Committee of Ministers - rm .coe. int/C

SECRETARIAT / SECRÉTARIAT

SECRETARIAT OF THE COMMITTEE OF MINISTERS SECRÉTARIAT DU COMITÉ DES MINISTRES

Contact: Zoe Bryanston-Cross Tel: 03.90.21.59.62

Date: 28/05/2020

DH-DD(2020)464

Document distributed under the sole responsibility of its author, without prejudice to the legal or political position of the Committee of Ministers.

Meeting: 1377th meeting (June 2020) (DH)

Communication from an NGO (14/05/2020) in the case of JEHOVAH'S WITNESSES OF MOSCOW AND OTHERS v. Russian Federation (Application No. 302/02) (Moscow Branch of the Salvation Army group, 72881/01)

Information made available under Rule 9.2 of the Rules of the Committee of Ministers for the supervision of the execution of judgments and of the terms of friendly settlements.

* * * * * * * * * * *

Document distribué sous la seule responsabilité de son auteur, sans préjuger de la position juridique ou politique du Comité des Ministres.

Réunion : 1377e réunion (juin 2020) (DH)

Communication d’une ONG (14/05/2020) relative à l’affaire TEMOINS DE JEHOVAH DE MOSCOU ET AUTRES c. Fédération de Russie (requête n° 302/02) (groupe « Moscow Branch of the Salvation Army », 72881/01) [anglais uniquement]

Informations mises à disposition en vertu de la Règle 9.2 des Règles du Comité des Ministres pour la surveillance de l’exécution des arrêts et des termes des règlements amiables.

RELIG IOUS FREEDOM SUBCOMMITTEE Chairman: Tony Brace [email protected]

Telephone: + 44 20 8371 3416; Fax: + 44 20 8343 0201

Contact address: Rue d’Argile 60, 1950 Kraainem (Brussels), Belgium Tel.: ++ 32-2-782 00 15 - Fx: ++ 32-2-782 05 92 - E-mail: [email protected]

14 May 2020

Department for the Execution of Judgments of the ECHR F-67075 STRASBOURG CEDEX FRANCE [email protected]

Re: NGO Communication pursuant to Rule 9.2 of the Rules of the Committee of Ministers for the supervision of the execution of judgments and of the terms of friendly settlements regarding the following judgment: Jehovah’s Witnesses of Moscow v. Russia (302/02, 10 June 2010, enhanced supervision)

Dear Sirs,

We are writing to inform you of recent disturbing attacks against Jehovah’s Witnesses in Russia. The severe persecution of these Christians by State authorities is escalating, in blatant disregard of the Moscow judgment of the European Court of Human Rights cited above.

In the Moscow judgment, the European Court clearly stated as a matter of principle but with specific reference to Jehovah’s Witnesses “that a blanket ban on the activities of a religious com-munity belonging to a known Christian denomination is an extraordinary occurrence”.

Undoubtedly, that general statement applied to the Moscow congregation of Jehovah’s Wit-nesses as well as to all Jehovah’s Witnesses throughout Russia, both as individuals and as groups.1 In this regard, the Court emphasised concerning Jehovah’s Witnesses in general: “This differential treatment, for which Jehovah’s Witnesses also appear to have been singled out, has remained a matter of concern for the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe.” For ten years now, the situation has been progressing from bad to worse, as illustrated in the recent events detailed below.

1 A few paragraphs before its overall conclusion, the European Court speaks purposely about the overall situation of Jehovah’s Witnesses in Russia. It states: “Following the demise of the USSR and Russia’s transition to democracy, Jehovah’s Witnesses were able to practise lawfully their religion and register religious organisations at federal and regional level (see paragraph 12 above). Their religious organisation registered at federal level has been in existence since 1992 and was approved for re-registration by the Ministry of Justice in 1999, following a detailed expert study. Almost four hundred regional organisations of Jehovah’s Witnesses have been created and subsequently re-registered in other Russian regions (see paragraph 163 below). Even though some of those organisations have had to defend themselves against charges similar to those levelled in the proceedings against the applicant community before the Moscow courts (see, for example, the judgment of the Tatarstan Supreme Court relating to the refusal of a blood transfusion, cited in paragraph 84 above, or the failed criminal charge of “luring minors into the cult”, described in Kuznetsov and Others v. Russia, no. 184/02, §§ 10-13, 11 January 2007), none of them has been dissolved or restricted in their religious activities.” (§156)

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DH-DD(2020)464: Rule 9.2 : NGO in JEHOVAH'S WITNESSES OF MOSCOW AND OTHERS v. Russia. Document distributed under the sole responsibility of its author, without prejudice to the legal or political position of the Committee of Ministers.

