GAWLER INSTITUTE AND TOWN HALL

Item 9.4 – Gawler Connect Project Update ATTACHMENT 1 Current Gawler Connect Floor Plans

ATTACHMENT 2 Project Program

ATTACHMENT 3 Project Management Plan

ATTACHMENT 4 Reading Room, Schumann & Associates Report

ATTACHMENT 5 Reading Room, Flightpath Report

ATTACHMENT 6 Gawler Connect information communication

TOWN OF GAWLER COUNCIL MEETING 24 MARCH 2015

ATTACHMENTS UNDER SEPARATE COVER

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ATTACHMENT 1TOWN OF GAWLER COUNCIL MEETING 24 MARCH 2015


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2015 J A N F E B M A R A P R M A Y J U N J U L A U G S E P O C T N O V D E CREVISED 02 FEBRUARY 2015 M 5 12 19 26 2 9 16 23 2 9 16 23 30 6 13 20 27 4 11 18 25 1 8 15 22 29 6 13 20 27 3 10 17 24 31 7 14 21 28 5 12 19 26 2 9 16 23 30 7 14 21 28ACTIVITY F 9 16 23 30 6 13 20 27 6 13 20 27 3 10 17 24 1 8 15 22 29 5 12 19 26 3 10 17 24 31 7 14 21 28 4 11 18 25 2 9 16 23 30 6 13 20 27 4 11 18 25 1FUNDING SUBMISSION OUTCOMEDEVELOPMENT PLAN CONSENT REQUIRED[Project Approval is required within 6 months]CONSULTANTS SELECTION

Design Consultants REOIsSustainability Consultants ROIsCost Consultants REOIs 2Assess Design Consultants REOIsInterview Design Consultants 3Recommend Design Consultants Short listPrepare Design Consultants Tender Docs 2Design Consultants Tendering 2Design Consultants Tender AssessmentInterview Design Consultants 2Recommend & Engage Design Consultant 1Assess Sustainability / Cost Consultants REOIs 2Interview Sustainabiliy / Cost ConsultantsRecommend Sustainability / Cost Consultants Short listPrepare Sustainability / Cost Consultants Tender Docs 2Sustainability / Cost Consultants Tendering 2Sustainability / Cost Consultants Tender Assessment 2Interview Sustainability / Cost Consultants 1Recommend & Engage Sustainability / Cost Consultants 1

DESIGN CONSULTANCYBriefing 6Council PresentationSchematic Design 8Council PresentationPublic Information Session 1

COUNCIL APPROVAL 1Design Development 10

BUILDING CONTRACTOR SELECTIONPrepare Contractor REOI 2Contractor REOI 2Assess Contractor REOI 2Interview & Short-List for Tendering 1

DESIGN CONSULTANCYDEVELOPMENT PLAN CONSENT 6Construction Documentation

G A W L E R C O N N E C T P R O J E C T P R O G R A M . 2



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G A W L E R C O N N E C T P R O J E C T P R O G R A M . 22015 J A N F E B M A R A P R M A Y J U N J U L A U G S E P O C T N O V D E C

REVISED 02 FEBRUARY 2015 M 5 12 19 26 2 9 16 23 2 9 16 23 30 6 13 20 27 4 11 18 25 1 8 15 22 29 6 13 20 27 3 10 17 24 31 7 14 21 28 5 12 19 26 2 9 16 23 30 7 14 21 28ACTIVITY F 9 16 23 30 6 13 20 27 6 13 20 27 3 10 17 24 1 8 15 22 29 5 12 19 26 3 10 17 24 31 7 14 21 28 4 11 18 25 2 9 16 23 30 6 13 20 27 4 11 18 25 1

TEMPORARY ACCOMMODATIONDevelop Accommodation Strategy 4Determine Requirements 3Write Brief 3Tender Design Consultancy - Select Tender 3Assess Design Tenders & Make Recommendation 2Appoint Consultants 1Design & Documentation 6Tender Relocation Works 3Assess Works Tenders & Make Recommendation 2Appoint Contractor 1



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G A W L E R C O N N E C T P R O J E C T P R O G R A M . 22016 J A N F E B M A R A P R M A Y J U N J U L A U G S E P O C T N O V D E C

REVISED 02 FEBRUARY 2015 M 4 11 18 25 1 8 15 22 29 7 14 21 28 4 11 18 25 2 9 16 23 30 6 13 20 27 4 11 18 25 1 8 15 22 29 5 12 19 26 3 10 17 24 31 7 14 21 28 5 12 19 26ACTIVITY F 8 15 22 29 5 12 19 26 4 11 18 25 1 8 15 22 29 6 13 20 27 3 10 17 24 1 8 15 22 29 5 12 19 26 2 9 16 23 30 7 14 21 28 4 11 18 25 2 9 16 23 30FUNDING REQUIREMENTS: START CONSTRUCTION[Start Project Construction within 12 months]DESIGN CONSULTANTS

Construction Documentation (continued) 16BUILDING RULES CONSENT 4DEVELOPMENT APPROVAL 2

BUILDING CONTRACTOR TENDERPrepare Contractor Tendering Documents 1Contractor Tendering 4Assess Contractor Tenders 2Interview & Recommed Building Contractor 1Council Presentation

COUNCIL APPROVAL 1CONSTRUCTION

Sign Contract & Ramp up 2Construction 35

TEMPORARY ACCOMMODATIONTemporary Works 4Relocate 2

2017 J A N F E B M A R A P R M A Y J U N J U L A U G S E P O C T N O V D E CM 2 9 16 23 30 6 13 20 27 6 13 20 27 3 10 17 24 1 8 15 22 29 5 12 19 26 3 10 17 24 31 7 14 21 28 4 11 18 25 2 9 16 23 30 6 13 20 27 4 11 18 25

ACTIVITY F 6 13 20 27 3 10 17 24 3 10 17 24 31 7 14 21 28 5 12 19 26 2 9 16 23 30 7 14 21 28 4 11 18 25 1 8 15 22 29 6 13 20 27 3 10 17 24 1 8 15 22 29CONSTRUCTION

Construction 45 80Commissioning & Occupation 2Defects Liability Period 52 weeks E N D O C T 2 0 1 8

2018 J A N F E B M A RM 1 8 15 22 29 5 12 19 26 5 15 22 29

ACTIVITY F 5 12 19 26 2 9 16 23 2 12 19 26 2TEMPORARY ACCOMMODATION

Decommission Temporary Accommodation 3



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C:\Users\Patricia Coonan\AppData\Local\Hewlett-Packard\HP TRIM\TEMP\HPTRIM.4596\CR15 8689 Attachment 3 Project Management Plan - Gawler Connect Project Update Council Meeting 24-03-2015

G A W L E R C O N N E C T P R O J E C TP R O J E C T M A N A G E M E N T P L A N 24-Nov-14

PHILOSOPHYWhere there are Risks there are also OpportunitiesProjects are primarily about:

Time, Cost and QualityProject Delivery is primarily about:

People, Knowledge and ProcessIf the right People with the right Knowledge and the right Processes are involved, Projects will be

delivered on Time, on Budget and to the right QualityIn most cases, Project Outcomes will exceed expectations

OVERVIEWPROJECT DEFINITIONDESIGN CONSULTANTS: SELECTION

Registration of InterestROI AssessmentTenderingTender AssessmentEngagement

SUSTAINABILITY CONSULTANT: SELECTIONRegistration of InterestROI AssessmentTenderingTender AssessmentEngagement

COST MANAGEMENT CONSULTANT: SELECTIONRegistration of InterestROI AssessmentTenderingTender AssessmentEngagement

DESIGN CONSULTANT: CONSULTANCYBriefingSchematic DesignDesign DevelopmentDevelopment ApplicationContract DocumentationBuilding Rules ConsentTendering & Tender AssessmentContract Administration (Construction)Post Contract Services

SUSTAINABILITY CONSULTANT: CONSULTANCYBriefingSchematic DesignDesign DevelopmentContract DocumentationConstruction

COST MANAGEMENT CONSULTANT: CONSULTANCYBriefingSchematic DesignDesign DevelopmentContract DocumentationTendering & Tender AssessmentContract Administration (Construction)Post Contract Services



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PROJECT DEFINITIONConfirm ClientConfirm UsersConfirm StakeholdersConfirm Project Control GroupDetermine Vision, Objectives and Rationale behind the ObjectivesDetermine Facilities required to fulfill the ObjectivesPrepare a Schedule of desired AccommodationDetermine Spatial Requirements of the desired FacilitiesReview Existing Documentation

DrawingsSpecificationsImagesCondition SurveysCompliance ReportsConservation Plans

Consult with Heritage SA re: parameters for Development PotentialDetermine other relevant Authorities for initial consultation eg.

SA Power NetworksSA WaterTelstra

Explore the Development potential of the SiteTest the ability of the Site to accommodate the desired Facility requirementsRevise and amend Facility Requirements as a result of the aboveConfirm Schedule of AccommodationPrepare Preliminary Block PlansPrepare Outline Scope of WorkPrepare Probable Project Cost EstimatesPrepare Preliminary Project Delivery ProgramPrepare Preliminary Project Brief: Brief includes

Vision StatementObjectives and RationaleSchedule of AccommodationPreliminary Block PlansOutline Scope of WorkRelevant Existing DocumentationProgram

Relocation Strategies StaffLibraryCouncil ChambersIssues:Library OperationsPossible sites for Staff & Council ChambersTimeframes



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DESIGN CONSULTANTS: SELECTIONRegistration of InterestPrepare Registration of Interest Documents including:

Preliminary Project Brief (as above)Registration Requirements:

Company ProfileExperience / Expertise in the following:

Local Government ProjectsState Heritage BuildingsSmart LibrariesDigital HubsCultural Heritage FacilitiesCommunity FacilitiesMulti-Functional Facilities Council ChambersOffice AccommodationBiofilic Design

Design Team: Company and Key PersonnelArchitect & Primary ConsultantHeritage ArchitectInterior DesignerStructural & Civil EngineersGeotech ServicesMechanical, Electrical, Fire Protection, Hydraulics EngineersVertical Transportation EngineerLandscape ArchitectDisability ConsultantAcoustic ConsultantBCA Consultant

Preliminary ProgramPre-Lodgement experience with the Development Assessment CommissionInnovation in the Renovation and Adaptable Re-use of Heritage BuildingsSustainability InnitiativesPercieved Risks & OpportunitiesReferees

Registration Lodgement detailsContact details

Upload ROI onto SA Tenders websiteReceive ROIs in hard and soft formatsROI AssessmentAssessment against the Registration Requirements

Company ProfileExperience / Expertise Design Team: Company and Key PersonnelProgramPre-lodgement ExperienceInnovation in the Renovation and Adaptable Re-use of Heritage BuildingsSustainability InitiativesPercieved Risks & OpportunitiesReferees

Short List Consultants for TenderingInterview Short-listed ConsultantsRecommend Short List for ApprovalReceive ApprovalAdvise successful and unsuccessful Consultants



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TenderingPrepare Tendering Documentation including:

Project BriefBackgroundProject BriefProject ScopeRequirements BriefsExisting DocumentationBlock PlansBudgetAdditional Information

General InformationConditions of EngagementCost ManagementSustainability ConfidentialityGoods & Services TaxEvaluation CriteriaSelection PanelSite InspectionContact Details

Tendering RequirementsProfessional Services

BriefingSchematic DesignDesign DevelopmentDevelopment ApplicationConstruction DocumentationBuilding Rules ConsentTendering & Tender AssessmentContract AdministrationPost Contract Services

Confirmation of TeamMethodology / WorkplanProgramTender FormProfessional FeesHourly RatesCashflowRisk AssessmentContract AdministrationProject ProcurementInsurancesQuality Management

Tender Lodgement detailsContact Details



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Tender AssessmentAssessment against the Tendering Requirements

Professional ServicesConfirmation of TeamMethodology / WorkplanProgramTender FormProfessional FeesHourly RatesCashflowProject ProcurementInsurancesQuality Management

Design Consultant RecommendationInterview Prospective Consultant TeamsRecommend prefered Consultant TeamReceive ApprovalAppoint Consultant Team / Sign ContractAdvise unsuccessful Tenderers



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SUSTAINABILITY CONSULTANT: SELECTIONRegistration of InterestPrepare Registration of Interest Documents including:



Local Government ProjectsState Heritage BuildingsSmart LibrariesDigital HubsCultural Heritage FacilitiesCommunity FacilitiesMulti-Functional Facilities Council ChambersOffice Accommodation

Sustainability Consultant TeamKey Personnel

RefereesRegistration Lodgement detailsContact details


Company ProfileExperience / Expertise Sustainability Consultant TeamReferees

Short List Consultants for TenderingInterview Short-listed ConsultantsRecommend Short List for ApprovalReceive approvalAdvise successful and unsuccessful Consultants


Project BriefBackgroundProject BriefProject ScopePreliminary Requirements BriefsExisting DocumentationBlock PlansBudgetAdditional Information

General InformationConditions of EngagementConfidentialityGoods & Services TaxEvaluation CriteriaSelection PanelSite InspectionContact Details



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Define Sustainability InitiativesStart up Workshop with Design Consultant TeamAssessment of Consultants' DesignsAudit of Rating achievedPreparation of Sustainability Report for Development ApprovalValidation of Installation

Confirmation of TeamAbility to meet ProgramTender FormProfessional FeesHourly RatesCashflowInsurancesQuality Management



Professional ServicesConfirmation of TeamAbility to meet ProgramTender FormProfessional FeesHourly RatesCashflowInsurancesQuality Management

Sustainability Consultant RecommendationInterview Prospective Consultant TeamsRecommend prefered Consultant TeamReceive approvalAppoint Sustainability Consultant / Sign ContractAdvise unsuccessful Tenderers



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COST MANAGEMENT CONSULTANT: SELECTIONRegistration of InterestPrepare Registration of Interest Documents including:



Local Government ProjectsState Heritage BuildingsSmart LibrariesDigital HubsCultural Heritage FacilitiesCommunity FacilitiesMulti-Functional Facilities Council ChambersOffice Accommodation

Cost Consultant TeamKey Personnel

RefereesRegistration Lodgement detailsContact details


Company ProfileExperience / Expertise Cost Consultant TeamReferees

Short List Consultants for TenderingInterview Short-listed ConsultantsRecommend Short List for ApprovalReceive approvalAdvise successful and unsuccessful Consultants


Project BriefBackgroundProject BriefProject ScopePreliminary Requirements BriefsExisting DocumentationBlock PlansBudgetAdditional Information

General InformationConditions of EngagementConfidentialityGoods & Services TaxEvaluation CriteriaSelection PanelSite InspectionContact Details



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Review of Existing Budget AllocationsPrepare Cost Estimates at the following Stages: Schematic Design Design development Contract Documentation, Pre-TenderAssist with Registrations of Interest and Assessments for Building ContractorsAssist with Tender Assessments and Prepararation of Evaluation ReportAssessment and recommendations of Progress Claims during Contract AdministrationAssessment and Recommendations of Variation Claims during Contract AdministrationPost Contract Services as required

Confirmation of TeamAbility to meet ProgramTender FormProfessional FeesHourly RatesCashflowInsurancesQuality Management



Professional ServicesConfirmation of TeamAbility to meet ProgramTender FormProfessional FeesHourly RatesCashflowInsurancesQuality Management

Cost Management Consultant RecommendationInterview Prospective Consultant TeamsRecommend prefered Consultant TeamReceive approvalAppoint Cost Management Consultant / Sign ContractAdvise unsuccessful Tenderers



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DESIGN CONSULTANTS: CONSULTANCY SERVICESG E N E R A L R E Q U I R E M E N T S F O R A L L S T A G E S Liaison

Liaise with the Council's Project ManagerCoordination

Coordinate the Services of all Sub-ConsultantsCoordinate the Services of the Council's Sustainability and Cost Management Consultants

AuthoritiesLiaise with Aurthorities at appropriate Stages as required:

Development Assessment Commission in a Pre-lodgement ProcessHeritage SASA Power NetworksSA WaterTelstra

Design Team MeetingsConduct Regular Design Team Meetings

Project Control Group MeetingsAttend Monthly Project Control Group Meetings with the Council Executive

Council PresentationsPresent Formal Council Presentations at the following Stages:

At Completion of BriefingAt Completion of Schematic DesignAt Building Contractor Tender Recommendation

ProgramRegularly review Deliverables against the Project Program

B R I E F I N GReview

Review Documentation provided in Consultants' Tendering DocumentsArchitectural / Heritage / Interior Design: BriefingAccommodation Requirements:

Conduct Briefing Sessions to determine Operational & Spatial Requirements for:Customer Service AreaLibrary Reading RoomDigital HubCultural Heritage CentreCommunity Meeting RoomsYouth CentreMulti-Function SpaceAboriginal CaféCouncil ChamberCouncil ExecutiveCouncil OfficesGawler Club

Determine Requirements for Ancillary Facilities:LiftsStairsToiletsPlant RoomsRiser DuctsComms Rooms Switchboards

Prepare Functional and Spatial Return Brief for ApprovalPresent Return Brief to the ExecutivePresent Return Brief and Project Understanding to the Council - Introduce DesignTeam to Council

Design Team to include Architect, Heritage Architect, Structural Representative and Building Services Representative only.

Council Brief ApprovalExisting Buildings Survey

Conduct Surveys to establish accuracy of Existing Building DocumentationAmend Base Documents as required

Conduct Building, Structural & Building Services Condition Survey & prepare Report to the agreed Condition Survey Format



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Existing Documents ReviewReview Gawler Town Hall Conservation Plan dated March 2001Review Gawler Institute Conservation Plan dated March 2001Review Floor Capacity Checks dated September 2010Review Asbestos Register dated May 2013Review Building Condition & Compliance Audit dated January 2014Review the Reading Room Heritage Report dated November 2014Review Reading Room Conservation Management Plan dated February 2015Review Plans of the IES BuildingReview Development Plans and sections of Development to the South of the Project

Sub-ConsultantsBrief Sub-Consultants:

Heritage ArchitectStructural / Civil EngineersGeotech ServicesMechanical EngineersElectrical EngineersFire Protection EngineersHydraulics EngineersVertical Transportation EngineersLandscape Architect

Sustainability ConsultantAttend Startup Workshop with Sustainability Consultant to determine feasible Sustainability Targets



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S C H E M A T I C D E S I G NArchitectural / Heritage / Interior Design: Schematic Design

Prepare Schematic Plans which respond to the Project BriefPrepare Preliminary Space Planning for all Accommodation componentsPrepare Preliminary Scope of Works for Heritage Components based on the Condition SurveyPrepare Scope of Works for New Build ElementsPrepare an Option which includes an Additional Floor for Council Offices in the New Build

This Option is to explore the relocation of Council Staff currently housed in the IES facilityPrepare Preliminary Scope of Work for remediating AsbestosPrepare Schematic Sections and ElevationsPrepare Preliminary Schedule of Materials & FinishesPrepare 3D Renderings of Internal & External ProposalsPrepare Site Works ConceptsPrepare Draft Heritage Impact StatementPresent Schematics for reviewPrepare Schematic Design Report comprising:

Site Plans, Floor Plans, Sections & ElevationsSpace Planning solutions - Various Functional layouts for Multi-function spaceMaterials & Finishes SelectionsStructural ConceptsMechanical Services ConceptsElectrical Services ConceptsFire Protection ConceptsHydraulic Services ConceptsVertical Transportation ConceptsLandscape ConceptsDisability Compliance reviewAcoustic RecommendationsBCA Compliance reviewDraft Heritage Impact StatementCoordinate the inclusion of Sustainability InitiativesCoordinate the inclusion of Schematic Design Cost Estimates including the Additional Office

Floor OptionPresent Schematic Design Report Present Schematic Design to the ExecutivePresent Schematic Design to Council for approval to hold Public Information SessionAttend Public Information SessionFormal Council Schematic Design Approval



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Structural / Civil: Schematic DesignUndertake Geotech Investigations and ReportRecommendations for:

Substructural SystemsExcavationPilingFootingsSlabs on groundPits

Superstructural SystemsColumns & Load bearing wallsSuspended floorsRoof FramingBracing for Wind & EarthquakeStairs / RampsLift & Stair ShaftsCorrosion Protection

Civil WorksSite PreparationEarthworksRetaining WallsSite GradingStormwaterRoadworksPavementsKerbing & Guttering

Mechanical Services: Schematic DesignRecommendations for:

Air Conditioning SystemsToilet Exhaust SystemsKitchen Exhaust SystemsSmoke Hazard ManagementSeismic RestraintsESD Considerations

Prepare Preliminary Cost EstimatesElectrical Services: Schematic Design

Recommendations for:Mains Power SupplyPhotovoltaic SupplyPower DistributionDedicated PowerUninterrupteable PowerGeneral & Specialised LightingExit & Emergency LightingCommunications (Voice / Data)A/V SystemsMATVSecurity SystemsBuilding Automation System including an Interpretive Display Screen with multiple inputsSeismic RestraintsEnergy Efficiency

Prepare Preliminary Cost EstimatesFire Protection Services: Schematic Design

Recommendations for:Fire Detection & Alarm SystemsEvacuation SystemsSprinkler SystemsFire HydrantsFire Hose ReelsFire ExtinguishersFire BlanketsSeismic Restraints

Prepare Preliminary Cost Estimates



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Hydraulic / Gas Services: Schematic DesignRecommendations for:

Mains Water SupplyCold & Hot Water ReticulationBoiling / Chilled WaterSanitary DrainageTrade Waste DrainageSolar Hot WaterReclaimed StormwaterGas ServicesSeismic RestraintsEnergy Efficiency

Prepare Preliminary Cost EstimatesVertical Transportation: Schematic Design

Recommendations for:Lift Services

Prepare Preliminary Cost EstimatesLandscape: Schematic Design

Recommendations for:Landscaping

Disability ConsultantReview of Schematics for Compliance

Acoustic ConsultantRecommendations for:

Acoustic TreatmentsBCA Consultant

Review of Schematics for ComplianceD E S I G N D E V E L O P M E N TReview

Review Schematic Design ProposalArchitectural / Hertiage / Interior Design: Design Development

Finalise Space Planning for all Accommodation componentsFinalise Architectural Elements for Heritage and New Build Components:

Demolition Asbestos RemediationExternal WallsWindowsInternal WallsPartitionsWall FinishesDoorsFloorsFloor FinishesStairs / Ramps / BalustradesCeilings & FinishesRoofs

Finalise Furniture Fittings & Equipment Selection & DesignJoinerySystems FurnitureLoose FurnitureEquipmentSanitarywareTapwareAccessoriesSignage

Present Developed Designs for review



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Prepare Design Development Report comprising:Site Plans, Floor Plans, Furniture & Equipment LayoutsFinalised Sections & ElevationsFinalised Materials & Finishes SelectionsStructural SolutionsMechanical Services SolutionsElectrical Services SolutionsFire Protection SolutionsHydraulic Services SolutionsVertical Transportation SolutionsLandscape SolutionsFinalised Sustainability InitiativesDesign Development Cost Estimates

