INVEST IN EUROPEAN SLEEPER

WHY DO WE NEED THE REVIVAL OF THE NIGHT

TRAIN? CLIMATE CHANGE: ONE OF THE LARGEST CHALLENGES

HUMANITY MUST OVERCOME.

Reducing carbon emissions is essential to meet the goals of the

Paris Agreement. The transport sector is one of the biggest

polluters, responsible for 14.7% of all greenhouse gases emitted.

The train is the best alternative. We need to use planes and

cars less.

Also, we experience a need for more pleasant travel. In times of

Covid, many of us appreciate that there are ways to spend our

time more smartly. How could we incorporate these new habits

in the way we travel?

REVIVAL OF THE SLEEPER TRAIN

CAN HELP US STAY MOBILE

WITHIN EUROPE.

AMAZING NIGHT TRAINS

SUSTAINABLE TRAVELLING

European Sleeper is all about

a more sustainable means of travel.

Sleeper trains are the perfect

alternative to airplanes, because

they are suitable for travel distances

of 750 to 1500 km. These distances

would be a long day of travel on a

daytime train, but very efficient at

night.

COMFORTABLE & ROMANTIC

Board, sit down and relax. Read a book,

prepare your meeting, look out of the

window, watch Netflix, chat with your

travel companions or have a drink and a

meal, as the evening falls. You can sleep

comfortably and securely, in the privacy of

your own compartment. Once you wake

up and open the curtain, you are in a

different world.

MORE NIGHT TRAINS BACK ON TRACK? JOIN US

EFFICIENT & AFFORDABLE

Travel while you sleep and cover great

distances unnoticedly. The sleeper leaves

from the city centre. There is no check-in.

Single ticket for a berth, including

breakfast, from €59. No hidden costs, so

usually cheaper than flying. All the more if

you take into account saving on hotel

costs.

CONNECTING EUROPE BY NIGHT OUR AMBITIOUS PLAN IN A NUTSHELL

A community based railway company

dedicated to night trains. A part of the

movement that put the night train back

on the European map.

A powerful start:

first route planned for April 2022: Brussels

– Amsterdam – Berlin – Prague, in

partnership with Czech railway operator

RegioJet.

Founded by two Dutch entrepreneurs

with a great passion for night trains:

Elmer van Buuren & Chris Engelsman.

Building on a network of night trains

from the Netherlands and Belgium, with

a growth ambition of one new route per

year and the deployment of new or

modernised rolling stock.

OUR FIRST NIGHT TRAIN TO PRAGUE

Friendly staff | Good prices | Free internet | Privacy | Bike on board

Choose your own comfort | Breakfast in bed | Free coffee

IMPACT A new trend of awareness is growing among Europeans and the

‘Flight-Shame’ movement is slowly becoming the norm.

Rail is the most efficient way of transport to cut carbon emission.

Highspeed lines could help, but require high investment and much

time to build. New travel technology is still premature.

The sleeper train is the way to go. A network of sleeper trains will

enable us to enlarge the radius of the train. Sleeper trains can allow

for using the train at larger distances, up to 1,200 or even 1,500 Km.

OUR FIRST NIGHT TRAIN BRUSSELS – AMSTERDAM – PRAGUE

ALREADY WILL LEAD TO A CONSIDERABLE IMPACT

A single train may reduce CO2 emissions by about 75 tonnes. More

information to be found in appendix B.

https://www.eib.org/en/infographics/ban-on-short-distance-flights https://www.robeco.com/en/insights/2020/02/short-haul-flights-are-the-worst-offenders-for-co2.html

TEAM & ORGANISATION

OUR TEAM

EUROPEAN SLEEPER STARTED IN SEPTEMBER 2020.

Formally established as a cooperative in January

2021 by two entrepreneurs with a great passion for

sleeper trains:

ELMER VAN BUUREN AND CHRIS ENGELSMAN.

CHRIS ENGELSMAN ELMER VAN BUUREN

ELMER HAS EXTENSIVE EXPERIENCE IN

THE RAIL SECTOR.

