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1.11 the~".'c be e'riy f! OJ'.' t of control or observation of the eXT.>Pna.i tures?

D. G. Oh y 0s, I think ::i o.

Q• By what -- an inte:r..-1.f, tiona: organisation?

D. G. I think that t he:r.e will b e some arran.i:ser.,cnt rr.ade at the con-vL'nt ion fo r the control o:P' those :.'·unds. I :.:: houlC: t r:.ink sor:1e of U 1 e;n cou].c1 r,r,o to housing tmcJ.e:c the .r_:enera1 welfare · cl a.use.

q. '\ifhile we a.re on n0vm1:)apers. Do ;,i-ou thi1i~~ tlle cor:r'es ;onc1.ents here: and: the -pre'Bs in America '.1ave been •: ivin.8 a t atiofe.ctory -:,ictu:.:--3 of Ite.Jy?

D,G. I don't think I .am the ri e;ht Jercon to answer t hat ouestion. ' . -

Q. Yes, I thiPJc you a r c .

D. G. I will te:i l you why ... I am :o:cejuoiced.

Q, (rcferm1ee is made to a ,Jrev ious otaten~ent by ]~r. J;,aGuardia)

D. G. I get that infonnatio.ri · rrom our o-wn of/ ioial recorcls and. :fi[!t,re:.; -not from the Press.

Q. Do you think the American Presl'.: is r,iving enough spacE: to Italy?

D. G-. Let us t akE; forei,gn affa.its :::':i .. rst, I c7.o not think sd.., with the exception of Oi.1e or two :pa.pc:::s . !fow Yor1<: and othC;r J ~,rge ci t iee, I think i they wou:1 a_ rlevote r.~or e s:r:,ace to f'orei,r_;n a.ff airs :i. t wouJ d

l be v0r~r he.1·,)f'l.l.J..

Q. I rcs.lizc t:1D.t you &re ~r,oing to Yugop,J avia f ron~ he:cc:: . I have ;iust r eturned. ?rom t here a.i10. the co1;;7laint ·:;hc:cc.; j_s that ihe UN?..BA mi.e:·iori i:J not a.l) l c to ~·c: t over to the Yugo8lav :x ,opl e t.b..at the bull~ of the SU:):i?l ·Lr: coming frow .America ancl B:ci ta1.n and. a] so th0.t they are brou'!ht in f'ree . In fa.ct , in soMf; schooJ:J the r-hilc:1.ren t hc L1.r.;ht t)1at the nymbol UNRT?A is the nm!le of · a tovm :in '.foJ.s."lia~ It "Mfmd.s · f .. anciful: · •1 •

but is true, I wane.er r:h:: t you hav E, jn nind for them,

D, G. I will try t o clarify i t if I cE,n.

Q, Does the bread rt,.t ion in Dri tai::.1 mean that f=.:r!Y adL.,_i tiona J grain wilJ be s e t asidb f or f\UIJply i-o mmP.A?.

D, G, l\Jo, Gree.t Britain is acting v0r7 p:tuo..ently , w:\.seJy 2..nc1 r0a} isticaUy anc1 lookinr: a.head at wh&.t is in tht; air,· :~ather t!1an tslc:i.n!_s a Prnack al] at once.

Q. Woule_ .70U w:y th:::t Itely 'is acting realis t ically in ·1)utting the b r ec.c. ra t'i on uu at ·c:1e same time ?

D.G-. I su::i::1ponc they b1ow whnt thsy nre, 6oing, having taken inventory· - at leant I hopt ~o.

--6- • q. From the impres.?-ions you got visiting other countrieo, do you think

ti ey are better off than Italy?

D. G-, In the course of the a~i:,: we may be able to ,3ive you com·_)ar·a+.ive tables on ~r:~_:j.ns Dnd fatr;. In rny opin:l.on Austria is worso off

than Italy but I do not 1)l-J icve that ItaJy in be~cter off than other countries.

Q. Have yo1i found any f;Viaencc of cl.incrimination in the distribu,tion of tJNRPA ~U!>p] ics ouch n.s exists in Greece? ·

D. G. You assume; they eY.:i.s t in. Greece?

t;}. I read your wtDtvment there.

D. G. I have not received any com;)lainto at all of discrim:i.na.tion in Italy. We ha.ve rcc0, ~_ved them. of diRcrimination in other countries and we . .

have examined evury case and founa. they were always local, at a lov,er luvel of government , very much as what happened in our o-wn country during the re) ief period and W.P,A. a.ays.

Q. Has anything been ti.one by the: G1•0 -;;Jc government to prevE,nt this?

D. c.. Yes.

Q. I mem - to prevent this ha,pening in the first place rather than trying to cure it later.

D,G. WelJ, of course yon !:now how it j_s; it is very eaey f'or a local official to trans!:_'.r<::r.-is . Every case broucht to our o.ttcntion, which UNRRA brou.e:ht to t hi..; attention of the Grec"k GovQrnm<;nt ha(-\ been · corrected. I :,ad n coirr.ittee of t:be F.A.1'. in conference ~.nd they told me that thunselves.

Q. Coulcl y0u nay the.t the black ma:; k et ?ouch as you lnow it in Italy is an insignifioa.'1't factor in spoiJ :i.ng the Italian econor:i,y - that it is insigni:f'icnnt agElin"lt the help which UFRRA is giving ItaJy?

D.G. I woulan't Ha:r that any black r.1ark<..t j_n in.::dgnificant - I would say that it i;, V!hoJ 1.y undesirabJ e. It may be, a boil on your_ neck o:c it mny get right into you'!:' bloodstream, ancf I am a firm believer that there shoulc,_ be very drantic action talc<::n to c1.1r1) it, incJuc'ing our ovvn country. That in why I arn nn. forceful in getting n continuntion of O,P. A. in our country, but Jet's not stn.ri/ controversy hel.'e in . Rome where it cr.-n' t do much good, that

q. Do you th:i_nk thcJ.t Ita1 :i.am: in north and ~outh America coulr1 senD soMc­thing more than .jnst ·narcel s?

D. G, Ho,. because aJ l that is taken into consideration "\\'hen rnctking the ,shar0s. For exrunpJe, if somebody sends twenty fons of grain thiri mi.wt' be , "' '\•, consiC.ered :Ln arr·angin,g world distribution,

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Q. Ylhat do you think of the bathing buildings which a.re. being eroctod on a large scaJ.e :in every rusort; thos e builcliPi:f.! only. have a speculative value and do not i mprove t he si tun.tion'l

D. G. I agree .with you entirely and you can say ¢1yth:ing you like in my name about that system.

Q. Bathing establishments do not _r equire ce;mnt or iron vvhich e1:e neces sary for housa l)uilding. Therefore .it is no crime if something is built to enable people to go to the seaside and benefit their health,.

timber D.G., Let us admit that only ~ is required. This is as SC!;lJ:Ce .as

blond~s in Africa. Labour is scarce and so is tra11sport. The same thing ha.y?p0ns' :u1. New Yor~c. I criticized it at home B11d I cr:l-ticise it here . I don't like that sort of thing and vrhen I don't like soI11flthing I say so.,

Q. Roea.rding ruxr ;.1atorials that oannot be imported_ fr.om the .A.merioan 1:1arket suoh as synthetic rubber, will Ul'JR.'t.A try to intensify purchase [

D.G. We have no funds, I bolicw that purchases have been made for Italy 1 whore rubber is concerned, but as for building materials , wo have nono . ' We noYi havo to ste:p up house building for our veterans.

~. Do yon think a move will be made to introduce legidntion to the various UNP..Rl .. subscript:i,on countries who cont:i..mo_ sub scriptions to UICP .. A. ? I mo an, rlill you or U:NRRA or the U • s. make a mo\re to have fur-ther legislation passed in congress to cont:i.nlo UNf-u.l.A. ? •

D.G. I do not think that tho question of continuanco is an important one, but when ·will the funJ.s be availablo, I don't see how it would be possible before the first quarte1· in 1947 and if you get an interruption Ji;~erc the whoio thing is gone •

q_ Is the :inte1·ru.J?tion ,inevitable novir 'l

D.G. Yes. I think - lets see• the Canadian parliament is in session.

Comm. Jackson - The u.s. is the only one,

D.G. The United states is in Session - that right.

_Comni. Jackson - It is a v;\.tal one.

D.G. Scver..ty per cent.

Q. Vibat do you hoar 1n Washin3ton !lbout the possibility 9f a loan to Italy ? .•

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-8- • D,G. Do you mean a direct loan,?

Q, Yea.

D.G. I >.awn' t heard anything about that, I think they are negotiating a., sm.e 0110· with tho E:x.--port-I:nport bariJ:: and the, of couxsc, there is the lntornational bank fo:;:, r 0oonstruotion vrhich is no·.-r in process of formulation.

• Q, Tho re q_uo st was for 900,000, 000 I think.

D.G. Dollars?

Q, Yes, and a v~hile ago it vras cut Ji;o 4001000,000 by the budgot bureau,

D.G. A diroct loan?

Q, Yos • .

D,G. -That should be very helpful, I should think, if the ~terest rate is low. · Spoak:i.ns of loans, I should like to at1.d this: the :tntcrnationc~ bo.nk for rcoonstruction ma;;r bo a very helpful insti tuti·iJn and do a great deal of 0J"Ooc1., But the interest rate is still too high. Tho system o:f' socur:i.J.1g for0ir,n loans is 11.ot a. good systeri1 ; it amounts to sotting up an internatio~vm shop

Q, ~;bat ins ti tut ion will roplaco UNRRA. ?

D,G. I haw no precise information. assisting refugee s.

Pe-rhaps an . :i..nt~rnational body for

Q. What will happen to the International Instituto of Agriculture'?

D,G. It will be absorbed by the .P.ooc1. and J.:griouJ.tural Organization·, · I believe t ~1at ·we should h avo groat hopes in the Or~anization. It is a very import£JJ.1t thing we have achiovodo

Q• Do you think Italy is ,getting all the UNR."R..A help that it noed.s4>

D.G. No. No 001.mtry is getting all tho help tha.t i~ neod.s. It is getting all the holp that is possible under ava.iable resources.

Q. What pcrocnta.so of help that it needs is it gQtting,?

D.G. I don't !movr. It is getting a good sharo, but there is no liinit to what a country neeas.

Q. Do you think that the country is going to suffer when the U.N:1R.A prog1nur. ends?

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Q• Is thoro any ·uo:y of continuing that program ?

D. G. Not unless r,o .'.;at fun c7..s.

Q. Can you go t t:,.o funci.s from. tho ,A;·,10ricru1 Congress ?

:c.G. That• s right, anD. our Jongross Hill not 1)CJ in Session.

Q. Why o.;:on 1 t rcl:i.of ~u,d r,10dic.nl sorvioos unified with tho Red CDDss ?

D.c .• It isr: 't ,rorth it. The Red Cross is~ private organization,

Q. To ·you think that Italy will fincl it difficult to got petrol supplies?

D, G. 3vcr~·tI1ing do;1on 0.s on her ouc\:;ct; petrol rloc sn' t rain from tho · skic s, it has to ~)e ir1c;1orto Q•

Q. Will you ahi[\'/S help us ?

D.G. I v,ill rlo what I can.

Q. This is not a quostion relating to UNRRA.. I 3Jn asl-::ing only because t :1ero was so:-.10 slisht 1•oform,co in your speech to parliur11cnt yestor­ds,:,1 alons intcrnatio:.1al ?Oliticc.J. linos . The Itn.lian Pross -and the Itcl.ia.ns in .9-·cat rnmibors l.)j;e· seyinz thn.t 'i.'ricste ancl other terri­t orial divisions n.:re L,. contro.diction, diroct or irn~1lied to -prom.: .. ses , hm,0vc1· t)i[; o:;.~ a:1rph , made by yourself dwing the l?ropaga.nda tclks over tho r aclio durin[.'. thw v1ro.· and I wondei• if you o,m. S !)J' anything in o::c~,lanation or o'.1.a.r:U'ication. ? '

D.G • I wish I coulrl; tho;y --~ in oontra.u.iotion ..

Q. You saicl t}1.e.t cb:astic action s:1ould be taken against ·black markets 0\7'Gl'2·Y,hero . Ifove you said any thing about that to tho Prir,1e Minister or Italiruis here.? Do you think drastic action wil ~~ be taken ?

D.G. You will have to clrmv ~'OtU' o·>'m conclusions on what I said. You know my f\Jolil.1.f•;s in the 1~1attcr •

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.WIT.ED NATI.QNS RELIEF .AND REHABILITATION Allmr.tsTRATION • ITALY MISSION

FOR JlrliEDIATE RELEASE:

PUBLIC RELATIONS DIVISION 25 Juzy,1946

The following is the text of the speech broad.cast by the Director

~neral of UNRRA, Fiorello LaGuq;-cdie., fro:n Rome ~a.die, yeste:r.dey, Jul¥ 24jl946:

"Good weningJ This is friend LaG-1.l.ardia speaking~ . Po;;,- the first time I am priv-Jleged to speak d.i!-ect to ·i:;hc Italian ::_Jeople and on Italian soil and Q, r, vd:thout ·_ c."ir.l::- of cens~o .. I am very glo.d to have this opportunity, there are so ma.ny things I v,ant to sey • Un-, fortunately;, time at the m:i.cri..1.phcne is very limi·ced, just as it is with us in America,.

" I have found cond.itiom; in Italy bet·ter than I thought, bµt the problems are many a."'ld they really need ';he :full co-·ol?eration of the Italian Gove::-nment,., '

11 I know you are lnterestei to leorn what UNRHA is doing,., Well, we hD,ve t:r-ted to do as much as possible; but eve:i:-y~hing vve can do will never b~ enough~

11 UNRi.1.A. is an official agency or" 48 ;ynernnents and receives :f\mds fron:. the governments of t.hose coun:c:r.ies which have not been 1,nvaded. These funds represent one per cent of their na.tionc.l incomes~ The object is to bring !.Jolt ~· whe:r.e it is neededo The quota d.es·tined for Italy is 425.~ro :.::,:0CX) dollars~ So far 226;000_,000 dollars have been aelivered in the shape of goods,, food., machinery and all the othe:t' cof11II1odities c£ -which !tAl.y had greatest need ~ UNBRA ~fa& on 31 December 194-6, but unfortunately · needs will not end then. Noth:i.ng :'Ls knovm yet as to what will be done, but ili is certain ·chat Itazy needs aid and. succour.

" I am very pleased to see the co--opc'r'ation of the Itclian Govern­ment in the ·a.cliv·~ry of . grain to the runm,~s :.1io 1 :, 250;,00r· , tons of grain ha.Ye been d.~livcx-ed. i;o the rumri.as:so by the peasc.nts up to date, This is very aatisfactory and! ma.J add that it has n-i.ade a considerable impression i .n the United Sto.tese But there is :s-t:i.J..l rcuoh to be a.one, the-re is still 50 per ·cent of the grain to be de:.:i.voraa.., pnrticulG.r:!y be ca.use Sicily, Pi0&0~~ nud Lo.mba.rdy show figures which e.:re sor:1c.,hat di.s D.::_:,pointing.

n I appeal to the peasant::; and I ask then to bring their . wheat to the a..--mnassi, They ,i1U3t think of the iJL:90:::·Jcance of their action in the eyes, or other. na.tfon.s and especially of .America o.nd othex- countries T1hich send g-.ca;i.n to Italy.. Hov; can these countries be prepo.red -tro supply if they s(?e 'rtaJ..ia.n grain. escapo the amme.sso'? · The:ce is not · enough groin in the -wor.ld for 191+6•-1947 to m~et all requirement s 1 and therefore I appeal to everyone of you o.nd ask you to co--operate for the good of your country.

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• • If At lii.lo.I~, I t!4ked ...:t..Q....m.any -workmen and peas.ants and, judging--from. the questions-I v1as asked., I think it is my duty to explain to you ho\7 UNBRA is f'unotion:ing:

" tlNRRA delivers . all its supplies to the Italian Gcwe:mment f'ree of ch.urge, then the GQ vernment sells tlNRRA supplies, but the proceeds of such sales go to a sp,ciol fund. It is not UNBRA that takes this money o It is all f'or you, fpr the Italian people. I say,

you , beoo.use the Italian people is the Gove~nt. This special fund can only be touched to finance m)lf'are and essential services for the people.

" I. was asked today: ''Wl\Y do you not give tree wheat to the people instead of f'ree coal. to the i:mnuf a.oturcrs?"

11 I repeat: The Government sells the cool to the manufacturers o.nd the proceeds of these sales [!I> to the speoial fund. ·

" There is o.nother point I must J:Ulke clear before thswhole wrld.. Today, at the Press Conference, I was asked %ll8J\Y' questions ohout the blo.ck marketo I say, that it is not right to talk of the black rnrket for certain foods. The wheat which UNRRA gives to the Italian Govennent is sold not at a comnercial price, but at a ~litica.l price, that is to. scy, a price much lmver than cost. The 'bread bought on the black market represents the price of flour on the free .Darkct, that is to say the E?!! price of flour.

11 There is a dif:ference; in our country it is luxury articles mu.ch are on the blaek mnrket. It is not right to give the world the iI:Ipression tho.t in Italy advantage is being taken of the high prioe of bread for speculation purposes. That is not true. I hope that the G0vernment will ta.Ire the necessary steps to eBtablish adequate prices, both for vmeat and for pe.e-ta.:.

11 Another point I wish tQ mention, is the shortage of dwellings. I am told, and rightly, that mal1Y :premises are occupied by Allied military authorities and by foreign governments. I should not say so, but I will, · nevertheless: - the sooner the Allied forces leaf'& X'bQly, the better, - o I appeal to m:y goverrment nnd to every government to return oll requisitioned premises to Itnly, because Ito.ly urgently needs them., I hope that the represento.tives of foreign govern:ients are listening to me. AnyhC11v, don't vror-ry, my frien1s, if they nre not listening to oc this evening, they wi.11 · listen · ·. to me later 0no

" It is encouraging to see Italian workers, and I am happy to be nble to sey so9 to you. At this moment, Itnly has a great oppor,­tunity to sho,r the uorld whnt she can do, because oll the vrorld is looking at here Italy ho.s '!10'w7 set up n new Governrient in a new world. A governoent cannot perf'om miracles. It is composed of oen, and men are not r:dracle-workers. So, don't expect miracles. But I an certain that the Constituent Assenbly '7:i.11 give you a good governc.ent and I ar.1 also certain that the pm7er of governnent vr.i.11 reoain in the hands of the people. But let ne repeat, once ngain; the Governcent cnnnot perf'orn o:iracles and pnrlancntary speeches cannot fertilize th~ soilo

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11 ./l. countr-s-~s econor:iy can be oade to prosper only with the co-oper­ation of the peopl e . Italy has Ll8.l'\Y' advantages and the greatest is that it is inhabited by a hard working ro1d artistic people~ But it also has many disadvantages ~ it lacks coal, petrol and minerals, and all these deficiencies must be mot by Italian industrj" and Italian uorkcrs. This o.enns that r.10.nufa.cturers must be content ·with snnller profits and that workers :i:mst be :prepared to work conscientiouacy-G Only good-i7ill on both sides can heJ.p Italy.

11 I will not say tho.t the situation is iopossiblei. but I oust tell you frankly that for sooe time yet, perho.ps till 1947 or 1948 ii there will be dif't'icultics.,

11 It is to be hoped thc.t the sb.crifices of the I tnlian peo]?le uill be recognised at the Pence table and tho.t it uill be reocobettd that the Italian people did not went \7o:r1 and if it did, it uo.s certro.nly not wn.r on tlic side of the Nazis • .And the sooner we forget it, the better.

