de Chavez, E.R.C., I.K.C. Fontanilla, G. Batomalaque and S. Chiba. 2015. A new species of...

ASIA LIFE SCIENCES The Asian International Journal of Life Sciences

ISSN 0117-3375

Beyond Excellence ©

VOLUME 24(1) JANUARY-JUNE 2015

e-mails: [email protected] [email protected]://journals.uplb.edu.ph/index.php/ALS

©Rushing Water Publishers Ltd., 2015 Printed in the Philippines

Printed in the Philippines

ASIA LIFE SCIENCES The Asian International Journal of Life Sciences Beyond Excellence©

©Rushing Water Publishers Ltd. 2015

ASIA LIFE SCIENCES - The Asian International Journal of Life Sciences (ISSN 0117-3375) is a non-profit, non-stock refereed scientific journal devoted to the publication of original research in the Life Sciences and related disciplines. Articles originating from anywhere in the world are most welcome. Two issues a year make a volume

BOARD OF EDITORS - Asia Life Sciences 24(1), 2015Chairman & Chief Editor: Dr. William Sm. Gruèzo, Institute of Biological

Sciences, College of Arts & Sciences (CAS), University of the Philippines Los Baños (UPLB), College 4031, Laguna, Philippines.

Members: Dr. Liding Chen, State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shuangqing Road 18, Haidian, Beijing 100085, China. Dr. Leonila A. Corpuz-Raros, Crop Protection Cluster, College of Agriculture, UPLB, College 4031, Laguna. Dr. Maribel L. Dionisio-Sese, Plant Biology Division, Institute of Biological Sciences, CAS-UPLB, College, Laguna. Dr. Irineo J. Dogma Jr., Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas, España St., Manila. Dr. Agustine I. Doronila, School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia. Dr. Victor P. Gapud, Crop Protection Cluster, College of Agriculture, UPLB, College 4031, Laguna. Dr. Krishlex G. Gruèzo MD, 81 Gov. F.T. San Luis Avenue, Masaya, Bay 4033, Laguna. Dr. Rafael D. Guerrero III, National Academy of Science and Technology, Level 3, Science Heritage Building, Deparment of Science and Technology Complex, Bicutan, Taguig City, MetroManila. Dr. Tai-hoon Kim, Department of Convergence Security, Sungshin Women’s University, Seoul, Korea. Michael G. Price, P.O. Box 468, Mi Ctr, Michigan 49254, USA.

Technical Production Manager: Ydred Harriss G. GruezoDeadlines for submission of manuscripts. First issue-01 June; Second issue-01 January.

Please contact the Chief Editor/Chairman, ALS Board of Editors concerning information for contributors (see addresses below).

Subscription Prices. Foreign: Institutional - US$1000; Individual - US$800 (including Volumes 1-23,1992-2014 + 9 Supplements). Local: Institutional - PhP10,000; Individual - PhP8000 (including Volumes 1-23, 1992-2014 + 9 Supplements). Prepayment of order/back order is required. All issues are to be sent by air mail. Back orders will have an additional packing-handling and postage cost.

Send manuscripts, subscription orders and correspondence to: Dr. William Sm. Gruèzo, ASIA LIFE SCIENCES, The Asian International Journal of Life Sciences, 81 Gov. F.T. San Luis Avenue, Masaya, Bay 4033, Laguna, Philippines. Mobile phone no. (63)(49) 0915-360-4660. e-mails: [email protected] [email protected] website: http://journals.uplb.edu.ph/index.php/ALS


ISSN 0117-3375Volume 24, Number 1 January-June 2015

CONTENTS1 Overproduction of high purity HapGXooc from

Xanthomonas oryzae functions as a growth and anti-virus factor in tobacco X. Zhou, Q. Zhu, G. Sun, W. Li , Y. Zhang, H. Wu & X. Gao

11 The evolution in Chinese farmers’ life since the foundation of the People’s Republic of China L. Wang

21 Chrysso makiling, a new species of comb-footed spider (Araneae: Theridiidae) from Mt. Makiling, Laguna, Luzon Island, Philippines A.L.A. Barrion-Dupo & A.T. Barrion

27 Secretory expression and optimization of human Col1a1 in Pichia pastoris L.B. Li, D.D. Fan, X.X. Ma, J.J. Deng, F.L. Zhang & Z.F. Shang

37 A new Helicostyla species (Bradybaenidae: Helico-stylinae) from Patnanungan Island, Philippines

E.R.C. de Chavez, I.K.C. Fontanilla, G.A. Batomalaque & S. ChibaCont. on Next Page

Reviewers for this Issue: Dr. N.S. Aggangan, Prof. J.V. Bariuan, Prof. A.R. Buan, Prof. S.K. Chavez, Dr. D. Chen, Dr. L.A. Corpuz-Raros, Dr. A.B. Cruz, Dr. M.L. Dionisio-Sese, Dr. E.V. Flordelis, Dr. V.P. Gapud, Dr. J.C.T. Gonzalez, Dr. C.L.G. Gruèzo, Dr. Wm.Sm. Gruèzo, Dr. R.L. Lapitan, Dr. X. Liu, Dr. J. Ma, Prof. M. Mallari-Cuerdo, Prof. R.N. Monte, Dr. A.M. Palijon, Dr. C.L. Rapera & Dr. M.A.T. Tavanlar.

©Rushing Water Publishers Ltd. 2015 Printed in the Philippines

Contents

51 Measuring sustainable development in the face of population and technological change R.R. Saplaco

69 Diversity of herbaceous pteridophytes in four long term ecological research sites in Mindanao, Philippines V.B. Amoroso, F.M. Acma, R.Y. Dela Cruz, F.P. Coritico, A.D. Nietes, G.B. Hamo & H.P. Lumista

87 Promotion of upland rice growth by actinomycetes under growth room condition J.A. Cruz, E.F. Delfin & E.S. Paterno

95 A Minus-One Element Technique-based mathematical model to customize fertilizer recommendations for Philippine rice cultivars A.O.V. Capistrano

111 Tissue culture technique for clonal propagation of nipa palm (Nypa fruticans Wurmb., Arecaceae) from embryo culture V.C. Lapitan, K.L.C. Nicolas & E.T. Rasco, Jr. 127 Building a climate-adaptive locality through a gender

sensitive comprehensive land use plan M.A.M. Gamboa155 A corporate social responsibility measurement model

for sport organizations C.-W. Jung, H.-D. Kim & S.-H. Song169 Analysis of the farmers’ knowledge on the ecosystem

services of trees in the Molawin-Dampalit Watershed, Makiling Forest Reserve, Philippines R.F. Paelmo,

R.G. Visco, L.D. Landicho, R.D. Cabahug, R.S. Baliton, M.L.O. Espaldon & R.D. Lasco187 Comparative effects of onion (Allium cepa L.) and alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) on blood plasma cholesterol of ICR mouse (Mus musculus L.) fed with a high-fat diet E.V. Biag, P.A.R. Lu, R.C.V. Melchor, M.B. Ples & R.J.S. Vitor II

