INFRASTRUCTURE AS A FACTOR OF ECONOMIC-GEOGRAPHICAL AND FUNCTIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF HILLY,...

МАКЕДОНСКО ГЕОГРАФСКО ДРУШТВО MACEDONIAN GEOGRAPHICAL SOCIETY

ЗБОРНИК НА ТРУДОВИ МЕЃУНАРОДЕН НАУЧЕН СИМПОЗИУМ

PROCEEDINGS INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC SYMPOSIUM

РИДСКО-ПЛАНИНСКИ ПОДРАЧЈА

- ПРОБЛЕМИ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ

HILLY MOUNTAIN AREAS - PROBLEMS AND PERSPECTIVES

КНИГА 1 / TOME 1

ОХРИД/OHRID 12-15.09.2013

ОРГАНИЗАЦИСКИ ОДБОР Д-р Благоја Маркоски Д-р Олгица Димитровска Д-р Ивица Милевски Д-р Билјана Апостоловска-Тошевска Д-р Дејан Илиев Д-р Свемир Горин Д-р Иван Радевски НАУЧЕН ОДБОР Д-р Благоја Маркоски (Македонија) Д-р Драгица Живковиќ (Србија) Д-р Михаило Зиков (Македонија) Д-р Маријана Николова (Бугарија) Д-р Никола Панов (Македонија) Д-р Марко Кревс (Словенија) Д-р Роситса Кендерова (Бугарија) Д-р Славољуб Драгичевиќ (Србија) Д-р Рахман Нурковиќ (Босна и Херцеговина) Д-р Александар Лукиќ (Хрватска) Д-р Радислав Тошиќ (Босна и Херцеговина) УРЕДУВАЧКИ ОДБОР Д-р Благоја Маркоски Д-р Ивица Милевски Д-р Свемир Горин Д-р Иван Радевски Д-р Дејан Илиев Владимир Златаноски ТЕХНИЧКО УРЕДУВАЊЕ Д-р Благоја Маркоски Владимир Златаноски ДИЗАЈН НА КОРИЦА Д-р Благоја Маркоски Владимир Златаноски ИЗДАВАЧ Македонско географско друштво

ORGANIZING COMMITTEE Blagoja Markoski, PhD Olgica Dimitrovska, PhD Ivica Milevski, PhD Biljana Apostolovska-Tosevska, PhD Dejan Iliev, PhD Svemir Gorin, PhD Ivan Radevski, PhD SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE Blagoja Markoski, PhD (Univ. Skopje, Macedonia) Dragica Zivkovic, PhD (Univ. Belgrade, Serbia) Mihailo Zikov, PhD (Univ. Skopje, Macedonia) Mariyana Nikolova, PhD (Univ. Sofia, Bulgaria) Nikola Panov, PhD (Univ. Skopje, Macedonia) Marko Krevs, PhD (Univ. Ljubljana, Slovenia) Rositsa Kenderova, PhD (Univ. Sofia, Bulgaria) Slavoljub Dragicevic, PhD (Univ. Belgrade, Serbia) Rahman Nurkovic, PhD (Univ. Sarajevo, BIH) Aleksandar Lukic, PhD (Univ. Zagreb, Croatia) Radislav Tosic, PhD (Univ. Banja Luka, BIH) EDITORIAL BOARD Blagoja Markoski, PhD Ivica Milevski, PhD Svemir Gorin, PhD Ivan Radevski, PhD Dejan Iliev, PhD Vladimir Zlatanoski TECHNICAL EDITORS Blagoja Markoski, PhD Vladimir Zlatanoski COVER DESIGN Blagoja Markoski, PhD Vladimir Zlatanoski PUBLISHED BY Macedonian geographical society

ПОСЕБНО ИЗДАНИЕ

ЗБОРНИК НА ТРУДОВИ ОД МЕЃУНАРОДНИОТ

НАУЧЕН СИМПОЗИУМ НА ТЕМА „РИДСКО-ПЛАНИНСКИТЕ ПОДРАЧЈА-ПРОБЛЕМИ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ“

Издавач

МАКЕДОНСКО ГЕОГРАФСКО ДРУШТВО

Уредувачки одбор

Д-р Благоја Маркоски Д-р Ивица Милевски

Д-р Свемир Горин Д-р Иван Радевски Д-р Дејан Илиев

Владимир Златаноски

Организациски одбор

Д-р Благоја Маркоски Д-р Олгица Димитровска

Д-р Ивица Милевски Д-р Билјана Апостоловска-Тошевска

Д-р Дејан Илиев Д-р Свемир Горин Д-р Иван Радевски

Согласно принципите при организација на научниот симпозиум со меѓународно учество „Ридско-планински подрачја –проблеми и перспективи“ трудовите се објавени во авторски облик. Во контекст на тоа целокупната одговорност за научната содржина, лектура, стилски, семантички и други недостатоци паѓа на товар на авторите.

SPECIAL EDITION

PROCEEDINGS PROM INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC

SYMPOSIUM ON THE SUBJECT „HILLY MOUNTAIN AREAS -PROBLEMS AND PERSPECTIVES“

Publisher

MACEDONIAN GEOGRAPHICAL SOCIETY

Editorial board

Blagoja Markoski, PhD Ivica Milevski, PhD Svemir Gorin, PhD Ivan Radevski, PhD

Dejan Iliev, PhD Vladimir Zlatanoski

Organizing committee

Blagoja Markoski, PhD Olgica Dimitrovska, PhD

Ivica Milevski, PhD Biljana Apostolovska-Tosevska, PhD

Dejan Iliev, PhD Svemir Gorin, PhD Ivan Radevski, PhD

According to the organizational principles of the scientific symposium with international participation „Hilly mountain areas -problems and perspectives“, proceedings were published in their authentic form. In that context, full responsibility for the scientifi content, style, semantic form, grammar and other mistakes, falls on the authors themselves.

РИДСКО-ПЛАНИНСКИ ПОДРАЧЈА - ПРОБЛЕМИ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ, Охрид, 12-15 IX 2013

HILLY- MOUNTAIN - AREAS PROBLEMS AND PERSPECTIVES, Ohrid, 12-15 IX 2013

СОДРЖИНА / CONTENTS


ПРЕДГОВОР ..................................................................................................................................................... XI PREFACE ........................................................................................................................................................... XII

ПОЗДРАВЕН ГОВОР Проф. д-р Благоја МАРКОСКИ, Претседател на Македонско географско друштво ПРОБЛЕМИ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ НА РИДСКО ПЛАНИНСКИТЕ ПОДРАЧЈА ......................................... XIII PRESIDENT WELCOME Blagoja MARKOSKI PhD. President of Macedonian geographic society PROBLEMS AND PERSPECTIVES OF HILLY MOUNTAIN AREAS .......................................................... XV

ПОЗДРАВНИ ГОВОРИ / WELCOME SPEECHES ................................................................................. XVII

