California Underwater Parks and Reserves, 2000 DRAFT Plan

CALIFORNIA

UNDERWATER PARKS AND RESERVES

2000

DRAFT PLAN

March 1997

by

W. James Barry, Ph.D.

Senior State Park Ecologist

‘F

Ahd4 ‘r

JphnWFoster ‘‘ "

Senior State Arbhâ’e&ógist*

TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION 1NATURAL HERITAGE FEATURES 4

CULTURAL HERITAGE FEATURES 6RECREATIONAL FEATURES 9

Scenic Values 9RecreatonaI Values 10Recreation Demand 11

OUTLINE OF ACTIONS 13SUMMARY 13

APPENDIX AStatus of Existing Underwater Units of the StatePark System 14

APPENDIX BUnderwater Areas Proposed for Study andPotential Inclusion into the State Park System 15

APPENDP CHierarphical Marine cologicalClassification of Galifornia with Listings of UpØerwaterState Park System Units and Proposed Additions 16

Areas with Special Dpsignations in the Oregonian MarineEcological Region 16

Areas with Special Dsiqnation in the NorthernCalifornian Marine Ecological Region 17

Areas witj Special Designations in the Southern-BajaCalifornian Marine 18

APP.END.IX C-i California Marine Areas with SpecialDesignations 20

APPENDIX DMatrices of Californip Underwater Projectsand Natural, Cultural and Recreational Features 28APPENDIX EAvailablQ Taxa Lists for CaliforniaUnderwater Parks andReserves and Some Proposed Additions 33

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1. Terrestrial and marine ecological regions of

California . 3

II

INTROpUCTION

Point Lobos State Reserve became the first marine protected area in the

Nation on July 1, 1960. Fee transfer of 750 acres of submerged lands were

annexed to the terrestrial portion of the reserve. John Pennecamp Corai

Reef State Park, in the Florida Keys, was established in 1962. Later Buck

Reef National Monument was established in the Virgin islands.

California Department of Parks and Recreation DPR Underwater Parks

Program was established by Director William Penn Mott, Jr in 1968. He

appointed a scientific and industry represented panel - the California

Advisory Board for Underwater Parks and Reserves. The boards mission

was to identify outstanding and representative examples of underwater

ecosystems both marine and inland waters and to recommend

management methods for both preservation and recreational use.

The Board has investigated numerous sites and has made recommendations

for inclusion to the State Park System SPS of suitable areas. Early

additions include underwater extensions of Russian Gulch, MacKerricher,

Van Damme, Salt Point, Julia Pleiffer Burns State Parks, Fort Ross State

Historic Park, Sonoma Coast and Doheny State Beaches 1970. Currently

15 of the 264 units of the SPS include contiguous underwater portions

totalling around 54,000 acres. Most are managed by DPR with 49 year

leases from State Lands Commission. DPR has avoided stand - alone

underwater park units due to difficulty in staffing and protection.

Gaps in the underwater component of the California State Park System are

evident in several regions of the State. To access deficiencies in biological

diversity we have divided the State into "Ecological Regions" Figure 1.

Ecological regions are the basis for natural heritage planning of the State

Park System Sec. 5019.53 of the California Public Resources Code. The

marine ecological regions are the focus of this plan; however terrestrial

ecological regions are utilized for non-marine underwater analysis. For more

information on ecological regions refer to "Ecological Regions of California"

a document which was prepared for the Interagency Natural Areas

Coordinating Council" and to the 1:1 million scale map available the

California Natural Diversity Data Base Geographic Information System.

Offshore cultural heritage features include both prehistoric sites and artifacts

as well as historical features such as shipwrecks. Many coastal

archeological sites have been inundated as the sea level rose after the last

ice age. However very few of these sites have been identified due to the

difficulties in relocation.

Recreational features often relate to areas of high natural diversity as these

areas tend to be most attractive. Ship wreak sites are also popular with

divers. Safe diving access is an issue to be addressed in this plan; facility

development for skin and SCUBA divers is also important to the diving

public. Interpretation of cultural and natural features is important to

achieving the missions of the Department. interpretation is an important

product of research; as it informs the public of their California Heritage.

More than 25 marine additions and several freshwater additions are

currently under consideration for inclusion into the State Park System; these

2

ECOLOGICAL REGIONS OF CALIFORNIA

1. COAST REDWOOD FOREST

2. CALIFORNIA MIXED EVERGREEN FOR EST3. GREAT CENTRAL VALLEY

4. INTERIOR CALIFORNIA COAST RANGES

5. SIERRAN NEVADA FOOThILLS6. TRANSVERSE RANGES

7. LOS ANGELES BASIN. COASTAL TERRACE8. CHANNEL ISLANDS9. NORThERN PENINSULAR RANGES

10. SOUTh CASCADE11. KLAMATH MOUNTAINS12. WESTERN SIERRA NEVADA

13. EASTERN SIERRA NEVADA

2

I.1

.I.

C’14. TRANS-CASCADE

15. MODOC PLATEAU

16. TRANS-SIERRA

17. INYO

18. WESTERN MOJAVE DESERT

19. EASTERN MOJAVE DESERT

20. LOWER COLORADO RIVER VALLEYDESERT

21. OREGONIAN MARINE

24. SOUTHERN-BAJA CALIFORNIA MARINE

include stand - alone units of high ecological and for cultural importance.

NATURAL HERITAGE FEATURES

I6

-I

22. NORThERN CALIFORNIAN MARINE

23. CENTRAL CALIFORNIAN MARINE

*.1-3’

24

3

The four marine ecological regions are delineated in Figure 1. The northern

Oregonian Ecological Region north of Cape MendeCino and the Channel

islands of the Southern-Baja Californian Ecological Region are not

represented in the State Park System. The major reason for the total lack

of underwater park units in the northern Oregonian Ecological Region is the

lack of recreational diving opportunities in this part of the region. Seas are

normally heavy and visibility is usually very poor. On the other hand some

of the worlds best diving is adjacent to the Channel islands. The deficiency

in underwater park units around the Channel Islands is due to an unwritten

policy that the Department of Parks and Recreation has followed; that is,

underwatet units are npt to be established without a terrestrial component.

This policy needs to be re-evaluated if we are to protect the biological

diversity of marine ecosystems found in State Waters.

The establishment of underwater units in the State Park System requires

petitioning the State Lands Commission for long term leases of tracts of

submerged lands. These leases require some utilization of the land, which

usually implies recreational use, i.e. SCUBA diving opportunities; or

interpretive use; the Commission has been somewhat reluctant to lease land

strictly for preservation purposes. We have taken the approach that these

leases are in partnership with the State Lands Commission and inform the

public of this in our interpretive programs. Fee title transfer has only

occurred at Point Lobos State Reserve and legislatively at Mono Lake Tufa

State Reserve. All other underwater areas are leased from State Lands

Commission. These leases usually are for fifty years; if DPR does not show

active management by the end of the lease, it may not be renewed. Leases

4

may allow State Lands Commission to utilize the resources of the

submerged areas i.e. offshore oil and mining are still possible under the

terms of some leases. To date, the process has been long and cumbersome;

a project by project approach. It may be more feasible to approach the

commission with a well conceived plan for rounding out the deficiencies in

the system. The protection of natural features in marine environments is

more complex than on land. The California Department of Fish and Game

has statutory authority over living marine resources; therefore the Fish and

Game Commission must approve any protection of living marine resources

that we may propose. Regulations of take are specific for each "Ecological

Reserve" in the Fish and Game Code; these regulations are set by the

commission. Regulations effecting commercial fishing are established by the

legislature and enforced by the Department of Fish and Game. If DPR

wishes to protect living marine resources found in underwater units,

"ecological reserve" classification must be superimposed on the DPR

classification. The question of authority is further complicated by the State

Water Quality Control Board’s jurisdiction over the water collum; a number

of years ago they established "Areas of Special Biological Significance"

ASBS along the California Coast - many are adjacent to coastal units and

most of DPR underwater units fall into this category. Basically this

classification protects against point source pollution.

