NAACL 2022

Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics:NAACL 2022

Findings

July 10-15, 2022

The NAACL organizers gratefully acknowledge the support from the followingsponsors.

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We hire the brightest minds in the world to tackle some of the biggestquestions in finance.

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©2022 Association for Computational Linguistics

Order copies of this and other ACL proceedings from:

Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL)209 N. Eighth StreetStroudsburg, PA 18360USATel: +1-570-476-8006Fax: +1-570-476-0860acl@aclweb.org

ISBN 978-1-955917-76-6

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Organizing Committee

General Chair

Dan Roth, University of Pennsylvania and AWS AI Labs

Program Chairs

Marine Carpuat, University of MarylandMarie-Catherine de Marneffe, Ohio State UniversityIvan Vladimir Meza Ruiz, National Autonomous University of Mexico

Local Arrangements

Priscilla Rasmussen, ACLJennifer Rachford, ACL

Industry Track Chairs

Rashmi Gangadharaiah, AmazonAnastassia Loukina, GrammarlyBonan Min, Raytheon BBN Technologies

Advisors for the Industry Track

Owen Rambow, Stony Brook UniversityYunyao Li, IBM Research

Tutorial Chairs

Cecilia Alm, Rochester Institute of TechnologyMiguel Ballesteros, AmazonYulia Tsvetkov, University of Washington

Demonstration Chairs

Hannaneh Hajishirzi, University of WashingtonQiang Ning, AmazonAvi Sil, IBM Research

Workshops Chairs

Dan Goldwasser, Purdue UniversityYunyao Li, IBM ResearchAshish Sabharwal, Allen Institute for AI

Student Research Workshop Chairs

Daphne Ippolito, University of Pennsylvania

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Liunian Harold Li, University of California Los AngelesMaria Leonor Pacheco, Purdue University

Advisors for the Student Research Workshop

Danqi Chen, Princeton UniversityNianwen Xue, Brandeis University

Publication Chairs

Ryan Cotterell, ETH ZürichDanilo Croce, Tor Vergata University of RomeJordan Zhang,

Ethics Chairs

Kai-Wei Chang, University of California Los AngelesDiyi Yang, Georgia Institute of TechnologyDirk Hovy, Bocconi University

Reproducibility Chairs

Niranjan Balasubramanian, Stony Brook UniversityJesse Dodge, Allen Institute for AIAnnie Louis, GoogleDaniel Deutsch, University of PennsylvaniaYash Kumar Lal, Stony Brook University

Sponsorship Chair

Byron Wallace, Northeastern University

Diversity and Inclusion Chairs

Diana Galván, Tohoku UniversitySnigdha Chaturvedi, University of North Carolina Chapel HillYonatan Bisk, Carnegie Mellon University

Advisory for the Diversity and Inclusion Committees

Pranav A, Dayta AILuciana Benotti, National University of Córdoba

Volunteers Chair

Daniel Khashabi, Allen Institute for AI

Publicity Chairs

Nanyun (Violet) Peng, Microsoft ResearchEmily Sheng, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill

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Sameer Singh, University of California Irvine

Virtual Infrastructure Chair

Deepak Ramachandran, GoogleMartín Villalba, Saarland UniversityRishita Anubhai, Amazon

Website Chairs

Ice Pasupat, GoogleVered Shwartz, University of British Columbia

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Program Committee

Computational Social Science and Cultural Analytics

Svitlana Volkova, Pacific Northwest National LaboratoryDavid Bamman, University of California Berkeley

Dialogue and Interactive systems

Michel Galley, MicrosoftKallirroi Georgila, University of Southern CaliforniaNina Dethlefs, University of HullHeriberto Cuayáhuitl, University of Lincoln

Discourse and Pragmatics

Viviane Moreira, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulNafise Moosavi, University of Sheffield

Ethics Bias and Fairness

Vinodkumar Prabhakaran, GoogleSvetlana Kiritchenko, National Research Council Canada

Efficient methods in NLP

Alexandra Luccioni, Hugging FaceRoy Schwartz, Hebrew University Hebrew University of Jerusalem

Language Generation

Michael White, Ohio State UniversitySnigdha Chaturvedi, Department of Computer Science University of North Carolina Chapel HillShashi Narayan, Google

Information Extraction

Muhao Chen, University of Southern CaliforniaTimothy Miller, Harvard UniversityDeepak Ramachandran, GoogleRuihong Huang, Texas A&M University

Information Retrieval and Text Mining

Sophia Ananiadou, University of ManchesterLuca Soldaini, Allen Institute for Artificial Intelligence

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Interpretability and Analysis of Models for NLP

Sebastian Gehrmann, Google ResearchSameer Singh, University of California Irvine

Language Grounding to Vision Robotics and Beyond

Parisa Kordjamshidi, Michigan State UniversityPeter Anderson, Google

Language Resources and Evaluation

Annemarie Friedrich, Bosch Center for Artificial IntelligenceSebastian Schuster, New York UniversityPradeep Dasigi, Allen Institute for Artificial Intelligence

Linguistic Theories Cognitive Modeling and Psycholinguistics

Allyson Ettinger, University of ChicagoRaquel Fernández, University of Amsterdam

Machine Learning for NLP - Classification and Structured Prediction Models

He He, New York UniversityWei Xu, Georgia Institute of Technology

Machine Learning for NLP - Language Modeling and Sequence to Sequence Models

Colin Raffel, Hugging FaceMiguel Ballesteros, Amazon

Machine Translation

Kevin Duh, Johns Hopkins UniversityGholamreza Haffari, Monash UniversityRachel Bawden, Inria

Multilinguality

Dan Garrette, Google ResearchAvirup Sil, International Business Machines

NLP Applications

Vukosi Marivate, University of PretoriaHelena Gomez Adorno, Instituto de Investigaciones en Matemáticas Aplicadas y en Sistemas -UNAMWei Lu, Singapore University of Technology and DesignDan Goldwasser, Purdue University

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Phonology Morphology and Word Segmentation

Micha Elsner, Ohio State UniversityReut Tsarfaty, Bar-Ilan University Technion

Question Answering

Mihaela Bornea, IBM International Business MachinesJordan Boyd-Graber, University of Maryland College ParkSiva Reddy, Mila McGill University

Semantics - Lexical Semantics

Adina Williams, Facebook AI Research (Meta Platforms Inc.)Mohammad Taher Pilehvar, Tehran Institute for Advanced Studies

Semantics - Sentence-level Semantics and Textual Inference

Xiaodan Zhu, Queen’s UniversityEduardo Blanco, Arizona State UniversityRachel Rudinger, University of Maryland College Park

Sentiment Analysis and Stylistic Analysis

Davide Buscaldi, Ecole polytechniqueSara Rosenthal, International Business Machines

Speech

Adam Stiff, Infoscitex CorporationRolando Coto Solano, Dartmouth College

Summarization

Greg Durrett, University of Texas AustinJackie Cheung, Microsoft

Syntax - Tagging Chunking and Parsing

Marie Candito, Université de ParisLilja Øvrelid, Dept. of Informatics University of Oslo

Special Theme

Jeffrey Bigham, Carnegie Mellon University

Action Editors

Zeljko Agic, Md Shad Akhtar, Malihe Alikhani, Cecilia Alm, Mark Anderson, Jacob Andreas,Xiang Ao, Marianna Apidianaki, Yuki Arase, Mikel Artetxe, Ehsaneddin Asgari, Giuseppe Attardi

Niranjan Balasubramanian, Timothy Baldwin, Miguel Ballesteros, Mohamad Hardyman Barawi,

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Jeremy Barnes, Loïc Barrault, Roberto Basili, Ali Basirat, Jasmijn Bastings, Daniel Beck, Iz Bel-tagy, Luciana Benotti, Steven Bethard, Chandra Bhagavatula, Alexandra Birch, Yonatan Bisk,Danushka Bollegala, Florian Boudin, Leonid Boytsov, Chris Brew

Elena Cabrio, Aoife Cahill, Andrew Caines, Ruken Cakici, Jose Camacho-Collados, Yanan Cao,Ziqiang Cao, Cornelia Caragea, Paula Carvalho, Andrew Cattle, Daniel Cer, Muthukumar Chan-drasekaran, Angel Chang, Kai-Wei Chang, Boxing Chen, Danqi Chen, Kuan-Yu Chen, Lei Chen,Colin Cherry, Hai Leong Chieu, Luis Chiruzzo, Eunsol Choi, Jinho Choi, Prafulla Kumar Chou-bey, Khalid Choukri, Oana Cocarascu, John Conroy, Caio Corro, Marta Costa-jussà, Aron Culotta

Raj Dabre, Daniel Dakota, Dipanjan Das, Johannes Daxenberger, Pascal Denis, Barry Devereux,Georgiana Dinu, Jesse Dodge, Li Dong, Eduard Dragut, Kevin Duh, Miryam de Lhoneux, Marie-Catherine de Marneffe

Liat Ein-Dor, Michael Elhadad, Allyson Ettinger

Angela Fan, Anna Feldman, Naomi Feldman, Xiaocheng Feng, Yang Feng, Yansong Feng, Fran-cis Ferraro, Elisabetta Fersini, Simone Filice, Mark Fishel, Pascale Fung

Matthias Gallé, Zhe Gan, Yang Gao, Alborz Geramifard, Debanjan Ghosh, Goran Glavaš, Ky-le Gorman, Jiatao Gu, Qing Gu, Honglei Guo, Hongyu Guo, Qipeng Guo

Nizar Habash, Ivan Habernal, Christian Hardmeier, Yulan He, Zhongjun He, Daniel Hershco-vich, Julia Hockenmaier, Enamul Hoque, Baotian Hu, Shujian Huang, Xuanjing Huang

Ozan Irsoy, Srini Iyer

Cassandra Jacobs, Kokil Jaidka, Hyeju Jang, Yangfeng Ji, Preethi Jyothi

Sarvnaz Karimi, Shubhra Kanti Karmaker, Daisuke Kawahara, Daniel Khashabi, Jin-Dong Kim,Seokhwan Kim, Taeuk Kim, Ekaterina Kochmar, Grzegorz Kondrak, Amrith Krishna, Udo Kru-schwitz, Marco Kuhlmann, Sumeet Kumar, Jonathan Kummerfeld

Wai Lam, Zhenzhong Lan, Mark Last, Hady Lauw, Carolin Lawrence, John Lawrence, AlessandroLenci, Lori Levin, Mike Lewis, Patrick Lewis, Jing Li, Junhui Li, Juntao Li, Liangyou Li, Piji Li,Sujian Li, Wenjie Li, Maria Liakata, Constantine Lignos, Dekang Lin, Marco Lippi, Pengfei Liu,Qun Liu, Yang Liu, Zhiyuan Liu, Anh Tuan Luu

Wei-Yun Ma, Craig MacDonald, Andrea Madotto, Navonil Majumder, Prodromos Malakasiotis,Igor Malioutov, Eugenio Martinez-Camara, Bruno Martins, Yuji Matsumoto, . Mausam, DavidMcClosky, Mahnoosh Mehrabani, Margot Mieskes, Makoto Miwa, Daichi Mochihashi, MohamedMorchid, Antonio Moreno-Ortiz, David Mortensen, Lili Mou, Philippe Muller, Kenton Murray

Nona Naderi, Courtney Napoles, Shashi Narayan, Roberto Navigli, Mark-Jan Nederhof, VincentNg, Dat Quoc Nguyen, Thien Nguyen, Jan Niehues, Qiang Ning

Maciej Ogrodniczuk, Alice Oh, Naoaki Okazaki, Manabu Okumura, Matan Orbach, Miles Osbor-ne, Jessica Ouyang

Ankur Parikh, Joonsuk Park, Seong-Bae Park, Yannick Parmentier, Tommaso Pasini, Rebecca Pas-sonneau, Viviana Patti, Nanyun Peng, Laura Perez-Beltrachini, Sandro Pezzelle, Juan Pino, Emily

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Pitler, Barbara Plank, Edoardo Ponti, Simone Ponzetto, Kashyap Popat, Maja Popovic, SoujanyaPoria, Vinodkumar Prabhakaran, Daniel Preotiuc-Pietro, Emily Prud’hommeaux

Tieyun Qian, Xipeng Qiu, Xiaojun Quan

Alessandro Raganato, Ganesh Ramakrishnan, Siva Reddy, Ines Rehbein, Roi Reichart, Xiang Ren,Yafeng Ren, Sebastian Riedel, Joseph Roux, Alla Rozovskaya, Attapol Rutherford

Diarmuid Séaghdha, Alexandre Salle, Maarten Sap, Hinrich Schütze, Timo Schick, Nathan Schnei-der, H. Schwartz, Lane Schwartz, Minjoon Seo, Bei Shi, Tianze Shi, Lei Shu, Melanie Siegel,Gabriel Skantze, Kevin Small, Yangqiu Song, Vivek Srikumar, Shashank Srivastava, EfstathiosStamatatos, Gabriel Stanovsky, Amanda Stent, Karl Stratos, Emma Strubell, Sara Stymne, SakuSugawara, Jun Suzuki

Dima Taji, Duyu Tang, Harish Tayyar Madabushi, Paolo Torroni, Trang Tran, Chen-Tse Tsai,Jun’ichi Tsujii, Kewei Tu

Stefan Ultes

Olga Vechtomova, Giulia Venturi, Suzan Verberne, Yannick Versley, David Vilares, Thuy Vu,Ivan Vulic, Yogarshi Vyas

Byron Wallace, Xiaojun Wan, Longyue Wang, Shuai Wang, Xin Wang, Zhiguang Wang, LeoWanner, Zeerak Waseem, Shinji Watanabe, Zhongyu Wei, Rodrigo Wilkens, Alina Wróblewska,Lijun Wu

Tong Xiao, Deyi Xiong, Hainan Xu

Rui Yan, Min Yang, Jin-Ge Yao, Wenlin Yao, Wenpeng Yin, Koichiro Yoshino, Jianfei Yu, KaiYu, Mo Yu, François Yvon

Marcos Zampieri, Marcely Zanon Boito, Fabio Massimo Zanzotto, Amir Zeldes, Luke Zettle-moyer, Justine Zhang, Weinan Zhang, Xiangliang Zhang, Xingxing Zhang, Yi Zhang, Yue Zhang,Zhe Zhang, Michael Zock

Reviewers

Robert Östling, Ahmet Üstün, Erion Çano, Blaž Škrlj

Micheal Abaho, Ahmed Abdelali, Muhammad Abdul-Mageed, Omri Abend, Karl Aberer, LashaAbzianidze, David Adelani, Somak Aditya, Noëmi Aepli, Divyansh Agarwal, Sanchit Agarwal,Rodrigo Agerri, Milan Aggarwal, Piush Aggarwal, Manex Agirrezabal, Guy Aglionby, AmeetaAgrawal, Priyanka Agrawal, Sweta Agrawal, Roee Aharoni, Wasi Ahmad, Benyamin Ahmadnia,Murtadha Ahmed, Aman Ahuja, Kabir Ahuja, Chunhui Ai, Joshua Ainslie, Akiko Aizawa, ReinaAkama, VSDS Mahesh Akavarapu, Alan Akbik, Syed Sarfaraz Akhtar, Nader Akoury, Arjun Aku-la, Ekin Akyurek, Hend Al-Khalifa, Nora Al-Twairesh, Amal Alabdulkarim, Ozge Alacam, FirojAlam, Georgios Alexandridis, Dmitriy Alexandrov, David Alfter, Bashar Alhafni, Raquel Alhama,Tariq Alhindi, Hassam Alhuzali, Mohammad Aliannejadi, Tamer Alkhouli, Emily Allaway, ManarAlohaly, Héctor Alonso, Miguel Alonso, Sawsan Alqahtani, Milad Alshomary, Sophia Althammer,Fernando Alva-Manchego, Rami Aly, Aixiu An, Jisun An, Nicholas Andrews, Gabor Angeli, Die-

