DESIGN OF WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM BY ... - IRJMETS

e-ISSN: 2582-5208 International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science

( Peer-Reviewed, Open Access, Fully Refereed International Journal )

Volume:04/Issue:05/May-2022 Impact Factor- 6.752 www.irjmets.com

www.irjmets.com @International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering, Technology and Science

[3321]

DESIGN OF WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM BY USING

TREE/DEAD END SYSTEM

Bhagyashri K. Chavhan*1, Pragati A. Ramteke*2, Avani S. Kulkarni*3,

Tarun A. Khandare*4, Shubham S. Biswas*5, Saurav D. Jambhulkar*6,

Prof. Divyani D. Harpal*7 *1,2,3,4,5,6UG Student, Department Of Civil Enginnering, Tulsiramji Gaikwad-Patil

College Of Engineering & Technology, Nagpur, India.

*7Professor, Department Of Civil Engineering, Tulsiramji Gaikwad-Patil College Of

Engineering & Technology, Nagpur, India.

ABSTRACT

This paper concern for the design of water distribution system in Jamshetpur district of yavatmal . Water is

most important source for human life. This project is design of rural water distribution system for a area find in

the rural region . Each they are distribution system is deliver drinking water for treatment plant track

consumer tap . This system of design by uninterrupted supply of drinking water on the plant . Drinking water

travels directly from treatment plant to household by a pressurized mains depending on A technologies . We

can also pump watering to high storage tank. Such as water flow system of gravity . The distribution network

branches are to each is uses connection movement. Special device and equipment have to regulate water

pressure according to fluctuate level and consumption. this system is manage is small germs. A water

distribution system is role of water supply network with parts that carry safe and clean water from a treatment

plant. The general characteristics of the area like information about main water source population of the area

demand of water distribution network and water tanks are necessary for systematic design of water

distribution system . A safe and clean supply of water is the necessity of people . Water pump provide water

through main , secondary and distributor water mains to supply water to consumers and for fire protection. In

order to satisfy the water demand of the continuously increasing population . It it necessary to provide the

sufficient and uniform quantity of water through the designed network of pipes. A water distribution system is

one in which the drinking water is carry from the treatment plant or well provide to the facility connection or

consumer tap. These systems aim to protect the quality and quantity of water as well as maintain adequate

pressure in the distribution of water.

Keywords: Water Treatment Plant, Water Distribution, Water Distribution Network Design.

I. INTRODUCTION

Water is One Of The Most important natural resource and most challenging issue at a global level. The water is

most decting for comfort tile and it is required for all , i.e ., For irrigation power generation , industrial use,

domestic use, etc. Due to population growth climate change there developed a huge gap between the supply of

water. The distribution system is responsible for the transportation of water from the treatment plant include

intake pumping pre - sedimentation, clarification, absorption, filtration, storage, etc. However forecasting the

population size and evaluate water demand, step by step designing we are gonna do, the neatra

l of the current work were to determine water demand for the section design WTP units on Lake water step by

step, and figure the required calculation and details of the WTP units. The current system of water supply is

facing problems like leakage, faculty maintenance, bad customer survive, efficient quality of water.

water distribution system is a hydraulic infrastructure that consist of different element like tank, reservoires,

pipes, valves, pumps. This infrastructure helps to transport water from the origin to the consumers. Designing

and operation of water distribution system is most important reflection for a lifetime of storing condition. This

system must be able to assist exceeding condition such as pipe breakage, cracking in pipes, mechanical failure

of pipes, valves and control systems, power failure and incorrect demand projection. Project of water treatment

technologies depending upon the results of quality of water test A water distribution system is one in which the

drinking water is move from the consolidate treatment plant or well supplies to the consumers. These system





[3322]

direct to protect the quality and quantity of water, as well as keep up sufficient pressure in the distribution of

water.

Block Diagram of Water Treatment Plant :-

Diagram Of Filtration Process :-

A water distribution system is one in which the drinking water is move from the consolidate treatment plant or

well supplies to the consumers. These system direct to protect the quality and quantity of water, as well as keep

up sufficient pressure in the distribution of water.

Filtrations is a process that removes particles from interruption in water. Eliminatio takes place by a number

of device that include straining, flocculation, sedimentation and surface capture

II. LITERATURE REVIEW 1. Vidhi N. Mehta, Geeta S. Joshi (Oct 2019)

A number of software developed for design and modelling of water distribution network which differs from

each other in various aspect. Loop 4.0 software can be use advantageously of water distribution network design

and cost analysis.

