IWMP-DPR,Ithikara Block Panchayat 2012

IWMP-DPR,Ithikara Block Panchayat 2012

1 a


2

ABBREVIATIONS

AAP Annual Action Plan APL Above Poverty Line BP Block Panchayat BLCC Block Level Coordination Committee BPL Below Poverty Line BRGF Backward Regions Grant Fund DLCC District Level Coordination Committee DPC District Planning Committee DPR Detailed Project Report EPA Entry Point Activities FGD Focus Group Discussion GIS Geographic Information System GP Grama Panchayat GW Ground Water IEC Information, Education and Communication IT Information Technology IWMP Integrated Watershed Management Programme LHA Livelihood Activities LSGD Local Self Government Department LSGI Local Self Government Institutions MCM Million Cubic Meters MGNREGS Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act MLA LAD Member of Legislative Assembly Local Area Development scheme

MPLAD Member of Parliament Local Area Development


3

MSL Mean Sea Level NABARD National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development NGO Non-Governmental Organization NRAA National Rain fed Areas Authority NRHM National Rural Health Mission NRM Natural Resource Management OBC Other Backward Caste WCDC Watershed Cell Cum Data Centre WDT Watershed Development Team SHGs Self Help Groups UGs User Groups


4


5


6


7

Part I Introduction

The Integrated Watershed Management Programme (IWMP) initiated by the GoI focuses on the conservation, development

and rational utilization of natural resources for addressing the growing issues of food insecurity, water scarcity and environmental

crisis, especially in the rainfed areas of the country in a sustainable manner. The programme perceives generation of rural

employment opportunities and steady increase in rural household income by way of promoting and supporting natural resource

based livelihood systems and microenterprises. Centrality of People’s Participation makes the Programme inclusive and more

effective.

A cluster of seven micro watersheds comprised in portions of Ithikkara, Kottarakkara and Mukhathala blocks in Kollam

District, Kerala has been included under IWMP Batch II. The Programme covers portions of nine Gram panchayaths. The Gram

panchayaths are Poothakulam, Chathannor, Adichanalloor, Chirakkara, Kareepra, Pooyyapalli, Thrikkovilvattam, Mayyanad and

Nedumpana. Total geographical area of the watersheds is 4917 ha. The area belongs to an earlier prominent agricultural tract of the

district, especially, with reference to food crops. The entire area drains into the Ithikkara River.

Micro Watersheds in the Cluster Sl.No. MICRO WATERSHED CODE AREA

01 Neelamthazham 612c 907.6 02 Plakkad 612a 935.0 03 Kakkathopp 612k 858.7 04 Mylakkad 611b 807.7 05 Meenad-1 6123a 674.8 06 Meenad-2 6123c 472.8 07 Uppukadav 6124a 260.4 TOTAL 4917.0


8

I.1 Project Background

Stat

e

Dis

tric

t

Thal

uk

Blo

ck

Micro Watershed Grama Panchayat

Wards

Tota

l A

rea

Inte

rvan

sion

A

rea

Pro

ject

A

mou

nt

Ker

ala

Kol

lam

Kol

lam

& K

otta

raka

ra

Ithik

kara

, Muk

hath

ala

& K

otta

raka

ra

Name Code Full Partial

4917

hec

tor

4917

hec

tor

737.

55

Uppukadavu 6I24a

Adhichanalloor 13

Chathannoor 16, 17

Chirakkara 15 13, 14, 16 Mayyanadu 6, 11, 12, 13

Mylakkadu 6I1b Thrikkovilvattom 13, 14, 15, 16

Mayyanadu 4, 9 Adhichanalloor 1, 14, 16, 17, 18 12, 13, 19, 20

Meenadu 1 6I23a Adhichanalloor 13 Chathannoor 12, 13, 14, 15 1, 2, 3, 9, 10, 16, 17, 18 Chirakkara 1 2

Meenadu 2 6123c

Adhichanalloor 13 Chathannoor 16, 17

Poothakkulam 3 Chirakkara 12, 13, 14, 16

Plakkadu 6I2a Adhichanalloor 3, 4, 5, 12

Nedumpana 13, 14, 15, 16 17, 18, 19 Thrikkovilvattom 8 4, 6, 7, 14, 15, 16

Kakkathoppu 6I2k

Nedumpana 8, 9, 10, 11 Kareepra 13

Pooyappally 1 Adhichanalloor 2, 8, 15 7, 11

Neelamthazham 6I2c Nedumpana 5, 6, 7, 12 2, 3, 4, 18, 19, 20, 22

Kareepra 15


9

Major objectives of the Project

Take up necessary in-situ water conservation activities to mitigate the problem of water scarcity in the location and for

augmenting groundwater recharge.

Adopt necessary interventions to reduce soil erosion from the watershed areas with a view to maintain sustainable

productivity of the area

Identify, promote and support various Production Systems and Micro Enterprises that have substantial bearing on the natural

resource base of the project area

Identify, promote and support various livelihood activities related with the natural resource base of the project area

Plan various suitable production systems to bring more fallow/waste lands in the watersheds into use

Carry out various activities necessary for the regeneration of environment pertaining to the project area.


10

I.2. Organisational Set up

I.3. Project Fund and Fund Flow

The cost structure of the Project is Rs.15,000 per Hectare. The Funds will be utilized as per the stipulations in the Common

Guidelines issued by the GoI. The Funds received by the State is transferred to the lower levels as shown in the flow chart below.

DLCC & WCDC

NRAA

WDT TSO

Social Audit team Monitoring team

TSU

MoRD, DoLR Centre

DoRD, SLNA

DPC

PIA

State

District

Project

Block

SHGs -UGs

Watershed Committee

DISTRICT PROJECT MANAGER

PIA

WATERSHED COMMITTEE

SHGs -UGs CRD


11

I.4 PROJECT BUDGET

10%

1% 1%4%

5% 1%

56%

9%10% 3%

IWMP Fund Distribution

Administrative exp.

Monitoring

Evaluation

Entry Point Activities

Institution and capacity

DPR Prepration

NRM

Livelihood Activities

Psm

Consolidation Phase

PROJECT FUND DISTRIBUTION Item Amount in Rs.

Administration 73,75,500 Monitoring 7,37,550 Evaluation 7,37,550 Entry Point Activities 29,50,200 Institution and capacity building 36,87,750 DPR Preparation 7,37,550 Natural Resources Management 4,13,02,800 Production Systems & Micro Enterprises 66,37,950 Livelihood Support Systems 73,75,500 Consolidation 22,12,650 Total 73755000


12

Part II General Description of the Project Area

II. 1. The District

Kollam district of Kerala came into existence on the 1st July 1949. The district has a total area of about 2491 sq.km. It

accounts for 6.4 percent of the total area of the state. In female work participation rate (16.77 percent), the district holds the 7th

place. Forest accounts for 28.52 percent (710.44 km2) of the total area of the district. The district is situated on the South-West cost

of Indian peninsula between North Latitudes 9010’ and 8045’ and East Longitudes 76025’ and 77015’.

Physiographically the District falls under the three natural divisions of coastal land, mid land and high land.Ithikkara and

Kallada are the rivers in the District. The only major fresh water lake, Sasthamcotta Kayal is here. Ashtamudi Kayal and Paravoor

Kayal are the major lakes of the District.Parts of other two lakes, Edava and Nadayara Kayals come in Kollam District.

Ithikkara River

The Ithikkara River originates from the hills situated at Madathirikunnu at about 240m above MSL and from the hills

located south west of Kulathupuzha. The Vattaparambu stream and the Kundumon thodu are the major tributaries. The river

passes through the villages of Vayala, Pampira, Ayur, Chadayamangalam, Thruvambhagom, Atturkonam, Adichanalloor, Kottiyam

and Chathannoor. The river is 54kms long with 642 km2 of catchments.


13

Ithikkara Block

Ithikkara block was formed in April 1961. It is situated in Kollam Taluk of Kollam district. Poothakulam, Kalluvathukkal,

Chathannoor, Adichanallor are the Grama Panchayats that come under the Block Panchayat. Areas identified under IWMP belong

to parts of all these panchayaths excepting Kalluvathukkal. Ithikkara River flows through the heart of the block area. Each village in

Ithikkara has got its own myths and stories to tell. Poothakulam was once a thick forest.

Mukhathala Block

Mukhathala block is also situated in Kollam taluk of Kollam District. Portions of Nedumpana, Mayyanad and Thrikovilvattam

Panchayats of Mukhathala Block fall under the project area.

Kottarakara block

The Kottarakara block also bears much historical significance. The famous Kottarakara Mahaganapathi temple is situated

here. Kottarakara is also known for Kathakali and is the birth place of many renouned artists in the field of fine arts and kathakali.

Kakkathopu and Neelamthazham portions of the Kareepra Grama Panchayat in Kottarakara Block are covered under the project.

Pooyapalli is another Panchayat a part of which comes under the project. Books like Annathe Keralam, Samskarathinte

Nazhikakallukal authored by historian Shri. Elamkulam Kunjanpillai tell that Budhism had prevailed in the region for a long time.


14

II.2. Extent and Location

Stat

e

Dis

trict

Thal

uk

Bloc

k Micro Watersheds

Grama Panchayat

Gram Panchayat constituencies covered

Trea

tabl

e A

rea

Pro

ject

Cos

t R

s la

khs

Ker

ala

Kol

lam

Kol

lam

& K

otta

raka

ra

Ithik

kara

, Muk

hath

ala

& K

otta

raka

ra

Name Code Fully covered Partially covered

4917

hec

tor

737.