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go Antognini, Jean-Yves Antoine, Kaveri Anuranjana, Emilia Apostolova, Negar Arabzadeh, EijiAramaki, Arturo Argueta, Mozhdeh Ariannezhad, Naveen Arivazhagan, Ravneet Arora, IgnacioArroyo-Fernández, Katya Artemova, Yoav Artzi, Akari Asai, Elliott Ash, Zhenisbek Assylbekov,Duygu Ataman, Ben Athiwaratkun, Giuseppe Attanasio, Isabelle Augenstein, Michael Auli, AmirAvestimehr, Eleftherios Avramidis, Parul Awasthy, Hosein Azarbonyad, Wilker Aziz, MatthiasAßenmacher

Bogdan Babych, Sanghwan Bae, Deblin Bagchi, Ebrahim Bagheri, Dzmitry Bahdanau, AshutoshBaheti, Vikas Bahirwani, Fan Bai, He Bai, Long Bai, Yu Bai, JinYeong Bak, Vidhisha Balachan-dran, Mithun Balakrishna, Tyler Baldwin, Nicolae Banari, Juan Banda, Pratyay Banerjee, JeesooBang, Hritik Bansal, Sameer Bansal, Hangbo Bao, Jianzhu Bao, Junwei Bao, Yu Bao, Zuyi Bao,Ankur Bapna, Roy Bar-Haim, Edoardo Barba, Denilson Barbosa, Ken Barker, Leslie Barrett, Ja-mes Barry, Max Bartolo, Marco Basaldella, Pierpaolo Basile, Valerio Basile, Mohaddeseh Bastan,Daniel Bauer, Timo Baumann, Kathy Baxter, Tilman Beck, Lee Becker, Dorothee Beermann, LisaBeinborn, Ahmad Beirami, Giannis Bekoulis, Gemma Bel-Enguix, Eric Bell, Meriem Beloucif,Eyal Ben-David, Yassine Benajiba, Michael Bendersky, Luisa Bentivogli, Adrian Benton, Jona-than Berant, Alexandre Berard, Gábor Berend, Taylor Berg-Kirkpatrick, Maria Berger, Toms Berg-manis, Rafael Berlanga, Timothée Bernard, Delphine Bernhard, Dario Bertero, Aditya Bhargava,Suma Bhat, Sumit Bhatia, Kasturi Bhattacharjee, Pushpak Bhattacharyya, Satwik Bhattamishra,Shruti Bhosale, Rajarshi Bhowmik, Victoria Bi, Laura Biester, Philippe Blache, Philip Blair, TerraBlevins, Rexhina Blloshmi, Jelke Bloem, Michael Bloodgood, Sravan Babu Bodapati, Ben Bogin,Nikolay Bogoychev, Bernd Bohnet, Ondrej Bojar, Gemma Boleda, Danushka Bollegala, ValeriiaBolotova, Daniele Bonadiman, Logan Born, Piyush Borole, Emanuela Boros, Tulika Bose, Antoi-ne Bosselut, Robert Bossy, Kaj Bostrom, Nadjet Bouayad-Agha, Zied Bouraoui, Samuel Bowman,Johan Boye, Kristy Boyer, Faeze Brahman, Antonio Branco, Stephanie Brandl, Arthur Brazinskas,Jonathan Brennan, Chris Brew, Eleftheria Briakou, Thomas Brochhagen, Samuel Broscheit, Tho-mas Brovelli, Pawel Budzianowski, Sven Buechel, Emanuele Bugliarello, Joan Byamugisha, BillByrne

Avi Caciularu, Samuel Cahyawijaya, Deng Cai, Han Cai, Hengyi Cai, Pengshan Cai, Yi Cai, Ago-stina Calabrese, Iacer Calixto, Jesus Calvillo, Jose Camacho-Collados, Erik Cambria, Oana-MariaCamburu, Giovanni Campagna, Leonardo Campillos-Llanos, Niccolò Campolungo, Daniel Cam-pos, Jon Ander Campos, Burcu Can, Jie Cao, Juan Cao, Kris Cao, Qingqing Cao, Qingxing Cao,Ruisheng Cao, Shuyang Cao, Steven Cao, Yixin Cao, Yu Cao, Yuan Cao, Yunbo Cao, AnnalinaCaputo, Dallas Card, Ronald Cardenas, Rémi Cardon, Luigi Caro, Lucien Carroll, Danilo Carval-ho, Tommaso Caselli, Justine Cassell, Vittorio Castelli, Giuseppe Castellucci, Paulo Cavalin, ArunTejasvi Chaganty, Soumen Chakrabarti, Abhisek Chakrabarty, Tuhin Chakrabarty, Sunandan Cha-kraborty, Bharathi Raja Chakravarthi, Ilias Chalkidis, Alvin Chan, Hou Pong Chan, ZhangmingChan, Khyathi Chandu, Serina Chang, Xuankai Chang, Yung-Chun Chang, Soravit Changpinyo,WenHan Chao, Shubham Chatterjee, Akshay Chaturvedi, Konstantinos Chatzisavvas, Aditi Chau-dhary, Kushal Chawla, Wanxiang Che, Gullal Singh Cheema, Saneem Chemmengath, Bei Chen,Bo Chen, Cen Chen, Chenhua Chen, Chung-Chi Chen, Danqi Chen, Daoyuan Chen, Feilong Chen,Guangyong Chen, Guanhua Chen, Guanyi Chen, Hanjie Chen, Hong Chen, Howard Chen, JiazeChen, Jifan Chen, John Chen, Kezhen Chen, Lei Chen, Lin Chen, Lu Chen, Luoxin Chen, MengChen, Mingda Chen, Pei Chen, Qian Chen, Qianglong Chen, Qingcai Chen, Tianlang Chen, Tong-fei Chen, Wang Chen, Wei-Fan Chen, Wenhu Chen, Wenliang Chen, Wenqing Chen, Xilun Chen,Xinchi Chen, Xiuying Chen, Yen-Chun Chen, Yubo Chen, Yue Chen, Yufeng Chen, Yulong Chen,Yun Chen, Zhi Chen, Zhihong Chen, Zhuang Chen, Zhumin Chen, Zhuohao Chen, Liying Cheng,Lu Cheng, Minhao Cheng, Pengxiang Cheng, Pengyu Cheng, Shanbo Cheng, Weiwei Cheng,Yong Cheng, Zifeng Cheng, Emmanuele Chersoni, Ethan Chi, Ta-Chung Chi, Zewen Chi, YewKen Chia, David Chiang, Ting-Rui Chiang, Patricia Chiril, Nadezhda Chirkova, Francisco Chiyah-

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Garcia, Hyunsoo Cho, Jaemin Cho, Kyunghyun Cho, Sangwoo Cho, Won Ik Cho, Eunsol Choi,Jinho Choi, Jonghyun Choi, Seungtaek Choi, Shamil Chollampatt, Jaegul Choo, Leshem Choshen,Prafulla Kumar Choubey, Jishnu Chowdhury, Md Faisal Mahbub Chowdhury, Somnath Chowd-hury, Christos Christodoulopoulos, Fenia Christopoulou, Alexandra Chronopoulou, Chenhui Chu,Christopher Chu, Tat-seng Chua, Jin-Woo Chung, Kenneth Church, Abu Nowshed Chy, VolkanCirik, Christopher Clark, Elizabeth Clark, Christopher Clarke, Miruna Clinciu, Trevor Cohen, Je-remy Cole, Marcus Collins, Pierre Colombo, Kathryn Conger, Simone Conia, Mathieu Constant,Noah Constant, Danish Contractor, Robin Cooper, Anna Corazza, Luciano Corro, Josep Crego,Danilo Croce, Fabien Cromieres, Lei Cui, Leyang Cui, Shaobo Cui, Xia Cui, Yiming Cui, AnnaCurrey, Tonya Custis

Luis Fernando D’Haro, Jennifer D’Souza, Hervé Déjean, Giovanni Da San Martino, Raj Dabre,Deborah Dahl, Hongliang Dai, Wenliang Dai, Xiang Dai, Xinyu Dai, Yinpei Dai, Zhuyun Dai,Siddharth Dalmia, Sandipan Dandapat, Marina Danilevsky, Verna Dankers, Anubrata Das, Rajar-shi Das, Sarthak Dash, Vidas Daudaravicius, Sam Davidson, Brian Davis, Ernest Davis, HeidarDavoudi, Steve DeNeefe, Alok Debnath, Marco Del Tredici, Louise Deleger, Agustín Delgado,David Demeter, Xiang Deng, Yang Deng, Yuntian Deng, Zhenyun Deng, Zhongfen Deng, Teja-swini Deoskar, Jan Deriu, Franck Dernoncourt, Ameet Deshpande, Roberto Dessi, Tim Dettmers,Sunipa Dev, Jwala Dhamala, Maria Pia Di Buono, Shizhe Diao, Gaël Dias, Emily Dinan, Chen-chen Ding, Haibo Ding, Kaize Ding, Liang Ding, Ning Ding, Shuoyang Ding, Long Doan, Char-les Dognin, Miguel Domingo, Lucia Donatelli, Domenic Donato, Haoyu Dong, Qian Dong, YueDong, Bonaventure F. P. Dossou, Longxu Dou, Zi-Yi Dou, Doug Downey, Mark Dras, MarkusDreyer, Rotem Dror, Aleksandr Drozd, Andrew Drozdov, Jingfei Du, Jinhua Du, Li Du, Men-gnan Du, Pan Du, Wanyu Du, Xinya Du, Yupei Du, Xiangyu Duan, Kumar Dubey, Pablo Duboue,Shiran Dudy, Philipp Dufter, Jonathan Dunn, Benjamin Durme, Ritam Dutt, Gaël de Chalendar,Gustavo de Rosa, Flor Miriam del Arco

Dylan Ebert, Abteen Ebrahimi, Aleksandra Edwards, Steffen Eger, Markus Egg, Yo Ehara, Vladi-mir Eidelman, Bryan Eikema, Jacob Eisenstein, Adam Ek, Asif Ekbal, Aparna Elangovan, YanaiElazar, Heba Elfardy, Michael Elhadad, AbdelRahim Elmadany, Micha Elsner, Denis Emelin,Guy Emerson, Akiko Eriguchi, Liana Ermakova, Ori Ernst, Patrick Ernst, Carlos Escolano, ArashEshghi, Ramy Eskander, Cristina España-Bonet, Luis Espinosa-Anke, Kawin Ethayarajh, KilianEvang, Richard Evans

Michael Färber, Alexander Fabbri, Guglielmo Faggioli, Martin Fajcík, Neele Falk, Tobias Fal-ke, Chuang Fan, Feifan Fan, Lu Fan, Anjie Fang, Wei Fang, Yihao Fang, Yuwei Fang, HosseinFani, Amir Feder, Hao Fei, Nils Feldhus, Mariano Felice, Jiazhan Feng, Junlan Feng, Shi Feng,Shi Feng, Shikun Feng, Xiachong Feng, Yansong Feng, Emmanouil Fergadiotis, James Ferguson,Daniel Fernández-González, Patrick Fernandes, Elisa Ferracane, Javier Ferrando, Francis Ferra-ro, Thiago Ferreira, Olivier Ferret, Besnik Fetahu, Anjalie Field, Alejandro Figueroa, Katja Fi-lippova, Catherine Finegan-Dollak, Nicholas FitzGerald, Margaret Fleck, Lucie Flekova, AntskeFokkens, Marina Fomicheva, José Fonollosa, Tommaso Fornaciari, Paula Fortuna, Eric Fosler-Lussier, George Foster, Mary Ellen Foster, James Foulds, Thomas François, Anette Frank, StellaFrank, Alexander Fraser, Kathleen Fraser, Marjorie Freedman, Dayne Freitag, Markus Freitag,Andre Freitas, Lea Frermann, Daniel Fried, Guohong Fu, Jie Fu, Jinlan Fu, Peng Fu, Tsu-Jui Fu,Xingyu Fu, Xiyan Fu, Yao Fu, Yoshinari Fujinuma, Kotaro Funakoshi, Adam Funk

Jana Götze, Carlos Gómez-Rodríguez, Matteo Gabburo, Saadia Gabriel, David Gaddy, MarcoGaido, Andrea Galassi, Mark Gales, Leilei Gan, Yujian Gan, Zhe Gan, Kuzman Ganchev, Su-deep Gandhe, Ashwinkumar Ganesan, Balaji Ganesan, Debasis Ganguly, William Gantt, Ge Gao,Jie Gao, Jun Gao, Shen Gao, Tianyu Gao, Yifan Gao, Yingbo Gao, Matt Gardner, Dinesh Garg,

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Muskan Garg, Sarthak Garg, Siddhant Garg, Albert Gatt, Manas Gaur, Dipesh Gautam, Shen Ge,Yubin Ge, Ruiying Geng, Ariel Gera, Mor Geva, Demian Ghalandari, Sepideh Ghanavati, SarikGhazarian, Sarik Ghazarian, Marjan Ghazvininejad, Mozhdeh Gheini, Ahmed Ghoneim, Deepa-nway Ghosal, Debanjan Ghosh, Sourav Ghosh, Sucheta Ghosh, Daniel Gildea, Salvatore Gior-gi, Voula Giouli, Adrià Gispert, Mario Giulianelli, Michael Glass, Goran Glavaš, Alfio Gliozzo,Ameya Godbole, Vaibhava Goel, Nazli Goharian, Tejas Gokhale, Sujatha Das Gollapalli, Mar-cos Goncalves, Lovedeep Gondara, Heng Gong, Hongyu Gong, Samuel Gonzalez-Lopez, JeffreyGood, Rob Goot, Karthik Gopalakrishnan, Vera Gor, Philip Gorinski, Isao Goto, Cyril Goutte,Kartik Goyal, Naman Goyal, Pawan Goyal, Tanya Goyal, Mario Graff, Christophe Gravier, Yu-lia Grishina, Milan Gritta, Loïc Grobol, Karol Grzegorczyk, Jia-Chen Gu, Jing Gu, Jian Guan,Saiping Guan, Shuo Guan, Yi Guan, Marco Guerini, Lin Gui, Vincent Guigue, Liane Guillou,Camille Guinaudeau, Kalpa Gunaratna, Chulaka Gunasekara, James Gung, Tunga Gungor, JiangGuo, Jiaqi Guo, Junliang Guo, Ruocheng Guo, Yinpeng Guo, Zhijiang Guo, Abhirut Gupta, Pra-khar Gupta, Rahul Gupta, Shashank Gupta, Sparsh Gupta, Vivek Gupta, Izzeddin Gur, SuchinGururangan, Joakim Gustafson, Ximena Gutierrez-Vasques, Ido Guy

