[ ? ^ S 4.45-59.1987 C>byl,A,A.F.

A MODERN METHOD OF COMPUTER-AIDED COLLECTION AND EVALUATION OF TRAINING AND COMPETITION DATA FOR ENDURANCE EVENTS

Lothar Pöhlitz

• The aulhor illustrates the use ofa computer program for an accurate analysis ofiraining and performance. This melhod is aimed at a more effeclive regulalion of each alhlete's iraining and al a further deveiopmeni of the training methodology on the basis ofthe training methods used hy lop-level athletes. Lothar Pöhlitz is the DLV National Coach for women's middle dislance, long-disiance and marathon running. « •

Translated frotn the original German hy Jiirgen Schiffer

The practical iriethod for evaluating training and competition data on middle distance, long distance and marathon running presented in this ar­ticle is the product of many years of de­velopment.

In the past, the analysis of the training loads and the preseniation of the training data in the form of diag­rams, withoul the aid of computers, was a very time-consuming affair. In addition to this, the results ohiained were nol very meaningful and iherefore nol suitable to advance the development of training meihods.

For decades, it has only been pos­sible to present the athletes" Iraining volume without relating it to speed buildup. This onesided analysis of the relalionship between training volume and speed was a shortcoming which considerably limited the meaning of statemenis on the quality of training and the lolal load. 45

Within the framework of looking for a more complex and efficient melhod of Iraining elaluation and regulation in connection with applied sport-medical performance diagnoslics, the idea for developing a computer-aided analysis system was born.

At the beginning of the project, there were many difficulties which had to be overcome as well new problems which constantly arose. These dif­ficulties included dealing with the large amount of information and data in­volved, the search for a practicable method of processing the speed dala, the joining together of several partial diagrams into one clear diagram which could be used for the evaluation of the complete yearly training process and making it fit on a single A 4 sheet, and, last but not least, the handhng of the computer.

Currently, the programme is satis­factorily run on an Apple Macintosh Plus 512 k with the software "Microsoft EXCEL" (1).

It must be said in advance that a computer-aided training evaluation on a central scale can only consist of medium and long-term analyses since the organization periods (logging of data, transport to the computer, error checking before data input, processing of data, feedback of information to the athlete or coach) are very long.

Short-term assessment must be done by the coach at the end of each week. This task can only be undertaken by the national coach if the training logs are sent in every week.

In my opinion, the computer-aided training evaluation for middle and long distance running presented in this ar­

ticle could also be used in other en­durance sports without further difficul­ties.

Objectives and possibilities ofthe computer-aided training and competition analysis

The aim oftraining in top-level sport must be the achievement of peak performances in top competitions (European Championships, World Championships, Olympic Games), With this in mind. Iraining and compet­ition analysis should be primarily oriented towards performance de­velopment in defined periods and must make possible statements on both positive and negative training methods.

The computer-aided method of analysis was developed with the fol­lowing objeclives in mind:

1) to assist the coach in the regu­lation oftraining;

2) to enable the national coach to give individual advice on the further performance development of the squad athletes;

3) to find generalisations for the further development of training methodology on the basis of the Iraining methods of lop-level athletes;

4) to make an important con­tribution to the improvement of Iraining effectiveness and to the more effective utilisation of the time av­ailable for training;

5) to gain new insights into the in­tensity buildup in endurance events.

The knowledge of the training methods and an optimum and realistic planning of training loads are pre-

46 (i) I wish to thank my colleague Herbert Czingon for his extensive help in programming.

requisites for the regulalion of the long-lerm performance development. This knowledge is continuously in­creased by the comparison of the planned training (target value), the re­sults of performance diagnostics and the athlete's condilitmal slate wilh the training carried-out (aclual value).

Competitions are a part of the prep­aralion for the peak events of the year. As importanl training forms they are naturally integrated into the evalua­tion. There is no separate competition analysis,

Thc basis of all considerations on the formulation of precise statements on realized loads is thc welt-known-mode! of periodizatitm by Maiwejew (Fig. 1). The primary objeciive of our system was to gain a deeper insight into the "big wave" of training intensity and speed analysis in the endurance events.