Elmer has been fascinated by sleeper trains from childhood

on. Boarding in the Netherlands in the evening, sleeping in

a proper bed and waking up in the morning in another

world. Elmer read timetables in bed like they were exciting

boys’ books and has always wanted to become director of

his own railway company.

He has worked at Netherlands Railways and as a consultant

for 15 years. He was involved with the organization of many

charter train projects. He is also chairman of Train2EU, an

association lobbying for the improvement of international

passenger rail.

CHRIS IS AN EXPERIENCED PROJECT MANAGER

IN THE TRANSPORT SECTOR.

Chris used to live by the railway where the Nord West

Express to Copenhagen, Warsaw and Moscow passed by.

At that time, ten sleeper trains ran from the Netherlands

every day. When the last one left in 2016, he could not let

that go unchallenged.

He founded the information website Noord West

Express, focusing on night trains. In 2019 he organized the

Jazz Night Express from Rotterdam to Berlin.

WITH THE FOUNDING OF EUROPEAN SLEEPER, ELMER AND CHRIS COMBINE AN

ENORMOUS AMOUNT OF VALUABLE KNOWLEDGE AND EXPERIENCE.

COOPERATIVE

EUROPEAN SLEEPER

IS ORGANISED AS A COOPERATIVE.

This way we can involve the community with our

exciting project. In the cooperative there are different

investor and member types, that will each contribute

in their own way to the success of our railway

company.

In case you invest in European Sleeper, you will join

our cooperative. Together with the founders Elmer and

Chris, you will be standing at the cradle of a new

European network of sleeper trains.

Many large companies across different industries are

cooperatives.

FRIESLANDCAMPINA for example, is a Dutch dairy company

owned by almost 17.000 farmers.

RABOBANK is a major bank in the Netherlands and owned by

its two million members.

EUROPEAN SLEEPER CAN BE OWNED BY MANY NIGHT

TRAIN TRAVELLERS AND FANS.

ORGANISATION

EUROPEAN SLEEPER IS A TYPICAL

NETWORK ORGANISATION.

ITS BASIS IS LEAN AND MEAN.

This is how we managed to set up a railway

company in only a couple of months.

We aim to involve the people we work with

strongly in setting up our night train product.

The team members are also the co-owners of

the cooperative.

Team members currently involved:

Elmer van Buuren: management and operations

Chris Engelsman: management and public affairs

Annika Jansma: information- and project management

Edwin Konings: people - and long-term strategy

Ivonna Kere: communication

In the next months, among other things we will be working

on setting up sales and marketing, customer service and

operations.

We will also work on further developments: looking into new

routes and organising modernised and, eventually, new rolling

stock.

PARTNERSHIPS

Publicity and marketing

SCENARE PROJECTS & CONSULTATIONS

Design

PUURELISE CONCEPT | ONTWERP

Maps

STUDIO FROM HERE

Financial advice

EYEVESTOR / KPLUSV

the largest private railway company in

Central Europe, is the partner of the first route

BRUSSELS – AMSTERDAM – BERLIN – PRAGUE

In this partnership European Sleeper and

RegioJet cooperate closely to make this night

train connection a success. RegioJet will

provide for the rolling stock, as well as on board

services.

POLICY SUPPORT User groups, interest groups and activists brought the sleeper

train back on national political agendas

The Paris Agreement on climate change (2015) has set carbon

emission reduction goals

The Fridays for Future movement (Greta Thunberg) introduced

flight shame and the need for an alternative to flying

In countries across Europe, there is renewed interest

in revitalizing (international) sleeper trains, primarily in:

Sweden, Denmark, Austria, Switzerland, France, Belgium,

Netherlands, Czech Republic, Germany

• International passenger rail, including sleeper trains, play an

important role in the sustainable transport ambitions of the

European Commission’s New Green Deal, with pilot projects

being planned

EU member states are doing a concerted effort in developing

policy through the multilateral ‘International Rail Passenger

platform’

European Sleeper are in active talks with ministries in the

Netherlands, Belgium and Germany, about conditions to start

up services and ways to improve conditions or provide support

Several other reports and initiatives

(See appendix D for more information)