Ali Hürriyetoglu, Jung-Woo Ha, Nizar Habash, Ivan Habernal, Christian Hadiwinoto, Nafaa Haf-far, Matthias Hagen, Michael Hahn, Zhen Hai, Huda Hakami, David Hall, Michael Hammond,Jialong Han, Jiawei Han, Lifeng Han, Namgi Han, Rujun Han, Seungju Han, Shi Han, WenjuanHan, Xianpei Han, Xudong Han, Abram Handler, Greg Hanneman, Jie Hao, Momchil Harda-lov, Hardy Hardy, Mareike Hartmann, Thomas Hartvigsen, Peter Hase, Chikara Hashimoto, HanyHassan, Nabil Hathout, Bradley Hauer, Hiroaki Hayashi, Katsuhiko Hayashi, Yoshihiko Hayashi,Shirley Hayati, Devamanyu Hazarika, Timothy Hazen, Ben He, Junxian He, Liang He, Liang He,Luheng He, Shizhu He, Taiqi He, Wanwei He, Xuanli He, Yifan He, Youbiao He, Behnam He-dayatnia, Jindrich Helcl, Matthew Henderson, Leonhard Hennig, Nico Herbig, Jonathan Herzig,Jack Hessel, John Hewitt, Rem Hida, Djoerd Hiemstra, Ryuichiro Higashinaka, Xavier Hinaut,Tsutomu Hirao, Tatsuya Hiraoka, Nils Hjortnaes, Cuong Hoang, Hieu Hoang, Johannes Hoffart,Valentin Hofmann, Chris Hokamp, Nora Hollenstein, Ari Holtzman, Takeshi Homma, Ukyo Hon-da, Xudong Hong, Mark Hopkins, Andrea Horbach, Md Mosharaf Hossain, Saghar Hosseini, FengHou, Lei Hou, Yutai Hou, Dirk Hovy, David Howcroft, Estevam Hruschka, Shu-Kai Hsieh, Be-njamin Hsu, Chao-Chun Hsu, Chun-Nan Hsu, I-Hung Hsu, Wei-Ning Hsu, Phu-Mon Htut, ChiHu, Hexiang Hu, Jennifer Hu, Jinyi Hu, Minghao Hu, Pengwei Hu, Po Hu, Renfen Hu, Wei Hu,Zhe Hu, Ziniu Hu, Xinyu Hua, Chao-Wei Huang, Danqing Huang, He Huang, Hen-Hsen Huang,Heyan Huang, James Y. Huang, Jiaji Huang, Jie Huang, Kaiyu Huang, Kuan-Hao Huang, Kung-Hsiang Huang, Minlie Huang, Quzhe Huang, Songfang Huang, Xiaolei Huang, Xinting Huang,Zhongqiang Huang, Patrick Huber, Binyuan Hui, Kai Hui, Chia-Chien Hung, Dieuwke Hupkes,Ben Hutchinson, Tin Huynh, Jena Hwang, Sung Ju Hwang

Ignacio Iacobacci, Timour Igamberdiev, Oana Ignat, Alvin Ii, Ryu Iida, Taichi Iki, Gabriel Ilharco,Filip Ilievski, Nikolai Ilinykh, Irina Illina, Dmitry Ilvovsky, Mert Inan, Sathish Reddy Indurthi, GoInoue, Koji Inoue, Naoya Inoue, Radu Ionescu, Daphne Ippolito, Hitoshi Isahara, Tatsuya Ishigaki,Neslihan Iskender, Tunazzina Islam, Hayate Iso, Takumi Ito, Tomoya Iwakura, Kenichi Iwatsuki

Aaron Jaech, Sarthak Jain, Sujay Kumar Jauhar, Tommi Jauhiainen, Pratik Jayarao, SébastienJean, Sungho Jeon, Kevin Jesse, Harsh Jhamtani, Houye Ji, Shouling Ji, Zongcheng Ji, Chen Jia,Ran Jia, Robin Jia, Ruoxi Jia, Yuxiang Jia, Ping Jian, Daxin Jiang, Hongfei Jiang, Huixing Jiang,Jing Jiang, Meng Jiang, Nan Jiang, Nanjiang Jiang, Shaojie Jiang, Wenbin Jiang, Xin Jiang, Zhen-gbao Jiang, Zhihua Jiang, Zhuolin Jiang, Zhuoren Jiang, Zhuoxuan Jiang, Wenxiang Jiao, AllanJie, Di Jin, Hailong Jin, Lifeng Jin, Peng Jin, Xiaolong Jin, Yiping Jin, Xu Jinan, Baoyu Jing,Yohan Jo, Richard Johansson, Shailza Jolly, Erik Jones, Kenneth Joseph, Sachindra Joshi, DhanyaJothimani, Xincheng Ju, Jaap Jumelet, Heewoo Jun, Prathyusha Jwalapuram

xvi

Jad Kabbara, Kazuma Kadowaki, Tomoyuki Kajiwara, Mihir Kale, Oren Kalinsky, Aikaterini-Lida Kalouli, Hidetaka Kamigaito, Jaap Kamps, Min-Yen Kan, Hiroshi Kanayama, Masahiro Ka-neko, Minki Kang, Yoshinobu Kano, Diptesh Kanojia, Evangelos Kanoulas, Georgi Karadzhov,Pinar Karagoz, Siddharth Karamcheti, Mladen Karan, Younes Karimi, Börje Karlsson, SanjeevKarn, Jungo Kasai, Omid Kashefi, Yosuke Kashiwagi, Zdenek Kasner, Nora Kassner, DivyanshKaushik, Pride Kavumba, Hideto Kazawa, Amirhossein Kazemnejad, Abe Kazemzadeh, Pei Ke,Zixuan Ke, Brendan Kennedy, Casey Kennington, Tom Kenter, Daniel Kershaw, Santosh Kesiraju,Madian Khabsa, Salam Khalifa, Jawad Khan, Dinesh Khandelwal, Urvashi Khandelwal, SimranKhanuja, Mitesh Khapra, Aparna Khare, Khalid Khatib, Mikhail Khodak, Tushar Khot, JohannesKiesel, Dong-Jin Kim, Gene Kim, Gunhee Kim, Gyuwan Kim, Hyounghun Kim, Hyunwoo Kim,Jaehyung Kim, Jihyuk Kim, Joo-Kyung Kim, Juyong Kim, Kang-Min Kim, Sungdong Kim, Yea-chan Kim, Yoon Kim, Tracy King, Christo Kirov, Nikita Kitaev, Hirokazu Kiyomaru, Shun Kiyo-no, Ayal Klein, Bennett Kleinberg, Mateusz Klimaszewski, Rebecca Knowles, Hideo Kobayashi,Elena Kochkina, Jordan Kodner, Philipp Koehn, Svetla Koeva, Mare Koit, Noriyuki Kojima, RikKoncel-Kedziorski, Cunliang Kong, Lingkai Kong, Miloslav Konopík, Moshe Koppel, Yuta Ko-reeda, Mandy Korpusik, Katsunori Kotani, Fajri Koto, Venelin Kovatchev, Sebastian Krause, ElisaKreiss, Simon Krek, Ralf Krestel, Florian Kreyssig, Kalpesh Krishna, Kundan Krishna, BalajiKrishnamurthy, Nikhil Krishnaswamy, Reno Kriz, Canasai Kruengkrai, Udo Kruschwitz, GermànKruszewski, Lun-Wei Ku, Taras Kucherenko, Mayank Kulkarni, Sayali Kulkarni, Vivek Kulkarni,Artur Kulmizev, Devang Kulshreshtha, Ashutosh Kumar, Ayush Kumar, Dhruv Kumar, SachinKumar, Sawan Kumar, Shankar Kumar, Varun Kumar, Anoop Kunchukuttan, Souvik Kundu, Flo-rian Kunneman, Jenny Kunz, Tatsuki Kuribayashi, Shuhei Kurita, Kemal Kurniawan, Robin Kurtz,Andrey Kutuzov

Matthieu Labeau, Oier Lacalle, Faisal Ladhak, Huiyuan Lai, Viet Lai, Yuxuan Lai, Vasudev Lal,Yash Kumar Lal, Divesh Lala, John Lalor, Tsz Kin Lam, Wai Lam, Matthew Lamm, GerasimosLampouras, Man Lan, Wuwei Lan, Yunshi Lan, Ni Lao, Guy Lapalme, Mirella Lapata, Gabriel-la Lapesa, Stefan Larson, Alex Lascarides, Md Tahmid Rahman Laskar, Anne Lauscher, AlbertoLavelli, Dawn Lawrie, Henry Le, Phong Le, Matthew Lease, Andrew Lee, Chia-Hsuan Lee, Dong-kyu Lee, Dongyub Lee, Fei-Tzin Lee, Hung-yi Lee, Hyunju Lee, Ji-Ung Lee, Joosung Lee, KentonLee, Nayeon Lee, Sang-Woo Lee, Seolhwa Lee, Young-Suk Lee, Artuur Leeuwenberg, Tao Lei,Wenqiang Lei, Jochen Leidner, Alessandro Lenci, Yichong Leng, Piyawat Lertvittayakumjorn,Brian Lester, Guy Lev, Gina-Anne Levow, Sharon Levy, Ashley Lewis, Martha Lewis, Bai Li,Bo Li, Bowen Li, Bryan Li, Chen Li, Chenliang Li, Chenliang Li, Chunyuan Li, Dianqi Li, Din-gcheng Li, Dongfang Li, Haizhou Li, Haonan Li, Haoran Li, Hongyu Li, Huayang Li, Irene Li,Jialu Li, Jinchao Li, Jing Li, Jingjing Li, Jingye Li, Jiwei Li, Juanzi Li, Juncheng Li, Liangyou Li,Lin Li, Manling Li, Miao Li, Minglei Li, Peifeng Li, Penh Li, Ruifan Li, Ruizhe Li, Shang-WenLi, Shaohua Li, Sheng Li, Shuangyin Li, Shuyang Li, Tao Li, Xiang Li, Xiangci Li, Xiaonan Li,Xin Li, Xintong Li, Xiujun Li, Yanran Li, Yanzeng Li, Yaoyiran Li, Ying Li, Yingjie Li, YingyaLi, Yinqiao Li, Yitong Li, Yiyuan Li, Yuan-Fang Li, Yuliang Li, Zhen Li, Zheng Li, ZhenghuaLi, Zhongyang Li, Zhoujun Li, Zichao Li, Zongxi Li, Zuchao Li, Bin Liang, Chao-Chun Liang,Chen Liang, Paul Pu Liang, Shining Liang, Yunlong Liang, Zhicheng Liang, Bei Liao, Lizi Liao,Jindrich Libovický, Chaya Liebeskind, Wang Lijie, Gilbert Lim, Kwan Lim, Bill Yuchen Lin,Guan-Ting Lin, Hongfei Lin, Junyang Lin, Kevin Lin, Lucy Lin, Peiqin Lin, Thomas Lin, TonyLin, Weizhe Lin, Xi Lin, Xiang Lin, Yankai Lin, Ying Lin, Zhaojiang Lin, Zheng Lin, Zi Lin, TalLinzen, Pierre Lison, Robert Litschko, Patrick Littell, Marina Litvak, Alisa Liu, Bin Liu, Bing Liu,Chen Liu, Chi-Liang Liu, Dayiheng Liu, Dexi Liu, Fangyu Liu, Fenglin Liu, Han Liu, HaochenLiu, Haokun Liu, Haoyan Liu, Hui Liu, Jiachang Liu, Jiacheng Liu, Jian Liu, Jing Liu, Junhao Liu,Kang Liu, Lemao Liu, Ling Liu, Liyuan Liu, Ming Liu, Mingtong Liu, Nelson Liu, Peng Liu, QianLiu, Qianchu Liu, Shujie Liu, Siyang Liu, Tianyu Liu, Wei Liu, Weijie Liu, Xianggen Liu, Xiao

xvii

Liu, Xiao Liu, Xiaodong Liu, Xien Liu, Xin Liu, Xuebo Liu, Xueqing Liu, Yang Janet Liu, YijinLiu, Yong Liu, Yongfei Liu, Yuang Liu, Zemin Liu, Zeming Liu, Zhenghao Liu, Zhengyuan Liu,Zhiyuan Liu, Zhiyue Liu, Zhun Liu, Zihan Liu, Zoey Liu, Kyle Lo, Sharid Loáiciga, LajanugenLogeswaran, Damien Lolive, Guodong Long, Quanyu Long, Yunfei Long, Shayne Longpre, JoséDavid Lopes, Adrian Lopez monroy, Jaime Lorenzo-Trueba, Natalia Loukachevitch, Di Lu, KaijiLu, Wei Lu, Xing Lu, Yaojie Lu, Yichao Lu, Yu Lu, Yujie Lu, Li Lucy, Stephanie Lukin, HongyinLuo, Huaishao Luo, Ling Luo, Ping Luo, Tianyi Luo, Kelvin Luu, Qi Lv, Shangwen Lv, Xin Lv,Qing Lyu

Meryem M’hamdi, Mathias Müller, Thomas Müller, Carlos-Francisco Méndez-Cruz, Ji Ma, Kai-xin Ma, Mingyu Ma, Qianli Ma, Tingting Ma, Weicheng Ma, Xiaomeng Ma, Xinyin Ma, XuezheMa, Xutai Ma, Aman Madaan, Mounica Maddela, Pranava Madhyastha, Andrea Madotto, BrielenMadureira, Manuel Mager, Saad Mahamood, Suchismit Mahapatra, Debanjan Mahata, RahmadMahendra, Ayush Maheshwari, Gaurav Maheshwari, Kyle Mahowald, Wolfgang Maier, Bodhi-sattwa Prasad Majumder, Rathnakara Malatesha, Chaitanya Malaviya, Andreas Maletti, AnkurMali, Eric Malmi, Christopher Malon, Valentin Malykh, Saab Mansour, Ramesh Manuvinaku-rike, Emaad Manzoor, Wenji Mao, Xian-Ling Mao, Xin Mao, Yuning Mao, Yuren Mao, DiegoMarcheggiani, Daniel Marcu, Piotr Mardziel, Benjamin Marie, Zita Marinho, Antonis Maroniko-lakis, Edison Marrese Taylor, Lara Martin, Marianna Martindale, Pedro Henrique Martins, EvaMartínez Garcia, Sameen Maruf, Claudia Marzi, Aleksandre Maskharashvili, Sarah Masud, Lam-bert Mathias, Sandeep Mathias, Puneet Mathur, David Matos, Sérgio Matos, Yevgen Matusevych,Evgeny Matusov, Nickil Maveli, Jonathan May, Stephen Mayhew, Joshua Maynez, John McCrae,Kate McCurdy, Matthew McDermott, Denis McInerney, Alexander Mehler, Shikib Mehri, MaitreyMehta, Nikhil Mehta, Hongyuan Mei, Clara Meister, Dheeraj Mekala, Julia Mendelsohn, TelmoMenezes, Fandong Meng, Helen Meng, Rui Meng, Tao Meng, Yu Meng, Yuanliang Meng, ZhaoMeng, Rakesh Menon, Wolfgang Menzel, Paola Merlo, William Merrill, Donald Metzler, Fei Mi,Haitao Mi, Qingliang Miao, Yisong Miao, Julian Michael, George Michalopoulos, Paul Michel,Lesly Miculicich, Sabrina Mielke, Zulfat Miftahutdinov, Todor Mihaylov, Tsvetomila Mihaylova,Victor Mijangos, Elena Mikhalkova, Simon Mille, Tristan Miller, Emiel Miltenburg, Eleni Miltsa-kaki, David Mimno, Do June Min, Sewon Min, Pasquale Minervini, Xu Mingzhou, Hideya Mino,Sabino Miranda, Paramita Mirza, Abhijit Mishra, Swaroop Mishra, Amita Misra, Teruko Mita-mura, Arpit Mittal, Yusuke Miyao, Takashi Miyazaki, Daniela Moctezuma, Ashutosh Modi, Adi-tya Mogadala, Mahmoud Mohammadi, Alireza Mohammadshahi, Hosein Mohebbi, Diego Molla,Nicholas Monath, Ishani Mondal, Syrielle Montariol, Manuel Montes, Seungwhan Moon, RayMooney, Mehrad Moradshahi, Vlad Morariu, Mohamed Morchid, Jose Moreno, Mathieu Morey,Junichiro Mori, Gaku Morio, Makoto Morishita, John Morris, David Mortensen, Marius Mosbach,Aida Mostafazadeh Davani, Xiangyang Mou, Frank Mtumbuka, Hamdy Mubarak, Aaron Muel-ler, Shamsuddeen Muhammad, Animesh Mukherjee, Matthew Mulholland, Deepak Muralidharan,Masayasu Muraoka, Tomáš Musil, Agnieszka Mykowiecka, Sheshera Mysore

