Family planning

Family planning

Family planningLesson plan (Polish)Lesson plan (English)

Link to lesson

Before you start you should know

female reproductive cells are formed in the ovaries;the child's development before birth takes place in the uterus;the ovaries produce sex hormones under the influence of the pituitary hormone.

You will learn

to describe the natural and artificial methods of birth control.

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Nagranie dźwiękowe dotyczące rozwoju i zdrowia człowieka

Family planning

Prospective parents, when deciding to conceive a child, should be prepared to perform oneof the most important roles of their lives. It involves responsibility for the child from themoment of its conception. In order not to become parents by accident, it is worthconsulting a gynecologist who will present methods of birth control. They are divided intonatural and artificial ones. Natural methods are based on the observation of the woman'ssexual cycle and the accompanying symptoms on the basis of which fertile and infertile dayscan be determined. These methods allow the woman to know how her body functions.However, the irregularity of cycles and factors such as illness, physical exertion, and stresscan disrupt the functioning of the body, disturb the course of the cycle and change the dateof ovulation. For these reasons, natural methods are unreliable.

Source: h�ps://unsplash.com/, domena publiczna.

Family planning

http://www.epodreczniki.pl/reader/c/177023/v/38/t/student-canon/m/if1qh87mqQ#if1qh87mqQ_d5e254

https://epodreczniki.pl/audio/RuDcbdy4O95Bo

Body Temperature Changes in the Menstrual CycleSource: Tomorrow Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY 3.0.

Exercise 1

Based on the illustra�on of "Body Temperature Changes in the Menstrual Cycle", determinehow the ovula�on affects the temperature of the woman's body

it results with a sudden drop in temperature immediately after ovulationit results with a slow reduction in temperature between ovulation and menstruationit results with a sudden increase in temperature immediately after ovulationit results with a slow increase in temperature between ovulation and menstruation

Knowing the length of individual menstrual cycles during the last six months, it is possible to calculate in whichdays of the next cycle the probability of becoming pregnant will be the highest.Source: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.

When determining the days in which intercourse is likely to lead to pregnancy, thepresence of a viable ovum and sperm life in the woman's reproductive tract should beconsidered. The ovum is capable of fertilization for 24‐48 hours. Sperm in femalereproductive tracts lives for 3‐4 days. Therefore, fertilization may occur when sexualintercourse occurred up to 4 days before ovulation and up to 2 days after ovulation.

If ovulation falls on the 14th day of the cycle, then pregnancy can occur between the 10thand 16th day. In the case of irregular menstrual periods, the length of the shortest andlongest cycle in the last six months is taken into account. 11 days are deducted from thelongest cycle and 18 days from the shortest. The numbers obtained indicate the days of thecycle between which conception is very likely.

Type of methodThe way to prevent pregnancy – refraining from intercoursewhen

thermaldaily body temperature measurements (in the case of fullhealth) just before ovulation show a temperature drop of0.2‐0.3°C, followed by an increase of 0.3‐0.4 degrees.

symptomaticmucus secreted by the cervix observed over the next days issticky and stretchy.

thermal‐symptomaticat least 2 indicators of fertility confirm that the woman enteredthe fertile period.

Artificial methods consist in applying measures that interfere with the functioning ofa woman's body. They can change the course of the menstrual cycle, prevent sperm from

entering the female genital tract, destroy sperm, impede fertilization or prevent theimplantation of the embryo in the uterus. Studies show that the most effective are hormonalcontraceptives. Their use should be under strict medical supervision, as they may causeside effects and various ailments, also outside the reproductive system.

Contracep�vesSource: Nadina Wiórkiewicz, Autor nieznany, Ceridwen, Tomorrow Sp. z o.o., hsedolivia, h�p://commons.wikimedia.org, licencja:CC BY-SA 2.0.

Contraceptives The principle

condomA rubber barrier preventing the sperm from entering the uterus; italso limits the risk of sexually transmitted diseases.

cervical cap A rubber barrier preventing the sperm from entering the uterus.

spermicidesNeutralize sperm and also contain agents protecting against sexuallytransmitted diseases.

intrauterinedevice

Prevent the implantation of the embryo in the uterus.

hormonallyactive agents

Contain hormones that mainly prevent the maturation of ovarianfollicles.