Contents193 Adopting a convergent approach towards integrated disaster risk reduction and management: The case of Hagonoy, Bulacan, Philippines K. Follosco-Aspiras

207 Perceived barriers to walking activity of college students J.T. Martin & M.E. Santos

219 Diversity and endemism of terrestrial mammals in four long term ecological research sites in Mindanao, Philippines A.B. Mohagan, O.M. Nuñeza,

J.A. Escarlos Jr., A.G. Gracia Jr., E.C.T. Selpa, L.J.B. Baguhin, F.P. Coritico & V.B. Amoroso235 Spatial integration of biodiversity in the local land use planning process: The case of Buguey Municipality, Cagayan Province, Philippines J.M. Regunay255 Landscape scenic quality assessment of Roxas Boulevard, Metro Manila, Philippines N.G. Medina, A.J. Alcantara & S.C. Aquino-Ong277 Carbon storage potential of four long term ecological research (LTER) sites in Mindanao, Philippines based on forest inventory data R.A. Marin, A.M. Tulod, J.G. Opiso, F.M. Acma, R.R. Baldo, F.C. Coritico & V.B. Amoroso285 Enhancing awareness on weedy rice management in Iloilo Province, Philippines E.C. Martin & I.R. Tanzo295 Hierarchical human capability-based poverty targeting: An input to local development planning in the Philippines D.C. Magnaye323 Agarose-based ecoTILLING detection of candidate gene SNPs for evaluating quantitative resistance to rice blast N.M. Angeles, J.E. Hernandez, A.C. Laurena & H. Leung

Contents

335 Physical profiles of Turkish elite badminton players M. Aydoğmuş343 Survival of actinomycetes in a soil-based carrier: A potential microbial inoculant J.A. Cruz &

M.K.M. Cadiente349 Local stakeholders’ assessment of community-based forest management and the implications for REDD Plus implementation in the Philippines R.J.J. Peras, J.M. Pulhin & M. Inoue383 Characterization and identification of growth-promoting actinomycetes: A potential microbial inoculant J.A. Cruz, N.B. Lantican, E.F. Delfin & E.S. Paterno399 Grain yield performance and stability analysis of rice varieties under rainfed lowland conditions of Western Visayas, Philippines A.D. Palanog, CA. Endino-Tayson, I.M.G. Ciocon, L.T. Sta. Ines, B.U. Tizon, J.E.A. Bibar, C.U. Seville, M. Osano-Palanog, D.K.M. Donayre, A.C.S. Suñer & E.M. Libetario409 Callus induction from young leaf explants of nipa (Nypa fruticans Wurmb.) J.A. Mantiquilla, J.D.M. Solano, R.G. Abad, G.C. Rivero & C.S.C. Silvosa427 Effects of enzymolysis, ultrafiltration and diatomaceous earth filtration on clarification of red dates (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) juice H. Yang, L. Xue, D. Fan, T. Sun & J. Deng

Contents

435 Performance of multi-functional fabrics with coffee yarns H. Zhang, X. Wu, W. Tian, Y. Li, J. Lu, C. Zhu & J. Bi441 Effects of shading treatment on the growth characteristics of Pinus koraiensis Siebold & Zucc. container seedlings J.-H. Kim, J.-H. Yoon, D.-B. Kang & D.-H. Lee453 Construction, expression, purification and biochemical properties of recombinant HarpinXooc Q. Zhu, X. Zhou, W. Li, H. Wu, Z. Zhang & X. Gao463 Reviewers -Asia Life Sciences Volume 24, No. 1, 2015467 Board of Editors -Asia Life Sciences Volume 24, No.1, 2015

Beyond Excellence©


©Rushing Water Publishers Ltd., Philippines 2015

The papers published in Asia Life Sciences are covered by theThomson Reuters-Institute for Scientific Information (ISI), USA

and CABI, Wallingford, Oxon, UK.

Asia Life Sciences has an Impact Factor of 0.259.Asia Life Sciences is a recipient of the Journal AccreditationAward of the Commission on Higher Education (CHED),

Republic of the Philippines (2010-2015).

Printed on acid-free papers

Beyond Excellence©

81 Governor F.T. San Luis Avenue, Masaya, Bay 4033, Laguna, PhilippinesCelfone nos. (063) (049) 0915-360-4660; 0921-374-9752; 0916-526-0164

e-mails: [email protected] [email protected]

http://journals.uplb.edu.ph/index.php/ALS


The papers published in Asia Life Sciences are indexed in theBiological Abstracts, CAB Abstracts, CAB Global Health,

Zoological Record, SciSearch®/Science Citation IndexExpanded, Journal Citation Reports/Science Edition, BIOSIS

Previews, ISI Web of Science®, ISI Web of Knowledge®and are covered by the

Thomson Reuters-Institute for Scientific Information (ISI), USAand CABI, Wallingford, Oxon, UK.

Asia Life Sciences has an Impact Factor of 0.259.

Asia Life Sciences is a recipient of the Journal AccreditationAward of the Commission on Higher Education (CHED),



Actual Date of Publication: Asia Life Sciences Volume 24, Number 1 (January-June) 2015 - 15 November 2014.


ASIA LIFE SCIENCES 24(1): 37-49, 2015The Asian International Journal of Life Sciences

Received 03 July 2014; Accepted 19 August 2014©Rushing Water Publishers Ltd. 2015

A new Helicostyla species (Bradybaenidae: Helicostylinae) from Patnanungan Island, Philippines

EMMANUEL RYAN C. DE CHAVEZ1,2*, IAN KENDRICH C. FONTANILLA3,4, GIZELLE A. BATOMALAQUE3 and SATOSHI CHIBA1

A new species of land snail, Helicostyla amagaensis de Chavez, belonging to Subfamily Helicostylinae, Family Bradybaenidae is described from a native dipterocarp forest in Patnanungan Island, Polillo Group of Islands, Philippines. This new species differs from other congeners by its ovate-globose, cream white shell with single chestnut brown band. Aperture is ovate and moderately oblique with reddish-brown streak around the aperture outer lip. Penis is long with inner oblique striations terminating towards a leaf-like stimulator. Vas deferens is short and flagellum is absent. DNA barcoding technique using Cytochrome c oxidase I subunit (COI) revealed H. amagaensis has closest sequence affinity with Helicostyla woodiana. Neighbor joining and maximum parsimony trees showed 100% bootstrap support for the inclusion of this new species as a member of the genus Helicostyla. This is the latest Helicostyla discovered in the Philippines and the third helicostyline snail that is endemic to the Polillo Group of Islands.