TH E E UROP EA N A SSOC IATION O F

JEHOVAH'S WlTNESSES

IBSA HOUSE I THE RIDGEWAY I LONDON NW7 lRN I UNITED KINGDOM TELEPHONE: 020 8906 2211 (+ 44 20 8906 2211) 1 FAX: 020 8906 3938 (+ 44 20 8906 3938)

OFRCES IN: AUSTRIA BELGIUM FRANCE GEORGIA GERMANY GREECE ITALY POLAND RUSSIA SPAIN SWITZERLAND

REGISTERED CHARITY NO. 1085157

Department for the Execution of Judgments of the ECHR Page 2 14 May 2020

For the first time since the 20 April 2017 decision of Russia’s Supreme Court that resulted in a countrywide ban of Jehovah’s Witnesses, security forces have started conducting aggressive and violent raids against Jehovah’s Witnesses in the Moscow Region.

Three such raids occurred on 3 October 2019 in the town of Chekhov, Moscow Region. Fol-lowing criminal proceedings on 4 October 2019, the Babushkinskiy District Court in Moscow ordered house arrest of three individual Jehovah’s Witnesses:

Ms Zinaida Krutyakova (62 years old, married, cares for her elderly mother at home)

Mr Konstantin Zherebtsov (47 years old, married, father of a nine-year-old girl)

Mr Vitaliy Nikiforov (52 years old) (Annex 1)

All three individuals, as well as Ms Krutyakova’s husband, Mr Yuriy Krutyakov, were charged under Article 282.2(2) of the Criminal Code with “participating in extremist activity.” In his case, Mr Krutyakov Kryutyakov is being charged under three articles: 282.2(1) “organizing”; 282.2(2) “participating”; and 282.2(1.1) “recruiting” (preaching). This carries with it a maximum combined sentence of 15 years in prison. Police raids resembling violent home invasions were carried out against these individuals simply because they peaceably practise their faith. They were victimised, robbed of money and personal belongings, and now they and their families suffer emotional and physical trauma and economic hardship caused by such brutal treatment.

More recently:

Mr Yuriy Krutyakov also was arrested and imprisoned in pre-trial detention following the 5 March 2020 ruling of the Babushkinskiy District Court in Moscow.

As outlined in our previous communications (20 November 2017, 25 December 2018, 13 February 2019 and 26 June 2019), the Russian government has taken no effective note of the Moscow judgment nor of the enhanced supervision status imposed by the Committee of Ministers. To date, there have been more than 894 separate police raids on private homes of Jehovah’s Wit-nesses throughout Russia. Criminal investigations and proceedings pending against individual Jehovah’s Witnesses in different regions of Russia now number 330. There are 23 individuals imprisoned in pre-trial detention, and 18 others are under house arrest.

Our most recent communication (26 June 2019) reported that on 15 February 2019, Russian police viciously tortured seven individuals whom they had detained in Surgut, Russia. Complaints about this shocking police action were made to the relevant Investigative Directorate in Russia on the victims’ behalf, but to no avail. Other brutal incidents occurred on 6 February 2020, when several imprisoned Witnesses in Orenburg were tortured and beaten with clubs. One, Mr Feliks Makhammadiyev, suffered a broken rib, a punctured lung and damage to his kidneys. On 17 April 2020, Mr Makhammadiyev’s Russian citizenship was revoked, rendering him stateless because his former Uzbek citizenship had been annulled after he became a Russian citizen. Russia is the only State in Europe, and one of only two in the world, to have formally made Jehovah’s Witnesses stateless because of their religious beliefs. On 10 February 2020, law enforcement officials in Chita tortured Mr Vadim Kutsenko with repeated beatings, choking and electric shocks to his stomach and legs. (Annex 2)


Department for the Execution of Judgments of the ECHR Page 2 14 May 2020

The “extraordinary occurrence” of a nationwide ban on all the activities of a known Chris-tian denomination in Russia, a Member State of the Council of Europe, is singularly alarming. In addition, the uncompensated State seizure of places of worship of Jehovah’s Witnesses is the largest nationalisation by Russia of private property in post-Soviet history. Russia is blatantly acting in defiance of the Moscow judgment, which is clearly seen by the ever-increasing number of violent raids, confiscation of property and deprivation of liberty carried out by State agents brutally targeting Jehovah’s Witnesses. In these circumstances, we suggest that it would be appropriate for the Committee of Ministers to consider bringing infringement proceedings against Russia under Rule 11 of the Rules of the Committee of Ministers. The lives of more than 170,000 Russian citizens who are Jehovah’s Witnesses are directly affected.