Present Design Development Report for ApprovalDesign Development Approval Submit Documentation to Development Assessment Commission for Development Plan ConsentObtain Development Plan Consent

Structural / Civil: Design Development Finalise Proposals for:




Mechanical Services: Design DevelopmentFinalise Proposals for:


Review Cost Estimates



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Electrical Services: Design Development Finalise Proposals for:

Mains Power SupplyPhotovoltaic SupplyPower DistributionDedicated PowerUninterrupteable PowerGeneral & Specialised LightingExit & Emergency LightingCommunications (Voice / Data)A/V SystemsMATVSecurity SystemsBuilding Automation System including an Interpretive Display Screen with multiple inputsSeismic RestraintsEnergy Efficiency

Review Cost EstimatesFire Protection Services: Design Development

Finalise Proposals for:Fire Detection & Alarm SystemsEvacuation SystemsSprinkler SystemsFire HydrantsFire Hose ReelsFire ExtinguishersFire BlanketsSeismic Restraints

Review Cost Estimates



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Hydraulic / Gas Services: Design DevelopmentFinalise Proposals for:


Review Cost EstimatesVertical Transportation: Design Development

Finalise Proposals for:Lift Services

Review Cost EstimatesLandscape: Design Development

Finalise Proposals for:Landscaping

Disability ConsultantReview of Developed Designs for Compliance

Acoustic ConsultantProvide details for:

Acoustic TreatmentsBCA Consultant

Review of Developed Designs for ComplianceC O N S T R U C T I O N D O C U M E N T A T I O NReview

Review Design Development DocumentationArchitectural / Heritage / Interior Design: Documentation

Document Architectural Elements for Heritage and New Build Components comprising:General Arrangement Drawings: Plans, Sections & Elevations / Construction Details / Schedules &Technical Specifications for:

DemolitionAsbestos RemediationExternal WallsWindowsInternal WallsPartitionsWall FinishesDoorsFloorsFloor FinishesStairs / Ramps / BalustradesCeilings & FinishesRoofs

Document Furniture Fittings & Equipment comprising:General Arrangement Drawings: Plans / Construction Details / Schedules &Technical Specifications for:

JoinerySystems FurnitureLoose FurnitureEquipmentSanitarywareTapwareAccessoriesSignage

Present Construction Documentation for ApprovalConstruction Documentation Approval Submit Construction Documentation for Building Rules ConsentObtain Building Rules ConsentObtain Development Approval



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Structural / Civil: DocumentationDocument Structural & Civil Elements for Heritage and New Build Components comprising:General Arrangement Drawings: Plans, Sections & Elevations / Construction Details / Schedules &Technical Specifications for:




Mechanical Services: DocumentationDocument Mechanical Services for Heritage and New Build Components comprising:General Arrangement Drawings: Plans / Construction Details / Schedules &Technical Specifications for:


Prepare Final Cost EstimatesElectrical Services: Documentation

Document Electrical Services for Heritage and New Build Components comprising:General Arrangement Drawings: Plans / Construction Details / Schedules &Technical Specifications for:

Mains Power SupplyPhotovoltaic SupplyPower DistributionDedicated PowerUninterrupteable PowerGeneral & Specialised LightingExit & Emergency LightingCommunications (Voice / Data)A/V SystemsMATVSecurity SystemsBuilding Automation System including an Interpretive Display Screen with multiple inputsSeismic RestraintsEnergy Efficiency

Prepare Final Cost Estimates



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Fire Protection Services: DocumentationDocument Electrical Services for Heritage and New Build Components comprising:General Arrangement Drawings: Plans / Construction Details / Schedules &Technical Specifications for:

Fire Detection & Alarm SystemsEvacuation SystemsSprinkler SystemsFire HydrantsFire Hose ReelsFire ExtinguishersFire BlanketsSeismic Restraints

Prepare Final Cost EstimatesHydraulic / Gas Services: Documentation

Document Hydraulic / Gas Services for Heritage and New Build Components comprising:General Arrangement Drawings: Plans / Construction Details / Schedules &Technical Specifications for:


Prepare Final Cost EstimatesVertical Transportation: Documentation

Document Vertical Transportation Services comprising:General Arrangement Drawings: Plans / Construction Details / Schedules &Technical Specifications for:

Lift ServicesPrepare Final Cost Estimates

Landscape: DocumentationDocument Landscaping comprising:General Arrangement Drawings: Plans / Construction Details / Schedules &Technical Specifications for:

LandscapingDisability Consultant

Review Construction Documents for ComplianceAcoustic Consultant

Review Acoustic Detailing BCA Consultant

Assess Construction Documentation for Building Rules ConsentDocument Building Rules Consent



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T E N D E R I N G & T E N D E R A S S E S S M E N T Registration of Interest for Building Contractorsat Design Development StageAssist with the Preparation of Registration of Interest Documents comprising:

Project VisionProject Description Project StatusDesign ConsultantsDesign Development DocumentsSite Inspection DetailsContact details Registration Requirements:

Company ProfileExperience & Expertise in:

Renovation and Adaptive Reuse of Heritage BuildingsNew Multi-Storey ConstructionSpecialised FitoutsEnvironmentally Sustainable Developments

Construction TeamHead Contractor's Key Personnel Prefered Key Sub-Contractors for: Demolition Asbestos Remediation Heritage Works Structure Mechanical services Electrical Services Hydraulic Services Fire Protection Services

Indicative Construction ProgramWH&S ProceduresQuality ManagementEnvironmental ManagementWorks & Public Liability InsurancesWorkcover RegistrationFinancial Capability StatementRefereesRegistration Lodgement Details

Upload REOI onto SA Tenders websiteReceive REOIs

Registration of Interest AssessmentAssist with the Assessment against the Registration Requirements

Company ProfileExperience / Expertise Construction Team

Head Contractor' Key PersonnelKey Sub-Contractors

Indicative Construction ProgramWH&S ProceduresQuality ManagementEnvironmental ManagementWorks & Public Liability InsurancesWorkcover RegistrationReferees



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Short List Building Contractors for TenderingInterview Short-listed ContractorsRecommend Short List for ApprovalReceive ApprovalAdvise successful and unsuccessful Contractors

Tendering for Building Contractorsat completion of Construction Documentation StagePrepare Tendering Documents comprising:

Letter of InvitationConditions of TenderingForm of ContractTechnica

Architectural Drawings, Schedules & SpecificationsStructural & Civil Drawings, Schedules & Specifications Mechanical Services Drawings, Schedules, Specifications & Technical Data SheetsElectrical Services Drawings, Schedules, Specifications & Technical Data SheetsFire protection Services Drawings, Schedules, Specifications and Technical Data SheetsHydraulic Services Drawings, Schedules, Specifications & Technical Data SheetsVertical Transportation Drawings, Schedules, Specifications & Technical Data SheetsLandscape Drawings, Schedules & Specifications Schedules of Rates

Contact Details for QueriesSite Inspection DetailsTender Requirements

Tender Form / Contract SumStatutory DeclarationFinancial Capability StatementTender Cost DetailsSub-ContractorsProgramCashflowTechnical Data SheetsSchedules of RatesQualificationsAlternatives


Tender Form / Contract SumStatutory DeclarationTender Cost DetailsSub-ContractorsProgramCashflowTechnical DataSchedules of RatesClarifications & QualificationsAlternatives

Resolve Tender Clarifications & QualificationsInterview Prospective Tenderers Recommend Prefered Building Contractor

Prepare Tender Recommendation ReportPresent Tender Recommendation to the Council ExecutivePresent Tender Recommendation to the Council FORMAL COUNCIL APPROVAL

Receive ApprovalAppoint Building Contractor Prepare Contract DocumentsAdvise unsuccessful Contractors



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C O N T R A C T A D M I N I S T R A T I O N Pre-Construction

Establish Lines of CommnicationContractorArchitect & ConsultantsProject ManagerSite Meetings

Bank GuaranteesInsurance Certificates

ConstructionAttend Site Safety InductionsGuidelines for Requests For InformationArchitect's InstructionsGuidelines for Client DirectivesGuidelines Site Meeting MinutesAttend Regular Site Meetings & conduct Inspections for Quality & ProgressWorkshop InspectionsPre-Delivery InspectionsShop Drawings SamplesPrototypes

ProgramReview Program on a regular basisAssess Extensions of Time Claims

Project FinancesReview Progress Claims with the Cost ManagerPrepare & Issue Progress CertificatesReview Statutory DeclarationsAssess Variations, negotiate and make recommendations with the Cost ManagerPrepare Contract Sum AdjustmentsPrepare Monthly Contract Sum Status Reports with the Cost Manager

Practical CompletionDetermine Outstanding ItemsConduct Defects InspectionsReview Defects Rectification ProgramFinalise Project Finances with the Cost ManagerObtain Statutory NoticesObtain WarrantiesProvide As-Built Architectural DocumentsObtain As-Built Building Services DocumentsObtain Operation & Maintenance ManualsProvide Certificate of Practical CompletionRecommend Bank Guarantee release

CommissioningTesting & Commissioning of Plant & EquipmentStaff Training

P O S T C O N T R A C T S E R V I C E SDefects Liability Period

Periodic Maintenance of Plant & EquipmentAssess and resolve Operational IssuesAddress Defects as they come to hand

Final CompletionConduct Final Defects InspectionPrepare and Issue Certificate of Final CompletionRecommend Bank Guarantee release



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SUSTAINABILITY CONSULTANT: CONSULTANCYG E N E R A L Liaison

Liaise with the Council's Project ManagerLiaise with the Design TeamLiase with The Council's Cost Management Consultant

Design Team MeetingsAttend Design Team Meetings as required


At Completion of Schematic DesignSUSTAINABILITY INITIATIVESSustainability Initiatives to be explored are to include:

Passive Design SolutionsRenewable EnergyLow Rnergy Active SystemsIndoor Environment QualityWater EfficiencyUse of Eco MaterialsRecycling of Demolished Materials

BRIEFINGStart up Workshop with Design Consultant TeamDefine Achievable Sustainability InitiativesEstablish Rating Tool for Self Assessment

SCHEMATIC DESIGNAssessment of Consultants' Schematic DesignsPrepare a Sustainability Report at the Schematic Design Stage

DESIGN DEVELOPMENTAssessment of Consultants' Developed DesignsPrepare a Sustainability Report for the Development Application

CONSTRUCTION DOCUMENTATIONAssessment of Consultants' DesignsAudit of Rating achievedPrepare Report

CONSTRUCTIONValidation of Installations



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COST MANAGEMENT CONSULTANT: CONSULTANCYG E N E R A L Liaison

Liaise with the Council's Project ManagerLiaise with the Design TeamLiase with The Council's Sustainability Consultant

Design Team MeetingsAttend Design Team Meetings as required

Project Control GroupAttend Monthly Project Control Group Meetings with the Council Executive


At Completion of Schematic DesignAt Building Contractor Tender Recommendation

BRIEFINGReview Briefing DocumentationInspect Existing BuildingsReview Existing Budget Allocations

SCHEMATIC DESIGNReview Schematic Design Proposals Review Building Services Estimates provided by the Building Services EngineersAdvise on Potential Alternatives & Cost savingsPrepare Cost Estimates for inclusion in Schematic Design Report

DESIGN DEVELOPMENTReview Design Development Proposals Review Building Services Estimates provided by the Building Services EngineersAdvise on Alternatives & Potential Cost savingsPrepare Cost Estimates for inclusion in Design Development Report

CONSTRUCTION DOCUMENTATIONReview Construction DocumentationAdvise on Alternatives & Potential Cost savingsAssist Design Team with Contractual ConditionsPrepare Pre-Tender Cost EstimatePrepare Tender Breakdown SchedulesPrepare Schedules of Rates

TENDERING & TENDER ASSESSMENTAssist with Registrations of Interest and Assessments for Building ContractorsAssist with Tender Assessments and Preparation of Evaluation Report and RecommendationsReport Tender Recommendations to the ExecutivePresent Tender Recommendations to the Council

CONTRACT ADMINISTRATIONAssess Progress Claims by Site InspectionsRecommend Progress ClaimsAssess, negotiate and recommend Variation ClaimsAssess, negotiate and recommend Extensions of Time ClaimsPrepare monthly Project Financial Status Reports

POST CONTRACT SERVICESCost Management Services as required



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Town of GawlerReceived

Denise Schutmuin

Town of GawlerScanned

4 November, 2014

Dear Henry

Recordl%Io....................1

Re: Town of Gawler Reading Room Project Report

Please find attached the final Reading Room Report compiled by Schumann & Associates.I did submit a draft to you in September for comment but have heard nothing back.

Presumably you are all very busy with Council elections and other matters as I have not had aformal response regarding the Reading Room report.

This is the final copy and hopefully the information the report contains regarding thesignificance and cultural heritage value of the Reading Room will assist the restoration projectand be of value.

Please note some additional information has been attached and that there has been somecorrections to the earlier draft text.

I believe the history and built heritage and the many stories that are associated with theReading Room and the Gawler Institute and the Gawler Heritage Collection are an importantand vital part of Gawler's cultural life.

Please do not hesitate to contact me regarding this if you have any more questions or wishclarification on any matter. If I do not hear from you I wish you and your family a good andprosperous Xmas and New Year.

Kind regards

−



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Gawler Reading Room ProjectDenise Schumann (Schumann & Associates)

July−Sept 2014

Stage 1& 2 Information Collection & Significance AssessmentN o. Task Start Finish Outcome Other i s s u e s identified

—date Date during task'1 Research & collate documentation pertaining to history of 17 July 4 Aug Write up brief overview history of DS Completed

Reading Room within context of the role of the Gawler Reading Room (Gawler Institute) Issue of architectInstitute; identify major influences; eras etc. 18 July Identify key themes underpin its further research into

operation E Hamilton or R Thomasarchitecturally significance& cultural significance

Research changes to physical structure of Reading Room 24 July 4 Aug Write up timeline of major physical DSCouncil records etc. 1980s. Review conservation report structural changes to Reading Room Completed but littlePilkington 2001; available property files; State Heritage form and function available documentation ondocumentation painting of room or

decoration. One referenceto wallpapering noted inInstitute rooms (possiblylibrarian's residence)

3 Research and identify key people involved with 25 July 27Aug Compile list of key people and brief DS Completed e.g.; Jamesfunctioning of Reading Room/Gawler Institute/ impact on profile and nature of involvement or Martin significant influenceoperation/ major influences impact on Reading Room. also Dr G Nott, G Warren,

etc.Extensive list of donors ofbooks, maps, artworks e.g.Governor Gawler, ColonelLight, Rev J T Woods etc.,need to establishprovenance across GHC.

Collate and source photographs/ and descriptions of 26 July 27 Aug Summarise visual findings or DS Completed.Reading Room and lay out indicators Photographs 1902 & 1985.

Reading Rm at turn of century_and _prior to 1985.

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Gawler Reading Room ProjectDenise Schumann (Schumann & Associates)

July−Sept 2014

Research and collate information on donations of major 31 July 27 Aug Impact on nature and character of DS Completed. Note importantartefacts to Reading Room room. theme of philanthropy in artworks

1880s−1980sCompile site survey of heritage fittings and interior 26 July 27 Aug Compile inventory of interior fittings DS Completed inventory of allsignificance assessment and significance existing fittings and

photographedIdentify existing physical fittings and services Aug Identified lighting issues natural DS Refer Conservation Studyincompatible with restoration brief ultraviolet and fluorescent industrial (2001) plus identified in

lights; temperature heating and report to manager ofcooling systems; flooring; damp and Library Jan 2014 also instructural issues on western wall due meeting with C.E.O., andto memorial balcony and water staff in April. Refer toingress; current colour scheme report.inappropriate; some joinery notoriginal should be removed; somefurniture not original.

(Investigate and recommend models of restoration work July Aug Compile examples! samples DS Organised guided tour ofIf required following tabling of report.) *Referred Cr Karen Redman to Urrbrae House for Cr

Urrbrae House organised tour of Redman. Informed C.E.O.,house in August 2014 & manager Lib available to

organise similar tour. Refer t o report.

Based on investigations determine key assessment 17 July 22 Sep Compile list of key assessment DS Completedvalues underpinning significance − nominate historical values to inform statement of Nominated period 1880s toera significance and rationale 1900. Late Victorian.

Prepare draft Significance Statement for Reading Room 18 July 22 Sep Compile Significance Statement of DS CompletedHeritage value

10. Additional historical information Raised issue of 1931 additions Compiled detailedsoldiers Memorial balcony and interpretive history ofimpact on architectural and cultural Reading Room in contextsignificance of Institute & Reading of Gawler Institute.Room.

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S t r a t e g i c C o m m u n i c a t i o n s & C u l t u r a l H e r i t a g e Services

To Henry matC.E.O.,Town of GawlerP 0 Box 130Gawler SA 5118

copy

8 G e o r g e S t r e e t S t e p I c y S A 5300T e l & F a x 6 1 8 8 3 6 2 2539E m a i l j f o r r s c h J r r t a n.cornauW e b s i t e a ww.schomannctom.auJ o her r P l y L t d A B N 6 5 0 0 2 7 6 0 850A C N 0 0 2 7 2 0 850

T A X INVOICE

Contact: HIDate: 31−10−2014Client No: GCOrder No: n/aInvoice: 02−20I4GRR

DESCRIPTION AMOUNT TOTAL

PAYMENT TERMSConfirmation [email protected] EFT & Internet banking acc details are:Johden Pty Ltd Westpac BankBSB: 035−000 Acc: 17−3323

Total $6,600



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Schumann & Associates Heritage Consultants

Gawler Reading RoomHeritage Project Report

Prepared for the Town of Gawler

By Denise Schumann

Schumann & Associates 2014



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Acknowledgements

This report has been compiled from a number of sources including the Town of GawlerCouncil Records and the Gawler Heritage Collection.

A key reference work has been the comprehensive 'Gawler Institute Conservation Plan,'by Phillips/Pilkington Architects (2001) which is as relevant today as it was over adecade ago.

Thank you to former members of the Gawler Institute Committee, John Clift andMargaret Leak, who gave of their time to discuss their memories and recollections ofthe physical layout and operation of the Reading Room prior to its conversion to theTown of Gawler Public Library in 1985.

Thanks also to John Clift for providing information from his archive regarding theGawler Institute and the rare photographs showing the Reading Room prior to itsrefurbishment in 1985.

© Schumann October 2014



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Sectioni

Purpose & Scope of Gawler Institute Reading Room Report

In July 2013, the Town of Gawler Council applied to the South Australian Heritage Fundfor grant monies to undertake conservation work on the State Heritage listed GawlerInstitute Buildings. It was stated that:

The essential conservation works proposed in this project willcontribute to retaining the heritage values of the building both inoriginal form and function."

Town of Gawler, Grant Application SAH 2013

The grant application specifically noted that significant damage was occurring as aresult of 'Rising Damp' in the historic Reading Room on the ground floor of the InstituteBuilding which is now the Town of Gawler Public Library.

The application itself raised the issue of just what documentary evidence was readilyavailable to inform the development of a new schedule of works specifically for theReading Room and what should be conserved or reinstated.

The current process is guided by the 'Conservation Plan for the Gawler Institute'prepared in 2001 by Phillips/Pilkington Architects which clearly articulated the heritagevalue of the Reading Room as part of the Gawler Institute's statement of culturalsignificance.

The historic Gawler Institute, first established as an organisation in 1857, was one ofthe last institutes remaining in South Australia in the 1980s. It transitioned to becominga municipal library in 1985 following changes to the funding of libraries by the StateGovernment.

In 1985, due to the withdrawal of State Government subsidies to the Institutes and theState Government's mission to create a new public library system the former GawlerInstitute Committee agreed to transfer the ownership of the Gawler Institute building tothe Town of Gawler Council. This transfer of the ownership of the property to the Townof Gawler enabled the Council to establish a new library in the former Institute.

The State Heritage listed Gawler Institute and the historic Reading Room were alteredwhen the building was modified to become the new Town of Gawler Public Librarywhich opened in 1987. Modifications had also occurred prior to this intervention.

The work undertaken in 1985 with respect to the Reading Room was described as'restoration' however, it really did not meet the guidelines for restoration and could bemore aptly described as refurbishment.



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Purpose & Scope of Gawler Institute Reading Room Report cont.,

'The Burra Charter: The Australian ICOMOS Charter for Places of Cultural Significance'(1999) defines restoration as returning the existing fabric of a place to a known earlierstate, or original condition, by removing accretions or reassembling existingcomponents without the addition of new material.

It also defines reconstruction as returning the existing fabric of a place to a knownearlier state and is distinguished from restoration by the introduction of new materialinto the fabric.

In the 1970s and early 1980s there was a trend of 'tarting up' historic buildings withlittle consideration of the impact of the proposed treatment on the historic character ofthe particular building. Since that time, there has been a growing recognition of theterm 'cultural significance' and what it embodies and a more sensitive approach toconservation.

The focus of this report has been to review the available information to determine thehistorical, scientific, social and aesthetic values which are part of the iconic ReadingRoom.

It is impossible to undertake this task without understanding the Gawler HeritageCollection which was developed by the former Gawler Institute and which plays acentral role in determining the cultural value of the Reading Room.

The Reading Room and the Gawler Heritage Collection remain inextricably linkedthrough the Deed of Trust which was signed in 1989 between the Town of GawlerCouncil and the Gawler Institute Halls Committee.

Following the transfer of the building to the Town of Gawler Council it would take morethan a decade to negotiate with the former Gawler Institute Committee the transfer ofthe ownership of the valuable Gawler Institute Heritage Collection and the InstituteArchives.

It was not until the Gawler Institute Authority invoked its winding up clause in 2001 thatit finally transferred the ownership and custody of this rare collection to the Town ofGawler Council. Part of this collection is integral to the significance and character ofthe Reading Room.

The current proposal to restore the historic Gawler Institute Reading Room will takeinto consideration the issue of the transfer of the ownership of the Gawler InstituteBuilding and the transfer of the ownership of the Gawler Institute's heritage collectionto the Town of Gawler.

The transfer of ownership of these assets from the former Gawler Institute has imposedobligations upon the Town of Gawler Council.

As custodian of the Gawler Institute building, and the Institute's heritage collection,there is an onus on the Council to preserve the historical character of the ReadingRoom and protect the artefacts which contribute to its historical integrity.



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Purpose & Scope of Gawler Institute Reading Room Report cont.,

The report has been carried out from a cultural heritage perspective which takes amultilayered view to understanding the conduct of history.

It is hoped that some of the insights provided will aid the development of a schedule ofproposed works, or adaptations to the use, and function of the Reading Room.

This will encourage an approach that will not compromise or impact on the statedheritage values of the Reading Room or its sense of place.