Keywords: land snail, Helicostyla, Helicostyla amagaensis new species, Helicostylinae, taxonomy, Patnanungan Island, Polillo Island Group, Philippines

1Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai City, Miyagi, Japan2Animal Biology Division, Institute of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of

the Philippines Los Baños, College 4031, Laguna, Philippines3Institute of Biology, College of Science, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City,

Philippines4Natural Sciences Research Institute, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines*Corresponding author: e-mail - [email protected]

38

de Chavez et al. 2015

Asia Life Sciences 24(1) 2015

INTRODUCTIONMembers of Subfamily Helicostylinae of the Family Bradybaenidae are the

most widespread species of land snails in the Philippine Archipelago, with some representatives also found in Indonesia (e.g. Chloraea puella Broderip 1841 and Calocochlia pyrostoma Ferussac 1821) and in Taiwan (e.g. Helicostyla okudai Kuroda 1961). The restricted biogeographic distribution and evolutionary radiation of Helicostylinae is comparable to the Papuina of New Guinea (Abbot 1989), Amphidromus of Thailand (Laidlaw & Solem 1961, Sutcharit & Panha 2006) and Acavus of Sri Lanka (Hausdorf & Perera 2000). This natural group of arboreal mollusks exhibits vast range of shell forms from discoidal, globose, fusiform to elongated. They usually have bright, colorful and banded shells covered with thin transparent cuticle capable of producing hydrophanous effect when wet. Genital anatomy is relatively uniform with flagellum absent or reduced in the male system while single, globular or oval shaped mucus gland with simple stylet formed dart characterizes the female system (Schileyko 2004). There are more than 250 species (identified primarily based on conchological characters); however, the number of genera assignment varies among malacologists. According to Semper (1874) and Tryon and Pilsbry (1891), there 18 genera while Cooke (1882) designated 15 to this group, which was formerly named as Cochlostylidae. In recent taxonomic literature, Parkinson et al. (1987) classified Helicostylinae into 10 genera while Schileyko (2004) expanded it to 23 genera.

Among the Subfamily Helicostylinae, the type genus Helicostyla Ferussac 1821 is the most diverse, with at least 128 known species (Faustino 1930) and is present throughout all major Philippine islands. The revised group is derived from the consolidation of several genera such as Pachysphaera, Orustia, Cochlodryas, Opalliostyla and the original Helicostyla (Tyron & Pilsbry 1891). It is differentiated from other members of Helicostylinae by the presence of an ovate-globose to elongated shells with dome-like spire that lacks hydrophanous periostracum and spiral striae (Schileyko 2004). The phylogenetic position of Helicostyla is strongly supported within the Bradybaenidae (Wade et al. 2007) and the Helicoidea (Wade et al. 2006). It was also hypothesized that this genus might be embedded in the Australasian land snail clade (Hugall & Stanisic 2011).

Despite of the available data on helicostyline taxonomy, there is still very dire biological information on many endemic species amidst escalating destruction of forests (Posa et al. 2008), introduction of invasive species (Muniappan et al. 1986) and poaching for conchological trades and excessive human consumption (Scheffers et al. 2012). It has been reported that native helicostylines are intimately associated with intact and undisturbed forests and can thus, function as effective ecological indicators (de Chavez & de Lara 2011). In this paper, we described, based on conchological and anatomical characters, a new species of Helicostyla from the Patnanungan Island (139.20 km2), which is part of the Polillo Group of Islands (PGI), Quezon Province, Philippines. This is also the first study to utilize DNA barcoding technique, specifically using Cytochrome c oxidase I subunit or COI gene, to taxonomically describe a new species of Helicostyla. Currently, Helicostyla portei Pfeiffer 1861 and H. polillensis Pfeiffer 1861 are the only confirmed endemic

39

A new species of land snail, Helicostyla


helicostyline land snails found in the PGI. As far as we know, this is the latest described Helicostyla species in the Philippines after almost 82 years, the last were Helicostyla mateoi Bartsch 1932 and Helicostyla euconica Bartsch 1932, while the last subspecies was Helicostyla florida saturata Bartsch 1946, all from the Mindoro Island.

MATERIALS AND METHODSMorphological studies. This study was based on three live specimens collected during the fieldworks for the malacofaunal diversity project by the main author last May-June 2013 in the Patnanungan Island, PGI, Quezon Province, Philippines (Figure 1). The two damaged empty shells, with size similar to the live samples, found in the same location were excluded in the analysis. The holotype (1) and paratypes (2) are all deposited in the Invertebrate Museum of the Institute of Biology, University of the Philippines Diliman (UPD IM), Quezon City, Philippines. Descriptions are based on morphological and genetic characters. Morphological analyses employed shell measurements such as shell height (SH), shell width (SW), spire height (SpH), body whorl height (BwH), aperture height (AH) and aperture width (AW). Number of whorls was also determined. To characterize the features of the reproductive system, the genitalia were dissected using niku-nuki technique (Fukuda et al. 2008).

Figure 1. Map showing the type locality of Helicostyla amagaensis de Chavez, new species in Barangay Amaga, Patnanungan Island, Polillo Group of Islands, Philippines.

40



DNA barcoding. DNA was extracted from the foot muscle of each snail using the NaOH-lysis method (Fontanilla 2010). The CO1 gene was amplified using the primers LCO 1490 (sequence: 5’- GGTCAACAAATCATAAAGATATTGG-3’) and HCO 2198 (sequence: 5’- TAAACTTCAGGGTGACCAAAAAATCA - 3’) (Folmer et al., 1994) or StyHCO (sequence: 5’-GAATTAAAATATATACTTCTGGGTG-3’) and StyLCOII (sequence: 5’-ACGAATCATAAGGATATTGGTAC -3’) (Fontanilla 2010). Polymerase chain reaction amplification conditions were as follows: initial denaturation of one cycle at 95°C for two min; 43 cycles consisting of three temperature changes: 94°C for 30 sec, 45°C for 30 sec and 65°C for five min, and final extension at 72°C for five min. PCR products were visualized on a 1% agarose gel with EtBr under UV illumination and purified using QIAGEN® QIAquick Gel Extraction Kit (USA) following the manufacturer’s protocol. The purified PCR products were then sent to 1st BASE Pte. Ltd., Singapore for sequencing.

CO1 sequences were assembled using the Staden Package version 4.0 (Staden et al. 2000), after which the closest match for each individual was determined using the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) (Altschul et al. 1990). The sequences, together with those of Helicostyla and the outgroup taxa Eulota mighelsiana and Bradybaena similaris available in GenBank, were aligned using ClustalW multiple alignment in BioEdit Sequence Alignment Editor 7.0.9.0 (Hall 1999). Estimated evolutionary divergence (p-distance) was computed as means of average uncorrected (UcD) and corrected, Kimura-2-parameter model (K2P) of DNA substitution (Kimura 1980) from a total of 588 unambiguously aligned nucleotides. A model-based neighbor joining (NJ) tree (Saitou & Nei 1987) based on K2P distances and a non-model maximum parsimony tree (Eck & Dayhoff 1966, Fitch 1977), both with 1000 bootstrap replicates, were constructed using PAUP* version 4.0b10 (Swofford 2002).