55

Uppukadavu 6I24a

Adhichanalloor 13

Chathannoor 16, 17

Chirakkara 15 13, 14, 16

Mayyanadu 6, 11, 12, 13

Mylakkadu 6I1b

Thrikkovilvattom 13, 14, 15, 16

Mayyanadu 4, 9

Adhichanalloor 1, 14, 16, 17, 18 12, 13, 19, 20

Meenadu 1 6I23a Adhichanalloor 13


15

II.2.1 Geographical Coordinates

Latitude 8056’45” N - 8047’57” N

Longitude 76038’48” E - 76043’52” E

Chathannoor 12, 13, 14, 15 1, 2, 3, 9, 10, 16, 17, 18

Chirakkara 1 2

Meenadu 2 6123c

Adhichanalloor 13

Chathannoor 16, 17

Poothakkulam 3

Chirakkara 12, 13, 14, 16

Plakkadu 6I2a

Adhichanalloor 3, 4, 5, 12

Nedumpana 13, 14, 15, 16 17, 18, 19

Thrikkovilvattom 8 4, 6, 7, 14, 15, 16

Kakkathoppu 6I2k

Nedumpana 8, 9, 10, 11

Kareepra 13

Pooyappally 1

Adhichanalloor 2, 8, 15 7, 11

Neelamthazham 6I2c Nedumpana 5, 6, 7, 12 2, 3, 4, 18, 19,

20, 22

Kareepra 15


16

Boundary lines of the Project Area

North From Neduman kavu to the west Nallila-Palamukku

East From Nedumankavu to the South Meeyannor Panchayat sheematti junction

South From Paravoor Muncipality Mukkam towards east to Kotheri and Thalachira

West From Palamukku towards south Kannanaloor , Mylakkadu up to Nedungolam

II.3.Criteria for Selection

Project name

Project type Weightage

IWMP Desert i ii iii iv v vi vii viii ix x xi xii xiii 5 3 0 10 0 0 15 7.5 15 15 10 15 15


17

No Criteria max Score Ranges & Score

i Poverty index (% of poor to population) 10 Above 80% (10) 80 to 50 % (7.5) 50 to 20% (5) Below

20% (2.5) ii % of SC/ST population 10 More than 40% (10) 20 to 40% (5) Less than 20% (3)

iii Actual wages 5 Actual wages are significantly lower than minimum wages (5)

Actual wages are equal to or higher than minimum wages (0)

iv % of small and marginal farmers 10 More than 80% (10) 50 to 80% (5) Less than 50% (5)

v Ground water status 5 Over exploited (5) Critical (3) Sub critical (2) Safe (0)

vi Moisture index/ DPAP/ DDP Block 15 -66.7 & below (15) DDP

Block 0 to -33.2 (0) Non DPAP/ DDP Block

0 to -33.2 (0) Non DPAP/ DDP Block

vii Area under rain-fed agriculture 15 More than 90 % (15) 80 to 90% (10) 70 to 80% (5) >70%

(Reject)

viii Drinking water 10 No source (10) Problematic village (7.5) Partially covered (5) Fully covered 0)

ix Degraded land 15 high- above 20% (15) Medium- 10to 20% (10) Low-less than 10% of TGA (5)

x Productivity potential of the land 15

Lands with low production & where productivity can be significantly enhanced with reasonable efforts (15)

Lands with moderate production & where productivity can be enhanced with reasonable efforts

Lands with high production & where productivity can be marginally enhanced with reasonable efforts (5)

xi

Contiguity to another watershed that has already been developed/ treated

10

Contiguous to previously treated watershed & contiguity within the Micro Watersheds in the projects (10)

Contiguity within the Micro Watersheds in the project but non contiguous to previously treated watershed (5)

Neither contiguous to previously treated watershed nor contiguity within the Micro Watersheds in the project (0)

xii

Cluster approach in the plains (more than one contiguous Micro Watersheds in the project)

15 Above 6 micro-watersheds in cluster (15)

4 to 6 micro watersheds in cluster (10)

2 to 4 Micro Watersheds in cluster (5)

xiii

Cluster approach in the hills (more than one contiguous Micro Watersheds in the project)

15 Above 5 micro-watersheds in cluster (15)



Total 150 150 90 41 2.5


18

II.4. Physiography, Relief and Drainage

The project area falls under the Midland stretch of the state. Each micro watershed under the project is comprised of Arable

Land (cultivated land normally under private ownership), Non-Arable Land (non cultivated and common land) and Drainage Lines.

Top of a small hill in the Nedumpana Panchayat is the highest point in the watershed. It is at a height of 90 m above MSL.

Poyyapalli and Adichanalloor are the second highest areas. Places such as Poothakkulam (Ithikkara block) and Mayyanadu

(Mukhthala block) belong to the coastal belt. The relief as represented in terms of the vertical interval between the remotest point in

the watershed and the outlet point of it is found to be 80 m. Nearly 90% of the project area falls below a height of 20 m from MSL.

As the project area is situated almost near the tail end of Ithikara River joining the backwaters of Paravoor kayal, the exit of

water through the outlets during monsoons gets a little stagnated in the lower portions of the watersheds and causes inundation of

agricultural lands. There are seven major drainage lines in the project area and are known as Puliyila Thodu, Meenadu –

Chathanoor Thodu, Meenadu Thodu, Konathu Ela Thodu, Edappanal Thodu, Chaniyil Thodu and ThazhuThala Ela Thodu.

Uncontrolled mining of clay for industrial purposes is rampant, especially, in the Grama Panchayats of Mayyanadu, Chirakara,

Chathannoor, Pooyapally, Adhichanalloor and Nedumpana. This has lead to the distortion of normal drainage mechanism of the

area and has given chance for various related environmental issues in the localities.

II.5. Climate

The area related to this project enjoys a warm humid climate. Average annual rainfall is 2416mm. Major contribution (about

60%) of the rain fall is from the South-west monsoon sets on normally in the first week of June every year.The climate is geneally

featured with alternate wet and dry spells. The atmospheric temperature of the area usually reaches the peak during the months of

April-May. Relative humidity of the locality varies between 85-90%.

Rainfall Distribution of Kollam District for the Year 2000-2012 (mm)


19

Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr May Jun Jul. Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Actual Normal Deviation 1 2000 2 41 38 129 88 473 132 557 202 220 181 125 2288 2498 -210 2 2001 61 62 15 166 219 407 368 284 255 355 233 7 2432 2498 -66 3 2002 3 18 61 200 252 265 206 278 86 592 143 0 2104 2498 -394 4 2003 1 50 103 166 105 335 297 240 66 511 89 62 2025 2430 -405 5 2004 2 57 48 152 614 406 287 203 212 281 161 4 2427 2841 81 6 2005 26 17 31 257 213 392 464 104 284 240 311 193 2532 2495 37 7 2006 18 9 149 96 351 307 377 255 383 575 306.2 5 2831 2495 336 8 2007 0 12 40 186 161 499 579 263 408 445 128.8 26 2743 2495 24

Source : Land Resources of Kerala State,KSLUB 9 2008 0.0 41.0 224.9 137.6 120.8 207.1 454.8 265.1 247.0 360.8 122.7 25.6 10 2009 2.2 3.0 105.7 121.9 136.4 272.3 369.7 185.5 272.6 325.9 317.0 15.7 11 2010 11.5 0.0 59.1 221.1 203.5 357.0 362.3 304.8 258.3 527.8 388.4 95.0 12 2011 57.1 98.6 46.7 177.4 148.0 417.4 283.0 219.6 242.2 233.5 267.0 100.9 13 2012 13.7 20.9 77.4 228.6 145.8 167.5 210.6 272.6 149.8 240.2 111.1 17.4

Source: http://www.imd.gov.in/section/hydro/distrainfall/kerala.html

II.6.Geology

Granite gneiss of the archaean age is noticed in the areas. Laterites of varying thickness found in the area are insitu

decomposition products of gneissic rocks rich in ferruginous material. Sedimentary laterites developed in Varkala formation are

noticed in the South-Western Portions. The narrow valleys are composed of colluviums and alluviums of recent origin.

II.7.Water Sources

People in general depend upon open wells for drinking water purposes. Streams, ponds, wells, lakes etc form the major water sources in the project area.The following table shows the list of major water sources in the area.

Major Streams (Thodu) in the Project Area


20

Name of the Watershed

Name of thodu

Length (meter)

Average width

(meter) Water

Availability

Neelamthazham Puliyila ela thodu 2469 5 12

Meenadu 1 Meenadu, chathannoor thodu 4895 8 12

Meenadu 2 Meenadu thodu 750 3 12

Kakkathoppu Konath ela thodu 1675 2 6

Plakkadu Idappanal thodu 1300 2 6

Uppukadavu Chaniyil thodu 725 2 12

Mylakkadu Thazhuthala ela thodu 4392 4 12 (Source: Drainage survey-GPK)

Number of Open Wells for drinking purpose

Sl no Name of the Watershed Public Household Total

1 Mylakkadu 24 4073 4097

2 Meenadu 1 12 3213 3225

3 Meenadu 2 8 1239 1247

4 Neelamthazham 16 4927 4943

5 Kakkathopu 22 4198 4220

6 Plakkadu 26 5145 5171

7 Uppukadavu 6 1541 1547

(Source: Open well survey-GPK)


21

II.8. Ground water

Water scarcity is a major problem in the area. Though the watersheds under consideration of the project are not far from the

backwaters and the sea, the status of the ground water in the areas remains vulnerable. Many of the water sources in the area

including streams, ponds and open wells remain dry for considerable periods every year despite the receipt of sufficient

precipitation. Excessive sand mining from the riverbeds downstream has substantially lowered the local water table. Also, the

unscientific human interference including improper land use in the upper catchments in the watersheds has caused severe gaps in

the recharge of ground water in the locality. Most of the areas of the watersheds face water shortage. The following table gives a

picture of the situation.


22


23

Status of Ground Water Resource of the area (As per GEC-1997) as on 31st march 2004 Sl

.No.

Name

of th

e bloc

k

Dome

stic 2

004

Dome

stic 2

029

Indus

trial 2

004

Indus

trial 2

029

Total

annu

al G/

W

rech

arge

(MCW

) Na

tural

disch

arge

du

ring n

on-m

onso

on

seas

on (M

CM)

Net a

nnua

l G/W

av

ailab

ility (

MCM)

(7-

8)

Exist

ing gr

oss g

roun

d wa

ter dr

aft fo

r irr

igatio

n (MC

M)

Exist

ing gr

oss g

roun

d wa

ter dr

aft fo

r do

mesti

c and

Ex

isting

gros

s gro

und

water

draft

for a

ll use

s (M

CM)(1

0+11

) Al

locati

on fo

r dom

estic

an

d ind

ustria

l wate

r su

pply

up to

next

25

year

s Re

quire

ment

for

dome

stic a

nd

indus

trial w

ater s

upply

Ne

t gro

und w

ater

avail

abilit

y for

futur

e irr

igatio

n dev

elopm

ent

Stag

e of

GW

deve

lopme

nt in

%

(12/9

*100

) Ca

tegor

y

1 Ithikkara 6.22 7.34 0.21 28.98 2.90 26.08 11.18 6.22 17.40 7.55 8.47 7.35 66.72 Safe

2 Mugathala 6.44 7.59 0.04 0.27 25.35 2.54 22.81 14.39 6.48 20.86 7.86 13.90 0.56 91.46 Semi critical

3 Kottarakara 7.71 9.17 0.04 0.37 31.79 3.18 28.61 8.33 7.75 16.07 9.54 10.29 10.75 56.17 Safe

Ground Water Resource Potential of Ithikkara, Mughathala, Kottarakkara Block as on 31st March 2004 in CMC

Sl. No Assessment

unit Block

Command/ Non

Command

Recharge from rainfall during

monsoon season

Recharge from other sources during

monsoon season

Recharge from rainfall during non-

monsoon season

Recharge from other sources during non-

monsoon season

Total groundwater recharge

National discharge

during non monsoon

season

Net annual ground water

availability

1 Kottarakara NC 12.06 Nil 12.1 4.82 28.98 2.9 26.08 2 Mughathala NC 12.7 Nil 8.65 4.00 25.35 2.54 22.81 3 Ithikkara NC 17.35 Nil 11.82 2.62 31.79 3.18 28.61

(Ground Water Department)


24

II.9.Water Supply and Irrigation

In areas close to the coastal belt, ground water faces the issue of salt water intrusion renders the quality of water poor with

reference to its drinking and cooking purposes. Implementation of an Indo-Japanese drinking water project is under way. The project

is expected to address a good deal of drinking water scarcity of the area on completion. Kallada Irrigation Project - KIP- has been

the major venture to provide irrigation for agriculture in the locality. But the KIP does only a little favour, barely for about two months

a year. The KIP does not provide any irrigation support for taking second and third crops in locality.

