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INDONESIA SUSTAINABLE

ECOSYSTEMS ADVANCED (SEA)

PROJECT

First Annual Work Plan

March, 2016 to September, 2017

SEPTEMBER 2016

This publication was produced for review by the United States Agency for International Development

(USAID). It was prepared by Tetra Tech.

Contract Number : AID-497-C-16-00008

Project Title : Indonesia Sustainable Ecosystems Advanced (SEA) Project

Contract Period : March 21, 2016 to March 22, 2021

Prepared for : USAID Indonesia

Submitted to Celly Catharina, Contracting Officer’s Representative (COR)

[email protected]

Submitted by : Tetra Tech

159 Bank Street, Suite 300, Burlington, VT 05401

Tel: 802-495-0282, Fax: 802 658-4247

www.tetratech.com/intdev

First version submitted

Revised version submitted :

:

June 22, 2016

September 30, 2016

October 12, 2016

Tetra Tech Contacts:

Alan White, Chief of Party

[email protected]

Tiene Gunawan, Deputy Chief of Party

[email protected]

Gina Green, Project Manager

[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

http://www.tetratech.com/intdev

mailto:Alan.White@

mailto:[email protected]

INDONESIA SUSTAINABLE

ECOSYSTEMS ADVANCED (SEA)

PROJECT FIRST ANNUAL WORK PLAN

MARCH 2016 TO SEPTEMBER 2017

DISCLAIMER

The authors’ views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the United States

Agency for International Development or the United States Government.

INDONESIA SEA YEAR 1 ANNUAL WORK PLAN: SEPTEMBER 2016 [i]

TABLE OF CONTENTS

TABLE OF CONTENTS ........................................................................................................ i

TABLES AND FIGURES ..................................................................................................... iv

ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS .................................................................................. v

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...................................................................................................... 1

GEOGRAPHIC FOCUS .......................................................................................................................... 1

KEY RESULTS ....................................................................................................................................... 3

DESCRIPTION OF THIS DOCUMENT .................................................................................................. 4

RINGKASAN EKSEKUTIF ................................................................................................... 5

WILAYAH KERJA .................................................................................................................................. 5

HASIL YANG DIHARAPKAN ................................................................................................................. 7

PENJELASAN DOKUMEN .................................................................................................................... 8

1.0 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................ 9

1.1 CONTEXT ...................................................................................................................................... 9

1.2 GEOGRAPHIC FOCUS .............................................................................................................. 10

2.0 SEA SITUATION MODEL ............................................................................................ 17

3.0 SEA THEORY OF CHANGE........................................................................................ 17

3.1 NATIONAL MEETINGS ............................................................................................................. 17

3.2 Provincial Meetings .................................................................................................................. 19

4.0 SEA PROJECT DESIGN ............................................................................................. 27

4.1 OVERALL STRATEGY .............................................................................................................. 27

4.2 LINKAGES TO THE USAID Country Development and Cooperation Strategy and goi priorities .................................................................................................................................. 30

4.3 KEY RESULTS ........................................................................................................................... 32

5.0 SEA THEORY OF CHANGE........................................................................................ 32

5.1 HIGH-LEVEL THEORY OF CHANGE NARRATIVE ................................................................. 32

5.2 MANAGEMENT COMPONENTS AND CROSS-CUTTING TASKS ......................................... 33 5.2.1 Community Empowerment (Feed the Future) – Task 9 (Component 3) ............................. 34 5.2.2 Science, Technology, and Innovation – Task 11 (Component 4) ........................................ 34 5.2.3 SEA Performance Monitoring System – Tasks 12 and 13 (Component 5) ......................... 35 5.2.4 Communication and Coordination with Other Programs ..................................................... 35 5.2.5 Gender ................................................................................................................................. 36

6.0 TECHNICAL APPROACHES FOR IMPROVED FISHERIES MANAGEMENT ............ 38

6.1 Strategic approach 2: Improve ecosystem management of FMA-715 and MPAs .............. 38

INDONESIA SEA YEAR 1 ANNUAL WORK PLAN: SEPTEMBER 2016 [ii]

6.1.1 Overall Approach ................................................................................................................. 38 6.1.2 Theory of Change Narrative ................................................................................................ 39

6.2 Technical Approach 1: Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries Management ........................... 41 6.2.1 Theory of Change Narrative ................................................................................................ 41

6.3 Technical Approach 2. Marine Protected Areas .................................................................... 49 6.3.1 Theory of Change Narrative ................................................................................................ 49

6.4 Technical Approach 3. Marine Spatial Planning ................................................................... 54 6.4.1 Theory of Change Narrative ................................................................................................ 54

6.5 Technical Approach 4. Law Enforcement .............................................................................. 58 6.5.1 Theory of Change Narrative ................................................................................................ 58

7.0 STRATEGIC APPROACHES ADDRESSING ENABLING CONDITIONS ................... 65

7.1 STRATEGIC APPROACH 1: CREATE DEMAND THROUGH AWARENESS RAISING AND ADVOCACY ............................................................................................................................. 65

7.1.1 Theory of Change Narrative ................................................................................................ 66

7.2 Strategic approach 3: increase incentives for marine stewardship .................................... 74 7.2.1 Theory of Change Narrative ................................................................................................ 74

7.3 Strategic approach 4: advance the development of marine and fisheries policies and regulations .............................................................................................................................. 79

7.3.1 Theory of Change Narrative ................................................................................................ 79

7.4 Strategic approach 5: institutionalize training and capacity building ................................ 85 7.4.1 Theory of Change Narrative ................................................................................................ 85

8.0 MANAGEMENT APPROACH ...................................................................................... 97

8.1 Collaboration and Coordination .............................................................................................. 97

8.2 Integration with the Monitoring, Evaluation, and Learning Plan ........................................ 103 8.2.1 USAID SEA Project Impact Evaluation .............................................................................. 103

8.3 Environmental Mitigation and monitoring INTEGRATION FOR SEA ................................ 105

APPENDIX 1: STATUS OF MPA SITES BY SEA PROVINCE ......................................... 106

APPENDIX 2: SEA SITUATION MODEL ......................................................................... 108

APPENDIX 3: SIMPLIFIED THEORY OF CHANGE ......................................................... 109

Technical Approaches for Improved Fisheries Management under Strategic Approach 2 ...... 109 General Results of the Technical Approaches................................................................................ 109

Strategic Approaches Addressing Enabling Conditions .............................................................. 110

APPENDIX 4: SEA PERFORMANCE MONITORING SYSTEM AND SUPPORT TO GOI ONE DATA INITIATIVE ...................................................................................................... 113

GOI One Data Initiative ..................................................................................................................... 113

The SEA Performance Monitoring System and Collection of the SEA BASELINE .................... 114 SEA Project Baseline ...................................................................................................................... 114 Monitoring for MPA Management Effectiveness ............................................................................. 115

APPENDIX 5: ENVIRONMENTAL MITIGATION AND MONITORING PLAN ................... 116

INDONESIA SEA YEAR 1 ANNUAL WORK PLAN: SEPTEMBER 2016 [iii]

APPENDIX 6: STAFFING PLAN ...................................................................................... 123

Office Location and Placement of Staff .......................................................................................... 130

INDONESIA SEA YEAR 1 ANNUAL WORK PLAN: SEPTEMBER 2016 [iv]

TABLES AND FIGURES

Table 1. SEA Implementation Partners ......................................................................................................................... 2

Table 2. First-year SEA activities related to areas outside of FMA-715 ............................................................. 11

Table 3. Potential SEA National-Level Priority Activities for the First 18 Months .......................................... 18

Table 4. SEA Target Districts and Results of the Provincial Consultations ...................................................... 21

Table 5. Alignment of SEA Strategic Approaches with Project Components and Tasks ............................... 27

Table 6. Country Development and Cooperation Strategy Linkages to the SEA Project ............................. 30

Table 7. Technical Approach 1 Activities and Outcomes ...................................................................................... 44



Table 10. Technical Approach 4 Activities and Outcome ..................................................................................... 60

Table 11. Strategic Approach 1 Activities and Outcomes ..................................................................................... 68




Table 15. Potential Collaboration with Other Programs and Partners .............................................................. 97

Table 16. Summary of Project Management and Coordination Activities and SEA Core Team

Deliverables ................................................................................................................................................................... 98

Table 17. Summary of SEA Project Deliverables by Partner ................................................................................. 99

Table 18. Proposed Timeline for Impact Evaluation Design and Baseline Assessment ............................... 104

Table 19. Linkages Between the Strategic Approaches Addressing Enabling Conditions ........................... 110

Table 20. SEA Environmental Mitigation and Monitoring Plan ........................................................................... 116

Table 21. Proposed Mitigation and Monitoring Measures for Potential Negative Environmental Impacts

from SEA First-Year Activities. .............................................................................................................................. 120

Table 22. SEA Staffing Plan ......................................................................................................................................... 125

Figure 1. SEA Target Provinces .................................................................................................................................... 13

Figure 1a. SEA Project Sites in North Maluku Province ..................................................................................... 14

Figure 1b. SEA Project Sites in Maluku Province .................................................................................................. 15

Figure 1c. SEA Project Sites in West Papua Province ......................................................................................... 16

Figure 2. SEA Project Overall Results Chain Diagram............................................................................................ 37

Figure 3. Strategic Approach 2 Summary Results Chain Diagram ....................................................................... 40

Figure 4. Technical Approach 1 Results Chain Diagram ........................................................................................ 43




Figure 8. Strategic Approach 1 Results Chain Diagram.......................................................................................... 67

Figure 9. Strategic Approach 3 Results Chain Diagram.......................................................................................... 76

Figure 10. Strategic Approach 4 Results Chain Diagram ....................................................................................... 81

Figure 11. Strategic Approach 5 Results Chain Diagram ....................................................................................... 87

Figure 12. Simplified SEA Project Technical Approach Results Chain Diagram ............................................ 111

Figure 13. Work Flow Diagram for SEA Strategic Approaches to Enabling Conditions ............................. 112

Figure 14. SEA Jakarta Office Staffing and Management Organization Structure .......................................... 123

Figure 15. Regional Field Operations Staffing and Management Organization Structure ............................ 124

INDONESIA SEA YEAR 1 ANNUAL WORK PLAN: SEPTEMBER 2016 [v]

ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

APIK Adaptasi Perubahan Iklim dan Ketangguhan (Climate Change Adaptation and Resilience)

ASEAN Association of Southeast Asian Nations

ATSEA Arafura and Timor Seas Ecosystem Action

BAPPEDA Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Daerah (Provincial Government Development Planning Board)

BAPPENAS Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Nasional (State Ministry of National Development Planning)

BHS Bird’s Head Seascape

BP3 Balai Pendidikan dan Pelatihan Perikanan (Center for Fisheries Training and Education)

CDCS Country Development and Cooperation Strategy

CMM Conservation and Management Measures

CMP Conservation Measures Partnership

CMSP Coastal and Marine Spatial Planning

COREMAP Coral Reef Rehabilitation and Management Program

COP Chief of Party

CPAR Contractor Performance Assessment Report

CSO Civil Society Organization

CTC Coral Triangle Center

CTI Coral Triangle Initiative

CTI-CFF Coral Triangle Initiative on Coral Reefs, Fisheries, and Food Security

CTMPAS Coral Triangle Marine Protected Area System

DCOP Deputy Chief of Party

DG Directorate General

DKP Dinas Kelautan dan Perikanan (Office for Marine Affairs and Fisheries)

DO Deliverable Output

EAFM Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries Management

EBM Ecosystem-Based Management

ECOFISH Ecosystems Improved for Sustainable Fisheries

E-KKP3K Efektivitas Pengelolaan Kawasan Konservasi Perairan, Pesisir dan Pulau-pulau Kecil (Technical

Guidelines for Evaluating the Management Effectiveness of Aquatic, Coastal, Small Island

Conservation Areas)

ERC Evaluation, Research, and Communication

ESF Environmental Screening Form

ETP Endangered, Threatened, and Protected Species

FADs Fish Agregating Devices (Rumpon)

FISH Fisheries Improved for Sustainable Harvests

FKPPS

Forum Koordinasi Pengelolaan dan Pemanfaatan Sumber Daya Ikan (Forums for Coordination of

Management and Utilization of Fish Resources)

FMA Fisheries Management Area (Wilayah Pengelolaan Perikanan)

FMC Fisheries Management Committee

FTF Feed the Future

GCM Growth, Control, Maintenance

GEF Global Environment Facility

GIS Geographic Information System

GOI Government of Indonesia

ICED Indonesia Clean Energy Development

IE Impact Evaluation

IEE Initial Environmental Examination

IMACS Indonesia Marine and Climate Support Project

IR Intermediate Result

INDONESIA SEA YEAR 1 ANNUAL WORK PLAN: SEPTEMBER 2016 [vi]

IUU Illegal, Unregulated, and Unreported

KKP Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan (Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries)

Konas Konverensi Nasional

LGN Local Government Network

LTTA Long-Term Technical Assistance

MDPI Masyarakat dan Perikanan Indonesia

ME&L Monitoring, Evaluation, and Learning

MMAF Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries

MOF Ministry of Finance

MOU Memorandum of Understanding

MP3EI Masterplan Percepatan dan Perluasan Pembangunan Ekonomi Indonesia (Master Plan for Acceleration

and Expansion of Indonesia’s Economic Development)

MPA Marine Protected Areas

MPAG Marine Protected Areas Governance

MSP Marine Spatial Planning

NDw/C Negative Determination with Conditions

NGO Nongovernmental Organization

NOAA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

NSPK Norma, Standar, Prosedur, Kriteria (Norms, Standards, Procedures, Criteria)

OCEANS Oceans for Biodiversity Conservation and Food Security Activity

PCRA Participatory Coastal Resources Assessment

PI Program Integrator

PM Project Manager

POKMASWAS Kelompok Masyarakat Pengawas (Community-based Surveillance Group)

PPP Public Private Partnership

ProRep Program Representasi Project

PSM Port State Measure

RDMA Regional Development Mission in Asia

RFP Request for Proposal

RFMO Regional Fisheries Management Organization

RZWP3K Rencana Zonasi Wilayah Pesisir dan Pulau-Pulau Kecil (Coastal and Small Islands Zoning Plan)

SA Strategic Approach

SEA Sustainable Ecosystem Advanced

SEAFDEC Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center

SFM Sustainable Fisheries Management

SISMASWAS Sistem Masyarakat Berbasis Pengawasan (System for Community-based Monitoring)

SOP Standard of Practice

STI Science, Technology, and Innovation

STIP Science, Technology, Innovation and Partnerships

STTA Short-Term Technical Assistance

TA Technical Approach

TOC Theory of Change

TPI Tempat Pelelangan Ikan (location of fish auctions)

ToT Training of Trainers

TURF Territorial Use Rights in Fisheries

USAID IFACS USAID Indonesia Forest and Climate Support Project

USAID United States Agency for International Development

USCTI U.S. Coral Triangle Initiative

VIIRS Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite

WCS Wildlife Conservation Society

INDONESIA SEA YEAR 1 ANNUAL WORK PLAN: SEPTEMBER 2016 [vii]

WPPNRI Wilayah Pengelolaan Perikanan Nasional Republic of Indonesia (National Fisheries Management Area

of the Republic of Indonesia)

WWF World Wildlife Fund

INDONESIA SEA YEAR 1 ANNUAL WORK PLAN: SEPTEMBER 2016 [1]

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

The Indonesian Sustainable Ecosystems Advanced (SEA) Project is a five-year project that supports the

Government of Indonesia (GOI) to improve the governance of fisheries and marine resources and to

conserve biological diversity at local, district, provincial, and national levels. By using an ecosystem-based

approach to management (EBM) and engaging key stakeholders, SEA will 1) enhance the conservation

and sustainable use of marine resources by reforming fisheries management and promoting marine

protected areas to enhance fisheries productivity, food and nutrition security, and sustainable livelihoods

within the target area; and 2) strengthen the leadership role and capacity of the Ministry of Marine

Affairs and Fisheries (MMAF) and local governments to promote conservation and sustainable fishing.

SEA is implemented by Tetra Tech and a consortium of partners that includes the Wildlife Conservation

Society (WCS), Coral Triangle Center (CTC), and World Wildlife Fund-Indonesia (WWF) (Table 1) and

will run from March 2016 through March 2021.

SEA is predicated on an ecosystem approach to fisheries and marine resources management (EAFM),

which implies that it will be integrated within the fisheries sector and will assist in the development of

plans and the implementation of activities that conserve biodiversity and the ecosystem functions, goods,

and services – from food security to livelihoods – upon which humans depend. Accomplishing this vision

will require integrating ecological, biophysical, governance, and socio-economic concerns. Furthermore,

a consistent level of baseline information for the project areas will be formulated so that actions and

longer-term plans will truly address the underlying issues and threats to biodiversity in the focal

geographic areas. Such an approach will also provide a model for other areas in Indonesia and a

systematic means of scaling up coastal and marine resource management by local districts, provinces,

and the national government. SEA aims to increase fisheries productivity, food and nutrition security,

and sustainable livelihoods through the conservation of critical habitats and species within the target

area (a subset of WPPNRI-715, hereafter FMA-715) and strategic sites adjacent to FMA-715. SEA

activities will improve the sustainability and resiliency of marine resources, habitats, marine protected

areas (MPAs), and human coastal communities through the promotion of an integrated approach to

biodiversity conservation and fisheries management while incentivizing stakeholders to engage in

sustainable resource use.

GEOGRAPHIC FOCUS

SEA activities are targeted at three levels of governance: the national level, the National Fisheries

Management Area (FMA) of the Republic of Indonesia, and three adjacent provinces in eastern Indonesia

(West Papua, North Maluku, and Maluku) that lie within FMA-715, one of Indonesia’s 11 FMAs (Figure

1). Potential districts where a portion of the SEA activities will be located include Ternate, Tidore, South

Halmahera, Central Halmahera, and Morotai in North Maluku Province; West Seram, Central Maluku,

and East Seram in Maluku Province; and Raja Ampat, Sorong, South Sorong, Fak Fak, and Bintuni in West

Papua Province. The project sites were selected on the basis of the area’s high marine biodiversity,

status as a national priority area for fisheries, the presence of small island provinces/districts, high rates

of extreme poverty, and high vulnerability to climate change.

In addition to the priority geographies in FMA-715 noted above, SEA will provide limited assistance to

selected areas outside of FMA-715 in line with priorities set by MMAF to address overfishing and illegal

and destructive fishing as well as small island development. These areas include the Java Sea in Central

Java Province and the Natuna Islands in the South China Sea and, possibly, the Arafura Sea in

conjunction with the ongoing Arafura and Timor Seas Ecosystem Action (ATSEA) Program. Over the life

of the project, SEA may also include several island groups outside of but adjacent to FMA-715 to

accommodate the planning and development of an MPA network across this portion of Indonesia, which


contains several island groups of high marine value, such as the Banda Islands in Maluku and the Banggai

Islands in Central Sulawesi.

An additional consideration for SEA is the enactment of Indonesian Law No. 23/2014 on Local

Government, which has fundamentally changed the governance of marine and fisheries affairs in

Indonesia and will thus influence the SEA strategic approaches (SAs) to local government capacity

building and engagement. Law 23 stipulates that the district governments will no longer have authority

to manage or be responsible for the following public affairs:

Marine, coastal, and small islands management

Marine and fisheries resource surveillance

Marine and fisheries product management and marketing

Fish quarantine and the quality control and safety of fisheries products

Human resources development

This change in authority requires that district governments must adjust to this new institutional and

policy arrangement for managing marine resources and fisheries and look to the provincial government

for stronger leadership and capacity to manage marine and fisheries affairs up to 12 nautical miles

offshore. This is discussed in more detail in the main plan below.

Table 1. SEA Implementation Partners

Partner Role

Tetra Tech/Core SEA

Team

Overall technical and administrative project management

Prime Contractor and lead in government coordination, communications, and

local capacity development activities

Lead in monitoring, evaluation, and learning

Overall financial management

Specific technical expertise on the governance of fisheries and other marine

resources management strategies, e.g., mechanisms for marine tenure

(traditional and modern), limited access regimes, MPA and network design and

implementation, management effectiveness measures, and participatory planning

approaches (among others)

World Wildlife Fund-

Indonesia

Expertise and experience in community-based coastal management

Provide local experts to serve as Site Coordinators for Maluku and West Papua

Provide short-term technical assistance to support strengthening of the

national- and regional-level policy and regulatory framework; MPA governance

and establishment; MSP; integration of EAFM into local fisheries and

conservation management plans; updating the FMA-715 fisheries management

plan; sustainable finance schemes; creation of PPPs; and government, university,

NGO, and CSO collaboration and capacity building

Wildlife Conservation

Society

Provide local experts to serve as Site Coordinators for North Maluku

Provide long- and short-term technical experts to support improving fisheries

management in North Maluku, including building on customary fisher

institutions, reducing the illegal trade of ETP marine species, and building

capacity of government law enforcement agencies to combat the illegal wildlife

trade; MPA financing; spatial assessments; and science-based performance

monitoring and assessments


Partner Role

Coral Triangle Center

Provide long- and short-term consultants to develop and deliver training to

national and local entities on marine conservation issues and EAFM

Provide local experts as Training and Learning Network and Senior Curriculum

Specialists

Support the design of MPA Networks and gender integration

KEY RESULTS

The objectives of the SEA Project are to:

Support enhanced conservation and sustainable use of marine resources by reforming fisheries

management and promoting marine protected areas to enhance fisheries productivity, food

security, and sustainable livelihoods within the target areas

Support the strengthening of the leadership role and capacity of the MMAF and local

governments to promote conservation and sustainable fishing

Overall, at the end of five years, USAID assistance through SEA will have improved the conservation and

management of Indonesia’s marine biodiversity through increased capacity and the practical application

of marine conservation and sustainable fisheries management. In pursuit of this goal, SEA supports

USAID’s Biodiversity Conservation earmark, the Feed the Future (FTF) initiative, and the Executive

Order and National Strategy on Combatting Wildlife Trafficking.

The high-level results that must be achieved by the completion of the project are as follows:

1. At least six million hectares in the target FMA or sub-FMA under improved fisheries

management as a result of USG assistance, measured through the MMAF EAFM and MPA

Effectiveness Index scores or other approved national or international standards, disaggregated

by national, provincial, and district jurisdiction, and by whether within or outside MPAs

2. At least six policies, laws, regulations, and/or operational protocols in support of marine

conservation and sustainable fisheries management created, strengthened, promulgated, and/or

enforced at all levels

3. Key drivers and highest-rated pressures to marine biodiversity show a declining trend in the

target areas

In this first year of the project, SEA will undertake the planning and initiation of all major project

activities with the active participation of all partners from the government, non-government, and private

sectors. The major anticipated outcomes are:

1. Baseline assessments of the socio-economic, governance, and bio-physical contexts of the SEA

Project area with a focus on the specific project sites

2. Initiation of a FMA-715-wide Fisheries Management Committee (715 FMC) across the three

provinces

3. Programming and initial implementation of field-level activities with FTF funding

4. Engagement with national government agencies to determine priority needs in relation to

fisheries stock assessment, fisheries and marine resources data systems, and management and

capacity-building needs from national to local levels


5. Formation of relationships with all relevant and parallel donor and government projects of a

similar nature with potential complementarity to SEA

6. Development of a Gender Integration Strategy

7. Development of a Partner Communication and Coordination Plan

DESCRIPTION OF THIS DOCUMENT

The purpose of the annual work plan is for USAID and the SEA team to clearly program activities for

the upcoming year and to monitor their implementation. The timing, sequencing, and resource allocation

for activities will be regularly monitored through the SEA Monitoring, Evaluation, and Learning (ME&L)

Plan and updated as needed through quarterly reports to USAID. This plan has been developed in close

coordination and communication with MMAF and the three provincial governments that oversee the

three primary SEA project areas. In addition, partner NGOs, regional university staff, and selected

donor projects working on marine conservation and fisheries management have been consulted and

contributed to the development of the plan. By design, this first annual work plan contributes directly to

the MMAF indicators, as detailed in the main body of the document.

This document is organized by five SAs, which are described in detail in the main body, that were

derived from the SEA Project components provided by USAID and which align well with key strategies

to improve marine resources management and conservation in Indonesia. For each approach, the theory

of change (TOC) is explained and presented with a detailed results chain for the life of the project.

Additionally, a detailed list of activities and anticipated outcomes for the first year is provided. The

document’s appendices include information on the SEA situation model, the SEA performance

monitoring system, the Environmental Mitigation and Monitoring Plan (EMMP), and project staffing

information, which will be useful for project management.


RINGKASAN EKSEKUTIF

Proyek Indonesia Sustainable Ecosystems Advanced (SEA) merupakan proyek berkurun waktu lima tahun

yang mendukung Pemerintah Indonesia dalam menguatkan tata kelola sumber daya perikanan dan

kelautan, dan dan menguatkan upaya konservasi keanekaan hayati di tingkat lokal, kabupaten, provinsi,

dan nasional. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan berbasis ekosistem (ecosystem-based approach to

management – EBM) serta melibatkan pemangku kepentingan yang utama, Proyek SEA bertujuan untuk 1)

Mendukung peningkatan upaya konservasi dan pemanfaatan sumber daya kelautan yang berkelanjutan

melalui perbaikan pengelolaan sumberdaya perikanan dan meningkatkan pengelolaan kawasan konservasi

perairan yang efektif, sehingga dapat memastikan keberlanjutan produktivitas perikanan, ketahanan

pangan, dan mata pencaharian yang berkelanjutan di wilayah target.; dan 2) Mendukung upaya penguatan

kapasitas dan peran kepemimpinan di Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan dan pemerintah setempat

dalam upaya konservasi sumberdaya kelautan dan pengelolaan perikanan yang berkelanjutan. Proyek SEA

dillaksanakan oleh Tetra Tech dan konsorsium mitra yang terdiri dari Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS),

Coral Triangle Center (CTC), dan WWF-Indonesia (WWF) (Table 1). Proyek SEA akan berlangsung dari bulan

Maret 2016 hingga bulan Maret 2021.

Proyek SEA berlandaskan pada pendekatan ekosistem untuk pengelolan perikanan dan sumber daya

kelautan, yang berimplikasi pada integrasi sektor dan mendukung penyusunan rencana dan serta

pelaksanaan kegiatan yang akan terkait dengan upaya konservasi keanekaragaman hayati serta fungsi

ekosistem laut, barang, dan jasa – dari ketahanan pangan hingga mata pencaharian yang menjadi tempat

bergantung manusia. Untuk mencapai visi ini, diperlukan integrasi aspek ekosistem, biofisik, tata kelola,

dam sosial ekonomi. Proyek SEA akan merumuskan informasi awal (baseline) yang konsisten untuk

wilayah proyek, sehingga tindak dan kegiatan dan rencana jangka panjang akan dapat menangani isu dan

ancaman kepada keanekaragaman hayati di wilayah yang menjadi fokus kegiatan. Pendekatan ini akan

menghasilkan model untuk wilayah lain di Indonesia dan perangkat yang sistematis untuk memperbesar

skala implementasi pengelolaan sumber daya kelautan dan pesisir oleh pemerintah kabupaten, provinsi,

dan pusat. Proyek SEA yang didanai USAID ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan produktivitas perikanan,

ketahanan pangan dan nutrisi, serta matapencaharian yang berkelanjutan melalui upaya konservasi habitat

dan spesies penting dalam wilayah target (dalam subset WPPNRI-715). Kegiatan-kegiatan yang dirancang

dalam proyek ini akan meningkatkan ketahanan dan keberlanjutan sumber daya kelautan, habitat, kawasan

konservasi perairan, dan masyarakat pesisir. Hal ini akan dicapai melalui pendekatan yang terintegrasi

dalam upaya konservasi keanekaragaman hayati, pengelolaan perikanan, dan sejalan dengan itu

mengembangkan sistem insentif kepada pemangku kepentingan untuk menyelaraskan perilakunya dengan

pemanfaatan sumber daya yang berkelanjutan.