Thank you for considering this communication. We sincerely hope that it is helpful for mon-itoring the implementation of the Court’s judgment. We shall be pleased to provide the Committee of Ministers with supporting documentation for the facts set out above, if desired. Should you require additional information concerning any of the incidents mentioned above, please do not hesitate to contact us.

Yours faithfully

Marc Hansen Tony Brace

Attachments: Annex 1 and Annex 2


Translation from Russian

1

RULING COPY

Moscow 4 October 2019

Judge Ye. D. Babinova of the Babushkinskiy District Court of the City of Moscow,

- in the presence of court clerk V. V. Selivanova,

with the participation of:

- prosecutor D. V. Dudin of the Moscow Regional Prosecutor’s Office,

- investigator for especially important cases of the First Investigative Department of the Second Directorate for the Investigation of Especially Important Cases under the MID IC1 of Russia for the Moscow Region, Yu. I. Kobylyatskiy,

- the accused V. S. Nikiforov,

- defence representative-licensed lawyer A. V. Myasnikov, who submitted identification document No. 10065 and authorisation order No. 137/A dated 3 October 2019,

- having considered the motion of the investigator for especially important cases of the First Investigative Department of the Second Directorate for the Investigation of Especially Important Cases under the MID IC of Russia for the Moscow Region, Yu. I. Kobylyatskiy, to impose house arrest on:

VITALIY SERGEYEVICH NIKIFOROV, born 13 February 1968, a native of the city of Nevel of the Pskov Region, registered and residing at the address: Moscow Region, g. Chekhov, ul. Uyezdnaya, d. 5, kv. 26, an RF citizen, married, no dependents, employed as an electronics engineer in LLC Lori-Termo, no previous convictions (being verified),

accused of having committed the crime specified by Article 282.2(2) of the RF CrC2,

ESTABLISHED: On 30 September 2019, the investigator for especially important cases of the First

Investigative Department of the Second Directorate for the Investigation of Especially Important Cases under the MID IC of Russia for the Moscow Region Yu. I. Kobylyatskiy initiated a criminal case against V. S. Nikiforov and unidentified persons, whose actions are characterised by elements of the crime specified by Article 282.2(2) of the RF CrC.

On 3 October 2019, V. S. Nikiforov was arrested under Articles 91 and 92 of the RF CrPC3 on suspicion of committing this crime.

On 3 October 2019, V. S. Nikiforov was charged with committing the crime specified by Article 282.2(2) of the RF CrC.

This criminal case was consolidated with four other criminal cases into one proceeding. The preliminary investigation was entrusted to an investigative group, and

1 Translator’s note: Main Investigative Directorate of the Investigative Committee. 2 Translator’s note: Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. 3 Translator’s note: Criminal Procedural Code of the Russian Federation.

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2

Yu. I. Kobylyatskiy, an investigator for especially important cases of the First Investigative Department of the Second Directorate for the Investigation of Especially Important Cases under the MID IC of Russia for the Moscow Region, was appointed as the director of the group.

[page 2]

The Babushkinskiy Regional Court of the City of Moscow received the investigator’s motion to impose house arrest on the accused V. S. Nikiforov in the place of his registration at the address: Moscow Region, g. Chekhov, ul. Uyezdnaya, d. 5, kv. 26, with establishment of restrictions and prohibitions, for the period through 30 November 2019. In the investigation’s view, it is not possible to impose on V. S. Nikiforov a preventive measure not related to restriction of liberty, because he may hide from the investigation and the court, continue to engage in criminal activity, put pressure on witnesses and otherwise obstruct the criminal case proceedings. At the same time, it was indicated that a request for adoption of security measures was received from witness S. V. Kuznetskiy, because he participated in exposing the involvement of V. S. Nikiforov and other persons in committing similar crimes.

In court session, the investigator and the prosecutor fully supported the investigator’s motion to impose house arrest on V. S. Nikiforov. The investigator explained that at present the location of another person (against whom a criminal case consolidated with this criminal case was initiated) has not been established.

The accused did not object to granting the investigator’s motion, but his defence representative did object. They requested that a recognisance agreement or the prohibition of certain actions with restrictions and prohibitions be imposed on V. S. Nikiforov, since there is information in the materials of the motion that V. S. Nikiforov is a member of a banned organisation. He is employed in the city of Podolsk and needs to work.

Having listened to the parties in the process and having examined the materials submitted with the motion, the court finds that the investigator’s motion should be granted. The ruling to initiate the motion was compiled with observance of the norms of criminal procedural legislation and within the statutory deadlines.

