Graangids 2020_cover.indd - SA Grain

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ADVERTISEMENT CO-ORDINATOR

KOLBE MEDIACape Town

JURGEN VAN ONSELEN

Tel/fax: 021 976 4482Cell: 082 417 [email protected]

OWNER/PUBLISHER

GRAIN SAPO BOX 74087LYNNWOOD RIDGE0040

Tel: 086 004 7246www.grainsa.co.za

GRAPHIC DESIGNERMARISA FOURIEInfoworks

PUBLISHING TEAMELIZMA MYBURGHINGRID BAILEYInfoworks

PROJECT CO-ORDINATORJOHAN SMITInfoworks

Tel: 018 468 [email protected]

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GRAINGuide20

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Your contacts in agriculturesuccess

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ect

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SCHMILTZ MARKETINGJohannesburg

RUTH SCHULTZ

Tel: 081 480 6413Cell: 083 583 [email protected]

UPDATED CONTACTS and HOW-TO info at your service

To let Grain Guide 2020 see the light has been an exciting ride for the editorial team of SA Graan/Grain, simply because this specialised project has become a well-estab-lished yearly tradition in the grain and oilseed industry.

The Grain Guide started off as a three or four-pager section in the January issue of the magazine more than 20 years ago after a need from seed and fertiliser suppliers to introduce their market-ing teams for the new year in full colour. Soon the rest of the agricultural supplier family followed suit – to such an extent that SA Graan/Grain’s Grain Guide over the years grew into an annual edition standing on its own two feet and known especially for its updated contacts in agriculture and complete how to-content.This year Grain Guiders can indulge in a 152-page edition to take them into 2020. The ring bound, easy to use and easy to navigate guide is printed in English, distributed with SA Graan/Grain’s January issue and is also available online for free on the sagrainmag.co.za website in English and in Afrikaans.We are proud of the fact that the who’s who of the agricultural sector’s suppliers is included in the Grain Guide. A quick glance at the 12 sections of this year’s edition accentuates the fact that it is truly representative of the entire grain and oilseed value chain, from farm to fork. It includes the following topics:• Inputs (e.g. fi nance, seed, implements/equipment,

fertiliser, aglime and gypsum, irrigation)• Post emergence (integrated pest control)• Technology• Storage and marketing• Livestock• Grain SA• Developing Agriculture• Farm management tips

Johan Smit, Grain Guide project co-ordinator

We strive to constantly improve the Grain Guide. Please contact us with suggestions or feedback. Send an

email to [email protected] or call 018 468 2716.

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CONTENTS

Position yourself for next 30 years – Jaco Minnaar 4Harness production and marketing to maximise yields – Jannie de Villiers 5Important Grain SA dates in 2020 6

SEEDBreeding and technology levy shows momentum 9National yield competition aims to build synergy 14Plan thoroughly before planting maize 17Plant depth tips 20Cultivar data for summer and winter crops available online 22How to prevent incorrect seed placement 22Use cover crops to combat soil deterioration 23Seed quality concerns? Consider these steps 28Approach seed treatment with caution 29Store seed correctly for future use 30

IMPLEMENTS/EQUIPMENTFuel effi ciency with correct mechanisation practices 35Good diesel quality remains key 39Blow the whistle on poor after-sales 42Diesel rebate: do’s and don’ts 44

FERTILISERHow to go about with fertiliser complaints 49Summary of local agricultural lime and gypsum resources 51Quality of fertiliser and lime tested again 61

PEST CONTROLDon’t walk on the wild side with inputs 66Knock gerbils out the correct way 69Putting empty cans and seed bags where it belongs 71Suspect agrochemicals – how to deal with it 72Publications on offer at the ARC 76Address agri-pests effectively 79A closer look at integrated pest management 80

Grade differentials for wheat 84Useful trading mindmap 842020 Grain marketing calendar 86Get a grip on terms 88

STORAGE AND MARKETING

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Vision, mission and Management Committee 120Grain SA’s Executive per region 121Chairpersons of Specialist Working Groups and committees 126Grain SA carries grain and oilseed flag industry-wide (as on 7 March 2019) 127How to become a member of Grain SA 130SA Graan/Grain – mouthpiece and knowledge partner 133

grain sa

Agri-courses for developing farmers 90Programme strives for sustainable production on every ha of arable land 93

Run a farm like a business 107Who to turn to for help 108Useful web pages and Twitter handles 111

Developing agriculture

Irrigation management tips 96

To drone or not to drone… 100Grain SA members do it digitally 103 Contact these guys for precision farming 103Farming apps to tap in 2020 104

Select the right feed crops 114Lick and health programme for spring calf system 116Certified feed analysis starts here 118

irrigation

technology

animals

Finance

relevantContacts: General 137Top tips for burning veld 140Approach the CCMA proactively 142Retrenchment – How to manage it 143Firearms: What are your rights? 144Measurement, conversion tables and formulae 145Rainfall calendar 2020 148Index of advertisers 152Calendar 2020 and 2021 (inside back page)

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Since the late 1900s, the world is predicted to experience large-scale food shortages by as early as 2020, mainly due to the growing global population, limited natural resources and its destruction as well as developing countries, especially China’s, demand for commodities.

Growth in ethanol production has substantially increased grain prices to about three times more than the 33-year average (1973 - 2006). Everyone believed the prediction was right, but that it only realised earlier. High grain prices continued until around 2012 when world surpluses impacted negatively on prices. Commodity prices and profi tability subsequently dropped even to levels lower than in 1973 with a prevailing large world supply of grain.

Locally, rainfall has decreased sharply since 2012, especially in the western areas. 2011 was largely the last year it rained more than the long-term average. Smaller yields, lower grain prices and lower profi tability continued, resulting in the dire situation in which most producers, but particularly grain producers, fi nd themselves.

It is extremely important that we realise this is not business as usual. Therefore, producers need to constantly adapt and improve to stay in the international and local races. We need to look at our own competitiveness and ask ourselves critical questions about whether grain production is still sustainable in our areas. Alternatives to grain cultivation – for example crops, cultivation methods, the building up and management of our natural resources and their impact on the risk profi le of our businesses – must be determined. Risk management is becoming an increasingly important component of our business management and must be handled as such.

We will mainly survive and remain competitive by dealing with our natural resources more eff ectively. Conservation agriculture and all its forms off er various options and solutions. Defi nitely make sure what works in your area and what doesn’t, what principles apply and how it can be achieved. Unfortunately, this is not a one size fi ts all solution and much research is still needed.

Optimise production by producing more with less, because economies of scale especially address one’s overhead costs. If you can expand your business by incurring little additional costs, you become more effi cient and production costs per ton decrease. It off ers greater bargaining power and probably enables better input and marketing prices, which puts you at the forefront. However, scale has an advantage only if a producer can produce on a larger scale just as eff ectively as before, otherwise the wheels fall off . Be aware of the critical size or sustainable growth your business can handle.

A second method of optimising production is by intensifying. Do what you do better: Effi cient management of your land, inputs, marketing, self-management, training and utilisation of better technology. New research conducted around the world predicts that the largest increase in production will occur due to better production practices.

In all these aspects, partnerships with your input providers and customers are paramount. As managers of our own businesses, it is almost impossible to take into account all factors that can have an impact on production. Utilise the available experts and specialists to help guide your thinking and test ideas. Engage suppliers and customers in your business, share with them your

JACO MINNAAR, Chairperson

NEXT 30 YEARS

OPTIMISE PRODUCTION BY PRODUCING MORE WITH LESS,

BECAUSE ECONOMIES OF SCALE ESPECIALLY ADDRESS

ONE’S OVERHEAD COSTS

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Each harvest year brings its own unique challenges. There are certain adjustments that have to be made every year to remain sustainable and then there are some fundamental things one needs to do each year in order to survive. For grain producers there are two

focus areas: production and marketing.

Regarding production, there are always new things to take care of in order to increase yield and adjustments to be made to save costs. Our input industry plays a huge role in this regard to innovate with research and technology – thereby helping to optimise yields. The Grain Guide seeks to ensure that you as the producer has access to all available support to manage your grain economy in the best possible way.

South Africa’s input industry is well-developed and grows together with the climate challenges and tight economic conditions to support our producers. A part of the annual adjustments is to make sure you are informed of what is new and how you can do things diff erently on the farm so as to grow in the circumstances.

However, when the seed is in the soil, only half the matter has been concluded. The marketing side of our business can easily sink an eff ective production process. Producers often tend not to pay enough attention to marketing. Sometimes there is a greater probability to realise an additional R30/ton by means of marketing than via the production process. In this respect the South African market is also well-developed and there is more than enough expertise to assist producers in this regard.

A fundamental aspect that can never change, is that after you have compiled all the knowl-edge and information, you have to make the decisions yourself. It is precisely this virtue and character of South African grain producers that are recognised and admired all around the world. Let’s keep it that way!

All the best for the new year ahead.

JANNIE DE VILLIERS

JANNIE DE VILLIERS, CEO

HARNESS PRODUCTION AND MARKETING to maximise yields

challenges and listen to theirs, plan together and come up with solutions. This is how you establish your business to be sustainable for the next 30 years.

Choose your partners right and help them help you, but also make sure that you are their partner of choice, that they get what you are seeking in a good partner: sincerity, honesty and trust – someone who truly adds value.

May you be blessed on your farm; may you be blessed in what you and your partners endeavour and may you be blessed as you help to contribute so that South Africa and the world have enough food to eat!

JACO MINNAAR

Position yourself for...

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IMPORTANT GRAIN SA DATES in 2020(as at 6 December 2019)

JANUARY16 Grain SA Audit Committee17 Grain SA Canola Working Group20 Grain SA Marketing Working Group Sunfl ower and Soybean Forum21 Grain SA Executive Committee (Dagbestuur)22 Grain SA Winter Cereal Working Group24 Grain SA SA Graan/Grain Editorial Committee

FEBRUARY4 Grain SA Executive (Hoofbestuur)5 Grain SA Maize Working Group11 Grain SA Groundnuts Working Group12 Grain SA Sorghum Working Group18 Grain SA Sunfl ower and Soybean

Working Group21 Grain SA SA Graan/Grain Editorial Committee26 Grain SA Production/Input Working Group27 Grain SA NAMPO Harvest Day Committee

MARCH4 - 5 Grain SA Congress, NAMPO Park5 Grain SA Executive (Hoofbestuur)20 Grain SA SA Graan/Grain Editorial Committee

APRIL2 Grain SA Farmer Development Working Group15 - 16 Grain SA Executive Committee (Dagbestuur)

planning session24 Grain SA SA Graan/Grain Editorial Committee

MAY12 - 15 NAMPO Harvest Day, NAMPO Park 22 Grain SA SA Graan/Grain Editorial Committee27 Grain SA Winter Cereal Working Group28 Grain SA Production/Input Working Group

JUNE2 Grain SA Marketing Working Group3 Grain SA Executive Committee (Dagbestuur)4 Grain SA NAMPO Harvest Day Committee25 Grain SA Barley Working Group26 Grain SA SA Graan/Grain Editorial Committee

JULY15 - 17 Agbiz Congress22 - 23 Grain SA Executive (Hoofbestuur)24 Grain SA SA Graan/Grain Editorial Committee

AUGUST4 Grain SA Groundnuts Working Group7 Grain SA Canola Working Group12 Grain SA Sorghum Working Group18 Grain SA Maize Working Group19 Grain SA Winter Cereal Working Group21 Grain SA SA Graan/Grain Editorial Committee25 Grain SA Audit Committee26 Grain SA Sunfl ower and Soybean

Working Group

SEPTEMBER1 TAU SA Congress2 - 5 Swartland Show8 - 11 NAMPO Cape15 Grain SA Executive Committee (Dagbestuur)18 Grain SA SA Graan/Grain Editorial Committee24 - 26 NAMPO Alfa, NAMPO Park29 Grain SA Farmer Development Working Group Grain SA Production/Input Working Group30 Grain SA Day of Celebration

OCTOBER1 Grain SA Executive (Hoofbestuur)8 - 9 Agri SA Kongres/Congress16 Grain SA SA Graan/Grain Editorial Committee23 Grain SA Awards/Grain Producer Function27 Grain SA Marketing Working Group Grain SA Remuneration Committee28 Grain SA Executive Committee (Dagbestuur)

NOVEMBER20 Grain SA SA Graan/Grain Editorial Committee26 - 28 NAMPO Christmas Market, NAMPO Park

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harvest

QUALITY

INSTITUTION EMAIL NUMBERSA Cultivar and Technology Agency (SACTA) [email protected] 012 807 3958South African National Seed Organisation (SANSOR) [email protected] 012 472 9518

CONTACTS

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Bayer

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BREEDING and TECHNOLOGY LEVYshows momentum

A breeding and technology levy for soybeans was established in March 2019 to com-pensate soybean breeders for their investment in genetics and technology. After talks between Grain SA and various seed companies, several benefi ts or positive outcomes

were identifi ed that have become visible since the levy was implemented.

new cultivars for the new season

Soybean yields in SA

than in other countries

New technology: Multi-national seed and technology companies have indicated that they are bringing new seed technology for soybeans to South Africa (with this levy as pre-requisite). Bayer has already completed the trial work (two years) and has applied for the registration of their Intacta RR2 Pro technology. This technology contains genes that provide resistance against Africa bollworm, as well as the Round-up Ready 2 gene. It is expected to be commercially available by the 2021/2022 production season.

Corteva is also going to start with trials this coming season to bring their latest soybean technology (Concesta E3) to South Africa. In addition, the company Bioceres from Argentina, which developed the HB 4 gene (with drought resistance), indicated that they are also going to test this technology in South Africa.

6 40% lower fall by -1,9% Seed prices

for the fi rst time in 15 years

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GRAPH 1: SOYBEAN SEED PRICE INDEX

Prices of seed: After the announce-ment of the levy, seed prices of soybeans decreased for the fi rst time in 15 years with an average base (-1,9%) over the past season. As can be seen in Graph 1, the seed prices of soybeans increased by 97% over the past 15 years.

New companies: There is more in-terest from international companies to establish themselves in South Africa. One of the leading soybean seed companies in South America, Don Mario, has indicated that they are coming to South Africa.

New breeders: In addition to the new seed companies showing interest and therefore adding to the extra breeding capacity, Link Seed appointed a new soybean seed breeder and support team in South Africa in 2019.

Breeding and technology...

Corné Louw, senior economist: Inputs, Grain SA

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BESTUURSKONTAKTE NAAM KONTAKNOMMERVerkoopsbestuurder Jaco Snyman 0823305570Agronomiebestuurder Emile van den Berg 0828067452Bemarkingsbestuurder Germa Kieser 0825742272

AREA AREABESTUURDER KONTAKNOMMERKWAZULU-NATAL / OOS-KAAP Jacques Minnaar 0663052461MPUMALANGA Gerhard Marais 0828067931OOS-VRYSTAAT Martin Monk 0795146959MPUMALANGA / GAUTENG Puna Maree 0768121514MPUMALANGA / LIMPOPO Jacobus Dürr 0795252340SENTRALE-VRYSTAAT / NOORDWES Gert Naudé 0764312257NOORDWES Nelis Potgieter 0712912612NOORD-KAAP / OOS-KAAP Dawie Human 0832864943WES-VRYSTAAT Jaco Snyman 0823305570

AREA LANDBOUKUNDIGE KONTAKNOMMERKWAZULU-NATAL / OOS-KAAP De Bruyn Myburg 0826988117MPUMALANGA / GAUTENG / LIMPOPO Roelof le Roux 0836270050MPUMALANGA / LIMPOPO PR Janse van Rensburg 0826352897SENTRALE-VRYSTAAT / OOS-VRYSTAAT Martin Brandt 0823030698WES-VRYSTAAT / NOORDWES Philip Fourie 0829093262NOORD-KAAP / OOS-KAAP AJ Steyn 0836273788PRODUK LANDBOUKUNDIGE Mauritz van Heerden 0828853962PRODUK LANDBOUKUNDIGE Johan Kock 0716814039

KLEINSKAAL BOERE / TENDERS AGENT KONTAKNOMMERKLEINSKAAL BOERE / TENDERS Harry Matebese 0837694257KLEINSKAAL BOERE / TENDERS Charles Matlou 0833277015

®, TM Trademarks and service marks of Dow AgroSciences, DuPont and Pioneer and affiliated companies or their respective owners.

Wetenskap Met Diens, Lewer Sukses

HOOFKANTOOR ALGEMENE NAVRAETel: 012 683 5700 E-pos: [email protected]

ADRESWestlaan 272, Lakefield Kantoorblok, Blok A, 2e Vloer, Centurion, Gauteng

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Pioneer

KWAZULU-NATAL EN KAAP

Petrus van Rooyen082 822 6438

Reggie Mchunu082 098 5242

VERKOOPS-BESTUURDER

BESIGHEIDS-ONTWIKKELINGBESTUURDER

Delia Thomson060 970 0717

LANDBOU-KUNDIGE

Phelisa Ndayi064 850 8097

CISKEI/OOS-KAAP

Duwal Edwards083 228 5951

OOS-LONDEN

Andrew du Plessis082 332 4870

KOKSTAD

Eugene Marais083 777 7091

NOORDOOS- KAAP

Gavin Thomson076 489 8343

KWAZULU-NATAL MIDDELLANDE

Jannie de Bruyn082 457 2245

SWELLENDAM

Frik Moolman082 973 6671

VRYHEID

Gavin Robinson083 627 5769

WINTERTON

Welcome Zulu082 973 6604

ZULULAND

GAUTENG, SUID-MPUMALANGA EN OOS-VRYSTAAT

Carl Otto079 523 9980

VERKOOPS-BESTUURDER

Nico Barnard083 417 4795

LANDBOU-KUNDIGE

Loftie van den Berg082 375 0277

BETHLEHEM

Gerrit Nel073 246 9416

FRANKFORT/BALFOUR

Mechiel Groenewald066 475 6178

HARRISMITH

Tinus van Rensburg082 556 9325

HEIDELBERG

Nelia Louw083 455 6909

PARYS/HEILBRON

Stephan le Roux078 612 4065

POTCHEFSTROOM/VEREENIGING

Ras Meintjes082 925 7167

REITZ

Francois Mellett 083 526 4123

STANDERTON

GEÏNSPIREER DEUR DIE NATUUR, GEDRYF DEUR WETENSKAPBy Pannar het ons die kuns van kultivarseleksie in ‘n wetenskap verander. Deur die vaardighede en kundigheid van ons landboukundiges en verkoopspan maak ons pasmaak wetenskaplik onder-steunde aanbevelings vir u spesifi eke wisselbou- en produksiestelsel, om u sukses te optimaliseer.

Saam boer ons vir die toekoms™ms™

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GRAIN GUID

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Pannar

WES-VRYSTAAT

Jaco Naude083 287 0949

VERKOOPS-BESTUURDER

Hendrik Linde079 527 7695

LANDBOU-KUNDIGE

Charl van der Merwe082 785 1216

BLOEMFONTEIN

Robbie Prehn (Robvil)082 550 7193

BOTHAVILLE

Stefan Prehn (Robvil)082 417 7193

BOTHAVILLE

Drian Scheepers082 448 5704

KROONSTAD

Rossouw Grobbelaar083 501 4010

SENEKAL/FICKSBURG

Ben Zengerink 082 927 9399

VILJOENSKROON

Le Roux (Botter) Breytenbach084 451 9050

WELKOM

Martin Maartens082 377 3618

WESSELSBRON

Hannelie Martin083 967 7858

HOOPSTAD

NOORD-KAAP

Flip Botha082 650 4525

VERKOOPS-BESTUURDER

Klaas van Wyk072 665 6488

LANDBOU-KUNDIGE

Johannes Fourie083 260 4182

PRIESKA/UPINGTON

Fanie Schoeman083 650 7299

JACOBSDAL

Riaan Janse van Vuuren082 782 1287

HOPETOWN/DOUGLAS

Christo Nel 082 856 5430

BLOEMHOF/CHRISTIANA/VAALHARTS/BARKLEY-WES

OOSTELIKE HOËVELD EN LIMPOPO

André du Randt082 454 5543

VERKOOPS-BESTUURDER

Gerhard Engelbrecht082 322 5134

LANDBOU-KUNDIGE

Christo Jacobs083 283 4251

BELA-BELA

Willem du Plessis071 676 2296

BETHAL

Fanie Roux082 928 7378

CAROLINA

Zander Labuschagne076 510 6150

DELMAS

Joe Payne082 456 8120

ERMELO

Dawie Jacobs 083 455 7969

LYDENBURG

Frana Joubert083 388 2617

MIDDELBURG

Bheki Dlamini082 411 1349

MPUMALANGA/LIMPOPO

Paul Minnaar 083 996 0284

BRITS/PRETORIA

NOORDWES

Jannie Blignaut083 659 5400

VERKOOPS-BESTUURDER

Corné van der Westhuizen082 570 8240

LANDBOU-KUNDIGE

Jannie van Aswegen083 449 4526

COLIGNY

Cornel Ferreira079 878 6486

DELAREYVILLE

Phillip Nel060 995 7288

KOSTER

Ben Dunhin082 785 7503

LICHTENBURG

Hendrik Mokoto082 767 7333

MAFIKENG

Pokkenos Otto071 552 5511

SANNIESHOF

Johann Botes083 780 6197

SCHWEIZER-RENEKE/VRYBURG

Pieter Geldenhuys082 929 0570

Riaan Jacobs082 613 3436

VENTERSDORP WOLMARANSSTAD

®, TM, SM Trademarks and service marks of Dow AgroSciences, DuPont or Pioneer, and their affiliated companies or their respective owners. © 2020 Pannar Seed (Pty) Ltd. Picture Credit: Linde Meintjes

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Consultation with all seed companies for the establishment of a standard protocol, thus ensuring that all par-ticipating seed companies and grain producers are assessed at the same level and on the same criteria.

It off ers producers the opportunity to learn more and learn from fellow producers.

A platform for grain producers to test new technologies, production practices and ideas with a view to maximising yields.

Grain SA, with the partnership of all seed companies, off ers produc-ers the opportunity to compare all cultivars, technically brushed over the same comb, within unique and individual production practices.