WILAYAH KERJA

Kegiatan proyek SEA akan dilakukan di tiga tingkat pemerintahan: pemerintah pusat, Wilayah Pengelolaan

Perikanan Nasional Republic of Indonesia (WPPNRI) 715, pemerintah provinsi Papua Barat, Maluku

Utara, dan Maluku, serta pemerintah kabupaten yang menjadi prioritas kegiatan Pemerintah Provinsi

(Gambar 1). Potensi kabupaten yang akan menjadi lokasi kegiatan SEA mencakup Halmahera Selatan,

Halmahera Tengah, dan Morotai di Maluku Utara; Maluku Tengah, Seram Barat, dan Seram Timur di

Maluku; serta Raja Ampat, Bintuni, Fakfak, dan Sorong Selatan, di Provinsi Papua Barat. Lokasi proyek

dipilih berdasarkan tingkat keanekaragaman hayati yang tinggi, statusnya sebagai wilayah prioritas

perikanan, statusnya sebagai provinsi/kabupaten dengan pulau-pulau kecil (kepulauan), tingginya tingkat

kemiskinan, serta kerentanannya terhadap dampak perubahan iklim.

Selain wilayah prioritas yang dijelaskan di muka, SEA akan memberikan dukungan terbatas untuk wilayah

di luar WPPNRI-715 sejalan dengan prioritas yang telah ditetapkan oleh KKP untuk menangani masalah


tangkap lebih (overfishing), penangkapan ikan ilegal dan merusak, serta pembangunan pulau terluar.

Wilayah tersebut mencakup Laut Jawa di wilayah laut provinsi Jawa Tengah dan Kepulauan Natuna di

Laut Cina Selatan dan, kemungkinan, Laut Arafura yang terkait dengan Program Arafura and Timor Seas

Ecosystem Action (ATSEA). Sepanjang kurun waktu proyek (Life of Project) Proyek SEA akan

mengikutsertakan beberapa kepulauan yang berada di luar tetapi berdekatan dengan WPPNRI-715, untuk

mengakomodasi perencanaan dan pembangunan jejaring kawasan konservasi laut di wilayah ini yang

memiliki nilai biodiversity laut yang tinggi, seperti Kepulauan Bands di Provinsi Maluku dan Kepulauan

Banggai di Sulawesi Tengah.

Pertimbangan tambahan dalam pemilihan kegiatan dan lokasi SEA adalah diterbitkannya Undang Undang

No. 23/2014 tentang Pemerintahan daerah, yang mengubah secara fundamental tata kelola sumber daya

kelautan dan perikanan di Indonesia, dan dengan demikian mempengaruhi pendekatan strategis SEA

kepada pengembangan kapasitas serta pelibatan pemerintah daerah provinsi dan kabupaten. Undang-

undang 23/2014 menetapkan bahwa pemerintah kabupaten tidak lagi memiliki wewenang untuk

mengelola atau bertanggung jawab terhadap aspek berikut:

Pengelolaan kelautan, pesisir, dan pulau-pulau kecil

Pengawasan sumber daya kelautan dan perikanan

Pengelolaan dan pemasaran hasil kelautan dan perikanan

Karantina ikan dan pengawasan mutu serta keamanan hasil perikanan

Pengembangan sumber daya manusia

Perubahan kewenangan dalam pengaturan kelembagaan dan kebijakan ini menuntut penyesuaian

pemerintah kabupaten serta menuntut pemerintah provinsi untuk memiliki kepemimpinan dan kapasitas

yang lebih kuat untuk mengelola sumber daya kelautan dan perikanan hingga 12 mil dari batas pantai. Hal

ini didiskusikan secara lebih rindi dalam rencana kerja ini.

Table 2. SEA Implementation Partners

Partner Role

Tetra Tech/Core SEA

Team

Bertanggung jawab atas pengelolaan proyek dan pengendalian teknis secara

menyeluruh

Sebagai kontraktor utama dan bertanggung jawab atas koordinasi dengan

pemerintah, komunikasi, serta kegiatan pengembangan kapasitas secara

menyeluruh.

Bertanggung jawab atas proses monitoring evaluasi, dan pembelajaran (ME&L)

proyek secara menyeluruh

Bertanggung jawab atas tenaga ahli teknis terkait dengan tata kelola perikanan,

dan strategi pengelolalan sumberdaya kelautan lainnya (misalnya mekanime tata

guna ruang laut (traditional dan modern), tata kelola berdasaran pengelolaan

akses, perancangan jejaring kawasan konservasi laut, pengukuran efektivitas

pengelolaan, pengelolaan perikanan berdasarkan aspek pasar, dan yang lainnya)

World Wildlife Fund-

Indonesia

Sebagai pelaksana utama kegiatan pengelolaan pesisir dan laut berbasis

masyarakat proyek SEA

Penyedia tenaga ahli lokal yang bertugas sebagai Koordinator Lokasi di Maluku

dan Papua Barat.

Penyedia bantuan teknis jangka pendek untuk mendukung penguatan kebijakan

dan kerangka kebijakan di tingkat pusat dan daerah; tata kelola dan

pengembangan kawasan konservasi perairan; perencanaan ruang laut; integrasi

EAFM ke dalam rencana pengelolaan perikanan dan kawasan konservasi perairan

daerah; proses pengkinian WPPNRI-715; skema pendanaan berkelanjutan;


Partner Role

pembentukan kemitraan pemerintah dan swasta (PPP), kolaborasi serta

peningkatan kapasitas pemerintah, perguruan tinggi dan LSM.

Wildlife Conservation

Society

Penyedia tenaga ahli lokal yang bertugas sebagai Koordinator Lokasi di Maluku

Utara.

Penyedia tenaga ahli teknis baik jangka pendek mau pun jangka panjang, untuk

mendukung perbaikan pengelolaan perikanan di Maluku Utara. Termasuk di

dalamnya tenaga ahli untuk pengembangan kelembagaan nelayan lokal,

mengurangi perdagangan illegal spesies laut yang hampir punah, terancam, dan

dilindungi, dan membangun kapasitas pemerintah dalam hal penegakan hukum

untuk mengatasi masalah perdagangan satwa liar: pendanaan bagi pengelolaan

kawasan konservasi perarian; pengkajian spasial; dan pemantauan serta kajian

kinerja berdasarkan fakta ilmiah.

Coral Triangle Center

Penyedia konsultan/tenaga ahli jangka panjang dan jangka pendek untuk

mengembangkan dan melaksanakan pelatihan bagi lembaga pemerintah di tingkat

pusat dan daerah dalam topic konservasi sumber daya laut dan perikanan.

Penyedia tenaga ahli lokal di bidang pengembangan jejaring pelatihan dan

pembelajaran (Training and Learning Network), dan di bidang Pengembangan

Kurikulum.

Dukungan kepada perancangan jejaring kawasan konservasi perairan dan

integrasi gender.

HASIL YANG DIHARAPKAN

Proyek SEA memiliki sasaran utama sebagai berikut:

Mendukung penguatan konservasi dan pemanfaatan sumber daya laut yang berkelanjutan dengan

cara mereformasi pengelolaan perikanan dan mempromosikan kawasan konservasi perairan

untuk meningkatkan produktivitas perikanan, ketahanan pangan, dan matapencaharian yang

berkelanjutan di wilayah kerja proyek

Mendukung penguatan peran dan kapasitas di KKP dan pemerintah setempat untuk

mempromosikan upaya konservasi dan perikanan yang berkelanjutan

Secara umum, di akhir tahun ke lima, bantuan teknis USAID melalui SEA akan meningkatkan pengelolaan

dan konservasi keanekaragaman hayati laut di Indonesia melalui peningkatan kapasitas dan penerapan

upaya pengelolaan konservasi sumberdaya laut dan perikanan yang berkelanjutan. Untuk mencapai tujuan

ini, SEA mendukung strategi Konservasi Keanekaragamanhayati USAID (USAID’s Biodiversity Conservation),

Prakarsa Feed the Future, dan Instruksi Presiden (Executive Order) dan Strategi Nasional Pemerintah

Amerika dalam Pemberantasan Perdagangan Ilegal Satwa Liar (National Strategy on Combatting Wildlife

Trafficking).

Hasil yang diharapkan tercapai di akhir proyek mencakup yang berikut ini:

1. Sedikitnya enam juta hektar wilayah laut di dalam WPPNRI target atau sub-WPPNRI berada

dalam kondisi pengelolaan perikanan yang lebih baik sebagai hasil dari bantuan teknis dari

Pemerintah Amerika Serikat, dan diukur melalui indicator EAFM KKP dan nilai index pengelolaan

kawasan konservasi perairan yang efektif (EKKP3K) atau standar lainnya yang diakui di tingkat

nasional dan internasional, di-disagregasi berdasarkan jurisdiksi nasional, provinsi, kabupaten, di

dalam atau di luar wilayah kawasan konservasi perairan


2. Sedikitnya enam kebijakan, undang-undang, peraturan, dan/atau protokol yang mendukung upaya

konservasi laut dan pengelolaan perikanan yang berkelanjutan dikembangkan, dikuatkan,

disebarkan, dan/atau ditegakkan di setiap tingkat pemerintahan

3. Penyebab/ancaman utama dan tekanan terhadap keanekaragaman hayati laut menujukan laju

penurunan di wilayah kerja proyek

Dalam tahun pertama, SEA akan melaksanakan perencanaan dan inisiasi kegiatan besar proyek dengan

partisipasi aktif seluruh mitra pemerintah, non-pemerintah, dan sector swasta. Hasil/luaran yang

diharapkan mencakup:

1. Pengkajian data dasar (baseline) untuk topic social ekonomi, tata kelola, dan aspek biofisik di

wilayah proyek SEA

2. Inisiasi pengembangan lembaga pengelola sumber daya laut WPPNRI-715 di tiga provinsi

3. Pemrograman dan implementasi awal kegiatan di tingkat lapangan dengan pendanaan Feed the

Future (FTF)

4. Pengembangan kemitraan dengan lembaga nasional untuk menetapkan kebutuhan prioritas

terkait dengan pengkajian stok perikanan, sistem data perikanan dan sumber daya laut, dan

pengkajian kebutuhan pengelolaan dan pengembangan kapasitas di tingkat nasional dan lokal

5. Pembentukan kemitraan dengan proyek yang didanai oleh pemerintah dan donor yang relevan,

dengan karakteristik serupa dan memiliki potensi untuk saling melengkapi.

6. Penyusunan Strategi Integrasi Gender

7. Penyusunan Rencana Komunikasi dan Koordinasi Mitra

PENJELASAN DOKUMEN

Rencana kerja tahunan ini dibuat sebagai acuan bagi pihak USAID dan tim SEA dalam pelaksanaan

kegiatan di tahun ke depan dan dalam upaya pemantauan hasilnya. Pemantauan kemajuan berdasar waktu,

pentahapan, dan alokasi sumber daya akan dilakukan secara rutin melalui dokumen Rencana Monitoring,

Evaluasi, dan Pembelajaran dan akan diperbaharui (updated) bila mana diperlukan melalui lapuran triwulan

kepada USAID.

Rencana kerja ini disusun dengan koordinasi dan koordinasi yang erat bersama KKP dan ketiga

pemerintah provinsi yang akan mengawasi tiga lokasi utama proyek SEA. Selain itu, proyek SEA juga

berkoordinasi dan berdiskusi dengan mitra LSM, tim universitas loka, dan beberapa proyek yang bekerja

di bidang konservasi kelautab dan pengelolaan perikanan, dan pihak pihak tersebut berkontribusi kepada

penyusunan rencana kerja ini. Secara khusus, rencana kerja tahunan pertama ini akan berkontribusi

capaian indikator KKP seperti yang dijelaskan dalam dokumen ini.

Dokumen ini disusun berdasarkan lima pendekatan strategis, yang dijelaskan secara rinci dalam badan

dokumen yang diambil dari komponen proyek SEA yang ditetapkan oleh USAID, dan selaras dengan

strategi utama untuk menguatkan pengelolaan sumber daya kelautan dan konservasi di Indonesia. Untuk

setiap pendekatan, theory of change –nya dijelaskan secara rinci dan ditampilan dengan rantai hasil yang

rinci bagi seluruh kurun waktu proyek. Selain itu, ditampilkan pula kegiatan dan luaran yang diantisipasi

untuk tahun pertama. Lampiran dokumen ini mencakup informasi model situasi SEA, Rencana Mitigasi

dan Monitoring Lingkungan (Environmental Mitigation and Monitoring Plan – EMMP), dan informasi staf

proyek, yang akan berguna bagi pengelolaan proyek.


1.0 INTRODUCTION

The Indonesian Sustainable Ecosystems Advanced (SEA) Project is a five-year project that supports the

Government of Indonesia (GOI) to improve the governance of fisheries and marine resources, and to

conserve biological diversity at local, district, provincial, and national levels. By using an ecosystem-based

approach to management (EBM) and engaging key stakeholders, SEA will 1) enhance the conservation

and sustainable use of marine resources by reforming fisheries management and promoting marine

protected areas (MPAs) to enhance fisheries productivity, food and nutrition security, and sustainable

livelihoods within the target area; and 2) strengthen the leadership role and capacity of the Ministry of

Marine Affairs and Fisheries (MMAF) and local governments to promote conservation and sustainable

fishing. SEA is implemented by Tetra Tech and a consortium of partners that includes the Wildlife

Conservation Society (WCS), the Coral Triangle Center (CTC), and World Wildlife Fund-Indonesia

(WWF) (Table 1) and will run from March 2016 through March 2021.

1.1 CONTEXT

Indonesia is at the center of the world’s coastal and marine biodiversity with more than 600 known

coral species and 2,228 (37%) of the world’s (6,000) coral reef fish species. Thus, the sustainable use and

management of coastal and marine biodiversity is not only important for the nation but within a regional

and international context.

Indonesia is the third largest fish producer in the world, behind only China and Peru, and a major trading

partner with the U.S. Furthermore, fisheries products provide 53% of the total animal protein consumed

by Indonesians, which is one of the highest global dependency rates; the annual per capita consumption

of fish is more than 21 kg, well above the world average of 16 kg. The fisheries sector provides direct

employment to six million people and indirect employment to millions more. Women are highly

involved in the sector, often in key local roles in small business management, trading, and processing as

well as, more rarely, fish capture. Indonesia’s high cultural diversity results in women playing different

roles in the fisheries sector in different areas.

Threats to Indonesian coral reefs include overfishing, destructive fishing (e.g., blast fishing, the use of

cyanide for the collection of marine ornamental species, and bottom trawling), and illegal, unregulated,

and unreported (IUU) fishing. These pressures, coupled with unregulated coastal development and land-

based pollution, continue to threaten much of the country’s marine biodiversity.

In addition to these threats, marine ecosystems and the human communities they support are

increasingly stressed by climate change with impacts that include ocean warming (which causes coral

bleaching and associated coral mortality), ocean acidification (which decreases the ability of corals and

other calcareous organisms to develop their skeletons), sea level rise (which results in coastal

inundation and seawater intrusion into coastal aquifers), decreasing ocean productivity (due to increased

thermal stratification and reduced mixing), and increasing storm frequency and intensity.

Improved management of fisheries and coral reef ecosystems can enhance the resiliency of these

resources and, in turn, protect human communities by providing for sustainable livelihoods, food

security, and physical protection from storms and sea level rise. Modern management tools and

approaches, such as EBM, co-management, managed access, MPAs, fishery reserves, and the

conservation of associated critical habitats, can provide some of the most strategic adaptive responses

for coastal communities in the face of climate change.


The USAID SEA Project aims to increase fisheries productivity, food and nutrition security, and

sustainable livelihoods through the conservation of critical habitats and species within the target area (a

subset of WPPNRI-715, hereafter FMA-715) and strategic sites adjacent to FMA-715. SEA activities will

improve the sustainability and resiliency of marine resources, habitats, MPAs, and human coastal

communities through the promotion of an integrated approach to biodiversity conservation and fisheries

management while seeking ways to incentivize stakeholders to align their behavior with sustainable

resource use. This effort builds on the key concepts and lessons learned from the 2009-2015

USAID/Indonesia Marine and Climate Support (IMACS) Program and the 2010-2015 Marine Protected

Area Governance (MPAG) Program. The primary focus areas of SEA efforts are site-based activities at

community, district, and provincial scales, but efforts will also continue to strengthen the leadership role

and capacity of MMAF and GOI’s commitment to the promotion of sustainable fishing and effective MPA

management nationwide.

In contrast to past administrations, GOI and MMAF are currently advancing an agenda of sovereignty

and prosperity that emphasizes sustainability as a critical element of development. Their guidance builds

on the shift by the GOI over the last two decades from an emphasis on isolated large marine national

parks to larger numbers of MPAs of different sizes with greater connectivity. Additionally, there is a

focus on improving law enforcement capacity to balance species and ecosystem conservation as a

foundation for sustainable fisheries throughout Indonesia. Due to the global impact on climate and the

critical state of marine resources, Indonesia has also attracted considerable investment from U.S.-based

foundations supporting marine biodiversity conservation and an ecosystem approach to fisheries

management (EAFM).

1.2 GEOGRAPHIC FOCUS

SEA activities are targeted at three levels of governance in eastern Indonesia: the national level, FMA-

715 (both national and provincial), and the provincial level (West Papua, North Maluku, and Maluku)

within one of Indonesia’s 11 Fisheries Management Areas (FMAs) (Figure 1). Potential districts where a

portion of the SEA activities will be located include Ternate, Tidore, South Halmahera, Central

Halmahera, and Morotai in North Maluku Province (Figure 1a); West Seram, Central Maluku, and East

Seram in Maluku Province (Figure 1b); and Raja Ampat, Sorong, South Sorong, Fak Fak, and Bintuni in

West Papua Province (Figure 1c). The project sites were selected on the basis of the area’s high marine

biodiversity, status as a national priority area for fisheries, the presence of small island

provinces/districts, high rates of extreme poverty, and high vulnerability to climate change.

In addition to the priority geographies in FMA-715 noted above, SEA will provide limited assistance to

selected areas outside of FMA-715 in line with priorities set by MMAF to address overfishing and illegal

and destructive fishing as well as small island development (Table 2). These areas include the Java Sea in

Central Java Province, the Natuna Islands in the South China Sea, and, possibly, the Arafura Sea in

conjunction with the ongoing Arafura and Timor Seas Ecosystem Action (ATSEA) Program. The SEA

Project will also include several island groups outside of but adjacent to FMA-715 to accommodate the

planning and development of an MPA network across this portion of Indonesia, which contains several

island groups of high marine value such as the Banda Islands in Maluku and the Banggai Islands in Central

Sulawesi.


Table 2. First-year SEA activities related to areas outside of FMA-715

Activities Detailed Explanation

Support MMAF to develop policy

paper on priority Norms,

Standards, Procedures and

Criteria (NSPK) of Law No.

23/2014 that will urgently

needed in SEA Project sites

Involve representatives from Central Java Province (representative from the Java

Sea), Riau Islands and Natuna Province, and Papua Province (which is

responsible for the management of the Arafura Waters) in the policy dialogue to

develop NSPK of Law No. 23/2014 to develop policy capacity to implement

effective fisheries and marine management

Institutionalize training and

capacity building (based on TNA

results) at the MMAF Training

Center (Ambon, Bitung and

Tegal):

a. Identify widyaiswara,

practitioners, and

academics as trainers of

trainers (ToT) participants

b. Deliver ToT and assess and

monitor trainer

competency

c. Establish mechanism for

training implementation

(training delivery and pool

of trainers)

Involve MMAF Training Institute in Tegal as the Training Center that manages

the capacity building activities in the area of the Java Sea and FMA-712 to

replicate effective training mechanism to build capacity in FMA-715 provinces

and districts

Training of Port State Measure

(PSM) inspector in collaboration

with NOAA

Involve surveillance officers and port officers from Natuna, Port of Nizam

Zachman (which is responsible for the PSM designated port at the Java Sea)

and Jayapura (which is responsible for inspecting the Arafura Waters) in the

PSM inspector training to strengthen the MMAF training mechanisms

Executive workshop or training

on aligning marine and fisheries

policies with local government

programs and budgets

Engage executives from Central Java Province (representative of the Java Sea),

Riau Islands and Natuna Province, and Papua Province (who is responsible for

managing the Arafura Waters) in the executive workshop or training by the CTI-

CFF Local Government Network

The SEA Project has consulted with the three provincial governments where most activities will occur

together with other local stakeholders and the primary SEA subcontractors (WWF, WCS and CTC)

(Table 1) to help determine the focus geographies (Figure 1) for assistance with EAFM and MPA

planning, design, and implementation. Each province has priority sites where MPAs either need to be

developed through baseline assessment and planning or where increased management effectiveness is

needed (Figure 1, Appendix 1). This will be addressed through field-level assessment and by capacity

building through targeted learning activities. In addition, SEA will engage in a broader MPA network

design process across the whole of FMA-715 to ensure that a truly resilient network of MPAs is planned

that can augment the existing MPA sites within and adjacent to FMA-715. The SEA Project will also

provide strategic support to the CTI-CFF National Coordinating Committee and the National MPA

Technical Working Group, particularly in cases when the work of these organizations includes activities

in the SEA provinces or FMA-715.

An additional consideration for SEA is the enactment of Indonesian Law No. 23/2014 on Local

Government, which has fundamentally changed the governance of marine and fisheries affairs in


Indonesia and will thus influence the SEA strategic approachs (SAs) to local government capacity building

and engagement. Law 23 stipulates that the district governments will no longer have authority to manage

or be responsible for the following public affairs:

Marine, coastal, and small islands management

Marine and fisheries resource surveillance

Marine and fisheries product management and marketing

Fish quarantine and the quality control and safety of fisheries products

Human resources development.

Under the new law, a district government only has the authority to:

1) Empower the fisher community, especially small-scale fishers who live in the district

administrative area

2) Manage the location of fish auctions (or Tempat Pelelangan Ikan (TPI))

3) Issue business licenses to aquaculture businesses that only operate in the district.

This change in authority requires that district governments adjust to this new institutional and policy

arrangement for managing marine and fisheries resources and that they look to the provincial

government for stronger leadership and capacity to manage marine and fisheries affairs up to 12 nautical

miles offshore. In the context of this legal change for district governments, the SEA Project will need to:

Assist MMAF to develop and provide clear policies and guidance to the provincial governments

to manage the marine areas and their resources that were previously under district jurisdiction

Build capacity for marine spatial planning (MSP), fisheries management, MPAs, and law

enforcement at the provincial level in coordination with district-level implementation

Strengthen the capacity of provincial governments to manage their broader authority and to

develop stronger collaboration with all of the marine and fisheries stakeholders, especially those

in the district areas

Encourage the provincial and district governments to collaborate on work that was previously

only performed by the district government.


Figure 1. SEA Target Provinces


Figure 1a. SEA Project Sites in North Maluku Province


Figure 1b. SEA Project Sites in Maluku Province


Figure 1c. SEA Project Sites in West Papua Province


2.0 SEA SITUATION MODEL

In following USAID’s emphasis on sound project design through evidence-based programming, clear

cause-and-effect linkages, and improved monitoring for adaptive management and impact assessment,

the Indonesia Mission adopted a special approach to the design of the SEA Project known as the Best

Practices and Implementation of the USAID Program Cycle. This approach is roughly based on the Open

Standards for the Practice of Conservation, which is the result of the agency’s work with the

conservation community over the last few decades and is an integral part and a requirement of the

Biodiversity Policy.

As the first step in the design process, USAID developed an overall SEA Project situation model

(Appendix 2) that identifies the intended ecosystem and human well-being focal interests and associated

pressures, drivers, and illustrative interventions. In general, the biodiversity focal interests of SEA include

the following:

Coral reef ecosystems and fish

Coastal marine endangered, threatened, and protected (ETP) species

Seagrass beds

Mangrove forests and estuaries

Small pelagic fish species

Highly migratory fish species.

All of these focal interests provide ecosystem services that promote human well-being. However, they

are threatened by overfishing, destructive fishing, and habitat conversion and degradation. This model is

the basis for the project components detailed in the statement of work (SOW) as well as all of the SEA

Project SAs and activities designed to address these components and the expected results described

below.

3.0 SEA THEORY OF CHANGE

The second step in the design process for each of the SEA Project’s SAs was the development of

theories of change (TOCs) (i.e., development hypotheses) that describe the assumptions underlying how

the proposed SEA activities will lead to a series of intermediate outcomes that will ultimately reduce

critical pressures and result in the conservation of the priority focal interests in the situation model.

3.1 NATIONAL MEETINGS

Participatory workshops with key partners were held in Jakarta from May 9-20, 2016 to develop and

refine the biodiversity focal interests (habitats and species) in the SEA Project area targeted for

conservation and the TOCs and their results chains for addressing the direct threats. Results chains are

the diagrams that depict the assumed causal linkages between an SA and its desired impacts through a

series of expected intermediate results (IRs) and inputs (activities). Both this work plan and the

Monitoring, Evaluation, and Learning (ME&L) Plan are directly tied to these results chains. During the

initial planning stage, most of the required baseline information was provided by the collective expertise

of Tetra Tech’s core team, its subcontractors, and USAID.

The SEA Core Team and USAID also met with different technical divisions of MMAF including the

Directorate General (DG) of Capture Fisheries, the DG of Marine Spatial Planning, and the Center for

Data and Information to discuss the MMAF priorities for each DG or technical division.


Based on the above discussions, the priorities (no order implied) include:

Establishing and developing the capacity of the 715 Fisheries Management Committee (715 FMC)

Contributing to MMAF’s One (Satu) Data Initiative for marine resources and fisheries

Improving the effectiveness of combating IUU fishing, the Unreported and Unregulated

component in particular

Improving the effectiveness of fisheries management including traceability, fishing vessel

registration, and the supply chain, especially at the provincial and district levels

Improving marine resources and fisheries data collection and analysis systems

Expanding the total area of MPAs in Maluku, North Maluku, and West Papua by one million

hectares

Strengthening the existing MPA network in FMA-715 and the SEA Provinces through a refined

design and increased management effectiveness

Contributing to the completion and adoption of provincial-level MSPs as the basis for coastal

and marine spatial permitting in the three SEA provinces

Implementing the Port State Measure (PSM) Agreement by the GOI

Assessing overfishing in the Java Sea

Contributing to the elimination of IUU Fishing, especially in the Natuna and Arafura Seas

Providing technical support for the integrated economic development and sustainable resource management of the outermost islands of Indonesia.

The list of activities related to these national priorities is presented in Table 3. Table 3. Potential SEA National-level Priority Activities for the First 18 Months

Potential Activities Activities related to SEA Strategic Approach

715 Fisheries

Management

Committee

Support the initiation of the 718 Fisheries Management Committee

(FMC) as the model for the establishment of the 715 FMC in the

second year of SEA

One Data Initiative Support and provide technical assistance to MMAF’s One Data

Initiative as it develops its institutional and operational framework

Contribute fisheries and MPA baseline data from the SEA target

provinces and sites to the One Data Initiative

Baseline In project locations (West Papua, Maluku, North Maluku), collect key

indicators to track the status of:

Socio-economics

Fisheries

Biodiversity

Regulations and policies

Institutional

Strengthening Support the establishment of technical working groups at the

national and provincial level that are related to the technical

arrangement between the GOI and USAID

Support the establishment and strengthening of the 715 FMC

Conduct assessment of institutions and regulations for the

enrichment of fisheries traceability methodology at the local level


Potential Activities Activities related to SEA Strategic Approach

Policy Development Support the implementation of Law No. 23/2014

Perform a Regulatory Impact Assessment

Support and technical assistance for finalizing various policies

related to sustainable fisheries management and management

effectiveness of marine protected areas

Support technical assistance for the achievement of RZWP3K

in the target SEA provinces

Capacity Building Conduct competency and training needs assessments as required

under each strategic approach

Conduct PSM training and initial steps for standardizing the PSM

curriculum

3.2 PROVINCIAL MEETINGS

Three provincial consultation meetings were held in Ambon, Maluku Province; Ternate, North Maluku

Province; and Manokwari, West Papua Province, the goals of which were to identify the priority

activities for the first 18 months of the project based on the province-specific conditions. The meetings

were designed so that the stakeholders could have interactive, facilitated discussions focused on

gathering information on the biodiversity focal interests, the direct and indirect threats, and ongoing

activities and/or policy priorities for the national and provincial governments that will lead to threat

reduction, particularly those that can be implemented in the first 18 months of the project. The

identified activities were organized based on SA 2: EAFM, MPAs, MSP, and Law Enforcement and then

referred back to the target priorities of the MMAF as stated above (Table 4).