Проф. д-р Никола ПАНОВ Продекан на Природно-математичкиот факултет, Универзитет “Св. Кирил и Методиј“, Скопје ............................................................................................... XVII Prof. Dragica ZIVKOVIC, PhD University of Belgrade, Faculty of Geography, Republic of Serbia ................................................................ XVIII Assistant Professor Dubravka SPEVEC, PhD President of the Croatian Geographical Society................................................................................................. XIX Prof. Georgi LEONIDOV GEORGIEV, PhD South-West University "Neofit Rilski", Blagoevgrad, Republic of Bulgaria....................................................... XX Prof. Milena MOYZEOVA, PhD Institute of Landscape Ecology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic ........................... XXI Проф. д-р Никола В. ДИМИТРОВ Продекан на Факултет за туризам и бизнис логистика – Гевгелија Универзитет „Гоце Делчев“ – Штип, Република Македонија ................................................................... XXII ЗАВРШЕН ДЕЛ НА НАУЧНИОТ СИМПОЗИУМ, ЗАКЛУЧОЦИ ................................................................................................................................................. XXIII

THE FINAL PART OF THE SCIENTIFIC SYMPOSIUM CONCLUSIONS ..............................................................................................................................................XXIV ФОТОГАЛЕРИЈА / PHOTOGALERY ...................................................................................................... XXV

Rossitza KENDEROVA, Ahinora BALTAKOVA (Sofia, Republic of Bulgaria) GLACIER ENDS GEOMORPHOLOGICAL STUDY IN SOUTH BAY AREA, LIVINGSTON ISLAND (SOUTH SHETHLANDS ARCHIPELAGO) ................................................................ 3

ПРИРОДНИ РЕСУРСИ И КОРИСТЕЊЕ НА ЗЕМЈИШТЕТО ВО РИДСКО-ПЛАНИНСКИТЕ ПОДРАЧЈА

NATURAL RESOURCES AND LAND USE IN HILLY-MOUNTAIN AREAS

ПЛЕНАРНА СЕСИЈА PLENARY SESSION

V

http://igeografija.mk/MGD/Ohrid-2013/Makedonski/index.htm

http://igeografija.mk/MGD/Ohrid-2013/index.htm



Ivan RADEVSKI, Svemir GORIN, Blagoja MARKOSKI, Olgica DIMITROVSKA, Snezana TODOROVSKA (Skopje, Republic of Macedonia) SPATIAL PRECIPITATION DISTRIBUTION IN PRESPA BASIN (REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA) ............. 9

Aleksandar SARAFOV, Tsveta STANIMIROVA, Ekaterina FILCHEVA (Sofia, Republic of Bulgaria) TOWARDS THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE KHUMBU HIMALAYAS PEDOGENESIS ....................... 15

Marta JOVANIĆ (Vinkovci, Republic of Croatia) DEVELOPMENT OF THE CENTRAL LIKA LANDSCAPE (REPUBLIC OF CROATIA) CAUSED BY THE SOCIO-ECONOMICAL PROCESSES ................................................................................ 23

Sherwet FADL (Damanhour, Egypt) THE TOPOGRAPHY OF GREEK MOUNTAINS IN THE LIGHT OF GREEK SOURCES ............................ 31

Mihailo ZIKOV, Ivan RADEVSKI (Skopje, Republic of Macedonia) WATER SUPPLY ANALYSIS OF RURAL SETTLEMENTS IN KRIVA REKA WATERSHED ................... 39

Dimitar KRENCHEV, Tsvetelina MONEVA (Sofia, Republic of Bulgaria) WEATHERING PROCESSES AND RELATED PRODUCTS IN GRANITE ROCKS IN SOUTH PIRIN, SOUTH-WEST BULGARIA................................................................................................................................ 45

Marjan TEMOVSKI (Prilep, Republic of Macedonia) KARST IN MARIOVO – EXTENSION, CHARACTERISTICS AND IMPORTANCE ................................... 53

Plamen PATARCHANOV (Sofia, Republic of Bulgaria) THE MOUNTAIN AREA IN BULGARIA – THEORY, METHODS AND PRACTICE ................................... 63

Georgi ZHELEZOV, Aleksander TODOROV (Sofia, Republic of Bulgaria) PRESENT STATUS OF THE LANDSCAPE DIVERSITY IN KRAISHTE MOUNTAIN REGION ................ 73

Anton IVANOV, Georgi ZHELEZOV (Sofia, Republic of Bulgaria) MOUNTAINS CLIMATE INFLUENCE ON RIVER STREAMFLOWS AND LOCAL MEAN SEA LEVEL 79

Anita TODOROVA, Dragan KOLCAKOVSKI (Skopje, Republic of Macedonia) PROTECTION AND PRESENTATION OF THE KATLANOVO HILL ........................................................... 89

Mladen PAHERNIK, Marta JOVANIĆ (Zagreb/Vinkovci, Republic of Croatia) GEOMORPHOLOGIC DATABASE IN THE FUNCTION OF THE CENTRAL LIKA LANDSCAPE TYPOLOGY (REPUBLIC OF CROATIA) ..................................... 97

Sanja KLEMPIĆ BOGADI, Dubravka SPEVEC (Zagreb, Republic of Croatia) DEMOGRAPHIC REALITY, PERSPECTIVE AND CHALLENGES IN CROATIAN HILLY-MOUNTAIN AREAS– CASE STUDY GORSKI KOTAR ....................................... 109

Risto MIJALOV, Goran KITEVSKI (Skopje, Republic of Macedonia) REVITALIZATION OF HILLY - MOUNTAINOUS AREAS AS A BASIS FOR DEMOGRAPHIC PROGRESS OF MACEDONIA ............................................................ 117

Nikola V. DIMITROV (Shtip, Republic of Macedonia) DEMO-GEOGRAPHIC PROBLEMS AND PERSPECTIVES OF HILLY-MOUNTAIN AREAS IN REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA ............................................................. 125

Milena MOYZEOVÁ, Július OSZLÁNYI (Bratislava, Slovak Republic) DEMOGRAPHIC ASPECTS IN THE RESEARCH OF HISTORICAL LANDSCAPE STRUCTURES ........ 133

Dušan RANĐELOVIĆ,Hristina KRSTIĆ, Nikola CEKIĆ, Miomir VASOV, Milica IGIĆ (Niš, Republic of Serbia) LIMITATIONS AND ADVANTAGES OF DESIGNING INDIVIDUAL HOUSES OF HILLY MOUNTAIN AREAS ...................................................... 141

Emiliya PATARCHANOVA (Blagoevgrad, Republic of Bulgaria) ECONOMIC PROFILE OF THE VILLAGES IN PODGORIE (BELASITSA) ................................................ 149

ДЕМОГРАФСКИ ПРОБЛЕМИ, ПОЛИТИКА НА ЕКОНОМСКИ И РЕГИОНАЛЕН РАЗВОЈ ВО РИДСКО-ПЛАНИНСКИТЕ ПОДРАЧЈА

DEMOGRAPHIC PROBLEMS IN HILLY-MOUNTAIN AREAS, POLICY OF ECONOMIC AND REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF HILLY-MOUNTAIN AREAS