II.10. Socio-economic Details Total population of the project area is 107812. This includes 55631 women and 52181 men. In general, the socio-economic

status of the inhabitants of the watershed is better. Steady income from cash crops such as cashew and income from certain

industries including tile/brick kilns play a very vital role in maintaining the socio-economic standards of the society.

Labour from agriculture and allied sectors has been much beneficial to the construction arena which was found to be more

remunerative for the labourers in the locality and nereby. Expansion and betterment of the National Highway passing through the

area have opened up sufficient opportunities for a considerable section of the community to venture into various kinds of business

concerns. But, a negative attitude is noticed from the part of the local laboures in making substantial out turn for the payments they

receive. This has caused the job providers to engage labourers from outside state (Odisha, West Bengal, Assam etc). Usually, hard

works are taken up by these persons from outside. These people do make use of this opportunity for making very good earnings.

Almost all households in the area have Bank Accounts. Most of the financial assistances related with various State and

Central Schemes/Projects are transacted through these Accounts. This has greatly motivated a good number of households to

develop a habit of saving from their income.

Population


25

Sl. No

Name of Watershed

Total Population

Population General SC ST BPL Male Female Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total

1 Kakkathoppu 21327 10465 10862 9213 9812 19025 910 1050 1960 168 174 342 4929 5017 9946

2 Meenad 2 8614 4216 4398 3832 4150 7982 288 313 601 14 17 31 1350 1438 2788 3 Neelamthazham 20812 10202 10610 9700 10508 20208 280 305 585 8 10 18 4827 5019 9846 4 Mylakkad 13572 6416 7156 6372 6904 13276 129 139 268 20 18 38 2411 2503 4914 5 Meenad 1 14487 7115 7372 7115 7372 14487 89 136 225 15 19 34 3222 3561 6783 6 Uppukadavu 7200 3084 4116 3288 3562 6850 143 154 297 25 27 52 1459 1720 3179 7 Plakkadu 21980 10683 11297 10386 11252 21638 151 163 314 14 14 28 5108 5399 10507

SHGs Identified in the Villages

20%8%

19%13%

13%

7%20%

Population

Kakkathoppu

Meenad 2

Neelamthazham

Mylakkad

Meenad 1

Uppukadavu

Plakkadu


26

1 2 4 5 6 7

No.

Watershed Nos No. of members No. of SC/ST in each category

No. of BPL in each category

Date of

form-ation

Category M F Total M F Total M F Total

1 Mylakkadu 89

(i) Landless 118 126 244 28 38 66 54 72 126 2012 April-May (ii) SF 261 258 519 11 12 23 96 101 197

(iii) MF 5996 6718 12714 85 96 181 2253 2323 4577 (iv) LF 41 54 95 6 10 16 8 7 15

Total 6416 7156 13572 130 156 286 2411 2503 4915

2 Meenadu 1 73

(i) Landless 103 111 214 25 27 52 94 92 186 2012 April-May

(ii) SF 813 828 1641 33 36 69 485 494 979 (iii) MF 6185 6422 12607 65 69 134 2789 2820 5609 (iv) LF 14 11 25 6 8 14 4 5 9

Total 7115 7372 14487 129 140 269 3372 3411 6783

3 Meenadu 2 45


(ii) SF 354 393 748 82 90 172 123 143 266 (iii) MF 3777 3904 7680 184 230 414 1192 1250 2442 (iv) LF 29 29 58 8 6 14 6 7 13

Total 4216 4398 8615 291 341 632 1350 1438 2721

4 Uppu-kadavu 39


(ii) SF 478 512 990 24 25 49 234 251 485 (iii) MF 2524 3501 6025 137 145 282 1186 1645 2831 (iv) LF 28 40 68 4 3 7 11 17 28

Total 3084 4116 7200 172 173 350 1459 1720 3405

5 Plakkadu 157


(ii) SF 4101 4170 8271 18 18 36 2009 2044 4053

(iii) MF 6398 6924 13322 118 115 233 3007 3254 6261


27

(iv) LF 32 40 72 6 15 21 13 16 29

Total 10683 11297 21980 164 178 342 5108 5399 10507

6 Neelam-thazham

97

(i) Landless 133 128 261 13 12 25 69 67 136

2012 April-May

(ii) SF 1547 1599 3146 30 33 63 758 784 1542

(iii) MF 8425 8760 17185 247 291 538 3960 4117 8077

(iv) LF 97 123 220 6 4 10 40 51 91

Total 10202 10610 20812 296 340 636 4827 5019 9846

7 Kakka-thoppu

104

(i) Landless 126 129 255 49 72 121 65 67 132

2012 April-May

(ii) SF 1367 1413 2780 120 119 239 670 692 1362

(iii) MF 8923 9245 18168 895 917 1912 4194 4227 8421

(iv) LF 49 75 124 14 16 30 20 31 51

Total 10465 10862 21327 10078 1124 2302 4949 5017 9966


28

Type of Household Cooking Fuel

Mylakkadu

Meenadu 1

Meenadu 2

Kakkathopu

Neelamthazham

Plakkadu

Uppukadavu

electrified houses 4475 3563 1570 4717 5302 5469 1927non-electrified houses 46 18 5 27 25 26 18

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000Household Electricity Facilities

Sl.No Name of Watershed Wood L.P.G Bio gas Electricity

1 Mylakkadu 2366 2098 23 34 2 Meenadu 1 2996 2072 8 27 3 Meenadu 2 550 910 5 110 4 Kakkathopu 1576 838 0 21 5 Neelamthazham 1819 3497 4 8 6 Plakkadu 2175 3278 18 24 7 Uppukadavu 1092 843 5 3


29

Main institutions in the project Area

Sl no Assets Nos Sl no Assets Nos

1 Major Roads 24 8 Post office 7

2 Primary Schools 20 9 Nationalized Bank 13

3 Secondary Schools 13 10 Co-Operative bank 12

4 High Schools 5 11 Market 11

5 ITI,ITC 5 12 Agro-industries 34

6 Primary Health Centre 11 13 Milk society 21

7 Veterinary Hospitals 12 14 Anganvadis 43 (Source: Baseline survey-GPK)

II.11. Agriculture and Land Use

Ithikkara had once excelled both in dry and wetland agriculture. Till the recent past, agriculture remained a prestigious

occupation of the people of the areas. There was a time when a ‘worker’ implied an ‘agricultural worker engaged in paddy

cultivation’. Once in Adichanalloor Panchayat alone, 470.95 hectares was under paddy cultivation. But today it has shrunken to a

few hectares. Similarly, in Nedumpana Panchayat, 200 hectares of land was once under paddy whereas 1576 ha of land was under

dry land agriculture. But today agriculture is practiced only in limited and scattered areas.

The areas included under IWMP had witnessed tremendous changes in the agriculture sector during the last several years.

One major issue is the fragmentation of land for housing and industrial purposes. Diseases have also contributed to large scale

decline of agriculture in the area. Coconut cultivation has drastically reduced because of wide spread diseases, shortage of

labourers for crop maintenance and harvesting etc. Farm labourers became reluctant to work in the rice fields. A major section of


30

the farmers and labourers, due to various reasons including increasing cost of cultivation, scarcity for labour, unorganised marketing

systems, incidence of pests and diseases etc, began turning their back on agriculture. On the other hand, uncontrolled sand mining

has resulted in the deepening of the river bottom. Environmental issues like salt water intrusion, water scarcity etc also had adverse

impacts on agriculture in the areas.

Agricultural Land Use in the Project Area

Sl No

Name of Watershed

Area (ha)

Paddy (ha)

Mixed Crops(ha)

Rubber (ha)

Built up

Land(ha)

Water logged

(ha)

Waste land (ha)

Coconut (ha)

Cashew (ha)

Paddy+ MC(ha)

1 Mylakkadu 807.7 - 131.83 17 179.41 25.72 20.84 309.85 101.85 22.5

2 Meenadu 1 674.8 - 125.25 - 26 - 23.51 483.20 - 16.84

3 Meenadu 2 472.8 1 35 1.86 20 120 85.74 135 - 74.2

4 Plakkadu 935 1.53 215.08 54.53 34 117.26 - 491 - 21.6

5 Kakkathoppu 858.7 15 443.02 17 20 36.13 4.54 187.8 - 135.21

6 Nelamthazham 907.6 38.8 577.42 9.07 4.14 41.94 48.9 101.07 - 86.26

7 Uppukadavu 260.4 - 24.88 - 6.83 39.32 40.95 137.93 10.49 -

(Source: Krishibhavan data, baseline survey & PNP-GPK)


31

Productivity of major crops Crop Productivity

Coconut 5256 nuts/ha

Tapioca 28911 kg/ha

Vegetables 1400 kg/ha

Banana 25t/ha

Rubber 1375 kg/ha

Pepper 800 kg/ha

Areca nut 15490 N/ha

Paddy 2308 kg/ha


32


33

II.12. Animal Husbandry and Dairying Current status of livestock management in the watersheds is not promising. The farmers have turned to the rearing of new

breeds for better income. Local breeds have almost been discarded by them. Fragmentation of land, changes in land use pattern,

non availability of local paddy straw etc are also to be considered as reasons for the sparing of the local cattle breeds.

On the other hand, the cost of maintenance of the new breeds is very high. This has started dissuading the farmers from

livestock management. But livestock has to be considered one of the major sectors in the context of the identified watersheds as the

communities are by and large depending on external markets for milk. If the interested individuals and social groups in the area are

properly motivated, assisted and trained in proper livestock management, the watersheds can become self-sufficient in the case

milk.

This Project explores the possibilities of livestock development in the area under its Livelihood and Production Systems

Components. Interested persons are oriented to act in groups instead of venturing individually and in a scattered manner.