2. Manish K. Singh and Vassilis Kekatos ( Jan 2019 )

Water distribution system serve as critical infrastructure across the world the direct dependence of human life

on the availability of water has motivated research on the security resiliency and quality of supply system.

3. Mr. Nikhil H. Bhoir, Prof R. V. Devalkar ( Jan 2018 )

This resource sets visions to find recent issues related to (PPP) an irrigation and water distribution sector. To

determine the critical success and failure factor of irrigation and water distance project implemented by means

of public private partnership.

4. Dipali B.Paneria, Bhasker V. Bhatt (March 2017)

The existing system of water supply is facing problems like a higher rate of leakage, poor maintenance, poor

customer service, and poor quality of water. That’s why design the modernization water supply system.

Purpose of Work: The Main Objective of the study was Propose in water supply to the jamshetpur region in

Yavatmal district

The area mentained above have very poor supply of water. They are facing water scarity there throughout the

year. There are no any fresh or drinkable water source. Are heavily contaminated and the water is not fit for the

drinking purpose and domestic purpose as well

It is a rigit of every human being to get clean and healthy water, but this area is deprived of that For getting

water they used to travel long distance as they are no any fresh water sources nearly the locality. the ground

water level was also very low that is also can't be used





[3323]

So through this project we are trying to conduct a water supply scheme in this region with ensuring the quality

of water by implementing proper storage distribution of water to each and every household in this region

Water Testing Report of Well:-

For Which components is unsuitable and its

quantity

Water Sample inspection findings

( valid/invalid )

TH = 688 Invalid/unsuitable

pH = 8.72 Invalid/unsuitable

Turbidity = 0.18 Valid/suitable

TDs = 618 Valid/suitable

No3 = 38.1 Valid/suitable

So4 = 42 Valid/suitable

TA = 202 Valid/suitable

F = 0.110 Valid/suitable

Fe = 0.172 Valid/suitable

C1 = 92 Valid/suitable

Water Testing Report Of Lake:-

For Which components is unsuitable and its

quantity

Water Sample inspection findings

( valid/invalid )

TH = 200 Valid/Suitable

pH = 7.10 Valid/suitable

Turbidity = 0.34 Valid/suitable

TDs = 1182 Valid/suitable

No3 = 32.42 Valid/Suitable

So4 = 80 Valid/suitable

TA = 168 Valid/suitable

F = 0.342 Valid/Suitable

Fe = 0.217 Valid/suitable

C1 = 84 Valid/suitable

Filtration:-

A sand filter is a water purification system that uses a layer of sand as a natural filter. It is cheaper than other

water purification systems and requires less maintenance.

Sand filters are not suitable for areas where there are high levels of nitrates in the water, or where there is a lot

of turbidity (suspended solids).

The pressure gravity sand filter method is a type of water treatment that uses the natural process of filtration.

This method is used for removal of suspended solids from surface water.


This method is used for removal of suspended solids from surface water. The main difference between this and

other types of filtration methods, such as slow sand filters, rapid sand filters, and diatomaceous earth filters, is

that it does not require electricity to operate and has a faster throughput rate than other methods.


This method is used for removal of suspended solids from





[3324]

The pressure gravity sand filter method is a type of water purification system. This method is used in areas

with limited access to clean drinking water and where a large quantity of water needs to be purified.

This method uses sand as the filtering medium and employs two filters, one for coarse particles and one for fine

particles.

In this method, the raw water flows through the coarse filter which removes larger particles like dirt and

debris. The filtered water then enters a settling tank where it slowly percolates through the sand bed. The finer

particles are trapped by the sand while larger ones settle at the bottom of the tank. The filtered water then

flows into another settling tank where it is disinfected with chlorine or other chemicals before being collected

in containers for distribution to people who need it

III. METHODOLOGY

Distribution System:-

The Dead End System addresses both of these issues with a big, obvious pipe. It looks strange to many people

because it uses individual, large-diameter pipes rather than one or two main lines running from each faucet.

But this big pipe contains a lot more water than a traditional trunk line does and does so without any leakage at

all. And because all the pipes are capped, your home is essentially invulnerable to waste.