V. S. Nikiforov was legally and justifiably detained under Article 92 of the RF CrPC as a suspect in this criminal case. The procedure established by current RF criminal procedural legislation to designate him as an accused person and to bring charges against him was observed. According to the materials submitted in court session, there is sufficient information about the occurrence of the crime as well as sufficient information indicating V. S. Nikiforov’s possible involvement in committing the crime, namely, the testimony of witness S. V. Kuznetskiy and the materials of the operational-investigative activity transmitted according to the established procedure to the investigative agency.

[page 3]

In resolving the investigator’s motion to impose house arrest, the court takes into account that V. S. Nikiforov is an RF citizen, has no previous convictions (according to him), has a place of residence and registration in the Moscow Region, is a pensioner and is employed.

However, the court takes into account that V. S. Nikiforov is accused of committing an intentional serious crime punishable under criminal law by deprivation of liberty for a long period of time, over 3 years, that the accused has personal information about participants in


3

the criminal proceedings and that the location of another suspect has not been established. Taking into account the above facts relating to the nature, aim and circumstances of the crime with which V. S. Nikiforov is charged, it finds that if a preventive measure not related to isolation from society in residential premises is imposed on V. S. Nikiforov, he may abscond from the investigation and the court, continue to engage in criminal activity, put pressure on parties to the criminal proceedings at this stage of the preliminary investigation or otherwise obstruct the criminal case proceedings.

Under such circumstances, the court finds that the accused’s proper conduct at the preliminary investigation stage cannot be ensured by imposing on him a preventive measure less severe than house arrest with establishment of the prohibitions specified by Article 107(7) of the RF CrPC.

No circumstances that objectively impede imposing house arrest on the accused V. S. Nikiforov, including for health reasons, were established during the court session or submitted to the court.

Along with this, the period for which the preventive measure requested by the investigator may be imposed, equal to 1 month and 27 days, ends on 29 November 2019.

Based on the above and being guided by Articles 107 and 108 of the RF CrPC, the court

RULED: To deny the defence representative’s motion to impose on V. S. Nikiforov a

preventive measure not related to house arrest, including the prohibition of certain actions.

To impose on the accused VITALIY SERGEYEVICH NIKIFOROV, born 13 February 1968, a native of the city of Nevel of the Pskov Region, an RF citizen, house arrest in his place

[page 4]

of registration at the address: Moscow Region, g. Chekhov, ul. Uyezdnaya, d. 5, kv. 26, for a period of 1 month and 27 days, that is, through 29 November 2019.

In accordance with Article 107 of the RF CrPC, to establish the following prohibitions and restrictions on V. S. Nikiforov:

- Not to leave the residence at the address: Moscow Region, g. Chekhov, ul. Uyezdnaya, d. 5, kv. 26, without the written permission of the investigator who is processing the criminal case and of the court, except for visits to health facilities for emergency medical care and hospitalisation if there are appropriate reasons and daily walks for 2 hours in the time period from 11 a.m. to 12 p.m. and from 3 p.m. to 4 p.m. within 500 metres from the home at the above address.

- Not to communicate with accused persons, suspects and witnesses in the criminal case or with persons other than his defence representatives regarding the circumstances of the criminal case being investigated.

- Not to receive and send correspondence, including letters, telegrams, parcels and electronic communications.


4

- Not to use any communications or the Internet, except for use of a telephone to call emergency medical assistance, law enforcement agencies or emergency and rescue services in case of an emergency as well as for communicating with the investigator who is processing the criminal case, the supervisory agency and the lawyer-defence representative in this criminal case.

To entrust the federal agency of executive power that carries out the enforcement functions of monitoring and supervision in the field of enforcement of criminal penalties against convicted persons with monitoring that V. S. Nikiforov is located in the place of house arrest and that the prohibitions and restrictions imposed by the court are being observed.

To explain to the accused V. S. Nikiforov that, if he violates the house arrest and the conditions of this preventive measure, the investigator is entitled to submit a motion to change this preventive measure.

To immediately release from custody, in the courtroom, the accused VITALIY SERGEYEVICH NIKIFOROV.

The ruling may be appealed to the Moscow City Court within 3 days from the day rendered.

Judge [stamp] [stamp signature] Ye. D. Babinova


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Ea611Hosa E.J.