MEDIA

In total 100+ publications in different printed, audiovisual and

digital media in approximately 16 languages: Dutch, French,

English, Danish, German, Czech, Polish, Lithuanian, Hungarian,

Ukrainian, Croatian, Slovak, Spanish, Italian, Russian and Chinese

AFTER ANNOUNCING THE PLANS AND DESTINATION,

IN A MONTH EUROPEAN SLEEPER HAS REACHED:

English newspaper

The Guardian

Dutch newspaper

Het Parool

Live on Euronews TV Live on Dutch national radio

Radio1

REFLECTION AND SUPPORT

GREAT SUPPORT THROUGH SOCIAL MEDIA CHANNELS

902 Instagram

followers

3199 Twitter

followers

897 LinkedIn

followers

1191 Facebook

followers

9494 Newsletter

sign-ups

BUSINESS & FINANCIALS

BUSINESS MODEL CANVAS BUSINESS MODEL CANVAS KEY PARTNERS KEY ACTIVITIES VALUE

PROPOSITIONS CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIPS

CUSTOMER SEGMENTS

Members of the cooperative Investors Rolling stock suppliers Leasing companies Railway operators Rail network managers Governmental organisations Travel agencies & tour operating companies

Passenger transportation Marketing Ticket sales Product development Customer service

Sustainable and comfortable passenger transport Romantic and efficient travelling by sleeper train Free breakfast, coffee & Wi-Fi Catering on board

Community of users Recommendations Presence

City-trippers Interrailers Family holiday makers Business travellers Flight-shame movement KEY RESOURCES CHANNELS

Rolling stock Passenger transport demand Track access (application) Staff commitment Knowledge & expertise Brand

Company website Partner channels Travel agents Incumbent operators’ sales channels (online, stations)

COST STRUCTURE REVENUE STREAMS Rolling stock Railway operations Service staff Marketing Ticket sales platform Staff compensation

Ticket sales Food & beverage Sponsorship Advertisement

SWOT ANALYSIS

STRENGTHS

Flexible, agile organisation

with strongly involved and

motivated people

Detailed knowledge of rail

operations

Strong network in rail sector

Knowledge of travel industry

Good insight in publicity and

marketing strategies

WEAKNESSES

Developments are so fast that

it is difficult to cope with for a

small organisation

There is a lot of bureaucracy

involved, especially around

capacity application and

notification of authorities

OPPORTUNITIES

Momentum for the sleeper

train

Cooperating with the right

partners in the market

Political and government

support

Sustainable and comfortable

travelling in fashion

THREATS

Lack of second hand quality

rolling stock

Market liberalization not

equal in every country

Hard to get access to

incumbent sales channels in

some countries

MARKET

EUROPEAN SLEEPER ENTERS THE EUROPEAN

MARKET FOR PASSENGER TRANSPORT OVER

DISTANCES OF APPROXIMATELY 750 TO 1500 KM,

BOTH FOR LEISURE AND BUSINESS PURPOSES.

Over these distances, the night train is an attractive

alternative to daytime trains, flights, buses and car

traffic. Because you sleep at night and travel long

distances unnoticed and comfortably.

The total available market includes all European mobility

services (www.statista.com). The addressable market includes

all relevant connections for our train to Prague (based on the

demand forecast (appendix A).

REVIVAL OF THE EUROPEAN NIGHT TRAIN

Under pressure from the public and from sustainability goal

policy, the night train is recently undergoing a revival. A few years

ago, many night trains were discontinued in Western Europe.

This was not because of a lack of travelers, but because of a

lack of interest from major railway companies - as perfectly

stated in a German newspaper already in 2016.