The first meeting was held in Ambon, Maluku Province on May 10, 2016; a follow-up meeting with the

technical department of the Maluku provincial government, the Provincial Government Development

Planning Board (Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Daerah – BAPPEDA), and the Office for Marine

Affairs and Fisheries (Dinas Kelautan dan Perikanan – DKP) was held on June 13, 2016. The second

consultation took place in Ternate, North Maluku Province on June 9 and 10, 2016, and the third was in

Manokwari, West Papua Province from June 23-24, 2016. The meeting participants included all

stakeholders in marine resources and fisheries management, such as representatives from universities,

local governments, and the technical implementation units of the central governments as well as fisher

groups and NGOs.

Of the biodiversity focal interests identified in the situation model (Appendix 2), the following

biodiversity focal interests were prioritized during the Maluku meeting:

Coral reef ecosystems, including the reef fishes (snapper and grouper)

Mangroves

Seagrass beds

Estuaries

Pelagic and migratory species (e.g., albacore tuna).

The priority threats identified include:

Overfishing and destructive fishing for coral reef fish and small and large pelagic species

Unsustainable coastal and upstream development (resulting in marine pollution)

Wildlife crime involving ETP species


IUU fishing due to weak law enforcement.

The second meeting in Ambon resulted in a list of potential activities for the first 18 months of the SEA

Project (Table 4).

During the North Maluku meeting, the following biodiversity focal interests were prioritized:

Coral reefs, including the reef fishes

Pelagic species

Mangroves

with priority threats including:

Destructive fishing and coral mining for the coral reef ecosystem

Overfishing, in-migrating fishermen, fish agregating devices (FADs), and the availability of bait fish

for pelagic and migrating species

Unsustainable development of mangrove ecosystems.

As with the Ambon meeting, the Ternate meeting resulted in the list of potential activities for the first

18 months of the project (Table 4).

Finally, the biodiversity focal interests resulting from the West Papua meeting include:

Coral reef ecosystem and reef fish

Mangroves

Pelagic species

Endangered, threatened, and protected, and migrating species.

The priority threats identified include:

Destructive fishing, coral and sand mining, and unsustainable tourism in coral reef ecosystems

Reclamation, conversion for aquaculture expansion, and harvest of construction materials in

mangrove ecosystems

Overfishing for anchovies as bait, bycatch, IUU fishing

Bycatch; obstruction of whale, turtle, and other ETP species migration routes by shipping lanes,

and pollution (including domestic and shipping wastes).

The potential activities for the first 18 months are also presented in Table 4.


Table 4. SEA Target Districts and Results of the Provincial Consultations

Geography Threats to Biodiversity Focal Interests Priority First-Year Activities

Maluku Province

Province-wide

Provincial waters

Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries Management

Overfishing and Destructive Fishing

Over-exploited species: shrimp, big-eye tuna

Fully exploited species: snapper, grouper, flying fish, D.

kuoides, albacore tuna

Insufficient information on the value and status of coral

reefs, seagrass beds, and estuaries

Declining populations or insufficient data for large and

small pelagics and migratory species

Increasing intensification of fishing

Ghost nets

Unregulated FADs

Lack of Data

Lack of data on marine resources and their status

Habitat Destruction

Unsustainable development inland and waste

Anchor damage to coral reefs

Coral and sand mining in certain areas


Evaluate the need for improved compliance with logbook

vessel registration and monitoring systems

Identify opportunities and needs for the establishment of a

traceability system

Reinforce fisheries management bodies

Assess opportunities and strategies for the development of

alternative livelihoods

Assess opportunities and needs for improved fish quality

and added value

Lack of Data

Evaluate: (1) the current roles of provincial and district

fishery agencies in data collection; (2) data collection

methodology, management, and dissemination systems.

Develop baseline for the status of marine resources

Province-wide MPA network

development

East Seram, North Seram,

West Seram

Marine Protected Areas (bold type indicates SEA foci)

Nine existing MPAs (and district):

Southeast Maluku

Seram Bagian Timur (Koon and Neiden Islands)

Pulau Baeer (Kota Tual)

Pulau Kassa (Central Maluku)

Pulau Marsegu (Central Maluku)

Pulau Pombo (Central Maluku)

Banda Islands (Central Maluku)

Aru Tenggara Islands

Maluku Tengagaa Barat

Lack of Capacity and Coordination

Survey and identification of potential new conservation

areas

- MPAs needed:

Bula (Seram Bagian Timur)

Pantai Ora-Sawi-Teluk Saleman (Central

Maluku)

Teluk Valentine and Buano Island (Seram

Bagian Barat)

Develop village regulations in North Seram

Reinforce traditional institutions

Increase MPA planning capacity and capacity of fisheries

counselors

Develop network between management agencies

Implement monitoring and evaluation using E-KKP3K



Manage focal interests using Sasi

Province-wide

Cluster of Islands 1(Buru and

South Buru Districts), 2 (West

Seram), 3 (Central Maluku), and

4 (East Seram)

Marine Spatial Planning

Habitat Destruction

Unsustainable coastal development

Pollution from unsustainable inland development


Review fisheries and biodiversity conservation within the

RZWP3K based on Clusters of Islands (“Gugus Pulau”)

Finalize RZWP3K for the clusters of islands that need

support in achieving targets

Legalize RZWP3K at the provincial level

Socialize local RZWP3K regulations at the provincial level

Provide training for MSP

Provincial level Law Enforcement

Lack of Capacity and Compliance

Illegal, unregulated, and unreported (IUU) fishing; weak

law enforcement; rampant shark fishing and finning

Destructive fishing

Wildlife crime involving ETP species

Capacity Building, Awareness, and Communication

Develop communication and outreach programs

Develop incentive system for community-based monitoring

(SISMASWAS)

North Maluku Province

South Halmahera

Central Halmahera



IUU fishing by international fishers that is beyond the

control of local law enforcement

Large pelagic species targeted by international IUU

fishing boats, overexploited demersal fisheries, grouper

exported to Asia

Destructive fishing, coral reef harvesting, and land

reclamation

Sustainability of Fishing Gears

Eastern tropical Pacific bycatch from longline, purse

seine, and gillnet fishing

Fish Aggregating Devices (FADs)

Lack of Data

Poor data collection on status of marine resources

Poor small vessel registration


Assess status of pelagic fish and identify data gaps

Evaluate the need for improved compliance with logbook

vessel registration and monitoring systems

Identify opportunities and needs for the establishment of a

traceability system

Assess status of bait fish availability

Sustainability of Fishing Gears

Identification and socialization of environmentally friendly

gears

Needs assessment for improved FAD management

Lack of Data

Evaluate: (1) the current roles of provincial and district

fishery agencies in data collection; (2) data collection

methodology, management, and dissemination systems.

Develop baseline for the status of marine resources



Marine Protected Areas1(bold type indicates SEA foci

Six existing MPAs (and district):

Halmahera Selatan District

Gugusan Pulau Widi (Halmahera Selatan)

Kepulauan Guraici & Sekitarnya (Kayoa)

Halmahera Tengah

Tidore Kepulauan (Pulau Mare)

P. Roa (Morotai)


Habitat Destruction

No functional MPA network protecting critical marine

habitats/ecosystem services

Survey and identification of potential new conservation

areas

- P. Lifmatola (Halmahera Selatan)

- P. Wayabula, P. Mitita (Morotai)

- Encourage zonation of at Rao Island, Widi Island, and

Mare Island

- Establish management agencies

Capacity Building and Training

Socialization and education on important species

Increase capacity for MPA management training

Habitat Destruction

Rehabilitation of mangrove and coral ecosystems



Lack of data and capacity for MSP

Habitat Destruction

Mining and marine resource exploitation


Revise local zonation regulations

Socialization of MSP

Develop monitoring and evaluation system

Law Enforcement

Lack of Capacity and Compliance

Lack of socialization of regulations and involvement with

law enforcement at the local level

No provincial fisheries laws to complement existing

Awareness and Communication

Develop communication and outreach programs

Develop incentive system for community-based

monitoring

1 Some of the target MPA locations are situated outside of the provinces or outside FMA-715 due to the reality that portions of the provinces

where SEA will work are not within the boundaries of the FMA and because the provinces prioritized these MPAs for planning, design, and

implementation prior to the SEA project. An additional strong justification for working with a few selected MPAs outside of FMA-715 is that the

development of a resilient and ultimately effective MPA network requires inclusion of the most biodiverse sites, which will affect the ability of

the MPA network to support the recruitment of marine life through connectivity. Thus, certain key sites should be part of the design of the

network and be targeted for assistance to build the resilience of the FMA-715-focused network. The criteria for inclusion will be based on the

relevance to connectivity and marine life recruitment as well as some considerations related to governance.



national laws

Lack of joint provincial rules for fishing methods and

products

Lack of formulation of customary laws

Weak SISMASWAS (community-based monitoring

system)

Need for more collaborative law enforcement

Need to improve administrative efficiency

Reinforcement of Regulations and Policies

Initiate joint regulations

Provide regulatory recommendations

Initiate formulation of customary laws


Formulate and provide training on standard operating

procedures for monitoring and reporting

Provide training on fisheries and the environment

Assessment of harvest administration

West Papua Province

Provincial waters

Raja Ampat, Sorong, Bintuni,

Kaimana, Fak Fak,



Destructive fishing of reef fisheries

Overfishing of anchovies as bait and for human

consumption

Bycatch of fisheries of species with high economic value

(tuna and shrimp)

IUU fishing and overfishing of pelagics (by vessels

between 5GT and 30 GT)

Bycatch related to bait fishery

Disruption of ETP migration by transportation routes

Lack of data

Habitat Destruction

Mangrove conversion related to local development and

aquaculture

Mangrove deforestation

Pollution and domestic waste


Study of the supply chain of materials for used for

destructive fishing

Draft recommendations for the disruption of the supply

chain for materials used for destructive fishing

Practical species identification and catch recording training

for extension officers and port authority staff, among

others

Study of the supply chain for catch from destructive fishing

Initiate stock assessment of important fish species in area

Awareness campaign to stop destructive fishing

Study of the ecological and utilization (for bait and human

consumption) aspects of anchovy fisheries

Development of bait fisheries management

Establishment of West Papua Province Bait Fisheries

Committee to improve management

Identification of in-migrating fishermen and their fishing

grounds

Facilitate collaborations between the two provincial

governments of West Papua and Maluku

Identification of tuna fisheries bycatch

Mapping of fish aggregation devices (FAD)

Development of system for FAD registration

Study and awareness raising of sustainable gear



Marine Protected Areas (bold type indicates SEA foci)

15 existing MPAs (and district):

Kepulauan Padaido (Biak Numfor)

Pulau Sabuda and Pulau Tataruga (Fak Fak)

Kaimana

Teluk Cenderawasih (Manokwari & Nabire)

Kawe/Kepulauan Wayag, Sayang (Raja Ampat)

Kepulaun Ayau-Asia (Raja Ampat)

Kepulauan Kofiau and Boo (Raja Ampat)

Kepulauan Raja Ampat (Raja Ampat)

Misool Timur Selatan (Raja Ampat)

Selat Dampier (Raja Ampat)

Teluk Mayalibit (Raja Ampat)

Teluk Sansapor (Sorong)

Sorong District

Abun/Jamursba Medi (Tambrauw)

Pantain Jamurba Medi (Tambrauw)


Lack of Data

Destructive fishing, and unsustainable tourism in coral

reef ecosystems

Bycatch, obstruction of whale, turtle, and other ETP

species migration routes by shipping lanes, and pollution

(including domestic and shipping wastes)


Habitat Destruction

Reclamation, conversion for aquaculture expansion, and

harvest of construction materials in mangrove

ecosystems

Survey and initiate the establishment of MPAs in Bintuni,

Fak Fak, and South Sorong

Develop MPA network in Raja Ampat, Fak Fak, Bintuni,

South Sorong, Kamana


Conduct baseline data collections for monitoring

Reef fish

Turtles

Whales and dolphins

Study of carrying capacity for sustainable tourism

Evaluate management effectiveness based on EKKP3K

Initiate study on strengthening of Sasi


Capacity building related to conservation and MPAs to

extension officers

MPA boundary marking

Initiate stakeholder mapping in West Papua for

conservation





Lack of data and capacity for MSP

Establish Technical Working Group for RZPW3K in West

Papua Province

Develop detailed zoning plan (including traditional coastal

management) and Coastal Zone and Small Islands

Management Plan in West Papua.

Socialize local regulations and management plan

Enforce the implementation of local regulations and

governor’s regulation on the West Papua MSP

Monitor and evaluate the implementation of licensing in

the coastal zone and small islands in West Papua

Law Enforcement

Weak POKMASWAS (community-based surveillance)

Lack of socialization of regulations and involvement with

law enforcement at the local level

Lack of formulation of customary laws

Need for more collaborative law enforcement

Need to improve administrative efficiency

Lack of data

Training and strengthening of POKMASWAS

Strengthen the surveillance system of marine resources,

small islands, and fisheries

Socialize and increase capacity of law enforcement actors

Evaluate system of licensing fishing vessels in FMA-715

Strengthen the institutional system and capacity to address

FAD licensing issues

Socialize status of MPAs in West Papua

Identify and analyze local and traditional wisdom to support

compliance

Establish forensic lab for fisheries (including human

resources and infrastructure in Sorong

Adoption of sustainable marine tourism code of conduct at

the provincial level


4.0 SEA PROJECT DESIGN

4.1 OVERALL STRATEGY

The overall goal of SEA is that, at the end of five years, USAID assistance will have improved the

conservation and management of Indonesia’s marine biodiversity through increased capacity and the

practical application of marine conservation and sustainable fisheries management. The overall SEA

strategy aims to address this goal in the most efficient and effective way possible based on the context

and specific needs of selected sites in Indonesia and to build off the results of other successful projects.

In pursuit of this goal, SEA supports both USAID’s Biodiversity Conservation earmark and the Executive

Order and National Strategy on Combatting Wildlife Trafficking.

The USAID SOW for the project identified six interrelated components and a total of 14 tasks that,

when implemented in an integrated way, will lead to the achievement of the project goals. During the

national participatory workshops, the SEA design team developed five SAs that align well with key

strategies to improve marine resources management and conservation in Indonesia, while encompassing

the required project components and tasks. The selection of the five SAs is based on the immediate

technical needs for fisheries management, MPAs, MSP, and law enforcement, all of which are grouped

under SA 2. The remaining SAs and a set of cross-cutting tasks support the objectives of SA 2 through

capacity building and demand creation for EAFM. The alignment of these SAs with the SEA components

and tasks is summarized in Table 5, and the SAs and their associated first-year activities are described in

detail below.

Table 5. Alignment of SEA Strategic Approaches with Project Components and Tasks

SEA Strategic Approach Alignment with Request for Proposal Components and Tasks

included in SEA Statement of Work

1. Create demand through

awareness raising and

advocacy.

Component 1: Create demand for marine conservation and

sustainable fisheries management.

Task 1. Change behaviors to increase demand for conservation and

management.

Task 2. Facilitate and support building coalitions and champions.

Objective: Improve the knowledge, skills, attitudes, and behaviors of key

stakeholders, including women, the public at-large, and government

officials to effectively support biodiversity conservation and the

sustainable use of marine resources.




2. Improve ecosystem

management of FMA-715 and

MPAs.

- Technical Approach (TA) 1.

Ecosystem approach to

fisheries management (EAFM)

- TA 2. Marine protected area

(MPA) management

- TA 3. Inputs to marine spatial

planning (MSP)

- TA 4. Law enforcement

Component 2: Demonstrate effective marine conservation and


Task 3. Implement effective fisheries and marine ecosystem management

in the target area.

Relevant for TAs 1, 2, 3, and 4

Task 4. Provide assistance to MMAF and key stakeholders on the

development and implementation of an action plan to improve the

national fisheries statistics and stock assessment system. Relevant for TA

1 only.

Task 5. Develop financing mechanisms to sustain efforts. Relevant for

TAs 1, 2, and 3.

Objective: Assist the GOI and key stakeholders to design, implement,

monitor, evaluate, and report on the progress of an effective marine

resource governance strategy for the target area that is consistent with

GOI policy and law, and that provides a model of specificity and process

that can be replicated in support of effective fisheries management plans

(FMPs) elsewhere in the country. The SEA Project must support activities

including, but not limited to FMPs, MPAs, and MSP.

3. Increase incentives for

marine stewardship.

(This will compliment SEA SA 2 and

SEA SA 4.)

Component 3: Engage partners in support of marine

conservation and sustainable fisheries.

Task 7. Engage partners and leverage resources to achieve conservation,

management, and market reform objectives.

Task 8. Increase the ancillary benefits available to stakeholders to

enhance their participation and commitment to stewardship within the

target area.

Objective: Engage private sector, civil society, and university partners in

efforts to achieve biodiversity conservation and sustainable use of marine

resources and develop incentives and facilitate the delivery of co-benefits

(economic and social) to key stakeholders to ensure their long-term

support and commitment.

4. Advance the development of

marine and fisheries policies

and regulations.

Component 2: Demonstrate effective marine conservation and


Task 6. Facilitate dialogue on further policy and regulatory needs for the

marine and fisheries sector.

Objective: See above.




5. Institutionalize training and

capacity building for fisheries

management and marine

conservation.

Component 4: Build capacity, extension services, and utilize

science and technology.

Task 10. Design and implement training on conservation, MPAs, and

fisheries management, and strengthen the capacity of marine extension

programs.

Task 13. Build the capacity of stakeholders to assess performance and

become a “learning community.”

Objective: Institutionalize an improved and expanded system of

training, fisheries and MPA management, and extension services at the

district, provincial, and national levels of government and in university

systems, as appropriate, that maximizes the use of science,

technology, and innovation to support sound decision-making and

efficient replication of best management approaches.

Management components and

cross-cutting tasks

Component 3: Engage partners in support of marine

conservation and sustainable fisheries.

Task 9. Develop and implement Feed the Future (FTF) intervention and

mechanism to improve fisheries productivity.


Component 4: Build capacity, extension services, and utilize

science and technology.

Task 11. Augment Project results through the use of Science,

Technology, and Innovation.


Component 5: Understand and monitor the changing context

to inform strategic intervention.

Task 12: Undertake baseline assessments to develop a contextual

understanding of the target area.

Objective: Understand and map the starting context in the target area,

develop a baseline and metrics, and build the capacity of stakeholders

to track the relevant parameters of effective FMP and MPA

management, including the most relevant socio-economic indicators,

and prepare a "State of the Sea" methodology and report that is

institutionalized for use by current and future leaders and citizens.




Component 6: Ensure effective project administration,

coordination, communication and adaptive management.

Task 14: Coordinate and communicate with other USAID programs, GOI

programs, and other donor programs.

Objective: Provide the administrative and coordination support necessary

to plan, facilitate, achieve, and report on progress, challenges, and results,

while bringing synergy and leveraged resources to SEA through the

efforts of others.

4.2 LINKAGES TO THE USAID COUNTRY DEVELOPMENT AND

COOPERATION STRATEGY AND GOI PRIORITIES

As summarized in Table 6, SEA contributes to three Development Objectives (DOs) of the

USAID/Indonesia Country Development and Cooperation Strategy (CDCS), principally to DO3 but also

to DO1 and DO4.

Table 6. Country Development and Cooperation Strategy Linkages to the SEA Project

DO3 Global Development Priorities of Mutual Interest Advanced

IR 3.2 Marine and Terrestrial Biodiversity Conserved

Sub IR 3.2.1 Sustainable Economic and Value Advanced

Sub IR 3.2.2 Threats to Biodiversity Reduced

Sub IR 3.2.3 Engagement in Key Conservation Dialogue Strengthened

IR 3.3 Climate Change Mitigation and Resilience to Support a Green Economy Strengthened

Sub IR 3.3.3 Adaptation and Risk Management Increased

Sub IR 3.3.4 Engagement in Key Climate Change and Resilience Dialogues Strengthened

DOI Democratic Governance Strengthened

IR 1.1 Community of Accountability Strengthened

IR 1.4 Sustainable Development in Targeted Districts in Eastern Indonesia Enhanced

DO4 Collaborative Achievement in Science, Technology Increased

IR 4.1 Academic Capacity and Scientific Research Strengthened

Sub IR 4.1.2 Domestic and Global Knowledge Exchange Strengthened

IR 4.2 Evidence-Based Decision Making Enhanced

Sub IR 4.2.1 Mechanism for Influence of Data Analysis on Policy and Program Enhanced

Sub IR 4.2.2 Analytical Capacity Improved

Sub IR 4.2.1 Advocacy and Demand for Data Collection and Analysis Strengthened

IR 4.3 Innovative Approaches to Development Utilized

Sub IR 4.3.1 Proven Technology Demonstrated and Adopted

Sub IR 4.3.2 Private Sector Initiatives Increased

Additionally, SEA will potentially contribute to at least five Key Performance Indicators (KPI) outlined in

MMAF’s Ministerial Regulation No. 25/2015 and Ministerial Regulation No. 45/2015 on Strategic Planning

2015 – 2019.


KPI No. 1: The Marine and Fisheries Community Welfare Index. The SEA Project will

potentially contribute by strengthening Capture Fisheries Community Groups, Surveillance

Community Groups, Local/Traditional Customary Laws, and fisheries extension services.

KPI No. 3: Compliance of Fisheries Businesses to Fisheries Laws and Regulations. SEA Project

activities will potentially be relevant to five of the nine sub-indicators under this KPI, especially

interventions to improve:

- Compliance of Fishing Vessels to the Fishing Vessel Monitoring System

- Compliance of the Partnership between Fish Processing Units and Fish Catch Units to

the Law and Regulations

- Compliance of Fish Product Processing Units to the Law and Regulations

- Compliance of Fish Processing Business to fish import regulations

- Compliance of coastal and small island management to the Law and regulations.

KPI No. 5: The Effective Management Value of Marine Areas and Sustainable Fisheries. The SEA

Project will potentially contribute to all of the sub-indicators under this KPI.

- Increase the number of FMAs implementing Fisheries Management Plans (FMPs)

- Increase the number of hectares of protected areas with effective management

- Increase the number of hectares of recovered coastal ecosystems

- Increase the number of hectares of FMAs whose marine and fisheries resources are

mapped

- Increase the number of hectares under MPAs.

KPI No. 12: The Government Policy Effectiveness Index. The SEA Project will potentially

support MMAF to develop more participatory marine and fisheries policies

KPI No. 13: The Governance Effectiveness of Sustainable, Fair, and Competitive Marine and

Fisheries Resources Utilization. The SEA Project potentially contributes to this KPI by:

- Supporting the Research and Development Agency to propose innovative policy

recommendations

- Supporting MMAF to increase the number of implemented resolutions by the Regional

Fisheries Management Organizations (RFMO) and Conservation and Management

Measures (CMMs)

- Supporting MMAF to increase the number of marine areas, coastal areas with zoning

and/or master plans, and business plans legalized by regulations.


4.3 KEY RESULTS

The objectives of the SEA Project are to:

Support enhanced conservation and sustainable use of marine resources by reforming fisheries

management and promoting marine protected areas to enhance fisheries productivity, food

security, and sustainable livelihoods within the target areas

Support the strengthening of the leadership role and capacity of the MMAF and local

governments to promote conservation and sustainable fishing.

The high-level results that must be achieved by the completion of the project are as follows:

1. At least six million hectares in the target FMA or sub-FMA under improved fisheries

management as a result of USG assistance, measured through the MMAF EAFM and MPA

Effectiveness Index scores or other approved national or international standards, disaggregated

by national, provincial, and district jurisdiction and by whether within or outside MPAs

2. At least six policies, laws, regulations, and/or operational protocols in support of marine

conservation and sustainable fisheries management created, strengthened, promulgated, and/or

enforced at all levels

3. Key drivers and highest-rated pressures to marine biodiversity show a declining trend in the

target areas.

In this first year of the project, SEA will undertake the planning and initiation of all major project

activities with the active participation of all partners from the government, non-government, and private

sectors. The major anticipated outputs are:

1. Baseline reviews and analysis of the socio-economic, governance, and bio-physical contexts of

the SEA Project areas

2. Initiation of the FMA-715 Fisheries Management Committee (FMC) across the three provinces

3. Full operation of all subcontractors with field operations in all SEA project areas

4. Programming and initial implementation of field-level activities with Feed the Future (FTF)

funding through several sub-contractors

5. Engagement with national government agencies to determine priority needs in relation to

fisheries stock assessment, fisheries and marine resources data systems, and management and

capacity-building needs from national to local levels

6. Formation of relationships with all relevant and parallel donor and government projects of a

similar nature with potential complementarity to SEA

7. Development of a Gender Integration Strategy

8. Development of a Partner Communication and Coordination Plan

5.0 SEA THEORY OF CHANGE

5.1 HIGH-LEVEL THEORY OF CHANGE NARRATIVE

As illustrated in the SEA situation model (Appendix 2), marine biodiversity provides critical ecosystem

goods and services that are essential to the well-being of the people of Indonesia. The country has one

of the highest rates of dependency on fisheries products in the world, both as a source of animal protein

and income generation. Marine biodiversity is also a source of cultural values, so intact marine and

coastal habitats including coral reefs, seagrass beds, and mangrove forests and estuaries as well as


healthy populations of small pelagic and highly migratory fish species provide socio-economic benefits,

food security and nutrition, and contribute to the security of life and property.

Indonesia’s marine biodiversity is directly threatened by overfishing, destructive fishing, and illegal,

unregulated, and unreported (IUU) fishing that depletes fish populations and destroys habitats.

Additionally, habitats are being converted and degraded as a result of sand and coral mining, mangrove

logging, and pollution from construction and agriculture on land.

These threats have multiple drivers, but the high demand for Indonesian fisheries products combined

with a lack of understanding by government and the public of the benefits from conservation threaten to

erode the fisheries resources and human livelihoods. Currently, EAFM is not sufficiently practiced in

Indonesia, which is due to a lack of capacity, and it is characterized by a lack of information on the status

of resources, a failure to integrate biodiversity conservation into planning, and insufficient

implementation and enforcement of regulations, among other drivers.

The overall SEA TOC is presented in Figure 2. Broadly, by creating demand for EAFM using awareness

raising and advocacy (SA 1) and increasing the incentives for marine stewardship (SA 3), the engagement

of stakeholders for FMA and MPA management and MSP will be increased. Simultaneously, by advancing

the development of marine and fisheries policies and regulations (SA 4), institutionalizing training and

capacity building (SA 5), and improving ecosystem management through EAFM (Technical Approach

(TA) 1), MPAs (TA 2), MSP (TA 3), and law enforcement (TA 4), there will be enhanced capacity and

policies for FMA and MPA management and MSP. As a result, the FMA and MPAs and MSP will be

designed using a participatory approach through the application of ecological principles, and compliance

and law enforcement will be improved. This will result in more effective fisheries and marine

management in FMA-715, provincial waters, and MPAs as well as increased stakeholder compliance with

regulations. Assuming that sufficient resources and alternative incomes based on habitat protection are

in place, illegal and unsustainable fishing will decline and the threats to biodiversity will be reduced. If

biodiversity focal interests are better conserved, then ecosystem goods and services will improve and

benefit human well-being in local communities.

SEA is focused on creating the enabling conditions for and providing the technical assistance necessary

to implement EAFM in FMA-715. Therefore, there are external factors that might influence the

assumptions underlying the approach, including the continued interest and support of GOI for EAFM.