SYSTEMATICS TREATMENT

Family Bradybaenidae Pilsbry 1924Subfamily Helicostylinae Inering 1909 Genus Helicostyla Ferussac 19821Type species Helicostyla mirabilis Ferussac 1821

Helicostyla amagaenis de Chavez 2014, new species Figures 2-4

Diagnosis. Shell. All specimens examined appeared to be sub-adult based on the partial reflection of the peristomial lip with less number of whorls, compared to the average four to five shell whorls in the adult Helicostyla (Figure 2A-D). However, no adult or adult-like live snails or empty shells were found after 10 days of extensive search in various sites (Amaga, Kilogan and Norte) in the Patnanungan Island. The shell was ovate-globose with dome-shaped spire of about three whorls.

41



Figure 2. Helicostyla amagaensis de Chavez, new species, Holotype (UPD IM Ha1). A. dorsal view; B. aperture view; C. ventral (umbilical) view; D. body whorl view. Arrows point to the reflection along the lower section of the aperture lip.

Whorls expands regularly with body whorl rounded, not keeled. Postembryonic whorls smooth. Shell cream white with single chestnut brown band positioned below suture extending faintly towards columella. Hydrophanous cuticle absent. Aperture ovate and moderately oblique with reddish-brown streak along the aperture lip that is slightly reflected on the lower half section. Umbilicus imperforate.Genitalia. Penis long with inner oblique striations terminating towards a leaf-like stimulator surrounded by rounded boundary going to the epiphallus (Figure 3). Vas deferens short while flagellum absent. Bursa copulatrix rounded with dark pigmentation at its base while bursa tract thick and relatively large. Both mucus gland and stylophore globular. Albumen gland large and elongated, spermoviduct finely convoluted connected inferiorly to a dark and prominent prostate gland.Materials examined. Holotype - 1 ex. SH. 14.13 mm x SW. 10. 36 mm (UPD IM Ha1), under a broad-leaf shrub, in a private forest patch in Barangay [= Village] Amaga, Patnanungan Island, Polillo Group of Islands, Quezon Province, Philippines (N 14°48.440’ E 122°09.316’), coll. E.R. de Chavez, 24 May 2013.Paratype 1-1 ex. SH. 13.50 mm x SW. 9.72 mm (UPD IM Ha2), under a broad-leaf shrub, in a private forest patch in Barangay Amaga, Patnanungan Island, Polillo Group of Islands, Quezon Province, Philippines (N 14°48.444’ E 122°09.271’), coll. E.R. de Chavez, 24 May 2013.

42



Figure 3. The genital anatomy of Helicostyla amagaensis, new species;, Holotype UPD IM Ha1. Abbreviations: ag = albumin gland; bs = bursa copulatrix; bt = bursa tract; mg = mucus gland; ot = ovotestis; p = penis; pg = prostate gland; sd = small duct; so = spermoviduct; sp = stylophore; st = stimulator; v = vagina; vd = vas deferens

Paratype 2-1 ex. SH. 14.08 mm x SW. 10. 04 mm (UPD IM Ha3), under a palm leaf, in a private forest patch in Barangay Amaga, Patnanungan Island, Polillo Group of Islands, Quezon Province, Philippines (N 14°48.376’ E 122°09.293’), coll. E.R. de Chavez, 24 May 2013.

Table 1 shows the shell measurement of the holotype and paratypes of H. amagaensis.

43



Table 1. Shell measurement of the holotype and paratypes of Helicostyla amagaensis de Chavez, new species.

Shell characterMeasurements

Holotype(UPD IM Ha1)

Paratype 1(UPD IM Ha2)

Paratype 2(UPD IM Ha3)

Shell height (mm) 14.13 13.5 14.08

Shell width (mm) 10.36 9.72 10.04

Spire height (mm) 7.23 6.56 7.10

Body whorl height (mm) 7.56 6.78 7.21

Aperture height (mm) 7.19 6.21 7.02

Aperture width (mm) 6.77 5.86 6.46

Number of whorls 3 3 3

Etymology. The new species is named after Barangay Amaga, which is the type locality where all the specimens were collected. Amaga is one of the coastal villages in the Patnanungan Island with rice fields, coconut plantations and patches of native forests towards its interior. Helicostyla amagaensis, discovered specifically in a small strip of private forest owned by the village’s barangay captain, is the first species named after this place.

DISCUSSIONThis new species is consistent with the diagnostic features for the genus

Helicostyla, i.e. having an ovate-globose shell and an absence of a hydrophanous periostracum, with smooth post-embryonic whorls. Conchologically, H. amagaensis is most similar to the shell shape and banding pattern of H. hydrophana Sowersby 1840 from Mindoro Island, Philippines. However, the former is twice smaller in shell size and has broader band extending faintly around the outer peristomial lip outline. The latter has straw-yellow shell covered with hydrophanous cuticle forming thin film of oblique shreds (Tryon & Pilsbry 1891). The collumelar band along the umbilical region is more prominent in H. hydrophana compared to H. amagaensis.

The COI sequence divergence showed no clear relationship between H. amagaensis with other Helicostyla from the PGI and other islands based on geographic proximity (Table 2). The mean UcD and K2P p-distances revealed that H. amagaensis is closest to H. woodiana Lea 1840 (0.155 and 0.299, respectively), and generally, to other Helicostyla also occurring in the PGI (0.147 and 0.278, respectively). In comparing with H. amagaensis, the Helicostyla from the adjacent Luzon Island have greater mean p-distances (UcD = 0.160, K2P = 0.292) than those species found in the farther Cebu Island (UcD = 0.132, K2P = 0.215). The calculated

44



p-distances were highest in Helicostyla smaragdina from Mindanao Island (UcD = 0.191, K2P = 0.393) and the outgroup bradybaenids (UcD = 0.227, K2P = 0.566). The constructed NJ tree rooted on Eulota mighelsiana and Bradybaena similaris confirmed the phylogenetic position of the new land snail species marked by its clustering within the Helicostyla taxa with 99% NJ and 100% MP bootstrap supports (Figure 5). Specifically, H. woodiana did not form a monophyletic group, with two individuals clustering with H. amagaensis with 100% NJ and MP bootstraps. Both these taxa are differentiated from H. daphnis from Cebu Island with 99% NJ and 100% MP bootstrap supports. Although clearly morphologically different from one another (Figure 4), there was an inclusion of one group of H. woodiana with H. amagaensis in the NJ and MP trees. This could be attributed to two possible reasons. First, the genetically distantly related H. woodiana populations might be derived independently, and one of these was derived from the common ancestor with H. amagaensis. Secondly, hybridization could have occurred between H. amagaensis and one population of H. woodiana, and mtDNA haplotype of this H. woodiana was replaced by that of H. amagaensis. Surveys using nuclear DNA are needed in future study to solve this issue; however, the above interpretations do not refute the conclusion that H. amagaensis is a new and distinct species.