1

RULING COPY







- the accused Z. V. Krutyakova,

- defence representative-licensed lawyer A. V. Mikhalev, who submitted identification document No. 6215 and authorisation order No. 008165 dated 4 October 2019,


ZINAIDA VALENTINOVNA KRUTYAKOVA, born 6 May 1958, a native of the village of Nizhnedevitsk of the Voronezh Region, an RF citizen, registered and residing at the address: Moscow Region, g. Chekhov, Vishnevyy bulvar, d. 8, kv. 31, an RF citizen, married, no dependents, employed as a cleaner at Secondary School No. 2 of the city of Chekhov, no previous convictions (being verified),



Investigative Department of the Second Directorate for the Investigation of Especially Important Cases under the MID IC of Russia for the Moscow Region Yu. I. Kobylyatskiy initiated a criminal case against Z. V. Krutyakova and unidentified persons, whose actions are characterised by elements of the crime specified by Article 282.2(2) of the RF CrC.

On 3 October 2019, Z. V. Krutyakova was arrested under Articles 91 and 92 of the RF CrPC3 on suspicion of committing this crime.

On 3 October 2019, Z. V. Krutyakova was charged with committing the crime specified by Article 282.2(2) of the RF CrC.

1 Translator’s note: Main Investigative Directorate of the Investigative Committee. 2 Translator’s note: Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. 3 Translator’s note: Criminal Procedural Code of the Russian Federation.


2

This criminal case was consolidated with four other criminal cases into one proceeding. The preliminary investigation was entrusted to an investigative group, and Yu. I. Kobylyatskiy, an investigator for especially important cases of the First Investigative Department of the Second Directorate for the Investigation of Especially Important Cases under the MID IC of Russia for the Moscow Region, was appointed as the director of the group.

[page 2]

The Babushkinskiy Regional Court of the City of Moscow received the investigator’s motion to impose house arrest on the accused Z. V. Krutyakova in the place of her registration at the address: Moscow Region, g. Chekhov, Vishnevyy bulvar, d. 8, kv. 31, with establishment of restrictions and prohibitions, for the period through 30 November 2019. In the investigation’s view, it is not possible to impose on Z. V. Krutyakova a preventive measure not related to restriction of liberty, because she may hide from the investigation and the court, continue to engage in criminal activity, put pressure on witnesses and otherwise obstruct the criminal case proceedings. At the same time, it was indicated that a request for adoption of security measures was received from witness S. V. Kuznetskiy, because he participated in exposing the involvement of Z. V. Krutyakova and other persons in committing similar crimes.

In court session, the investigator and the prosecutor fully supported the investigator’s motion to impose house arrest on Z. V. Krutyakova.

The accused and her defence representative objected against the investigator’s motion being granted. They requested that a preventive measure other than house arrest be imposed, since this preventive measure vitally affects the members of the accused’s family, inasmuch as she cares for her elderly mother.


Z. V. Krutyakova was legally and justifiably detained under Article 92 of the RF CrPC as a suspect in this criminal case. The procedure established by current RF criminal procedural legislation to designate her as an accused person and to bring charges against her was observed. According to the materials submitted in court session, there is sufficient information about the occurrence of the crime as well as sufficient information indicating Z. V. Krutyakova’s possible involvement in committing the crime, namely, the testimony of witness S. V. Kuznetskiy and the materials of the operational-investigative activity transmitted according to the established procedure to the investigative agency.

In resolving the investigator’s motion to impose house arrest, the court takes into account that Z. V. Krutyakova has no previous convictions, is an RF citizen, has a place of residence and registration in the Moscow Region, has a job and cares for her retired mother.

[page 3]

However, the court takes into account that Z. V. Krutyakova is accused of committing an intentional serious crime punishable under criminal law by deprivation of liberty for a long period of time, over 3 years, that the accused has personal information about participants in the criminal proceedings. Taking into account the above facts relating to the nature, aim and


3

circumstances of the crime with which she is charged, it finds that if a preventive measure not related to isolation from society in residential premises is imposed on Z. V. Krutyakova, she may abscond from the investigation and the court, continue to engage in criminal activity, put pressure on witnesses at this stage of the preliminary investigation or otherwise obstruct the criminal case proceedings.

Under such circumstances, the court finds that the accused’s proper conduct at the preliminary investigation stage cannot be ensured by imposing on her a preventive measure less severe than house arrest with establishment of the prohibitions specified by Article 107(7) of the RF CrPC.

No circumstances that objectively impede imposing house arrest on the accused Z. V. Krutyakova, including for health reasons, were established during the court session or submitted to the court.



RULED: To impose on the accused ZINAIDA VALENTINOVNA KRUTYAKOVA, born

6 May 1958, a native of the village of Nizhnedevitsk of the Voronezh Region, an RF citizen, house arrest in her place of registration at the address: Moscow Region, g. Chekhov, Vishnevyy bulvar, d. 8, kv. 31, for a period of 1 month and 27 days, that is, through 29 November 2019.