Livestock population in the Project Area

Sl.No Watershed Cow Buffalo Pig Goat Cock 1 Mylakkadu 1391 22 19 3142 8420

2 Meenadu 1 1130 10 0 1090 14500

3 Meenadu 2 310 10 0 292 950

4 Kakkathoppu 2591 135 0 3210 6178

5 Neelamthazham 420 52 0 392 1288

6 Plakkadu 1220 12 0 1350 15800

7 Uppukadavu 60 4 0 250 390


34

II.13. Soil Soil types vary in the watershed from the red colour soil (Laterite soil) to sandy loams. The slopes are prone to erosion. The

following table illustrates the soil types of the watershed and locations of each soil category

SOIL TYPES IN ITHIKKARA, MUGHATHALA, KOTTARAKARA BLOCK (OLD TERMINOLOGY) Blocks Type of Soil Details of location

Ithikkara, Mukhathala Kottarakara

Sandy loam Mukhathala, Adhichanalloor, Poothakkulam

Laterite soil Kareepra, Chathannoor

Maping Unit Description Major Soils Major soils Inclusions

SOILS OF THE LOW LANDS

K07

Very deep, well drained, gravelly clay soils on gently sloping costal laterites, with moderate erosion, associated with very deep, well drained, gravelly clay soils with moderate surface gravelliness

clayey-skeletal, kaolinitic kandiustults clayey-skeletal, kaolinitic kanhaplustults

loamy-skeletal, Mixed ustoxic Dystropepts clayey, kaolinitic kandiustults

SOIL OF THE MIDLANDS

K12

very deep, well drained, gravelly clay soils with moderate surface gravelliness on gently sloping midland laterites with valleys of southern Kerala, with moderate erosion; associated with very deep, well drained, clayey soils

Clayey-skeletal, Kaolinitic,Ustic Kanhaplohumults Clayey, kaolinitic, Typic Kandiustults

Fine-loamy, mixed, Aquic Ustifluvents Clayey-skeletal, Kaolinitic,Typic Kanhaplustults

Source : Kerala State Land use Board


35


36

Project


37

Budget

Project Component

Micro watersheds and Treatable Areas 612c

907.6 Ha 612a

935.0 Ha 612k 858.7Ha

611b 807.7 Ha

6123a 674.8

6123c 472.8

6124a 260.4

Amount in Rs Administration. 7,375,500 1,361,400 1,402,500 1,288,050 1,211,535 1,012,260 709,185 390,570 Monitoring 737,550 136,140 140,250 128,805 121,154 101,226 70,919 39,057 Evaluation 737,550 136,140 140,250 128,805 121,154 101,226 70,919 39,057 Entry Point Activities 2,950,200 544,560 561,000 515,220 484,614 404,904 283,674 156,228 capacity building 3,687,750 680,700 701,250 644,025 605,768 506,130 354,593 195,285 DPR Preparation 737,550 136,140 140,250 128,805 121,154 101,226 70,919 39,057 Watershed works 41,302,800 7,623,840 7,854,000 7,213,080 6,784,596 5,668,656 3,971,436 2,187,192 Livelihood Activities 6,637,950 1,225,260 1,262,250 1,159,245 1,090,382 911,034 638,267 351,513 Production System& ME 7,375,500 1,361,400 1,402,500 1,288,050 1,211,535 1,012,260 709,185 390,570 Consolidation Phase 2,212,650 408,420 420,750 386,415 363,461 303,678 212,756 117,171 73,755,000 13,614,000 14,025,000 12,880,500 12,115,350 10,122,600 7,091,850 3,905,700

II.14. Capacity Building and IEC

One of the main aspects of IWMP consists in the building up the capacity of the watershed community to plan, implement,

monitor and evaluate various development activities under the watershed project. Tentative Action Plans for the purpose have been

prepared. Trainings in the Technological, Administrative and Financial aspects of the project have been conceived in the schedules.

Various stakeholders related with the project shall comprise the clientele groups to be trained. IEC principles are also taken into

account along with the capacity Building process.


38

Training Programme

Sl No Subject Title Target Group Year wise Budget (in Lakhs)

I II III IV Total

1 Features of IWMP General people and Watershed Committee and officials

1.25 1.50 0.50 0.50 3.75

2 Production Systems Management

SHGs, UGs and Beneficiaries 1.25 1.00 1.00 0.50 3.75

3 Watershed Management: Concept and Approach

Watershed Committee and Officials 1.00 1.00 0.50 0000 2.50

4 Roles and Responsibilities Peoples’ Representative of PRIs

District , Block, Grama Panchayat Members

1.50 0.50 0.50 0000 2.50

5 Concept of Watershed Management and Sustainable Development

Implementing Officers, other officials and stake holders

1.00 0.50 0.50 0000 2.00

6

Management ofLivelihood Support Systems . Book Keeping, Accounting and Auditing

User Group, SHGs, Watershed Committees

1.00 1.50 1.00 0000 3.50

7 Management of Revolving Fund and Financial Discipline

SHGs 1.00 1.00 0.50 1.00 2.50

8 Exposure Visit SHGs, Watershed Committees, UGs 1.00 1.00 0.50 2.50

9 Micro Enterprises and Value Addition UGs and SHGs 0.5 0.75 0.50 0.25 2.00

10 Livestock Management for economic growth

SHGs , UGs and Beneficiaries 0.5 0.75 0.50 0.25 2.00

Total 10 9.5 6 1.5 27.00


39

Information Education and Communication (IEC) Plan

1

Programme for generating awareness in Watershed Concepts among Students. (Slide shows, Presentations, Competition Programmes etc)

Educational Institutions

1.00 1.00 2.00

2 Road Shows Public 0.50 0.50 1.00

3 Use of Posters, Sickers, Banners , Calendars, Slides etc

Community 1.00 0.50 0.50 2.00

4 Hand Books, Broachers Community 1.00 0.50 0.50 2.00

5 Quiz Programmes, Competitions and Melas

Students, Youth, Women etc 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 2.00

Total 2.5 3.00 3.00 0.50 9.00

II.15. Entry Point Activities

Seven Entry Point Activities have been selected in connection with this project. The execution of the EPAs shall be a valuable

lesson and experience for the concerned communities in the participatory aspects contained in the mode of implementation

stipulated for various development activities envisaged under IWMP. The PRA and FGD etc were very useful in the process of

identifying the EPAs too. The details of EPAs are tabulated hereunder.

All of the Works identified as Entry Point Activities are related with the protection and development of water sources in the

project area. Works required for the development of certain streams and ponds have been included under this. Some wells have

also been identified for providing with them suitable measures to enhance recharging. These works will be very much beneficial to


40

most of the members in Groups. These water sources developed under this component can be utilized for raising suitable crops

including vegetables in the adjoining land holdings. Each of these works will be carried out by the concerned Users’ Group and Self

Help Groups constituted for the purpose. These Groups will continue to maintain and manage these structures during the post

project period also.

Entry Point Activities

Sl.N0 Watersheds Panchayat Ward Particulars of work Amunt in Rs

01 Neelamthazham Nedumpana 12 Rising of bank and putting up of ring bund for the Pond 2,15,000

02 Plakkad Nedumpana 13 Construction of retaining wall in Chalakkara colony thodu 3,47,000

03 Kakkathopp Pooyappally 1 Renovation of Alamonchira in ward 1 of Pooyapally Gp 4,20,000

04 Mylakkad Adichanalloor 13 Construction of side wall for Moozhiyil thodu 5,00,000

05 Meenad I Chathannoor 12 Construction of side wall for Chathannoor- Meenadu thodu 4,23,000

06 Meenad II Chirakkara 13 Side wall of thodu near Anchampoika Pump house 1,10,000

07 Uppukadav Chirakkara 15 Construction of Side wall for kallamkodi poika vadakkathu 4,00,000

08 Well recharge in all watersheds 5,35,200

Total 29,50,200


41


42

II.16. Major Problems in the Project Area Following are some of the general issues noticed in the area.

Land degradation due to soil erosion and fall in productivity Excessive runoff during monsoons leading to loss of water from the area

Ground water depletion due to poor recharge

Scarcity for water in the area during off monsoon period

Water sources get damaged due to poor management of them

Advancement of Gullies and encroachment of drainage courses

Environment pollution caused by poor waste management and uncontrolled application of agro-chemicals

Uncontrolled conversion and fragmentation of land

Biodiversity degradation

Neglect of Common property resources in the area

Salt water intrusion during peak summer in the tail end of the project areas.

Uncontrolled sand and mud extraction from streams and wetlands

Scarcity for agricultural labourers

Fallowing

Agriculture and allied sectors becoming unremunerative due to high cost of production and incidence of pests and diseases

Unorganized farmers and inconsistent production systems

Non availability of various critical inputs required for improving the production aspects of agriculture and allied areas.


43

II.17. Major NRM Interventions Proposed The following are some of the major interventions proposed in this area with a view to conserve and develop the natural

resources. Rain Pits /Recharge Pits

Pits of appropriate dimensions are made at suitable locations in the watersheds for augmenting recharge of ground water

through enhanced percolation of rain water. These pits may also be termed as rain pits. This is an intervention suitable for areas

with moderate slopes. Plant Basins can also act as efficient recharge pits. Number and spacing of the pits shall be conducive to the

land use in each holding. Rain pits are not recommended for areas with higher and for locations under water logging.

Trenches

Contour or stagerred trenches can be formed in moderately sloping lands to trap run off. The excavated soil shall be used to

shape an embankment along the downstream edge of the trench. This embankment shall be planted with suitable plants including

fodder.

Terracing

Terracing is a practice of leveling land for minimizing soil erosion and excessive run off. The intervention helps in enhancing

recharge of ground water. Usually table top, inwardly inclining and outwardly inclining are the three types of terraces in our areas.

Inwardly inclined terracing shall not be practiced in steep slopes and in landslide prone areas. Narrow terraces are recommended

for higher slopes and wider terraces are suited in moderate slope. But practice of forming Terraces in highly sloping areas shall be

discouraged for the threat of landslides/slips.


44

Jungle Stone Pitched Contour Bunds

Stone Pitched Contour Bunding is one of the widely accepted interventions for soil and water conservation in the areas where

the stone material is locally available. It is cost effective and simple to construct. In lands with higher slopes graded stone bunds are

preferred to eliminate chances of landslides/slips. Generally, Stone Pitched Contour Bunds are recommended for slopes between

20 % and 30 % with excessive run off. Spacing of the bunds shall be determined on the basis of the slope factor. These bunds need

to be reinforced with appropriate vegetative sps like fodder grass, pineapple suckers, vetiver, stylosanthus etc.

Earthen Bunds

Earthen bunds of varying dimensions are proposed for slopes upto about 20% with appropriate vegetation. In higher slopes

earthen bunds may not last and may require frequent and costly maintenance. Earthen bunds are to be provided along contours.

They can also be made in the form of Column Bunds, Batter Bunds, Circular Bunds, Crescent Bunds etc as the local conditions

permit.

Live Fences

Live Fencing is a multi-purpose method with regard to conservation and development of soil. Selection of suitable sps will

provide green manure for enriching soil. Live fences can control evaporation from topsoil due to the action of hot air during summer.

Also, the fence can control to a considerable extend destructive encroachment of stray animals etc into farm lands. Improvement of

biomass and protection of vegetation/crops from various pests by hosting for natural predators are other important attributes of the

intervention. Cassia, Hibiscus, Lettuce, Glyricidia, Vetiver etc can be tried as per local preference and suitability with land land use.


45

Tree Basins

Formation of tree basins is an effective method to enhance conservation of rain water in a tremendous and effective manner.

