Basic Electrical and Electronics Engineering

Basic Electrical and Electronics Engineering

Dr. N. Karuppiah

Dr. S. Muthubalaji

BASIC ELECTRICAL AND ELE.CTRONICS

ENGINEERING.

Dr.N.Karuppiah, M.E., Ph.D

Associate Professor

Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering

Vardhaman College of Engineering

Kacharam, Shamshabad, Hyderabad

Telangana - 501 218

Dr.S.Muthubalaji, M.E., Ph.D

Professor

Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering

CMR College of Engineering & Technology

Kandlakoya, Medchal Road, Hyderabad

Telangana - 501 401

SHA.I\TLAX PUBLICATIO S

Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India

Basic Electrical and Electronics Engineering

© Dr.N.Karuppiah & Dr.S.Muthubalaji

ISBN: 978-93-87871-10-6

First Edition: 2018

All rights reserved. o part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a

, retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, 1nechanical,

photo copying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission of

the author or publisher.

Publisher

SHANLAX PUBLICATIONS

61, 66 T.P.K. Main Road,

Vasantha N agar,

Madurai - 625003

Tanul Nadu, India

Pit: 0452-4208765,

Mobile: 7639303383

email: [email protected]

web: www.sl1a11laxpublicatio1ts.com

n

�Q'to4ibm A-h:allcms

��

Pa�-�

1 -1 Y4

2.1-2 :-1

3 1-3.'

4.1-4.56

S.l-!i.39

MICROPR CESSO

MICROC NTROL

MICROPROCESSOR AND MICROCONTROLLER

.?Lutfiors

Dr. N. Karuppiah Professor /EEE

Vardhaman College of Engineering Shamshabad, Hyderabad - 501 218

Dr. S. Ravivarman Professor /EEE

Vardhaman College of Engineering Shamshabad, Hyderabad- 501 218

i:�� SHANLAX �l .. ,. PUBLICATIONS

MICROPROCESSOR AND MICROCONTROLLER

© Dr. N. Karuppiah & Dr. S. Ravivarman

First Edition: 2018

ISBN: 978-93-87871-86-1

Price: Rs. 220/-

Copy right

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in

a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means,

mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior

written permission of the author.

Publisher

SHANLAX PUBLICATIONS Ph: 0452-4208765,

66, T.P.K. Main Road

Vasantha Nagar

Madurai - 625003

Tamil Nadu, India

Mobile: 7639303383

email:[email protected]

web: www.shanlaxpublications.com

,

Unit

'

I

1.1

1.2

1.3

1.4

1.5

1.6

1.7

1.8

1.9

1.10

1.11

1.12

1.13

1.14

1.15

1.16

II

2.1

2.2

2.3

2.4 .

2·s, . . .

?.6�

'• 2. 7.

2.8

2.9

CONTENT

Title Page

No.

8085 Microprocessor 1

Introduction 1

8085 Microprocessor 2

8085 Architecture 2

Pin Diagram of 8085 10

Instruction Set 12

Data Transfer Instructions 12

Arithmetic Instructions 13

Logical Instructions 13

Branching Instructions 14

Machine Control Instructions 14

Addressing Modes 15

Timing Diagrams 16

Assembly Language Programming 24

Memory Interfacing 28

Interfacing 1/0 Devices 35

Applications of Microprocessor in 37

General Life Peripherals Interfacing 38

Intro(iuction. ' 38

Programmable Peripheral Interface 38

a·2ss

�rogrammable Interval Timer- 8253. 46

. Programmable Interrupt Controller- 51

·a2s·9Keyboard and Display Controller (8279) 61

'Interfacing Serial 1/0 (8251) . t 68

ADC/DAC Interfacing . 77 ..

Stepper Motor Interfacing 84

Traffic Light Controller 87

Scanned by CamScanner

[email protected]

Text Box

Ill 8086 Microprocessor 90 -

".) l lntrodu�tion .:>-. 90

3.2 Pin Dingnun 91 -

3,3 lnternnl Block Diagram 97

3.4 General Purpose Registers 100

3.5 Addressing Modes of 8086 101

3.6 lnstruction Set 107

3.7 Min/Max Mode of Operation 109

3.8 Interrupts 110

3.9 System Clock 115

3.10 Types of bus cycles 115

3.11 Methods of lnterfacing l/O Devices 117

3.12 Asse1nbly Language Programming 121

IV Microcontroller 8051 124

4.1 introduction 124

4.2 Block Diagram of Microcontroller 124

4,3 8051 Pin Configuration 128

4.4 lnternal Memory Organisation 133 I

4.5 The Stack and Stack Pointer 134 ,1,

: It 4.6 Special Function Registers (SFR) 135

4.7 External Memory 136

4.8 Input/Output Pins and Ports 136

' - 4.9 Addressing Modes 141

4.10 External data moves (Indexed 146 '

addressing mode)

4.11 Code memory read only data moves 149 I

4.12 Stack in 8051 150

\

4.13 Data Exchanges 155 .

156 4.14 Interrupts and Returns

4.15 Timer / Counter 158 ..

4.16 Modes of Timer / Counter operations 163

.

Counter programming 167 4.17

) l,.._I i I

170 '. 4.18 Interrupt

4.19 Serial Communication 174


[email protected]

Text Box

V Microcontroller Programming& 180

Applications -- - - ~ -

5.1 Introduction 180

5.2 Data Transfer Instructions 180

5.3 Logical Operations 181

5.4 Rotate and Swap Operations 184

5.5 Bit Level Logical Operations 185

5.6 Arithmetic Instruction Flags 190

5.7 Addition 190

5.8 Addition two 16-bit data 194

5.9 Subtraction 195

5.10 Multi p Li cation 199

5.11 Division 200

5.12 Binary coded decimal (BCD) Arithmetic 200

5 . .13 · Arithmetic Operation Used by 8051. 202

5.14 LOGICAL Operation Used by 8051. 203

5.15 Data Transfer Instructions Used by 8051 204

5.16 Boolean Variable Instructions Used by 204

8051

5.17 Program Branching Instruction 205 'c -

5.18 ' Loop Instructions 206

�-

5.19 Call and Subroutine 208

· s.20 8279 Programmable Key Board and 210

Ii .

It, Display Interface

.' - 5.21. Block diagram of 82 79 212 I

5.22 , Interfacing Stepper Motor 217

IL ,

. ;; t ,5.23 Interfacing DC Motor 220

. � .

-�r "\ ..


[email protected]

Text Box

ISBN

SH.ANLAX PUBLICATIONS

shanlaxpublications.com

publ isher@shanlaxpubl ications. com

Jlllllffllllll ••••• �•�•• SHANLAX

Ishanlaxpubllcatlons.com

:i• Pu B LI CA Tl o NS [email protected]

;�t:i;�tv�

OPERATION AND CONTROL IN

POWER SYSTEM

B. RAJA GOPAL REDDY

OPERATION AND CONTROL

IN POWER SYSTEM

B. Raja Gopal Reddy

Associate Professor

Vardhaman College of Engineering, Hyderabad

-:f SHANLAX��tc ,\-!'.� PUBLICATIONS

CONTENTS

1 Structure and Economic Aspects of Power System

1.1 Introduction 1

1.2 Structure of electric power system 1

1.3 Power system models 4

1.4 Power system control 5

1.5 Economic aspects 9

Multiple-choice questions 18

Practice problems 20

2 Economic Operation of Generating Stations-I

2.1 Introduction 21

2.2 Characteristics of steam power generation unit 21

2.3 Characteristics of a hydro-power unit 26

2.4 Classical methods for economic operation of system plants 28

2.5 Optimization problem - mathematical formulation (neglecting transmission 29

losses)

2.6 Mathematical determination of optimal allocation of total load among 32

different units

2.7 Computational methods 34

2.8 Economic dispatch neglecting losses and including generator limits 37

Multiple-choice questions


3 Economic Operation of Generating Stations-II

3.1 Introduction 53

3.2 Optimal generation scheduling problem: consideration of transmission losses 53

3.3 Mathematical determination of optimum allocation of total load when 58

transmission losses are taken into consideration

3.4 Flowchart for the solution of an optimization problem when

transmission losses are considered


Practice problems

78

80

4 Unit Commitment

4.1 Introduction 81

4.2 Constraints in UC 82

4.3 Cost function formulation 84

4.4 Unit cormnitment- solution methods 86


Review questions 102


5 Optimal Power flow in Power System


5.2 Optimal power-flow problem without inequality constraints 104

5.3 Optimal power-flow problem with inequality constraints 109


Review questions 113

6 Hydro-Thermal Scheduling


6.2 Hydro-thermal co-ordination 114

6.3 Advantages of operation of hydro-thermal combinations 123



7 Load Frequency Control - I


7.2 Load frequency control 137

7.3 Modeling of isolated power system (single area system) 139

7.4 Control area concept 151

7.5 Control strategy of a single-area system 162



8 Load Frequency Control - II


8.2 Two area system model 175

8.3 Load frequency and economic dispatch controls 191

8.4 Dynamic-state-variable model 193



9 Reactive Power Compensation and Voltage Control

9.1 Introduction

9.2 Load compensation

9.3 Line compensation

9.4 Necessity of voltage control

9.5 Methods of voltage control


Practice problems

10 Modeling of Power System Components

10.1 Introduction

10.2 Hydraulic turbine system

10.3 Steam turbine modeling

10.4 Synchronous machines modeling

10.5 Modeling of synchronous machine-swing equation

10.6 Modeling of speed-governing systems

10.7 Excitation systems


Practice problems

APPENDIX-A: MATLAB Programs

APPENDIX-B: Answers to Multiple-Choice Questions

206

206

212

222

224

239

240

241

241

243

246

249

251

261

267

268

269

283

Quantum cryptography is a new method for secret communications offering the ultimate security assurance of the inviolability of a Law of Nature. In this book we shall describe the theory of quantum cryptography, its potential relevance and the development of a prototype system at HQKDPs, which utilizes the PRISUM TOOL of single-photon interference.

978-613-9-98097-0

'?; 3 OJ < OJ rt'

::;

Lalu Naik Ramavath

Quantum Cryptography & Information Security

,LAP' LAMBERT � Academic Publishing,.

T Raghunadha Reddy working as Associate Professor in Department of Information Technology, Vardhaman College of Engineering, Hyderabad. He completed his M.Tech from SIT, JNTUH, Hyderabad. He completed his Ph.D from JNTUH, Hyderabad. His areas of research interests are Data Mining, Machine Learning and Deep Learning.

978-613-9-90869-1

'?; \0

:::, C ::J OJ

Q. :::, OJ

�Q. Q.'< -< Ill

:::, ::J C

< OJ

a. :::, OJ ::J

T. Raghunadha Reddy

B. Vishnu Vardhan

A Profile Specific Document Weighted Approach for

Author Profiling

,LAP� LAMBERT� Academic PublishingI\

Muni Sekhar Velpuru working as an Associate Professor at Vardhaman College of Engineering. He completed Graduation(M. Tech) from NITK. He completed Ph.D from JNTUH, Hyderabad in CSE. Furthermore, his research interest includes Data Hiding, Computer-Vision and Machine Learning.

978-613-9-89843-5

Muni Sekhar velpuru

Content-Aware Data Hiding Techniques

,1,Ap

i LAMBERT� Academic Publishing"'

•

cs Scanned with

CamScanner

Muni Sekhar velpuru

Content-Aware Data Hiding Techniques

VARDHAMA� le::.. of Engineering

�College -

ACC NO.

•e +=

65070

i B'l f q�o )-

OI

LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing

•

I

I

I

I

Imprint Any brand names and product names mentioned in this book are subject totrademark, brand or patent protection and are trademarks or registeredtrademarks of their respective �,alders. The use of brand names, productnames, common names, trr1dc names, product descriptions etc. even withouta particular marking in this work is in no way to be construed to mean thatsuch names may be regarded as unrestricted in respect of trademark andbrand protection legisl;ition c1ncJ could tt1us be used by anyone.

Cover image: www.ingimagc.com

Publisher: LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing is a trademark of International Book Market Service Ltd., member of OmniScriptum Publishing Group 17 Meldrum Street, Beau Bassin 71504, Mauritius

Printed at: see last page ISBN: 978-613-9-89843-5

Zugl. / Approved by: JNTUH, Hyderabad

Copyright © Muni Sekhar velpuru Copyright © 2018 International Book Market Service Ltd., member of OmniScriptum Publishing Group All rights reserved. Beau Bassin 2018

cs Scanned with

CamScanner

•

•

•

cs

1

2

CHAPTER

1.1

1.2

1.3

1.4

2.1

2.2

2.3

2.4

2.5

2.6

Scanned with

CamScanner

•

V

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Abstract

Table of Contents

List of Tables

List of Figures

List of Abbreviations

INTRODUCTION

DATA HIDING

TITLE

CLASSIFICATION OF DATA HIDING

CONTRIBUTION OF THESIS

ORGANIZATION OF TI-IESIS

LITERATURE SURVEY

INTRODUCTION TO DATA HIDING

DIFFERENTIAL EXPANSION BASED DATA

HIDING

HISTOGRAM MODIFICATION BASED DATA

I1IDING

EDGE BASED DATA HIDING

NEAR-REVERSIBLE DATA I-IIDING

PROBLEM STATEMENT

Page

No.

V

IX

• •

Xll

xv

1

2

4

6

11

14

14

17

20

23

24

26

cs

\'l

CHAPTER

3

3.1

3.2.1

3.2.2

3.2.3

TfTLE

NEAR-REVERSIBLE DATA HIDING BASED ON

FREQUENCY D01\-tAIN ADAPTIVE

QUANTIZATION

Il\ffRODU TlON

PROPOSED TECl-tNIQU.E

DISCRETE \\l A \1ELET 1'R,\NSFOR�1

.t\D,.\PTf\!E QUANTIZ1\ TION

NZAQD E�iBEDDING PROCESS

3.2.3.1 NZ:\QD E1'·1BEDDING i\LGORITH?\f

3.2.4 NZAQD EX'TR,i;\CTlON PROCESS

3.2.4.1 NZAQD EAtRl\CTlON .�LGORJTH�t

3.3 RESULT r\NALYSIS

3.4 SU11l\1ARY

4 TLFCN PIXEL S,ETS DIFFERENTIAL

Scanned with

CamScanner

EXPANSION BASED DATA HIDING

4.1 INTRODUCTION

4.2 PROPOSED TECHNIQUE

4.2. l RE\lERSIBLE INTEGER TRAl�SFOR1't

4.2.2 CHECIGNG E>.."P.-\ND,\BILITY

1\ND

CHJ\NGEABILITY PROPERTIES

4.2.3 TLFCN D,\TA E�1BEDDlNG PROCESS

4.2.3.1 TLFCN EJ\tBEDDING :\LGORITH l

Pn e

No.

.. I

32

36

37

41

41

44

S6

56

57

00

Dr. Nageswara Rao Sirisala, Professor in Vardhaman College of Engineering, Hyd, received his Ph. D from Dept of CSE, JNT University, Anantapuramu, has 14 years of Experience in Teaching and Research. Dr. C. Sheba Bindu, Professor, Dept of CSE, JNTUA College of Engineering,Anantapuramu. She has 19 years of experience in teaching and research.

978-613-8-33389-0

Lil

:::!. Vl

OJ -

OJ -

O'.l

::J 0. C

Nageswara Rao Sirisala

C. Sheba Bindu

Mobile Adhoc Networks: A Research Perspective

,LAPi LAMBERT� Academic Publishing,..

MULTIMEDIA

SECURITY

PARADIGMS A Peer-to-Peer Network Perspective

Dr. Ramesh Shahabadkar

Dr. S. Sai Satyanarayana Reddy

notion press.com

INDIA • SINGAPORE • MALAYSIA

CS Scanned with---� CamScanner-

-

cs llllllll-.

-'

Notion Press

Old No. 38, New No. 6 McNichols Road, Chetpet

Chennai - 600 031

First Published by Notion Press 2018

Copyright © Dr. Ramesh Shahabadkar & Dr. S. Sai Satyanarayana Reddy 2018 All Rights Reserved.

ISBN 978-1-64324-989-6

This book has been published with all efforts taken to make the material error-free after the consent� the author. However, the author and the publisher do not assume and hereby disclaim any liability to a:: parry for any loss, damage, or disruption caused by errors or omissions, whether such errors or omis.tjo:: result from negligence, accident, or any other cause.

No pan of this book may be used, reproduced in any manner whatsoever without written perrnis�o: from the author, except in the case of brief quotations embodied in critical articles and reviews.

Scanned with

CamScanner

CONTENTS

Chapter 1: Essentials of Security Aspects in Peer-to-Peer Network Enabled Multimedia Data Transmission I 1.1 Overview 1 1.2 Peer-to-Peer (P2P) Networking Characteristics 1 1.3 Peer-to-Peer Networking Scenarios 3 1.4 Application Areas 5 1.5 Defining the Problem and the Motivational Factors 6 1.6 Purpose of che Study 6 1.7 Conclusions 7

References 7

Chapter 2: Overview of Conventional Security Approaches in Peer-to-Peer Communication System 8 2.1 Overview 8 2.2 Prior Techniques of Mitigation of Illegal Peer 8 2.3 Prior Techniques of Resisting Payload Insertion 9 2.4 Existing Security Techniques 11 2.5 Tree-Based Approaches 13 2.6 Mesh-Based Approaches 14 2.7 Miscellenous Techniques 15 2.8 Explicit Technqiues to Secure Peer-co-Peer Network 16 2.9 Research Gap 19 2.10 Overview of Security Issues in Peer-to-Peer Network 2.11 Security Considerations for Peer-to-Peer Streaming 2.12 System-Level Security Goals in Peer-to-Peer Streaming 2.13 Data and Content Security Goals in Peer-to-Peer Screaming 2. 14 Protection Mechanisms2.15 Common Attacks in Peer-co-Peer Screaming Systems2.16 Conclusion

References

Chapter 3: Framework for Mitigating Illegitimate Peer 3.1 Overview 3.2 Analytical Foundation for Mitigating Illegal Peer 3.3 The Core Methodologyof che Proposed Foundation 3.4 Numerical Analysis 3.5 Conclusion

Sc .... e,._.

CamScanner

19 20 22 24 24 25 27 28

36 36 36 38 45 47

C

Dr. Ramesh Laxmanrao Shahabadkar

BE, M.Tech, PhD, LMIST E, LMCSI

I am an internationally known patent researcher, academician, and academic leader. I have excellent track records of enhancing academics, teaching-learning and training. I have 27 years of highly successful professional experience, out of which 5 years in patent research and 22 years in teaching at all levels of Engineering. I have been actively involved in technical education, corporate training programs and Intellectual

property rights. I have taught various subjects in the area of computers and information technology across Telangana and Kamataka State, India. I am being recognized as an exceptional teacher and a Corporate Trainer of excellence for my unconventional approach towards teaching and abilities to give real life examples and case studies from my long professional career experience. Furthermore, have conceived, designed, delivered and managed the technology-schools and-university curriculums in India and abroad with contemporary specializations with greater career prospects like Information Technology and Intellectual Property Rights with United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO). I have contributed in placement techniques to

help students to groom themselves generation ahead of the rest of the technology schools and universities and achieved good placement. I am down to the earth, friendly, honest and sincere leader with a very high degree of hands on situational and motivational leadership skills. I have received best academician, distinguished faculty and best researcher awards for my contribution in academics and research.

Dr. Seelam Sai Satyanarayana Reddy

B.E, M.E., Ph.D, SMIEEE, FIETE, FIE, CE, LMCSE, LMISTE, FGEDC, MIUCEE,MIAENG, MIET, MASEE

I am a Professor in Computer Science and Engineering Department, Post-graduation from BITS, Pilani.