Figure 4. The live Helicostyla woodiana (left) and H. amagaensis, new species (right), both found underneath a broad-leaf shrub in a small forest patch in Patnanungan Island, Polillo, Philippines.

Remarks. Helicostyla amagaensis has an arboreal habit and is commonly found under the leaf of palms and broad-leaf shrubs with no specific plant preference. Furthermore, this very rare land snail appears to be endemic only to the Patnanungan Island and restricted to intact native forests, making this species vulnerable to local extinction due to increasing encroachment of rice farmlands and coconut plantations in a very small area with only remaining patches of forest cover. Thus, more studies of this land snail must be conducted to better determine its biology and ecology for its proper conservation management.

45



Tabl

e 2.

Est

imat

es o

f gen

etic

div

erge

nce

by m

eans

of a

vera

ge u

ncor

rect

ed (

UcD

) and

cor

rect

ed, K

imur

a-2-

para

met

er m

odel

(K

2P),

p-di

stan

ces

betw

een

Hel

icos

tyla

am

agae

nsis,

new

spe

cies

, and

oth

er la

nd s

nail

spec

ies.

UPD

IM H

a1- h

olot

ype;

UPD

IM H

a2 a

nd

UPD

IM H

a3- p

arat

ypes

.

Spec

ies (

n)Is

land

UPD

IM H

a1U

PD IM

Ha2

UPD

IM H

a3To

tal A

vera

ge

UcD

K2P

UcD

K2P

UcD

K2P

UcD

K2P

Hel

icos

tyla

am

agae

nsis

, new

spec

ies

UPD

IM H

a1 (1

)Pa

tnan

unga

n0.

002

0.00

20.

003

0.00

30.

003

0.00

3

UPD

IM H

a2 (1

)Pa

tnan

unga

n0.

005

0.00

50.

005

0.00

5

Mea

n0.

004

0.00

4

Polil

lo G

roup

of I

slan

dsH

. dac

tylu

s Bro

derip

184

1 (1

)Pa

tnan

unga

n0.

194

0.40

70.

194

0.40

70.

190.

394

0.19

30.

403

H. d

ubio

sa P

feiff

er 1

845

(3)

Polil

lo0.

166

0.30

40.

164

0.29

90.

166

0.30

40.

165

0.30

2

H. p

orte

i Pfe

iffer

186

1 (5

)Po

lillo

0.15

50.

275

0.15

40.

272

0.15

50.

275

0.15

50.

274

H. w

oodi

ana

Lea

1840

(3)

Polil

lo0.

057

0.10

50.

058

0.10

40.

057

0.10

50.

057

0.10

4

H. p

olill

ensi

s Pfe

iffer

186

1 (2

)Po

lillo

0.16

70.

307

0.16

50.

302

0.16

70.

307

0.16

60.

305

H. fi

lari

s Val

enci

enne

s 184

5 (1

)Jo

mal

ig0.

194

0.40

50.

196

0.41

10.

194

0.40

50.

194

0.40

7

Mea

n0.

155

0.29

9

Oth

er P

hilip

pine

Isla

nds

H. b

utle

ri P

feiff

er 1

842

(1)

Luzo

n0.

170.

323

0.17

0.32

30.

170.

323

0.17

00.

323

H. i

nter

mid

ia M

oelle

ndor

ff 18

96 (3

)Lu

zon

0.16

60.

305

0.16

60.

305

0.16

60.

305

0.16

60.

305

H. m

irab

ilis F

erus

sac

1821

(3)

Luzo

n0.

156

0.27

80.

155

0.27

30.

156

0.27

80.

156

0.27

6

H. b

icol

arat

a (L

ea 1

840)

(1)

Luzo

n0.

143

0.24

40.

143

0.24

40.

143

0.24

40.

143

0.24

4

46



H. corticolor K

obelt 1911 (1)Luzon

0.150.259

0.150.259

0.150.259

0.1500.259

H. vidali H

idalgo 1887 (2)Luzon

0.1770.347

0.1770.347

0.1770.347

0.1770.347

Mean

0.1600.292

H. daphnis B

roderip 1841 (2)C

ebu0.103

0.1460.101

0.1420.103

0.1460.102

0.145

H. cam

elopardalis Broderip 1841 (2)

Cebu

0.1360.225

0.1340.221

0.1360.225

0.1350.224

H. w

orcesteri Bartsch 1909 (2)

Cebu

0.1450.246

0.1430.242

0.1450.246

0.1440.244

H. ventricosa (B

ruguiere 1792) (2)C

ebu0.145

0.2480.144

0.2440.145

0.2480.145

0.247

Mean

0.13150.215

H. sm

aragdina Reeve 1842 (4)

Mindanao

0.1910.395

0.190.389

0.1910.395

0.1910.393

Outgroup

Bradybaena similaris Ferussac 1821 (3)

Luzon0.258

0.7190.256

0.7090.258

0.7190.257

0.716

Eulota mighelsiana (Pfeiffer 1846) (4)

Batan

0.1960.417

0.1950.411

0.1960.417

0.1960.415

Mean

0.227

0.566

47



Figure 5. Neighbor joining (A) and maximum parsimony (B) trees of the Subfamily Helicostylinae, including Helicostyla amagaensis, new species, based on 588 nucleotides of the COI gene and rooted on Bradybaena similaris and Eulota mighelsiana. DNA substitution was based on the Kimura-2-parameter model. Values on the nodes represent bootstrap support (1000 replicates) for NJ and MP, respectively; values less than 50% are not shown. Scale bar represents 5 nucleotide substitutions for every 100 nucleotides. Star indicates species that are also found in the Polillo Group of Islands

ACKNOWLEDGMENTSThe authors would like to thank the following: (a) Polillo Island Biodiversity

Conservation Incorporated for coordinating all their activities during their stay in the PGI; (b) the local government units of Patnanungan Island and the Department of Environment and Natural Resources Region IV-A for granting permits (R4A-WGP-10-2013-QUE-001) for the conduct of this research, and (c) Jonas Llamas and the local field guides for their generous assistance during the survey for the land snails.

LITERATURE CITEDAbbot, R.T. 1989. Compendium of Landshells, American Malacologists, Melbourne, Florida,

USA, 240 p.Altschul, S.F., W.M. Gish, E.W. Myers and D.J. Lipman. 1990. Basic local alignment search

tool. Journal of Molecular Biology 215(3): 403-410.Cooke, A.H. 1882. On the geographical distribution of the Land-mollusca of the Philippine

Islands and their relations to the Mollusca of the neighboring groups. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 60(3): 447-508.

de Chavez, E.R.C. and A.V. de Lara. 2011. Diversity and spatial distribution patterns of macro land snails on Mount Makiling Forest Reserve, Philippines. Asia Life Sciences 20(1): 185-201.

Eck, R.V. and M.O. Dayhoff. 1966. Atlas of Protein Sequence and Structure, National Biomedical Research Foundation, USA, 215 p.