With all the overlaying classifications necessary to protect the biodiversity of

marj,pe ecosystems, it appears that the most efficient and timely process is

legislative. However, this action plan should be prepared in a manor that can

be applied either to State Lands and Fish and Game Commissions Actions,

as well as the State Water Quality Control Board.

5

CULTURAL HERITAGE FEATURES

Although formal exploration has only recently begun, two basic types of

cultural sites have been located in the underwater environment of California.

They are Native American archaeological sites and objects, and historic-erashipwrecks, cargo spills or landing sites.

Our state has a rich and varied maritime history. Native California peoples

lived in large, settled villages along the Pacific coastline for many centuries

before European contact. In some areas, such as along the Santa Barbara

Channel and San Francisco Bay, these villages developed a highly

sophisticated technology, with widespread trade using native watercraft.

Boat construction reached its highest development in California among the

Chumash. Their plank canoe, called a tomol, impressed early explorers of

the California coast for its versatility and seaworthiness. Recent dating of

middens on San Clemente Island some 60 miles offshore has documented

an ancient maritime culture dating back some 8,000 years. California

coastal groups were technologically advanced and highly organized. Trading

expeditions from the mainland were common to the Channel Islands to

obtain steatite for soapstone bowls and effigy figurines. The result of this

prehistoric seafaring is being recorded by underwater archaeologists in

quantities of artifacts recovered and preserved from the offshore areas. At

least 25 individual sites have been reported between Ventura Beach and

Point Conception. A recent exploration of Goleta State Beach yielded six

stone bowls in one dive. Many other similar sites no doubt await discovery.

The lakes and rivers of California also contain valuable prehistoric sites. Fish

6

traps at Ahjumawi Lava Springs Slate Park demonstrate the systematic

management and harvest of suckers by native people. Submerged bedrock

mortars in Emerald Bay await dating and interpretation. Other submerged

sites and preserved prehistoric watercraft have been reported in rivers and

lakes.

The rise in sea level overthe past 10,000 years has resulted in submergence

of many archeological sites. One well known area at the edge of the La Jollasubmarine canyon has yielded more than 2,000 stone bowls, from depths

ranging up to 80 feet. This site is a submerged village, dated by

archaeologists at 4,000 to 5,000 years old. A great deal of information on

sea level change and the ancient cultures that first colonized California can

be learnedat such sites.

The first recorded European vessels to visit California were Cabrillo’s

caravels, Victoria and Salvador, which cautiously made their way up the

Pacific coast in 1542. Twenty-three years later, the first galleon made a

trans-Pacific crossing, and opened the Manila route to be followed for the

next 250 years. California’s first recorded shipwreck is that of the San

Aupustin, which was driven ashore in 1595 at Drake’s Bay. Since then,

thousands of vessels have been lost in our waters. These ships, their

cargoes, and the mooring systems which restrained them are the physical

remains of a rich maritime legacy in California.

Discovery of the remains of an 1850 Baltimore clipper has sparked

tremendous interest in the early history of Mendocino county. The Frolic,

wrecked near Caspar, was carrying a cargo of trade goods to gold rush

7

California. The artifacts provide a glimpse of the flurry of activity that brought

people and goods from all over the world to the golden state. Silver tinder

boxes, oyster shell window glass and Chinese porcelains have been

recovered and exhibited. The wreck site remains an impressive historical

feature.

Gold rush shipwrecks have also been recently documented in the

Sacramento River within Old Sacramento SHP. The LaGrange and Sterling,

former sailing vessels that carried pioneers around the horn to the California

gold fields in 1849, ended their days tied to the Sacramento levee. They

sank into the mud only to reappear a century and a half later at the foot of

the present flood wall. Examples of their timbers and contents have been

preserved by underwater archaeologists.

Historic shipwreck sites, artifacts, and associated maritime features will be

evaluated on an individual basis to determine their significance to California

history. Important resources of statewide significance will be proposed for

underwater park status in order to protect and interpret them. in this way, a

record of California’s maritime heritage can be made available for the

enjoyment of present and future generations.

8

RECREATIONAL FEATURES

Scenic Values

The underwater world has many of the scenic values found in terrestrial

elements. However, seascapes are not comparable to terrestrial

landscapes, because underwater visibility is generally less than 100 feet.

The brilliant colors and extreme diversity of life and motion within a small

underwater area, however, provide as much, if not more, variety than found

in a terrestrial viewshed.

The underwater world holds vast contrasts in forms, motions, colors, light,

and clarity of space. Forms vary from vertical rock wails to flat sandy

bottoms. Motions range from kelp waving, in the surge caused by wave

energy, to the still, black waters of estuaries.

Colors vary from dull and monotonous to kaleidoscope like, with vivid colors

of every shade and hues, brought together in endless patterns. Fish, in

schools or solitary, quick or sluggish, are part of the never-ending contrast

of physical elements and life forms.

Water is characteristically clear in some areas, while other areas are always

murky, or of high refractivity which reduces visibility. Clear water is generally

preferred for recreational diving, but water clarity is not important to

preservation projects.

9

Recreational Values

The recreational aspect of diving is almost as diverse as the backgrounds of

the divers. Most divers never have been, nor do they intend to become,

professional divers. The main interest of the estimated three million active

self-contained underwater breathing apparatus scuba divers in the nation,

and the 400,000 in California, is recreation.

The first steps to becoming a scuba diver is usually snorkeling, which

provides a view of the underwater world from the surface, along with brief

excursions into shallow depths, From this point, many people advance to

scuba lessons and equipment. The ability of the diver to stay underwater is

greatly extended, and the pursuit of underwater recreation or hobbies begins

in earnest.

Some people dive just for the enjoyment of sightseeing and entering a newenvironment, or the sheer pleasure of a new experience. 1-lowever, this

attraction usually wears off, and divers find new underwater interests. Divers

may branch into photography or behavioral studies of marine organisms.

Underwater "fishing" for clams, lobster, abalone, or fish may become a

recreational pursuit. Divers may collect shells or geological specimens,

investigate caves or wrecks, or study underwater archeology.

The array of underwater activities by scuba divers is still expanding.

Providing divers and non-divers access to and interpretation of underwater

10

environments will give them a better Understanding of its importance, fragile

nature, and beauty, and will be a major part of this program.

Recreation Demand

Proximity to large urban populations is important to frequently serve a great

number of people. A large segment of the public appreciates the ocean, and

will use underwater units, if not as scuba divers, then as skin divers or as

enthusiastic visitors to interpretive programs held in visitor centers and or in

intertidal wading areas on land.

There is little doubt that the underwater units of the State Park System will

continue to receive increasing visitor use. Nationwide studies indicated that

44 percent of the people who engage in outdoor recreation prefer

water-based activities over all others ORRRC 1962. In 1983, there were

about 400,000 active, certified scuba divers in California. This is about 13

percent of the nation’s total. There are approximately 12,000 new,

entry-level divers in California each year. In 1977, 5,000 divers used Point

Lobos State Reserve, while another 10,000 dove in adjacent waters. An

estimated 30,000 divers use Salt Point State Park each year. One thousand

scuba divers annually use the specially designed underwater area developed

at Lake Perris State Recreational Area An uncounted number of divers use

many other units of the State Park System.

Based on an annual survey by the Diving Equipment Manufacturers’

Association, Californians spent approximately $35,000,000 on skin and

scuba diving equipment in 1983. An equal amount is spent on related

services such as training boat trips, tours, and transportation to and from

11

dive sites.

Based on rough data obtained by a household survey done by the Stanford

Research Institute for this department in 1978, 400,000 people participated

in recreational skin and scuba diving activities during June, July, and August

of 1978. All these statistics are outdated but give an idea of the importance

of this recreational activity in California

12

RECOMMENDATIONS

A. Continue evaluations of proposed underwater units for inclusion in tothe State Park System

B. Prepare a gap analysis of underwater natural and cultural diversity

C. Identify deficiencies in natural diversity, cultural diversity andrecreational opportunities

D. Prepare updated underwater parks and reserves plan

E. Formulate partnerships Federal, State, Local Agencies, and PrivateIndustries and Foundations

F. Petition State Lands Commission for land transfers or long termleases of areas identified in the underwater parks and reserves plan

G. Petition Fish and Game Commission for Ecological Reserve statuswhere necessary

H. Petition California Water Board for Areas of Special BiologicalSignificance where necessary

I. Prepare legislation for the establishment of an underwater componentof the State Park System.

SUMMARY

The current status of State Park System underwater activities is summarizedin Appendices A and B. Appendix C is a coarse filtered gap analysis ofdeficiencies by marine ecological regions. This document is preliminary, asare the proposed actions. Input from all interested parties is welcomed.