Claire Nédellec, Aurélie Névéol, Seung-Hoon Na, Masaaki Nagata, Ajay Nagesh, Suraj Nair,Saeed Najafi, Tetsuji Nakagawa, Nikita Nangia, Diane Napolitano, Jason Naradowsky, KanikaNarang, Karthik Narasimhan, Tahira Naseem, Alexis Nasr, Vivi Nastase, Anandhavelu Natarajan,Matteo Negri, Isar Nejadgholi, Preksha Nema, Graham Neubig, Günter Neumann, Mariana Neves,Denis Newman-Griffis, Jun Ping Ng, Huy Nguyen, Huyen Nguyen, Kiet Nguyen, Minh Nguyen,Minh Van Nguyen, Minh-Tien Nguyen, Thanh-Tung Nguyen, Thien Nguyen, Truc-Vien Nguyen,Hoang-Quoc Nguyen-Son, Ansong Ni, Jian Ni, Jianmo Ni, Pin Ni, Garrett Nicolai, Massimo Ni-cosia, Feng Nie, Shaoliang Nie, Yixin Nie, Andreas Niekler, Joel Niklaus, Giannis Nikolentzos,Vassilina Nikoulina, Lasguido Nio, Kosuke Nishida, Noriki Nishida, Masaaki Nishino, SergiuNisioi, Tong Niu, Cicero Nogueira dos Santos, Hiroshi Noji, Tadashi Nomoto, Farhad Nooralah-zadeh, Damien Nouvel, Michal Novák, Jekaterina Novikova, Pierre Nugues

xviii

Alexander O’Connor, Tim Oates, Cennet Oguz, Byung-Doh Oh, Atul Ojha, Manabu Okumura,Eda Okur, Hugo Oliveira, Ali Omrani, Arturo Oncevay-Marcos, Ethel Ong, Yasumasa Onoe, JuriOpitz, Shereen Oraby, Aitor Ormazabal, John Ortega, Yohei Oseki, Malte Ostendorff, Myle Ott,Zebin Ou, Zhijian Ou, Zijing Ou, Nedjma Ousidhoum, Andrew Owens

Deepak P, Juan Antonio Pérez-Ortiz, Maria Pacheco, Inkit Padhi, Vishakh Padmakumar, AlinePaes, Vardaan Pahuja, Kuntal Pal, Santanu Pal, Chester Palen-Michel, Alonso Palomino, Liang-ming Pan, Liang Pang, Yuanzhe Pang, Alexandros Papangelis, Raghavendra Pappagari, NikolaosPappas, Emerson Paraiso, Georgios Paraskevopoulos, Letitia Parcalabescu, Natalie Parde, ZaranaParekh, Cecile Paris, ChaeHun Park, Chanjun Park, Eunjeong Park, Gilchan Park, Hyunji Park,Jungsoo Park, Kunwoo Park, Youngja Park, Alicia Parrish, Md Rizwan Parvez, Alexandre Pas-sos, Ramakanth Pasunuru, Arkil Patel, Raj Patel, Sangameshwar Patil, Barun Patra, Braja Patra,Jasabanta Patro, Manasi Patwardhan, Siddharth Patwardhan, Shachi Paul, Ellie Pavlick, John Pa-vlopoulos, Pavel Pecina, Stephan Peitz, Viktor Pekar, Baolin Peng, Haoruo Peng, Siyao Peng,Xi Peng, Xutan Peng, Yifan Peng, Lis Pereira, Martin Pereira, Olatz Perez-de-Vinaspre, GabrielePergola, Jan-Thorsten Peter, Ben Peters, Matthew Peters, Pavel Petrushkov, Jonas Pfeiffer, Mi-nh Pham, Quan Pham, Van-Thuy Phi, Maciej Piasecki, Massimo Piccardi, Karl Pichotta, MatúšPikuliak, Tiago Pimentel, Aidan Pine, Juan Pino, Yuval Pinter, Tommi Pirinen, Rajesh Piryani,Nikiforos Pittaras, Lidia Pivovarova, Benjamin Piwowarski, Brian Plüss, Peter Plantinga, BryanPlummer, Lahari Poddar, Massimo Poesio, Heather Pon-Barry, Martin Popel, Octavian Popescu,Andrei Popescu-Belis, Ian Porada, Matt Post, Martin Potthast, Christopher Potts, Amir PouranBen Veyseh, Aniket Pramanick, Jakob Prange, Animesh Prasad, Archiki Prasad, Adithya Pratapa,Judita Preiss, Luigi Procopio, Victor Prokhorov, Prokopis Prokopidis, Haritz Puerto, Jay Pujara,Rajkumar Pujari, Hemant Purohit, Matthew Purver

Ehsan Qasemi, Fanchao Qi, Jianzhong Qi, Peng Qi, Tao Qi, Dong Qian, Jing Qian, Kun Qian,Yujie Qian, Bowen Qin, Lianhui Qin, Libo Qin, Wenda Qin, Yujia Qin, Long Qiu, Xipeng Qiu,Yunqi Qiu, Zimeng Qiu, Chen Qu, Xiaoye Qu

Andreas Rücklé, Ella Rabinovich, Gorjan Radevski, Alessandro Raganato, Ash Rahimi, HosseinRajaby Faghihi, Sara Rajaee, Dheeraj Rajagopal, Sanguthevar Rajasekaran, Pavithra Rajendran,Geetanjali Rakshit, Dhananjay Ram, Ori Ram, Owen Rambow, Abhinav Ramesh Kashyap, AlanRamponi, Gabriela Ramírez de la Rosa, Tharindu Ranasinghe, Sudarshan Rangarajan, Priya Rani,Peter Rankel, Dongning Rao, Jinfeng Rao, Sudha Rao, Ahmad Rashid, Hannah Rashkin, VikasRaunak, Shauli Ravfogel, Vinit Ravishankar, Anirudh Ravula, Baishakhi Ray, Soumya Ray, JuliaRayz, Traian Rebedea, Sravana Reddy, Brian Reese, Marek Rei, Nils Reimers, Navid Rekabsaz,Da Ren, Feiliang Ren, Feiliang Ren, Pengjie Ren, Ruiyang Ren, Shuhuai Ren, Shuo Ren, XiangRen, Xingzhang Ren, Zhaochun Ren, Adithya Renduchintala, Robert Reynolds, Mehdi Rezagho-lizadeh, Rezvaneh Rezapour, Saed Rezayi, Yoo Rhee Oh, Maksim Riabinin, Leonardo Ribeiro,Marco Tulio Ribeiro, Caitlin Richter, Sebastian Riedel, Mark Riedl, Stefan Riezler, German Ri-gau, Matiss Rikters, Darcey Riley, Annette Rios, Anthony Rios, Miguel Rios Gaona, Elijah Rip-peth, Brian Roark, Kirk Roberts, Christophe Rodrigues, Paul Rodrigues, Juan Rodriguez, MelissaRoemmele, Paul Roit, Lina Rojas-Barahona, Stephen Roller, Alexey Romanov, Salvatore Romeo,Subendhu Rongali, Weng Rongxiang, Michael Roth, Bryan Routledge, Subhro Roy, Sharod RoyChoudhury, Jos Rozen, Alla Rozovskaya, Dongyu Ru, Raphael Rubino, Sebastian Ruder, KoustavRudra, Frank Rudzicz, Federico Ruggeri, Josef Ruppenhofer, Thomas Ruprecht, Alexander Rush,Phillip Rust, Piotr Rybak, Maria Ryskina

Masoud Sabet, Ashish Sabharwal, Mrinmaya Sachan, Fatiha Sadat, Arka Sadhu, Niloofar SafiSamghabadi, Benoît Sagot, Monjoy Saha, Swarnadeep Saha, Tulika Saha, Saurav Sahay, Gaurav

xix

Sahu, Hassan Sajjad, Keisuke Sakaguchi, Hiroki Sakaji, Sakriani Sakti, Jonne Saleva, AvneeshSaluja, Bidisha Samanta, Tanja Samardzic, Younes Samih, Shailaja Keyur Sampat, David Sam-uel, Abhilasha Sancheti, Vicente Sanchez Carmona, Erik Sang, Chinnadhurai Sankar, SashankSanthanam, Marina Santini, Bishal Santra, Maarten Sap, Naomi Saphra, Maya Sappelli, SujoySarkar, Sheikh Muhammad Sarwar, Giorgio Satta, Danielle Saunders, Beatrice Savoldi, RamitSawhney, Apoorv Saxena, Bianca Scarlini, Shigehiko Schamoni, Yves Scherrer, Timo Schick,Frank Schilder, Viktor Schlegel, Helmut Schmid, Tyler Schnoebelen, Steven Schockaert, ClaudiaSchulz, Elliot Schumacher, Anne-Kathrin Schumann, Tal Schuster, Robert Schwarzenberg, StefanSchweter, Djamé Seddah, João Sedoc, Amit Seker, Thibault Sellam, David Semedo, NasredineSemmar, Indira Sen, Lütfi Kerem Senel, Minjoon Seo, Yeon Seonwoo, Prashant Serai, Sofia Ser-rano, Christophe Servan, Karin Sevegnani, Silvia Severini, Lei Sha, Izhak Shafran, Samira Shaikh,Cory Shain, Igor Shalyminov, Zain Shamsi, Chao Shang, Guokan Shang, Mingyue Shang, ChenzeShao, Nan Shao, Yutong Shao, Zhihong Shao, Ori Shapira, Matthew Shardlow, Ehsan Shareghi,Arpit Sharma, Ashish Sharma, Vasu Sharma, Serge Sharoff, Rebecca Sharp, Hassan Shavarani,Peter Shaw, Shahin Shayandeh, Ravi Shekhar, Artem Shelmanov, Aili Shen, Hua Shen, JiamingShen, Lei Shen, Qinlan Shen, Sheng Shen, Shiqi Shen, Tao Shen, Xiaoyu Shen, Yikang Shen,Yongliang Shen, Emily Sheng, Qiang Sheng, Thomas Sherborne, Chen Shi, Freda Shi, JiatongShi, Jiaxin Shi, Ning Shi, Peng Shi, Shuming Shi, Weijia Shi, Weiyan Shi, Xing Shi, YangyangShi, Chihiro Shibata, Takashi Shibuya, Anastasia Shimorina, Jamin Shin, Kazutoshi Shinoda, KeijiShinzato, Yow-Ting Shiue, Segev Shlomov, Eyal Shnarch, Abu Awal Md Shoeb, Ritvik Shriva-stava, Kai Shu, Lei Shu, Raphael Shu, Kurt Shuster, Vered Shwartz, Chenglei Si, Mei Si, A.b.Siddique, Carina Silberer, Miikka Silfverberg, Fabrizio Silvestri, Kathleen Siminyu, Dan Simon-son, Edwin Simpson, Arabella Sinclair, Chandan Singh, Kuldeep Singh, Mayank Singh, KaranSingla, Koustuv Sinha, Kairit Sirts, Amy Siu, Milena Slavcheva, Noam Slonim, David Smith,Marco Sobrevilla Cabezudo, Hyun-Je Song, Kai Song, Kaiqiang Song, Linfeng Song, Linqi Song,Mingyang Song, Siqi Song, Wei Song, Xingyi Song, Sandeep Soni, Rishi Sonthalia, Claudia So-ria, Alexey Sorokin, Sajad Sotudeh, José Souza, Alexander Spangher, Matthias Sperber, DanielSpokoyny, Balaji Vasan Srinivasan, Tejas Srinivasan, Edward Stabler, Felix Stahlberg, Ieva Staliu-naite, Marija Stanojevic, Katherine Stasaski, Manfred Stede, Mark Steedman, Julius Steen, ShaneSteinert-Threlkeld, Elias Stengel-Eskin, Samuel Stevens, Symon Stevens-Guille, Mark Stevenson,Ian Stewart, Matthew Stone, Kevin Stowe, Kristina Striegnitz, Nikolaos Stylianou, Dan Su, ShengSu, Weifeng Su, Yixuan Su, Yu Su, Nishant Subramani, Katsuhito Sudoh, Hiroaki Sugiyama, Ka-zunari Sugiyama, Alessandro Suglia, Yoshihiko Suhara, Dianbo Sui, Zhifang Sui, Changzhi Sun,Chengjie Sun, Haipeng Sun, Huan Sun, Jian Sun, Kai Sun, Kai Sun, Ming Sun, Simeng Sun, SiqiSun, Tianxiang Sun, Xiaobing Sun, Yibo Sun, Yu Sun, Zequn Sun, Zhiqing Sun, Dhanasekar Sun-dararaman, Yun-Hsuan Sung, Hanna Suominen, Anshuman Suri, Simon Suster, Mirac Suzgun,Sandesh Swamy, Reid Swanson, Swabha Swayamdipta, Benjamin Sznajder, Stan Szpakowicz,Gözde Sahin

Ryuki Tachibana, Oyvind Tafjord, Chang-Yu Tai, Hagai Taitelbaum, Hiroya Takamura, Sho Taka-se, Ece Takmaz, Derek Tam, Ronen Tamari, Fabio Tamburini, Akihiro Tamura, Chuanqi Tan, FeiTan, Liling Tan, Samson Tan, Xu Tan, Kumiko Tanaka-Ishii, Hao Tang, Jiliang Tang, Liyan Tang,Raphael Tang, Shuai Tang, Siliang Tang, Yi-Kun Tang, Zhiwen Tang, Chongyang Tao, Shiva Tasli-mipoor, Yuka Tateisi, Marta Tatu, Hillel Taub-Tabib, Stephen Taylor, Selma Tekir, Serra Tekiroglu,Irina Temnikova, Zhiyang Teng, Ian Tenney, Maartje Ter Hoeve, Hiroki Teranishi, Hrishikesh Ter-dalkar, Silvia Terragni, Alberto Testoni, Simone Teufel, Nithum Thain, Ashish Thapliyal, Moka-narangan Thayaparan, Stephen Thomas, Jesse Thomason, Sam Thomson, Camilo Thorne, JamesThorne, Chunwei Tian, Junfeng Tian, Ran Tian, Yingtao Tian, Zhiliang Tian, Jörg Tiedemann,Tiago Timponi Torrent, Evgeniia Tokarchuk, Ryoko Tokuhisa, Nadi Tomeh, Nicholas Tomlin, Sa-ra Tonelli, Mariya Toneva, Kentaro Torisawa, Juan-Manuel Torres-Moreno, Samia Touileb, JulienTourille, Khanh Tran, Thy Tran, Marcos Treviso, Enrica Troiano, Adam Tsakalidis, Bo-Hsiang

xx

Tseng, Yuen-Hsien Tseng, Masaaki Tsuchida, Yoshimasa Tsuruoka, Mei Tu, Zhaopeng Tu, Nico-las Turenne, Martin Tutek, Francis Tyers