The methodology used in the assessment of evidence in this report follows theprocedural guidelines outlined in:

• James Kerr, The Conservation Plan: A Guide to the Preparation ofConservation Plans for Places o f European Cultural Significance, NationalTrust, (Sydney) 1978

• The Burra Charter: The Australia ICOMOS Charter for the Conservation ofPlaces o f Cultural Significance 1999, Australia ICOMOS Secretariat, (Victoria)2000

• The Guide to Assessing the Significance o f Cultural Heritage Objects andCollections, Heritage Collections Council (Canberra) 2001.

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Property Title & Heritage Listing

The ground floor Reading Room is part of the Gawler Institute building located at 91 MurrayStreet, on Part Lot 198 and Part Section 4, recorded on Certificate of Title Volume 421,Folio 95.

The site extends from Murray Street to High Street. The owner is the Town of GawlerCorporation.

The Gawler Institute is listed on the South Australian State Heritage Register.

The Gawler Institute was included on the State Heritage Register on 24 July 1980, underthe then State Heritage Act 1978. The File number is 10382 (Gawler Institute), theHeritage number is 15742.

The Gawler Institute was also listed on the former Commonwealth Government'sRegister of the National Estate, database reference number 006081, File number3/01/009/0012.

Places on the State Heritage Register are protected under the Heritage Places Act1993, and are subject to the development controls for State places included in theDevelopment Act 1993.

Any proposed works to the Reading Room (as part of the Gawler Institute) will requireDevelopment Approval.

The Development Act 1993 defines what constitutes development of a State HeritagePlace and requires that any works undertaken on these places should conserve theintegrity and significance of the building and its fabric.

Development is defined within the Act as the demolition, removal, conversion,alteration or painting of, or addition to, the place, or any other work that could materiallyaffect the heritage value o f the place'.

Due to the fact, that the Gawler Institute is included on the State Heritage Register, itmeans that the owners and managers of the Institute have a responsibility to protectthe designated heritage values when considering any proposed works or alterations tothe building or its use.

Any proposed changes should also take into consideration that the Gawler Institutebuilding, the Reading Room, and the Gawler Heritage Collection are perceived by theGawler community to demonstrate important aspects of the evolution of Gawler'shistory.



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Town of Gawler Heritage Survey

Extract Gawler Heritage Survey Item Identification Sheet, Item Number 46(Hignett & Company) for the Gawler Institute, 91 Murray Street, Gawler.

The centre o f literary, cultural and educational activities in Gawler for over 100years and made major contributions to culture in South Australia generally.Foundation stone laid 13 April 1870 by Governor Fergusson. Architect JamesMartin (sic); Building contractors Tardif and Deland (tender £3434) though finalcost closer to £5000.

Stone for building given by Edward Clement and land for building by ThomasMartin and James Martin. Initial fund raised by huge art union display (mainprizes were sections o f land previously purchased for site for Institute) and bysubscription from locals. Memorial front and new hail at rear added (after longagitation over proposed Memorial Hall) 1931. Stage and new hail rebuilt 1935.Renovation 195411955, including painting o f the façade with funds raised bythe local Rotary Club."

Gawler Heritage Survey, Hignett & Co, 1980.

The Gawler Heritage Survey (1980) entry for the Gawler Institute does not mentionspecifically the contribution, or role, of the historic Reading Room. The nomination forthe listing of the Gawler Institute was made on the basis of the criteria of 'culturalsignificance'.

This is in itself remarkable considering the era when this was first listed. Generally,architectural criteria tended to be the main determinant for State Heritage listing in theyears following the introduction of the Heritage Act of 1978. The Institute building hasarchitectural merit and is a cultural landmark − a tangible reminder of a past era whenthe Gawler Institute was the centre of town life.

State Heritage listing reaffirms that the Gawler Institute and the Reading Room haveplayed a vital role in the life of Gawler and the broader South Australian community.

The continued existence of the Gawler Institute up until the 1985 meant that it was oneof South Australia's last remaining institutes still in operation and was a symbol of 19thcentury civic achievement and cultural values.

As the Burra Charter states in reference to defining cultural significance:

"Cultural significance means the aesthetic, historic, scientific, social or spiritualvalue for past present or future generations. Cultural significance is embodiedin the place itself, its fabric, setting, use, associations, meanings, records,related places and related objects."

Burra Charter: The Australian ICOMOS Charter for Places of Cultural Significance(1999)



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State Heritage Listing

In 2001, Phillips/Pilkington Architects argued in the 'Gawler Institute Conservation Plan'that the Institute Building satisfied the criteria of heritage significance and should beretained on the State Heritage Register.

Phillips/Pilkington asserted that the original 1870/1871 building was of 'greatestsignificance', and designated the Reading Room, with its high level integrity, as of'exceptional significance'. Phillips Pilkington Architects in the Gawler InstituteConservation Plan, (2001) listed the Reading Room specifically under the followingcriteria of significance. These criteria are still relevant:

b) It has rare, uncommon or endangered qualities that are o f culturalsignificance

With the dissolution of Institutes within South Australia, many Institutebuildings lost some, if not all, of their functions to purpose built librariesand civic centres. The Gawler Institute retains many of its originalfunctions including library, meeting rooms and performance venuewhich illustrate the role that Institutes played within communities. Theinterior scheme of the Reading Room dating from last century is largelyintact and is a rare survivor of an Institute Reading Room interior.

d) It is an outstanding representative o f a particular class o f places ofcultural significance

The Gawler Institute is an outstanding example of an Institute buildingretaining much of its integrity. The current library Reading Roomstrongly evokes the character of the original subscription libraryReading Room. The Institute library was one of the last within theState to be converted to a public library.

e) It has a special association with the life or work of a person ororganisation or an event of historical importance

The Gawler Institute has been associated with many significant people,with the majority of Gawler's notable historical figures being stronglyinvolved with either its foundation or development. James Martin, whoseportrait graces the Library Reading Room, is one such character who isoften referred to as the 'Father of Gawler'. James Martin was involved inthe foundation of the Institute, is credited with the building's design, and

gave part of the land on which the building is built, donated a substantial

sum of money for its erection and donated the cast iron balustrades thatlink the two entry porticos. He also acted as its President. Portraits of

many early figures who contributed to the Institute still hang in theReading Room.

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State Heritage Listing

Phillips/Pilkington Architects in the 'Gawler Institute Conservation Plan' (2001)concluded that while the whole of the Gawler Institute building is State Heritage listed,there are variations in the relative significance of specific areas according to the extentto which the built fabric has been modified.

However, this is not the only factor which can impact on the assessment of significanceas new information may provide different insights into the same building and its relativesignificance.

Reviewing significance and the criteria which have supported a listing is appropriate asvalues and attitudes constantly change and evolve.

In determining the relative significance of the Gawler Institute Phillips/PilkingtonArchitects used the term of 'greatest significance' and more specifically, applied theterm 'exceptional significance' to the Reading Room. The 'Gawler InstituteConservation Plan' (2001) did not define the terms but generally they are taken tomean:

Items of exceptional significanceItems or spaces which should be preserved and protected only processes ofmaintenance, stabilisation, repair, restoration, or reinstatement are appropriate forsuch features.

Items of greatest significanceItems or spaces which should be preserved and protected where they do not conflictwith the conservation of a feature of higher heritage value. These items should besubject to the processes of maintenance, repair, restoration, reconstruction andreinstatement.

In addition to the specific criteria which Phillips/Pilkington Architects stated aspertaining to the Gawler Institute this report will reassess the heritage value of theReading Room against a much broader historical overview that will:

• examine the origins of the Institute movement and the development of theGawler Institute and the concept of the Reading Room

• document the role of German emigres in contributing to the creation of theGawler Institute and the Gawler Museum and the Gawler Institute heritagecollection and its association with the Reading Room

• provide an insight into the architectural form of the Gawler Institute building(1187 1) which is reflected in the exterior and interior of the Reading Room

• determine which historical period reflects the Reading Room's culturalsignificance

• assess the existing built heritage fabric of the Reading Room against thecriteria of cultural significance.



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Section2

Historical Overview

The history of the former Gawler Institute refers to the official Gawler InstituteCommittee (1857) and its operations and the existing Gawler Institute Building (1871).Each has been extensively researched and documented in commissioned histories,books, published papers and articles, and referenced in numerous other archivalsources including South Australian newspapers.

The former Gawler Institute Building and Reading Room which is now the Town ofGawler Public Library at 91 Murray Street in the Township of Gawler was constructedin April 1871.

A photograph held in the Gawler Heritage Collection shows an imposing newbluestone building with a rendered parapet, quoins and two classically detailed elegantand symmetrical porticos reflecting a sense of a civic importance. (Refer Fig 1).

It is interesting to reflect that the citizens of Gawler erected the purpose built anddesigned Gawler Institute before they built the new town hall on the adjacent block in1878.

This provides an insight into the influence that members of the Gawler Institute wieldedin this period not only within the township but more broadly.

The building of the Gawler Institute (and the design of the Reading Room) can betraced date back to an earlier unsuccessful idea of establishing a Mechanics Institutein Gawler in 1848.

The proposal put forward in 1848 by local mill owner Walter Duffield (1816−1882) for aMechanics Institute met with limited success and ceased after a short time due to lackof public support.

The Mechanics Institute movement had become popular in the industrial towns ofScotland and England in the 1800s and was originally formed to provide adulteducation particularly in technical subjects to working men.

Soon the Mechanics Institutes were lauded by local industrialists on the grounds thatthey would ultimately benefit from having a more skilled workforce, one which wouldbe able to operate at a higher proficiency in the new industrial society of the 19th century.

The first Mechanics Institute established in Australia was in the convict settlement ofVan Diemen's Land in 1826. This was closely followed by Melbourne in 1826, Sydneyin 1833, and Adelaide in 1839.

These early Mechanics Institutes offered a place to read and to be schooled for malemembers of the laboring classes. Such activities it was believed would provide menwith an alternative pastime to gambling and drinking in pubs and was as much amovement about social control as it was about adult education.

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While the idea of a Mechanics Institute was initially supported in Gawler, within a shorttime, as was the case in Adelaide, it languished as 'working men' failed to take outmembership through subscription.

South Australian attitudes to such matters as the Mechanics Institute movement mayhave been affected by the fact that the province was a 'free society' and tended to bemore socially progressive than the rigid class structure that characterised Englishsociety during this period.

But times were changing and South Australia and Gawler were about to receive aninflux of new migrants from the Germanic states who were not religious refugees butpolitical ones.

These new arrivals were quite different from Kavel's Lutherans. The latter hademigrated from Prussia in 1838 to escape religious persecution and settled in theBarossa Valley.

These new German emigres included scientists, philosophers, doctors, educators,lawyers, artists and musicians. Many left the German principalities after participating inthe failed 1848 revolutionary uprising that had spread across Europe trying to createliberal democracies free from the autocratic rule that characterised most Prussian andEuropean states.

These new arrivals to South Australia were liberal intellectuals and educated eliteswho valued social democracy and the pursuit of science and rationalism.

Among the first to arrive in South Australia in 1850s were naturalists Dr Richard andOtto Schomburgk, taxidermist Johannes Odewahn, musician Carl Linger, scholar andeducator Dr Carl Muecke, natural scientist Marianne Kreusler, vignerons Johann bisWinckel and Friedrich Buring, and many others under the auspices of the BerlinEmigration Society:

The Schomburgk brothers passage to freedom had been funded by Alexander vonHumboldt and Leopold von Buch both leading scientists in Berlin.

The Schomburgk brothers and the widowed scientist, Marianne von Kreusler,purchased land along the Gawler River and named their settlement 'Buchsfelde' − aftertheir benefactor Leopold von Buch and 'felde' meaning fields.

This group would go on to make a significant contribution to the development of sciencein South Australia and the Gawler Institute would be part of this history−making process.

These German scientists and scholars would draw upon the advances in Westernscientific knowledge and would demonstrate an intellectual energy andcosmopolitanism that would change the way Gawler society would define itself.

The influence of these German emigres combined with the English and Scottishmovers and shakers of Gawler called for the establishment of a new Institute in 1857.

This was a boom time for the township. Its population was expanding and the hardworking self−made industrialist, James Martin (1821−1899), of the Phoenix Foundry,was beginning a new stage of commercial manufacturing. The Phoenix Foundry gainednotoriety as it set about making hundreds of 'Reaping Machines' for the local andinterstate agricultural market.

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The early settlement of Gawler and the surrounding districts was linked to agriculturalpursuits and so was often referred to as the grain bowl of South Australia. But it wasthe economic stimulus supplied by the discovery of copper−ore at Kapunda in 1842 byFrancis Dutton, along with the discoveries at Burra in 1845, which ensured Gawler'simportance as a major regional township. It was soon known as the 'Gateway to theNorth'.

The opening of the new Gawler rail line from Adelaide in 1857 combined with thebuilding of the Gawler Railway Station saw the development of a number of publicbuildings in Gawler. This included a new Court House designed by the highlyrespected colonial architect and later politician, Edward Hamilton (b1831).

The rapidly changing townscape contributed to the belief that Gawler was becoming ashowpiece rivalling Adelaide with its claim that it was the 'Colonial Athens' of SouthAustralia.

Elfrida and Rolf Jensen in 'Colonial Architecture in South Australia' (1980) point outthat by the 1850s the Great North Road from Adelaide to Gawler was metalled andsubstantial bridges had been built along its route. The hamlet of Gawler was rapidlyexpanding and by 1857 the magnetic telegraph had connected Gawler to the outsideworld.

By 1858, following the development of the railway, the surrounding townships ofWillaston, Bertha, Gawler East, Evanston, Gawler West, Gawler South and BassettTown were laid out and were rapidly being settled.

There appears little doubt that the agitation and granting of municipal local governmentto the Township of Gawler in July 1857 also played a role in inspiring a group of citizensto call for the creation of a new Gawler Institute. A public meeting was held in theGawler Court House on the 14 September, 1857.

The symbolism of meeting in the Court House reinforced the notion that this call for a'Literary Institute' represented a new civilising influence in the township. The meetingof 100 people was chaired by the former miller, pastoralist and businessman the Hon.,Walter Duffield, MHR, Member for Barossa. A proposal was put by the Irish physician,Dr W. Lewis, M.R.C.S., and seconded by the Reverend J. Leonard. It read:

"That in the opinion o f this meeting, it is desirable that a PublicLibrary and Reading Room be established."

Minutes o f the Gawler Institute, 14 September, 1857.

The promise of a space designated as a 'Reading Room' and a collection of librarybooks were the key objectives of the fledging Gawler Institute. A second motion wasthen put for soliciting donations to fund the purchase of books, equipment and to securerented premises.

A provisional committee was elected and it was agreed that the State Government beapproached for a grant of £150 to fund the establishment of the Gawler Institute.

The inaugural President of the Institute was successful businessman Mr RichardTurner a partner of Walter Duffield in his milling business and also the Town of Gawler'sfirst Mayor.

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Schumann & Associates Heñtage Consultants

Richard Turner had migrated from Surry in the 1840s and had observed firsthand thebenefits of the Mechanics Institute movement in his home county where they werepopular. He needed no persuasion about the social value of 'colleges of self−learning'.

Following the meeting to establish the Gawler Institute premises opposite the GlobeHotel, located at the southern end of Murray Street, were rented in order to set up aLibrary and a Reading Room. Soon after a librarian was appointed.

The Gawler Institute rapidly gained momentum and by the time of its first half yearlymeeting held on the 19 April, 1858, the library collection already contained some 926volumes of books of which 471 were donated.

Added to this was a growing collection of magazines, periodicals and newspapers.There were already 150 paid subscribers to the Gawler Institute. In the same year theInstitute Committee allocated £15 'for the purchase of German literary and scientificworks'.

In 1859 an allocation of £10 was made to purchase maps and a globe of the world forthe Reading Room to broaden the intellectual horizons of Institute members.

Within two years of its creation, the Gawler Institute Library and Reading Room alreadyboasted of an interesting array of books and periodicals that catered to a broad anddiverse range of subscribers including its German speaking constituents.

Classes were offered in order to learn a new language which of course was German.In addition a series of public lectures were also organised. One of the first was byColonel Robert Torrens speaking on the 'Benefits of the Real Property Act' while localphysician and literary genius, Dr George Nott, lectured on 'The Anatomical Structureand Workings of the Eye'.

In October 1858, to celebrate its first anniversary, the Gawler Institute arranged anambitious exhibition of art works and natural science curiosities which was staged overtwo days and caused much excitement in the Adelaide press.

German scholar Dr Carl Muecke contributed four cases of mineral specimens and onecase of colonial and foreign insects. Of more than passing interest, and noted by thepress, were the valuable collection of manuscripts and autographs on display from thecelebrated I 9th century world famous authority on botanical geography, BaronAlexander von Humboldt of Berlin. He was a close friend of Dr Richard Schomburgkand Otto Schomburgk of 'Buchsfelde' and corresponded with the brothers on mattersof science regarding their new country.

The Gawler Institute was playing a pivotal role in South Australian cultural life byproviding resources and stimulating interest in scientific and artistic pursuits in theyoung colony.

Celebrated colonial artist, James Shaw (1815−1881), known for his detailed paintingsof South Australian life exhibited a work in oil showing the development of Gawler Townin the late 1850s.

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Following on from the arts and science exhibition the Gawler Institute Committee thenset about organising the first rural fete in South Australia in March 1859. This colourfulevent attracted thousands of people from the surrounding districts and from Adelaide,who were now able to travel to Gawler by train for such happenings.

The Gawler Institute was riding high on a wave of popular support and on the occasionof the second anniversary of its creation in October 1859, it launched a competition tocompose and write a national song for Australia.

A prize often guineas was offered by the Gawler Institute Committee for the best wordsand the best music which would represent a 'national anthem'.

The commissioning of a national song was breathtaking in its audacity as the conceptof a broad based sense of an Australian national identity was far ahead of its time.

There were many competitors but the prize for the most stirring lyrics went to MrsCaroline Carleton of West Terrace, Adelaide, who was judged to be the best.

The award for music was secured by Herr Carl Linger, a composer and classicalmusician. Linger had left the failed uprising in Berlin and travelled with his family on thePrinzessin Luise along with the Schomburgk brothers.

The winning entry 'The Song of Australia' was first performed on the 12 December,1859, in front of a packed audience in the Oddfellows Hall in Murray Street, Gawler.

The Gawler Institute had brought an English poet and a German composer togetheracross the cultural divide to create one of the most popular contemporary songs everto be sung in 19th and 20th century Australia.

The Gawler Institute within a few short years had challenged the very concept ofcultural expression and the role of the Institute. The Gawler Institute was not onlymoving towards a model of progressive cultural engagement but it was shaping thenature and form of cultural expression itself.

This was clearly demonstrated a year later in February 1860 when the Gawler Instituteopened South Australia's first natural science museum in the rooms of the Oddfellowsbuilding.

This was two years before the South Australian Institute established a 'NationalMuseum' on North Terrace.

The Gawler Institute Museum Collection was at the forefront of the conduct of sciencein the colony. It was part of the exciting new 191h century obsession with scientificscholarship. This involved the systematic collecting of objects from the natural worldand then classifying, cataloguing, preserving and then displaying in a museum.

The setting up of the Gawler Institute Museum and the creation of this importantcollection of flora and fauna specimens involved various people from Buchsfeldeincluding scientist Marianne von Kreusler and her colleague, entomologist andtaxidermist Johannes Odewahn.

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Supporting the venture was Otto Schomburgk and his brother Dr Richard Schomburgkwho collected vast numbers of insects and botanical specimens. Within a few months,Richard Schomburgk had agreed to accept the position of Curator of the new GawlerInstitute Museum:

"Dr Richard Schomburgk collected zoological specimens during these yearsand carried out meteorological work. He sent specimens o f reptiles and frogsback to Wilhelm CH Peters in Berlin. He was well aware that the specimens hesent would be very welcome in Berlin.

A t this time, the diversity o f frogs and snakes in Southern Australia wasunknown.. .and working from Buchsfelde, Richard Schomburgk was the first tocollect many o f the species endemic to within 50 kilometres of Adelaide. Thesespecimens proved to be o f great scientific interest and worldwide importance."

P Payne, The Diplomatic Gardener, Australian Digital Press, 2007

Significant donations of preserved bird specimens were made by natural scientistFrederick Schulz to the Gawler Museum. Mr Richard Holland presented an aboriginalemu net, spears and other artefacts; while local philanthropist and ethnographiccollector, John H Angas, presented rare aboriginal stone implements and numerousitems from the Pacific Islands. Explorer John McKinlay presented buffalo horns andshells from the Northern Territory and surveyor George Warren donated mineralogicalsamples.

These were but a few of the many donations received into the Gawler Museum whichwas amassing a considerable collection but was running short of space.

The establishment of the Gawler Institute Museum as the first public museum in SouthAustralia reinforced the view that the Gawler Institute was developing a unique senseof purpose, mission and cultural identity.

The success and public acclaim directed to the Gawler Institute and the popularity ofthe museum soon provided the impetus for the Institute Committee to build a newpermanent home for the Institute and its significant collections.

In January 1866, Dr Richard Schomburgk announced his resignation as Curator of theGawler Institute Museum in order to take up his new position as Director of theBotanical Gardens in Adelaide. Friend, scholar and colleague Frederick bis Winckel(also from Buchsfelde) took over the important position of Curator of the GawlerInstitute Museum.

On the tenth anniversary of the establishment of the Gawler Institute in October 1867the President, James Martin (owner of the Phoenix Foundry) urged the citizens of theTown of Gawler to raise funds for a grand new institute.

The Institute Committee considered a wide variety of options for the location of theirnew building and eventually agreed to make an offer on a site in the town's main street.

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The site in question was owned by absentee landlord Thomas Martin who resided inLondon. He was contacted by the Gawler Institute Committee and sent preliminarydrawings and elevations of the proposed building prepared by surveyor George Warren(Gawler Institute Minutes, 23 November, 1869).

In response, Thomas Martin generously donated allotment 198 fronting Murray Street.James Martin owned the rear portion of allotment 198 which fronted High Street.James Martin also donated this portion of the land in order that the new Institute couldextend the full length of the block.

With the issue of the future site of the Institute settled, the Committee could now requestthe release of a £1,500 grant which had been secured from the State Government toput towards the building itself.

Phillips/Pilkington in The Gawler Institute Conservation Plan' (2001) wrote that theGawler Institute Committee commissioned local architect and builder, Mr. William Pett,to draw up plans for the new building based on designs supplied by foundry ownerJames Martin. The Gawler Institute Minutes of its meeting held on the 24 June, 1869,confirm that Pett exhibited plans based on designs from James Martin.

It is interesting that the issue of who provided the original design for the Gawler Institutestill remains unresolved yet it is an important factor in understanding the lay out of theexisting building. There is no question that William Pett prepared the drawings butunder whose guidance is open to conjecture.

It may well be the case, that the talented James Martin was influential as he had aworking knowledge of mechanical design. During the period that Martin had served asMayor of the Town of Gawler, and as President of the Institute, he had alreadyobserved the magnificent South Australian Institute Building on North Terrace. Thisclassically inspired building in the ltalianate style was designed by the gifted ColonialArchitect for the South Australian Government, Edward A Hamilton (b1831).