13

APPENDIX ASTATUS OF EXISTING UNDERWATER UNITS OF THE STATE PARK SYSTEM

March, 1995

UNDERWATER UNIT LOCATION ACRE- COMMENTSAGE

Point Lobos SR Monterey Peninsula 775 High biological diversity, very scenic, shore and boat accesshas SR protection; beginning to advanced divers

Salt Point SP Sonoma Coast 940 High biological diversity; Gerstle Cove Ecological Reserve;consider a NP for northern portion of unit; intermediate toadvanced divers. Reported shipwrecks

J. P. Burns SP Big Sur Coast 1600 High diversity, very scenic, NP recommended for SmugglersCove area; advanced divers only

Mackerricher SP Mendocino Coast 454 High-medium biological diversity, exposed coast, NPrecommended, advanced divers only - shore access

Russian Gulch 5P Mendocino Coast 47 High diversity exposed coast with protected coves, NPrecommended, beginning to advanced divers; shore access

Van Damme SP Mendocino Coast 20 High diversity exposed coast with protected covers! NPreconinended, beginning to advanced divers; shore access

Manchester SP Mendocino Coast 3657 Low diversity sandy beach; poor access. Extremely highArena Rock Marine NP [Point Arena] 500 biologIcal diversity; extremely exposed; advanced divers only

boat access only. Shipwrecks located within NP

Fort Ross SHP sonoma coast 90 Shipwrecks, high biological diversity, unique marinecommunities; cove and exposed coast. Intermediate -

advanced divers, shore access, CP recommended. Needsexpanded area

Crystal Cove SP Orange Coast 1150 Rocky reefs and kelp beds, high diversity beginning-advancedivers; shore access; NP recommended for rocky reefs

Lake Perris SRA Riverside County ?? Sewer pipes put down for divers to swim through - fewInland Reservoir resource values - beginner divers; consider declassification

Mono Lake Tufa SR Mono County 40.000± Unique hyper-saline environment divers can see underwaterformation of tufa towers - intermediate-advanced divers-shorand boat access

San Elijo & Cardiff SBs San Diego Coast 545 Medium diversity, rock reefs & kelp beds, potentially higharchaeological values. CP may be recommended

DL. Bliss/Emerald Bay SPs Lake Tahoe west 980 High visibility, low diversity, but highly scenic. Sunken foresshore and 4,000 year old snags. Archaeological values CP & NP

recommended

Doheny SB Orange Coast 192 Intermediate to advanced divers, resource valuesundetermined

Benicia SRA Solano County Tidal fiats and Shipwrecks. Needs further evaluation

Old Sacramento SHP Sacramento Gold rush shipwrecks and artifacts

14

APPENDIX BUNDERWATER AREAS PROPOSED FOR STUDY AND POTENTIAL INCLUSION INTOTHE STATE PARK SYSTEM MARCH, 1995.

ACRE- COMMENTS All these require lease or landtransfer from StUNDERWATERUNIT LOCATION AGE Lands Comm.

Leo Carrillo SB Los Angeles Coast Deep water coral beds and kelp beds, high diversity, deepwater coral not protected elsewhere

Big Lagoon Humboldt Coast Estuarine Ecosystem, native cutthroat trout spawning habita

Sonoma Coast SB Sonoma Coast 667 Exposed Coast Duncans Landing. Consider a NP,intermediate to advanced divers

Ano Nuevo SR Santa Cruz Coast Outstanding marine mammal rookery, diving not advised.Interpretation of marine environment stressed.

Jedediah Smith SP Del Norte County Excellent river to interpret river ecology to the public. Notnecessarily for divers. Primary objective is to interpret riverecology to public; NP recommended.

Royal Palms SB Los Angeles Coast Underwater Hot Springs, chemotropic bacteria cover kelp witred fibers; NP recommended

Sinkyone Wilderness SP Mendocino Coast Northern most giant kelp beds, underwater wilderness andNP’s recommends

Point Dume SR Los Angeles Coast Medium diversity, shark habitat?; needs further study

Cannery Row Monterey Coast Excellent beginner diving area, DPR may pick up Coast Guar- land just down coast; underwater park with NP recommended

require further study

Jug Handle SR Mendocino Coast High ecological diversity, very exposed, advanced divers onlyExtension of SR recommended

Westport Union Landing SB Mendocino Coast Tide pools, small coves, high biological diversity, advanceddivers only; NP recommended

Santa Catalina Los Angeles Count Underwater Caves & LittleFarnsworth Bank shipwreck, underwater restrictions,Fisherman’s cove NP and CP recommended - Has mostpotential of all projects to fill a deficiency

Frolic Shipwreck Site 1850 Mendocino Coast Pt. Cabrillo; CP recommended

Reading Rock Del Node Coast High biological diversity, poor visibility, extremely exposed-boat access only SR classification recommended

Greenwood SB Mendocino Coast High biological diversity, protected coastline; NPrecommended

Ahjumawi Lava Springs SP Shasta County Pit River Drainage springs have large trout & Western SuckeIndian fish traps, artifacts in ponds; NP & CP recommended

Asiloir SB Monterey County High biological diversity, extremely exposed coastlineintermediate to advanced divers, depending on sea condition- NP recommended

Pales Verdes Stone Arch Site Los Angeles Count High archaeological value and recreational potential; CPrecommended

Stillwater Cove Mendocino Coast Protected cove, in an otherwise exposed coastlineintermediate to advanced divers; Values undetermined;require further study

15

APPENDIX C

HIERARCHICAL MARINE ECOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION OF CALIFORNIA WITH

LISTINGS OF UNDERWATER STATE PARK SYSTEM UNITS AND PROPOSED

ADDITIONS.

Pacific Marine Ecological Realm - Total Pacific OceanBiogeographicalRealmsof Udvardy,1975

North Pacific Basin EcologicalDomain - North Pacific OceanDomainsofBailey, 1981;and/orBiogeographicalProvincesofUdvardy,1975;TemperateNorth PacificofRay, 1975

BorealNearshoreMarine EcologicalRegime- Aleutian Is. to Point ConceptionRegimesof Bailey, 1981; and/orBiogeographicalProvincesof Udvardy, 1975;Boreal Zone of Hedgpeth, 1957; Columbian Biotic Province of Ray, 1975Accordingto Abbott and Hollenberg1976, the most dramatictemperatureandbiological changeoccursat Point Conception. The temperatureusually remainsabove18 degreesto thesouthand below 18 degreesto thenorth.

OregonianMarine Ecological Province -- Point Conceptionto CapeFlattery,Washington Provincesof Bailey, 1981; and/orBiogeographicalProvincesof Udvardy, 1975

OregonianMarineEcologicalRegionEcologicalRegionsof theCaliforniaPublic ResourcesCode, Sec.5019.53 and/orEcoregionsof Bailey, 1978; OregonianSubdivisionof Hedgepth,1957

The OregonianMarineEcologicalRegionis bound on the north by CapeFlattery, Washington.Seawardit includesthecontinentalshelfwhichgenerallyextendsto thesouth. Thecoastalboundaryis the supralittoral zone of the Washington,Oregonand Northern California Coastfrom CapeFlatterysouthwardto PointArena,MendocinoCounty.The 10 meterdepthtemperaturesrangefromaround8.5 degreesC in thenorth, during JanuarythroughMarch, to a high of 16 degreesin thesouthin OctoberthroughDecember.Theentireregion is 12.5 to 175 degreesin July, August,andSeptember.