Ana Uban, Takuma Udagawa, Dennis Ulmer, Shyam Upadhyay, Tanguy Urvoy

Raúl Vázquez, Sowmya Vajjala, Josef Valvoda, Jannis Vamvas, Tim Van de Cruys, Vincent Vande-ghinste, Lucy Vanderwende, David Vandyke, Natalia Vanetik, Daniel Varab, Siddharth Vashishtha,Julien Velcin, Sriram Venkatapathy, Suzan Verberne, Gaurav Verma, Rakesh Verma, Giorgos Ver-nikos, Prashanth Vijayaraghavan, David Vilar, Jesús Vilares, Martin Villalba, Veronika Vincze,Krishnapriya Vishnubhotla, Rob Voigt, Elena Voita, Pooja Voladoddi, Soroush Vosoughi, Son Vu,Thang Vu, Thuy-Trang Vu, Tu Vu, Yogarshi Vyas, Carel van Niekerk, Rik van Noord, Jan-Willemvan de Meent

Henning Wachsmuth, Takashi Wada, David Wadden, Sabine Walde, Andreas Waldis, MengtingWan, Mingyu Wan, Yao Wan, Yu Wan, Alex Wang, B in Wang, Bailin Wang, Baoxin Wang, Bao-xun Wang, Bingqing Wang, Boxin Wang, Chenguang Wang, Chengyu Wang, Cunxiang Wang,Daling Wang, Fei Wang, Guangrun Wang, Guoxin Wang, Guoyin Wang, Hai Wang, Han Wang,Hanrui Wang, Hao Wang, Haoyu Wang, Haoyu Wang, Hong Wang, Hongfei Wang, Hua Wang, JinWang, Jin Wang, Jingang Wang, Jue Wang, Lei Wang, Liang Wang, Lidan Wang, Lingzhi Wang,Mengxiang Wang, Ping Wang, Qiang Wang, Qingyun Wang, Quan Wang, Rui Wang, Rui Wang,Runze Wang, Shaonan Wang, Shi Wang, Shuo Wang, Shuohang Wang, Sinong Wang, SiyuanWang, Tong Wang, Tong Wang, Wei Wang, Weiyue Wang, Wenhui Wang, Wenya Wang, Xiao-jie Wang, Xiaolin Wang, Xiaorui Wang, Xin Wang, Xing Wang, Xintong Wang, Xinyiw Wang,Xuezhi Wang, Yan Wang, Yaqing Wang, Yaqing Wang, Ye Wang, Yequan Wang, Yifei Wang,Yijue Wang, Yingyao Wang, Yiran Wang, Yizhong Wang, Yue Wang, Yue Wang, Yufei Wang, Yu-jing Wang, Zekun Wang, Zhefeng Wang, Zhen Wang, Zhenyi Wang, Zhichun Wang, ZhongqingWang, Zijian Wang, Zirui Wang, Wei Wang., Nigel Ward, Alex Warstadt, Christian Wartena, Ko-ki Washio, Ingmar Weber, Leon Weber, Albert Webson, Jason Wei, Junqiu Wei, Penghui Wei,Wei Wei, Xiangpeng Wei, Shira Wein, Nathaniel Weir, Ralph Weischedel, Charles Welch, OrionWeller, Haoyang Wen, Lijie Wen, Peter West, Taesun Whang, Michael Wiegand, Sarah Wiegref-fe, Adam Wiemerslage, Derry Wijaya, Gijs Wijnholds, Jake Williams, Jennifer Williams, StevenWilson, Genta Winata, Shuly Wintner, Sam Wiseman, Guillaume Wisniewski, Tomer Wolfson,Derek Wong, Tak-Lam Wong, Bobby Wu, Bowen Wu, Chien-Sheng Wu, Chuhan Wu, FangzhaoWu, Felix Wu, Jian Wu, Junshuang Wu, Lianwei Wu, Qianhui Wu, Qingyang Wu, Shuangzhi Wu,Sixing Wu, Stephen Wu, Wei Wu, Wenhao Wu, Xianchao Wu, Xiaobao Wu, Xixin Wu, Yanan Wu,Yiquan Wu, Yu Wu, Yuanbin Wu, Yunfang Wu, Yuting Wu, Yuxiang Wu, Zeqiu Wu, ZhanghaoWu, Zhengxuan Wu, Zhiyong Wu, Zhonghai Wu

Ai Xi, Congying Xia, Jingbo Xia, Patrick Xia, Qingrong Xia, Rui Xia, Yandi Xia, Yikun Xian,Jiannan Xiang, Rong Xiang, Bo Xiao, Chaojun Xiao, Chunyang Xiao, Jinghui Xiao, Lin Xiao,Liqiang Xiao, Min Xiao, Wen Xiao, Yanghua Xiao, Jun Xie, Qianqian Xie, Ruobing Xie, TianbaoXie, Yuqiang Xie, Linzi Xing, Wenhan Xiong, Benfeng Xu, Boyan Xu, Can Xu, Canwen Xu,Chen Xu, Frank Xu, Jia Xu, Jiacheng Xu, Jing Xu, Jingjing Xu, Jitao Xu, Jun Xu, Kun Xu, KunXu, Lin Xu, Liyan Xu, Peng Xu, Peng Xu, Qiantong Xu, Qiongkai Xu, Ruifeng Xu, Runxin Xu,Ruochen Xu, Shusheng Xu, Wang Xu, Weijia Xu, Weiran Xu, Wenduan Xu, Xinnuo Xu, Yan Xu,Yige Xu, Yumo Xu, Zenglin Xu, Zhen Xu, Zhiyang Xu

Mohit Yadav, Prateek Yadav, Yadollah Yaghoobzadeh, Ivan Yamshchikov, An Yan, Jun Yan, RuiYan, Xu Yan, Yu Yan, Yuanmeng Yan, Baosong Yang, Changbing Yang, Fan Yang, Haiqin Yang,Jingfeng Yang, Jun Yang, Junjie Yang, Liner Yang, Linyi Yang, Min Yang, Ruosong Yang, SenYang, Songlin Yang, Tsung-Yen Yang, Wei Yang, Wenmian Yang, Xiaoyu Yang, Yilin Yang, Yin-

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fei Yang, Yujiu Yang, Zhao Yang, Zhen Yang, Zhixian Yang, Ziyi Yang, Huaxiu Yao, Jianmin Yao,Liang Yao, Liang Yao, Shunyu Yao, Wenlin Yao, Ziyu Yao, Mark Yatskar, Deming Ye, QinyuanYe, Wei Ye, Xi Ye, Reyyan Yeniterzi, Jinyoung Yeo, Xiaoyuan Yi, Olcay Yildiz, Wen-wai Yim,Seid Yimam, Da Yin, Fan Yin, Jian Yin, Kayo Yin, Pengcheng Yin, Qingyu Yin, Wenpeng Yin,Yichun Yin, Michael Yoder, Sho Yokoi, Wang Yong, Jin Yong Yoo, Kang Min Yoo, Hiyori Yo-shikawa, Weiqiu You, Steve Young, Bei Yu, Bowen Yu, Changlong Yu, Chen Yu, Dian Yu, DianYu, Dong Yu, Donghan Yu, Heng Yu, Juntao Yu, Liang-Chih Yu, Seunghak Yu, Sicheng Yu, TaoYu, Wenhao Yu, Xiaodong Yu, Yue Yu, Zhang Yu, Zhiwei Yu, Caixia Yuan, David Yuan, JianhuaYuan, Nicholas Jing Yuan, Weizhe Yuan, Xiang Yue, Hyokun Yun

Matrix Z, Wajdi Zaghouani, Hamada Zahera, Hamed Zamani, Sina Zarrieß, Rabih Zbib, AlbinZehe, Rowan Zellers, Yury Zemlyanskiy, Daojian Zeng, Jiali Zeng, Jichuan Zeng, Qi Zeng, Qin-gkai Zeng, Shuang Zeng, Weixin Zeng, Xingshan Zeng, Zhiyuan Zeng, Deniz Zeyrek, HanwenZha, Fangzhou Zhai, Haolan Zhan, Bowen Zhang, Chao Zhang, Chen Zhang, Chen Zhang, ChiyuZhang, Chuheng Zhang, Danqing Zhang, Dejiao Zhang, Denghui Zhang, Dong Zhang, DongdongZhang, Guanhua Zhang, Haibo Zhang, Haisong Zhang, Hanlei Zhang, Hanlin Zhang, Hao Zhang,Haoyu Zhang, Hongming Zhang, Huijun Zhang, Jiajun Zhang, Jianguo Zhang, Jiayao Zhang,Jingqing Zhang, Ke Zhang, Kun Zhang, Lei Zhang, Lei Zhang, Licheng Zhang, Liwen Zhang,Longyin Zhang, Meishan Zhang, Meng Zhang, Michael Zhang, Mike Zhang, Min Zhang, Nin-gyu Zhang, Peng Zhang, Qi Zhang, Qiang Zhang, Richong Zhang, Ruixiang Zhang, Ruiyi Zhang,Sheng Zhang, Shiyue Zhang, Shujian Zhang, Shuo Zhang, Songyang Zhang, Tianlin Zhang, Tia-nyun Zhang, Tong Zhang, Tongtao Zhang, Wei Emma Zhang, Wen Zhang, Xiang Zhang, XiaoZhang, Xiaotong Zhang, Xiaoying Zhang, Xinliang Frederick Zhang, Xinsong Zhang, XinyuanZhang, Xuan Zhang, Xuanyu Zhang, Xuchao Zhang, Yan Zhang, Yan Zhang, Yao Zhang, Yi-chi Zhang, Yu Zhang, Yuan Zhang, Yuanzhe Zhang, Yuhui Zhang, Yunyan Zhang, Yunyi Zhang,Yuqi Zhang, Zeyu Zhang, Zheng Zhang, Zhengyan Zhang, Zhirui Zhang, Zhisong Zhang, ZhiweiZhang, Zhong Zhang, Zhuosheng Zhang, Ziqi Zhang, Chao Zhao, Chen Zhao, Dongyan Zhao,Guangxiang Zhao, Jie Zhao, Jieyu Zhao, Kai Zhao, Mengjie Zhao, Sanqiang Zhao, TianchengZhao, Tianyu Zhao, Tuo Zhao, Yang Zhao, Yao Zhao, Yilun Zhao, Zhenjie Zhao, Bo Zheng,Changmeng Zheng, Chujie Zheng, Renjie Zheng, Xiaoqing Zheng, Yinhe Zheng, Zaixiang Zheng,Ming Zhong, Peixiang Zhong, Victor Zhong, Wanjun Zhong, Zexuan Zhong, Ben Zhou, ChuntingZhou, Deyu Zhou, Dong Zhou, Giulio Zhou, Guangyou Zhou, Jiawei Zhou, Jie Zhou, Jie Zhou,Jingbo Zhou, Junpei Zhou, Li Zhou, Long Zhou, Pei Zhou, Qingyu Zhou, Wangchunshu Zhou,Wenxuan Zhou, Xiang Zhou, Xiangyang Zhou, Xuhui Zhou, Yaqian Zhou, Yi Zhou, Yichu Zhou,Yilun Zhou, Yucheng Zhou, Zhengyu Zhou, Zhihan Zhou, Zhixuan Zhou, Conghui Zhu, Hao Zhu,Jian Zhu, Junnan Zhu, Kenny Zhu, Ligeng Zhu, Lixing Zhu, Muhua Zhu, Qingfu Zhu, QinglinZhu, Su Zhu, Wei Zhu, Xiaofeng Zhu, Yilun Zhu, Yong Zhu, Yutao Zhu, Zining Zhu, FuzhenZhuang, Yimeng Zhuang, Caleb Ziems, Roger Zimmermann, Ayah Zirikly, Yftah Ziser, Shi Zong,Bowei Zou, Amal Zouaq, Arkaitz Zubiaga, Pierre Zweigenbaum

Emergency Reviewers

Sweta Agrawal, Hend Al-Khalifa, Tariq Alhindi, Xiang Ao, Ignacio Arroyo-Fernández, Elefthe-rios Avramidis

Fan Bai, Niranjan Balasubramanian, Daniel Bauer, Adrian Benton, Yonatan Bisk, Logan Born,Piyush Borole, Nadjet Bouayad-Agha, Florian Boudin, Stephanie Brandl, Chris Brew, EleftheriaBriakou, Joan Byamugisha

Rémi Cardon, Khyathi Chandu, Guanhua Chen, Hanjie Chen, Hong Chen, Lei Chen, Qian Chen,

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Wang Chen, Zifeng Cheng, Ethan Chi, Yew Ken Chia, Prafulla Kumar Choubey

Brian Davis, Xiang Deng, Aleksandr Drozd

Dylan Ebert, Micha Elsner

Martin Fajcík, Amir Feder, Xiaocheng Feng, Javier Ferrando, Francis Ferraro, Simone Filice,Lea Frermann, Xingyu Fu

Jana Götze, Yang Gao, Deepanway Ghosal, Sucheta Ghosh, Daniel Gildea, Goran Glavaš, SamuelGonzalez-Lopez, Yulia Grishina, Jing Gu, Jiaqi Guo, Yinpeng Guo

David Hall, Rujun Han, Taiqi He, Ryuichiro Higashinaka, Mark Hopkins, Benjamin Hsu, WeiHu, Danqing Huang, Chia-Chien Hung, Dieuwke Hupkes

Mert Inan

Sujay Kumar Jauhar, Tommi Jauhiainen, Lifeng Jin, Dhanya Jothimani

Mladen Karan, Börje Karlsson, Yafeng Ken, Ekaterina Kochmar, Yuta Koreeda, Udo Kruschwitz

Yash Kumar Lal, Wai Lam, Wuwei Lan, Md Tahmid Rahman Laskar, Brian Lester, Ashley Lewis,Mike Lewis, Dingcheng Li, Dongfang Li, Jingjing Li, Liangyou Li, Manling Li, Yuliang Li, LiziLiao, Robert Litschko, Lemao Liu, Yang Janet Liu, Yuang Liu, Zhenghao Liu, Zihan Liu, AdrianPastor Lopez Monroy, Yu Lu, Yujie Lu, Xin Lv, Qing Lyu

Carlos-Francisco Méndez-Cruz, Manuel Mager, Suchismit Mahapatra, Rathnakara Malatesha, EvaMartínez Garcia, Shikib Mehri, Nikhil Mehta, Hongyuan Mei, Victor Mijangos, Sewon Min, XuMingzhou, Sabino Miranda, Teruko Mitamura, Ashutosh Modi, Aditya Mogadala, Mohamed Mor-chid, Lili Mou, Xiangyang Mou

Suraj Nair, Roberto Navigli, Mariana Neves, Andreas Niekler

Byung-Doh Oh, Ethel Ong, Aitor Ormazabal, Zebin Ou

Maria Pacheco, Vardaan Pahuja, Alonso Palomino, Zarana Parekh, Ellie Pavlick, Jonas Pfeiffer,Van-Thuy Phi, Lidia Pivovarova, Christopher Potts