Grain producers will be able to compete in various categories including dryland and irrigation. They will be classed into both regional and national participa-tion, and innovative production practices and smart farming plans will be encouraged to achieve the highest yields per hectare, regard-less of the cultivar planted.

To realise the successful presentation of a National Yield Competition, the support of ag-ricultural partners is paramount and Grain SA is proud to announce that Pioneer, supported by Corteva, will be the main sponsor of the prestigious event.

‘Yield is an important component of a grain producer’s profi tability together with effi ciency, and therefore it is important for producers to learn what can be done and under which cir-cumstances,’ said Dr Dirk Strydom, manager: Grain Economy and Marketing of Grain SA, at the competition’s launch in September 2019.

Adding to this, Jannie de Villiers, CEO of Grain SA, concluded: ‘Grain SA is committed

to promoting the effi ciency and sustainability of grain producers. In an environment with un-predictable production conditions and markets, innovative practices to deliver higher yields for producers can be invaluable. And what better opportunity for producers than to learn from their peers.’

The competition is structured to create synergy between individual seed companies’ regional competi-tions with an overarching national competition. Each seed company will continue to present its regional yield competitions, from which winners can enter into the national com petition hosted under the Grain SA fl ag.

Dr Dirk Strydom, manager: Grain Economy and Marketing, Grain SA

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Grain SA launched a National Yield Competition which will kick off in 2020. Similar competi-tions are already taking place locally and internationally. Here is what the competition entails:

NATIONAL YIELD COMPETITIONAIMS TO BUILD SYNERGY

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Sensako

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Link Seed

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DPLANTING MAIZEPlan thoroughly before

Successful crop production largely depends on the correct and proper applications of production inputs that will minimise the cost of these inputs and sustain the natural resources and the environment.

The inputs for maize production generally include the available mechanisation tools, soil tillage option, crop rotation, adapted cultivars, plant population, fertilisation, weeding, insect and disease control and harvesting. Careful planning for each of the inputs that are necessary and the applica-tions thereafter should be considered before planting or even after last season’s harvesting.

Soil tillage versus no-till

Soil tillage refers to any targeted move-ment of soil physical structure exerted by mechanical implement. It is the major part of the mechanisation system for crop production and the biggest cost factor in mechanisation inputs. Soil tillage properly applied can help maintain or improve soil structure and keep clean of weeds. However, soil tillage can be costly due to the vast amount of furl energy requirement and it may cause big loss of soil moisture and wind erosion before planting.

In the past two decades, no-till which is often referred to as a major concept of conservation agriculture (CA), has become a popular farming practice for maize production. In comparison with conventional farming no-till has major advantages such as reduced energy consumption and labour cost, decreased soil disturbance and erosion, and improved soil moisture reservation. The disadvantages of no-till include higher application of and specially adapted planters.

Whether adopting no-till or conventional soil tillage, the most important part of the planting preparation will be the planter and its calibration because the productivity and hence the profi tability of the maize production will largely depend on planter performance.

Technicality of the farm plan

The following information farm plan is needed before planting preparation:

Target seed population per hectare.

Advised amount of fertiliser applica-tion in kilograms per hectare for your soil.

Average row distance in metres.

Crop cultivar seed to suit your soil and target yield.

Preparation for a planter

The planter preparation can be sum-marised as follows:

Thoroughly read the operational manuals and understand the recom-mended calibration instructions of your planter.

Check drive gears or sprockets and know the gear ratios from drive wheel to seed and fertiliser hoppers.

Select correct seeding plate/disk which has proper size of holes along disk circumference to give a seed drop with a minimum of doubles or skips.

Count the number of the circumfer-ential holes.

Understand the adjustment mecha-nism for fertiliser when necessary.

Combining drive gear ratios and number of holes on seeding disk/plate should give pre-set estimated seed population and spacing.

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For more information, contact Dr Tingmin Yu at

[email protected] or 012 842 4090.

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Bring your planter with tractor to fi eld side.

Measure a 10 m distance and mark with two easily identifi ed markers.

Load minimum seeds into a side unit of the seed hoppers.

Take the rubber/plastic seed pipe from the seed boot so that the seeds can be planted on soil surface and easily seen.

Run the planter and tractor as nor-mal planting over the 10 m distance.

Check the furrow opening, plant-ing depth, soil cover and soil press to satisfaction. Make adjustment if necessary.

Count the number of the seeds planted over the 10 m distance and check any doubles or skips.

The seed population per hectare can be calculated by the following equation:

Fertiliser calibration in fi eld

Bring your tractor with planter to your fi eld side.

Meaure a 10 m distance and identify with two easily observed markers.

Load minimum fertiliser into a side unit of the fertiliser hoppers.

Take the rubber/plastic fertiliser pipe from the fertiliser boot so that the fertiliser will be planted and easily collected by a container.

Run the planter and tractor as normal planting while collecting the fertiliser by a container over this 10 m distance.

Get the weight of the fertiliser plant-ed in grams over the 10 m distance.

The fertiliser amount applied can be calculated by the following equation:

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Plan thoroughly before...17

Compare the calibrated results with your planned target seed population per hectare. If necessary, make adjustment by selecting diff erent seed disk/plate or diff erent gear ratio and repeat the above procedure.

Compare the calibrated results with your planned target fertiliser application in kilograms per hectare. If necessary, make adjustment and repeat the above procedure.

N = 1 000 x n/dWhere N = planting seed population per

hectare n = seed number counted over

10 m distance d = average row distance in metres

Example:If the row distance is 0,9 m and the seeds planted are counted as 33 over 10 m, the planting seed population per hectare is calculated as:

N = 1 000 x 33/0,9 = 36 667 plants per hectare

W = w/dWhere W = fertiliser applied in kilograms

per hectare w = fertiliser weight in grams

planted over 10 m distance d = row distance in metres

Example:If the row distance is 0,9 m and the fer-tiliser planted is collected and weighted as 140 g over 10 m, the fertiliser to be applied per hectare is calculated as:

W = 140/0,9 = 155,6 kg per hectare

Dr Tingmin Yu and Johan van Biljon, ARC-Agricultural Engineering

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ED PLANT DEPTH

Look at plant depth where the planting equipment planted at operational speed, and not where planting was done very slowly.

Make sure that the correct planter speed is used. If the planter moves too quickly, the seeds can bounce and roll or stretch the interplant spacing. This will lead to fewer plants being planted per hectare, which will lead to a lower yield.

Use row cleaners where there is a lot of stubble on the surface. This causes a higher temperature in the plant row. Planters with a downward pressure mechanism improve even emergence.

The following factors are necessary for any seed to germinate optimally: Live seed, enough moisture, a favourable temperature, and a medium through which the coleoptile/hypocotyl can grow easily. The basis for optimal crop performance is an even and

proportionate emergence.

A few general tips about plant depth are given below:

1

2Where fertiliser is administered with the planter in the plant furrow, one needs to keep in mind that if fertiliser is placed too close to the seeds it can burn seeds due to a too high salt content. A general rule is 5 cm away from and 5 cm below the seed.

5

Check fertiliser placement when using a furrow opener. There are planter types that can place the fertiliser closer to the seed or even above the seed. Fertiliser placed directly next to the seed or even above the seed can infl uence germination negatively.

63

Success can also be obtained with furrow openers, where the soil in the plant furrow is moved away to get to the moisture. However, problems may develop, especially when high-intensity rainfall fol-lows the planting process, which then leads to the plant furrow silting up and thus covering the seed too deeply to emerge. The same phenomenon can be seen with sandy soil, which is prone to blowing, where the plant furrow is then covered with wind-blown material.

4

The complete article, “Die raaisel van plantdiepte ondersoek,” appeared in SA Graan/Grain

of March 2019, p 31. Read it online at sagrainmag.co.za

Pieter Rademeyer, chief agriculturist, Pannar Seed

TIPS

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COVER CROPS Use to combat soil deterioration

REASONS FOR USING COVER CROPS

USAGE GUIDELINES

Restoration and improvement of soil health and biological diversity.

Improvement of resilience, risk and sustainability of crop rotation systems.

The economically and ecologically sustainable integration of livestock.

Combating global warming through the sequestration of atmospheric carbon in the soil and the restoration of the water cycle in the environment.

The control and management of weeds, diseases and pests.

More effi cient use of water (from rain or irrigation). The suitability of cover crop species

should be assessed on the farm in small demonstration trials.

Assess the need for fertilisation, liming and irrigation.

Implement the correct plant, fertilisa-tion, irrigation and weed control practices and continuously adjust as conditions change.

Use a suitable grazing practice – ultra-high grazing is strongly recommended.

Manage grazing to provide good livestock production per hectare rather than production per animal.

Producers should consider more sustainable and profi table practices like conservation agriculture (CA) in order to counteract and even reverse the process of soil deterioration and climate change. One of the principles of CA is diversifi cation and integration of crop

and animal species, which includes the use of cover crops.

HOW TO CHOOSEFunctional plant groups

It is important to understand and use the properties and functions of the different plant groups.

Legumes are used the most for nitrogen contributions.

Grass crops are used more commonly to control soil erosion and weeds, for nutri-ent recycling and carbon fixation, as well as to improve soil structure.

Brassicas (cabbage plants) are used to reduce soil compaction and improve soil structure, as well as to recycle nutrients and suppress diseases and weeds.

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After maize or soybeans, or late in the growing season (as a winter cover crop or late intercrop)

Late intercrop cultivation is the technique of sowing winter cover crops in a mature grain crop. The cover crops germinate and grow slowly under die foliage (see Photo 1).

When the maize/soybeans are harvested in autumn or winter, the cover crops are already established and the growth resumes, which saves valuable time.

The intercrop will usually grow much more throughout the winter and spring than any cover crop sowed after the grain harvest.

The following cover crops can be used in this way (preferably in a mixture):

Grasses: Rye grain, annual ryegrass, wheat, oats or triticale (see Photo 2).

Brassicas: Oilseed or Tillage radish or turnips.

Legume: Vetch or clover.

Besides the benefit to livestock integration there are numerous other economic and environmental benefits.

Use cover crops...23

Cover crop rotations and associations with cash crops

The next section provides information on different cover crops that are grown together with, between or after cash crops. The emphasis falls on the summer rainfall area of South Africa. These crops should preferably be planted as a multi-species mixture and utilised by way of ultra-high-density grazing. The ideal situation is to have a variety of living roots in the soil throughout the year to improve the health of the soil.

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For more information, contact Dr Wayne Truter at [email protected], Prof Chris Dannhauser at [email protected], Dr Hendrik Smith at [email protected], or Mr Gerrie Trytsman at [email protected].

During the growing season of cash crops (as green ley)

Crops like babala, feed sorghum, sunfl ower, cowpeas, soybeans, mung beans, dolichos lablab, velvet bean, sun hemp and jack bean can be used (see Photo 3).

The time of termination depends on the need to store or preserve groundwater for the next crop.

In the growing season, at the same time as maize (as intercrop)

Non-creepers (like cowpea, bush-Mucuna or velvet bean) or creepers (dolichos lablab and velvet bean) can be sown two to eight weeks after maize was planted.

However, later plantings have a smaller impact on maize yield.

The earlier the cover crop is sown, the greater is the soil protection and weed suppression obtained.

In small-scale systems, intercrops are also planted as source of food, for example dry beans or cowpeas and their residues can also be used for animal feed (see Photo 4).

Dr Hendrik Smith, conservation agriculture facilitator, Grain SA

Use cover crops...

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HOEKOM JY MOETDEKGEWASSE PLANTDekgewasse rehabiliteer, herstel en bestuur

grondgesondheid

• Organiese materiaal• Buffer pH• Grond mikrobes• Sirkuleer nutriënte

grondstruktuur

• Aggregaat stabiliteit• Deurlugting•

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• Verminder N-loging• Beheer erosie•

bestuur peste • Onderdruk onkruid• Onderdruk siektes• Onderdruk nematodes

Johannesburg: 8 Jacobs Street, Chamdor, Krugersdorp, South Africa, 1740 Tel: +27 11 762 5261 • Fax: +27 11 762 4111

Cape Town: Tel: +27 21 552 0456

KwaZulu-Natal: Tel: +27 33 346 0639

[email protected] • www.agtfoods.com/za

mikrobes

www.agtfoods.co.za

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TIPS SUPPLIED BY DALRRD Only buy from registered seed suppliers.

Producers are recommended to keep record of batch code numbers.

Labels attached to seed bags should state the name of the fi rm, as well as the lot number, germination group and type of seed.

When purchasing seed, request an analysis certifi cate of the quality of the seed lot concerned, issued by a registered laboratory. The laboratory report shouldn’t be older than three months.

Producers are advised to retain the actual bag containing all the necessary traceable informa-tion, as well as the invoice for reference purposes.

Contact the seed repre-sentative and insist on an investigation on site.

Keep a record of dates and conversations.

Gather and write down as much information as possible, take photos or make videos to refer back to later.

Producers who suspect or experience any problems with seed quality, can take the following steps:

CONTACT PERSONS

SEED QUALITY CONCERNS?CONSIDER THESE STEPS

1 2 3


Contact an independent scientist to do an investigation on site. Contact the Department of Agriculture, Land Reform and Rural Development (DALRRD) if the matter is still not resolved.

For members, inform Grain SA if the seed company cannot provide the required attention and solutions for the relevant problems.

If the problem is not resolved, do not wait too long before considering the next steps:

A

B

A trade control investigation will be carried out in terms of the Plant Improvement Act.C

Eastern Cape regional representatives:GERALD JACK Port Elizabeth, 041 484 2725

FELICITY DANIELSPort Elizabeth, 041 484 2725

Free State regional representative:ZANELE BUHLUNGUBloemfontein, 051 406 0967

Gauteng regional representative:CHRISTO BOTHAPretoria, 012 319 6139

Western Cape regional representative:CHRISTO GOUWSStellenbosch, 021 809 1709

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AGROCHEMICALS ARE SOMETIMES WRONGLY USED FOR SEED

TREATMENT TO COMBAT THE EFFECT OF GERBILS. THIS CREATES THE RISK OF NEGATIVELY AFFECTING SEED GERMINATION, AND IT CAN ALSO CAUSE ENVIRONMENTAL

DAMAGE WHEN SEED IS SPILT DURING PLANTING AND EATEN BY

BIRDS AND ANIMALS.'– Dr Gerhard Verdoorn

SEED TREATMENT APPROACH

WITH CAUTION

TREATING SEED YOURSELF COULD NEGATIVELY AFFECT GERMINATIONSeed companies do not guarantee the quality of seed if the seed treatment is not done by the seed company itself, or by a registered chemical supplier. The treatment for rhizobia is excluded.A chemical supplier who conducts the treatment, must be able to ensure that the treatment will not affect the germination. The chemicals used must also be registered in terms of Act no. 36 of 1947 and preferably be recommended by the seed company.

InteliSeed

‘Seed treatment should be approached

with caution. Producers must ensure that appropriate and responsible

gerbil management plans are implemented. Proven management plans that include rodenticides are available, therefore pro-ducers are advised to follow these man-agement plans. Contact Dr Verdoorn at 082 446 89 46 or [email protected] in connection with these plans.


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ED STORE SEED correctly for future use

According to the South African National Seed Organisation (SANSOR), the conditions under which seed is stored are a decisive factor in the yield potential of the seed. Factors that have an infl uence include:

HANDLING OF SEEDDo not throw down bags with seed, as rough handling cause the seed to burst or be damaged. Internal damage is often only visible after germination, and leads to reduced vigour and yield.

LONGEVITYAs seeds age, they gradually lose viability. Maize and sunfl ower seed can be stored for two to three sea-sons, while the seeds of crops like soybeans and groundnuts have a shorter life.

MOISTURE CONTENTAn increase in moisture content increases the deterioration of seed. Producers growing seed crops should dry the seed as soon as pos-sible after the harvest and store it in sealed containers.

STORAGE CONDITIONSSeed vigour deteriorates more quick-ly when storage conditions are not optimal. Seed degradation is caused by high temperatures and high seed moisture levels in particular – which can be caused by high relative hu-midity in the store.

TEMPERATUREThe storage life of seed increases as the temperature decreases. Seed should be stored at about 15 °C, but if possible rather in cold storage at approximately 4 °C.

STORAGE OF SEED ON FARMSHere are a few useful tips on the storage of seed on farms:

The storage facility should have a solid fl oor.

Seed should be packed on pallets because of a high potential for fl oor contamination due to water or other materials that may leak.

Seed should preferably not be stacked higher than 2 m, as the seed at the bottom can be dam-aged by pressure from above.

Place a storage container inside the store in which to keep the seed.

Ensure that there is air fl ow to eliminate high temperatures and humidity.

Make sure that the roof doesnot leak to prevent possible germination and mould.

The store should be dry and cold.

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K2 TECHNICAL TEAM

Fanie Yssel: 083 225 3122Anthony Collen: 073 785 7697Wiekie Vogel: 082 824 4326Rüdi Kuschke: 082 775 1779Braam van den Berg: 072 118 8177Dirk Coetzee: 087 701 3037

K2 MARKETING TEAM

LIMPOPO

Fanie Schutte: 082 560 8738

MPUMALANGA

JB van Zyl: 076 411 1899

Gerdi Odendaal: 081 738 9689

NORTH WEST

Harry le Roux: 082 921 2077

NORTH WEST/GAUTENG

Johnny Young: 083 326 7167

FREE STATE & NORTH WESTERN FREE STATE

SG Botes: 076 227 8204

EASTERN FREE STATE

Andre van der Linde: 082 824 4142

KWAZULU-NATAL

Jan Cilliers: 082 449 1498

FREE STATE & NORTH EASTERN CAPE

Vincent Keogh: 071 382 7779

NORTHEN CAPE

Wessel van der Merwe: 082 883 9246

EASTERN CAPE

Gert Els: 082 413 9728

WESTERN CAPE

Gys van Schalkwyk: 082 324 3067

www.k2.co.za

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Inspect the seed regularly for the presence of insects, moths and weevils.

Protect the seed against rodents like rats. Liquid bait works the best in stores. Conduct regular inspec-tions and supplement the bait when necessary.

Leave a space of at least 1 m between the seed and other sub-stances like chemicals or fertiliser. Also leave a space open between the seed and the sides of the stor-age facility to promote ventilation.

Do not remove labels from containers and keep seed from the same seed lots and varieties together.

Keep the seed labels until after the seed has been harvested so that it is easier to identify the problem if there is one.

If seed has been stored for a long period, have it tested by a registered seed-testing laboratory before it is planted.

Keep the seed store free of dust and rubbish.

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This is a short version of an article by Karina Muller from the SA Graan/Grain

editorial team that appeared in the Seed Focus of March 2019. It is also available

online at sagrainmag.co.za

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Bayer

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implements/equipment

POWER

EfFICIENCY

CONTACTSINSTITUTION EMAIL NUMBERARC-Agricultural Engineering [email protected] 012 842 4017South African Agricultural Machinery Association (SAAMA) [email protected] 011 453 7249South African Institute for Agricultural Engineers (SAIAE) [email protected] 012 842 4043

INSTITUTION EMAIL NUMBERPETROL AND DIESEL SPILLAGESpill Response Team [email protected] 011 280 4160Drizit SA [email protected] 031 274 2300Enviroserv [email protected] 080 019 2783Rapid Spill Response [email protected] 080 017 2743

EMERGENCY NUMBERS

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Rovic Leers

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FUEL EFFICIENCYWITH CORRECT MECHANISATION PRACTICES

Proper maintenance of tractors and equipment is very important for optimised fuel consumption. Timely replacement of air and fuel fi lters can reduce fuel consumption and increase engine power. Changing oil regularly and greasing moving parts will also increase tractor effi ciency.Repairing tractors and implements timeously will increase fi eld effi ciency and reduce fuel con-sumption as well. Well-maintained tractors and implements will minimise breakages and save time and money.

Using a large tractor for light loads is ineffi cient. It is important to utilise the engine capacity of the tractor as much as possible because tractors are very expensive. Using a too small tractor for operations that need more engine power is also ineffi cient because of engine overloading or toohigh wheel slip which leads to higher fuel consumption.

As shown in the graph, the imple-ment is perfectly matched with the tractor power when the specifi c fuel consumption in l/ha is at its lowest point and the work rate in ha/hour is at its highest point. This will also indicate the most effi cient wheel slip point. The graph also shows that certain wheel slip is necessary for effi cient traction, although too much wheel slip will increase fuel consumption and decrease the work rate.

EQUIPMENT MAINTENANCE

MATCHING TRACTOR AND IMPLEMENT

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TMechanisation is fundamental to production, but is also becoming very expensive due to the cost of farm machinery and fuel prices. It is therefore important to utilise farm mechanisation systems effi ciently and thereby saving costs when performing farming

operations.

37

The correct operating speed selection is important to optimise fuel consumption. Every operation has an optimum speed. For constant drawbar load, the higher the speed, the higher the engine power utilised. The engine-specifi c fuel consumption in g/kWh is at its lowest when operating the engine at close to maxi-mum power. A too slow operation speed may

lead to underutilisation of engine power or too low wheel slip. A too fast operation speed with excessive wheel slip may lead to engine over-loading and ineffi cient operation results. Gearing up and throttling back properly can adjust engine power with the speed to save fuel. Make sure not to overload the engine – excessive black smoke indicates overloading.

SELECTING OPERATING SPEED

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GRAIN

Jupidex

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37 Staalboer

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Fuel effi ciency with correct...35

Field effi ciency refers to the time that the operation takes versus the turning and other non-productive time. Spending too much time turning around on short fi elds, or overlapping tillage operations within a fi eld can result in higher fuel consumption. Properly planned road travel and fi eld trips can save fuel.

OPTIMISING EFFICIENCY OF FIELD OPERATIONS

Properly ballasted tractors with recommended tyre infl ation rates on diff erent terrain conditions can improve fuel consumption and increase traction effi ciency by creating the required amount of wheel slippage and wheel-soil contact area for the specifi c implement and tractor.A certain amount of wheel slip is necessary to create good traction. The optimum range of wheel slip-page is between 10% and 15%, but may vary according to the fi eld condition and working speed.