Additionally, changes to the regional or global economy and the impacts of climate change could

influence the predicted benefits to biodiversity and livelihoods. Finally, because both marine life and

people respond to the fluidity of the marine environment, the boundaries that are established for

project interventions and management may need to be adjusted in some instances.

Following the development of the TOCs and the accompanying results chains, the SEA team and

representatives of the USAID/Indonesia Marine Program worked together to simplify the high-level SEA

Project TOC (Figure 2) for communications and project-management purposes, particularly to facilitate

coordination with local and GOI partners (Appendix 3).

5.2 MANAGEMENT COMPONENTS AND CROSS-CUTTING TASKS

During the development of the strategic approaches and their alignment with the SEA Project

components, several tasks were identified as being applicable to multiple SAs or to the successful

management of the entire project (Figure 2).


5.2.1 Community Empowerment (Feed the Future) – Task 9 (Component 3)

Many of the SEA activities will be relevant to Feed the Future (FTF) (Task 9, Table 5), but specific

elements will target particularly vulnerable and disadvantaged people, those with limited access to

livelihood assets, and those that depend most on marine resources for their livelihoods and food

security. These people often represent the poorer segment of the coastal communities in Indonesia.

These activities will support improved fisheries management practices, enhance the gender balance in

fisheries value chains, support shifting incentive structures, add value in the fish value chains, and reduce

direct dependence on capture fisheries through livelihood diversification and other sources of food

production and/or income. In the first year in particular, FTF will support baseline reviews related to

fisheries, alternative livelihoods, coastal resource patterns and use, and demographics including gender.

The SEA Project will subcontract Masyarakat dan Perikanan Indonesia (MDPI) to improve the supply

chain through partnerships with the private sector, which will add value to fish catches and lead to

improved incomes. Additionally, MDPI will develop an improved data collection and analysis scheme for

small-scale fisheries that will engage the fishers and local managers and contribute to small-scale fishery

management and sustainability. In addition, selected activities by the other SEA subcontractors working

directly with communities to enhance their small protected areas to address illegal fishing or other local

concerns will contribute to the FTF objectives under SEA.

5.2.2 Science, Technology, and Innovation – Task 11 (Component 4)

Co-management efforts are built on changing attitudes and behaviors, and achieving results as efficiently

and effectively as possible can be enabled through emerging science, improved technologies, and other

innovations. Our team will develop an initial list of technologies and innovations from other projects in

Indonesia, the Philippines as well as other countries, and those developed to date through the CTI-CFF

under USAID support and link them with our activities. We will also work with the private sector and

assess the potential for investment through public-private partnerships (PPPs) for fisheries management

(see SA 3). As the project evolves, we will coordinate closely with MMAF and other partners to evaluate

whether solutions are applicable or adaptable for each local circumstance. We will also develop a

partnership with USAID’s Science, Technology, Innovation and Partnerships (STIP) activities. We will set

annual work plan targets and anticipated interventions. Possible innovations that may be practical,

affordable, and effective in Indonesia include:

Information technology such as MSP, use of GIS, easy-to-access maps for planning, and practical

information systems, including Indonesia’s One Map and One Data Initiatives.

Ecosystem Path with Ecosystem Simulation Modelling (ECOPath with ECOSIM) tools to

determine optimum sustainable harvest levels and simulate changes to gear and fleet size, among

other variables. This is especially applicable for those areas with good fisheries data that are in

need of review pertaining to overfishing, such as the Java Sea and the bait fishery for tuna within

FMA-715.

LISTSERV email and SMS circulation for various types of content. The SEA interactive web

portal will host all training materials, provide distance-learning opportunities, share success

stories, and link to pertinent fisheries and marine conservation data and research through web-

based sharing mechanisms among other means of distribution. To ensure long-term

sustainability, possible outlets to host this web portal would be through a GOI and/or

university-based website.

Technology such as remote monitoring and phone-based reporting for stronger enforcement,

private sector engagement, and information and communications technology traceability

solutions as well as other innovations that may be useful for small scale-boat registration and

logbook tracking, which are essential for improved fisheries management.


5.2.3 SEA Performance Monitoring System – Tasks 12 and 13 (Component 5)

The SEA Project is predicated on an ecosystem approach to fisheries and marine resources

management, which implies that it will integrate across sectors and assist in the development of plans

and implementation actions that address biophysical, governance, and socio-economic concerns. To

accomplish this vision of ecosystem approach and integration, the project will formulate a consistent

level of baseline information for project areas so that actions and longer-term plans will truly address

the underlying issues and threats to the areas of geographic focus. Such an approach will also provide a

model for other areas in Indonesia and a systematic means of scaling coastal and marine resource

management by local districts, provinces, and the national government.

Our fisheries and conservation advisors will guide our field teams during the baseline review and analysis

and mapping of each target area. In the first three months, the SEA team will conduct an initial rapid

assessment and then work with MMAF and other partners to establish clear parameters and

methodology for the full baseline review and analysis. We will draw on existing data and the TOCs for

the SEA SAs to develop baseline questions and tools, thus ensuring that annual follow-up data can be

analyzed to evaluate how behavior change is achieved and to adapt interventions to reflect ongoing

learning. The team will engage local governments, universities, communities, and other partners, and as

we identify more specific project areas, we will facilitate a Participatory Coastal Resources Assessment

(PCRA) for each. The baseline review and analysis will capture knowledge, skills, attitudes, and behaviors

of key stakeholders (women, local civil society organizations (CSOs), traditional leaders, and

government officials) to ensure that we capture the needs of the entire marine community. Such a

thorough initial review and analysis will enable the team to be flexible and responsive to changing

conditions and to adapt our activities according to the ME&L strategy and the Management Approach.

The review and analysis will also inform public education and outreach interventions to change attitudes

toward conservation and sustainable management (SA 1). An overview of the baseline approach is

presented in Appendix 4.

5.2.4 Communication and Coordination with Other Programs

Coordination and communication are critical elements of managing projects as well as the cornerstones

of the successful management of resources across Indonesia. The SEA team will develop a regular

meeting schedule with key GOI, private sector, and NGO/CSO counterparts to harmonize our efforts

with other ongoing initiatives, maintain regular contact with regional and other donor and foundation

programs that impact Indonesia (CTI, OCEANS, the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN),

SEAFDEC, BHS, COREMAP, GEF, NOAA, and APIK as well as private foundations such as Packard,

Walton, Cargill, and MacArthur), and continue to share lessons learned between SEA and similar

projects in the Philippines and the Coral Triangle. This will include participation of ECOFISH staff in the

development of our EAFM approach (SA 2) and a potential south-to-south visit to ECOFISH by MMAF,

provincial, and local officials. The SEA team is working with USAID and MMAF to confirm and expand

the list of potential partners and to develop a Partners Communication and Coordination Plan. SEA will

also be assisted by WWF, which has a history of successful coordination and partnership building

throughout Indonesia. Our communications strategy and plan will include a website that provides open

access to project documents, up-to-date case studies and results, and an open forum for feedback and

discussion groups on managing Indonesia’s marine resources.

Specific coordination activities and meetings of particular importance to the implementation of SEA will

include:

Regular national-level (Steering and Technical Team) meetings with MMAF and key partners


Facilitation of or assistance to steering/technical management committee for FMA-715

Facilitation of the tri-provincial steering/coordination committee meetings

Facilitation of the regular provincial level (within one province) working group team meetings as

appropriate among partners operating within the province

Convening of periodic national development partner and donor coordination meetings among

partners that work on similar marine topics and/or geographies as SEA

Liaising with CTI-CFF and its interface with the Indonesian NCC.

5.2.5 Gender

The economic, political and cultural attributes associated with being a man or woman in Indonesian

society vary considerably throughout the country. These attributes can facilitate or hinder the ability of

individuals, households, and communities to access and assert their rights to benefit from ecological

services and natural resources. SEA’s approach to gender will ensure that all local stakeholders (men,

women, girls, and boys) improve their understanding, awareness, and ability to act together for the

conservation and sustainable use of marine biodiversity and resources.

Gender considerations (gender equality and female empowerment) will be integrated into all of the SEA

SAs and tailored to each site. Beginning with our baseline and contextual mapping (Task 12, Appendix

4), our team will clarify gender issues, roles, relationships, actors, opportunities, and constraints,

particularly considering the influence of Sasi on management schemes and opportunities for greater

integration of activities important to women and girls, such as those in shallow waters and onshore post

catch. We will develop a clear picture of women’s groups, as well as women working in the private

sector, government, and NGOs, such as Forsal in North Maluku, that are working for women’s

empowerment in the FMA-715 communities. Based on these results, we will develop a gender

integration strategy with gender-specific targets, indicators, monitoring, and reporting for each activity at

each site.

Our gender strategy focuses on better integrating women into the broader conservation and fisheries

management system, so SEA will train women and provide a better platform for them to be productive

participants in value chains, and we will better educate men on the benefits of inclusion. Illustrative

gender-specific guidelines for SEA include:

Providing site-specific gender and development action agendas with objectives, gender parity

entry points, and activities to ensure women and marginalized groups have equal access to

resources and participation

Ensuring women are key participants in the marine resources sector and value chains

Ensuring conservation and fisheries management laws and policies adequately address gender

considerations, are locally adapted, and are effectively implemented

Disaggregating impact and indicator data by gender.


Figure 2. SEA Project Overall Results Chain Diagram


6.0 TECHNICAL APPROACHES FOR IMPROVED FISHERIES

MANAGEMENT

6.1 STRATEGIC APPROACH 2: IMPROVE ECOSYSTEM MANAGEMENT OF

FMA-715 AND MPAS

6.1.1 Overall Approach

Ecosystem-based management (EBM), including EAFM promotes good governance and integration with

conservation, co-management, and stakeholder engagement while simultaneously focusing on multiple

objectives at the appropriate scale. This approach is founded on principles of precaution and

sustainability, acknowledging that each system, and the natural resource and human interactions within,

is unique, not fully understood, and thus requires an emphasis on learning and adaptive management.

As mentioned, Indonesia has delineated 11 FMAs that cover all Indonesian waters. Provincial

governments have the authority to manage marine resources within 12 nautical miles of the coast.

Marine and Coastal Zone Spatial Planning or “Rencana Zonasi Wilayah Pesisir dan Pulau-Pulau Kecil

(RZWP3K or MSP) and MPAs, combined with adequate law enforcement, are seen as important tools to

achieve conservation and sustainable use in the FMAs. SEA will coordinate its overall EAFM work in

FMA-715 to improve the existing FMP for 715 and will focus on initiating the FMA-715 FMC, improving

law enforcement, and registering and monitoring fishing vessels and gear among other aspects of the 715

FMP. Additionally, SEA will assist MMAF in the development of guidelines to implement the FMP through

the improvement of its Norms, Standards, Procedures, and Criteria (NSPK).

The activities related to this strategic approach address Tasks 3, 4, and 5 (Table 5, Figure 3), and

illustrative life-of-project results include the following:

Assessing the current status of existing MPAs and fisheries management to enable improved

management effectiveness

Assessing the current status of fisheries resources using FTF funds to enhance fisheries policy

and improve management actions

Supporting FMPs, MPAs, and MSP in each province and, to some degree, across FMA-715

Integrating rights-based fisheries/traditional marine tenure in implementation

Addressing the capture and trafficking of ETP marine species

Building on the I-FISH work of IMACS for fisheries data management

Developing training in collaboration with NOAA on fisheries management, law enforcement,

and MPA design and implementation

Developing an action plan to improve the national fisheries statistics and stock assessment

system

Exploring sustainable finance mechanisms for all implementation approaches

Identifying and implementing sustainable alternative/strengthening livelihoods to support MPAs.

With the enactment of Indonesian Law No. 23/2014 on Local Government, the activities under SA 2

that are focused on providing technical support for MPAs, MSP, and law enforcement will be focused at

the provincial level in coordination with district-level implementation. Promoting collaboration between

provincial and district governments to ensure a smooth transition of management authority is a key IRs

of this SA.


6.1.2 Theory of Change Narrative

Strategic Approach 2 (Figure 3) is composed of the four TAs described below: EAFM, MPA

management, MSP, and law enforcement, all of which are enabled by SAs 1, 3, 4, and 5. Assuming that

these other SAs are effective, implementing effective fisheries and marine management (Task 3) and

providing assistance to MMAF and their local government counterparts on the development and

implementation of an action plan to improve the national fisheries statistics and stock assessment system

(Task 4) will enhance the capacity and policies for and increase stakeholder engagement in FMA and

MPA management and MSP. If financing mechanisms are developed to sustain management efforts (Task

5) and law enforcement is improved, then there will be more effective fisheries and marine management

in FMAs, provincial waters, and MPAs, which will enhance stakeholder compliance with regulations and

reduce illegal and unsustainable fishing, thus reducing threats to biodiversity.

The success of the other SAs will influence the effectiveness and sustainability of the activities under SA

2. As a result, changes to the policy or economic environment could impact the incentives and demand

for EAFM and thus affect its implementation. Other factors that may potentially impact these predicted

outcomes include the willingness and capacity of local provincial and district governments to fully engage

and the level of funding that is allocated by local governments to support the staff, training, and events

that are essential to achieving the objectives.


Figure 3. Strategic Approach 2 Summary Results Chain Diagram


6.2 TECHNICAL APPROACH 1: ECOSYSTEM APPROACH TO FISHERIES

MANAGEMENT


In conjunction with SA 1, the SEA team will deploy various means to engage stakeholders that will

increase awareness, demand, and capacity for EAFM, which will lead to buy-in and ownership in FMA-

715 and capacity for compliance. Activities will include, but not be limited to, active engagement with

and improvement in the capacity of key personnel from the fisheries extension service, government

officials, academia, and fishers and fishing communities as well as the private sector (Table 7). The SEA

team also believes that simultaneously establishing and building the capacity of the 715 FMC can further

leverage awareness and capacity for EAFM.

Additionally, if a strategy is developed and implemented for the smooth transition of marine fisheries

management from the district to the province under Law 23, then the capacity of the provincial

government and the national EAFM working group will be improved.

Simultaneously, data on fish stocks, catch (fishing effort), ecosystems, and the related socio-economic

factors must be improved. This can be accomplished though better logbook and vessel registration

compliance and other means of data collection so that the FMP and Harvest Control Rules (HCR) can

be updated with consideration of socio-economic factors and be integrated at the provincial and national

levels.

Under SA 1 and SA 5, the awareness, capacity, and coordination of fisheries extension officers, the

government agencies involved in fisheries management, and other stakeholders including fishers and the

private sector must be enhanced to develop a functional FMP and implementation measures.

Additionally, the capacity of MMAF and other stakeholders to effectively collect and analyze data must

be built to update HCR and engage in adaptive EAFM. Similarly, improving the data on fish stocks, fishing

effort, and ecosystem health are critical IRs under TA 1 as is the smooth transition of fisheries

management from the district level to the province.

All of the above results will lead to the 715 FMP being implemented at the provincial and district levels

in accordance with national regulations, thus leading to more effective management, including control

and monitoring, and a reduction in overall illegal and unsustainable fishing (Figure 4).

If increased awareness, demand, and capacity for EAFM are combined with research and an

understanding of the true costs of EAFM/MPA management as well as advocacy for government and

private sector support of related funding options, then sustainable financing options can be developed

for FMAs and MPAs.

Thus, the key activities and outputs that will lead to effective EAFM are to:

1. Support and raise awareness and buy-in for EAFM among all stakeholders, including government

officials, academia, fishers, fishing communities and the private sector

2. Support the establishment of the 715 FMC as a platform for information sharing, coordination

and collaboration

3. Support improved data collection and analysis by government and non-government agencies

through logbook and vessel registrations, I-Fish, the One Data Initiative, and other forms of data

collection that will lead to improved HCR at the national, provincial and community levels


4. Support capacity development and coordination among government agencies and the 715 FMC

to develop, implement, control, and monitor FMPs and harvest control measures as well as to

identify incentives for compliance, including those to be utilized as financing mechanisms

5. Support engagement by the private sector to invest in market-based fisheries management that

can provide incentives and develop awareness and buy-in for improved fishing practices and

sustainability.

In addition to the external socio-economic and political factors described under the overall SEA TOC,

other factors related to the implementation of SA 1 and SA 5 are particularly important to the results

under this approach. The actual immediate results under this TOC will be determined by the extent of

the responses from targeted stakeholders to the designed interventions and the availability of

government budgets to implement them. Hence, the critical assumptions in achieving the outcomes

shown in Figure 4 through the highlighted activities above include:

That the provincial/district governments are in support of coordination and are willing to be

involved in the establishment of an FMC; or if not yet ready, early actions should be taken to

increase their awareness and participation

That the provincial/district governments, private sector, and communities agree on the need for,

and are willing to contribute to, better data collection for fisheries management

That the provincial/district governments allocate sufficient financial resources to support the

implementation of the FMP(s), including HCR and other required measures.

The above interventions contribute to the following Learning Questions:

(LQ 3). To what extent does public participation and demand encourage the government to

receive and respond with more effective government policies supporting FMAs and MPAs? (SA1)

(LQ 9). To what extent do certified SEA project community members and local government

leaders go on to apply these skills in marine resource management? (SA5)

(LQ 10). To what extent does improved/complete data on fish stocks, catch, and ecosystems

lead to updated HCR? (SA2)

(LQ 11). To what extent does government understanding of the true costs of FMA/MPA

management by the government and the value of well-managed key species/ecosystems lead to

sufficient budgeting for the activities needed for sustainable fisheries management? (SA2)

(LQ 14). To what extent does more effective fisheries and marine management lead to a

reduction in direct threats? (SA2)


Figure 4. Technical Approach 1 Results Chain Diagram


Table 7. Technical Approach 1 Activities and Outcomes

Technical Approach 1. Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries Management

Activities Implementer Geography Target Output and Means of Verification Timeline

Cross-

Cutting

Tasks

Task 3: Implement effective fisheries and marine management

IR: 715 Fisheries Management Committee established and functional2

National

Support to develop the roadmap of

FMC 715 using the establishment

the 718 FMC as the model to

improve the strategy for the

initiation and development of 715

FMC

SEA/Core

Team/WWF

National

FMA-715

718 FMC operational. Review of pilot

implementation of 718 FMC begun to determine

lessons learned. Road map for the 715 FMC

developed

17-1 to 4 SA 1, SA 3,

and SA 5

Provincial

Develop task forces of 715 FMC

including statistics and data and

academic information including Data

Management Committee (DMC)

SEA/WWF/WCS Maluku

North Maluku

West Papua

Series of meetings with provincial goverments

and workshops.

Task force established including: Maluku DMC

function improved; North Maluku DMC initiated

and road map for FMC establishment identified.

Record of meetings conducted

Workshop minutes or reports

17-2 to 4 SA 3

2 The first-year work plan will support the initiation of the 718 FMC, which will be used as an example to improve the strategy for 715 FMC

initiation that will be the focus of the second-year workplan.



Cross-

Cutting

Tasks

Task 4: Provide assistance to MMAF and key stakeholders on the development and implementation of an action plan to improve the

national fisheries statistics and stock assessment system.

IR: National Committee for Stock Assessment has greater capacity

IR: Stock assessments carried out with additional data compiled from the private sector, NGOs, etc.

IR: Data improved and stock assessment carried out

National and Provincial

Stock assessment: support the

strengthening of guidelines and

methodologies inclduding synchronizing methodologies used

by various organization for stock

assessments, developing harvest

strategies, and managing strategy

evaluation

SEA/Core

Team/WCS/

WWF

National Gaps, recommendations, and training needs

for stock assessment identified, including

capacity building for MMAF fishery

researchers

Series of meetings and workshops

Meetings to address national stock

assessment conducted

Standardized stock assessment methodology

identified and adopted by SEA

Report summarizing needs assessment

17-1 to 4 Task 12

SA 4 and SA

5

Develop I-Fish interface for fishery

data collection for all provinces in

the project area

SEA/ Core

Team/MDPI/

WCS

National North

Maluku

Maluku

Develop recommendations based on I-Fish

report and provide recommendations to

provincial governments

Government agencies have a better

understanding and are more aware of the

need for better data management system (I-

FISH)

Progress report of MDPI/WCS work

17-2 to 4 SA4 and

SA 5

Tasks 11 and

12



Cross-

Cutting

Tasks

Stock assessment: conduct training

on fishery data collection for the

enumerators (trainers) of and

related government agencies and

SEA project partners according to

the developed methodology and

guidelines

SEA/Core

Team/WWF/

WCS/MDPI

National Workshops conducted

Enumerators/trainers of NGO partners are

capable of conducting data collection

Training report

17-1 to 2 SA 4 and

SA 5

Stock assessment: preliminary stock

assessment based on available data

and information

SEA/Core

Team/WWF/

WCS/MDPI

National Rough analysis of possible FMPs

Report on stock assessment

17-4

Or 18-1

SA 4 and

SA 5

Stock assessment: refine fishery

data collection methodology for the

second cycle of fishery data

collection

SEA/Core Team

/WWF/WCS/

MDPI

National Gaps and recommendations identified for

improved methodology

Conduct a series of workshops to provide

training on improved methodology

Workshop reports

17-4 SA 4 and

SA 5


Verify and evaluate fishery data

collection to eliminate a risk of

possible bias in fishery data needed

for stock assessment

SEA/Core

Team/WWF/

WCS/MDPI

National

Maluku

North Maluku

West Papua

Series of field reviews by Pusat Penelitian

dan Pengembangan Perikanan team and

workshops conducted

Conduct series of workshops, meetings

and initial review to evaluate the

methodology

Methodology evaluated, and risk of bias

is identified and minimized

Field review report; record of meetings

and workshops

17-2 SA 4 and

SA 5



Cross-

Cutting

Tasks

Provincial

Stock assessment: conduct data

collection and analysis of fisheries

resources (catches/CPUE per group

or family), fishing grounds, gears,

and important habitats

SEA/Core

Team/WWF/W

CS/MDPI

Maluku

North Maluku

West Papua

Data collection conducted and analysis initiated

Evidence report of data collected

17-2 to 4 SA 4 and

SA 5

IR: Licensing, registration, and Logbook use by vessels <30 GT (SIMKADA) improved

National

Establish collective agreement to

support and implement vessel

(<30GT) registration using the

SIMKADA system

SEA/Core Team National

Conduct meetings to improve coordination

among national- and provincial-level agencies

Report of meetings

17-1 SA 4 and

SA 5

Support the strengthening of the

SIMKADA system for <10 GT

vessel registration

SEA/Core Team National Technical assistance and recommendations

available

Summary of recommendations in report

17-2 to 4 SA 4 and

SA 5

Assess vessel registration and

logbook compliance to identify

supporting and constraining factors

and identify possible incentives to

increase compliance

SEA/Core Team National Report completed and available

Enabling and constraining factors for better

compliance identified and reported

17-4 SA 1,

SAs 3-5

Facilitate improvement of scientific

observer program

SEA/Core

Team/WWF

National Guidelines for scientific observer program

established

Guideline report

17-4 SA 1,

SAs 3-5



Cross-

Cutting

Tasks

Provincial

Assess the existing logbook

system/format to recommend

(innovative) logbook system to

improve adoption by fishers with

vessel 10 - 30GT; pilot new system.

SEA/Core

Team/WWF

National

Maluku

Existing gaps/weaknesses of the current data

collection system (offline and online) identified

and recommendations available in report

17-3 to 4 SA 4

Support fisher

identification/verification of <5 GT

vessels through survey at project

sites that will be integrated into

SEA data collection at

province/district levels

SEA/WWF/WCS

/MDPI

Maluku

North Maluku

West Papua

Survey conducted; fishers with <5GT fishing

vessels identified and verified

Evidence of survey in report

17-1 to 4 SA 4 and

SA 5

Provide training and technical

support for SIMKADA

implementation in project areas

(province and district levels)

SEA/Core

Team/MDPI

Maluku Series of trainings conducted; vessel registration

initiated

Training reports

17-1 to 2 SA 4 and

SA 5


6.3 TECHNICAL APPROACH 2. MARINE PROTECTED AREAS


Under Task 3, if SEA assists in designing an MPA network for FMA-715, then fisheries habitat data and

ecological design principles will be used to identify areas for protection within the MPA network. If

participatory planning is used to understand provincial priorities and implement activities for the

establishment of MPAs in FMA-715, then communities, local governments, and the private sector will

understand the value of conservation for protecting marine-based livelihoods. New MPAs will then be

created to fill critical ecological and fisheries gaps, thus improving the connectivity of the FMA-715 MPA

network to the broader region.

If an economic valuation and cost-benefit analysis of MPAs contributes to the understanding and

appreciation of the value of conservation for protecting marine-based livelihoods by communities, local

governments, and the private sector, these stakeholders will support and implement MPA management.

This will lead to more effective management of new and existing MPAs.

As in TA 1, more effective MPA management will be supported by assessing the present status of MPA

design and management and then building capacity for adaptive management among MPA managers and

other stakeholders. In addition, understanding the true costs and benefits of EAFM/MPA management

coupled with advocacy for government and private sector support for EAFM/MPA funding options

should lead to sustainable financing for FMAs and MPAs.

The above results will lead to more effective management and a reduction in illegal and unsustainable

fishing as well as less destructive fishing, reduced ETP collection, reduced impact from coastal

development, and reduced mangrove conversion in selected areas (Figure 5).

Thus, the key activities (Table 8) and outputs that will lead to more effective MPA management and the

primary outcomes shown in Figure 5 are to:

1. Assess the current status of individual MPA design and governance using accepted tools and

then process this information for adaptive planning and management

2. Work with stakeholders (community level and local government) to develop a realistic

management plan that includes all aspects of MPA management, from zoning to operational

procedures, that leads to improved compliance and law enforcement

3. Support and/or mentor the process to finalize the legal adoption of the management plan

4. Build the capacity of the MPA management team to implement the MPA management plan

through targeted training and on-the-job learning

5. Develop the capacity to periodically monitor the governance and biophysical status of the MPAs

6. Develop the MPA institutional, governance, and biophysical networks for the SEA target

provinces and FMA-715

7. Design and operate a revenue generation plan to support MPA implementation.

The success of this TA is particularly tied to the outcomes of SA 1 and SA 3 as creating a constituency

for conservation through communication and marketing and the creation of incentives will influence

partner engagement and the strength of the participatory planning process. Additionally, demonstrating

the value of MPAs to livelihoods will be influenced by outside socio-economic and political factors.

Finally, the improvement of MPA effectiveness will depend on sufficient local government capacity and

budget allocation to provide consistent support over time. Hence, the critical assumptions in achieving

the outcomes shown in Figure 5 through the highlighted activities above include:


That establishing the legal status of any given MPA does not take more than 3-4 years

That the local provincial/district government allocates sufficient budget to initiate on-the-ground

management

That organizing community management teams and individuals contributes to the actual

management and protection of the MPA given the variables of their distance from the site, their

access to boats, and their willingness to participate

That the fish biomass baseline represents a depleted status. Otherwise, improved management

will not necessarily increase fish biomass as measured through monitoring

That illegal fishing activities are not so entrenched in the area as to require extensive resources

for eradication

That the ecosystem being protected is not negatively affected by future bleaching events or

other natural phenomena that are beyond the power of the local management team to prevent.

The above interventions contribute to the following Learning Questions:

(LQ15): To what extent do decreased threats to biodiversity lead to improved conservation

(e.g., improved biophysical conditions) of the focal interests?

(LQ5): To what extent does having a viable livelihood (e.g., marine ecotourism, sustainable

fishing, etc.) that depends directly on the marine resource base reduce the threats to and

improve conservation of marine biodiversity in a specified geography?

(new): To what extent does an adjacent community that is dependent on marine resources in an

MPA value (perceive benefit from) the implementation of a no-take zone within the MPA?


