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Mind over chatter: regulating mind-wandering with neurofeedback
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Mind over Chatter: Regulating mind-wandering with neurofeedback Tomas Ros, PhD Laboratory for Neurology & Imaging of Cognition University of Geneva, Switzerland
Transcript of Mind over chatter: regulating mind-wandering with neurofeedback
Mind over Chatter:
Regulating mind-wandering with
neurofeedbackTomas Ros, PhDLaboratory for Neurology & Imaging of CognitionUniversity of Geneva, Switzerland
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Will Cuppy, American humorist
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BRAIN
MIND
BRAIN
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“An epiphenomenon can be an effect of primary phenomena, but cannot affect them.”
Wikipedia [Epiphenomena in philosophy of mind and psychology]
primary phenomemenon
epiphenomemenon
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Epiphenomenon
Primary phenomenon
BRAIN ACTIVITY
MENTAL ACTIVITY
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BRAIN
MENTAL
ACTIVITY
BRAIN
ACTIVITY
Primary
phenomenon
Epipheno-
menon
?
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What is neurofeedback?
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The neurofeedback “loop”
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Feedback
Brain data
An EEG brain-computer interface
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A visual neurofeedback game
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Which brain activity to regulate?
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Mind-wandering and the default-mode network (Stawarczyk et al 2011)
EEG
fMRI
PET
Anatomy
Many windows, one brain:the six blind men and the elephant
Anatomy
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Simultaneous EEG-fMRI (Jann et al 2010)
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Neurofeedback: n=17
Sham-feedback: n=17 reducing alpha rhythm
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RESULTS
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EEG topography during neurofeedback
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Pre-post changes: training alpha vs resting alpha
NEUROFEEDBACK SHAM
Re
stin
gal
ph
a (%
ch
ange
)
Training alpha (% change) Training alpha (% change)
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Pre-post changes: mind-wandering vs resting alpha
NEUROFEEDBACK SHAM
Min
dw
and
eri
ng
(% c
han
ge)
Resting alpha (% change) Resting alpha (% change)
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BRAIN
MENTAL
ACTIVITY
BRAIN
ACTIVITY
Primary
phenomenon
Epipheno-
menon
?
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TAKE-HOME MESSAGE:
1. Brain activities are causally related to mental phenomena(i.e. they are not epiphenomenal)
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(Salience Network)
(Default Mode Network)
(Wen et al, J Neurosci 2013)
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TAKE-HOME MESSAGE:
1. Brain activities are causally related to mental phenomena(i.e. they are not epiphenomenal)
2. Brain activities can be objective and quantifiablepredictors of mental states
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dACC
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TAKE-HOME MESSAGE:
1. Brain activities are causally related to mental phenomena(i.e. they are not epiphenomenal)
2. Brain activities can be objective and quantifiablepredictors of mental states
3. Real-time feedback could facilitate learning ofparticular mental/meditative states
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Pz
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