" .And so I leave you this evening. I do not know '7hen I can cooe back, but I assure you tho.t r:,:y thoughts uill not leo.ve the Italian people. And I an certain that Itnly "v7ill nan.."\ae to revive ns she has done before in history, and that she vr.i.11 rcsune her place &1.0nG the great nations of the worldp

11 Good evening, friends.

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1. The viait of the Director General ma4e it poaaibl.e to 'brin& to a hee4 cliaouuions and work on. the Poat--ONRRA perio4. The Bureau pmduoecl an estimated Italian Import Program tor 194-7, with an eat!lma.te4 balance ot MDUmta tor the same year. Thia waa reriao4 anc1. apamecl acoording to auggeationa by the Direoilor General and the Senior Dt,puty Director General, and wu placed in the Director General• a hand.a tor uae e.t Geneva. In ad4ition, this work spurred the Government to aimile.r etf'orta on its own behaJ.t. In a word, our ator., ia that Italy can tab oaro ot her Dl;POl't• (through exporta art4 loans) on the indwltrial 11ae, lNt roquiroa one more ~ c?f aubaic\Y to prevent the ~ion• dollar too4 import progra t:rca beoanillg a tint cle.!m on foreign uohange which •u1a be "pl.owd 'baok" into the in4u~triel oooncma,. .

2. The taot that the l!'ood Division in Washington baa ·•been 4ND1ing ua What they happen to ha.Te rather than what w _pu.,. on 0\11'1 progran bu thl'Om our wbole aupp4r buaget rather out ot kilter. We have sent ott aneral long oablea on this anc1. in addition have taken tho. matter up 'with the Smlior Deputy Dirootor General, when he wna k-ere. ·Because ot ·:the largo amounts ot tJNRRA mator.l.ala that have been clumped on Ita:cy-,. wa arc hard put to it to tind autf'ioiont tuna.a in the· food bwlgot with which to 'Wwhoat, the hishOet • priority item. The intention ia to take this matter up agaiD at~

:,. In the courao of his tou.r-c1.o.Y visit to Italy, tho Director General ha4 mi opportunity to alee the ectuel results ot tho UNRIU. aupply Pl'08l'Dlll. .A oomplete folder ot bo.sio intomation about requir<Denta anc1 distribution wu prepared tor tho use ot the Director General and member• ot his party; and roprosenta.ti.ves of the Buroo.u 800ampmlied him on quick inepeotion tripe to Kil= anc1 Sic:f.ly • ·

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4. J. :roorgcmuo.tion ot the Buremi wns t1eoomplishocl, the initial aho.nge being the r~vol df the Prosrma Ooorclina.tiola and Sto.tistics Division trm '

·the Sub-Bureau ot Supply' Operations to the atoll ot the ottice ot the ])eputy Ohiot ot lCiaaion tor Requiromcnta o.n4 Distribution, Md~ a&U.tion ot the Surplus Property m1d Proourcmient BrmJCh end. tho Prioo Ottice to that Division. fhc Supply Jooounting Branch, bowwer, rill remain in the Sub-Burelm at Supply Operations.

5. In aooordeme with arrengomenta JDB.dD BCDe months ago, llr. E. s. Iqmh 1a leo.ving the lliasion m14 ia raplaco4 as Chief' ot Sub-Burem.l ot ~ Opora.tiona }v' llr. w. G. Peteraon. .At tho acmo time, wo ore loaina the sorvico, ot Ool. W. J • Logg, who was Direcwr ot tho All:l.ocl Ocmnisaion' 11 J'oo4 Sub-ooaaiaaion anc1 tronat'Hrecl to tho UNRlU. Itollen lliaaion in JOIUJIJZY 1946 u Chiot of tho Sub-Bureau ot Rcliot Supply.. Ria ploco boa boen talcan by his ~ty, Col. J • Imrio, who has boon Jating Oh1et ot this Sub•Buroau ch1r1ng the two months Col. Legg baa beon in Engl.ond on sick leo.vo. •

Jal~IC!f. ,5!'_,lJ!FOR.l:!iR ~ 6. .An inorcmaed emphasis 1a being ploco4 on spoo4ing up the 41atri'but1cm ot aupplles aa indioatocl by i

(a) The o.as1grnent ot the .Asaiata:nt Ob1ot· of Burem to speoitia work on RegioMJ. and m..tribution problcu;

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(b) '!!he organization of a Regional Liaison Branch in the Sub-Bureau of Relief Supply to coordinate the work of Regional Supply Officers who are responsible for whatching and checking distribution of imported food.stuffs;

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(o) Issuance of instructions to regions on expansion of the distribut• ion of a,gricultural supplies, and the preparation of similar instructions on food and industrial materials;

(d) The arrival in Rome of the Distribution Control Unit of ERO to stuey distribution techniques and inspection on the ground..

( e) The two-da,y conference at Naples of the recently-fonned National Commission at which po-ccntiol and actual spoilage tmd deterioration of foodstuffs was examined and d.i.sposol instructions were immediately given.

PRICJNG

7. During July three meetings of the now-flouriijhing Joint Price Committee \7ere held. So far, prices have been established for 20 itans through the issuance of five fonnoJ. Price Decisions over the joint signatures of the Chief of Mission and the President of the Itolian Delegation; ond 10 more items arc scheduled for action at the first meeting 1n August. Two Sub--Oonmiitteos -- Agricultural and Medical -- hnve been set up, the first to stuczy- distribution costs of goods for which prices hnve been fixed, the second to stuey prices 0f penicillin and other med.icol supplies. The organization phase of this Committee is nov, over; there remains the more difficult (and more interesting) job of developing agreed standard criteria. for the pricing of UNBR.~ imports.

SURPLUS PROPERTY

8. Two Burcnu represent~tivcs o.re now in Paris for the purpose of inspect­ing ond procuring the Itolian Mission's she.re of the equipment of the Surprop stock;pile nnd o.rranging for its delivery. This Will consist 1!1D.in1y of the bo.dly-nccdcd CD.rgo handling and v1o..rehousc equipment vrhich is avo.ilo.ble.

FOOD AND AGEICULTURE .......__.___,.. - ·•-·--

9. The collection of 1,440,000 tons of wheo.t frora 1-29 July plus the o..rrivals of imported ccreru.s of 190,315 metric tons through 27 July brought relief from the cereals crisis nnd crco.tcd o. stook sufficient to maintain existing ration scoles for 108 days.

10. The question of consolidnting no.tional ration scolcs hns been raised in the first of o. series of joint conferences mth representatives of the High Commissioner for Food. Further progress depends on o.d.d.itional know­lodge of future supplies. · In this connection, o. recommendAtion ho.s been sent to the Prime Minister to consolidnte the Welfo.re Feeding Program with other ro.tion sco.los o.fter 31 August 1946.

TEXTILE PROGRl1M ___ ..,. ....,__ __ . __ 11. Grco.t progress ho.s been mo.do during tho month on the textile progrom. Since it is impossibJ 0 f o:r various c.->eonomic roe.sons to sell UNRRA cotton and vrool to industry o.nd expect relief goods o.t low prices to come out the other end, the new Government hn.s c.doptcd our long-stnnding recommendntion tho.t the matter be handled ~nd controlled by the Government throughout. Tho matcriol will be processed "on o.ccount" o.nd then distributed by the Govcnunent to special orgnniz~tions :_ about a third of it being distributed free. Within a few d.o.ys, about 8,060 tons of cotton \7111 begin to be processed, p~rticuln.rly into flr>J•!'lP.11':ltte for the layette progrom, sheeting for hospito.ls and domestic use, n.nd lo,,-cost shirting o.nd cotton dress mnteriol.

..

.. ., IN.OOSTRIAL REHABILITATION -3-

12. A highlight on the industriol side ~~tyf,\%1,Y-w.l~e strike of CIP (the Petroleum Distribution 0rganizo.tion)~1i commenced in Gonoa on 15 July. The distribu~ion of petroleum products was interrupted, although all except one of the incoming to.nkers were discharged. Action was taken immediately to impress the Itnlian Government with the need for prompt . measures, Dnd, after an unsuccessful attempt by them to persuo.d.a C.G.I.L~ •

( Itolio.n General Confedero.tion of Lo.bor and Industry) to call off the strike, on order was issued tor Italian Military Control. Negotiations were ngo.in resumed ond. a settlement wo.s reached. on 20 July, which granted increases of pey to the strikers to be oovered by small. :increases in the price of' petrol, kerosene and g~oil, with which the Mission concurred..

' 13, The world shortage of rubber olso co.usei some anxiety in the industxy and. it was feared that footories would be forced \o close dawn in Al,l.gust. An additional allocation of 2,000 tons of synthetic rubber has now eased tho situation. · ·

14. With the new and stronger Minister of Industry andi Oommerq!3, the Industrial Sub-Cormnission structure is be~.strengthened and. is proving ( as we hoped it would) the backbone of tbe system for allocating UNRRA industrial imports.

DISTRIBUTION OF NON::3fil!W:A: 5WPLIES

15. The distribution of sllpplies not :imported by UNRRA. ( especially medical supplies :imported by the Military la.st year and certain types of surplus property vth.ich have been turned ovor to the Italian Government) oontinues to be unsatisfactory. Wo took this matter up with the SDOO-, who a.greed nth our recommonda:b-ion that we should truce active steps on this matter with the Govemnent, even though they wore not goods specifically ~~ported by UNRRA.

16. Movement of UNBRA supplies wo.s occomplished without undue difficulty in spite of idle vmgons o.nd their l:iJllitcd avo.ilability due to severDl local strikes, a generol strike at Trioste, ond competition with heavy military demands in the No.plea area. Average daily lee.dings increasod to an Dll-high from 4-, 73 5 .~o 5,600 w o.gons. A survey of tho motor tro.nspoi-t operations of the Ito.lion Ministry of Transport hn.s been completed..

17. Port roceipt:sfor July amounted slightly over 1,000,000 tons, exceeding Juno by a.bout 4-50,000 tons, The congestion of the Port of Venice which occurred, due to the Trieste strike, ~as been handled, and the port is now olear.

RECORDS AND ADCOUNTING __. ........ ~ ....... -..-... -·--..... --.....

18, An inspection of the supply records and dooumcnto.tion of the ItoJ.io.n Mission wns mo.de by the Deputy Ohief Inspector Supply Records o.nd o. Field . Inspector from ERO. J,. dctniled stuey, of supply accounting procedure ond organizntion has been completed and n draft administrative order in clarifi­cation is in the process of being issued.

19. The procedure for procurement and budgeting has been clarified as between Supply and Firulnce ond Administration. The fonnula o.doptcd is t!'l!'..t tho Fina.nco and Administrc.tion budget takes all o.dministro.tive auppl5 us ll.nd ~"\l.\Oplioe for United Nations DE> Comps, except tho.t part of the f'o, ,:1,

. .._clothing tJ.ho... medical supplies which ha::. to bo bought with foreign exch~...gc. The supply bu~et, on the other hand, takes care of all matorio.l turp...:id over to the It~\. an Government, ;plus f,:,~;..--e::t/4h,~.lc! ond mod.::.00.l ... upf lies bow.ht m+-"" +'"o"'"l~ 0:.~0-~ 'tri'!" the ) Jnited Nat.:jo!'ls\ TT?'~ ., A prOCXidure

·, .

H-4--a --'Monthly Report, li-4-b i' " II

H-4-or 11 11

~ • It 11

Pro. Cool."d, & S'tat, Div, S/B of Relid:f Supply. S/B of SU_pply Operatians, S/B 0£ Induatrill.l Reha.bUi tetion.

•

b rw .. L'.3l'! d".;.'!'I IC.C '.to ~'IF.O a ~.t·;t ,I1na:i '!orlto ort;J- rm ,j"-t,4-ua •• aq u u u P.0·1 q (.. l! · or.1 .I.to· .. vf"-. 't eIJ.C<;( ,tft.OmrI'I~vo;) rr.n~.tI o. j- vo

O'I.:JL-.>')01:l J. .,.., 1 T(f p,-r() r:~.nW .ooj-..t.u • ,,rf.t ,')'! <"\;'!""' ,.. ,,fru~n'+ ..r+n;r j \urea

\ '

I L \

..

Appendix H:4-a. MO@¾X REi~RT OF THE PROGRAM COORDIN/ .. TIOU ST/~TISTICS DMSION

~-~&r-Ooordina ticn,.

1, In ooll:l.boro.tion With the Sub-Burea.ux• work has continued on the ooord.in..-i.tion of the final revisions of the Mission Import Program for 1946.

2, The revised Medical Import Progrora 1946 h.£1.s been finnlized and forwaltlec. to '\7:-.shington togei..l};lr vri th the X-Rey Import Program and the revined Medical nnd Sanitation SUp::.]y BuJ.get.

3. For the informf.'.ti,:m nnd g1.1 idnnce of the other interested Divisions, n SU.TJ:U&Ytry is being pr<::.~rua. first, of Governmental rogul:itiona nnd payroonto in connee:t1. ::in v.."i th 1 ::a i:iQ:>a:r.'t export t!'r_J.c, and seoond, of the V:!rious c-mtoorc~.n.l l'.gJ:-eem,mts into which Italy has enterod with other countries.

4-. The coordination of vari; ,us colil!ooroin1 matters in cormection with the Joint 11.u.visory Committee for Intcmnt;i.onal Comwrcc has boen oorried out.

5, Work is in propnrt?.tion on the osta.bliahnYJnt of ,;,. card-index system which will show in an accessible form the history, the Dmount progranmld to date 1:1.nd the qunntity o.rrived for each comm::,dity o• the progrrun.

.§..tn.tistics & Report:tns~ I

6. Sepe.ration from the Conmodity Accounting BraI\ch has fnoilitnted the work of the St::i.tistics Branch :in that sto.tistics no longer have to 'be reoorc!.oc1 in categories and. units specified by conmodity aoco\11\t­~ procedure.

\

7, \ The Stn.tis"t;ics Section ooi;!I)leted its tabulo.tion of all past ahip:rents nnd. a::rrive.ls, in term.<J of net metric tons so thnt it is ncwr on a.'.current r.n sis and cm supply compc.risona ef sli11Jmmto-w:tth pro­grrnmet1 quanti t:i.es fol:' rm;? :,er:i.oc1,. Prospective orrivnls are to.bulateo. on the bc.oia of in£or.nation 1-ur.1rding londings ::i.nd sn.ilin[.;s nnd are periodically curnmo.rized. A ship-by--ship tl:':bulr.. tion of nll supplies nrrived during the first 3ix month:; of 1946 ia mnrlng conplotion.

8, A otr-.tia.ticrJ. study is undorvmy to determine moro nccuro.te'.cy thn.n ho.s been possible Ro fc.r th0 t1.eveloproont of It~.lian i~ortn other ·thnn UNRRA or Iti~lj_roi Goverru~nt imports (ITD) Ital.inn Teah­nical Delegation 'E:xpenditures.

9. The Reports Section ho.a overocme most of the teahnical obstnol.ee in the we:y of a. quick ond. regular dissemination of pertinent sto.t­iatioB. A loosa-leed' oorvioo of R & D statistics was initiated ee.rly in Ju;ly nncl-is now be:1.ng sent out in over 100 copies for dis• tribution inside '\JNRR.A, to Italian ministries, Allied onibassies eto. Tho ll!lto.tistios ~ished include tc.lJulnted datn pcrtioont to the vnriod interestr.i of the Buren.u CJf R & D as well ns indiontions a.a to souroas of other dnta .not oupplied for general distribution.

I

Pr:h_c,ing, / /

lO, Among .. t~' newlu' assumed functions Qt tho Division is the tochnionl secr~tariat .,~f tba Jdint.?rioe Cc:mnittee (Price 0:ffioe). The work of · the Price. Offioe in tl\C :po.st ,. :roonth hn.a conoisted in the easio.bl.ishrent , of a pri.'oritj list of goods for which :prices must be sot, tho coordinntion of pcrtinen~ technical\ Inl:l.torio.1 supplied by the CQl:mo-.'lity D.ivisions, tho, nrrongem~nt,a for the a(rtun.l 1roctincs o.t which prices n.re di$ouasod o..nd 1

•

r'..grQc<l, ana'. the I ... ollow~up connected with a.11 tho phnaoa r1eporibed above. 1-

Ao a result, thrc;c mcotings wore hold. ?rices of 20 i toms wro agreed upon,; of Y.L-hich five haye been signed by the Chiof of the M\.ssion c.nd by tho P:ros:i.,h.~n.t of the Ifa.l.inn Delegation. in tho fonn of £'om£:" ?rioo

• Doaieianp. I Two. t O • e • t • . , . - ► ·.

CM 6562

,; ... r •~. I e

"'° 2 -

Sub-Cor.1mitteos, AcricuJ.ture.l and ModicaJ.J hav.::i boon sc~ up, t..l-1.c first to st~ d.i.st:ribution costs of goods for whic.½ prices have.• been fixed, the second to study pricvs of' p..:n.ici:1.lin and. other IIDdica.l supplies"'

11 ,, The nurmru. work was contirru.ed af r.wintain:i.ne liaison with the 31.l-~lus authorities and dis:;c.n:rl.n..~tin,g inf'oraation on availabilities to the opcrati."1.g div.Lsio:nso Ruprcsontativcs of this and otl-ir.3r divisions arc engaged ; n choosing the cc;:uipmcnt fror.i tho Paris Sur-.Jrop stockpile to which the: Italian Mission is cntitlrn:la

12~ A complete tabulation vvas a"Ule of all surplus goods procured to date~ a.nd. of +..hose v.td.ch haYc been handed CNer to the camps division. A ocrtoin amount of revision in these tables was 11.0cessary, as it has now been decided. that "exper,dabl01

i items s1'...all be credited not to the .Adr.rl.nisttatfare bu:t -co the Supply Bud.get.

13. J.. study of the Post-UNI-IBA problem in Italy has been made. This conto.i.iw special r,Jsca.:roh stuuies showing an 0s-d.r1."l.to of ItaJ.y1 s :Sn.lance of Pa;ymontc. for 194?, e.nd . .:m :malysis, pro?e.rc:1 in co-op~ration with the othe:r sub-bu.re.tu..x:, of the :im,?or~ roquirm:cnts fo:r the riU.tln comnoo.i-tiea for ni:;xt yoara It is uudo:rstoocl thc:c this vr.Juld be presented to + ... b.o F:i.fth Council Meeting in Geneva as an e.ppeniix to -t;,,.'le report of tbo Director Gcncre-1 .. ,. with whor.1 i·c was disCJ.tsscd dm:-:i..n.g his rcocnt vlsit to ~OLIOo

A stud:t ,w ,,1.most been cor.rplotca., icnurib:i,ne all thu. agencies • -~1-);i;: f.'t ;,... '·' - -lS now engagc::J. ln -tho il:1,port oporation for ItaJ.y.

OM 6562

VIN0ENT Cf!FJJCHT Dir~ctor

SUPPLY JULY 1946

1 • The mnnth brought relief from the cereal. criaia that ha4 beoa facing Italy in recent months. J~va.l.s of imported cereal.a to 27 July, in terms of wheat equivcl.ent, aL1ountcd to 190,315 motrio trm&, with a further 151107 tons signalled to arrive by 30 July. Ot this total aemo 67,000 tons were on beh.e.l.f' of programs other that UNRRA.. 1rom 1-20 July a total of 9~3,914 tons of wheat was brought to the AJDe.sai. the cereal. stock position as at 26 July shows sufficient to maintain Ital.7 on existing ration seal.es for a :period of 108 deys.

2. Imports of miscellaneous foodstuffs other than oereela emotmted to 29,460 tons, including 17 ,,367 tons of sugar, 3,840 tona ot wet sal.ted. codfish, 21847 tons of fat outs.

3• No final. decision has yet been reaohod as to vdwther tm Yeltere Feeding Program will oontime as such after 31 August 1946. Agree100nt 1 however, has been reached vztthin the Mission aa to ,

a) the desirability in existing circwnsta.noea ot oontiming sone form of welfare assistance in ld.nd af'ter that dai:etJ

'

b) the integration of the requirements for these assistance ration scales into the national distribution system under the control of the High OoIIIIlissioner for Food; end

c) the oont~ed use of the Italian Delegation's Provincial Wel:rere Conmittees as "certifying" authorities, am distribution e.getteies for the food. after they have recelve4 the requisite cpantitios through the Provincial Food ottioe.