I have 25 years of teaching Experience and Administration in Engineering colleges. I am Chairman for Board of Studies and outstanding researcher in the field of cognitive science, data mining. I am Principal investigator for two projects and guiding seven Ph.D. scholars. I received best teaching award from various organizations and visited many universities around the world as a member of ASEE and GEDC. Certified professional in Microsoft, IBM and CISCO. I published many papers in reputed journals and attend conferences in many countries. Filed three patents and author for cwo books. Very hard working nature and very good integrator and Driver by nature.

notion press canned w th .com

Price �250

ISBN 97&-l-b4324·9&9·b

9 UJ 249896 r··

Limit State Design of

Reinforced Concrete Structure

SECOND EDITION

P. DayaratnamFormerly Professor and head of CMl Engineering

Formerly Dean of Research and Development Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur

Formerty Vice Chancellor, J.N.T. University, Hyderabad, India

Dr. P. Sarah Professor of Physics and Dean, R&D Vardhaman College of Engineering

Hyderabad, India

... @) MEDTECH

A Dh1lslon of

Scientific I-ntemational Engaging Sciences-Developing Mlndttf

Contents

1. Introduction 1 Introduction, Stability of Structures, Methods and Philosophy in structural Design, Loads,Objective Questions, Key solutions to the Questions

2. Brief Review of Materials Associated with Reinforced Concrete 22 Introduction, Aggregates in Concrete, Portland Cement, Principal Compounds of PortlandCement, Physical Properties of Portland Cement, Types of Portland Cements, Pozzolanas andAdmixtures, Water Quality in Cement Concrete Construction, Steel Reinforcement, Introductionto Concrete, Important Properties of Concrete, Workability of Concrete, Segregation and

Bleeding of Concrete, Curing of Concrete, Shrinkage and Creep of Concrete, Strength ofConcrete, Durability of Concrete Structures, Durability Design Considerations, Fire ProtectionSpecifications, Quality Assurance in Concrete Structures, Non-destructive Testing of ConcreteStructures, Objective Questions, Key Solutions to Objective Questions

3. Strength Design of Beams of Rectangular Section 89 Basic Concepts, State of Stresses in Concrete and Steel, Design Bending Moment Capacity of

Rectangular Section, Design Loads and Collapse Bending Moment, Design for BendingMoment, Under-Reinforced and Over-Reinforced Sections, Doubly Reinforced Section,Development Length, Anchor Length, Curtailment of Bars, Splices and Lap Lengths, Designfor Transverse Shear in Rectangular Beams, Design for Torsion, Design of Gantry Girder,Problems

4• Strength Design of Non-Rectangular Section and TBeams 138 Introduction, Upright Tr;iangular Section, Inverted Triangular Section, Trapezoidal Sectioned Beam, T sectioned Beams, Problems

5• Design of Prestressed Concrete Beams 167 Introduction, Design Moment Capacity of Rectangular Section, Types of Prestressed ConcreteSBtructures based on Serviceability, Design for Transverse Shear, Design of Flange Sectionedcams, Problems

6 Serviceability Limit State Design of BeaMS 201 Introduction Deft t' L' • • ec ion 1m1t State Design, Effective Moment of Inertia. Deflections due to

viii

Shrinkage and Creep, Design for Strength and Deflection, Some Comments on Deflection Computations, Introduction to Cracks in Reinforced Concrete Construction, Crack Width in Reinforced Concrete, Problems

7. Design of Staircases, Curved and Ties Beams 234 Introduction to Staircases, Loads on Staircases, Design of Staircase, Design of Helicoidal andFolded Plate Staircases, Curved Beams in Plan, Design of Tics or Tension Members, Tie Beams,Design of Tie Beam by Interaction Formula, Problems

8. Design of Slabs by Limit State Design 278 Introduction, Critical Bending Moments in Slabs, Moment Capacity of a Section and DesignProcedure, Design examples of Simple Slabs, Waffle Slabs (Grid Floors), Introduction to FlatSlabs, Approximate Direct Method of Design of Flat Slab, Design Examples of Flat Slabs,Circular Slabs, Circular Slab with Different Load and Boundary Conditions, Design of Differ-ent Shaped Slabs, Problems

9. Yield Line Theory of Slabs 331 Introduction and Assumptions, Simple Examples of Yield Line Patterns, Methods of Analysisin Yield Line Theory, Moment Capacity along an Inclined Line, Method of Virtual Work,Moment Capacity of Slab Section, Examples of Determination of Collapse Load fromMechanism Method, Equilibrium in Mechanism Method, Effect of Restrained Corners, CircularSlab, Design of Slabs Based on the Yield Line Theory, Problems

10. Design of Axially Loaded Columns and Struts 364 Introduction, Buckling of Columns, Types of Columns and Other Limits, Axially Loaded TiedColumns, Design of Long Tied. Columns, Design Aid Table for Axially Loaded Columns,Spiral �einforced Concrete Colurr.ms, Composite Reinforced Concrete Columns, Infilled Con-crete Column, Problems

11. Design of Columns under Combined Bending 390 Introduction, Design Criterion of Columns under Combined Bending and Axial Load, ColumnDesign Aid Curves, Illustrative Example using Column Design Curves, Columns under BiaxialBending Moment, Design of Slender Columns, Problems

12. Limit State Design of Footing and Raft Foundations 427 Introduction, Size of Footing, Depth of Foundation, Structural Design of Footing, IsolatedRectangular Footing, Circular Footing, Combined Footings, Design of Raft Foundation,Problems

13. Pile FoundationsIntroduction, Bearing Piles, Friction Piles, Structural Design of Pile, Precast Reinforced ConcretePile, Precast Prestressed Concrete Pile, Bored Piles, Under-reamed Piles, Design of Pile Cap,Problems

14. Design of Industrial FramesIntroduction, Effective Lengths of Columns, Illustrative Examples, Problems

470

491

ix

15. Design of Multistorey Building Frames 504 Introduction, Design Methodology, Illustrative Examples, Problems

16. Reinforced Concrete Retaining Walls 511 Introduction, Simple Theory of Earth Pressure, Canti_lever Retaining Wall, Counterfort RetainingWall, Criteria of Design of Counterforts, Problems.

17. Multiple Choice Questions

Index

531

539

Design of

REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES FIFTH EDITION

aratnam

aratnam

aratnam

:. Chapra

1a Reddy

Dingman

1S. Gupta

Reinhart

m/ Evans

F. C. Alley

. Annaiah

nsterdam

nsterdam

r, Jackson

na Baskar

>aul Smith

1gineering

rd Fawkes

J.A. Leach

✓asudevan

ishanan, P.

. Mittal, S.

1, Friedrich

Vasudevan

jhakar, Anil

amurthy,S.

1d, Rishabh

(othari, D.P.

Zaveri Vikas

Zaveri Vikas

,amurthy, S.

1amurthy, S.

ind, Rishabh

Kothari, D.P.

hanti Kumar

TinyoGorec

1avid Cooper

..... SanthiA.

raj H. Talikoti

ward Fawkes

1tyanarayana

1tyanarayana

dward, David

Iy, I. Sheludko

1ui,M.R.Smit

Design of

REINFORCED CONCRETE

STRUCTURES FIFTH EDITION

P. DayaratnarhFormerly Professor and head of Civil Engineering

Formerly Dean of Research and Development Indian Ins titute of Technology, Kanpur

Formerly Vice Chancellor, J.N.T. University, Hyderabad, India

Dr. P. Sarah Professor of Physics and Dean, R&D Vardhaman College of Engineering

Hyderabad, India

MEDTECH A Division of Scientific lnternalionaJ

Engaging Sc/ences-Deve/oplng Minds/

Contents 2.9 2.10 2.11 2.12 2.13

Preface to the Fifth Edition 2.14

vi 2.15 Preface to the First Edition ix

Notations xi CHAPTER

PART I : RCC SUPERSTRUCTURES 1 3.1 3.2 3.3

CHAPTER 1. PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS USED IN CONCRETE 3 3.4 3.5

1.1 Introduction 3 1.2 Definitions in Aggregates 3 CHAPTER 1.3 Physical Requirements of Aggregate 4 1.4 Introduction· of Portland Cement 8 4.1 I 1.5 Principal Compounds of Portland Cement 9 4.2 1.6 Physical Requirements of Portland Cement 10 4.3 1.7 Special Cements 11 4.4.

1.8 Cement Concrete Admixtures 14 4.5 1.9 Water Used in Cement Concrete 15 4.6 1.10 Reinformcement Used in RCC 15 4.7 1.11 Pozzolana 17 4.8

· 1.12 Grades of Concrete 17 4.9 1.13 Strength of Concrete 18 4.10

1.14 Durability of Concrete Structures 21 4.11

1.15 Shrinkage Creep and Thermal Expansion 27 1.16 Workability of Concrete 28 1.17 Segregation and Bleeding of Concrete 28 5.1 1.18 Concrete Mix Proportions 29 5.2 1.19 Curing of Concrete 34 5.3 1.20 Sampling of Conc'rete for Quality Control 34 5.4 1.21 Quality Assurance in Concrete Structures 35 5.5

5.6 w

CHAPTER 2. WORKING STRESS DESING OF BEAMS 39 5.7 D

Introduction 39 5.8 D 2.1 5.9 C 2.2 Moment Capa1:ity of Rectangular Sections 40 5.10 2.3 Design of Under- and Over-reinforced Sections 43 5.11 2.4 Doubly Reinforced Section 44 5.12 2.5 Design tor Transverse Shear Force 45 2.6 Development Lengths 47 5.13 2.7 Permissible Stresses and Other Minimum Requirements 49 5.14 2.8 Design E�amples of �ectangular Sections 53

xv

2.9 Moment Capacity of a Triangular Section 60 2.10 Moment Capacity of a Trapezoidal Section 61 2.11 Working Moment Capacity of a Circular Section 62 2.12 Examples of Design of Non-rectangular Section 65 2.13 Stress Analysis of a Section 70 2.14 Doubly Reinforced Concrete Section 74

vi 2.15 Analysis Examples 76 ix

xi CHAPTER 3. WSD OF .DESIGN OF T-BEAMS 83

3.1 Introduction 83 3.2 Resisting Moment of T-beam Sections 84 3.3 Desing Method in T-beams 85

3 3.4 Design Examples 87 3.5 Analysis of Stresses in T-beams 97,

3 3 CHAPTER 4. WSD OF DESIGN OF RCC SLABS 106 4 8 4.1 Introduction 106

9 4.2 Design of One-way Slab 107

10 4,3 Design of Two-way slab 107

11 4.4. Design for Shear 109

14 4.5 Design Examples 112

15 4.6 Flat Slabs 124

15 4.7 Approximate Direct Design Method in Flat Slab 126

17 4.8 Design Examples of Flat Slab 129

17 4.9 Grid Floors 138

18 4.10 Circular Slabs with Simple Boundary Conditions 142

21 4.11 Circular Slab with different Load and Boundary Conditions 145

27 CHAPTER 5. WORKING STRESS DESIGN OF RCC COMPRESSION MEMBERS 28 151

28 5.1 Introduction 151 29 5.2 Permissible Stresses and other Limitations 152 34 5.3 Effective Height of Columns 155 34 5.4 Design of Columns by Elastic and Compatible Strain Theory 158 35 5.5 .WSD of Short Columns 158

5.6 WSD Criterion for Long Columns 159 39 5.7 Design Examples of Tied Columns 159

39 5.8 Design Aid Tables for Axially Loaded Columns 166

40 5.9 Composite Columns 167

43 5.10 lnfilled Columns 173

44 5.11 Spirally Reinforced Columns 174

45 5.12 Columns Subjected to Combined Bending and Axial Force - Uncracked

47 Section 180

49 5.13 Columns Subjected to Combined Bending and Axial Force - Cracking Limits 185

53 5.14 Design of Cracked Columns 186

XVI

5.15 Tensile Stress in Steel Controlliny the Design of the Cracked Sections 195 9.4 De

5.16 Design of Columns Subjected to Wind Load or Seismic Forces 198 9.5 Co

5.17 Design of Uncracked Circular Cross-sectioned Columns Controlled by 9.6 Inti

Compression 201 9.7 Spi 5.18 Cracking Limits and the Failure Modes 205 9.8 Co

CHAPTER 6. WSD OF DESIGN OF MISCELLANEOUS STRUCTURES 9.9 Li

209 9.10 De 6.1 Design of Ties or Tension Members 209 9.11 Co 6.2 Tie Beams ·212 9.12 De 6.3 Design of Staircases 216 9.13 De 6.4 Design of Helicoidal Staircase 225 9.14 Co 6.5 Curved Beams 230 9.15 Int 6.6 Portico Slabs and Frames 235 9.16 De

9.17 De CHAPTER 7. STRENGTH LIMIT STATE DESIGN OF BEAMS 247

7.1 Introduction 247 :HAPTER 1

7.2 Design Strengths and Loads 248 10.1 7.3 Limit Strength of Rectangular Cross-section 250 10.2 7.4 Limit Strength of Prestressed Concrete Rectangular Section 254 10.3 7.5 Design of Doubly Reinforced RCC Rectangular Sections 256 10.4 7.6 Design for Transverse Shear in RCC Beams 257 10.5 7.7 Design Examples of Rectangular Sections Based on Collapse Limit State 259 10.6 7.8 Design of Flanged Sections Based on the Limit State of Strength 269 10.7 Co 7.9 Design of Prestressed Concrete Beam at Transfer Load Condition 272 10.8 Co

7.10 Design Example of Flanged Sections 272 10.9 Eq

7.11 Moment Capacity of a Triangular Section 292 10.10 Eff

7.12 Moment Capacity of a Trapezoidal Section 295- 10.11 De

7.13 Design Examples of Non-rectangular Sectioned Beams 295 10.12 Fla 10.13 Dir

CHAPTER 8. SERVICEABILITY LIMIT STATE DESIGN OF BEAMS 306 10.14 De 10.15 Gri

8.1 Introduction 306 10.16 De 8.2 Deflection Limit State Design 306 8.3 Design Examples of Deflection in RCC Beams 310 :HAPTER 11 8.4 Deflection and Moment Relation for Limit Values of Span to Depth 324 8.5 Limitation on Slenderness Ratio Including the Effect of Reinforcement 326 11 .1 Int

8.6 Limit State of Crack Width 328 11.2 Ba

8.7 Additional Formulae on Crack Control 334 11 3 Re

8.8 Design of the Number of Bars and Cover to the Reinforcement 336 11 .4 De

8.9 Examples on the Design of Limit State Design in Crack 338 11.5 De 11 .6 Re

CHAPTER 9. LIMIT STATE DESIGN OF RCC COLUMNS 348 CHAPTER 1


9.2 Ultimate Load Capacity of RCC Tied Columns 350 12.1 Int

9.3 Design Examples of Tied Columns 352 12.2 Ult

xvii

195 9.4 Design Aid Tables for Axially Loaded Columns 360 198 9.5 Composite Columns 363

9.6 lnfilled Columns 366 201 9.7 Spirally Reinforced Columns 367 205 9.8 Columns Subjected to Combined Bending and Axial Force: Notations 370

9.9 Limiting Capacity of Cracked Column 374 209 9.10 Design of Columns Failing in Compression (Uncracked) 377

209 9.11 Columns Subjected to Combined and Axial Force: No Crack Design 385

·212 9.12 Design of Cracked Columns with Tension Failure 385

216 9.13 Design of Columns Subjected to Wind Load or Seismic Forces 388

225 9.14 Columns of Circular Cross-section Failing in Compression 392

230 9.15 Interaction Formula for Circular Columns 395

235 9.16 Design Examples of Circular Columns, Failing in Gompression 397 9.17 Design of Circular Columns Failing in Tension 402

247 :HAPTER 10. YIELD LINE THEORY AND DESIGN OF SLABS 408

247 248 10.1 Introduction 408 250 10.2 Typical Yield Line Patterns and Failure Mechanisms 409 254 10.3 Moment Capacity Along an Yield Line 412 256 10.4 Method of Virtual Work 413 257 10.5 Resisting Moment Capacity of a Section and Method of Design 414

� 259 10.6 Design for Limit State of Serviceability 417 269 10.7 Collapse Load of Simply Supported Rectangular Slab 417 272 10.8 Collapse Load on a Rectangular Slab with Fixed Boundary 420 272 10.9 Equilibrium in Mechanism Method 421 292 10.10 Effect of Restrained Corners 423 295- 10.11 Design Examples 426

295 10.12 Flat Slabs 436 10.13 Direct Method of Limit Analysis of Flat Slabs 438

306 10.14 Design Examples of Flat Slabs 443 10.15 Grid Floors (Waffle Slab) 450

306 10.16 Design of Circular Slabs 454 306 310 CHAPTER 11. DESIGN OF RESERIVOIRS AND WATER TANKS 461 3·24 326 11 .1 Introduction 461 328 11.2 Balanced Moment and Tension Capacities - Design Criteria 463 334 11.3 Rectangular Water Tanks 464 336 11.4 Design of Cylindrical Water Tanks 486 338 11.5 Design of lntze Tank 496

11.6 Recommended Dimension for lntze Tank and Examples 548 348

348 CHAPTER 12. ULTIMATE STRENGTH DESIGN OF BEAMS 582

350 12.1 Introduction 582 352 12.2 Ultimate Strength of Rectangular Cross-section 583

xviii

12.3 Limit Strength of Prestressed Concrete Rectangular Section 12.4 Design of Doubly Reinforced RCC Rectangular Sections 12.5 Design for Transverse Shear in RCC Beams 12.6 Design Examples of Rectangular Sections 12. 7 Design of Flanged Sections Based on the Ultimate Strength Design12.8 Design of Prestressed Concrete Beam at Transfer Load Condition 12.9 Design Example of Flanged Sections 12.10 Moment Capacity of a Triangular Section 12.11 Moment Capacity of Trapezoidal Section 12.12 Design Examples of Non-rectangular Sectioned Beams

PART II: DESIGN OF FOUNDATIONS

SE

se

58

59

59

59

59

60

60

60

61

16. 16. 16. 16. 16. 16. 16. 16. 16.

CHAP

CHAPTER 13. WORKING STRESS DESIGN OF RCC SHALLOW FOUNDATIONS 61

13.1 lntroducJion 13.2 Size of Foundation 13.3 The Depth of Foundation 13.4 Structural Design of RCC Sections 13.5 Design of Foundations to Wall 13.6 Isolated Footing with Tapering Width 13.7 Combined Footings 13.8 Design of Raft Foundations

CHAPTER 14. DESIGN OF REINFORCED CONCRETE RETAINING WALLS

14.1 Introduction and Classification 14.2 Coulomb Theory of Earth Pressure 14.3 Main Forces on the Walls 14.4 Design Criteria 14.5 Design Criteria for the Footing and Preliminary Size 14.6 Cantilever Retaining Wall 14.7 Curtailment of Reinforcement in the Vertical Wall 14.8 Countertort Retaining Wall 14.9 Criteria of Design of Counterforts

CHAPTER 15. LIMIT STATE DESIGN OF FOOTINGS

15.1 Introduction 15.2 Design of Foundations to wall 15.3 Isolated Footing 15.4 Combined Footings 15.5 Design of Raft Foundation

CHAPTER 16. DESIGN OF DEEP FOUNDATIONS

16.1 Introduction 16.2 Bearing Piles

61 61 61 62

62

62 REFER 65 67 INDEX

671

671 681 68i 68: 68: 681 69' 69l 69!

?Oi

?Oi ?OS 719

733 737

5E 5e 5e·

59 59 59 59 60 60 60

61

"IONS 61

61 61 61 62 62 62 65 67

67

671 681 68: 6S: 6S: 681

69'

69l 69!

70i

70i 70� 71� 733 737

743

743 743

16.3 Friction Piles 16.4 Uplift Capacity 16.5 Structural Design 16.6 Precast Concrete Piles 16.7 Bored Piles 16.8 Under-reamed Piles 16.9 Design of Pile Cap 16.1 O Design Examples of Pile Foundation 16.11 Design of Well Foundations

CHAPTER 17. INTRODUCTION TO MACHINE FOUNDATIONS

17.1 Introduction 17.2 Machine. Vibrations 17 .3 Structural Design of Foundation to Rotary Machines 17.4 Impact Machines 17 .5 Vibration Characteristics 17.6 Design Considerations of Foundations to Impact Machines

REFERENCES

INDEX

xix

744

746 747 748 749 749 751 752 760

774

774

774 779 788 790 791

797

803

-----..

P. Srinivasulu

A Survey of Medical College Libraries in Andhra Pradesh,

India Medical Librarianship & Academic Library System

-

Imprint . . . Any brand names and product name� mentioned 1n this book are subje trademark, brand or patent protection and are trademarks or regist

ct totrademarks of their respective holders. The use of brand names ered

d d t d . . , Product names, common names, tra e names, pro uc escnptions etc. even . h a particular marking in this work is in no way to be construed to m

Wit out such names may be regarded as unrestricted in respect of tradem

ea� thatbrand protection legislation and could thus be used by anyone.

ar and

Cover image: www.ingimage.com

Publisher: LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing is a trademark of International Book Market Service Ltd., member of OmniScriptum Publish· Group ing 17 Meldrum Street, Beau Bassin 71504, Mauritius

Printed at: see last page ISBN: 978-613-9-87501-6

Zugi. I Approved by: Tirupati, Sri Venkateswara University, 2008

Copyright © P. Srinivasulu

•

Copyright © 2018 International Book Mark t s e erv1ce Ltd., member ofOmniScriptum Publishing Group All rights reserved. Beau Bassin 2018

11

P. Srinivasulu

A Survey of Medical College Libraries in Andh·ra Pradesh, India

Medical Librarianship & Academic Library System

•

LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing

1 '1 t{l)l)l'( .. Tl<1N t - 15

Rt·,·1 f\\' l ll: 1111:1t,\ 1"\Jltt: I fi - 70

.,� 0\ l'tt,·11�,,· ()I; l\ll:lllr,,1, 1:111Jc,,·r1()N

\�0 LllJR \RII•:,' 71 -88

\1(TIIOl)Ol.O , \'

.\� \L\'SIS .\�D INTERl'ltEl'Al'IO . OF

n., T .. \ 01=' �11-:otC1-\L COLLEGE LIIJRARIES 95- 161)

;\\.\L ,·., I ,\NI) INTERPl{El'A l'ION OF D,\ T;\

Of '.\1El)ICt\L COLLEGE LI BRAR'' USERS 170- 241

.. L·�1�t:\R\'. CONCLUSIONS AND

RC 0�1'.\IENDA 1·10NS 242- 288

PE�DI E

Appendii. -I 289-290

,\ppendii. - II 291 - 293

Appendir -111 294 - 295

Appcndi� - 1\1 296-304

Appendix -V 305-310

IBLIOGRAPIIY 311 - 339

• ,

Medical education occupie'> a crucial po-,1tion as 1t involves a close and deep study of life itself ,ind its vital proce'>s. It is no more a study of human illness and cure but il cornprehens1ve body of knowledge dealing with health, and hence the productivity ,ind well-being of the citizens. There is a growing awarenes'> of the role of health developn,ent as a vital component of socio-econon1ic developrnent. In this cl1rect1on, library 1s the fountain of knowledge that never run'> dry. Librarie'> are the centres of learning and ">ervice oriented in'>titution'>. The medical ">cience library i'.> one of the several major resources that ensure the smooth flow of information to help improve the quality of health education, re'>earch and patient care. Most of the library surveys were conducted on public and academic libraries. Only a few studies have been conducted on medical college libraries. Hence, the present investigation has been undertaken to survey medicc1I college libraries in A.P., India. With the views expressed by the respondents in survey, viable way to improve the existing l1br<1ry '.>ervices and for creating new vistas in the proper development of the library 1n the optimal way are suggested.

