INTRODUCTION OF VEHICULAR

NETWORK ARCHITECTURES

CHAPTER 1Ming-Chiao Chen

National Taitung University, Taitung, Taiwan, R.O.C.Teng-Wen Chang

National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.

INTRODUCTION A vehicular network organizes and connects vehicles with each other, and with mobile and fixed-locations resources (Wu et al., 2005).

telematics architectures are rarely applied in public local hotspots such as public parking lots, hotels, restaurants, airports and shopping centers.

INTRODUCTION IN-VEHICLE NETWORK ARCHITECTURE OUT-VEHICLE NETWORK ARCHITECTURE neXT-generaTion Vehicular neTwork archiTecTure

IN-VEHICLE NETWORK ARCHITECTUREdisaster communication network that combine different automotive bus protocols

CAN (Controled Area Network) LIN (Local Interconect Network) Flex-Ray vasos and osek/VdX in-Vehicle management system

CAN (CONTROLED AREA NETWORK) German automotive system supplier Robert Bosch created CAN in the mid-1980s for automotive applications as an effective means of allowing robust serial communication (Pazul et al., 1999)

The goal: establish a standard for more reliable and efficient communication by integrating devices, sensors and actuators in a system for real-time control applications

LIN (LOCAL INTERCONECT NETWORK) The Local Interconnect Network Bus (LIN-Bus) is a vehicle bus standard or computer networking bus-system used within current automotive network architectures

The LIN specification is enforced by the LIN-consortium, with the first exploited version 1.1, released in 1999

Succeed the CAN

LIN (LOCAL INTERCONECT NETWORK)The main features of LIN include: Mono-master, up to 15 slaves 1 wired bus Bitrates 1-20 Kbits/s: 2.4Kbits, 9.6Kbits and 19.2Kbits are usually used in automotive applications

Multicast (broadcast) messages Self-synchronization of the slave (only the master has an accurate clock as crystal)

Messages with 2,4 or 8 data bytes, and 3 control bytes

Error detection by 8 bits checksum and 2 parity bits in identifier

Physical layer: ISO9141 Sleep / wake-up capability

FLEX-RAY provides a high-speed serial communication, timetriggered bus and fault-tolerant communication between electronic devices for future automotive applications (FlexRay, 2005; Xu et al., 2008)

FlexRay (2005) was developed for the next generation of automobiles and future applications, including x-by-wire, by a consortium founded by BMW, Bosch, DaimlerChrysler and Philips in 2000 (FlexRay Consortium, 2009).

FLEX-RAY FlexRay serving as the backbone provides determinism for engine control and fault tolerance for steer-by-wire, brake-bywire and other advanced safety applications

VASOS AND OSEK/VDXIN-VEHICLE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM vASOS (Sun et al., 2006) (Vehicular Application Specific Embedded Operating Systems) is designed specifically for vehicle use, and is designed to run on a high-performance user interface computer.

It fulfills and provides specific device drivers, such as CAN/LIN buses, which are used to communicate with other ECU nodes for diagnostic purposes, and other fundamental network functions for the vehicle domain

VASOS AND OSEK/VDXIN-VEHICLE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMThe properties of vASOS are as follows: Focusing on system real-time performance, scalability and robustness

Small kernel size, small memory footprint, low-cost and high efficiency.

Plug and play device driver interfaces for expansibility

Emphasis on network control methods, especially wireless networks

Fast boot-up and good power management

VASOS AND OSEK/VDXIN-VEHICLE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMArchitecture:

OUT-VEHICLE NETWORK ARCHITECTUR ieee 802.11p Wimax

IEEE 802.11P Vehicular safety communications applications cannot tolerate long connection establishment delays before communicating with other vehicles encountered on the road

The IEEE 802.11p standard, also referred to as Wireless Access for the Vehicular Environment (WAVE), is designed to solve these issues

IEEE 802.11P Two such application scenarios:

WIMAX The Mobile WiMAX network consists of the access services network (ASN) and connectivity services network (CSN)

WIMAXArchitecture:

NEXT-GENERATION VEHICULARNETWORK ARCHITECTURE Under development at the University of Detroit Mercyby several researchers in collaboration (Mahfoud et al., 2008)

in-Vehicle personal computer system architecture

IN-VEHICLE PERSONAL COMPUTER Automotive manufacturers are planning to provide new Internet and entertainment services inside vehicles.

Intel Corporation has announced plans to bring PCs to cars in a project called Connected Car PC Technology

The IBM infotainment system Imaj provides an example of on-board computers. Imaj comprises of three 12-inch LCD screens built into the car seats facing three rear-seat passengers

SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE Vehicle Network and the On-board PC

The Wireless Network The Internet

THANKYOU