This must, however, be qualified by saying that the compuier program alone cannot make possible an ex­tensive assessment - the coach's judgement is still necessary!

The following aspects must also be considered when assessing thc realized iraining and the individual level of per­formance:

— the level of psychical stress and stress management;

— measures for accelerating regen­eration that are nol part of the direci iraining process (massages, baths, nut­rition, sleep, e t c ) ;

— the lenglh and character of pauses;

— the efficiency of training loads such as. for example, strength exer­cises, jumps and loads that are not direci parts of training (e.g. school sport, training in other sports, etc.).

Mooote EtoppFD

Perioden Vorbereitungsperiode

VII I vm I IX I x I XI I XII

Wettkompf periode Utwrgong

Monate - monlhii Klappen - pha.ses Perioden = periods

Vorbereilung - preparation Wettkampfperiode = competition period libei^ang ^ Iransiiion

Figure 1 - PeriMlizalion of training; I = load volume, la = load intensily (according to Matwejew) 47

The collection of Iraining and competition data

Data logging

The prerequisite for good training evaluation is data documentation which:

— focusses on the values of the per­formance-determining factors of thc respective event;

— comprises, if possible, all data re­lated to the performance structure of the respective event;

— is based on a complete logging of the Iraining data;

— enables the athlete to give a per­sonal opinion on his Iraining (notes/ comments).

The athlete must have no difficulties in filling out the training log, Thc log should give detailed information on the load demands, and it must be prepared for compuier input (input musl be pos­sible by non-specialists), A complete logging requires that the alhlete in­cludes every training unit in the order of the training process in both written, detailed form (the Iraining log should also serve as a training diary) and machine-readable form.

Figures 2 and 3 (on the following pages) show two differeni ways of logging training data (in both cases one week's training data is presented), At the lop of both sheets there are fields lo enter name, evaluation period, days of rest, weight, performance objective and the results of the performance-diagnostic examinations, which serve as reference quantities for the analysis of the intensity of the conlinuous and tempo runs.

On both sheets, there is sufficient 48 space for detailed comments on the

Iraining carried-out. In designing a form for youth

iraining (fig. 2). we proceeded from the idea that the presentation tif the possible Iraining contents (points 1-16) is a great help for young athletes who are beginners in the logging of Iraining data. The assignment of activities to three intensily categories (continuous run 1-3/tempo run 1-3) is also possible when the assessmeni ofthe training in­tensity (low/medium/high) is very sub­jective. Adding up the kilometres run per week (righl column) serves the central data collection by the alhlete. Furthermore, adding up the weekly

Ke> to figure 2

DLV'-Trainingsaus Wertung Mittel- und I.angslrecke/Nachwuths = D r \ ' training evalu­ation "middle and long distance running/ jouths" Name = name Tage ohne Tr. = days withoul training Gew. = weight TE (Anz.) = number oftraining units L-Ziel = performance goal Montag. Dienstag, Mittwoch, Donnerstag, Freitag, Samstag, Sonntag = Mondav. Tuesday. W'ednestlay, Thursday. Friday, Saturday, Sunday F.inschät/ung der Woche/Bemerkungen = eüti-inalion ofthe week/comments C'bungsbe/eichnung - i>pe of exercise Wochensunime = weekly sum Trainings^eit - training lime Einl./Ausl. = warming-up/cooling-down Schnelligkeit = speed DI. = conlinuous run F'ahrtspiel ^fartlek TI. = tempo run Bergaufläufe = uphill runs Gesaml-km = total amount of kilometres Summe 2 bis 10 = sum 2 to IU Athletik = athletics Koordination = coordination (iymnastik = flexibiliiv exercises Fußgymnastik = foot nexibiliiy exercises \VS-<;yninastik = back flexibility exercises Dehnungsgvmnastik ~ stretching exercLses Sprünge (.A n/ahl) = numberof Jumps Sonstiges Training = further training Spiele = games

Hürden/Mindemisüher(|uer. |.\nzahl) = num­ber of hurdle/obstacle clearances

kilometres is very useful from a pedagogical point of view since it

forces the athletes to analyse their weekly training once again.