Or_ p_ Srinivasulu is currently working as Librarian a t Vardhaman College of Engineering (Autonomous), Hyderabad, India_ He has 15 years of Research, Teaching and Administrative experience at the College level. He has more than 20 research papers published in various journals and conference proceedings at both National and International level.

978-613-9-87501-6

Having functional experience of cloud computing, Bigdata Research and Education Management for more than 15 Years. Currently working as Associate Professor in the Dept of CSE, Vardhaman College of Engineering, Hyderabad. India. Pursued PhD in CSE with cloud computing as major. Published articles in various international journals and conferences.

978-620-0-11334-4

)> C:

�-

C: -

:!!:': C:

0.

0. OJ :::l

OJ

Dr.Rajanikanth Aluvalu

Dr. lakshmi Muddana

Access control models for cloud computing

Privacy,Security and Trust in Cloud Computing

,LAP� LAMBERT� Academic Publishing

"

Contents

0.1 PREFACE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i

List of Figures ix

List of Tables xi

INTRODUCTION 2

0.2 PRELIMINARIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

0.2.1 Objectives and Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

0.3 MAJOR CONTRIBUTIONS OF THIS BOOK . . . . . . . . . . . 5

0.4 CONTENT ORGANIZATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

FOUNDATIONAL CONCEPTS 8

0.5 ACCOUNTABILITY FOR SECURITY IN CLOUD . . . . . . . . 9

0.6 CONVENTIONAL ACCESS CONTROL

MODELS CAN NOT BE UTILIZED IN

CLOUD COMPUTING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

0.7 ACCESS CONTROL MODELS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

0.7.1 A Simple Approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

0.7.2 Identity Based and Attribute Based Encryption . . . . . . 13

0.7.3 Attribute based encryption (ABE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

0.7.4 Decentralizing Attribute-Based Encryption . . . . . . . . . 15

0.7.5 Online/Offline Attribute-Based Encryption (OOABE) Al-

gorithms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

0.7.6 Fully Secure Functional Encryption . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

0.7.7 Key Policy ABE (KP-ABE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

v

CONTENTS

0.7.8 Revocable key-policy ABE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

0.7.9 Cipher Text Policy Attribute Based Encryption (CP-ABE) 21

0.7.10 Ciphertext Policy Attribute Set Based Encryption (CP-

ASBE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

0.7.11 Ciphertext-Policy Attribute-Based Signcryption (CP-ABSC) 24

0.7.12 Proxy Re-Encryption Based Schemes . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

0.7.13 ABE Scheme with Non-Monotonic Access Structures . . . 26

0.7.14 Hierarchical Attribute-Based Encryption (HABE) . . . . . 27

0.7.15 Re-Encryption Based Key Management With Hybrid At-

tributes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

0.7.16 Multi-Authority Attribute Based Encryption . . . . . . . . 29

0.7.17 Adding attributes to RBAC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

0.7.18 Risk aware access control model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

0.8 ACCESS CONTROL MODELS IMPLEMENTATION . . . . . . 32

0.9 SECURITY IN TELECOMMUNICATIONS & INFORMATION

TECHNOLOGY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

0.9.1 Security requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

0.10 OTHER MAJOR SECURITY THREATS . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

0.11 SET THEORY ANALYSIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

0.12 CONCLUSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

HASBE MODEL WITH SECURE KEY DISTRIBUTION AND

EFFICIENT DOMAIN HIERARCHY FOR CLOUD COMPUT-

ING 40

0.13 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

0.14 EXISTING MODEL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

0.15 PRELIMINARIES & PROPOSED MODEL . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

0.15.1 Features of the Proposed Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

0.16 SYSTEM OPERATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

0.16.1 Sub-Domain Creation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

0.16.2 Access Policy Creation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

0.16.3 Encryption and Decryption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

0.16.4 Key Generation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

0.17 EXPERIMENT RESULTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

vi

CONTENTS

0.18 CONCLUSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

ACCESS CONTROL MODEL WITH ENHANCED FLEXIBILITY

AND SCALABILITY FOR CLOUD 56

0.19 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

0.20 RELATED WORK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

0.21 EXISTING SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

0.22 PRELIMINARIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

0.23 IMPLEMENTATION MODEL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

0.23.1 New Scheme . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

0.23.2 System Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

0.23.3 Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

0.24 RESULTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

0.25 CONCLUSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

A DYNAMIC ATTRIBUTE-BASED RISK AWARE ACCESS CON-

TROL MODEL FOR CLOUD COMPUTING 69

0.26 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70

0.26.1 Literature On Risk-Aware Access Control Models . . . . . 72

0.27 RA-RBAC FRAMEWORK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

0.28 PROBLEM DEFINITION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74

0.29 PROPOSED MODEL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

0.29.1 Risk threshold calculation: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

0.30 RESULT ANALYSIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

0.31 CONCLUSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79

RISK AWARE HIERARCHICAL ATTRIBUTE SET BASED EN-

CRYPTION ACCESS CONTROL MODEL 80

0.32 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

0.33 EXISTING MODELS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

0.34 PRELIMINARIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84

0.35 IMPLEMENTATION MODEL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86

0.36 EXPERIMENT RESULTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90

0.37 CONCLUSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92

vii

EXPERIMENTAL SETUP 93

0.38 IMPLEMENTATION PLATFORM

AND CLOUD ENVIRONMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94

0.39 DESCRIPTION OF THE DATA SETS USED FOR PERFOR-

MANCE ANALYSIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96

0.39.1 Size of the dataset used: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96

Access control models-Road Ahead 99

0.40 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99

0.41 Access control:what’s next . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102

REFERENCES 104

viii

Prof.(Dr.) Raman Dugyala, B.Tech,M.Tech,PhD,Presently working in Vardhaman College of Engineering Telangana State India, Patent published 06,Having DST Projects worth 1 Crore. Prof.(Dr) Beg Raj, Principal, AITM Engineering Institute, Varanashi,UP,lndia. Prof.(Dr) Yashpal Singh, Professor & Dean Sree Chaitanya College of Engineering, TS, India.

978-620-0-09288-5

l/l

:::, lQ

:::,--

0 C

lQ

'< OJ -

OJ -

Prof. (Dr) Yashpal Singh

Prof. (Dr) Raman Dugyala

Prof. (Dr) Beg Raj

Cloud Computing Paradigm A complete Reference book

,LAP� LAMBERT � Academic Publishing"

Akhil Jabbar l'v1eerja

BL Deekshatulu

Heart Disease Data Classification using Data

Mining Techniques

,LAP� LAMBERTAcademic Publishing

This book is an essential reference work for academicians, professionals, researchers, and students interested in the relationship between data mining and medical database. This book offers an overview of machine learning technologies and evolutionary techniques in decision support systems for the diagnosis of heart disease based on medical data. Data collected from various hospitals were selected and preprocessed for this study. These techniques are used to explore risk factors associated with heart disease. This book also covers state-of-the-art research toward developing a decision support system for heart disease prediction with machine learning approaches. The book presents numerous techniques, algorithms, and models. It describes neural networks, evolutionary techniques like genetic algorithms, associative classification, and statistical models, and machine learning approaches for heart disease prediction. We discussed how these machine learning techniques are used to classify heart disease data sets.

Dr M A.JABBAR 1s a Professor, Dept of CSE at, Vardhaman College of Eng1neer1ng, Hyderabad, I nd1a He has been teaching for more than 19 years. He obtained his Ph D from JNTUH. He 1s serving as a vice chair of the IEEE Computer Society chapter (Hyderabad) Section He received the best faculty researcher award f ram CSI and Fossee labs Mumbai.

978-613-9-46428-9

Digital India A road ahead

'LJLWDO�,QGLD�² $�URDG�DKHDG

*XZDKDWL

'LJLWDO�,QGLD�² $�URDG�DKHDG

(GLWHG�%\�'U��7D]\Q�5DKPDQ

$VVRFLDWH�3URIHVVRU �+HDG�6FKRODU¶V�3URJUDP,QVWLWXWH�RI�0DQDJHPHQW�6WXGLHV��

1RLGD

)LUVW�,PSUHVVLRQ��

'LJLWDO�,QGLD�² $�URDG�DKHDG�,6%1��

5V��

1R�SDUW� RI� WKH� ERRN�PD\� EH� SULQWHG�� FRSLHG�� VWRUHG�� UHWULHYHG�� GXSOLFDWHG� DQG� UHSURGXFHG� LQ� DQ\�IRUP�ZLWKRXW�WKH�ZULWWHQ�SHUPLVVLRQ�RI�WKH�SXEOLVKHU ��(GLWRU�

',6&/$,0(5,QIRUPDWLRQ�FRQWDLQHG� LQ�WKLV�(GLWHG�ERRN�KDV�EHHQ�SXEOLVKHG�E\�(PS\UHDO�3XEOLVKLQJ +RXVH�DQG�KDV�EHHQ�REWDLQHG�E\�WKH�DXWKRU�V� IURP�VRXUFHV�EHOLHYHG�WR�EH�UHOLDEOH�DQG�DUH�FRUUHFW�WR�WKH�EHVW�RI�KLV�KHU NQRZOHGJH��7KH�DXWKRU�V� DUH�VROHO\�UHVSRQVLEOH�IRU�WKH�FRQWHQWV�RI�WKH�DUWLFOHV�FRPSLOHG�LQ�WKLV�ERRN��5HVSRQVLELOLW\�RI�DXWKHQWLFLW\�RI�WKH�ZRUN�RU�WKH�FRQFHSWV��YLHZV�SUHVHQWHG�E\�WKH�DXWKRU�WKURXJK�WKLV ERRN�VKDOO�OLH�ZLWK�WKH�DXWKRU� 7KH�SXEOLVKHU RU�HGLWRU�GR�QRW�WDNH�DQ\�UHVSRQVLELOLW\�IRU�WKH� VDPH� LQ� DQ\� PDQQHU� (UURUV�� LI� DQ\�� DUH SXUHO\� XQLQWHQWLRQDO� DQG� UHDGHUV� DUH� UHTXHVWHG� WR�FRPPXQLFDWH�VXFK�HUURU�WR�WKH�(GLWRU WR�DYRLG�GLVFUHSDQFLHV�LQ�IXWXUH�

3XEOLVKHG�E\�(PS\UHDO�3XEOLVKLQJ +RXVH�*XZDKDWL��$VVDP0RELOH�1R� ��(PDLO� LQIR#HGLWHGERRN�LQ

,9

35()$&(,QGLD LV�QRZ�RQH�RI�WKH�IDVWHVW�JURZLQJ�HFRQRPLHV�LQ�WKH�ZRUOG� ,QGLD LV�SURJUHVVLQJ�ZLWK�D� OLJKWQLQJ�VSHHG�� ,Q� WKLV� SURJUHVV� WHFKQRORJ\� LV� SOD\LQJ� D� YLWDO� UROH� DQG� ZLWK� WKH� 'LJLWDO� ,QGLD� 3URMHFW� EHLQJ�LQWURGXFHG� XQGHU� WKH� JRYHUQDQFH� RI� 3ULPH� 0LQLVWHU� 1DUHQGUD� 0RGL�� ,QGLD� LV� DOO� VHW� WR� JR� 'LJLWDO��'LJLWDO� ,QGLD� LV�D�FDPSDLJQ� ODXQFKHG� WR�DFKLHYH� WKH�XOWLPDWH�JRDO�RI� µLQFOXVLRQ�RI�HYHU\RQH¶�DQG� WR�HQVXUH� WKDW� *RYHUQPHQW� VHUYLFHV� DUH� PDGH� DYDLODEOH� WR� FLWL]HQV� HOHFWURQLFDOO\� E\� LPSURYLQJ� RQOLQH�LQIUDVWUXFWXUH�DQG�E\�LQFUHDVLQJ�,QWHUQHW�FRQQHFWLYLW\�RU�E\�PDNLQJ�WKH�FRXQWU\�GLJLWDOO\�HPSRZHUHG��7KLV� FDPSDLJQ� ZLOO� DOVR� DFW� DV� D� IDFLOLWDWRU� IRU� 5LJKW� WR� ,QIRUPDWLRQ� ZKLFK� LV� PDQGDWHG� E\� WKH�FRQVWLWXWLRQ�RI�,QGLD��DV�WKH�VDPH�ULJKW� LQFOXGHV�IDFLOLWLHV�WR�EH SURYLGHG�IRU�WKH�SXUSRVH�RI�DFFHVVLQJ�LQIRUPDWLRQ��7KH� YLVLRQ�RI�'LJLWDO� ,QGLD�SURJUDP� LV� LQFOXVLYH�JURZWK� LQ�DUHDV�RI�HOHFWURQLF� VHUYLFHV��SURGXFWV�� PDQXIDFWXULQJ� DQG� MRE� RSSRUWXQLWLHV� HWF�� DQG� LW� LV� FHQWHUHG� RQ� WKUHH� NH\� DUHDV� ± 'LJLWDO�,QIUDVWUXFWXUH� DV� D� 8WLOLW\� WR� (YHU\� &LWL]HQ�� *RYHUQDQFH� � 6HUYLFHV� RQ� 'HPDQG� DQG� 'LJLWDO�(PSRZHUPHQW�RI�&LWL]HQV�

'LJLWDO� ,QGLD� $� URDG� DKHDG� LV� D� FRPSLODWLRQ� RI� �� FKDSWHUV� ZKLFK� LQFOXGHV� DUWLFOHV�� UHVHDUFK� DQG�FRQFHSWXDO�SDSHUV�FRQWULEXWHG�E\�YDULRXV�DFDGHPLFLDQV�DQG�UHVHDUFK�VFKRODUV��7KH�WKHPH�RI�WKH�ERRN�LV�NHSW�NHHSLQJ�LQ�YLHZ�WKH�SUHVHQW�VFHQDULR�ZKHUH�,QGLD�LV�HQWHULQJ�D�QHZ�SKDVH�RI�'LJLWL]DWLRQ��

7KH�ERRN�LV�GHYRWHG�WR�H[DPLQLQJ�VRPH�NH\�GLPHQVLRQV�RI�GHJLWLWDOL]DWLRQ��,W�WKURZV�OLJKW�RQ�YDULRXVDVSHFW�RI�GLJLWDOL]DWLRQ� OLNH�(� 6HUYLFHV��(�± 0DUNHWLQJ��(�± 5HWDOLQJ�DQG�'LJLWDO�/LEUDU\��7KLV�ERRN�WULHV� WR�RSHQ�XS�DQ�HQFKDQWLQJ�ZLQGRZ�RQ�KRZ�GLJLWDOL]DWLRQ� LQ� YDULRXV�DUHDV� LV� EHLQJ� LPSOHPHQWHG�DQG� ZKDW� DUH� WKH� FKDOOHQJHV� WKDW� DUH� EHLQJ� IDFHG� ZKLOH� LPSOHPHQWLQJ� WKH� VDPH�� 7KH� FKDSWHUV�FRQWULEXWHG�IRU�WKLV�ERRN�KDYH�EHHQ�FOXEEHG�LQWR�� PDMRU�VHFWLRQV�

3DUW�² ��'LJLWDO�,QGLD

3DUW�² ��(�² 6HUYLFHV

3DUW�² ��(�² &RPPHUFH

3DUW�² ��(�² 0DUNHWLQJ

3DUW�² ��(�� 5HWDLOLQJ

3DUW�² ��'LJLWDO�/LEUDU\

7KH�SXUSRVH�RI�WKLV�ERRN�LV�WR�EULQJ�IRUWK�WKH�YDULRXV�DVSHFWV�RI�GLJLWDO�,QGLD��:H�KRSH�WKDW�WKLV�ERRN�ZLOO�EH�KHOSIXO�IRU�VWXGHQWV��UHVHDUFKHUV��FRUSRUDWH�IUDWHUQLW\�DQG�DOO�VWDNHKROGHUV�RI�'LJLWDO�,QGLD��

2FWREHU� �� 'U��7D]\Q�5DKPDQ*KD]LDEDG

9

$FNQRZOHGJHPHQW

7KLV�FRPSLODWLRQ�LV�DQ�RXWFRPH�RI�WKH�HIIRUWV�DQG�KDUG�ZRUN�SXW�LQ�E\�WKH�FRQWULEXWRUV��ZKRVH�SDSHUVSURYLGH� ULFKQHVV� RI� FRQWHQW� WR� WKLV� ERRN�� ,� FRQYH\� RXU� VLQFHUH� WKDQNV� WR� DOO� WKH� DXWKRUV� ZKR� KDYH�FRQWULEXWHG�WKHLU�SDSHUV�

:RUG� IDLOV� WR� H[SUHVV P\� LQGHEWHGQHVV� IRU� WKH� FRRSHUDWLRQ� DQG� JHQHURXV� VXSSRUW�RI�P\� VSRXVH�0U�$NKWHU�$ODP�DQG�P\�VRQ�,UIDQ�$ODP�ZKR�ORVW�P\�DWWHQWLRQ�GXULQJ�WKH�HQWLUH�SHULRG�RI�ZRUNLQJ�RQ�WKLV�ERRN��,Q�IDFW��WKH\�DUH�P\�VWUHQJWK�DQG�WKH�ZLOO�SRZHU�EHKLQG�WR�ZRUN�KDUGHU�DQG�KDUGHU�

,� DP� REOLJHG� WR� 0U�� =DKLU� $KPHG� DQG� 0U�� $UYLQG� .XPDU� RI� (PS\UHDO� 3XEOLFDWLRQ� +RXVH� IRU�SXEOLVKLQJ�WKLV�ERRN�LQ�D�YHU\�VKRUW�GXUDWLRQ�

:LWKRXW�WKH�DFWLYH�LQYROYHPHQW�DQG�VXSSRUW�RI�DOO�WKRVH�PHQWLRQHG�DERYH��WKLV�YROXPH�ZRXOG�QRW�KDYH�EHHQ�SRVVLEOH�

/DVW�EXW�QRW�WKH�OHDVW�,�ERZ�P\�KHDG�WR�WKH�$OPLJKW\�ZKR�DOZD\V�JDYH�PH�WKH�VWUHQJWK�WR�PRYH�RQ�LQ�OLIH�RQ�WKH�ULJKW�SDWK�

'U��7D]\Q�5DKPDQ

9,

/,67�2)�&217(1763UHIDFH

$FNQRZOHGJHPHQW

,9

9

/LVW�RI�&RQWHQWV 9,

3DUW�² ��'LJLWDO�,QGLD

&+$//(1*(6�$1'�23325781,7,(6�2)�',*,7$/,=$7,21�,1',$

<�3UDNDVK DQG�<�6DJDULND

��± ��

$� &5,7,&$/� $1$/<6,6�2)� 7+(� 52/(�2)� ,7� ,1�0$1$*,1*�&25325$7(� )5$8'6� $1'�6&$1'$/6

'U��1HHWX�3UDNDVK

��± ��

%,*�'$7$�$1$/<6,6��$�&+$//(1*$%/(�7$6.

%RUQDOL�'XWWD

��± ��

%,*�'$7$�$1'�'$7$0,1,1*

$QLO�%DEX�0LNNLOLQHQL DQG�6LULVKD�$GDPDOD

��± ��

',*,7$/�± 3$1&+$<$7�,1�585$/�,1',$

'U��3DOODYL�6�.XVXJDO� 'U��1DUD\DQ�'DWWD�$UXQGKHNDU DQG�*XUXVLGGD\\D�0�6DUXU

��± ��

',*,7$/�,1',$�$1'�52/(�2)�0(',$

'U��5DPHVK�.XPDU�5DZDW

��± ��

$�48,&.�5(9,(:�21�%(1(),76�2)�',*,7$/,=$7,21�,1�+,*+(5�('8&$7,21�6<67(0

+HPHQ�'XWWD

��± ��

3DUW�² ��(�� 6HUYLFHV

(�+50��$�&$7$/<67�)25�&+$1*(�72�1(:�',*,7$/�25*$1,6$7,21

'U��1DJDUDMX�%DWWX�DQG�6��.DKPHHUD

��± ��

23,1,21�2)�3(23/(�5(*$5',1*�(�%$1.,1*�)$&,/,7,(6�,1�7,168.,$�72:1

1HKDO�&KKDODQL

��± ��

',*,7$/,=,1*�%$1.�&+(48(�6,*1$785(�9(5,),&$7,21�6<67(0

$VKRN�.XPDU��'�DQG�'KDQGDSDQL��6

��± ��

$66(660(17�2)�(�*29(51$1&(�352-(&76�,1�6287+�5$-$67+$1

3URI��0HHUD�0DWKXU�DQG�6KXEKDP�*RVZDPL

��± ��

21/,1( 5(&58,70(17�6<67(05HFUXLWLQJ�6\VWHP�8VHU�*XLGH��,QVWUXFWLRQV�IRU�XVHUV�RI�WKH�2QOLQH�UHFUXLWLQJ�V\VWHP

0��9LQRWK�DQG�'U�.�6DQWKDQD�/DNVKPL

��± ��

9,,

',*,7$/�0,&52%,2/2*<�± $�/($3�,172�7+(�)8785(

'U��-D\D�9LNDV�.XUKHNDU

��± ��

585$/�35263(5,7<�7+528*+�(�%$1.,1*�6(59,&(6

3XVK\DPLWUD�7LZDUL

��± ��

3DUW�² ��(�� &RPPHUFH

(�&200(5&(�,1�,1',$��$&&(/(5$7,1*�*52:7+�$1'�)8785(�35263(&76

'U��5��/RNHVKNXPDU�DQG�(��0DUXWKDYDQL

��± ��

(� &200(5&(�,1�$*5,&8/785(�,1387�,1'8675<��352%/(06�$1'�35263(&76

*DXWDP 3DUPDU��6ZDWL�6KDUPD��$OSHVK�/HXD�DQG�5XFKLUD�6KXNOD

��± ��

(�&200(5&(�,1�,1',$��23325781,7,(6�$1'�&+$//(1*(6

'U��5DQD�=HKUD�0DVRRG

��± ��

(�$*5,&8/785(��75$16)250$7,21�2)�,1',$1�$*5,&8/785(�9,$�(�&200(5&(

6ZDWL�6KDUPD��5XFKLUD�6KXNOD��*DXWDP�3DUPDU�DQG�$OSHVK�/HXD

��± ��

3DUW�² ��(�� 0DUNHWLQJ

&86720(5�6(*0(17$7,21�:,7+�5(63(&7�72�02%,/(�0$5.(7,1*�,1�7$0,/1$'8

'U��6��6DVLNXPDU�DQG�3URI��5��9HHUDSSDQ

��± ��

$� 678'<� 2)� &86720(5¶6� 86$*(� 3$77(51� $%287� ,&7� 75(1'6� ,1� %$1.,1*� :�5�7��080%$, $1'�7+$1(�5(*,21

'U��6KUDGGKD�0D\XUHVK�%KRPH�DQG�$GY��6X\DVK�9��3UDGKDQ

��± ��

$1$/<6,6�2)�,03$&7�2)�(;3(5,(1&(�2)�,&7�,1�%$1.,1*�$6�&267�())(&7,9(�722/�21�&86720(56�,1�&2�23(5$7,9(�%$1.6�2)�7+$1(�5(*,21

$GY��6X\DVK�9��3UDGKDQ�DQG�'U��6KUDGGKD�0D\XUHVK�%KRPH

��± ��

3DUW�² ��(�� 5HWDLOLQJ

)$&7256� ,1)/8(1&,1*� (�6+233,1*� $021*� :20(1� ,1� (52'(� ',675,&7��7$0,/1$'8

'U��9��5��0DODUYL]KL

��± ��

6833/<�&+$,1�6<67(0�,1�(�7$,/,1*�$6�$�&203/(;�1(7:25.