Huge fuel saving can be realised by using global positioning guidance systems such as auto-steer with planting or any other soil preparation activities.Site-specifi c farming, using equipment guid-ance, yield monitoring systems, fi eld mapping and precision crop input applications provides many economic and environmental benefi ts in addition to energy savings.It is therefore advisable to make use of preci-sion agriculture practices to save costs on many aspects in farming, which also includes increasing fuel prices.

BALLASTING TRACTORS CORRECTLY

PRECISION AGRICULTURE PRACTICES

Dr Tingmin Yu and Johan van Biljon, ARC-Agricultural Engineering

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GRAIN

JHB Tractor

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GOOD DIESEL QUALITYremains key

WEARCHECK 011 392 [email protected]

TRIBOLOGY LABORATORY012 420 [email protected]

Diesel mini testing kit

Valtrac

There are many new fuel distributors in the market these days, usually off ering very competitive prices. However, producers must ensure that the quality of this diesel meets specifi cations.

Several sources can be used to test diesel quality. Producers who suspect diesel quality problems, especially in cases of possible diesel contamination, can contact the South African Revenue Service (SARS) for testing. Contact Russell Allison on 021 943 7778 or via email at [email protected] who wish to test the diesel themselves, can visit the www.dieseltesting.co.za website or contact 087 575 3568 for the purchase of test instruments.Another option would be to have the diesel tested in a laboratory. The following laboratories have been used by members of Grain SA:


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John Deere Financial 40

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Almaz Agro

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Blow the whistle onPOOR AFTER-SALESPOOR AFTER-SALES

Members of Grain SA who receive poor after-sales service from mechanisation dealers, can report it to Corné Louw, senior economist:

Inputs, Grain SA at 086 004 7246 or send an email to [email protected].

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PUTTING

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PRESSURE WASHERSLAWN TRACTORS

CHAINSAWSBRUSHCUTTERS GENERATORS

WATER PUMPS

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GRAIN

Scan these QR codes for examples of logbooks supplied by SARS:

http://www.sars.gov.za/AllDocs/LegalDoclib/Drafts/LAPD-LPrep-Draft-2013-16%20-%20Draft%20Tariff%20

Amendment%20Diesel%20Storage%20Logbook.pdf

http://www.sars.gov.za/AllDocs/LegalDoclib/Drafts/LAPD-LPrep-Draft-2013-17%20-%20Draft%20Tariff%20Amend-

ment%20Diesel%20Usage%20Logbook.pdf

Here are a few tips on recording your information:

http://www.sars.gov.za/AllDocs/LegalDoclib/SCEA1964/LAPD-LPrim-Tariff-2012-19%20-%20Schedule%20No%206.pdf

Date on which the diesel was added. Quantity of diesel added. Description of the vehicle. Timer or kilometre reading before and after use.

Reason for which diesel was consumed. (It is important to check which activities qualify for the diesel rebate.) Scan the QR code and scroll down to part 3. (It is in Schedule 6, part 3.).

Diesel rebate:DO’S AND DON’TS

It is of critical importance for producers to keep strict record of their diesel consump-tion. The Customs and Excise Act (No. 91 of 1964) requires, among other things, that a logbook must be kept of how diesel was consumed.

Agri SA and Grain SA commented on what a logbook should look like, but have received no offi cial logbook from SARS as yet. In the meantime, producers are recommended to keep the minimum information required by law.

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Other practical hints: Claim the diesel refund according to usage and not purchases.

Be as specifi c and prescriptive as possible about the activities. ‘General’ is not accepted.

In particular, keep proper records of the activities of trucks and vehicles using tarred roads.

Clearly indicate private use. Transporting labour does not qualify.


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As ‘n leier in die produksie van natuurlike seewierekstrakte, werk Afrikelp in harmonie met die natuur vir wedersydse volhoubaarheid. Ons vloeibare biostimulante, onttrek uit die unieke Suid-Afrikaanse reuse-kelp, Ecklonia maxima, hou verskeie voordelige eienskappe in om jou gewasse te versterk met die beste wat die see kan bied. Afrikelp handhaaf uitsonderlike standaarde om verbeterde opbrengste, gewasgehalte en verdraagsaamheid teenoor omgewingsstresfaktore te verseker.

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+ 27 21 551 3556

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www.afrikelp.com

Elim kunsmis is ‘n trotse verspreider van Afrikelp produkte.Kontak jou verkoopspersoon by 012 252 4455

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FERTILISER COMPLAINTSHow to go about with

Fertiliser is one of a grain producer’s most expensive and important inputs. Follow these steps if you suspect a problem with the quality of your fertiliser:

Producers can contact Grain SA, FERTASA or William Deale directly in this regard to take and analyse samples for quality testing. William’s contact details are 083 947 2389 or [email protected] can take up unresolved disputes with Grain SA or lodge a complaint directly with the Registrar of Act no. 36 of 1947.

Contact an independent scientist to do an investigation on site.

Inform Grain SA if the fertiliser company cannot provide the required attention and solutions for the relevant problems.

Producers are recommended to test their fertiliser independently.

It is extremely important for fertiliser samples to be taken correctly.

Fertiliser samples for testing fertiliser quality have to be taken in collaboration with the fertiliser company.

If the problem is not resolved, follow the steps below (do not wait too long):

FE

RT

ILIS

ERContact the fertiliser representative

from whom you bought the fertiliser and insist on an investigation on site.1

Gather and write down as much information as possible, take photos or make videos to refer back to later.3

Also keep a record of the dates and conversations.

2

Try to retain as many sealed bags as possible in case samples have to be taken at a later stage.4

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5Corné Louw, senior economist: Inputs, Grain SA

51

Summary of local agricultural LIME AND GYPSUM resources

CALCITE SOURCESCentral OWNER (O)

DISTRIBUTOR (D)LOCATION NAME COMPANY NUMBER

Barkley West Ulco H. Pistorius & Co 011 342 1075 DBarkley West Ulco H. Pistorius & Co 012 342 1075 DBarkley West Ulco Kalkor 011 721 3141 DBarkley West Ulco LimeCrop 076 575 8476 DBarkley West Ulco SA Lime & Gypsum 086 010 3515 DBuhrmansdrif Buhrmansdrif Bastion Lime (Pty) Ltd 018 464 7820 OBuhrmansdrif Buhrmansdrif LimeCrop 076 575 8476 DBuhrmansdrif Prolime SA Lime & Gypsum 086 010 3515 OBuhrmansdrif Prolime Precision Lime SA Lime & Gypsum 086 010 3515 OChristiana Britten Bastion Lime (Pty) Ltd 018 464 7820 OChristiana Britten LimeCrop 076 575 8476 DDaniëlskuil Daniëlskuil H. Pistorius & Co 012 342 1075 DDaniëlskuil Daniëlskuil Kalkor 011 721 3141 DDaniëlskuil Daniëlskuil LimeCrop 076 575 8476 DImmerpan Inca H. Pistorius & Co 012 342 1075 DImmerpan Leo H. Pistorius & Co 012 342 1075 OImmerpan Inca LimeCrop 076 575 8476 DImmerpan Inca SA Lime & Gypsum 086 010 3515 DMandini Tugela Calcitop SA Lime & Gypsum 086 010 3515 OMarble Hall Marble Hall Limecor 079 107 5463 OMarble Hall Calsite SA Lime & Gypsum 086 010 3515 DNgodwana Micro fi ne calcitic

agricultural lime H. Pistorius & Co 012 342 1075 ONgodwana Ngodwana Kalkor 011 721 3141 DNortham Calcitic Agricultural Lime Agrilime 014 536 9900 ONortham Agri-Lime Kalkor 011 721 3141 DNortham Northam LimeCrop 076 575 8476 DNortham Agri-Lime SA Lime & Gypsum 086 010 3515 DOlifantsfontein Olifantsfontein Calcite SA Lime & Gypsum 086 010 3515 OPort Shepstone Idwala Kulu CAG Kalkor 011 721 3141 DPort Shepstone Idwala Kulu CAG SA Lime & Gypsum 086 010 3515 DPort Shepstone Rossmin Calcite SA Lime & Gypsum 086 010 3515 DRoedtan Inca Kalkor 011 721 3141 DRoedtan Inca PBD Boeredienste 015 667 0994 OVereeniging Slaked calcite Kalkor 011 721 3141 DWitbank Hiqua H. Pistorius & Co 012 342 1075 OWitbank Hiqua Kalkor 011 721 3141 DWitbank Hiqua LimeCrop 076 575 8476 DZeerust Prolime Precision Lime SA Lime & Gypsum 086 010 3515 OZeerust Prolime Calcitop SA Lime & Gypsum 086 010 3515 O

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DOLOMITE SOURCESCentral OWNER (O)


Christiana Britten Bastion Lime (Pty) Ltd 018 464 7820 OBalkfontein/Bothaville Balkfontein Dolomite SA Lime & Gypsum 086 010 3515 OChristiana Britten LimeCrop 076 575 8476 DClayville Clayville Soil Ameliorant H. Pistorius & Co 012 342 1075 OImmerpan Leo Dolomite H. Pistorius & Co 012 342 1075 OImmerpan Leo Kalkor 011 721 3141 DImmerpan Leo Dolomite LimeCrop 076 575 8476 DMarble Hall Marble Hall Limecor 079 107 5463 OMarble Hall Dolomite SA Lime & Gypsum 086 010 3515 DMeyerton Meyerton Limecor 079 107 5463 OMeyerton Limecor Kalkor 011 721 3141 DMeyerton Meyerton LimeCrop 076 575 8476 DMeyerton Meyerton SA Lime & Gypsum 086 010 3515 DMiddelburg Calmasil PBD Boeredienste 082 800 0055 OMiddelburg Pro-Gyp Dolotop SA Lime & Gypsum 086 010 3515 OMiddelburg Calmasil H. Pistorius & Co 012 342 1075 DMiddelburg Calmasil Kalkor 011 721 3141 DMiddelburg Calmasil LimeCrop 076 575 8476 DMiddelburg Calmasil SA Lime & Gypsum 086 010 3515 DMidrand Chloorkop LimeCrop 076 575 8476 DNewcastle Newcastle H. Pistorius & Co 012 342 1075 O

Summary of local agricultural...

CALCITE SOURCES (continued)Cape OWNER (O)


Albertinia Resiesbaan Aglime 028 713 1508 OAlbertinia Resiesbaan SA Lime & Gypsum 086 010 3515 DBredasdorp Karsrivier Aglime 028 713 1508 OBredasdorp Aghydrate LimeCrop 076 575 8476 DBredasdorp Bredasdorp LimeCrop 076 575 8476 DBredasdorp Bredasdorp P&B Kalkwerke 028 424 1157 OBredasdorp Aghydrate SA Lime & Gypsum 086 010 3515 DBredasdorp Bredasdorp SA Lime & Gypsum 086 010 3515 DJeff reys Bay Loerie Njati Holdings 011 721 3156 OMoorreesburg Titan Lime LimeCrop 076 575 8476 DMoorreesburg Titan Lime SA Lime & Gypsum 086 010 3515 OSaldanha Saldanha VDM 022 714 4212 OVredendal Vredendal Cape Lime 027 011 200 OVredendal Vredendal LimeCrop 076 575 8476 DVredendal Vredendal SA Lime & Gypsum 086 010 3515 D

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For more information contact Zinchem.

ZINCHEM – a division of Zimco Group (Pty) LTD

C/o Lincoln and Styx Road, Industrial Site, Benoni

Tel: 011 746 5000 | Fax: 086 238 2269 | Email: [email protected]

Zinchem is one of South Africa's leading manufacturers and suppliers of Zinc Sulphate products for the agricultural market.

Zinchem has built a new state of the art Zinc Sulphate Monohydrate tower,which will increase the production capacity in 2020.

The Zinc Sulphate Monohydrate pellets and powder are registered with

the Department of Agriculture (B621) – 34% Zn pellet and 35% Zn powder.

Zinchem has been supplying Zinc Sulphate Monohydrate in pellet form since 2016 and powder since the 1970’s.

Zinc Sulphate Monohydrate Pellets and Powder

Zinchem

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DOLOMITE (continued)

GYPSUM AND MAGNESIUM

Central OWNER (O) DISTRIBUTOR

(D)LOCATION NAME COMPANY NUMBEROlifantsfontein Olifantsfontein Dolomite SA Lime & Gypsum 086 010 3515 OOlifantsfontein Olifantsfontein Dolotop SA Lime & Gypsum 086 010 3515 OOlifantsfontein Olifantsfontein Dolomite LimeCrop 076 575 8476 DOrkney Vaalbrug PBD Boeredienste 018 473 0830 OOrkney Vaalbrug LimeCrop 076 575 8476 DPort Shepstone Idwala Kulu DAG Kalkor 011 721 3141 DPort Shepstone Idwala Kulu DAG SA Lime & Gypsum 086 010 3515 DPort Shepstone Rossmin Dolomite SA Lime & Gypsum 086 010 3515 DPretoria Mooiplaas Micro Fine Dolomite H. Pistorius & Co 012 342 1075 DPretoria Mooiplaas Kalkor 011 721 3141 DPretoria Mooiplaas Micro Fine Dolomite LimeCrop 076 575 8476 DPretoria Mooiplaas SA Lime & Gypsum 086 010 3515 DSprings Atoll Kalkor 011 721 3141 DSprings Zimbiwa Kalkor 011 721 3141 DSprings Atoll LimeCrop 076 575 8476 DSprings Atoll SA Lime & Gypsum 086 010 3515 DZeerust Marico Bastion Lime (Pty) Ltd 018 464 7820 OZeerust Ottoshoop Dolomite SA Lime & Gypsum 086 010 3515 OZeerust Ottoshoop Dolotop SA Lime & Gypsum 086 010 3515 OZeerust Marico LimeCrop 076 575 8476 D


(D)LOCATION NAME COMPANY NUMBERBuhrmansdrif Buhrmansdrif (mixes) Bastion Lime (Pty) Ltd 018 464 7820 O

Balkfontein/Bothaville Balkfontein SA Lime & Gypsum 086 010 3515 OChristiana Britten Bastion Lime (Pty) Ltd 018 464 7820 ODaniëlskuil Daniëlskuil Kalkor 011 721 3141 D

Cape OWNER (O) DISTRIBUTOR

(D)LOCATION NAME COMPANY NUMBER

Moorreesburg Bridgetown LimeCrop 076 575 8476 DMoorreesburg Bridgetown SA Lime & Gypsum 086 010 3515 DMoorreesburg Bridgetown SPH 021 527 5200 ORobertson Langvlei LimeCrop 076 575 8476 DRobertson Langvlei SA Lime & Gypsum 086 010 3515 DVredenburg Calmag SA Lime & Gypsum 086 010 3515 OVredendal Vredendal Cape Lime 027 011 200 OVredendal Vredendal LimeCrop 076 575 8476 DVredendal Vredendal SA Lime & Gypsum 086 010 3515 D

Summary of local agricultural...52

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@hpistorius @hpistoriuskie @H Pistorius & Kie

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012 342 1075 | [email protected]

0861 AGLIME | [email protected]

75 jaar later steeds die gunsteling

KWALITEIT LANDBOUKALKin Suid-Afrika.

www.kalk.co.za

H Pistorius & Co

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Summary of local agricultural...55

GYPSUM AND MAGNESIUM (continued)

FEED LIME SOURCES


(D)LOCATION NAME COMPANY NUMBERMiddelburg Middelburg H. Pistorius & Co 012 342 1075 DMiddelburg Middelburg Kalkor 011 721 3141 DMiddelburg Middelburg LimeCrop 076 575 8476 DMiddelburg Pro-Gyp SA Lime & Gypsum 086 010 3515 O

Midrand Chloorkop H. Pistorius & Co 012 342 1075 DMidrand Chloorkop Kalkor 011 721 3141 DMidrand Midrand LimeCrop 076 575 8476 DMidrand Chloorkop SA Lime & Gypsum 086 010 3515 DOlifantsfontein Chloorkop SA Lime & Gypsum 086 010 3515 OPhalaborwa Phalaborwa H. Pistorius & Co 012 342 1075 DPhalaborwa Phalaborwa Kalkor 011 721 3141 DPotchefstroom Potchefstroom Kalkor 011 721 3141 DPotchefstroom Potchefstroom LimeCrop 076 575 8476 DPotchefstroom Potchefstroom SA Lime & Gypsum 086 010 3515 DRichards Bay Richards Bay Gypsum Kalkor 011 721 3141 DRustenburg Phokeng H. Pistorius & Co 012 342 1075 DRustenburg Phokeng Kalkor 011 721 3141 DRustenburg Rustenburg LimeCrop 076 575 8476 DRustenburg Phokeng SA Lime & Gypsum 086 010 3515 DZeerust Marico (mixes) Bastion Lime (Pty) Ltd 018 464 7820 O

OWNER (O) DISTRIBUTOR

(D)LOCATION NAME COMPANY NUMBERBredasdorp Feed lime P&B Kalkwerke 028 424 1157 O

Buhrmansdrif Buhrmansdrif Bastion Lime (Pty) Ltd 018 464 7820 OBuhrmansdrif Buhrmansdrif LimeCrop 076 575 8476 DBuhrmansdrif Prolime Powder SA Lime & Gypsum 086 010 3515 OBuhrmansdrif Prolime Grit 2 - 4 mm SA Lime & Gypsum 086 010 3515 ONortham Amorphous feed lime Agrilime 014 536 9900 OVredendal Vredendal Cape Lime 027 011 200 O

Cape OWNER (O) DISTRIBUTOR

(D)LOCATION NAME COMPANY NUMBER

Ceres Kolkiesrivier LimeCrop 076 575 8476 DCeres Kolkiesrivier SA Lime & Gypsum 086 010 3515 DMoorreesburg Titan Gypsum LimeCrop 076 575 8476 DMoorreesburg Titan Gypsum SA Lime & Gypsum 086 010 3515 OVanrhynsdorp Vanrhynsdorp LimeCrop 076 575 8476 DVanrhynsdorp Vanrhynsdorp SA Lime & Gypsum 086 010 3515 DYzerfontein Yzerfontein LimeCrop 076 575 8476 DYzerfontein Yzerfontein SA Lime & Gypsum 086 010 3515 D

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59Petru Fourie, research co-ordinator and production cost analyst, Grain SA

For healthier soil and better q alit crops

Organic

Prolonged Release

For healthier soil and better quality cropsUse Polysulphate® fertilizer to supply plant-available sulphur, potassium, magnesium and calcium in a single application.

Polysulphate’s prolonged availability of nutrients reduces the risk of leaching and gradually releases the key nutrients to the growing crop,

More information atwww.polysulphate.com/introducing-polysulphate

Scan me

K 11.6%Ca 12.2% S 19.2% Mg 3.6%

Local Contacts: ICL/Landkem – 060 504 4273, Ekor Fert – 082 944 45782020

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quality of available fertiliser and lime products in the South African market

were released recently. The aim of this pro-ject was to continue previous investigations, and to determine to what extent fertiliser and lime products are maintained according to the Fertilizers, Farm Feeds, Agricultural Remedies and Stock Remedies Act (Act no. 36 of 1947).

The results are regarded as reliable due to the professional manner in which the investigation was conducted, as well as the credibility of the parties involved. The project was undertaken by means of a memorandum of understanding between the Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (now the Department of Agricul-ture, Land Reform and Rural Development), the Fertilizer Association of Southern Africa (Fertasa), Grain SA and the Sasol Agriculture Trust.

QUALITY of fertiliser and lime tested again

PARTICIPANTS

FERTILISER

LIME ALSO TESTEDGrain SA identifi ed the participating produc-ers in a semi-random manner and was responsible for the coordination and the acquisition of samples taken by offi cers of the Department of Agriculture, Rural Devel-opment and Land Reform on farms and at fertiliser companies. Fertasa was responsible for the administration of the funds of the Sasol Agriculture Trust, as well as for the funds they supplied themselves.

William Deale and Dr André Nel, who were independent participants, organised the analysis of samples, assessed the results and communicated the results to the parties involved. As a fi rst point of testing, Omnia made their AgriLASA accredited laboratory available at cost price.

A total of 98 fertilisers from 17 fertiliser companies were analysed for macro nutri-ents, namely nitrogen, phosphorus, potas-sium, calcium, magnesium and sulphur, as well as for micro nutrients, namely boron, copper, iron, manganese, molybdenum and zinc, as indicated on the container or bag. They tested 39 and 59 fertilisers from the winter and summer rainfall areas respectively.

Lower threshold values of the allowed variations for nutrients in dry fertiliser mixtures, chemical mixtures and micro nutrients were calculated by means of separate non-linear sliding scales, as determined in the above mentioned Act. The permissible variation expressed as a percent-age becomes smaller as the nutrient value increases. Independent laboratories tested 22 fertilisers for a second time, and nine fertilis-ers for a third time, as per the agreed protocol.

Three types of calcitic lime, three types of dolomitic lime and three lime and gyp-sum mixtures were also tested on the basis of samples collected at farms. Four of the six types of calcitic and dolomitic lime did not comply with the requirement that 100% of the particles should be able to pass through a 1,7 mm sieve. All other specifi cations were met.

The dolomitic lime and gypsum mixtures were assessed according to specifi cations supplied by the companies involved. None of the mixtures complied with the specifi -cations for particle size and Mg content. One mixture also had a calcium carbonate equivalent value below its specifi cations.