Edward Hamilton had already designed a number of major buildings in Adelaideincluding the famous Adelaide Club and the magnificent extensions to GovernmentHouse on North Terrace. Each building had an entrance portico. Hamilton was alsoinvolved in the design of a number of public buildings in Gawler's main street in the late1850s and had designed the beautiful St George's Church.

The classical features of the Adelaide Institute building with its magnificent ground floorReading Room may have influenced James Martin to play with the shape and lay outof the proposed Gawler Institute building.

The role played by James Martin and whether he was known to Edward Hamilton, andwhat discussions each may had with William Pett, and the then Colonial Architect,Robert Thomas (1820−1883), are not documented but make for fascinating speculation.

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The Gawler Institute minutes do reveal that local building contractors, Deland & Tardif,were successful in winning the tender to construct the new Institute building for a sumof £3,434. But the contract excluded all painting and plastering. Stone for theconstruction of the Institute building was donated by Mr Edward Clement, a committeemember, who also had offered land on which to erect the Institute.

The building of the Gawler Institute was but one example of the ongoing spirit ofgenerosity and philanthropy that characterised the operations of the Institute during thisgolden period. The building was completed some 14 months later and was ready foruse on the 18 April, 1871.

The Gawler Institute was particularly fine. Institutes were civic symbols and'The Bunyip' proclaimed this handsome building to be the 'intellectual giant'among Australian institutes... The Gawler Public Library, which must have themost impressive environment o f any SA country library, is now housed in theInstitute, among fine furniture and portraits of Gawler notables."

Derek Whitelock, Gawler: Colonel Light's Country Town of Gawler Corporation, 1989

The new Gawler Institute when completed in 1871 had a significant impact on thecharacter of Murray Street with its classically detailed porticos. One led to the GrandHall while the other to the much revered Reading Room.

Early photographs highlight the elegant porticos which dominate the façade of thebuilding reinforcing the idea that the Institute was at the centre of community life inGawler.

Unfortunately, this original grand statement to the streetscape denoting the importantrole of the 'Reading Room' and the 'Grand Hall' in Gawler's life was later obscuredbehind the Soldiers Memorial balcony additions in 1931.

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Fig 1 Gawler Streetscape showing the architectural grandeur of Murray Street late 19th century.Image courtesy SLSA 20191.



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The 20111 century changes to the façade of the Institute impacted on the architecturaland cultural significance of the 1871 Gawler Institute Building and as a consequenceaffects the heritage value of the exterior of the building.

The Gawler Institute records reveal that the in the first two decades after the completionof the building in 1871 there was little change to the exterior of the building or to theinterior of the Reading Room.

The building in the period from 1871 to 1894 reflects the important role the Instituteplayed in Gawler's town life and is the main period against which the original featuresand interior fabric of the Reading Room can be assessed.

So well was the building planned that, with the exception o f a few alterationsand additions in 1895 to the Hall at a total cost o f £547, it has proved ample for allrequirements."

EH Coombe, History of Gawler 1837 to 1908, Town of Gawler, 1910.

J

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Fig 2 Postcard of Murray Street, Gawler late 1 gth century. − −

The Gawler Institute, with the Bank of Adelaide on the left and the Gawler Town Hallon right, note the porticos on all three buildings and their contribution to the streetscape.



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Section 3

The Physical Character of the Gawler Institute Reading Room (1871−1931)The Exterior

The original plans for the Gawler Institute as drawn up by William Pett do not appearto have survived in the Institute's archival records but there is a reference to the factthat the plans had been submitted to the Government Architect, Robert Thomas.Thomas estimated that the building cost would be in the vicinity of £6000 this wasnearly twice the estimate of contractors Deland & Tardiff.

Robert Thomas (1820−1883) was responsible for the design of many landmarkbuildings around Adelaide but of interest was that he designed the Port AdelaideInstitute 1874 and later, the Payneham Institute in 1872. It is interesting to speculateif he also influenced the design and layout of Pett's or James Martin's concept drawingsfor the Gawler Institute.

Robert Thomas had arrived on the Cygnet in 1836 with Deputy Surveyor GeorgeStrickland Kingston to whom he was an articled student and later draftsmen. Thomas'career is fascinating as he must have been influenced by Kingston's distinctive styleexpressed in the use of the portico to create an entrance statement to a building.

Thomas also had a connection to Gawler as he worked for Light, Finniss & Co., on landsubdivisions in 1839 and must have been known to a number of the old pioneeringfamilies in Gawler. Thomas briefly returned to work for GS Kingston in 1840 butreturned to England in 1846 where he practiced for a number of years.

Thomas return to England was just at the time that the Mechanics Institute movementwas sweeping through Britain and so he observed the popularity of this movement. In1861 he came back to South Australia and worked in private practice. He was laterappointed Assistant Government Architect and then in 1866 became GovernmentArchitect. In the same year he was made a Fellow of the British Society of Architects.

Was it Robert Thomas or Edward Angus Hamilton who was the architectural doyenbehind the distinctive façade of the Gawler Institute and the entrance statement to theReading Room?

Further examination of this prospect needs to be carried out as it may explain one ofthe most important elements of the exterior façade of the Gawler Institute, the twinporticos marking the entrance to the Reading Room and to the Grand Hall.

The portico is a very important element contributing to the Reading Room's culturalsignificance as it delineates function through architectural form.

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The symmetrical equilibrium of each portico could be seen as a metaphor for theGawler Institute. The Institute provided a range of cultural services and spaces, eachwith their own educative purpose but with a single mission to serve the people.

The quest for knowledge through classical literature and information on public affairsfound in the newspapers in the Reading Room was equally as important as attendinga lecture or an evening recital in the Grand Hall.

The Gawler Institute Minutes dated 30 May, 1870, provide the first description of theInstitute building and specifically refer to the dimensions of the Reading Roomindicating it was a major feature:

"A picture o f the completed building may not be out of place. The Murray Streetfrontage is 40 feet by a total depth including porticos o f 133 feet. Undergroundwill be divided into 8 rooms, 40 by 103 feet. Front elevation, dressed slate stone,45 feet from footpath, relieved by two elaborate porticos, on the grand entranceto Hall, the other to the Reading Room, which will measure 32 by 23 by 16 feetin height. Library will be 23 by 12 by 16 feet with Librarian's Room at rear.Entering the vestibule on the south side 28 by 12 by 16 feet and behind this isa corridor 12 by 20 all rooms 16 feet high. First floor is approached by 29 stepsto a 6 feet wide grand staircase o f Mintaro slate stone. At the top o f the stair isto be placed a corridor, 17 by 12 feet, from which entrance is had to the Museum37 by 22 by 16 feet in height, a cloak room 12 by 12 feet and to the hall througha pair of doors 10 by 6 feet. These doors are to be suspended on a transverseiron bar at head, and when open slide into the wall as at the Adelaide Town Hall.The Hall or lecture room is 64 by 36 '6 feet wide and 23 feet high and lighted byfive semi−headed windows on each side. The Hall is ventilated by ten air fluescarried up in the walls from ground floor line and entering the room at the toprendering them invisible from floor. The heated air is carried away by means ofornamental perforations in cove o f cornice and centre flowers, these connectedwith wood air boxes longitudinally and transversely over the beams (tie) andconnected with the main vertical air pipe discharging through the roof by meanso f two large cowls. This ventilation although simple and self−acting is consideredby the architect and others will be effective..."

Gawler Institute Minutes, Committee Meeting, 30 May 1870.

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The ground floor location of the Reading Room and the Library with direct access toMurray Street reinforced the idea of the Gawler Institute's central and important role inthe education, cultural and social development of the township of Gawler.

11, T, 7−

.. ,j

Fig 3 The Gawler Institute circa 1873 showing the portico entrance to the ReadingRoom on the left marked by the street lantern.G. E. Loyau, The Gawler Handbook, Goodfellow & Hele, Adelaide, 1880.

"The façade is symmetrical with the arches o f the twin porticos reflected in thewindow arches, the entablature on the first floor windows in the same style asthe porticos.

..the Porticos each have a pair o f four slate steps. Both front entry

doors are topped by fanlights..."

Wendy Treloar, The Gawler Institute, (unpublished paper) University of New England,1997.

The relationship between the external fabric of the Gawler Institute building and theinternal fabric and integrity of the Reading Room is critically important. This is becausea building, such as the Gawler Institute, contributes to the architectural, cultural andspiritual form of a place and reflects in its fabric, particular elements of social meaning.

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It is impossible to separate the interior from the exterior and so major changes to oneor the other, whether it is form or function, impact on the ability of the building to reflectand transmit a continuity of cultural memory from one generation to the next.

This concept of cultural memory is often called 'a sense of place' and is often contested.It sometimes cannot be quantified or measured or rated it is the sum of the parts of thebuilt fabric and the associations and meanings that people bestow.

With respect to changes to the exterior of the Gawler Institute building the mostintrusive and fundamental change, and the one which impacted most on how theReading Room came to be perceived in the 20th century, was the construction of theSoldiers Memorial Balcony in 1931.

The addition of this balcony to the façade destroyed the aesthetic integrity of theoriginal 19th century Institute building and its relationship to the buildings either side. Itwas as though the gloom of the Great War and the effects of the Depression came to'hang' despondently over the building itself.

The reasons for altering the building are complex and it was not just a need tomodernise the old fashioned Institute and to bring it into the 20th century. In the end itwas about compromise, a compromise that came out of one of the most contentiousand divisive periods in the Gawler Institute's history.

The Soldiers Memorial Balcony became a symbol not of unity but of the fragmentationof Gawler Society. The Great War had divided the community on the basis of race,religion and politics and it signaled the end of a great era of social progressiveness inGawler. In the post−war Depression era Gawler turned in on itself.

The golden age of the 'Colonial Athens' slipped quietly away and with it the big thinkersand the grand ideas.

Nowhere was this more evident than in the dissolution of the Gawler Museum whosecollections and with it the enormous contribution made by the German émigrés to thedevelopment of science in South Australia, and Australia, were packed up andtransported to the South Australian Museum in late 1926. (Gawler Institute Minutes 18October 1926).

The transfer of these priceless artefacts and natural history specimens was as a directresult of a bitter fight among Institute members and the citizens of the Gawler over howbest to commemorate those who had made the supreme sacrifice in the Great War.

The failure to reach agreement over what was to be a suitable memorial ultimately ledto the Institute's priceless collection of museum specimens and artefacts going to theSouth Australian Museum and elsewhere.

The terms of the transfer and its handover to the South Australian Museum remainunclear, as the original intention was to store the artefacts offsite for safekeeping untilthe issue of the redevelopment of the Gawler Institute was resolved.

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Schumann & Associates Heritage consultants

In 1927 the Gawler Institute Committee agreed to 'transfer part of the collection' and toallow the South Australian Museum to sell items it did not want − however the issue ofownership was not properly resolved.

The Gawler Institute Museum Collection was dispersed within the South AustralianMuseum's own collections. With that process, the provenance of some of the collectionwas lost and its contribution to natural science and collecting in Australia in the 191hcentury remains forgotten and lost to Gawler's history.

The refurbishment and remodeling of the Institute Hall in 1931 and its renaming as theMemorial Hall provided the local community with the opportunity to escape from thedaily rigors of life through recreation.

In the second part of the 20th century, the main focus of activity of the Gawler Institutewas not so much the broader education of the community but providing a facility forentertainment. This trend would continue until after the Second World War and into the1970s:

"By the time o f the redevelopment o f the Institute as the Memorial Institute in1931, the librarian no longer appears to have been resident.. .the current publiclibrary still has much o f the character o f the original Institute library in the wellpreserved Reading Room."

Phillips Pilkington Architects, Gawler Institute Conservation Plan, March 2001.

During this period, the services and functions offered by the Gawler Institute werefragmented from one another like the interior of the building. The identity of the GawlerInstitute and its purpose became obscured like the façade − the entrance to the building

was no longer a grand statement and the condition of the Reading Room and InstituteLibrary reflected their 191h century origins.

While the Gawler Institute continued to provide a valuable service to the communitythrough its library, and the use of the Memorial Hall for recreation, the 20th centurymeant society and Gawler were moving in other directions.

The Reading Room, protected from the outside world, reflected an era of what was andnot what could be. The Gawler Institute's collection of 19 th century books and archivesand artefacts pointed to a past golden era.

As time passed the walls of the Reading Room became a gallery of memory. Thecollection of paintings and photos that commemorated those who had departed was anattempt to preserve a legacy of 'what had been'.

The closure of the Gawler Institute Library in 1985 and the transfer of ownership of thebuilding to the Town of Gawler resulted in the project to create a new integrated civicfacility. This redevelopment joined the former Institute building with the Gawler TownHall by enclosing the space between the Institute and Town Hall.

This became the new main entrance to both the Gawler Public Library and the TownHall corporate offices. The historic Reading Room was no longer entered through itsportico from the main street. History had turned full circle.

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Key Dates of Changes to Gawler Institute Building Exterior

1871 April

1871 April

1871 June

1872 July

1872 Aug

Tender accepted frosting & glazing of windows front and sidewindows of Institute Building by contractor Mr Cox

Confirmation of donation and fixing of Weather Vane &Lightening Conductor to roof of Institute Building by MessrsSwan & Pett (i.e., William Pett Architect & Builder)

Drainage pipes added to each side of the Institute Building

Gas Lamp installed at entrance to Reading Room Portico byMr E Potter. Mr Deland had procured the pillar with cast ironwork donated by James Martin of Phoenix Foundry

Town of Gawler Council requested to supply tree guards toplantings in front of reading room entrance and grand hallentrance.

1873 Aug Directors of the Bank of Adelaide have purchased land to thenorth of the Institute adjacent the Reading Room and Libraryto erect a new branch bank building. The Gawler InstituteCommittee purchase a portion of the land equal to 12 ft(3.65m) to create a buffer space between the two properties.

1877 Oct

1878 Nov

Footpath in front of the Reading Room entrance and GawlerInstitute was to be flagged with slate from Mintaro Quarriessupplied by Mr J Thompson Priest.

James Martin of Phoenix Foundry requested to provide castiron balustracling in front of Institute Building running betweenthe Reading Room porticos and the Grand Hall entrance

1885 Sept Institute Committee consideration of cutting down of MoretonBay Fig trees growing in front of Gawler Institute andentrances to Reading Room and the Grand Hall. DrSchomburgk had given the trees as a gift at opening of theInstitute in 1871 but now recommended their removal.

1886 March Institute Committee approve cutting down of two Moreton BayFig trees in front of building.

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1894 Nov Major additions and alterations made to the Grand Hall of theInstitute building while internal rooms are reorganised theReading Room left unaffected.

1931 March The remodelling of the Gawler Institute Façade by modifyingthe Murray Street elevation with the construction of a first floorstucco balcony extending from the Reading Room portico tothe Hall portico. This necessitated the altering of the middlewindow to becoming a door to access the balcony and alteringthe portico height and parapet. The balcony was finished in anart deco style of the 1930s at odds to the original 19th centuryarchitectural form.

1958 March The front stucco façade of the Gawler Institute building waspainted and the lettering 'In Memorium 1914−1918' waspainted red with gilt facing. All woodwork was painted 'LightStone' gutters and piping were painted in Dark Stone and castiron painted black.

1985 Sept Transfer of ownership of the Gawler Institute building to theTown of Gawler Council. Major redevelopment through theintegration of the Institute with the Town Hall to create CivicCentre. Space between buildings enclosed to create newsingle entrance to the Gawler Public Library and CouncilOffices.

1985 Direct access to the Reading Room via the entrance porticowas closed and a single new entrance to the new GawlerPublic Library and the Town of Gawler Corporate Officescreated.

1985 As part of the refurbishment of this major project to create anew civic facility both the exterior facades of the Institutebuilding and the Town Hall were painted.

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The Physical Character of the Gawler Institute Reading Room(1871−1931)The Interior

The formation of a subscription library and the provision of a Reading Roomwas one of the major incentives to develop an Institute in Gawler. Thedesignation of a public space (usually male only) in which to read was a productof 19th century social values. Libraries in the late 18th century in England andEurope were either restricted to private ownership or scholarly institutions.

In the nineteenth century, industrialisation and the commercialisation ofprinting allowed the Western world to achieve an unprecedented growth inliteracy. In Britain, the census in 1850 revealed male literacy was at about 70per cent while 55 per cent of females could read. In the German kingdom ofPrussia and in Austria it was 88 per cent literacy but there was a huge variationbetween rural and city townships. (J.Graff, Literacy & Social Development inthe West, Cambridge, 1981.)

Progress in education, however, tended to follow rather than precede thegrowth of a reading public which is why the establishment of the GawlerInstitute and its role as an educative institution was considered critical to thewell−being of the township.

The popularity of the Institute with its library and Reading Room was primarilybecause it was seen as a force for social harmony and self−improvement. Thephysical interior of these places reflected these values and aspirations.

Unfortunately, there is little documentary material available that describes theinterior of the new Gawler Institute building in 1871 but in the years after itsopening there are one or two very valuable pieces of documentation.

The first of these is the drawing of Pierce's Map in 1886 (Fig 4). Pierce'sdrawing of Murray Street in 1886 shows the layout of rooms on the ground floorof the Gawler Institute Building in this period.

The Reading Room is on the north side of the building fronting Murray Street.The Library and Librarian's office is immediately behind the Reading Room.The three rooms adjoining the Librarian's office were part of the Librarian'sResidence who lived onsite until the early years of the twentieth century.

The design of the rooms reinforced the central role of the Institute Librarian, asthe custodian and arbiter of social values; it was the Librarian who ensuredthat the 'public' behaved appropriately' and read only 'appropriate' material. Itwas the Librarian who oversaw the Reading Room and sat like a sentinelguarding the treasured books.

The significance of the Gawler Institute Library and Reading Room is reflectedin the common description of the Gawler Institute as the 'Literary Institute' andby the fact that the Librarian also acted as the Institute Secretary for much ofthe Gawler Institute's history. Naturally, the control of knowledge andeducation in British society was firmly the prerogative of men until late in the19th century.

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Pierce's drawing of the ground floor lay out of the Institute building 1886.

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Map 1 Section of Pierces 1886 Survey of Murray Street showingThe Institute Building flanked to the North by The Bank ofAdelaide (now the ANZ Bank) and to the south by the TownHall, erected some years after the Institute Building.(Town of Gawler Library, Local History Collection).

Fig 4 T Pierce, Plan of Murray Street, June 1886, (Copy in Gawler Public Library).

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The only other documentary evidence of the original form and function of theReading Room in this period is the very detailed description in George ELoyau's, The Gawler Handbook, 1880.

This extract gives a wonderful insight into the Reading Room and most notableare the references to the newspapers and journals on the long table. Thisreinforces the view of the important role that the Institute Reading Room playedat this time in disseminating information in the 190, century.

It should be remembered that access to newspapers allowed people to remainin contact with the outside world and provided information about what washappening not only in South Australia but in other states and overseas. Formany it was the only way they could get a sense of what was going on back'home'.

As George Loyau describes:

"The Institute.. .this edifice, standing very prominent among the surroundingbuildings o f Murray−street, is one o f the finest in Gawler, and presents quite anattractive appearance. Ascending a few stone steps, and passing beneath alofty and elegant piazza, the visitor reaches the front door and gains the groundfloor.

He is here at once attracted by a variety o f objects. At a long table running thewhole length of the room, on which periodicals are placed, at the time o f myvisit a number o f persons were seated all apparently interested in reading thevarious journals so liberally supplied.

Among the magazines are the Saturday Review, Public Opinion, ScientificAmerican, Fraser, Spectator, Graphic, Illustrated London News, and others, allo f a high character, and calculated to elevate the minds of readers.

The daily and weekly journals o f New South Wales, New Zealand,Queensland, and Victoria are represented, the latter colony by theAustralasian and Leader. The S.A. Register and Advertiser are veryconspicuous, being exhibited daily on a stand erected for that purpose, andtheir perusal is in reality a boon to the inhabitant.

On the walls are a number o f maps and charts of various kinds, and amongthem will be found a map of the world, Australia, the settled districts, GawlerTown, leased lands o f South Australia, an extremely useful map to squattersand others; telegraphic charts, &c., all more or less of a useful description.

Prominent on the walls are the portraits of James Martin, Esq., ex−Mayor ofGawler, and Dr George Nott, done in oils by Mr. McCormack, a colonial artist.The likenesses are considered striking and faithful, and quite characteristic ofthe energetic men they are intended to represent.

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Extract George Loyau cont.,

Both men have done their best to advance the interests of the town, andbenefit the community; one o f them has long since departed, and doubtlessreceived his reward in a higher sphere, the other remains a prototype ofNature's gentleman, o f whom there are too few to be met with.

On the wall opposite, is a photo of Governor Gawler, from whom the townderives its name. I could relate a number o f anecdotes o f this honourable oldGovernor, who, whatever his failings, is still remembered by colonists withkindly feelings.

The library connected with the Institute contains upwards o f 8,000 volumes,and this number is being increased monthly. They consist o f the usual varietyin fiction, poetry, history, science, and general literature, all by the best authors.The subscription is 5 shillings per quarter, or £1 pound per annum, and thereading room is open from 9 a.m. till 10 p.m. for 2 shillings 6 sixpence perquarter, or 10 shillings per year.

Visitors receive every attention at the hands o f Miss Kuhne, the intelligent ladysecretary, who was raised to that position by the Committee for long andfaithful services rendered as assistant librarian during the period when Mr. E.Lane was in office. The emolument for this situation is £100 per annum, withfree quarters, and it has been found by experience it was a judiciousappointment. Mr. E. Lane, a gentleman who has for years striven to advancethe interests o f the town, was the former secretary, and when he retired norecognition o f his services was made.

A debating class and amateur dramatic society were started here by Mr. G. E.Loyau, in 1878, and after an existence o f some months became defunct. Theonce latent talent of Gawler can now, however, contribute to the enjoyment ofthe public on the boards o f their bijou theatre in the hail above stairs, as anotherdramatic society has been formed.

A neat barometer and excellent time piece, together with two fine globes arethe only other objects of interest. Leaving the lower floor a flight o f neat stepsleads to the Hall and Museum..."

George E Loyau, The Gawler Handbook, 1880.

There are few references in the Gawler Institute Minutes as to the interior design andjoinery and fit out of the Reading Room once it had opened in 1871. The ceiling wasplaster and lath with deep cornices and a large ceiling rose typically Victorian but withno indication of the usual embellishments.

The walls were plaster but there is little information on original decorative colours ortreatments. The cedar joinery including moulded skirtings and panelled doors and weredescribed as being finished with a tinted varnished stain (shellac).

The Reading Room and other parts of the Institute building were fitted out over a periodof years as there was still a £1000 pounds owing when it opened in 1871 which wasnot cleared until November 1875.