VI





Maria SHISHMANOVA, Rozina POPOVA (Blagoevgrad, Republic of Bulgaria) DEMOGRAPHIC PROBLEMS OF MOUNTAIN AREAS IN BULGARIA .................................................... 159

Zdenko BRAIČIĆ, Jelena LONČAR (Zagreb, Republic of Croatia) SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC CONSEQUENCES OF FORCED MIGRATIONS – CASE STUDY OF KOSTAJNICA REGION (ZRINSKA GORA MOUNTAIN, CROATIA) ...................... 169

Marija LJAKOSKA, Dejan ILIEV (Skopje, Republic of Macedonia) DEPOPULATION OF THE VILLAGE SETTLEMENTS IN THE FORMER MUNICIPALITIES VRANESHTICA AND DRUGOVO .................................................................................................................. 177

Milica IGIĆ, DušanRANĐELOVIĆ, Hristina KRSTIĆ, Nikola CEKIĆ, Miomir VASOV (Niš, Republic of Serbia) URBAN PROBLEMS AND PROTECTION OF HILLY MOUNTAIN AREAS IN INDIA ............................ 185

Kole PAVLOV, Gjorgi PAVLOVSKI (Skopje/Shtip, Republic of Macedonia) DEMOGRAPHIC HOUSEHOLD DISCHARGE IN HILLY AND MOUNTAINOUS AREAS OF TIKVEŠ BASIN .................................................................. 195

Boštjan KERBLER (Ljubljana, Republic of Slovenia) DEMOGRAPHIC POTENTIALS OF MOUNTAIN FARMS IN SLOVENIA: ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENT SUCCESSION FACTORS ................................................................................ 203

Željka ŠILJKOVIĆ (Zadar, Republic of Croatia) WHAT IS THE FUTURE SCENARIO FOR RURAL MOUNTAIN REGIONS IN THE REPUBLIC OF CROATIA? ................................................................................................................. 221

Nikola CEKIC, Miomir VASOV, Milica IGIC, Dusan RANDJELOVIC, Hristina KRSTIC (Niš, Republic of Serbia) PROBLEMS AND PERSPECTIVES OF URBAN AGGLOMERATIONS IN HILLY AND MOUNTAINOUS REGIONS ................................................................................................. 229

Branko AJ TURNŠEK, Svetlana VREĆIĆ, Ljiljana JEVREMOVIĆ (Niš, Republic of Serbia) ANALYSIS OF POTENTIAL OF VILLAGES IN THE AREA OF NIS - HILLY VILLAGES ....................... 237

Miroslav DODEROVIĆ, Dragomir KIĆOVIĆ, Tatjana L. ĐEKIĆ, Dragica MIJANOVIC (Niksic, Montenegro; Kosovska Mitrovica/Nis, Republic of Serbia) BASIC TRENDS IN DEMOGRAPHIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE RURAL POPULATION OF MONTENEGRO AND SOME PROBLEMS OF ITS REVITALIZATION ................................................ 247

Boštjan KERBLER (Ljubljana, Republic of Slovenia) CARE POTENTIALS FOR THE ELDERLY IN THE PERIPHERAL RURAL AREAS ................................. 255

Milena SPASOVSKI, Danica ŠANTIĆ (Belgrade, Republic of Serbia) POPULATION POTENTIALS OF THE MOUNTAINOUS AREA OF SERBIA – TRENDS AND PERSPECTIVES ................................................................................................................... 267

Biljana APOSTOLOVSKA TOSHEVSKA, Dejan ILIEV (Skopje, Republic of Macedonia) INFRASTRUCTURE AS A FACTOR OF ECONOMIC-GEOGRAPHICAL AND FUNCTIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF HILLY, HILLY-MOUNTAINOUS AND MOUNTAINOUS VILLAGE SETTLEMENTS IN THE CATCHMENT AREA OF BABUNA AND TOPOLKA ........................................ 275

Hristina KRSTIĆ, Nikola CEKIĆ, Miomir VASOV, Milica IGIĆ, Dušan RANĐELOVIĆ (Nis, Republic of Serbia) MODERN APPROACHES IN ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN OF HOUSES IN HILLY-MOUNTAIN AREAS ................................................................................................ 283

Mirjanka MADJEVIKJ (Skopje, Republic of Macedonia) DEMOGRAPHIC PROBLEMS IN SETTLEMENTS OF MUNICIPALITY OF SOPISHTE ......................... 291

Milka BUBALO-ŽIVKOVIĆ, Tamara LUKIĆ, Bojan ĐERČAN, Branko RISTANOVIĆ (Novi Sad, Republic of Serbia) SETTLEMENTS ON FRUŠKA GORA IN THE URBAN AREA OF NOVI SAD........................................... 303

Biljana APOSTOLOVSKA – TOSHEVSKA, Mirjanka MADZEVIC (Skopje, Republic of Macedonia) PROBLEMS WITH THE DEMOGRAPHIC AGEING IN THE HILLY, HILLY – MOUNTAINS AND MOUNTAINOUS VILLAGE SETTLEMENTS IN THE NORTHEAST REGION ......................................... 313

Bojana JANDŽIKOVIĆ (Kosovska Mitrovica, Republic of Serbia) SOCIO-GEOGRAPHIC PROCESSES IN GORAŽDEVAC 1999-2012 ........................................................... 325

VII





Cane KOTESKI, Zlatko JAKOVLEV, Vladimir KITANOV (Shtip, Republic of Macedonia) DEMOGRAPHIC AND INFRASTRUCTURE PROBLEMS OF VILLAGES IN THE HILLY - MOUNTAINOUS AREAS OF PRILEP .................................................... 335

Tihomir LICHEV (Svishtov, Republic of Bulgaria) DEMOGRAPHIC PROBLEMS OF THE MUNICIPALITIES IN THE CENTRAL PART OF THE PRE-BALKANS .......................................................................................................................................................... 347

T. MICESKI, R. TEMJANOVSKI (Shtip, Republic of Macedonia) DYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF THE DEVELOPMENT TRENDS OF BIRTHS IN RURAL AREAS IN R. MACEDONIA ........................................................................................................ 353


Amra ĆATOVIĆ, Edin HRELJA (Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina) VLAŠIĆ MOUNTAIN TOURISM DEVELOPMENT – PROBLEMS AND PERSPECTIVES ...................... 369

Dejan ILIEV, Marija LJAKOSKA (Skopje, Republic of Macedonia) TOURISM AND ITS FUNCTION IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF HILLY-MOUNTAINOUS AREAS IN THE MUNICIPALITY RADOVISH............................................. 377

Marija MAKSIN, Saša MILIJIC (Belgrade, Republic of Serbia) PLANNING SUSTAINABLE TERRITORIAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE HILLY-MOUNTAIN REGIONS IN SERBIA ......................................................................................................................................................... 387