Task 1

What are the advantages and disadvantages of natural and ar�ficial methods of contracep�on?

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Exercise 2

Complete the text.

cervix, doctor, birth, temperature

The natural methods of ...................... control consist in the observa�on of changesaccompanying the woman's sex cycle. Based on symptoms such as body ...................... change orchange in the mucus proper�es secreted by the ......................, fer�le and infer�le days can bedetermined. However, these methods can be unreliable - according to the current state ofknowledge, the use of hormonal contracep�ves is considered the most effec�ve method ofpreven�ng pregnancy. However, due to the possibility of undesirable effects, the use of theseagents is possible only a�er prior consulta�on with a .......................

Exercise 3

Move the names of contracep�on to the appropriate group

hormonal contracep�on, use of cervical caps, use of condoms, use of intrauterine devices,symptoma�c method, thermal and symptoma�c method, use of spermicides, thermal method

Natural methods:

Ar�ficial methods:

Summary

Estrogens and progesterone affect the uterus, preparing it for embryo implantation.

How was this lesson? Did you like it? Finish selected sentences.

How was this lesson? Did you like it? Finish selected sentences.

Homework

Task 2.1

Analyze the change in hormone levels in the woman's sexual cycle. Specify the date ofovula�on. Determine if the egg cell has been fer�lized in this cycle. Jus�fy your answer withone argument.

Hormonal regula�on of the menstrual cycleSource: Tomorrow Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY 3.0.

Keywords

methods of contraception, contraception, ovulation

Glossarycontracep�on


Nagranie dźwiękowe słówka contraception

antykoncepcja – metody zapobiegające zajściu w ciążę; polegają na niedopuszczaniu dozapłodnienia lub zagnieżdżania się zapłodnionej komórki jajowej w macicy

a period of rela�ve infer�lity


Nagranie dźwiękowe słówka a period of relative infertility

okres względnej niepłodności – okres, który trwa od początku menstruacji do kilku dnipo niej, kiedy jajeczkowanie nie powinno mieć miejsca; jednak z powodu zaburzeń cyklupłciowego może dojść do uwolnienia gotowej do zapłodnienia komórki jajowej

ovarian follicle


Nagranie dźwiękowe słówka ovarian follicle

pęcherzyk jajnikowy – wytwarzany w jajniku pęcherzyk zawierający komórkę jajową

ovula�on


Nagranie dźwiękowe słówka ovulation

https://epodreczniki.pl/audio/R1Nc0GkgS6tvO

https://epodreczniki.pl/audio/RgWNn5eA8WZum

https://epodreczniki.pl/audio/R1K97tvVEF7ze

https://epodreczniki.pl/audio/R1exSAz0JFvCo

owulacja – inaczej jajeczkowanie; uwolnienie dojrzałej komórki jajowej z pęcherzykajajnikowego

Lesson plan (Polish)

Temat: Planowanie rodziny

Autor: Leokadia Stalewicz

Adresat

Uczniowie klasy VII szkoły podstawowej

Podstawa programowa

Wymagania ogólne

IV. Rozumowanie i zastosowanie nabytej wiedzy do rozwiązywania problemów biologicznych.Uczeń:

1) interpretuje informacje i wyjaśnia zależności przyczynowo‐skutkowe między zjawiskami,formułuje wnioski;

Wymagania szczegółowe

III. Organizm człowieka

12. Rozmnażanie i rozwój. Uczeń:

2) opisuje fazy cyklu miesiączkowego kobiety.

Ogólny cel kształcenia

Uczeń poznaje naturalne i sztuczne metody regulacji poczęć

Kompetencje kluczowe

porozumiewanie się w językach obcych;kompetencje informatyczne;umiejętność uczenia się.

Kryteria sukcesuUczeń nauczy się:

opisywać naturalne i sztuczne metody regulacji poczęć.

Metody/techniki kształcenia

podającepogadanka.

aktywizującedyskusja.

programowanez użyciem komputera;z użyciem e‐podręcznika.

praktycznećwiczeń przedmiotowych.