The idea behind this method is that you can situate your faucets so that the shortest length is always pointing

toward a large storage tank that feeds all of your sinks. The more sinks in your home, the more water you have

to store, and the more water you store, the longer each individual run takes and the less likely it will be to

waste.

In addition to keeping your plumbing from wasting water, this method also addresses issues with lead pipes.

Even though lead was banned by 1991 and is no longer used in most cities for water service lines, it remains

commonplace for older homes (and unfortunately even newer homes in some urban areas)

The Research on this study consist of following :-

Water Quality

Literature survey in irrigation and water distribution projects

Preparing a scheme of design with the available data

Fixing the total demand from reservoir or tank based on the hydraulic scheme design

Run the hydraulic analysis

Document related to scheme such as detail project report electric bill, water bill, operation and

maintenance document were collected from rular water supply department

Population data of last few decades

Population forecast on Jamshetpur Calculation by Arithmetic increase method:-

Year Population Per decade increase population

1981 2460

1991 2550 90

2001 2700 150

2011 2860 160

2021 3060 200

Total = 600

Formula = Pn = Po + n·x

Po = Population Present

Pn = Forecasted Population after n decades from present known population.

n = No. of decades

x = Average ( Arithmetic mean of Population increase )

Pn = Po + n·x





[3325]

P2031 = P2021 + 1 x (150)

P2031 = 3060 + 1 x (150)

P2031 = 3210

Calculation Of Water Per Capita Demand:-

The Formula Are

q = Px

Where,

q = Average Water Demand

P = Forcasted Pupulation

x = Water in liter per capita demand

q = Px

q = 3210 x 55

q = 176550 liters

1] Minimum Daily Demand (MDD)

The Formula For MDD is Q = 1.8q

Q = 1.8 x 176550

Q = 317790 liter

2] Maximum Hourly Demand (MHD)

The For MHD is

Q = 1.5 MDD

Q = 1.5 x 317790

Q = 476680 liter

Designing:-

There Are Some Main Components of water Supply System

⬢ Source

⬢ Pumping

⬢ Storage Tank

⬢ Distribution Network

Important Parameter of design is demand 55 lpcd according to (Jal Jeevan Missions)

Population 2020 x 55 = Demand 2020

Population 2031 x 55 = Demand 2031 (1,76,550)

Pump = p x g x Q x H/n

p = Density of fluid

g = acceleration due to gravity

Q = Flow of Fluid

H = Total head

n = efficiency of pump

H = Static head + Velocity head + friction head

Static head = elevation between suction pipe entry to delivery pipe end = 15 – 10

Velocity head = 2 m

Friction Head

Hf = 10.67Q1.852 /C1.852 x d4.87 x L

d = inner diameter of pipe 75 mm

c = Hazen willioms constant





[3326]

L = rising length

100 for GI pipe and

140 for HDPE pipe (60 to 100rs/m)

hs + hv + hf

10 + 2 + 12m

Total head = 24m

n = 70%

HP = P x g x Q x H / X x

= 1000 x 9.81 x 12.88 x 24

HP of pump is 8.6

HP = 8.6

Distribution Network:-

In distribution network we can use gravity system , as we know the storage tank is on higher level as compare

to village.

Tree system :-

A distribution system that centers around a signal main branches are taken off at right angle and have dead

ends. (didn’t need large quantity of pipe supply water are by area)

In this type of water distribution system, on main pipeline run through the center of the building, and the sub

main branch lines off both sides

IV. CONCLUSION

Water distribution is a critical part of todays infrastructure and can not impart to be disturb because many

people depend on it. Any safe water supply project is to reduce the risk of infection at least to the lowest level. A

new proposal is taken that combines natural and man made water origin into one network

V. REFERENCES [1] India Standard : IS:17482:2020 on pipe drinking water Supply Services.

[2] Frank R. Spellman " Water and water waste treatment plant operations" CRC press publication 2018.

[3] Kerry j. Howe, David w. Hand " principal of water treatment" John Wiley and sons publication Canada

2012.

[4] Kawamura S " Design and operation of water treatment facilities" new York publication 2000.

[5] Dr. P. N. Modi "Water supply engineering volume 1" Rajsons publications Pvt Ltd 1960.

DESIGN OF WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM BY ... - IRJMETS

Documents

Transcript of DESIGN OF WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM BY ... - IRJMETS