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Interestingly, the original façade of the 1871 Institute Building with its high archedporticos and central window was designed to maximize natural lighting. The ReadingRoom was lit by a suspended brass pendant hung from the centre of the room over thelong library table. The chairs surrounding the magnificent library table were suppliedby George Phillips & Co., of Hindley Street, Adelaide.

The fireplace on the northern wall was a central feature with its Victorian marble grainmantle and surround. The central location of the fireplace gave the room elegance anda sense of civility.

A major change to the internal look of the room was the addition in 1875 to build a newcedar lobby as part of the entrance to the Reading Room. This vestibule turnstile withpanelled doors was deemed necessary to control the entry conditions into the ReadingRoom. Such a turnstile was designed to exclude winds, rain, heat and dust. It is aninteresting example of 19th century design. While it intruded on the originalspaciousness and symmetry of the room it is indicative of a response to the vagariesof the Australian environment. The entrance vestibule was constructed by Mr Fowlerfor £77 pounds.

In 1876, the 'Father of Gawler' James Martin (who had served as President of theInstitute, Mayor of the Town of Gawler and was owner of the Phoenix Foundry) donatedto the Reading Room a magnificent fender for the fireplace and a brass rail for the wallsso maps and pictures could be hung.

James Martin's influence on the Town of Gawler was far reaching for over half a centuryas parliamentary representative, businessman, local council and philanthropist.

The addition of the brass hanging rail allowed the walls of the Reading Room to becomesomething of a gallery combining the notion of civic duty with gifting and memory andart.

One of the interesting aspects of Loyau's description of the Reading Room in 1880 isthe reference to the portraits on the walls of notable citizens James Martin and DrGeorge Nott and the photograph of former Governor George Gawler. Each representeda different aspect of South Australia's rich and complex history.

This introduced a very important aspect to the Reading Room's cultural significancewhere in this space 19th century philanthropy combined with art to create a newcollection of works that become part of the Gawler Institute's historical legacy.

The relationship between art, philanthropy and the connection with Gawler's history iscritical to understanding the significance of the Reading Room.

In 1877 the Gawler Institute Committee 'wanted to procure a portrait of Mr James Martinto be placed in the Reading Room'. (EH Coombe, History of Gawler, Vardon & Sons,1910.) This would be the Institute's first commissioned work.

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The Institute Committee commissioned Scottish born portrait artist AndrewMacCormack (1826−1918) to paint James Martin's portrait. MacCormack becomes inthe words of the Adelaide Observer, 'the grand old man of South Australian art'depicting nearly every prominent civic leader in South Australia in the 191h century'.

Following the display of the James Martin portrait in the Reading Room the 'GawlerFriendly Societies' commissioned MacCormack to paint the late Dr George NottM.R.C.S.E., (1820−1872) a renaissance man, surgeon, radical writer, editor of 'TheBunyip' and prominent In the famous 'Humbug Society' and instrumental in thefoundation of the Gawler Institute. Dr George Nott was also President of the Instituteduring its most socially progressive years.

The wife of the intrepid explorer John McKinlay (1819−1872) also commissionedMacCormack to paint a portrait of this larger than life Gawler citizen. John McKinlayhad led the expedition in search of Burke and Wills in 1861 and other expeditions intothe Northern Territory and Gulf of Carpentaria. McKinlay had also donated significantartefacts to the Gawler Institute Museum.

In 1895 the Town of Gawler was shocked when two luminaries of the Institute − onebeing George Warren (1820−1895) pioneering surveyor and draftsman and the otherWilliam Barnet (1834−1895) printer and newspaper editor of the Bunyip − were killed ina railway accident. The Gawler Institute commissioned two portraits by AndrewMacCormack which were then displayed in the Reading Room in 1895.

In the late 1890s there were a number of significant paintings and maps donated tothe Gawler Institute. One example was a 19th century map that had been in thepossession of Governor Gawler's mother, Mrs Hutchinson, and which was gifted bythe family to the Institute. This was a rare pen and ink sketch of the 'Battle ofBarrossa 1811' − the provenance of which is unclear but may well have been done byColonel William Light during the Peninsula campaign and which made its way intoGovernor Gawler's collection possibly during his period of governorship of SouthAustralia in the 1840s.

Canon Coombe of St George's Church presented a map of John McDouall Stuart'sfamous expedition across Australia in 1862. In 1890, the former Mayor of Gawler,Thomas Jones, in a gesture of civic munificence donated the oil painting of 'Christ atthe Well of Samaria' which he had purchased in Italy but thought fitting for theInstitute's growing art collection.

Over the years, a number of prized artworks and artefacts were donated to theInstitute and displayed in the Reading Room as part of this philanthropic tradition.This collection was not just limited to artworks as the Institute, since its inception in1857, it had also received important donations of rare books from various sources.

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This single photograph of the Reading Room in the 1900s reveals that its function hadnot noticeably changed since it opened in 1871. The Library was located, as denotedin Pierce's drawing, in the room adjacent to the Reading Room. The librarian's lift updesk was at the entrance to the room and there were no book shelves in the ReadingRoom. Numerous journals and publications are laid out on the long library table withseating for twenty people.

There are two round cedar tables with cedar seats on each side of the librarian's desk.There are a number of cabinets running down the south side of the wall which heldjournals and newspapers. There is in the far right corner a large globe of the world thiscould well be the one that was first purchased by the Institute in 1859.

The left hand side of the room is obscured however it is possible to discern that therewere no bookshelves running along this northern wall.

The original brass gas pendant is suspended from the ceiling and was converted toelectric lighting when it was introduced in 1912. The light can be seen above the librarytable which is located in the middle of the room.

32

Fig 5. The Gawler Institute Reading Room, circa 1900s, looking east from MurrayStreet end of the room towards the Institute's Library. The Reading Room wasalso used by the Gawler Institute Committee for its meetings and special events.E H Coombe, History of Gawler, Vardon & Sons 1910.



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It is also possible to see the brass picture rail donated by James Martin in 1876 andfrom which the portraits of George Warren, Leonard Burton, James Martin, Dr Nott andJohn McKintay were hung. Governor Gawler's photograph was on a special standadjacent to the librarian's desk. Numerous other photographs and framed works appearto sit on a ledge above the magazine bookcases suspended in time.

The year 1900 is a watershed as it signals the end of an era. Many of those who hadhelped formed the original Gawler Institute in 1857 had passed away and there was nolonger the necessity, as there had been in the early years of the township, to be anarbiter of social values. There were now other social forces at play and the days of theGawler Institute and the citizens of Gawler being known as the 'Colonial Athens' wereover.

'Everything seemed set fine for Gawler. In 1892 Martin's was employing 700 men andit was not the only industry in the town. Then in the late 1890s the contracts for thelocomotives ran out The government had established its own railway works atIslington, which started to build locomotives, and there were no more orders for Martin'srolling stock for South Australia. There was also a general slump, especially in themining industry. James Martin died in 1899 and in 1907 the company went intoliquidation. The Government, apparently determined to polish off Gawler, even letcontracts for locomotives to a firm in Queensland. The works were finally closed in theyear of South Australia's worst drought to that moment in history, on which the Statelost millions of sheep and almost its entire wheat crop.. .things would never be thesame."

Geoffrey Dutton, A Taste of History, Rigby, Adelaide, 1978.

In 1901 there were 10,000 volumes in the Institute's library collection and just over 400subscribers which represented about 10% of the population. The physical form of theReading Room and the adjoining library did not undergo any major changes other thanthe relocation of the Gawler Museum Collection adjacent the library. It remained in thisarea until it was sent down to the South Australian Museum in 1926.

As the Gawler Institute and the Reading Room moved through the 20th century thereseemed to be a growing perception that the Institute was a safe haven, a repository forGawler's history.

The Gawler Institute minutes reveal a continuing pattern of donations of paintings,photographs and historical artefacts that found find their way into the Institute'sarchives and heritage collection. Ironically, though there are few photos of the ReadingRoom from the turn of the century until its closure in 1985.

The Gawler Institute took seriously the role of providing a library service and along withthe Reading Room continued to operate until it was closed and the building transferredto the Town of Gawler in 1985.

The next stage was the redevelopment of the Institute Building and the Gawler TownHall into a new single civic facility.

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Key dates of changes to Reading Room Interior

1871 Completion of the Gawler Institute Reading Room located onthe ground floor northern side of building frontage to MurrayStreet.

1875 Constructed a new cedar lobby as part of the entrance to theReading Room. A vestibule turnstile with a panelled door wasdeemed necessary to control the entry conditions into theReading Room. The turnstile was designed to exclude wind,rain, heat and dust.

1876 Brass picture rail donated by James Martin installed belowcornice on walls in Reading Room.

1878 Sept 'Colouring of ceiling and walls of three rooms. Papering aboutfour feet from top of skirting with 'paper' and border varnished'contractor Mr C Cox (reference to work in Institute rooms)

1885 May Repair clock in Reading Room contractor Mr C W Niquet,jeweller.

1892 Mar Supply & fit Venetian blinds to the Reading Room contractorDeland & Tardif.

1912 Introduction of electric lighting to Institute and Reading Roomconverted original gas pendant to electric

1985 Sept Transfer of ownership of the Gawler Institute building to theTown of Gawler Council. Major redevelopment through theintegration of the Institute with the Town Hall to create CivicCentre. Space between buildings enclosed to create newsingle entrance to the Gawler Public Library and CouncilOffices.

1985 Closure of street entrances to Reading Room

1985 Architects Berry, Polomoka, Riches, Gilbert Architectsimplement major works program for new civic facility

1985 Former Institute Librarian's lift up top desk is removed fromReading Room

1985 Civic Centre project removed original timber book cases fromlibrary area adjoining Reading Room relocated to southernwall and northern wall in Reading Room. Timber Casesmodified.

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Key dates of changes to Reading Room Interior cont.,

1985 Library books originally in library room transferred to ReadingRoom (original room had no library books)

1985 The main 1901 century cedar long reference table in ReadingRoom restored original chairs replaced by Bentwood chairs(different to those depicted in Coombe photo Fig 5)

1985 Two round 19th century cedar tables with cedar balloon backchairs relocated back to library

1985 Small cedar desk relocated to Reading Room and two former19th century museum display cases

1985 Walls stripped back to plaster and internal walls removed inarea adjacent to Reading Room as part of redevelopmentoriginal configuration altered

1985 Reading room plaster painted using colour scheme of pinkwalls, mouldings and cornice in two shades of green andceiling rose in green and gold. Ceiling painted.

1985 Reproduction brass light fitting installed in Reading Roomreplaced original converted gas fitting

1985 Large incandescent luminaires factory lights installed in ceilingemitting high heat and light levels (750 lux)

1985 A number of paintings from the Gawler collection installed aboveLibrary Bookcases

1990s Wooden dedication plaques and boards are added over timeto the Reading Room

1991 Part of Reading Room ceiling collapsed and was repaired andinjected with an unspecified glue

1994 Air−conditioning units installed

1997 Serious white ant damage and activity detected in bookcaseson northern wall of Reading Room − area treated in 1998recommended follow up treatment

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2010 Major water damage to interior front wall of Reading Roomnorthern corner facing Murray Street. Deterioration to the walland its structural integrity is occurring because the SoldiersMemorial Balcony (1931 addition) directly above is allowingwater to flow down the wall into the Reading Room.

2010 Wallbridge & Gilbert consulting engineers recommendimmediate intervention in Reading Room to provide timbersupports to masonry arch in fireplace to eliminate risk ofhearth collapsing.

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Photographs of Reading Room & Gawler Institute Library 1985

37

Fig 6. View looking at Librarian's desk adjacent entry to Reading Roomthis was the area were the library was located.

Fig 7. Institute Librarian's desk on northern wall also shows hangingfluorescent light.



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Fig 8. Looking towards Murray Street through to Reading Room.

Fig 9. View of Reading Room showing long table and moulded picturerails on walls and hanging fluorescent lights.

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Summary of Key Features

The Gawler Institute records have revealed that in the first two decades afterthe completion of the building in 1871 there was little change to the interior ofthe Reading Room.

The popularity of the Institute in the 191h century with its Library and ReadingRoom was primarily because it was seen as a force for social harmony andself−improvement for working men. The physical interior reflected the valuesand aspirations of the Institute movement and its stewardship.

The Gawler Reading Room in the Institute Building from 1871 to 1931 had thefollowing basic characteristics:

• Access was only granted through paying a subscription fee.

• Books were purchased and donated to the subscription library butwere separate to the Reading Room

• Initially, the Reading Room was only open to males but later on afamily subscription could be bought.

• The Reading Room was on the ground floor with direct access toGawler's main street.

• The Librarian was located in front of the Library and administered theextensive library collection and exercised control over the space.

• Material in the Reading Room was primarily newspapers, magazines,journals and pamphlets.

• The Reading Room had one long table over 5 metres in length at which20 people could sit.

• There were two other round tables with chairs for subscribers to sit at.

• A Debating Club operated from the Reading Room in 1873.

• The Gawler Institute Committee held its meetings in the ReadingRoom.

• Special presentation ceremonies were held in the Reading Room.

• There was a brass picture rail around the room to display artwork.Towards the end of the 1 9th century their developed a movement ofcivic munificence with respect to the Gawler Institute and a number ofimportant maps, art works and photographs were donated with theintention they be displayed in the Reading Room.

• Prior to electricity being introduced in 1912 the Reading Room was litby an elegant gasolier light.

• There is no evidence of original paint colours or papers as majorrefurbishment works in 1985 removed all existing layers back to theoriginal plaster.

• There is no historical evidence to support the choice of colours usedin 1985 to paint the Reading Room

• There is an opportunity to restore significant elements of the readingroom and also there is opportunity for contextual interpretation

• The area adjacent to the Reading Room which was the Institute Libraryis culturally significant and part of the Reading Room as it held theoriginal 19th century subscription library reflecting the progressivevalues and importance of the Institute.

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Statement of Heritage Value of the Reading Room

The Reading Room in the Gawler Institute building demonstrates important aspects of theevolution of the State's history, specifically the role of the Institute movement in the 19th centuryin aiding literacy, providing education and fostering an interest in the arts and sciences.

The Reading Room in the Gawler Institute has remained structurally intact and its functionunchanged and so is one of the oldest Reading rooms to remain in continuous use in SouthAustralia.

The Gawler Institute Reading Room evokes a sense of character and has retained much of itsarchitectural and cultural significance and remains of high value to the citizens of Gawler.

In addition the Reading Room, through its archival, literary and artwork collections, isassociated with a number of significant people and major historical events at a state andnational level in south Australian and Australian history.

The Reading Room and its associated collections demonstrate important aspects of the role ofphilanthropy in 191h century South Australia and in fostering the development of significantscientific, literary, archival collections and artwork collections particularly with respect to theGawler Institute.

The former library of the Gawler Institute which is now housed in the Reading Room remainsone of the most culturally diverse and rare collections of literary works in the State.

The Reading Room as part of the former Gawler Institute is closely associated with a numberof important milestones in the social and cultural history of the State with respect to leading theway in cultural expression, and the pursuit and development of a natural science collection withthe establishment of the first museum in South Australia in 1860.

State Heritage listing reaffirms that the Gawler Institute and the Reading Room haveplayed a vital role in the life of the Township of Gawler and the broader South Australiancommunity.

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References

Coombe, E.H., History of Gawler 1837−1908, Gawler Institute, Vardon& Sons, Adelaide, 1910.

Graff, J. H., Literacy & Social Development in the West: A Reader,Cambridge University Press, 1981.

Jensen, Elfrida and Rolf, Colonial Architecture in South Australia, ADefinitive Chronicle of Development 1836−1890 and the SocialHistory of the Times, Rigby, Adelaide, 1980.

Jones, P, 'Colonial Wissenchaft; German naturalists and museums innineteenth−century South Australia', in P Monteath led) Germans,Travellers, Settlers and Their Descendants in South Australia,Wakefield Press, Adelaide, 2011.

Loyau, George E., The Gawler Handbook, Austaprint facsimile,Adelaide, 1978.

Mahoney, Christine M., Old Gawler: Murray Street, 1870−1920,Teachers' Publishing Co., Salisbury, SA., 1983.

Perry, Maurice & Auhi, Ian, Gawler Sketchbook, Rigby, Adelaide, 1973.

Samuels, Brian, The South Australian Institute Building: A LifeHistory, 1 st ed., Adelaide: History Trust of South Australia, 1986.

Samuels, Brian, The Colonial Athens, and South Australia's first localhistory and first public museum, Journal of the Historical Society ofSouth Australia, no 40, 2012.

Rochester, Maxine, Gawler Institute, AARL, Vol 6, No3, Sept 1975.

Talbot, Michael, A Chance to Read: A History of the InstitutesMovement in South Australia, Libraries Board of South Australia,1992.

Whitelock, Derek, Gawler, Colonel Light's Country Town(Corporation of the Town of Gawler), Gawler 1989

Kerr, James, The Conservation Plan: A Guide to the Preparation ofConservation Plans for Places of European Cultural Significance,National Trust, (Sydney) 1978

The Burra Charter: The Australia ICOMOS Charter for theConservation of Places of Cultural Significance 1999, AustraliaICOMOS Secretariat, (Victoria) 2000

The Guide to Assessing the Significance of Cultural Heritage Objectsand Collections, Heritage Collections Council (Canberra) 2001.

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Records

The Town of Gawler Council RecordsThe Gawler Public Library Local History Collection

Unpublished references

Cliff, John, The Gawler Institute, Talk to Lions Club of SA, 1991

Muller, Edgar, Summary o f Minutes o f the Gawler Institute, LocalHistory Collection, Gawler Public Library, 1972.

Treloar, Wendy, The Gawler Institute, Assignment Paper, LocalHistory Course, University of New England, 1997

Sheahan, Patricia, The Reading Room, the Library and the GawlerInstitute, Gawler Local History Collection.

Webhttp://www.naa.gov.auhttp://www.adbonline.anu.edu.auhttp://www.trove.nla.gov.au

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Attachment

Gawler Institute Reading Room − Environmental and Light Conditions

A brief survey of the Reading Room was conducted to review joinery and other fittings and furniturein the room.

The paintings in the Reading Room are all hanging high on the walls with many on the southernwall perched on bookcases housing the Institute's rare book collection. There are a number ofenvironmental factors that significantly affect the condition and longevity of works displayed in thisarea with the most critical being light and dust and dirt.

During the survey the relative humidity was within recommended levels as would be expectedwithin a 19th century stone building such as the Gawler Institute the humidity in the Reading Roomremains relatively stable outside of dimplex heaters and air conditioning units being activated.Light levels were considered in terms of overall illumination and the component of the light that isin the ultraviolet band (which is particularly degrading to oil and watercolor paintings andphotographs).

The illumination levels measured in the Gawler Reading Room ranged from 250−550 lax(lumen/sqm) in various locations around the room at a height of about 1.6m with the highestreading being 1000 lux in front of the window facing Murray Street. The readings on the paintings(at a higher level) were all approximately 950 lux. The readings indicate that the lighting is brighterhigher in the room than at eye level. The maximum internationally−recommended light level foroil paintings is 200 lux maximum.

The continued impact of this lighting over the last 20 years has caused major degradation to anumber of significant works that comprise the Gawler Heritage collection. (The manner andcontinued display of works from the Gawler Heritage Collection on the walls throughout theGawler Public Library is an issue of major concern.)

It is critical that appropriate lighting be installed urgently in the Reading Room which houses keyaspects of the Gawler Heritage Collection. The ultraviolet component of the light was measuredat 375 micro Watts/lumen at most places in the room including on the paintings and on thebookshelves. The internationally−recommended ultraviolet level for oil paintings is between 50 to75 microWatts/lumen.

The current levels far exceed museum or gallery standards. For more light−sensitive materialssuch as historic books and other artefacts the ultraviolet level should be in the lower range. Aged,fragile leather bindings such as those on the books in this room are particularly susceptible to thedamage caused by ultraviolet light. The main source of ultraviolet light it is thought is emanatingfrom the fluorescent white light lamps suspended from the ceiling.

Added to these issues all the paintings are suspended at an angle, so that the top of the paintingis further out from the wall than the bottom. This is a dangerous practice given the weight on therail and the dirt, dust and debris which accumulates as such fragments of plaster and dust seepinto the painting. This debris falls into the space between the bottom stretcher bar and the backof the canvas, forming lumps. This has occurred on most of the paintings in the Reading Roomand in a number of cases it has already resulted in severe distortions visible on the front of thepainting along the bottom edge.

If conservation is not undertaken such accumulations inevitably result in holes in the canvas andloss of paint in these areas. Many of the paintings reveal this damage and pitting and cracking.



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Major conservation work is required on the works in the Reading Room to ensure that they survive into thefuture. These works should be immediately removed from the walls and sent for conservation and cleaningand a new hanging or display system instituted. The current state of the art works and the rare book collectionin the Reading Room are cause for major concern.

Reading Room Environmental Conditions Survey

Fig I Southern WallReading Room paintings, photographs and boards are hung from a single brass road perchedprecariously on bookcases or over doorways.

Paintings have been inappropriately hung over doors, windows, shelving, bookcases andarchways with 90% of paintings & photographs hung just below the cornice tine and in direct lineof white fluorescent lighting which emits heat directly on to most of the works including the rarebook collection contained in the display cases. (Note sticky tape on 19th century cedar door.)



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Fig 2 Northern WallNote inappropriate height of paintings and photographs and tight illuminationemitting heat.

Fig 3 Southern Wall



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Fig 4 Southern WallPaintings sitting precariously on bookcases evidence of light directly on paintings

—I

Fig 5 Western Wall Structurally vulnerable due to damp, the painting showing evidence of mouldand flaking deterioration above doorway on right.



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Fig 6 Inappropriate hanging and display right under ceiling cornice.

Fig 7 & 8

Items in bookcases and in display cases show evidence of deterioration, dirt and dust.



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Fig 7 & 8 Dirt, Dust and Sticky Tape on rare books.



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f I I i n a n n w I I s and evidence of damp



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#ioi 19th century display case survived from theGawler Museum 1870s 1st floor James Martin Rm.Not an original fixture in Reading Rm. Significant toInstitute building because of association withGawler Museum and Gawler Institute Collection

E01

J03 Not original to Reading Rm was first located in1870s Gawler Museum 1st Floor upstairs (JamesMartin Rm). Significant to other part of InstituteBuilding.#j04 Cedar turnstile/vestibule added in 1875 tocontrol entry to Reading Rm limit impact of weather

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*#J03 Not original to Reading Rm

#J02

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#J05, #J07a, J06, #J07, #J08 Timber joinery northern wall all 20th

century additions not original Reading Rm furniture. Items notsignificant unless provenance can be proven that they were partof the Subscription Library could then be relevant to other roomsin Gawler Institute. Fireplace original and mantle and fender.