J¼TIONING .

4. The first ·of the series of joint oont"erenoea with represent­atives of the High Conmissioner for Food on th'3 question of oonsolidatil!g national ration scales,. he.!i been held. At this conference it eoon beoai:o evi . ·nt that little further progress on this matter could be -.e until more ~ cs to future supplies. At present tha High 00111!'t missiowr for ood is not in a position to state whether or not the GovaX'nlOOnt will meke available sufficient foreign credit to pirchaao toed.stuffs abroad, e:nd/or lire to puroh.e.se ~ unoontrollod tooclatutta on tho h(m:;> marketo A decision was, howo"Te:' s· taken that a.a soon u possible equal.ization as botwcon North a...'1.d. South of oxisting scales nuat be agreed upon.

5. Material. progi.-css has boon maao ·cowa..""Cis the oloe.ring up ot t the black spots in regard. ·i:o spoiled e..,.--xl deteriorated f'oodstutts, 'rho recently formod National Commission in a two deys sGssion at Naple• me4o a complete examination of the accur.w.a·tion of spoiled good.a end goods in danger ot detor-lorationJ am. is::;uod instl·iJ.ctions on tho spot tor :1m:nec11at.o action for disposalo Genoa is scheduled as the next port to receive the attention of the Coimt-ssi.on., Total quru1tity of spoiled good.a torma but a er.ie.11 proportion of. total UNRRA ir.lports.

~IONAL LIAISON BRJJICH

6. During July th:1.s B:t.'anch was set up spoeifioal.ly to coordinate tho work at this HQ l~vcl of thu R~6l onal $u~ply Officers, mo a.re beir,a appointed for ru.l Regi ::,ns to wc.tch a:r:w::1 chcclr. ~he distribution nt UNRRA imported :f"oodstuf~s.,

I •

'"' _, t"'. -

• 7 ~ Ths bul2c of t:ie vrork during July was confined to the preparation of ~.aterial for the inst1,1ction of Rcgionn.l Supply Officers. Meetings were held w::tth the It.::.J..io.n Government anl agreement was reached on the activities of these Officcrc ::uid the tyres of reports to be submitted by them

J.®ICAL

8g :?aridng a.."l'.:1 c1.isia~ibution for the Third General Distribution (4l~6 tons) proceeds se:tisfe.c➔;::iri1yc To date 266 tons havo b1;;en dispatched to Regions and. <.U.stribution vrlll bs completed by 10 August 1946. In ad• dition 62 t,xi..c, of i!ti scclJ <''.Wo1.1s ocdical supplies have been distributed to Camps, Im.RRJ~ Progreras l.l.lld I i;aliu.n Delegation. Six tons of atabrina have also been distributede

9~ tt'ho cl.istribution of Hospital Units and Laboratories continues -1 200-Bed HcspitaJ.,fivc 40-Bcd Hospital Units Md four Italian Laboratories have been shipped during the month comprising a total tonnage of 42½ tons. Units a.vreitin,g shipment in the warehouse are one, ·40-Bed Hospital. Unit, four Italian Laboratories and eight No. 1 Laboratories.

10 .. Three complete X-Ra,y Units of e. total tonnage of 4 tons .ha.ve been ship-.1.1cd to l.fo.rche, Lomba.rd:ta and Toscana.

11., 20.,000 V'iA.1.s of Penicillin were distributed during July.

12. '.rht; 11BP.J.kan rnedical stocl:pile" and Military sU1'1)lus from Naples have been tre.nsfe1Tcd and in-v·cntory is now taking p=1.ace.

13., Little :,,!"" the iterr1s required for the So.rdinian Malaria Eradication Proer3.m have been received sinco the JtL"lO re:Qort. Shipment has been ar-ro.nge(l for 307 tens of DI1r EU1nls:1.on or...d 4 out·board motor boats which arrived recently.

CCTTSU!lf&'<. GOODS

·16., During J·u.ly a. f}lrlhcr qua."1.tity or novr clothing has been received .from G:reat Brito.i.n E1.n'1 released to United Natior..s lDl? Camps. Latest information f'rcn Wash .. i.ngton includes prom:i.se of shipment of', the balance of new clothine .i"rcu tho s:,--..aJ.l JJ.baninn d.i.vet-siono J..s a result, United Nations DPs p:xli1r.d.no.17'~ a.cclnra:t.ion of su.cylus iteL1s remaining from the Brindisi otocl;pilc aoooptanoc Yrlll be modified and. the rev:iced surpluses will be maclo a.vai.10:blc to ltelian DPso

17 o Rcr-l progrcos has been Lwrlc on tho developmen.t- of a.n overall plan for tho use of raw matc1·:i.al.s for toxtileso It ri..a.s been agreed tentatively that pending the roceipt or all th~ neceseorJ statistical data, a first quantity of 8,200 tons of co·~ton clu>.J.l be put into marru.fa.cture. Priority will be given to flnnneletto for babics1 loyettes., sheeting for hospiteJ.s and domestic uso i chirting e.nd cotton dross r.te.toriel1> The necessary steps e.r0 bcine truccn tn obte.in o. prelin.i.iU'l-ry alloca.tion from the Lira Fund to finance this 1:ie.iruf acturo. Plor .. ning is bl'.scd on the assumption that e..pprox:i.nmtoly one third of' the total cr.ianti·i;y of finished. cotton goods will be dietr-J.b-:.1tcd f'reo and that the solo price of the remainder, vm:ile very low~ m.J..1 be sufficient to cover the nanuf e.cturing cost of the goods for free dis-tr-.lbutiono

BLANKETS IDR UNrrET' NATI011'9 1)P 0AHPS _..,.__ ... -..

18. wn, Udine., 1.r.e;iJ"c expressed their ren.diness in ,;,rinoiple to excho..vige 60 JOOO wool blo.n!rnts, a part of t1,~;, r s1 1ri:>lus holdings, against raw cotton or wool. De ~ails of the e.,,_..,, ....age are being workod out.

au 65611-

-~

,·

• -3-

LAYETTE PROGRAM

19. Concrete proposals for the f'Urnishing of over 3001000 blankets for the Layette Program have been submitted. The plan includes the re­cutting of almost all the good. woqllen bla.riol.ts still held by ICE(Istituto Commercio Estero .. Foreign Trade ±nsti tute) in Government warehouses.

month :

l.NALYSIS DIVISION

20. The followi.11g studies and reports have been ma.de durirl& the

(a) Notes on the black market in f'ood.stutta. (b) Monthly report on the rationing position and food coat in tho

principal Italian cities of over 300,000 inhabitants (June).

! cl Stuey on maat and dairy products situation. e. Ste.teioont on food position in Ita'.cy as of 1 Juno 1946. e Present ration scale and food position in Italy. t Fo:rece.st of the be.lance of trade for food, bOOD produoed

fibers and r:iea.na of agrioulturnl prod.uotion in 1947.

21. !na:cyticel studies of the following he.ve been ce.rried out a

(a) Distribution costs in oonneotion with the fixing of pri~s f.or agricultural supplies.

(b) The requircioonts for petroleum products f'or agriculture Md fisheries.

( c) RB<¢rernents of fertilizers for the fell of 1946 and the spring of 1947.

( d) Revised re~rerents for fa.rm ca.chiner.y, seeds, end pesticides.

1.GRICULTmm DIVISION

22 41 During the early part of the month, dry hot wea:thei- prevailed in North e.nl Central Italy. Later, there were several storms with rain in the north and som wind an:l he..il. There was less rain in Central Ita.zy where the crops are beginning to show lack of' moisture. In SO\lthern Italy, the woather was generally dry with soma rainfall in .Abruzzi. Heil storms have damaged crops in some provinoes.

23. The cutting of f'aJ.1 wheat is practically over except in the mountain zones. Threshing is continuing at a good pace am. the delivery to tho emassi is progressing very well in most parts, especially 1n Emilia, Marc.he am. Vonoto. The amassing is disappointing in Sicily en:l only fair · in South Italy, Lombardi.a and Piemonto. The total amount of wheat reported. collected up to 29 July is 1,440,000 tons.

24. The prospocti vc crop of sugar beets eni potatoes ia exoellcmt. Leguoos ha.vo boon w:i.doly d.aL1agod by aphids. Tomatoes and tobacco, espeaie.11.y in Puglia, show signs of raoisturo d.ef'icienay. On the whole, vinas an:1 fruit trees are in good conclition. In sam parts, olives have fallen owing to lack of moisture. ·

25. About ~7,631 tons of agricultural supplies end raw materie.ls for agriou.tt.ural su1}l}lios hrol:c:·rce.ohod.:Itili.an:.--ports during July. In addition, 21 t ·ons of sodium arsonito have beon reooived am. stookpiled in the UNRRA Medi l;orra.a->a..."1 Rosei;.."V"e Pool of Inaeoticid.ee in Naples.

- 4 - • 26. Allocations of petrol for Fisheries have been largcrly increased. For the oonth of J.,ugu.st the foll~ allotments 'bavo been obta.inod : diesel oil - TF/o, kerosene - 93%, and ga.solene - ~ of maxiraJm requirements. This will allow thG fis.hoITJCn to work fror.1 16 to 18 deys during August

1 and will be an e.ppreciablo inoreP.se in the total. catch ·

available for food..

27 c Sardinia, Sicily e.nd the South of Italy were visited through the month by Field Spocla1~1.sts in an endeavor to speea. up threshing and amassi1,e of cereals, an1. to aheck the distribution of UNRRA supplies. Agriaultural Machinery li'iold O:f'fioials suporvized tho assembly of combines in Foggia, Salerno, Grosseto en:1 Pie.cenza, and ere still giving instructions in assembly and maintenance. Visits ·were made by the Fisheries Spoa:talist to ooordina.to the work being d.ono in Pior.:ionte for the improvoroont of mountain pastures and the reoonstruotion of t10Untain sholtors.

.. '

J. n.mIE Acting Chief

Sub-Bureau of Rolief' Supply ·

• APPENDIX H..J+.-o

MONTHLY REPOR'.C OF THE SUB-BUREAU OF S. OPERA'.CIONS FOR

;y 1246

DIVISiorr OF INLAND TRANSFORr

1. There have been no major rail operational ditf'iculties dUJ"ing July. The repairs to the Arnoldsteen Bridge, near the It.ah-Austrian bprder, necessitated by June storm damage, were ocmpleted by 14 July and the Udine-Vi.llach line resumed operation on a reetnoted scale.

2. Limited wagon availability was the· most orltioal · element handicapping mov~men~ by rail during the month~ Several taotors combined to decrease availability and limit ear distribution. u,oal etrikes aff'eoting various industrial organizations delayed off-l~dings, the general strike at·:Trieste held loaded and erqpty wagons idle and the extended tum-round on traffic re-rout~d via Bretmer during the first half of Ju].y h.9:d serious cumulative effects. In addition, average daily loo.dings ;i.~reased from 4. 73'5 wagonBduring June to 5,600 which is the highest average attained to date. However~ with the e:xoeption of · traf'fio moving out of the Naples-Bagnell area, . movement of UNRR,A suppiiesi has been avcomplished without undue dif-ficulty. In the Naples area civil movement is foroed to compete with a heavy program o:f military loadings and it has l;>een necessary to request military authQri ties to modify their wagon denands to enable the It~tlian State Railw:a.;1 to meet port_ clearance oorrmitments.

! 3. The survey of motor transport operations of truck pools under the control o:f the Italian Ministry of · Transport has been completed. Data aocunrulated and·at¢.J.yzed covers operations for the first quarter and will be extended indef'ipi tely to maintain up-to-date infonnation on the overall road traf,fio' situation. Inves,t;igat~on of utilization and non-operation indic~te~ operational. tonnage availability still e:xoeeds requirements. AneJ.ysis of causes contributing to this condi• tion is in process. ·· · '

\ ... . ·'·

4. As the result of· pre~iling but to date unsubstantiated criticism of POL distribution a.ncl allocation, . it' has been considered advisable to undertake a . qomprehensi ve study of POL requirements by ~egiona based on the vehicie census, now complete, and requirements fo~ essential supply movement. This should be finished durtng August.

; ' r

DIVISION OF PORTS .AND 'SR!PPING

et. The increased how of supplies .anticipated for the · second half of the year is reflected ' in July receipts of slightly over 11000.,000 tons. This e:xoeeds June figures by about 450,000 tons' and represents aoceptance and total or partial discharge of 151 vessels. · Advance loading infonna­tion indicates a conti~ued upward trend for Aug'ust arrivals which, in view of the heavy coal prog:i;-am ex the US are expected: to exceed one million tons.

6. , A detailed survey of cargo handling a.'nd miscellaneous equipment requirements was completed for all west coast Italian and Sicilia.fi ports and e,rrangements are being made with the Italian G-Overnment Agemy reoei ving Allied Military surplus to re~ase relevant hol~ings against priorities est.blished in · conjunct:i,.on vtj. th the Ministry of Marine. In ad.di ti-on, a representative from this Division has been sent to Paris to inspeot, procure and arrange for. deli very of oargo handling and warehouse equipment available within the ETO, surplus allooation for Italy.

7 • Subsmantial clearing of !faples warehouses was effeoted during July. Inventories were reduced by approximately 12,000 tons and out-loadin,g:s were •rnaintaincd in exoess of intake. This oleara.nce has been materially

0.! 6574 ./.

\ . ' .

.... .

• assisted by action taken to :i.nsure adc...quate provision of rail wagons and proper movement priority. Genoa is badly over crowded with cotton which it ha.fl been impossible to move out of the port as fast as discharged. All available suitable spaoe has been used in the port area and a large amount of ootton is nm1 under tarpaulins on the docks and in lighters. Additional speoe at Savona has been obtained which will aocanodate 19,000 bales and warehouse availability in the Milan area is being checked.

8. The general strike at '.!.'rieste neoessitated the diversion of' 11 e."iips, stemmed for Austria and Yogoslavia, to Venice and sane congestion resulted. However all this cargo vm.s handled for these Northern Missions without grea~ difficulty during the strike period and Venice is now olear.

DIVISION OF LOCAL RESOURCES

9. July Intennission Trado shipnents consisted of 300 ton's ~r ··~alfa seed and 12 sample fishing lamps to Greece and 200 tons of alfalfa seed to the Ukraine.

10. Negotiatio:is in prooess:

a) anti-snake serum for Albania .

b) carbon bisulp~de for Austria, .AJ.bania and. Yugoslavia

D) 5 tons lotus oorni ~ulA tus for Greece.

11. N~gotiations in initi 1l stages:

a.) 1,000 plow shares for the Dodecanese

b) 200 - 300 tons alf!·.lfa seed for unspeoi:t'ied destinations

o) 8,000 tons sulphui· for Czeohoslovalda.

a) Exchange of 50,000 tons of Italian seed wheat for an equal. qua.nticy of Il'.illi: 1g wheo.t plus bonus to be agreed upon,

b) Diesel ,spare part: · for Albruiia

o) Electrical e~pmc~t for the Lodeoanese

d) Exportation possil: ilities for surplus fruits e.nd vegetable-s;

13, Several discussions hwe ,been 1-a~ with the Division of Fina.nee with reg•ird to procedure for , rediting the Italian Government in free fwds for local procurements m '.de for export to other Missions. It 1s hoped that with closer liaison betwetn this Division and the Division of Finance ~ents will go through automE tically as suppliers' invoices are received,

14,. The Sti,".'plUf.' Procurement Branch was trarylferred from the Division of Looal .Resources to the Division of Program Coordination.

1• '" I

SUPPLY AO00UNrING ___ ... .. ...... -.... ------15. A. series of meetings wcxe held with Mr. Cordey and Mr. Robertson, Deputy Chief Inspootor Supply REcords and Field Inspeotor, respectively, from ERO, in c;onnecaon with a. complete inspection of supply records and documentation of the Iti=ili<>.. .... v;f sion, A detailed stl.Jd¥ has been completed covering existing procedure ano. status of records both as to gene:re.l supply accounting organization a..'1d to E ?ecif'70 _!)ro")lems ref erenoe shipping, R>L,

(l{ 6574

-\

looal and miscellaneous procurement and documentation backlog. Mr, Cordey agreed to at'terr(?t to obtain clarification in ERO refereroe outstanding problems af:'ooting shipping and POL dooumento. tiort and to support our request tor the immediate recruitment of a Supply Records Officer.

16. The inspectors ruled tba·t under ERO directives ultimate responsi-bility for all Supply Accounting rests with the Sub-Bureau of Supply Operations. Discussions are n0\7 undervmy to determine to what extent centralization of Italian Mission Supply Aocountinz tunctions· is possible or advantageous antl what personnel and procedures would be required.

17. Commodity Aooounting Section has been redesignated "S~'Pply Accounting Section" and will be with.drawn :6.rom the Division of Program Coordination and established as a staff office under Sub-Bureau of Supply Operations.

,.,,.. ,,.,,...., ' •.. t

EdWaro s. l.zynoh, Chief, Sub-Bureau of

Supply Operations.

.

• MON'.fflLY REPORT OF THE SUB-BUREAU OF

INDUSTRIAL RE:fiABILITA1'ION FOR~~

1, The chief event of the month was the arrival ot the Director General on 21 July. A dossier on industrial rehabilitation in Italy was prepared for his information and he also made a brief trip to Milan where he visited the Breda and Falck plants.

2, The latest figures available show that the production of iron and steel has i:ncreased since last reported; the figures concerned are as follo.vs:

Pig Iron,., . Steel . -- · April May. f June. -April :·. ·· 1.llay June

North Italy 9,515 15.,634 18,9.}7 67,113 75,915 71+.,376 Central & South Italy - - - 14,587 19,746 20,153

9,515 15,634 18,937 81,700 95,661 94;529

3, The production of Sardinian coal during June was 78,975 tons; the average production per day was 3,291 with a total average_ number of underground workers of 5,963, which gives an average production of o. 551 tona per man/ day.

4. The production of lignite for the month was close to 180,000 tons. Lead prodpction during June (latest available figure) was 952 tons and the production of zinc continued at a rate of 6oo tons. per month •

.5- Much anxiety has been :felt during the past six weeks in the rubber industry.- The world situation of rubber availabilities is very tight particularly With regard to synthetic nibber and it was feared that the Italian factories vrould have to close down in August due to non arrivals. This Mission requested Washington that a constant percentage of synthetic to crude rubber should be maintained in all shipments so that factories would work to a constant percentage "mix" and thereby obtain maximum production. The general situation is now considerably eased as we have been informed that an allocation of 2,000 tons of synthetic rubber has . been made to the Italian Delegation in Washington for shipment in equal quantities in July, August and September and that this allocation will not affect tha UNRRA program. '

6. Revisions continue to be made in the Chemical Import Program., in which notably the quantity of oolophony has been drastically reduced on account of the poor prospects of ob;taining the associated tats and oils for soap manufacture.

7. Regarding superphosphate, energetic action taken last March bas resulted in a continued high volume of delivery of phosphate rook from North .A:frica. so that against a total program to date or 218,000 tons,. 181,00< or 63%, have been supplied to the industry. Unfortunately for various reasons nothi..TJ.g like a corresponding output of 75 • 80,000 tons ot · superpbosphate monthly has been forthcoming, the actual figure being in the .neighborhood of Z.0,000 tons.

8. The month of July has seen considerably increased a.oti vi ty in the food processing industries. Samples of the first shipment of 4, 90} tons of copra are now being processed and various types of margarines are being made to decide which type will be generally produced. It is anticipated that full production will comme:nce in September, the entire production

CM 6575 ./.

• beig for t'ood ptr poses with the by-products being put at the disposal of the High Oanrnissioner for Food and the Ministry of' Industry and Oonmeroe.

9. .It has been decided. that a total· of 60,000 tons of national sugar will go to industry; of this quantity 7,000 tons ,vill be al:i..oc 'l.:iiea. to phannaoeutical and dietetic products, 5,000 t'ons for milk and 30,000 tons for jam and manna.lades.