Table 8. Technical Approach 2: Marine Protected Areas Activities and Outcomes

Technical Approach 2. Marine Protected Areas Management


Cross-

Cutting

Tasks


IR: Data from Indonesia show economic value of MPAs

IR: Communities, local government, and private sector understand value of marine conservation, management, and enforcement

IR: Fisheries and habitat data and design principles used to identify areas within MPA network for protection


Cross-

Cutting

Tasks


Facilitate and support joint planning to

understand provincial priorities and

facilitate the implementation of the 5-

step process for establishing MPAs in

715

SEA/Core

Team/CTC/

WWF/WCS

Maluku

North Maluku

West Papua

MPA network management supporting fisheries

management is designed

17-2 and 4 Task 14

Provincial

Support development of 3 provincial-

level work plans and objectives, and

incorporate into the provincial MSP

development and programs

SEA CORE /CTC/

WWF/ WCS

Maluku

North Maluku

West Papua

Provincial work plans that cover the existing status

of MPAs and gaps needed to be filled to develop a

provincial MPA network. The MPA network will be

a component of MSP

Provincial work plan or summary thereof

17-3 to 4 SA 1


Initiate process and support for

development of provincial MPA

planning and management bodies:

a. Conduct institutional analysis for

establishment of provincial MPA

management body

b. Support development of provincial

roadmaps to improve MPA

management effectiveness

c. Support initiation of agreement on

Provincial MPA Network Working

Group and MPA Network

Development

d. Support regular meetings and work

of Provincial MPA

e. Link process to FMC as appropriate

and possible

SEA/ WCS/

WWF/ CTC

Maluku

North Maluku

West Papua

a. Institutional analysis developed and vetted in

consultation process, workshops for each

province

b. 3 Provincial MPA Roadmap Agreements

c. Establishment of Provincial MPA Network

Technical Working Group and Agreement on

each provincial MPA network development as

part of Provincial Technical Working Group

d. Improved Provincial MPA Network design and

operation (ongoing)

Reports on process meetings

a. 17-2 to 3

b. 17-1 to 4

c. 17-3 to 4

d. 17-3 to 4

Task 12

SA 3 and

SA 5

Support establishment and progression

of individual MPAs through:

a. Support for the establishment of

MPA co-management at local

community

b. Support for the establishment and

operation of individual MPA

management and zoning plans

(lessons learned from West Nusa

Tenggara and others)

c. Other technical advisory or capacity-

building /training activities as defined

in MMAF effective MPA management

guide

SEA Core/ CTC/

WCS/ WWF

Maluku

North Maluku

West Papua

a. NEW MPAs: Workshops and Consultations

leading to Management planning and bodies

established

b. EXISTING MPAs: Workshops and Consultations

leading to MPA Zoning Plans

c. To be defined

Documentation on new MPAs and copies of

improved MPA management plans

a. 17-2 to 4

b. 17-2 to 4

SA 1, SA 4,

and SA 5


6.4 TECHNICAL APPROACH 3. MARINE SPATIAL PLANNING


This technical approach is characterized by two processes: development and implementation (Appendix

3), and the activities under SEA will be focused on MSP development (Table 9). If SEA policy working

groups are established and conduct policy reviews and the capacity of community stakeholders and

policy working groups to engage in MSP is enhanced, then, with inputs from SA 1, stakeholders will be

engaged and supportive of MSP. At the same time, if data working groups are formed to conduct data

review and analysis (in partnership with NOAA under the One Data Initiative), then data for MSP will be

available, and the existing MSP will be understood. This will yield clear MSP inputs, and if these inputs

are accepted by provincial authorities and FMA/MPA recommendations are incorporated into MSP, the

MSPs and FMPs for the three target provinces will be adopted. These outcomes will be supported by SA

4 and SA 5.

During the implementation process, if the MSPs are adopted and maintained (supported by SA 5) and

include EAFM and MPA considerations and if vertical and horizontal integration of MSP is achieved by

the local agencies, then the provincial areas and the associated MPAs will be more effectively managed,

other provincial policies will include MSP, and exclusive small-scale use rights will be secured. This will

lead to a reduction in resource uses that are incompatible with conservation and will reduce conflict

among small- and large-scale marine resource users, thus leading to reduced overfishing, unplanned

coastal development, and mangrove conversion (Figure 6).

Thus, the key activities and outputs that will lead to more effective marine spatial planning and the


1. Support and raise awareness for the implementation of MSP among all stakeholders, including

government officials, academia, fishers, fishing communities, and the private sector

2. Support improved data collection and analysis by government and non-government agencies at

the national, provincial and community levels

3. Support capacity development and coordination among government agencies to develop and

finalize their respective MSPs.

This TA will also be influenced by the work done under SAs 1 and 5 to create demand for better

fisheries resource management and to institutionalize training and capacity building for MSP. Additionally,

SA 4 will influence the establishment of governance structures and regulations to support the adoption

of MSPs in the three provinces. Hence, the critical assumptions in achieving the outcomes shown in

Figure 6 through the activities highlighted above include:

That the provincial governments are prepared to submit their MSPs. If not, early actions should

be taken to increase awareness and participation

That the national and provincial governments, and communities agree on the need for, and are

willing to contribute to, better marine spatial planning

That the provincial/district governments allocate sufficient financial resources to support the

development and implementation of the MSPs in their respective jurisdictions.


Table 9. Technical Approach 3: Marine Spatial Planning Activities and Outcomes

Technical Approach 3. Marine Spatial Planning


Cross-

Cutting

Tasks


IR: SEA policy working group joins provincial working groups to build capacity

IR: Recommendations for FMA/MPA included into MSP

Provincial

Support MSP working groups in Perda

RZWP3K legislation process

SEA/Core Team

Maluku

Policy recommendations on fisheries areas, MPA

areas and MPA networks incorporated into the

draft Perda RZWP3K

Technical Assistance report that show SEA

Project’ recommendation for draft Perda

RZWP3K

17-4 TAs 1 and 2

SA 4

IR: Inputs to MSP taken on board by provincial authoritis

IR: Clear inputs to MSP defined

Facilitate the spatial analysis to

stipulate spatial allocation and

utilization

SEA/Core

Team/WWF/WCS

Maluku

North Maluku

West Papua

Provincial RZWP3Ks incorporate the SEA Team

recommendations for delineating zones in the

document

Technical assistance report that show SEA

Project’ recommendation for stipulating spatial

allocation and utilization

17-2 to 3 Task 11



Cross-

Cutting

Tasks

Task 6. Facilitate dialogue on further policy and regulatory needs for the marine and fisheries sector

IR: Stakeholders engaged and supportive of MSP

IR: SEA policy working group joins provincial working groups to build capacity

Undertake initial analysis of gaps in

local government planning and

budgeting regarding EAFM, MPA, and

MSP

SEA/CTC National

FMA-715

Maluku

North Maluku

West Papua

Methodology developed to assess and facilitate

the alignment of local government program.

Report on the levels of alignment of local

government program produced

17-1 to 3 Tasks 9 and 12

SAs 2-5

Support MSP working groups in

public consultation process

SEA/Core

Team/WWF/WCS

Maluku

North Maluku

West Papua

Stakeholders aware and provide their input in

the MSP development processes

MSP Public Consultation Reports

17-1 to 4 Task 1

SA 1


6.5 TECHNICAL APPROACH 4. LAW ENFORCEMENT


The TOC for this TA is basically divided into two results chains: capacity building for law enforcement

and capacity building for community compliance. Along the enforcement chain, analyzing the drivers of

non-compliance with the law will lead to a better understanding of the need for capacity building, and if

operational resources and technology are provided and the capacity for community-based surveillance

(POKMASWAS) is increased, then surveillance of the community will be improved and GOI

enforcement units will focus resources in FMA-715, thus filling surveillance gaps. In partnership with

NOAA, if detection is increased through the leveraging of science, technology, innovation, and

partnerships (STIP), then there will be increased interdiction leading to successful and timely

prosecution. If, at the same time, awareness of existing regulations and policies is increased and there is

increased capacity of law enforcement officials, prosecutors, and judges and if judges and policy makers

understand the economic and other impacts of illegal actions, then there will be convictions with

appropriate penalties. If the above leads to enforcement serving as an effective deterrent, then threats

to biodiversity focal interests will be mitigated.

If the cause of non-compliance with the law is a lack of awareness, then a communications and outreach

campaign should be directed at stakeholders. If stakeholders understand the economic and other

impacts of illegal actions, then there will be increased stakeholder compliance with national, provincial,

and MPA regulations, leading to threat mitigation (Figure 7).

Thus, the key activities (Table 10) and outputs that will lead to more effective law enforcement and the


1. Support policy development and policy advocacy to improve the legal framework for effective

law enforcement among all stakeholders, including government officials, academia, fishers, fishing

communities, and the private sector

2. Support a collective effort among stakeholders (compulsory and voluntary) to achieve effective

compliance through prosecution and sanctions as well as education and outreach

3. Support capacity development and coordination among government agencies to realize an

effective law enforcement system (surveillance, capable human resources, sustainable financing).

Law enforcement capacity and regulatory compliance are influenced by socio-economic and political

factors, so the work under SA 4 and SA 5 are particularly important inputs into this results chain as is

the development of incentives and markets for sustainable fishing under SA 3. Hence, the critical

assumptions in achieving the outcomes shown in Figure 6 through the activities highlighted above

include:

That the provincial and district governments are in support of coordination and are willing to be

involved in the establishment of an effective law enforcement system

That the provincial and district governments, private sector, and communities agree on the need

for, and are willing to contribute to, better data collection to support an effective law

enforcement system

That the provincial and district governments allocate sufficient financial resources to support the

capacity building and surveillance efforts.


Table 10. Technical Approach 4 Law Enforcement Activities and Outcome

Technical Approach 4. Law Enforcement


Cross-

Cutting

Task


IR: GOI enforcement units focus their resources in FMA 715

National

Provincial

Develop and activate Law

Enforcement Groups under

provincial working groups

SEA/Core

Team/WWF/

WCS/

Maluku

North Maluku

West Papua

Effective management of joint law

enforcement activity in North Maluku with

SEA Project

Workplan and activity report of Law

Enforcement Groups

17-1 to 4 Tasks 2 and 14

SA 4

IR: Stakeholders understand economic and other impacts of illegal actions

IR: Enforcement serves as effective deterrent


Advocate MMAF to reduce

destructive fishing by banning the

blast fishing materials

SEA/WWF National

Maluku

West Papua

The result of blast fishing supply chains study

advocated to MMAF and Provincial

Government

Advocacy material of ban the blast fishing

materials as result of the study

17-1 to 4 SA 1 and SA 4



Cross-

Cutting

Tasks

IR: Capacity for community surveillance improved

Provincial

Develop recommendations from

baseline for developing

community-based surveillance

SEA/WCS North Maluku

District

Feasibility study and recommendations for

developing community-based surveillance and

law enforcement system in North Maluku is

developed and applicable to the amendment

of the Ministerial Regulation on Community-

based Surveillance Systems by MMAF

Assessment report on the development of

community-based surveillance and law

enforcement system in North Maluku

17-3 SA 5

Develop roadmap to establish

community-based law enforcement


District

Roadmap for establishment of community-

based surveillance system in North Maluku

developed

Roadmap establishment of community-based

surveillance system in North Maluku

17-4 SA 5

Strengthen groups for community-

based law enforcement


District

Central Halmahera,

South Halmahera,

Ternate, Tidore,

Morotai

Community group legally strengthened

SOPs for community based surveillance

groups

Action plans of the community based

surveillance groups

17-4 SA 4


IR: Community surveillance by environment intelligence networks improved


Cross-

Cutting

Tasks

Provincial

Establish and activate the Combating

Wildlife Crime Network between

POKMASWAS, DKP, and police


District

Agreement on communication mechanism

and network to combat wildlife crime in

North Maluku

Signed agreement among parties on

communication mechanism and network to

combat wildlife crime in North Maluku

17-4 SA 4

TAs 1-3

IR: Legal framework improved

National

Support the development of the

Norms, Standards, Procedures and

Criteria for Marine and Fisheries

Surveillance as a consequence of

the implementation of Law No.

23/2014

SEA/Core Team National Policy recommendations for the Norms,

Standards, Procedures and Criteria for Marine

and Fisheries Surveillance as a consequence of

implementation of Law No. 23/2014 is

developed

Policy Paper on the Norm, Standard,

Procedure and Criteria of Marine and Fisheries

Surveillance as consequence of implementation

of Law No. 23/2014

17-1 to 4 SA 4

TAs 2-3

Task 6

Support the development of a

Priority Action Plan for the

implementation of the PSM

Agreement

SEA/Core Team National Priority Action Plan (Institutional, Policy and

Capacity Building Aspect) to implement PSM

Agreement is recommended

Assessment Report on Priority Action Plan

(Institutional, Policy and Capacity Building

Aspect) to implement PSM Agreement

17-1 to 2 SAs 4 and 5

TA 1

Task 6



Cross-

Cutting

Tasks

Task 10. Design and implement training on conservation, MPAs, and fisheries management, and strengthen the capacity of marine

extension programs

IR: Capacity for surveillance improved

National

Training of PSM inspector in

collaboration with NOAA

SEA/Core Team

and NOAA

National Competency-based Training Curricula for

PSM Inspector Training is developed and used

for the Standardized Competency-based

Inspector Training to implement PSM in

Indonesia

Training Reports

Standardized Competency of Inspector

to implement PSM

Competency-based Training Curricula

for PSM Inspector Training

16-4

to 17-2

SA 5


Activities Implementer Geography Target Output and Means of

Verification Timeline

Cross-

Cutting

Tasks

IR: Increased capacity of patrols, prosecutors, judiciaries

IR: Community surveillance by environment intelligence networks improve

Provincial

Training on combating ETP wildlife

trade for judiciaries and law

enforcement agencies (including

POKMASWAS, PPNS, and Polsus


District

Judiciaries and law enforcement agencies are

trained on combating the ETP wildlife trade

Training Report on combating ETP wildlife

trade for judiciaries and law enforcement

agencies

17-2 SA 5

Task 11. Augment project results through the use of science, technology, and innovation

IR: Detection improved using science, technology, innovations and partnerships

IR: Capacity for surveillance improved including IRD/skills/equipment


Improve the surveillance

effectiveness of boat detection for

MPA and fisheris management

SEA/NOAA National

Province

Pilot of VIIRS and VMS Cross Correlation

Algorithm developed

Technical Assistance Report

17-1 to 4 SA 4

TAs 1-3


7.0 STRATEGIC APPROACHES ADDRESSING ENABLING

CONDITIONS

7.1 STRATEGIC APPROACH 1: CREATE DEMAND THROUGH AWARENESS

RAISING AND ADVOCACY

Conservation and sustainable fisheries management (SFM) are in the best interest of almost everyone

across our target areas and Indonesia, yet demand varies greatly. Fishers, community leaders, and

government agents often do not fully appreciate the economic and social value being lost due to

unsustainable resource management, including damage to long-term livelihoods and food security.

Strategic approach 1 proposes to reduce the level of overfishing, destructive fishing, and mangrove

logging by creating demand for EAFM through awareness raising and advocacy.

The activities related to this strategic approach address Tasks 1 and 2 (Table 5, Table 11).

Task 1 will improve the broad understanding and buy-in to the benefits from conservation and the

sustainable use of fisheries, which will lead to a change in behaviors throughout the SEA target areas,

and the SEA team will implement a public education and outreach plan to catalyze this learning and

change. Building on the participatory baseline and community mapping activities, we will work closely

with our MMAF, local government, and community champions to develop audience-specific messaging

for all SEA stakeholders. Task 1 will also be the foundation for the implementation of activities under all

other tasks.

Critical audiences (with an emphasis on the women in each) and the related potential messages include

the following:

Local leaders: sustainable use, livelihoods, food security, and coastal protection

Government: achieving commitments, sustaining revenues, accelerating policies, prosperity for

all, importance of environmental services, cost/benefit analysis, prestige from improved

enforcement

Private sector: sustainable business practices; increased profits through sustainable use,

certification, compliance, and ecotourism; the "blue economy"

CSOs/NGOs: similar to those for local leaders plus the promotion of activism and government

transparency

Media: principles of sustainability; the importance of the project site; the promotion of

government transparency; the relevance and economic importance of conservation

Religious leaders: ethic to sustain resources and how to conserve marine resources

Schools/universities: environmental education on marine conservation

Task 2 will facilitate the vertical linkages between all levels of the GOI and the horizontal linkages among

government, civil society, and community actors. These system-based partnerships for co-management

will build the transparency, trust, and locally appropriate solutions that are needed to ensure the near-

and long-term success of conservation and sustainable fisheries. The SEA team will identify and work

through champions at each level, using MSFs and establishing integrated co-management plans that drive

improved monitoring and more transparent decision-making. Project results are anticipated to include:

The identification of champions at each level (women, youth, and local leaders from the

community; district and provincial government and civil society representatives; and leaders

within MMAF) during the baseline review and mapping exercise


The engagement of champions and existing CSOs with coordinating forums to institute co-

management and participatory planning into all activities.


Through Task 1, the SEA team believes it is necessary to perform a baseline review of target audiences,

messages, and communications channels at all levels of governance and across geographies and then to

design an outreach approach. Outreach programs must be implemented, which will then be monitored,

evaluated, and adapted throughout the life of project.

Through Task 2, it is necessary to identify champions in all of the target audiences and engage them in

field trips, seminars, and other fora. It is also necessary to assess the existing strategic coalitions and

champions for creating demand and to improve the functioning of the identified coalitions.

Thus, the TOC (Figure 8) can be explicitly stated as follows. Assuming that the priority audiences

receive, understand, believe, and repeat the messages disseminated by the outreach approach, the

priority audiences will adopt and repeat the desired behavior. Then, civil society and the private sector

will support and demand good policies based on sound science. Simultaneously, if identified champions

are empowered and possess EAFM knowledge, then they will deliver messages to priority audiences and

participate in coalitions. If these coalitions reach a common understanding and functionally support

marine conservation policies (supported by SA 5), then they will have a mandate and increased influence.

If all of the above occurs and assuming that there is a transparent mechanism in place for all levels of

government to respond to public demand (supported by SA 4), then there will be more effective

government policies supporting TAs 1-4, and the government will provide the budget for their

implementation. If SA 2 results in the improved management of FMA-715 and MPAs, overfishing,

destructive fishing, and mangrove logging will be reduced.


Figure 8. Strategic Approach 1 Results Chain Diagram


Table 11. Strategic Approach 1: Activities and Outcomes

Strategic Approach 1. Create Demand through Awareness Raising and Advocacy


Cross-

Cutting

Tasks

Task 1: Change behaviors to increase demand for conservation and management

IR: Priority audiences, messages, and channels defined

IR: Outreach materials produced

IR: Champions identified

IR: Stakeholders capacity on EAFM improved (EAFM TOC)


Review and develop stakeholder

map of audiences, proposed

messages and communication

channels

SEA/Core

Team/CTC/

WCS/WWF

National

FMA-715

Stakeholder map (report) on SEA themes and

locations for strategic and potential players

among local governments, community groups,

business sectors and women leader

17-1 to 3 Gender:

identify

women in

the target

audiences

Task 12

SAs 2-5

Facilitate EAFM National Working

Group (NWG) meetings to support

and ensure the operation and

effectiveness of EAFM Learning

Centers in FMA-715

SEA/Core

Team/WWF

National Learning Centers effective at enabling increased

awareness, knowledge sharing, and academic

capacity for EAFM.

Record of meeting or of activity of Learning

Centers.

17-2 to 4 SA 2; TA 1



Cross-

Cutting

Tasks

SEA outreach workshop and

community event directed at all

stakeholders

SEA/CTC FMA-715

Maluku

North Maluku

West Papua

Better understanding/perception and

commitment of local governments and key

stakeholders to SEA project activities

Evidence of messages received and acted upon

17-1 Gender:

identify

women in

the target

audiences

Task 12

SAs 2-5

Design outreach approach and

develop and produce customized

outreach materials

SEA/CTC FMA-715

MPAs

Customized outreach materials produced and

shared

16-4 Task 11

SAs 2-5

Develop outreach materials to

promote coastal resource

management for food security


FMA-715

Maluku

North Maluku

West Papua

Customized outreach materials produced and

shared

17-1 to 4

Task 9

Conduct campaign and advocacy for

EAFM by promoting value and use

of ME&L systems and Atlas

SEA/Core Team FMA-715 Outreach materials developed and shared 17-2 to 3 Tasks 11 and

12

TA 1

SA 5

Support MMAF to advocate and ban

the materials used to conduct blast

fishing

SEA/WWF National

Maluku

West Papua

The result of blast fishing supply chains study

socialized to MMAF

Record of meetings or workshop

17-1 to 4 SA 1

TA 4



Cross-

Cutting

Tasks

Support MMAF and provincial

governments to develop

communications materials of

specific thematic regulations that

will be used for policy socialization

and advocacy in SEA Project sites.

The material will be developed

based on the participatory

assessment


Maluku

North Maluku

West Papua

Strategic and customized communication

material are developed and shared

17-4 TAs 1 – 4

SA 4 and

SA 5

Support MMAF to develop

pocketbook of GOI regulations on

fisheries inspection in implementing

PSM Agreement

SEA/Core Team National Pocketbook of GOI regulations on fisheries

inspection in implementing the PSM Agreement

developed and used by fisheries

inspectors/surveillance officers and port officers

to implement PSM Agreement

Pocket book published

17-1 to 2

TA 4

SA 4 and

SA 5

Provincial

Facilitate increased awareness of

fishers of the need for fisheries

management

SEA/Core

Team/WCS/

MDPI

Maluku

North Maluku

Awareness activities piloted.

a. Record of activity to raise awareness.

a. 17-3 to 4 SA 2;

TA 1



Cross-

Cutting

Tasks

Develop stakeholder map of

audiences, perceptions, baseline,

and communication strategy for

SEA provincial audiences

SEA/WCS Maluku

North Maluku

West Papua

Stakeholder map and communication strategy

for provincial and local levels developed

17-1 to 3 Tasks 9 and

12

Design and implement outreach

approaches with counterparts for

targeted audiences

SEA/WCS Maluku

North Maluku

West Papua

Outreach approach designed

Communications materials developed

At least 3 different outreach approaches

implemented; 1000 people exposed to

outreach program

At least 1000 fishers and local coastal

community members have improved

knowledge of regulations

Record of communication and distribution of

outreach materials

17-1 to 3 Task 14

TA 4

Support awareness campaign of

economic impacts of

illegal/destructive fishing and law

and regulations

SEA/Core

Team/WWF

Maluku Better participation of stakeholders (law

enforcement and gov’t official) in combating

destructive fishing practices in Maluku Province

Evidence of particular stakeholder participation

17-4

TA 4

SA 3


Task 2: Facilitate and support building coalitions and champions

IR: Coalitions and fora identified at the national and local levels



Cross-

Cutting

Tasks

Facilitate and activate national and

provincial working groups and the

coordinating mechanism


Maluku

North Maluku

West Papua

Regular coordination fora between MMAF

and provinces of Maluku, North Maluku

and West Papua established

Effective ongoing SEA coordination

Minutes of meetings

17- 1 to 4 TAs 1-4

SA 4

Identify champions in all target

audiences to amplify messages and

build the constituency for

conservation

SEA/WWF/WCS National

North Maluku

Champions identified and made known 17- 2 to 4 Gender:

identify

women in

the target

audiences

SA 5

Establish and promote First

Responder Network, including

Marine Wildlife Crime Team (for

ETP Species)

SEA/WWF/WCS Maluku

West Papua

North Maluku

First Responder Network and Wildlife Crime

Team established and connected to Komunikasi

Tindak Pidana Perikanan Forum at MMAF

First responder team meeting minutes

17- 1 to 4 TA 4

Capacity building for First

Responder Network and Wildlife

Crime Team members

SEA/WWF/WCS Maluku

West Papua

First Responder Network and Wildlife Crime

Team members possess adequate capacities to

execute action plans

Evidence of apprehension and action

17- 3 to 4 TA 4

SA 5


Provincial


Cross-

Cutting

Tasks

Strengthen the MPA networks

through the development of

targeted communications activities

SEA/CTC/WCS Maluku Targeted communications activities developed

to strengthen MPA networks including field

trips, seminars, comparative study/exchange to

amplify messages and build the constituency for

conservation

Communication tools/messages shared

17- 1 to 4 Gender:

identify

women in

the target

audiences

SAs 2-5

IR of TA4: Stakeholders understand economic and other impacts of illegal actions

Support awareness campaign of

economic impacts of

illegal/destructive fishing as well as

laws and regulations

SEA/Core

Team/WWF

Maluku Better participation by stakeholders in

combating destructive fishing practices in

Maluku Province

Campaign materials of economic impacts of

illegal/destructive fishing as well as laws and

regulations

17-4 TA 4

Executive workshop or training on

aligning marine and fisheries policies

into local government programs and

budgets

SEA/CTC Maluku

Training developed

Awareness of marine and fisheries policies

allignment strengthened and the

incorporation of policies into local

government programs and budgets improved

Coalition among Maluku Province with the

CTI-CFF Local Government Network

strengthened

Workshop reports

17-3

Task 2

SA 4


7.2 STRATEGIC APPROACH 3: INCREASE INCENTIVES FOR MARINE

STEWARDSHIP

The existing incentive structure surrounding marine resources does not address declining fish stocks

(IUU, the lack of enforcement, and over-fishing in general), poor handling practices that lead to low

pricing, or other factors. SEA’s SA 1 will begin to address these elements by improving the knowledge

and attitudes of all actors so that they support and demand new actions concerning conservation and

sustainable fishing. This will enable a paradigm shift in the incentive structures so that people can tangibly

benefit from conservation actions. For example, helping fishers within target MPAs catch more fish with

less fishing and facilitating sufficient fees from tourists can enable communities to manage MPAs and

other conservation areas appropriately without damaging livelihoods. These improvements within

integrated management plans and increased co-benefits lead to strong co-management of resources and

a shared vision among stakeholders, government at all levels, and the public that embraces the same

principles.

The target audience for incentives includes communities, local governments, the private sector, and local

NGOs, and potential incentives include increases in revenue from sustainable business development,

infrastructure, food security, government tax revenues, increased household income, environmental

quality, social benefits, prestige, and leverage.

The activities (Table 12) related to this strategic approach address Task 6 (Table 5), and the anticipated

life-of-project results include the following:

Performing market analyses for sustainable marine products

Developing private, public partnerships

Improving the social, economic and ecological well-being of people

Engaging with all strategic partners for leverage

Determining and advertising incentives.


The SEA Project will focus on three pathways for increasing incentives for marine stewardship (Figure

9). The first involves building the prestige of the GOI around law enforcement. If the activities under SA

1 increase the prestige of the national government, then there will be an increase in the number of

government and public champions for conservation and Indonesia will have a stronger status in regional

fora. If this improved standing leads to an increased budget for law enforcement, then there will be a

decrease in illegal fishing, and overfishing will be reduced.

The second pathway involves developing markets and ecotourism. If a market analysis identifies markets

for sustainably harvested marine products and private sector stakeholders in the project area, then the

private sector will agree to buy legal and sustainably harvested products, which will be sold at a higher

price. Simultaneously, by subsidizing fishers to convert to legal and sustainable gear, fishers will agree to

comply with FMA regulations. Thus, buyers can be assured of fish that are legally caught using more

sustainable practices. If, at the same time, the relevant stakeholders manage access to fishing areas, then

fishers will receive more money for higher quality, sustainably harvested fish, leading to improved

fisheries management (SA 2). Similarly, if tourism opportunities are identified and the private sector is

willing to improve management practices to reduce direct threats to biodiversity, then fisheries

management will be improved, and there will be less use of destructive fishing practices.


The final pathway is focused on the preservation of critical mangrove habitat. If, as a result of SA 1, local

communities are made aware of the value of mangrove forests, then communities, local governments,

and the private sector will see increased opportunities for the use and management of mangroves, which

will lead local governments to increase mangrove co-management and protection. If mangroves are well-

managed and protected, communities will develop food products, which will lead to alternative incomes

based on mangrove protection and reduced mangrove logging.


Table 12. Strategic Approach 3: Activities and Outcomes

Strategic Approach 3. Increase Incentives for Marine Stewardship


Cross-

Cutting

Tasks

Task 7: Engage partners and leverage resources to achieve conservation, management, and market reform objectives.