'��%DUXDK�DQG�'U��$��%KDUDOL

��± ��

3DUW�² �� 'LJLWDO�/LEUDU\

&20081,7<� ,1)250$7,21� 6(59,&(6� 7+528*+� 38%/,&� /,%5$5,(6� ,1� ',*,7$/�(19,5210(17

6DQMR\�.XPDU�+D]DULND

��

3DUW�² �

'LJLWDO�,QGLD

'LJLWDO�,QGLD�± $�URDG�DKHDG

�

&+$//(1*(6�$1'�23325781,7,(6�2)�',*,7$/,=$7,21�,1',$

<�3UDNDVK DQG�<�6DJDULND

$%675$&7'LJLWDO� ,QGLD� LQLWLDWLYH� DLPV� DW� UHDFKLQJ� WKH� XQUHDFKHG� WKURXJK� EURDGEDQG� KLJKZD\�� XQLYHUVDO� DFFHVV� WR�PRELOH�FRQQHFWLYLW\��SXEOLF� LQWHUQHW�DFFHVV�SURJUDPPH�� 'LJLWDOL]DWLRQ�RI�EXVLQHVV�DQG�GHOLYHU\�RI�VHUYLFHV�OHDGV� WR� HDVH� RI� DFFHVV�� WUDQVSDUHQF\� DQG� UHGXFWLRQ� LQ� WUDQVDFWLRQ� FRVW� VXFK� DV� H�*RYHUQDQFH�� H�.UDQWL�(OHFWURQLF�GHOLYHU\�RI�VHUYLFHV��7KH�GLJLWDOL]DWLRQ�FUHDWHV�,7�MREV�IRU�WKH�VNLOOHG�\RXWK�UHVXOWV�LQ�LQFRPH�OHYHO�WKDW�FRQWULEXWH�WR�HFRQRPLF�JURZWK��,QIUDVWUXFWXUH�SOD\�D�YLWDO�UROH�IRU�HOHFWURQLF�PDQXIDFWXULQJ�WR�WDUJHW�]HUR�LPSRUWV�E\��$GYDQFHPHQW�LQ�,&7�WHFKQRORJLHV�OHDGV�WR�JUHDWHU�EHQHILWV�WR�WKH�FLWL]HQ�HQJDJHPHQW�ZLWK�JRYHUQPHQW�� 7KH�*RYHUQPHQW�QHHGV�WHFKQRORJLFDO�SDUWQHUV�ZKR�FDQ�SURYLGH� LQWHJUDWHG� IDFLOLWLHV� OLNH�FORXG� VWRUDJHIRU� KXJH� GDWD�� GDWD� DQDO\WLFV�� LQWHJUDWLRQ� RI� WHFKQRORJLHV� ZLWK� EXVLQHVV� HQWHUSULVHV� DQG�JRYHUQPHQWDUH� QHHG� RI� WKH� KRXU�� 'LJLWDOL]DWLRQ� SURYLGHV� HIILFLHQW� VHUYLFHV� LQ� DJULFXOWXUH�� HGXFDWLRQ�� DQG�KHDOWKFDUH��%DQNLQJ��)LQDQFLDO�6HUYLFH�DQG� ,QVXUDQFH�,QWURGXFWLRQ�RI� ,&7� LQ�$JULFXOWXUH� VXFK�DV� H�1$0��1H*3�FDQ�LQSXW�IDUPHUV�RQ�VRLO�WHVW��VHHGV��QXWULHQWV��SHVWV��ZHDWKHU�IRUHFDVW��PDUNHWLQJ�RI�SURGXFH�DQG�WR�UHPRYH� DV\PPHWULF� LQIRUPDWLRQ� EHWZHHQ� EX\HUV� DQG� VHOOHUV�� 7KH� 2SSRUWXQLWLHV� LQ� HGXFDWLRQ� SURYLGHV�TXDOLW\� DQG� YLUWXDO� HGXFDWLRQ� V\VWHP� WR� SUHYHQW� GURSRXWV�� LQIUDVWUXFWXUH� GHYHORSPHQW� KHOSV� LQ� LQVWDOODWLRQ�DQG� XWLOL]DWLRQ� RI� LQFXEDWLRQ� FHQWHUV� IRU� 5HVHDUFK� DQG�'HYHORSPHQWDO� DFWLYLWLHV�� )RU� H[DPSOH�� 586$� OLNH�DSSV� FUHDWHV� FDSDEOH�SHRSOH�DQG�JRRG�FLWL]HQ�� 'LJLWDOL]DWLRQ� LQ�+HDOWKFDUH�KDV�JUHDWHU�DGYDQWDJH� WR� WKH�PHGLFDO� SURIHVVLRQ� LQ� UHVHDUFK� DQG� GHYHORSPHQW� DFWLYLWLHV�� WUDFN� WKH� SDWLHQWV¶KHDOWK� UHFRUGV� DQG�WHOHPHGLFLQH� LQ� UXUDO� DUHDV� DOORZV� WKH� SDWLHQWV� WR� DFFHVV� EHWWHU� KHDOWKFDUH�� *RYHUQPHQW� LPSHWXV� VXFK� DV�LQFHQWLYL]LQJ� SULYDWH� SOD\HUV�� GLJLWDOL]DWLRQ� LQ� SULPDU\� KHDOWK� FHQWHUV� FUHDWHV� DZDUHQHVV� WR� DFFHVV� UREXVW�KHDOWKFDUH�� ,&7�SOD\�D� YLWDO� UROH� LQ�%DQNLQJ��)LQDQFLDO�6HUYLFHV�DQG� ,QVXUDQFH� �%)6,�� $SDUW� IURP� WKLV�EURDGEDQG� FRQQHFWLYLW\�� SHQHWUDWLRQ� RI� VPDUWSKRQHV� DW� FKHDSHU� SULFH� DUH� WKH� QHHG� RI� WKH� KRXU� WR� PDNH'LJLWDO�,QGLD�D�VXFFHVV��'XH�WR�GHPRQHWL]DWLRQ��WKHUH�LV�KXJH�LQFUHDVH�LQ�PRELOH�DSSV�VXFK�DV�%+,0�DSS��ZDOOHWV��XVDJH�RI�326�PDFKLQH��EDQNLQJ�DSSOLFDWLRQV�IRU�VPRRWK�EDQNLQJ�WUDQVDFWLRQ�ZLWK�OHVV�WUDQVDFWLRQ�FRVW��:LWK�DGYDQFHPHQW�LQ�PRELOH�DSSOLFDWLRQ��UHTXLUHPHQWV�RI�FXVWRPHU�KDV�FUHDWHG�D�WKUHDW�WR�WKH�WKHIW�RI�GDWD�GXH�WR�F\EHUDWWDFN��7KLV�KDV�WR�EH�DGGUHVV�ZLWK�D�KROLVWLF�SROLF\�RQ�F\EHUVHFXULW\�PHDVXUHV�WR�SURWHFW�WKH�SULYDF\�RI�GDWD��,QWHJUDWLRQ�RI�H�VLJQ�WHFKQRORJLHV�FDQ�UHGXFH�WKH�EUHDFK�RI�GDWD�RI�FRVWXPHUV��

.H\ZRUGV�&KDOOHQJHV�RI�'LJLWDO�,QGLD��'LJLWDO�,QGLD��2SSRUWXQLWLHV�RI�'LJLWDO�,QGLD��H�JRYHUQDQFH��H�NUDQWL�

,1752'8&7,217KH� 1DWLRQDO� H�*RYHUQDQFH� 3ODQ� DSSURYHG� LQ� �� KDV� QRW� HQVXUHG� HIIHFWLYH� SURJUHVV� LQ� HOHFWURQLFV�PDQXIDFWXULQJ� DQG� H�*RYHUQDQFH� LQ� WKH� FRXQWU\� EXW� KDV� PDGH� D� VWHDG\� SURJUHVV� WKURXJK�0LVVLRQ�0RGH�SURMHFWV�DQG�&RUH�,&7�,QIUDVWUXFWXUH�� ,Q�RUGHU�WR�VHUYH�EHWWHU�WR�WKH�FLWL]HQV�RI�WKH�FRXQWU\�WKH�*RYHUQPHQW�RI� ,QGLD� DQQRXQFHG� 'LJLWDO� ,QGLD�� 7KH� 'LJLWDO� ,QGLD� SURJUDPPH� VXSSRUWV� LQIUDVWUXFWXUH� DQG� SURYLGHV�PHDVXUHV�WR�HQVXUH�WKH�FLWL]HQV�HOHFWURQLF�VHUYLFHV��PDQXIDFWXULQJ�GHYLFHV�SURGXFWV DQG�MRE�RSSRUWXQLWLHV�WR�HPSRZHU�WKHP�DQG�FUHDWH�NQRZOHGJH�HFRQRP\�WKDW�SURPRWHV�LQFOXVLYH�JURZWK�

5(9,(:�2)�/,7(5$785(7KH� DXWKRU� FRQFOXGHG� WKDW� YLVLRQ� RI� GLJLWDO� ,QGLD� LV� D� KXJH� VWHS� WR� HPSRZHU� QDWLRQ�� ,W� LV� DOVR� VDLG� WKDW�LPSOHPHQWDWLRQ�RI�QLQH�SLOODUV�RI�WKH�PLVVLRQ�IDFHG�VHULRXV�FKDOOHQJHV�LQ�LPSOHPHQWDWLRQ�6HHPD�'XD��7KH�UHVHDUFK�KLJKOLJKWV�WKDW�LQFUHDVHG�GLJLWDOL]DWLRQ�UHDSHG�WKH�JDLQV�LQ�HFRQRPLHV��VRFLHWLHV�DQG�IXQFWLRQLQJ�RI�SXEOLF� VHFWRUV�� 'XULQJ��'LJLWDOL]DWLRQ�FRQWULEXWHV� WR�ZRUOG� HFRQRP\�DQ�DGGLWLRQDO��EQ�� DQG��PLOOLRQ�MREV�ZRUOGZLGH��³'LJLWL]DWLRQ�FUHDWHV�MREV��ZLWK�D��SRLQW�LQFUHDVH�LQ�WKH�GLJLWL]DWLRQ�VFRUH�OHDGLQJ�WR�D��SHUFHQW�GURS� LQ�WKH�XQHPSOR\PHQW�UDWH�´��7KH�QHZ�SXEOLF�JRYHUQDQFH�DSSURDFKHV�DUH�UHTXLUHG�WREH�VXSSRUW�D�VKLIW�IURP�FLWL]HQ�FHQWULF�DSSURDFKHV�WR�FLWL]HQ�GULYHQ�DSSURDFKHV��,PSURYHG�VHUYLFH�GHOLYHU\�DQG� LQWHUQDO�SXEOLF� VHFWRU� HIILFLHQF\� VKRXOG� JR� KDQG�LQ�KDQG�SURPRWHV� HFRQRPLF� JURZWK�� VRFLHWDO� HTXDOLW\�DQG� JRRG� JRYHUQDQFH� ZLWK� JUHDWHU� WUDQVSDUHQF\�� LQWHJULW\� DQG� FLWL]HQ� HQJDJHPHQW�� LI� QRW� LW� UHVXOWV� LQ�HFRQRPLF�DQG�ILQDQFLDO�FULVLV�


�

5(6($5&+�0(7+2'2/2*<7KH� GDWD� LV� VHFRQGDU\� GDWD� FROOHFWHG� IURP� -RXUQDOV�� 0DJD]LQH�� $QQXDO� 5HSRUWV�� 5HFRPPHQGDWLRQV� RI�&RXQFLOV��:HE�FRQWHQW�RI�*RYHUQPHQW�2UJDQL]DWLRQV�WKDW�UHODWHV�WR�VXEMHFW�PDWWHU��

2%-(&7,9(�2)�7+(�678'<�� 7R�H[DPLQH�WKH�FRQFHSW�RI�'LJLWDO�,QGLD

�� 7R�H[SORUH�WKH�YDULRXV�DUHDV�RI�'LJLWDOL]DWLRQ�LQ�,QGLD

�� 7R�LGHQWLI\�WKH�RSSRUWXQLWLHV�LQ�'LJLWDO�,QGLD�SURJUDPPH�WR�WDS�WKH�XQWDSSHG�RSSRUWXQLWLHV��

�� 7R�DQDO\VLV�WKH�FKDOOHQJHV�WKDW�DFW�DV�EDUULHUV�WR�'LJLWDO�,QGLD�

�� 7R�GHVFULEH�WKH�EHQHILWV�RI�'LJLWDOL]DWLRQ�LQ�,QGLD�WKDW�FRQWULEXWHV�WR�HFRQRPLF�JURZWK�

$,0�2)�',*,7$/�,1',$'LJLWDO�,QGLD�3URJUDPPHV�DLPV�WR�VXSSRUW�WKH�WKUXVW�DUHDV�LQFOXGHV�� %URDGEDQG� +LJKZD\�,W� LQFOXGHV� %URDGEDQG� IRU� $OO�5XUDO�� %URDGEDQG� IRU� $OO�8UEDQ�� 1DWLRQDO�

,QIRUPDWLRQ�,QIUDVWUXFWXUH��1,,��

�� 8QLYHUVDO� $FFHVV� WR�0RELOH�&RQQHFWLYLW\�� ,W� IRFXVHV� RQ� QHWZRUN� SHQHWUDWLRQ� DQG� ILOOLQJ� WKH� JDSV� LQ�FRQQHFWLYLW\�LQ�WKH�FRXQWU\��7R�SURYLGH�DFFHVV�WR WKH�XQFRYHUHG�YLOODJHV�LQ�D�SKDVHG�PDQQHU��7KHUH�DUH�DERXW��YLOODJHV�LQ�WKH�FRXQWU\�WKDW�GRHV�QRW�KDYH�DFFHVV�WR�PRELOH�FRQQHFWLYLW\�

�� 3XEOLF� ,QWHUQHW�$FFHVV� 3URJUDPPH��7KH� WZR� VXE� FRPSRQHQWV� LQFOXGHV� �&RPPRQ�6HUYLFHV�&HQWUHV��3RVW�2IILFHV�DV�PXOWL�VHUYLFH�FHQWUHV��IRU�GHOLYHU\�RI�JRYHUQPHQW�DQG�EXVLQHVV�VHUYLFHV��

�� H�*RYHUQDQFH��5HIRUPLQJ�*RYHUQPHQW�7KURXJK�7HFKQRORJ\��*RYHUQPHQW�3URFHVV�5H�HQJLQHHULQJ�XVLQJ�,7�WR�VLPSOLI\�DQG�PDNH�WKH�JRYHUQPHQW�SURFHVVHV�PRUH�HIILFLHQW�LV�FULWLFDO�IRU�WUDQVIRUPDWLRQ�WR�PDNH� WKH� GHOLYHU\� RI� JRYHUQPHQW� VHUYLFHV� PRUH� HIIHFWLYH� DFURVV� YDULRXV� JRYHUQPHQW� GRPDLQV� DQG�WKHUHIRUH�QHHGV�WR�EH�LPSOHPHQWHG�E\�DOO�0LQLVWULHV��'HSDUWPHQWV��

7KH�*XLGLQJ�SULQFLSOHV�LQFOXGHV��L��)RUP�VLPSOLILFDWLRQ�DQG�ILHOG�UHGXFWLRQ��LL��2QOLQH�DSSOLFDWLRQV�DQG�WUDFNLQJ��LLL��2QOLQH�UHSRVLWRULHV��LY��,QWHJUDWLRQ�RI�VHUYLFHV�DQG�SODWIRUPV�

�� H�.UDQWL� � (OHFWURQLF� 'HOLYHU\� RI� 6HUYLFHV�� 7R� 7UDQVIRUP� H�*RYHUQDQFH� DQG� SURPRWH� PRELOH�*RYHUQDQFH�DQG�*RRG�*RYHUQDQFH��7KH�.H\�3ULQFLSOH�LQFOXGHV�D� 7UDQVIRUPDWLRQ�DQG�QRW�7UDQVODWLRQ

E� ,QWHJUDWHG�6HUYLFHV�DQG�QRW�,QGLYLGXDO�6HUYLFHV

F� *RYHUQPHQW�3URFHVV�5HHQJLQHHULQJ�WR�EH�PDQGDWRU\�LQ�HYHU\�003��0LVVLRQ�0RGH�SURMHFWV�

G� ,&7�LQIUDVWUXFWXUH�RQ�'HPDQG

H� &ORXG�E\�'HIDXOW

I� 0RELOH�)LUVW

J� )DVW�7UDFNLQJ�$SSURYDOV

K� 0DQGDWLQJ�6WDQGDUGV�DQG�3URWRFROV

L� /DQJXDJH�/RFDOL]DWLRQ

M� 1DWLRQDO�*,6��*HR�6SDWLDO�,QIRUPDWLRQ�6\VWHP�

N� 6HFXULW\�DQG�(OHFWURQLF�'DWD�3UHVHUYDWLRQ�

�� ,QIRUPDWLRQ�IRU�$OO��2QOLQH�+RVWLQJ�RI�,QIRUPDWLRQ�DQG�GRFXPHQWV�WR�IDFLOLWDWH�RSHQ�DQG�HDV\�DFFHVV�WR�LQIRUPDWLRQ�IRU�FLWL]HQV�

�� (OHFWURQLFV�0DQXIDFWXULQJ��7R� SURPRWH� HOHFWURQLFV� PDQXIDFWXULQJ� LQ� WKH� FRXQWU\� ZLWK� WKH� WDUJHW� RI�1(7� =(52� LPSRUWV� E\� ��,QRUGHU� WR� DWWDLQ� 1(7� =HUR� LPSRUWV�� WKH� FRRUGLQDWLRQ� LV� UHTXLUHG� DW�GLIIHUHQW�OHYHOV��WKDW�LQFOXGHV�


�

x 7D[DWLRQ��LQFHQWLYHV

x (FRQRPLHV�RI�VFDOH��HOLPLQDWLQJ�FRVW�GLVDGYDQWDJHV�

x )RFXV� RQ�0RELOHV�� 6HW� WRS� ER[HV�� &RQVXPHU� �0HGLFDO� (OHFWURQLFV�� 6PDUW� (QHUJ\� PHWHUV�� 6PDUW�&DUGV��0LFUR�$70V

x ,QFXEDWRUV��&OXVWHUV

x 6NLOO�'HYHORSPHQW��(QKDQFLQJ�3K�'�

x *RYHUQPHQW�3URFXUHPHQW

x 6DIHW\�6WDQGDUGV�� &RPSXOVRU\�5HJLVWUDWLRQ��6XSSRUW�IRU�/DEV�DQG�060(V�

x 1DWLRQDO�$ZDUG��0DUNHWLQJ��%UDQG�%XLOGLQJ�

x 1DWLRQDO�&HQWHUV�� )OH[LEOH�(OHFWURQLFV��6HFXULW\�)RUFHV

x 5��'�LQ�(OHFWURQLFV�

�� ,7� IRU� -REV�� ,W� IRFXVHV� RQ� SURYLGLQJ� WUDLQLQJ� WR� WKH� \RXWK� LQ� VNLOOV� UHTXLUHG� IRU� DYDLOLQJ� HPSOR\PHQW�RSSRUWXQLWLHV�LQ�WKH�,7�,7(6�VHFWRU�

��(DUO\�+DUYHVW�3URJUDPPHV��

7KH�(DUO\�+DUYHVW�3URJUDPPHV�LQFOXGHV��D� ,7�3ODWIRUP�IRU�0HVVDJHV

E� *RYHUQPHQW�*UHHWLQJV�WR�EH�H�*UHHWLQJV

F� %LRPHWULF�DWWHQGDQFH�

G� :L�)L�LQ�$OO�8QLYHUVLWLHV

H� 6HFXUH�(PDLO�ZLWKLQ�*RYHUQPHQW

I� 6WDQGDUGL]H�*RYHUQPHQW�(PDLO�'HVLJQ

J� 3XEOLF�:L�)L�KRWVSRWV

K� 6FKRRO�%RRNV�WR�EH�H%RRNV

L� 606�EDVHG�ZHDWKHU�LQIRUPDWLRQ��GLVDVWHU�DOHUWV

M� 1DWLRQDO�3RUWDO�IRU�/RVW��)RXQG�&KLOGUHQ

',6&866,21�$1'�$1$/<6,6,QGLDQ� WHOHFRP� QHWZRUN� LV� WKH� VHFRQG� ODUJHVW� LQ� WKH� ZRUOG� DIWHU� &KLQD��7KH� FRXQWU\� KDV� �� PLOOLRQ�WHOHSKRQH� FRQQHFWLRQV�� LQFOXGLQJ� ��PLOOLRQ� ZLUHOHVVWHOHSKRQH� FRQQHFWLRQV�2YHUDOO� WHOH�GHQVLW\� LQ� WKH�FRXQWU\�LV��8UEDQ�WHOH�GHQVLW\�LV��ZKHUHDV�UXUDO�WHOH�GHQVLW\�LV��7KH�VKDUH�RI�ZLUHOHVV�WHOHSKRQHV�LQ�WRWDO�WHOHSKRQHV�LV��7KH�VKDUH�RI�SULYDWH�VHFWRU�LQ�WRWDO�WHOHSKRQHV�LV��1XPEHU�RI�%URDGEDQG�FRQQHFWLRQV�LV��PLOOLRQ�

7KH� FRXQWU\� KDV� LQFUHDVHG� WHOHSKRQH� FRQQHFWLRQV��WR� �� PLOOLRQ� IURP� �� PLOOLRQ�� ZLUHOHVV�WHOHSKRQH� FRQQHFWLRQV� LQFUHDVHG� WR� �� PLOOLRQ� IURP� �� PLOOLRQ�� 7HOH�GHQVLW\� LQ� WKH� FRXQWU\�LQFUHDVHG�WR��IURP��7KH�UXUDO�WHOH�GHQVLW\�LQFUHDVHG�WR��IURP��7KH�QXPEHU�RI�%URDGEDQG�FRQQHFWLRQV�LQFUHDVHG�WR��PLOOLRQ�IURP��PLOOLRQ�DW�WKH�HQG�RI�1RYHPEHU��

7KH� FRXQWU\� KDV� LQFUHDVHG� WHOHSKRQH� FRQQHFWLRQV�� WR� �� PLOOLRQ� IURP� �� PLOOLRQ��:LUHOHVVWHOHSKRQH� FRQQHFWLRQV� LQFUHDVHG� WR� �� PLOOLRQ� IURP� �� PLOOLRQ�� 7HOH�GHQVLW\� LQ� WKH�FRXQWU\� LQFUHDVHG�WR��IURP��7KH�UXUDO�WHOH�GHQVLW\� LQFUHDVHG�WR��IURP��7KH�QXPEHU� RI�%URDGEDQG�FRQQHFWLRQV� LQFUHDVHG� WR��PLOOLRQ� IURP��PLOOLRQ� DW� WKH� HQG�RI�2FWREHU��

7KH�FKDQJH�LQ�WHOHSKRQH�FRQQHFWLRQV�LV��:LUHOHVV�WHOHSKRQH�FRQQHFWLRQ�LV��DQG�EURDGEDQG�FRQQHFWLRQV�LV��GXULQJ��WR��7KLV�SHUFHQWDJH�FKDQJH� LQ�WHOHFRP�LQGLFDWRUV�LQGLFDWH�WKDW�SHRSOH�DUH�JRLQJ�IRUZDUG�WR�'LJLWDO�,QGLD�LQLWLDWLYHV�RI�*RYHUQPHQW�RI�,QGLD�


�

7KH�7DEOH�VKRZV�WKDW�SHUFHQWDJH�JURZWK�RI�WRWDO�WHOHSKRQHV�RYHU�WKH�\HDUV�WR��IURP��GXULQJ�0DUFK��WR�1RYHPEHU��

³(51(7�,QGLD�KDV�EHHQ�IRFXVLQJ�RQ�DGGUHVVLQJ�WKH�,&7�UHTXLUHPHQWV�RI�WKH�KLJKO\�GHSULYHG�VHFWLRQV�RI�WKH�VRFLHW\� OLNH� WKH� UXUDO� DQG� UHPRWH� VFKRRO� FKLOGUHQ�� IDUPHUV� DQG� WKH� GLVDEOHG��´�� 7KH� VWDWH�RI�WKH� DUW�WHFKQRORJLHV�SURPRWHV�WKH�'LJLWDO�,QGLD�VXFFHVV�

³$V� FRQVXPHUV� HYROYH� LQ� SDUDOOHO� DQG� GHPDQG�ZLGH�VSUHDG� VHDPOHVV� FRQQHFWLYLW\�� LW� LV� LQHYLWDEOH� WKDW� WKH�KRPH�ZLOO�HYHQWXDOO\�EHFRPH�WKHLU�PDMRU�KXEV�RI�FRKHVLRQ´��2QH�WKLUG�RI�DOO� ,QGLDQ�UHVSRQGHQWV�DUH�HDUO\�DGRSWHUV�RI�WHFKQRORJ\��SRWHQWLDO�IRU�VPDUW�GHYLFHV�DQG�VHUYLFHV�WKDQ�DQ\�RWKHU�FRXQWU\�DFURVV�$VLD�SDFLILF�WKDW�EHJLQV�GLJLWDO�WUDQVIRUPDWLRQ�DW�KRPH��%XVLQHVV�LQ�,QGLD�DUH�RSWLPLVWLF�ZLWK��UHDG\�WR�HPEUDFH�WKH�LQWHURSHUDELOLW\�RI�VHUYLFHV�DQG�DSSOLFDWLRQV��7KHUH�LV�DQ�RSSRUWXQLWLHV�IRU�WKH�EXVLQHVV�WR�IRUPXODWH�XQLTXH�VWUDWHJLHV�WR�LPSURYH�VHUYLFHV��EUDQG�YDOXH�ZLWK�DIIRUGDEOH�SULFLQJ�FRPSHWLWLRQ�

³,Q� D� VKRUW� VSDQ��'LJLWDO ,QGLD� KDV� HQDEOHG� WKH� UROO�RXW� RI� PDQ\� QHZ� SURMHFWV� DQG� SURGXFWV�� FRYHULQJ� WKH�HQWLUH�VSHFWUXP�RI�H�JRYHUQDQFH�LQ�WKH�FRXQWU\��´�

23325781,7,(6�2)�',*,7$/,=$7,215DVKWUL\D� 8FFKDWDW� 6KLNVKD� $EL\DQ� �586$�� D� XQLTXH� DQG� PRELOH� DSS� KDV� ODXQFKHG� 3UDNDVK� -DYDGHNDU��8QLRQ�+5'�0LQLVWHU�LQ�1HZ�'HOKL�WKDW�FUHDWHG��IDFLOLWLHV�LQ�RQH�JR�LQ��VWDWHV�WR�LPSURYH�WKH�TXDOLW\�RI�HGXFDWLRQ� WR� HQDEOH� WKHP� FUHDWH� FDSDEOH� SHRSOH� DQG� JRRG� FLWL]HQV�� ,W� HQKDQFHV� TXDOLW\� RI� HGXFDWLRQ� E\�LPSURYLQJ� VPDUW� FODVVURRPV�� UHVHDUFK� ODE� LQIUDVWUXFWXUH� DQG�RWKHU�SURJUDPPHV� WR� DGG� YDOXH� WR� WKH� TXDOLW\�HQKDQFHPHQW�WR�VWXGHQWV��7KH�0LQLVWU\�KDV�LQFUHDVHG�WKH�H[SHQGLWXUH�WR�WKH�WXQH�RI�5V��FU�DQG�SURYLGHG�5V��LQ��EXGJHW�WR�FUHDWH�LQIUDVWUXFWXUH�LQ�PDQ\�XQLYHUVLWLHV��FROOHJHV�DQG�PRGHO�FROOHJHV�

³7KHUH� LV�D�QHHG�IRU�HVWDEOLVKLQJ�326�,QIUDVWUXFWXUH�DQG�FRQYHUWLQJ� WKDW� LQWR�D�SURILWDEOH�EXVLQHVV� FDVH�IRU�PHUFKDQWV´�� 'LJLWDOL]DWLRQ� KHOSV� PHUFKDQW�OHVV� DQG� D� SUHVHQFH�OHVV� EDQNLQJ�� H0XGKUD� KDV� EHHQ�LQVWUXPHQWDO�LQ�VHWWLQJ�XS�WKH�H�VLJQ�WHFKQRORJ\�DV�SDUW�RI�WKH�'LJLWDO�,QGLD�SURJUDPPH��,W�KDV�PRUH�WKDQ��ODUJH�FXVWRPHUV�LQFOXGLQJ�EDQNV�DQG�JRYHUQPHQWV��

6HQVRUV��PRELOH�DSS��FORXG�VHUYLFH�DQG�LQWHUYHQWLRQ�DUH�WKH�PDMRU�FRPSRQHQWV�RI�D�WHOHPHGLFLQH�VROXWLRQ�LQ�UXUDO�DQG�VHPL�XUEDQ�,QGLD�WR�UHGXFH�WKH�GLDJQRVWLF�FRVWV��LQQRYDWLYH�GHYLFH�IRU�3ULPDU\�+HDOWK�&HQWHUV��

0RELOH� WHFKQRORJ\�ZLOO� SOD\� D� VLJQLILFDQW� UROH� LQ� SURYLGLQJ� KHDOWKFDUH� VHUYLFHV�� DV� SHU� WKH� UHSRUW� RI� 3Z&�,QGLDQ�JURZWK�LQ�P+HDOWK�PDUNHW�ZLOO�KDYH�UHYHQXH�RSSRUWXQLW\�ZRUWK�5V��FU��DQG��EQ��IRU�WKH�ZRUOG�E\� �� 3Z&� LGHQWLILHV� IDFWRUV� IRU� WKDW� OHDG� WR� WKH� JURZWK� RI� P+HDOWK� LQFOXGHV�� *RYHUQPHQW� VKRXOG�HQFRXUDJH� WKH�P+HDOWK� WR� LPSURYH� DFFHVV�� DIIRUGDELOLW\� RI� KHDOWKFDUH� DQG� SURYLGLQJ� LQFHQWLYHV� WR� SULYDWH�VHUYLFH�SURYLGHUV�RIIHULQJ�P+HDOWK�VHUYLFHV��5HJXODWRUV�KDV�WR�DGGUHVV�WKH� OLPLWDWLRQ�DQG�VWDQGDUGL]DWLRQ�LQ�SURYLGLQJ� WKH� PKHDOWK� VHUYLFHV�� +HDOWKFDUH� ,QGXVWU\� DORQJ� ZLWK� *RYHUQPHQW� VXSSRUW� KDV� WR� DFFHSW� WKLV�


�

VHUYLFH�LQ�WKH�PHGLFDO�SURIHVVLRQ��)LQDOO\��XVHU DGRSWLRQ�ZLOO�GULYH�WKH�H[SRQHQWLDO�JURZWK�DQG�RSSRUWXQLW\�LQ� WKH�P+HDOWK�PDUNHW� WKDW� FDQ� KDSSHQ� EDFNHG� E\�PHGLFDO� SURIHVVLRQDOV�� DIIRUGDELOLW\� DQG� DYDLODELOLW\� RI�FRQWHQW�DQG�GHYLFHV�

$FFRUGLQJ� WR�*DUWQHU��7KH� ,7� VSHQGLQJ� RQ� WKH� ,QGLDQ�SXEOLF� VHFWRU�� L�H�� WKH� FHQWUDO�JRYHUQPHQW�� WKH� VWDWH�JRYHUQPHQWV� DQG� ORFDO� JRYHUQPHQWV� H[SHFWHG� WR� UHDFK� �� ELOOLRQ� LQ� �� 7KH� (53�� 6XSSO\� FKDLQ�PDQDJHPHQW��&50��&XVWRPHU�UHODWLRQVKLS�PDQDJHPHQW��DQG�RWKHU�DSSOLFDWLRQV� WRROV� H[SHFWHG� WR�UHDFK��ELOOLRQ� LQ� �� ZLWK� D� JURZWK� RI� ��SHU� FHQW�� ,7� VHUYLFHV� LQFOXGHV� EXVLQHVV� SURFHVV� RXWVRXUFLQJ��FRQVXOWLQJ��KDUGZDUH�VXSSRUW��LPSOHPHQWDWLRQ�DQG�VRIWZDUH�VXSSRUW�H[SHFWHG�WR�UHDFK��ELOOLRQ�LQ�� ZLWK�D�JURZWK�RI��SHUFHQW�

,QWHUQHW�SHQHWUDWLRQ�LQ�UXUDO�DUHDV�VWRRG�DW��SHU�FHQW�DW�WKH�HQG�RI�'HFHPEHU��7KHUH�DUH��YLOODJHV�XQWDSSHG�E\�WHOHFRP�LQGXVWU\�'LJLWDO�,QGLD�DLPV�WR�SURPRWH�GLJLWDO�OLWHUDF\��HQKDQFLQJ�LQIUDVWUXFWXUH�DQG�H�JRYHUQDQFH��,QFUHDVH� LQ�EURDGEDQG�SHQHWUDWLRQ� LQ�UXUDO�DUHDV�OHDGV�WR� LQFUHDVH LQ� LQFRPH�OHYHO��WKXV�GULYH�WKH�*'3�JURZWK�RI�,QGLD��7KH�7HOHFRP�RSHUDWRUV�KDV�WR�H[SORUH�QHZ�EXVLQHVV�DQG�VHUYLFH�PRGHO�WR�WDS�WKH�XQWDSSHG� RSSRUWXQLWLHV� LQ� WKH� UXUDO� ,QGLD� WR�SURYLGH� GDWD� DFFHVV� DW� ORZHU�SULFH�� GHYLFH�PDQXIDFWXUH� KDV� WR�HQVXUH�WKDW�VXSSO\�RI�KDQGVHW�DW�FKHDSHU�SULFH�

7KHUH� LV� D� JUHDW� LPSHWXV� WR� WKH� WHOHFRP� RSHUDWRUV� GXH� WR� JURZLQJ� QHHG� RI� YRLFH� WR� GDWD�� $Q� ,Q�EXLOGLQJ�VROXWLRQ�LI�RIIHUHG�FDQ�DYRLG�ORVV�RI�VLJQDO��SRZHU�UDGLDWLRQ�VKRXOG�EH�KLJK�WR�PDFUR�VLWHV�WR�SURYLGH�HIILFLHQW�VHUYLFHV�LQVLGH�EXLOGLQJV�DV�LW�DFFRXQWV�IRU��SHU�FHQW�RI�PRELOH�XVDJH��7KH�7HOHFRP�2SHUDWRUV�KDV�DQ�LQYHVWPHQW�RSSRUWXQLW\�RI��WULOOLRQ�LQ�WKH�QH[W��\HDUV�WRZDUGV�WKH�'LJLWDO�,QGLD�DQG�6PDUW�&LWLHV��

7HOHFRP�FRQQHFWLYLW\� LQ�UXUDO�DUHDV�HPSRZHU�QHDUO\�WZR�WKLUGV�RI�WKH�SRSXODWLRQ�WKURXJK�'LJLWDO�,QGLD�DQG�%KDUDW1HW�WKDW�HQKDQFH�UXUDO�VHUYLFH�VXFK�DV�DJULFXOWXUDO��HGXFDWLRQ�DQG�KHDOWKFDUH�VHFWRUV��'LJLWDOL]DWLRQ�HPSRZHUV�UXUDO�SRSXODWLRQ�LQ�JRYHUQDQFH� LQLWLDWLYHV��JHQHUDWH�QHZ�HPSOR\PHQW�RSSRUWXQLWLHV��H�EDQNLQJ��H�OHDUQLQJ��

7KH� *RYHUQPHQW� RI� ,QGLD� DQQRXQFHG� 'LJL*DRQ� LQLWLDWLYHV� LQ� WKH� 8QLRQ� %XGJHW� �� DLPV� WR� SURYLGH�VHUYLFHV� XVLQJ� ,&7� DSSOLFDWLRQV� LQ� WKH� ILHOGV� RI� DJULFXOWXUH�� GLJLWDO� SD\PHQWV�� HGXFDWLRQ�� H�JRYHUQDQFH��+HDOWKFDUH�� 7KH� RSSRUWXQLWLHV� LQ� WKH� DJULFXOWXUH� WKURXJK� H�DJULFXOWXUH� ZLWK� ,&7� LQWHUYHQWLRQ� JRYHUQPHQW�LQWURGXFHG�1DWLRQDO�H�*RYHUQDQFH�3ODQ��1H*3��WR�SURYLGH�LQIRUPDWLRQ�RQ�FURSV��IDUP�PDFKLQHU\��QXWULHQWV��SHVWV�� VHHGV�� VRLO� KHDOWK� DQG�ZHDWKHU� WR� WKH� IDUPHUV� WKURXJK�&6&V�� LQWHUQHW�.LRVNV� DQG�606V�� HOHFWURQLF�1DWLRQDO�$JULFXOWXUH�0DUNHW��H�1$0��KDV�ODXQFKHG�WR�UHPRYH�LQIRUPDWLRQ�DV\PPHWU\�EHWZHHQ�EX\HUV�DQG�VHOOHUV�� 6R� IDU�� 6WDWHV� KDYH� MRLQHG� H�1$0� SODWIRUP� WKDW� SURYLGHV� LQIRUPDWLRQ� DQG� VHUYLFHV� RQ�FRPPRGLW\�DUULYDOV�DQG�SULFHV��WUDGH�RIIHUV��PDWHULDO�IORZV�DQG�EULQJV�WUDQVSDUHQF\�LQ�DXFWLRQ�SURFHVV��7KLV�KHOSV�LQ�WUDFNLQJ�RI�DFWXDO�GHPDQG�DQG�VXSSO\��UHGXFHV�WKH�WUDQVDFWLRQ�FRVWV��

,Q��D�VWXG\�FRQGXFWHG�E\�*RYHUQPHQW�UHYHDOHG� WKDW�QHDUO\��SHUFHQW�RI�VWXGHQWV� LQ�UXUDO�DUHDV� ODFNV�UHDGLQJ� VNLOOV� DQG� DELOLW\� WR� VROYH� VLPSOH�PDWKHPDWLFDO� SUREOHPV� DW� WKH� DJH� RI� �� 1HDUO\� �� SHUFHQW� RI�GURSRXWV�DW�WKH�DJH�RI��WR�WKH�H[LVWLQJ�DERYH�SUREOHPV��8VH�RI�,&7�VROXWLRQV�WR�SURYLGH�YLUWXDO�FODVVURRP�LQ�UXUDO�DUHDV�RQ�VRIW�VNLOO�FRXUVHV�RQ�FRPSXWHU�OLWHUDF\�DQG�KDUGZDUH�VRIWZDUH�VROXWLRQV��$�0DVVLYH�2SHQ�2QOLQH�&RXUVHV�KDV�SODQQHG�WR�WKH�VWXGHQWV�WR�SXUVXH�FRXUVHV�RI�WKHLU�FKRLFH�IURP�DQ\�LQVWLWXWLRQ�DFURVV�WKH�FRXQWU\�

&+$//(1*(6�72�',*,7$/�,1',$7KH� FKDOOHQJHV� WR� WKH� *RYHUQPHQW� HQWHUSULVHV� LQ� PDQDJLQJ� ,&7� LQFOXGHV� QHWZRUN� GRZQWLPH�� ODFN� RI�TXDOLILHG�,7�VWDII�WR�RYHUVHH�GD\�WR�GD\�,7�RSHUDWLRQV��LQWHJUDWLRQ�RI�PXOWLSOH�WHFKQRORJLHV��QHHG�IRU�WLPHO\�XSJUDGDWLRQ�RI�V\VWHPV�DQG� LQFUHDVLQJ�FRVW�RI� WHFKQRORJLHV�� 2QH�RI� WKH�PDMRU�FKDOOHQJH� WKH�JRYHUQPHQW�HQWHUSULVHV�IDFH�LV�WKUHDW�RI�LQIRUPDWLRQ�VHFXULW\�

'XH� WR� JURZWK� IURP� YRLFH� WR� GDWD�� WKH� WHOHFRP� RSHUDWRUV� QHHG� WR� LQYHVW� LQ� DQ� HIILFLHQW� PRELOH� EDFNKDXO�QHWZRUNV� WR� HQVXUH� YRLFH� DQG� GDWD� FRQQHFWLYLW\�� )LEHU� LQIUDVWUXFWXUH� LQ� ,QGLD� LV� DERXW� �� SHU� FHQW� VLWHV�FRPSDUHG�WR�GHYHORSHG�FRXQWULHV�LV�D�ERWWOHQHFN�LQ�UHQGHULQJ�TXDOLW\�GDWD�VHUYLFHV�

6RPH�RI�WKH�&RXQWULHV�VXFK�DV�0DOD\VLD��86��&KLQD�DQG�8.�KDV�FRQVLGHUHG�VLJQLILFDQFH�RI�WHOHFRP�VHUYLFHV�DV� D� WRRO� IRU� GULYLQJ� VRFLR�HFRQRPLF�GHYHORSPHQW�� ,Q� WKH� VLPLODU� OLQHV�� WKH�*RYHUQPHQW� RI� ,QGLD� KDV� WR�


�

VXSSRUW�WKH�7HOHFRP�,QIUDVWUXFWXUH�LQ�UXUDO�DUHDV�WKURXJK�VRPH�LQFHQWLYHV��UHJXODWRU\�SROLFLHV�DQG�HIIHFWLYH�PHDVXUHV�WR�EULGJH�WKH�GLJLWDO�GLYLGH�EHWZHHQ�UXUDO�DQG�XUEDQ�DUHDV��

P�.LVDQ�SRUWDO�SURYLGHV�LQIRUPDWLRQ�DQG�DGYLVRULHV�VHUYLFHV�RQ�DJULFXOWXUDO�DQG�DOOLHG�VHFWRUV�E\�FHQWUDO�DQG�VWDWH� JRYHUQPHQW� RUJDQL]DWLRQ� WR� IDUPHUV� WKURXJK� 606V� LQ� SUHIHUUHG� ODQJXDJH�� ,Q� RUGHU� WR� UHDFK� WR� DOO�VHFWLRQV�RI�IDUPHUV�WKH�QHHG�RI�WKH�KRXU�LV�WR�FUHDWH�DZDUHQHVV�WKURXJK�ORFDO ERGLHV�WR�XQHGXFDWHG�IDUPHUV��

'LJLWDO�SD\PHQW�KDV�LQFUHDVHG�DIWHU�GHPRQHWL]DWLRQ�RI�KLJK�FXUUHQF\�DQG�PHDVXUH�WDNHQ�E\�*RYHUQPHQW�RI�,QGLD�WRZDUGV�³OHVV��FDVK´�VRFLHW\��(IIRUWV�RI�*RYHUQPHQW�RI�,QGLD�RQ�%+,0��%KDUDW�,QWHUIDFH�IRU�0RQH\��DSS� FUHDWHG� PXFK� DZDUHQHVV� RQ� XUEDQ� DUHDV� EXW� D� FKDOOHQJH� LV� RQ� ORZ� VPDUWSKRQH� SHQHWUDWLRQ�� EDQNLQJ�LQIUDVWUXFWXUH�DQG�LQWHUQHW�FRQQHFWLYLW\�LQ�UXUDO�DUHDV�

7KH�%DQNLQJ��)LQDQFLDO�6HUYLFHV� DQG� ,QVXUDQFH� HQWHUSULVHV� KDYH�PDMRU� ULVN� IURP� F\EHUDWWDFN�� 6HFXULW\� LV�FRQFHUQ�LQ�D�WHFKQRORJ\�EDVHG�QHWZRUN�RI�ILQDQFLDO�HQYLURQPHQW�DV�LW�FRQWDLQV�LQIRUPDWLRQ�DERXW�EXVLQHVVHV�DQG�FXVWRPHU��:LWK�WKH�LQFUHDVH�LQ�RQOLQH�WUDQVDFWLRQ��WKHUH�LV�D�WKUHDW�WR�WKHIW�RI�FRQVXPHU�GDWD��,QFUHDVH�LQ�FRQVXPHU�H[SHFWDWLRQV�SRVHV�DQRWKHU�FKDOOHQJH�IRU�HIIHFWLYH�LPSOHPHQWDWLRQ�RI�FRUH�EDQNLQJ�VROXWLRQV�LQ�D�WUDQVSDUHQF\�DQG�UHVSRQVLYH�PDQQHU��&KDQJH�LQ�WKH�FXVWRPHU�UHTXLUHPHQWV�DQG�WHFKQRORJLFDO�DGYDQFHPHQW�KDV�OHG�WKH�EDQNV�WR�LQWHJUDWH�WHFKQRORJ\�DW�WKH�HQWHUSULVH�OHYHO�KDV�EHFRPH�D�FKDOOHQJH�WDVN��

1DWLRQDO� &\EHU� 6HFXULW\� 3ROLF\� LQ� �� ZDV� WKH� ILUVW� EURDG� SROLF\� RQ� F\EHUVHFXULW\� KDV� GHYHORSHG� ZLWK�LQFUHDVH� LQ� LQFLGHQWV� RI� F\EHUVHFXULW\� EUHDFKHV�� 6RPH� RI� WKH� ,QVWLWXWHV� KDV� FUHDWHG� DZDUHQHVV� RI�F\EHUVHFXULW\� LQIUDVWUXFWXUH�DW�WKHLU�EXVLQHVV�HQYLURQPHQW�VXFK�DV�5%,��6(%,�� ,5'$�DQG�$GKDDU�$FW��IRU�WKH�VDIHW\�DQG�VHFXULW\�RI�$DGKDDU�QXPEHUV�DQG�RWKHU�FRUH�ELRPHWULF�GHWDLOV��³(QWHUSULVHV�VKRXOG�PRYH�DZD\� IURP� D� VLPSOH� ³EX\�DQG�GHSOR\� DSSURDFK� IRU� F\EHUVHFXULW\� DQG� DGRSW� VROXWLRQV� WKDW� DGGUHVV� WKHLU�VSHFLILF�LQGXVWU\�VHFXULW\�SURILOH��EXVLQHVV�FRQWH[W��ULVN DSSHWLWH�DQG�WKUHDW�SURILOH´��

7KH�FKDOOHQJHV�IDFHG�E\�KHDOWKFDUH�SURYLGHUV�LQFOXGH�KLJK�FRVW�RI�GLDJQRVWLF�HTXLSPHQW�DQG� ODFN�RI�WUDLQHG�SURIHVVLRQDOV�WR�SURYLGH�PHGLFDO�VHUYLFHV��

&21&/86,21'LJLWDO� ,QGLD� LQLWLDWLYHV� RI� WKH� *RYHUQPHQW� RI� ,QGLD� KDV� FHUWDLQ� RSSRUWXQLWLHV� GXH� WR� GLJLWDOL]DWLRQ� RI� H�JRYHUQDQFH�VHUYLFHV� WR� WKH�FLWL]HQ�PDLQWDLQV� WUDQVSDUHQF\��SUHYHQWLRQ�RI�FRUUXSWLRQ�� UHFRUG�PDLQWHQDQFH�DW�DIIRUGDEOH� FRVW�ZLWK� HIILFLHQF\�� 7KHUH�DUH�JRRG�QXPEHU�RI�RSSRUWXQLWLHV� LQ� WHUPV�RI�DJULFXOWXUH��%DQNLQJ��)LQDQFH� ,QVXUDQFH� DQG� VHUYLFHV�� KHDOWKFDUH�� ,&7� LQWHJUDWLRQ� RI� DOO� WKHVH� VHFWRUV� ZLWK� SDUWQHU� HQVXUHV� WKH�VSHFLILF� VHFWRULDO� EHQHILWV� RI� GLJLWDOL]DWLRQ�� (PSOR\PHQW� RSSRUWXQLWLHV� WR� WKH� <RXWK� LQ� ,7� DQG� ,7(6� LQ�FXVWRPHU� UHODWLRQVKLS� PDQDJHPHQW�� SURGXFW� GHYHORSPHQW�� HQWHUSULVH� UHVRXUFH� SODQQLQJ�� FORXG� FRPSXWLQJVWRUDJH�VHUYLFHV��PRELOH�DSSOLFDWLRQ�GHYHORSPHQW��DQG�GDWD�DQDO\WLFV�HQKDQFH�WKH�LQFRPH�OHYHO�FRQWULEXWHV�WR�*'3�RI�WKH�FRXQWU\��7KHUH�DULVHV�FKDOOHQJHV�ZLWK�WKH�RSSRUWXQLWLHV�LQFOXGHV�EURDGEDQG�FRQQHFWLYLW\��GHYLFH�PDQXIDFWXULQJ�� VPDUWSKRQH� SHQHWUDWLRQ�� VDIHJXDUG� RI� DSSOLFDWLRQ� IURP� F\EHUDWWDFN� WKURXJK� D� KROLVWLF�IUDPHZRUN�RQ�F\EHUVHFXULW\�SROLF\�WR�GHDOW�ZLWK�WKHIW�RI�GDWD�RI�FRQVXPHUV��EXVLQHVV�HQWLWLHV��*RYHUQPHQW�LPSHWXV�WR�WKH�SULYDWH�SOD\HUV�LQ�WKH�ILHOG�RI�PKHDOWK��WHOH�PHGLFLQH��H�DJULFXOWXUH��LQIUDVWUXFWXUH�GHYHORSPHQW�FDQ� RYHUFRPH� WKH� FKDOOHQJHV� WR� HPSRZHU� WKH� FLWL]HQ� WR� DFTXLUH� NQRZOHGJH� HFRQRP\�DQG� HQJDJH�ZLWK� WKH�JRYHUQPHQW� IRU� HIIHFWLYH� FRQVXPHU� VHUYLFH�� 7KH� &HQWUDO� *RYHUQPHQW�� 6WDWH� *RYHUQPHQWV� DQG� /RFDO�*RYHUQPHQWDO� ERGLHV� KDV� WR� FUHDWH� DZDUHQHVV� DPRQJ� FLWL]HQV� RQ� WKH� XVH� RI� GLJLWDOL]DWLRQ� FDQ� UHVXOWV� LQ�DFKLHYLQJ� WKH� DLP� RI� WKH� 'LJLWDO� ,QGLD� L�H�� HPSRZHU� FLWL]HQ� WR� NQRZOHGJH� HFRQRP\� DQG� HQJDJH� FLWL]HQ�JRYHUQPHQW�LQ�DQ�HIILFLHQW�DQG�HIIHFWLYH�PDQQHU�ZLWK�DXWRPDWLRQ�

5()(5(1&(6�� *RYHUQPHQW�RI� ,QGLD��3UHVV�,QIRUPDWLRQ�%XUHDX��³'LJLWDO�,QGLD�± $�3URJUDPPH�WR�WUDQVIRUP�,QGLD�LQWR�

GLJLWDO�HPSRZHUHG�VRFLHW\�DQG�NQRZOHGJH�HFRQRP\´��$XJXVW��S��

�� 6HHPD� 'XD� �� ³'LJLWDO� ,QGLD�� 2SSRUWXQLWLHV� � &KDOOHQJHV´�� ,QWHUQDWLRQDO� -RXUQDO� RI� 6FLHQFH�7HFKQRORJ\�DQG�0DQDJHPHQW��9RO��,VVXH��0DUFK��S��

�� %DKMDW� (O�'DUZLFKH� HW�DO�� ³'LJLWL]DWLRQ� IRU� HFRQRPLF� JURZWK� DQG� MRE� FUHDWLRQ´�� 6WUDWHJ\��%RR]� � &RPSDQ\�� 5HWULHYHG� IURP� KWWSV��ZZZ�VWUDWHJ\DQG�SZF�FRP�PHGLD�ILOH�'LJLWL]DWLRQ�IRU�HFRQRPLF�JURZWK�DQG�MRE�FUHDWLRQ�SGI�$FFHVVHG�RQ��$XJXVW��S��


�

�� 2(&'�&RXQFLO��3XEOLF�*RYHUQDQFH�DQG�7HUULWRULDO�'HYHORSPHQW�'LUHFWRUDWH��³5HFRPPHQGDWLRQ�RI�WKH�&RXQFLO�RQ�'LJLWDO�*RYHUQPHQW�6WUDWHJLHV´��-XO\��S��

�� *RYHUQPHQW� RI� ,QGLD��0LQLVWU\� RI� (OHFWURQLFV�� ,QIRUPDWLRQ� 7HFKQRORJ\�� 'LJLWDO� ,QGLD� ± %URDGEDQG�&RQQHFWLYLW\��5HWULHYHG� IURP KWWS��ZZZ�GLJLWDOLQGLD�JRY�LQ�FRQWHQW�EURDGEDQG�KLJKZD\V��$FFHVVHG� RQ��$XJXVW��

�� *RYHUQPHQW� RI� ,QGLD�� 0LQLVWU\� RI� (OHFWURQLFV� � ,QIRUPDWLRQ� 7HFKQRORJ\�� 'LJLWDO� ,QGLD� ± 8QLYHUVDO�$FFHVV�WR�0RELOH�&RQQHFWLYLW\��5HWULHYHG�IURP�KWWS��ZZZ�GLJLWDOLQGLD�JRY�LQ�FRQWHQW�XQLYHUVDO�DFFHVV�PRELOH�FRQQHFWLYLW\��$FFHVVHG�RQ��$XJXVW��

�� *RYHUQPHQW�RI�,QGLD��0LQLVWU\�RI�(OHFWURQLFV��,QIRUPDWLRQ�7HFKQRORJ\��'LJLWDO�,QGLD�± 3XEOLF�,QWHUQHW�$FFHVV� 3URJUDPPH�� 5HWULHYHG� IURP� KWWS��ZZZ�GLJLWDOLQGLD�JRY�LQ�FRQWHQW�SXEOLF�LQWHUQHW�DFFHVV�SURJUDPPH��$FFHVVHG�RQ��$XJXVW��

�� *RYHUQPHQW�RI�,QGLD��0LQLVWU\�RI�(OHFWURQLFV��,QIRUPDWLRQ�7HFKQRORJ\��'LJLWDO�,QGLD�± (�*RYHUQDQFH�± 5HIRUPLQJ� *RYHUQPHQW� 7KURXJK� 7HFKQRORJ\�� 5HWULHYHG� IURP� KWWS��ZZZ�GLJLWDOLQGLD�JRY�LQ�FRQWHQW�H�JRYHUQDQFH��(��UHIRUPLQJ�JRYHUQPHQW�WKURXJK�WHFKQRORJ\�� $FFHVVHG� RQ� ��$XJXVW��

�� *RYHUQPHQW� RI� ,QGLD�� 0LQLVWU\� RI� (OHFWURQLFV� � ,QIRUPDWLRQ� 7HFKQRORJ\�� 'LJLWDO� ,QGLD� ± (NUDQWL�(OHFWURQLF�'HOLYHU\�RI�6HUYLFHV��5HWULHYHG�IURP�KWWS��ZZZ�GLJLWDOLQGLD�JRY�LQ�FRQWHQW�HNUDQWL��$FFHVVHG�RQ��$XJXVW��

�� *RYHUQPHQW� RI� ,QGLD��0LQLVWU\� RI� (OHFWURQLFV�� ,QIRUPDWLRQ� 7HFKQRORJ\�� 'LJLWDO� ,QGLD� ± (OHFWURQLFV�0DQXIDFWXULQJ�� 5HWULHYHG� IURP� KWWS��ZZZ�GLJLWDOLQGLD�JRY�LQ�FRQWHQW�HOHFWURQLFV�PDQXIDFWXULQJ��$FFHVVHG�RQ��$XJXVW��

�� *RYHUQPHQW�RI�,QGLD��0LQLVWU\�RI�(OHFWURQLFV��,QIRUPDWLRQ�7HFKQRORJ\��'LJLWDO�,QGLD�± (DUO\�+DUYHVW�3URJUDPPHV�� 5HWULHYHG� IURP� KWWS��ZZZ�GLJLWDOLQGLD�JRY�LQ�FRQWHQW�HDUO\�KDUYHVW�SURJUDPPHV��$FFHVVHG�RQ��$XJXVW��

�� *RYHUQPHQW RI� ,QGLD�� 0LQLVWU\� RI� &RPPXQLFDWLRQV� � ,QIRUPDWLRQ� 7HFKQRORJ\�� 'HSDUWPHQW� RI�7HOHFRPPXQLFDWLRQV��$QQXDO�5HSRUW��S��

�� *RYHUQPHQW� RI� ,QGLD�� 0LQLVWU\� RI� &RPPXQLFDWLRQV� � ,QIRUPDWLRQ� 7HFKQRORJ\�� 'HSDUWPHQW� RI�7HOHFRPPXQLFDWLRQV��$QQXDO�5HSRUW��S��

�� *RYHUQPHQW� RI� ,QGLD�� 0LQLVWU\� RI� &RPPXQLFDWLRQV� � ,QIRUPDWLRQ� 7HFKQRORJ\�� 'HSDUWPHQW� RI�7HOHFRPPXQLFDWLRQV��$QQXDO�5HSRUW��S��

�� 6�� 6DGDJRSDQ� DQG� 1�� 0RKDQUDP�� ³)RXQGDWLRQDO� ,7� SURMHFWV� IURP� \RUH� ± (51(7� SRZHULQJ� WRGD\¶V�'LJLWDO�,QGLD´��9RLFH'DWD��-XQH��S��

�� 'LQHVK�9HUPD��³,QGLD�OHDGV�LQWR�WKH�'LJLWDO�&RKHQVLRQ�HUD´��9RLFH'DWD��9RO��,VVXH��-XQH��SS��

�� 3�3��&KDXGKDU\��&RQYHUJHQFH�,QGLD��³,QGLD� LV� WDNLQJ�JDLQLQJ�VWULGHV� WR� HPHUJH�DV�D�GLJLWDO�HFRQRP\´��7HOH�QHW��9RO��,VVXH��)HEUXDU\��S��

�� ³3UDNDVK�-DYDGHNDU� ODXQFKHV�SRUWDO��PRELOH�DSS�RI�586$´��9RLFH'DWD��9RO�� ,VVXH��0D\��S��

�� ³'LJLWLVLQJ� 3D\PHQWV� (PHUJLQJ� ODQGVFDSH� IRU� FDVKOHVV� WUDQVDFWLRQV´�� WHOH�QHW�� 9RO�� ,VVXH� ��0DUFK��SS��

�� $QXVKD�$VKZLQ��³5HGHILQLQJ�WHOHPHGLFLQH�G\QDPLFV´��9RLFH'DWD��9RO��,VVXH��0D\��SS��

�� 6LGGKDUWK�9LVKZDQDWK��3ZF�,QGLD��³P+HDOWK�ZLOO�EH�D�5V��FU��RSSRUWXQLW\´��9RLFH'DWD��9RO��,VVXH��0D\��SS��


�

�� 3XQHHW� .XPDU� $URUD� �� ³*RYHUQDQFH� �� ,&7� WR� WUDQVIRUP� FLWL]HQ�JRYHUQPHQW� LQWHUDFWLRQ´��WHOH�QHW��9RO��,VVXH��0D\��SS��

�� 8QWDSSHG�2SSRUWXQLW\�6KLIW� LQ�,QGXVWU\�DWWHQWLRQ�IURP�VDWXUDWLQJ�XUEDQ�PDUNHWV�WR�UXUDO�XVHUV��WHOH�QHW��9RO��,VVXH��-XQH��SS��

�� 6XUDMLW�.KDQ��³*URZWK�,PSHWXV�± .H\�WUHQGV� LQ�WKH�WHOHFRP�LQIUDVWUXFWXUH�VSDFH´��WHOH�QHW��9RO��,VVXH��-XQH��S��

�� 7�5�'XD��³%XLOGLQJ�%ULGJHV�± 6WHSV�WR�FORVH�WKH�UXUDO�XUEDQ�GLJLWDO�GLYLGH´��WHOH�QHW��-XQH��S��

�� ³'LJLWDO�0DNHRYHU�,&7�DSSOLFDWLRQV�LQ�UXUDO�DUHDV´��WHOH�QHW��9RO��,VVXH��-XQH��SS��

�� 3XQHHW� .XPDU� $URUD� �� ³*RYHUQDQFH� �� ,&7� WR� WUDQVIRUP� FLWL]HQ�JRYHUQPHQW� LQWHUDFWLRQ´��WHOH�QHW��9RO��,VVXH��0D\��SS��

�� 6XUDMLW�.KDQ��³*URZWK�,PSHWXV�± .H\�WUHQGV� LQ�WKH�WHOHFRP�LQIUDVWUXFWXUH�VSDFH´��WHOH�QHW��9RO��,VVXH��-XQH��S��

�� 7�5�'XD� �� ³%XLOGLQJ�%ULGJHV� ± 6WHSV� WR� FORVH� WKH� UXUDO�XUEDQ� GLJLWDO� GLYLGH´�� WHOH�QHW�� 9RO�� ,VVXH��-XQH��S��

�� ³'LJLWDO�0DNHRYHU�,&7�DSSOLFDWLRQV�LQ�UXUDO�DUHDV´��WHOH�QHW��9RO��,VVXH��-XQH��SS��

�� ,ELG��

�� 3XQLW�.��³%DQNLQJ�RQ�,&7�%)6,�SOD\HUV�XSGDWH�WKHLU�WHFKQRORJLFDO�DUFKLWHFWXUH�IRU�EHWWHU�VHUYLFH�GHOLYHU\´��WHOH�QHW��9RO��,VVXH��-XQH��S��

�� *�9�$�'KDUDQDQ� �� ³&RPEDWLQJ� &\EHUFULPH� (YROYLQJ� LQIRUPDWLRQ� VHFXULW\� IUDPHZRUN� WR� FKHFN�GDWD�EUHDFKHV´��WHOH�QHW��9RO��,VVXH��-XQH��SS��

�� $QXVKD�$VKZLQ��³5HGHILQLQJ�WHOHPHGLFLQH�G\QDPLFV´��9RLFH'DWD��9RO��,VVXH��0D\��SS��

$ERXW�&RQWULEXWRUV0U��<�3UDNDVK�LV�$VVLVWDQW�3URIHVVRU��'HSDUWPHQW�RI�0%$�DW�9DUGKDPDQ�&ROOHJH�RI�(QJLQHHULQJ��$XWRQRPRXV��6KDPVKDEDG��+\GHUDEDG��7HODQJDQD�6WDWH��,QGLD��+H�KDV�FORVH� WR� �� <HDUV� RI� H[SHULHQFH� LQ� DFDGHPLFV�� +H� LV� 5HVHDUFK� 6FKRODU�� 6FKRRO� RI�0DQDJHPHQW�6WXGLHV�DW�-17�8QLYHUVLW\�.DNLQDGD��.DNLQDGD�

+H UHFHLYHG� WKH�0%$�'HJUHH� ZLWK� 6SHFLDOL]DWLRQ� LQ� +XPDQ�5HVRXUFH� DQG� )LQDQFH�IURP� 9LYHNDQDQGD� &ROOHJH� RI� &RPSXWHU� 6FLHQFHV�� 2VPDQLD� 8QLYHUVLW\�� $QGKUD�3UDGHVK��,QGLD�DQG�%��&RP��&RPSXWHUV��GHJUHHV�IURP�%DGUXND�&ROOHJH�RI�&RPPHUFH��2VPDQLD�8QLYHUVLW\��$QGKUD�3UDGHVK��,QGLD�LQ��DQG��UHVSHFWLYHO\��

+H� JRW� TXDOLILHG� IRU� /HFWXUHVKLS� ZLWK� �� LQ� 8*&�1(7� -XQH� �� LQ� /DERXU� ZHOIDUH�3HUVRQQHO�0DQDJHPHQW�,QGXVWULDO�UHODWLRQV�/DERXU�DQG�VRFLDO�ZHOIDUH��

0V��<�6DJDULND LV�$VVLVWDQW�3URIHVVRU��'HSDUWPHQW�RI�0%$�DW�6UL�,QGX�,QVWLWXWH�RI�(QJLQHHULQJ� DQG� 7HFKQRORJ\�� ,EUDKLPSDWQDP�� 7HODQJDQD� 6WDWH�� ,QGLD�� 6KH� KDV� ��<HDUV�RI�H[SHULHQFH�LQ�DFDGHPLFV�DQG��<HDUV�LQ�,QGXVWU\��

+H UHFHLYHG� WKH� 0%$� 'HJUHH� ZLWK� 6SHFLDOL]DWLRQ� LQ� +XPDQ� 5HVRXUFH� DQG�0DUNHWLQJ� IURP�9LYHNDQDQGD�&ROOHJH� RI�&RPSXWHU�6FLHQFHV��2VPDQLD�8QLYHUVLW\��$QGKUD�3UDGHVK��,QGLD�DQG�%��6F��GHJUHHV�IURP�6UL�9DQL�:RPHQV�'HJUHH�&ROOHJH��2VPDQLD�8QLYHUVLW\��$QGKUD�3UDGHVK��,QGLD�LQ��DQG��UHVSHFWLYHO\��

• t • , ...