48



Faustino, L. 1930. Summary of Philippine land shells. Philippine Journal of Science 48: 85-198.

Fitch, W.M. 1977. On the problem of discovering the most parsimonious tree. American Naturalist 111: 223-257.

Folmer, O.M., W. Black, R. Hoeh, R. Lutz and R. Vrijenhoek. 1994. DNA primers for amplification of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I from diverse metazoan invertebrates. Molecular Marine Biology and Biotechnology 3: 294-299.

Fontanilla, I.K.C. 2010. Achatina (Lissachatina) fulica Bowdich: Its molecular phylogeny, genetic variation in global populations and its possible role in the spread of the rat lungworm Angiostrongylus cantonensis (Chen). PhD Thesis, University of Nottingham, UK, 617 p. (unpublished)

Fukuda, H., T. Haga and Y. Tatara. 2008. Niku-nuki: A useful method for anatomical and DNA studies on shell-bearing molluscs. Zoosymposia 1: 15-38.

Hall, T.A. 1999. BioEdit: A user-friendly biological sequence alignment editor and analysis program for Windows 95/98/NT. Nucleic Acids Symposium, Ser. 41: 95-98.

Hausdorf, B. and K.K. Perera. 2000. Revision of the genus Acavus from Sri Lanka (Gastropoda: Acavidae). Journal of Molluscan Studies 66: 217-231.

Hebert, P.D.N., E.H. Penton, J.M. Burns, D.H. Janzen and W. Hallwachs. 2004. Ten species in one: DNA barcoding reveals cryptic species in the neotropical skipper butterfly Astraptes fulgerator. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 101: 14812-14817.

Hugall, A.F. and J. Stanisic. 2011. Beyond the prolegomenon: A molecular phylogeny of the Australian camaenid land snail radiation. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 161: 531-572.

Kimura, M. 1980. A simple method for estimating evolutionary rates of base substitutions through comparative studies of nucleotide sequences. Journal of Molecular Evolution 16: 111-120.

Laidlaw, F.F. and A. Solem. 1961. The land snail genus Amphidromus: A synoptic catalogue. Fieldiana, Zoology 41: 507-677.

Muniappan, R., G. Duhamel, R. Santiago and D. Acay. 1986. Giant African snail control in Bugsuk Island, Philippines. Oleagineux 41(4): 183-188.

Parkinson, B., J. Hemmen and K. Groh. 1987. Tropical Land Shells of the World. Verlag, Germany, 279 p.

Posa, M.R.C., A.C. Diesmos, N.S. Sodhi and T.M. Brooks. 2008. Hope for threatened tropical biodiversity: Lessons from the Philippines. Bioscience 58(3): 231-240.

Saitou, N. and M. Nei. 1987. The neighbor-joining method: A new method for reconstructing evolutionary trees. Molecular Biology and Evolution 4: 406-425.

Scheffers, B.R., R.T. Corlett, A.C. Diesmos and W.F. Laurance. 2012. Local demand drives a bushmeat industry in a Philippine forest preserve. Tropical Conservation Science 5(2): 133-141.

Schileyko, A.A. 2004. Treatise on Recent Terrestrial Pulmonate Molluscs, Part 12, Ruthenica, Supplement 2, Moscow, 137 p.

Semper, D.C. 1874. Reisen im Archipel der Philippinen: Landmollusken. Wiesbaden Kreidel, Germany, 367 p.

Staden, R., K. Beal and J. Bonfield. 2000. The Staden Package 1998. Methods in Molecular Biology 132: 115-130.

Sutcharit, C. and P. Panha. 2006. Taxonomic review of the tree snail Amphidromus Albers 1850 (Pulomonata: Camaenidae) in Thailand and adjacent areas: Subgenus Amphidromus. Journal of Molluscan Studies 72: 1-30.

Swofford, D. 2002. PAUP*4.0 Sunderland, Sinauer Associates, MA, USA.

49



Tryon, G.W. and H.A. Pilsbry. 1891. Manual of Conchology, Volume 12, Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, USA, 348 p.

Wade, C.M., P.B. Mordan and F. Naggs. 2006. Evolutionary relationships among the Pulmonate land snails and slugs (Pulmonata, Stylommatophora). Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 87: 593-610.

Wade, C.M., C. Hudelot, A. Davison, F. Naggs and P.B. Mordan. 2007. Molecular phylogeny of the helicoid land snails (Pulmonata: Stylommatophora: Helicoidea), with special emphasis on the Camaenidae. Journal of Molluscan Studies 73: 411-4115.

Beyond Excellence©

81 Governor F.T. San Luis Avenue, Masaya, Bay 4033Laguna, Philippines

Celfone nos. (063) (049) 0915-360-4660; 0921-374-9752; 0916-526-0164Landline telephone no. (063)(049) 501-2957


http://journals.uplb.edu.ph/index.php/ALS©Rushing Water Publishers Ltd., Philippines 2015









50



Beyond Excellence©


Celfone nos. (063) (049) 0915-360-4660; 0921-374-9752; 0916-526-0164Landline telephone no. (063)(049) 501-2957


http://journals.uplb.edu.ph/index.php/ALS©Rushing Water Publishers Ltd., Philippines 2015










ASIA LIFE SCIENCES 24(1): 463-466, 2015The Asian International Journal of Life Sciences

Actual date of publication - 15 November 2014 - ALS 24(1) 2015©Rushing Water Publishers Ltd. 2015

REVIEWERS - ASIA LIFE SCIENCES Volume 24, Number 1 (January-June) 2015*

Dr. Nelly S. AgganganScientistNational Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (BOTECH)University of the Philippines Los BañosCollege 4031, Laguna, Philippines

Prof. Juanito V. BariuanCrop Prtection ClusterCollege of AgricultureUniversity of the Philippines Los BañosCollege 4031, Laguna, Philippines.

Prof. Aivi R. BuanAssistant ProfessorDepartment of Human KineticsCollege of Arts and SciencesUniversity of the Philippines Los BañosCollege 4031, Laguna, Philippines.

Prof. Shirley K. ChavezInformation Technology CenterUniversity of the Philippines Los BañosCollege 4031, Laguna, Philippines.

*Disclaimer: The use of trade names in this publication does not imply endorsement or criticism of the products named.

464



Dr. Di ChenResearch InvestigatorDepartment of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Michigan2200 Bonisteel BoulevardAnn Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA

Dr. Leonila A, Corpuz-RarosProfessor EmeritusCrop Protection ClusterCollege of AgricultureUniversity of the Philippines Los BañosCollege 4031, Laguna, Philippines.

Dr. Angelita B. Cruz, PhDDepartment of Physical Education College of Physical Education Keimyung University, Daegu, South Korea.

Dr. Maribel L. Dionisio-SeseProfessor 12 Plant Biology DivisionInstitute of Biological Sciences College of Arts and SciencesUniversity of the Philippines Los BañosCollege 4031, Laguna, Philippines.