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No 144. 2nd Avenue, Modder East Orchards, Delmas, 2210Tel: +27 (0) 82 738 0080 ��

FFoundaation PPacckSoooybean Ultra

JOU ALLES-IN-EENSAADBEHANDELING

013 665 5122

012 940 4398

053 441 3168Northern Cape

056 343 3444

021 979 1303Eastern & Western Cape

058 303 3785/9017 647 5850/3

058 813 1192

082 324 4593KwaZulu-Natal

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RESULTS 2017 2018TO SUMMARISETotal number of samples 134 98Number of fertiliser companies 24 17Defi ciencies (%) 20 16TOTAL NUTRIENTS (N + P + K)Number of fertiliser samples 122 79Defi ciencies (%) 3 0Average absolute variance 4 4

MACRO NUTRIENTS 2017 2018NITROGEN (N)Number of fertiliser samples 134 96Defi ciencies (%) 4 0Average absolute variance 6 6PHOSPHORUS (P)Number of fertiliser samples 115 81Defi ciencies (%) 4 5Average absolute variation 6 6POTASSIUM (K)Number of fertiliser samples 84 54Defi ciencies (%) 4 6Average absolute variation 9 8CALCIUM (CA)Number of fertiliser samples 9 12Defi ciencies (%) 0 17Average absolute variation 71 73MAGNESIUM (MG)Number of fertiliser samples 3 5Defi ciencies (%) 0 20Average absolute variation 71 70SULPHUR (S)Number of fertiliser samples 80 64Defi ciencies (%) 8 5Average absolute variation 22 15

TABLE 1: FERTILISER TEST RESULTS.

TABLE 2: RESULTS OF MACRO NUTRIENTS.

MICRO NUTRIENTS 2017 2018BORON (B)Number of fertiliser samples 16 17Defi ciencies (%) 19 6Average absolute variation 533 46COPPER (CU)Number of fertiliser samples 3 8Defi ciencies (%) 0 0Average absolute variation 21 28IRON (FE)Number of fertiliser samples 0 2Defi ciencies (%) 0 0Average absolute variation 0 109

TABLE 3: RESULTS OF MICRO NUTRIENTS.

Quality of fertiliser and lime...61

KWALITEIT KUNSMIS

EKOREKOR- waar ploeg en plant ontmoet -

Ons brand om van jou te hoor!

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MICRO NUTRIENTS 2017 2018MANGANESE (MN)Number of fertiliser samples 3 7Defi ciencies (%) 0 0Average absolute variation 8 219MOLYBDENUM (MO)Number of fertiliser samples 1 1Defi ciencies (%) 0 0Average absolute variation 0 300ZINC (ZN)Number of fertiliser samples 74 48Defi ciencies (%) 15 15Average absolute variation 28 25

Quality of fertiliser and lime...

TABLE 3: RESULTS OF MICRO NUTRIENTS. (continued)

pest control

SUSTAINABILITY

BIODIVERSITY

INSTITUTION EMAIL NUMBERCropLife South Africa [email protected] 087 980 5163Griffon Poison Information Centre [email protected] 082 446 8946Registrar: Act no. 36 of 1947 [email protected] 012 319 7303Redbilled Quelea Control Centre [email protected] 012 309 5823

INSTITUTION EMAIL NUMBERCHEMICAL SPILLAGEGriffon Poison Information Centre [email protected] 082 446 8946

South African Petroleum Industry Association (SAPIA) [email protected] 011 783 7664

EMERGENCY NUMBERS

CONTACTS

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Don’t walk on the wild side WITH INPUTS

Taking a risk by trying out untested input resources or purchasing inputs from unknown distributors are traps that producers easily fall into every season. Here are some good tips on how to go about when purchasing inputs.


Very important suggestions for purchasing and using inputs:

Make sure that the input provider is a recognised company with a proven record.

Ensure as far as possible that all recom-mendations are provided in writing and store them safely.

Try to keep a record of all purchases. Check the quality of the input resource. Seed treatment should be done by the seed company itself or with certifi ed seed treatment equipment.

Negotiating prices Make sure that you pay the best market-oriented price.

Obtain as many as possible quotations and do not simply accept the fi rst and best price.

Find out from your neighbour what he/she paid for the input.

Try to buy more inputs as a collective. Members are free to contact Grain SA with respect to input price trends.

Tips for purchasing soil amend-ments, foliar nutrition and organic substancesProducers should note that some of these input resources have not been properly tested or registered in terms of Act no. 36 of 1947.

When purchasing agrochemicals: Make sure that the chemical is registered for the purpose for which it is being used.

Make sure that the owner of the chemical is a member of CropLife.

Make sure that the distribution company is a member of CropLife and that the agent is qualifi ed.

Rhizobia bacteria It is important to only use registered (L registration in terms of Act no. 36 of 1947) products.

The product concerned must also prefer-ably be recommended by the company whose seed is being planted.

Do not use new products on a large scale.

When considering using such an input resource, you should note the following:

Make sure it has been registered in terms of Act no. 36 of 1947.

Insist on long-term statistical and preferably independent local test results.

Never use such an input resource on a large scale immediately.

Rather use small-scale strip trials that can be evaluated statistically.

Determine whether it is cost eff ective to use the input resource.

As a rule, use small control sites to test new input resources before using them on a large scale.

®

met photo-X tegnologie®

PROSPERTRIO

®

Bayer 67

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beperk risiko teen droogte

Boer slim met AgriClime™, die nuwe oplossing wat jou

Syngenta® aankope beskerm in tye van droogte tydens

die groeiseisoen met ,n kontant terugbetaling.*

Gemoedsrus, die Slimboer manier.

Kontak asseblief jou Syngenta verteenwoordiger of besoek

www.syngenta.co.za, vir meer inligting

* Bepalings en voorwaardes geld.AgriClime™ is onder registrasie van Syngenta Groepmaatskappy.Syngenta Suid-Afrika (Edms) Beperk. Privaatsak X60, Halfway House, 1685. Tel. (011) 541 4000. www.syngenta.co.za© Syngenta Ag, 2000. Kopiereg op hierdie dokument word voorbehou. Alle ongemagtigde reproduksie word verbied.

@SyngentaSA l www.syngenta.co.za

www.syngenta.co.za

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GERBILS KNOCK OUT THE CORRECT WAY

Producers should take note of the following:

The scattering of zinc phosphide bait on the soil surface is ineff ective and creates the risk of birds and other mammals picking up the bait and being poisoned.

The scattering of wax-block bait or paste bait on the soil surface is also ineff ective, as the sun can destroy it.

It is illegal to mix bait yourself with carbofuran and grain, and it is also extremely dangerous. It is illegal to use rodenticides that are not registered for gerbils. Treating seed with carbofuran is illegal and it is also ineff ective for controlling gerbils. It is illegal to treat seed for planting with zinc phosphide and it creates the risk that the seed will not germinate.

It is illegal to use liquid concentrated rodenticides to prepare baits for gerbils with grain.

Gerbils can be managed eff ectively using the right methods without harming the environ-ment. However, there are many ways in which legal rodenticides are abused and illegal pesticides harm the environment and its numerous gerbil predators.

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LEES DIE ETIKET VIR VOLLE BESONDERHEDEAPRON® Plus Beans bestaan uit APRON® XL en CELEST® XL. AVICTA® Complete bestaan uit AVICTA®, MAXIM® Quattro en CRUISER® White. CRUISER MAXX® bestaan uit CELEST® XL en CRUISER® White. APRON® XL bevat mefenoksam (Wet nr. 36 van 1947, Reg. nr. L6837). SKADELIK. AVICTA® bevat abamektien (Wet nr. 36 van 1947, Reg. nr. L9258). GIFTIG. CELEST® ® White bevat tiametoksam (Wet nr. 36 van 1947, Reg. nr. L7546). VERSIGTIG. MAXIM®

APRON® XL, AVICTA®, CELEST® XL, CRUISER® White en MAXIM® Quattro is geregistreerde handelsmerke van ‘n Syngenta Groep Maatskappy.Syngenta Suid-Afrika (Edms) Beperk. Privaatsak X60, Halfway House, 1685. Tel. (011) 541 4000. www.syngenta.co.za© Syngenta Ag, 2000. Kopiereg op hierdie dokument word voorbehou. Alle ongemagtigde vermeerdering word verbied.

@SyngentaSA l www.syngenta.co.za

Stefan van ZylBesigheidsbestuurderS 076 096 7509 E [email protected]

Kobus VenterTegniese DeskundigeS 083 215 8467E [email protected]

Wayne Jansen van RensburgBestuurder: Seedcare InstituutS 076 8178656E [email protected]

stuur jou span met trots op die veldDis tyd om op te draf vir die nuwe plantseisoen. Syngenta se

saadbehandelingsprodukte, toewyding en kundigheid staan reg

om jou boerdery oor die doellyn vir die wenpunte te stoot.

Trek hierdie wenspan se trui aan en dra dit met trots!

Syngenta Seedcare™. Dra dit met trots.

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Putting empty cans and seed bags WHERE IT BELONGS

All the details are available at www.croplife.co.za, under the banner Container Management:

If the pesticide container is empty, clean it as follows at the spray tank:

Dispose of the material in the following way:

Do not consider or do the following:

In case of any queries, please call Dr Gerhard Verdoorn at [email protected] or 082 446 8946.

List of CLSA-approved plastic collec-tors and recyclers.

Guidelines for the cleaning and disposal of plastic containers and seed bags.

Warnings about plastic containers. Guidelines for plastic collectors and recyclers.

Fill the container with clean water up to a quarter of the container’s volume.

Shake the container for 30 seconds. Pour the rinse water over into the spray tank.

Repeat the rinse process twice. Puncture or cut the container into quarters and allow it to dry.

A similar procedure holds for empty polypropylene seed bags – see the details on the website.

Contact the CLSA-approved plastic collector or recycler closest to you.

Arrange for the plastic to be dropped off with them, or for it to be collected from the farm.

Ensure that the plastic collector or processer has a valid CLSA certifi cate of approval.

Insist on a CLSA certifi cate of adequate disposal.

Burn or bury containers. Donate containers to anyone for reuse. Reuse containers for lick or drink con-tainers for animals.

CropLife South Africa (CLSA), in co-operation with plastic processors, implemented a system to gather and process empty plastic pesticide containers and seed bags in a legal and responsible way.

Dr Gerhard H Verdoorn, CropLife South Africa

Dr Gerhard H Verdoorn, CropLife South Africa

Visit CropLife South Africa’s website www.croplife.co.za and search under Resources and then Guidelines for Pest Management for the latest edition of the integrated management plan for gerbils or send a request to [email protected] or 082 446 8946 for a free copy of the plan.

Rather do the following:

Use only rodenticides registered for gerbils. Always place bait directly in the burrows and then seal the burrows, or place bait in plastic pipes close to the nests.

Use natural rodent control by encour-aging owls and raptors with suitable poles and hatching boxes.

Incorporate owls and raptors in your gerbil management on the farm.

DO YOUR PART AND DO THE RIGHT THING!

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ESUSPECT AGROCHEMICALS– how to deal with it

If you are unable to resolve the problem with the company, do the following (do not wait too long before doing so, though):

Producers who suspect or experience problems with the quality of agrochemicals, can take the following actions:

Contact an independent scientist to do an investigation on site. Members should inform Grain SA if the chemical company cannot provide the required attention.

Contact the repre-sentative from whom the agrochemicals were bought as soon as pos-sible and insist on an investigation on site.

Also keep a record of dates and conver-sations.

Gather and write down as much information as possible, take photos or take video clips.1 2 3

DISPOSAL of empty containers

CropLife has developed practices for disposing of such containers. Scan the QR code or follow this link online for instruc-tions for disposing of pesticide containers:

A list of companies that can recycle these containers has been compiled by CropLife. Plastic processors who can dispose of empty pesticide containers are listed here online:

http://croplife.co.za/index.php/resources?layout=edit&id=24

http://croplife.co.za/index.php/resources?layout=edit&id=24

The accumulation of empty containers for agrochemicals remains a problem for producers, but don’t let this elephant in the room become a burden to you.


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Effektiewe onkruidbeheer … elke keer Roundup® – steeds die effektiefste oplossing.

• Bevat Transorb™-tegnologie vir vinniger absorpsie en translokasie

• Toedieningsaanpasbaarheid volgens individuele etiketaanbevelings

• Breëspektrum-onkruidbeheer

• Gebruik dit as ’n voor-plant onkruiddoder vir gemoedsrus.

• Maak bewaringslandbou moontlik.• Is reënvas binne twee ure na

toediening.

• Verseker oesveiligheid. • In Roundup Ready®-gewasse kan dit

na opkoms bo-oor die gewas gespuit word of as ’n gerigte bespuiting op

bv. mielies, soja en katoen.• Is reënvas binne een uur na toediening.

TURBO

Wanneer dit kom by breëspektrum-onkruidbeheer as deel van ’n oesbeskermingsprogram, bly Roundup® se konsekwente kwaliteit steeds onoortreflik. Roundup® is mengbaar met ’n wye reeks ander oesbeskermingsprodukte. Dit is die ideale produk wat bewaringslandbou moontlik maak en hou jou grense, landerye en meerjarige gewasse onkruidvry. So help dit jou gewasse om hul volle potensiaal te bereik.

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Vir doeltreffendheid en oesbeskerming, asook die korrekte gebruik van die produkte, lees die produketikette vir volledige gebruiksaanwysings. Slegs die korrekte en verantwoordelike gebruik van hierdie onkruiddoders sal uitstekende onkruidbeheer verseker wat die groei van jou oes en profyt tot gevolg sal hê.

Roundup® bevat 360 g glifosaat/ℓ. Wees versigtig. Reg.nr. L0407 (Wetnr. 36 van 1947), Roundup® PowerMAX bevat 540 g glifosaat/ℓ. Wees versigtig. Reg.nr. L7769 (Wetnr. 36 van 1947), Roundup® TURBO bevat 450 g glifosaat/ℓ. Reg.nr. L7166 (Wetnr. 36 van 1947), is Groep G-onkruiddoders en is geregistreerde handelsmerke van Monsanto Technology LLC. Gebruik die onkruiddoder op ’n veilige manier. Monsanto Suid-Afrika (Edms) Bpk, Posbus 69933, Bryanston, 2021.

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EPublications on offer

AT THE ARC

To order print copies, contact Hestia Nienaber at 058 307 3420, send an email to [email protected] or post your order to the ARC-Small Grain, Private Bag X29, Bethlehem, 9700

For orders, contact Dr Jeanetta Saayman-du Toit on 018 299 6100/6297 or send an email to [email protected].

Veldgids vir die identifi kasie van koringinsekte in Suid-Afrika (limited stock available)

Compact disk (CD) on the production of maize, pests and diseases

Wheat Diseases in South Africa (limited stock available)

Laserskyf (CD) oor die produksie van mielies, peste en siektes

Handleiding vir die produksie van kleingrane in die somerreënvalgebied (available on ARC website)

Field guide for sorghum pests/Veldgids vir sorghumplae

Handleiding vir die produksie van kleingrane in die winterreënvalgebied (available on ARC website)

Sorghum-produksiehandleiding

Guidelines for the production of small grains in the summer rainfall region (available on ARC website)

Sonneblomproduksie: ‘n Bestuursgids vir die eenprodusent

Guidelines for the production of small grains in the winter rainfall region (available on ARC website)

Production of soybeans/Produksie van sojabone

Produksie van grondbone (‘Grondbone – Altyd ‘n wenner’)

Revised common weeds in Southern Africa/Algemene onkruide in Suidelike Afrika

PUBLICATIONS AVAILABLE FROM THE ARC-SMALL GRAIN IN AFRIKAANS OR ENGLISH

PUBLICATIONS AVAILABLE FROM THE ARC-GRAIN CROPS

The Grain Crops and Small Grain divisions of the Agricultural Research Council (ARC) have various guides available to assist producers with the production challenges they face.

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AGRI-PESTS effectivelyAddress

Before an offi cial of the Department can do a physical inspection in the case where queleas have been reported, the following procedures/steps must be followed by the complainant:

The complainant may then contact one of the resource conservation inspectors (see contacts below) with the information and report the queleas. An appointment will be made to inspect the sleeping or breeding area in the company of the complainant.

CONTACT DETAILS FOR PEST REPORTING

JOHN TLADIDeputy Director: Migrating PestsTel: 012 309 5743Cell: 082 457 3741

JOHN TLADIDeputy Director: Migrating PestsTel: 012 309 5743Cell: 082 457 3741

GERT GREYVENSTEINMigrating Pests Offi cer: De AarCell: 082 451 4860

LUKA GEERTSEMATel: 012 309 5824Cell: 082 457 3742

COLIN BURKETel: 012 309 5826Cell: 082 451 4861

VINCENT MAKHARITel: 012 309 5877Cell: 073 175 3843

KHULISO GANGASHEAssistant DirectorTel: 012 309 5823 Cell: 072 231 2192

PRUDENCE MAJOZITel: 012 309 5866Cell: 076 655 1466

Contact details for queleas

Contact details for locusts Contact details for army worms


The sleeping or breeding area of the fl ock of queleas causing the damage must be correctly identifi ed. The area can only be identifi ed early in the evening, as the que-leas will not be at their respective nests during the day. Breeding fl ocks will have nests and they can be used during the day to identify the breeding area.

If the area identifi ed is not the property of the complainant, the complainant must obtain permis-sion for access and possible con-trol actions from the land owner concerned.

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Queleas and locusts are major pests of agriculture that can cause substantial damage to pastures and crops. The Department of Agriculture, Land Reform and Rural Devel-opment is responsible for the control of queleas and locusts. They are declared pests

according to the Agricultural Pests Act (Act no. 36 of 1983).

Cell: 082 451 4860

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integrated pest management

WHAT IS INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT?

ADVANTAGES OF IPM

Integrated pest management (IPM) emphasises the growth of a healthy crop with the least possible disruption to agro-ecosystems. It encourages natural pest control mechanisms.

IPM uses all suitable techniques or strategies to keep pests below levels that cause unac-ceptable crop loss. These diff erent strategies are usually placed under the main headings of mechanical, cultural, sanitation, biological and chemical methods of pest management.

It is the careful consideration of all available pest control techniques and subsequent integration of suitable measures that discourage the development of pest populations.

The fi rst requirement of IPM is to grow a healthy crop, which is more able to with-stand the eff ects of pests than a weak crop or one under stress.

Pest management protects the crop against yield losses – it does not increase the potential of a crop to produce a high yield.

It is also a combination of all appropriate practices into a single plan for crop and pest management that optimises the use of inputs to reduce pests and crop damage to an acceptable level and to maximise crop yields.

WHICH METHOD IS BEST?The choice of which pest management method to employ will depend on the crop and pest situation. The infrastructure under which the crop is produced (open fi eld versus greenhouse), as well as the availability of resources also have to be taken into consideration.

The implementation of pest management needs to take into account that the crop is constantly changing – due to the weather, the natural growth stages of the crop, as a result of the producer’s management practices and as a result of changes in pest types and numbers.

The use of inputs is optimised. Unnecessary pesticide use is avoided, resulting in reduced costs.

Crop losses are reduced. The development of pests resistant to pesticides is avoided.

Crop production is sustainable and biodi-versity is maintained.

The risk of human, animal, food, wild-life and environmental contamination is reduced.

REMEMBERIPM cannot be considered on its own as it is only one aspect of overall crop production that needs to be considered by a grower. Overall management of the crop by the grower aff ects pest management, and vice versa.

Rod Bell, CEO of CropLife South Africa

The original article was published in the September 2019 issue

of SA Graan/Grain.

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®AECI Chem Park, Bergrivier Rylaan 200, Chloorkop, Kempton Park, 1619Tel: (+27 11) 823 8000

[email protected] | www.nulandis.com

Nulandis® ’n Afdeling van AECI Beperk

Posbus 14418, Witfield, 1467, Gauteng, Suid-Afrika

®

Ontgin die natuur se potensiaalmet

volhoubare landbou praktyke

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storageand marketing

COMMOD

ITY

VALUE-ADDING

INSTITUTION EMAIL NUMBERAgbiz Grain [email protected] 012 807 3002

National Chamber of Milling (NCM) – wheat and maize [email protected] 012 663 1660Perishable Products Export Control Board (PPECB) [email protected] 021 930 1134South African Futures Exchange (Safex) [email protected] 011 520 7777South African Cereals and Oilseeds Trade Association (SACOTA) [email protected] 012 663 9097South African Grain Information Service (SAGIS) [email protected] 012 941 2050

CONTACTSS

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PUT

Buy put – right to sell

Floor price = strike price - premiumIn the money: Strike price > futures price

Make a profi t when price falls

Possible loss = premiumPossible profi t = unlimited

Sell put – obliged to buyPossible profi t = premiumPossible loss = unlimited

CALL

Buy call – right to buy

Ceiling price = strike price + premiumIn the money: Strike price < futures price

Make a profi t when price rises

Possible loss = premiumPossible profi t = unlimited

Sell call – obliged to sellPossible profi t = premiumPossible loss = unlimited

FUTURES HEDGING

Long – buyPrice rises = make a profi t

Buyer/miller hedge

Short – sellPrice falls = make a profi t

Producer hedges

Useful trading MINDMAP

WHEATGrade differentials for

Table 1 contains the grade diff erentials for wheat during the 2019/2020 marketing year as announced by Safex. The diff erentials apply from 1 October 2019 to 30 September 2020. Market participants are reminded that the diff erentials apply to physical delivery

only if futures are fulfi lled to facilitate the standardisation of the wheat contract. Grade diff erentials in the cash market can therefore diff er from these.

The JSE is responsible for calculating the grade diff erentials for wheat. A set method, approved by the advisory committee, is used for this calculation.

Luan van der Walt, economist, Grain SA

GRADE MINIMUM PROTEIN GRADE ADJUSTMENT GRADE DISCOUNT

Super 12,5% +2% +R89B1 11,5% Base ParB2 10,5% -1% -R44B3 9,5% -4% -R178

TABLE 1: GRADE DIFFERENTIALS FOR WHEAT FOR THE 2019/2020 MARKETING YEAR.