Areaswith UndenvaterDesignationsin the OregonianMarineEcologicalRegion

Undenvater Units

ReddingRock ProposedPoint St. GeorgeProposedTrinidad StateBeachProposedSinkyoneWildernessStateParkProposedWestportUnion LandingStateBeachProposedMacKerricherStateParkJug HandleStateReserveProposed

16

Van DammeStateParkRussianGulch StateParkGreenwoodStateBeachProposedManchesterStateParkandArenaRock MarineNaturalPreserve

StateSeashores

Del NoPeStateSeashore- PyramidPoint to Point SaintGeorgeClem Miller StateSeashore- Eel River mouthto PuddingCreekMendocinoCoastStateSeashore- JughandleCreekto GualalaRiver

CalifornianMarineEcologicalProvince- Point Conceptionto Point ArenaCalifornianFaunisticProvinceof Hedgepeth,1957.

NorthernCalifornianMarineEcologicalRegion

TheNorthernCalifornianMarineEcologicalRegionis boundon thenorth by Point Arenaandonthesouthby theMontereySubmarineCanyonto theAseencionCanyonandlandwardatMo NuevoPoint. Seawardit includesthecontinentalshelfwhich generallyextendsto thecrestoftheFarallonEscarpment.The coastalboundaryis thesupralittoral zoneofthe CaliforniaCoastfrom PointArenasouthwardto Mo NuevoPointat thenorth endof MontereyBay. The 10 meterdepthtemperaturesrangefrom around11 degreesC in thenorth,during JanuarythroughMarch, to a high of 15 degreesin thesouthin OctoberthroughDecember.Theentireregionis 12.5 to 15 degreesin July, August,andSeptember.

Areaswith UnderwaterDesignationsin theNorthernCalifornianMarineEcologicalRegion

UnderwaterUnits

SaltPoint StateParkStillwaterCoveProposedFort RossStateHistoric ParkSonomaCoastStateBeachMount TamalpiasStateParkProposedWilder RanchProposedAno NuevoStateReserveProposed

StateSeashores

SonomaCoastStateSeashore- GualalaRiverto BodegaHeadAflo NuevoStateSeashore- Pillar Point to theCity of SantaCruz

Central Californian Marine Ecological Region

17

TheCentralCalifornianMarineEcologicalRegionis boundon thenorth by theMontereySubmarineCanyonandon thesouthby PointConception.Seawardit includesthecontinentalshelf. The coastalboundaryis the supralittoral zone of the California Coastfrom Mo Nuevo Point, SantaCruzCounty southwardto PointConception.Prom PointConceptionthesouthernseawardboundarycutsbetweenSantaRosaand SantaCruz Islandsto theshoreline of the latter. SantaRosaand SanMiguel IslandsreceivecoldernortherncurrentstheCaliforniaCurrentandthereforeareincludedin theCentral CaliforniaMarineEcologicalRegionwhile all theotherChannelIslandsare withintheSouthern- BajaCaliforniaMarineEcologicalRegion. The10 meterdepthtemperaturesrangefrom around12 degreesC in thenorth,during JanuarythroughMarch,to a highof 15 degreesin thesouthin OctoberthroughDecember.The entireregionis 15 degreesin July, August,andSeptember.

Areas with Underwater Designationsin the Central Californian MarineEcologicalRegion

UnderwaterUnits

AsilamarStateBeachProposed>CanneryRow ProposedPoint Lobos StateReserveGarrapataStateParkProposedPoint SurProposedJuliaPfeifferBurns StateParkJohnLittle StateReserveProposedHearstSan SimeonStateBeachProposedMono Bay StateParkProposedMontanade Oro StateParkProposed.DinosaurPoint Proposed

StateSeashores

Big SurStateSeashoreProposedSanLuis ObispoStateSeashore- Cayucosto Lion’s Head

TemperateMarine EcologicalDivision - CaboSan Lucus to PointConceptionTemperateZone of Hedgpeth,1957

Baja Californian Marine Ecological Province - PuntaEugenia to Point Conception Lower Californian FaunalProvinceof Hedgepth, 1957; CalifornianBiotic ProvinceofRay, 1975.

Southern-Baja Californian Marine EcologicalRegionSouthernCalifornia Bite of SCCWRP,1973.

18

The Southern-BajaCalifornianMarine EcologicalReserveextendssouthwardfromPoint Conception,but it extendssouth east,acrossthe SantaBarbaraChannelthensouthwardbetweenSantaRosaand SantaCruzIslandsat thewestshoreof thelatter.It then extendssouthwestto the edge of the continental shelfwhere it extends

southwardalong the outeredgeof the continentalshelfto CaboColnett wheretheCalifornia currentmeetsthe land at 90 degreesand is deflectedboth north andsouthward along the coastline.Warm currents from off Baja California movenorthward and meet the California Current at Point Conception.The 10 metertemperaturesvary from a low of around 14 degreesC in the north, during JanuarythroughMarch, to a high of 20 degreesfor thewhole regionin April, May and June.

Areaswith UnderwaterDesignationsin theSouthern-BajaCalifornianMarineEcologicalRegion

UnderwaterUnits

GaviotaStateParkProposedNaplesReefProposedLeo Carrilo StateParkProposedPoint Dume StateReserveProposedRoyal PalmsStateBeachProposedSantaRosa-SantaCruz IslandsProposedone mile perimeterwhich is StateLandsSantaCatalinaIslandProposedCrystalCoveStateParkDohenyStateBeachSan OnofreStateBeachProposedSanElijo StateBeachCardiffStateBeachSanNicolasIslandProposedSan ClementeIslandProposed

StateSeashores

SantaBarbaraCoastStateSeashore- Gaviotato Las LlagasCanyonPoint Mugu StateSeashore- OrmondBeachto SanNicholasCanyonCapistranoCoastStateSeashore- NewportBeachto SanMateo PointSan DiegoCoastStateSeashore- San OnofreStateBeachto La Jolla

19

APPENDIX C-I

CALIFORNIA MARINE AREAS WITH SPECIAL DESIGNATIONS

Areas with Special Designations in the Oregonian Marine EcologicalRegion

MarineReserves California Dept. of Fish andGame

Point Cabrillo Reserve Mendocino Co.

EcologicalReserves California Dept. of Fish and Game

King Range Punta GordaOffshore Rocks and Pinnacles All Coastal Counties

CaliforniaLegislative Refuges California Dept. of FishandGame

none

Areasof Special Biological Significance California Water QualityControlBoard & Environmental ProtectionAgency

Redwoods National Park Includes Del Norte Coast Redwoods, PrairieCreek Redwoods and Humboldt Lagoons State ParksKelp Beds at Trinidad Head Humboldt Co.King Range National Conservation Area Humboldt andMendocino Cos.Pygmy Forest Ecological Staircase Jug Handle State ReserveMendocino Co.

UnderwaterParks and Reserves California Department of Parks andRecreation

MacKerricher State ParkVan Damme State ParkRussian Gulch State ParkManchester State Park and Arena Rock Marine Natural Preserve

StateSeashores California Department of Parks aridRecreation

Del Norte State Seashore

20

Clem Miller State SeashoreMendocino Coast State Seashore

NationalSeashores NationalPark Service

none

NationalParks National ParkService

Redwood National Park

NationalEstuarine Research Reserves NOAA

South Slough, Oregon

NationalEstuarine Sanctuaries EPA

none

NationalMarine Sanctuaries NOAA

none

BiosphereReservesUNESCO

none

Areas with Special Designations in the Northern Californian MarineEcological Region

MarineReserves California Dept. of Fish and Game

Gerstie Cove Reserve Sonoma Co.Duxbury Reef Reserve Mann Co.Point Reyes Headlands Reserve Mann Co.Estero de Limantour Reserve Mann Co.Robert W. Crown Reserve Alameda Co.

EcologicalReserves California Dept. of Fish andGame

Del Mar Landing Ecological Reserve Sonoma Co.Elkhorn Slough Ecological Reserve Monterey Co.Redwood Shores Ecological Reserve San Mateo Co.Tomales Bay Ecological Reserve Mann Co.

21

Offshore Rocks and Pinnacles All Coastal CountiesCaliforniaLegislative Refuges California Dept. of Fish and

Game

Bodega Marine Life Refuge Sonoma Co.James V. Fitzgerald Marine Life Refuge San Mateo Co.