• 10. The distribution of petroleum products was interrupted during the month by a sudden strike of CIP Comitato Ital.lane Petroli - Italian Pet~ol Committee e111ployee s at Geno n on 15 July, ,;rhioh became ef:t' erJ ;;.;__ v'e over tne whole country the f' 0llowing day• During the periocl. o:!' st,:,ike 1.nc:cming tankers were dischaT~$<a. with the exception of the SS "Ka.raten Wa.'1g11 ¥rl th 1001000 barrels of Fuel bil at -Genoa V1herc the strikers refused to handle the ship and 'this caused a hcuvy bill for demurrage.

11. The strikers did not interrupt deliveries to the Allied A.lTlled Forces nor 1b the :arltish and .Amerloan F.mbass:.es, but all Italian ·a.hd. · other categories of civilian consumers including UNRRA were unable to obtain supplies of FOL.

12. Owing to the serious oonsequenocs which would fdllow a prolonged cessation of FOL deliveries action was immediately taken to impress on the Italian Government tl1e necessity for energetic and prcmpt measures to secure a settlement of the dispute and the return to work of all the strikers.

13. The Government after being unsuccessful in making the OOIL oa.11 off the at~e issued an order placing all the petroleum installations \Dlder Ital.inn Mili tacy control and calling, und.er penalty of fines and imprisonment for refusal, on all key personnel, to distribute POL to essential services and to UNRRA. The latter part of ·thi.s order was effeo-ti ve in only some districts and it was not until Saturday morning, 20 July thnt ·tn,rc-u;,;~ ROI:X.} wo.o · nb~- to .. obttdn o. snn.11 qunnti:tf''of -l,J(ltrol. • : ~ '!. ! . ., f \ , ' • ~ ; • - • • "• • • • -:. .,,,, . , . • .. ·1 . . )

l~. :J:tcr i::iouinc this order tho Govornr.).'Jflt "rigain ~aold..up 11.ego-ciu:f.Qna witJi the strikcro'. :representatives and an agreem:mt was reached late on Saturday 20 July. This o..greement provided for increases of pay to the strilrers wh;;.ch will be passed on to the oonsUIOOr throtl.gh an increase in price of pet~ol of two lire per liter nni of ~ro~ne and Ge.soil of two lire per kilor:;rrun n.s f'rom l August 1946. ·

ex 6575

Bl'\11'10 Luzzatto,· Chief, Sub-Bureau of

Industrial Rehabili ta:t:1.on.

•

(5116) Wl24HOJ2+0'8 ·10,000 8/44

C&SLtd ~736/208

11•C11MEAN)

CNe&-~-•

Reference ................... .. .................. ............ ..................... ... .

/7/K/Y£

.,

✓ • H-5. -M.ON'l'~~y REPORT OF THE BtlnFAU OF FINANCE lJID AllUNJ.sTRATION

- · . . . · · -:- ·• - ... . .. FOR JULY 194.6 - . ...... .. .... .... . . . ........ . ., .... ....... . , REL.A,TIO~SHIP \/ITH TijE GOVERNMENT. ,.,_ •· I ••••~. ,

1. Following upon decisions reached nt the Fifth meeting ot tho· . r joint tn-lR.t1A-Itulinn 0-ove~nment Lire Flri Control Canmittee o 0--- , ... ~ om 12 July 1946, the recommendations set out in sub-pa:::-ngrlp -(o) to (o) below wore mode to the Chief of Mission ond the fresi-clcnt of the Itolion Governncnt Delegation ror relo.tions with DNR:P.r••

• (o) Thnt on ndditioml amount of Ltt. 1. 481,150,000 be al-lotted to the lilgh Ccmmissioner far Public Hor.1th ntrl Iiygicne, This sum together \•ith the 'Lit. 18,850,000 recommended on 28 June 1946 v1ill constituti, on odvnnce of Lit. 1,500,000,000 ogo inst the budget of Li~. 3,j68,500,ooo in respect of their rro6r.~m of mediool relief' und reh:lbil:i.tL1t:~on. (A joint sub-committee is examining this budget in detail)• ·

. .

(b) That ~it. 23,041,000 be allotted to tho ' OiiSAS (Comito to A~inistaotive Socoorso di Scnzntetto- Administrative Committee to Aid the Homolnss) rehollsing progr:.m to cc.i\rer the p1u·r'.i1Dse of one cor ond 50 joepo plus Rpnrc p~rts, by the Itnlin·!"t l.:C1ur~ntion for aocoumt of c:.SAS. This omo~.1.t is included :in n c~·..s.:..s supplo-mcntory tronsport budget doted 9 j-uly 194~, totnlllng L:i.t. 167,066,000. lt hncl b~en Clgreed ot the Joint COTT\lrr!.ttco meeting on 8 March 194.6 that the purch.ise of transport fm• C..~S~',!j y,ould be n dollur exponso, no thn t the new reoomt'~n::o l: .~cn :cc:;:-;r0scn·ts o savil'l6 o:f' dolfors mnde pos::dble by cht;rngod c:ir.:iumstancos whioh huvo emblod th .. , 0r~uni?.,.::\ ·bfon to m~et this commitment of Lil.~e.

(o) That Lit. 500,000,000 be nllott~ to the Hinistry of the Troosur:: for subsidi:zi1.ng lignite, browri coal nnd fbrcininn oool production over the pcd.od 1 M'1rch to 30 Juno 191~6. This orose out of on ec:rlier UP).'•Jcment between UNRRA nnd the Govern­raont to the e::'fect tlrit 11.grite ond ·orO'irn conl prochotion would be zn::)s~.dized over the perJ_c<l stated 11t the rote of J,it. 500 per ton while the subsidy for Sorditrl.:,n CO,'.!l v,otlld be LH. 1,000 per -~ .. )n, l:.f'ter 30 June o new invcstier.tion qf· production costs and prices of imported cool v.os to be coITie3 out~

2.,. J.t the Sixth meeting of the Lire 1',und Control Committee on 31 July the following recormnendo.tion wns · .Ogl,"e~d:

(o) That on. odvnnoe ctf Lit, 155,000,000 be m.'llde to tho Fcuorozione dei Oonsorzi 1:.grori (Foderntion of .Agrtl,oult~l In­stitutes) by thorn in connection with the "P" plnn of the U'NRRA. Welfare program covering July :url :lugtfot 1 946. The claim of •the Federazione far Lit. 249,686,776 -under the "F" nnd 11 o•t .. pl.nm is being e:xnmined by the joint sub-committoe formed for this purpose ofl!l o report to the Lire Fund Control Ocrnmitt;eo is expected 11: the noor fu:t7uro~

;.. .' The :following Joint Sub-Qommittees ,7ere set up by ~he Lir•e F'und Oontr()l Ca-.-11n.ittee1 in addition to those previously referred· to: · · · ·

. (o) 'Tp examine the b.tidget oovm;-ing the ulloootion -of thCJ S\l,Jll of Lit. 500,boo,ooo for the Sordirrlnn ii.nti-G:ross,;. hopper compo ign. · · .. · - .

· (b) To exn1nino· tho budget omounting to Lit. 81, 166,925 pr4ilpored .by tho !U.nistry of Post-Wnr Ji.as-i~tonoe to oo-ver the ooet

. ·.' . of mnufooture . of oorton .pr_oduc~s ,frcm \~e row ootton imported by UNRRA, . . . .i. I .•

4 •. . A ·report ·v,c~ ~-e~ndttec1 by ICE. C+s~ituto Canrnorofo· Estero­Foreign ~d:-; Institute) on UNRR/. ocmnoditiee sold duriog Moy 1946., · o s f'ollovra:

' . ..

.. • ·1'> _,_

(a) The of'fice of Econoinio Anolysis ond Reports ho.s been aboli­shed.,. and in its plnee n Division of Operatioml L.nolysis hos been reoonstituted. The position of Economic Adviser ms been merged with thnt of the Director of this Dj_vision.., ond he will report to the Chief of Mission direct, The Division consists of un F,oanomic Amlysis Brnnoh and u Reports Brench,

PROBLDIB.

1 O, J\.s stotea in the lo.st two monthly reports (Moy H-6, Paro. 8., om June H-6, Paro, 282), a dincroV,J.ncy exb'i;,'l.i·betwf.lon ER(O'· figures of Army pny D.nd c.llow.:.nces, ond the officer's ~rbntement given -0n his secondment to Ul~UY., Cl~rificotian is still ow~itea,

11. Interpretntion of' Clause No, 551.2 of the fosio Field M.nnuel is oousihg con.n:idcroblc con:,u.sion., Previously the policy h'ls been thnt emp:.i.cyoeB c.;.•o ent5.tl0J. to o cnsh. aN;tle.r:..o?.J,t eqni\.,nlent to, ani in lifJU of, tho cost of' repat,:5.ut:1.o:n. Instruotion.9 hov e now been recf?tved f'rorn F::RO thnt this cJAt:.se is being nmcmed.~ nnd tlnt no furtl:er sirnilor notion is to be tnken pending clarification from Washington on the whole position.

12, Stnff' problems h..•we arisen in oomection with the supply . of Foreign Exchange to tm"miMted per~onnel, personnel proceeding outside the Mission on lenYe or on duty. In maey onses 1rravel• lers 1 Cheques cannot be used, ·

13, The question of supplying cnsh to personnel om leove from other Missions is onothe:c probJ.em, Vf8itn hnve been rooe:1.ved from members of oth~r. l~i<Jsi -:ns, ond alth,Jrr.gh their· poy· books show credits, in view of the 5.~st.r-uot1.ons pl'v!"tYL"t.'..gid;ccl in ERO Coble No. 1787, which l~i,l down thot si:.].nry wdhlr.m,nls con.T1ot be m:>.de in the country in whioh lcuve is taken, they were unoble to draw ocy money whntsoevcr,

14, Vnrious problems have ~risen with regard to so.lary nllot• ments, especiully in the case of emyloyees of other than Ameri• onn or British mtfomli.'l:y, It is hoped toot the Director of Accounts moy bo oblo to olecr all the foregoing problems during his impending visit to the ETW-

Mfi.JOR ACTIVITIES Q_UilP~1fI'..:.J1!:!D PROPOS.ED.

15t Du:t'ing the month 4-8 tr,:ii'fio nccidcnts were reported, invol• ving 11 fntnlities uncl giving rise to 10 cloims ·agninst UNRRA. In addition to n number of oases of minor illness cmong Closs II employees, 10 serious coses P..nve been denlt with by the Istituto Cossa 1blnttie, whioh ndministers the Stnt~ Sickness Insuronoe Schane, '

16, A reorgonizntiori of oertoin phases of the work pf the T.r:eosury Bronoh hns token pL'\ce. '.1.'he system of disbursement nm collection of cosh nt the 1·NRHA goroges hns been revised, nnd os o. result the Audit Bronoh hns been relieved of much of thfE d.etoil work previously undertaken\ A new !.'1lprest Puna hns been opened in antioipo tion of the toking over of Cineoi ttn Cnmp ft'an the military .on 1 August, This will be handled by o. Represen­tative of the Treasury Bronch.

17, Pbisicol inventories of oll non-expendible odminist:rotive property, includ'i,ng vehicles, to which the Administration retr.ins title ns ·of 30 June 1946 bo.ve beon or aro in process of being 171lldQ. These will be submitted to Accounts Division for insertion of oost., nnd ultimate transmitto.l to :&10 . in accordance with teoh• niool Instruction No, 1 (Genero.l Ser-,,.en)-.. '

18, Duri~ July the Quortermostet" Brnnoh issued oppro,cinw.tel.y: . \ . l' ,'

33, 206 Closs I Stoff &.tions 20, 421 Servants Iw.ti )rlS .

59, 339 CJ.nss II Staff non-hoovy lbtions 20., 118 CJnns IT. Stoff' honvy P..'3ti.ons

8, 280 Procesn'lng Secticn's Fi,ctory Rotbns 1, ··4,00 Snock Bor Ro Hons.

New "1C1as I Steff retion soales were introdu.ced during the month. They arCl now udjucted to provide t'or adult.s, children 2-8 ond children a .. 14. . -19.. The odjustment of Closs I St.:iff Sola.ries, in oooordanoe with· mo t.dm1nistr::itive Orde~.~ No• 8 ... 160 onl Otrculor Coble No, 25, Ms been completed,. iL chcc1k on the files of oll Closs I stoff hns been completed, end o ~oco~d se~ up to cover PI, photogrcph, refe~ .remee, mediocl ocrtif'::..cotes, nn1 also Army releose papers onl se-condment oortifiootes where those npply. ·

20. The purchc.se of jocps for the tJNBRA-c!~St-.S p~ojoct mentio-ned in the Juno Report (H-6, Pl.1;;:o, 26) bn:, coosea, nnd it hus been decided th'l t C.i:..Si~S will obto.in the bnlr.nco tlwmselves, The l~mi• nistrotion h'ls mnd~ 37 jeeps nv::\ilr:be to OAS11S ,ot: 40 os stated in lost month's report .. r,nd the rur:1-'.'.lini.rJ.g 53 w3°11" be ooq,.d.x-cd by C:i&1.S direct. One lmnc:lred fH'ty-s1x lrcd-oorr~.crs linve bocn ob• to ined fi•om ruJi' souNcs for the UNRR'I.-C1'Si\.S project,, o.nd they ore oll out in the field ond workir,.g,

21. The Mission Conference Secretnrint·hns covered 12 conferen• oes during the month imrolving z.,.7.-:!: socret!lry .. hott."'a of oon'cl.m,.ous reporting . servioo to vnrious ERO r.in..::i. Vfoshin3ton officinls v1 .. ::·iting the Mission, ns woll ns to differont sections within the :Mission on relief ossignncnts,

PERSO?fi¥, ST~1!£2• I

22. 1 .. s of :SfliTuly 1946 the Mission StEi;f'f' consisted of 567 Cla~s I (regull\r) 3,334 OJ 'lSS II (locnlJ.y oritployoo) onJ 11 CJ.ass ITC (Vo­luntnry J.r.ency) cn,p1oyccs -- n' tnt~l of l1- 1 r)12. pc:r.s.ons. Cf' the Closs I employees, 282 ore Bd.tfrh, 2CXJ f'j_~C'm tne t':1.it0d S-tr.,'tes, 27 from South Afd.rm, 13 Cn11llu1.018 1 8 Polo::H:;t:i.n~-~~·~s. 3 !,\\Rhrnlions, 2 Swiss, : Sto..tele.:JS, 3 New Zeillc.ri'::l.s::rs 1 3 P..ut~i>. w,, 3 rna.-~l)ns, 2 French, pn:l one eoch from El fi'1l•ncl.or, YugosJ.nvi-::., l,;;G.!.Dnd ond Iron. For divfo:i on of stoff by c:i.:iss, service end sO"'.,c, ond for breakdown of Closs I personnel by grode, soc J;.ttochment H-9, In-­formntion Requested in Form l!SR.1 •

C, E. HODGETTS DEPlTI.'Y CE1Y.:l!1 OF :MISSIOnt CHIEP, r1:r;.1i:..:·.u OF FINJ,,NCE iJID• .. i.DMINIS TRATION,

....

•,. ~-

•

H-6._ MONTHLY REPORT OF THE BUREAU OF REL:fEf

• SERVICES FOR rn 1 1246•

1. In addition to the developments rep0:r.ted in the Divisionnl Monthly Reports atta.ahed, there are several i tema of general interest, end several trends which awear to be reflected in more than one Divisional Report, whiah we think nre wortey of' special notice.

Welfare DivisiQBc

2. The Welfare R,port nttaahed indicates that the Division of Welfare and respective Ministries of the Italian Govemzoont are oonoen1ed with. and making plons for, the continuntion of the welfare program after UNRRA terminates. It is also indicated that the Italian Delegation is proposing the establismoont of a Central

· Yinistry of Social Security nnd Relief, am the co-ordination into one Px-c,-incial Committee for Socio.l Welfo.re of the ECA ( Ente Conmuna.1.e di Assistenza - I talion Communo.l Assistnnce Agency), Post-War ,NJsistance and the present Provincial COJI1llittees of charity nnd relief. This Provincial Committee for Social Welfare would oo-ordinate all the welfare services in the prOV"inoes, and would· be respomr.l-b le• t& the . Ministz,pf - at.. Social. Secw::i:cy:. and Re lief. Whereas there is still no :positive indicntibn tho.t such a Ministr.r will be established, the interest of the Delogation in future planning on broad general terms is encouraging.

3. In the field of Welfare, the Provincial Oomni ttoes are ex­tending their o.ctivities to the developrrent of . criteri'n for selec­tion of rel ic :t' recipients, nethod.s of distribution- of relief supplies nn.d record keeping, and observing run re.;t>.orting on relief distribution pro.ctices. From Milan oanes word ·of the Provino:io.l Oommittee and other interested groups developing a. plon for a sumroor institute for social service problems and in service training of social agency personnel.

fiealth Division,

4. The Heal th :Pi vision reports provision from t~ Li:re .,Fund of a continuing Health pr)gram in 1947, and o.otive ··'Oo~ration· with the Itali8Jl .Government for a future health program atte;r UNRRA ter­minates. There are also .indications that the Provincial Comnittees are no longer exolusivel,y concerned with ,msdioal supplies and ·a.re oonoentro.ting, in the field of Heal th, on tubercuiosis control, child and maternal cygiene, water supply, and other publl~ health measures.

Di§laoed Persq:;s J?ivision.

5. In the field of disp_laoed persons, the month of 'J~· mo.rk.ed a. milestone "Wit~-~ · sig!dng of ,t}w UNRUA.-SACMED { Supreme Allied Commander, :Mediterranean Theater) Agreenent, which defines UNBRA' s responsibili tie~ in oonneotion With diaplo.ced perscms eligible · for UNRRA care. A~so during the 100nth, the first joint oonmittee of 'UNRRA, the· Italian Delegation and representatives of the .Italian Gove~t was hel~ on 4 Jul,y to consider· problems affecting both non-Itali_an persons_ in -Italy, pnrtioulorly those ineligible for t}NRRA.

..

care, ond. the problems of Ital.inn refugees. 'l'ento.tive arrange-ments were made for the transfer of the Tracinc :Bureau . to the proper social agency designated by the Italian Goverrn:oon-t, and siIIllltnneous­l,y, o.rrongenents were made by the Heo.J.th Divis:i.on w1i Displaced Persons Division for _.the d.iscontinuonce of tbe U.NP.Rt\.-opcro.ted Forli Hospital in Northern Italy and the greater utilizntion of ~talian medic~ fn¢li ties for tho cnre of non-Italian displaced persons.

ex 6513

~ _.. . . ,,

6.

-2-

.;,;i ~cial Projeotp Division,,

4 k

CASAS { Comitato Amninistrativo Soccorso di Senzatetto • ,Administrative -Comnittee to Aid the Ho100less),

•

The oon,truction of new hou.qes planned by CASAS is in progress. The majority of con-tr.wt.;:; have been lot, ond. legal difficulties -per­taining to the requisition of lond have been overcoim. The major problem continues to be eventual ownership of CASAS property. The repair of damaged houses, however, is not progressing satisfactorily. First, repair work \Uld.er the Italian War Damage Act limits assist­ance to the repair of houses which hnve suffered und~r Lit. -~ ,000 damage. . Second, · the general poverty of the Italian pop.11.ation ·. · in bombed-out areas prevents householder~ from participating in the 41)% repair costs not assumed by the Gove:rruoont. Third, many · homeless persons requiring housifig are not householders and are therefore exclUdep. from coverage under the "Anti.~ip·ated Materinl:11

clause of the War Damage Act.

