ANUL LI 2006

S T U D I A UNIVERSITATIS BABEŞ-BOLYAI

STUDIA EUROPAEA 2

EDITORIAL OFFICE: Republicii no. 24, 400015 Cluj-Napoca ♦ Phone 0264-40.53.52

SUMAR – CONTENTS – SOMMAIRE – INHALT H I S T O R Y A N D P O L I T I C A L S C I E N C E

MURIEL RAMBOUR Quand la mecanique constitutionnelle s’enraye. Les leçons des “non” français et neerlandais au Traité établissant une Constitution pour l’Europe.........................................................................................................................5

ANDREEA MICU Comitology. Delegation of Powers in the European Union, Legitimacy and the Committee System..............................................................................................21

ALINA VASILE From the EU to the Monetary Union: Strategies for New Member States ........51

GEORGE VOSKOPOULOS European Integration through Gaullism and Europeanism................................65

LUCIAN BUTARU The Citizenship Issue in the “Great Romania” (1918-1940).................................81

I N T E R N A T I O N A L R E L A T I O N S

PHILIPPE CLARET L’integration européene des Balkans occidentaux ...............................................91

ANDREI ENGHIŞ A Single Voice in International Relations: the International Credibility of the European Union................................................................................................115

BOGDAN LUCIAN The U.S. in World Affairs. From Exceptionalism to Transformational Diplomacy ................................................................................................................141

ANCA STÂNGACIU L’ingresso della Romania nell’Unione Europea. Le relationi tra la Romania e l’Italia......................................................................................................................161

E C O N O M Y A N D L A W

VALENTIN COJANU Entrepreneurship and Regional Development in Romania ..............................175

VYTAUTAS TVARONAVICIUS, MANUELA TVARONAVICIENE Inovations in Broadband: Implementing Value Added Network Services.....193

VERONICA MATEESCU Le management intercultural et les Petits et Moyennes Entreprises. Etude de cas: une petite et moyenne enterprise, avec capital d’investissement italien et roumain, de l’industrie du bois .............................................................203

TRAIAN LASZLO On Commercial Effects (Commercial Papers). Domestic and International Settlements: Principles and Solutions...................................................................219

E U R O P E A N C U L T U R E

SAROLTA SIMIGNÉ FENYŐ Global English – Euro-English...............................................................................237

B O O K R E V I E W

RUXANDRA IVAN Florin Diaconu, Război clasic-limitat şi război total. Elemente de teorie şi istorie politico-militară, Bucureşti, Editura Universităţii din Bucureşti, 2006, 244 p., prefaţă de Daniel Barbu..............................................................................................251

ARTUR LAKATOS Chircă Adrian, Provocări geopolitice ale construcţiei europene, Cluj-Napoca, Editura Mediamira, 2005, 230 p. ...............................................................................257

ABSTRACTS – RÉSUMÉS – ZUSAMMENFASSUNGEN

QUAND LA MÉCANIQUE CONSTITUTIONNELLE S’ENRAYE. LES LEÇONS DES « NON » FRANÇAIS ET NÉERLANDAIS AU TRAITÉ

ÉTABLISSANT UNE CONSTITUTION POUR L’EUROPE

Muriel Rambour

Abstract

On 29th May and 1st June 2005, France and the Netherlands rejected the European Constitution. These referendums led to suspend the constitutional process engaged since 2001. French and Dutch « No » are both based on national considerations and opinions on Europe. By exploring those multiple reasons, the paper aims at showing that the rejection of the constitutional treaty cannot simply be understood as an opposition to European integration as a whole.

COMITOLOGY. DELEGATION OF POWERS IN THE EUROPEAN UNION, LEGITIMACY AND THE COMMITTEE SYSTEM

Andreea Micu

Abstract

Although European academic literature has paid much attention in recent years to the functioning and significance of the so-called “comitology” committees, they have been largely neglected in Romanian studies with a focus on European institutions and politics. This article aims at correcting this defficiency and providing an overview of this challenging and utmost important topic. The methodological approach of the present paper is interdisciplinary, combining legal analysis aspects with regard to delegation, separation and balance of powers in the EU with insights from political science debates on the modes of decision, legitimacy and the need for reforming the current comitology system.