Areasof Special Biological Significance CaliforniaWater QualityControlBoard & Environmental ProtectionAgency

Kelp Beds at Saunders Reef Mendocino Co.Del Mar Landing Ecological Reserve Sonoma Co.Gerstle Cove Sonoma Co.Bodega Marine Life Refuge Sonoma Co.Point Reyes Headland Reserve and Extension Mann Co.Duxhury Reef Reserve and Extension Marin Co.Bird Rock Mann Co.Double Point Marin Co.Farallon Island San Francisco Co.James V. Fitzgerald Marine Reserve San Mateo Co.AnoNuevo Point and Island San Mateo Co.

UnderwaterParks and Reserves California Department of ParksandRecreation

Salt Point State ParkFort Ross State Historical ParkSonoma Coast State Beach

StateSeashores California Department of Parks andRecreation

Sonoma Coast State SeashoreAlSo Nuevo State Seashore

NationalSeashores National ParkService

Point Ryes National Seashore

NationalResearch Natural Area National ParkService

Point Ryes Headlands National Research Natural Area

NationalEstuanine Research ReservesNOAA

22

Elkhom Slough National Estuanine Research Reserve


San Francisco Bay/San Juaquin Delta National Estuarine Sanctuary

NationalMarine SanctuariesNOAA

Gulf of the Farallones National Marine SanctuaryCordell Bank National Marine SanctuaryMonterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary Northern Portion


Sonoma Coast State SeashoreAlSo Nuevo State Seashore


Point Ryes National Seashore

NationalEstuaritie Research ReservesNOAA

Elkhorn Slough National Estuarine Research Reserve

NationalEstuarine SanctuariesEPA

San Francisco Bay/San Juaquin Delta National Estuarine Sanctuary


Gulf of the Farallones National Marine SanctuaryCordeD Bank National Marine Sanctuary


Golden Gate Biosphere Reserve formerly Central California CoastBiosphere Reserve - The Biosphere Reserve includes the Gulf of theFarallones and Cordell Bank National Marine Sanctuaries.

Areas with Special Designations in the Central Californian MarineEcological Region

23

MarineReserves California Dept.of Fish and GameAtascadero Beach Pismo Clam Preserve San Louis Obispo Co.Morro Beach Pismo Clam Preserve San Louis Obispo Co.Pismo Invertebrate Reserve San Louis Obispo Co.Pismo-Oceano Beach Pismo Clam Preserve San Louis Obispo Co.


Elkhorn Slough Ecological Reserve Monterey Co.Cannel Bay Ecological Reserve Monterey Co.Point Lobos Ecological Reserve Monterey Co.Big Creek Marine Resources Protection Act Ecological ReserveMonterey Co.Vandenberg Marine Resources Protection Act Ecological ReserveSanta Barbara Co.San Miguel Island Ecological Reserve Santa Barbara Co.Offshore Rocks and Pinnacles All Coastal Counties

CaliforniaLegislative Refuges California Dept. of FishandGame

Hopkins Marine Life Refuge Monterey Co.Pacific Grove Marine Gardens Fish Refuge Monterey Co.

Areasof Special Biological Significance California Water QualityControlBoard & Environmental Protection Agency

Pacific Grove Marine Gardens Fish Refuge and Hopkins MarineLife Refuge ASBS Monterey Co.Cannel Bay ASBS Monterey Co.Point Lobos Ecological Reserve ASBS Monterey Co.Julia Pfeiffer Burns Underwater Park ASBS Monterey Co.Ocean Area Surrounding Salmon Creek ASBSSan Miguel, Santa Rosa, and Santa Cruz Islands ASBS Santa CruzIsland is in the Southern Californian-Baja Californian EcologicalProvince


Point Lobos State Reserve

24

Julia Pfeiffer Burns State Park


San Luis Obispo State SeashoreNationalSeashores National ParkService

N one

NationalEstuarine Research ReservesNOAA

Elkhorn Slough National Estuanine Research Reserve

NationalEstuarine SanctuariesEPA

Morro Bay National Estuarine Sanctuary

NationalMarine Sanctuaries NOAA

Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary Southern PortionChannel Islands National Marine Sanctuary western portion


Channel Islands Biosphere Reserve western portion

Areas with Special Designations in the Southern-Baja Californian MarineEcological Region

CityUnderwater Parks

San Diego - La Jolla City Underwater Park

University of California Natural Reserve System

Scripps Coast Reserve

Marine Reserves California Dept. of Fish andGame

Lover’s Cove Reserve, Catalina Island Los Angeles Co.Point Loma Reserve San Diego Co.

25


Anacapa Island Ecological Reserve Ventura Co.Big Sycamore Canyon Marihe Resource Protection Act EcologicalReserve Ventura CoSanta Barbara Island Ecological Reserve Santa Barbara Co.Abalone Cove Ecological Reserve Los Angeles Co.Farnsworth Bank Ecological Reserve Los Angeles Co.Bolsa Chica Ecological Reserve Orange Co.Upper Newport Bay Ecological Reserve Orange Co.Heisler Park Ecological Reserve Orange Co.San Elijo Lagoon Ecological Reserve San Diego Co.Batiquitos Lagoon Ecological Reserve San Diego Co.San Dieguito Lagoon Ecological Reserve San Diego Co.San Diego-La Jolla Ecological Reserve San Diego Co.Offshore Rocks and Pinnacles All Coastal Counties

CaliforniaLegislative Refuges California Dept. of Fish andGame

Point Fermin Marine Life Refuge Los Angeles Co.Catalina Marine Science Center Marine Life Refuge Los Angeles Co.Newport Beach Marine Life Refuge Orange Co.Irvine Coast Marine Life Refuge Orange Co.Laguna Beach Marine Life Refuge Orange Co.South Laguna Beach Marine Life Refuge Orange Co.Niguel Marine Life Refuge Orange Co.Dana Point Marine Life Refuge Orange Co.Doheny Beach Marine Life Refuge Orange Co.City of Encinitas Marine Life Refuge San Diego Co.San Diego Marine Life Refuge San Diego Co.

Areasof Special Biological Significance California Water QualityControlBoard & Environmental Protection Agency

San Miguel, Santa Rosa, and Santa Cruz Islands ASBS San Migueland Santa Rosa Islands are in the Central Californian EcologicalProvinceSan Nicolas Island and Begg Rock ASBS Santa Barbara Co.Santa Barbara Island, Santa Barbara County and Anacapa IslandASBS Santa Barbara and Ventura Cos.Mugu Lagoon to Latigo Point ASBS Ventura and Los Angeles Cos.Santa Catalina Island - Subarea One, Isthmus Cove to Catalina HeadASBS Los Angeles Co.Santa Catalina Island - Subarea Two, North End of Little Harbor to Ben

26

Weston Point ASBS Los Angeles Co.Santa Catalina Island - Subarea Three, Farnsworth Bank EcologicalReserve ASBS Los Angeles Co.Santa Catalina Island - Subarea Four, Binnacle Rock to Jewfish PointASBS Los Angeles Co.Newport Beach Marine Life Refuge ASBS Orange Co.Irvine Coast Marine Life Refuge ASBS Orange Co.Heisler Park Ecological Reserve ASBS Orange Co.San Clemente Island ASBS San Diego Co.San Diego-La Jolla Ecological Reserve ASBS San Diego Co.San Diego Marine Life Refuge ASBS San Diego Co.


Crystal Cove State ParkDoheny State BeachSan Elijo State BeachCardiff State Beach


Santa Barbara Coast State SeashorePoint Mugu State SeashoreCapistano Coast State SeashoreSan Diego Coast State Seashore


None

NationalParks National ParkService

Channel Islands National Park

NationalEstuarine Research Reserves NOAA

Tijuana River National Estuarine Research Reserve


none


27

Channel Islands National Marine Sanctuary

NationalMonument National ParkService

Cabrillo National MonumentBiosphereReservesUNESCO

Channel Islands Biosphere Reserve

28

APPENDIX D

MATRICES OF CALIFORNIA UNDERWATER PROJECTS ANDNATURAL, CULTURAL AND RECREATIONAL FEATURES.