Nikola KRUNIĆ, Dragutin TOŠIĆ, Olgica BAKIĆ (Belgrade, Republic of Serbia) CHALLENGES OF SPATIAL PLANNING FOR THE NETWORKS OF SETTLEMENTS IN THE HILLY AND MOUNTAIN AREAS OF SERBIA .......................................................................................................... 397

Nikola PANOV, Milena TALESKA, Hristina DIMESKA (Skopje, Republic of Macedonia) THE RURAL TOURISM IN THE REGION OF MARIOVO-GENERAL REVIEW OF THE POSSIBILITIES AND THE PERSPECTIVES OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF RURAL TOURISM ..... 407

Georgi Leonidov GEORGIEV, Ilinka TERZIYSKA (Blagoevgrad, Republic of Bulgaria) SOME PROBLEMS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF ALTERNATIVE FORMS OF TOURISM IN PROTECTED AREAS UNDER NATURA 2000 IN BULGARIA .................................................................... 413

Благоја МАРКОСКИ, Ивица МИЛЕВСКИ, Ј. Вртески (Скопје, Република Македонија) ПРОБЛЕМИ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ НА РАЗВОЈОТ НА ОПШТИНА ПЕХЧЕВО .......................................... 421

Dejan ILIEV (Skopje, Republic of Macedonia) THE IMPORTANCE OF ECONOMIC AND NON-ECONOMIC FUNCTIONS OF ALTERNATIVE FORMS OF TOURISM IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE HILLY-MOUNTAINʹS AREAS ..................................... 433

Aleksandra TERZIĆ, Željko BJELJAC, Ana JOVIČIĆ, Radmila JOVANOVIĆ (Belgrade, Republic of Serbia) DEVELOPMENT OF RURAL TOURISM IN HIGH-MOUNTIN AREAS OF SERBIA AS ALTERNATIVE TO DEPOPULATION TREND ......................................................................................... 443

Ilinka TERZIYSKA (Blagoevgrad, Republic of Bulgaria) TRADITIONAL CRAFTS AND TOURISM IN BULGARIA – PROBLEMS AND OPPORTUNITIES ........ 453

Ivan SARJANOVIĆ (Zagreb, Republic of Croatia) WESTERN SLAVONIA: IDENTITY ASPECTS IN THE BORDER PART OF THE TRADITIONAL REGION ......................................................................... 459

Maria SHISHMANOVA (Blagoevgrad, Republic of Bulgaria) PROBLEMS OF THE ECONOMIC POLICY AND REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF MOUNTAIN AREAS IN BULGARIA ........................................................................................................ 469

ЕКОНОМСКА ПОЛИТИКА И РЕГИОНАЛЕН РАЗВОЈ НА РИДСКО-ПЛАНИНСКИТЕ ПОДРАЧЈА

POLICY OF ECONOMIC AND REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF HILLY-MOUNTAIN AREAS

VIII





Biljana PETREVSKA (Shtip, Republic of Macedonia) EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE OF TOURISM PLANNING IN HILLY-MOUNTAIN AREAS ............................. 479

Vaska ATANASOVA, Ile CVETANOVSKI, Nikola KRSTANOSKI, Dushica TRPCHEVSKA ANGELKOVIK (Bitola, Republic of Macedonia) PROBLEMS AND PERSPECTIVES IN SUSTAINABLE TRANSPORT MODES IN THE NATIONAL PARK OF MAVROVO ................................................................................................... 489

Никола В. ДИМИТРОВ, Нако ТАШКОВ, Дејан МЕТОДИЈЕСКИ (Штип, Република Македонија) РЕГИОНАЛНА РАСПРОСТРАНЕТОСТ НА РУРАЛНИОТ ТУРИЗАМ ВО РИДСКО-ПЛАНИНСКИТЕ ПОДРАЧЈА НА РЕПУБЛИКА МАКЕДОНИЈА ............................................................................................ 497

Miomir VASOV, Milica IGIC, Dusan RANDJELOVIC, Hristina KRSTIC, Nikola CEKIC (Nis, Republic of Serbia) ARCHITECTURE OF THE NATURE PARK STARA PLANINA MT. AS A TOURISM POTENTIAL ...... 503

Saša MILIJIĆ, Nikola KRUNIĆ, Jasmina ĐURĐEVIĆ (Belgrade, Republic of Serbia) POTENTIALS AND LIMITATIONS OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF MOUNTAIN REGIONS – EXPERIENCES OF SERBIA AND COUNTRIES IN THE REGION ............ 511

Ile CVETANOVSKI, Verica DANCHEVSKA, Vaska ATANASOVA (Bitola, Republic of Macedonia) IDENTIFICATION OF OBJECTS IN MOUNTAIN RESORTS USING RFID TECHNOLOGY ................... 521

J. BASARIĆ, J. STEVANOVIĆ STOJANOVIĆ, J. PETRIĆ (Belgrade, Republic of Serbia) THE ROLE OF INFRASTRUCTURE IN THE REVITALIZATION OF HILLY-MOUNTAIN VILLAGES . 527

Riste TEMJANOVSKI, Trajko MICESKI (Shtip, Republic of Macedonia) IMPACT OF ROAD NETWORK ON SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF RURAL COMMUNITY AND PROCESS OF DEPOPULATION IN R. MACEDONIA ........................... 537

Nikola PANOV, Milena TALESKA, Hristina DIMESKA (Skopje, Republic of Macedonia) THE IMPORTANCE OF MOUNTAIN REGIONS FOR TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA ..................................................................................................................... 547

Dragica ŽIVKOVIĆ, Aleksandar VALJAREVIĆ (Belgrade, Republic of Serbia) DIGITAL MODELLING OF FRUSKA GORA TOPOGRAPHIC EXPOSITION ............................................ 559

Blagoja MARKOSKI (Skopje, Republic of Macedonia) MAPPING AND CARTOGRAPHING OF THE DEPOPULATED AND ECONOMICALLY INACTIVE LANDS IN THE REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA ......................................... 565

Svemir GORIN, Ivan RADEVSKI, Blagoja MARKOSKI, Ivica MILEVSKI (Skopje, Republic of Macedonia) GIS ASSESSMENT OF THE LANDSCAPE CHANGES IN THE GEVGELIJA-VALANDOVO BASIN .... 575

Ivica MILEVSKI, Slavoljub DRAGIĆEVIĆ, Radislav TOŠIĆ (Skopje, Republic of Macedonia; Belgrade, Republic of Sebia; Banja Luka, Republic of Srpska) GIS AND REMOTE SENSING ASSESSMENT OF EROSION RISK AREAS IN PEHCHEVO MUNICIPALITY ................................................................................................................................................ 581

Jasmina M. JOVANOVIC (Belgrade, Republic of Serbia) CARTOGRAPHIC VISUALIZATION OF STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL INDICATORS OF POTENTIAL OF HILLY-MOUNTIAN AREAS OF SERBIA.......................................................................... 591

Vladimir ZLATANOSKI, Blagoja MARKOSKI, Olgica DIMITROVSKA, Svemir GORIN, Ivan RADEVSKI (Skopje, Republic of Macedonia) INVENTORY OF SMALL ARTIFICIAL LAKES IN FUNCTION OF HILLY-MOUNTAIN AREAS DEVELOPMENT ON THE TERRITORY OF REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA ............................................... 599