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SENWES SILOGEBIED

Benut die waardeoplossing wat

jou naaste Senwes Grainlink silo bied

Noordwes

Gauteng

Kontak jou naaste Senwes Grainlink graanverkryger of

silobestuurder

http://senwes.co/Graangids2020

Ontvang natter graan & opspoed fasiliteite

Ontvang natter graan Gewoon

Deurvoerpunt Senwes Hoofkantoor

Vrystaat

Senwes Grainlink 85

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Grain marketing calendarCROP ESTIMATES COMMITTEE AND SAGIS DATES FOR 2020Monthly information

NotesAll publications are released after 12:00 on the scheduled dateX = No publication will be released in that week

Weekly information

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SAGIS monthly data 28 25 25 29 26 25 28 26 28 27 25 23

SAGIS monthly product data 10 7 6 3 8 5 3 7 4 2 6 4

Crop EstimatesCommittee 29 13 & 26 25 29 7 & 27 25 29 27 29 28 26 18

SAGIS weeklyproducer delivery data

2 1 1 2 29 5 4 8 6 3 8 5 9 7 4 9

15 12 11 16 13 10 15 13 16 14 11 1722 19 18 22 20 18 22 19 23 21 18 2329 26 25 30 27 24 29 26 30 28 25 30

SAGIS weekly bulletin

3 2 2 1 39 6 5 9 7 4 9 6 3 8 5 1016 13 12 17 14 11 16 14 10 15 12 1723 20 19 23 21 19 23 20 17 22 19 2430 27 26 30 28 26 30 27 25 29 26 31

SAGIS weekly import and export data

3 2 2 1 310 6 5 9 7 4 9 6 3 8 5 1016 13 12 17 14 11 16 14 10 15 12 1823 20 19 23 21 19 23 20 17 22 19 2430 27 26 30 28 25 30 27 25 29 26 31

2020

EXPIRY MONTH

FIRST POSITION DAY

FIRST NOTICE DAY

LAST NOTICE DAY

LAST TRADING DAY

FIRST DELIVERY DAY

LAST DELIVERY DAY

OPTION EXPIRY DATE

Mar 2020 25/02/2020 28/02/2020 25/03/2020 24/03/2020 02/03/2020 26/03/2020 24/02/2020May 2020 24/04/2020 30/04/2020 25/05/2020 22/05/2020 04/05/2020 26/05/2020 23/04/2020

JSE DATES FOR CONTRACTS100 tons of white maize and yellow maize, 50 tons of wheat, sunfl ower and soybeans and 30 tons of sorghum.These contracts are typically off ered one year before their expiry date, although they can also be off ered earlier if there is a demand for them.

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MORE THAN JMORE THAN JUST

SILOSSILOS

https://m.facebook.com/Vicro-Bulk-533601250126377/

MANUFACTURED IN SOUTH AFRICA

CONTACTJohan Cronje: 082 557 6997Liezel Cronje: 082 566 7001Email enquiries to:[email protected]

• • Bucket elevators – pre-galvanised steelBucket elevators – pre-galvanised steel• • Square downpipes and all related parts in stockSquare downpipes and all related parts in stock• • Chain conveyors – pre-galvanised steelChain conveyors – pre-galvanised steel• • Feed bins – mild steel, painted constructionFeed bins – mild steel, painted construction

37 YEARS37 YEARS servicing the servicing the agricultural industry

agricultural industry

Vicro Bulk Established

in 1994 – 25 YEARS servicing the agricultural industry

Established Established

in 1982in 1982www.vicrobulk.co.za

• • Silos – corrugated galvanised, Silos – corrugated galvanised, imported from Europeimported from Europe

• • Civils works – turnkey supplierCivils works – turnkey supplier• • Transport countrywideTransport countrywide

Vicro Bulk 87

EXPIRYMONTH

FIRSTPOSITIONDAY

FIRSTNOTICEDAY

LASTNOTICEDAY

LAST TRADINGDAY

FIRSTDELIVERYDAY

LASTDELIVERYDAY

Jan 2020 24/12/2019 31/12/2019 27/01/2020 24/01/2020 02/01/2020 28/01/2020Feb 2020 28/01/2020 31/01/2020 24/02/2020 21/02/2020 03/02/2020 25/02/2020Apr 2020 26/03/2020 31/03/2020 23/04/2020 22/04/2020 01/04/2020 25/04/2020Jun 2020 26/05/2020 29/05/2020 24/06/2020 23/06/2020 01/06/2020 25/06/2020Aug 2020 28/07/2020 31/07/2020 25/08/2020 24/08/2020 03/08/2020 26/08/2020Oct 2020 25/09/2020 30/09/2020 26/10/2020 23/10/2020 01/10/2020 27/10/2020Nov 2020 27/10/2020 30/10/2020 24/11/2020 23/11/2020 02/11/2020 26/11/2020

DATES FOR ALL FIXED MONTHLY CONTRACTSThese contracts are off ered 40 business days before the actual delivery month.

EXPIRY MONTH

FIRST POSITION DAY

FIRST NOTICE DAY

LAST NOTICE DAY

LAST TRADING DAY

FIRST DELIVERY DAY

LAST DELIVERY DAY

OPTION EXPIRY DATE

Jul 2020 25/06/2020 30/06/2020 27/07/2020 24/07/2020 01/07/2020 28/07/2020 24/06/2020Sept 2020 26/08/2020 31/08/2020 23/09/2020 22/09/2020 01/09/2020 25/09/2020 25/08/2020Dec 2020 25/11/2020 30/11/2020 24/12/2020 23/12/2020 01/12/2020 28/12/2020 24/11/2020

JSE DATES FOR CONTRACTS (continued)

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Luan van der Walt, economist, Grain SA

PROTECT YOUR PROFIT. DEFEND GRAIN QUALITY. SPEED THROUGH HARVEST.

TAKE CONTROL

SO MUCH IS OUT OF YOUR CONTROL, YOUR PROFIT SHOULDN’T BE.

STORAGE + CONDITIONING + MATERIAL HANDLING + STRUCTURES

GSIAFRICA .CO .ZAT: +27 011 794 4455E: [email protected]

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RULES FOR ANY MODE OR MODES OF TRANSPORT

RULES FOR SEA AND INLAND WATERWAY TRANSPORT

EXW Ex Works FAS Free alongside ship

FCA Free Carrier FOB Free on board

CPT Carriage paid to CFR Cost and freight

CIP Carriage and insurance paid to CIF Cost, insurance

and freight

DAT Delivery at

DAP Delivery at place

DDP Delivery duty

TERMSGET A GRIP ON

Incoterms are standard trade defi nitions most commonly used in international sales contracts. Devised and published by the International

Chamber of Commerce, they are at the heart of world trade.

Scan the QR code below to visit the web site of the International Chamber of Commerce for a defi nition for each of these terms.

https://iccwbo.org/resources-for-business/incoterms-rules/incoterms-rules-2010/

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developing

agriculture

CONTACTSINSTITUTION EMAIL NUMBERGrain SA district offi ce Free State (Ladybrand) [email protected] 012 943 8283

Grain SA district offi ce Mpumalanga (Mbombela) [email protected] 012 943 8289Grain SA district offi ce Mpumalanga/KwaZulu-Natal (Louwsburg) [email protected] 012 943 8218Grain SA district offi ce KwaZulu-Natal (Dundee) [email protected] 012 943 8275

Grain SA district offi ce Eastern Cape (Kokstad) [email protected] 012 943 8280Grain SA district offi ce Western Cape (Paarl) [email protected] 012 943 8257Grain SA district offi ce North West (Lichtenburg) [email protected] 012 943 8290Grain SA district offi ce Eastern Cape (Mthatha) [email protected] 012 943 8278Grain SA Bloemfontein offi ce (National) – Jane McPherson [email protected] 012 943 8210Grain SA Bloemfontein offi ce (National) – Willie Kotzé [email protected] 012 943 8211

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EAGRI-COURSES for developing farmers

Grain SA’s Farmer Development division facilitates a number of courses for developing farmers. Training courses are arranged through the programme’s study groups. Contact the Grain SA district offi ce closest to you or the offi ce in Bloemfontein (details appear

on page 89).

COURSE NUMBER COURSE NAME LANGUAGE

PERIOD (DAYS)

MAXIMUM LEARNERS

1 Introduction to Maize Production English 5 252 Introduction to Maize Production Sesotho 5 253 Introduction to Maize Production Setswana 5 254 Introduction to Maize Production isiZulu 5 255 Introduction to Maize Production isiXhosa 5 256 Basic Maize Production English 5 257 Basic Maize Production isiZulu 5 258 Advanced Maize Production and Marketing English 5 25

10 Introduction to Maize Production under Irrigation English 5 2511 Introduction to Maize and Sunfl ower Production English 5 2512 Introduction to Sunfl ower Production English 5 2513 Introduction to Sunfl ower Production Sesotho 5 2514 Introduction to Sunfl ower Production Setswana 5 2515 Advanced Sunfl ower Production and Marketing English 5 2516 Basic Sorghum Production English 5 2517 Basic Sorghum Production Sepedi 5 2518 Basic Sorghum Production Setswana 5 2519 Introduction to Sorghum Production English 5 2520 Introduction to Wheat Production English 5 2521 Introduction to Wheat Production under Irrigation English 5 2522 Introduction to Barley Production under Irrigation English 5 2523 Introduction to Groundnut Production English 5 2524 Inleiding tot Koringproduksie in die Wes-Kaap – Deel 1 Afrikaans 2 2525 Inleiding tot Koringproduksie in die Wes-Kaap – Deel 2 Afrikaans 2 2526 Introduction to Soybean Production English 5 2527 Tractor and Farm implement Maintenance English 5 2528 Mechanisation Management English 3 2529 High Application Tractor Maintenance English 3 1530 Basic Engine Repair English 5 1031 Centre Pivot Management English 3 2032 Resource Assessment and Farm Planning English 5 2533 Farming for Profi ts English 3 2534 Business Ethics English 3 2535 Veilige Hantering van Gereedskap en Plaastoerusting Afrikaans 2 2536 Safe Handling of Tools and Farm Equipment English 2 2537 Contractors Course English 5 2538 Workshop Skills – Welding, Hand Tools, Power Tools, Spray Painting English 5 1039 Workshop Skills – Welding English 2 640 Workshop Skills – Spray Painting English 2 641 Workshop Skills – Power Tools English 2 642 Workshop Skills – Hand Tools English 2 643 Tractor Maintenance – Part 1 English 2 1544 Tractor Maintenance – Part 2 English 2 1545 Practical Skills Course – Soil Potential English 3 1046 Practical Skills Course – Planter and Boom Sprayer Calibration English 3 1047 Practical Skills Course – Setting of Implements

– (Plough, Ripper, Disc, Planter, Boom Sprayer) English 5 1048 Conservation Agriculture for the Beginner English 5 20

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At AFGRI Agri Services, we strive towards constant progression, growth, innovation and forging our vision for food security in South Africa and the rest of the continent.

As your partner in agriculture we provide comprehensive services to producers including grain handling and storage, fi nancial support and solutions as well as inputs and hi-tech equipment, supported by a large retail footprint. With our passion for development we have invested in the development of emerging farmers, through our Lemang Agricultural Services training programme to foster strong future farmers.

AFGRI Agri Services – a member of AFGRI Group Holdings.

www.afgri.co.za

GRAIN MANAGEMENT

EQUIPMEN T

LEMANG AGRICULTURAL SERVICES

UNIGRO FINANCIAL SERVICES

RETAIL

THE JOURNEY TO AGRICULTURAL

SUCCESS STARTS WITH A TRUSTED PARTNER

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PRODUCTION on every ha of arable landProgramme strives for SUSTAINABLE

Grain SA’s Farmer Development Programme (FDP) has a farmer-centred development approach to contribute to the dream of a united and prosperous agricultural sector. It aims to support developing farmers to harvest the optimal yield from the land they are

farming, using a combination of approaches to achieve this goal.Grain SA endeavours to address food security and food sovereignty, income generation for those who have access to land, protection of the natural resources and job creation. We work towards the sustainable production on every hectare of arable land in South Africa – irrespec-tive of the size of the land.The programme, which was established in 2000, off ers a platform for healthy and sustainable transformation on a broad base.

A FARMER DEVELOPMENT APPROACHIn our eff orts to develop knowledge of grain farmers at all levels, we support farmers through study group meetings, demonstration trials and farmers days, the Farmer of the Year competi-tion, the advanced farmer programme, training courses and a monthly magazine (Pula Imvula).

Study groups Are formed and mentored by experienced farmers and mentors, supervised by co-ordinators, located at regional offi ces.

Training In production, production under irrigation, maintenance, management and skills development.

Demonstration trials

Are planted annually per offi ce providing real-time examples of the progress, from land preparation and planting to weed, pest and fungus control, through to harvesting, storage and marketing.

Farmers days Held fi ve times a year in each region providing opportunities to view demonstra-tion sites and exchange information with other farmers and agricultural stake-holders and suppliers.

Farm visits and mentoring

To the most promising farmers during growth season, providing one-on-one intensive support, ensuring best possible quality and quantity of the crop.

Information dissemination

Through the Pula Imvula – the magazine for developing farmers, containing articles on seasonal topics and published in fi ve languages, including English, Sesotho, Setswana, isiXhosa and isiZulu.

GRAIN FARMERS ARE SERVICED THROUGH:

Funding by numerous different trusts and industry partners, include:

Winter Cereal Trust

Maize Trust

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HOW TO REACH USThe Farmer Development programme is managed from the Grain SA offi ce in Bloemfontein and through regional devel-opment offi ces spread across the country.

Training and study groups are only done via the regional development offi ces. Find your nearest offi ce on the list of contacts on page 89.

WE FOCUS ON VARIOUS LEVELS

Jane McPherson, manager: Farmer Development Programme, Grain SA

Subsistence Farmers (12 615 members)

Subsistence grain farmers cultivate 0 - 10 ha

Smallholder Farmers (401 members)

Smallholder grain farmers cultivate 10 - 100 ha

New Era Commercial or Commercial Producers (274 members)

New era commercial and commercial grain farmers produce above 250 tons of grain

Potential Commercial Farmers(221 members)

Potential commercial grain farmers cultivate over 100 ha with the potential to produce 250 tons

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Programme strives for sustainable...

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YIELD

INSTITUTION EMAIL NUMBERDepartment of Water and Sanitation [email protected] 012 336 7500

Water Research Commission [email protected] 012 761 9300Water Institute of Southern Africa [email protected] 086 111 9472Green Scorpions Hotline [email protected] 080 020 5005

South African Institute of Agricultural Engineers (SAIAE) [email protected] 012 842 4043

CONTACTS

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TIPSIRRIGATION MANAGEMENT

Producers must have a crop rotation plan in place for every field. Crop rota-tion will help with irrigation scheduling.

Make sure that there is enough water available to meet the top crop require-ment.

For effective irrigation scheduling, it is essential that there be no compacted layers in the soil profile and that the season is started with a full profile. Starting with a full soil profile limits seedling damage when the profile has to be brought up to drained upper limit (DUL) within a season. This limits waterlogging of small and young plants and poor nutrient absorption under anaerobic conditions.

Soil properties will determine how much water should be administered. Use good remote sensing to ensure that water distribution, infiltration and run-off are managed effectively.

Knowledge of the resources and how they react, as well as the crop requirements, are critical to consider while planning which crops to culti-vate. Adapt scheduling and adminis-tration to line up with these resources and crop requirements.

Prevent run-off at all times by improving water infiltration and scheduling. By covering the soil with crop residue, the infiltration is increased and run-off is decreased. Sometimes adding gypsum can also contribute to increasing the infiltration rate.

Check the delivery of the irrigation pivot and take the trouble to regularly maintain the pivot, pumps and other irrigation equipment.

The root zone in the soil and the depth of the roots should support you in your decision on how much water to administer at a time.

Barrier layers in soil cause anaerobic conditions, which trigger nematode and nutrient issues. Sometimes it might be necessary to carry out wet rip actions to ensure that the soil is draining and to prevent the issues mentioned above.

Water should not be taken away too soon at the end of the cash crop season. Grain may ripen too soon and kernel weight could be compromised. Therefore, optimal irrigation scheduling should be done throughout the season, otherwise damage might occur.

Effective irrigation scheduling is very important throughout the season. Try to administer larger quantities of water at a time, with longer periods in between so that the soil has time to dry somewhat and oxygen can enter the soil.

Successful, sustainable crop irrigation goes hand in hand with a holistic approach to the whole farm. In this approach, soil physics and chemistry, water retention capacity of soil, type of crop, cultivars, physiological stage of the plant, plant health and root systems,

among other things, are taken into account.

season,,ccur.

IRR

IGA

TIO

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Perfect Water Management Solutions

www.agriplas.co.za quality products

Maintenance support

Agriplas 97

Plant health should also be monitored continuously, because sick plants use less water. If sick plants receive too much water, the situation will worsen substantially and total crop yields will decrease.

It is also important to know when (physiologically) the plant reaches its water requirement peak. Some crops, for instance maize, have three periods that are sensitive to stress conditions due to water shortages.

Calibrate the irrigation pivot at least once a year to ensure that the dos-ages on the ground are even and so that you know how much water is administered per hectare.

Monitoring of soil with respect to salts becomes critical in an attempt to farm sustainably. Remote sensing as well as soil sampling can be done at GPS points.

Also read the article about practical tips for your centre pivot, written by S Koster and P Botha, which appeared in SA Graan/Grain:

https://www.grainsa.co.za/praktiese-wenke-vir-jou-spilpunt

Pietman Botha, agricultural consultant

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technologyFUTURE

SURVEILLANCE

INSTITUTION EMAIL NUMBERARC-Agricultural Engineering [email protected] 012 842 4017South African Agricultural Machinery Association [email protected] 011 453 7249

South African Institute of Agricultural Engineers (SAIAE) [email protected] 012 842 4043

CONTACTS

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ETO DRONE or NO TO DRONE…As technology evolves agriculture is fortunately not left behind. Not so long ago the thought of

using a remote control to direct a television set sounded far-fetched. Yet, today, mechanical equipment can operate without human intervention with the help of satellite and precision

technology. The application of drones in the day-to-day running of farming operations has set a new standard…even for your farm.Drones, also known as Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems (RPAS) in South Africa or Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) in the USA have been around since the early 1980s. Their application in agriculture is a popular topic today. Drones are employed by producers to inspect livestock, dams and troughs, for the control of problem animals; to track injured animals during hunting or to observe the condition of the veld, cultivated pastures or crops from the air. Although drones aren’t normally equipped with naviga-tion, it is possible to add it, e.g. for security purposes.

Soil and fi eld analysis

Drones can be instrumental at the start of the crop cycle. They produce precise 3D maps for early soil analysis, useful in planning seed planting pat-terns. After planting, drone-driven soil analysis provides data for irrigation and nitrogen-level management.

1

Irrigation

Drones with hyperspectral, multispec-tral, or thermal sensors can identify which parts of a fi eld are dry or need improvements.

5

Health assessment

By scanning a crop using both visible and near-infrared light, drone-carried devices can identify which plants refl ect diff erent amounts of green light and near infrared light. This information can produce multispectral images that track changes in plants and indicate their health.

6

Planting

Start-ups have created drone-planting systems that achieve an uptake rate of 75% and decrease planting costs by 85%. These systems shoot pods with seeds and plant nutrients into the soil, providing the plant all the nutrients necessary to sustain life.

2

Crop spraying

Drones can scan the ground and spray the correct amount of liquid, modulating distance from the ground and spraying in real time for even coverage.

3Crop monitoring

Today, time-series animations can show the precise development of a crop and reveal production ineffi cien-cies, enabling better crop manage-ment. Due to the way the plant reacts to stress, an NDVI image can also reveal the presence of weeds, pests, water damage and other problems. A variety of other vegetation indices also exist (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vegetation_Index).

4

hi d N l h h h f

Scan the QR code below to read more about regulatory aspects and other information with regards to drones:

http://www.fertilizer.co.za/knowledge-centre/technology/359-drones-benefits-restrictions-and-uses

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Below are six ways aerial and ground-based drones are used throughout the crop cycle:

Cut losses with PRECISIONPlant with

C S OVISION

Process Monitorfor Air Seeders

AreaSpeedTacho up to 4 axlesAlarm on each functionEasy to installBin / Tank fullBin / Tank empty

O

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Tel: 012 345 3193Fax: 012 345 6763Web: www.electrolee.co.zaEmail: [email protected]: [email protected]

Planter MonitorSeed per 100m per row, seed populationHectares worked and much moreEasy to install and maintainFertiliser and turning of axlesCan be applied to most plantersReal tough, rust and water resistant

Electrolee 101

Trials are being conducted with drones performing electro mechanic soil surface measurements, plant-ing drones that shoot pods with seeds and plant nutrients into the soil, and drones being used for extra fast spraying of chemicals. In China, they even used a drone to apply liquid fertiliser. See more about it here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P2YPG8PO9JU.

Drones best suited to agriculture

While there are many drones available today, not all of them can be utilised in agriculture. Those that are suitable for farming, fall into two categories: Fixed-wing and multi-rotor drones. The cost and payload capacity of both types are similar.

References:Mazur, M. July 20, 2016. Six ways drones are revolutionising agriculture. PricewaterhouseCoopers. Retrieved from: [https://www.technologyreview.com/s/601935/six-ways-drones-are-revolutionizing-agriculture/]

Jansen van Vuuren, H. n.d. Drones: benefi ts, restrictions and uses. Omnia Nutriology. Retrieved from: [http://www.fertilizer.co.za/knowledge-centre/technology/359-drones-benefi ts-restrictions-and-uses]

FIXED-WING DRONES MULTI-ROTOR DRONESThese have long-range fl ight capacity – an advantage with large areas. They are also crash tolerant. Because these drones can cover great distances, they can be challenging to keep in the operator’s range of sight, which is a legal require-ment. Image quality can suffer as a result of their greater speed.

Faster to set up in the fi eld, these can take off and land vertically. The mission set-up is simple; there is no need to plan take-offs and landings into the wind as with the fi xed-wing type. For inexperienced operators, these drones are the easiest way to get it up and running quickly.

With either type of drone, the actual fl ight process is relatively straight forward. Using software on a device (typically a tablet, laptop or smart phone), the operator draws an outline of the area to be sur-veyed on a Google Maps type of view. The software programmes the fl ight, overlaying lines on the map to show the drone’s fl ight path. The information is uploaded to the drone via a wireless link.

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See how Proagrica’s data connectivity expertise is helping agriculture and animal health organizations ‘Connect data. Grow smarter’ at proagrica.com

Now agribusinesses have a helping hand

in their future successWhen managing extensive areas of pasture, it’s more important than ever to be able to track and rapidly respond to changing vegetation health, ensuring the land is performing at its full potential,

to provide maximum results, whilst being managed in a sustainable way.