Total Available Market (European Mobility Services)

Addressable Market (relevant connections)

Target market

• € 116.167 million

• € 1.200 million

• € 35 million

COMPETITION OTHER MODES OF TRANSPORT

FLIGHTS Less comfortable Comparable travel costs*, but probably extra hotel Quicker, but less time efficient Less pleasant and adventurous Less sustainable

*Sleeper trains have no hidden costs (luggage etc)

BUS Less comfortable Lower travel costs Takes longer, especially with traffic jams

Less pleasant and adventurous Less sustainable

DAYTIME TRAIN Less comfortable Comparable travel costs Takes much more time, not efficient

Pleasant, but less adventurous Just as sustainable

CAR Less comfortable Lower travel costs, but probably extra hotel Takes much more time, not efficient

Can be pleasant, but tiring Less sustainable

COMPETITION OTHER NIGHT TRAIN OPERATORS

The night train is a niche product that most

national railway companies are not yet actively

commercializing.

Only Austrian Federal Railways ÖBB are very

active on this market, as well as a few private

initiatives, like RDC Deutschland with the

Alpen-Sylt Nachtexpress

For the time being, there are many routes to

and from the Netherlands and Belgium where

we see no offer (competition) at all. It is

conceivable in the future to operate competing

night trains on certain busy routes.

With RegioJet as the foreseen partner for the

Brussels – Prague route, European Sleeper has

secured the availability of rolling stock and

created a high entry barrier for possible other

operators on this route

MARKET SHARE TRAIN TO PRAGUE INDICATION OF OVERNIGHT PASSENGER NUMBERS: This equates to an average market share for our night train, on the routes that it serves, of around 3%. Includes passengers changing trains to destinations beyond our route, but a change is considered a burden and penalised with extra travel time. Excludes international passengers we accommodate in the evening and morning hours between Belgium and the Netherlands or Germany and the Czech Republic.

DEMAND FORECAST MODEL

For the demand forecast we use

the transport model developed

by Barth Donners of Royal

HaskoningDHV.

This model is generally accepted

to be one of the most state-of-

the-art on intra-European

international journeys. The main

input is passenger numbers on

flight routes in 2019, extracted

from Eurostat.

More information in appendix A.

PER YEAR, BOTH DIRECTIONS PER DAY, PER DIRECTION

Between 288,000 390 And 352,000 480

MARKETING AND SALES

MARKETING BUDGET

The marketing budget per month (excluding

management costs) adds up to about €63k,

representing approximately 10% of the

expected turnover.

The marketing budget will grow with sales and

will eventually amount to about €150k per

month. Our marketing campaigns will focus on

digital media, but also include traditional

advertisements and commercials.

SALES CHANNELS For this route, the main markets are the Netherlands,

Belgium, Germany and the Czech Republic. To promote

the journey, the following activities have been planned:

Train ticket sales under European Sleeper brand through

own website, train operating companies, agents, and

affiliate programs (B2C and B2B / leisure and business

markets)

Sales through RegioJet online channels and ticket desks

Sales in package deals by tour operators (B2C)

€ -

€ 1.000.000

€ 2.000.000

€ 3.000.000

€ 4.000.000

€ 5.000.000

€ 6.000.000

€ 7.000.000

€ 8.000.000

€ 9.000.000

2021 2022 2023 2024 2025

Turnover

Costs

FINANCIAL FORECAST

* We expect better margin and higher profit from 2024 or 2025, as we are planning to operate

new routes from 2023 or 2024, which are not included in this financial forecast

*

*

1% 2%

10%

86%

COST BREAK DOWN

overhead

staff & management

marketing & sales

operational costs

€ -1.000.000

€ -

€ 1.000.000

€ 2.000.000

€ 3.000.000

€ 4.000.000

€ 5.000.000

2021 2022 2023 2024 2025

Earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT)

Cash flow

FINANCIAL FORECAST

*

*

Based on funding of €500k, the

following financial results and cash

flow are forecasted related to the

first route to Prague, which is

planned to start April 2022

* We expect better margin and higher profit from 2024 or 2025, as we are planning to operate

new routes from 2023 or 2024, which are not included in this financial forecast

FINANCIAL FORECAST

PROFIT & LOSS 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025

TURNOVER €0 €2.139k €6.463k €8.450k €8.450k

OPERATIONAL COSTS €30k €2.127k €5.551k €6.476k €6.476k

GROSS MARGIN

- €30k €12k €912k €1.974k €1.974k

FIXED COSTS

€102k €223k €223k €223k €223k

EBIT - €132k - €211k €688k €1.750k €1.750k

OPERATIONAL CASH FLOW €368k €157k €846k €2.596k €4.346k

All figures (also on the previous slides) relate to the business case of establishing European Sleeper and the responsibilities

it is taking as partner in the night train between Brussels and Prague, which is developed together with RegioJet.