КАРТОГРАФИЈА, ГЕОГРАФСКИ ИНФОРМАЦИСКИ СИСТЕМИ, ЖИВОТНА СРЕДИНА ПРОБЛЕМИ И ПОТЕНЦИЈАЛИ, ЕВРОПСКИ ПОЛИТИКИ И ПРОГРАМИ ЗА РАЗВОЈ

CARTOGRAPHY, GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM, ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS AND POTENTIALS, EUROPEAN POLICIES AND PROGRAMS FOR DEVELOPMENT

IX





Milena MOYZEOVÁ (Bratislava, Slovak Republic) ASSESSMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS AND ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY FOR RURAL SETTLEMENTS ......................................................................................................................... 613

Igor PESHEVSKI, Milorad JOVANOVSKI (Skopje, Republic of Macedonia) MORPHOLOGY AND INSTABILITY OF THE TERRAIN AS LIMITING FACTOR IN RURAL DEVELOPMENT ........................................................................................................................... 619

Mila MIHAJILOVIĆ (Kragujevac, Republic of Serbia) THREATS (NATURAL AND DIRECT HUMAN IMPACT) IN MOUNTAINOUS AREAS ......................... 627

Shkëlzim UKAJ, Fatbardh SALLAKU, Albona SHALA, Odeta TOTA, Fadil MILLAKU, Elez KRASNIQI (Prishtina, Republic of Kosovo; Tirana, Republic of Albania) THE DETERMINATION OF HEAVY METALS IN HYPERACCUMULATOR PLANTS IN DRENAS REGION, KOSOVO ..................................................................................................................... 633

Odeta TOTA, Bujar HUQI, Eugen SKURAJ, Edmira OZUNI, Fatbardh SALLAKU (Durres\Tirana, Republic of Albania) HEAVY METALS CONTAMINATION OF SOILS AROUND METALLURGICAL COMPLEX OF ELBASANI, ALBANIA ........................................................................ 637

Shkëlzim UKAJ, Fatbardh SALLAKU, Fadil HASANI, Elez KRASNIQI, Odeta Tota, Albona SHALA (Prishtina, Republic of Kosovo; Durres\Tirana, Republic of Albania) HEAVY METALS OF AGRICULTURAL LANDS IN NORTHWEST PART OF DRENAS, REPUBLIC OF KOSOVO ................................................................................................................................. 643

Hristina ODZAKLIESKA (Skopje, Republic of Macedonia) FUNCTIONALITY OF AGRO-INDUSTRIAL CAPACITIES IN NATIONAL PARKS ON THE EXAMPLE OF NP MAVROVO ......................................................................................................... 649

Hristina ODZAKLIESKA, Olgica DIMITROVSKA (Skopje, Republic of Macedonia) EXPLOITATION OF MINERAL RESOURCES AND THEIR IMPLICATION ON HILLY- MOUNTAIN AREA DEVELOPMENT ................................................................................................................................... 655

Kole PAVLOV, Gorgi PAVLOVSKI, Ivan RADEVSKI (Skopje\Shtip, Republic of Macedonia) HEAVY METAL CONTAMINATION OF SOME RIVERS IN THE HILLY AND MOUNTAINOUS AREAS OF TIKVEŠ ....................................................................... 661

Risto MIJALOV, Goran KITEVSKI (Skopje, Republic of Macedonia) DEMO - SPATIAL PERSPECTIVES OF HILLY - MOUNTAINOUS AREAS IN THE COUNTRY WITH EUROPEAN INTEGRATION .............................................................................. 671

X





ПРЕДГОВОР Зборникот „Ридско-планински подрачја - проблеми и перспективи“ содржи трудови од научниот симпозиум со меѓународно учество на тема Проблеми и перспективи на ридско-планинските подрачја, одржан во Охрид од 12-15.09 2013 година. На собирот учествуваа околу 120 научни учесници, од кои околу 80 научни работници од Македонија, Албанија, Босна и Херцеговина, Бугарија, Египет, Косово, Словенија, Словачка, Србија, Хрватска, бројни учесници од универзитети и факултети, како и учесници од наставниот кадар од основните и средните училишта од Република Македонија. Редоследот на трудовите во основа е даден според редоследот во работната програма на научниот симпозиум. Содржините се групирани во следните целини: Природните ресурси и употребата на земјиштето во ридско-планинските подрачја; Демографските проблеми во ридско-планинските простори; Политика за економски и регионален развој на ридско-планинските области; Картографија, географски информациски системи, проблеми на животната средина

и нејзина заштина, европски политики и програми за развој. Трудовите се припремени според бараните стандарди од страна на уредувачкиот одбор. Зборникот е публикуван во печатена и електронска форма. Печатената форма е изработена во една боја, така што графичките прилози (карти, дијаграми и друго) кои авторите ги припремија во боја не се репродуцирани со адекватен квалитет. Меѓутоа сите трудови во оригинална колор верзија се публикувани во електронското издание на зборникот. Соодветно на претходно воспоставените организациски поставки би сакале да потенцираме дека одговорноста за изнесените содржини, податоци и ставови паѓа на самите автори. Организациониот одбор на научниот симпозиум и уредувачкиот одбор на зборникот изразуваат искрена благодарност кон сите инволвирани институции и поединци во реализацијата на научниот симпозиум. Особена благодарност изразуваме на Институтот за географија при Природно-математичкиот Факултет во Скопје кој финансиски ја помогна организацијата на научниот симпозиум. Изразуваме голема благодарност и до научните работници кои со својот научен потенцијал со искуства од девет држави дадоа придонес кон разрешување на проблемите кои се почесто се појавуваат во ридско-планинските подрачја.

Проф. д-р Благоја Маркоски

XI





PREFACE The proceedings “Hilly–mountain areas – problems and perspectives” contains papers from the scientific symposium with international appearance with the topic Problems and perspectives of the hilly - mountainous areas, held in Ohrid on 12-15.09.2013. At this meeting participated around 120 scientists, out of which around 80 were from Macedonia, Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Egypt, Kosovo, Slovenia, Slovakia, Serbia, Croatia, numerous participants from universities and high schools in The Republic of Macedonia. The order of the papers is basically given according to the schedule in the work program of the scientific symposium. The contents are grouped in the following units: Natural resources and land use in hilly-mountain areas, Demographic problems in hilly-mountain areas policy of economic and regional

development of hilly-mountain areas, Policy of economic and regional development of hilly-mountain areas, Cartography, Geographic Information Systems, environmental problems and protection,

european policies and programs for development. The papers are edited according to the required standards from the editing board. The proceedings are published in printed and electronic form. The printed form is made in one color, so that the graphic contributions (carts, diagrams and other) which the authors have prepared in color are not reintroduced with the adequate quality. However, all of the works in the original color version are published in the electronic edition of the proceedings. Accordingly to the previously established organizational settings we would like to emphasize that presented content, data and positions are the authors’ responsibility. The organizational board of the scientific symposium and the editing board of the proceedings, express sincere appreciation to all involved institutions and individuals in the realization of the scientific symposium. Especial appreciation is expressed towards the Institute of Geography at the Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics in Skopje that financially supported the organization of the symposium. We are expressing large appreciation to the scientific workers as well, who with their scientific potential and with experience of nine countries contributed towards resolving the problems that appear more and more often in the hilly – mountainous regions.