The basins shall be designed on the basis of the tree/plant. However it shall catch maximum water from the canopy. Basins are

normally circular. But in sloppy lands it may be crescent shaped. The berms around the basin shall be reinforced with suitable

vegetation. Mulching can also be adopted in the plant basins for controlling evaporation loss. This practice will also augment

productivity of the trees/plants in a substantial manner.

Gully Plugging

Appropriate Gully control measures are to be adopted in the watersheds for checking the loss and deterioration of land

resources in the areas. Widening and deepening of gullies, breech of the gully banks, damage caused by gullies to adjoining land

etc need to be controlled under the watershed development projects. Cross Bars, Stone Checks, log Checks, Brushwood Checks,

Live Checks, Flow Trap pits/Sinks, side protection measurers etc are to be considered for the purpose. As far as possible,

vegetative support is to be provided to the Gully Banks instead of bluntly choosing structural works.

Renewal of Old Stone Bunds

Renewal of old stone bunds could be done by replacing the loose packing of stones of the top layers. The renewal work shall

be limited to a height of 45 cm in the damaged upper part of the old but otherwise stable Bunds. Such Bunds, after repair, shall be

supported with suitable vegetative sps.


46

Compost Pit

The topsoil of a large extent of agricultural land in the watersheds has lost its quality with respect to water holding capacity

and productivity due to depletion in its organic matter content. The practice of organic mannuring needs to be popularized in the

areas to overcome this setback. Maximum households in the identified watersheds shall be motivated to the production of compost

from organic wastes from the household premises and the farm lands. This will serve the dual purposes of the disposal of organic

waste and the production of compost material for enhancement of the quality and productivity of soil in the locations. 3x1.5x1m shall

be the typical size of a compost pit. But the dimensions can vary according to the site conditions.

Vermi Compost

Vermi compost is an effective method for making better compost material at the house hold level. The seepage water from

the tank is a good source of nutrients and can be collected in a container and can be sprayed to crops.

Well Recharging

Water scarcity is one of the major problems in the watershed area during summer. Years of neglect of the of water

conservation practices in the area have caused this problem. Though the watershed receives about 2500 mm rain fall annually,

water scarcity is acute in most of the areas. Most of the wells in the upper areas of the watersheds remain dried up for months

together every year. This is an indication of the lowering of water table in the areas due to poor recharge. Additional measures to

recharge the wells can be taken up in the area to solve the problem. Recharge pits of appropriate dimensons made at suitable

locations adjacent and upstream to the affected wells so that recharge to the wells can be augmented. Inoculating surface water

direct to ground water shall be technically restricted as water containing dissolved pollutantas might cause serious pollution of groud

water. As such, diverting filtered roof water direct into the wells is not normaly encorraged under this project. But the practice of


47

diverting clear and pure surface water through some kind of appropriate filtering machanisms like layers of charcoal, pebbles, gravel

and sand can be adopted in the case of wells located in areas faceing the problem of salt water intrusion for flushing. Hot box

This project advocates propagating use of non-conventional energy in the watershed households. This practice

will be economic, eco-friendly and pollution-free. As an opening, the project suggests to motivate households to make use of hot

boxes also in cooking. It will help moderating the use of petroleum gas product and firewood in cooking.

Production Systems and Micro Enterprises

Banana Cultivation

Banana cultivation is a promising activity for farmers in the light of new agricultural scenario. Banana has duel potential as a

raw fruit and processed items such as Banana powder, chips and other associated products. The organic wastes available from the

household if composted can be used as manure for the crop. The existing waste land can be made productive through banana

cultivation. For Kudumbasree units as well as self help groups, this is an appropriate income generation programme. One important

point to be emphasized in the cultivation process is to minimize the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides in the field. The focus

should be on organic methods.

Coconut farming

Though the name Kerala is linked much with the “Kera” (coconut), a pride of every Keralite, the status of kera is getting bleak over the years. It is facing a severe crisis across Kerala. One of the major issues is the disease like Kattuveezhcha (Root wilt) and coconut mite attack. Lack of good quality seed materials and higher charges of coconut pluckers are another threat


48

for the sustenance of the crop. On the other hand, coconut and coconut products have great market in India and abroad. Nearly 30 different products are currently made out of coconut and its palms. It is one of the highly benefitting commercial crop. To revive this crop, there needs to be multi pronged approaches such as controlling of diseases, supply of new seedlings, irrigation facilities, training on coconut climbing etc. Along with these, new employment opportunities, new business ventures could be generated.

Tuber Crops

Tubers are one of the nutrient rich food supplements that are in great demand for consumption. Cultivation of tubers is a best strategy to increase productivity by utilizing the wasteland as well as inter-space between crops. This crop could also be cultivated in existing mono-cropping areas. Tubers have other advantage such as; it can be grown organically and is one of the food crops categories that are free from pesticide contamination. Farmers can use organic waste for cultivating tubers. It is also relatively free from diseases which are major threat in many other crops. Cultivation of tubers also improves soil quality through better aeration as well as addition of organic matter by way of decomposing leaves and plant materials. Tuber crop promotion is an important activity in the watershed area.

Vegetable Cultivation

Keralites are fully depending on other states for vegetables. These vegetables that arrive from the neighboring states are highly contaminated with toxic compounds through the pesticide applications. As a result, the Keralites are increasingly getting affected with diseases. Though Kerala is blessed with suitable environment like availability of water, prolonged monsoon, etc for the production of many vegetables, there is an apparent lacking of interest among people to cultivate vegetables. Vegetable cultivation is an easy job for those who are interested. A variety of vegetables could be cultivated either in rooftops, carry bags, back yards or in pots. It could also be upgraded to commercial level. People could cultivate them on group basis also on lease land or on own lands. Vegetable cultivation is also an important activity to conserve our traditional varieties of vegetables. Promotion of vegetable cultivation is an important component in the programme.


49

Livelihood Support Systems Tailoring Units

It is a much demanded and profitable craft that can be practiced at household and group level. The benefit of this program

should be made available to young ladies who have been trained in this craft. The selection of beneficiaries of this must be on the

basis of the principles and practices envisaged in the related guidelines issued by SLNA for the purpose. Required grading and

ranking of the Groups shall be done on the basis of their performance before identifying the beneficiary groups for providing

assistance under the livelihood component. Required marketing system for selling the products/service shall be worked out through

the combined efforts of PIA, WDT and Watershed Committee before commencing the livelihood systems..

Poultry Units

Back yard Poultry is identified as a potential livelihood for the poor househols in the project area. Interested Self Help Groups

can be motivated to take up small poultry units under this project. Groups consisting of members from landless, SC/ST, OBC, BPL

etc categories shall get preference in the process of selecting eligible Groups

Rabbit rearing

Rabbit rearing is turning out to be a very lucrative entreprise now as the demand for rabbit meat is ever in the increase.

EligibleSelf-Help Groups identified on the basis of performance grading and ranking can be given assistance under this project as

per provisions in the guidelines.


50

Goat Rearing:

Goat Rearing on homestead and group basis is a profitable livelihood activity that can support thr rural poor in the project

area in enhancing household income in a sustainable manner As the gestation period is short and the number of the lambs per

litter is usually two or more, goat rearing can be a very useful income generating livelihood for the area.Groups eligible on the basis

of grading and ranking can be given assistance under the project as per the guidelines.

Coconut climbing devices:

The shortage of skilled labourers for undertaking the harvest of coconuts has grown as a big problem faced by coconut

growers in the area. Providing the interested Community Groups with adequate number of the climbing device developed by certain

agencies on the basis of the recognition of the Dept of Agriculture can be a great relief to the affected farmers.Interested persons

from concerned Self Help Groups can be given required training in using the device. This can be a source of income for those

members working in association with concerned Self Help Grpoups.

Cattle shed.

Concern and conditions for hygene is considered as very important aspects of good Livestock Management Systems.Clean

and convenient cattle sheds are indispensible for making livestock management by the SHGs attractive, safe and profitable. But,

many of the cattle sheds in the area are found to be in an unhygienic and dilapidated condition. Hence this program envisages a

plan to provide clean and hygienic cattle sheds to the promising farmers in the locality involved in cattle rearing. Assistance under

this project is provided on Group basis as seed money.


51

II.18. Convergence

Since IWMP contains the perspective of holistic development of the watersheds and the related communities, the project fund

derived on the cost structure followed for the programme may not be sufficient to take up all activities inevitable for realizing the

objectives conceived. Under the circumstance, it becomes essential to converge suitable components from other ongoing parallel

programmes of the State and Central Governments operationalised in the areas with the action plans of IWMP for better and more

sustainable results. In fact, the scope of Convergence of IWMP and MGNREGS is wonderful.

So also, components from projects implemented in the areas by the development agencies/departments like Soil and Water

Conservation, Minor Irrigation, Agriculture, Animal husbandry, Dairy Development, Fisheries, Social Forestry etc can be very

effectively converged on the IWMP platform. Support of Literacy Mission, KudumbaSree etc. can also be utilized for making IWMP

more participatory, inclusive and effective.

The Neighborhood Groups, Self Help groups, Users Groups, Watershed Committee, the related officials, the PRIs etc need

to take joint initiative to work out a Convergence Plan for the areas. The Block Level Coordination Committee can take very effective

steps in this line. More effective convergence plan can be evolved through an elaborate PRA process on the neighborhood area

basis. This will also help formulating more realistic and need based labour budgets for MGNREGS with long term applicability and

acceptability in the concerned areas.