ROAD MAP / PLANNING

TO REALISE THE FIRST ROUTE THE FOLLOWING MILESTONES ARE RELEVANT:

Notification of competition authorities March 2021

Timetable application April 2021

Timetable capacity allocation August 2021

Cooperation contracts RegioJet and operators August 2021

Start ticket sales and marketing September 2021

Start service April 2022

2022 2023 2024 2025

SALES € 2.139k turnover € 6.463K turnover € 8.450k turnover

€ 8.450k turnover

TEAM 1 FTE management

0,5 FTE marketing

0,5 FTE sales

0,5 FTE customer service

1 FTE operational

1 FTE management

1 FTE marketing

0,5 FTE sales

0,5 FTE customer service

1 FTE operational

1,5 FTE management

1,5 FTE marketing

1 FTE sales

0,5 FTE customer service

1 FTE operational

1,5 FTE management

1,5FTE marketing

1 FTE sales

0,5 FTE customer service

1 FTE operational

PRODUCT Starting three times a

week service

Amsterdam/Brussels <-

>Berlin/Prague

Starting daily service

Amsterdam/Brussels <-

>Berlin/Prague

Daily service

Amsterdam/Brussels <-

>Berlin/Prague

Starting service to new

destination (not included in the

financials)

Daily service

Amsterdam/Brussels <-

>Berlin/Prague

Second daily service (not included

in the financials)

FINANCIAL RESULTS -€ 211k EBIT € 688k EBIT

€ 1.750k EBIT

€ 1.750k EBIT

BUSINESS PLANNING

SHAREFUNDING

JOIN US

Join our adventure?

Own a railway company?

NOW YOU CAN!

Buy shares in

European Sleeper at

eyevestor.com

Private individuals and

larger investors

welcome

EASILY ACCESSIBLE

You help fund our

starting capital.

DIVIDEND, once business picks up.

FUNDING

AS STARTING CAPITAL,

WE NEED € 500K.

A relatively limited amount

for starting up a railway

company, because we can

make a start without our

own rolling stock.

15%

4,0%

14,0%

11,0%

2,5%

53,5%

SPENDING OF INVESTMENTS

marketing

ticket sales system

staff and management

overhead and start-up

transaction costs

cash flow dip

VALUATION

POST-MONEY EQUITY VALUE OF EUROPEAN SLEEPER

€2.000.000

Provided by eValueAid, using three different valuation methods with

a healthy balance between the quantitative and qualitative arguments, achievements and prognoses.

One method for financial performance, one method for the qualitative aspects and one for future potential.

YOUR INVESTMENT IS HIGHLY APPRECIATED

> € 2.000

Surprise travel kit in

European Sleeper

style

> € 6.000

Return ticket in a

couchette car

For two travellers

Brussels - Prague

or vice versa

> € 10.000

Return ticket in a

private compartment

of a couchette car

Up to a maximum

of four travellers

Brussels - Prague

or vice versa

> € 15.000

15% discount on all

ticket categories

For a period of three

years after the launch

For two travellers

Brussels - Prague

or vice versa

To emphasize this, we have come up with something to offer you

DEAL

1. European Sleeper is a cooperative with excluded liability under Dutch law.

This allows investors to participate at several levels, which is reflected in

different investor and member types.

2. All investors have the prospect of future payment of dividend, depending

on the financials results of European Sleeper.