Prof. Blagoja Markoski, Ph.D

XII



РИДСКО-ПЛАНИНСКИ ПОДРАЧЈА -ПРОБЛЕМИ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ, Охрид, 12-15 IX 2013

HILLY- MOUNTAIN AREAS -PROBLEMS AND PERSPECTIVES, Ohrid, 12-15 IX 2013

275

УДК: 332.12.055.2:338.49(497.713-22)

INFRASTRUCTURE AS A FACTOR OF ECONOMIC-GEOGRAPHICAL

AND FUNCTIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF HILLY, HILLY-

MOUNTAINOUS AND MOUNTAINOUS VILLAGE SETTLEMENTS IN

THE CATCHMENT AREA OF BABUNA AND TOPOLKA

Biljana APOSTOLOVSKA TOSHEVSKA, Dejan ILIEV Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics,

Institute of geography, Arhimedova 3, 1000 Skopje, Republic of Macedonia

e-mail: [email protected], [email protected]

ABSTRACT

The infrastructure of the settlements in the catchment area of Babuna and Topolka is a type of foundation that

reflects the quality of life as standard of living of the population and the general development of the area. The

institutional and linear infrastructure of the settlements in the catchment area is directly related to the economic-

geographical development of this area and because of that, the primary objective of this research paper is to

inventory the existing state of infrastructure, analysis and synthesis of all relevant factors in order to provide a

clear picture of the economic-geographical and functional development level and tendencies in which direction

would the development of the studied area lead, relying on available infrastructure features.

Key words: institutional infrastructure, linear infrastructure, economic-geographical development, functional

development.

INTRODUCTION

Village settlements have great importance in the scientific research of any particular space, and

depending on the subject, goals and objectives of the research, the settlements are studied in several

aspects: size, spatial distribution and especially the aspect of their infrastructural and functional

characteristics, the main subject and goal research of this paper. In the circle of causal connection,

infrastructure is the reason for and the effect of economic-geographical development. The

strengthening of the population mass is a prerequisite of infrastructure organization, and vice a versa.

Only infrastructure equipment can ensure an undisturbed fluid of the population and provide a

comparative advantage in the area of economic activity.

The infrastructural equipment and functionality of the village settlements in the territory of the

catchment area of Babuna and Topolka is discussed in terms of the presence and development of the

linear (traffic, utility and electricity and energy infrastructure) and institutional infrastructure

(education, healthcare, culture and other objects).

The results of the research that are elaborated in the following text of this scientific paper

represent kind of a base form for further research and development projects, in which the

infrastructural problems that hilly, hilly-mountainous and mountainous village settlements in

the catchment area of Babuna and Topolka faced in their functional development, are recorded

and highlighted.

The existing infrastructure is dilapidated and incomplete and the lack of quality infrastructure

facilities important for the development of these village settlements is evident. Therefore, it is

necessary to take measures through an organized approach (state, local self-government,

private sector, etc.), for rehabilitation of the infrastructure system in order to improve the

functional development of village settlements.

FIELD OF RESEARCH

The catchment area of Babuna and Topolka is located in the central part of the Republic of

Macedonia, on the right side of the Vardar River flow and southwest of the city of Veles. The

mailto:[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]



276

entire area covers 947 km². The catchment area is administratively divided into two

municipalities: the Municipality of Chaska and the Municipality of Veles. Neighboring

municipalities are: Gradsko and Rosoman on the east, Zelenikovo and Studenicani on the

north, Makedonski Brod and Dolneni on the west and Prilep and Kavadarci on the south.

There are 42 village settlements existing in the area of Chaska Municipality, but 31 are

located in mountainous areas, while in the Veles Municipality, 5 out of 10 village settlements

that are present within the catchment area are located in hilly-mountainous area50

.

DISCUSSION AND RESULTS

The traffic infrastructure has an important vital function in the purpose of rational territorial

integration of all activities and contents in the area (Stoimenov et. All, 998). It is an important

factor in sizing of the spatial framework for all activities in the economic-geographical

development. Enables the use of natural resources, exchange of goods between the

settlements and wider, territorial mobility of the population and opportunity of information

and innovation penetration, enables sustainable economic development, economic benefits,

improvement in the investment climate, increases the competitiveness of the area to develop

certain economic activity more than other areas, increases the number of jobs, improving the

quality of life. The extent of the development, as well as spatial and temporal consistency is a

reliable indicator of the entire local economic-geographical development of the village

settlements. Therefore, the displacement of the location of certain village settlements nearby

roads as a significant attractive economic, developing and social element is clear.

The catchment area of Babuna and Topolka that is covered by the rural area of the hilly, hilly-

mountainous and mountainous village settlements has an interesting location and spatially

varying opportunities for geographic and traffic contacts. For the most part, it extends

longitudinally between the surrounding valleys, and the entire major traffic paths take place

only in the catchment area of Babuna and Topolka. Other limitations for continuous contact is

because of the surrounding mountains and inadequate road traffic communication to the

Prilep area and further on to Pelagonija and all the rest of the western part of Macedonia, the

area of Porece and the Skopje Valley. The unique opportunity for full traffic communication

is achievable to and from Veles. In this way were traced the main regional roads as R 514

along the river Babuna to the village Bogomila, R 515 along the river Topolka to the village

Drenovo and R 526 ( in the central part of Babuna catchment area) to the village Izvor. In

case the road to Prilep, through Prisad is done, this area will be much more attractive for

economic development in terms of traffic network as a basic determinant of the economic

activity in the area. In this aspect, the railway provides greater convenience. It carries traffic

to Veles and also to Pelagonija, with the possibility of connecting to Greece, and it represents

a greater potential to contribute to the economic development of these villages51

.