DLV-Tr j i in in i |s aus W e r t u n g M I H F I - und L a n q s t r » c h # / N > c h v

Moafjf

Dienstag

ucht N A M E : Voch» vom Ü s

MUfvotä

Oaaatrs't.ig

Obunqsb«z«ichnunq 1

2 3

4

5

6

7

a

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

Train inasi^ i t (min)

Ein1,/Aus1. (km) Sctinel l igkdt (mJ

DL 1 t k m ) / "ahrtsoiel (km)

DL 2 Ckm)

DL3

TL 1 [km) J95S5

TL 2 Ckm) 85 - 95=e TL 3 Ckm)

<e5SB

8»rqAuflauf* Ckm)

Cmmt - f c rn (Summe 2 bis 10)

Athletik Cmin) Koordination (min)

Gymnastik (min) fußmmnast.Cmir))

WS-Gi jmn i i (mm) Dehnurigsaym. C")

SprUnq* CAniaM)

Sons t ig« T r i l n ing (min)

Spi*!» (min)

Hurd«n /H iml«rn t t -Überquer. (An iaM)

Mo

1.TE i tag 2.TE

Die

! .TE

stag 2.rE

M i t t

1.TE woch 2.TE

Tag» ohne Tr . : T£(AnE.) ;

G»v : L 'Ziel Cm/ i )

rr-ei(.if

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Elnschötzu i i f 4 « r V o c h c / B i m c r k u n g c n

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r i t i g

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1.TE t a ,

2.TE

Sam

1,TE

[tag 2.TE

Sen 1.TE

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Vochen-

Summf

t

2 3

4

5

(. 7

8

9

10

11 12

13

14

15

16

17

• • •

• • • • •

• m

• • • •

k •

m

1

1

1 1 1 •1 1 1 • I 1 1 •1 1 1

Figure 2 - Weekly training log "running" for youth Iraining in the DLV {Deutscher Leichtathletik Verband) 4 9

DLV-Trainingsaufzeichnung / Mittel-, Langstrecke H^^ni: CL

/ n i n D LCD o:

Tag

Mo

DI

MI

Do

Ft

Sa

So

Mimtbw >0M> ttbeni

Atisotviertes Training, Wettkaniiple, Konlroiläule, Zeltan. Pausen

Summe

1 JIIW

Tr-Zei( / M m - /

y TE

1

1

^

1

\ 1 1

1

1

1

O.­Nr.

1

1

1 1

1

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sm Un

Gas.-km

1

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's

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1

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a Tl

Sonst Train,

Attilsok

,

BemerKuiQen Puls

5 0 Figure 3 - Weekiv training log "women*ü middle/long distance and marathon running" in the D L V

lable 1

Exercise

1 T

:i

•i

5

(•> 7

8

9

III

t^anip l t .

number

o l Ihe collection of running training

Training forms

Speed

Jumps

Obstacle clearances

Further I raininji (oiher sp

Sirens!lh/lk-\ili i l i l>

Warming l ipand cooling-

Competii iun!.

Uphi l l running

Continuous run/farllck

Tempo runs

lorms

ort/school

down

*iport)

1

To til! oul the form shown in fig. 3 athletes musl use exercise numbers (see tahle 1 on the following pages). TIic numhcrs can easilv he kept in mind, and the athletes normally have no difficulties recording their training

Key to figure 3

DL\'-rraining!taur/ieehnung/Mittel-, Langstrecke ^ DLV training log/middle and long distance running Name b/,«. ID . - \ r . = name or identity number >\oche/Jahr = »eek/year (ies. Ir.-Zeil = total training lime Std.: Min. = hours: minuies Gewichi = weight Tg. o. Ir. =- days withoul training L.-Ziel = performance goal Aer.-Anaer. Schwelle = aerobic-anaerobic Ihreshold Tag = day Absoi> ierles Training, V\ ettkiimpfe. ktmtrol-läufe. Zeilen Pausen = Iraining carried oul. compelilioa<i, control runs, limes. pau.ses Tr.-Zeil =-- Iraining time L'.-Nr. = exercise numher Ces.-km = lotal amount of kilomeires Gesch. = velocity An/. Wdhlg. = numberof repetition!) Sonst. Train./Athletik = further training/ath­letics Renierkungen/Puls = comments/puLse Mo. Di. Mi. Do. Kr. Sa. So = Monday, Tuesday. \\ ednesday, Ibursdut, Friday. Saiurday. Sunday Summe = sum

in the evening. The conversion of the running vel­

ocity is done with the help of a velocity table (table 2 on the following pages). The velocity of the continuous and tempo runs is converted into m/sec and can easilv be read from thc table.