7. Clothing Processing.

Active ~teps _, a.re being takei-.t to form a cooroina.ti.ng Oonmittee of UNRRA, the Italian Delego.tion and the Ministxy o£ Post-War · · Assistance to consider the transfer of responsibility for processing to the Italian GoveI'n?OOnt. A sub-oomrni ttee of the Lire Fund Control Committee has been fol:'lred to consider the allocation of further lire fun:1s for the manufn.ctnrc of clothing thro1,1gh comoor­cial channels sponsored by the Mini□t:cy of Post-War ·Assistance, · and to develop oonorete plans for future joint planning ori these expenditures. '

Voluntiu:y Societies,

81 During the mont~ of July, arrangements were contin~d for the developJOOnt of agreements with the M01moni te Service Unit~ 'Similar agreements are planned for al.l Volu11fo.:,y Societies associated with UNRRA. In this agreement with the Mennonite Service Unit, as in IIQCIOeosi-ge ones, care will be taken by the Bureau of Relief Ser­vices to emphasize the ne~ssity of careful project planning on -. the part of the Voluntary Societies expecting to remain in It'aly · after ·UNRRA' s tennination. '

ERO S:tu5Yt

9. Dtn-ing the month of July, '- Progress Repo~t was submitted, ( on 15 July) to ERO in accordance with the recommendations of' the ERO Bureau of Relief Services S1nlds oonclucted · in Mey. Also, a brief report on imdical services for displaced persons was prepared in cooperation with a representative from ERO. Material requested by ERO on resettlem:mt infonnation and occupational skills of diaplaced persons was submitted on sche_dule.

CM 6513

Helen Montgomjry, Acting Deputy Chief' of' Mission,

Bur4au of Relief Services.

•

• H .. 6-a.o MON'l'HLY REPORT OF 'THE HEALTH Dzy:tsION

FOR rn a 1246,

REIJ.TIONS WITfi ITALIAN GOVERNMENT.

Medical Syppl.y Prosr.!¥:!,

1. The third general d.istti bution of relief medical supplies oon--sisting of a.pproximo.tely 446 tons, valued at j 561,930, wns COll'llml'lood during July. In nJ.l, 5,.839 cases ( 266 tons) of medical supplies were distributed to 4J. Provinces in Sicily Md the Ito.lian mainland. A total of ai:proxima.tely 3,86o oo.ses ( 180 tons) remain to 'be dis• tributed and will be dispatched from Rome to Provinces in Sardinia and Italy during the first week in August.

2, Speoio.1 distributions of narcotic drugs, insulin and liver extract, uentioned in the June· report ( H-7-a Pora. ·3) ond.·with a. total value of i 21,427, were coxrq,leted aooording to schedule d'lll"ing July•

3. One 200-bed hospital unit was delivered to the Civil Hospital, Dolo ( Venezia).. Five 4-0-bed hospital units were delivered to the following institutions:

Civil Hospital, Fidenza ( Pnrma) Civil .Hospito.1, Palermo ( Sicily) • Palazzo Adriano, Pale:nno Sanatorium Serrai no VUlpitta, Trapani (Sici)Jr) Agrigento Civil Hoapito.1, Licata (Sicily) -' Ospedale Isolrumnto, Tro.poni, ( Sicily) ¥

Distribution of the remaining 21 40-bed hospital units and other hospital equipnent such n.s furniture, surgical instruments and kitchenware, will be planned and executed during Au,gus.t. In addition, laboratory units were delivered to the Sicilian Provincial Laboratories of Messino., Catania and Co.ltanissetta..

4. A distribution plan for 95 UNRRA ani>ule.nces was approved in Ju.11• The anibulo.nce_s will remn.in the property of the Italian Government, but will be assigned to Medici Provinciali ( Provincial Heal th Officers) for use by speaified hospitals and xoodioal institutions in the Provinces. Distribution of these ambulances is d.oleyed nt present by a ahortn.ge of skilled ioochanics for the neoessa.ry final inspection nnd r-.djustm:mta prior to delivery.

5. Dur~ July., the Itali an Governxoont took title to ioodioal supplies valued at i 1,958 ond o.pproxi..rno.tely 340 tons were reoeived. by thf, ICE ( Istituto ComI!l9rcio Estero - Foreign Trade Institute) on behalf of the Italian Goverraoont ..

6. From inception of' the program to 25 July, a total of 2,313,977.~7 square rooters of hospital linen had been 1i:::;_2atchod f or use in hos .. pita.ls ,or health progroms,

STA'.lEMENT OF ACTIONS REQUESTED OF ERO, ________ __ __ .__ ....... ,.,~ ~ --:,......,_,_ ,,C.. •, ••'"••-•••,lcF.J •· & .,...,_..,.,_.,....,. ......

7. No action requests were made to ERC r'\.uring the 100nth.

~ These insti~'1.ttions to divide ono 1-1!)-bec. :iospito.l tmit.

CM 6528

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D.1HEDIATE WORK PROGRAM, • 8. The activities of the Health Division a.re continuous and -do not lend themselves to doscription under this heading. They are des-cribed under the Sections devoted to "Relations with the Italian Goverruoont" and " Major Actiritics" ( Pi:tras. 1-5 and. 9-24- res­pectively).

MAJOR ACTIVITIES.

Headquarters Staff.

9. Nursing .A.ctivitiec. - Twenty-seven Italian nurses selected for the UNRRA Nurse-Teacher-Training Program arrived in RCJOO on 31 July from a.11 pa.rte of Italy for finol briefing prior to their d.epi:trture for the United States on 4- August from Naples.

Medical $Upp~ Aoti, vi ties,.

10. During July, 20 ,ooo viols of penicillin were distributed to 90 Provinces in Sicily, Sardinio. and Italy. Penicillin is now arriving in incree,~ing quantity and plans are being prepared for the clinical use of the drug on a. more extensive .scale. It is hoped that a number of diseases in which penicillin is therapeutically active will be added to the approved list of diseo.ses for which tho drug may now be used in Italy. This plan will require considerable forethought., a.a the number of nr.r:iroved clinics at which penicillin may be used will be greatly increased.

11. Reports have ren.ched this Division which indicate that hos­pitals, snnatorin !lnd other medical institutions throughout Italy, Sicily and Snrdinin o.re now reasonably well supplied with expendable drugs. It is nnticipated that within the next few weeks it will be possible for UNRRA dnl,gs to be made available to additional IlY!dical institutions such o.s par:i.-GovernmentaJ. orgrutlzo.tions which deal with the ambulatory sick ond other o:f'f'ioio.l xredicnl services which per­form a public service.

Epidemiology.

12. No cases of' plague were reported during July, but two oases of typhus fever occurred at Casta]lomnore, Sicily, of whom one died. During~, 40 cc.see of soallpax were reported from the Provinces of Bari, Salerno ond Reggio Calabria.

13. Mal~ C_<2,n.tz.:~J..s. - The malnr:i..a control program tor the Itali.tm mninlnnd., which storted on l May, is expected to be completed by the end of July. Final figures are not yet available, but appraximato figures for the northern area only are o.s follows:

CM 6528

Areas controlled • • • 520 square miles Populatiur rl .. h"1: .. ...,t1-, 1-i: n:::.:.:.tcct , 17'>,,000 Wall surface treated ., • • • 153.,000 ,000 square :feet No. of rooms treated • • • • 240,000 Jfa .. terials used:

DDT l.OO;b • .. o

Kerosene •••• 22 tona

120,000 gallons

• -3-

14. Disinfesto.tior. - The schezre for the :~ro.tion•wid.e disinfesta• tion of hospita.ls., orphanages, institutions nnd jo.ils is rapidly a.ssur.ri.ng· final fonn. It is hoped that by 1 September engineers and equipri;cnt will be . on site and. operations will be reedy to start. However,. the main difficulties at present are (1) failure of Medici Provinciali to send in requested in:f'onnn.tion, and (2) the non-o.vnilabili ty of kerosene in vo.rious Provinces. In a conferenoe between the sanitazy eng:µieers of this Division and the Italinn authorities it wa.s agreed to use 20 tons of 100% DDT md 500 sprayers for this progrrun.

Tuberculosi9:t

15. The revised plan for the distribution of X-rey film is being carried out nnd should take place in August. ExPiration d.2.te of this film vo.ries between Jtme am August ,1946, but after trio.l the film was found to be in a satisfactory state of preservation,

16. The follow:i.ng X-ray units were installed by UNRRA technicians during July :

Civil Hospital, Bibbiena (Siena) Tuberculosis Sanatorium Sondalo (Sondrio) Sanntorium Vilia. Guerrini, Pesa.re

Only one ad.di tionnl unit remnins to be delivered. to too Civil Hos­pital at lfintumo, which will complete the assignment of the 14 X-rcy units imported into Itn.iy by UNRRA.

17. The High Comnissioner for Hygiene and Public Health has allocated the sum of 250 million lire for the Sondalo Sanatorium, which is expected to open in Aueust with 1,500 beds for the ac­commodation of refugees and retuming prisoners of war. The un­finished sanatorium of the Ospedali Riuniti at Monte Mario., R0100., will soon be finished and equipped.. The High Com:nissionsr con-tributed 60 million li:r;e for this project with the provision that 350 beds be reseI"l/8d. for Consorzio patients.

18. The UNRRA Tuberculosis Consultant visited the UNRRA Dis-placed Persons Camps in the North to investigate the facilities for c1.4.ngnosis and treatr1Cnt of tuberculosis runong displaced. persons. The problem of institutional treatrent for cases of tuberculosis in the UNRRA Camps has been discussed with tho High Commissioner for Hygiene and Public Heal th and arrengezrents will be made for tm assignment of a number of beds for this purpose nt the new sanatorium at Sond.cl.o.

19. Reports ha.ve been received frcm the Regional Medical Officers on the provision of zredical treatmmt for Regional Clo.as I and III staff. These reports have been correlated and recommendations are being mnd.e to the Mission for the provision of ad.equate medical care of on a.p:_?roved standnrd. to be o.vnilable for all UNRRA fo1oign staff in Italy.

20. Due to the coIIll:enoe::mnt of the ?fission's sup·, leimntary Com-pensation Pl::m for Class II employe@s on l July, it has become apparent that an ad.di tional work load is being carried by the Staff of the Headquarters Dispensary in Rctna. It is necessary to perf o:r:m preliminary ioodical exo.minatiorts before persons can benef'i t under the plan and to obtain e.ccuro.te certit'ioo.tions of clo.imnnts' sick-ness or injur.y. In o~r to hand.le this increased volua, o£ work,

CM 6528

• .. 4-

it wo.s necessary to mnke n:?Plico.tion for the appointment of an additionn.l OJ.ass II Medical Officer, who will act as Assistnnt Staff Physician nnd chose chief duty will be to undertake the work necessary for the proper functioning of the Compenso.tion Plan.

21., Health Division Dispensary attendance. in ROIOO for the month of July is sur.mmrizcd below :

_Tnq of Scrvic,e

Misc. attendances ( nursing treat-roonts, minor surgical inter-ventiona & claims)

Imnrunizntions First attendances (Dispensary

and homa) Repeat n.tterVi.onceo · Physical cxaminntions Deliveries x ... rays (mm.RA filr.l) Laboratory tests Major surgical opern.tions Dento.1 trcntm:::mts First a.id ( Breda rncl non-UNRRA

po.ticnts)

'IOTlJ-1

~~ _S,t_nf'~

Clase I & III

136

138 )4-3

f

12

lf-32

ClasslI All Clo.sees

507 643 33

350 488 300 443 209 212

19 31 47 -

352

401

1,385 2,650 ---------------------.----

22. · UNR..'1A. relief roodico.l supplies are now reaching the Ito.lien Provinces in large quontities and in order that distribution to receiving insti tutioro shall be carried out rapidly and accurately, a recomrrona.ntion hn.s been made by this Division that Regional Medical Supply Off:i.cers shnuld be appointed to assist Regional :Medical Officers.. Medical Sua;,ply Officers will be chiefly con-cerned with assisting Medici Provincinli in equitable and rapid distribution of' ll!ffi.R!I. ~dicn.l r.upplies, investigation and reports on the need for medico.1- supplies end follow-up on _the ultimate use. In some Regions, the Medical Supply Officer will be required to S!'..c.'U'e with th~ Ree_;icnnl Uedicn..l Officer the responsibility for the meclicc.l cc.re of illfili""U. stoi'f.

23a §£.~I!! R?Bi£.~ - During the month the Regiono.1 Medical Officer visited three Caq;,s for Itn.linn Displaced Peroons, reports on which arc being ci:roulurized among appropriate sections of the Missiono

24. ~.!1..~- Rcg:i.oP,., - ·The Regional Medical Officer for this Region reports thn.t it is evident thnt the needs of the Provinces c.re chonging ro.pidly; i. e,, previouoly the need conf:,iBted of chiefly mediccl ru:9)lieo, whereo.s now Medici Provincio.li o.re becom­in£; more :interestcc. in the problems connected with tuberculosis control, child ro1d t10.tcrnnl hygiene, wn.ter supply, and other public health J11Utters,. This sho\irs that Italy is now passing beyond the eroorgoncy- period ond that her bn.sic mcdicnJ. needs nre being ful­filled with the cxoor•tion of surgicr..1 instruments, dressings, vehicles, tires nnd gasoline, in addition to a few iteLl.B such as horru0n0s cna rad..i.o-opn.quc r:--u.1:>.:;tcnces.

CM 6528

I

• -5-

MAJOR RESULTS AND PROBLEMS.

25. Re-Employroont of the Lira Fund.

The following sums have already been granted from the Lira Fund for health activities in Italy:

Manufacture of hospital linen from imported raw cotton

Sardinia malaria eradication

GENERAL HSALTH CONDITIONS IN IT.ALY,

4-5 7,000,000 Lire

300,000,000 "

26. The general heal th of the people in Italy remains satis­factory. With the exception of two cases of typhus fever in Sicily, no serious epidemic diseases have occurred during the month.

E.C. Benn, Director of Health.

- 2 -

have been deported therefrom, by action of the enemy. because of race, religion or activities in favour of the United Nations J

(d) Any person or groups of persons to whom the provisions hereof roe.y be extended by agreement between the parties.

Such displaced persons are hereinafter collectively referred to aa "displaced persons"•

{2) Subject to the provisions of (3), it will be the function of UNRf'u\ to determine which displaced persons fall within the categories eligibl~ for 'ONRRA assistnnce. At any time before or after the transfer of responsibility for displaced persons to UNR"RA, SACMED will, on the request of UNRRA, assist in establishing the eligibility for UNRRA assistance of displaoed persons. Parsens shown at any time to be eligible for UNRRA assistance will be the responsibility of SACMED and will be removed by SACMED from UNRRA camps and installations, provided tbat such persons were registered in displaced persons camps and installations an the effective date of this A[reement. However, this qualification does not apply in regard to persons subject, to the provisicns of (3).

{3) Both before and after the effective date of thie Aereement S.ACMED retains e!'lclusive responsibility to determine the persons who may be subject to detention in the custody of . the military or ·civilian authorities of any of the United Nations on charges of having collabor~ted .with the enemy or having committed other crimes against the interests or nationals of the United Nations, o.nd to remove·such persons from displaced perscns camps and other installations. Persons determined by SACMED to be subject to such detention and removed by him from UNRRA 0at11ps and installations become ineligible for further UNRRA care whether or not they ·nre detained in the custody of military or civilian authorities.

ARTICLE III

TRl'iNSFER OF PROPERTY

(1) The transfer of co.mps and other insto.llationl! by SACMED to UNRRA includes all movable and immovable property, including premises, stores and supplies, vehicles and other equipment surplus to m.tlitary requirements as UNRRA, in its opinion requires. Military records, classified or otherwise,. pert~ining to non-Italinn displaced persons in Italy,. nre transferred to DNRRA, Such records, including necessary enquiry and statistical services, will be maintained by UNRRA after the transfer. Moreover, UNRRA will be kept informed and given access to subsequent military documents, directivne and information,. including classified n~torial, which are relevant to the responsibility assumed by UNRRA~

(2) Immovable property requisitioned by SACMED and required by UNR.lt.A for displaced persons will be de-requisitioned by SACMED at the request of UNRI'ili. SACMED will co-operate with UNRRA and the Italian Cbvernment in the subsequent re~requisition• ing of such immovable· property for UNRRA, in order that the de­requisitioning and the re•-quisiticning may 'Gake plnce simultaneously.

(3) Respori'3:ihi_Hty for the reasonable co.re nnd use of United States or British military immovable property or movable property- trarisferred. on charge to 1JNRRA, will pass o.t the time receipts are signed by u~n.::~~ Such property will be . listed separatel7 and signed receipts turned over to SACMED. ownership

RS 6231 D?

.,.., .

•

H-6•d-(iH) UNRRA SAC!ft.ED AmEEMlllT RELATlN G TO TRANSFER OF RF.SPCNSIBILITY FOR DISPU1CED

PERSCNS FROM SACMED TO UNR...'1.Att

• AGREEMENT

WHEREAS,

The United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Admini~traticn (hereinafter referred to as UNRRA), in agreement with the Supreme Allied Connnnnder, V,editerranean Theatre of Operations (hereinafter referred to as SACMED) has undertaken to administer on his behalt and subject to military respc.nsibility, certain camps and other in~tallations in Italy fornon-rtalio.n displaced persons eligible for UNRRA assistanceJ and

WHEREAS,

S4CMED now desires to terminate the period of military responsibility for such displaoed personsJ and

WHEREAS,

UNllil.A, under Article II of the Agreement or 19 January 1946 between UHRRA and the Italian Government, supplementing their Agreement of 8 ·t.1e.rch 1945, is authorised to administer relief for suoh displaced persons in Italy;

UNRRA, represe~ted by S.N. Keeny, Chief of Italian Mission, and SACMED have agreed as follows:-

ARTICLE I

PURPOSE .

(1) The purpose of this Agreement is to establish the conditions under which SACMED transfers to UNRJ.1.A responsibility for the care, maintena~ce and repatriation of non-Italian displaced. persons in l'taly eligible for UNRRA assistance, From the time of the effeoti ve date of thh Agreement thi3 responsibility is transferred from SACMED to UNRRA and the military period for such displaced persons oomes to an end. Such responsibility is accepted by UNRRA subject to the ultimate authority of the Italian (})vernment,

(2) Nothing in this Agreement will be interpreted to impose on U!;mRA obligntions inconsistent with the UNR11A o.greement of 9 November 1943 or with the Resolutions of the UNRRA Co\D'.lcil or with the Ji ,..,.t:;.,m..; tc batween UNRRA and the rtalio.n Government of 8 ]JO.rob l9-:c5 and. of 19 January 1946.

.. ARTICLE II

DISPLACED PERSCNS

(1) The displaced persons for whom UNRRA assumes responsibility are:•

(n) united Nations nationals (other than United Nations National a for whom SACMED retains responsibility under specinl agreements);

(b) Persons of undetermined nationality and stateless persons)

( c) Enemy and ex-enenzy- nati (',Tinls who ho.ve been obliged to leave their country or place of origin or former residenoe, or

RS 6231 DP

.. '

• other countries.

-3-

Tho Ifo,J.w.n Government will be very pleased to co0perote with y ou in nny T-!'.<J11,r.;,xres you :nl',y toke to c.llevinte the ;plir:ht of the refu-gees whil1: they remnin on It;:llion soil~ "

The Hon. 1 .. lcide de Gasperi., President of the Council of Ministers, Rcme~

My deor Mr. 1?rime Minister,

/ s/ De Gc\s~.