Dong Qian

Gorjan Radevski, Abhinav Ramesh Kashyap, Dongning Rao, Sebastian Riedel, Elijah Rippeth,Brian Roark, Kirk Roberts, Sharod Roy Choudhury, Alexander Rush

Monjoy Saha, Abhilasha Sancheti, Shahin Shayandeh, Yangyang Shi, Yow-Ting Shiue, SegevShlomov, Fabrizio Silvestri, Linfeng Song, Linqi Song, Marija Stanojevic, Samuel Stevens, Sy-mon Stevens-Guille, Huan Sun, Jian Sun, Jian Sun

Zeerak Tala, Liyan Tang, Chunwei Tian, Khanh Tran

Tanguy Urvoy

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Siyuan Wang, Ye Wang, Yue Wang, Zhen Wang, Christian Wartena, Guillaume Wisniewski, JianWu, Qingyang Wu, Xixin Wu, Zhengxuan Wu

Weijia Xu, Wenduan Xu, Yan Xu

Yadollah Yaghoobzadeh, Jun Yang, Linyi Yang, Jin-Ge Yao, Wenlin Yao, Wenpeng Yin, BowenYu, Weizhe Yuan

Guanhua Zhang, Jiayao Zhang, Qiang Zhang, Xiang Zhang, Xiaoying Zhang, Yichi Zhang, ZeyuZhang, Zhixuan Zhou, Shi Zong

Outstanding Action Editors

Marianna Apidianaki, Mikel Artetxe, Timothy Baldwin, Yonatan Bisk, Chloe Braud, Elena Ca-brio, John Conroy, Raj Dabre, Li Dong, Zhe Gan, Kokil Jaidka, Hyeju Jang, Ekaterina Kochmar,Maria Liakata, Margot Mieskes, Maciej Ogrodniczuk, Miles Osborne, Ankur Parikh, EdoardoPonti, Daniel Preotiuc-Pietro, Ganesh Ramakrishnan, Alla Rozovskaya, Diarmuid Séaghdha, Na-than Schneider, Emma Strubell, Sara Stymne, Trang Tran, Byron Wallace, Longyue Wang, XinWang, Tong Xiao, François Yvon, Michael Zock

Outstanding Reviewers

Ken Barker, Luisa Bentivogli, Eleftheria Briakou, Jose Camacho-Collados, Yu Cao, Dallas Card,Serina Chang, Christos Christodoulopoulos, Christopher Clark, Trevor Cohen, Pierre Colombo,Simone Conia, Siddharth Dalmia, Verna Dankers, David Demeter, Yang Deng, Yuntian Deng,Neele Falk, Tobias Falke, Elisa Ferracane, Dayne Freitag, Saadia Gabriel, Jie Gao, Philip Gorin-ski, Kartik Goyal, Tanya Goyal, Rahul Gupta, Abram Handler, Tommi Jauhiainen, Jad Kabbara,Brendan Kennedy, Johannes Kiesel, Rebecca Knowles, Yuta Koreeda, Reno Kriz, Matthew Lease,Andrew Lee, Kyle Lo, Benjamin Marie, Lara Martin, Nikhil Mehta, Clara Meister, Donald Metz-ler, Paul Michel, Tristan Miller, Do June Min, Aida Mostafazadeh Davani, Aaron Mueller, DenisNewman-Griffis, Michal Novák, Deepak P, Ellie Pavlick, Jan-Thorsten Peter, Aniket Pramani-ck, Ella Rabinovich, Sudarshan Rangarajan, Sudha Rao, Hannah Rashkin, Darcey Riley, BrianRoark, Melissa Roemmele, Paul Roit, Yves Scherrer, Lütfi Kerem Senel, Sofia Serrano, QiangSheng, Yow-Ting Shiue, Dan Simonson, Arabella Sinclair, Elias Stengel-Eskin, Amanda Stent,Ian Stewart, Stan Szpakowicz, Liling Tan, Daniel Varab, B in Wang, Tomer Wolfson, Junjie Yang,Albin Zehe, Longyin Zhang, Xinliang Frederick Zhang

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Table of Contents

PubHealthTab: A Public Health Table-based Dataset for Evidence-based Fact CheckingMubashara Akhtar, Oana Cocarascu and Elena Simperl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Masked Measurement Prediction: Learning to Jointly Predict Quantities and Units from Textual Con-text

Daniel Spokoyny, Ivan Lee, Zhao Jin and Taylor Berg-Kirkpatrick . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

PromptGen: Automatically Generate Prompts using Generative ModelsYue Zhang, Hongliang Fei, Dingcheng Li and Ping Li . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

Improving Conversational Recommendation Systems’ Quality with Context-Aware Item Meta-InformationBowen Yang, Cong Han, Yu Li, Lei Zuo and Zhou Yu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

SEQZERO: Few-shot Compositional Semantic Parsing with Sequential Prompts and Zero-shot ModelsJingfeng Yang, Haoming Jiang, Qingyu Yin, Danqing Zhang, Bing Yin and Diyi Yang . . . . . . . 49

MultiVerS: Improving scientific claim verification with weak supervision and full-document contextDavid Wadden, Kyle Lo, Lucy Lu Wang, Arman Cohan, Iz Beltagy and Hannaneh Hajishirzi . 61

An Item Response Theory Framework for PersuasionAnastassia Kornilova, Vladimir Eidelman and Daniel Douglass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

Self-Supervised Contrastive Learning with Adversarial Perturbations for Defending Word Substitution-based Attacks

Zhao Meng, Yihan Dong, Mrinmaya Sachan and Roger Wattenhofer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87

Quiz Design Task: Helping Teachers Create Quizzes with Automated Question GenerationPhilippe Laban, Chien-Sheng Wu, Lidiya Murakhovs’ka, Wenhao Liu and Caiming Xiong . . 102

In-BoXBART: Get Instructions into Biomedical Multi-Task LearningMihir Parmar, Swaroop Mishra, Mirali Purohit, Man Luo, Murad Mohammad and Chitta Baral

112

How to Translate Your Samples and Choose Your Shots? Analyzing Translate-train & Few-shot Cross-lingual Transfer

Iman Jundi and Gabriella Lapesa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129

Multi-Hop Open-Domain Question Answering over Structured and Unstructured KnowledgeYue Feng, Zhen Han, Mingming Sun and Ping Li. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .151

FedNLP: Benchmarking Federated Learning Methods for Natural Language Processing TasksBill Yuchen Lin, Chaoyang He, Zihang Ze, Hulin Wang, Yufen Hua, Christophe Dupuy, Rahul

Gupta, Mahdi Soltanolkotabi, Xiang Ren and Salman Avestimehr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157

SemAttack: Natural Textual Attacks via Different Semantic SpacesBoxin Wang, Chejian Xu, Xiangyu Liu, Yu Cheng and Bo Li . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176

Lacuna Reconstruction: Self-Supervised Pre-Training for Low-Resource Historical Document Tran-scription

Nikolai Vogler, Jonathan Allen, Matthew Miller and Taylor Berg-Kirkpatrick . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206

FreeTransfer-X: Safe and Label-Free Cross-Lingual Transfer from Off-the-Shelf ModelsYinpeng Guo, Liangyou Li, Xin Jiang and Qun Liu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217

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Opportunities for Human-centered Evaluation of Machine Translation SystemsDaniel J. Liebling, Katherine A Heller, Samantha Robertson and Wesley Deng . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229

Aligning Generative Language Models with Human ValuesRuibo Liu, Ge Zhang, Xinyu Feng and Soroush Vosoughi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241

PerKGQA: Question Answering over Personalized Knowledge GraphsRitam Dutt, Kasturi Bhattacharjee, Rashmi Gangadharaiah, Dan Roth and Carolyn Rose . . . . 253

Zero-shot Cross-lingual Conversational Semantic Role LabelingHan Wu, Haochen Tan, Kun Xu, Shuqi Liu, Lianwei Wu and Linqi Song . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269

A Framework to Generate High-Quality Datapoints for Multiple Novel Intent DetectionAnkan Mullick, Sukannya Purkayastha, Pawan Goyal and Niloy Ganguly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 282

Design Challenges for a Multi-Perspective Search EngineSihao Chen, Siyi Liu, Xander Uyttendaele, Yi Zhang, William Bruno and Dan Roth . . . . . . . . 293

Exploring the Value of Multi-View Learning for Session-Aware Query RepresentationDiego Ortiz, Jose G Moreno, Gilles Hubert, Karen Pinel-Sauvagnat and Lynda Tamine Tamine

304

Hierarchical Relation-Guided Type-Sentence Alignment for Long-Tail Relation Extraction with DistantSupervision

Yang Li, Guodong Long, Tao Shen and Jing Jiang . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316

PCEE-BERT: Accelerating BERT Inference via Patient and Confident Early ExitingZhen Zhang, Wei Zhu, Jinfan Zhang, Peng Wang, Rize Jin and Tae-Sun Chung . . . . . . . . . . . . . 327

Learning to repair: Repairing model output errors after deployment using a dynamic memory of feed-back

Niket Tandon, Aman Madaan, Peter Clark and Yiming Yang . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 339

One Size Does Not Fit All: The Case for Personalised Word Complexity ModelsSian Gooding and Manuel Tragut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 353

TEAM: A multitask learning based Taxonomy Expansion approach for Attach and MergeBornali Phukon, Anasua Mitra, Ranbir Singh Sanasam and Priyankoo Sarmah . . . . . . . . . . . . . 366

Extracting Temporal Event Relation with Syntax-guided Graph TransformerShuaicheng Zhang, Qiang Ning and Lifu Huang . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 379

From Cognitive to Computational Modeling: Text-based Risky Decision-Making Guided by Fuzzy Tra-ce Theory

Jaron Mar and Jiamou Liu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 391

Few-Shot Self-Rationalization with Natural Language PromptsAna Marasovic, Iz Beltagy, Doug Downey and Matthew E Peters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 410

DOCmT5: Document-Level Pretraining of Multilingual Language ModelsChia-Hsuan Lee, Aditya Siddhant, Viresh Ratnakar and Melvin Johnson . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 425

Literature-Augmented Clinical Outcome PredictionAakanksha Naik, Sravanthi Parasa, Sergey Feldman, Lucy Lu Wang and Tom Hope . . . . . . . . 438

Improving Few-Shot Relation Classification by Prototypical Representation Learning with DefinitionText

Li Zhenzhen, Yuyang Zhang, Jian-Yun Nie and Dongsheng Li . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 454

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Entailment Tree Explanations via Iterative Retrieval-Generation ReasonerDanilo Neves Ribeiro, Shen Wang, Xiaofei Ma, Rui Dong, Xiaokai Wei, Henghui Zhu, Xinchi

Chen, Peng Xu, Zhiheng Huang, Andrew Arnold and Dan Roth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 465

Multimodal Intent Discovery from Livestream VideosAdyasha Maharana, Quan Hung Tran, Franck Dernoncourt, Seunghyun Yoon, Trung Bui, Walter

W Chang and Mohit Bansal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 476

A Question-Answer Driven Approach to Reveal Affirmative Interpretations from Verbal NegationsMd Mosharaf Hossain, Luke Holman, Anusha Kakileti, Tiffany Iris Kao, Nathan Raul Brito,

Aaron Abraham Mathews and Eduardo Blanco . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 490

Harmless Transfer Learning for Item EmbeddingsChengyue Gong, Xiaocong Du, Dhruv Choudhary, Bhargav Bhushanam, Qiang Liu and Arun

Kejariwal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .504

Fine-grained Image Captioning with CLIP RewardJaemin Cho, Seunghyun Yoon, Ajinkya Kale, Franck Dernoncourt, Trung Bui and Mohit Bansal

517

Improving the Faithfulness of Abstractive Summarization via Entity Coverage ControlHaopeng Zhang, Semih Yavuz, Wojciech Maciej Kryscinski, Kazuma Hashimoto and Yingbo

Zhou . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 528

Modeling Ideological Salience and Framing in Polarized Online Groups with Graph Neural Networksand Structured Sparsity

Valentin Hofmann, Xiaowen Dong, Janet B. Pierrehumbert and Hinrich Schuetze . . . . . . . . . . .536

On Measuring Social Biases in Prompt-Based Multi-Task LearningAfra Feyza Akyürek, Sejin Paik, Muhammed Yusuf Kocyigit, Seda Akbiyik, Serife Leman Ru-

nyun and Derry Wijaya . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 551

Anti-Overestimation Dialogue Policy Learning for Task-Completion Dialogue SystemChang Tian, Wenpeng Yin and Marie-Francine Moens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 565

Penn-Helsinki Parsed Corpus of Early Modern English: First Parsing Results and AnalysisSeth Kulick, Neville Ryant and Beatrice Santorini . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 578

Instilling Type Knowledge in Language Models via Multi-Task QAShuyang Li, Mukund Sridhar, Chandana Satya Prakash, Jin Cao, Wael Hamza and Julian McAuley

594

StATIK: Structure and Text for Inductive Knowledge Graph CompletionElan Sopher Markowitz, Keshav Balasubramanian, Mehrnoosh Mirtaheri, Murali Annavaram,

Aram Galstyan and Greg Ver Steeg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 604

CoCoA-MT: A Dataset and Benchmark for Contrastive Controlled MT with Application to FormalityMaria Nadejde, Anna Currey, Benjamin Hsu, Xing Niu, Marcello Federico and Georgiana Dinu

616

CLEAR: Improving Vision-Language Navigation with Cross-Lingual, Environment-Agnostic Represen-tations

Jialu Li, Hao Tan and Mohit Bansal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 633

Language Models for Code-switch Detection of te reo Maori and English in a Low-resource SettingJesin James, Vithya Yogarajan, Isabella Shields, Catherine Watson, Peter Keegan, Keoni Mahelo-

na and Peter-Lucas Jones . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 650

xxvii

Opponent Modeling in Negotiation Dialogues by Related Data AdaptationKushal Chawla, Gale Lucas, Jonathan May and Jonathan Gratch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 661

LMTurk: Few-Shot Learners as Crowdsourcing Workers in a Language-Model-as-a-Service Framewo-rk

Mengjie Zhao, Fei Mi, Yasheng Wang, Minglei Li, Xin Jiang, Qun Liu and Hinrich Schuetze 675

Entity Cloze By Date: What LMs Know About Unseen EntitiesYasumasa Onoe, Michael JQ Zhang, Eunsol Choi and Greg Durrett . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 693

Data Augmentation for Low-Resource Dialogue SummarizationYongtai Liu, Joshua Maynez, Gonçalo Simões and Shashi Narayan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 703

A Versatile Adaptive Curriculum Learning Framework for Task-oriented Dialogue Policy LearningYang Yang Zhao, Hua Qin, Wang Zhenyu, Changxi Zhu and Shihan Wang . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 711

LongT5: Efficient Text-To-Text Transformer for Long SequencesMandy Guo, Joshua Ainslie, David Uthus, Santiago Ontanon, Jianmo Ni, Yun-Hsuan Sung and

Yinfei Yang . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 724

Challenging America: Modeling language in longer time scalesJakub Pokrywka, Filip Gralinski, Krzysztof Jassem, Karol Kaczmarek, Krzysztof Jan Jurkiewicz

and Piotr Wierzchon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 737

LM-CORE: Language Models with Contextually Relevant External KnowledgeJivat Neet Kaur, Sumit Bhatia, Milan Aggarwal, Rachit Bansal and Balaji Krishnamurthy . . . 750