Table 1 : Distance of villages from regional roads

From To Total length Road type

Trackless

(km)

Unpaved

(km)

Buffed (km) Paved (km) R 515 Gorno Vranovci 4,9 4,9

R 515 Elovec 0,6 0,6 R 515 Kriva Krusha 9 1,2 7 2 0

50

The division of the hilly, hilly-mountainous and mountainous village settlements is carried out according to the

Panov M (1998): Encyclopedia of the villages in the Republic of Macedonia, Skopje, Republika Makedonija;

(In Macedonian) 51

Apostolovska Toshevska B. The industry in the catchment area of Babuna and Topolka, part of a project at the

Institute of Geography, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, titled Complex geographical study of the

catchment area of Babuna and Topolka (in preparation)



277

R 515 Melnica 4,4 0 0 0 4,4

R 515 Lisiche Regional road R 515 Rakovec 2 1 1

R 515 Drenovo Regional road R 515 Dolno Jabolchishte 8 6 2

R 515 Gorno Jabolchishte 10 6 4

R 514 Bistrica 3 3 R 514 Gabrovnik 5,6 5,6

R 514 Bogomila Regional road

регионален пат

R 514 Kapinovo 3,5 3,5

R 514 Mokreni 9 9 R 514 Nezhilovo 7,9 7,9

R 514 Oraov Dol 1,9 1,9

R 514 Oreshe 3 6 R 514 Paparadishte 3,2 7,5

R 514 Plevenje 3,8 3,8 R 514 Creshnevo 3,3 3,3

R 514 Martolci 1,5 1,5

R 514 Omorani 1,2 1,2 R 526 Vladilovci 2,5 2,5

R 526 Dolno Vladilovci 3 3 R 526 Krnino 4,2 4,2

R 526 Pomenovo 1,5 1,5 R 526 Vojnica 7,1 4 3,1

R 526 Krajnici 12,1 5 7,1

R 526 Smilovci 2,5 2,5 R 526 Stari Grad 2,8 2,8

R 526 Stepanci 0,8 0,8 Source: Calculated according data from www.caska.gov.mk

The railway in real economic conditions has quite comparative advantages in terms of

roadway in the suburban and intercity connections, reflected in the price, the level of safety,

speed, timetables, consistency, the independence from the external influences and so on.

(Stoimenov et. All., 1998). For these reasons the traffic conditions for economic development

and geographical-functional development are quite different and depend on: the network of

local roads, easy access to transport routes of higher rank, favorable connection within the

region and with the surroundings, type of traffic connection, inter-regional connectivity and

connection to the city of Veles and a broad, the number and importance of roads with same

type of traffic and the possibility of using different types of traffic on the same space.

The local road network is the first road link which enables access to roads of higher rank in

the network of village settlements that is the main prerequisite for the quality of life and the

use of services and infrastructure buildings of the surrounding. Only half of the village

settlements are connected by paved roads, in 16 village settlements the approach to regional

road is still going on unpaved road, in five village settlements the road is trackless and four

village settlements still use the mended road to the nearest route of regional significance.

Regional road passes only through three out of 36 village settlements that were analyzed

(Bogomila, Drenovo and Lisiche), and half of them do not have the appropriate access to

regional roads. Most of them are settled in the central area of the catchment area of Babuna.

Most of the village settlements that are connected by paved road have inadequate width. The

most of the local road network by its quality and quantity does not satisfy the conditions for

stimulation of the economic activity. The local road connection between the villages, despite

the efforts for improvement in the last years, still has a series of deficiencies and it reflected

on the economic-geographical development of the area in a different way.

The general impression is that efforts for better organization of the local road network

occurred later, at the same time when the villages weakened in the number of the population

and were unable to respond to current challenges and opportunities for economic development

http://www.caska.gov.mk/



278

on a larger scale. Namely, in the period of 1961 to 2002 the decline of the total population in

the analyzed villages is 52.2%, while only in the central and upper course of river Babuna, the

population declined by 80.1%. The age structure is unfavorable and inappropriate for the

biological and economic revitalization of the area. An additional problem for certain

settlements is the greatest distance from the municipality center, especially in villages settled

in the upper course of river Babuna, which in combination with the lack of organized road

transport and reduced railway transport, requires different territorial organization of the

village settlements in the area. The advantages of appropriate traffic infrastructure equipment

that unfortunately have not been put in function for the economic-geographic development, in

large part has an important role in separating the village Bogomila as a gravitational center for

the surrounding village settlements in the upper course of the river Babuna. Through efforts to

achieve improved base of the physical infrastructure, the prevention of population emptying

of village settlements could be easily contributed, changes in the mono-functional nature of

the functional development (introduction of modern and intensive husbandry and livestock

production, locating commercial facilities, non-commercial facilities and accommodation

needed in tourism) that will let absorption of labor surplus in agriculture. This way, through

the increased concentration of population and functions, the attractiveness of the settlements

and influential affair of local character will be increased. It will further be performed

according to the gravitational model because, "the greater the center is, the attractiveness gets

greater; its attractiveness weakens with the increase of distance between them and other

population centers", (Veljkovic, 1978 through Selmani, 2004). The situation of the villages

Stepanci, Pomenovo, Smilovci, and Vladilovci (in the middle part of catchment area of river

Babuna), is similar and requires territorial gravity to village Izvor as a municipal center. The

significant distance from the municipality center and the city of Veles, in an inadequate road

transport, relatively poor local road network and inability for direct use of the railway, creates

difficult conditions for population mobility and inappropriate basis for economic development

and enriched functional content of the village area. With the finalization of the regional road

to Prilep through Prisad, the attractiveness in the location of these village settlements would

be significantly changed. Despite the fact that activities in the planning of the traffic

infrastructure took place late, the positive effects of the improved traffic infrastructure were

certainly not left out. More precisely, paving of roads, especially in the upper course of river

Babuna (to the villages: Oreshe, Papradishte and Nezilovo) was crucial for promoting certain

forms of tourism based on a series of natural tourism attributes, that were the reason for

construction of accommodation facilities and tourist activation of the area.

Table 2: The distance from the Chaska municipality center and the city of Veles

Distance

From Chashka

municipality center From city of Veles

Settlements in

Chashka municipality

Settlements in Chashka

municipality

Settlements in Veles

municipality

Less than 5 km Rakovec, Elovec -

5 to 10 km Vojnica, Melnica,

Kriva Krushka -

Slivnik, Crkvino

10 to 20 km

Drenovo, Gorno

Vranovci, Lisiche,

Krajnici, Dolno

Vranovci, Martolci,

Stari Grad

Rakovec, Elovec Klukovec, Oraovec,

„Rlevci

20 to 30 km

Vladilovci, Pomenovo,

Stepanci, Smilovci,

Oraov Dol, Mokreni,

Plevenje, Bistrica

Vojnica, Drenovo, Melnica,

Lisiche, Kriva Krusha,

Krajnici, Dolno Vranovci,

Martolci, Stari Grad

-

30 to 40 km Gorno Jabolchishte, Gorno Vranovci, Stepanci, -



279

Dolno Jabolchishte,

Krnino, Creshnevo,

Gabrovnik

Plevenje, Bistrica

40 to 50 km

Bogomila, Oreshe

Nezhilovo, Papradishte,

Kapinovo

Gorno Jabolchishte, Dolno

Jabolchishte, Vladilovci,

Krnino, Smilovci, Oraov Dol,

Gabrovnik, Mokreni

-

More than 50 km

- Bogomila, Orashe, Nezhilovo,

Papradishte, Creshnevo,

Kapinovo

-

Source: Calculated according to data from the Chashka municipality profile and own researches

The rest of the linear infrastructure that covers the area of the village settlements in the

catchment area of Babuna and Topolka, includes the electricity and utility infrastructure.