Annual Action Plan SL No Activities (NRM) unit

Rate in Rs Physical Financial

Ist year IInd year IIIrd year Ivth Year Physical Financial Physical Financial Physical Financial Physical Financial


52

A LandDevelopment

1 Agroforestry Nos 60 25,300

1,518,000

5,060

303,600

8,855

531,300

6,325

379,500

5,060

303,600

2 Live Fencing RM 50 15,318

765,900

3,063

153,150

5,361

268,050

3,830

191,500

3,064

153,200

B Soil & Moisture Conservation

-

-

-

-

3 Earthen Contour Bund RM 25 167,450 4,186,250 33,490

837,250

58,608

1,465,200

41,862

1,046,550 33,490

837,250

4 Stone Contour Bund M2 145 29,850

4,328,250

5,970

865,650

10,447

1,514,815

7,463

1,082,135

5,970

865,650

5 Bit Trenches RM 80 19,250

1,540,000

3,850

308,000

6,736

538,880

4,814

385,120

3,850

308,000

6 Agrostology Along Contour RM 8.8 118,550

1,043,240 23,710

208,648

41,492

365,130

29,638

260,814 23,710

208,648

C Gully Plugging - - - - 7 Check Dam Nos 7500 653 4,897,500 130 75,000 229 1,717,500 163 1,222,500 131 982,500

8 Cross Bar Nos 4000 396

1,584,000

79

316,000

138

552,000

100

400,000

79

316,000

D Water Harvesting Structure ( WHS) New

-

-

-

-

9 Recharge/ Percolation Pits M3 118

27,100

3,197,800

5,420

639,560

9,485

1,119,230

6,775

799,450

5,420

639,560

10 Well Recharge Structure Nos 10000

205

2,050,000

10

100,000

145

1,450,000 40

400,000

10

100,000

10 Rain Water Tank Ltr 6 325,000

1,950,000

15,000

90,000

145,000

870,000

145,000

870,000

20,000

120,000

D2 Rennovation -

-

-

-

11 Stream Bank Protection (Structural) RM 2100

3,655

7,675,500

180

378,000

1,565

3,286,500

1,530

3,213,000

380

798,000

12 Bank Stebilization RM


53

(Vegitative) 596,762 - 202,500 225,000 169,262

13 Pond Nos

1,700,000 -

650,000

1,050,000

14 Stream Desiltation M3 15,000

-

15,000

-

-

15 Well Renovation Nos 711,810

-

117,810

474,000

120,000

E Others -

-

-

-

16 Compost Tank (NADP Model) Nos 5000

258

1,290,000

52

260,000

90

450,000

64

320,000

52

260,000

17 Biogas Unit (Portable) Nos 13500 162

2,187,000

32

432,000

54

729,000

42

567,000

34

459,000

18 Culvert (others) 1

50,000

1

50,000

Add for unforseen items and rounding 15788

-

-

-

15,788

Total

5,866,858 15,892,915

12,886,569

6,656,458

Note: AAP prepared including Beneficiary contribution

II.19. Watershed Development Fund (WDF)

A separate fund called Watershed Development Fund-WDF- is maintained under the project. One of the mandatory

conditions for the selection of Watersheds under the programme is the readiness of the concerned watershed community to

contribute to the Watershed Development Fund (WDF). All the receipts including the beneficiary contribution from the watershed

community shall be deposited in the WDF. In the case of contributions in kind and labour, amount equal to the value of the same

shall be drawn from the Project Fund Account and deposited in the WDF. A clear procedure with regard to the management of the

WDF during the Post Project Period shall necessarily be laid down in the consolidation phase itself.


54

II.20. Outcomes Expected from the Project Sl.No Particulars Expected Result

1 Additional Area brought Under Agriculture 180 Ha 2 Additional Area brought Under Irrigation 978 Ha 3 Extent of Waste Land brought Under Cultivation 45 Ha I Production of Different Crop 1 Coconut 367500 nos 2 Vegetable 144 MT 3 Tapioca 1192 MT 4 Elephant Foot Yam 150 MT 5 Banana 236.6 MT 6 Colocacia 30 MT 7 Tuber Crop 6 MT 8 Increase in Ground Water level 1 m 9 Seasonal Streams turn Perennial 11 Stream II Live Stock Population 1 Goat 114 Nos 2 Poultry 1748 Nos 3 Rabit Unit 19 Nos 4 Duck 128 Nos III Micro Enterprises 1 Tailoring Unit for Women 57 Nos 2 Mushroom Units for Women 23 Nos 3 Fish Processing Unit for Land Less People 7 Unit 4 Ornament making unit 2 Nos 5 Banana Chips Unit 1 6 Ornamental fish culture unit 90 7 Tender Coconut Stall for Land Less People 3 Units IV Area developed through Soil and Water Conservation 1500 Ha V Expected Employment generation from project interventions 30000 Mandays


55

II.21. Exit Protocol

Watershed Development Fund is the main source of financial assistance for the post implementation period of the watershed

development project. This account is distinct from the Watershed Project Account opened by the Watershed Committees (WC).

Peoples’ readiness to contribute is one of the mandatory conditions for the selection of villages for watershed project. The

contribution to WDF shall be a minimum 10 % of the cost of NRM works executed in private land holdings. In case of SC/ST, small

and marginal farmers, the minimum contribution shall be 5 % of cost of NRM works executed in their land.

Such contributions would be accepted either in cash at the time of execution of works or as voluntary labour. A sum

equivalent to the monetary value of the voluntary labour contributed by the concerned persons or groups shall be transferred from

the Watershed Project Account to the WDF. User Charges and other amounts generated and collected under the project including

income earned from assets created under the project on common property resources etc shall invariably go to the WDF. Beneficiary

contribution against grant given under Production Systems Management shall also be credited to WDF. Minimum of such

contributions shall be 10 percent for general category and 5 percent for SC/ST beneficiaries. The will meet the cost of farming

system activity to a maximum limit of project funds admissible under the Production Systems management shall be an amount equal

to double the unit cost of the concerned project (i.e. Rs 15,000X2/12,000X2 per ha as the case may be).

The Secretary, Watershed Committee (WC) shall maintain separate Accounts and Records in respect of the WDF. Rules for

operation of the fund should be prepared by the Watershed Committee (WC) and approved by the Watershed Gram Sabha. The

WDF bank account will be operated by the President of the Gram Panchayat and any implementing officers from the Grama

Panchayat as designated by necessary Govt. orders. The basics directives as laid down in the Common Guidelines for Watershed

Programmes issued by the GoI shall not normally be overlooked. Nodal Ministry may also evolve appropriate protocols for the

management of the WDF by the concerned watershed community.


56

II.22. Important Phases and Processes involved in the preparation of the DPR 22-9-2011

First meeting with the Project Manager of the District was held on 22nd September 2011. Various aspects of IWMP and the

Batch II Watershed Projects in the district were discussed in detail.

29-9-2011

Afterwards, a meeting of all the elected members of the Local Self Governments related to the cluster of watersheds was

held on 29.9.2011. Many of the officers of the line departments also attended the meeting.The Project details were explained in the

meeting.

1-10-2011 to 30-10-2011

Cadastral maps of the Nedumpana, Adichanalloor, Chathanoor, Thrikoilvattam, Chirakkara, Poothakulam, Mayyanadu,

Kareepra, Pooyappally watersheds were collected from the concerned village offices and from the state level office of survey and

land records during the period. Also, the boundaries of the micro watersheds included in the cluster were demarcated in the

cadastral maps.

Identification of watershed boundaries in the field

Later on, a team comprised of various stakeholders of the project at field level including the elected members of the

Panchayats visited all the seven Micro Watersheds in the cluster. During the visit, the members of the team themselves got

familiarized with the watershed boundaries in the field with the help of the cadastral maps. The visit was very useful as the team


57

could get a clear picture of the status of various aspects of the project areas. Then the maps were digitized watershed wise for

properly using them in the processes involved in the preparation of DPR.

Workshop at Grama Panchayat level

A series of workshops were conducted at Gram Panchayat and Block Panchayat levels to sensitise the elected

representatives of Local Bodies in the concept of IWMP and Watershed Projects under it. Some of the local persons volunteered to

associate with the projects and related officers from the PIA Block also attended the workshops along with the elected members.

The workshops were held during the period from 9-11-2011 to 7-12-2011 at Adichanlloor, Nedumpana, Chatahnoor, Chirakkara,

Poothakkulam, Thrukovilvattam, Pooyappally, Kareepra, Mayannad Grama Panchayats. These workshops were very useful as the

participants could get familiarized with the concept behind ‘watershed based development’.

Later on, two additional programmes were conducted at the Ithikkara Block office for the members who failed to participate in

the earlier workshops. The first of the additional workshops was conducted for the members from Adichanalloor, Chathannor,

Poothakulam, Chirakkara and Pooyappally Gram Panchayats. Members from Mayyanad, Nedumpana, Thrukovilvattam and

Kareepra GramaPanchayats attended the second one.

Formation of Panchayat level Watershed Committee

A meeting was held in each Panchayat and the Watershed Committees were formed in the meetings. Members of the

Panchayat, Block Development Officer, representatives of the PIA and representatives of the TSO participated.


58

A field survey covering all the wards of the Panchayat that falls in each watershed area was conducted during this period to

demarcate the boundaries and to share information on how to form Self Help Groups or Neighbor Hood Groups in each of the

wards. This field study was also helpful in understanding the field conditions of the watershed areas.

Transect walk

A transect walk was conducted in the watershed to identify problems and opportunities prevailing at various locations of the

watersheds. Ward members also participated in the transect walk which provided much insight into the problems faced by people as

well as the quality and into the status of natural resources of the watershed area.

Formation of Self Help Groups

Self Help Groups were formed in each Grama Panchayat related to the watershed cluster. This was done by organising 50

neighboring families into Neighborhood Groups. The service of two facilitators was used for the purpose after giving them required

trainings. Elected members and TSO team together with the fecililitators undertook the task of formation of Self Help Groups. The

process enabled the TSO to build up the maximum community support for the project.

Preliminary data collection

After forming the SHGS, detailed socio-economic survey was conducted at households’ level to generate the related data.

Also, one to one interviews were conducted with farmers, agriculture laborers and other local members to gather more details direct

from the stakeholders.

Secondary data collection

Secondary data were collected from the offices of the concerned Grama Panchayats, Agricultural Department, Animal

Husbandry Department, Diary Extension Offices and the related Village offices.


59

Water Resources survey

An extensive survey of the water sources of the watershed (River, Streams, springs, Gullies etc) was conducted to get the

existing status of related parameters recorded for determining and incorporating appropriate measures and recommendations in the

DPR. Necessary markings were also made in cadastral map for proper references. Thus an intervention map was prepared.

Land use Map

A detailed land use map was prepared on the basis of the field conditions. Details gathered through the transect walks have

also been incorporated into this map.

Preliminary activities

This watershed project is featured with many essential activities which are beneficial to local people. These activities shall, no

doubt, attract people’s participation in the whole process. One of the major setbacks with the previous watershed projects was the

lack of people’s participation. But maximum participation from the community was ensured in almost all the processes involved in

the preparation of this document. The activities were done in a transparent and participatory way. It is well acknowledged that

People’s participation is the key factor that contributes greatly to the success of any watershed development programme.

Participatory Rural Appraisal

Several PRAs were conducted in various parts of the Project areas. All these PRAs were marked with elaborate people’s

participation. In this, social and resource maps, historic timelines, agricultural timelines and trends, Institutional pattern, Income and

expenditure of the families, inflow and outflow of income commodities/resources, climate change etc were discussed and mapped.

Local people pointed out agricultural problems and suggested many possible solutions. All these information were much useful for

the preparation of the DPR.


60

Environment day and watershed development

On the World Environment Day, a public meeting was organized to highlight the importance of environment protection. Mr.

R.Manoj, president of the Block Panchayat presided over the function. Mr.Jayapal, MLA, Chathanoor constituency inaugurated it. A

painting competition in a theme on environment was conducted for children. Elected members of Grama Panchayats and Block

Panchayat participated in the function. The TSO representatives explained the IWMP in the public meeting.

Application of GIS

GIS support has been used to formulate this DPR with innovate technical values and in a proper manner. Computer aided

designing and drawing methodologies have been followed in developing various maps in the DPR. The information collected

through GPS and the field surveys were incorporated to the Cadastral maps obtained from the revenue department. All the seven

micro watershed areas were delineated digitally and maps for each watershed have been prepared separately. These maps have

been made a part of the DPR and the same can be used for future planning process.