A Generative Language Model for Few-shot Aspect-Based Sentiment AnalysisEhsan Hosseini-Asl, Wenhao Liu and Caiming Xiong . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 770

Permutation Invariant Strategy Using Transformer Encoders for Table UnderstandingSarthak Dash, Sugato Bagchi, Nandana Mihindukulasooriya and Alfio Gliozzo . . . . . . . . . . . . . 788

MultiNERD: A Multilingual, Multi-Genre and Fine-Grained Dataset for Named Entity Recognition(and Disambiguation)

Simone Tedeschi and Roberto Navigli . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 801

Learning to Embed Multi-Modal Contexts for Situated Conversational AgentsHaeju Lee, Oh Joon Kwon, Yunseon Choi, Minho Park, Ran Han, Yoonhyung Kim, Jinhyeon

Kim, Youngjune Lee, Haebin Shin, Kangwook Lee and Kee-Eung Kim . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 813

Measuring and Improving Compositional Generalization in Text-to-SQL via Component AlignmentYujian Gan, Xinyun Chen, Qiuping Huang and Matthew Purver. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .831

Empathetic Persuasion: Reinforcing Empathy and Persuasiveness in Dialogue SystemsAzlaan Mustafa Samad, Kshitij Mishra, Mauajama Firdaus and Asif Ekbal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 844

Attention Fusion: a light yet efficient late fusion mechanism for task adaptation in NLUJin Cao, Chandana Satya Prakash and Wael Hamza . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 857

The Limits of Word Level Differential PrivacyJustus Mattern, Benjamin Weggenmann and Florian Kerschbaum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 867

Efficient Learning of Multiple NLP Tasks via Collective Weight Factorization on BERTChristos Charalampos Papadopoulos, Yannis Panagakis, Manolis Koubarakis and Mihalis Nico-

laou. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .882

xxviii

Learning Rich Representation of Keyphrases from TextMayank Kulkarni, Debanjan Mahata, Ravneet Singh Arora and Rajarshi Bhowmik . . . . . . . . . 891

Improving Contextual Representation with Gloss Regularized Pre-trainingYu Lin, Zhecheng An, Peihao Wu and Zejun MA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 907

An Information-Theoretic Approach and Dataset for Probing Gender Stereotypes in Multilingual Ma-sked Language Models

Victor Steinborn, Philipp Dufter, Haris Jabbar and Hinrich Schuetze . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 921

Self-Training with Differentiable TeacherSimiao Zuo, Yue Yu, Chen Liang, Haoming Jiang, Siawpeng Er, Chao Zhang, Tuo Zhao and

Hongyuan Zha . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 933

SHARP: Search-Based Adversarial Attack for Structured PredictionLiwen Zhang, Zixia Jia, Wenjuan Han, Zilong Zheng and Kewei Tu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 950

MM-Claims: A Dataset for Multimodal Claim Detection in Social MediaGullal Singh Cheema, Sherzod Hakimov, Abdul Sittar, Eric Müller-Budack, Christian Otto and

Ralph Ewerth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 962

QLEVR: A Diagnostic Dataset for Quantificational Language and Elementary Visual ReasoningZechen Li and Anders Søgaard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 980

MWP-BERT: Numeracy-Augmented Pre-training for Math Word Problem SolvingZhenwen Liang, Jipeng Zhang, Lei Wang, Wei Qin, Yunshi Lan, Jie Shao and Xiangliang Zhang

997

Restoring Hebrew Diacritics Without a DictionaryElazar Gershuni and Yuval Pinter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1010

Masked Summarization to Generate Factually Inconsistent Summaries for Improved Factual Consisten-cy Checking

Hwanhee Lee, Kang Min Yoo, Joonsuk Park, Hwaran Lee and Kyomin Jung . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1019

Probing the Role of Positional Information in Vision-Language ModelsPhilipp J. Rösch and Jindrich Libovický . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1031

”Diversity and Uncertainty in Moderation” are the Key to Data Selection for Multilingual Few-shotTransfer

Shanu Kumar, Sandipan Dandapat and Monojit Choudhury . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1042

A Self-supervised Joint Training Framework for Document RerankingXiaozhi Zhu, Tianyong Hao, Sijie Cheng, Fu Lee Wang and Hai Liu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1056

CODE-MVP: Learning to Represent Source Code from Multiple Views with Contrastive Pre-TrainingXin Wang, Yasheng Wang, Yao Wan, Jiawei Wang, Pingyi Zhou, Li Li, Hao Wu and Jin Liu1066

RGL: A Simple yet Effective Relation Graph Augmented Prompt-based Tuning Approach for Few-ShotLearning

Yaqing Wang, Xin Tian, Haoyi Xiong, Yueyang Li, Zeyu Chen, Sheng Guo and Dejing Dou1078

Seeing the wood for the trees: a contrastive regularization method for the low-resource KnowledgeBase Question Answering

jpliu@wtu.edu.cn jpliu@wtu.edu.cn, Shijie Mei, Xinrong Hu, Xun Yao, Jack Yang and Yi Guo1085

xxix

Phrase-level Textual Adversarial Attack with Label PreservationYibin Lei, Yu Cao, Dianqi Li, Tianyi Zhou, Meng Fang and Mykola Pechenizkiy . . . . . . . . . . 1095

Prompt Augmented Generative Replay via Supervised Contrastive Learning for Lifelong Intent Detec-tion

Vaibhav Varshney, Mayur Patidar, Rajat Kumar, Lovekesh Vig and Gautam Shroff . . . . . . . . .1113

OTExtSum: Extractive Text Summarisation with Optimal TransportPeggy Tang, Kun Hu, Rui Yan, Lei Zhang, Junbin Gao and Zhiyong Wang. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1128

Speeding Up EntmaxMaxat Tezekbayev, Vassilina Nikoulina, Matthias Gallé and Zhenisbek Assylbekov . . . . . . . 1142

Improving Code-Switching Dependency Parsing with Semi-Supervised Auxiliary TasksSaziye Betül Özates, Arzucan Özgür, Tunga Gungor and Özlem Çetinoglu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1159

Dangling-Aware Entity Alignment with Mixed High-Order ProximitiesJuncheng Liu, Zequn Sun, Bryan Hooi, Yiwei Wang, Dayiheng Liu, Baosong Yang, Xiaokui Xiao

and Muhao Chen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1172

DecBERT: Enhancing the Language Understanding of BERT with Causal Attention MasksZiyang Luo, Yadong Xi, Jing Ma, Zhiwei Yang, Xiaoxi Mao, Changjie Fan and Rongsheng Zhang

1185

Towards Computationally Feasible Deep Active LearningAkim Tsvigun, Artem Shelmanov, Gleb Kuzmin, Leonid Sanochkin, Daniil Larionov, Gleb

Gennadjevich Gusev, Manvel Avetisian and Leonid Zhukov . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1198

End-to-end Spoken Conversational Question Answering: Task, Dataset and ModelChenyu You, Nuo Chen, Fenglin Liu, Shen Ge, Xian Wu and Yuexian Zou . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1219

Retrieval-Augmented Multilingual Keyphrase Generation with Retriever-Generator Iterative TrainingYifan Gao, Qingyu Yin, Zheng li, Rui Meng, Tong Zhao, Bing Yin, Irwin King and Michael Lyu

1233

FAtNet: Cost-Effective Approach Towards Mitigating the Linguistic Bias in Speaker Verification Syste-ms

Divya V Sharma and Arun Balaji Buduru. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1247

A Survey on Stance Detection for Mis- and Disinformation IdentificationMomchil Hardalov, Arnav Arora, Preslav Nakov and Isabelle Augenstein . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1259

Syntax Controlled Knowledge Graph-to-Text Generation with Order and Semantic ConsistencyJin Liu, Chongfeng Fan, Zhou Fengyu and Huijuan Xu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1278

To Answer or Not To Answer? Improving Machine Reading Comprehension Model with Span-basedContrastive Learning

Yunjie Ji, Liangyu Chen, Chenxiao Dou, Baochang Ma and Xiangang Li . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1292

Target-Guided Dialogue Response Generation Using Commonsense and Data AugmentationPrakhar Gupta, Harsh Jhamtani and Jeffrey Bigham . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1301

BanglaBERT: Language Model Pretraining and Benchmarks for Low-Resource Language Understan-ding Evaluation in Bangla

Abhik Bhattacharjee, Tahmid Hasan, Wasi Uddin Ahmad, Kazi Samin Mubasshir, Md SaifulIslam, Anindya Iqbal, M. Sohel Rahman and Rifat Shahriyar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1318

xxx

ALLSH: Active Learning Guided by Local Sensitivity and HardnessShujian Zhang, Chengyue Gong, Xingchao Liu, Pengcheng He, Weizhu Chen and Mingyuan

Zhou. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1328

Low-resource Entity Set Expansion: A Comprehensive Study on User-generated TextYutong Shao, Nikita Bhutani, Sajjadur Rahman and Estevam Hruschka . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1343

POLITICS: Pretraining with Same-story Article Comparison for Ideology Prediction and Stance De-tection

Yujian Liu, Xinliang Frederick Zhang, David Wegsman, Nicholas Beauchamp and Lu Wang1354

Empowering parameter-efficient transfer learning by recognizing the kernel structure in self-attentionYifan Chen, Devamanyu Hazarika, Mahdi Namazifar, Yang Liu, Di Jin and Dilek Hakkani-Tur

1375

RAIL-KD: RAndom Intermediate Layer Mapping for Knowledge DistillationMd Akmal Haidar, Nithin Anchuri, Mehdi Rezagholizadeh, Abbas Ghaddar, Philippe Langlais

and Pascal Poupart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1389

Unbiased Math Word Problems Benchmark for Mitigating Solving BiasZhiCheng Yang, Jinghui Qin, Jiaqi Chen and Xiaodan Liang . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1401

Learn To Remember: Transformer with Recurrent Memory for Document-Level Machine TranslationYukun Feng, Feng Li, Ziang Song, Boyuan Zheng and Philipp Koehn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1409

Improving Few-Shot Image Classification Using Machine- and User-Generated Natural Language De-scriptions

Kosuke Nishida, Kyosuke Nishida and Shuichi Nishioka . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1421

All Information is Valuable: Question Matching over Full Information Transmission NetworkLe Qi, Yu Zhang, Qingyu Yin, Guidong Zheng, Wen Junjie, Jinlong Li and Ting Liu . . . . . . . 1431

Pathway2Text: Dataset and Method for Biomedical Pathway Description GenerationJunwei Yang, Zequn Liu, Ming Zhang and Sheng Wang . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1441

Exploring Neural Models for Query-Focused SummarizationJesse Vig, Alexander Fabbri, Wojciech Maciej Kryscinski, Chien-Sheng Wu and Wenhao Liu1455

BitextEdit: Automatic Bitext Editing for Improved Low-Resource Machine TranslationEleftheria Briakou, Sida Wang, Luke Zettlemoyer and Marjan Ghazvininejad . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1469

MixQG: Neural Question Generation with Mixed Answer TypesLidiya Murakhovs’ka, Chien-Sheng Wu, Philippe Laban, Tong Niu, Wenhao Liu and Caiming

Xiong . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1486

Temporal Attention for Language ModelsGuy D. Rosin and Kira Radinsky . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1498

Efficient Few-Shot Fine-Tuning for Opinion SummarizationArthur Brazinskas, Ramesh Nallapati, Mohit Bansal and Markus Dreyer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1509

Domain-matched Pre-training Tasks for Dense RetrievalBarlas Oguz, Kushal Lakhotia, Anchit Gupta, Patrick Lewis, Vladimir Karpukhin, Aleksandra

Piktus, Xilun Chen, Sebastian Riedel, Scott Yih, Sonal Gupta and Yashar Mehdad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1524

xxxi

UniK-QA: Unified Representations of Structured and Unstructured Knowledge for Open-Domain Que-stion Answering

Barlas Oguz, Xilun Chen, Vladimir Karpukhin, Stan Peshterliev, Dmytro Okhonko, Michael SejrSchlichtkrull, Sonal Gupta, Yashar Mehdad and Scott Yih . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1535

White-box Testing of NLP models with Mask Neuron CoverageArshdeep Sekhon, Yangfeng Ji, Matthew Dwyer and Yanjun Qi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1547

Hierarchical Transformers Are More Efficient Language ModelsPiotr Nawrot, Szymon Tworkowski, Michał Tyrolski, Lukasz Kaiser, Yuhuai Wu, Christian Sze-

gedy and Henryk Michalewski . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1559

DISARM: Detecting the Victims Targeted by Harmful MemesShivam Sharma, Md Shad Akhtar, Preslav Nakov and Tanmoy Chakraborty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1572

KD-VLP: Improving End-to-End Vision-and-Language Pretraining with Object Knowledge DistillationYongfei Liu, Chenfei Wu, Shao-Yen Tseng, Vasudev Lal, Xuming He and Nan Duan . . . . . . 1589

Dependency Position Encoding for Relation ExtractionQiushi Guo, Xin Wang and Dehong Gao . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1601

Good Visual Guidance Make A Better Extractor: Hierarchical Visual Prefix for Multimodal Entity andRelation Extraction

Xiang Chen, Ningyu Zhang, Lei Li, Yunzhi Yao, Shumin Deng, Chuanqi Tan, Fei Huang, Luo Siand Huajun Chen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1607

The Role of Context in Detecting Previously Fact-Checked ClaimsShaden Shaar, Firoj Alam, Giovanni Da San Martino and Preslav Nakov . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1619

Pruning Adatperfusion with Lottery Ticket HypothesisJiarun Wu, Qingliang Chen, Zeguan Xiao, Yuliang Gu and Mengsi Sun. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1632

EVI: Multilingual Spoken Dialogue Tasks and Dataset for Knowledge-Based Enrolment, Verification,and Identification

Georgios P. Spithourakis, Ivan Vulic, Michał Lis, Inigo Casanueva and Paweł Budzianowski1647

Post-Training Dialogue Summarization using Pseudo-ParaphrasingQi Jia, Yizhu Liu, Haifeng Tang and Kenny Q. Zhu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1660

A Dual-Channel Framework for Sarcasm Recognition by Detecting Sentiment ConflictYiyi Liu, Yequan Wang, Aixin Sun, Xuying Meng, Jing Li and Jiafeng Guo. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1670

Zero-shot Entity Linking with Less DataG P Shrivatsa Bhargav, Dinesh Khandelwal, Saswati Dana, Dinesh Garg, Pavan Kapanipathi,

Salim Roukos, Alexander Gray and L Venkata Subramaniam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1681

GraphCache: Message Passing as Caching for Sentence-Level Relation ExtractionYiwei Wang, Muhao Chen, Wenxuan Zhou, Yujun Cai, Yuxuan Liang and Bryan Hooi . . . . . 1698

Revisiting Generative Commonsense Reasoning: A Pre-Ordering ApproachChao Zhao, Faeze Brahman, Tenghao Huang and Snigdha Chaturvedi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1709

Identifying and Mitigating Spurious Correlations for Improving Robustness in NLP ModelsTianlu Wang, Rohit Sridhar, Diyi Yang and Xuezhi Wang . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1719

Great Truths are Always Simple : A Rather Simple Knowledge Encoder for Enhancing the Com-monsense Reasoning Capacity of Pre-Trained Models

Jinhao Jiang, Kun Zhou, Ji-Rong Wen and Xin Zhao . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1730

xxxii

Analyzing the Intensity of Complaints on Social MediaMing Fang, Shi Zong, Jing Li, Xinyu Dai, Shujian Huang and Jiajun Chen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1742