FROM THE EU TO THE MONETARY UNION: STRATEGIES FOR NEW

MEMBER STATES

Alina Vasile

Abstract

The last enlargement of the European Union is by far a closed process. The new member states have still to integrate into the economic and monetary union. This paper tries to demonstrate that the monetary integration is not going to be a ʹBing Bangʹ. I will attempt to prove that a gradual, progressive process suits better the interests if the EU. By focusing on divergence, restrictions of the Exchange Rate Mechanism, and entrance parity, I will explain why the monetary enlargement should include first the small countries, and only later involve the large countries.

EUROPEAN INTEGRATION THROUGH GAULLISM AND EUROPEANISM

George Voskopoulos

Abstract

The long course to European integration has been realized through a piecemeal process, sectoral cooperation, bargaining and multilateral compromises. A long-standing feature of the process is the incompatible and conflicting views on the proposed course of integration and Europe’s role in international affairs. Gaullism and Europeanism represent two alternative and contending views on European integration but at the same time they dispose of a common parameter, namely the relation of Europe to the USA and the latter’s role in European affairs.

THE CITIZENSHIP ISSUE IN THE “GREAT ROMANIA” (1918-1940)

Lucian Butaru

Abstract The citizenship was “always a problem on the agenda of the day for 20 years” (Victor Iamandi, Minister for Justice). By getting into the daily natural practice, this analysis of the Romanian juridical discourse tries to reveal how the citizenship issue reflected the making of the “Great Romania”. Beside education, which functioned as an inclusion instrument, the citizenship represented an exclusion instrument used for a sort of “inner reconquista” of Romania. The Romanian politicians used to see Romania as an ethnic space with a variable and somehow manipulable geometry: before 1918, the variable was the territory and after that – the population.

L’INTEGRATION EUROPÉENE DES BALKANS OCCIDENTAUX

Philippe Claret

Abstract

Always under the sign of complexity, the relationships between European Union and West Balkans have known an remarkable evolution in the last 15 years, starting with certain expectations from West Balkans and finishing with a clear will to integrate them in the Union. However, the action of the Union towards post-yugoslav States and Albania rest marked, nowadays, by a strong tension between this will of integration and the limits for this effective realisation. This explains, on one hand, the ambiguity that European Union shows in the definition of an integration strategy for West Balkans and, on the other hand, favourite the notable lateness in the production of integration policies of these States.

A SINGLE VOICE IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS: THE INTERNATIONAL CREDIBILITY OF THE EUROPEAN UNION

Andrei-Ştefan Enghiş

Abstract

The present study seeks to evaluate the international credibility that was gained by the European Union in international politics. In spite of its wide recognition for the important role it plays as an economic and aid-donor actor, the European Union had witnessed a considerable downscaling of its profile in the international arena due to the lack of a coherent foreign and security policy. The aim of the study is to observe the gradual development of the European Union’s international profile in different phases, which bear inevitably the mark of the existent international political context. It concludes by seeking to answer whether the European Union is currently able to successfully influence the setting of the international political agenda or if the rejection of the Constitutional project marked the dead end of the European Union’s political dream.

THE U.S. IN WORLD AFFAIRS. FROM EXCEPTIONALISM TO

TRANSFORMATIONAL DIPLOMACY

Bogdan Lucian

Abstract

The United States within the World Affairs. From Exceptionalism to Transnational Diplomacy analyses, in the first place, the American Exceptionalism and its cultural basis, with an emphasis on J. Winthrop’s works. J. L. Sullivan’s rhetoric was chosen for illustrating the “transformation” of Exceptionalism into “Jingoism”. In order to depict a conceptual and practical cohesive policy, I analyze the discourse of W. Wilson. Then, I analyze its relations with contemporary foreign politics and with the new concept, “transnational diplomacy”, investigated by the study of the reformist measures introduced by State Secretary Condoleezza Rice.