UNDERWATER UNITS OF THE CALIFORNIA STATE PARK SYSTEM

PRESERVATIONAL

CULTURAL NATURALHISTORICAL ERA DEPTH BOTTOM SUBSTRATE TYPES SALINITY SHORELINE TYPES

SEDIMENTS ROCKC,Li

z - -0,ø

Z ..j LI 0. 0‘0 ‘1 0 o0 < W o - 0 U ‘Si vs I.

OREGONLANMARINEECOLOCICALREGIOP 0 Z 2 = .j 0 2 z a0 0 w W 2 to 0 ‘ C LU

"80 U 40 z 00 0. 0

R U o 0-‘0 ‘C

OwwLi 2 -J

REDDINQR0CKPr0p0sat 0 3 NA NA NA a 9 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 ‘0 0 0

PATRICKSPOINTPr000sed 6 3 9 NA 5 7 6 ‘0 0 5 5 8 5 4 0 10 5 0

PTST.GEORGEProposed 9 4 9 NA 9 a S 5 0 2 6 5 5 4 0 0 9 4 0

TRINIDADProposad S 7 5 NA 5 5 5 5 I 3 5 5 5 4 0 0 8 S 3

SINKYONEW1LDERNESSSPProposed 10 a 9 NA 9 8 9 10 2 3 9 9 9 a 0 I 10 a 9

WESTP0RTUNI0NLANOINGSBPo0gose 5 8 5 NA 5 9 S a 0 I a 7 7 7 0 0 a 5 I

MACKERRICHERSP 9 .9 9 fl a ID a 10 0 3 9 7 5 5 2 I 10 7 2

JUGHANDLESRPIOposd 10 7 U NA 5 10 10 10 1 4 9 a a a 0 4 10 a sVANDAMMESP 9 a U NA 5 9 5 5 2 5 6 7 6 6 5 2 9 9 aRUSSIANGULCHSP 0 9 U NA 6 7 6 6 2 6 7 6 7 6 5 2 9 9 9

GREENW000SBProposed 10 7 U NA 9 6 tO 5 I 2 S a e 7 0 1 S ¶0 10

PJMLNCHESTERSP&ARENAROCK io 3 U NA ID 2 10 10 0 0 ¶0 9 2 I I I ¶0 0 0

OuaLIaI,ue RaIl,.9 0-0.0° No Value and ID = H.ghesI Value: U o tJnknoun: NA = NOI AppLcable

29


00z0

Si

PRESERVATIONAS.

0C0

00.5<

LAXE .

OLSLISSSP 10 ¶0 U 0 10 NA NA 10 I I 10 sO sO ID S ‘0 10 5

:MER.ALDBAYSP 10 10 U 0 10 NA NA S 1. S g 9 6 5 S LI

AONOLAKEThFA 10 ¶0 U 0 5 NA NA 9 2 2 10 5 5 10 10 5 5 2

LMCIPERR,SSRA I 2 U 0 U NA NA 5 5 10 0 0 0 0 I 0 5 I

RNtR

IEDEDINISI4IThSP 8 2 U 0 U NA NA S I I 0 10 10 ID 0 IC NA NA NA

OLDSACRMAOSTDSI I ¶ U 2 ¶0 NA NA I 5 50 0 0 0 0 2 NA NA NA

NA$MVbIL&VASPRI$GSSP 5 5 10 0 4 NA NA 6 3 I S 0 ‘0 9 0 S NA NA NA I0

0I.aSAIN. RaIl,9 0-500 = No V.ksa and 10. HireR Vet., U° Ur*i°Cw° NA = Nd AePACAtISFa,J,oIS SPtQS

INL,M40 CALIFORNIA AOUATIC ECOLOGICALREGION

CULTURAL NATURAL

I4SSTORICAL E DEPTh SOTTOM SUBSTRATE TYPES SAUNITY SHORELINE

SEDSJENTS ROCK

U

toII 0 *. 9 ‘SI

0

=0B

4,

B

U

4,‘SIBdi0.to

S.

LiS03

LI

U0

U

0S

=

0

aI

0

30


Qualitative Rating 0-10:0 = ND Value and 10 = H.Qhest Veaut: U Unkaown: NA = Not Applicable

Mare,. Did SPOflQS wt purple salphor bacteria

e.

PRESERVATIOMAL

SOUTHERN=BAJA CALIFORNIA MARINEECOLOGICAL REGION

CULTURAL NATURAL

HISTORICAL ERA DEPTH BOTTOM SUBSTRATE TYPES SALINITY SHORELINE TYPES

SEDIMENTS ROCK

=a0ILiU4

COSi

0

ULi

Ua 0

S.L0I

ICUa S

I

0

to=LI

LILi0

=0to

0 -=3

LI‘Si

Bto0U

COLi

totoLi0.

I.:aa

I

LiS03

0.

0.0

I-COLILi

-LI40U0LULI00.‘CLi

LIC000diULi

0aS.

0-SC=LI

0I-C0-4to

a

I-0

GAVIOTA SP-TRESSELSAREA Proposed 7 5 U U 5 3 7 9 2 4 3 2 4 3 0 0 4 0 2

REPUGIOSB.TAJIGUASAREAPfOposed 0 9 U U U S S 9 1 3 6 2 3 3 0 0 3 0 0

LEOCARRIL050MEAPropoaed 0 0 U U U 5 7 5 1 3 6 4 7 S 0 0 7 7 5

POIHTDUMESRPropoa8d 5 3 U U U 4 6 9 0 4 S 3 4 I 0 0 66 0

ROYALPALMSSBPrOpoaed 9 S U U S S 7 5 3 5 7 5 5 4 1 0 7 5 I I0

SMITA cATALINA ISLM4DPropofld ¶0 ¶0 U U 5 0 10 9 I 3 10 0 S 5 0 0 ID 9 10

CRYSTALCOVESP 7 8 U U 5 7 7 7 3 4 7 5 3 5 0 0 5 6 5

DOHENYSB 5 7 U U U 2 55 4 5 2 3 2 3 0 0 ElI

SAIONOFRESBPrOpOSod S S U U 5 7 7 S 2 3 5 4 S 2 I I S 3 3

SMIELIJOSB S S ID U U 4 5 7 3 4 3 3 4 3 0 0 5 5 1

CAROIFFSB S 6 ¶0 U U 4 5 7 3 4 3 3 4 3 0 0 6 S I

SAP4HICHOLASISLANDPrOpOsed ID ¶0 U U U 9 10 s I 2 S 9 5 S 0 0 IC 9 5

SANCLEMENTEISLANDPIOPOU4 10 ¶0 U U 4 S 103 2 3 10 10 7 7 0 0 ID ID S

31


QualItative RatIng 0-50:0 = No Value and 10 = Highest ValUe; U UnAnown: MA = Nos Applicable

0

PRESERVATIONAL

=00ILi04,

CENTRAL CALIFORNLA MARINEECOLOGICAL REGION

CULTURAL NATURALHISTORICAl. ElLA DEPTH BOTTOM SUBSTRATE TYPES SALINITY SHORELINE TYPES

SEDIMENTS ROCK

LILi

0

WE

I

SIU

0

0=C0

-CI

0=2

a4

4,SIiiaa=0to

0a0CO

LILiatoto00

LILiatotoLiS.

HS.S.

IHS.S.

0U0LiLI00.SC‘Si

3.