29 July 194-6

1. I hove received your lett8al:' of 6 July 1946, devoted to the ,tgre(:l!lent between UNRRA. nnd the Suprome Al] 1.ed Commander, Mediter­ronoon Theater of Operctions, reloting to the ·trnnsfer of rcspon.'3i­bility from him to UN{mA for the core in I'tn1y of non-It:.:.linn -:":is-oJr..-oecl persons eligible far UNRRt. ossistonoe,. ··

2. Because of on eITor in tronslnting into the Itnl:hm lt.ngU!.lge the English text of my letter to you of 23 i,Tt:y; y'.:m r'...'lYe rccoived n somewlnt miatnken ond unfort:xmtc conm.:pt io21. o:C' tM.s 1.1 .. ,;-:::-ecmer,t. In my letter of 23 Mny I said in English t"hJ:t

"UNRRA reoognizes the t'lltimnte uutho}~ity ;: . .nd :,~osrY.:i11sibility of the Ito.lion Gover:mnent for the cnrc,1 m .i11t0n-- :me ~n.1 :cepntriation of such displnoed persons. 11

3. It wns incorroot to hnve trons1.'1ted the English worp. 1iulti-nnte" os the Itnlinn wore! "c1ef'initivt.1 "o The English text used by me wos prepnred in Lon:l0nt ond ms the connoto.tion thot UNRRI~ nssumet the Ctlre of nor1.-Itnlinn d:i.spJ.Eiced persons eligible for UNRRA assis-tance, in subordim tion to the nuthor1.ty ond responsibility of the Itoli&n stn tc os D. i:orticu.J.nr subject of intorm'tionnl low under the oonditions o:f o specific hfatorioal period11 ' Howeve:t-., the word "ulti.mnt~· ros the temporal conno~tion thnt nt some future time the Italinn Government, by virtue of its authority nnd control of the ter­ritory in v,hich tha. non-Italian displcced persons hnve been moin-ta ined by UNRRA will acquire plem~J J.egnl poV110r in re5-),rd to such displaced persons, similo.r to those which usually exist in regard to other aliens within c. stnte territo1-y~

4. You will note, therefore, thot no fundo.mcntnl i mmedinte re-sponsibility far the oore of such :non-Itolinn dispJ~coo persons eli­gible far UNRRt1. ossistame has been imposed on the Itclinn Government .. The principal imrnedfute responsibilities of the Itnlinn Government towo.rd UNRRA concerning dj.spJP..ced persons seei11 to be ·!;hose set forth in Artiole II of the BupplementnrcJ Lcreanent, which as you say, provides

"Relief servioes tmdertnken for the benefit of non,~ltolinn displn­oea persons in Ibly p\Jl"Suont to Resolution 57 tm::i to Lrticles III ond 17.rI (b) of the first f .. greeme:o:t vriJ.l. c ontiE~e to be ndministered by UNRRt~ with the c ooperetion, if requesu,1_, of the Gavernmente n

H,......evcr \N"\I~ ~- -~-....:,.n.r,.,:1)1! ,H-.•,~ ''.t1 ,.;,1: 1 .. ~,1.,.~,,,. .. ;.,_·--1•-··u<'>- •1.·-~ •. o·f' --;R ""u 1 ~ 7V .L.~ i:vut -~ ,..:.,~ ,._, ··- l_..,f ,.J ..,; v" .,_ J , .... , •. t :,~lt..,-.v .. -, I.Lil. _ -;;

Jc.nu:.~~ 1 %.6.., if~ .me, lYJ~ .,i; -~Jut ·ch,'.J:: 1.~.;:,~~s;J~ ..,1t?,pl.i1Js.- fnrt,.bon,,,I­tolinn displncecl per€ ;·:w., whothel~ such ei:re :;irocured directly

CM 65TI

-4-

• limit#. er throQsh mllitcr:, cbonnels, will be poid tar out ~ tbll 1IRRll tii»aotol -cllOOQtion tor the ItoliDn program for 1946. S~ pli• proom-ed in Italy for such persons will be paid for from the Lire 1'm ot the proceeds of sale of UNRRA supplies.

,. Beoau.ae the tlNRRl~ pro~m is based on the urgent needs c,f the Xtaliaa people for bosiD impd'ted relief' nnd rehobilitotion suppliea, I N44 with deep interest your statement of the attitude of the Ito• l~b Governnent townrd displaced persons. You point out th.at o.t the ti• the I•lion Government assumed responsibility for displaced p.-.ons, the refugee sitmtion in Italy wo.s very different fran wm11 S.t bas beaome since. You soy that at tbot time it wns o question ot o.a■iating displaced persons who, "due to wnr events", t'ounl tbem-1elvea outside their countries and who vinnted to return." You my:

"While most ot these hove olroody been repotriated., o grent --,,_. ot persona have now reached Italy who clo not wnnt to return ta their oountr., of origtn tor politicol x•eo.sons. This is o very •erioua problem for! Itoly, which for obvicus reasons oonnot ass\D the l,ur<Jen ot mDintoining these elements far nn indefinite period ot tillle, nor is she willing to ossume a,-:-;enses to repatriote them, nm to remove than sanewhere else. In view of the status of the mjority of the refugees who are now in Italy I oppeo.l to you, th~ fore, to hnve them re:i;ntrioted and provided for in other countries•"

6. UNRRA itself mokes a shllrp distinction or.tong displnced per­sons, more or less in ocoar&nce with the distinction drown by you in the text quoted obove. Although the eligibility of disploced persOl'lS t"'or. llNl3B{. cnre is exactly controlled by ow.ll.orit::ttive UNRRA texts, it might be ventured in sumrmry that the non-Italian displa­ced persons eligible for UNRRA assistonce ore those who were dia-plnoed, to use your own words, "due to wor events11

;;- These ore the displnced persons to whcm tlNRRA gives ossistnnoe; o.nd it is the bosic policy of UNRRA un::ler Resolution 92 to rerctriate such persons o. ■ qUickly ns possible.

7. Therefore, non-Itolion displaced persons ineligible f~ UNRRA aasistanoe, nre not the responsibility of UNRIU. ond renoin the respon­sibilit7 of the Allied ormeil forces. The mnintemnce e.rxi repotrio• ti.an ot eUiOh persons will remoin the responsibility of the Allied . ozmed forces or eventlZllly of the Itol:i.on Government, in oooordnnoe with wbotever x<elDtions my exist between the 11.llied ormed forces end the Itolinn Government•

8. On 15 July the .Agreement between UNRPJ. un::1 the Supreme Allied Oommn:ler, Mediterrnneo.n Theoter of Operntion.s, referrc,4 to in my letter or 23 Moy woe signed in Rome. This Agreanent enters into etteot on 1 August 1 ~6. 1~ copy of the ten of the Agreement is enolosed.

9. I slnll be happy if you ,rill state your .:.g:r.ccment ·with this let ... teie so far os the Agreement between UNRR1. end the .St.r.Jreme J.llied Corn­numder, Mediterronenn Thenter of Operntio1:s.t ::.l'f.'cct.:; the Itolion Go-;• vernment. l~s I have elrerldy soid in my letter of 23 MDy, when prob• lesas oonoerning the Itolian Government c.mcr.3,~ oc ,, rc~r.ilt of the entry into efteot of the AgreEJUent between IBt1RL n'·,:J th•3 S·r:1reme 11.llied CClll­mnder, Mediterranean Theoter of Opemtions> I .~.r:.1 ~::.,nf'iclent that they will be solved in the some spirit of' gooc fuith ~nd of loyol coopel1>-tion whioh ms ohamoterized the rc1.otions between liTR:i:. nnd the Ital.ion Go-vernnent. Please ucce-pt the OXJ!M'--- ~ ~ "'"l·_' : my highast esteem.

CX 6577

;'3i:nc1.;. ~~ J y .,· .,urs,

8' M. Keeey cfiief of Mission

~2-·

olY.inys chorncter-1.zed the relo tioris between tiNJ.1..~~ und the ItPlinn (',o-. vernment.

Please nccept the e~ressi•in of my highest esteem.

Sincerely yours,

THE MINISTER OF FOREIGN LFF1'..J:W3

To; Mr. S,. M,. Keeey, Chief of UNRRA Itnlfan Misoion, Rome.

Dear Mr. Keeny,

s. Mo Keeey Chier of Mission

Rane, 6/7/4£

•

I ho.ve received your letter of' Moy 23r-d on the subject of non-I­tolion refugees residing in Italy, with proposed agreement between yoi..r 1'.:ission ond tho Allied Com:missi01:iQ

I wish to thr.mk you very muah for your kind portioipoti0n in tho proposed cgroemcnt.

In the letter c,c1dressed to me6 I notioe o ph:t'flae nccording to whioh 11 m'ffiR~ holc1s the Itolinn Government responsible far the assis~ tonce, mn:L.11tenance r: nd repn trirtion of ref11gees 11

.-

This is news f or us os no agreement oos ever been oonoludoo be­tween tho Italion Government cn:1-UNRR/. or between the Ito.lion Govern­ment ond other 11.llied i:.uthorities 1 in which the Itnlion Gqverrment deolnred its willingness to nssume such responsibility. I mve gone oYer the toxt · of tho su:pplementory agreement doted 19 Jonmry 1946 be­tween the Itol'inn G-overnment llnd UNRRA, om it does not seem to me that respcmsibiltty for refu.gees in Itoly could be shifted completely to the Itnlion Govern.·nEmt., cs Art,. 2 says thnt 11occording to resolu. ... tion 57 ond 1..rt.:l.vlea 3 on:l 7 ·(b) of the first og-reanent., UNRR:1. will continue to Dssist non .. ItQliv.n refugees with the coope:r-ntion of the Government, if requestecl ".

Besides tbnt., in your letter of 1.5 Jcmmry addressed to 1~w. Mon­tini., you ooid that UNRHA would continue giving css_isttlnoe to non-I-. tnlion refugees living in Itoly., from n:pr:troprintions on the "£:tnlinn program, on:l even specified tliot ussistoooe e.,q>enoes in this connec­tion would omowit to about 10 million doJ lcr--s to be dedttot(j\_1 frcm funds set oside for ossistc.nc-0 to Itoly.,

1'his ore the limits of responsibilities nr::n uned by the I-coli.:i.n Government. In this connection, however., ! ,:i sh '!; ') cell your kind o.ttention to the fact that nt the time thes e res:'X!o:i.b·:~lit:i.cs were ossmned, the refugee situation in Italy v:ns vo:r-;: :! i :t't'erent from whot it hos becane since., Then i:tt -wos n qnett ion v2 nDr.:list~.ng chiefiy "displaoed persons" v:ho c1 ue ·~o wo.r e-ver:ts f ound tlwmselv0s outside their country ond who won·~t1d to return t here -.- ·•,:h-1.la most ::of these hove olreody been reJ;.Otrintod., n great n •1J'Yib t)r of :por•cc~1s hnve now rec ... ched Italy who do n:,t wimt to return t o tb)ll' country of origin for politicol rensons. 1.:'h:i.s is n very ser.1.ous proolem £ 01· Itc.ly which for obvious rensoru.; cv.nnot ossume the bti:..~don of' mo.into. inil\g these ele­ments for en i11dcfinii; e. per iod of t i mo nor in i:ihe ·Nilling to ossume expenses to 1'€ipnt:r.-iD. t c them ')nd to move t hen somewhere else. In-view of the sto.tUG of tht, r:n j ority of th') refugees who ore now in Itoly I appeal to you thcrc:Coro to hDve them repctri..'lted ond providoo for in

CM 6577

• •

•• To the Hon. Alcide De Gcsr-od, President of the Colli,r.:il of- 1'1:1.nisters, .me. My aec ..... Prisa~ llini.ster .,

23 l1by 1 9ii-6

For a conside:cnble period the :tepntr:i.otlon ur;d • ..... re c'f i:..on-Itn­lion displaced persons in Itoly hos bee n ttc :-:·e•:1P.-:fr,;iJ.ity of the ii.llied Militar., Forces, nrrl recently of the .u;.~1_-· .m~" :-'ru:sons ond Reputriotiat Sub-Commissi'>n of the _.J.l:!.cJ Cr:,.:1.1::.r:<i!_ 1.1, •;/~l!cl: ws been odministeriJ1S o oertnin number of cor:ips 01.il ot:~o:t' u~t:,lbt:i.ons t'or such persons in Italy. Since the bcghmin.r.; ot 15./+6 ·i,:C?.PJ,. hos been ndministering oertnin of such comps one. ()thcr i11sbl}·1 ci- r.JJ on be­half' of the Supreme .Alliec.1 Commnndicr, 1ledite:rr:m&.n T }e/lter of Opero­tions, and subject to m::.litary responsibility, 5n these coses in whioh the non-Itol fon C:bp1Dced pc-rsons ure elt:;iblo for UNRRt.. nssis­tnnoe.

Enrly in 1 946 UlITIT',I~ ,ms rcqucste ,J by the Supreme Allied Oo~n­der, Mediterrnnmn Thooter of Opcrotiol13 (SAC.MED), to toke over from the Suprer-io .l~liu, Com.nnci~, Mediterronenn 'l'heoter, the oore, mninte:rw.nce c.r.d re--~Jt:d.ntion of 11011-Itnl:um displnoed persons in Italy eligible for Ul'.fRR! .. nssintt..noe,. 1~ ncreeroont to this effect will be signed shortly between U1'8PJ .. nnd S.LCMI:D.. Tho military period of re-sponsibili ty for such dispbced persons, during whioh ~JNRRA hns been administering certo.in oom:ps on:1 other inatollotions on beoolf of the Supreme Allied Oo111nnnde'.t'~ Medttcrrnneun Theater of Operotiona, nn:1 subject to militory responsibility, vr.l.11 termimte on the dote in which the ligreement vrill become offectivo.

It is the intention of UNRRI~ to toke over this obligation f'rom the Supreme 1.llied Commnnder, Mediterronec,n Thentor of Operations, in oooordonoe with iirticle II of the Supplement,'.lry Lgreanent between UNRRb. nm the Itolion Government cnteroo into on 19 Jonunry 1946, by which UNRRi. i~ authorized to odminister relief servlccs for eligible non-Italian disploced persons in Itoly with the cooperotion, if re­quested, of the Itnlfon Gove.'CTJl:ient;.i

You will recall thnt in rny lotter to i. ,.VVa Mont:i.ni of 15th Jonlll­ry 1946 it woo poL"'l.ted out trot import3 ~ supplies for non-Itnlion displnoed persons,, whether such ore p.cocui-.-xl dir<--ctly b , ln'ffiR/. or through militcry cromels, wlll be puicl fOl." '.Jut of the UNRRl~ finoncio1 allocation for the Itoli..'.ln progro.m for 194-6~ Suuplies procured in Itllly for such persons w:U.'1 be paid for from the lire fund of the proceeds of sc.le of lJNP.Rl. supplies"'

UNRRi. reoognizt,,'S the ultir.nte t..uthorj_ty on:1 responsibility of the Itolion Governnent for the oo.re, mnintcmnce o.nd repotriation of such displnoed pcrsoMo

There ore cbout 9,000 non-Itolion displacec. persons eligible for UNRRA ossistonce living in 10 cv.mps in Italy. In c.ddition there ore 16,500 non-Ito&n disp~~oo~ ~ersons eligible fer t~IRRi.. ossistonce li-ving outside of UNRRA romps. The nmnber of non-it-J 1-i.nn rlisplaoed persons ineligible far- UNRRf,. oasistcnce 1-111':'in;_ng in 1-.C comps is a­bout 1 O, ooo.

A copy of the text of the draft J.greement between UNRR/. and the Supreme J~llied Commonaer..,, Uediter.t'Onoon Thcoter of Operations,. is ot-toohEd. .

I shnll be mppy if you will st.:itc your ow3e:-nent -rtith this let­ter, so for o.s the J;.groenen.t between UNTffii~ nnc1 the Supreme .Allied Cc-t>­mnnler, Mediterrcn,Jo.n Thooter of Op,:::~.tionz .• offects the Itolilln Go­vernment.1 When problems concerning the It::i.l "an Gov-enwont emerge os o result of the new oituntion,, I ma confident thot they will. be solved in the some spirit of' good t"'oith ~ril loynl ooopl.:.i:t.tion which ms

•• Attncruoont H•o•d(i)

DISPLACED PERSONS COMMITTEE Document No. 1 ·

DIS PLACED PERSCNS COMMITTEE

Terms of Reference

1. The Displaced Persons Committee is an advisory body to the Chief of UNRRA Italian Mission and the President of the Italian Government Delegation for relations with UNRRA, to whom the decision.I reached at the meetings will be submitted for final approval.

2. · The Displaced Persons Committee will include, on the Italian side, representatives of·the Ministry ·for Forei(gl Affairs, or the · Ministry of the Interior, of the Ministry for Post-war Assistance, of the Ministry of Italian Africa, 6nd or the Italian Go~emment Delega.tion for Relations with UNRAA, and, Cll the UNlulA side, 'the Deputy Chief of Mission and Chief; Bureau of Relief Services, the Assistant C~ief of BU!"eau of R.s., the Director or Displaced Persona Division, the Chief of standards and Clothing Branch, a representatiTe of the Office of the Chief of .Mission, and their de&i(glnted repreaen• tatives as might be necessary.

3. The functions of the Committee are the following:

(a) To co-ordinate all aotintio1 and responsibilities of UNRRA and of the ?talian Goven:umnt as· regards non-rtalinn displaeod · persona 1n Italian territory, eligible for UNRRA assistnnoe, Italian displaced persona outside of Italinn territory, · and movement or Italian displaced persons to and from Italy, provided that the functions of the Committee do not supersede any ot the direct responsibilities nnd funoti cns of the Italian Ministries concerned and of the UNRil .A Italian Mission.

(b) To advise on the programs of assistance, rehabilitation and repa~rintion of dis~laced persons.

(c) To make recommendations regarding any advisable provision with respect to the assists.nee and repatriation or trans!'er to other countries of ncn~Italian displaced persons ineligible tor UNRRA assistance.

4. Mt. A.A. Sorieri, Deputy Chief of Mission and Chiet, BUreau or R.s., is the chairman or the Committee,

s. A representative of the UNRRA :rtali&n Mission will be responsible for the Secretariat.· He will, 1n collaboration with a r e presen:c&t ive of the Delegation, o~ll the meetinge ~ heue the minutes, and foll uW up the recommendation~ mnde by the Committee.

CM 6134

.. 4, .. •• 19. The reoomnenda.tions of the meeting convened as a result of the rlsi t ot Dr. Oo~, ERO representative, ha.a resulted in several major oha.ngea. The most' imnedia.te is ~he closure of our Forli • hosp:U,aJ, and the reassignment of its peraOMel and equipnent to other areas.

20. . It is also proposed to reduce the Sou.them Oamp hospitals to the ste.tus of infima.ries, a.nd inoreaae the number of beds available tor WRRA. a'b the Leuoa hospital.

21 • rur responsibilities in oormeotion with Hachr .s,haroth ~ need revision. .6. recent survey indicates that ma.ey premises used for Hs.ob, 4:,haroth are in urgent need of adequate hygiene measures. At the ~nt we are limited to consulting.with Jwro (.Axnerioa.n Joint Distributiai Comnittee) mediQa.l services regarding these problems. _

22. Dr. OoianY, after his recent visit to ill UNRRA Camps, rm.de the :following observations on l\Ygiene I Southern Oamps - FairJ Northem Camps • Good; emept for the Genoa CaJ:lP. whexe th& site is deol.ared to be unsuitable.

Eif4+'WTICN AND WORDS IU'Wl)H.

23• During the period reported upon, the Repatriation and Oooupa.ticn• al SUrvey,o, displaced persons from 16 yea.rs of age eligible tor UNRR4 assistance whether in or. ou~f-oam:ps, was completed. Over 19;000 f'onns

. were received at Md,ssinn HQ, and ooded. Full a.na.lysis of'. the suNey will be available in a. speoia.l report now in prooess of preI&raticn.

'

2!.,. The Repatr.La.tion and Resettlement Intonration Bulletin 'WU oompleted a.nd oopies have now been issued to all UNRRA. Clamps and Field Wel.f'axe O,ttioersJ amendaents will be ma.de a.a required.

25• In the oOIU"8e of the period under reviaw • 16 June t9 1.5 July -the following im.jor group repatriation moves were ocmpJ.eted & 240 ll?Olea to R>la.nd, 118 Greeks to Greeoe, three groups of Yugoslavs totalling 140 persone to Yugosl,avia. During the sazne period a.ppro;d.ma.ta.\y 200 disp.1.aoe<l persons of f7 different nationalities were repatriated. individw;u.ly. Preparatory work in oonneotion with movement of 60 .Austrians to Austria and 36 Gzeohs to Ozeohoslovalda. was completed. during the period.