Task 8. Increase the ancillary benefits available to stakeholders to enhance their participation and commitment to stewardship within the

target area.

Task 9: Develop and implement FTF intervention and mechanism to improve fisheries productivity

IR: Markets for sustainably harvested fisheries resources identified

IR: Opportunities for improving existing ecotourism identified

IR: Fishers (<30GT) agree to comply with FMA Regulations and/or standard requirements for legally harvested product (EAFM TOC)

National

Develop White Paper on feasibility,

opportunities, and challenges for

marine ecotourism

SEA/WWF/

WCS/Marine

Change

National

FMA-715

Feasibility study on marine tourism, at both

industrial and community scales, is available

17-2 to 4 Task 12

Identify opportunities for

community-based tourism

SEA/WWF/

WCS/Marine

Change

National

FMA-715

Selected community-based tourism groups

identified and begun to be organized

List of community groups and plans

17-3 to 4 Task 12

Review and analysis of existing

fisheries subsidies and

implementation status in target areas

SEA/WWF FMA-715

Provincial

Fisheries subsidies working group established

in one of the target provinces.

The existing fisheries subsidies status and

recommendations for improvement are

available for one of the targeted provinces

17-1 to 4 Task 12



Cross-

Cutting

Tasks

Provide recommendations for

fisheries subsidies guidelines to be

implemented at national and targeted

provincial levels

SEA/WWF National

Provincial

The revised Positive Fisheries Subsidies

guidelines are available to serve as reference to

establish national and provincial level regulations

Subsidies report

17-3 to 4 SA 4

Analyze GOI small-scale fishery and

market analysis

SEA/Core

Team/WCS

National

Provincial:

North Maluku,

Jakarta, East Java,

Bali, North Sulawesi

District:

Central Halmahera,

South Halmahera,

Ternate, Tidore

Market data and analysis report produced.

Review and build on case studies from similar

schemes


12

Provincial

Identify opportunities for private

sector engagement for improved

fisher livelihoods

SEA/Core

Team/MDPI

Maluku

North Maluku

West Papua

Opportunities for private sector engagement

identified and shared in report

17-1 to 4 SA 2; TA 1

.

Engage private sector in improved

fisheries management

SEA/MDPI Maluku

North Maluku

Commitment from private sector partners

obtained and targeted communities socialized

Report on private sector engagement

17-1 to 4 SA2; TA 1

Develop and implement Feed the

Future (FTF) to improve fisheries

productivity

a) Local community projects

b) Baselines of local fisheries and

community development

c) Develop criteria for beneficiaries

d) Identify partners and

beneficiaries

SEA/Core

Team

FMA-715

Provincial

District

Baseline data and local projects contribute to

improved management and benefits to

communities

Benefits monitored and reported

17-1 to 4 Gender:

target

women for

inclusion

Tasks 9 and

14


7.3 STRATEGIC APPROACH 4: ADVANCE THE DEVELOPMENT OF MARINE

AND FISHERIES POLICIES AND REGULATIONS

This strategic approach proposes to reduce the level of overfishing and promote sustainable fisheries

management through the development of policies and regulations that support MSP and the effective

management of FMAs, MPAs, managed access, and community tenure rights.

The activities related to this strategic approach address Task 6 (Table 5, Table 13), and the anticipated

life-of-project results include the following:

Establishing a communications plan to share lessons from SEA Project areas with GOI ministries

and around Indonesia, including a web platform for success stories and training materials

Assisting the coordinating ministries (MMAF, Forestry and Nature Conservation, Finance, and

Public Works, among others such as BAPPENAS) to implement a structured policy dialogue on

marine resource management

Embedding SEA consultants in the MMAF and local co-management units to facilitate the

evolution and harmonization of vertical and horizontal policy issues, particularly to inform

national and provincial policy, law, and regulations with local realities

Facilitating improved enforcement and translation of applicable national regulations to local

regulations for many new regulations coming from the minister, such as a trawl ban moratorium

for large fishing fleets, minimum sizes for lobster, and manta protection

Facilitating appropriate south-to-south support from other regional EAFM programs, including

engaging with programs in the Philippines

Developing communication/coordination forums among universities, government agencies,

NGOs, corporations, and fisher communities.


At the national, provincial, and district levels, the SEA team believes it is necessary to analyze the

capacity and status of the policy themes and identify the associated policy and regulatory gaps. Forums

for dialogue must be identified, strengthened, or created and then better integrated into the policy

development process.

To influence this process at the national level, it is necessary to ensure that the consequences of Law 23

are understood and that options for vertical integration are developed. Additionally, the results of a case

study from the project area will be used to provide recommendations to the Ministry of Home Affairs.

At the provincial level, it is necessary that the governments approve the national strategy for policy

development and that consensus among the stakeholders on the implementation of the policies and

regulations related to the SEA themes be reached through a consultation process. The policies and

regulations must then be introduced to the relevant authority, which will adopt them. Finally, the

improved policies must be socialized and implemented (supported by SA 1).

Thus, the theory of change can be explicitly stated as follows. Assuming that the consequences of Law

23 are understood and the Ministry of Home Affairs accepts the MMAF and SEA Project

recommendations and if consultations lead to consensus among stakeholders (supported by SAs 1 and

2) on the implementation of policies or regulations on the SEA TAs, then the responsible agency will

introduce these policies or regulations to the relevant authority, which will adopt the improved policies

and regulations. If improved SEA TA policies and regulations are adopted by the relevant authority, then

the capacity for FMA and MPA management and MSP will be enhanced. If management capacity at all


levels of governance is enhanced, then integrated national- and provincial-level FMAs, MPAs, and MSPs

will be designed using a participatory approach. If this leads to more effective fisheries and marine

management in FMAs, provincial waters, and MPAs (SA 2), then overfishing will decline.


Table 13. Strategic Approach 4: Advance the Development of Marine and Fisheries Policies and Regulations

Strategic Approach 4. Advance the Development of Marine and Fisheries Policies and Regulations


Cross-

Cutting

Tasks

Task 6: Facilitate dialogue on further policy, legal, and regulatory needs for the marine and fisheries sector

IR: Capacity and status of policies and regulations improved

IR: Fora for policy dialogue identified or created

IR: Policy and legal gaps identified in all themes (National and Provincial)

IR: Consequences of Law 23 understood and options for implementation developed



governments to conduct

participatory regulatory

assessments to analyze the status of

national and district regulations and

policies on MPA, EAFM, and MSP,

and the existing policy and

regulation mechanisms,

stakeholders, and their capacity.


Maluku

North Maluku

West Papua

The core regulations that will be assessed are

Law No. 31/2004 jo Law No. 45/2009 on

fisheries, Law No. 27/2008;

Law No. 27/2007 jo Law No. 1/2014 on Coastal

and Small Islands Management (related to MPA

management and MSP)

Law No. 7/2016 on Protection and

Empowerment of Fisherman, Fish Farmers, and

Salt Farmers

Analysis completed

Stakeholder capacity building on systematic

impact-oriented regulatory assessment can

be initiated

MMAF can use the analysis as one of

materials for the development of an

academic paper on the Amendment of the

Law on Fisheries

17-1 to 2 Tasks 12

TAs 1-4



Cross-

Cutting

Tasks

Support/facilitate meetings at the

national level to establish the Norma

Standar Prosedur Kriteria (NSPK) for

UU No 23 Year 2014

SEA/Core

Team/WWF

National NSPK available and Presidential

Decree/Ministerial Decree to implement Law

No 23 Year 2014

Copy of law or record of meetings to amend.

17-1 to 4 SA 2; TA 1


governments to develop

communication materials on specific

thematic regulations that will be

used for policy socialization and

advocacy in SEA Project sites


Maluku

North Maluku

West Papua

Strategic and customized communication

materials developed based on the participatory

assessment

17-4 TAs 1-4

SA 1 and SA

5

Support MMAF to develop policy

paper on priority Norms, Standards,

Procedures, and Criteria of Law

No. 23/2014 that will be urgently

needed in SEA Project sites


Maluku

North Maluku

West Papua

Papua

Central Java

Riau Islands

(Natuna)

Policy paper developed

Policy network on marine and fisheries,

consisting of MMAF, Ministry of Home

Affairs (MoHA), and provinces

strengthened

MMAF and can use MMAF and MoHA

policy paper as one of materials for NSPK

development process

17-1 to 4 TAs 1 - 4


pocketbook of GOI regulations on

fisheries inspection in implementing

PSM Agreement

SEA/Core Team National Pocketbook of GOI regulations on fisheries

inspection in implementing PSM Agreement

developed and used by fisheries

inspectors/surveillance officers and port officers

to implement PSM Agreement

Pocket book published

17-1 to 2 TA 4

SA 5


protocols for data sharing under the

One Data Initiative

SEA/Core Team National Protocols developed and shared 17-4 TAs 1 – 4

SA 5



Cross-

Cutting

Tasks

Provincial

Support provincial governments to

develop policy paper (policy

recommendations) to initiate and

develop the new and existing MPA

areas and network

SEA/Core Team Maluku

North Maluku

West Papua (refer

to MPA work plan)

Policy paper (policy recommendations) to

initiate and develop the new and existing MPA

areas and network developed to strengthen

MPA management in SEA Project areas

17-4 TA 2

Support provincial governments in

legislation process for Perda

RZWP3K and incorporate

provisions on fisheries, MPA areas

and MPA network into the Perda

RZWP3K

SEA/Core Team Maluku (refer to

MSP work plan)

Policy recommendations on fisheries areas,

MPA areas and MPA network incorporated into

the draft Perda RZWP3K

Perda complete

17-4 TAs 1 - 3


7.4 STRATEGIC APPROACH 5: INSTITUTIONALIZE TRAINING AND

CAPACITY BUILDING

The success of the SEA Project will depend on the availability of resources to support the continuing

improvement of project implementation including a consistent system of scientific research and

assessment, continual updating of knowledge of best practices and new technologies, and the capacity to

disseminate new information, skills, and other support at national, regional, and local levels. Building on

our systems approach, SEA will facilitate the institutionalization of capacity-building resources for marine

resources management, including training of MMAF and other GOI staff (including extension agents),

building the organizational and human capacity of NGOs/CSOs and community groups, working closely

with universities, and ensuring that improvements are used for decision-making and management.

Our approach focuses on institutionalizing human and organizational capacity that can be replicated,

scaled-up, and is sustainable. The CTC’s Training and Learning Network and Senior Curriculum

Specialists based in Ambon will build on the experiences of past programs to work with our SEA team,

MMAF, USAID, and other partners such as NOAA, as appropriate, to clearly define a training plan for

the life of SEA. This will include training and capacity requirements at the national, regional, and local

levels and an annual plan (updated quarterly) for rolling out activities.

Anticipated activities (Table 14) include:

Building the capacity of local training institutions (e.g., fisheries training centers, universities)

Implementing training on conservation, MPAs, fisheries management and extension

Using existing materials from IMACS, MPAG, ECOFISH, CTC, etc.

Coordinating with the University Partnership Program, STI, MMAF training, etc.

Using STIP as appropriate

Understanding and mapping the starting context in the project area

Establishing a baseline for key indicators

Coordinating with GOI, USAID (other projects), and other donor programs in the marine

sector

SEA Project communication and outreach at all levels

Linking to ASEAN (if appropriate) and CTI


To design and implement training on conservation, MPAs, and fisheries management (Task 10) at the

national level, training needs and institutional capacity assessments must be performed. If the

competencies and gaps are known and the training institutions are identified, then new curricula will be

developed, and existing curricula will be enriched. Assuming the national government endorses the

curriculum, includes training in its annual action and program plans, and allocates funds for capacity

building, then a cadre of institutions and trainers will be certified. Through training of trainers (ToT), the

capacity of existing trainers will be increased, and extension officers, MPA rangers, planners, and

fisheries managers with enter the learning network.

Assuming that the competencies are known and gaps identified at the community level and there are

criteria in place to select trainees, the national-level trainers will provide trainings to the communities,

whose trainees will apply their skills in marine resource management. These trained managers at the

national and community levels with improve ecosystem management of FMA-715 and the MPAs (SA 2),

thus reducing overfishing, destructive fishing, and mangrove logging.


To build the capacity of stakeholders to assess performance and become a learning network (Task 13), a

desktop baseline assessment must be performed to identity monitoring needs. If a monitoring plan is

developed, then a timeline for monitoring indicators can be determined. By supporting data collection,

SEA will enable stakeholders to regular collect data, which will be reviewed and evaluated, and the

monitoring plan will be adapted. If these results are met, then the government will fulfill the KPI

requirements and communicate the results to the public, thus contributing to SA 1. This will lead to

improved ecosystem management of FMA-715 and the MPAs (SA 2), thus reducing overfishing,

destructive fishing, and mangrove logging.


Table 14. Strategic Approach 5 Activities and Outcomes

Strategic Approach 5. Institutionalize Training and Capacity Building for Fisheries Management and Marine Conservation


Cross-

Cutting

Tasks

Task 10: Design and implement training on conservation, MPAs, and fisheries management and strengthen the capacity of marine

extension programs

Task 13: Build the capacity of stakeholders to assess performance and become a ‘learning community’

IR: Target objectives and audiences identified

IR: Competencies identified

IR: Monitoring needs identified (SEA, GOI)

IR: Timeline indicators for monitoring identified

EAFM TOC

IR: Socio and economics data identified, collected and analyzed

IR: Capacity of provincial and national governments for EAFM improved

IR: Stakeholders including government enumerators and extension service, fishers, private sector and NGOs engagement and capacity for

EAFM improved

IR: National Committee for Stock Assessment has greater capacity

IR: Stock assessments carried out with additional data compiled from the private sector, NGOs, etc.

IR: Data improved and stock assessment carried out

IR: Government with stakeholders will use results to revise (management) plan (MSP TOC)

IR: Info / data for MSP is available

IR: GoI enforcement units focus their resources in FMA 715 (LE TOC)

IR: Need for Capacity Building in Law Enforcement better understood

National

Build awareness of the value of

developing periodic monitoring

baselines for adaptive management

in SEA themes and target sites

Task 13


FMA-715

Communications and outreach performed

Record of outreach activities

17-3

17-2

Tasks 11 and

12, 13



Cross-

Cutting

Tasks

Develop the SEA performance

monitoring system plan with

standard data and indicators to

track the implementation of FMP,

MSP, and MPA activities


FMA-715

Monitoring system plan developed in

collaboration with national and local

counterparts and the One Data team to agree

on parameters, protocols, and where the data

will be institutionalized

16-4 to

17-1

Tasks 11 and

12

Create and train teams to collect

baseline data from stakeholders


FMA-715

Teams formed and trained

Record of baseline team work and data collected

17-1 to 2 Tasks 11,12,

and 13

Work with NGOs, relevant national

and local governments and other

stakeholders to collect baseline data

through contracts and with shared

oversight from SEA and

MMAF/DKP provincial staff

Task 13


FMA-715

Create and publish the SEA Baseline Report 16-4 to

17-4

Tasks 11 and

12

Compile, analyze, and upload the

TIME=0 baseline data from the SEA

Project to the One Data platform

or system, the SEA Portal, and

other platforms as relevant

Task 13


FMA-715

Data compiled, analyzed, and uploaded 17-4 Tasks 11 and

12

Indentify needs and gaps for

economic, social, cultural, and value

chain studies to support the

development of harvest strategy

(FMPs) and supply chain

improvement

SEA/Core

Team/WWF/

WCS/MDPI

National Series of meetings and workshops.

Gaps and needs identified to support the

development of harvest strategy/fishery

management plans

Record of meetings and workshop

17-1 to 2 Task 4

SA 2; TA 1



Cross-

Cutting

Tasks

Improve capacity of stakeholders,

including local government,

research centers and universities, to

develop performance monitoring

systems, conduct monitoring, and

utilize the results with future

projects and SEA ME&L activities


FMA-715

Training materials developed for different

audiences and trainings conducted to improve

monitoring

Evidence of training materials

17-1 to 4 Task 11and

Task 13

Institutionalization of Port State

Measures (PSM) Inspector Training

SEA/Core

Team/NOAA

National At least 20 Fisheries Inspectors and Port

Officers trained to implement PSMA

PSM Training Standardization Plan

Standardized Inspector Competency to

implement PSM Agreement

Competency-based Training Curricula for PSM

Inspector Training

Training reports

16-4 to

17-3

TA 4


Support workshop on National

Data System Case studies


Provincial

Workshop held and example developed for one

province

Workshop report


12

Review data sharing protocols and

legal standing and provide options

for One Data legal steps


Provincial

Analysis completed and report available 17-1 to 2

Task 12

Support development of data

management standardization in

accordance with the One Data

Initiative, including promoting and

improving I-Fish as the fishery data

management platform

SEA/Core Team/

MDPI

National

Maluku

North Maluku

West Papua

Coordination meetings conducted, and several

existing database management systems

consolidated

Meeting reports

17-2 to 4 Task 3

SA 2; TA 1



Cross-

Cutting

Tasks

Conduct analysis of gaps and

capacity needs of national and

provincial government agencies

including the state of coordination

and integration systems among the

agencies for improved vertical

integration for implementation of

715 FMPs, control, and monitoring.

The activity also include scoping

study to identify SEA-Project areas

for interventions.

SEA/Core

Team/WCS/

WWF

National

Maluku

North Maluku

West Papua

Analysis completed and reports available to be

used to establish baseline status of the capacity

of national-level government agencies to

implement EAFM and RPP in FMA-715

Baseline reports

17-1 to 3 Task 3

SA 2; TA 1

SA 4

Review and strengthen collaborative

products and practices for data

sharing inputs into the One Data

Initiative:

a. Support and coordinate update

of comparative review of LIPI,

Ministry of Forestry, MMAF,

Baden Pusat Statistics and

provincial data management

systems to inform One Data

and SEA reporting

b. Support improving MPA inputs

into the One Data system with

management indicators

c. Facilitate collection and

uploading of monitoring data

sets from new and existing

MPAs into the One Data

system

d. Review and compile local

wisdom/knowledge and

practices (including LMMA)

SEA/Core Team

National

FMA-715

Maluku

North Maluku

West Papua

a. Workshop held and existing system

reviewed with agreed GOI recommended

framework in Report/White Paper. Links to

One Data Initiative. Work shop report.

b. Strengthened data tools developed for

adaptive management

c. Pilot data sets collected (in part with trained

MMAF extension officers as enumerators),

and submitted/included in the One Data

system for MMAF

Report/White Paper as input to SEA activity and

provincial/local planning, included in BASELINE

Reports

a. 17-1 to

2

b. 17-1 to

2

c. 17-1 to

3

17-1 to 3

Tasks 11 and

12



Cross-

Cutting

Tasks

Conduct supply chain mapping and

analysis of the illegal material for

blast fishing in FMA-715

SEA/WWF FMA-715 Supply chain mapping and analysis available that

includes:

a) Distribution flow, traders, and actors behind

the illegal material for the blast fishing trade

b) Scientific justification for the use of specific

fertilizer as the main ingredient for blast

fishing

MoV: Assessment Report of supply chain of the

illegal material for blast fishing in FMA-715

17-4 TA4

SA4

Support the development of

provincial MPA/EAFM networks and

FMA-715 MPA/EAFM Networks

through 2-step process:

a. Conduct scoping studies and

gap analysis of needs for

MPA/EAFM new or expanded

sites with stakeholders, more

detailed desktop reviews, and

simple, larger-scale field

biophysical, governance, and

fisheries survey

b. Provide technical assistance to

GOI in designing MPA network

for 715 and provinces using gap

analysis, ecological design,

fisheries priorities and

BASELINE Reports

SEA/Core

Team/CTC/

WWF/WCS

FMA-715

Maluku

North Maluku

West Papua

a. Workshops and Reports of MPA/EAFM Gap

analysis for each of the three provinces and

FMA-715.

b. Workshops and Consultations with experts

leading to MPA Network design

acknowledged by GOI for each Province and

overall FMA-715

Record of workshops and consultations

Workshop reports

7-1 to 4

17-3 to 4

TA 1, TA 2

Support the development of the

FMA-715 EAFM Learning Center to

increase local academic capacities

and awareness

SEA/Core

Team/WWF

Maluku Work plan refined and strategy for enhancing

academic capabilities identified.

Work plan published

17-2 to 4 SA 2; TA 1

SA 1



Cross-

Cutting

Tasks

Develop curriculum and modules

based on TNA results:

a. Develop curriculum and

module

b. Conduct trial training

SEA/CTC National Single draft national competency-based

curriculum and module on conservation is

developed and tested

17-3 to 4 TA 2

Institutionalize training and capacity

building (based on TNA results) at

MMAF Training Center (Ambon,

Bitung, and Tegal):

a. Identify widyaiswara,

practitioners, academicians for

ToT participants

b. Deliver ToT and assess

monitor trainer competency

c. Establish mechanism for

training implementation

(training delivery and pool of

trainers)

SEA/CTC National

Provincial

Maluku

North Maluku

North Sulawesi

Central Java

Cohorts of potential trainer at each MMAF

training center

At least 20 widyaiswara trained and certified in

marine and fisheries competency

A joint work plan document for training

implementation and budget allocation for

marine and fisheries capacity building

produced

Training report

17-1 to 4

TAs 1 - 4

Provincial

Conduct socio-economic, cultural

(including traditional norms in

fishery management, such as sasi)

and supply chain data collection and

analysis

SEA core team/

WWF/WCS/

MDPI

Maluku

North Maluku

West Papua

Data collected and analyzed in report 17-3 to 4 Task 4

SA 2; TA 1



Cross-

Cutting

Tasks

Conduct biophysical, governance

and socio-economic field surveys

(Includes cetacean surveys in

Maluku, fisheries sites) as baseline

data collection for design and

adaptive management of potential

individual MPA/EAFM sites and

networks (related to national

compilation and networks)

Site list is in Appendix 1

SEA/CTC/WCS/

WWF

FMA-715

Maluku

NEW: Buano,

Pantai Ora,

Valentin Strait,

Bula (Fish 1º)

EXISTING:

Banda, Koon-

Neiden

North Maluku

NEW: P.

Lifmatola, 2 in

Morotai)

EXISTING: P.

Widi, P. Guraici,

P. Jiew, P. Mare,

P. Rao

West Papua

NEW: Fak Fak,

Bintuni, S. Sorong

(TBD after

scoping)

EXISTING:

Sorong

Biophysical, governance and socio-economic

BASELINE report available as input for

MPA/network design, site development and to

link with EAFM surveys

Findings disseminated through provincial and

community workshops

MPA profiles developed and shared


12

TAs 1, 2


Activities Implementer Geography Target Output and Means of

Verification Timeline

Cross-

Cutting

Tasks

Facilitate marine spatial data

collection for each province,

including assessment and

integration of the data into a spatial

database platform at the provincial

government level

SEA/Core

Team/WWF/WCS

Maluku

North Maluku

West Papua

Marine spatial data for island cluster 1, 2,

3, 4, 5, 7, and 8 in Maluku collected.

Marine spatial data for South Halmahera,

North Halmahera, and West Halmahera in

North Maluku collected

Marine spatial data for the identified

district in West Papua collected

(potentially in South Sorong, Fak Fak and

Bintuni Bay)

Spatial database platform established and

running

MoV: MSP data set for SEA areas as agreed

with Provincial Working Group and MMAF

17-1 to 2 TA 3

Competence-based training of

Marine Conservation Officers

(training for planners, managers,

and officers)

SEA/CTC Maluku

North Maluku 25 MPA key stakeholders (managers and

practitioners) trained on basic MPA

competency

50 fisheries extension officers trained in

Conservation and Sustainable Fisheries

competency

20 alumni (MPA managers and staff) certified

MPA managers/personel trained on basic

MPA and conservation based competency

Fisheries extension officers trained

Training reports

17-3 to 4 TA 2

Training on Fish Catch Data

Collection

SEA/Core

Team/WCS

North Maluku

District

Data enumerators are trained in Fish Catch

Data Collection

Record of training

17-1 to 2 TA 2

Training on combating ETP wildlife

trade for judiciaries and law

enforcement Agencies (including

POKMASWAS, PPNS, and police)


District

Judiciaries and law enforcement agencies are

trained on combating ETP wildlife trade

Record of training

17-2 TA 4


Cross-

Cutting

Tasks


Preliminary survey (identification of

threats, rapid survey, site-based

research) for ETP wildlife trade


District

ETP wildlife trade network identified and

priority mitigation or combating actions

recommended

MoV: Assessment Report of Wildlife Trade

Network in WPP 715 and Recommendation

of Priority Actions

17-2

TA4


8.0 MANAGEMENT APPROACH

8.1 COLLABORATION AND COORDINATION

The SEA management approach will provide the strong administration and coordination needed to

implement project activities across the three provinces and the multiple levels of governance, including

coordination and collaboration with ongoing programs in our target areas and across Indonesia so that

the overall impacts on conservation, fisheries management, and improved governance will be amplified.

Work planning and implementation will be coordinated with relevant initiatives, particularly those of the

local governments and NGOs in Maluku, North Maluku, and West Papua. The SEA outreach and

communications program will post results and provide access to training curricula and other reports to

facilitate cross-programmatic learning; we will facilitate relationships with other potential implementing

partners to ensure efficient and effective implementation during the project. The SEA communication

program will be become operational soon after the project has a communications director onboard.

SEA will meet monthly with sub-contractors and other close project partners to ensure collaboration

and coordination among the project implementers. As part of our annual work planning process, SEA

will develop a Partner Communication and Coordination Plan, which will describe relevant activities

with goals and targets for effective collaboration with partners over the coming year. This will provide

the team with a chance to reflect on successful collaboration over the previous year as well as to

identify new potential partners and activities that overlap with the project scope. Table 15 illustrates

potential synergies between SEA and USG programs and other foundation and donor initiatives.

Table 15. Potential Collaboration with Other Programs and Partners

Program Potential Collaboration

STIP Program Train marine scientists and government, support marine research, media campaigns,

contests for innovative marine conservation approaches; marine PPPs.

USAID’s DG

Programming

Incorporate lessons learned at national level to increase government accountability,

combat corruption, and achieve greater transparency in decision-making and funding.

COREMAP-CTI

Program

Joint planning sessions and implementation of training and outreach to local government,

NGOs/CSOs, and coastal communities to achieve a sustainable marine-based economy

and healthy coral reef ecosystems.

NOAA Provision of technical assistance and training for EAFM, MPA, and MSP objectives.

USAID’s Climate

Resiliency Program

Coordinate with APIK implementers to support healthy marine ecosystems, including

technical support to MMAF and other government stakeholders.

USAID

Environment

Activities

Coordinate with USAID IFACS/LESTARI on data collection, resource governance, public

awareness, and capacity building activities.

USAID RDMA

OCEANS Program

Harmonize subnational, national, and regional CDT efforts; avoid redundancy; leverage

impact for sustainable fisheries and marine conservation.

Conservation

Foundations

Coordinate with foundations and implementing partners to support government and

civil society capacity building towards sustainability of marine reserves and fisheries.

Global Environment

Facility (GEF)

GEF will support a new fisheries project that partially overlaps with the SEA Project

area and thus coordination is important

All key personnel will liaise with project partners on their respective tasks and strategic approaches, and

the Chief of Party (COP) will ensure that activities and inputs are coordinated across the project tasks.

Tetra Tech maintains partnerships with organizations that are able to address issues impacting


sustainable fisheries, marine conservation, and alternative livelihoods in Indonesia. Tetra Tech is in the

process of identifying other local partners through a competitive process to implement discrete

activities under SEA. As the prime contractor, Tetra Tech will provide technical and administrative

leadership and integrate the work of all SEA subcontractors, ensuring collaboration among staff and

across geographies. Subcontractor staff are currently being integrated into the SEA team under a single

work plan (Appendix 6). The SEA deliverables from the Core Team and the partners for the first 18

months are shown in Tables 16 and 17, respectively.