Maps Prepared and included in the DPR

Watershed map

Panchayat map

Land use map

Soil type map

Slope map

Geomorphology map

Digital terrain map


61

Intervention map.

Preparation of Detailed Project Report

The DPR was prepared after processing all the above mentioned information and consulting all stake holders. The systematic

surveys and application of GIS have helped to prepare the DPR in a more systematic way. Ithikkara Block Development Officer Mr.

Sanoj has reviewed the process periodically and given necessary pieces of advice. The elected members have cooperated well in

the process of preparing the DPR, especially in mobilizing people for participating in various activities.


62


63


64


65


66


67


68


69


70

DETAILED ESTIMATE Name of watershed : Kakkathoppu

Name of work: Renovation of Alamonchira in ward 1 of Pooyappally Grama Panchayat.

Item No Description

Measurements Quantity Unit Amount

No Length Breadth Depth

1

Earthwork excavation for ordinary soil foundation DR work and excavated earth filled in low level

portion of the proposed site.

Foundation 1 22.00 1.00 0.60 13.20 m3 Foundation 1 40.00 1.00 0.60 24.00 m3 Foundation 2 15.00 1.00 0.60 18.00 m3 Foundation 1 30.00 1.00 0.60 18.00 m3

Step 1 3.20 1.90 0.45 2.74 m3 Total 75.94 m3 Say 76.00m3 @ Rs 1117/10m3 8489.00

2

Dry stone masonry for retaining walls including all cost conveyance etc complete

Foundation 1 22.00 1.00 0.60 13.20 m3 Foundation 1 40.00 1.00 0.60 24.00 m3 Foundation 2 15.00 1.00 0.60 18.00 m3 Foundation 1 30.00 1.00 0.60 18.00 m3

Superstructure 1 22.00 (0.90+0.60)/2 1.22 20.13 m3 Superstructure 1 40.00 (0.90+0.60)/2 1.22 36.60 m3 Superstructure 2 15.00 (0.90+0.60)/2 1.22 27.45 m3


71

Superstructure 1 30.00 (0.90+0.60)/2 1.22 27.45 m3 Steps - Foundation 1 3.20 1.90 0.45 2.74 m3

1st step 1 3.00 1.80 0.30 1.62 m3 2nd step 1 3.00 1.50 0.30 1.35 m3 3rd step 1 3.00 1.20 0.30 1.08 m3 4th step 1 3.00 0.90 0.30 0.81 m3 5th step 1 3.00 0.60 0.30 0.54 m3 6th step 1 3.00 0.30 0.30 0.27 m3

Total 193.24 m3 Say 193.23m3 @ Rs 1726.40/m3 333592.00

3

Cement concrete 1:2:4 using 20mm broken stone including all cost conveyance labour charges etc

complete including formwork

Say 5856dm3 @ Rs 68.49/10dm3 40108.00

4

Bailing out water with 5HP engine and pump set including conveyance to the site and errection

cost of fuel lubricating oil pay of staff etc complete

Say 8 day @ Rs 1355/day 10840.00

5 Engaging man mazdor for site cleaning

Say 4 Nos @ Rs 377/E 1508.00 Total 394537.00

LS for taxes and unforseen items if any 25463.00

Grand Total 420000.00 ( Rupees Four Lakh twenty thousand only)


72

Name of work : Renovation of Alamonchira in ward 1 of Pooyappally Grama Panchayat.

0.60

Cement Concrete 1:2:4

DR Masonry

1.22

0.90

0.60

1.00

RETAINING WALL - CROSS SECTION

(All dimensions are in metre)


73

DETAILED ESTIMATE Name of watershed : Neelamthazham

Name of work : Rising of bank and putting up of ring bund for the pond in Nedumpana GP

Item No Description Measurements

Quantity Unit Amount No Length Breadth Depth

1

Rising and formation of the bank of existing pond in a height of 1.20 m and top width 0.80m and bottom width 1.50m including

formation etc complete as per specification. 1 200.00 200.00 m

Say 200.00m @ Rs 4188/10m 83760.00

2

Putting up ring bund to a top width of 1.50m and avg height of 2.00m with 1/4:1 side slope and protect the sides with 1/2 split coconut post 3.50m long driving down 1.50m below bed level at 60cm c/c, providing two rows of wailing pieces 1/4 split coconut post on both sides and 1/2 split cross ties to alternate posts and screening the sides with double new coconut cadjans over arecanut reepers 15cm c/c square mesh and tied with cadjans and inside filled with earth cut and conveyed with all leads and lifts including consolidating properly and maintaining the bund till the work is completed and removing the same after completion of the work(permanent ring bund) 1 30.00 30.00 m

Say 30.00m @ Rs 3093/1m 92790.00 Total 176550.00


74

LS for taxes and unforseen items if any 11450.00 Grand Total 188000.00

( Rupees One Lakh Eighty Eight Thousand rupees only) DETAILED ESTIMATE

Name of watershed : Mylakkad Name of work : Construction of side wall for Moozhiyil thodu in Adichanalloor Grama Panchayat.

Item No Description

Measurements


1

Earthwork excavation in hard soil and depositing on bank with initial lead upto 50m and lift up to 1.50 m

including breaking clods, watering ramming and sectioning of spoil bank etc complete

Retaining wall foundation 2 106.00 0.80 0.50 84.80 m3

Say 84.80m3 @ Rs 2356.25/10m3 19981.00

2

Dry stone masonry for retaining walls using departmental rubble etc complete Foundation 2 106.00 0.80 0.50 84.80 m3 Superstructure 2 106.00 (0.60+0.50)/2 1.20 139.92 m3 Total 224.72 m3

Say 224.72m3 @ Rs 1726.40/m3 387957.00

3

Cement concrete 1:3:6 using 20mm broken stone including all charges for cost conveyance, watering,

curing etc complete Top of retaining wall 2 106.00 0.50 0.10 10.60 m3

Say 10.60m3 @ Rs 59.48/10dm3 63049.00 Total 470987.00

LS for taxes and unforseen items if any 29013.00 Grand Total 500000.00

( Rupees Five Lakh only)


75

Name of work : Construction of side wall for Moozhiyil thodu in Adichanalloor Grama Panchayat.

0.50


1.20 D.R. Masonry

0.50

0.60

0.80

RETAINING WALL - CROSS SECTION

(All dimensions are in metre)


76

DETAILED ESTIMATE Name of watershed : Uppukadavu

Name of work : Construction of sidewall for Kallamkodi poyka vadakkathu in Chirakkara Grama Panchayat.

Item No Description

Measurements


1

Earthwork excavation for ordinary soil foundation DR work and excavated earth filled in low level

portion of the proposed site.

Retaining wall foundation 2 86.00 0.60 0.40 41.28 m3 Say 41.28m3 @ Rs 1115.92/10m3 4607.00

2

D.R masonry for foundation of retaining wall (drain) Foundation 2 86.00 0.60 0.40 41.28 m3

Say 41.28m3 @ Rs 1922.75/m3 79371.00

3

Random rubble in cement mortar 1:8 for basement of retaining wall Retaining wall 2 86.00 (0.55+0.45)/2 0.90 77.40 m3

Say 77.40m3 @ Rs 3220.45/m3 249263.00

4 Cement concrete 1:3:6 using 20mm broken stone at top of retaining wall.

Top of retaining wall 2 86.00 0.45 0.07 5.41 m3 Say 5.41m3 @ Rs 61.34/10dm3 33185.00

Total 366426.00


77

LS for taxes and unforseen items if any 33574.00 Grand Total 400000.00 ( Rupees Four Lakh only)

Name of work : Construction of sidewall for Kallamkodi poyka vadakkathu in Chirakkara Grama Panchayat.

0.45


R.R.Masonry in cement mortor 1:8

0.90

0.40

D.R. Masonry

0.55

0.60


78

RETAINING WALL - CROSS SECTION (All dimensions are in metre)

DETAILED ESTIMATE Name of watershed : Plakkadu

Name of work : Construction of sidewall for Chalakkara colony thodu in Nedumpana GP.

Item No Description

Measurements


1

Dismantling clearing away and carefully stacking materials useful for any thickness of wall;a opd dry

rubble work including disposal of debris within a distance 150m.

2 10 0.6 0.6 7.20 m3

Say 7.20m3 @ Rs 264.00/m3 1901.00

2

Earthwork excavation in ordinary soil in or under water for retaining wall etc complete

Retaining wall foundation 2 25.00 1.30 0.60 39.00 m3 Say 39.00m3 @ Rs 1117/10m3 4356.00

3 Dry stone masonry for retaining walls using departmental stone 60% of item no 1

Say 4.32m3 @ Rs 641.00/m3 2769.00

4

Dry rubble masonry for retaining walls Retaining wall foundation 2 25.00 1.30 0.60 39.00 m3 Superstructure 2 25.00 0.75 3.00 112.50 m3 Deduct dept rubble 4.32 m3


79

Total 147.18 m3 Say 147.18m3 @ Rs 1726.00/m3 254033.00

5 Earth work filling with Contractors own earth cut and conveyed from available sources etc complete

2 25.00 0.30 2.50 37.50 m3 Say 37.50m3 @ Rs 2505.00/10m3 9394.00

6

Reinforced cement concrete 1:2:4 using 20mm broken stone for belt between DR masonry including (head load conveyance upto 200m) watering, curing etc

complete 2 25.00 0.75 0.10 3.75 m3 Say 3.75m3 @ Rs 80.60/10dm3 30225.00

7 Reinforcement for RCC work bent tied and placed in position etc complete as per specification

Say 170kg @ Rs 6339/qtl 10776.00

8 Cement concrete 1:2:4 using 20mm broken stone for wearing coat over DR masonry including (head load

conveyance upto 200m) watering, curing etc complete

DR masonry 2 25.00 0.50 0.05 1.25 m3 Say 1.25m3 @ Rs 66.60/10dm3 8325.00

Total 321779.00 LS for taxes and unforseen items if any 23221.00

Grand Total 345000.00 ( Rupees Three Lakh Fourty Five Thousand only)


80

DETAILED ESTIMATE Name of watershed : Meenad I

Name of work : Construction of side wall for Chathanoor thodu in Chathannoor GP Item No Description

Measurements Quantity Unit Amount No Length Breadth Depth

1

Earthwork excavation in ordinary soil for foundation using the spoil to fill the inner side with an initial lead upto 50m and lift up to 1.50 m including breaking clods, watering

ramming and sectioning of spoil bank etc complete

Retaining wall foundation 1 12.00 0.70 0.50 4.20 m3 1 30.00 0.80 0.50 12.00 m3 1 110.00 0.80 0.50 44.00 m3 Total 60.20 m3

Say 60.20m3 @ Rs 1263/10m3 7603.00

2

Dry stone masonry for foundation of protection wall

Foundation 1 12.00 0.70 0.50 4.20 m3 Foundation 1 30.00 0.80 0.50 12.00 m3 Foundation 1 110.00 0.80 0.50 44.00 m3 Superstructure 1 12.00 0.60 1.30 9.36 m3 Superstructure 1 30.00 0.60 1.50 27.00 m3 Superstructure 1 110.00 0.60 1.50 99.00 m3 Total 195.56 m3

Say 195.60m3 @ Rs 1726.00/m3 337606.00

3 Cement concrete 1:3:6 using 20mm broken stone


81

1 150.00 0.60 0.10 9.00 m3 Say 9000dm3 @ Rs 59.47/10dm3 53527.00


Grand Total 423000.00 ( Rupees Four Lakh twenty three thousand only)

Name of work : Construction of side wall for Chathanoor thodu in Chathannoor GP 0.60


1.30

D.R. Masonry

0.50

0.60

0.70



82

DETAILED ESTIMATE Name of watershed : Meenad II

Name of work : Protection of existing watershed near Anchampoyka pump house in Chirakkara Grama Panchayat.