By developing real-time mapping and land analysis tools, we’re helping manufacturers engage with growers to monitor and gain powerful insights into the management of every hectare promoting

business while ensuring biodiversity is maintained and their land is managed sustainably.

Connect Data. Grow Smarter.

Sustainability Traceability Operational Eff iciency Visibility Compliance Collaboration

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COMPANY CONTACT PERSON NUMBER EMAILJohn Deere Werner Prinsloo 011 437 2600 [email protected] Rudi du Toit 073 081 8279 [email protected] Gideon Grobler 082 532 6089 [email protected] Precision Gerrit Meyer 011 608 3666 [email protected] Christo Helm 083 233 5497 [email protected] Hein Kruger 072 181 5266 [email protected]

PRECISION FARMING

DIGITALLY

APPLE APP:

ANDROID

APP:

Contact these guys for

Grain SA members do it

Struggling to get to the right person to address your precision farming need? Below is a list of contact details to make the search for precision farming systems and services easier.

Grain SA members have obtained access to a variety of value-added benefi ts from the Grain SA Digital Membership Card since it was introduced in 2019. The fol-lowing features are at hand through the user friendly Joyn-app:

Access to Grain SA member benefi ts.

Quick access to the Grain SA web page and event information.

Quick access to Gain SA marketreports.

Easy access to your NAMPO tickets.

Touch of a button access to the latest issue of SA Graan/Grain and Pula Imvula magazines.

Create your own e-wallet by adding other membership cards.

In a farming environment where state of the art technology is commonly used in planting, spraying, harvesting, remote sensing, monitoring, grain marketing, safety and what not, it wouldn’t come as a surprise that Grain SA’s membership card is available in digital format only.

To access your NAMPO tickets or any of the above features, download the Joyn app from the Apple or Android app store:

https://www.apple.com/za/ios/app-store/

https://play.google.com/store/apps?gl=ZA&utm_source=emea_Med&utm_medium=hasem&utm_content=Mar2017&utm_campaign=Evergreen&pcampaignid=MKT-DR-emea-za-1001280-Med-

hasem-ap-Evergreen-Mar2017-Text_Search_BKWS%7cONSEM_kwid_43700007748486107&gclid=EAIaIQobChMI9srQzvrn3gIVgwvTCh0R

lgltEAAYASAAEgLFsvD_BwE&gclsrc=aw.ds

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FARMING APPS to tap in 2020

Farmer-friendly digital technology off ers the agricultural sector practical problem-solving skills and administrative tools for everyday agrobusiness. We have rounded up fi ve picks of applications that producers could fi nd useful.

A mathematical go-to for cultivation accuracy instead of estimates that computes yield rate, planting rate and moisture deprivation. It also calculates profi t based on factors such as waste, weight of distribution, moisture values and commodity market prices.

https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=lt.farmis.apps.

agrocalculator&hl=en

CALCAGRO FARMING CALCULATOR

by Farmis

Tailor-made for producers this app keeps track of incomes and expenses. It assists you in fi nancial management for your enterprise and household while out in the fi elds.

Green fi ngers mobile is a demo application that improves farmer and extension offi cer manage-ment by ditching the pen-and-paper-approach and offering digital platforms to simplify data gathering. Smallholder farmer profi les, com-mercial exchanges and fi eld extension employ-ees can all be monitored by this break-through app that easily adapts its settings to crop types and uses, for your convenience. The team of value chain specialists that developed this ag-ricultural application have even included yield forecasting and impact assessment informa-tion compilation.

Agricloud presents South African farmers and extension offi cers with advice on cultiva-tion based on trustworthy, real-time weather forecasts. While accurately predicting ten days’ worth of planting dates and daily evaluation of spray conditions (depending on the time of day), the user is also able to receive this infor-mation in any of the eleven national languages.

https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.bivatec.farmerswallet

https://greenfingersmobile.com/products/

https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=org.r4africa.

agricloud&hl=en

FARMER’S WALLET

GREEN FINGERS MOBILE

AGRICLOUD

by Bivatec Ltd

by the Agricultural Research Council

This logbook for agricultural machinery and vehicle inventory can archive maintenance ad-ministration to record the condition of a trans-mission fi lter, air fi lter, coolant, or even check the engine and hydraulic oil levels. Your assets can be tracked by serial number, model, price, date of purchase or even by loading a picture thereof on the application. Digital records can be shared via email, streamlining your selling the equipment to potential buyers.

https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.bivatec.farmerswallet

TRACTORPALby Tractorpal

financeprosperity

success

INSTITUTION EMAIL NUMBER

South African Revenue Service (SARS)

[email protected]

080 000 [email protected]@[email protected]

CONTACTS

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30

Nedbank Ltd Reg No 1951/000009/06. Authorised financial services and registered credit provider (NCRCP16).

see money differently

TAKE YOURAGRIBUSINESS

TO THE NEXT LEVEL

Nedbank’s team of specialistsprovides pioneering solutions

for your agribusiness.

Growing your business was alwaysyour goal, which is why you had the foresight

to seek guidance from someone withthe right expertise. A bank that provides

you with an industry-skilledbusiness manager, backed by a team

of specialists across Nedbank,who is able to create tailored financing

and inventive banking options to grow andtake your business to the next level.

Amazing things happen when you partner with Nedbank. Send us an email today at

[email protected].

Our agrisolutions offer you the following:

Financing of renewable-energy solutions with extended periods.

A full range of flexible insurance solutions for farming activities through AgriPlus insurance.

Instalment sale finance and production loans for all typesof agricultural equipment, machinery and production inputs.

23830 NB BB Agri Grain 210x148.indd 1 2019/11/11 14:43106

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BUSINESS RUN A FARM LIKE A

When looking at growing your farming operation one needs to see the management of the business diff erently. With the right support and specialised expertise, there are opportunities that producers can leverage off to make their businesses grow.

FAMILY-OWNED BUSINESSES

Producers of the future are moving from single farming enterprises to multifaceted enterprises. This shift has resulted in new-age producers identifying the need to adopt the principles of a commercial-ised business. Often many of these busi-nesses are owned by family, with diff erent generations of producers living on the same land. They all have divergent per-sonalities and some may not be interested in getting involved in the business. On the other hand, for family members who want to get involved, it’s not always feasible to pay every family member a salary without considering whether or not that family member’s skill is required.

RUN IT LIKE A BUSINESS

Through innovation and collaboration, the challenges mentioned above can be miti-gated, enabling agribusinesses to fl ourish.

CLIMATEThe success or failure of an agribusiness is directly linked to weather conditions. When dealing with livestock, adverse weather conditions such as storms, frost or drought can result in having to sell cattle and re-establishing a herd. Crop producers may also invest heavily in crops that simply don’t grow.

ACCESS TO FINANCEThe pressure of having to address local food security adds to the stress of increas-ing production input costs. Producers therefore need access to fi nance to en-hance their day-to-day operational activi-ties. The commercial fi nance application process is admin-intensive and requires collateral in the form of agricultural land or off take agreements. These kinds of guar-antees are not always available to produc-ers. Additionally, the fi nancial history of an agribusiness is scrutinised by fi nance providers and any lag in profi ts over a three-year period counts as a discredit.

ADOPTION OF TECHNOLOGYSmart technology has integrated the agricultural sector, driven by data, drones and automated machinery, and is the force behind innovation and competition. The success of a commercial business is infl uenced by technology, which is linked to productivity and increased effi ciencies. However, for many producers smart tech-nology does not form part of their business strategies because of the capital outlay.

CHANGES IN CONSUMER TRENDS

In a challenging economic environment, consumer trends shape the way food is produced. People are also increasingly aware of animal welfare, inputs used in primary production and ingredients used in processing. These factors must be taken into consideration when producers conduct their normal business operations.

This article was compiled by Nedbank and is available as an e-book on their website.

To speak to a designated agribusiness banker call 0860 555 333 or send an email

to [email protected].

Stone House | 510 MakoustraatMonument Park | Pretoria | 0181

+27 12 010 0697 Uitbreiding 2

[email protected]

Kom ryp, droogte, vloede of hael ..., vloede of hael ...

wees verseker ons sal betaal!

onderskryf deur

Bryte Insurance Company Limited | ‘n Gemagtigde Diensverskaffer. FSP 17703

Vir meer inligting besoek ons webtuiste www.impaccropsure.co.za

Mielies

Sonneblom, sojabone + graansorghum

Droëbone, grondbone, pekanneute, makadamianeute, katoen + aartappels

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EHelp?Who to turn to for

The Ombudsman for Short-Term Insur-ance is an independent body and the services are provided free to the public. The ombudsman may be able to assist you if your insurer refuses to pay, e.g. for damage to your vehicle. The service is free to insured consumers. You must complain to the insurance company fi rst and only if you are unable to resolve the dispute with your insurers, then you can refer the matter to their offi ces. The ombudsman’s decisions are binding on the insurance company, but not on you. Visit www.osti.co.za.

The Ombudsman for Long-term Insur-ance mediates in disputes between insurers and policy holders (life assur-ance). Visit www.ombud.co.za.

The Ombudsman for Banking Services: www.obssa.co.za.

Pension Funds Adjudicator: www.pfa.org.za.

Credit OMBUD: www.creditombud.org.za.

For investment problems, talk to the Financial Sector Conduct Authority. Their website is www.fsca.co.za.

National Consumer Commission: www.thencc.gov.za.

If there is something bothering you about your medical scheme, the Registrar for Medical Schemes is the one. Visit www.medicalschemes.com.

The Fiduciary Institute of South Africa (FISA) is a self-regulating body for matters such as wills, trusts and es-tate planning. Visit http://fi dsa.org.za.

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Our country’s fi nancial services sector, sup-ported by a sound regulatory and legal frame- work, is sophisticated, with a plethora of

domestic and foreign institutions providing a range of services – commercial, retail and merchant bank-ing, mortgage lending, insurance and investment.But what can an agricultural producer do in the event that you have not been treated fairly by a fi nancial services provider? Below is a list of ombudsman contact details for the sector.

Stormweer kan astronomiese gevolge inhou vir jou gewasse wat tans op die lande staan... veral as ‘n belowende oes in ‘n ommesientjie deur hael verwoes word.

Klimaatselemente wat veranderlikheid asook risiko’s in landbouproduksie meebring, maak oesversekering onmisbaar. Kies dus slim en beskerm jou oes teen onvoorsiene katastrofes met AgriSeker se omvattende en volhoubare risikobestuursoplossings

en -produkte.

Maak AgriSeker die silwer randjie om die haelwolk op jou horison.

Besoek ons aanlyn by agriseker.co.za of kontak jou Versekeringsmakelaar.

AGRISEKER ONDERSKRYWINGSBESTUURDER (EDMS) BPK. REG NO. 2014/235270/07 IS ‘N GEMAGTIGDE FINANSIËLE DIENSTE VERSKAFFER: FSP NO. 45767. ONDERSKRYF DEUR LAND BANK INSURANCE (SOC) BPK. REG NO. 2012/115426/30.

Elke haelwolk kan ‘n silwer randjie hê

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AgriSeker

Authorised Financial Services Provider Registered Credit Provider Reg No NCRCP7

At Absa AgriBusiness, we know that the soil connects us. It is the lifeblood that surges through our communities, opening doors to a journey with endless possibilities for shared economic growth. From feeding to breeding, we have learnt to understand agriculture business and all its challenges as if it were our own. That’s why we can offer banking products and services we know clients need.

As a partner in the agricultural environment for over 100 years, Absa has cultivated a wealth of experience and knowledge in developing tailored, world-class business solutions for all commodities in the sector. Farmers rely on us for strategic planning and the empowerment of farming communities, irrespective of the size. Our commitment to this crucial sector is clear. Whether we are stimulating the advancement of our country’s flourishing wine industry or nurturing the crops that help feed millions, we make administering and managing your business easier.

When we make things easier for our farming communities, we invest in our own livelihoods and allow our economy to grow. For more detailed information, please visit our website at www.absa.co.za

AgriBusiness

AgriBusinessYour partner in cultivating

success

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web pages

GLOBAL WEB LINKS FOR INFORMATION AND PRICES

Australian sorghum and canola prices: http://www.asx.com.au/products/grains-derivatives/grains-reports.htm

CBOT futures prices: http://www.cmegroup.com/trading/agricultural/index.html/

Dow Jones Industrial General Index: http://www.google.com/fi nance?client=ob&q=INDEXDJX:DJI

FAO Global Information and Early Warning System: http://www.fao.org/GIEWS/english/index.htm

World Agricultural Supply and Demand Report (WASDE): http://www.usda.gov/oce/commodity/wasde/

FAO Food Price Index: http://www.fao.org/worldfoodsituation/foodpricesindex/en/

USDA weekly crop progress report: https://usda.mannlib.cornell.edu/MannUsda/viewDocumentInfo.do?documentID=1048

AgWeb: https://www.agweb.com/markets/

Agrimoney: http://www.agrimoney.com/5/corn/

World Grain.com: http://www.world-grain.com/

News now: http://www.newsnow.co.uk/h/Industry+Sectors/Agriculture/Agricultural+Commodities

Dow Jones Industrial General Index: http://www.google.com/fi nance?client=ob&q=INDEXDJX:DJI

Bloomberg Markets: https://www.bloomberg.com/markets/commodities/futures/agriculture

Maize: http://www.scoop.it/t/maize

USEFUL

LOCAL WEB LINKS FOR INFORMATION AND PRICES

Grain SA:

SAGL: www.sagl.co.za SAGIS: www.sagis.org.za

Protein Research Foundation: https://www.proteinresearch.net/

NAMC supply and demand reports: https://www.namc.co.za/category/research-publications/supply-demand-estimates/

and Twitter handles

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WEATHER FORECAST

ECONOMIC INFORMATION

Weather Outlook: http://www.wxmaps.org/pix/prec10.html

Weather Outlook: Ventusky: https://www.ventusky.com/?p=-26.3;26.1;5&l=rain-3h

YR Weather Outlook: https://www.yr.no/place/South_Africa/

Finance 24: http://www.fi n24.com/#ticker

Financial Mail: http://www.fi nancialmail.co.za/

Moneyweb: https://www.moneyweb.co.za/

Gold and Brent crude oil price: http://www.fi n24.com/Markets/

Weather Outlook and rainfall data: http://www.rmd.co.za/

SA Weather Service: http://www.weathersa.co.za/

Accuweather News: https://www.accuweather.com/en/za/south-africa-weather

Business Day: http://www.businesslive.co.za/bd/

Reuters: http://www.reuters.com/

Live exchange rates: https://www.oanda.com/currency/live-exchange-rates/

Arlan Suderman @ArlanFF101Dr Hendrik Smith @Healthy_SoilsGrain SA @GrainSALuan van der Walt @Luan_vd_WaltWessel Lemmer @WesselLemmerWandile Sihlobo @WandileSihloboAgrimoney @agrimoneyUSDA @usdaAMIS @AMISoutlookTom Farms @TomFarmsABARES @ABARESDalevest @Dalevest_LiveBVG @BVG_TradingDr Dirk Strydom @StrydomDirkFarm Futures @FarmFutures (International Markets)Karen Braun @Kannbwx (International Markets)

Luan van der Walt, economist: Grain SA

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Useful web pages and...111

animalsNUTRITION

GENETICS

INSTITUTION EMAIL NUMBERAnimal Feed Manufacturers Association (AFMA) [email protected] 012 663 9097

ARC-Irene Animal Production [email protected] 012 672 9111ARC-Onderstepoort Veterinary Research [email protected] 012 529 9111Croplife South Africa [email protected] 087 980 5163National Wool Growers Association (NWDA) [email protected] 041 365 5030Red Meat Producers Organisation (RPO) [email protected] 012 349 1102South African Animal Health Association (SAAHA) [email protected] 087 980 5164

CONTACTS AN

IMA

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118

2020

GRAIN GUID

EA

NIM

AL

SCERTIFIED feed analysis starts here

LABORATORIES NUMBER

Agri Enviro Lab 017 647 1150/1Agricultural Research and Extension Trust (ARET) +265 1 761 149Agriculture Laboratory Namibia 00 264 61 208 7077ALS Analysis and Inspection – Durban (Pty) Ltd 031 301 1257Analytical Laboratory Services +264 61 210132Animal Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Animal, Wildlife and Grassland Sciences, University of the Free State 051 401 2382Animal Production Feed Laboratory Elsenburg 021 808 5333Aspirata Food and Beverage Lab 087 287 9473Chem Nutri Analytical 011 316 8800Crop Nutrition Laboratory Services Ltd +254 720 639 933Crown Chickens T/A Sovereign Animal Feeds 041 365 6048DARD: KwaZulu-Natal Department of Agriculture and Rural Development 033 355 9506Department of Animal Science; University of Stellenbosch 021 808 4741Intertek Agricultural Laboratory 011 964 1004Kimleigh Technologies (Pty) Ltd 061 538 4391Labworld, a division of Philafrica Foods (Pty) Ltd 011 977 7748M & L Laboratory Services 011 661 7925Meadow Quality Lab 033 387 2403Modderfontein Laboratory Services (Pty) Ltd 011 457 1801Nitrulab 083 384 9412Nutri Feeds (Pty) Ltd 018 011 8888Nvirotek Laboratories 012 252 7588Omnia Fertiliser Sasolburg 016 970 7272Quantum Analytical Services 022 487 1285RCL Foods Limited, Feed Central Laboratory 031 736 7420RCL Foods Sugar and Milling (Pty) Ltd, Malelane Feed Mill 013 791 1393SABS Commercial SOC Ltd 012 428 6868Sci-Ba Laboratories 021 418 0325Southern African Grain Laboratory 012 807 4019Tobacco Research Board +263 4575 298 94Tongaat Hulett Starch, Head Offi ce 011 458 5142UP Nutrilab 012 420 3269Voermol Feeds 032 439 5847Zambia Bureau of Standards +260 211 231 385

The AgriLASA programme is an interlaboratory profi ciency testing programme for, feed, ferti-liser, soil, plant tissue and water. This is a well-recognised method to monitor a laboratory’s performance and ensure quality assurance. AgriLASA certifi es laboratories for analytes

analysed in each of the disciplines and each laboratory can be requested to provide clients with it’s performance certifi cate.

FEED ANALYSIS LABORATORIES THAT ARE MEMBERS OF AGRILASA

Edna Laubscher, president: AgriLASA

grain sa

PARTNERSHIPS

CATALYST

Vision, mission and Management Committee 120

Grain SA’s Executive per region121

Chairpersons of Specialist Working Groups

and committees

126

Grain SA carries grain and oilseed flag

industry-wide

127

How to become a member of Grain SA130

SA Graan/Grain – mouthpiece and

knowledge partner

133

119

gr

ain

sa

120

2020

GRAIN GUID

E

Vision Grain SA is nationally and internationally acknowledged by key role-players as the grain producers’ only and official mouthpiece and is, because of its proven expertise and leading role in the grain industry, the trendsetting provider of strategic industry services to the South African grain producer.

Grain SA provides, through its activities, strategic industry support to producers in South Africa, with a view of promoting sustainable profitability.