• I •

\

\ \

I

•

'

• r ___ es resse

---· ·

., � '\\ \ \\\

oncre e rue ures

SEVENTH EDITION

P. DayaratnamFormerly Professor and head of Civil Engineering

Formerly Dean of Research and Development Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur

Formerly Vice Chancellor, J.N.T. University, Hyderabad, India

. -Dr. P. Sarah

Professor of Physics and Dean, R&D vardhaman College of Engineering

Hyderabad, India

ACC

:::_�,,. \/'ARD HAMAN COLLEG,E OF, ENGINEERING

I l G �"\

fl p 1'

CS Scanned with

,�__, CamScanner

• l • - ... ., .. -

' t .... ' ACC. 1 .•. .

... ---· .. _ ..

( .. 1 .. j• ' . . .,_ . "1 . I ... '

. 'i - .. ·-- -

....... . ..'"l'l. . ' \

.. . . ... - . .

� 61-) \ �6-S 3'.

(, J..6�1- �,01 \i �S" DI

m MEDTECH

A Division of Scientific lntematio�I Eng"fllng Scl•nt:•-0.nloplng Mind•/

Vo\

D�

•

!.

Contents

..

Preface 10 the Seventh Edilion vu

Preface to the First Edition ix

••

List of Symbols xvu

1. MATERIALS CONCRETE AND PRESTRESSED CONCRETE

1 STRUCTURES

I.I Aggregates and Sand in Concrete

1.2 Portland Cement

t.3 Principal Compounds of Portland Cement

1.4 Physical Properties of Portland Cement

1.5 Types of Portland Cements

1.6 Pozzolanas and Admixtures

1.7 Water Quality in Cemen1 Concrete Construction

1.8 Introduction to Concrete

1.9 Important Properties of Concrete

1.10 Workability of Concrete

1.11 Curing of Concrete

1.12 Shrinkage and Creep of Concrete

J .13 Strength of Concrete

1.14 Durability of Concre1e Structures

1.15 Durability Design Considerations

1.16 Fire Protection Specifications

Scanned with

CamScanner

1

6

6

7

11

15

17

18

26

26

30

33

35

43

46

51

"

'

"' • C •

• • • I

,·_;-,, • '

' • '- ' • .,"

• •

r •

• '

ayar P.

!\�<: ::i�

ivil Englneerthg , Devilopment

.•.·· .•··• y, Kanpur*. ·•6& Chancellor, J.N.J: UhNersity, , · ·

'�'' -:;:' )/t:�::--: :-:-·

, %. Dr. ..

tpfessorof ..

· .··• hamatf•o · :oneo,fljf

tfy

CONTENTS

d

ii Preface

R ts ta al tc gt �t �y e( SI

:hf

.M

Chapter 1: Materials and manufacturing of bricks

1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Types of bricks 2 1.3 Raw material S 1.4 Manufacturing of brick 8 1.5 Engineering properties of bricks 16 1.6 Test on bricks 18 1.7 I.S. classification 21 1.8 Statistical variations 21 1.9 Calcium silicate bricks (sandlime bricks) 24

Chapter 2: Statistical analysis of properties of brick, mortar and masonry

2.1 Introduction 29 2.2 Statistical analysis of bricks 29 2.3 Statistical analysis of thickness of mortar joint 49 2.4 Statistical analysis of strength of mortar 53 2.5 Statistical analysis of masonry strength 56

Chapter 3: Design of bl'ick walls

3.1 Introduction and definitions 63 3.2 Load relation with walls 66 3.3 Criterion of design 69 3.4 Effective thickness of a wall 70 3.5 Design procedure 73 3.6 Examples of walls under uniformly distributed loads 74

1

29

63

viii

3.7 Walts subjected to concentrated axial loads 81 3.8 Design of wall with openings 85 3.9 Walls subjected to eccentric loads 87 3.10. Design criteria for an eccentrically loaded wall 89 3.11 Stress distributipn under eccentric loads 90

3.12 Laterally and transversely loaded walls 105 3.13 Desiga of shear wall 112 3.14 Design of masonry retaining wall 125

Chapter 4: Design of reinforced brick masonry beams and slabs 141

4.1 Introduction 141 4.2 Limit state design of reinforced brick masonry 141 4.3 Reinforced brickwork lintels 152 4.4 Reinforced brick slabs 163 4.5 Design aid 176

Multiple Choice Questions

Index

181

188

Price: ""' 395.00

NAROSA SERIES JN POWER AND ENERGY SYSTEMS

Power Systems Planning, Operation and Control Strategies

Chief Editor

S. P. Singh

Editors

D. Singh• R. K. Mishra

R. Mahanty • Barish Balaga

N arosa Publishing House New Delhi Chennai Mumbai Kolkata

l'OWl,:it SYSTEMS: l'lmming, Opcrntiun 11ml Control Slrntcglcr1 496 pgs.

Chief Editor

S. r. Singh

Editors D. Singh

R. K. Mishra

R. Muhunty

llarish Ualag11

Department of Electrical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology (IJ.11.U.)

Varanasi

Copyright f) 2015, Narosa Publishing I louse Pvt. Ltd.

NA R O S A P U O L I S II I N G II O U S E P VT. L T D.

22 Delhi Medical Association Rom.I, Daryaganj, New Delhi 110 002 35-36 Greams Road, Thous:rnd Lights, Chcnnai <,(JIJ 006 306 Shiv Centre, Sector 17, Vashi, Navi Mumbai 400 7032F-2G Shivnm Chambers, 53 Syed Amir Ali Avenue, Kolkuta 700 0 I 'J

www.narosa.com

All rights reserved. No part ufthis publication nmy be reproduced, Mored in II retrieval sy,tcin, or trnn\lnit1cd in any form or by any me.ms, electronic, mcchuuical, photocopying, recording or othcrwi�c, without pi ior wi illcn

pcnuission of the publisher.

All export rights for this hook vest exclusively with Naroo;:1 l'uhli�hing I lou-.c f'vt. Ltd. Unauthorised export is u violation oflenns ofsnlc and is subject to lci;al act inn,

Printed frorn the camcra-rcmJy copy provided by the Editors.

ISBN 978-81-8487-4•10-2

Published by N.K. Mchrn for Nuro�a Publishing l lou�c l'vt. Lid .. 22 Delhi Medical Association Road, Daryaganj. New Delhi 110 002

Printed in India

Contents

Preface

Section I

DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS

2

Gensets for Underground Shelter

Arbind Kumar, Prasad M Naik and Kulbhushan Rai,

Application of Teaching Leaming Based Optimization for Size and Location Determination of Distributed Generation in Radial Distribution System.

Khyati Mislly and Ranjit Roy

X

1

3

6

3 Automatic Demand Response for load Scheduling and Management based on Customer 12

Participation

Abhishek Goyal and-K. S. Swarup

4 Baseline Data Establishment for AT &C loss - an interpreted approach and Analysis 18 Viji Bharathi, P. Chandhra Sekhar, C. P. Jairam, T. Raghzmatha and Mamatha G.R

5 Maximization of Distributed Generation with Voltage Step Constraint and Load Models 23

Rajendra Prasad Payasi, Asheesh K. Singh, Devender Singh

6 Maximum Penetration Ranking Based Siting and PSO Assisted Goal Programming Based Sizing of DG Units in Radial Distribution System

La/it Negi, M P. Se/van

30

7 Optimal Placement and Sizing of DER's with Load variations using Shuffled Frog Leap 35

Algorithm

8

Chandrasekhar Yammani, Sydulu Maheswarapu and Matam Sai/aja Kumari

Control Strategy of Single-Phase Voltage Controlled VSI Fed Load Connected to DC Microgrid

Mahesh Kumar, S. N Singh and S. C. Srivastava

41

.,....----··----------�---------------------

9 Optimum Location or FPI on Radial reeder UasccJ on Reliability and Cost Indices

F:. Vidya.w,gar mu/ I', V. N. l'ro.wul

10 Smurt Grid in lndinn Power System

I. S. JI/(/, }'. K. Sehgal, S11b/1· Sen, Uajcs/J Kumar

Section II

ENERGY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS

54

61

11 Price forecasting in Deregulated Electricity Markets using Dynamic Regression and 63

Artilicinl Intelligent Techniques

S. K. Agg(lrwa/ rmd l. M. Saini, 11.l·l,wo11/ K11111ar

12 Approach for Online Short-term I Iydro-Thcrmal Economic Scheduling

Ravi 8ra/1111adevl, 7itkamm Moger and D. 71111kara111,

13 Approach for Stnte Estimation of ill-conditioned systems

V. Sesluulri Srawm K11111ar, D. T/111/wram

14 A New Approach of Harmonic Load Plow for Radial Distribution Networks

Pm1•m1 Saini, Nikl,1/ G11plo, Anil Swarnkar and K. R. Niazl

69

75

81

15 Optimal Short Term Hydro Thermal Coordination for Large Scale Power System Using 86 MILP

Chandra Sheklwr, Reddy At/a, llalaraman K and Nagaraja R

Section Ill 93

POWER COMPO�ENTS AND SYSTEMS

16 Tracing of Maximum Power Density Point for Axial Flux Torus Type Machines using 95 General Purpose Sizing Equations

M. Ra111anja11cy11/11 Chowdary, G. S. Roj11 ancl V. Ramcshhab11

17 Spectral Analysis for Faults Diagnosis of Induction Machines 99 Nee/am Mehala and Nafll(t Dahiya

18 Fuzzy Logic Based Identification of Deviations in Frequency Response of Transformer 105 Windings

KC'fa11 I'. /Jadgujar anti S. V. Kufkaml

19 Improved Direct Torque Control of Induction Motor Drive under Low Speed Operation I JO

7: Vi11ay Kumar and S. Srinlva.wi Nao

viii

Section IV 117

POWER ELECTRONICS AND DRIVES

20 Power Quality Problems Study on IEEE l 4 Bus System and Their Mitigation Using I 19 UPQC with Different Control Schemes (Methodology for deciding the most sensitiveload and voltage sag mitigation)Vikas Singh a11d Nita R. Patne

21 DC Bus Capacitor Voltage Balancing Strategy in NPC Converter 125 S. P. Singh and Prof. R. K. Tripathi

22 Review on Wind Power Generation With Doubly Fed lnduction Generator 131

Mrid11I Kanti Malakar and Praveen Tripathy

23 A New Isolated Topology ofDSTATCOM with Unipolar Switching 137

Bhim Singh and Sabha Raj Al)'a

24 Mitigation of Power Quality Issues by Utilizing Shunt Hybrid Active Power Filter 144 Strategy on the Power Distribution System I

Senthilkumar.A. S. Srinivasan and P. Ajay-D-Vimal Raj

25 Simulation and Experimental Verification ofTransfonnationless Control of Series 150

Active Filter for Mitigating Load Voltage Harmonics

S. Srinath, Am, G. Kumar, M P. Se/van

26 Performance Evaluation of Artificial Neural Network based SVPWM Technique for 155

NPC Converter

S. P. Singh and R. K. Tripathi

27 Experimental Verification of Unified Power Quality Conditioner with Transfom1ation 162

Less Combined Mode Control

S. Srinath , Am, G. Kumar and M P. Se/van

Section V 169

POWER MARKETS

28 Role of FACTS Devices in Exercising Market Power under Congestion in a Deregulated 17 lElectricity Market

s. Prabhakar Karthikeyan, Raja Roopesh, Mad/111ri Bhamidipati, I. Jacob Rag/end, D.P.Kot/iari

'i 29 Genco's Profit Maximization based on Biogeography-Based Optimization 176

Prerna Jain, A,jit Aga11val, Nit in Gupta, Umesh Paliwa/, Rohit Sharma, Rohit Bhakar and S. N.

Singh

30 Design of a Phasor Data Concentrator for Wide Area Measurement System

Kedar v. Khandeparkar, Nilesh Pandit, A.M Kulkarni, V. Z. Attar and S. U. Gl111111bre

Ix

rz-----

183

31 Adaptive Particle Swarm Optimization Using Velocity f<ccdbnck for Optimal Congestion 187 Management

E. Muneender and D. M. Vinod k11111ar

32 Suppliers Bidding Strategy in Single Auction Power Pools using Varying Population 194 based Bacterial Foraging Algorithm

J Vijaya Kumar and D. M Vinod Kumar

33 Comparison of Series FACTS Controllers for Congestion Management in Pool Elcctrcity 200

market Model

Charan Sekhar and Aslnvani Kumar

34 Determination of Price of Reactive Power Services in Deregulated Electricity Market 206 Using Particle Swann Optimization

Puja S. Kate, Mrs P. R .Khatri

35 Transmission Loss Cost Allocation Using Game Theory in Multilateral Transactions of 2 l 0 Restructured Electricity Market

P. Sri Divya, M Murali, M Sailaja Kumari and M Sydu/11

36 Price-based Indirect Control of Storage Devices in a Smart Grid

. Ashish Ranjan Hota and Prabodh Bajpai

Section VI

POWER SYSTEMS ANALYSIS

216

223

37 A Systematic Approach to Testing of Process Bus Merging Unit 225 V. Shyamala, K. V.H.Rao, Ravi Kiron Reddi

38 Synchropbasor based Power System Monitoring and Control using Real Time Digital 230 Simulation Facility

Ankush Sharma, Bibhu Prasad Padhy, Ch. V. V. S. Bhaskara Reddy, S. C. Srivastava, P. Banerjee and Saikat Chakrabarti

39 Guidelines for Selection of Neutral Reactors rating for Shunt Compensated EHV 237 Transmission Lines

Veerabrahmam Bathini, Nagaraja R and K. Partliasarathy

40 Black Start Drill in Eastern Regional Power System-Case studies

P. Pentayya, U.K. Verma, Gopal Mitra, M Thakur and S. Sc,lzay

244

41 An Improved Static Voltage Stability Index using Synchrophasor Measurements for 249

Early Detection of Impending Voltage Instability

Ch. V. V. S. Bhaskara Reddy , S. C. Srivastava and Saikat Cha/,,Tabarti,

X

--------------�

42 SVC & TCSC for Minimum Operational Cost under Different Loading Condition 254

Biplab Bhattaclw,yya, S.K.Goswami and Vikas/1 Kumar Gupta

43 Synthesis of Supervisory Control of Discrete Event System for Static VAR Compensator 260

Tarun Jain and. S.K. Nagar

44 Ancillary Services in Indian Power System -A Review Paper 265

Indu Maheshwari, Leena G. and N. S. Saxena,

45 Network Partitioning of Large Power Systems Using Kernighan-Lin Algorithm 271

G. Angeline Ezhilarasi and K. S. Swarup,

46 A Perspective of Power Market Development in India-Market Design & Operation 274

P. Pentayya, P. Mukhopadhyay, G. Chah·aborty, N. Ahmad

47 Effect of Congestion in Transmission Pricing for a Pool based Power Market considering 281 Losses

M Murali, M Sailaja Kumari, and M Sydu/11,

48 Multi-Objective Reactive Power Market Clearing using HFMOEA in Day-Ahead 287 Competitive Electricity Markets

Amit Saraswat, Ashish Saini and Ajay Kumar Saxena

49 Price Based Demand Response of Aggregated Thermostatically Controlled Loads for 294 Load Frequency Control

Devika Jay and K. S. Swamp

50 Development of Power Flow Model of Hybrid Power Flow Controller

Sona! Ranjan Patel and Dheeman Chatte1jee

51 Determination of Firing Angle for Multiple SVCs to Improve Voltage Stability

Ramaprasad Panda, Prasanta Kumar and Satpathy Subroto Paul

299

304

52 Automatic Generation Control Scheme including Photo-Voltaic Generating System for 308 Interconnected Power System

Sandeep Bhongade, Barjeev Tyagi and H. 0. Gupta

53 Electric Field around HVDC Insulator String for Various Contamination Levels

Ravi Kumar and R. S. Gorayan

314

54 Finite Element Method Based Simulation of Unipolar Space Charge Limited Conduction 318 in Solid Dielectric

J. C. Pandey and Nandini Gupta

55 Adjusted load flow solution through a Mixed Complementarity Problem framework 324

Lakshmi S. and P. S. Nagendra Rao

xi

....... .._ ____. ___________ _

Section VII

POWER SYSTEM MEASUREMENTS

56 PMU Measurement based Voltage Stability Assessment Jmran Sharieff and Ranjana Sodhi

57 Harmonic Measurements and Filter design for an utility system - a case study J. Sreedevi, K. S. Meera, B. S. Manjzmath and P. Kanungao

327

329

334

58 Adaptive df/dt Relay-A case study with reference to the Indian Power System 340

P. Pentayya, U. K. Verma, P. Mukhopadhyay, Gopal Mitra, S. Banner/ee, M Thakur and S.Sahay

Section VIII 345

POWER SYSTEMS PLANNING

59 Reliability indices evaluation of a distributor with fixed repair time omission using 347 Monte Carlo simulation Aditya Tiwmy , Rajesh A,ya , S. C. Choube and L. D. Arya

60 Generation Expansion with Least Network Augmentation Surendra S. and D. Thukaram

352

61 A New Approach for Short Term Load Forecasting using Curve fitting and Regression 358 line method-A Step towards Smart Grid Amit Jai, M Babita Jain, Mano) Kumar Nigam and Prem Chand Tiwari

Section IX

POWER SYSTEMS PROTECTION

62 Investigating Performance of Symmetrical Component Distance Relay

Venkalesh C. and K. Shanti Swarup

63 New Criterion for Stator Inter Tum Fault Detection of Synchronous Generator

T. Karthik and G. S. Raju

64 Detection of High Impedance Fault

Premalata Jena and Ashok Kumar Pradhan

65 Adaptive Relaying of Radial Distribution system with Distributed Generation K. Vijetha and D. V. S. S Siva Sanna

xii

367

374

380

385

-

66 A Non-iterative Fault Locator for Multi-tenninal Transmission Lines usingUnsynchronized Phasors B. R. K. Varma, Karri Nagaraju, D. V. S.S. Siva Sanna and P. V. Ramana Rao

391

67 Advanced CT Supervision Method for Transfonner Differential Protection System 395 Naya11 Shah, Murali Ka11dakatla a11d Juha Ylinen

68 Behaviour of Photovoltaic System during Grid Disturbances 399

S. Vijayal..?mwr and Dr. U.J. Shenoy

69 Ferroresonance simulation studies using EMTP 406 Jaya Bharati and R. S. Gorayan

70 Discrete Wavelet Transform Based Numerical Protection of Transmission Line 411

Shailendra Kumar Saro}, Harish Balaga and D. N. Vishwakarma

Section X

RENEW ABLE ENERGY

71 Optimal sizing of PV-FC-Battery hybrid system with Energy Based Approach and PSO 419

Jshita Biswas, Prabodh Bajpai

72 Co-ordination of grid and wind farms reactive power controllers for desired voltage 425 profile D. Thukaram, Kommi Krishna Reddy and Pooja Sharma

73 Modeling and Simulation of Photovoltaic Arrays

Snehamoy Dhar, R. Sridhar and Vanm Avasthy

7 4 A Model of PV Generation Suitable For Stability Analysis

Sri Venkatesh Posa/a and T. R. Jyothsna

75 Stand-Alone Wind Energy Conversion Systems Feeding Single-Phase Loads

Bhim Singh and Shailendra Sharma

Section XI

MISCELLANEOUS

76 Structural Analysis and Design of STATCOM's Integrator Anti Windup Based Synchronous PI Controller

Aman Ganesh, Ratna Dahiya and G.K. Singh

xiii

432

437

442

449

451

�-------------

77 Stable Reduction Methods of Linear Dynnmic Systems in Frequency Domain D. K. Sambariya and Raje11clra Prasad

457

78 Synchronous Detection Method Based Decoupled Voltage and Frequency Controller for 468

Isolated Asynchronous Generator Bhim Singh and V Rajagopa/

79 PMDC Motor Control Using PWM Techniques 474

Dipti K. Shah, B. T. Deshmukh

80 Comparison of Stresses on the Inter-Disk Insulation of the Transformer under Different 477 Excitation Voltages Pou'.omi Mitra, Arnab Ghosh, Ar11111oy Halder, Chayan Kumar Bosak, Sreejeet Ghosh, Abhma11da11 De a11d Abhijit Cha�Tabarti

xiv

':I

ProcediaMaterials Science

ISSN 2211-8128Volume 10 • 2015

2nd International Conference on Nanomaterials and Technologies (CNT 2014)

Editors:P. Sarah and K. Venkateswarlu

10

Pro

cedia

Mate

rials

Vol. 1

0 (2

015) 1

–792

EL

SE

VIE

R

Available online at www.sciencedirect.com

ScienceDirect

ScienceDirectAvailable online at www.sciencedirect.com

Procedia Materials Science 10 (2015) i

2nd International Conference on Nanomaterials and Technologies (CNT 2014)

Editors:

P. Sarah and K. Venkateswarlu

Amsterdam - Boston - London - New York - Oxford - Paris - Philadelphia - San Diego - St Louis

© 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

This journal and the individual contributions contained in it are protected under copyright by Elsevier Ltd. and the

following terms and conditions apply to their use:

PhotocopyingSingle photocopies of single articles may be made for personal use as allowed by national copyright laws. Permission

of the Publisher and payment of a fee is required for all other photocopying, including multiple or systematic copying,

copying for advertising or promotional purposes, resale, and all forms of document delivery. Special rates are available

for educational institutions that wish to make photocopies for non-profi t educational classroom use.