3. It is estimated to take 5 – 10 years before the company is worth an exit.

INVESTOR TYPES

FANS Investing > €250 Webinars and polls Direct sale at market place

Details in appendix C

AMBASSADORS Investing > €5.000 Voting and meeting rights Direct sale at market place

FOUNDING INVESTORS Investing > €100.000 Voting and meeting rights Direct sale at market place after 30 days offer obligation period Pre emption right

FOUNDERS Investing initial costs and time Voting and meeting rights Direct sale at market place Pre emption right

SALE OF SHARES

European Sleeper issues 40,000 shares, each with a value of €50

WE NOW PUT UP FOR SALE 10,000 SHARES, WORTH €500,000

Purchase as many as you like, with a minimum of 5 shares or €250

EUROPEAN SLEEPER SHARES ARE ONLY AVAILABLE

ON THE EYEVESTOR PLATFORM.

Eyevestor is an online equity engagement platform. It is a full-service platform through

which eyeventures (legal entities/organisations) are able to increase the involvement (engagement) of

their customers, employees, suppliers etc. by way of issuing shares (equity).

APPENDICES

APPENDIX A: DEMAND FORECAST (1)

For the demand forecast, Barth Donners’ transport model of 125 cities

in Europe was used. It is a classic 4 step-model. The main input is

passenger numbers on flight routes from Eurostat.

This model is accepted as one of the most state-of-the-art models for

intra-European international journeys and used for clients like the

Netherlands ministry of Infrastructure and Water Management.

Four different modes are considered: car, air, daytime train and

sleeper train.

Using door-do-door travel time between cities, the modes are

compared and the modal split is determined. Modal split is the share

of travellers per means of transport.

In a sleeper train, travel time has a different weight, because the

traveller is asleep for part of the journey.

The routes considered are the ones that can be travelled with the

Brussels-Prague service itself, but also with this train as part of the

journey.

Out of 125 cities in the model, 20 are taken into consideration, with

which 190 possible trips are formed.

For each trip, the modal split is calculated without, and with the

sleeper. Like this it is possible to calculate the modal shift, the number

of people changing to a different way of travelling.

APPENDIX A: DEMAND FORECAST (2)

For the sleeper train Brussels-Prague, a demand of between 288- and

352 thousand passengers per year is expected.

In case of a daily return journey, this would be between 390 and 480

passengers per train on average.

When the train runs three times a week initially, we assume the same

number of passengers per train.

This could be conservative (the number of passengers per week will be

concentrated and might be higher per train), but some people might

not travel, because the departure day doesn’t suit them.

APPENDIX B: ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT

• By multiplying the passenger numbers per mode with the average

exhaust of CO2 per passenger for each mode and the distance

between cities ‘as the crow flies’, the impact in CO2 reduction can be

estimated.

• This estimate is based on data from co2emissiefactoren.nl and takes

into account a standard car / plane / train and typical load factor.

• On the 190 trips covering the area the sleeper train will be serving, the

amount of travel done per year without the option of taking a sleeper

train generates an estimated 2.6 million tonnes of CO2 emission.

• Adding one daily sleeper train in both directions to the available

options may reduce the yearly CO2 emission by almost 55 thousand

tonnes, or just over 2 percent.

• Assuming the demand will be equally spread over the daily service, a

single train may reduce CO2 emissions by about 75 tonnes.

• We assume 3 trains a week creates 3/7 of the reduction of a daily train.

• An average person in the Netherlands causes about 9 tonnes of CO2

emissions per year.

• 75 tonnes of CO2 compares to the average annual electricity usage of

49 Dutch households. This is if grey power is used. In 2019, 82% of all

electricity used in The Netherlands was grey.