26. :Regarding the ;i-epa.triation movement ot Poles the repe.trle.te& wa1'8 accompanied to l?olana by the Sp8oial Assistant to the D1reotor ot the

· ' Dilr.l.s.ion who .,. afforded opportunities to v:Lsi t in Poland, reoeption .centers, institutions for the ca.re of retuming unattended ohildren and resettlement projects ill vari~rts of Wes.tem Poland. ~e intcm:atiai. gathered en route, as well a.s at destination, will prove uaeful to the D1v1aicm in fulfilling its functiona in oonneoticn with . .enorura.ging and faoilitating repatria.tiai.

Louis Va.rriobione, D:l.reotor Displaced Persona Division.

J.ttaohments: H-7-d ( i) Displ.Q,oed Persons Oonml ttee Terms of Retere1;10_.!_ .. ..J' H•7-d (ii) Oorrespondenoe between Minister of Foreign ~

andJOhief WRR4 Italia.rt 14ission ~ ~ · Italian twa.

H-7...a.(lii) tm!U/SADM&D Agreement. ,

,.

'

. ' ' '

. . .. ·

•· ... ' ... /.

\ . .... ... . .

13. , !he Rumanian:·, Repatriation Mission, headed by Genera.l' Ba.losim, visited Italy in July:- after having visited Gerrrany, Austria, France, Switzerland and Belgium in oonneotion with the re~tria.tion of Run.".n:i:m. Nationals. J, meeting was a1Ta.nged between Gerutn.l Ba.losi.m ahd his Stai'f and Staff of' UNRRA Italian Mission. The UNRRA program,_ a.a it a.i'feots : Rwm.nian Nationa~ eligible for l1ffiRA. oare, was discussed. ·in -sane ~ta.il ·• It was expla.in&d that Ruma.nia.n iiaplaoed persons received UNRRA. oare only it able to establish that they had been deported er obliged to 1•l'eave their ham$ or plaoes of former residenoe by aotion of the enenu or beoause , of ~\ ra.oe, religion or aotivity in favor of' the United Nations. • Detennina.tion or eligibility is im.de on an individual basis after a oarei'ul emmina.tion ot all available int'onnation. The General suggested that Ruma.niana eligible tor UNRRA. oare and desiring repatriation be assembled in UNRRA camps ·tor : 1'dentifioa.tioµ and registration on speoified dates. This s11ggestion was accepted and, although the projected repatriation of the group is- to be an AC responsibili"ty UNRRA. will offer all possible sei-v:Loes in oormec:,tion with those ~ eligible for UffiRA oare. General

· llalosim provided the Displaced Persons e taf'f' w1 th valua.bie intonm. tion.. • ·oonoemin.g ·oonditions in Rurm.ni_a a.f'feoting retuming displaced persons, . • and it is planned to disseminate thi,a_ information . to a.ll interested persons ..

MA.nn;!NANCE ANP CARE OF D!SPLA.CED PERS<liS. .

14. f.f.c?Ourement and Fea<Y,na. Supplies for which local purchase orders were pl.e.ced during June are now a.rri ving. SOrne diN'icul ties, however, have been ,e:xperienc~d in the procurement of blankets and PX rations. As for t~- all Camps, with the exception of LeooE:l, now hold approximately one month 1's ra. tions. Arrangements have been n-nde with the Food Division

, ot the Sub-Bureau ot Rel:ie f SUppltes to release 1wo and e. ha.lt months t food ;re~nts for all D:l.spla.oed :Persons• estfl,blishmenys a.s fl'Om 1 Augus~. - . . 15. . The most serious problem that :f'aoes thus Division is the ~ld.-tq:, in approving the budget for the third quarter as it a.ffoots Ola.ss II positicnar. The positions whioh were approved by ERO ta.ll so far short . of the actual needs that further operation in our program on that bo.ais would be ·virtually impossible, We are oontinuing on a rninUlllm. program pending ERO approval of a more adequate provision for 01.e.ss II positi.alh

. . . 16. One of our major prob~ems is that ot 00ping with una.uthor:ued Displaced persons I movements. W'& hope that some statement from a high level will soon be fortix,omi:ng, ttia.t might ease the uno~a.il)ty that ia gripping these people. A<lmitd.stratively QUr position .is veiy awkWa.rd. .. . ..

17. In ad.di tion . to the . basi:O Wel~ program the f6ll~ng are some ot the speoial activities iri some of the O~a , .. A prominent .A,merioa.n singer in Rome has agreed to give conoerts in Camps· and to hold auditions to disoover unknonn talents. in the Leoce Group an Institute of Ftzysioal Education is planned. The Mobile Oinetn Unit nruces regular visits to~­Camps showing English, Anerioan, Polish, Russian and Italia~ :f'ilms• I.n:f'o~tion and reoreational literature f'ran Member Governments, inolu~ US, UK, USSR, PQla.nd and "Yugoslavia is sent regularly to all Camps. . ~ problem "Of sex ed.uDation ·1s being approa.ohed in the Leoce Group by the publica~cn of a. pamphlet pre:?).red. by the physioian as well as through ·: ind.1 vidual consultation. ..

(~ ·· ·· · o,.it ot Oapxpe ¥osistance, It is now a.p12,rent that the wt-ot­eampe assistance case ca.cl,. now at B,500 for all ot Italy, has reached px,k bottan, unless repa.triaticn and rBSf)ttlement oome more pl'ald.nentq · into the piGture. .

QI! 6557

.. ,/(

, .. ~,

- 2 -

·a. ,,, Retarence was made by UNRRA to the probl~ ot una.tta.oh~d Polish ohilcben who, according to reports from the UNRRA Austrian Mission, ho.ve been bl'QUght into Italy for a limited period for "heal th rea~ons" and whose return to Austd.a is now being sought by the mili 't!:l ly authori ti.ea

.. .

in Austria. as we lJ. as the UNRRA Aust,:-ic..._n Mission. A nc-:nln..1.1 roll of one group of such ob.:i.ldre."l and their reported locations in Italy .ha.a ·been sub­mitted. by UNRRA. to the mlitary autho1-ities in Italy.

' 1 ,/ . \ 1 , ..

9. .A.FHQ representatives at this meeting advised that, although AFHQ reservee the right to deal with groups of repatriates to or throu.gh !~, &sais~e in securing clearance or transportation for non-Italian µ.ispla.oed persons tor areas under military control should be directed to the Movement ,Seotion ot AJJ, Dinplb.~J?erscms and Repa.tr.laticm Sub-Commissicm.

.. . &EWICJ§HIP WITH ~ GOVERNMENTS AND OTHER GOVERNMENTS, - .. ·

10. In oonneotiai with the directive from the Direotor--Oenere.l. regard-, ing the desira.bili ty of the appointment by meniler governments ot liaison ettioers to country M:ission,, Major Titov has been appointed by his GoverH­ment as Represer.tative,·of the Soviet Government to UNBRA. in Italy on Re• l'Atria ti.on. nir.Lng the, month of July, several meetings were held between )laJor Titov and UNRRA _ERO and Italian Mission staff regarding displaced peNons' problems affecting Soviet oitizens. .A.a a. result of these meet• ings eevera.l points have now been olar:l.fie4. and the Displaced Persons . Division has agreed nn steps to expedite the ide~tifioa.tion ~d ~tr.1.ation

·· ot Soviet citizens al:i.gible for UNRRA care. Most of the persons, however, . to whan Jlajor Titov referred in these discussions are not now receiving UNRRA oare, having proved to be ineligible for euoh oare during the reomt ffiRRA survey of displaoed persons I camps, and responsibility tor them ha.a now been turned-over to 'the m.i.li tary authorities. · '

- ·11. · .: . ·1 It was a~ed that UNRRA, Displaced Persons Division, will bring

together in one oamp, presumably Cineci tta. •, all persons who appear to b& SoT.1.et citizens and who are covered by the UNRRA Oharter (with the pos• aible exception of Jewish persons living in organized Nmrrnmfties). USSB representatives will, of course, have free acoess to the camp where . its · . oi tizens a.re ooncentra tea. SOViet citizens will be given f'Ull opportu­ni tiea to correspond with their relatives and friends at home. · Soviet newsi:,e.pera films and other material will continue to be distributed in aJ..1 oampe !nd reports that UNRRA. personnel have hindered suoh distributim will be investigated. Reports that well-kno:wn oollaborators are residing in our oamps will be refer.red to the military authorities, who will be urged to tab irllllediate a.otion.

12. 1n oonnection with the movem6nt through Italy ot Greek displa.oed · persons ex-tA.ustria and ex-Gema.ny, destined for repatriation to Greeoe, ·

we have discovered that upon arrival at the Bad:, Transit 0a.mp· substantial numbers of these.persons do not receive ol.ea.ra.nce for QnWard move~nt to~ Greece for German, Austrian and Hungarian born spouses. .others in this group, although olea.red by the Greek authorities, are unwilling to be 1'9-pe.t1"'1ated at this time although, when in Austria, they have deQlared themselves to be ready for repatri-,;tion. The problem is further oanplioated by the fact that the greater part of' these. Greeks a.re not clearly eligible for continuing care as displaced persons under lJNRRA ' Resolutions but have been accepted 'by UNRRA. upon request of' the milJ.taz:r.,,. authorities in Amitria and .P .. FHQ :in :Ctaly for transit and ropa.tria.tion . only, -.Jle are now carrying on discussions with th.3 severo..l p,.~ie.s . t ~lved, with a view to the early ·volunt3.TY ::.-epatri<J.tion of a ma.:dnum . 1

nWiher and the removal fror.1 UNRRA ma.re of ·an;y residual . gx-oup of .irel :Sgfhl-..

<ll 6557

, H~ ~ REPORT OF THE ~ ffliSQNS DIVISION FOR JULY

.. 1946 . .. .. ~ .. . ----------.....-

RITtTipNAHIP IDH THE. ITAJJ~JL~ME:N'E•

\ .

. ·-· ..

1. nie :f'irs-t meeting of the_Displao-ed Peraons Ocmnittee was held'on 4-.July. This Committee has been con,°l+.ituted to serve as an advisory _

, . body to the Chief of UN.RHA Italian VJ.insion and. the President of the Italian Govemment Delegation for Re4. tic~s with UNRR.\. The tuthority, oanpasition and functions of this Oo:nrnittee are .deta.iled in Attachment H-6,,.¢" (i) Displaced ~rsons Camni ttee Tenns of Reference. . . 2. In the _course of this meeting the p~~ent _position :1n regard· to displaced perst>."'15 :i.vas revicwedo · · The · ItP.lialJ: Government representatives •re l)al"tioula::•::..y inter.e:r'cod. in the conJi .. t1.cns· •for eligibil:l.ty ·or d:!.s?~oed persons -to UNRlt--\ assiata.nce. It was pointed out that uNBJ~ wus autho.rized to otter aasisbncc caly to those displaced. persons :wh.o qualify. for such

.. aaaiata.noe under existing resolu-tionn,. anc1 tr ... "l."t the recent Agreement be­tween UNRBI. anrl tho Milita:ry .A-rLth(.1:::•:1.:;·i~s provides fo1 .. · the tr~sfer to tJNRRt. ot responsib:i.l·J..~.y for :]'U'.R1~~li°g:fole displaced p~rnons only. It was suggested tlJ£i. t the cm.plox problem °'- i.ne'l i g:jhl.e-die:pla.ced persons be reserved for sepa'rc.t3 discussions. . •:· · · . J. Further to this gene~. problem, there has been an exchange of . correspondence between the 1J:i:o:t.3tc..J:· or Foreign , -4.,✓.lfe.irs end the Chief of UNBRA. [tali.an :Misz:ion:, r.-.i.:i.3:!n;; t:10 i:~.L}.)•.:,!:·ts.n-1:; qtt~ocion of' ultimate · responaibili ty, -p~.•t;~U..'118.bl;r on' th~ term.;_ru,-~ion of uN?~, · for the oare ot thoee cJ.1,s~ced. :pc:r:-som; who ~ oove;red ~y the- UNRBA..-Oba.rter (see A ttaoh­ment H-6-ct" (ii) J• · .

-~ . ~ . . <h 1.5 JuJ.;r.1?46 the UNR..T?.A-SACMED .(SupnmQ_AJHed Oomnander1 Medi-terranean Theater) ./l.~reE'JTept,, ,rel9,ti:1g to tranl!f'er of responsibility for

ed .r:, ~A r•· ]~·,• .J r,,.,_•-~f i =J ,I . displao pers,):'.!s ,.rem &,.-I:::,..; ctJ \ •h:: •• \., ·was s .. gn.c:c. .J.n Ram':) 1.,y s.~v!..Keeny, Ohiet of the Italian 1;3..:::;z:io;1. fo:.-:- t •1f2E~., an,l .i\'i..,._jo~:--CC-~t:..'..Bl M,, VT?:VcJ..ieod, Ohiet ot Staff :tor. SAOM!!:l: (see .A-tt.ac·hmerr~ n ... ,6-ct {ii::) ) ; thin Ai:~.recment beoanee effective 1 A;;.gurf¾. ·l !A6.. '.l.",10 o:,:v::Jx~l opera.ting bt--o.r1chos of Diepla.oed Ferson.2 Div:-ts~ .. cn. have, in the cc:..._;·"i-"e of t.he month of July, rmde the necessary o,djustw<mta to O.SS'.ll'e ccn-:.ttm,::.ng Se.L·'T.i«e in our Camps after 1 August~ then military f'aoili ties will r.o longer ·be ava.ila.ble to us.

5. Dieplaced ;persons Division wi~hes to express its gratitude to the mil-itary author.J.{;ies fo:r their ~:9ir:H of C<mI!)r1:fr•.-m.~ion and helpfulness · throughout the long p~i•ioo: cf n.e.~cticd,ic::no Az in<l:ioated. in the Agree• ment there still r-~mins a, b: .. ·0ad a:t.,3~. of ~om.wa activities, and we look forward to coii.t.inu::.r~ ou.,:- p:;XisoE"::: close co..-opera tion.

6. .A regulo.r mo1;;.l.;.·!..."":i.g -if,f .AFSQ, Displaced. Pe:r;,3ona and. Repe.tria.tion 8ub-()c:Jaml.aaion a!'ld m.E~~ -we..~ l~l•i e.t Ut:;r.RA HQ., on ·19 July.

7• The presont prooc.'1.ure, whe-reby lWBRA. rna.i.n.tains ' arohivea ~ 7 ate.tiatioe for dis:olP.0-=Xl l)(:i.'UJYiS el:i.115;J}e f,,;.r. H~,:'JU. care ~ well as no~ el.ig:1.blep,was q,:,:.:·;~,;o,·iG.l e.,i,:, :1.t w-Je l"':'C:J_,,:,,:-:,d '..:hs.1; the present posi,timi be .. reviewed by tbc :::~.: . .- ,~:'.~··;. ; ~;: ::f l 0;, und. t.r,e "t.JN:i~-~-.Seoti.oc..pta.ff 'to. · ar;-1~ at ·a practlcw. uolu.t:i.w. '

.. '

CK 6557

• 28. For example the following price ranges have been experienoeds

Solid bricka Hollow bricks Marsigliese tiles Coppi tiles

4~16 Lire s; ,.

11. " T. II

to 6 1 24 each II 7~3Q II

II 17. ti

II 9 • 36 II

29. · With the prospect ot repair work being accelerated by three time• the present rate, and the further derrands for materials which will arise with the commenoe~nt or new constructions, it is evident that a far greater degree of control and co-ordination than prevails at pres_ent will beeone essential.

Timber.

30. Thia commodity is scaree and expensive# and ·the present system ot purchasing is extravagant. Prices are being paid for small quantities ot locally grown wood of inferior quality in exoess or those or good quality seasoned timber obtained by bulk purchases.

Coal. -31. A p~ovisianal arrangement has been mde with the Ministry of Industry and Commerce through the agency of the Coal Branch of UNRRA for the special allocation ot solid fuel to be used in the production of clay products, cement and lime for the UNRRA/CASAS · project. This represents a great advance in the CASAS coal situation. for never before could we obtnin the Ministryr1 agreement to allocate coal to clay kilns, since it is contrary to their established practioe. The arrangement as it stands at pr~sent is briefly aa follows:

(a) that so far as possible briek kilns will continue to adopt traditional means of producing clay products by using li{glite.

{b) that only in those caaee wh6re lignite is not readily available or only at expensive prices, will imported coal be allocated. Al a result of a survey me.de by the Ministry of Industry and Commerce, it has been esti:nnted that 20% of the total fuel requirements- will need to be made up in imported coal and agreement has been given to the allocation of this amount.

(o} that for the production of lime and cement appropriate grades of fuel ranging from anthracite to gas coke will be allocated for an amount necessary to produoe -the quantiti-es J"equired by CASAS.·

Glido Nadzo, Director, Special ·Reliet Pt'Q ~ta J)i:wi 8j, OD.

be noted that oontractor•· engaged Ol new construction are providin~eir · own transport. rt was originally·assumed that between 200 and 300 Wueks would be used on new construction, but this later decision .ensures that all the CASAS transport will n9W .. be canoentra ted. on repair .w.ork • .

Lire Fund allocation

19. · The Lire Fund Control Committee has recommended a provisional allocation of Lire 1671 066,00o•to the prouam. The total allocation is based on current market prices , and wHl be reduced if more favorable prices are obtained (A...'1AR prices fochtde a considerable and unreasonably large margin of profit and t.he r-t.e.15.e.n Delegation is attempting to obtain the material for a price as near co_st as possible).

20. The Committee recommended the immediate expenditure of funds for the purchase ot personnel vehicles and of spare parts to the _value of 50% of the sum reques t ed. Further approval, however, will have ;to be obtained for the exp_enditure of the further funds provisionally a_llocat.ed.

21. :in effect that means:

. 22.

(a) the purohas~ of 200 trucks will be deferred until .UNRRA ·has ·supplied the 800 now stated to be eventually available,

(b) the purchase of ·the 50% of the estimated requireme:d.s or spare ' parts·(1,e. to the value of Lire 7,000,000); of 1,000 tires

and 21 000 inner tubes o.nd of Lire .10 million worth of garage equipment roust first be approved by the Committee.

-This arrangemnt is considered to be both logical end reasonable.

Spare Parts and Tires•

23, As usual, these are in short suryply. This is a very serio~s problem, •'and threatens to become extremely so, Nevertheless o.t pret,ent the total of trucks ke,r,t idle oy te:ihporo.ry spare parts shortages never exceeds 15% of the -boto.l fleet, If 1 however, more spare parts are not available soon in large qmmtities, tP.i.e a.mount of idle tonnage will reach crippling proportions.

24, It i~ expected that a larger quantity of spare parts~ sufficient, at any rate, to service the 160 G.M.0. 1 s will arrive from the USA at the beginning of August. Meanwhile CASAS should bo able to go forward with the purcha~e of Lire"9,000,000 of spare pnrts from ARAR. If the USA shipment does arrive; and if the ARAR ·org~ization continues to improve, and spare parts will., in fact,· be available from· them, the future outlook on spares is not .unhopeful. · ..

Petrol.

25. Arrange·ments for .the supply of POL have so ·tar, with occasional exceptions, worked well.

26. Requirements of petrol for July-was 4651 000 liters; this monthly requirement will steadly incree.-&e as more transport becomes available; Average· vehicle oonsumption is 2 .4 Knl per liter ·e.nd. oontinues to bq>row.

Supply.

Clay Product a•

27. The avaiiability or clay products continues te be adequate and has not presented any ·serious problems in their provision for the present ra:t.e of repair. Lo.ck of price control is resulting in 'Wid.e diaor~pe.n-di.ea as between one dist.riot .e.n<l _another~:

Jt

' '

..