OPEN

E04

1:100#J02

#j07 #J

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FLOOR PLAN EXISTING1:100

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HMuch of the internal joinery in the Reading Rm has been relocated from rooms in the Institute Building including the original Subscription Library, Gawler Museum andpossibly the 1" Floor School of Design. Items #JO1&J03; #J02 are significant because they were part of the 19th century fittings (though #J02 was modified in the 1980s).Items #J05; #J06,#J07,#J08 appear to have been added in the 20th century and are not original to Reading Rm. The marbled fireplace and mantle is original, the brass picturerail was added by James Martin in 1876 along with a number of significant paintings that were specifically donated to the Reading Room which in the late 19th and early 20th

century was also functioning as a gallery and display space. The long table is original although the original chairs shown in Coombe photo seem to have been replaced byBentwood Chairs. The two round cedar tables and balloon back chairs are original to the Reading Room. The light fittings are not original. The Honour Boards and NamePlaques are not original to the 191h century Reading Room.

KEY 1:750

PROPOSED GAWLER INSTITUTE& TOWN HALL LAYOUT SXD 28!OE/13

issuetrevisten: checked: I date:

52012 FLIOHTPATH ARCHITECTS PTY LTDSeEing out of the work to the reepons:OI:t5 of the contractor WIdimensions to betaken from the job Lhscrepandas to bereported immediately to the architect, This drwpr:g shall be readin conjunction vith the spacdoelion.

Flightpath Architects Pty Ltd

101 Hindley Street Adelaide SA 5000

T+61 882116 355 F+61 882116344

www.flightpatharchitects com.au

READING ROOM

Murray Street: Gawler SA 5118

JOINERY ELEVATIONS1:50



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ff301 19r century display case survived from theGawler Museum 18705 1st floor James Martin Rm.Not an original fixture In Reading Rm. Significant toInstitute building because o f association withGawler Museum and Gawler Institute Collection

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HamiE01

8103 Not original to Reading Rm was first located In1870s Gawier Museum 11 Flom upstairs (JamesMartin Rm). Significant to other part o f InstituteBuilding.8(134 Cedar turnstile/vestibule added in 1 7 5 tocontrol entry to Reading Sm limit impact of weather

#102 Bookshelf placed In Reading Sm In 1985 was modifiedand was originally in Subscription Library in adjacent room.Not an original fixture to the Reading Rm.Is significant but not original fitting in Reading Sm.

#103 Not original to Reading Sm

E 02

#105, 9307a, #306, #307. #308 Timber joinery northern wall all 20'century additions not original Reading Rm furniture. Items notsignificant unless provenance can be proven that they were partof the Subscription Library could then be relevant to other roomsin Gawler institute. Fireplace original and mantle and fender.

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E 041:1008.102

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. joinery . . iMuch of the Internal oiery In the Reading Rm has been relocated from rooms n the Institute Building including the original Subscription library, Gawler Museum andpossibly the V Floor School of Design. Items #J01&103; #302 are significant because they were part of the 19 century fittings (though #302 was modified in the 1980s).Items #305; #i06,#307,#i08 appear to have been added in the 20"century and are not original to Reading Rm. The marbled fireplace and mantle is original, the brass picturerail was added by James Martin in 1876 along with a number of significant paintings that were specifically donated to the Reading Room which in the late 19 and early 20century was also functioning as a gallery and display space. The long table is original although the original chairs shown In Coombe photo seem to have been replaced byBentwood Chairs. The two round cedar tables and balloon back chairs are original to the Reading Room. The light fittings are not original. The Honour Boards and NamePlaques are not original to the 19 century Reading Room.


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Inventory List of Gawler Institute Reading Room Joinery Fittings

Table I

ItemJoinery

Museum case19th century SdrMahogany

Large bookcaseCathedral top 7drGlass doors Cedar& Pine additions

Reference

J#012004 x 1240 x610

J#026701x2607x360

J#03

Location

East Wall

Southern Wall

Status Comment

Museum Case191h century 5drMahogany

Revolving CedarEntry Vestibule1875

Bookshelf adjacententry stained wood

J#04

J#07a/J#071800X1130

Not original to Reading Rm but toMuseumHighly significant

Not original to Reading Rm but toadjoining Library RmHighly significant

Western Wall Not original to Reading Rm but toMuseumHighly significant

Western Wall Added to Reading Rm in 1875 as amodification to control weather.One of the few modifications tointernal structure.Significant

Northern Wall 20" century addition



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Bookcase 3 shelvesExternal pine doorsInner Cedar shelving

Bookcase 3 shelvesExternal pine doorsinner Cedar shelving

J#05/J#061300X2553

J#081300X2553

Northern Wall

Northern Wall

201h century addition

20th century addition



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1

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Evidence of Decorative Victorian Remnant Wallpapers in Gawler Institute Basement



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Urrbrae House restored stenciling on walls & warm 'colours'



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Government House Adelaide Dining Room − Paint Colour Scheme



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Decorative Centrepiece

Gold Leaf Application to Cornice

−

Decorative finishes on mouldings



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Gilded Camphor Leaves Moulding on Arch

Copper Antiquing



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Victorian Ceiling Finishes − using stencilling and marbling in cove.

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Ceiling stenciling

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Ceiling roses and cornices

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Traditional Ceiling Rose

Victorian Decorative Stenciling Styles

Stenciling



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Raised Stencils

Traditional wall stencils

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Painted wall stencil

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Stencil borders & traditional papers

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Decorative stencils late Victorian

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flightpath

Flightpath)Architects)Pty)LtdABN$16)085)522)014

101)Hindley)Street)Adelaide)South)Australia)5000

T$+61)882)116)355F)+61)882)116)344

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Gawler Institute: Reading Room Conservation Management Plan: Stage 2 Conservation Policy and Implementation 91 Murray Street, Gawler, South Australia

for

Town of Gawler

February 2015

ATTACHMENT 5TOWN OF GAWLER

COUNCIL MEETING 24 MARCH 2015 ATTACHMENTS UNDER SEPARATE COVER

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Executive Summary The Town of Gawler as owner of the State Heritage listed Gawler Institute intends to conserve and enhance the interior of the Reading Room. This Conservation Plan has been prepared in two stages:

• Stage One: Town of Gawler Reading Room Project Report prepared by Schumann and Associates in November, 2014;

• Stage Two: (this report): Reading Room Conservation Policy and Implementation.

Stage One provided a detailed Statement of Heritage Value that reaffirms the Reading Room and the Gawler Institute as a whole are of State Heritage value.

The level of physical integrity of the Reading Room was affected by the 1985 refurbishment in a number of ways that are relevance as follows :

• Photographs taken in 1985 show that the interior had already changed from the original and provide some evidence of a modern interior, prior to the refurbishment, including shelving, light coloured walls and fluorescent lights. These were removed as part of the refurbishment, but suggest the level of intactness and integrity previously stated, should be re considered;

• The simple interior qualities and character of the Reading Room were altered through the introduction of relocated shelving, cabinets and contents from elsewhere in the Institute. While Stage One observes the joinery to be of significance, it also observes the joinery not to be original to the Reading Room.

In plain terms, the Reading Room interior has become the repository for important joinery and contents. The Reading Room has through its history accommodated additional layers of furniture and contents, resulting in a lack of clarity of the original spatial qualities. The policies described and discussed in this Stage 2 document are intended to assist in the determination of a future vision for the Reading Room. The policies recommend and rely upon a distinction being agreed between the enclosing, immovable fixed building fabric, that requires urgent conservation, and the significant but unfixed contents and introduced joinery items, which require removal in order to undertake essential conservation work of the room enclosure. Further investigation is required to be undertaken with regard to the vestibule and specialist archivists and conservators will be required to advise on the appropriate identification, recording, placement and decanting of items and joinery. The suggested policies and future uses are intended to retain and enhance the simple spatial qualities of the Reading Room and its connectedness to the Library, natural light and Murray Street. The intensive 1985 refurbishment has resulted in the overcrowded appearance of the Reading Room. By carefully decanting joinery items that were introduced to the Reading Room in 1985, and by returning restored artwork and central reading table, it is considered that a less crowded original appearance will be recovered. It is concluded that removal of introduced and non-original layers will potentially recover the fundamental and rich qualities and simplicity of the original space, providing a dignified and authentic vision for the Reading room.



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Conservation Management Plan for the Gawler Institute Reading Room

flightpath architects February 2015

1

Preamble The objectives for the Conservation Management Plan for the Reading Room, which forms an important and integral part of the State Heritage listed Gawler Institute is to preserve its Heritage Value through consideration of conservation, restoration, adaptation and ongoing management of the Heritage Value of the place.

The Conservation Plan has been prepared in two stages:

• Stage One: Town of Gawler Reading Room Project Report prepared by Schumann and Associates in November, 2014;

• Stage Two: (this report): Reading Room Conservation Policy and Implementation.

This stage should be read in conjunction with Stage One, which explores in detail the history and development of the Gawler Institute including the Reading Room, and its cultural significance.

Stage One provides a Statement of Heritage Value of the Reading Room following an assessment of documentary and physical evidence.

The Stage One report reinforces in greater detail the 2001 Gawler Institute Conservation Plan, undertaken for the whole of the Gawler Institute building, prepared by Phillips/Pilkington Architects which, described the Reading Room as largely intact1 and high in integrity2.

The Stage One report concludes that the Reading Room itself is considered highly significant to the overall significance of the Gawler Institute.

While Stage One discusses the importance of external and internal fabric, this Stage Two report is limited to developing and expanding internal policies that formed only a small part of the 2001 Gawler Institute Conservation Plan.

For the purpose of this report, the Reading Room is considered to include the relatively smaller former Library Alcove to the east end of the main Reading Room.

1 Phillips Pilkington, page 48 2 Phillips Pilkington, page 49



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2

Contents Executive Summary!Preamble 1!Contents 2!List of Figures 3!1.0! Introduction 4!

1.1! Objectives of the Conservation Management Plan: Stage Two ..................................... 4!1.2! Methodology of Conservation Management Plan .......................................................... 4!

2.0! Historic Photographs ......................................................................................................... 5!2.1! Historic photographs .................................................................................................... 5!

3.0! Survey of Extant Fabric ..................................................................................................... 8!3.1! Introduction .................................................................................................................. 8!3.2! Reading Room ............................................................................................................. 8!3.3! Internal Dilapidation Photographs ............................................................................... 12!3.4! North and West Elevation ........................................................................................... 14!

4.0! Statement of Cultural Significance ................................................................................... 16!4.1! General Statement ...................................................................................................... 16!4.2! Statements of Heritage Significance ........................................................................... 16!4.3! Definition of Significant Fabric ..................................................................................... 20!

5.0! General Conservation Policies ......................................................................................... 23!5.1! Introduction ................................................................................................................ 23!5.2! Definitions ................................................................................................................... 23!5.3! Statutory Requirements .............................................................................................. 23!5.4! General Approach to Conservation Policy ................................................................... 24!5.5! The Gawler Institute Reading Room ............................................................................ 25!

6.0! Specific Conservation Policies ......................................................................................... 29!6.1! Introduction ................................................................................................................ 29!6.2! External Conservation Policies .................................................................................... 29!6.3! Internal Conservation Policies for the Reading Room .................................................. 29!6.4! Services ...................................................................................................................... 31!6.5! Management Policies .................................................................................................. 33!

7.0! Recommendations .......................................................................................................... 35!7.1! Priorities ..................................................................................................................... 35!7.2! Recommendations ..................................................................................................... 35!7.3! Summary .................................................................................................................... 36!

Selected Bibliography ............................................................................................................... 37!



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3

List of Figures Figure 1:! Gawler Institute Reading Room, circa 1900’s, looking east towards the library. ........ 5!Figure 2:! Gawler Institute Reading Room 1985 ........................................................................ 5!Figure 3:! View of Librarian’s desk adjacent entry to Reading Room where the library was

originally located, 1985 ............................................................................................. 6!Figure 4:! Librarian’s desk on northern wall showing hanging fluorescent light, 1985 ................ 6!Figure 5:! View towards Reading Room from Library, 1985 ...................................................... 7!Figure 6:! View of Reading Room showing long table, paintings and hanging fluorescent lights,

1985 ......................................................................................................................... 7!Figure 3:! Cornice – north west corner .................................................................................... 12!Figure 4:! Timber door leading to the original entry hallway ..................................................... 12!Figure 5:! Damp above the original western entry with vestibule ............................................. 13!Figure 6:! Eastern wall displaying cracking above the archway ............................................... 13!Figure 7:! West Elevation ........................................................................................................ 14!Figure 8:! North Elevation ....................................................................................................... 14!Figure 9:! North Elevation ....................................................................................................... 15!Figure 10:! Proposed Gawler Institute and Town Hall Layout .................................................. 22!Figure 11:! Schumann and Associates, Inventory of Gawler Institute Reading Room Joinery

Fittings .................................................................................................................. 22!



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4

1.0 Introduction

1.1 Objectives of the Conservation Management Plan: Stage Two Stage Two of this project provides conservation policies for the Reading Room including joinery, furniture and contents displayed. Conservation policies will inform the establishment of an appropriate vision for the Reading Room.

The following tasks have been undertaken in order to develop an understanding of the Gawler Institute building and Reading Room and to formulate relevant policies for their future use and management.

STAGE 1 (COMPLETE):

• Review of the history and development of the Institute Movement and the Institute, including the development sequence of the changes to the Reading Room;

• Completion of a physical survey of the Reading Room joinery and furniture; • Preparation of drawings and inventory of joinery and furniture for the Reading Room; • Statement of Heritage Value for the Reading Room.

STAGE 2 (this report):

• Overview of Stage One (Town of Gawler Reading Room Project Report); • Statements of Heritage Significance including Heritage Survey (1980), CMP Statement

of Significance 2001 and review of Statement of Heritage Value 2014; • Overview physical survey of the Reading Room extant fabric; • Conservation policies for the ongoing conservation and management of the interior of

Reading Room including joinery, furniture and contents.

1.2 Methodology of Conservation Management Plan This Conservation Management Plan has been developed in accordance with the principles of the Burra Charter 3 and The Conservation Plan.4

The Plan comprises two components:

• The collection and analysis of the existing historical material and the survey and analysis of the physical condition of the Reading Room. This process has led to the formulation of a statement of cultural significance for the space.

• The preparation of conservation policies and management strategies forming the basis for recommendations for physical work and to give guidance for the future management and conservation of the place.

The terminology used in this document follows the guidelines and definitions within the Burra Charter, the Australia ICOMOS Charter for Places of Cultural Significance.

3 ICOMOS Australia, The Australia ICOMOS Charter For Places Of Cultural Significance (The Burra Charter)

Sydney, 2103. 4 J.S Kerr, The Conservation Plan: A Guide To The Preparation Of Conservation Plans For Places Of European

Cultural Significance, (5th Ed) Sydney, 2000.



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5

2.0 Historic Photographs

2.1 Historic photographs

2.1.1 Interior views

Figure 1: Gawler Institute Reading Room, circa 1900’s, looking east towards the

library. Source: Town of Gawler Reading Room Project Report, 2014

Figure 1 shows the Gawler Reading Room in its near original condition with display cases along the southern wall and the distinctive long, twenty seater table with chairs.

Figure 2: Gawler Institute Reading Room 1985 Source: Gawler Institute Conservation Plan, 2001

Figure 2 shows the Gawler Reading Room in 1985. By this time the appearance of the Reading Room had started to change with the introduction of new light fittings and book shelves along the southern and northern walls, which resulted in the higher location of the paintings.



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6

The following photographs, taken in 1985, provide evidence of further change within the Reading Room, prior to the 1985 refurbishment.

Figure 3: View of Librarian’s desk adjacent entry to Reading Room where the library was originally located, 1985

Source: Town of Gawler Reading Room Project Report, 2014

Figure 4: Librarian’s desk on northern wall showing hanging fluorescent light, 1985

Source: Town of Gawler Reading Room Project Report, 2014



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7

Figure 5: View towards Reading Room from Library, 1985 Source: Town of Gawler Reading Room Project Report, 2014

Figure 6: View of Reading Room showing long table, paintings and hanging

fluorescent lights, 1985 Source: Town of Gawler Reading Room Project Report, 2014



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3.0 Survey of Extant Fabric

3.1 Introduction An inventory of condition, joinery and furniture was undertaken during Stage One. This has been consolidated into drawings and inventory of joinery and furniture included with this report.

3.2 Reading Room

3.2.1 Original Form and Construction

The Stage One report records the following:

- The ceiling of plaster and lath with deep cornices and a large ceiling rose; - Painted plaster finish to walls; - Cedar joinery including moulded skirtings and panelled doors finished with a tinted

varnished stain (shellac); - Suspended brass pendant hung from the centre of the room over the long library table

with surrounding chairs; - A cedar lobby as the entrance with turnstile with panelled doors; - Fender for the fireplace and a brass rail for the walls so maps and pictures could be

hung.

3.2.2 Extant fabric

The form and fabric of the Reading Room may be considered in two parts:

1. Fixed Bui ld ing Enclosure:

This includes:

• Rectangular plan form and dimensions and volume; ceiling height;

• Thick, solid, load bearing, enclosing masonry walls with painted plastered internal finish; the west and north wall are external walls and the south and east walls are internal;

• Timber ceiling framing with painted lathe and plaster finish and deeply moulded cornices; the ceiling to the Reading Room is the floor structure to the First Floor above, which was altered in 2010 and incorporates elaborate steel support trusses that suspend and stabilise the floor;

• Timber floor boards (carpeted); an engineering report identified termite damage to the floor structure, which is notably creaky; further repair work is necessary;

• Moulded timber skirtings, with some termite damage, and architraves;

• Panelled timber doors;

• Elaborate arched timber-framed arched multi-pane, sliding sash windows;

• Marble fireplace surround.

2. Fixed Items and Joinery

This includes:

• Vestibule or airlock, with door removed;

• Fixed timber cabinets with glazed doors;

• Brass hanging rail;

• Central brass light fitting.



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3 Furniture, Contents and loose items

This includes:

• Artwork

• Books

• Tables and chairs

• Unfixed door from vestibule.

The Stage One report provides a survey of joinery, artwork and furniture. It observes the paintings to be hanging too high and at too great an angle with some supported on bookcases that house a rare book collection. It also reports on environmental factors that are fundamental to the display of historic artefacts, including light, humidity and dust, that affect the condition and longevity of works on display.

While humidity appeared satisfactory, light levels were considered excessive for artwork and rare books, resulting in deterioration.

3.2.3 Summary of Alterations and Additions (pg 34-36)

The Stage One report records the following changes to the Reading Room:

• 1875 – Vestibule turnstile with panelled door

• 1875 – New cedar lobby

• 1876 – Brass picture rail installed

• 1878 – Colouring of ceiling and walls

• 1892 – supply and fit of Venetian blinds

• 1985 - Closure of street entrance to Reading Room

- Timber book cases from library relocated to Reading Room. Timber cases modified

- Library books from library moved to Reading Room which originally did not contain books

- Small cedar desk and museum display cases relocated to Reading Room

- Reading Room plaster painted using colour scheme of pink walls, mouldings and cornice in two shades of green and ceiling rose in green and gold. Ceiling painted. (No evidence to support original choice of colours used pg 39)

- Reproduction brass light fitting installed.

- Additional large lights installed in ceiling

• 1991 – Part of ceiling collapsed and repaired and injected with an unspecified glue

• 1994 – Air-conditioning units installed

• 1997 – White ant damage detected in bookcases and treated in 1998.

• 2010 – Major water damage to interior front wall of Reading Room northern corner facing Murray Street. Deterioration of the wall was observed to be related to ingress of water from the balcony.

• 2010 – A structural engineering report recommended support to the masonry arch in fireplace to eliminate risk of hearth collapsing.

Of note is the major physical intervention of 1985, described in some detail in the Stage 1 report.



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3.2.4 Dilapidation and Condition

The following drawing provide an overview of the current status of the Reading Room’s condition:



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3.3 Internal Dilapidation Photographs

Figure 7: Cornice – north west corner Source: Flightpath Architects, 2014

Figure 8: Timber door leading to the original entry hallway Source: Flightpath Architects, 2014



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Figure 9: Damp above the original western entry with vestibule Source: Flightpath Architects, 2014

Figure 10: Eastern wall displaying cracking above the archway Source: Flightpath Architects, 2014



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3.4 North and West Elevation

3.4.1 West Elevation

The balcony was constructed in 1931 before the widespread use of improved damp proof courses or tanking materials. This may have resulted in the presence of some areas of leaks, damp and salt attack on the internal north and west walls.

Figure 11: West Elevation Source: Flightpath Architects, 2014

3.4.2 North Elevation

The north elevation has an array of air conditioning condensers, ducts and downpipes. Existing air-conditioning services throughout the Gawler Institute have been installed incrementally which has resulted in the arbitrary placement of ducts and condensers along the north elevation and the potential for leakage. Rainwater goods may also be contributing to ingress of water.

Figure 12: North Elevation Source: Flightpath Architects, 2014



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Figure 13: North Elevation Source: Flightpath Architects, 2014



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4.0 Statement of Cultural Significance

4.1 General Statement

The Statement of Cultural Significance forms the basis for Conservation Policy. For this reason the Stage Two report includes and reiterates all Statements of Significance prepared for the Gawler Institute and more recently the Reading Room.

The concept of cultural significance assists in identifying and assessing the qualities that make a place or object of value to the community. An understanding of the nature and degree of significance indicates where constraint is required with future work, and conversely, introduces flexibility by identifying aspects that can be developed with greater freedom.

Places likely to be considered of significance are those that provide an understanding of the past or enrich the present, and will be of value to present, or future, generations. Cultural significance encompasses all the values or meanings that a place may have to people beyond its utilitarian value, and can refer to the aesthetic, historical, scientific, or social value of a place.

4.2 Statements of Heritage Significance

The following section provides in entirety the Statement of Heritage Significance of the Gawler Institute in 1980, the subsequent Statement of Statement of Significance of the Gawler Institute in 2001 and the Statement of Heritage Value of the Reading Room itself in 2014.

4.2.1 Original Statement of Heritage Significance of the Gawler Institute (1980)

The Gawler Institute was assessed as part of the Gawler Heritage Survey in 1980. The survey concluded that:

Centre of literary, cultural and educational activities in Gawler for 100 years and made major contributions to culture in South Australia generally.

Foundation stone laid 13 April 1870 by Governor Fergusson. Architect (allegedly) James Martin; Building contractors Tardif and Deland (tender £3434) though final cost closer to £5000.

Stone for building given by Edward Clement and land for building by Thomas Martin and James Martin. Initial fund raised by huge art union display (main prizes were sections of land previously purchased for site for Institute) and by subscription from locals. Memorial front and new hall at rear added (after long agitation over proposed Memorial Hall) 1931. Stage and new hall rebuilt 1935. Renovation 1954/55, including painting of the facade with funds raised by the local Rotary Club.

Italianate style, walls of bluestone rubble with stucco dressings. Cast iron balustrade to portico at street level. Upper level has Tudor arches, lower level has semi-circular arches with moulded surrounds.

Only minor additions (1895) by Taylor and Forgie and renovations (1900).