Mission

ManageMent CoMMittee

Front: Jannie de Villiers (Ceo), Ramodisa Monaisa (Vice-chairperson), Jaco Minnaar (Chairperson) and Derek Mathews (Vice-chairperson)

Back: Jaco Breytenbach, Chris Schoonwinkel, Richard Krige and Jeremia Mathebula

gr

ain

sa

EXECUTIVEGrain SA’s per region

REGION 6Niël [email protected]

Bospoort, Coligny, Hartbeesfontein, Klerksdorp, Orkney,

Ottosdal and Stilfontein

REGION 3Deon [email protected]

Bloemhof, Christiana, Hartswater,Jan Kempdorp,

Leeudoringstad, Makwassie,

Vaalharts, Warrenton and Wolmaransstad

REGION 8Joseph [email protected]

Brits, Dwaalboom, Lephalale, Hammanskraal, Koedoeskop, Magalies -burg, Northam, Pretoria,

Rustenburg and Thabazimbi

REGION 5Jan George [email protected]

Barberspan, Delareyville and Sannieshof

REGION 2Jozeph du [email protected]

Amalia, Migdol and Schweizer-Reneke

REGION 7Sarel [email protected]

Carletonville, Derby, Fochville, Koster, Krugersdorp,

Randfontein, Rysmierbult,

Swartruggens, Syferbult, Tarlton, Ventersdorp and Westonaria

Danie [email protected]

Biesiesvlei, Groot-Marico, Lichtenburg,

Rooigrond, Vermaas and Zeerust

REGION 1Marnus [email protected]

Buhrmannsdrif, Coetzersdam, Kameel, Louwna,

Madibogo, Mafi keng, Mareetsane, Piet Plessis, Setlagole, Stella and Vryburg

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REGION 4

121

GR

AIN

SA

122

2020

GRAIN GUID

E

REGION 9Kallie [email protected]

Balfour, Balmoral, Bronkhorstspruit, Cullinan, Delmas, Devon, Edenvale, Eloff , Greylingstad, Grootvlei,

Heidelberg, Kempton Park, Kendal, Nigel, Ogies, Rayton, Springs and Sundra

REGION 14Ralf Küsel [email protected]

Bergville, Bloedrivier, Colenso, Dannhauser, Dundee, Eshowe, Estcourt, Glencoe,

Greytown, Harding, Kokstad, Krans kop, Ladysmith, Matatiele, Melmoth, Mooirivier, New Hanover, Newcastle,

Normandien, Paulpietersburg, Piet Retief, Pietermaritzburg, Sheepmoor, Underberg, Utrecht, Vryheid and Winterton

Ryk Pretorius [email protected]

Amersfoort, Amsterdam, Badplaas, Barberton, Breyten, Carolina,

Chrissiesmeer, Davel, Ermelo,

Iswepe, Morgenzon, Perdekop, Volksrust and Wakkerstroom

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REGION 11Gerrit Roos [email protected]

Arnot, Belfast, Blinkpan, Hendrina, Kaapmuiden, Komatipoort, Laersdrif, Lydenburg, Machadodorp, Middelburg, Nelspruit,

Ohrigstad, Steelpoort, Stoff berg,

Waterval-Boven, Witbank, Witrivier and Wonderfontein

REGION 12Rudolf [email protected]

Bethal, Charl Cilliers, Kinross, Kriel, Leandra, Leslie, Platrand, Secunda, Stan derton

and Trichardt

REGION 13Willem [email protected]

Alldays, Alma, Bela-Bela, Dendron, Groblersdal, Haenertsburg,Makhado, Marble Hall, Modimolle, Mokopane, Mookgophong,

Pienaarsrivier, Polokwane, Radium, Roedtan, Settlers, Tuinplaas and Vaalwater

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REGION 10

GR

AIN

SA

REGION 15Paul Zietsman [email protected]

Cornelia, Frankfort, Memel, Oranjeville, Tweeling, Villiers

and Vrede

REGION 16Jaap van der [email protected]

Deneysville, Heilbron, Koppies, Meyerton,

Parys, Sasolburg, Vanderbijlpark, Vereeniging and Vredefort

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REGION 20Marius [email protected]

Bloemfontein, Boshof, Brandfort, Bultfontein, Dealesville,

Dewetsdorp, Hertzogville, Reddersburg and Winburg

REGION 21Chris [email protected]

Hoopstad and Wesselsbron

Paul Corver [email protected]

Aberfeldy, Bethlehem, Clarens, Daniëlsrus, Harrismith, Kestell,

Paul Roux, Slabberts, Verkykerskop and Warden

REGION 22Willie [email protected]

Allanridge, Edenville, Hennenman, Kroonstad, Odendaalsrus, Steyns rus, Theunissen, Ventersburg, Virginia and Welkom

Coer

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REGION 18Neil [email protected]

Arlington, Lindley, Petrus Steyn and Reitz

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REGION 19Jaco [email protected]

Aliwal-North, Clocolan, Excelsior, Ficksburg, Fouriesburg, Hobhouse,

Ladybrand, Marquard, Senekal, Smithfi eld,

Thaba Nchu, Tweespruit and Verkeerdevlei

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REGION 17

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REGION 29Jeremia Mathebula [email protected]

Dundee, Louwsburg and Mbombela

Alfreda Mars [email protected]

Western Cape

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CO-OPTED MEMBERPatrick [email protected]

Co-opted: Specialist representative for

Kokstad, Maclear and Mthatha

REPRESENTATIVEPreline [email protected]

Representative: Farmer Development

REGION 32Michel [email protected]

East from Breede River:Albertinia, Buff eljagsrivier, George, Harold, Hartenbos, Heidelberg

(Cape), Knysna, Mossel Bay, Oudtshoorn, Riversdal and Suurbraak

REGION 31Israel [email protected]

Ladybrand

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Co-Co-optopted:ed: SSreprepresresententn atiatia vv

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REGION 30

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Derek Mathews Remuneration

Committee

Jaco Breytenbach Editorial Committee

Danie Minnaar NAMPO Harvest Day

Committee

Ramodisa MonaisaFarmer

Development

Jaco MinnaarMaize

André KirstenProduction/Input

Willem GroothofSorghum

Gerhard BruwerGroundnuts

Barley (Northern Barley Commodity Committee)

Richard KrigeWinter Cereals

Barley (National Barley Commodity Committee)

RD ErasmusBarley (Southern Barley Commodity Committee)

André Hanekom Audit Committee

Koos BlanckenbergCanola Specialist Working Group

Ralf Küsel Marketing Working GroupSunfl owers and Soybeans

of Specialist Working Groups and committeesCHAIRPERSONS

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TRUSTS

carries grain

White maizeDerek MathewsRamodisa Monaisa (Secundus)

Yellow maizeChris SchoonwinkelRamodisa Monaisa (Secundus)

Commercial ProducersWillem Groothof

Developing ProducersRamoso Pholo

WheatRichard Krige

BarleyJannie de Villiers

Jaco BreytenbachJannie de VilliersRamoso Pholo

Richard Krige

Commercial ProducersRalf Küsel (Primarius) Rudolf Fourie (Secundus)

Developing ProducersRamodisa Monaisa (Primarius)Jeremia Mathebula (Secundus)

(as on 7 March 2019)

MAIZE TRUST

SORGHUM TRUST

WINTER CEREAL TRUST

SASOL RESEARCH TRUST

WESTERN CAPE AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH TRUST

OIL AND PROTEIN SEEDS DEVELOPMENT TRUST (OPDT)

GRAIN SAand oilseed fl ag industry-wide

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FORUMS

Sunfl ower and Soybean ForumJozeph du Plessis Ralf KüselIsrael Motlhabane (Secundus)

Groundnut ForumGerhard Bruwer (Primarius)Jan George Pretorius (Secundus)

Chairperson of Working Group: Jaco MinnaarChris SchoonwinkelJannie de Villiers

Steering Committee of the Maize ForumJannie de Villiers (Primarius)Dr Dirk Strydom (Secundus)Dr Marinda Visser (Secundus)

OILSEED FORUMS

Willem Groothof (Primarius) Jaap van der Westhuizen (Secundus)

SORGHUM FORUM

Chairperson of Working Group (Primarius)Jannie de Villiers (Secundus)

Steering Committee of the Wheat ForumJannie de Villiers Dr Dirk Strydom (Secundus)

WHEAT FORUM

MAIZE FORUM

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ADVISORY COMMITTEES/TECHNICAL COMMITTEES (RESEARCH)

Commercial ProducersRudolf Fourie (Primarius) Ryk Pretorius (Secundus)

Developing ProducersIsrael Motlhabane (Primarius) Jeremia Mathebula (Secundus)

Priority CommitteeDr Marinda Visser (Functionary)

Wheat Technical CommitteeRichard KrigeAndries Theron

ObserversJaco BreytenbachDr Marinda VisserGerhard Bruwer

Barley Technical Committee Richard KrigeRD Erasmus (Observer)

SABBI (Barley research) RD Erasmus – Southern production regionsFrikkie Maree – Northern production regions

OILSEEDS ADVISORY COMMITTEE (OAC) FOR OILSEED TRUST

TECHNICAL COMMITTEES WINTER GRAIN FOR THE WINTER GRAIN TRUST

PROVINCIAL FARMER UNIONS

General Council Jaco Breytenbach (Primarius)Neil Claassen (Secundus)

General Council Ryk Pretorius (Primarius)Rudolf Fourie (Secundus)

General Council Danie Reichel (Primarius)Ramoso Pholo (Secundus)Deon Bergh (Secundus)

General Council Ralf Küsel (Primarius)

FREE STATE AGRICULTURE

MPUMALANGA AGRICULTURE

AGRI NW

KWAZULU-NATAL AGRICULTURAL UNION (KWANALU)

Executive Committee Gerhard Bruwer

AGRI NORTHERN CAPE

Commodity Chamber André Kirsten (Primarius)Richard Krige (Secundus)

AGRI WESTERN CAPE

General Council Willem Groothof

AGRI LIMPOPO

General Council Sinelizwi Fakade (Primarius)Patrick Stuurman (Secundus)

AGRI EASTERN CAPE

General Council Gerrit Roos (Primarius) Joseph Swanepoel (Secundus)

General Council Sarel Haasbroek

TAU SA

AGRI GAUTENG

Grain SA carries grain and oilseed...G

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OTHER COMMITTEES AND DIRECTORSHIPS

Jozeph du Plessis (Director)Dr Marinda Visser (Director)Jannie de Villiers (Alternate Director)

Neil Claassen

Nico Vermaak

Wheat: Dr Marinda Visser Maize: Jannie de Villiers Soybeans: Gerrit RoosAlternate Director: Jaap van der Westhuizen

Chris Schoonwinkel (Primarius)Dr Dirk Strydom (Secundus)Michel Gildenhuys (Secundus)

Sunfl ower and Soybean Working Group to nominate a person

Canola Working Group to nominate a person

SOY PRF WORKING GROUP

CANOLA PRF WORKING GROUP

SA CULTIVAR AND TECHNOLOGY AGENCY (SACTA)

AGRICULTURAL ACADEMIC BOARD: HIGH SCHOOL REITZ

ALENTI BODY CORPORATE

SAGL

SAFEX ADVISORY COMMITTEE (JSE)

AGRI SA

Jaco Minnaar

ChairpersonCEO

Natural ResourcesJeremia Mathebula

Labour and DevelopmentCoretha Usher

LandJaco MinnaarJannie de VilliersDerek MathewsRamodisa Monaisa

Economy and TradeChris SchoonwinkelJannie de Villiers

Rural SafetyStephen Krüger

BOARD OF DIRECTORS

COMMODITY CHAMBER

CENTRES OF EXCELLENCE (‘COE’)

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WHAT IS THE CURRENT LEVY PER TON?The levy is determined at Congress annually. The current levies (excluding VAT) per ton are as follows: Maize: R3,00, wheat: R3,50, sunfl owers: R6,00, groundnuts: R11,50, soybeans: R6,00, sorghum: R3,00, canola: R4,70 and barley: R3,50.

Full payment: A minimum of R1 000 (excluding VAT) is prescribed for full membership.

Linked members: If more than one person is involved in a farming operation, such persons can function as linked members.

WHO CAN BECOME A MEMBER OF GRAIN SA? Ordinary members (natural persons), trusts and any legal entities who produce grain for marketing.

Persons who pay the prescribed membership fee and commodity levy to Grain SA.

Any person who underwrites the objectives of Grain SA.

As soon as Grain SA has received the authori-sation form, it is handed to the collection agentconcerned to deduct the levy and the producer is registered on the system as a member.

HOW IS MEMBERSHIP OBTAINED?

Complete the authorisation form which is available on Grain SA’s webpage or scan the QR code below:

https://www.grainsa.co.za/pages/membership/how-to-join

How to become a member of

GR

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SA

Grain SA is an autonomous and voluntary industry organisation. It acts collectively in the interest of the economic welfare of the grain producers of South Africa and it is the combined voice of grain producers to address commodity matters and issues with the

government and other role-players in the industry.

GRAIN SA

131

HOW IS THE LEVY COLLECTED?

GRAIN SA’S ACCOUNT DETAILS ARE AS FOLLOWS:

Account holder: Grain SA Bank: Absa

Account number: 790 810 007Branch code: 334136 (632005 electronically)

The commodity levy is collected in two ways:

GR

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COLLECTION AGENTS

Grain SA has concluded agreements with agricultural businesses and other grain off -takers in terms of which these institutions, for an agency fee of 5%, collect the commodity levy for Grain SA as collection agents. This makes it easy for producers to ensure that their com-modity levy is paid over. The levy per ton is collected on all grains at the fi rst point of delivery and the collection agent will only deduct the levy as long as the member agrees to this.

1

DIRECT DEPOSIT

A member can pay the commodity levy to Grain SA by means of a cheque, a direct deposit at the bank or an electronic transfer.

Members who make direct or electronic deposits must email the proof of payment plus the member’s details to Patricia Zimu at [email protected].

2

WHAT DOES MEMBERSHIP OF GRAIN SA OFFER ME AS PRODUCER? A mouthpiece for the producer which ensures that the regulatory environment functions eff ectively on all levels.

Regular and timeous information on production conditions.

Daily market reports via email.

Biweekly newsletter with relevant information.

Access to advice with regards to the diesel rebate.

Access to experts with regards to input, production and the market environment.

Input quality monitoring, e.g. fertiliser.

Continuous input monitoring locally and internationally.

Obtain information with regards to the most re-cent research, technological developments and production practices which will ensure eff ective and profi table production.

Obtain information with regards to the local and international market and trade environments.

By becoming a member of Grain SA you also gain access to Momentum’s fi nancial welfare solution for members and their farm workers.

Become part of the NAMPO Harvest Day, and familiarise yourself with the most recent agricultural products, technology and services. All input providers are on the same premises.

Guaranteed research and development.

Becoming a member of Grain SA also entitles you to gain access to a tax-free investment by Corporate Guarantee (see page 136).

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Amandel Graan

Grain Capital

COLLECTION AGENTS

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SA GRAAN/GRAIN– mouthpiece and knowledge partner

SA Graan/Grain is a specialist publication that has over the years become a much loved knowledge partner for producers in South Africa. Our readers often describe the magazine as a benchmark tool for the sustainable production of grain and oilseeds. As

the offi cial mouthpiece of Grain SA, this monthly magazine is regarded as one of the leading agricultural publications.

Our formidable editorial committee work tirelessly to provide you with the latest agricultural infor-mation based on relevant research, technology, production techniques and expertise. Articles are written by prominent scientists, academics, researchers, agricultural economists, experts from the industry and professional journalists.

To ensure that we cover every aspect of grain and oilseed farming we focus on specifi c themes every month.

February Mini focus on groundnuts

Mini focus on canola

March Focus on seeds

Mini focus on weed control on winter cereals

April Focus on NAMPO Harvest Day

May Mini focus on fi nancial services and money matters

Spotlight on weapons and hunting

June Retrospective glance at NAMPO Harvest Day

Focus on the grain value chain

Mini focus on universities and educational institutions

July Focus on fertiliser

Mini focus on lime

August Focus on implements and equipment

September Focus on integrated pest management

Mini focus on soybeans

Spotlight on sorghum

October Focus on irrigation

Spotlight on farm security

November Spotlight on cover crops

December Spotlight on outdoors and travel

Spotlight on solar power

ALSO LOOK OUT FOR THE FOLLOWING SPECIALISED

PROJECTS Grain Guide in January Cultivar supplements in March (winter grains) and November (summer grains)

NAMPO Cape supplement in August NAMPO Alfa Show supplement in September

GET YOUR COPYDon’t miss out on any of

these editions. To subscribe to SA Graan/Grain contact

Marina Kleynhans at 086 004 7246 or

[email protected] the magazine online at our web platform sagrainmag.co.za

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EDITORIAL ASSISTANTElmien Bosch018 468 [email protected]

Graan

MANAGING EDITORJohan Smit018 468 2716082 553 [email protected]

MANAGER: Grain Economy and Marketing, Grain SADr Dirk Strydom 086 004 7246082 852 4810 [email protected]

ADVERTISING CO-ORDINATORJurgen van Onselen(Kolbe Media)021 976 4482082 417 [email protected]

EDITORValerie Cilliers018 468 2716060 991 [email protected]

ADVERTISING CONSULTANT Ruth Schultz(Schmiltz Marketing)081 480 6413083 583 5243 [email protected]

SA Grain – mouthpiece...

relevant

Contacts: General

137

Top tips for burning veld

140

Approach the CCMA proactively142

Retrenchment – how to manage it143

Firearms: What are your rights?144

Measurement, conversion tables and formulae 145

Rainfall calendar 2020

148

Index of advertisers

152

Calendar 2020 and 2021 (inside back page)

RESILIENt

PROACTIVE

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Corporate Guarantee 136

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INSTITUTION EMAIL NUMBERGrain SA [email protected] 086 004 7246Potatoes South Africa [email protected] 012 349 1906African Farmers Association of South Africa (AFASA) [email protected] 012 943 7290Agbiz [email protected] 012 807 6686Agri Gauteng [email protected] 012 643 3400Mpumalanga Agriculture [email protected] 017 819 1295Agri Limpopo [email protected] 015 307 2725Agri Northern Cape [email protected] 053 832 9595Agri NW [email protected] 018 632 3612Agri Eastern Cape [email protected] 041 363 1890Agri SA [email protected] 012 643 3400Agri Western Cape [email protected] 021 860 3800KwaZulu-Natal Agricultural Union (KWANALU) [email protected] 033 342 9393Milk Producers’ Organisation (MPO) [email protected] 012 843 5600Transvaal Agricultural Union (TAU SA) [email protected] 012 804 8031Free State Agriculture [email protected] 051 444 4609

INSTITUTION EMAIL NUMBERDepartment of Agriculture, Rural Development and Land Reform [email protected] 012 319 6000Department of Environmental Affairs [email protected] 086 111 2468Department of Health [email protected] 012 395 8086Department of Labour [email protected] 012 309 4000Department of Mineral Resources [email protected] 012 444 3000Department of Science and Innovation [email protected] 012 843 6300Department of Tourism [email protected] 012 444 6000Department of Trade and Industry [email protected] 086 184 3384Department of Transport [email protected] 012 309 3774Department of Water and Sanitation [email protected] 012 336 7500Eastern Cape provincial government [email protected] 040 609 6200Free State provincial government [email protected] 051 407 1100Gauteng provincial government [email protected] 011 498 5555Independent Police Investigative Directorate (IPID) [email protected] 012 399 0000Industrial Development Corporation [email protected] 011 269 3000International Trade Administration Commission (ITAC) [email protected] 012 394 3590KwaZulu-Natal provincial government [email protected] 080 059 6596Limpopo provincial government [email protected] 015 294 3190Mpumalanga provincial government [email protected] 013 766 2473National Agricultural Marketing Council (NAMC) [email protected] 012 341 1115

GENERALORGANISED AGRICULTURE

GOVERNMENT

CONTACTS:

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INSTITUTION EMAIL NUMBERNational Crop Estimates Committee (NCEC) [email protected] 012 319 8454Northern Cape provincial government [email protected] 053 838 2600North West provincial government (Bokone Bophirima) [email protected] 018 388 4968Western Cape department of agriculture [email protected] 021 808 5111Western Cape provincial government [email protected] 086 014 2142

INSTITUTION EMAIL NUMBERAgricultural Research Council (ARC) Head Offi ce [email protected] 012 427 9700ARC-Grain Crops [email protected] 018 299 6100ARC-Soil, Climate and Water [email protected] 012 310 2500ARC-Small Grain [email protected] 058 307 3400ARC-Tropical and Subtropical Crops [email protected] 013 753 7000

AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH COUNCIL

INSTITUTION EMAIL NUMBERMaize Trust [email protected] 012 807 3958Oil and Protein Seeds Development Trust (OPDT) [email protected] 011 234 3400/1Protein Research Foundation (PRF) [email protected] 011 803 2579Sorghum Trust [email protected] 012 807 3958Winter Cereal Trust [email protected] 012 007 1200SA Cultivar and Technology Agency (SACTA) [email protected] 012 807 3958

TRUSTS AND FOUNDATIONS

INSTITUTION EMAIL NUMBER

Arbitration Foundation of South Africa (AFSA) [email protected] 011 320 0600South African Grain Information Service (SAGIS) [email protected] 012 941 2050SA Soy Food Association (SSA) [email protected] 012 807 7600SA Society for Crop Production (SASCP) [email protected] 018 299 6346South African Grain Laboratory (SAGL) [email protected] 012 807 4019Bureau for Food and Agricultural Policy (BFAP) [email protected] 012 420 5021

OTHER

INSTITUTION EMAIL NUMBERFIREFire Protection Association of South Africa (FPASA) [email protected] 011 397 1618/9

EMERGENCY NUMBERS

GOVERNMENT (continued)

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139

INSTITUTION EMAIL NUMBERAgri Sector Education and Training Authority (AgriSETA) [email protected] 012 301 5600Cedara College of Agriculture (KwaZulu-Natal) [email protected] 033 355 9304Elsenburg College of Agriculture (Western Cape) [email protected] 021 808 7798Fort Cox College of Agriculture (Eastern Cape) [email protected] 040 653 8033/4/5Glen College of Agriculture (Free State) [email protected] 051 861 8637Grootfontein College of Agriculture (Eastern Cape) [email protected] 049 802 6600Madzivhandila College of Agriculture (Limpopo) [email protected] 015 962 7200North-West University [email protected] 018 299 1111Owen Sithole College of Agriculture (KwaZulu-Natal) [email protected] 035 795 1345Potchefstroom College of Agriculture [email protected] 018 299 6721Sol Plaatje University [email protected] 053 491 0000Taung College of Agriculture [email protected] 053 994 9800Tompi Seleka College of Agriculture (Mpumalanga) [email protected] 013 268 9300Tsolo College of Agriculture (Eastern Cape) [email protected] 047 542 0107University of Limpopo [email protected] 015 268 9111University of the Free State [email protected] 051 401 9111University of Fort Hare (Eastern Cape) [email protected] 043 704 7521University of Mpumalanga [email protected] 013 002 0001University of Pretoria [email protected] 012 420 3111University of Stellenbosch [email protected] 021 808 9111University of Venda [email protected] 015 962 8000University of KwaZulu-Natal [email protected] 031 260 1111University of Zululand [email protected] 035 902 6000University of South Africa [email protected] 012 352 4288

EDUCATION

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Top tips for BURNING VELD

Burning veld can be a bad method if it is abused. It is not normally recommended as a management measure, although it can be used under certain circumstances. Remem-ber, no burning can be done without the necessary permission from the fi re chief of

the region, and all rules with regard to the controlling of fi res must be applied.

WHY DO WE BURN VELD?

To remove superfl uous grass mate-rial that cannot be removed through grazing – not even through high-density grazing.

To control unacceptable alien plants.

To control shrubs/bushes (particu-larly invasive bushes).

To make fi rebreaks.

1UNACCEPTABLE REASONS FOR BURNING VELD

To stimulate new growth in autumn and winter when good quality feed is scarce.

To improve animal performance.

To kill external parasites.

Burn early to avoid strong winds in August and September.

Burn early or late to follow a certain grazing strategy.

2

WHY IS IT UNDESIRABLE TO BURN GRASS?

It reduces the biomass production of the grass.

It can lead to soil erosion.

Major damage can be done to the growth vigour of the palatable grass plants.

4

WHAT IS THE IMPACT OF FIRE ON THE GRASS PLANT?

It destroys the growing points of the grass stalks.

It leads to a temporary drop in the growth vigour of the grass plant.

Fire can reduce the total biomass production by up to 60%.

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gragrassss plaplantsnts..

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HOW SHOULD THE VELD BE BURNT?

Burning to remove dead plant material requires a cool fi re, therefore:

The air temperature should be less than 20°C.

The relative humidity should be above 50%.

It should be done as soon as pos-sible after the fi rst spring rains.

Burn with the wind.

Burning for shrub/bush control requires a hot fi re, therefore:

Suffi cient fl ammable material (grass) should be available (3 to 4 tons DM/ha).