In accordance with Article 107 of the RF CrPC, to establish the following prohibitions and restrictions on Z. V. Krutyakova:

- Not to leave the residence at the address: Moscow Region, g. Chekhov, Vishnevyy bulvar, d. 8, kv. 31, without the written permission of the investigator who is processing the criminal case and of the court, except for participation in necessary investigative

[page 4]

actions with the permission of the investigator, visits to health facilities for emergency medical care and hospitalisation if there are appropriate reasons and daily walks for 2 hours in the time period from 9 a.m. to 10 a.m. and from 1 p.m. to 2 p.m. within 500 metres from the home at the above address.



- Not to use any communications or the Internet, except for use of a telephone to call emergency medical assistance, law enforcement agencies or emergency and rescue services in case of an emergency as well as for communicating with the investigator who is processing


4

the criminal case, the supervisory agency and the lawyer-defence representative in this criminal case.

To entrust the federal agency of executive power that carries out the enforcement functions of monitoring and supervision in the field of enforcement of criminal penalties against convicted persons with monitoring that Z. V. Krutyakova is located in the place of house arrest and that the prohibitions and restrictions imposed by the court are being observed.

To explain to the accused Z. V. Krutyakova that, if she violates the house arrest and the conditions of this preventive measure, the investigator is entitled to submit a motion to change this preventive measure.

To immediately release from custody, in the courtroom, the accused ZINAIDA VALENTINOVNA KRUTYAKOVA.




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1

RULING COPY







- the accused K. P. Zherebtsov,

- defence representative-licensed lawyer T. V. Dronova, who submitted identification document No. 16897 and authorisation order No. 543 dated 4 October 2019,


KONSTANTIN PETROVICH ZHEREBTSOV, born 26 August 1973, a native of the city of Mary of the Mary Region of the Turkmen SSR, registered and residing at the address: Moscow Region, g. Chekhov, ul. Magistralnaya, d. 12, an RF citizen, married, having a minor child born in 2010, employed as a machine operator in JSC2 ZIO Podolsk, no previous convictions (being verified),



Investigative Department of the Second Directorate for the Investigation of Especially Important Cases under the MID IC of Russia for the Moscow Region Yu. I. Kobylyatskiy initiated a criminal case against K. P. Zherebtsov and unidentified persons, whose actions are characterised by elements of the crime specified by Article 282.2(2) of the RF CrC.

On 3 October 2019, K. P. Zherebtsov was arrested under Articles 91 and 92 of the RF CrPC4 on suspicion of committing this crime.

On 3 October 2019, K. P. Zherebtsov was charged with committing the crime specified by Article 282.2(2) of the RF CrC.

1 Translator’s note: Main Investigative Directorate of the Investigative Committee. 2 Translator’s note: Joint-Stock Company. 3 Translator’s note: Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. 4 Translator’s note: Criminal Procedural Code of the Russian Federation.


2

This criminal case was consolidated with four other criminal cases into one proceeding. The preliminary investigation was entrusted to an investigative group, and Yu. I. Kobylyatskiy, an investigator for especially important cases of the First Investigative Department of the Second Directorate for the Investigation of Especially Important Cases under the MID IC of Russia for the Moscow Region, was appointed as the director of the group.

[page 2]

The Babushkinskiy Regional Court of the City of Moscow received the investigator’s motion to impose house arrest on the accused K. P. Zherebtsov in the place of his registration at the address: Moscow Region, g. Chekhov, ul. Magistralnaya, d. 12, with establishment of restrictions and prohibitions, for the period through 30 November 2019. In the investigation’s view, it is not possible to impose on K. P. Zherebtsov a preventive measure not related to restriction of liberty, because he may hide from the investigation and the court, continue to engage in criminal activity, put pressure on witnesses and otherwise obstruct the criminal case proceedings. At the same time, it was indicated that a request for adoption of security measures was received from witness S. V. Kuznetskiy, because he participated in exposing the involvement of K. P. Zherebtsov and other persons in committing similar crimes.

In court session, the investigator and the prosecutor fully supported the investigator’s motion to impose house arrest on K. P. Zherebtsov. The investigator explained that at present the location of another person (against whom a criminal case consolidated with this criminal case was initiated) has not been established.

The accused and his defence representative objected to the investigator’s motion being granted and requested that a recognisance agreement be imposed, since K. P. Zherebtsov has a minor child and his wife’s retired parents as dependents, has positive character references from work and needs to provide for his family materially.