APPENDIX C: INVESTOR TYPES

1. Eyecons (shares) cannot be sold or transferred before this time (in days) after an incoming transfer or purchase

2. The right to be the first to buy shares that are offered in a new issue, before they are offered to others parties.

3. Obliged to first offer the shares to the Founders of European Sleeper for a period of 30 days.

4. Only after 30 days offer obligation period

INVESTOR TYPES FOUNDERS FOUNDING INVESTORS AMBASSADORS FANS

MEMBER OF THE COOPERATIVE YES YES YES NO Comment Includes employees and in-kind

contributors / volunteers

MINIMAL INVESTMENT €100.000 €5.000 €250

TIME LOCK (1) 365 days 365 days 180 days

VOTING RIGHTS YES YES YES NO Voting weight 1 eyecon (share) = 1 vote 1 eyecon (share) = 1 vote 1 eyecon (share) = 1 vote Max per member type 49% together with Ambassadors 49% together with Founding Investors Electronic voting YES YES YES Meeting rights YES YES YES

PRE EMPTION RIGHT (2) YES YES Offer obligation (3) YES To member type Founders Number of days 30

MARKET PLACE YES YES (4) YES YES Direct sale YES YES (4) YES YES

APPENDIX D: POLICY BACKGROUND (1)

REPORTS

WHERE/WHO DESCRIPTION LINK

NL Potential of international sleeper trains from and to Netherlands,

Kennisinstituut voor het Mobiliteitsbeleid (Knowledge Institute for

Mobility policy) 2019

https://www.kimnet.nl/publicaties/rapporten/2019/06/20/slapend-onderweg-potentieel-van-de-

internationale-nachttrein-van-en-naar-nederland/

NL Market appetite for international sleeper trains to and from

Netherlands, Rebel 2019 https://www.tweedekamer.nl/kamerstukken/detail?id=2019Z19255&did=2019D40087/

NL Night-Time Train Travel: A Stated-Preference study into the

Willingness to Use night trains for European long-distance travel,

Martijn Heufke Kantelaar (TU Delft) 2019

https://repository.tudelft.nl/islandora/object/uuid%3A21e9731a-6ec3-4230-847f-38ffa364ba8a/

SE Study of the requirements to starting up a sleeper service Sweden-

Germany (incl. English summary), Trafikverket 2020 https://www.trafikverket.se/om-oss/nyheter/Nationellt/2020-04/slutredovisning-av-

regeringsuppdraget-att-utreda-nattag-till-europa/

NL Opportunities and challenges in starting up international passenger

rail services in open access: for ministry of Infrastructure and Water

Management

Currently being executed by consultancies Berenschot, Arcadis and TÜV Rheinland

EU Cross-border long distance trains in Europe: current state, obstacles

and measures: for EU Commission Currently being executed by consultancy Steer

APPENDIX D: POLICY BACKGROUND (2)

POLICY INITIATIVES

WHERE/WHO DESCRIPTION LINK

NL Parliamentary initiative for the return of sleeper trains to NL,

Netherlands Parliament 2018 https://www.tweedekamer.nl/kamerstukken/detail?id=2018D06032/

NL Letter with decision to support the return of the first sleeper train

financially,

Netherlands ministry for Infrastructure and Water Management 2019

https://www.rijksoverheid.nl/documenten/kamerstukken/2019/10/10/internationale-nachttrein-per-dienstregeling-

2021/

BE Coalition agreement with attention to developing international (night)

trains (see page 57),Belgium federal government 2020 https://www.tijd.be/content/dam/tijd/redactie/multimedia/20200930_VerslagFormateurs_DEF.pdf/

DE Plan to reintroduce a European network of international (night) trains (see

chapter 3), consultancies on behalf of German Federal Ministry for

Transport and Digital Infrastructure 2020

https://www.bmvi.de/SharedDocs/DE/Anlage/K/Corona/tee-strategy.pdf?__blob=publicationFile/

CZ Initiative to offer subsidy for international sleeper train services,

City of Prague 2019 https://zdopravy.cz/rim-pariz-ci-amsterdam-praha-chce-dotovat-az-50-miliony-korun-rocne-nocni-vlaky-69300/

EU Progress of the International Rail Passenger Platform (new services under

area B), EU member states and European Commission

https://shift2rail.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Report-of-the-Platform-on-International-Rail-Passenger-Transport-

IRP.pdf/

EU New Green Deal Sustainable and Smart Mobility Strategy (see point 33,

page 8), European Commission 2020 https://ec.europa.eu/transport/sites/transport/files/legislation/com20200789.pdf/