0‘U0I

0

SLi

0

ASILOM.ARSBPrOpOsed 5 5 U U U 9 9 10 0 2 9 9 9 ID 0 0 ¶0 4 I

POINTLOBOSSR ID ¶0 7 U 7 ¶0 ID ID I 4 ID 10 10 9 0 0 ¶0 9 5

POINTSURPrOpos.d 7 4 U U 8 7 8 S 0 2 ¶0 ID 7 8 0 0 ID 6 4

JULIAPFEIFFERBURNSSP Ia 3 U U S 6 ID 10 0 S ¶0 ID 10 ID 0 0 S 7 6

JOIINLITT1.ESRPropoSed U 2 U U U U U U U U U U U U 0 0 8 U U

HCARSTSANSIMEONS0POPOS.d U S 7 U S 4 U 3 3 8 4 5 4 3 0 0 5 9 S

MORROSAYSPProposed 6 6 U 7 7 8 8 ID 10 10 I -I I I 5 5 S S ¶0

MONTANADEOROSPPrOPOSed 6 S 6 6 5 9 5 7 1 4 9 7 8 7 0 0 9 4 5

OINOSAURPOINTPropOE8d 4 5 U U 5 3 8 8 I 2 8 5 I I 0 D 4 6 3

32


COISa

0

S0LiS

SAI.TPOINTSP 10 ID 9 NA 6 5 7 9 2 3 9 9 9 9 I 0 ‘0 7 2

FT,ROSSSI-OP 6 ID 9 NA ID 2 6 S 3 4 6 S 5 6 2 0 8 8 9

SON0M.ACOASTSBPropose. 6 9 9 NA 5 6 6 8 4 5 7 5 4 4 I 1 9 6 5

MT.TAMALPAISSPPr0p0$e 5 4 U U S 4 4 6 I 3 8 9 5 5 0 0 9 2 I

"NONUEVOSRPropos.d 5 2 U U 6 3 5 S 2 S 3 4 3 3 I 0 8 S 4

Qualitalive Rating 0-100 = Ho Value end 10° Highest iaIue. U = Unknown: NA = Not Applicable

PRESERVATIOHAL

NORTHERN CALIFORNIA MARINEECOLOGICAL REGION

CULTURAL NATURAL

HISTORICAL ERA DEPTH BOTTOM SUBSTRATE TYPES SALINITY SHOREUNE TYPES

SEDIMENTS ROCK

=0UIISa0CO

z-CUS 0

I

LII

I

S SIL

I I 0=I

LISlii0=0to

aCO

LILiatoto0U

0

0LI

4,SitotoLi0.

0.a0

I

03

00.0

I

Ii,C0U0‘SiCO00.

LI-C0U0Li

0Li

0S0.

3.S-C=LILi0I-C3.

SLiI

0

33

APPENDIX E

AVAILABLE TAXA LISTS FOR CALIFORNIA UNDERWATER PARKS ANDRESERVES

AND SOME PROPOSED ADDITIONS

MENDOCINO - SONOMA COAST STATE PARK UNITS MARINE LIFE TAXALISTS. 1991. John 0. DeMartini

Westport-Union Landing State BeachMacKerricher State ParkJughandle StateReserveCasparHeadlands State BeachCasparHeadlandsStateReserveRussianGulch StateParkMendocino Headlands State ParkVan Damme StateParkGreenwood Creek ProjectManchester StateBeachArena Rock Marine Natural PreserveSchoonerGulch ProjectSalt Point StatePark

PointArenaArea ecological evaluation. 1974 W. James Barry

Mendocino Headlands StatePark Environmental Data Statement. 1975. W.James Barry and John D. DeMartini.

Mount Tamalpias State Park BaselineDescription of Marine EnvironmentsAround Lone Tree Landslide, from the Fall of 1990. Brenda Konar, JohnOliver, Peter Slattery,James Oakden, Cassandra Roberts, Allen Andrews andPhilip Bairrington.

Point Lobos StateReserveSubtidalResource Inventory. 1977. John D. DeMartini andW. James Barry.

GarrapataStatePark Biological Surveyof Subtidal Marine Communities.Am9t. Wagner,Kimberly S. Burdett and John S. Oliver

Andrew Molera State Park Biological Survey of Subtidal MarineCommunities. Amy L. Wagner, Kimberly S. Burdett and John S. Oliver

34

Julia Pfeiffer Burns State Park Biological Survey of Subtidal MarineCommunities. Amy L. Wagner, Kimberly S. Burdeff and John S. Oliver

Julia Pfeiffer Burns Area of Special Biological Significance ReconnaissanceSurvey. 1979. Craig P. Seltenrich, John D. DeMartini and W. James Barry

Leo Carrillo State Beach Marine Resources Inventory. 1992. Raymond A.Wells, Rimmon C. Fay, Chuck Cleeves and Rosi Dagit

Crystal Cove State Park UnderwaterResearch Project. 1987. Joseph J.Valencic

San Elijo State Beach Reef 1983. Dan Gotshall, and John DeMartini

35

References

Abbott, Isabella A. and George J. Hollenberg. 1976. Marine algae ofCalifornia. Stanford Universit9 Press. 827 p.

Bailey, Robert C. 1978. Description of the ecoregions of the United States.U.S. Department of Agriculture, Misc. PubI. No. 1391. 77 p.

Bailey, Robert C. 1981. Assisted by Charles T. Cushwa Ecoregions of NorthAmerica. 1:12,000,000 Map. U.S. Forest Service and U.S. Fish andWildlife Service. Washington D. C.

Barry, W. James. 1974. Ecological evaluation of the proposed Point Arenaunit of the State Park System. State of California, The ResourcesAgency, Department of Parks and Recreation. Sacramento. 17 p.

Barry, W. James. 1991. Ecological Regions of California. Interagency NaturalAreas Coordinating Committee, State of California, The ResourcesAgency, Department of Parks and Recreation. Sacramento. 67 p.

Barry, W. James, John W. Foster and Kenneth W. Collier. 1995. Californiaunderwater parks and reserves action plan. State of California, TheResources Agency, Department of Parks and Recreation. Sacramento.34 p.

Collier, Ken. 1984. California State Park System underwater parks masterplan. State of California, The Resources Agency, Department of ParksandRecreation.Sacramento 32 p.

DeMartini, John D. and W. James Barry. 1977. A subtidal resource inventoryfor Point Lobos State Reserve. State of California, The ResourcesAgency, Department of Parks and Recreation. Sacramento. 51 p.

Hedgpeth, Joel W. 1957. Marine biogeography. Memoir 67, Vol. 1, pp.358-382. Geological Society of America.

North, Wheeler J.1976. Underwater California. California Natural HistoryGuides: 39. University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles.276 p.

Outdoor Recreation Resources Review Commission. 1962. A multi-volumereport to the commission. Washington, D.C., U.S. Gov. Prin. Office.

35

SCCWRP. 1973. The ecology of southern California bight; Implications forwater quality management. Three-year report of the SouthernCalifornia Coastal Water Research Project, El Segundo, California. 531p.

Udvardy, Miklos, D. F. 1975. A classification of the biogeographical provincesof the world. Internat. Union Conserv. Nature and Natural ResourcesICUN. Morges, Switzerland. Occas. Pap. 18:1-48.

Ray, C. Carleton, 1975. A preliminary classification of coastal and marineenvironments. Intemat. Union Conserv. Nature and Natural ResourcesICUN. Morges, Switzerland. Occas. Pap. 14.

Wallace, Orthello L.. 1971. Establishing underwater parks worldwide. Officeof the National Science Studies, National Park Service. Washington,D.C., U.S. Coy. Prin. Office.

36

UNDERWATER UNITS OF THE cALIFORNIA STATE PARK SYSTEM

PRESERVATIONAA.

LAKE

D.LBLI$$5p 10 10 U 0 10 NA NA 10 I 1 10 10 10 10 9 10 10 5

EMERALDBAYSP 10 10 U 0 10 NA NA 8 2 3 8 9 9 8 8 1 5 10

MONOI.AKETUFASR 10 10 U 0 8 NA NA 9 2 2 10 5 5 10 ID 5 5 2

I RESERVOIR

LAXEPERRISSRA 1 2 U 0 U NA NA 8 5 10 0 0 0 0 1 0 5 1

RIVER

JEDEDIAHSMIThSP 8 2 U 0 U NA NA 8 I 1 8 10 10 10 0 10 NA NA NA

OLDSACRAMENTOSHP I I U 2 10 NA NA 1 8 10 0 0 0 0 2 1 NA NA NA

AHJUMAW1LAVASPRINGSSP 5 5 10 0 4 NA NA 6 3 1 9 10 10 9 0 8 NA NA NA 10

4INLAND CAUFORNIA AQUATIC ECOLOGICAL

REGION

CULTURAL NATURALHISTORICAL ERA DEPTH BOTTOM SUBSTRATE TYPES SALINITY SHORELINETYPES

SEDIMENTS ROCK‘a

0

Lur

‘a

0

Cl,

0o -‘Cl,

0

00

0w-S

w0.