K. P. Zherebtsov was legally and justifiably detained under Article 92 of the RF CrPC as a suspect in this criminal case. The procedure established by current RF criminal procedural legislation to designate him as an accused person and to bring charges against him was observed. According to the materials submitted in court session, there is sufficient information about the occurrence of the crime as well as sufficient information indicating K. P. Zherebtsov’s possible involvement in committing the crime, namely, the testimony of witness S. V. Kuznetskiy and the materials of the operational-investigative activity transmitted according to the established procedure to the investigative agency.

In resolving the investigator’s motion to impose house arrest, the court takes into account that K. P. Zherebtsov is

[page 3]

an RF citizen, has no previous convictions (according to him), has a place of residence and registration in the Moscow Region, has a job, and has a minor child suffering from a number of illnesses and his wife’s retired parents as dependents.


3

However, the court takes into account that K. P. Zherebtsov is accused of committing an intentional serious crime punishable under criminal law by deprivation of liberty for a long period of time, over 3 years, that the accused has personal information about participants in the criminal proceedings and that the location of another suspect has not been established. Taking into account the above facts relating to the nature, aim and circumstances of the crime with which K. P. Zherebtsov is charged, it finds that if a preventive measure not related to isolation from society in residential premises is imposed on K. P. Zherebtsov, he may abscond from the investigation and the court, continue to engage in criminal activity, put pressure on parties to the criminal proceedings at this stage of the preliminary investigation or otherwise obstruct the criminal case proceedings.

Under such circumstances, the court finds that the accused’s proper conduct at the preliminary investigation stage cannot be ensured by imposing on him a preventive measure less severe than house arrest with establishment of the prohibitions specified by Article 107(7) of the RF CrPC.

No circumstances that objectively impede imposing house arrest on the accused K. P. Zherebtsov, including for health reasons, were established during the court session or submitted to the court.



RULED: To impose on the accused KONSTANTIN PETROVICH ZHEREBTSOV, born

26 August 1973, a native of the city of Mary of the Mary Region of the Turkmen SSR, an RF citizen, house arrest in his place of registration at the address: Moscow Region, g. Chekhov, ul. Magistralnaya, d. 12, for a period of 1 month and 27 days, that is, through 29 November 2019.

In accordance with Article 107 of the RF CrPC, to establish the following prohibitions and restrictions on K. P. Zherebtsov:

[page 4]

- Not to leave the residence at the address: Moscow Region, g. Chekhov, ul. Magistralnaya, d. 12, without the written permission of the investigator who is processing the criminal case and of the court, except for visits to health facilities for emergency medical care and hospitalisation if there are appropriate reasons and daily walks for 2 hours in the time period from 10 a.m. to 11 a.m. and from 2 p.m. to 3 p.m. within 500 metres from the home at the above address.




4

- Not to use any communications or the Internet, except for use of a telephone to call emergency medical assistance, law enforcement agencies or emergency and rescue services in case of an emergency as well as for communicating with the investigator who is processing the criminal case, the supervisory agency and the lawyer-defence representative in this criminal case.

To entrust the federal agency of executive power that carries out the enforcement functions of monitoring and supervision in the field of enforcement of criminal penalties against convicted persons with monitoring that K. P. Zherebtsov is located in the place of house arrest and that the prohibitions and restrictions imposed by the court are being observed.

To explain to the accused K. P. Zherebtsov that, if he violates the house arrest and the conditions of this preventive measure, the investigator is entitled to submit a motion to change this preventive measure.

To immediately release from custody, in the courtroom, the accused KONSTANTIN PETROVICH ZHEREBTSOV.




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WORLD NEWS FEBRUARY 14, 2020 / 10:00 AM / 3 MONTHS AGO

Russian Jehovah's Witness adherent was tortured in custody, says lawyer

2 M I N R E A D

MOSCOW (Reuters) - Russian law enforcement officers in Siberia detained an adherent of the Jehovah’s Witnesses late one evening this week and drove him to a secluded area where they beat him violently and threatened him, his lawyer said on Friday.

Russia labeled the Jehovah’s Witnesses an extremist organization in 2017 and ordered it to disband. Since then a crackdown has seen dozens of adherents detained and hundreds hit with criminal charges.

Law enforcement officers in the city of Chita, six time zones east of Moscow, put a bag over Vadim Kutsenko’s head, drove him to a wooded area where they beat his head and legs, put him in a chokehold and used a taser on him, lawyer Artur Ganin said.

The National Guard and police did not immediately respond to a request for comment.

The alleged incident occurred on Monday after police searched nearly 40 homes of Jehavoh’s Witnesses including that of Kutsenko whom they detained and then released after questioning him.