Formy pracy

praca indywidualna;praca w parach;praca w grupach;praca całego zespołu klasowego.

Środki dydaktyczne

e‐podręcznik;zeszyt i kredki lub pisaki;tablica interaktywna, tablety/komputery.

Przebieg lekcji

Przed lekcją

Uczniowie zapoznają się z treścią abstraktu. Przygotowują się do pracy na lekcji w takisposób, żeby móc przeczytany materiał streścić własnymi słowami i samodzielnierozwiązać zadania.

Faza wstępna

Nauczyciel podaje temat, cele lekcji i kryteria sukcesu sformułowane w językuzrozumiałym dla ucznia.

Faza realizacyjna

Nauczyciel omawia naturalne metody kontroli poczęć, korzystając z zasobów z lekcji„Planowanie rodziny” w e‐podręczniku i wyjaśnia w jaki sposób można wyznaczyćtermin owulacji metodą termiczną lub przy pomocy obserwacji śluzu wydzielanegoprzez szyjkę macicy.Nauczyciel zapoznaje uczniów z metodą wyliczania dni płodnych w przypadkuregularnych cykli 28‐dniowych oraz w przypadku cykli nieregularnych. Drugiz wymienionych przypadków prowadzący objaśnia korzystając z infografikiprezentującej przykład zastosowania tej metody.Nauczyciel wyjaśnia czym są sztuczne metody regulacji poczęć, podając ich przykłady..

Nauczyciel dzieli klasę na grupy liczące po 5‐6 osób. Każda grupa, pracując metodąmetaplanu, ma za zadanie ocenić zalety i wady naturalnych i sztucznych metod regulacjipoczęć (polecenie 1 z lekcji w e‐podręczniku). Dokonując oceny metod uczniowiepowinni bazować na wiadomościach z lekcji.Nauczyciel inicjuje krótką dyskusję podsumowującą pracę w grupach. Każda grupaw trakcie dyskusji przedstawia efekty wspólnej pracy.Uczniowie, pracując indywidualnie lub w parach, wykonują ćwiczenia interaktywnesprawdzające i utrwalające wiadomości poznane w czasie lekcji. Wybrane osobyomawiają prawidłowe rozwiązania ćwiczeń interaktywnych. Prowadzący uzupełnia lubprostuje wypowiedzi podopiecznych.

Faza podsumowująca

Nauczyciel krótko przedstawia najważniejsze zagadnienia omówione na zajęciach.Odpowiada na dodatkowe pytania podopiecznych i wyjaśnia wszelkie ich wątpliwości.Uczniowie uzupełniają notatki.

Praca domowa

Odsłuchaj w domu nagrania abstraktu. Zwróć uwagę na wymowę, akcent i intonację.Naucz się prawidłowo wymawiać poznane na lekcji słówka.Przeanalizuj na wykresie zmiany poziomu hormonów w cyklu płciowym kobiety. Określtermin owulacji. Ustal, czy w tym cyklu doszło do zapłodnienia komórki jajowej.Uzasadnij swoją odpowiedź, podając jeden argument..

W tej lekcji zostaną użyte m.in. następujące pojęcia oraznagrania

Pojęcia

contracep�on










ovarian follicle




ovula�on




Teksty i nagrania



Family planning

Prospective parents, when deciding to conceive a child, should be prepared to perform oneof the most important roles of their lives. It involves responsibility for the child from themoment of its conception. In order not to become parents by accident, it is worthconsulting a gynecologist who will present methods of birth control. They are divided intonatural and artificial ones. Natural methods are based on the observation of the woman'ssexual cycle and the accompanying symptoms on the basis of which fertile and infertile dayscan be determined. These methods allow the woman to know how her body functions.However, the irregularity of cycles and factors such as illness, physical exertion, and stress




can disrupt the functioning of the body, disturb the course of the cycle and change the dateof ovulation. For these reasons, natural methods are unreliable.



Artificial methods consist in applying measures that interfere with the functioning ofa woman's body. They can change the course of the menstrual cycle, prevent sperm fromentering the female genital tract, destroy sperm, impede fertilization or prevent theimplantation of the embryo in the uterus. Studies show that the most effective are hormonalcontraceptives. Their use should be under strict medical supervision, as they may causeside effects and various ailments, also outside the reproductive system.