0.0.

Cl,C000Lu00

UI

I0.0.

Qualitative Rating 0.10; 0 = No Value and 10 Fllgtlest Value; U = Unknown; NA Not ApplicableFreshwaterspring,


aCzUICCl,

4SOLJTHERN.BAJA CALIFORNIA MARINE

ECOLOGICAL REGION

PRESERVATIONAL

CULTURAL NATURALHISTORICAL ERA DEPTH BOTTOM SUBSTRATE TYPES SALINITY SHORELINE TYPES

SEDIMENTS ROCK0w

z

ILu

=

0=

0,I

2C0I I I 0

‘a

0

0L0

‘a

Lu000en

0Lu

enen0C

0Lu‘aenLua.

I-0.0.0C.,=

LuI0

0.

0C.,

=Co‘aLu

Co

00UI‘a00.

w

‘a

00wI0Lu

0I0.

I0

Cl,Lu02C

en

ILu

0

GAVIOTASP.TRESSELSAREAProposed 7 8 U U 5 3 7 9 2 4 5 2 4 3 0 0 4 8 2

REFUGIOSB.TAJIGUASAREAPropo$ed 8 9 U U U 6 8 9 I 3 6 2 3 3 0 0 3 8 0

LEOCARRILOSBAREAProposed 8 8 U U U 5 7 8 1 3 6 4 7 5 0 0 7 7 5POINTDUMESRProposed 5 3 U U U 4 6 9 0 4 5 3 4 1 0 0 8 6 0

ROYALPALMSSBProposed 9 8 U U 5 6 7 6 3 5 7 5 5 4 1 0 7 6 1 10’

SANTACATAUNAISLANDProposed 10 10 U U 8 9 10 9 1 3 10 9 B 5 0 0 10 9 10

CRYSTALCOVESP 7 8 U U 5 7 7 7 3 4 7 5 3 5 0 0 8 6 5

DOHENYSB 5 7 U U U 2 5 5 4 5 2 3 2 3 0 0 6 7 1

SANONOFRESBProposed 6 8 U U 5 7 7 9 2 3 5 4 6 2 I 1 8 3 3

SANELIJOSB 5 6 10 U U 4 5 7 3 4 3 3 4 3 0 0 6 5 1

CARDIFF SB 5 6 10 U U 4 5 7 3 4 3 3 4 3 0 0 6 5 1

SANNICHOLASISLANDProposad 10 10 U U U 9 10 9 1 2 9 9 6 8 0 0 ID 9 5

SANCLEMENTEISLANDProposed 10 10 U U 4 9 10 9 2 3 10 10 7 7 0 0 10 10 9

Qualitative Rating 0.10; 0 = No Value and 10 = Highest Value; U = Unknown; NA = Not ApplicableMarine hot springs with purple sulphur bacteria

UNDERWATER UNITS OF THE CALIFORNIA 5TATE PARK SYSTEM

PRESERVATIONAL

ASILOMARSBProposed 8 5 U U U 9 9 10 0 2 9 9 9 10 0 0 10 4 1

POINTLOBOSSR 10 ID 7 U 7 10 10 IC I 4 10 10 10 9 0 0 ID 9 5

POINTSURProposed 7 4 U U 6 7 8 6 0 2 10 10 7 8 0 0 10 6 4

JUUAPFEIFFERBURNSSP 10 3 U U 8 6 10 10 0 5 10 10 10 10 0 0 8 7 5

JOHNLJTTLESRProposed U 2 U U U U U U U U U U U U 0 0 8 U U

HEARST SAN SIMEON SB Proposed U 8 7 U 8 4 U 6 3 8 4 5 4 3 0 0 5 9 5

MORROBAYSPProposed 6 6 U 7 7 8 8 ID ID 10 I I 1 1 5 5 5 5 10

MONTANADEOROSPProPosed 8 8 6 8 5 9 8 7 1 4 9 7 8 7 0 0 9 4

DINOSAURPOINTProposed 4 5 U U 5 3 8 8 I 2 8 5 I 1 0 0 4 6 3

4

CENTRAL CALIFORNIA MARINEECOLOGICAL REGION

CULTURAL NATURAL


SEDIMENTS ROCK0Lu

I

=

I0I

0z 0 F00

0

0U

0,ILu0

00en

0wenen00

‘aLuenenLu0.

0.

00

0.

0

IU

0C

0

0.

0C/Lu

0=

ILu

0

Qualitative Rating 0-10; 0 = No Value and 10 = Highest Value; U = Unknown; NA = Not Applicable


REDDINGROCKProposed 8 3 NA NA NA 8 9 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 0

PATRICKSPOINTProposed 8 3 9 NA 5 7 6 10 0 5 5 8 5 4 0 10 5 0

PT.ST.GEORGEProposed 9 4 9 NA 9 8 6 5 0 2 6 5 5 4 0 a 9 4 0

TRINIDADProposed 8 7 6 NA 5 5 5 5 1 3 5 5 5 4 0 0 8 5 3

SINKYONEWILDERNESSSPProposed 10 8 9 NA 9 8 9 10 2 3 9 9 9 8 0 1 10 8 9

WESTPORTUNIONLANDINGSBProposed 8 8 8 NA 5 9 8 8 0 1 8 7 7 7 0 0 9 5 I

MACKERRICHERSP 9 9 9 NA 8 10 8 10 0 3 9 7 5 $ 2 1 10 7 2

JUGHANDLESRProposed ID 7 U NA 5 10 ID 10 1 4 9 8 8 B 0 4 10 8 5

VANDAMMESP 9 8 U NA 5 9 8 8 2 5 8 7 8 6 5 2 9 9 8

RUSSIANGULCHSP 8 9 U NA 6 7 6 8 2 6 7 6 7 6 5 2 9 9 9

GREENWOODSBProposed 10 7 U NA 9 8 10 5 I 2 8 8 6 7 0 I 8 10 10

ICltANCHESTERSP&ARENAROCK 10 3 U NA IC 2 ID 10 0 0 10 9 2 1 1 1 ID 0 0

4

OREGONIAN I#LRINE ECOLOGICAL REGION

PR ESt KVATI0NAL

CULTURAL NATURAL

HISTORICAL ERA DEPTH BOTTOM SUBSTRATE TYPES SALINITY SHORELINE TYPESSEDIMENTS ROCK

0w0 =

ILu

0z

‘a=

II

=

ILu

pen‘a

0= 0 I-.

‘a

‘aIUI0

00en

‘aUI-JenenLu0.

0Lu

enen00

0-J0‘a

C.0.0

0.0.a

I-.‘a

00LuCo00.

00

0

0I0. I I

Qualitative Rating 0.10; 0 = No Value and ID = Highest Value; U = Unknown; NA = Not ApplIcable


PRESERVATIONALCULTURAL NATURAL


SEDIMENTS ROCK‘aLu

‘. >.0 = 0. I4C0;0> 0 0 0 0 I-

NORTHERN CALIFORNIA MARINE Lu 0 I-Ui C’

‘a w0 . j C ‘a = z W =

ECOLOGICALREGION a 0 -J en en 0 p

w ‘a >.I ‘aowLuI

SALTPOINTSP 10 ID 9 NA 6 8 7 9 2 3 9 9 9 9 I 0 10 7 2

FT.ROSSSHP 8 IC 9 NA 10 2 6 8 3 4 6 8 6 6 2 0 8 8 9

SONOMACOASTSBProposed 6 9 NA 5 6 6 6 4 5 7 5 4 4 1 1 9 6 5

MT.TAMALPAISSPProposed 5 4 U U 8 4 4 6 1 3 8 9 5 5 0 0 9 2 1

ANONUEVOSRProposed 5 2 U U 5 3 5 8 2 5 3 4 3 3 1 0 8 8 4

Qualrtative Rating 0-10; 0 = No Value and ID = Highest Value; U = Unknown; NA = Not Applicable

California Underwater Parks and Reserves, 2000 DRAFT Plan

Documents

Transcript of California Underwater Parks and Reserves, 2000 DRAFT Plan