Women runners at the World Championships in Rome 51

fö

Table 2 - Velocity lable for women's middle and long distance running

m/s 100 m 200 m 3 0 0 m 4 0 0 m SOO m

8 0 0 m 1000 m 1200 m 1500 m 2ÖbÖ in 3000 m

4 km 5 km 6 km 7 km 8 km 9 km 10 km 12 km 15 icm 20 km 25 km 30 km 35 km 40 km

Marathon 43 km 50 icm

4 ,44 22^5 45,0

"ILI 90,0 1 :52,5

3:00,0 3:45,0 4 :30^0 5:37^5 7:30,0

11 :15,0 15:00,0 18:45,0 22 :30,0 26:15,,0 3Ö:ÖÖ^0 33:45,0 37:30,0 45:00,0 56:15,0 75:00,0 95:45,0

112:30 0 131:15,0 150 00,0 158:14,0

•i66:45,iÜ 187:30,0

4 ,55 22,0 44 p

•*"66,0 ___88,p """"'l':50,Ö

2:56,0 3 40,0 4:24,0 5:30,^0 7:2Ö,Ö

i"i":i5d,iD 14:40,0 13:20,0 22;p0,0

'225740,0 '"~29:20^6

33:00,0 36:40,0

_ .44;pO,P "*'55:ÖÖ,CI

73 :20,0 91 :40,0

11Ö 00 0 128:20,0 146:40,0 154:43,0 165:00,0

4 ,65 ...„.-....2,U5

43,0 64,5 86,0

1 :47,5 2:09,0 2:52,0 3:35,0 4:18,0 5:22j5

__7;lp,p •"TÖ':45,b

14:20,0 17:55,0 21 :30,0

_25:p5,0 "'"2i:40,0

32:15,0 35.50,0 43:00,0 53:45,0 71 :40,0 89:35,0

107:30 0 125:25,0 145:20,0 131 :12,0

4 , 7 6 21,0 42 Üi 63,0 84,0

1:45,0

2:4S .0 3:30,0 4:12,0 5:15,13

_7SDp,p """i 0:313,0

14:00,0 17:50,0 21_:pg,p 24^0,^0

""28:00,0

Zfi.M.ä Z5m',Q 42:00,0 52:30,0 70:00,0 87:30,0

105:00,0 122:30,0 1,40:00,13 147:41^0

4^88 _ 20,5

4T,,b .„ . 61^5

82,0 1 :42,5

2:44,0 3:25,0 4 :06,0 5:07j5

.... 6:50,0 "io"i5,b 13:40,0 17:05,0

... 20:30,0 "•"23"55,Ö

27 :20,0 __3p45,0

34:10,0 41 :00,0 51:15,0 68:20,0 85:25,0

1 02 :30,0 ii'9:35,0 156:40,0 144:10,0

5 , 0 0 20,0

60,0 80,0

1 :40,0

2 :40.0 3:20,0

._4^0p,p '""5"bb,ü)

SAOß ""'i oTöö ,13

13:20,0 16:40,0 20 :OOJD

....2,3:20,0 26:4"o,Ö

'"3p';qp,p 33:2'Ö,Ö 40 :00,0

'"'5Ö'r6'b,ö 66 ;40,0 85:20,0

100 00 0 ii6:'4Ö,Ö 153:20,0 140:39,0

5 .13

......19.5 39,0 58,5 78,0

1:37,5

2:36.0 3:15.0 5 54,0 4'i!52^5 6:30,0 9:45,0

13:00,0 16:15,0 19:30,0

.....22:45,0 _726"po',Ö

32:30,0 39:00,0 48:45,0 65:00,0 81 :15,0 97 -30 0

113:45,0 150 00,0

5 ,26 19,0 58,0 57,0 76,0

1 :35,0 1 :54,0 2:32,0 3:10,0 3:48,0 — • — ^

__6"':2Ö,6 9-313,0

12:40,0 1 5 :50,0 1 9 :00,0 22:10,0 25 20,0 28:30,0 31 :40,0 33:00,0 47:30,0 65:20,0 79:10,0