Table 16. Summary of Project Management and Coordination Activities and SEA Core Team

Deliverables

Activity Lead Quarter

1 2 3 4 5+6

Planning workshop on TOC, work plan and ME&L plan AW and

Team

X

Initial socialization of the SEA Project with local partners

and work planning session

TG and Team X X X

Implementation of rapid baseline assessment finalized

and tentative plan developed for full baseline assessment

ST X X

SEA Staff & Subcontractor strategic vision, including

national-level overview

AW and TG X X

Follow up with key stakeholders and subcontractors to

refine the first 18-month work plan and ME&L plan

TG, AW and

Team

X X

First SEA Project work plan submitted and refined AW, TG, NG X X

SEA Project ME&L plan completed KC and AW X

Begin implementation of full baseline assessment

(finalized by December 2016)

ST X X X

Socialization of project in three provinces combined

with “boot-camp” planning sessions in collaboration

with local partners and MMAF for stakeholder analysis

and threat assessment

TG, USAID

and NGOs

X X

Planning/training sessions with each subcontractor to

develop detailed field work plans and to determine gaps

in capacity within contracted and partner organizations

AW, TG,

Team

X X X X

Annual Budget synchronization and leveraging CDT X X

Recruitment of staff for key SEA positions AW and TG X X X X

Locate and move into SEA office spaces AW, TG, and

NGOs

X

X

X

X

X

X

Contractual deliverables:

Mobilization and quick-start plan

First 18-month work plan

Preliminary Baseline Background Report

Monitoring, Evaluation & Learning Plan

Quarter reports

Procurement Plan

Prepare annual ME&L Results

Team

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

AW: Alan White, TG: Tiene Gunawan, ST: Stacey Tighe, NG: Nathan Gregory


Table 17. Summary of SEA Project Deliverables by Partner

No. CTC Deliverables

Strategic Approach 1: Create Demand Through Awareness Raising and Advocacy

1 Report: Report of 150 stakeholders identified who will help create demand for

marine conservation and sustainable fisheries management. CLIN 1

2 Report: Baseline assessment report on audiences, messages and channels and

design of outreach approaches

CLIN 1

3 Document: Five customized outreach materials CLIN 1

4 Report: Activity report of 2-day workshop and community event for outreach

and campaign

CLIN 1

5 Report: Activity Report of 1-Day Training for Local Government Executives CLIN 4

6 Report: Gaps of Local Government Planning and Budgeting Regarding EAFM,

MPA, and Marine Spatial Planning

CLIN 1

7 Document: Three (3) Targeted communications activities to support the

Maluku MPA Network

CLIN 1

8 Document: Method and team to assess and build capacity for the alignment of

local government program

CLIN 4

Strategic Approach 2: Improve Ecosystem Management of FMA-715 and MPAs

Technical Approach 2: Marine Protected Areas Management

9 Report: Biophysical and socio-economic survey assessment report for Buano

Island (Valentine Strait) – West Seram Sea

CLIN 2

10 Report: Cetacean survey report for Seram Sea and Banda Sea CLIN 2

11 Report: Gaps and existing status Maluku MPA Network development CLIN 2

12 Report: Results of scoping study of new candidate MPAs in North Maluku CLIN 2

13 Report: Results of biophysical and socio economic survey of Morotai and

Lifmatola Islands

CLIN 2

14 Document: MPA Management Plan of one of the members of the North

Maluku MPA Network

CLIN 2

15 Document: Agreement from stakeholders on the North Maluku MPA network

development

CLIN 2

16 Report : Community patrol at Ay – Rhun MPA implementation CLIN 2

17 Document: Business Plan for Ay-Rhun Islands MPA CLIN 3

Strategic Approach 5: Institutionalize Training and Capacity Building for Fisheries Management

and Marine Conservation

18 Document/Report: review and update status and institutional capacity (for

Activity 1 and 2) link with SA1, SA2

CLIN 4

19 Document: draft competency curriculum and modules that has been through

trial training (for Activity 2)

CLIN 4

20 Report: Pool of new trainers and joint work plan document (Activity 3 – 5) CLIN 4

21 Report: # training participants, increase knowledge, training satisfaction and

evaluation (Activity 6)

CLIN 4

22 Document: database of certified training graduates and follow up (Activity 7) CLIN 4

23 Document: consolidated lessons learnt in capacity building CLIN 4

No. WCS Deliverables


1 Materials: One communication materials available CLIN 1

Strategic Approach 2. Improve Ecosystem Management of FMA-715 and MPAs


2 Assessment Report : Fisheries profile of North Maluku Province CLIN 2

3 Assessment Report : Fisheries supply chain and market analysis CLIN 2

4 SK of Fisheries management planning task force of North Maluku CLIN 2

5 Assessment Report: Transition strategy of fisheries management authority CLIN 2



6 Manual/guideline: Fisheries catch data monitoring manual for North Maluku

(based on agreed methods across USAID-SEA project sites).

CLIN 2

7 Activity Report: Training report on fish catch data collecting CLIN 2

8 Database: Fish catch database CLIN 2

Technical Approach 2. Marine Protected Areas Management

9 Assessment Report: Critical habitat for conservation and protection in North

Maluku

CLIN 2

10 Assessment Report: Ecological survey CLIN 5

11 Assessment Report: Socioeconomic survey CLIN 5

12 Assessment Report: MPA profile of North Maluku CLIN 5

13 Database: Ecological survey CLIN 5

14 Database: Socioeconomic survey CLIN 5

15 Assessment Report: Institutional analysis on establishment of MPA

management body in North Maluku

CLIN 2

16 Document: Roadmap to improve MPA management effectiveness in North

Maluku

CLIN 2

17 SK of working group of MPA management planning CLIN 2

18 Activity report: Progress report of MPA management planning, CLIN 2


19 Legal statement from provincial government on new or reactivation of

MSP working group in North Sulawesi (SK)

CLIN 2

20 Activity Report: Training report on MSP and marine cadaster data CLIN 4

21 Database: Spatial database available at Bappedas of North Maluku CLIN 2

22 Progress report: Spatial analysis process for MSP in North Maluku CLIN 2

23 Activity Report: Training report on MSP and marine cadaster data CLIN 4


24 Assessment Report: Socioeconomic assessment on drivers of compliance in

North Maluku, and recommendation for communication strategy

CLIN 2

25 Assessment Report: Feasibility study of developing community based

surveillance and law enforcement system in North Maluku

CLIN 2

26 Document: Roadmap for establishment of community based surveillance

system in North Maluku

CLIN 2

27 Manual/guideline: SOP of community based surveillance CLIN 2

28 Document: Agreement on formal law enforcement collaboration for North

Maluku

CLIN 2

29 Assessment Report: Assessment of wildlife trade network in FMA-715 and

recommendation of priority actions

CLIN 5

30 Document: Agreement on communication mechanism and network for wildlife

crime in North Maluku

CLIN 1

31 Assessment Report: Analysis and recommendation for effective administration

and licensing system in North Maluku

CLIN 2

Strategic Approach 3. Increase Incentives for Marine Stewardship

32 Assessment Report:

33. Basic needs and incentives for fishers to improve marine stewardship,

including recommendation to North Maluku provincial government

CLIN 3

33 Assessment report: Feasibility study on marine tourism business, including

promoting partnership in marine tourism business – For targeted regencies

(Ternate, Tidore, Central Halmahera, South Halmahera) and Morotai.

CLIN 3

34 Assessment report: Training needs assessment CLIN 4

35 Activity reports: MPA101 training for fisheries extension officer CLIN 4

36 Activity reports: MPA101 training for key stakeholders (Ternate) CLIN 4

37 Activity reports: MPA101 training for key stakeholders (Morotai) CLIN 4

38 Activity reports: EAFM training for key stakeholders (Ternate) CLIN 4



39 Activity report: Training for judiciaries and law enforcement agencies CLIN 4

No WWF Deliverables


1 Activity report : First Responder Network and Wildlife Crime Team prepared

in FMA-715 and capacity buildings plan agreed (byctach mitigation, stranding,

species monitoring, etc)

CLIN 1

2 Activity report : Sobat Laut application development and socialization in FMA-

715

CLIN 1

3 Assessment report : Fisheries supply chain mapping in FMA-715, to determine

the potential candidates for Fisheries Improvement Programs (FIPs) that will be

facilitated through the Seafood Savers Program or JARING-Nusantara network

CLIN 1

Strategic Approach 2. Improve Ecosystem Management of FMA-715 and MPAs


4 Document : EAFM Learning Center & EAFM National Working Group Official

Decree

CLIN 2

5 Activity report : FMA-715 management commission development, which

states Learning Center as part of the comission

CLIN 2

6 Document : Work plan of EAFM Learning Center of FMA-715 CLIN 2

7 Assessment report : EAFM and RPP status of FMA-715 (as baseline) and

action plan / recommendation for improvement

CLIN 5

8 Document : Review of draft Pedum of fisheries stock assessment and harvest

control rules

CLIN 2

9 Document : Review of On-board observer data collection and management

system

CLIN 2

10 Assessment report : Fisheries data collection (Length & weight, length

frequency, catch & effort present, catch reconstruction) on seleceted fisheries

on targeted area as part to develop Harvest Control Rule (HCR) & Harvest

Strategy.

1. West Papua Province :

a. Raja Ampat District : trevally, grouper & anchovy,

b. Teluk Bintuni District : mud crab

2. Maluku Province :

a. Seram Bagian Timur District : grouper, snapper, lencam / emperor, parrotfish,

layang / Decapterus sp

b. Maluku Tengah District : grouper

4. North Maluku Province :

a. Ternate : Skipjack tuna, layang / Decapterus sp, tongkol / mackarel tuna,

b. Halmahera Selatan District : Grouper, layang / Decapterus sp, tongkol /

mackarel tuna,

c. Halmahera Tengah District : Grouper, layang / Decapterus sp, tongkol /

mackarel tuna.

CLIN 5

11 Training report : Training on fisheries data collection, related to activity 10. CLIN 4

Technical Approach 2b. Marine Protected Areas Management

12 Document : Koon – Neiden MPA development lesson learned (consist of PES,

RBFM, LMMA, Community Based Tourism, Local MPA development)

CLIN 2

13 Assessment report : Biophysic, social, economic value study available for

MPAs in selected area (as part to develop MPA network) :

1. Koon - Neiden MPA, Seram Bagian Timur District - Maluku Province

2. Pantai Ora MPA, Maluku Tengah District - Maluku Province

3. Teluk Valentine MPA, Seram Bagian Barat District - Maluku Province

CLIN 5


No WWF Deliverables

14 Assessment report : Rapid assessment on Teluk Bintuni – Sorong Selatan –

Fak-Fak as part to determine the next strategy to develop new MPAs

CLIN 5

15 Assessment report : Financing model of MPA management in Koon - Neiden CLIN 5

16 Document : Koon – Neiden MPA management plan, zoning system, and

management institution.

CLIN 5

17 Assessment report : Ecological, sosial, culture, economic studies in Pantai

Ora MPA, as part of required document to fullfill phase 1 of 6 of MPA

development

CLIN 5

18 Assessment report : Ecological, social, cultural, economic studies in Teluk

Valentin MPA, as part of required document to fullfill phase 1 of 6 of MPA

development

CLIN 5

19 Assessment report : Data analysis of Banggai MPA status via Marxan

application

CLIN 5

20 Assesment report : Data analysis of Banggai Kepulauan MPA status via

Marxan application

CLIN 5

Technical Approach 2c. Marine Spatial Planning

21 Activity report : The development process of RZWP3K of Papua Barat

Province

CLIN 2

Technical Approach 2d. Law Enforcement

22 Assessment report : Supply chains mapping & analysis of the illegal material

for blast fishing in FMA-715

CLIN 5

23 Activity report : Socialization of the ilegal material for blast fishing supply

chain study to relevant stakeholders.

CLIN 1

Strategic Approach 3. Increase incentives for marine stewardship

24 Assessment report : Feasibility study on marine tourism business in selected

area of FMA-715 (both industrial & community based tourism)

CLIN 3

25 Assessment report : Identification of community based marine tourism group

in selected area of FMA-715

CLIN 3

26 Activity report : Socialization of Signing Blue to relevant marine tourism

stakeholders of FMA-715

CLIN 3

27 Assessment report : The fisheries subsidies status of the targeted area in

FMA-715 (connected with Fisheries location)

CLIN 3

28 Activity report : Review and recommendation for Positive Fisheries Subsidies

Guidelines at national and selected provincial government in FMA-715

CLIN 3


8.2 INTEGRATION WITH THE MONITORING, EVALUATION, AND LEARNING

PLAN

Both the SEA work plan and the ME&L plan follow the Conservation Measures Partnership’s (CMP)

Open Standards for Adaptive Management and were developed through successive participatory

workshops, so they are closely integrated. During the workshops, participants identified critical

assumptions between the IRs in each results chain and crafted learning questions to assess the causal

relationships between the results.

Throughout the course of the project, SEA will lead participatory reviews of the theories of change to

assess the validity of initial assumptions and casual linkages, to refine project planning as necessary to

address gaps and maximize results, and if needed, to update the ME&L plan and work plan to support

ongoing learning and adaptive management. Indicators will be used to test these assumptions, and

progress towards the target outcomes will be evaluated each year prior to the development of the

annual work plan.

Reviews will address illustrative key evaluation questions, such as:

1. To what extent have activities implemented under the project succeeded in protecting

biodiversity in the targeted areas?

2. To what extent were the underlying drivers of biodiversity loss addressed by the project?

3. To what extent have efforts to improve governance and capacity to manage resources

a. reduced the rate and extent of ecosystems degradation, and loss of ETP species?

b. contributed to ecologically-sustainable livelihoods in the target areas?

c. permitted different stakeholders, to work in improved collaboration toward a common

goal?

4. To what extent have economic value-added interventions

a. improved public private partnerships (PPPs)?

b. improved benefits derived from sustainable resources management?

5. To what extent have science, technology and innovation contributed to

a. improved capacity of research institutions and universities to conduct research for

policy-making?

b. improved coastal and marine resources management and policy?

8.2.1 USAID SEA Project Impact Evaluation

In addition to the routine external evaluation of project performance, USAID will conduct an additional

independent “Impact Evaluation” (IE) of the SEA interventions under the agency’s Evaluation, Research,

and Communication (ERC) project. An IE differs from “Performance Monitoring” (which asks “Are

results being achieved? Is performance on track?”) or “Performance Evaluation” (which asks “What has

the project achieved? How is it perceived?”) in that it seeks to determine the causal impact of an

intervention on target development outcomes, such as improved resource management. The SEA

Project is only the second environmental project selected by USAID for an IE due to the challenge of

evaluating outcomes with the complexity of environmental and policy projects, the number of key

factors that are out of the control of the implementing team, and the possible long periods required for

results to emerge (i.e., forest regrowth, increased coral biodiversity). By also monitoring control


sites/activities, the IE can definitively state what would have happened without the intervention or project

vs. with the project. The contractor selected for this IE is Cloudburst, and their work will be directly

managed by USAID/Indonesia.

The IE contractor will select a few of the SEA Learning Questions to develop two formats for survey

instruments that will be applied to the SEA sites and stakeholders in both SEA focal communities and

control sites in communities and marine areas where the SEA Project is not working. The two survey

instrument formats that will be applied in both control and intervention sites include a biophysical

survey (using the same parameters as the SEA Baseline) of the marine/coastal ecosystem and a

household survey in the SEA Project communities. Due to the high cost and effort to conduct these

surveys, the Cloudburst IE team will utilize the datasets from the SEA biophysical surveys in the project

intervention sites, and they will only collect biophysical data (using SEA protocols) in the control sites.

Socio-economic data from household surveys will be conducted by Cloudburst in both control and

intervention communities.

The IE team will need to integrate and closely coordinate with the SEA team to collect baseline data for

their study before the onset of interventions and to select which sites/stakeholder groups will serve as

controls and which will serve as experimental sites that receive SEA interventions. In addition, the SEA

Project team will need to identify multiple/sets of sites or stakeholder groups with very similar criteria

prior to the baseline work of the IE team. The proposed timeline for the IE Design and Baseline is

shown in Table 18.

Table 18. Proposed Timeline for Impact Evaluation Design and Baseline Assessment

Proposed Time Impact Evaluation (IE) Action

Aug 2016 IE Team scoping visit to SEA sites

Sept-Dec 2016 IE Team will design evaluation questions, methods, plan

Jan-Mar 2017 IE Team will collect baseline data

Sept 2017 IE Team submits final report


8.3 ENVIRONMENTAL MITIGATION AND MONITORING INTEGRATION FOR

SEA

All SEA activities will operate in full compliance with USAID’s regulations and requirements regarding

the environmental impact of project activities. As noted in the Initial Environmental Examination (IEE), a

Categorical Exclusion is recommended for SEA activities involving training and technical assistance;

controlled experimentation, academic analyses and studies; document and information transfers; and

development planning assistance. A Negative Determination with Conditions (NDw/C) is recommended

for SEA activities involving actions that directly or indirectly affect the physical or natural environment,

including small-scale field activities or research that directly or indirectly impacts the environment; coral

reef and community economic development to combat overharvesting; market linkages and incentives;

spatial and resource management plans and marine ecotourism; and policy and regulation development

(to include fiscal incentives and/or reforms).

For all SEA activities under the NDw/C designation throughout the life of the project, we will ensure

that a thorough Environmental Mitigation and Monitoring (EMMP) Plan (Appendix 5) is developed and

submitted. We will screen all sub-program and sub-contractor activities using the Environmental

Screening Form (ESF) and complete a full environmental assessment when necessary. Moreover, we will

ensure that SEA sub-contractors have the capacity to adhere to IEE requirements and provide trainings

when necessary. Finally, the EMMP will be integrated into our regular monitoring and reporting

processes, including the ME&L plan and the current and subsequent annual work plans with any

necessary adjustments to activity implementation in order to minimize adverse impacts to the

environment.

Appendix 5 of this document contains the full SEA EMMP for the first year, including tables illustrating

the results of the environmental screening of activities, identified environmental impacts, mitigation

measures, and monitoring indicators.


APPENDIX 1: STATUS OF MPA SITES BY SEA PROVINCE

A summary of the location, name, size, legal status and management effectiveness of existing and proposed MPAs in the three SEA Provinces

(North Maluku, Maluku, West Papua). All sites will incorporate both MPA/Conservation and EAFM components as either the primary or

secondary focus of the site. Scoping activities will clarify the interventions for each site.

District Fishery Site MPA Site Size (Ha) Legal Status Management Score

North Maluku

Morotai YES KKP3K Pulau Rao (WCS) 330 2012 SK Bupati RED

Ternate YES None identified

Tidore Island Secondary KKP3K Pulau Mare (WCS) 2,810 2011/12 SK Walikota None

South Halmahera (HalSel) YES

KKP3K Guraici Islands (WCS) 6,386 2015 SK Governor RED 100

KKP3K Pulau Widi (WCS) 7,690 2012 SK Governor RED

Pulau Lifmatola (CTC) TBD TBD None

Central Halmahera YES KKP3K Pulau Jiew (WCS) 192 2012/13 SK Bupati None

Totals 5 Sites 6 Sites 17,408

Maluku

West Seram YES Valentine Strait (WWF) TBD PROPOSED None

YES Buano Island (CTC) TBD PROPOSED None

Central Seram YES

Pantai Ora/Sawi/ Saleman (WWF) TBD PROPOSED None

Banda Sea (Network only) (CTC) 2,500 Ministerial, 2009

East Seram Secondary (zoning) (WWF) Koon and Neiden (WWF) 81 2011 (Bupati)

YES Bula

Totals 5 Sites 5 Sites 2581++


District Fishery Site MPA Site Size (Ha) Legal Status Management Score

West Papua

Sorong Proposed Sorong/Abun 26,795 2005 None

South Sorong Secondary Scoping (WWF) TBD None None

Raja Ampat YES ALL: Ecotourism/Networks only 1,026,540 2014 YELLOW

Bintuni Bay YES Scoping (WWF) TBD None None

Fak Fak YES Scoping (WWF) TBD None None

Totals 5 Sites TBD TBD


APPENDIX 2: SEA SITUATION MODEL


APPENDIX 3: SIMPLIFIED THEORY OF CHANGE

Following the development of the TOCs and the accompanying results chains, the SEA Team and

representatives of the USAID/Indonesia Marine Program worked together to simplify the high-level SEA

Project TOC (Figure 2) for communications and project-management purposes, particularly to facilitate

coordination with local and GOI partners.

TECHNICAL APPROACHES FOR IMPROVED FISHERIES MANAGEMENT UNDER

STRATEGIC APPROACH 2

Four Technical Approaches (TAs) were identified for application in the three provinces and at the

national level to achieve the SEA Project objectives under SA 2 (Table 5):

TA 1: Fisheries Management (EAFM) under both national and provincial work streams

TA 2: Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) Management

TA 3: Marine Spatial Plans (MSP)

TA 4: Law Enforcement

Each of these four technical approaches has distinct national and local/provincial target counterparts,

geographies, support teams, and activities, which will simplify project implementation and monitoring.

For communications purposes, a separate TOC and results chain was developed for each of these

technical approaches (Figure 3); additional details can be found in the results chains for the SAs and TAs

presented below. It should be noted that SA2 was selected for the simplified TOC due to its central

importance in project design and implementation and because it is the four TAs under SA 2 that will

need to be clearly communicated to project stakeholders who are not general familiar with TOC

terminology.

General Results of the Technical Approaches

As shown in Figure 3, these diverse activity streams can be combined into a single results chain with the

following basic phases:

1. Data Collected and Analyzed (i.e., detailed baseline and specific recommendations for

actions)

2. Stakeholders Aware and Capable (including individual groups and key agents)

3. Institutions Strengthened (including working groups, task forces, agencies, and

organizations)

4. Inputs Accepted and Proposed for Legal/Formal Approvals

5. Inputs Legalized/Institutionalized

6. Actions Implemented and Monitored

The specific phases for the four TAs (EAFM, MPAs, MSP, and Law Enforcement) might differ from each

other. For instance, Data Collected and Analyzed for MPAs might include biophysical surveys and reviews

of threats and local management practices, while it might include reviews of laws and regulations,

authorized enforcement agencies, and arrest and prosecution records for law enforcement.


STRATEGIC APPROACHES ADDRESSING ENABLING CONDITIONS

The remaining four SAs represent two highly linked sets of interventions (Table 19) that impact the

enabling conditions for SA 2 (Figure 4). However, all five SAs will receive inputs from each other

throughout the life of project and beyond (Figure 2).

Table 19. Linkages Between the Strategic Approaches Addressing Enabling Conditions

SA 1: Create demand through awareness raising and advocacy

SA 3: Increase incentives for marine stewardship

SA 4: Advance the development of marine and fisheries policies and regulations

SA 5: Institutionalize capacity building and training for fisheries management and

marine conservation

Similar to the TAs under SA 2, these four SAs are characterized by a general process for the life of the

project, although the activities and results for the individual steps would vary slightly by the SA (Figure

4) as follows:

1. Review and Analysis: Gap analysis conducted, opportunities identified (e.g., leverage specific

forums, events, and market gaps)

2. Design: Specific implementation modes [training mechanism, communications tool, incentive, or

type of policy support (consultations, drafting)] defined, and implementation approaches

identified (e.g., partners, target audience, time, content, support, locations identified and agreed

upon with counterparts/partners

3. Implementation: Awareness campaign or training conducted, policy drafting supported, prize

awarded, or market incentive launched

4. Follow-up and Monitoring: Activity evaluated, case studies and lessons learned written and

shared, networking promoted, after-action review and analysis conducted

5. Institutionalization: Home organization, roadmap, and funding defined


Figure 12. Simplified SEA Project Technical Approach Results Chain Diagram


Figure 13. Work Flow Diagram for SEA Strategic Approaches to Enabling Conditions


APPENDIX 4: SEA PERFORMANCE MONITORING SYSTEM AND

SUPPORT TO GOI ONE DATA INITIATIVE

As data underlies our knowledge of any system and, therefore, its management, data, indicators, analysis,

and monitoring are a part of all of the SEA work stream processes, results, and outcomes. There are

two work streams for monitoring project activities and monitoring the status of the resources (coral,

fish, etc.) related to the SEA Project that deal with data and database management:

1. GOI One (SATU) Data Initiative: Work related to supporting the development of MMAF’s

contribution to the national One Data Initiative. The support of SEA to the One Data Initiative

will be limited and strategic (i.e., advisory, facilitative) rather than involving data manipulation or

operations, and it will be focused at the national level with some coordination of provincial data

systems.

2. The SEA Performance Monitoring System and the collection of the SEA BASELINE: Work

related to implementing the SEA Project ME&L Plan for USAID and project management. The

SEA Performance Monitoring System is a much larger effort that includes desktop and in-situ

data collection, a variety of data themes (biophysical, governance, and socio-economic along

with activity tracking) and scales (national, FMA, provincial, local, and community), and a range of

responsible implementers (SEA Core Team, SEA NGO partners, government agencies and

extension officers, local organizational staff and communities, resources users, the private

sector, university researchers, consultants, and even visitors.

GOI ONE DATA INITIATIVE

The GOI is promoting a “One Portal/One Map” policy, by which information is compiled using a)

standard measurements, b) standard data collection protocols, and c) a quality-assurance program,

which will result in analyzed, integrated data being available to the public and resource managers.

The MMAF One Data Initiative was launched in May 2016, so only an initial workshop has been

conducted with a newly established technical team and a “blueprint.”3 The One Data Initiative team

requested technical support from the SEA Project to develop the strategy and framework for the

Initiative and its launch, specifically to review similar examples of national database initiatives for

potential procedural or structural components, lessons learned, and case studies for data-sharing

protocols and policies from other similar contexts. Although the One Data Initiative is too new to have

been included in the SEA SOW, it provides MMAF and SEA with a unique opportunity to use the

required SEA Project Baseline as a pilot or test case with the data being collected in the three target

provinces, thus adding vital data to the national system. Ideally, this new program also assures that our

data will be sustainably used and that updates will be acquired systematically as they will be embedded

into Indonesia’s integrated data portals.

There are four major components that the One Data team has described as critical next steps for

technical support:

1. Build the technical understanding of the One Data technical working group on the “world” of

national data management systems, particularly for marine, coastal, and fisheries issues, so that

One Data can develop its “blueprint” or framework using lessons learned and best practices

3 The term used by MMAF is “blueprint,” but it is described more accurately as a “framework” for the

system.


from the global community. The SEA Project could bring in case studies and comparative

reviews of other national systems (Japan, EU, NOAA) and components (criteria for selecting

software, hardware, data-team training) to inform the One Data team as well as provide

coaches or mentors from NOAA as the One Data team develops its framework and system.

2. Clarify and create protocols as needed for the legal institutional process of sharing data between

One Data and the data sources. This would require a legal review of existing protocols, a list of

the desired types of data and who has it, and, again, a comparative review of how other

countries share data. Some support for legal drafting may be desired.

3. Creating pilot provinces and coastal, marine, and fisheries data sets in Indonesia to launch One

Data and to facilitate learning under the initiative. MMAF will select one pilot province that is

easily accessible from Jakarta, while our three SEA provinces could provide other pilot sites as

they have diverse legal standings: i) an island province, ii) a mainland province, iii) a province

with special autonomy, iv) a “conservation” province, and v) an “enterprise” province.

4. Building the capacity of MMAF to operate and sustain One Data with trained staff, possibly

through the development of a Data System Management Competency curriculum in the

Ministry’s human resources program.

Our five-year work plan related to the support of One Data would include the target of one full year of

unsupported data collection, input, analysis, and archiving on SEA themes in the One Data system and

the capacity to sustain the process nation-wide in perpetuity. The activities under the 18-month work

plan would be to address the first two components above and the first SEA ME&L dataset (component

(3) above), working with One Data as much as possible.

