hrjudsk\ ri pdppdoldq khuelyruhv lq wkh ,qgldq 7udqv +lpdod ...
138
*HRJUDSK\ RI PDPPDOLDQ KHUELYRUHV LQ WKH ,QGLDQ 7UDQV+LPDOD\D SDWWHUQV DQG SURFHVVHV 7VHZDQJ 1DPJDLO
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Transcript of hrjudsk\ ri pdppdoldq khuelyruhv lq wkh ,qgldq 7udqv +lpdod ...
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Chapter 1
2
Introduction
3
R
More species as a result of higher specialization (smaller u)
More species as a result of greater overlap (larger o)
More species as a result of greater resource range (larger R)
R
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
Chapter 1
4
Introduction
5
Chapter 1
6
Introduction
7
Chapter 1
8
Cas
pian
sea
Introduction
9
Chapter 1
10
Introduction
11
Chapter 1
12
Introduction
13
Chapter 1
14
Introduction
15
Chapter 1
16
Introduction
17
Phytogeography of Ladakh
19
Chapter 2
20
Phytogeography of Ladakh
21
Chapter 2
22
Phytogeography of Ladakh
23
Chapter 2
24
Phytogeography of Ladakh
25
y = -2E-06x2 + 0.0193x - 48.216R2 = 0.4543
00.10.20.30.40.50.60.70.8
4400 4900 5400 5900Altitude (m)
Gra
min
oid
Spec
ies
Ric
hnes
s
4200 4400 4600 4800 5000 5200 5400 5600 5800
Altitude (m)
-1.0-0.8-0.6-0.4-0.20.00.20.40.60.81.01.21.4
Parti
al re
sidu
al
4200 4400 4600 4800 5000 5200 5400 5600 5800
Altitude (m)
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
Parti
al re
sidu
al
y = -1E-07x2 + 0.0011x - 1.3415R2 = 0.3902
0.40.50.60.70.80.9
1
2500 3500 4500 5500
Altitude (m)
Spec
ies
Ric
hnes
s
2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000
Altitude (m)
-0.3
-0.2
-0.1
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
Parti
al re
sidu
al
y = -1E-06x2 + 0.011x - 27.476R2 = 0.2535
00.10.20.30.40.50.60.70.80.9
4400 4900 5400 5900Altitude (m)
Non
-gra
min
oid
Spec
ies
Ric
hnes
s
Chapter 2
26
y = 1E-07x2 - 0.0011x + 2.3415R2 = 0.3902
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500
Altitude (m)
Dom
inan
ce
Amar
ylla
idace
ae
Berb
erid
acea
e
Bora
gina
ceae
Cam
panu
lace
ae
Cap
rifol
iace
ae
Car
yoph
ylla
ceae
Com
posi
tae
Con
vulv
ulac
eae
Cra
ssul
acea
e
Cru
cife
rae
Cup
rass
acea
e
Euph
orbi
acea
e
Gen
tiana
ceae
Ger
ania
ceae
Gro
ssul
aria
ceae
Irida
ceae
Labi
atea
e
Legu
min
osae
Plant family
26002800300032003400360038004000420044004600480050005200
Altit
ude
(m)
Phytogeography of Ladakh
27
Chapter 2
28
-0.6 1.0
-0.4
0.6
Barren
Car-utr
Aca-lycAnd-muc
Sti-ori
Aco-tor
Sau-bra
Eph-gerEch-cor
Lin-lon
Art-bre
Art-mar
Rhe-web
Cic-micEly-nutDra-hetHer-pin
Sas-tar Ger-sibRos-web
Pot-fru
Car-ver
Kra-cer
Are-bryWal-sto
Oxy-mic
Ast-rhi
Ped-che
Tan-tib
Altitude PreDriQ
PreWetQ
AnnPre
MTeCoQMTeWaQAnMeTe
y = -2E-05x2 + 0.1369x - 288.59R2 = 0.2328
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
3200 3700 4200 4700 5200Altitude (m)
Biom
ass
(g)
Phytogeography of Ladakh
29
5200
4800
4200
3600
3200
10
45
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Vege
tatio
n co
ver (
%)
Altitud
e (m)
Slope (o)
50-6040-5030-4020-3010-200-10
Chapter 2
30
Phytogeography of Ladakh
31
Chapter 2
32
Phytogeography of Ladakh
33
Chapter 3
36
Zoogeography of Ladakh
37
Chapter 3
38
Zoogeography of Ladakh
39
Chapter 3
40
Zoogeography of Ladakh
41
CBADC
CDCB
++++=
.
.