107:4pJ3

5.41 18,5 57,0 55,5 74,0

1 :32,5 1 :51,0 2:28,0 3:05,0 3:42,0 4:38,5

9:15,0 12:20,0 15:25,0 18:30,0 21 :35,p 24:40,0

..?L:^5,o 30:5b ,b 37:00,0 46:15,0 61 :'iO,0 77:05,0

5 ,56 18,0 36,0 54,0

...J"?2,b - • • • • - ^ -

1 :48,0 2:24.0 3:00,0

.... 3:36,0

"'iMß ....6:00,0

"i'm .0 12:00,0 15:00,0 19:00,0

'24-bo,Ö 27:00,0 30:00.0 56:00,0 45:00,0 60:00,0 75:00,0

•

5,71 17,5 35,0

,.....„..5?-,5. 70,0

1 :45,0 2:20,0 2:55,0 5:30,0 4 22,5

. - - : --^-8:45,0

11 :40,0 14:55,0 17:50,0 20:25,0 25:20,0 26:15,0 29:10.0

• • • - • • •

5 .88

..].Ifi. 34,0

.„_ 5.LP 68,0

.. .85,0 1 :42,b 2:16.0 2:50,0 3:24,0 4:'i'5,Ö 5.;4p.P 8:30,0

11 :20,0 i4:'ib,b 17:00,0 19:50,0 22 :40,0

, ™ —

6 ,06 16,5 33,0

66,0 82,5

2:12,0 2:45,0 3:18,0

Z1;PL5 5:'3b,Ö 8:15,0

11 :00,0 13:45,0 16:30,0 19:15^0

(L

6 ,17

,1.6.2 .32.'!.

_ 48,6 ... ^^ .

81,0

2:09,6 2:42,0 5:14,4 4 :b5,b 5:24,0 8:06,0

11 :00,0

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Ei Ei E

1200

1500

2000

The tabular evaluution (fig. 4)

With the aid of computer programs, the logged d;ita is "processed" to give weekly sums of Ilie training load. The printout period which normally corres­ponds with thc mesticycles of thc training planning {4 to 6 weeks) can be reset for a longer periotl after each cycle. The central element ofthe prog­ramme is the processing of the Iraining carried-out. Thc reference points for the assignment to the given intensity categories are:

— for continuous runs: the aerobic-anaerobic lhreshi>ld (= 100%). After the performance test, the new indi­vidual value of the aerobic perfor­mance capacity is established. This new value is the basis for the planning of the following weeks;

for lempo runs: the performance go;il in thc respective special event ( = 100%). A relation to the athlete's per­sonal best performance is also possible. This reference value is valid for the entire year. A change isonly possible if a ncw goal is set as a result of a long-term loss of training hours.

For the evaluation of the weekly training load three intensity categories were fixed. The volume, thc average running velocity (v). the average dis­tance (s). and thc percentage part of thc weekly volume, characterise the quality of the respective load element. As the system was developed, il was decided that the analysis of the total training volume of the respective week should be dropped as this informalion permitted only superficial statements regarding Ihe load and was not suitable to support the regulalion of training.

The use of further load criteria (Iraining forms) and their classification 53

— DL V-T''J Wl ina s au s V t r tuTiq

Hm*l-/LirNjstr /rauen 1937 i : - L P ö h l i t E - \ j 1 i 1 J i

Njme i i i i i ] i . 1 i Vochef^-Nu miner: 44 Korp^rw wicht i Tage rfin» Trjininq = Traminoiemheitw Trairtinasieit (Std.) i Gesamt km Ein->'AuiUuf«ft km i

Spruna? CAns.) i Athletik CStd,) 1 Sctinellwktit (km)

: 45 ; i K , 5 ;

; 4 :

: i t :30i ' IC9.4!