THE SEA PERFORMANCE MONITORING SYSTEM AND COLLECTION OF THE SEA

BASELINE

The SEA ME&L Plan was informed by a review of the SEA TOC, Management Questions, and the SEA

Project Background Report. The indicators for SEA performance monitoring have been defined, and

activities for this work plan include:

Conducting initial PCRAs4 to review literature, identify data gaps, prioritize sites for

interventions, and develop a longer-tem monitoring system and methodology for SEA;

Developing a performance monitoring system to track the implementation of FMP, MSP, and

MPAs;

Conducting a baseline assessment for SEA ME&L (see below for details);

Conducting biophysical, governance, social, and economic baseline assessments for primary

project areas (see below for details and Appendix 1 for proposed sites);

Improving the capacity of stakeholders, including local government, research centers, and

universities, to develop performance monitoring systems, conduct monitoring, and utilize the

results.

SEA Project Baseline

Much of the SEA baseline plan is linked to the SEA ME&L Plan. This will include extensive and repeated

collection of primary (“wet” or field) and secondary data (desktop, focal group/key informant

interviews) in Sea Project intervention sites and some control sites. It will also include analysis, sharing,

4 PCRAs are fairly simple initial scoping activities (such as village mapping, walk/snorkel surveys of the

coastal area, focal group discussions, etc.) and data collection conducted with key stakeholder groups,

particularly at the community level such as in fishing villages or communities located in/near MPA sites.


and use of the data to build the capacity of Indonesian stakeholders to manage natural resources and for

the SEA Project to conduct adaptive management of its activities during the life of the project. Activities

for this work plan include:

1. In new areas, conducting PCRAs to prioritize the relative importance and scale of the potential

MPA sites for full baseline surveys while introducing awareness and the value of developing

periodic monitoring baselines for adaptive management to local stakeholders and governments

in SEA target locations;

2. Conferring with national and local counterparts and the One Data team to coordinate on

parameters, protocols, and where the data will be institutionalized;

3. Creating the SEA NGO partner and local teams to collect the baseline data from the

stakeholders and sites;

4. Training the SEA partner and contractor teams to collect the baseline data;

5. Working with the NGOs, relevant national and local governments and other stakeholders to

collect the baseline data through contracts, grants, and with shared oversight from SEA and

MMAF/DKP provincial staff;

6. Compiling, analyzing, and uploading the TIME=0 or starting baseline data to the One Data

platform or system, the SEA Portal and its ME&L reporting mechanism, and other platforms as

relevant and feasible;

7. Producing three Provincial Coastal Profiles for MMAF and the SEA Baseline Report;

8. Institutionalizing data collection for these management parameters into the relevant Indonesian

organizations with capacity for perpetuity.

Our five-year work plan under the SEA Baseline includes three sets of data collection and analysis on

selected key indicators in the SEA provinces and national organizations (Year 0, Year 2.5, and End of

Year 5 of the project) that include management recommendations based on the resulting analyses; the

data institutionalized in the One Data system, and the capacity to sustain the process nation-wide in

perpetuity. The 18-month work plan would be to address components a) through f) above for the first

ME&L dataset (Baseline/T-0) of the SEA Project working with One Data as much as possible.

Monitoring for MPA Management Effectiveness

Management effectiveness of MPAs and an effective MPA System are one of the core strategic

approaches of the SEA Project. Previous USAID programs from CRMP (1997-2001) to MPAG (ending in

2014) have helped to build a strong base in the government and supporting NGOs for the design of

MPAs and MPA networks in concept, policy, planning, and implementation. Our objectives are to

expand and strengthen the system and utilize the MPA management effectiveness system and tool (E-

KP3K) approved by MMAF for evaluating and improving the management of MPAs across Indonesia.

Assessing, designing, and implementing MPAs and ultimately improving their management effectiveness

require consistent and long-term monitoring to track key parameters (biophysical, governance, and

social). This monitoring and adaptive management will vary among MPAs depending on their status in

the planning and implementation cycle and also on the government body involved and its capacity (e.g.,

local district, provincial, national, or some combination thereof). In general, SEA will work through its

subcontractors in the MPA sites to provide the needed technical assistance to ensure that the targeted

MPA is progressing towards improved design, implementation and effectiveness. The activity tables

provide specifics on where and when activities will occur.


APPENDIX 5: ENVIRONMENTAL MITIGATION AND MONITORING

PLAN

The Environmental Mitigation and Monitoring Plan (EMMP) builds upon the SEA Initial Environmental

Examination (IEE) and Environmental Threshold Decisions contained therein and defines practical steps

for SEA to mitigate and monitor possible environmental impacts. Given the pre-award development of

the IEE, it is worth noting the following:

The IEE included both (i) Categorical Exclusion (CE) and (ii) Negative Determination with

Conditions (NDw/C) for illustrative activities outlined in the SEA Scope of Work.

As a result, the EMMP first screened these activities with the work plan to determine which

should be subject to a CE or an NDw/C. Activities with Moderate and Unknown Risk that

triggered NDw/C threshold decisions were subject to environmental review and mitigation and

monitoring actions.

This EMMP addresses environmental compliance as set out in section C.11 of Contract AID-497-TO-15-

00005. This EMMP is to be used in conjunction with the Monitoring, Evaluation and Learning Plan

(ME&L). As project activities evolve over time, the EMMP will be updated.

The results of the environmental screening of SEA Year 1 activities within the work plan to determine

which fall within the NDw/C and which may need to be monitored or mitigated for are summarized in

Tables 20 and 21.

Table 20. SEA Environmental Mitigation and Monitoring Plan

Screening result Recommended

Determinations

SEA Activities

(By Strategic Approach)

Very

Low

Ris

k

Hig

h-R

isk

Modera

te (

M)

or

unknow

n r

isk (

U)

No s

ignific

ant

adve

rse im

pac

t

(CE)

With s

peci

fied

mitig

atio

n, no

sign

ific

ant

adve

rse

impac

t (N

Dw

/C)

Sign

ific

ant

Adve

rse Im

pac

t

Strategic Approach 1: Create Demand Through Awareness Raising and Advocacy

Task 1: Change behaviors to increase demand for conservation and management

Baseline assessment of audiences, messages, and channels X X

Awareness and advocacy strategy design X X

Campaign and advocacy for EAFM X X

Task 2: Facilitate and support building coalitions and champions

Assessment of existing strategic coalitions X X

Identify champions in all of the target audiences X X

Conduct field trips, seminars, LGN X X

Strategic Approach 2: Improve Ecosystem Management of FMA-715 And MPAs

Technical Approach 1: Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries Management


Assessment of ecosystem status/Biodiversity Focal

Interests X X

Assessment of baseline government revenues directed for

fisheries management X X



Determinations

Assessment of number of fishers, vessels, gear, fishing

associations, and trade associations X X

Assess capacity of provinces to implement 715 FMP X X

Assessment of household economic data and fisher

income X X

Assessment of food insecurity and health indicators X X

Development of provincial FMP through consultative

process U X

Review of GOI Food Security Plan and Poverty Reduction

Plan for inclusion of wild fisheries U X

Develop ETP species management strategy X X

Development and Implementation of Harvest Control

Strategy and Rules X X

Provide inputs and recommendations for inclusion of

EAFM in 715 FMP X X

Stock assessment training X X

Conduct ecosystem rehabilitation activities U X

Develop strategy as needed with transition from district

to province fisheries management X X

Task 4: Provide assistance to MMAF and key stakeholders on the development and implementation of an action plan to

improve the national fisheries statistics and stock assessment system.

Review existing KKP guidelines and options for

ecosystem accounting in stock assessments X X

Strengthen KKP observer and enumerator programs X X

Improve stock assessment system X X

Pilot and refine data collection in demonstration area X X

Task 5: Develop financing mechanisms to sustain efforts

Research true costs of EAFM/MPA management and

current financing sources X X

Explore and develop alternative schemes to finance


Advocate for government and private sector support of

EAFM/MPA funding options X X

Technical Approach 2. Marine Protected Areas



MPA management X X

Capacity development for MPA design and planning X X

Development of MPA management institutions and

networking X X

Assist in designing MPA network for 715 using ecological

design X X

Assessment of MPA management status X X

Survey and identification of potential sites for new MPAs U X

Evaluation of local knowledge of fisheries management X X


Research true costs of EAFM/MPA management and

current financing sources X X

Explore and develop alternative schemes to finance

fisheries management U X



Determinations

Advocate for government and private sector support of

EAFM/MPA funding options X X





MSP X X

Identification and inventory of existing coastal-marine

spatial (CSMP) data X X

Capacity building for Marine Spatial Planning X X

Review and improve Provincial Marine Spatial Plan

(RZWP3K) X X

Establish MSP working group X X


Task 3: Implement effective fisheries and marine management in the target area

Conduct enforcement chain analyses X X

Assess current condition of destructive fishing and the

use of exploitative fishing gears X X

Enhance law enforcement capacity X X

Develop incentive scheme for communities to conduct

surveillance X X

Increase community participation and legalize its role in

law enforcement X X

Strategic Approach 3: Increase Incentives for Marine Stewardship

Task 7: Engage partners and leverage resources to achieve conservation, management, and market reform objectives.

Task 8. Increase the ancillary benefits available to stakeholders to enhance their participation and commitment to stewardship

within the target area.

Analyze market for sustainably harvested species X X

Assess opportunities and barriers to entry X X

Raise awareness of the value of critical habitats and

economic opportunities X X

Develop and implement feed the future (FTF) to improve

fisheries productivity U X

Strategic Approach 4: Advance the Development of Marine and Fisheries Policies and Regulations

Task 6: Facilitate dialogue on further policy, legal, and regulatory needs for the marine and fisheries sector

Assess the status of national and district regulations and

policies U X

Map stakeholders and assess their capacity to engage X X

Analysis of Law 23 performed with MMAF and the

provinces X X

Asses the impacts of decentralization X X

Strengthen or create working group and consultation

process X X

Socialization of laws and regulations related to MSP and


Facilitate development of community agreements U X

Strategic Approach 5. Institutionalize Training and Capacity Building for Fisheries Management and

Marine Conservation



Determinations

Task 10: Design and implement training on conservation, MPAs, and fisheries management, and strengthen the capacity of

marine extension programs

Identification of training institutions and capacity

assessment X X

Enrichment of existing curriculum X X

Task 13: Build the capacity of stakeholders to assess performance and become a “learning community”

Baseline assessment to identify monitoring needs X X

Develop monitoring plan X X

Support data collection by stakeholders X X

Develop communication/coordination forums among

stakeholders X X

As stated in the initial IEE for the SEA Project, potential negative impacts from certain activities on

coastal zones, oceans, biodiversity, and ecosystem services are detailed in the USAID sector guidance

notes and may include, inter alia, marine habitat disturbance and/or degradation; changes in species

composition; increased human presence leading to illegal and/or unsustainable activity (illegal fishing,

overharvesting, etc.); contaminated or depleted surface and ground water supplies; creation of perverse

incentives for unsustainable practices; and increased market demand for marine/fisheries products

leading to adverse impacts on species’ reproduction. Thus, SEA will propose measures to mitigate

negative impacts to the environment if any proposed activity has the potential to cause any of these

possible impacts.

In addition, policy and supply chain improvements in fisheries can increase the value of fisheries products

and incentivize increased fishing effort, thereby contributing to overfishing. Similarly, product labeling,

such as documentation for sustainability, good management, or legality, can increase the value of fish

products and also incentivize increased fishing effort and contribute to overfishing. Such possible results

need to be ascertained and carefully mitigated.

For subcontracts under SEA management, SEA will use the impact assessment tools found in the

USAID/ABC Environmental Review Form to screen sub-contractor work plans and activities. This will

help ensure that funded projects do not result in adverse environmental impacts, help develop mitigation

measures as necessary, and specify monitoring and reporting for subcontractors. If activities are not

currently covered under the approved IEE and ETD, the project will write an Environmental Review

Report. Mitigation and monitoring requirements will be included in agreements and contracts.

The responsible parties for tracking and determining environment impacts and their mitigation measures

will generally be the SEA Core Team. In cases where the activity is strictly under the control and

surveillance of the NGO contractor, the contractor will be responsible for mitigating impacts from an

activity and reporting to the SEA Core Team. If a particular potential impact is significant and specialized

such that there is no expertise on the SEA Core Team, then a qualified consultant will be employed to

assist with mitigation measures.


Table 21. Proposed Mitigation and Monitoring Measures for Potential Negative Environmental Impacts from SEA First-Year Activities.

Activities and

Processes

Identified Environmental

Impacts

Do Impacts Require

Further Consideration? Mitigation Measures

Monitoring

Indicators and

Reponsibility

Development of

provincial FMP through

consultative process

FMPs can include incentives that

increase fishing effort and are not

always based on sound fish stock

assessments or sustainable

outcomes especially when fishery

assessment methods being

employed are not accurate or

complete

Yes All interventions proposed and

discussed for inclusion in the FMP at

the provincial and FMA level will need

to be screened for possible impacts on

the status of any given fishery in

relation to possible overfishing and

implementation of gears that may

cause impacts.

SEA Fisheries Advisors

Review of GOI Food

Security Plan and

Poverty Reduction Plan

for inclusion of wild

fisheries

The GOI food security plan may

include incentives that could

increase over fishing or

development of coastal areas for

aquaculture that would require

environmental assessments

Yes, depending on the

interventions being proposed

and their direct impacts of

existing fisheries

Review all proposed measures that

may affect the status of existing

fisheries and in relation to the status of

the fisheries being proposed for

inclusion

SEA Fisheries Advisors

Conduct of ecosystem

rehabilitation activities

could entail methods

that require physical

modification of coral

reefs, mangrove and/or

coastal areas where

critical marine

ecosystems occur.

USAID has deemed activities that

affect the physical environment as

NDw/C. If there are unknown

impacts of such activities related to

ecosystem rehabilitation that could

potentially harm the environment

then mitigation is required.

Yes if interventions will have

a physical parameter that

may affect the coastal

environment in some

manner.

SEA will only support ecosystem

rehabilitation activities when the

physical impacts are analyzed, known

and based on positive scientific results.

During the design stage of any

ecosystem rehabilitation plan, potential

negative impacts will be screened for

and minimized.

Impact assessment of

policies, plans, and

programs reform

carried out before

embarking on

advocacy and lobbying

activities

SEA Biodiversity

Advisor

Survey and identification

of potential sites for

new MPAs

Selection of new MPA sites needs

to be sensitive to resource use

patterns of local stakeholders and

to tradition and customs in the area

so that undue impacts of resource

allocation are avoided.

Yes, if there is significant

existing resource use in the

areas where new MPAs are

being proposed.

The SEA project will always use a high

consultative process in planning for

new MPAs or other spatial use

interventions for any given area will

thus work to avoid resource use

conflicts that may adversely affect local

resource dependent communities.

Survey and

identification of

potential sites for new

MPAs

SEA Biodiversity and

MPA Advisors

Explore and develop Alternative financing arrangements Yes, if financial alternatives The SEA Project will review proposed Fisheries and Private


Activities and

Processes


Impacts

Do Impacts Require


Monitoring

Indicators and

Reponsibility

alternative schemes to

finance fisheries

management

can have adverse impacts on other

financial sectors or add incentives

for over fishing in some cases.

are not clearly understood. alternative financial schemes for any

possible perverse affects that may

increase incentives for overfishing or

other possible negative outcomes.

Public Partnership

Advisors

Develop and implement

feed the future (FTF) to

improve fisheries

productivity

Since the FTF activities are not yet

clearly defined and may include a

wide range of possible interventions

at the local and community level,

review of possible activities is

needed. Examples may include

enhancing fisheries productivity

through aquaculture or introduction

of livelihoods that may have impacts

in some manner.

Yes, for particular

interventions.

All technical livelihood support for

communities for advancing village

development plans must be based on

strong commitments for conservation

and fisheries enhancement. Technical

livelihood support for communities

must include commitments for

conservation and sustainable resource

use and strong monitoring that

measures performance for

conservation and sustainability.

Develop and

implement feed the

future (FTF) to

improve fisheries

productivity

Fisheries and

Community

Development

Advisors

Facilitate development

of community

agreements and/or

implementation of

management plans

The development and

implementation of partnership

agreements (co-management) is

designed to negotiate, define and

guarantee a fair sharing if

management, entitlements and

responsibilities over natural

resources. While aimed at

conservation and sustainable

resources use, these may encourage

unsustainable use where parties are

granted new access to new fishing

areas or limit access.

Yes. Co-management agreements must

include commitments for conservation

and sustainable NR use and strong

monitoring that measures performance

for conservation and sustainable NRM

use with future rights and access.

Facilitate development

of community

agreements

Community

Development Advisor

Policy and fisheries

supply chain

interventions may

inadvertently cause

perverse outcomes that

cause overfishing or

USAID has deemed activities that

affect spatial plans, policy

development etc as NDw/C.

However, the marine resources

management policies to be

supported by SEA are designed to

Yes, but SEA

recommendations will be

designed to promote

sustainable development and

will be scientifically-based.

No specific measures needed as long

as SEA does not support desktop and

non-participatory approaches in the

development of policy

recommendations.

Proper

implementation of

SEAs and LCP

(participatory, inline

with regulations etc.).


Activities and

Processes


Impacts

Do Impacts Require


Monitoring

Indicators and

Reponsibility

favor large versus small

scale fishers

promote sustainability and

biodiversity conservation.

Fisheries and Policy

Advisors


APPENDIX 6: STAFFING PLAN

Figure 14. SEA Jakarta Office Staffing and Management Organization Structure


Figure 15. Regional Field Operations Staffing and Management Organization Structure


Table 22. SEA Staffing Plan

No. Name Position Organization Status

Jakarta

1 Alan White Chief of Party Tetra Tech LTTA

2 Tiene Gunawan Deputy Chief of Party Tetra Tech LTTA

3 Irna Sari Sustainable Fisheries

Advisor Tetra Tech LTTA

4 Stacey Tighe Marine Biodiversity

Conservation Advisor Tetra Tech LTTA

5 Christiana Yuni

Kusmiaty

Governance/Institutional

Development Advisor Tetra Tech LTTA

6 Hery Syamsianus

Nahampun Senior M&E Specialist Tetra Tech LTTA

7 TBD Capacity Building/Gender

Specialist Tetra Tech LTTA

8 Wen Wen GIS/Spatial Planning


9 TBD Fisheries Data

Management Specialist Tetra Tech LTTA

10 Vicky Wijaya Communications/Outreach


11 TBD PPP Specialist Tetra Tech LTTA

12 Atik Setiowati Operations Manager Tetra Tech LTTA

13 Emillia Damayanti Administrative and

Procurement Officer Tetra Tech LTTA

14 Christina Doala

Tampubolon Finance Manager Tetra Tech LTTA

15 Irma Refliana Administrative Assistant Tetra Tech LTTA

16 TBD Project Assistant Tetra Tech LTTA

WWF-ID Sea Project Steering Committe Unit

17 Klaas J. Teule Senior Advisor WWF 15%

18 Wawan Ridwan Coral Triangle Director WWF 15%

19 Imam Musthofa Sunda Banda Seascapes &

Fisheries Leader WWF 20%

20 Imam Syuhada BHS & West Papua Leader

WWF 20%

21 Herry Akbar Deputy Director Finance,

Accounting & Grant, FMS

WWF 10%

WWF-ID Sea Project Cross Cutting / Technical Support Unit

22 Muhammad Ridha

Hakim

Small Island Partnership

and Governance Leader WWF

5%

23 Veda Santiadji Coral Triangle Support

Program Leader WWF

10%

24 Anton Wijonarno MPA for Fisheries Manager WWF 30%



25 Abdullah Habibi Fisheries & Aquaculture

Improvement Manager WWF

30%

26 Achmad Mustofa National Coordinator for

Capture Fisheries WWF

30%

27 Dwi Ariyoga

National Coordinator for

Fisheries By-Catch & Shark

Conservation

WWF

5%

28 Estradivari Marine Conservation

Science Coordinator WWF

20%

29 Muhammad Yusuf Fisheries Science

Coordinator WWF

30%

30 Dwi Suprapti Marine Species

Conservation Coordinator WWF

30%

31 Indarwati Aminuddin Marine Tourism

Coordinator WWF

30%

32 Christian Handayani Marine Spatial Planning &

Monitoring Senior Officer, WWF

20%

33 Dwi Aryo

Tjiptohandono

Marine & Fisheries

Campaign Coordinator WWF

15%

34 Noverica Tri SBS Communication &

Campaign Coordinator WWF

20%

35 Toufik Alansar

MPA Network Specialist

WWF

50%

36 Nara Wisesa

Coral Triangle Program

Monitoring & Evaluation

Officer

WWF

20%

37 Ayi Ardisastra Fisheries Governance

Senior Officer WWF

20%

38 Tommy Ari

Wibowo Grant Officer WWF

10%

39 Yusuf Mooy Sunda Banda Seascape

Finance Coordinator WWF

15%

40 Barnabas Wurlianti EAFM Liason Coordinator WWF 50%

41

Veronica Stella

Angelique

Louhenapessy

Community Right Based

Management Officer WWF

30%

WCS Wildlife Coordinator Unit, Bogor

42 Yudi Herdiana Marine Program Manager WCS 50%

43 Irfan Yulianto Fisheries Program Manager

WCS 30%

44 Arisetiarso

Soemodinoto

Lead Technical Specialist

WCS

50%

45 Irma Hermawati WCU Coordinator WCS 20%

46 Dwi Adhiasto WCU Manager WCS 20%



47 TBD Marine WCU Team

Leader

WCS Full time

48 TBD Marine WCU Officer WCS Full time

Supporting/cross cutting Unit, Bogor (Science and Technical Support)

49 Shinta Pardede Science Coordinator WCS 40%

50 TBD Coral reef ecologist 1 WCS 30%

51 TBD Coral reef ecologist 2 WCS 30%

52 Fakhrizal Setiawan Reef fish ecologist 1 WCS 40%

53 Sukmaharja A.

Tarigan

Reef fish ecologist 2 WCS 40%

54 Peni Lestari Socio-economic coord WCS 40%

55 Riandi Harbonaran Socio-economic officer WCS 40%

56 Jessica Pinkan GIS Officer WCS 30%

57 Prayekti Ningtias Program Officer

(Government Liaison)

WCS 30%

58 TBD Fisheries Coordinator WCS 40%

Expert consultants

59

TBD Spatial planning expert WCS 50%

60 TBD GIS Expert WCS Full time

61 TBD Supply chain expert WCS 6 months

62 TBD Field fisheries enumerators

(8)

WCS 4 months

Ambon Regional Office

63 TBD Regional Director Tetra Tech LTTA

64 Asril Djunaidi Regional Technical

Director Tetra Tech LTTA

65 TBD Private Sector/Finance

Development Officer Tetra Tech LTTA

66 Ii Rosma Tarmidji M&E Specialist Tetra Tech LTTA

67 TBD Fisheries Specialist Tetra Tech LTTA

68 TBD Marine Protected Areas

Management Specialist Tetra Tech LTTA

69 TBD

Institutional

Development/Governance

Specialist

Tetra Tech LTTA

70 Julie Lawalatta Regional Operations

Manager Tetra Tech LTTA

71 TBD Logistics Officer Tetra Tech LTTA

72 TBD Finance Specialist Tetra Tech LTTA

73 Semy Hery Kopaha Finance and

Administration Senior WWF LTTA



Officer

74 Imam Musthofa Sunda Banda Seascapes &

Fisheries Leader WWF Part-time

75 Yusuf Mooy Sunda Banda Seascape

Finance Coordinator WWF Part-time

76 Hesti Widodo Training & Learning

Manager

Long-term Technical

CCN Staff 50%

77 Silvianita Timotius Training Specialist (1) Long-term Technical

CCN Staff 40%

78 Boy Mochran Training Specialist (2) Long-term Technical

CCN Staff 40%

79 Nyoman Suardana GIS Specialist Long-term Technical

CCN Staff 50%

80 Adityo Setiawan Training & Learning

Network Specialist

Long-term Technical

CCN Staff 30%

81 Johannes Subijanto

Senior Advisor,

Government and External

Relations on Coastal and

Fisheries Management

Long-term Technical

CCN Staff 30%

82 Marthen Welly MPA Learning Sites

Manager

Long-term Technical

CCN Staff 50%

83 Erdi Lazuardi Science Coordinator Long-term Technical

CCN Staff 80%

84 Wira Sanjaya MPA Project Leader Long-term Technical

CCN Staff 80%

85 Leilani Gallardo Senior Communication

Coordinator

Long-term Technical

TCN Staff 20%

86 Rili Djohani Executive Director Long-term Technical

CCN Staff 10%

87 Siti Syahwali Operations & Regional

Hub Manager

Long-term

Administration CCN

Staff

20%

88 I Nengah Winiarta Finance, Admin & HR

Manager

Long-term

Administration CCN

Staff

20%

89 TBD Project Administrator Long-term

Administration CCN

Staff

100%

90 Mad Korebima MPA Learning Sites

Coordinator

Long-term Technical

CCN Staff 50%

91 La Ode Junaidin Learning Sites Officer Long-term Technical

CCN Staff 50%

92 TBD Senior Curriculum

Specialist

Long-term Technical

CCN Staff 100%

93 TBD Learning Network

Specialist

Long-term Technical

CCN Staff 100%



94 TBD Conservation Coordinator Long-term Technical

CCN Staff 100%

95 TBD Field Communications

Officer

Long-term Technical

CCN Staff 100%

96 TBD Project Admin Assistant

Long-term

Administration CCN

Staff

100%

Maluku Province Team (will operate from Ambon Regional Office)

97 Candhika Yusuf Project Leader WWF LTTA

98 TBD Technical Project Assistant

WWF LTTA

99 TBD

Finance and

Administration

Coordinator

WWF LTTA

100 TBD General Support Officer

WWF LTTA

101 TBD Office helper / security WWF LTTA

102 TBD GIS & Database Officer

WWF LTTA

103 TBD

Site Coordinator for

Seram Seas

(Maluku Province)

WWF LTTA

104 TBD MPA & Biodiversity Officer

WWF LTTA

105 TBD Fisheries Officer WWF LTTA

North Maluku Province Office

106 Thamrin A. Ibrahim North Maluku Team

Leader

WCS Full time

107 TBD North Maluku Deputy

Team Leader

WCS Full time

108

TBD Marine Biodiversity

Conservation Field

Coordinator

WCS Full time

109 Hamka Karepesina Marine Fishery Field

Coordinator

WCS Full time

110

TBD Community engagement

officers

(4 people)

WCS Full time

111 TBD Fisheries field assistants (4

people)

WCS 8 months

112 TBD Finance and

Administration Officer

WCS Full time

113 TBD Admin Assistant WCS Full time

114 TBD Office helpers (2) WCS Full time



115 TBD Marine Conservation

Coordinator WWF LTTA

116 TBD Social Development

Coordinator WWF LTTA

117 Maskur R.

Tamanyira Fisheries Officer WWF LTTA

118 David Rato Nono Fisheries Business Officer WWF LTTA

West Papua Satellite Office

119 Chris Rotinsulu SEA Papua Team Leader Tetra Tech LTTA

120 TBD

Site Coordinator for West

Papua

WWF LTTA

121 TBD MPA & Biodiversity Officer

WWF LTTA

122 TBD Fisheries Officer

WWF LTTA

123 TBD Marine Tourism Officer WWF LTTA

124 TBD Finance and

Administration Officer WWF LTTA

125 TBD General Support Officer WWF LTTA

126 TBD Office helper / security WWF LTTA

OFFICE LOCATION AND PLACEMENT OF STAFF

As shown in Table 22, SEA staff and the subcontractor teams will be based in four locations: Jakarta,

Ambon, North Maluku and Sorong, West Papua. Since it is the objective of SEA to work as closely as

possible with government agencies at the national level and in the provinces, USAID and SEA have

communicated with the respective principal counterpart agencies to explore the sharing of office space

or other arrangements to facilitate coordination. The results are:

In Maluku, the government proposed to locate the SEA main office in the new DKP provincial

office with several staff embedded in PPN in Ambon.

In North Maluku, the government proposed for the SEA main office to be in PPN, Ternate.

In West Papua, the government proposed to locate the SEA office in PPN or Loka PSPL, Sorong.

The SEA Project team will be following up on these proposals to finalize office arrangements in October

2016.

TO

RY

REA

D

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