4.2.2 Statement of Significance of the Gawler Institute (2001)

The assessment of heritage value undertaken by Phillips/Pilkington against Criteria of Section 16 of the Heritage Places Act (1993) found that the Gawler Institute met all criteria (a), (b), (c), (d), (e), (f) and (g):

(a) i t demonstrates important aspects of the evolut ion or pattern of the State’s history

The establishment of Gawler Institute demonstrates the Town of Gawler’s desire for culture, learning and self improvement. The building, through its continuous history and



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expansion and modification, reflects the growth of the Town of Gawler and the changing focus of people’s leisure activities since the building’s foundation. The building reflects the rise of importance of the Institute movement in South Australia and the vital role that Institutes played within the cultural life of communities.

(b) i t has rare, uncommon or endangered qual i t ies that are of cultural s ignif icance

With the dissolution of institutes within South Australia, many Institute buildings lost some, if not all, of their functions to purpose built library and Civic Centers. The Gawler Institute retains many of its original functions including library, meeting rooms and the performance venue which illustrates the role that Institutes played within communities. The interior scheme of the Reading Room dating from last century is largely intact and is a rare survivor of an institute Reading Room interior.

(c ) i t may y ie ld information that wi l l contr ibute to an understanding of the state’s history, including its natural h istory

The Gawler Institute demonstrates the central role of Institutes within the cultural life of South Australia up until the post war period.

(d) i t is an outstanding representat ive of a part icular c lass of places of cultural s ignif icance

The Gawler Institute is an outstanding example of an institute building retaining much of its integrity. The current library Reading Room strongly evokes the character of the original subscription library Reading Room. The institute library was one of the last within the state to be converted to a public library.

(e) i t demonstrates a high degree of creat ive, aesthet ic or technical accomplishment or is an outstanding representat ive of part icular construct ion techniques or design character ist ics

The Gawler Institute is a fine example of a Victorian ‘Free Classical’ style building with extensive stucco detailing and classical motifs such as the aedicules above the first floor Murray Street windows. The original design with its double porticos for two equal entries is unusual, reinforcing the building’s strong symmetry and providing a practical solution to accessing the diverse functions of the building. The conversion of the building to a Memorial Hall demonstrates am inventive integration of this classical style informed by and art deco sensibility. The building has important architectural elements such as the cast iron balustrading presented by James Martin, cast from the first iron produced in South Australia.

( f ) i t has strong cultural or spir i tual associat ions for the community or a group with in i t

The Gawler Institute has strong cultural associations with the people of Gawler. ‘The Literacy Institute….and its manifold activities are at the heart of any history of Gawler.’ (Whitelock, p.213) The building is a symbol of the people of Gawler’s community and civic spirit. The Institute was built on land donated and out of stone donated by prominent Gawler residents and friends of the town. The construction of the building was made possible by generous donations from Gawler residents. The upgrading of the building to a Memorial Hall in the 1930’s is testament to the fact that the community believed that the Institute building was an appropriate place to commemorate those who served and died in World War 1. The refurbishment of the building as a result of a Rotary Appeal in the 1950’s, funded entirely by donations, is a testament to the enduring importance of the Institute to the people of Gawler.



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(g) i t has a special associat ion with the l i fe or work of a person or organisat ion or an event of h istor ical importance

The Gawler Institute derives significance from it’s association with both events and people. The Gawler Institute committee from their earliest years, had a sphere of influence well beyond Gawler which is evidenced in the completion they set up for a patriotic ‘Song of Australia’ in 1859 more than 40 years before Federation. Two years later they organised a competition for the best History of South Australia which eventually led to Hodder’s History of South Australia being published. Both these competitions were significant for a young colony achieving a sense of identity. The Gawler institute has been associated with many significant people, with the majority of Gawler’s notable historical figures being strongly involved with either its foundation or development. James Martin, whose portrait graces the Library Reading Room, is one such character who is often referred to as the ‘Father of Gawler’. James Martin was involved in the foundation of the Institute, is credited with the building’s design , gave part of the land on which the building is built, donated a substantial sum of money for its erection and donated the cast iron balustrades that link the two entry porticos. He also acted as its President. Portraits of many early figures who contribute to the institute still hang in the Reading Room.

4.2.3 Statement of Heritage Value of the Reading Room (2014)

The Stage One report includes a Statement of Heritage Value of the Reading Room as follows: (page 40)

The Reading Room in the Gawler Institute building demonstrates important aspects of the evolution of the State's history, specifically the role of the Institute movement in the 19th century in aiding literacy, providing education and fostering an interest in the arts and sciences.

The Reading Room in the Gawler Institute has remained structurally intact and its function unchanged and so is one of the oldest Reading rooms to remain in continuous use in South Australia.

The Gawler Institute Reading Room evokes a sense of character and has retained much of its architectural and cultural significance and remains of high value to the citizens of Gawler.

In addition the Reading Room, through its archival, literary and artwork collections, is associated with a number of significant people and major historical events at a state and national level in south Australian and Australian history.

The Reading Room and its associated collections demonstrate important aspects of the role of philanthropy in 19th century South Australia and in fostering the development of significant scientific, literary, archival collections and artwork collections particularly with respect to the Gawler Institute.

The former library of the Gawler Institute which is now housed in the Reading Room remains one of the most culturally diverse and rare collections of literary works in the State.

The Reading Room as part of the former Gawler Institute is closely associated with a number of important milestones in the social and cultural history of the State with respect to leading the way in cultural expression, and the pursuit and development of a natural science collection with the establishment of the first museum in South Australia in 1860.

State Heritage listing reaffirms that the Gawler Institute and the Reading Room have played a vital role in the life of the Township of Gawler and the broader South Australian community.



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4.2.4 Stage Two: Conclusion

The above Statements of Heritage Value reaffirm that the Reading Room and the Gawler Institute as a whole are of State Heritage value.

The level of physical integrity of the Reading Room was affected by the 1985 refurbishment in a number of ways that are relevance as follows :

• Photographs taken in 1985 show that the interior had already changed from the original and provide some evidence of a modern interior, prior to the refurbishment, including shelving, light coloured walls and fluorescent lights. These were removed as part of the refurbishment, but suggest the level of intactness and integrity previously stated, should be re considered;

• The simple interior qualities and character of the Reading Room were altered through the introduction of relocated shelving, cabinets and contents from elsewhere in the Institute. While Stage One observes the joinery to be of significance, it also observes the joinery not to be original to the Reading Room.

• In plain terms, the Reading Room interior has become the repository for important joinery and contents. The Reading Room has through its history accommodated additional layers of furniture and contents, resulting in a lack of clarity of the original spatial qualities.



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4.3 Definition of Significant Fabric

The Reading Room exhibits the following characteristics:

• Enclosure;

• Spatial qualities;

• Visual Cohesiveness.

• Internal fabric, fixtures and fittings;

• Joinery/Furniture, Artwork and Contents;

4.3.1 Enclosure

The enclosure includes the enclosing walls, ceiling and floor constructed in 1871.

4.3.2 Spatial Qualities

The Reading Room enclosure continues to demonstrate the original configuration of the Reading Room and the adjoining spaces including the former library and the main hallway. The addition of joinery in the 1985 refurbishment has confused and diminished the original quality.

4.3.3 Connectivity

The physical and visual connectivity between the Reading Room and the former and current library provide an important reminder of the original layout and function. The strong relationship with Murray Street and the exterior are still evident.

4.3.4 Internal fabric, fixtures and fittings

Internal fabric of significance includes all original fabric including walling, timber floor framing and flooring, timber window frames and sashes, timber door frames and doors, glazing, first floor timber floor framing and ceiling lining, skirtings, cornices and architraves. Further investigation is required to fully understand the level of intervention and possible reconstruction that occurred with the 1985 refurbishment.

4.3.5 Joinery/Furniture, Artwork and Contents

The following drawing prepared by Flightpath includes commentary by Schumann and Associates, indicating the assessment of the significance of the joinery fittings and furniture of the Reading Room.

The following inventory concludes that none of the furniture in the Reading Room is original to the room but most is significant to the Gawler Institute, especially to the Library Room and Museum.



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#ioi 19th century display case survived from theGawler Museum 1870s 1st floor James Martin Rm.Not an original fixture in Reading Rm. Significant toInstitute building because of association withGawler Museum and Gawler Institute Collection

E01

J03 Not original to Reading Rm was first located in1870s Gawler Museum 1st Floor upstairs (JamesMartin Rm). Significant to other part of InstituteBuilding.#j04 Cedar turnstile/vestibule added in 1875 tocontrol entry to Reading Rm limit impact of weather

I'I.IIIk2

HIGHSTREET

1

IiMURRAYSTREET

FLOOR PLANE031:100


JFI I I

#J03

#J02 Bookshelf placed in Reading Rm in 1985 was modifiedand was originally in Subscription Library in adjacent room.Not an original fixture to the Reading Rm.Is significant but not original fitting in Reading Rm.

*#J03 Not original to Reading Rm

#J02

E02

#J05, #J07a, J06, #J07, #J08 Timber joinery northern wall all 20th

century additions not original Reading Rm furniture. Items notsignificant unless provenance can be proven that they were partof the Subscription Library could then be relevant to other roomsin Gawler Institute. Fireplace original and mantle and fender.

OPEN

E04

1:100#J02

#j07 #J

1:100


—í

HMuch of the internal joinery in the Reading Rm has been relocated from rooms in the Institute Building including the original Subscription Library, Gawler Museum andpossibly the 1" Floor School of Design. Items #JO1&J03; #J02 are significant because they were part of the 19th century fittings (though #J02 was modified in the 1980s).Items #J05; #J06,#J07,#J08 appear to have been added in the 20th century and are not original to Reading Rm. The marbled fireplace and mantle is original, the brass picturerail was added by James Martin in 1876 along with a number of significant paintings that were specifically donated to the Reading Room which in the late 19th and early 20th

century was also functioning as a gallery and display space. The long table is original although the original chairs shown in Coombe photo seem to have been replaced byBentwood Chairs. The two round cedar tables and balloon back chairs are original to the Reading Room. The light fittings are not original. The Honour Boards and NamePlaques are not original to the 191h century Reading Room.

KEY 1:750

PROPOSED GAWLER INSTITUTE& TOWN HALL LAYOUT SXD 28!OE/13

issuetrevisten: checked: I date:

52012 FLIOHTPATH ARCHITECTS PTY LTDSeEing out of the work to the reepons:OI:t5 of the contractor WIdimensions to betaken from the job Lhscrepandas to bereported immediately to the architect, This drwpr:g shall be readin conjunction vith the spacdoelion.

Flightpath Architects Pty Ltd

101 Hindley Street Adelaide SA 5000

T+61 882116 355 F+61 882116344

www.flightpatharchitects com.au

READING ROOM

Murray Street: Gawler SA 5118




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Figure 14: Proposed Gawler Institute and Town Hall Layout Source: Schumann and Associates, 2014

Figure 15: Schumann and Associates, Inventory of Gawler Institute Reading Room Joinery Fittings

Source: Schumann and Associates, 2014

Inventory List of Gawler Institute Reading Room Joinery Fittings

Table I

ItemJoinery

Museum case19th century SdrMahogany

Large bookcaseCathedral top 7drGlass doors Cedar& Pine additions

Reference

J#012004 x 1240 x610

J#026701x2607x360

J#03

Location

East Wall

Southern Wall

Status Comment

Museum Case191h century 5drMahogany

Revolving CedarEntry Vestibule1875

Bookshelf adjacententry stained wood

J#04

J#07a/J#071800X1130

Not original to Reading Rm but toMuseumHighly significant

Not original to Reading Rm but toadjoining Library RmHighly significant

Western Wall Not original to Reading Rm but toMuseumHighly significant

Western Wall Added to Reading Rm in 1875 as amodification to control weather.One of the few modifications tointernal structure.Significant

Northern Wall 20" century addition

Bookcase 3 shelvesExternal pine doorsInner Cedar shelving

Bookcase 3 shelvesExternal pine doorsinner Cedar shelving

J#05/J#061300X2553

J#081300X2553

Northern Wall

Northern Wall

201h century addition

20th century addition



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Conservation Management Plan for the Gawler Institute Reading Room 23


5.0 General Conservation Policies

5.1 Introduction

The objective of the following conservation policies is to assist with the conservation, maintenance and adaptation of the Gawler Institute Reading Room to ensure the retention of the remaining cultural significance of the place.

5.2 Definitions

For the purpose of these conservation principles, the following definitions from the Burra Charter will apply:

• Place means site, area, land, landscape, building or other work, group of buildings or other works, and may include components, contents, spaces and views.

• Fabric means all the physical material of the place. • Conservat ion means all the processes of looking after a place so as to retain its

cultural significance. • Maintenance means the continuous protective care of the fabric, contents and

setting of a place, and is to be distinguished from repair. Repair involves restoration and reconstruction and it should be treated accordingly.

• Preservat ion means maintaining the fabric of a place in its existing state and retarding deterioration.

• Restorat ion means returning the existing fabric of a place to a known earlier state by removing accretions or by re-assembling existing components without the introduction of new material.

• Reconstruct ion means returning a place as nearly as possible to a known earlier state and its distinguished by the introduction of materials (new or old) into the fabric. This is not to be confused with either recreation or conjectural reconstruction, which are outside the scope of this Charter.

• Adaptat ion means modifying a place to suit the existing use or a proposed use. • Use means the function of a place, as well as the activities and practices that may

occur at the place. • Compatible use means a use which involves no change to the culturally significant

fabric, changes that are substantially reversible, or changes which require a minimal impact.

5.3 Statutory Requirements

5.3.1 Heritage Places Act 1993

The Gawler Institute is included on the Register of State Heritage Items (File No. 10382). Development is, therefore, subject to guidelines and principles of the Heritage Places Act 1993.

5.3.2 Development Act 1993 (SA)

In relation to a State Heritage Place, the Development Act 1993 (SA) defines development as:

Part 1. 4 (e) In relation to a State heritage place – the demolition, removal,

conversion, alteration or painting of, or addition to, the place, or any other work that could materially affect the heritage value of the place.

All proposed works, if deemed to constitute development, are required to be referred to the Minister for Environment Water and Natural Resources by the relevant planning authority. In practice the Minister’s representations are based on the State Heritage Unit’s, (DEWNR) advice



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which, in turn, is generally guided by the Burra Charter.

The Development Act 1993 also states:

49. (14) An approval…will be undertaken to be given subject to the condition that, before any building work is undertaken, the building work be certified by a private certifier, or by some person determined by the Minister for the purposes of this provision, as complying with the provisions of the Building rules…

5.3.3 Work, Health and Safety Act, 2012 (SA).

This Act describes a general duty of care required of the owner of a building for the safe condition of that building for both building users and members of the public.

A full assessment of work, health and safety issues has not been undertaken as part of this report.

5.4 General Approach to Conservation Policy

The recommended approach to the conservation of the Reading Room is to:

• conserve the enclosing space and existing fabric;

• to retain and restore all elements of the structure that are considered culturally significant;

• adapt and upgrading the space as required to allow for ongoing and compatible new uses.

All original materials should be handled in a conservative manner and as much of the original fabric as possible retained during any conservation processes undertaken. This may require further detailed investigation.

The Reading Room enclosing structure, spatial quality and visual and physical internal and external connections should not be substantially altered and should be enhanced through the removal of non-original elements. While some adaptation of the building fabric may be possible, subject to appropriate further investigation, all work is to be preceded by consultation and the approval of the relevant authorities, particularly the State Heritage Unit (DEWNR).

Work should be undertaken in accordance with good conservation principles as established by the Burra Charter, reversible wherever possible, and carried out with minimal intervention to the original fabric. New work should use sympathetic materials and construction techniques that will not compromise the character of the place and possibly lessen its significance.

The impact of any proposed adaptation can only be fully assessed when future uses and accommodation requirements are identified in some detail, feasibility planning undertaken and the design of critical elements developed. This work should be undertaken in conjunction with suitably qualified conservation professional(s) and/or the State Heritage Unit. Development Approval will be required prior to the commencement of any development work to the space itself and the site in general.

The identification, and understanding, of appropriate methods of repair is important in protecting the significance of the fabric. The ongoing management of the Reading Room fabric should be reviewed to ensure ongoing conservation works are undertaken in accordance with approved practices and methods.

The objective of the conservation management policies that follow is to assist The Town of Gawler to maintain, preserve and adapt the space for new uses while retaining its cultural significance.



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5.5 The Gawler Institute Reading Room

The enclosing fabric and spatial qualities of the Reading Room, as with the whole of the Gawler Institute are considered significant. Previous alterations to the building and fabric overlay the original plan and add some complexity to the understanding of the place.

The policies are for the Reading Room interior but include some external considerations, which are important for long term conservation of the Reading Room interior. The policies aim to retain the cultural significance of the Reading Room.

5.5.1 Possible Alternative Future Uses

The survival of the Reading Room is a remarkable demonstration of continuous use of its original purpose. While the ongoing use of the Reading Room for its original intended purpose would be desirable, other complementary uses could be considered.

Future uses for the Reading Room should result in minimal change to original fabric and space.

Future uses for the Reading Room should be compatible, allowing for both short and long term use without compromise to the integrity of the original space.

Uses that promote the regular and ongoing presence of people, undertaking reasonably passive activity such as research and reading will afford the best protection, in terms of security and regular maintenance regimes.

The identification of new uses must be carefully considered to minimise the risk of reduction in cultural significance of the place.

The uses discussed below are not intended to be exhaustive, mutually exclusive, nor necessarily appropriate in combination. The selection and implementation of uses should be carefully considered to achieve a compatible mix that minimises physical overcrowding or fragmentation of the presentation of the place. It is recommended that any potential uses be investigated in detail through consultation with potential end users, the preparation of accommodation and activity briefs and feasibility studies which carefully consider the heritage implications of any changes.

Future uses should be selected with the significant characteristics of the Reading Room in mind. Proposed uses should also consider any relevant community or Council objectives that may impact on the building and surrounds.

The following possible complementary future uses have been considered briefly:

Return to or ig inal use as a Reading Room

The current use should be maintained within the Reading Room.

Original use including a community meeting area

The nature of the large room with central meeting table, with the possibility of external or internal access would support the use of community meeting room, provided the Reading room activities were not disturbed. This could occur through management of meeting times and possible out of hours access, subject to security. Original use with the inclusion of dig ita l faci l i t ies

Either partially or wholly, the space is suited to digital historic research and wireless internet to minimise disruption of original fabric and maintain original spatial quality.

5.5.2 Additions Policy

Any additions to or compartment within of the Reading Room could adversely affect the layout and volume of the original space and should be avoided or designed to a high architectural standard. This approach may not be appropriate. Redevelopment of the Gawler Institute in



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adjoining areas should integrate but not intrude within the space of the Reading Room. Of importance and relevance is that any requirement to support the floor above or below should not intrude into the space.

5.5.3 Removal of fabric and fixtures

The internal fabric and fixtures of the Reading Room including flooring, ceiling, cornices, skirtings, architraves, windows, doors and fireplace should be retained and conserved.

The conservation of the enclosing fabric will require the services of suitably qualified archivists and conservators to ensure the proper decanting of paintings, rare books and significant joinery and furniture occur in an orderly manner, avoiding any further damage.

The decanting strategy should also include appropriate orderly and catalogued storage in a controlled, secure environment, preferably within Gawler and a return strategy.

5.5.4 Reconstruction

Opportunities for reconstruction appear limited and should not detract from the spatial qualities of the room, nor the modern functioning of the associated Library spaces.

While the Stage One report and the 2001 Conservation Plan provide evidence of original layout of adjoining spaces, reconstruction or restoration of the adjoining spaces to the Reading Room to the original layout would appear to be impractical.

Reconstruction should only be undertaken where there is potential for significant improvement in the presentation and significance of the place.

Reconstruction is therefore not recommended.

5.5.5 Termites

Termite damage is evident in the joinery of the Reading Room. If not already in place, a regular termite inspection program of inspections and treatment, undertaken by a certified pest control company, experienced in heritage listed buildings, should be initiated. A non-invasive, regular and ongoing inspection regime should be introduced to detect any infestations at the earliest opportunity. Recommendations for treatment for the ongoing protection of the site should be sought from that company.

Future design work could provide suitably placed access hatches from sub floor spaces to allow non-invasive inspections.

All timber surfaces, including sub floor spaces, should be inspected by a pest control company to determine any damage. Inspections should concentrate initially on areas of high risk and those of limited use. Areas infrequently accessed are at risk of extensive damage by virtue of the fact that termite activity may continue unnoticed for longer periods of time. Particular attention should be paid to dark moist areas where termites are typically active.

Termite damage should generally be repaired in accordance with the timber repair policies outlined. Where possible damaged elements should be retained and made good.

5.5.6 Cracking and Structural Assessment

While apparently minor areas of cracking to masonry walls have been identified in some locations of the Reading Room, it is important that a comprehensive structural assessment of the Reading Room walls, floors and ceiling be undertaken including an Earthquake Assessment by a suitably qualified structural engineer, with experience in the performance of old buildings and an understanding of the principles of the Burra Charter.

Assessment in terms of current and relevant engineering codes may be impractical. The stabilisation techniques adopted for the first floor above the Reading Room provide a good



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demonstration of sensitive and innovative engineering design.

Repairs should be undertaken in such a way that there is no obvious patching on the walls and any new structure should not intrude within the Reading Room space.

Any re-occurring cracking should be monitored to provide information about seasonal movements and consequences for the structural integrity of the structure. If structural cracking or further evidence of movement occurs, a structural engineer should be engaged to review existing conditions and make recommendations for remedial actions.

Cracking is best monitored over at least twelve months to determine any seasonal movement patterns.

5.5.7 Painting

The painted surfaces may provide a record of any changes to the colour scheme used during various periods. Where paint is to be stripped back to the base material, it is to be proceeded by paint scrapes and recording of paint samples.

It is recommended that physical investigation of the paint colours should be undertaken.

The analysis of paint scrapes does not necessarily imply the re-introduction of earlier colours. These and any remnant decorative features should be recorded and used as a guide to understanding the way colour was applied, and help to make appropriate decisions about future colour schemes or revealing earlier decoration.

The choice of appropriate colour schemes for the buildings should relate to the policy for presentation and interpretation to be implemented. If returned to a known earlier layout and appearance, a colour scheme could reflect an appropriate colour scheme for that era. Colour schemes may also reflect a new configuration, use and appearance particularly if no clear evidence exists.

5.5.8 Timber Repairs

Materially unsound timbers should be repaired, particularly if a fixed element of the original enclosure. This approach need only be applied to original remaining timbers. New or replacement timbers may be replaced as required to match original. This policy need not apply to introduced joinery items that may be decanted. In such instance the repair of timber could be included in the scope of work of a conservator. Where individual timbers are rotted in cross section to a depth of less than 5 mm, the rotted material should be thoroughly scraped out. The member should be treated with suitable fungicide and built back up to its original dimension with a suitable epoxy filler, used strictly in accordance with manufacturer’s instructions, and properly bonded to its substrate.