The officers, who were dressed in plain clothes, detained Kutsenko again later at his mother-in-law’s house. They threatened him and told him to confess and to disclose information about other Jehovah’s Witnesses, Ganin told Reuters.

After he refused to confess or divulge information, Kutsenko was taken to an investigator’s office where the officers who detained him identified themselves as members of the Russian National Guard, Ganin said.

Kutsenko, who is being held in police custody pending a court hearing, is suspected of helping to organize the Jehovah’s Witnesses’ activities in Chita.

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Speech

UK statement on the situation of Jehovah's Witnesses in the Russian Federation Delivered by Ambassador Neil Bush at the OSCE Permanent Council on 12 March 2020.

Published 12 March 2020

From: Foreign & Commonwealth Office (https://www.gov.uk/government/organisations/foreign-commonwealth-office) and Neil Bush (https://www.gov.uk/government/people/neil-bush)

Delivered on: 12 March 2020 (Speaker's notes, may differ from delivered version)

Page 1 of 3UK statement on the situation of Jehovah's Witnesses in the Russian Federation - GOV.UK

5/6/2020https://www.gov.uk/government/speeches/uk-statement-on-the-situation-of-jehovahs-witnes...


The United Kingdom remains concerned about the situation of Jehovah’s Witnesses in the Russian Federation. The ruling of the Russian Supreme Court in July 2017, which rejected the appeal against the decision to categorise Jehovah’s Witnesses as “extremists”, criminalised the peaceful worship of 175,000 Russian citizens and contravened the right to religious freedom that is enshrined in the Russian Constitution, and in multiple OSCE commitments.

Since that ruling, we have witnessed an increasing number of detentions, criminal investigations and prosecutions of Jehovah’s Witnesses across Russia.

We echo the deep concern over the allegations of torture and mistreatment of Jehovah’s Witnesses. On 6 February this year in Orenburg, five Jehovah’s Witnesses were transferred to Penal Colony #1 and, on arrival, were all beaten by guards. One of them, Feliks Makhmmadiev, was hospitalised as a result. On 10 February, there were reports that another Jehovah’s Witness, Vadim Kutsenko, was tortured in a forest near Chita.

Participating States have affirmed their commitment to eradicating torture and we reiterate our condemnation of all forms of torture as one of the most flagrant violations of human rights and human dignity. We urge the Russian authorities to ensure thorough investigations into these allegations.

As well as these worrying individual cases, 869 homes have been searched, 316 individuals have been charged under Article 282.2 of the Criminal Code (participation in extremism), 26 individuals are in pre-trial detention, a further 23 under house arrest, and 29 persons have been convicted.

Respected NGOs such as Human Rights Watch and Forum 18 have documented the restrictions on Jehovah’s Witnesses. House raids are often conducted in the early hours of the morning by large numbers of masked and armed police. Local police are accompanied by Rosgvardia (National Guard) personnel, special rapid reaction police and Federal Security Service (FSB) officers. Officers have confiscated bibles and other religious materials, as well as computers, phones and other personal items.

So-called “evidence” used against those convicted includes regular aspects of communal religious life, for example reading the Bible at a Bible study session, participating in worship, or hosting people in a home for Bible readings or worship.

Sentences have included imprisonment, suspended sentences, or fines of about a year’s average local wages.

In 2017 and on a number of subsequent occasions, the Delegation of the Russian Federation have attempted to justify the ban on Jehovah’s Witnesses while also assuring the OSCE Permanent Council that individual Jehovah’s Witnesses were able to practice their religion at home, stressing repeatedly that no permission is required to pray in Russia. In December 2018, President Putin queried why Jehovah’s Witnesses were being persecuted, noting that all religions should be treated equally.




It is clear from the figures above that any manifestation of their faith by Jehovah’s Witnesses can result in the search of their homes, lengthy detention, criminal prosecution and imprisonment. The scale of the home raids, including a number of raids within a city on a single day, creates the impression of an organised campaign of persecution against Jehovah’s Witnesses.

In Vienna in 1989, OSCE participating States agreed to ensure the freedom of the individual to profess and practice religion or belief. In Kyiv in 2013, states again agreed to:

• Fully implement their commitments to ensure the right of all individuals to profess and practice religion or belief, either alone or in community with others, and in public or private, and to manifest their religion or belief through teaching, practice, worship and observance, including through transparent and non-discriminatory laws, regulations, practices and policies;

We call on the Russian authorities to end the persecution of Jehovah’s Witnesses, and to uphold the commitments on the right to freedom of thought, conscience, religion or belief for all individuals across the Russian Federation.

Published 12 March 2020

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