Dr. Evelyn V. FlordelisAssumption College San LorenzoMakati City 1223, Philippines Dr. Victor P. GapudProfessor EmeritusCrop Protection ClusterCollege of AgricultureUniversity of the Philippines Los BañosCollege 4031, Laguna, Philippines.

465

Reviewers - Asia Life Sciences 24(1) 2015


Dr. Juan Carlos T. GonzalezProfessorAnimal Biology DivisionInstitute of Biological Sciences College of Arts and SciencesUniversity of the Philippines Los BañosCollege 4031, Laguna, Philippines.

Dr. Celeste Leiden G. Gruèzo DVMSantosha Street corner Astheya StreetIstana Lovina Bay Park,Puypuy, Bay 4033, Laguna,Philippines

Dr. William Sm. GruèzoProfessor 12Plant Biology DivisionInstitute of Biological SciencesCollege of Arts and SciencesUniversity of the Philippines Los BañosCollege 4031, Laguna, Philippines.

Dr. Renato L. LapitanProfessorInstitute of Renewal and Natural ResourcesCollege of Foretry and Natural ResourcesUniversity of the Philippines Los BañosCollege 4031, Laguna, Philippines

Dr. Xiangyu LiuResearch Scientist Institute for Cancer GeneticsColumbia University1130 St Nicholas Ave, New York, NY 10032, USA

Dr. Jinxia Ma, MDW. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and ImmunologyJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health615 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA

466



Prof. Marla Mallari-CuerdoAssistant ProfessorCollege of Human KineticsUniversity of the PhilippinesDiliman 1101, Quezon CityPhilippines

Prof. Rowena N. MonteAssociate ProfessorDepartment of Human KineticsCollege of Arts and SciencesUniversity of the Philippines Los BañosCollege 4031, Laguna, Philippines.

Dr. Armando M. PalijonProfessorInstitute of Renewal and Natural ResourcesCollege of Foretry and Natural ResourcesUniversity of the Philippines Los BañosCollege 4031, Laguna, Philippines

Dr. Corazon L. RaperaAssociate ProfessorDepartment of Agricultural EconomicsCollege of Economics and ManagementUniversity of the Philippines Los BañosCollege 4031, Laguna, Philippines

Dr. Mary Ann T. TavanlarUniversity ResearcherNational Institute of Olecular Biology and Biotechnology (BOTECH)University of the Philippines Los BañosCollege 4031, Laguna, Philippines

467

Reviewers - Asia Life Sciences 24(1) 2015


ASIA LIFE SCIENCES - The Asian International Journal of Life Sciences (ISSN 0117-3375) is a non-profit, non-stock refereed scientific journal devoted to the publication of original research in the Life Sciences and related disciplines. Articles originating from anywhere in the world are most welcome. Two issues a year make a volume

BOARD OF EDITORS - Asia Life Sciences 24(1), 2015Chairman & Chief Editor: Dr. William Sm. Gruèzo, Institute of Biological

Sciences, College of Arts & Sciences (CAS), University of the Philippines Los Baños (UPLB), College 4031, Laguna, Philippines.

Members: Dr. Liding Chen, State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shuangqing Road 18, Haidian, Beijing 100085, China. Dr. Leonila A. Corpuz-Raros, Crop Protection Cluster, College of Agriculture, UPLB, College 4031, Laguna. Dr. Maribel L. Dionisio-Sese, Plant Biology Division, Institute of Biological Sciences, CAS-UPLB, College, Laguna. Dr. Irineo J. Dogma Jr., Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas, España St., Manila. Dr. Agustine I. Doronila, School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia. Dr. Victor P. Gapud, Crop Protection Cluster, College of Agriculture, UPLB, College 4031, Laguna. Dr. Krishlex G. Gruèzo MD, 81 Gov. F.T. San Luis Avenue, Masaya, Bay 4033, Laguna. Dr. Rafael D. Guerrero III, National Academy of Science and Technology, Level 3, Science Heritage Building, Deparment of Science and Technology Complex, Bicutan, Taguig City, MetroManila. Dr. Tai-hoon Kim, Department of Convergence Security, Sungshin Women’s University, Seoul, Korea. Michael G. Price, P.O. Box 468, Mi Ctr, Michigan 49254, USA.

Technical Production Manager: Ydred Harriss G. Gruèzo

Deadlines for submission of manuscripts. First issue - 01 June; Second issue - 01 January. Please contact the Chairman, ALS Board of Editors concerning information for contributors (see addresses below).

Subscription Prices. Foreign: Institutional - US$1000; Individual - US$800 (including Volumes 1-24,1992-2015+Supplements). Local: Institutional - PhP10,000; Individual - PhP8,000 (including Volumes 1-24, 1992-2015 + Supplements). Prepayment of order/back order is required. All issues are to be sent by air mail. Back orders will have an additional packing-handling and postage cost.

Send manuscripts, subscription orders and correspondence to: Dr. William Sm. Gruèzo, ASIA LIFE SCIENCES, The Asian International Journal of Life Sciences, 81 Gov. F.T. San Luis Avenue, Masaya, Bay 4033, Laguna, Philippines. Mobile phone no.(63) 915-360-4660. e-mails: [email protected] [email protected] website: http://journals.uplb.edu.ph/index.php/ALS

Actual Date of Publication/Issue - November 15, 2014. - Asia Life Sciences 24(1) 2015.

468



Actual date of publication - 15 November 2015 - ALS 24(1) 2015

Beyond Excellence©


Celfone nos. (063) (049) 0915-360-4660; 0921-374-9752; 0916-526-0164e-mails: [email protected]

[email protected]://journals.uplb.edu.ph/index.php/ALS











ISSN 0117-3375Volume 24, Number 1 January-June 2015

CONTENTS1 Overproduction of high purity HapGXooc from

Xanthomonas oryzae functions as a growth and anti-virus factor in tobacco X. Zhou, Q. Zhu, G. Sun, W. Li , Y. Zhang, H. Wu & X. Gao

11 The evolution in Chinese farmers’ life since the foundation of the People’s Republic of China L. Wang

21 Chrysso makiling, a new species of comb-footed spider (Araneae: Theridiidae) from Mt. Makiling, Laguna, Luzon Island, Philippines A.L.A. Barrion-Dupo & A.T. Barrion

27 Secretory expression and optimization of human Col1a1 in Pichia pastoris L.B. Li, D.D. Fan, X.X. Ma, J.J. Deng, F.L. Zhang & Z.F. Shang

37 A new Helicostyla species (Bradybaenidae: Helicostylinae) from Patnanungan Island, Philippines

E.R.C. de Chavez, I.K.C. Fontanilla, G.A. Batomalaque & S. ChibaCont. on Inside Back Cover

Reviewers for this Issue: Dr. N.S. Aggangan, Prof. J.V. Bariuan, Prof. A.R. Buan, Prof. S.K. Chavez, Dr. D. Chen, Dr. L.A. Corpuz-Raros, Dr. A.B. Cruz, Dr. M.L. Dionisio-Sese, Dr. E.V. Flordelis, Dr. V.P. Gapud, Dr. J.C.T. Gonzalez, Dr. C.L.G. Gruèzo, Dr. Wm.Sm. Gruèzo, Dr. R.L. Lapitan, Dr. X. Liu, Dr. J. Ma, Prof. M. Mallari-Cuerdo, Prof. R.N. Monte, Dr. A.M. Palijon, Dr. C.L. Rapera & Dr. M.A.T. Tavanlar.