Chapter 3
42
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Blu SheAsi I
bx
Wil AssLa
d Uri
Tib Arg
Tib Gaz
Wil YakTib
Ant
Him M
ar
LoT M
ar
SiM Vol
StM Vol
RoM Vol
Wol Har
Cap Har
Roy Pik
LaE Pik
Pla Pik
Lad P
ik
Nub Pik
Species
Num
ber o
f OG
Us
Zoogeography of Ladakh
43
Chapter 3
44
Blu She Tib Arg StM Vol Pla Pik Lad Pik Wil Ass Him Mar Wol Har SiM Vol Tib Gaz RoM Vol Roy Pik Wil Yak Lad Uri Cap Har Nub Pik LaE Pik Asi Ibx LoT Mar Tib Ant
W**
W***S***
S**
S***
I
II
III
IV
V
VI
0-0.2 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
Z
ooge
ogra
phy
of L
adak
h
45
Cha
pter
3
46
Zoogeography of Ladakh
47
-1.0 1.0
-0.8
0.4
Blu She
Lad UriAsi Ibx
Tib ArgWil Ass
Tib Gaz
LoT Mar
Him Mar
Wol Har
Cap Har
SiM Vol
RoM VolStM Vol
Pla PikLad Pik Nub Pik
LaE Pik
Roy Pik
ALT
SA
TEMP
PREC
Chapter 3
48
-0.8 0.8
-0.6
0.8
Blu She
Lad Uri
Asi IbxTib Arg
Wil Ass
Tib Gaz
LoT Mar
Him Mar
Wol Har
Cap Har
SiM Vol
RoM Vol
StM Vol
Pla Pik
Lad Pik
Nub PikLaE Pik
Roy Pik
ALT
SA
TEMP
PREC
Zoogeography of Ladakh
49
Chapter 3
50
-1.0 2.0
-1.0
1.5
Blu She
Lad Uri
Asi Ibx
Tib Arg
Wil Ass
Tib Gaz
LoT Mar
Him MarWol Har
Cap Har
SiM Vol
RoM Vol
StM Vol
Pla Pik
Lad Pik
Nub Pik
LaE Pik
Roy Pik
Zoogeography of Ladakh
51
Chapter 3
52
-2.0 1.0
-1.5
1.0
Blu She
Lad UriAsi Ibx
Tib Arg
Wil Ass
Tib Gaz
LoT Mar
Him MarWol Har
Cap Har
SiM Vol
RoM Vol
StM Vol
Pla Pik
Lad Pik
Nub Pik
LaE Pik
Roy Pik
Zoogeography of Ladakh
53
Chapter 3
54
Zoogeography of Ladakh
55
Chapter 3
56
Interaction between ibex and blue sheep
57
Chapter 4
58
Interaction between ibex and blue sheep
59
Chapter 4
60
Interaction between ibex and blue sheep
61
Chapter 4
62
=22 .
.
PikPij
PikPijOjk
Interaction between ibex and blue sheep
63
Chapter 4
64
Interaction between ibex and blue sheep
65
Chapter 4
66
Species richness and niche dynamics
67
Chapter 5
68
Species richness and niche dynamics
69
Chapter 5
70
Species richness and niche dynamics
71
Chapter 5
72
[ ] 2/121
21
)'var()'var(
''
HH
HHt
+−
=
Species richness and niche dynamics
73
Summer
2.5
2.72.9
3.13.3
Kibber (1) Gya-Miru (2) Hemis (3)
Number of sympatric species
Nic
he w
idth
Winter
2.32.5
2.72.9
Kibber (1) Gya-Miru (2) Hemis (3)
Number of sympatric species
Nic
he w
idth
Chapter 5
74
Species richness and niche dynamics
75
11.5
22.5
33.5
Kibber (1) Gya-Miru(2)
Hemis (3) Yeniugou(6)
Number of sympatric species
Nic
he w
idth
Chapter 5
76
Species richness and niche dynamics
77
Chapter 5
78
Species richness and niche dynamics
79
Chapter 5
80
Co-distribution of urial and blue sheep
81
CHAPTER 6
Chapter 6
82
Co-distribution of urial and blue sheep
83
Chapter 6
84
Co-distribution of urial and blue sheep
85
Chapter 6
86
=22 .
.
PikPij
PikPijOjk
Co-distribution of urial and blue sheep
87
Chapter 6
88
Co-distribution of urial and blue sheep
89
Blue sheep Ladakh urial Available-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4
Decreasing Altitude
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5D
ecre
asin
g Sl
ope
Angl
e
Blue sheep Ladakh urial Available-6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4
Decreasing Altitude
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
Incr
easin
g Sl
ope
Angl
e
Chapter 6
90
Co-distribution of urial and blue sheep
91
Chapter 6
92
Co-distribution of urial and blue sheep
93
Chapter 6
94
Synthesis
95
Chapter 7
96
Synthesis
97
Chapter 7
98
Synthesis
99
Chapter 7
100
Synthesis
101
Chapter 7
102
Synthesis
103
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
2 3Number of sympatric species
Nich
e wi
dth
Blue sheep
Ladakh urial
y = 0.5026x + 1.4736R2 = 0.957
y = 0.5949x + 1.3359R2 = 0.9768
01234567
0 2 4 6 8 10
Species rank
In b
ody
mas
s
Chapter 7
104
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Graminoidvegetative
Non-graminoidvegetative
Non-graminoidgenerative
Others
Diet composition
Perc
enta
ge
Gya-Miru
Hemis
Synthesis
105
Chapter 7
106
Synthesis
107
Chapter 7
108
Synthesis
109
Chapter 7
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
PUBLICATIONS
118
119
120
121
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