For information on how to seek permission visit www.elsevier.com/permissions or call: (+44) 1865 843830

(UK) / (+1) 215 239 3804 (USA).

Derivative WorksSubscribers may reproduce tables of contents or prepare lists of articles including abstracts for internal circulation

within their institutions. Permission of the Publisher is required for resale or distribution outside the institution.

Permission of the Publisher is required for all other derivative works, including compilations and translations (please

consult www.elsevier.com/permissions).

Electronic Storage or UsagePermission of the Publisher is required to store or use electronically any material contained in this journal, including

any article or part of an article (please consult www.elsevier.com/permissions).

Except as outlined above, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted

in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written

permission of the Publisher.

NoticeNo responsibility is assumed by the Publisher for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of

products liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any use or operation of any methods, products, instructions or

ideas contained in the material herein. Because of rapid advances in the medical sciences, in particular, independent

verifi cation of diagnoses and drug dosages should be made.

Although all advertising material is expected to conform to ethical (medical) standards, inclusion in this publication

does not constitute a guarantee or endorsement of the quality or value of such product or of the claims made of it by

its manufacturer.

Contents

ScienceDirectAvailable online at www.sciencedirect.com

Procedia Materials Science 10 (2015) iii-vi

Preface to CNT 2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Synthesis and Characterization of Pullulan Acetate Coated Magnetic Nanoparticle for Hyperthermic Therapy

D. Saranya, R. Rajan, V. Suganthan, A. Murugeswari, N. Arunai Nambi Raj . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Characterization of Chemical Reaction on Heat Transfer through the Nano Fluid

G.V.P.N. Srikanth, G. Srinivas, B.S. Babu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Structural and Magnetic Properties of Ultrafi ne CoFe2O

4 Nanoparticles

K.S. Rao, G.S.V.R.K. Choudary, K.H. Rao, Ch. Sujatha . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Structure and Properties of Sol Gel Fabricated Na0.5

Nd0.5

Bi4Ti

4O

15 Ceramics

Rizwana, P. Sarah . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

Synthesis and Characterization of a New Cadmium Complex, Cadmium [(1,10-Phenanthroline)(8-Hydroxyquinoline)]Cd(Phen)q

R. Kumar, P. Bhargava, A. Dvivedi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

A Model for Magnetic Nanoparticles Transport in a Channel for Targeted Drug Delivery

S. Sharma, R. Kumar, A. Gaur . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

Investigation of Trapezoidal-Cut Twisted Tape Insert in a Double Pipe U-Tube Heat Exchanger Using Al2O

3/Water Nanofl uid

P.V. Durga Prasad, A.V.S.S.K.S. Gupta, K. Deepak . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

Capture Effi ciency of Magnetic Nanoparticles in a Tube under Magnetic Field

S. Sharma, A. Gaur, U. Singh, V.K. Katiyar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64

Parametric Optimization in Machining of Nimonic-263 Alloy Using RSM and Particle Swarm Optimization

M.S. Rao, N. Venkaiah . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70

Transient MHD Free Convection Flow and Heat Transfer of Nanofl uid Past an Impulsively Started Vertical Porous Plate in the Presence of

Viscous Dissipation

V. Rajesh, M.P. Mallesh, O.A. Bég . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

Infl uence of Precursors on Morphology and Spectroscopic Properties of ZnO Nanoparticles

U.S. Rao, G. Srinivas, T.P. Rao . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90

Effect of Sintering Temperature on Zn0.94

Cr0.03

Fe0.03

O Nanostructures

P. Chand, A. Gaur, A. Kumar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97

Synthesis of N-S Doped Graphene for Hydrogen Storage

S. Pal, A. Agrawal, S.K. Nippani, G. Anand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103

The Future of Civil Engineering with the Infl uence and Impact of Nanotechnology on Properties of Materials

N.V. Rao, M. Rajasekhar, K. Vijayalakshmi, M. Vamshykrishna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111

Synthesis and Analysis of Ternary Oxide Nanomaterial for Electro-Thermal Applications

D. Sreedhar, Y. Vinod Reddy, V. Vasudeva Rao . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116

Estimation of Modal Damping Ratio from Specifi c Shear Modulus for Monolithic Materials and Hybrid Cored Multilayer Composites

S. Havaldar, U.N. Chate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124

Effi cient Nanocomposite Formation of Acyrlo Nitrile Rubber by Incorporation of Graphite and Graphene Layers: Reduction in Friction and

Wear Rate

N. Agrawal, A.S. Parihar, J.P. Singh, T.H. Goswami, D.N. Tripathi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139

Fabrication and Mechanical Properties of AlSi12 Nano Particulate Composite

K.S. Reddy, D. Sreedhar, P. Nagesh, G.J. Raju . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149

Synthesis and Characterization of Nano-sized Al2O

3 Particle Reinforced ZA-27 Metal Matrix Composites

N. Shivakumar, V. Vasu, N. Narasaiah, S. kumar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159

Microstructural and Electrical Properties of Barium Strontium Titanate and Nickel Zinc Ferrite Composites

R.J. Pandya, U.S. Joshi, O.F. Caltun . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168

Polypyrrole/Carbon Nanotubes/Lactate Oxidase Nanobiocomposite Film Based Modifi ed Stainless Steel Electrode Lactate Biosensor

B.H. Meshram, R.P. Mahore, P.D. Virutkar, S.B. Kondawar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176

Electrospun Nanofi bers of Conducting Polyaniline/Al-SnO2 Composites for Hydrogen Sensing Applications

H.J. Sharma, D.V. Jamkar, S.B. Kondawar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186

Development of Electrospun Polyaniline/ZnO Composite Nanofi bers for LPG Sensing

P.T. Patil, R.S. Anwane, S.B. Kondawar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195

iv Contents

Synthesis, Characterization and Electrical Properties of a Composite of Topological Insulating Material: Bi2Te

3-PANI

R.R. Urkude, P.T. Patil, S.B. Kondawar, U.A. Palikundwar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205

Hardness and Wear Resistance of ZrO2 Nano Particle Reinforced Al Nanocomposites Produced by Powder Metallurgy

M. Ramachandra, A. Abhishek, P. Siddeshwar, V. Bharathi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212

Optimizing the Machining Parameters for Minimum Surface Roughness in Turning Al/6% SiC/6%RHA Hybrid Composites

C. Shoba, N. Ramanaiah, D.N. Rao . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220

Effect of Blast Furnace Slag on Mechanical Properties of Glass Fiber Polymer Composites

A.V. Pradeep . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230

Experimental Investigation of Jute FiberReinforcedNano Clay Composite

K. Deepak, S.V.P. Vattikuti, B. Venkatesh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238

Infl uence of Thermal and Magnetic Field on Vibration of Double Walled Carbon Nanotubes Using Nonlocal Timoshenko Beam Theory

P. Ponnusamy, A. Amuthalakshmi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243

Enhancing the Performance of MEMS Piezoresistive Pressure Sensor Using Germanium Nanowire

S.M. Shaby, M.S.G. Premi, B. Martin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254

Component Replication Using 3D Printing Technology

B. Satyanarayana, K.J. Prakash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263

Parametric Study of Sol Gel Technique for Fabricating ZnO Thin Films

A. Chavan, B.W. Shivaraj, H.N.N. Murthy, A. Vivek, V. Holla, S. Shandilya, M. Krishna, B.S. Satyanarayana . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 270

Effect of Precursor Concentration on Structural and Morphological Properties of Iron Pyrite Thin Films

A. Vedavathi, Y.M. Reddy, K.T.R. Reddy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 279

Investigations on Physical Properties of Nanostructured Cr Doped CdO Thin Films for Optoelectronic Applications

B. Hymavathi, B.R. Kumar, T.S. Rao . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285

Effect of Annealing Temperature on Structural and Optical Properties of Dip and Spin Coated ZnO Thin Films

B.W. Shivaraj, H.N.N. Murthy, M. Krishna, B.S. Satyanarayana . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292

Design and Analysis of Thin Film Silicon Solar Cells Using FDTD Method

S. Saravanan, R.S. Dubey, S. Kalainathan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 301

Detection of T-Wave Alternans in ECGs by Wavelet Analysis

V. Nannaparaju, S. Narasimman . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 307

Design and Implementation of a Low-Power, High-Speed Comparator

V. Deepika, S. Singh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 314

Design of Low Power Adaptive Pulse TriggeredFlip-Flop Using Modifi ed Clock Gating Schemeat 90 nm Technology

K. Kavali, S. Rajendar, R. Naresh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 323

Material and Stress Analysis of Railroad Vehicle Suspension: A Failure Investigation

M.A. Kumbhalkar, D.V. Bhope, A.V. Vanalkar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 331

Performance Analysis of Alternate Repeaters for On-Chip Interconnections in Nanometer Technologies

S. Rajendar, P. Chandrasekhar, M. Asha Rani, R. Naresh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 344

Realization of Data Flow in QCA Tile Structure Circuit by Potential Energy Calculation

T. Purkayastha, T. Chattopadhyay, D. De, A. Mahata . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 353

Performance of Fading Channels on Energy Detection Based Spectrum Sensing

M. Ranjeeth, S. Anuradha . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 361

Area Effi cient Hybrid Parallel Prefi x Adders

N. Poornima, V.S.K. Bhaaskaran . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 371

Power Analysis of Quantum Cellular Automata Circuits

E.N. Ganesh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 381

Fixed-Width Multiplier with Simple Compensation Bias

S.S. Bhusare, V.S.K. Bhaaskaran . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 395

A Novel Architecture for Scan Cell in Low Power Test Circuitry

G.R. Kumar, K. Babulu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 403

Analysis and Detection of Cholesterol by Wavelets Based and ANN Classifi cation

K. Ganapathi Adi, P.V. Rao, V.K. Adi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 409

Probe-based Data Storage Technology: Thermomechanical Storage – State of the Art

S.V. Prabhakar Vattikuti, P.S. Reddy, B. Venkatesh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 419

Detection of Cancer in Lung with K-NN Classifi cation Using Genetic Algorithm

P. Bhuvaneswari, A.B. Therese . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 433

Stacked Dual Oxide Nano MOS Parameter Optimization for 3-D IC Realization

Ch. Sathyanarayana, S.P. Venu Madhava Rao, E.R. Charyulu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 441

A Novel Approach for Design and Analysis of Diabetic Retinopathy Glaucoma Detection Using Cup to Disk Ration and ANN

P.V. Rao, R. Gayathri, R. Sunitha . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 446

Studies on Acoustic Activity of Red Palm Weevil the Deadly Pest on Coconut Crops

B. Martin, S.M. Shaby, M.S.G. Premi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 455

Inclusion Complexation of Acetanilide into the �-Cyclodextrin Nanocavity: A Computational Approach

D. Prema, K. Sivakumar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 467

Contents v

Experimental Studies on Void Fraction Measurement on Air-Lift Loop with Multiple Risers

G.K. Pujari, N.M. Rao, A. Gupta, B.B. Mallikarjuna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 476

Security Enhancement of Text Message Based on Matrix Approach Using Elliptical Curve Cryptosystem

V. Kamalakannan, S. Tamilselvan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 489

A Variational Principle Approach for Vibration of Non-Uniform Nanocantilever Using Nonlocal Elasticity Theory

A. Pandey, J. Singh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 497

Finite Element Analysis of All Composite CNG Cylinders

M. Nirbhay, S. Juneja, A. Dixit, R.K. Misra, S. Sharma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 507

Energy Generation from Municipal Solid Waste by Innovative Technologies – Plasma Gasifi cation

M. Rajasekhar, N.V. Rao, G.C. Rao, G. Priyadarshini, N.J. Kumar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 513

Design and Development of a Bio-Inspired Flapping Wing Type Micro Air Vehicle

S. Mishra, B. Tripathi, S. Garg, A. Kumar, P. Kumar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 519

Wear Characteristics of Hardfacing Alloys: State-of-the-art

B. Venkatesh, K. Sriker, V.S.V. Prabhakar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 527

The Structure and Complex Impedance Spectroscopy of Sr1-x

CaxBi

4Ti

4O

15 (x=0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8) Ceramics

G. Anand, P. Kuchhal, P. Sarah . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 533

Electrical Properties of Lead Free Sr0.8

Na0.1

Sm0.1

Bi4Ti

4O

15 Ceramics

K. Ashok, B. Mamatha, P. Sarah . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 542

Biodegradable Nano-Hydrogels in Agricultural Farming – Alternative Source for Water Resources

R. Vundavalli, S. Vundavalli, M. Nakka, D.S. Rao . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 548

An Investigation on ILSS Properties of Unidirectional Glass Fibre/Alumina Nanoparticles Filled Epoxy Nanocomposite at Different Angles

of Fibre Orientations

M. Rajanish, N.V. Nanjundaradhya, R.S. Sharma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 555

Effect of Viscous Dissipation, Soret and Dufour Effect on Free Convection Heat and Mass Transfer from Vertical Surface in a Porous Medium

D.S. Reddy, G.S. Sarma, K. Govardhan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 563

Fabrication of Electrospun Nanofi bers of Titanium Dioxide Intercalated Polyaniline Nanocomposites for CO2 Gas Sensor

S.H. Nimkar, S.P. Agrawal, S.B. Kondawar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 572

Luminescence Properties of Electrospun Nanofi bers of Europium Complex Eu(TTA)3Phen/Polymers

M.P. Dandekar, S.B. Kondawar, S.G. Itankar, D.V. Nandanwar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 580

Synthesis and Characterization of Conducting Polyaniline/Graphene Nanocomposites for Electromagnetic Interference Shielding

P. Modak, S.B. Kondawar, D.V. Nandanwar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 588

Electrospun Poly (Vinylidene Fluoride)/Poly (Methyl Methacrylate) Composite Nanofi bers Polymer Electrolyte for Batteries

Y.P. Mahant, S.B. Kondawar, M. Bhute, D.V. Nandanwar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 595

Scope of Nanotechnology in Radiation Treatment Planning

S.P. Kishore, N.V.S.L. Narasimham, A.R. Prasad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 603

Structure and Crystallization Behaviour of Amorphous Fe76

Tm4B

20 Alloy Studied by DSC, SEM and EDS

M.D.V. Srilalitha, B.B. Prasad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 609

Analysis and Design of Principal Component Analysis and Hidden Markov Model for Face Recognition

D.S. Dinesh Kumar, P.V. Rao . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 616

Thermosetting Polymer and Nano Clay Based Natural Fiber Bio-Composites

K. Deepak, N. Srinivasa Reddy, T.V. Seshaiah Naidu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 626

Measuring the Surface Properties of a Novel 3-D Artifi cial Magnetic Material

K.S. Reddy, K.P. Kumar, H. Khan, H. Vaish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 632

Frequency Response of Sandwich Beam Embedded with Shape Memory Alloy Wires

D.J. More, S.A. Chavan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 638

Wear Analysis on Silicon Carbide Coated HSS Pin on SS Disc Substrate

R. Venkatesh, V.S. Rao, N. Arunkumar, S. Biswas, R.S. Kumar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 644

Electrical and Dielectrical Properties of 0.19

Ba(NO3)

2 – 0.81KNO

3:CeO

2 Solid Electrolyte System

S.S. Devi, S.N. Reddy, A.S. Chary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 651

Novel Frequency Reconfi gurable Slotted Patch Antenna: Design and Analysis

K.S. Reddy, K.P. Kumar, P.B. Reddy, H. Vaish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 660

Ru/Ti Schottky Contacts on n-type In-P (100): Temperature Dependence of Current-Voltage (I-V) Characteristics

V. Rajagopal Reddy, Y. Munikrishna Reddy, R. Padmasuvarna, T. Lakshmi Narasappa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 666

Study of Normal Static Stresses under an Excitation in Poroelastic Flat Slabs

S. Alety, M.R. Perati . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 673

Fabrication of a Novel Nano-engineered Glass Based Optical Fiber for Radiation Sensor Application

S. Ghosh, A. Dhar, S. Das, M.C. Paul . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 683

Nano-fractal Electrodes Use in Electroencephalography (EEG) Array Generation to Map with Speech Signals

J. Reddy Koya, S.P. Venu Madhava Rao . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 693

Polyaniline/MnO2 Nanocomposites Based Stainless Steel Electrode Modifi ed Enzymatic Urease Biosensor

A.P. Mahajan, S.B. Kondawar, R.P. Mahore, B.H. Meshram, P.D. Virutkar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 699

Simulation of Pulsatile Blood Flow Through Various Cardiac Defects and Quantitative Measurements of Shunted Blood Volume

V.A. Sonetha, J.R. Bellare . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 706

vi Contents

Heat Treatment Impact on the Properties of Na and N Dual Doped ZnO Thin Flms by Spray Pyrolysis

R. Swapna, K. Venkateswarlu, M.C. Santhosh Kumar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 714

Effect of Post-Annealing on the Properties of Eu Doped ZnO Nano Thin Films

R. Swapna, T. SrinivasaReddy, K. Venkateswarlu, M.C. Santhosh Kumar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 723

The Role of CatSper1 and CatSper2 ion Channels in Male Fertility and Infertility

S. Saha, K. Talukdar, A.K. Chakraborty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 730

Spectroscopic Studies of Distorted Structure Bio-nano Molecules

K.S. Rao, V.U.M. Rao, J. Vijayasekhar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 737

Sensitivity, Pole-Zero and Distortion Analysis of State Variable Filter with Multiple Faults

B. SreeLatha, S.P. Venumadhava Rao, E.V.L.N. Ranga Charyulu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 748

Heat Transfer Process Control in Integrated Circuits at Nano Meter Sizes

K.S. Sundari, S.P. Venu Madhava Rao . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 754

Characterisation of PAN Carbon Fabric/ Epoxy Resin for Structural Materials

A.K. Veerapaneni, M. Dandu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 760

Design and Analysis of Fluid Structure Interaction in a Horizontal Micro Channel

K.S. Rao, K.G. Sravani, G. Yugandhar, G.V. Rao, V.N. Mani . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 768

Power-Aware Alternative Adder Cell Structure Using Swing Restored Complementary Pass Transistor Logic at 45nm Technology

T. Bhagyalaxmi, S. Rajendar, S. Srinivas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 789

Venkatesh Begori

B.VENKATESH, PhD, is Professor of MechanicalEngineering Department with VARDHAMAN COLLEGEOF ENGINEERING (Autonomous) Hyderabad.He got 13years experience in teaching and various scientificfield of mechanical engineering.

978-3-659-39888-9

CD CD

IC

0 ..,

Venkatesh Begori

S. V. Prabhakar Vattikuti

Design of High Speed, High Quality Gears for Marine

Applications A Parametric Approach for Design of Helical Gear

,I.AP� L .AMBERT� Academic Publishing

I\

Subbarao Chamar1hiP\JrnanMd V , 8h.,I\?

Srinivasa Reddy Nallimilli (EdJ

An Introduction to performance improvement

of a bio gas plant

The global mega trends such as climate change are driving the increased adoption of renewable energy sources in general, whereas the price volatility, supply issues and environmental hazards of fossil fuel production are about to accelerate the pace in the investments of non-fossil fuels production in particular. Biagas, the most sustainable of biofuels, is in a starting point of an exponential market growth curve.This book will cover the latest developments and future scenarios of the rapidly developing bio gas market across the globe.

Subbarao Chamarthi

M.Tech ( SVNIT - Surat), Assistant Professor,Vardhaman College of Engineering, Hyderabad

978-3-659-44158-5

Basic Electrical and Electronics Engineering

Documents

Transcript of Basic Electrical and Electronics Engineering