©Rushing Water Publishers Ltd. 2015 Printed in the Philippines

Contents

51 Measuring sustainable development in the face of population and technological change R.R. Saplaco

69 Diversity of herbaceous pteridophytes in four long term ecological research sites in Mindanao, Philippines V.B. Amoroso, F.M. Acma, R.Y. Dela Cruz, F.P. Coritico, A.D. Nietes, G.B. Hamo & H.P. Lumista

87 Promotion of upland rice growth by actinomycetes under growth room condition J.A. Cruz, E.F. Delfin & E.S. Paterno

95 A Minus-One Element Technique-based mathematical model to customize fertilizer recommendations for Philippine rice cultivars A.O.V. Capistrano

111 Tissue culture technique for clonal propagation of nipa palm (Nypa fruticans Wurmb., Arecaceae) from embryo culture V.C. Lapitan, K.L.C. Nicolas & E.T. Rasco, Jr. 127 Building a climate-adaptive locality through a gender

sensitive comprehensive land use plan M.A.M. Gamboa155 A corporate social responsibility measurement model

for sport organizations C.-W. Jung, H.-D. Kim & S.-H. Song169 Analysis of the farmers’ knowledge on the ecosystem

services of trees in the Molawin-Dampalit Watershed, Makiling Forest Reserve, Philippines R.F. Paelmo,

R.G. Visco, L.D. Landicho, R.D. Cabahug, R.S. Baliton, M.L.O. Espaldon & R.D. Lasco187 Comparative effects of onion (Allium cepa L.) and alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) on blood plasma cholesterol of ICR mouse (Mus musculus L.) fed with a high-fat diet E.V. Biag, P.A.R. Lu, R.C.V. Melchor, M.B. Ples & R.J.S. Vitor II

Contents193 Adopting a convergent approach towards integrated disaster risk reduction and management: The case of Hagonoy, Bulacan, Philippines K. Follosco-Aspiras

207 Perceived barriers to walking activity of college students J.T. Martin & M.E. Santos

219 Diversity and endemism of terrestrial mammals in four long term ecological research sites in Mindanao, Philippines A.B. Mohagan, O.M. Nuñeza,

J.A. Escarlos Jr., A.G. Gracia Jr., E.C.T. Selpa, L.J.B. Baguhin, F.P. Coritico & V.B. Amoroso235 Spatial integration of biodiversity in the local land use planning process: The case of Buguey Municipality, Cagayan Province, Philippines J.M. Regunay255 Landscape scenic quality assessment of Roxas Boulevard, Metro Manila, Philippines N.G. Medina, A.J. Alcantara & S.C. Aquino-Ong277 Carbon storage potential of four long term ecological research (LTER) sites in Mindanao, Philippines based on forest inventory data R.A. Marin, A.M. Tulod, J.G. Opiso, F.M. Acma, R.R. Baldo, F.C. Coritico & V.B. Amoroso285 Enhancing awareness on weedy rice management in Iloilo Province, Philippines E.C. Martin & I.R. Tanzo295 Hierarchical human capability-based poverty targeting: An input to local development planning in the Philippines D.C. Magnaye323 Agarose-based ecoTILLING detection of candidate gene SNPs for evaluating quantitative resistance to rice blast N.M. Angeles, J.E. Hernandez, A.C. Laurena & H. Leung

Contents

335 Physical profiles of Turkish elite badminton players M. Aydoğmuş343 Survival of actinomycetes in a soil-based carrier: A potential microbial inoculant J.A. Cruz &

M.K.M. Cadiente349 Local stakeholders’ assessment of community-based forest management and the implications for REDD Plus implementation in the Philippines R.J.J. Peras, J.M. Pulhin & M. Inoue383 Characterization and identification of growth-promoting actinomycetes: A potential microbial inoculant J.A. Cruz, N.B. Lantican, E.F. Delfin & E.S. Paterno399 Grain yield performance and stability analysis of rice varieties under rainfed lowland conditions of Western Visayas, Philippines A.D. Palanog, CA. Endino-Tayson, I.M.G. Ciocon, L.T. Sta. Ines, B.U. Tizon, J.E.A. Bibar, C.U. Seville, M. Osano-Palanog, D.K.M. Donayre, A.C.S. Suñer & E.M. Libetario409 Callus induction from young leaf explants of nipa (Nypa fruticans Wurmb.) J.A. Mantiquilla, J.D.M. Solano, R.G. Abad, G.C. Rivero & C.S.C. Silvosa427 Effects of enzymolysis, ultrafiltration and diatomaceous earth filtration on clarification of red dates (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) juice H. Yang, L. Xue, D. Fan, T. Sun & J. Deng

Contents

435 Performance of multi-functional fabrics with coffee yarns H. Zhang, X. Wu, W. Tian, Y. Li, J. Lu, C. Zhu & J. Bi441 Effects of shading treatment on the growth characteristics of Pinus koraiensis Siebold & Zucc. container seedlings J.-H. Kim, J.-H. Yoon, D.-B. Kang & D.-H. Lee453 Construction, expression, purification and biochemical properties of recombinant HarpinXooc Q. Zhu, X. Zhou, W. Li, H. Wu, Z. Zhang & X. Gao463 Reviewers -Asia Life Sciences Volume 24, No. 1, 2015467 Board of Editors -Asia Life Sciences Volume 24, No.1, 2015

Beyond Excellence©



The papers published in Asia Life Sciences are covered by theThomson Reuters-Institute for Scientific Information (ISI), USA

and CABI, Wallingford, Oxon, UK.

Asia Life Sciences has an Impact Factor of 0.259.Asia Life Sciences is a recipient of the Journal AccreditationAward of the Commission on Higher Education (CHED),



Beyond Excellence©

81 Governor F.T. San Luis Avenue, Masaya, Bay 4033, Laguna, PhilippinesCelfone nos. (063) (049) 0915-360-4660; 0921-374-9752; 0916-526-0164


http://journals.uplb.edu.ph/index.php/ALS










Actual Date of Publication: Asia Life Sciences Volume 24. Number 1 (January-June) 2015 - 15 November 2014.

de Chavez, E.R.C., I.K.C. Fontanilla, G. Batomalaque and S. Chiba. 2015. A new species of...

Documents

Transcript of de Chavez, E.R.C., I.K.C. Fontanilla, G. Batomalaque and S. Chiba. 2015. A new species of...