Air temperature should be above 25°C.

The relative humidity must be lower than 30%.

Burning should be done before the fi rst spring rains.

Wind should be present to cause an upwards current.

The trees should start growing ac-tively while the grass is still dormant.

6WHEN IS THE BEST TIME TO BURN VELD?

Research results indicate that, if veld has to be burnt, the best times are as follows:

Before the grass starts regrowing – preferably immediately after the spring rains.

If temperatures are suitable and the grass starts growing before it rains – in this case the grass should be burnt before the fi rst rains.

5

Compiled by Frans Marx, Wolmaransstad Firefi ghting Association

The information in this article is used with acknowledgement to

Dr Franci P Jordaan’s manual, “Die eff ek van brand op grond

en plantegroei”; 2014.

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Christo Bester, LWO Employers’ Organisation

Approach the CCMA PROACTIVELY

Most cases that are referred to the Commission for Conciliation, Mediation and Arbitration (CCMA) relate to unfair dismissal. Arbitration orders are generally in favour of the em-ployee because the employer did not follow the correct procedures.

Use these suggestions to be proactive and to make sure that a CCMA case does not mean the end of your farm:

Compliance with labour legislation is not negotiable, and holds a major business risk for the employer. Manage this proactively and protect your farm.

Every employee must be aware of relevant rules. Employers must have an updated disciplinary code that lists violations, with sanctions to be applied when the rules are transgressed.

Remember, the CCMA mainly addresses two elements when an employee refers a dispute:

Substantive fairness – a valid and fair reason for the sanction to be applied. The employer must be able to prove the following on a balance of probabilities:

Was there a rule in the workplace?

Was the rule fair?

Was the employee aware of the rule?

Did the employee violate the rule?

Did the employer apply progressive discipline (consultation and warnings in accordance with the off ence)?

Did the employer apply discipline consistently?

Did the off ence justify the sanction applied?

Procedural fairness – the required legal procedure before a sanction can be applied. An employer may under no circumstances, even with a valid reason, dismiss an employee without holding a disciplinary hearing to ensure that a fair procedure has been followed. The employer must be able to prove that:

A disciplinary hearing was held.

The employee was informed in writing at least 48 hours before the hearing (weekends and public holidays excluded) so that they could prepare for the hearing.

All documentation (notice to attend the hearing and a procedural applica-tion form) contained all the information required by law.

The presiding offi cer was informed and unbiased.

The accused employee was given every chance possible to prepare for his case and defend himself.

Aggravating and mitigating circumstances were taken into account.

The outcome of the hearing was based on the facts that had been submitted during the hearing.

The off ence justifi ed the sanction applied.

An employee’s hearing and outcome were recorded in writing by the presiding offi cer.

The employee received the outcomein writing.

Apply positive discipline that matches the seriousness of the off ence and keep a record of it.

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RETRENCHMENT – How to manage it

Employers have two objectives: Profi tability and sustainability. Retrenchment is the process the employer has to follow when, among other things, an employee’s position becomes superfl uous and dismissal takes place as a result of operational requirements (because

the employer’s objectives are prejudiced).Labour legislation requires a strict procedure to be followed and the terms and conditions of employment may not be adjusted unilaterally.

Most cases that are referred to the Commission for Conciliation, Mediation and Arbitration (CCMA) relate to unfair

dismissal. Arbitration orders are generally in favour of the employee because the

employer did not follow the correct proce-dures. Compliance with labour legislation is not negotiable and holds a major busi-

ness risk for the employer. Manage it proactively and protect your farm.

Economic reasons: When a business is no longer in the fi nancial position to keep all current staff in its employ, for example due to the economy, drought, amendments in legislation that have an eff ect on business costs, entry of competitors to the market, etc.

Technological reasons: Progress in a sector often produces new methods and technology such as new techniques, inventions, machinery and mechanisation, which can lead to positions becoming superfluous.

Structural reasons: When the business adapts to a changing environment, whether positive or negative, restructuring takes place, and it can also lead to jobs becom-ing superfluous. Structural changes can also refer to a business making strategic changes in terms of vision and objectives.

Inform the employees

After all possibilities have been consid-ered and retrenchment is the last option, the employer must inform employees of this through a written memorandum.Specifi c information should be contained in this memorandum and employees must receive notice at least 48 hours beforehand in order to prepare for the consultation. Trade unions must also be informed, where applicable.

Consultation

All parties take part in the consulta-tion in order to investigate alternatives to retrenchment, draw up time lines and limit the negative impact of the retrenchments. The employer must at all times be open to proposals and must consult individually with each employee who may be aff ected.

Implementation after consensus has been reached

Parties should continue to consult until they have reached consensus. If there is still no alternative to retrenchment, the employer can continue with the staff cut-backs. These employees are then entitled to the following payments, if applicable:

Severance package (one week’s pay for every completed year of service).

Notice period.

Outstanding leave.

Any other outstanding amount to which the employee is entitled.

Substantive fairness – the reasons for which the employer may retrench employees:

Procedural fairness – follow the correct procedure:

Christo Bester, LWO Employers’ Organisation

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What are your rights?Firearms:

Karina Muller, SA Graan/Grain editorial team

Firearm owners often wonder what their rights are. Here are some guidelines to keep in mind.A fi rearm owner is entitled to shoot a person who poses an immediate threat to his life or to that of someone else, should the shooter not be prevented. In terms of Section 49 of the

Criminal Procedure Act, fi rearm owners may only take this step if there is no other reasonable way in which they can protect themselves or others.When you do shoot, keep on shooting until the life-threatening danger ceases. Nico Economakis, arms dealer and secretary of the North West Practical Shooting Association, warns gun-owners not to shoot just to scare someone away.

THE BIGGEST MISTAKE A FIRE-ARM OWNER CAN MAKE, IS TO OWN A WEAPON THAT HE/SHE IS NOT FAMILIAR WITH. IF YOU OWN A FIREARM AND NEVER

PRACTISE WITH IT, IT IS BETTER TO USE A CRICKET BAT. IT IS,

FURTHERMORE, IMPORTANT FOR FIREARM OWNERS TO BUY THE BEST AMMUNITION THEY CAN

AFFORD AND SHOOT REGULARLY SO THAT AMMUNITION DOES NOT

GET OLD (IT SHOULD NOT BE OLDER THAN SIX MONTHS).’

– Nico Economakis

According to Nico the law does not stipulate what type of weapon should be used in this case.

WHAT THEN?What do you do if you have shot? Nico recommends that the scene be left un-changed. ‘The best thing is to put the weapon exactly where you were when you took the shot, and then to call the police. Do not change the scene. It is advisable to call a legal representative and not to make any statement without legal advice. Do not resist if the police arrests you.’

PRACTISE REGULARLYNico advises fi rearm owners to join a shooting club for the following reasons:

A wife may for example use her spouse’s weapon in a life-threatening situation.

Firearm owners get the opportunity to practise with their fi rearms and become familiar with it.

Via the club, fi rearm owners have access to the most recent information on fi rearm legislation.

The club or affi liated association can assist with applications for fi rearm licences.

A weapon may be kept in a bedroom outside the gun safe at night. It may be in a vehicle – provided the owner of the weapon is also in the vehicle – but may under no circumstances be left in the vehicle, not even in a car-safe.

The Firearms Act stipulates that a fi rearm be carried out of sight (concealed under clothing) in a holster.

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WEIGHT

Wheat and soybeans

1 bushel of wheat or soybeans = 60 lb = 27,216 kg = 0,0272 metric tons = bu x 0,027216Bushels to metric tons 36,74371 bu of wheat or soybeansOne metric ton is equal to:Wheat: bu/acre x 0,06725 = metric tons/hectare

Maize and sorghum

1 bushel of maize or sorghum = 56 lb = 25,4012 kg = 0,0254 metric tons = bu x 0,025400Bushels to metric tons 39,3679 bu of maize and sorghumOne metric ton is equal to:Maize: bu/acre x 0,06277 = metric tons/hectare

Barley

1 bushel of barley = 48 lb = 21,772 kg = 0,0218 metric tons = bu x 0,021772Bushels to metric tons 45,9296 bu of barleyOne metric ton is equal to:Barley: bu/acre x 0,05380 = metric tons/hectare

Oats

1 bushel of oats = 32 lb = 14,515 kg = 0,0145 metric tons = bu x 0,014515Bushels to metric tons 68,8944 bu of oatsOne metric ton is equal to:Oats: bu/acre x 0,03587 = metric tons/hectare

1 hectare1 square mile 1 acre

= 2,4710 acres= 640 acres (259 hectares)= 0,404694 hectares= 43,560 square feet= 4,4800 square yards

AREA OF LAND EQUIVALENTS

°F °C32 040 4,450 1060 15,670 21,175 23,985 29,495 35100 37,7105 40

TEMPERATURE

C = 5/9 (F - 32) F = (9/5 x C) + 32

Foot to metreMetre to footMetre to yardGallon to litreLitre to gallonMorgen to hectareKilometre to mileMile to kilometrePound to kilogramPound to gram

FOR CONVERSION; MULTIPLY BY…

0,30483,2811,0944,5460,220,85650,62141,6090,4536453,6

MEASUREMENT, CONVERSION TABLES and FORMULAE

100 kilograms = 1 quintal1 kilogram = 2,240 622 lb1 quintal = 220,462 lb

METRIC WEIGHT AND CONVERSION

= 1 cubic metre of water= 1 000 litres= 10 hundredweights= 10 quintals

1 TON (METRIC TON) IS EQUAL TO

OTHER1 kilogram1 quintal1 metric ton

= 2,204622 pounds= 100 kg= 10 quintals= 1 000 kg

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CALCULATING WATER VOLUMEThere are a few measurements that you need:

Surface area

SURFACE AREAThe surface area of a dam is calculated by multiplying the length by the width.

This will be the case for square or rectangular dams. Most dams start out as a square or rectangle, but over time appear to become rounded. If the dam is not exactly square, round the measurements off . Make sure to err on the conservative side.

Dams such as Turkey Nest dams (used to store water on a relatively fl at terrain) can be any shape, and their dimensions may need to be approximated to calculate the surface area.

Gully dams (used to store water in a gully) can also be of varying shapes and the formula for calculating their storage capacity is discussed on page 147.

VOLUMEWith the surface area depth calculated, the volume can then be determined:

(Where 0,4 accounts for the batter slope on the sides of the dam)

TURKEY NEST DAM

GULLY DAM

Example: 30 m x 50 m = 1 500 m2

Volume (m3) = surface area (m2) x maximum depth (m) x 0,4

Grain is seldom sold at the standard moisture content. When the moisture content is greater than the standard, the weight of the grain is discounted to make provision for the additional moisture.

The following moisture content standards are used as condition for the delivery of commodities at silos:

Delivered Agreed standardSorghum Wheat Maize Soybeans Sunfl ower Groundnuts Canola Barley Oats

For example: Maize is delivered at a moisture content of 14%.

Formula: (100% - delivery %) (100% - standard %) = (100% - 14%) (100% - 12,5%) 86% = 87,5% = 0,9828

By multiplying the weight of the grain delivered by 0,9828, the weight of the maize is calculated at a moisture content of 12,5%, for example the weight of a load of maize of 32 000 kg delivered at 14% moisture is (32 000 kg x 0,9828) 31 449,6 kg @ 12,5% moisture content.

≤ 14% 12,5% – dry ≤ 13% ≤ 14% 12,5% – dry ≤ 13% 12% – dry ≤ 10% 9% – dry ≤ 7% ≤ 8% ≤ 13% ≤ 13%

MOISTURE CONTENT ON DELIVERY

Maximum depth

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Measurement, conversion tables...

To calculate the capacity of your dam in mega litres (ML), divide the volume in m3 by 1 000 e.g. 3 000 m3 / 1 000 = 3 ML

Gully damsEstimate the capacity of small gully storages using this formula:

Example: Water level height up bank = 2 mLength = 20 m, width = 10 mVolume of excavation = 100 m3

Volume = (2 x 20 x 10 + 100)/5 = 100 m3

Width and depth are measured at the embankment site and length is the distance water will back-up (you will need to add the volume of any excavations made below water level to give the total storage capacity). If the excavation volume is not known, substitute the depth of water at the deepest point as an approximation for the depth.

DEPTHOne way to determine dam depth is to row out into the dam and lower a weighted line over the side. When the line is vertical, measure the length of the line needed to reach the bottom. Alternatively, use a pole with distances marked on it. You will need to do this at a number of places across the dam to fi nd the deepest point.

An alternative for smaller dams, or if no boat is available, use a fi shing line with a sinker on the bottom with a fl oat attached. The line is cast out repeatedly, with the fl oat gradually adjusted until it’s not quite fl oating on the surface. The distance between the fl oat and the sinker will be the depth at that point in the dam. Again, you will need to do this at a number of places across the dam.

Reference:Rob Dimsey. December 2006. Vegetable-matters-of-fact, Number 43

Volume = (width x maximum depth x length) / 5 (where 5 is the correction factor)

Example: 1 500 (m2) x 5 (m) x 0,4 = 3 000 m3

DIAMETERIN METRES

DEPTH IN METRES

1,2 m 1,5 m 1,8 m 2,1 m 2,4 m3 8 600 10 760 12 900 15 000 17 200

3,6 12 200 15 300 18 300 21 800 24 4004,2 16 650 20 800 25 000 29 200 33 3004,8 21 700 27 200 32 600 37 900 43 400

6 34 000 42 500 51 000 59 400 68 0007,5 53 000 66 000 75 600 92 700 108 000

9 76 500 95 500 114 700 134 000 150 20010,5 104 000 130 000 155 800 182 000 207 900

12 126 000 170 000 203 500 237 000 271 00013,5 172 000 241 000 257 500 300 000 344 000

15 212 000 266 000 318 200 372 000 425 00016,5 257 000 321 000 385 000 450 000 514 000

18 306 000 382 000 458 000 534 000 610 000

ESTIMATED CAPACITY OF RESERVOIRS (IN LITRES)

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JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN1 Wed Sat Sun Wed Fri Mon

2 Thu Sun Mon Thu Sat Tue

3 Fri Mon Tue Fri Sun Wed

4 Sat Tue Wed Sat Mon Thu

5 Sun Wed Thu Sun Tue Fri

6 Mon Thu Fri Mon Wed Sat

7 Tue Fri Sat Tue Thu Sun

8 Wed Sat Sun Wed Fri Mon








RAINFALL CALENDAR 2020R

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JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN16 Thu Sun Mon Thu Sat Tue














30 Thu Mon Thu Sat Tue

31 Fri Tue Sun

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JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC1 Wed Sat Tue Thu Sun Tue

2 Thu Sun Wed Fri Mon Wed

3 Fri Mon Thu Sat Tue Thu

4 Sat Tue Fri Sun Wed Fri

5 Sun Wed Sat Mon Thu Sat

6 Mon Thu Sun Tue Fri Sun

7 Tue Fri Mon Wed Sat Mon

8 Wed Sat Tue Thu Sun Tue








RAINFALL CALENDAR 2020R

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JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC16 Thu Sun Wed Fri Mon Wed















31 Fri Mon Sat Thu

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First quarter

ADVERTISER SECTION PAGE

Absa FINANCE 110Advance Seed SEED 27Afgri DEVELOPING

AGRICULTURE92

Afrikelp FERTILISER 48Agri Seker FINANCE 106Agrico IMPLEMENTS/

EQUIPMENTBack Cover

Agricol SEED 21Agriplas IRRIGATION 97Algar ANIMALS 115Almaz Agro IMPLEMENTS/

EQUIPMENT42

ARC PEST CONTROL 74ARC PEST CONTROL 75Bagtech FERTILISER 58Bastion FERTILISER 54Bastion FERTILISER Inside

Front Cover

Bayer SEED 8Bayer SEED 18Bayer SEED 32Bayer PEST CONTROL 67Bayer PEST CONTROL 73Bayer PEST CONTROL 77Corporate Guarantee RELEVANT 136Corteva PEST CONTROL 81Ekor FERTILISER 64Electrolee TECHNOLOGY 101GSI STORAGE AND

MARKETING88

H Pistorius & Co FERTILISER 56H Pistorius & Co FERTILISER 57Husqvarna IMPLEMENTS/

EQUIPMENT43

ICL FERTILISER 60Impac FINANCE 108Inteligro PEST CONTROL 69

Index OfAdvertisers

ADVERTISER SECTION PAGE

Inteliseed SEED 29JHB Tractor IMPLEMENTS/

EQUIPMENT38

John Deere Financial IMPLEMENTS/EQUIPMENT

40

John Deere Financial IMPLEMENTS/EQUIPMENT

41

Jupidex IMPLEMENTS/EQUIPMENT 36

K2 SEED 31Kynoch FERTILISER 50Link Seed SEED 16Maizey Engineering Plastics

IMPLEMENTS/EQUIPMENT

45

MBFI FERTILISER 62Nedbank FINANCE 109Netafi m IRRIGATION 98Nulandis PEST CONTROL 82Pannar SEED 12Pannar SEED 13Pioneer SEED 11Proagrica TECHNOLOGY 102Rovic Leers IMPLEMENTS/

EQUIPMENT34

RS Components IMPLEMENTS/EQUIPMENT

46

Sensako SEED 15Senwes Grainlink STORAGE AND

MARKETING85

Staalboer IMPLEMENTS/EQUIPMENT

37

Syngenta PEST CONTROL 68Syngenta PEST CONTROL 70United Seeds SEED 24University of the Free State

DEVELOPING AGRICULTURE

91

Valtrac IMPLEMENTS/EQUIPMENT

39

Vicro Bulk STORAGE AND MARKETING 87

Villa Crop PEST CONTROL 78Zinchem FERTILISER 53

Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa31 132 2 3 4 5 6 7 833 9 10 11 12 13 14 1534 16 17 18 19 20 21 2235 23 24 25 26 27 28 2936 30 31

Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa45 1 2 3 4 5 6 746 8 9 10 11 12 13 1447 15 16 17 18 19 20 2148 22 23 24 25 26 27 2849 29 30

Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa27 1 2 3 428 5 6 7 8 9 10 1129 12 13 14 15 16 17 1830 19 20 21 22 23 24 2531 26 27 28 29 30 31

Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa40 1 2 341 4 5 6 7 8 9 1042 11 12 13 14 15 16 1743 18 19 20 21 22 23 2444 25 26 27 28 29 30 31

Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa36 1 2 3 4 537 6 7 8 9 10 11 1238 13 14 15 16 17 18 1939 20 21 22 23 24 25 2640 27 28 29 30

Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa49 1 2 3 4 550 6 7 8 9 10 11 1251 13 14 15 16 17 18 1952 20 21 22 23 24 25 2653 27 28 29 30 31

Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa1 1 2 3 42 5 6 7 8 9 10 113 12 13 14 15 16 17 184 19 20 21 22 23 24 255 26 27 28 29 30 31

2020

2021

SEPTEMBER

APRIL

JULY

OCTOBER NOVEMBER DECEMBER

MAY JUNE

AUGUST

JANUARYSu Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa

5 16 2 3 4 5 6 7 87 9 10 11 12 13 14 158 16 17 18 19 20 21 229 23 24 25 26 27 28 29

Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa18 1 219 3 4 5 6 7 8 920 10 11 12 13 14 15 1621 17 18 19 20 21 22 2322 24 25 26 27 28 29 3023 31

Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa14 1 2 3 415 5 6 7 8 9 10 1116 12 13 14 15 16 17 1817 19 20 21 22 23 24 2518 26 27 28 29 30

Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa10 1 2 3 4 5 6 711 8 9 10 11 12 13 1412 15 16 17 18 19 20 2113 22 23 24 25 26 27 2814 29 30 31

Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa23 1 2 3 4 5 624 7 8 9 10 11 12 1325 14 15 16 17 18 19 2026 21 22 23 24 25 26 2727 28 29 30

FEBRUARY MARCH

Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa36 1 2 3 437 5 6 7 8 9 10 1138 12 13 14 15 16 17 1839 19 20 21 22 23 24 2540 26 27 28 29 30

SEPTEMBER

Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa14 1 2 315 4 5 6 7 8 9 1016 11 12 13 14 15 16 1717 18 19 20 21 22 23 2418 25 26 27 28 29 30

APRIL

Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa27 1 2 328 4 5 6 7 8 9 1029 11 12 13 14 15 16 1730 18 19 20 21 22 23 2431 25 26 27 28 29 30 31

JULY

Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa40 1 241 3 4 5 6 7 8 942 10 11 12 13 14 15 1643 17 18 19 20 21 22 2344 24 25 26 27 28 29 3045 31

OCTOBERSu Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa

45 1 2 3 4 5 646 7 8 9 10 11 12 1347 14 15 16 17 18 19 2048 21 22 23 24 25 26 2749 28 29 30

NOVEMBERSu Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa

49 1 2 3 450 5 6 7 8 9 10 1151 12 13 14 15 16 17 1852 19 20 21 22 23 24 2553 26 27 28 29 30 31

DECEMBER

Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa18 119 2 3 4 5 6 7 820 9 10 11 12 13 14 1521 16 17 18 19 20 21 2222 23 24 25 26 27 28 2923 30 31

MAYSu Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa

23 1 2 3 4 524 6 7 8 9 10 11 1225 13 14 15 16 17 18 1926 20 21 22 23 24 25 2627 27 28 29 30

JUNE

AUGUSTSu Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa

32 1 2 3 4 5 6 733 8 9 10 11 12 13 1434 15 16 17 18 19 20 2135 22 23 24 25 26 27 2836 29 30 31

Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa1 1 22 3 4 5 6 7 8 93 10 11 12 13 14 15 164 17 18 19 20 21 22 235 24 25 26 27 28 29 306 31

JANUARYSu Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa

6 1 2 3 4 5 67 7 8 9 10 11 12 138 14 15 16 17 18 19 209 21 22 23 24 25 26 2710 28

FEBRUARYSu Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa

10 1 2 3 4 5 611 7 8 9 10 11 12 1312 14 15 16 17 18 19 2013 21 22 23 24 25 26 2714 28 29 30 31

MARCH

Graangids 2020_cover.indd - SA Grain

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