L’INGRESSO DELLA ROMANIA NELL’UNIONE EUROPEA. LE RELATIONI

TRA LA ROMANIA E L’ITALIA

Anca Stângaciu

Abstract

This study aims to present some of the most important aspects of the process of integration of Romania in the European Union structures. We treat the chosen subject of our study from a conceptual point of view, considering the evolution of the process of Europeanization outside the borders of the European Union. A major point in our analysis is the influence of EU on Romania (in a top-down perspective) and the possible impact of our country upon the structures of the Union (in a bottom-up perspective). Towards the end of the paper we consider in a more detailed way the economic relationship established between Romania and Italy in what regards the presence of the Italian capital in Romania. The aspects related to the relationships between Romania and Italy make the object of a study case, which represents a more practical aspect of the present article. We considered introducing this particular case study dew to the fact that Italy is the main economic partner of Romania and the Italian investments hold the first place within the total number of the foreign investments in Romania.

ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN ROMANIA Valentin Cojanu

Abstract

During the last decade, Romanian economy has been experiencing a multifaceted process of openness, which challenges the balanced regional development as inherited from the communist regime. This study follows the Schumpeterian vision on economic development and investigates Romaniaʹs regional evolutions through the prism of the entrepreneurial milieu. The findings are revealed by a statistical analysis of clustering the Romanian counties according to 33 indicators of economic and social development. There were identified counties that lack entrepreneurial capability, those that expose a high potential and counties that fare remarkably well in this area. The material concludes with the observation that the sources of development are distributed throughout the country in close correlation with local abilities to take better advantage of generic determinants of entrepreneurship.

INNOVATIONS IN BROADBAND: IMPLEMENTING VALUE ADDED NETWORK SERVICES

Vytautas Tvaronavicius, Manuela Tvaronaviciene

Abstract

Free competition in broadband service provider market accelerates a better Internet usage, brings down the price, and attracts more broadband subscribers. The downward movement of price with a concurrent increase in the cost of service can ultimately lead to losses. In order to successfully and profitably attract and retain subscribers, broadband service providers need to be flexible and increase the stickiness of their offerings. The way to do this is to fully embrace the idea of value added services, such as Voice over IP (VoIP), Television over IP (TVoIP), Video on Demand (VoD), gaming services and so on.

LE MANAGEMENT INTERCULTUREL ET LES PETITES ET MOYENNES

ENTREPRISES. ETUDE DE CAS: UNE PETITE ET MOYENNE ENTREPRISE, AVEC CAPITAL D’INVESTISSEMENT ITALO-ROUMAIN, DE L’INDUSTRIE DU

BOIS

Veronica-Maria Mateescu

Abstract The influence of culture on management and organizations is not an unquestionable truth, it constituting a central question for the cross-cultural management field. The cross-cultural management is related especially with the multinational corporation institution. The small and medium-sized enterprises (SME) that also confront, in their internationalization process, with the /impact of the cultural diversity are, in general, neglected by the field theorists and practitioners. We tried to identify the cross-cultural management daily practices at the level of a SME from the wood manufacturing industry, with Italian and Romanian participation at the social capital, the investment under the form of SME and in labor intensive sectors (textile, leather or wood industry) being a characteristic of the Italian investments in Romania.

ON COMMERCIAL EFFECTS (COMMERCIAL PAPERS) DOMESTIC AND INTERNATIONAL SETTLEMENTS: PRINCIPLES AND

SOLUTIONS

Traian Laszlo

The commercial effects such as the bill of exchange, the financial bill and the check are, in a general way, instruments of creation and movement of the credit under different shapes which have the value of enforceable papers and also have the quality of commercial papers and instruments of payment both in domestic and international affaires, they are the most efficient commercial papers, a quality derived from their multiple results obtained in the usage.

GLOBAL ENGLISH – EURO-ENGLISH

Sarolta Simigné Fenyő

Abstract The main goal of this article is to determine the conditions allowing us to perform a differentiation between the various types of Englishes, according to their area of utility. It seems that the main differentiation can be made between World English (Global English) and Euro-English.