The electricity and energy infrastructure enables various activities and needs of the population

in the catchment area of Babuna and Topolka in the process of their daily life and work. The

power supply is carried out through the energy system of EVN, and only the water of river

Babuna is used to make electricity through small hydropower plant Bogomila. All village

settlements52

are supplied by relative stable voltage power grid, irrespective of the number of

inhabitants.

The utility infrastructure in the context of populated areas in the catchment area of Babuna

and Topolka, primarily relates to water supply and sewerage. Water is carried out through

water supply systems, private pump and public drinking water fountains. Only about 50 % of

the village settlements have built water supply systems. But problems with the water supply

can occur in all villages during the summer period. At the same time, once again, the use of

other alternative ways to supply water can be used. An additional problem is the sewage

system which is implemented in the area of only six village settlements. Starting from the

essential, relevant improvements in this type of linear infrastructure is needed, which of

course, greatly affects the degree of attractiveness of the area for economic and functional

development.

The institutional infrastructure presupposes equipment of populated areas with educational,

health, cultural, and other facilities. From data in Table 3 it was concluded that part of the

linear and institutional infrastructure in populated areas in the catchment area of Babuna and

Topolka is established and associated with paved roads, has water supply and electricity and

there are shops, schools and religious facilities. But there is a limitation of infrastructural

facilities that would have importance in the development of populated areas, as for example,

the lack of sewage systems, agricultural cooperatives, purchasing points, health facilities, etc. Of great importance is to note that the existing infrastructure in the case study area is

depreciated, dilapidated and incomplete, and therefore, reconstruction and modernization as a

condition for further economic-geographical and functional development of the village

settlements in this area is needed.

In circumstances when 27 village settlements of the municipality of Caska (35 out of all

analyzed villages, 29 villages of Chaska municipality) are more than 20 km away from the

city of Veles (as the closest city destination they gravitate to), the role of local municipal

institutional infrastructure equipment is more than important and only its quantitative and

qualitative improvement is a prerequisite for overall economic-geographical development.

But, based on the available data, the institutional infrastructure is poorly organized. Sparse

facilities network, primarily for health services, education and merchandising are not an

attractive feature for further development and existence. Because of the differences in the

52

Plevenje, Kriva Krusha and Kapinovo were electrified later than other village settlements



280

development of the nearest urban environment, conditions for migration movements, mainly

by economic motive are created.

Table 3: Institutional and linear infrastructure in the hilly-mountainous village settlements of Babuna and

Topolka catchment area

Infrastructure Institutional infrastructure Linear infrastructure

Vil

lag

e

sett

lem

ent

Ele

men

tary

sch

oo

l

Am

bu

lan

ce

Sto

res

Po

st o

ffic

e

Ch

urc

h,

mo

na

ster

y

Mo

squ

es

Wa

ter

sup

ply

Sew

era

ge

net

wo

rk

Ele

ctri

city

Pa

ved

ro

ad

to t

he

sett

lem

ent

Chashka Municipality

Vojnica - - - - + - Under

construction - + -

Gorno Vranovci + - + - - + + + + +

Elovec - - - - + - + - + +

Krajnici - - - - + - - - + -

Kriva Krusha - - - - + - - - + -

Lisiche - - + - + - + - + -

Melnica + - + - - + + + + +

Rakovec - - - - + - - - + -

Drenovo - - - - + - - - + -

Gorno Jabolchishte + + + - - + + - + +

Dolno Jabolchishte + - + - - + + - + +

Bistrica - - ** - + - + - + +

Bogomila + + + + + - + + + -

Gabrovnik - - - - + - - - + -

Kapinovo - - - - + - * * + -

Mokreni - - - - + - + - + -

Nezhilovo - - - - + - + - + +

Oraov Dol - - - - + - ** - + -

Oreshe + - + - + - + - + +

Papradishte - - - - + - + - + +

Plevenje - - - - - - - - + -

Creshnevo - - - - + - * * + -

Vladilovci - - - - + - + - + +

Dolno Vranovci - - - - + - - - + -

Krnino - - - - - - - - + -

Martolci - - - - + - + + + +

Pomenovo - - - - + - * * + -

Smilovci - - - - + - - - + -

Stari Grad - - - - + - Under

construction - + +

Stepanci - - - - + - * * + -

Veles Municipality

Klukovec + + + + ** + + - + -

Oraovec ** - - - + ** + - + +

„Rlevci ** - ** - + ** - - + -

Slivnik + - + - ** ** + + + -

Crkvino + - + - + - - + + -

Source: LEAP - Local Environmental Action Plan, Municipality of Chashka, 2009-2015; Municipality of Veles,

Own researches, *displaced settlements, **unknown



281

CONCLUSION

In the past sixty years, the analyzed villages were experiencing intense decline in the number

of population, which was mostly due to the inability to maintain the population and to secure

it economically. In one part, it was all due to inadequate infrastructure equipment and its

inability to be competitive to all opportunities and economic challenges it offered Veles,

during the rapid industrial development. A long period after, the infrastructure has still not

fully captured that integrated role in the area, its quantitative and qualitative characteristics

are still not determinant for the future direction of their economic and functional

development. At the same time, it does not provide equal development opportunities and

benefits for living for the existing population, which correlated with economic insecurity, is

strong arguments for continued migration. Because of these reasons, different territorial

organization of the area is necessary, by strengthening the centrality of two settlements:

Bogomila and Izvor, which will create suitable conditions for local action and infrastructural

space design. The increased life quality and economic-geographical and functional

development should be a major and fundamental criterion in the selection of new solutions for

the future organization of spatial infrastructure system. That means determining the optimal

connections and relations among quantity and quality.

REFERENCES

Selmani A. (2004): An attempt to construct a new territorial organization of the Republic of Macedonia,

Proceedings of a round table discussion on the territorial organization of municipalities as a basis for future

development of the Republic of Macedonia, Faculty of natural sciences and mathematics, Institute of Geography,

Skopje. (in Macedonian)

Stoimenov P., Avdovikj O., Doncheva A. (1998): Traffic system and spatial development of the Republic of

Macedonia, Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference, Perspectives and improvement of planning

and spatial organization, March 4 to 7, 1998, Skopje. (in Macedonian)

Stojmilov A. (2005): Socioeconomic geography of the Republic of Macedonia, University of Ss. Cyril and

Methodius, Faculty of natural sciences and mathematics, Skopje. (in Macedonian)

LEAP - Local Environmental Action Plan of the Municipality of Chashka, 2009-2015. (in Macedonian)

Panov M. (1998): Encyclopedia of the villages in the Republic of Macedonia, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia,

(in Macedonian)

Profile of the municipality of Chashka, October 2008. (in Macedonian)

Census of the population and households, according settlements 1948-2002 (www.stat.gov.mk)

http://www.stat.gov.mk/

INFRASTRUCTURE AS A FACTOR OF ECONOMIC-GEOGRAPHICAL AND FUNCTIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF HILLY,...

Documents

Transcript of INFRASTRUCTURE AS A FACTOR OF ECONOMIC-GEOGRAPHICAL AND FUNCTIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF HILLY,...