Where individual structural timbers are rotted in cross section to a depth of greater than 5 mm but not more than 50% of the section dimension, the rotted material shall be thoroughly scraped out. The substrate should then be cut back to an even surface and a new piece of timber spliced in. Fixing shall be by means of a waterproof adhesive and countersunk brass or stainless steel screws of appropriate dimensions to suit the particular work. Screw heads should be filled with a suitable epoxy filler. The splice shall be planed and shaped back to match adjoining profiles. Joints shall be filled with a suitable epoxy filler. Where individual existing members are rotted in cross section greater than 50%, the rotted length shall be cut out and new timber shall be spliced onto the old as specified above. If rotting is extensive throughout the member, it should be replaced to match the existing.

Advice should be sought on structural timbers, especially flooring. Where structural joints are rotten to a degree as to be loose or no longer provide support, the joint shall be dismantled and reconstructed by splicing in new timber as specified as above. If possible the joint may be splinted to avoid dismantling.



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6.0 Specific Conservation Policies

6.1 Introduction

The following policies have been formulated to guide the ongoing conservation, adaptation and development of the Gawler Institute Reading Room. The policies take into account the practical requirements for the ongoing use of the site balanced with the need to retain its cultural significance.

All policies should be considered in conjunction with the general policies established in Section 5.

6.2 External Conservation Policies

6.2.1 The west elevation

Any work to the Reading Room should not occur until external sources of potential leaks and damp affected areas are attended to. This is relevant to the balcony, north elevation and south west corner of the building, at all levels.

Until such time as a major conservation project is contemplated, areas of missing or damaged pointing or render should be repaired where necessary with a lime mortar to match the original pointing.

The pointing should be of matching colour, texture and finish when dry to the original. The hardness of the finished pointing should also match the original. Cement rich mortars are inappropriate and should not be used. Any repairs should make a full assessment of the original mortar composition and use new mortar to match.

Where existing cement mortar or pointing is to be removed it should be done by hand. Power tools are not to be used. It will be necessary to replace some pointing periodically as salts retained within the masonry continue to crystallise in the mortar causing fretting.

6.2.2 The north elevation and south west corner

Service conduits, rain heads, downpipes, condensers, brackets and the like should be checked for leaks, removed if redundant and preferably rationalised before any plaster repair work commences in the Reading Room.

Sources of moisture ingress at the south west corner should be investigated, particularly at balcony level, ground floor paving, basement and where earlier downpipes have been removed.

Original fittings should be retained unless dangerous, causing deterioration to adjacent fabric, or their removal is required to allow for upgrade or additional works.

6.3 Internal Conservation Policies for the Reading Room

The policies below consider the retention and restoration of internal fabric.

The following policies do not include advice on materials conservation where related to artefacts or objects. This should provided by a specialist in this field. The policies are intended for the conservation of built fabric only.

6.3.1 Joinery/Furniture

Considerable joinery and furniture exists within the Reading Room. Much of the fixed joinery, while of historic significance to the Gawler Institute, is not original to the Reading Room.

Joinery items may be carefully removed, once a decanting strategy is devised as described in 5.5.3 above. Without removal of joinery, complete access for the conservation of the building



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fabric will not be possible.

All joinery and furniture in the Reading Room generally appears in reasonable condition for its age, with some previous areas of termite damage which has been identified.

Prior to removal of any joinery items, a representative photographic record should be prepared and retained.

Advice should be sought from suitably qualified materials conservators where specific assistance related to the removal of any artwork or books and conservation of any joinery or furniture to be removed from the Reading Room.

6.3.2 Contents

The joinery and furniture contained within the Reading Room includes numerous books and objects, which have not been assessed as part of this project. A strategy for assessment, recording, archiving and safe removal and possible return of some of the contents should be undertaken by a professional to ensure proper management, safe storage and preservation of non-digital records.

6.3.3 Paintings and artwork

The condition of the existing paintings and artwork were assessed as part of the Stage One report. It was found that the lighting, positioning and angle of the paintings has caused degradation to many of the artworks. 5

The Stage One report suggests that the ‘works should be immediately removed from the walls and sent for conservation and cleaning and a new hanging or display system instituted.’ 6

6.3.4 Timber Floors

Timber floors in the Reading Room are generally creaking, with any previous areas of repair concealed beneath current floor coverings. An engineering report has previously identified the need for further investigation, termite damage repair and strengthening.

Timber boards and floor structure should be regularly inspected to determine the presence of any damage. Where necessary, timbers and boards should be repaired or replaced to match existing species, colour and width.

Any of the timber floors damaged or considered to be unsafe should be repaired and treated as indicated in Timber Repairs 5.5.8.

6.3.5 Walls and Plastering

The walls and plaster demonstrate areas of falling damp and possible salt attack evident on the western, northern and southern walls. There is minor cracking above the arch between the Reading Room and the library, which should be investigated.

Prior to repair of plaster, the source of all leaks, falling damp and salt attack should be identified.

The existing render or plaster finish and detailing of the walls should be retained where possible. Where plaster or render has deteriorated, it should be removed and replaced with plaster or render of an equivalent mix to match the original texture and finish. Mouldings should be re-run where required to match original profiles. Where later surfaces are removed any damaged plaster areas should be repaired to a smooth surface and finished to match original.

5 Schumann, pg 43 6 Schumann, pg 44



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6.3.6 Ceilings and cornices

The ceiling and cornices, including vents should be stabilised and made good as required. The injection of epoxy resins may be used to assist in their retention. Cracks should be carefully raked out, filled and flushed. Care should be taken to ensure joints are carefully flushed.

6.3.7 Mouldings

All extant original mouldings should be retained and maintained as necessary in their current configuration. Where extant, original skirtings, architraves, reveals, doors, windows and frames should be maintained as required to ensure their conservation and presentation.

Where necessary, particularly damaged material should be removed and replaced with timber matching in texture and detail. Good quality, seasoned second hand timber should be used. The finish should be reinstated to match the original.

Generally, repairs to joinery should be undertaken to retain the original appearance with minimum intervention to the original fabric. Doors should be repaired as necessary as described in Section 6.3.9.

6.3.8 Access

The Stage One reports the vestibule was constructed in 1875. In Stage Two, there has been some consideration that the vestibule in its current form is not the original, rather a 1985 reconstruction. It is recommended that this be verified through checking of the documentation records of the Architects engaged to undertake the 1985 works. At the time of preparing Stage two, these could not be accessed. Further discussion is recommended to occur with the Contractors who undertook the 1985 works. Alternatively the advice of a suitably qualified expert in timber and timber detailing should be sought to fully inform further actions.

6.3.9 Doors & Windows

Doors and windows are generally in sound condition with some minor modern modifications, generally in relation to new hardware.

Where glass, timber sashes or sash cords are broken or missing they should be replaced and the windows made operational, or adapted to adequately satisfy energy considerations. The advice of a suitably qualified mechanical services contractor should be sought.

Where original door hardware is missing it should be replaced to match existing hardware on similar doors. If matches cannot be found then replacements should be as close as possible to the existing sizes and configurations.

Other items of door and window hardware such as sash pulls and locks should be retained where original or replaced where missing.

Any new hardware or furniture installed on doors or windows should be of contemporary and discrete design and easily removed with minimal damage to the original fabric.

6.3.10 Fireplace and Surrounds

The fireplace should be retained and maintained, ensuring that original elements such as the marble surrounds, slate hearths, cast iron grates, fender and finishes are conserved.

6.4 Services

It is recommended that the existing electrical, mechanical and hydraulic services be audited for compliance with current codes and standards. This would include a review of their condition and any requirements for upgrade.

Services may be upgraded as required to suit ongoing use of the place and proposed future



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uses, provided the uses are long term and the upgrading is viable. Replacement of individual items may be undertaken as required; however, wholesale replacement should be avoided. Upgrading of services should be undertaken to minimise disruption to existing significant fabric. All work should be reversible with minimum impact on the fabric.

6.4.1 Electrical, Power and Data

The condition of the existing electrical services throughout the place was not assessed as part of this report.

Additional electrical services should minimise impact on the original fabric. New wiring should be installed in surface-mounted conduits painted in with surrounds. Any new power outlets should be practically, yet unobtrusively, located as possible. Allow for power to be located within the floor structure to ensure the adaptability of the future use of the Reading Room. Any obsolete conduits or accessories should be rationalised and removed. Reproduction-style switches and power point covers are not recommended.

6.4.2 Lighting

An expert light consultant should be sought once the future use of the room has been established.

The installation of any additional lighting should be undertaken in a manner that does not impact on the original fabric. It should be clearly contemporary. The chasing of electrical cabling into original fabric, or its direct attachment to the fabric should be avoided. It may be acceptable to replace existing luminaires with similar fittings using existing fixing points.

Stage One report observed the importance of appropriate light levels for galleries exhibiting historic artworks and rare, fragile, leather bound books to be installed urgently in the Reading Room should it continue to accommodate key aspects of the Gawler Heritage Collection.

6.4.3 Hydraulic services

In the event that the building use changes, additional toilet facilities may need to be upgraded.

While seemingly obvious, it is strongly recommended that toilet facilities not be introduced within the Reading Room as has occurred to the first floor above. These have added to the floor load of the floor supporting the Reading Room ceiling, requiring complex structural work, that potentially could have impacted on the Reading Room space.

Future works should be carefully considered and planned in association with a qualified heritage professional to avoid adverse impacts.

6.4.4 Fire services

The condition of the existing fire services throughout the place was not assessed as part of this report.

The installation of any additional fire services should be undertaken in a manner that does not impact on the original fabric. Should additional fire services be required, or for other future uses, these services should be carefully integrated to minimise visual and physical impact on the original fabric.

6.4.5 Air-conditioning services

Modern air-handling plant can be particularly difficult to accommodate and conceal in a significant building of this nature without damage to original fabric. The installation of any additional services should be undertaken in a comprehensive, holistic manner that considers the whole building and does not impact on the original fabric. Mechanical services should also take into account the required display conditions for historic artworks and books, should they be



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returned after conservation works are completed. The installation of new air conditioning services should be undertaken by a suitably qualified mechanical consultant, with experience in heritage buildings.

6.5 Management Policies

To assist with the ongoing use of the place, it is recommended that a management plan be prepared. This should include all relevant associated issues, including business, marketing and interpretation plans.

Following the identification of conservation issues (this document) and possible specific uses for the Reading Room it will be necessary for individual business plans to be formulated and financial models to be created. These will assist with the assessment of the viability of proposed uses, and guide decision making about whether those uses should ultimately be implemented or not.

Broad management strategies should include the development of a set of clear policy guidelines to direct future conservation, management, interpretation and operation of the site.

6.5.1 Ownership

Ownership of the site currently lies with the Town of Gawler. Sponsorship could be considered to assist with the ongoing conservation work.

6.5.2 Occupational Health, Safety & Welfare

The property is covered by the OHS&W Regulations of 1995, which set out the general principles and provide the practical steps which should be followed in order to prevent injuries and illness at work. The regulations should be read in conjunction with the OHS&W Act and are legally binding.

It is recommended that an OHS&W audit be undertaken throughout the Gawler Institute at regular intervals to determine any potentially unsafe work practices and any issues or areas requiring attention. This is particularly relevant if the space is to be further opened to the general public.

Any changes to the fabric should be discussed with an appropriate expert before proceeding with works.

6.5.3 Building Code Compliance

Any upgrade work undertaken throughout the place should comply with the requirements of the Building Code of Australia. This is particularly relevant to access and egress and fire safety requirements. While these requirements will not be onerous for a building of this size, consideration could be given to implementing an audit to determine whether any aspects of the current Building Code are not being met. The upgrade of any areas should only be undertaken following liaison and advice from DEWNR Heritage Branch. As a heritage listed site the building may be given appropriate dispensation from meeting the full requirements of the Code where the heritage value will be affected.

6.5.4 Disabled Access

Two issues need consideration when assessing accessibility. These include the Building Code and relevant standards which establish physical requirements for achieving complying access. When considering heritage listed buildings it is sometimes possible to obtain dispensations where compliance with the codes and standards will adversely impact on the original fabric of the buildings, and consequently impact on its significance. A common sense approach must be taken, reaching acceptable compromises from both sides.



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The other issue requiring consideration is the Disability Discrimination Act. The DDA requires equality of access for all, with the implication that those with mobility restrictions should not be discriminated against.

In order that these issues be addressed it is recommended that a certified access consultant be engaged to undertake an access audit of the site and prepare recommendations for the necessary modifications. It will be necessary for these recommendations to be tempered with analysis against development requirements for the site and the significance of the impacted fabric.

A significant issue for Council could occur with re-activation of the original Reading Room entrance, which is raised from the public footpath and external area and does not satisfy equitable access requirements. Design proposals for the Reading Room and Institute in general should consider consequences arising from the reactivation of the original public entrance.

6.5.5 Security

An upgrade to the security system should occur with the future upgrade to the Gawler Institute. If the room becomes accessible after hours a CCTV system should be discreetly installed so as not to detract from the appearance of the Reading Room.

6.5.6 Interpretation

The long term preservation of a heritage place “is achieved not solely by conservation activity but by giving the place meaning within the life of contemporary communities.” Long term preservation depends on the support of the public and that support is only forthcoming if the place is valued. To be fully valued, its significance must be understood and good interpretation leads to that understanding. Without interpretation, heritage places risk becoming meaningless and an understanding of human history is lost.

In addition, interpretation provides:

• A tool for visitor management. • A catalyst for economic and cultural activity. • A value-adding product in the tourism industry.

The benefits of well designed and implemented interpretation include:

• Enhancing the visitors’ enjoyment of the place. • Raising the value of the place in the eyes of local residents and visitors. • Promoting the conservation of the place. • Enhancing the economic viability of the place. • Providing a framework for management of the place. •

As an operational place, the preparation of an interpretation plan is not necessarily required. However, should the function of the place change in the future, it is recommended that an interpretation plan be prepared for the site. This should be undertaken in conjunction or liaison with experienced heritage professionals with the capacity to comment and advise on the suitability of proposed interpretation techniques which must at all times be consistent with good conservation practise. Stakeholders and volunteers should be consulted during the preparation of the interpretive plan.

The interpretation plan should endeavour to present the place in an informative, engaging and educational manner, with a consistency of style and approach throughout the site. Interpretation strategies should be designed to cater for varying levels of interest and viewer age.



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7.0 Recommendations

7.1 Priorities

Appropriate professional direction and supervision should be maintained at all stages of work on the building. All necessary development and building approvals should be obtained prior to work commencing.

The following table indicates the recommended time frame for the execution of recommended conservation works.

High Priority: Undertake as soon as possible, ideally within 6-12 months. Non-attention may lead to ongoing and rapid deterioration of identified fabric.

Medium Priority Undertake within 12 – 36 months. Non-attention will result in ongoing deterioration of the fabric.

Low Priority: Undertake within 5 years. Non-attention may result in ongoing slow deterioration of identified fabric.

7.2 Recommendations

It is recommended that conservation work should be undertaken to the Reading Room and associated external fabric as prioritised in the following order:

High Priority: External works • Resolution of any potential leaks from balcony • Rationalisation of exposed services on northern wall and

south west corner and checking for leaks in any services or gutters/downpipes and redundant pipework

High Priority Internal Works Devise strategy for the careful recording and decanting of artwork and contents to allow for its storage and conservation while internal conservation works occur. Strategy to include consideration of future use of Reading Room or returning to original purpose with some contemporary digital function. This will necessitate consideration of a suitable return policy once conservation of artefacts has occurred.

High Priority: Internal conservation works • Remove non original fixtures including lights • Determine status of vestibule • Reinstate hanging system • Patch repair damp affected walls • Patch all wall and ceiling cracks • Repair all timber • Structural works to floor • Paint all existing painted surfaces • Electrical wiring/power/data



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7.3 Summary

The policies described and discussed in this Stage 2 document are intended to assist in the determination of a future vision for the Reading Room. The policies recommend and rely upon a distinction being agreed between the enclosing, immovable fixed building fabric, that requires urgent conservation, and the significant but unfixed contents and introduced joinery items, which require removal in order to undertake conservation work of the room enclosure. Further investigation is required to be undertaken with the vestibule and specialist archivists and conservators will be required to advise on the appropriate decanting of items and joinery. The suggested policies and future uses are intended to retain and enhance the simple spatial qualities of the Reading Room and its connectedness to the Library, natural light and Murray Street. The intensive 1985 refurbishment has resulted in the overcrowded appearance of the Reading Room. By carefully decanting joinery items that were introduced to the Reading Room in 1985, and by returning restored artwork and central reading table, it is considered that a less cluttered and more original appearance will be recovered. It is concluded that removal of added layers will potentially recover the qualities and simplicity of the original space providing a dignified and authentic vision for the Reading room.



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Selected Bibliography

Books

The Australia ICOMOS Charter for the Conservation of Places of Cultural Significance (The Burra Charter). Icomos Australia, Sydney, 1981.

Kerr, J.S. The Conservation Plan: A Guide to the Preparation of Conservation Plans for Places of Cultural Significance. The National Trust of Australia (N.S.W), Sydney, 1985.

Unpubl ished Reports and Theses

Schumann & Associates Heritage Consultants. Gawler Reading Rom Heritage Project Report. Unpublished Report for the Town of Gawler, 2014.

Phillips Pilkington. Gawler Institute Conservation Plan. Unpublished Report for the Town of Gawler, 2001.

Online

www.gawler.nowandthen.net.au, accessed 23rd February 2015.



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89 Murray Street, GawlerPO Box 130, Gawler 5118Tel 08 8522 9211Fax 08 8522 9212Email [email protected]

The Gawler Connect project affords the township, the region and Council the unique opportunity to incorporate economic drivers that will;

• Create primary employment(employment in the activities directlyrelated to Gawler Connect project –

– Primary job estimates at 5 FTE,4 PTE and 50 Volunteers,

– Secondary flow on jobs (accommodation and food – estimated at 75 FTE, 40 PTE and Casuals) and

– Tertiary jobs, through new businesses being attracted to the region because of the cultural ‘ambience’ and business opportunity estimated at 250 FTE, 75 PTE and casuals.

• Drive the creation of wealth.

• Create sustainable revenuegrowth for the Town of Gawler.

• Grow local social capital.

• Increase volunteerism.

• Create an iconic architectural andperforming and visual arts activityspace of local, state and nationalsignificance.

• Create a destination for tourists,visitors and locals (increasing themarket segment that already comesto Gawler and attracting newmarket segments).

• Create a unique offering that is ofsignificant regional benefit.

• Increase Gawler’s attractivenessfor investment.

• Strengthen ‘brand’ Gawler and theidentity of Gawler as a RegionalDistrict Centre.

Gawler Connect will showcase successful adaptive reuse of heritage listed buildings. Renovations to the historic buildings will focus on sustainable and progressive design technology, using low carbon building materials and installation of energy efficient products. Gawler Connect will not increase Council’s carbon footprint.

Gawler Connect has been submitted for joint funding from the Australian Government’s National Stronger Regions funding scheme.

CELEBRATING

S O U T H A U S T R A L I A

175Y E A R S

2 0 1 4

A liveAble, cohesive, Active, innovAtive And sustAinAble community.







A liveable, cohesive, active, innovative and sustainable community.


A liveAble, cohesive Active, innovAtive sustAinAble

Gawler connect



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gawler connectgawler connect

‘Gawler Connect’ is our Communities most significant investment in stimulating economic growth and job creation to prepare Gawler (and the greater region of Gawler), to meet the challenges as outlined in the Australian Government’s Intergenerational Report.

Gawler’s State Heritage Listed Town Hall and Institute buildings are soon to become a significant hub for government, economic, cultural and social enterprise. Major redevelopment of these two iconic buildings will act as the renaissance and catalyst for the Gawler CBD to be restored to the once prosperous business and cultural district centre it was designed by Colonel William Light to be in 1834.

Gawler Connect is the culmination of many years of consultation with our residential and business community. We Have met with and listened to key stakeholders and local business leaders; we have explored our role and our future in a regional, State and national context.

Gawler Connect will return the Institute and Town Hall to the literary, cultural and educational centre of Gawler. Central to this redevelopment will be the refurbishment of the historic Institute Building into a multipurpose venue that will attract large public events, local and regional art and cultural exhibitions.

The notion to include within the Gawler Connect project a Regional Art Museum/Gallery and premier performing arts’ facility has considerable viability based on interstate research and studies into the efficacy of such community infrastructure and community centred business activities.

A unique aspect of this project is our partnering with the award winning Tandanya, to establish an Aboriginal Contemporary Dance theatre, Aboriginal Art Gallery and Aboriginal Café to support cultural development, employment opportunities, hospitality training and serve locally grown, native foods (A horticultural training project with a local secondary school). You may well be aware Tandanya National Aboriginal Cultural Institute is of national significance and a South Australian success story.

The Regional Gallery will also house the recently restored and nationally significant Gawler Heritage Collection.

A Regional Smart Library will be located on the ground floors of the Institute and Town Hall buildings and will incorporate the restoration of the Heritage Reading Room.

Gawler is the first community in the Greater Adelaide Region to have the National Broadband Network (NBN) fibre optic cable installed. High speed digital technology infrastructure is being connected to every street, to every business and home, and to every school and premise in Gawler.

Launching off the NBN, Gawler will establish a Regional Digital Business Hub as an integral component of Gawler Connect. This will be a unique space for people to come together to network, learn, and teach. It will be a connected space, to accelerate local businesses understanding of and participation in the global digital economy.

Gawler Council in partnership with the Australian Government through the Digital Local Government Program (DLGP) will use the capability provided through the DLGP to establish the regions only Digital Business Hub. This centre will train and educate young entrepreneurs, start-up businesses and provide for ‘hot desking’ for the public sector and regional businesses. This Hub will join a global network of Hubs and create jobs and opportunity for wealth creation from the digital economy.

Gawler Council is situated within a region of significant disadvantage and was one of the first councils in Australia to adopt the ‘Work for the Dole Scheme.’ Youth unemployment is significantly higher in Gawler than in most areas of South Australia and the worker participation rate must be improved. Our situation is certain to be exacerbated by the impending closure of GM Holden Manufacturing in nearby Elizabeth. Gawler Connect will alleviate local unemployment and provide real education, training and employment pathways for members of the community.

MeSSaGe FroM tHe MaYor

InVeStMent, JoBS, cUltUre, coMMUnItY

The recent endorsement and release of the Gawler Community Plan is the crystallisation of the consultation. A strategic vision for how we see our community in ten years’ time. A clear set of measurable objectives and actions that will meet the aspirations of our community.

The centre piece of this Plan is Gawler Connect.

I invite you to join us and champion our cause as both Council and the community share this journey of renaissance, adaptive reuse and repurposing, as we prepare our community for the next fifty years, during a time of challenging, but exciting change.

Mayor Karen Redman



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GAWLER INSTITUTE AND TOWN HALL

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