Lesson plan (English)

Topic: Family planning

Author: Leokadia Stalewicz

Target group

7th‐grade students of elementary school

Core curriculum

General requirements

IV. Reasoning and applying the acquired knowledge to solving biological problems. Student:

1) interpret information and explain causal relationships between phenomena, formulateconclusions.

Specific requirements

III. The human body

12. Reproduction and development. Student:

2) describes the phase of the woman's menstrual cycle.

General aim of education

The student learns about natural and artificial methods of birth control

Key competences

communication in foreign languages;digital competence;learning to learn.

Criteria for successThe student will learn:

describe the natural and artificial methods of birth control.

Methods/techniques

expositorytalk.

activating

discussion.programmed

with computer;with e‐textbook.

practicalexercices concerned.

Forms of work

individual activity;activity in pairs;activity in groups;collective activity.

Teaching aids

e‐textbook;notebook and crayons/felt‐tip pens;interactive whiteboard, tablets/computers.

Lesson plan overview

Before classes

Students get acquainted with the content of the abstract. They prepare to work on thelesson in such a way to be able to summarize the material read in their own words andsolve the tasks themselves.

Introduction

The teacher gives the topic, the goals of the lesson in a language understandable for thestudent, and the criteria of success.

Realization

The teacher discusses natural methods of birth control using resources from the„Family Planning” lesson in the e‐textbook and explains how to determine the term ofovulation by thermal method or by observing the mucus secreted by the cervix.The teacher acquaints students with the method of calculating fertile days in the caseof regular 28‐day cycles and in the case of irregular cycles. The second of theabovementioned cases is explained using an infographics presenting an example of theuse of this method.The teacher explains what artificial methods of birth control are, giving examples..The teacher divides the class into groups of 5‐6 people. Each group, working using themetaplan method, is designed to assess the advantages and disadvantages of natural andartificial methods of birth control (command 1 from the lesson in the e‐textbook). When

assessing the methods, students should base their knowledge on lessons from thelesson.The teacher initiates a short discussion summarizing the work in groups. Each groupduring the discussion presents the effects of joint work.Students, working individually or in pairs, carry out interactive exercises to check andconsolidate knowledge learned during the lesson. Selected people discuss the correctsolutions for interactive exercises. The teacher completes or corrects the statements ofthe proteges.

Summary

The teacher briefly presents the most important issues discussed in class. He answersthe additional questions of the proteges and explains all their doubts. Studentscomplete notes.

Homework

Listen to the abstract recording at home. Pay attention to pronunciation, accent andintonation. Learn to pronounce the words learned during the lesson.Analyze the change in hormone levels in the woman's sexual cycle. Specify the date ofovulation. Determine if the egg cell has been fertilized in this cycle. Justify your answerwith one argument..

The following terms and recordings will be used during thislesson

Terms

contracep�on










ovarian follicle




ovula�on




Texts and recordings



Family planning

Prospective parents, when deciding to conceive a child, should be prepared to perform oneof the most important roles of their lives. It involves responsibility for the child from themoment of its conception. In order not to become parents by accident, it is worthconsulting a gynecologist who will present methods of birth control. They are divided intonatural and artificial ones. Natural methods are based on the observation of the woman'ssexual cycle and the accompanying symptoms on the basis of which fertile and infertile dayscan be determined. These methods allow the woman to know how her body functions.However, the irregularity of cycles and factors such as illness, physical exertion, and stresscan disrupt the functioning of the body, disturb the course of the cycle and change the dateof ovulation. For these reasons, natural methods are unreliable.






Artificial methods consist in applying measures that interfere with the functioning ofa woman's body. They can change the course of the menstrual cycle, prevent sperm fromentering the female genital tract, destroy sperm, impede fertilization or prevent theimplantation of the embryo in the uterus. Studies show that the most effective are hormonalcontraceptives. Their use should be under strict medical supervision, as they may causeside effects and various ailments, also outside the reproductive system.


Family planning

Documents

Transcript of Family planning