.^__jL?i.

!

46 i 56,0;

9i 11 :S0:

93.2; 27,5i 150;

0,73! i

47 i 56,5i

4 :

2i 3:E0i 26,3i

2.0!

i

48 i 56,0;

9i 12: t0 i

100 2 : 25.5: 150j

1,C0:

4? ;

55,0i 1

to-: 14:55i 129.7:

23,5: "251^" 0,83!

50 i 55 ,o;

10! 13:15;

io6,o; 14,5i 160;

0.5!

5f i 55,0^

10: 13:S0i

115^8; 17^0:

1601

i

52 i 55.5!

9= 11 .45: 112.4;-

4,5.

*

1 55.5

Cl

i 2 ß : 110,4

ID.O

1

BerQiufl^fen (km) : ! ! i i ! : ! 1 i Sonst. Tratnino (Std.) | Ve t )k / i a (A f i i ) !

DauerVaufoes (km) I

0,00i

; ; : 103.4i

0.00i

; 67,7!

0,75i

24,SE

0,00i j

74,71

0,00i i

97,2!

0,00!

91,2!

_o<9?-

91,3!

O^Oi

93 9!

1,00

91,5 davon Fahrtsptel (km): i ; } 1 i 1 i i i

Tempolauf ges. Ckm) \ DL<8C« (km) !

g-y(.m/s)\

or-Strecke(km)i «-Antei l ;

OL S0-90S (km) ;

e-v(m/s) ! «-Strecke ikmYi

%-kr\te'.\l DL'?0^<km) I

a-v(m/s) i ^-Strecke Ckm)i

9B-Anteili TL «558 (km) ;

» - v ( m / ^ i -ff-Strecke (km)!

S-Anteil 1 TL S5-^ 'W (km)

«-y(m/s)i ff-Strecke {km)j

«-Antei l !

? '•

i 16.2; i 5,43i : S . l i I 15 .4« i

K i 5.56i 15,81

34,0: ; 4.09: • 11.3f

4 ^ 2 , 3 « i •

i !

i

^ ! 1 !

22.0: 3,S3;

7,3! 32.5Si

31 i 3,81^

13,0: 4 ^ r

15,01

22 2 « •

i i

i

1 •

; 1

I5 i 3,77-14.5i

5 9 ^ ^ i 1O.0: 4,26; 10,0!

40jSSi

1

:

1

i

39= 3,69; 13,0:

52jaf 33,7i 4^12: 17,9i

47,8^1

1 1

!

! j

9.01 23 ,o; 5,33:

7,7: 2 3 , 7 « !

64; 3.86! 16. I i

10,0; 1*63; 10,0:

10,3«i

9i 4,53i

2 Ä . 0 0 , 0 « !

50,0:

3 ,61; 10,01

54 .6« ! 2 I i

3,93^ 21,2;

. 25^3 ! : 20,0: 4,23i io,o;

2K9S8I

T

i

7,0! 33,3! 3,361

_J^4i 36.595!

5s: 4,01'

63,5Sr

I i

\

7i

4 ,61 ! 2.o;

00,OS!

9.0: 63,7: 3,53; n .C i

66 ,4*1 33;

3,93! 16^6!

3S.63ii

j

6.01

_.3^5i 3.0!

66.758 j 3:

4,39i

1.5!

8.9 61,3 .3,35

10,3 67 .2«

2Q 3.92 20,0

21.9SK 10,0 4,46 10,0

10.9<?

9

4,35 2,2

33,3«!100,0SB TL>S5«(km) : ; 1 i i i ; 1 i i

B-Yim/sV: 1 ^ ! j 1 1 1 1 i «-Streoke (km)i i i 1 i •! i 1 J •

^-Anteili i 1 j 1 j 1 j 1 |

DLt lOkm

DL 10-15 km t l 15-24 km W. 25-34 km

12,0!

! 54.2; i 39.2-

21,5: 10,0; 3 6 ^ !

24,5i 26,51

382=

12,01 47,0: 38^2!

22,01 32.0i 37,2!