Item No Description

Measurements


1

Earthwork excavation for ordinary soil foundation DR work and excavated earth filled

in low level portion of the proposed site. 1 6.8 (0.8+0.45)/2 1.9 8.075 m3 1 6.7 (0.7+0.45)/2 1.6 6.164 m3

1 13.10 0.55 0.40 2.88 m3

Total 17.12

Say 17.00m3 @ Rs 1115.92/10m3 1897.00

2

D.R masonry for foundation all around retaining wall

1 6.80 0.80 0.40 2.18 m3

1 6.7 0.70 0.40 1.87 m3

1 13.10 0.55 0.40 2.88 m3

Total 6.93 m3


83

Say 7m3 @ Rs 1922.75/m3 13459.00

3

Random rubble in cement mortar 1:8 for basement of retaining wall (all around)

Retaining wall 1 6.80 (0.8+0.45)/2 1.50 6.37 m3

Retaining wall 1 6.70 (0.7+0.45)/2 1.20 4.62 m3

Retaining wall 1 13.10 (0.55+0.45)/2 0.80 5.24 m3

Steps 12 1.30 0.30 0.18 0.84 m3

17.07

Say 17m3 @ Rs 3220/m3 54740.00

4 Cement concrete 1:3:6 using 20mm broken stone at top of retaining wall.

Top of retaining wall 1 26.60 0.45 0.08 0.89 m3 Say 1m3 @ Rs 61.34/10dm3 6134.00

5 Cement concrete 1:2:4 using 20mm broken

stone for floor inside bottom all labour charge curing etc complete

1 6.00 6.00 0.10 3.60 m3 Say 3600dm3 @ Rs 68.48/10dm3 24653.00


Grand Total 110000.00 ( Rupees One Lakh Ten Thousand only)


84

Name of work : Protection of existing watershed near Anchampoyka pump house in Chirakkara Grama Panchayat.

0.45


R.R.Masonry in cement mortor 1:8 1.50

0.40

D.R. Masonry

0.80



85

Rough Estimate

Gully plugging

Item

No. Description No. L B D Qty Rate Unit Amount

1

Earth work excavation in ordinary soil and depositing on bank with initial lead upto 50m and lift upto 1.5m including breaking, clods, watering, ramming and sectioning of spoil bank, etc. complete. 1

4.24 0.80 0.15

0.5088 1326 10 m3 67.47

2 Construction of gully plugs using picked up stones including conveyance labour etc. 1

3.00 0.55 1.00 1.65

792.00 1 m3 1306.8

1374.27

For I m3 of Gully plugging 832.89

Unforseen items if any 67.11


86

Total 900.00

Data Sl.no

. Description Number Rate Amount unit

1 Earthwork excavation in ordinary soil and depositing on bank with initial lead upto 50m and lift upto 1.5m including breaking, clods, watering, ramming and sectioning of spoil bank etc. complete-

Unskilled 3.35 377 1262.95 Add 5 % overhead charges 63.15 Total 1326.10 Say 1326.00 10 m3 2 Construction of gully plugs using picked up stones

including conveyance labour etc.

Picking up of available stones and conveying to the site by head load- unskilled labour 0.5

gully plugging - unskilled labour 1.5 Total 2 377 754.00 Add 5 % overhead charges 37.70 Total 791.70 Say 792.00 m3


87

Earthern bund ( for 100 m length)

Item No. Description No. L B D Qty Rate Unit Amount

1 Clearing light jungle including uprooting of thick vegetation and small trees of girthupto 30cm and removal of rubbish upto a distance of 150 m outside the periphery of the area cleared. 1 110.00 2.10 231 188.50 100 m2 435.44

2 Earth work exaction in all classes of soil for terracing and using the spoil for forming bunds where ever required including all leads and lifts etc. complete. 1 100.00 0.50 0.75 37.5 1590 10 m3 5962.50

3 Consolidating the bund where ever required. 1 100.00 0.50 0.75 37.5 263.9 10 m3 990.00

7387.94

Unforseen items if any 12.06

Total 7400.00

For 100 m R 7400 hence for 1 m = 7400 74.00 100


88

Data Sl.No. Description Number Rate Amount

1 Clearing light jungle including uprooting of thick vegetation and small trees of girthupto 30cm and removal of rubbish upto a distance of 150 m outside the periphery of the area cleared.

Unskillled labour 0.5 377.00 188.50 / 100 m2 2

Earth work exaction in all classes(50% ordinary soil and 50% hard so) of soil for terracing and using the spoil for forming bunds where ever required including all leads and lifts etc. complete.

For Ordinary soil (2.9625 /2) 1.4813 For hard soil (5.475 /2) 2.7375 Total Unskilled 4.2188 377.00 1590.00 / 10 m3 3 Consolidating the bund where ever required. 0.7 377.00 263.90 Say 263.90 / 10 m3

0.30

0.75

Cross Section of Bund

0.70


89

Side protection using stone masonry

Item No Description No L B D Qty Rate Unit Amount

1 Clearing light jungle including uprooting of thick vegetation and small trees of girthupto 30cm and removal of rubbish upto a distance of 150 m outside the periphery of the area cleared. 1 100.00 0.80 80 396.00 100 m2 316.80

2 Earth work excavation in ordinary soil and depositing on bank with initial lead up to 50m and lift upto 1.5m including breaking clods, watering, ramming and sectioning of spoil bank, etc. complete.

1 100.00 0.80 0.15 12 1326.00 10 m3 1591.20 3

Earth work excavation in hard soil and depositing on bank with initial lead up to 50m and lift upto 1.5m including breaking clods, watering, ramming and sectioning of spoil bank, etc. complete.

1 100.00 0.80 0.30 24 2474.00 10 m3 5937.60 4

Dry rubble masonry including all costs of material, labour, coneyance, and all other incidental charges involved etc complete as per standard specification

Foundation 1 100.00 0.80 0.45 36 Super structure 1 100.00 0.50 0.50 25


90

Total 61 1754.00 1 m3 106994.00 5

Random rubble masonery in cement morter 1:6 (one coat cement and six sand) using 72kg of cement /1m3 masonery for wall with hammer dressed close finished joints without pinnings and pointing the exposed faces of masonery with the same morter simultaneously during the course of construction, including cost and conveyance of all materials, labour charges etc. complete

1 100.00 0.50 0.50 25 3342.00 1 m3 83550.00 6

Plastering with cement morter 1:4, 12mm thick one coat using 54kg of cement /10m2 plastering, floated hard and trowelled smooth including cost and conveyance of all materials labour charges etc. complete

1 100.00 0.55 55 1993.00 10 10m2 10961.50 7 Back filling the available earth during the

course of construction including consoilidation, etc. complete. 1 100.00 0.50 1.00 50 974 10 m3 4870.00

214221.10 Unforeseen, if any 78.90 Grand Total 214300.00


91

Data

Sl.no. Description Number Rate Amount 1

Clearing light jungle including uprooting of thick vegetation and small trees of girthupto 30cm and removal of rubbish upto a distance of 150 m outside the periphery of the area cleared.

Unskillled labour 1 377 377.00 Add 5 % overhead charges 18.85 Total 395.85 Say 396.00 100m2 2

Earthwork excavation in ordianary soil and depositing on bank with initial lead upto 50m and lift upto 1.5m including breaking, clods, watering, ramming and sectioning of spoil bank etc. complete-

Unskilled 3.35 377 1262.95 Add 5 % overhead charges 63.15 Total 1326.10 Say 1326.00 10m3 3

Earthwork excavation in hard soil and depositing on bank with initial lead upto 50m and lift upto 1.5m including breaking, clods, watering, ramming and sectioning of spoil bank etc. complete

Unskilled 6.25 377 2356.25 Add 5 % overhead charges 117.81 Total 2474.06 Say 2474.00 10m3 4

Dry rubble masonry including all costs of material, labour, coneyance, and all other incidental charges involved etc complete as per standard specification


92

Rubble 1.05 420 441.00 Conveyance - Rubble 1.05 561 589.05 Labour Mason 0.8 471 376.80 Unskilled 0.7 377 263.90 1670.75 Add 5 % overhead charges 83.54 Total 1754.29 Say 1754.00 m3 5 Random rubble masonery in cement morter 1:6 (one coat cement and

six sand) using 72kg of cement /1m3 masonery for wall with hammer dressed close finished joints without pinnings and pointing the exposed faces of masonery with the same morter simultaneously during the course of construction, including cost and conveyance of all materials, labour charges etc. complete

Blasted rubble 1 420 420 Sand 0.3 2777 833 Cement 0.072 5940 428 Conveyance - Rubble 1 561 561.00 Conveyance - Sand 0.3 625 187.50 Conveyance - cement 0.072 375 27.00 rubble mason 0.7 471 330 Unskilled 0.35 377 132 Unskilled 0.7 377 264 3182.50 Add 5 % overhead charges 159.13 Total 3341.63 Say 3342.00 m3 6

Plastering with cement morter 1:4, 12mm thick one coat using 54kg of cement /10m2 plastering, floated hard and trowelled smooth including cost and conveyance of all materials labour charges etc. complete

materials Sand 0.15 2777 417.00 Cement 0.054 5940 321.00


93

Conveyance - Sand 0.15 625 93.75 Conveyance - cement 0.054 375 20.25 labour Mason 0.9 471 424.00 Unskilled 0.55 377 207.00 Unskilled 1.1 377 415.00 1898.00 Add 5 % overhead charges 94.90 Total 1992.90 Say 1993.00 10m2 7

Back filling the available earth during the course of construction including consolidation, etc. complete.

Rate for 10m3 Conveying the available earth-Head Load 100m 10 71 710.00 Consolidating the available earth-unskilled labour 0.7 377 263.90 973.90 Say 974 10m3

IWMP-DPR,Ithikara Block Panchayat 2012

Documents

Transcript of IWMP-DPR,Ithikara Block Panchayat 2012