Detecting Narrative Elements in Informational TextEffi Levi, Guy Mor, Tamir Sheafer and Shaul Rafael Shenhav . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1755

When do Contrastive Word Alignments Improve Many-to-many Neural Machine Translation?Zhuoyuan Mao, Chenhui Chu, Raj Dabre, Haiyue Song, Zhen Wan and Sadao Kurohashi . . 1766

Minimally-Supervised Relation Induction from Pre-trained Language ModelLu Sun, Yongliang Shen and Weiming Lu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1776

Crake: Causal-Enhanced Table-Filler for Question Answering over Large Scale Knowledge BaseMinhao Zhang, Ruoyu Zhang, Yanzeng Li and Lei Zou . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1787

Exploring the Universal Vulnerability of Prompt-based Learning ParadigmLei Xu, Yangyi Chen, Ganqu Cui, Hongcheng Gao and Zhiyuan Liu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1799

Exploiting Numerical-Contextual Knowledge to Improve Numerical Reasoning in Question AnsweringJeonghwan Kim, Junmo Kang, Kyung-min Kim, Giwon Hong and Sung-Hyon Myaeng . . . . 1811

Learn from Relation Information: Towards Prototype Representation Rectification for Few-Shot Rela-tion Extraction

Yang Liu, Jinpeng Hu, Xiang Wan and Tsung-Hui Chang . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1822

HUE: Pretrained Model and Dataset for Understanding Hanja Documents of Ancient KoreaHaneul Yoo, Jiho Jin, Juhee Son, JinYeong Bak, Kyunghyun Cho and Alice Oh . . . . . . . . . . . 1832

SeaD: End-to-end Text-to-SQL Generation with Schema-aware DenoisingKuan Xu, Yongbo Wang, Yongliang Wang, Zihao Wang, Zujie Wen and Yang Dong . . . . . . . 1845

Cross-Lingual Cross-Modal Consolidation for Effective Multilingual Video Corpus Moment RetrievalJiaheng Liu, Tan Yu, Hanyu Peng, Mingming Sun and Ping Li . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1854

Delving Deep into Regularity: A Simple but Effective Method for Chinese Named Entity RecognitionYingjie Gu, Xiaoye Qu, Zhefeng Wang, Yi Zheng, Baoxing Huai and Nicholas Jing Yuan . . 1863

CRUSH: Contextually Regularized and User anchored Self-supervised Hate speech DetectionSouvic Chakraborty, Parag Dutta, Sumegh Roychowdhury and Animesh Mukherjee . . . . . . . 1874

METGEN: A Module-Based Entailment Tree Generation Framework for Answer ExplanationRuixin Hong, Hongming Zhang, Xintong Yu and Changshui Zhang . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1887

A Timestep aware Sentence Embedding and Acme Coverage for Brief but Informative Title GenerationQuanbin Wang, XieXiong Lin and Feng Wang . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1906

Make The Most of Prior Data: A Solution for Interactive Text Summarization with Preference FeedbackDuy-Hung Nguyen, Nguyen Viet Dung Nghiem, Bao-Sinh Nguyen, Dung Tien Tien Le, Shahab

Sabahi, Minh-Tien Nguyen and Hung Le . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1919

XLTime: A Cross-Lingual Knowledge Transfer Framework for Temporal Expression ExtractionYuwei Cao, William Groves, Tanay Kumar Saha, Joel R. Tetreault, Alejandro Jaimes, Hao Peng

and Philip S. Yu. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1931

BehancePR: A Punctuation Restoration Dataset for Livestreaming Video TranscriptViet Dac Lai, Amir Pouran Ben Veyseh, Franck Dernoncourt and Thien Huu Nguyen . . . . . . 1943

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Event Detection for Suicide UnderstandingLuis Fernando Guzman-Nateras, Viet Dac Lai, Amir Pouran Ben Veyseh, Franck Dernoncourt

and Thien Huu Nguyen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1952

Great Power, Great Responsibility: Recommendations for Reducing Energy for Training LanguageModels

Joseph McDonald, Baolin Li, Nathan C. Frey, Devesh Tiwari, Vijay Gadepally and SiddharthSamsi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1962

What kinds of errors do reference resolution models make and what can we learn from them?Jorge Sánchez, Mauricio Mazuecos, Hernán Maina and Luciana Benotti . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1971

Uncertainty-Aware Cross-Lingual Transfer with Pseudo Partial LabelsShuo Lei, Xuchao Zhang, Jianfeng He, Fanglan Chen and Chang-Tien Lu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1987

NLU++: A Multi-Label, Slot-Rich, Generalisable Dataset for Natural Language Understanding inTask-Oriented Dialogue

Inigo Casanueva, Ivan Vulic, Georgios P. Spithourakis and Paweł Budzianowski . . . . . . . . . . 1998

Challenges in Generalization in Open Domain Question AnsweringLinqing Liu, Patrick Lewis, Sebastian Riedel and Pontus Stenetorp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2014

Beyond Distributional Hypothesis: Let Language Models Learn Meaning-Text CorrespondenceM.j Jang, Frank Martin Mtumbuka and Thomas Lukasiewicz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2030

Por Qué Não Utiliser Alla Språk? Mixed Training with Gradient Optimization in Few-Shot Cross-Lingual Transfer

Haoran Xu and Kenton Murray . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2043

Learning to Execute Actions or Ask Clarification QuestionsZhengxiang Shi, Yue Feng and Aldo Lipani . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2060

Capturing Conversational Interaction for Question Answering via Global History ReasoningJin Qian, Bowei Zou, Mengxing Dong, Xiao Li, AiTi Aw and Yu Hong. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2071

Learning Structural Information for Syntax-Controlled Paraphrase GenerationErguang Yang, Chenglin Bai, Deyi Xiong, Yujie Zhang, Yao Meng, Jinan Xu and Yufeng Chen

2079

Controllable Sentence Simplification via Operation ClassificationLiam Cripwell, Joël Legrand and Claire Gardent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2091

Balancing Multi-Domain Corpora Learning for Open-Domain Response GenerationYujie Xing, Jinglun Cai, Nils Barlaug, Peng Liu and Jon Atle Gulla . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2104

Semantic-Preserving Abstractive Text Summarization with Siamese Generative Adversarial NetXin Sheng, Linli Xu, Yinlong Xu, Deqiang Jiang and Bo Ren . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2121

Towards Job-Transition-Tag Graph for a Better Job Title Representation LearningJun Zhu and Celine Hudelot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2133

CL-ReLKT: Cross-lingual Language Knowledge Transfer for Multilingual Retrieval Question Answe-ring

Peerat Limkonchotiwat, Wuttikorn Ponwitayarat, Can Udomcharoenchaikit, Ekapol Chuangsuwa-nich and Sarana Nutanong . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2141

BORT: Back and Denoising Reconstruction for End-to-End Task-Oriented DialogHaipeng Sun, Junwei Bao, Youzheng Wu and Xiaodong He . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2156

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Multi-stage Distillation Framework for Cross-Lingual Semantic Similarity MatchingKunbo Ding, Weijie Liu, Yuejian Fang, Zhe Zhao, Qi Ju, Xuefeng Yang, Rong Tian, Zhu Tao,

Haoyan Liu, Han Guo, Xingyu Bai, Weiquan Mao, Yudong Li, Weigang Guo, Taiqiang Wu andNingyuan Sun . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2171

On the Limitations of Dataset Balancing: The Lost Battle Against Spurious CorrelationsRoy Schwartz and Gabriel Stanovsky . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2182

Specializing Pre-trained Language Models for Better Relational Reasoning via Network PruningSiyu Ren and Kenny Q. Zhu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2195

D2GCLF: Document-to-Graph Classifier for Legal Document ClassificationQiqi Wang, Kaiqi Zhao, Robert Amor, Benjamin Liu and Ruofan Wang . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2208

A Label-Aware Autoregressive Framework for Cross-Domain NERJinpeng Hu, He Zhao, Dan Dan Guo, Xiang Wan and Tsung-Hui Chang . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2222

A Dog Is Passing Over The Jet? A Text-Generation Dataset for Korean Commonsense Reasoning andEvaluation

Jaehyung Seo, Seounghoon Lee, Chanjun Park, Yoonna Jang, Hyeonseok Moon, Sugyeong Eo,Seonmin Koo and Heuiseok Lim . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2233

Improve Discourse Dependency Parsing with Contextualized RepresentationsYifei Zhou and Yansong Feng . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2250

LiST: Lite Prompted Self-training Makes Parameter-efficient Few-shot LearnersYaqing Wang, Subhabrata Mukherjee, Xiaodong Liu, Jing Gao, Ahmed Hassan Awadallah and

Jianfeng Gao . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2262

CLMLF:A Contrastive Learning and Multi-Layer Fusion Method for Multimodal Sentiment DetectionZhen Li, Bing Xu, Conghui Zhu and Tiejun Zhao . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2282

Weakly Supervised Text Classification using Supervision Signals from a Language ModelZiqian Zeng, Weimin Ni, Tianqing Fang, Xiang Li, Xinran Zhao and Yangqiu Song . . . . . . . 2295

Analytical Reasoning of TextWanjun Zhong, Siyuan Wang, Duyu Tang, Zenan Xu, Daya Guo, Yining Chen, Jiahai Wang, Jian

Yin, Ming Zhou and Nan Duan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2306

Denoising Neural Network for News Recommendation with Positive and Negative Implicit FeedbackYunfan Hu, Zhaopeng Qiu and Xian Wu. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2320

Continual Machine Reading Comprehension via Uncertainty-aware Fixed Memory and AdversarialDomain Adaptation

Zhijing Wu, Hua Xu, Jingliang Fang and Kai Gao . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2330

Jointly Learning Guidance Induction and Faithful Summary Generation via Conditional VariationalAutoencoders

Wang Xu and Tiejun Zhao . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2340

Context-Aware Language Modeling for Goal-Oriented Dialogue SystemsCharlie Victor Snell, Sherry Yang, Justin Fu, Yi Su and Sergey Levine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2351

Am I Me or You? State-of-the-Art Dialogue Models Cannot Maintain an IdentityKurt Shuster, Jack Urbanek, Arthur Szlam and Jason E Weston . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2367

Unsupervised Domain Adaptation for Question Generation with DomainData Selection and Self-trainingPeide Zhu and Claudia Hauff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2388

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CCQA: A New Web-Scale Question Answering Dataset for Model Pre-TrainingPatrick Huber, Armen Aghajanyan, Barlas Oguz, Dmytro Okhonko, Scott Yih, Sonal Gupta and

Xilun Chen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2402

The Case for a Single Model that can Both Generate Continuations and Fill-in-the-BlankDaphne Ippolito, Liam Dugan, Emily Reif, Ann Yuan, Andy Coenen and Chris Callison-Burch

2421

Learning Discriminative Representations for Open Relation Extraction with Instance Ranking and La-bel Calibration

Shusen Wang, Bin Duan, Yanan Wu and Yajing Xu. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2433

Textual Entailment for Event Argument Extraction: Zero- and Few-Shot with Multi-Source LearningOscar Sainz, Itziar Gonzalez-Dios, Oier Lopez De Lacalle, Bonan Min and Eneko Agirre . . 2439

RCL: Relation Contrastive Learning for Zero-Shot Relation ExtractionShusen Wang, Bosen Zhang, Yajing Xu, Yanan Wu and Bo Xiao. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2456

Latent Group Dropout for Multilingual and Multidomain Machine TranslationMinh-Quang Pham, François Yvon and Josep Crego . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2469

ATP: AMRize Then Parse! Enhancing AMR Parsing with PseudoAMRsLiang Chen, Peiyi Wang, Runxin Xu, Tianyu Liu, Zhifang Sui and Baobao Chang . . . . . . . . . 2482

TaCL: Improving BERT Pre-training with Token-aware Contrastive LearningYixuan Su, Fangyu Liu, Zaiqiao Meng, Tian Lan, Lei Shu, Ehsan Shareghi and Nigel Collier2497

MTG: A Benchmark Suite for Multilingual Text GenerationYiran Chen, Zhenqiao Song, Xianze Wu, Danqing Wang, Jingjing Xu, Jiaze Chen, Hao Zhou and

Lei Li . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2508

Weakly Supervised Text-to-SQL Parsing through Question DecompositionTomer Wolfson, Daniel Deutch and Jonathan Berant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2528

Detect Rumors in Microblog Posts for Low-Resource Domains via Adversarial Contrastive LearningHongzhan Lin, Jing Ma, Liangliang Chen, Zhiwei Yang, Mingfei Cheng and Chen Guang . .2543

DialoKG: Knowledge-Structure Aware Task-Oriented Dialogue GenerationMd Rashad Al Hasan Rony, Ricardo Usbeck and Jens Lehmann . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2557

Zero-Shot Event Detection Based on Ordered Contrastive Learning and Prompt-Based PredictionSenhui Zhang, Tao Ji, Wendi Ji and Xiaoling Wang . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2572

KETOD: Knowledge-Enriched Task-Oriented DialogueZhiyu Chen, Bing Liu, Seungwhan Moon, Chinnadhurai Sankar, Paul A. Crook and William Yang

Wang . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2581

TANet: Thread-Aware Pretraining for Abstractive Conversational SummarizationZe Yang, Christian Wang, Zhoujin Tian, Wei Wu and Zhoujun Li . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2594

AdapterBias: Parameter-efficient Token-dependent Representation Shift for Adapters in NLP TasksChin-Lun Fu, Zih-Ching Chen, Yun-Ru Lee and Hung-yi Lee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2608

Bridging the Gap between Training and Inference: Multi-Candidate Optimization for Diverse NeuralMachine Translation

Huan Lin, Baosong Yang, Liang Yao, Dayiheng Liu, Haibo Zhang, Jun Xie, Min Zhang andJinsong Su . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2622

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Learning from Bootstrapping and Stepwise Reinforcement Reward: A Semi-Supervised Framework forText Style Transfer

Zhengyuan Liu and Nancy F. Chen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2633

EA2E: Improving Consistency with Event Awareness for Document-Level Argument ExtractionQi Zeng, Qiusi Zhan and Heng Ji . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2649

Label Refinement via Contrastive Learning for Distantly-Supervised Named Entity RecognitionHuaiyuan Ying, Shengxuan Luo, Tiantian Dang and Sheng Yu. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2656

Negative Sample is Negative in Its Own Way: Tailoring Negative Sentences for Image-Text RetrievalZhihao Fan, Zhongyu Wei, Zejun Li, Siyuan Wang, Xuanjing Huang and Jianqing Fan . . . . . 2667

Explore More Guidance: A Task-aware Instruction Network for Sign Language Translation Enhancedwith Data Augmentation

Yong Cao, Wei Li, Xianzhi Li, Min Chen, Guangyong Chen, Long Hu, Zhengdao Li and KaiHwang . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2679

RoViST: Learning Robust Metrics for Visual StorytellingEileen Wang, Caren Han and Josiah Poon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2691

Query2Particles: Knowledge Graph Reasoning with Particle EmbeddingsJiaxin Bai, Zihao Wang, Hongming Zhang and Yangqiu Song . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2703

ID10M: Idiom Identification in 10 LanguagesSimone Tedeschi, Federico Martelli and Roberto Navigli . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2715

Cross-Domain Classification of Moral ValuesEnrico Liscio, Alin Eugen Dondera, Andrei Geadau, Catholijn M Jonker and Pradeep Kumar

Murukannaiah . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2727

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