2 3 , 1 ! 47,5; 21,2^

'L51 45.0: 36.4;

18,5 5 3 0 20,0

t>L'53l(m \ \ \ ! - i i. i •:

i 1 i i i i ! i i i

TL 100-599 m ^ ^ J L 1 ^ i 1 1 ^ TL 40C-999 m j TL 1 -5 km I

: ! '•

1

! 1 1

ä.oj

i ( 5,0i

i

8,0! 8.9

Scti'Mile j i

i 4,40: 4,40i */*0) 4,40; 4,40i 4,72r 4,72' 4,721 4,72

Vetn:amprer«6ni3se i ; ' = - ! ! i ' ^ 5 5 5 5 . M • .57 16 q

54 FigurL'4- Example üfthe compuler-aided «valuation ofa training mesucjcle on the bai Ls of weekly sums

can he decided by the individual coach. but il would have a negalive influence on the extent ofthe information and. in most cases, would not improve the quality ofthe statements. It is taken for granted that the individual methods {e.g. when performing jumps wilhin the framework of strength training) are known and that il is nol necessary to describe their evaluation in detail.

The graphic overview of the yearly training

The main objeciive of this gra;phic is to give an overview of the most im­portant training forms. Figure 5 (on the following page) shows the preparation period, ll is possible to retrieve the de-

Key to figure 4

DLV-Trainingsauswerlung = DI.V truinin|) evalualion Mitlel-/Lang,slr. Frauen 1987 = women's middle and long di.stance running 1987 Name = name Wothen-INummer — week numher Körpergewicht = body weighl Tage ohne Training = days wilhoul Iraining Training.seinheiten = training units Trainings/eit (Std.) = Iraining time (hours) GesamI km = lotal amount of kilometres Ein-Auslaufen km = warming-up/cooling-dnwn km Sprünge (Anz.) = number of jumps Alhletik (Std.) = athletics (hours) Schnelligkcil (km) = speed (km) Bergaufiaufeii (km) = uphill running (km) Sons). Training (Std.) = further Iraining (hours) Weltk./Kf, (.An/.) = number of compeiiiions and control runs Dauerlauf ges. (km) — continuous runs (lolal amount of km) Fahrlspiel (km) =: fartlek (km) Tempolauf ges. (km| = lempo runs (tolal umount of km) DL = continuous run 0-Strecke = average distance %-Anteil = perceniage share T L = tempo run Schwelle = Ihreshold Weltkampfergebnisse = compeiition results

sired printout at any time of ther year (mesocycle/macrocycle/total year).

Pan 1 of fig. 5 shows the total amount of kilomeires run and lhe amount of the kilometres covered in the continuous and tempo runs.

Part 2 shows the jump loads per­formed, the volume of strengih and coordination training and lhe volume of speed training.

Part 3 shows the weekly amount of continuous run training in the three in­tensity categories.

Part 4 shows thc weekly amount of tempo run training in the three in­tensity categories.

Velo city-volume-ni t aty.ds

Similar to lhe other prinlouts, this graphic load analysis (fig. fi on the fol­lowing page) makes possible a presen­tation of all desired periods. Periods of six weeks (mesocycles) have proved successful. In each week, up to a maximum of 14 places arc "reserved" by the compuier for the input of the data of 14 training units (e.g. in the case of a training camp with the alhletes training twice daily),

The running load of each training unit is presented as follows: in the lop half: load volume in the bottom half: load intensity/velocity.

By marking the-columns in the top half of the figure differently the re­spective intensity categories can be shown in addition to the training volume.

In the bottom hall of the figure, the average velocities of the continuous and tempo runs are shown. Three symbols for lhe tempo runs represent three different disiancc categories (short, medium and long tempo runs). The horizontal line running through lhe velocity diagram represenis the 55

km

160 140 120 100 80 60 •40 20 0

"

-

" " I \^

/ ^ j ^ ^ ^/^y^

~

p^H. .^^^^»».lAl

1 1 _W_ ~ry-^

™

-^S^i^B^ft ft 11 n H n M H r

~ " '"

'

~ U | ^

III

"

t

' " '

/ ^ i A -M^W 7Iy-VfiA^

"

-' •»Si Ws { uM r-X

n 1 H n

"

—1

I

2b 70

Ib 10

•b

0

• B

•

Gesamt

Dsuarla^

TempolMf

40 42 44 46 48 50 52 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22

A 1200 n 1000 2 800 a 600 h 400 1 200

0

-3-r -2-

^ ^ ^ ^ , , J.T^ir.'^^P^^SZS'A \rnn .. ,nn

• • • •

-^

Sprung»

Schnelltgk.

AthUUk

40 42 44 46 48 50 52 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22

120 100 80 60 40 20|jl

In • DL >90S

n DL 8O-90J5

n DL<80X

40 42 44 46 48 50 52 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 16 20 22

• D

•

TL>95X

TL 85-95%

TL <85%

40 42 44 46 48 50 52 2 4 6 8 10 12 M 16 10 20 22 WoChe

^ 6 Figure 5 - Diagram of the mosl important load parameters in Ihe course of a preparation period

Key lo figure 5

DLV-Trainingsa us Wertung Mil I el- und Langstrecke Frauen 1987 = DI.V Iraining evaluation "women's" middle and long dislance running IfW? (iesami = total amount of km Dauerlauf = conlinuous run Tempolauf '- tempo run Sprünge = jumps Schnelligkeit = speed Athletik = athletics DL - conlinuous run TL = lempo run Woche = week

Key to figure 6

Ziel = goal DL =conliniious run T L = lempo run Woche = week Name der .Mhlelin = alhlele's name

_

*

u

•'>

a

a H

IS

D

m •

Ziel

OL

TL <

TL <

TL>

DLI

DL2

DL3

TL1

TL2

TL3

0,4

1,0

1.0

•igurefi- Ciraphic \clocit>-volume-analysis of «omen's middle and longdistance running 57

. 5 - • •

7.S

7 - -

6.5 " t

5,5

4,5 - -

3,5 -- i

24

I f .L i j j . ; i . : , i , . , • . . . j . i i J . i ! J . j : l t i•^H•i-^-^-H-:•

*.^^..:.4,:.4-''- ':

i• ii'i i r i i t i i f i j'tii'?

; vhj'f'I'J^!'^'' '•

\j\V!\\\\t\\[\ • • • • : Y^\

i'Hi'M'i'MtM";" ; : ' ' ' " " • ' • j t

M i l l , li i H l M i l l l

15 2 6 2 8

-i TL -;i:i,4 •'-• TL -. 1,0 ° TL > 1.0 • DL

Key to rigurc7

Ziel = goal TL - lempo run DL = cuniinuou.s run Name der .\thletin = alhlele's name

Name der Athletin:

Figure 7 - Graphic velocity analysis of women's middle and long distance running wilh the example of 5 8 a mesocycle

performance goal of lhe respective year, Such a line helps the athletes in always orienting their velocity towards this goal.

Velocity analysis

The objective ofthe velocity analysis (fig. 7) is to emphasize the parlicular importance of the running velocity for the long-term buildup of training. This

diagram is an "enlargement" of the bottom half of figure 7; it allows a more exact evaluation of the load structure of lhe aerobic endurance training. The marking of the individual training units makes possible a better assessment of the relationship belween load and re­covery as well as ofthe dynamics of the load structure in the different inlensity categories.

D

REFERENCES

GROSSER. M., BRÜGGEMANN. P.. ZINTL- F.: LfistungsMeucrung in Training und Wettkampf. BLV-Verlag. München 1986.

HARRE, D.: Trainingslehre. Sporlverlag. Berlin/Ost 1979.

MATWEJEW. L.P.: Periodisierung des sporiliehen Trainings. Bartels & Wernitz, Berlin 1972.

WEiNECK. J.: Optimales Training, Perimed Verlagsgesellschaft. Erlangen 1986. MATWEJEW. L.P.: Grundlagen des sportlichen Training, Sporlverlag. Berlin/Ost 1981.

ZACIORSKIJ. V,; Die koperlichen Eigen­schaften des Sportlers. Bartels & Wernitz, Berlin 1972. 59