.. 3, .

contl"JQ.t8 tor the construction or 182 buildings, comprising 728 apartment•. The rl!hining two competitions ";'ill be'held during -the coming week. Thirteen eontraets, · totalling Lire 1801 618,561, have been approved by the Executiw Committee, and in the case or nine ot these the _lites have ~een handed over to the ocntractors o.nd work oommenoed.

Repair Workt. r

is. The repair 'work to date :ni,.y be summarized as tollowa,

Mo. of No. ot roomi repaired Bu!talng nate'ria• Devastated area, COJl!ll\alel during total to Total , transported

~ssisted month date persons during month

Latina . s 545 2,436 3,891 ,3,1~0 . .

Froa1ncne 29 299 3,167 B,352 2,554

Abruzzi ' 34 T89 5,238 10.,990 . 6,552

Porto s. Stefano l ?8 449 929 27'7

Apuania 21 720 4,085 '1,626 2,703

.Bologna 20 1,450 2,138 3,218 1,459

Ravenna 1 29 29 38 625

_Total• 111 :S,910 18# 142 35,044 - 11,440

oovel"t 6 weeks.

16. The -cmsiderable ino!"eaae in the transport made available tanrda , the ond' ot the month (see para 12 below) is not reflected in the above ti·gw-e1, but should be apparent in next month• s report.

Transport.

Vehicles.

l T. The toll owing vehicles have now been transferred to CASAS and are

('

ope!'ating in the tield: · -

..

car U'eep1 Motorcyeles 8 awt1.

15 c:wta. 30 ·cwts. 2½ tonnera 3 tonnera . Breakdown lorry waiter tanker•

1 37

9 3

32 · 5

160 175

l 2

Total vehicles provided 423

- 50 perecrmel vehiol.ee

r

r . ~

])l addition 20 G.M.C. '•, 3 water tr\leks and l motorcyole are awaiting oolleoti011 at the Breda Workl 1 and Lire Fmd• have been :allooated for t~e purchase from ARAR (Azienda Rilievo Alienazione Ree14uat1 • Italian A~y fol" the Purchase and Distribution ot Allied Military Svpluses) 1toeke ot 5S jeep• • 20 of which are nc,u, ready tor c.olleotion in Leghorn.

18. In considering the total number or vehicles in oper&tion it mould.

a.t 6560

ii,·~ .

' .

• r •

, .r -·

f : " •1"

... , "'"

.. -. 4 ~· - 2 -

Vo. ot pair• 10rted ciu:ring month was " " • reps.ired " u "

The ·number sorted was •de · up u tolloww: Men 112_.8,93

. ... . Hay . ':

183il50 (154,908 80,460 ( 69,995

Women 44.~.980 · - _ ,..,

June 2i,006)

,101)

. .,_ ... Chlldren . 25,271. . , _. The prod~ction ot sandals .from salv.ged sorapleather in the Florence Workshop has grown to an output of 200 per day, and it 1a anticipated that thi• will be stepped up to 500 per day during the next two or three weeks.

Salvage

a. The output trom' the tour Hlvage workshop■ has been 1lightly leu. Comparative figures for the last three months ar~ a■ follows!

ya.y No. ot pi•e••·made 97,670 A. total of 53,705 Kg•• of ■alw.ge was received.

J'Ul'le 1.34, ns

.. July 104.,SS'I .

9. _ Aa a t,.igher percenta_ge of the · ar:t;icles · made have been. jacket, tho ooat per 1 t!m wa~ · increased from 12 .2 5 to 14 .·5o 1ire. · rn vi'e'W' o.r the taat that part of·the cost or the salvage will be recovered from the sale ot n1te ma~rial, the whole soheme continues to be . favorable £ro?!I. the tinanoial point of . view. ··

1011 Ol• ot ·the 11alvage workshops has now been closed, .and. as the supply ot 1alvage material will sooXi ·cease, it is planned t ·o close a further two other workshops, leaving only that at Torre Ann'Ullziata \'fhioh wlll continue ~• a repair shop.,

I,

Releaaet tor Distribution

11; The tollawing quentiti~• of_ goods have been relea,~d ·tromwarehousea tor distribution to Italian ·Diaplaced Persons, refugee• and needy .homele.as persona.

Clothing items Clothing Utxits Shoes Bedding item1 Month to l& July 46, ·449;359 1~~_;226 96,729 179 Fr,om commeneement S,384.,465 ,923.,589 122,981 ·21.121 Jn addition the following have been released to Campa Division for non• Italian Displaced P.erscn_s: · . .

, . . . . Clothing items Clothing ·mi.t.a Shoes ~edding itei~ Kcnt"K to 16 July 46 2; 705 · 40'l 1; 910 Mil From oommenoement 212.,794 · 43,124 42,287 2918 (tfoto, An adjustme,ntiof 1000 has l>een nade in the figure for shoes supplied to pc.mp• Division a.1. a t~tal C)f 36,907 waJ sh~ on the May t4.6 report wheNae it should have read 35,907).

otheP production Statistics.

u.

+

is.

!:l:IIPlQye,ee_ .. in ~tali&n ea~ . ,r " Non.;.Italian oaapa·

.,. . n " Religious r.nstitution1 " assis~ed o~~idq camps

SkUled employe.es ( C'=inerally on sh~• ~ i:e~1r,s) .· .. Administrative employees

Number ot workilhopa e.nd w&l"ebouaee

Repair and construction Program.,

94S SU 219 639 . . 383

74

\

1~ 161S

a

68

.' 1 .. · con1t·ruotion. ' ..... ·. ', :. ' ✓-• ~r•)- ,,.,_ , , • , • • ,~ 1 ~ •

•' • I • 14. TWenty+two out ot 2~ oo~u,.• ba."N. been -Ml.cl--~ rKpeet ~o the

!l

..

/ .,.

•

H-6-(c) MONTHLY REPORT OF THE SPECIAL RELIEF PROJECTS DIVISICN .

FOR JULY 1946

RELATICNSHIP WITH THE NATICNAL OOVERN?lEN1'

1. Routine meetings conqerning CASAS (Comita~o Amministrativo Soeeo~so a1 Senzatetto - Administrative Committee to Aid the Homeless) and the Processing Section continue to be held. · ·

RELATICNSHIP WITH OTHER AGENCIES

2 • • Th~~ i• nothing exceptional to repo~t . upder this heading.

StOO~RY OF OPERATICNS

Processing Section

Omeral

• 1

' " ..

i. .Al.though there has been a small increase in number of' ga~e~ts sorted and repaired and in new garments produced, the month hns been only an average one from the point of view of work done. The chief difticulties to be contended with· have been the shortage of electric power, the lower output of manual labor during the summer ,months nnd the fa1lure of the firms ocntracted by the Italian Delegation for Relations with tlNRRA to continue the improvement in distribution transport referred to l~st month. (H-7-e Para.4). · ·

4. Th• number of workshops and warehouses has increased to 68, 9 new ·workshops having been started while 3 olose_d _sin.oe the last report. Those opened a·re in Bologna (2), Flor'ence (2) and Grott&.f'erre.ta (2) m new produc:tion ,.- one at o_stia for repair._ .. ane at Grottaferrata for shoe repair, and one at Palermo for sorting.

Used Clothing

The number . of garments sorted during the month wa1 635,620 159,676 " "

11 " repaired '" " •~ 11

These figures show a continued increase over previous months.· The number or garments sorted during May was 489,915 and during JUne 516,321, while the comparative figures for repaired garments was 77,268 and 125~349. This inerease is due, partly to the newly organized sorting point ~t Palermo, and partly t~ the tact that, for the first time, enough bales have been received to enable the workshops Jn Naples and Florence to work to full capacity.

New Production . 1

6. Comparative Production f~gures to date are aa tollowa:

Number ct items cut " " garments made

May 167062

7420T

June 340921 165449

July Total .311408 - 819391 251553 - 491209

Th• reduction in the number ot items cut is due to the failUJ"e of the Italian Delegation for Relations with UNRRA to deliv•r promptly the neees&ary sheeting. This re&urreot bottleneck will,,it is hoped, be overcom, before our next report, '

Shoes

7, :In comparison with the record output figure for las~ month, there haa been a sli'ght reduction during the period under review~ This hns chiefly been brought about by frequent laok of electricity.- eausing ·a complete standstill for seTer-al hours wnch day of the cutting and fi~alt-

" 'in'g machines. The monthly figures are a1' follon t

CM 6560

Attachmnt H•6•b

lUJJ.mD 'OF PEBSQJS FED umm THE tlNRR.A -SUPPLEMl!NTARY FEEDmG PRO(!¼! ' .,,

lN MAY AltD JmE 1946. ' , .1, ,,,_ ~ I • ·, • ,._.., •' • • ,, !: .. --"'·' ............ ...: .. bf .. .. ,. ___ ..... ,.._.,.c;._,'""'.

~ \ -:, . .; . ' .. "•" • t- --

<, \ ..... ,\ .. :..,•r..,:i~ .. i.- ..,,.

.. 'r . r J

t P E R I O D • · neported fed by thb Provinces t ·. ,-ny-c-o .... 'o_k_e...,o._,l;:,,1~e-u-1-s-J_B_y_,rt.,_a..:w__,b,...i-s ... t-r1---.-,-----~.1,---, -, butiE>n t T O T .A L t

- , ,-_ -. ----------.. ----------.-----------, ' May 1946 ' ' ·.~· .:. ., ' Jun• 1946 1

!, • t

•

1,072,897 .~ .... ., - .1 ' ' •

837,513 ' 1~910,410 t t . -. ' • '

• I '. 1, 782 I 580 t

· -• (inoomplete tS.gurea) ' ' t ------°'!'-",!""_~.,...~~---~. --,-------.,.....--...... ----

~ ., ' :-. ' ,, ' ·,,:

<K 6SSS

... .., - ... '

Prepared by weltare DiTision - Stati1t1oel Seoticm

(Fi:gm-e·11 auppli<ed by rtali&.n Dele ge.tion) , ~ ~ • .., y; - ., .,

' .. ...

, ...

35. Our major :i.tl:m,dic.te objeotivos ore:-

<X 6555

(a) The completion of negotiations with the Ito.l.ian 1Jelegation on future progrrun plans.

·{b) The reaching of an agreencnt with the Ministry of Post-War Assistance concerning its program ond the type on:1 degree of nssistonce it wishes from tJNlm.A.

( o) .The reaching of' an ngreexoont on revised rules of eligibility for the third clothing distribution ~ to begin in Septerril:>er.

{ d) The ocmpletim of ull tmvel arr~nts tor the persona ohosen for UNRRA fellowships.

•J?lloe'be Ba,nnia1;er, Director, Welfare Divisi~.

("! ,

-6-

oponing. ot tm Rom sohool in Oc 1i:>ber 1946. A two years•· ·· · course is contemplited ·and the cu.rriouium has al.ready been developed. ·

UlffiRA FELLOWSHIPS1

29. · Seven persons were· reoonmended by Welfare Division for the receipt of UNRRA fellC11vships for study a.broo.d. Of the~ .- seven, five were in the field of social work and two in the field ot nutrition. Six of tha candid.ates chose the United States for their ·training ond one co.nclidate chose Engl.end.

30. Two of the candid.e.te:s will leave Italy on 27 July for th~ United States and ODa. will leave en 1 Sep~niber. . Two others a.re now being processed.. .· As yet, Washington ho.s not .finally approved the two-cruiclic.htes reoOJtiimnded for nutrition study. ·

_... : . . . .

~ONS WITH FOREIGN" VOWN:.AE.Y AGENCIES1

..,

31. During:·July considerable tine wa.s devoted to the revision . of .our agreeioonts with the Congregational Service·. Unit and the . · Mennonite. Service Unit. ' The purpose ot this was to formalize · · the relationships of the·se uni ts to UNRRA and. to the Italian Govenurent· so as to assure complete understanding of and agreeIIEI)t wi ~h· respect to · the spe~f'ic. projects tmderta.ken by these group~.

. -32. · The :·Mennonite Service Unit has begun its distribution or clothing to needy persons -in the Waldesian Valley area of Turin , ~~-.· The Congregational Unit hn.s ·moved 35 families . . ( 209 individuals) . from Naples caves into the new b~ncks being built for 500 of the co.ve inhabitants. Last Morch,· the Itnlian Delegation n.:pproprinted five million lj,re for this cave proje_ct; · and the C.ongregc.tionn.1 Urtit ·is currently reviewing its· expendi­tures ,tmd. estimntihg the cost of completing the project in an · ' o.tteq,t to determine whether or not more funds will .be requ:i,.red. When the .five million lire was approprin.tea; it was assumed that' _; thn.t amount would cover the complete cost of the project, and i ~ ~ is . not known at this tiioo whether or not the Italian Delegation will be. willing to conaider a request for additional funds.

REU.T'!-ONS WI'lH THE GOVERNMENT; f

' '·; . ,. . i

33. Our relations with the Italian I>elegation continue to be

·' ..

charo.oterized by mutuo.l respect and oince~ty ond integrity in ✓, working toward comnon objectives. The ·one weakne·ss. noticed in ' the Delegation's work is• its tendency to work co~letel.y on its~ and its.hesitancy in making contacts with estnblished ·Government Ministries for a pooling of. info:nmtion and ideas about f'utu:re~- · programs. . General-ly, the initiative _in getting representatives from 'other Ministries :togethel' with the Delegation, baa to be taken by UNRRA. . . . ..

. 3z.i. Working relationships with sane of the offices within •the ,;. Ministry of Post-War Assistance have improved.. The Ministr.r· as a whole, however, does not lip:.:,enr to be well organized. nor to have a clear conception of its . function as outlined by Government decree. In addition, its understa.rxling of UNRRA•~ work in Italy and. our . relationship to the ·Italian Governmmt is vague .and '?onfused. Now that a new Ministex, -ho.a been appointed, .our plans call .for a IOOetirlg during August wfth him and his key personnel to review· again UNRRA•a work in Italy, our re·lntiona ·with the Ito.lien Goverrumnt, and the·· speoifios of -the Ministr.,• ir plans, for ,the purpose of reaching agree• imnt ,ns to the ·extent fJf UNRRA partioipt:1.tion 1.n these plnna~

,, r" ,.; '-~ '\ •

..

...

. ,..

.. - -.; -

-s-· to adults through ECA ( Ente Conmmnle di Assistenza - Italian Coommal Assistance Agep.cy). The proposal also suggests that the provincial committees of charity and relief ( which have not fun­ctioned in many provinces); the ECA; and Post-Wnr Assistance be cooro.ina.ted into one provincial. corrmdttee for social assistance, which comrni ttee is to be responsi ble locally for the coordination of the welfare p-lans in the provinces. The proposal further Cll.lls for these provincial committees being responsible for the Ministr.y

. of Socin.l Security and Relief.

24. Enrly during the month of July, the Italian Delegntion very firmly indicated to tmRRA its desire to continue the present sup? lomentnry feeding program through December. A decision reached earlier during the Sl.UiiOOr cnlled for continuance of this program thf'ough August at which time further plans were to be considered. When this request for continuation was received from the Italian • Delegation, the Mission reopened its former question a.bout embody­ing within t'-e frrurework of the existing rationing organisation 'the spe~ial ratiQn for assistance ptuposes. · -

25• The proposals which the Mission me.de to the Ielegation during July were ccsentially the saioo as those reported in our April monthly report. Generally. they are, thnt. the Govoll'll.IIent make n finn decision with respect to those welfare programs which it itself wishes to continue through 1947, and, an the basis of this, make modifications in the presen.t1.plon to begin in September. The mnjor modification. would be incorporo.ting aseist~ce ration· scales in the genernl ration plan. ,.. The value -that ·the Mission sees in,;, the latter point is thn.t if incoroprated in the general ration plan, . the Goverrurent would conrnit itself to a continua.nee of tpe program and the necessity for special instructions and specitu. releases of focxl woulii be obviated. Agrcem:mt was reached with the Italian Delegntion thn.t during the month of August and preferably by 15 August, o. firm decision would be reached on this proposal.

26. Several Provincial Committees ind.icnted during the month of Jul,.y lll1 interest in developing a director.y of social agencies so as to assure within the provinces complete infonn.e.tion as to the services offered nnd functions of the different a.@)ncies existing in the community. The 100etings of Provincial Comnittees lo.st month for the j,)Ull>Ose of c onsidering a proper ooordin~tion of welfare services wns largely responsible for this present interest in the davelopmant of a d.irector,y of agency fun:)tions.

27. In Milan, the Provincial COUlllittee and other interested groups ore prt,sently working on a pl.ml for a. sunrrer institute for social service problems. Plans call for the institute lasting three weekg during which tilm ohild welf o.ro problems, eeneraJ. assistanoe pro'b lems, and future welfare services will be discussed. Indivi­du~ welfare o.eencies will give their workers ti?IV3 to attend these ~titutcs roid Italion leaders in tm welfare field will contribute their time for conducting the institute. A financial ~lan for the cost of tho institute has been drawn up totalling l+,364.,000 lire. Of this amount, one million lire has been subscribed by industrial­ists in Mil.rol ;md the Pravi.ncinl. Coomittee is requesting that the Itali3?l Delegation contribute the rest of the .money.

28. A new school of soeinl work - the National School for Social Assistance Workers - is being organized in ~ome. This school is . being sponsoreJ. by several of the National Insurance Institutes, by tm Confederation of Italian Labor and Industry, and by the Itolian Federation of' W'cnen in Arts, Professions and Business. One such school ~as ru.ready been started in Milan am plans call for the

-4-

of Post-War Assisto.noe to con,tact the High Oomm:L~si.omr pf' ,~blio ,-r Health in an attell!)~ to assure that tl.ssignment·s of ioodio;al. SUPPli~b . · to Italian Displaced Persons camps be. made to o.li provinoil:41 ~oc-'· ·' ~ tQrs, and similarly to nssure thnt nll(!cation 9f these sup~lies ,'be" ...... mo.de to the central o:f'fioe of the Ministry of Post-War li.ssisto.nc(, so that it may provide st..pplemento.ry supplies to those oa:mps w)los~ full needs are not met by original o.ssi,gnments.· ' . ·

., • ~ I'•"' l

17. We hl'.ve nlso stimulated the Camps Division of, the Minis~ry ·qt '. Post-Wo.r Assistance to confer with the Ministry of Public Works in ' ·· . an atte~t to· assure thn( n .nuniber of the ho,isea being ~~red; ~ or -' new houses being b'4lt; be set ru,ido for presen:t ~amp resident.a •. '. · ·, . . .. ' . ·~

.. • • • • ,., jt

18, We are presently working with the -'Ministry of ' Foat-War Assist;. · once in the estn.bl:ishment of a ·repatriation office; in tha! :Mini-2 . . stry so · that when i~ is possible to ·:i;-epatriate s0ll¥3 cf the prssen~ camp residents to the fo~r Afriotin colonies an.a elsewhere, the preliminary preparation will al.ready have 'been imde. , . · ::;I 19, We a.re also proposing ~hat que,stions oonoerning Ital~ :g±s- . .". placed Persons ~amps be cqnsidered at the meetj,ng of the C.o- _, J., • ,' 1 :

1

ordino.ting CoIIJid.ttee which was drigino.lly 'esto.bli:shed:·,for the · pur- · ·. pose of f'ol"lllU!at:i.ng policies ·with respect to clothiht ~distribution~. , .

. . • ..:.. _.. . ~ • ~ ·!· • . • ; -~ .:.. •. · r .. .. . ... · •· _,,. . ' t

20. our plans also contempl.D.te the onJ.ling of a meeting during ... August of. the Deler;o.tion anc!, :Minietry of Post-War Assisttince_, so thnt all of the many facets of the ··problems :presented . by t~· Ite.llan, · Displaced Personif program in ·ttazy con be prese1:~ed, ·ana: ,sugge~.ticms_ for solutions be received. · . '·

• • !': ..... ,

REACTIVIATION OF SOCI!iL ~Er{VICES AND COORDINATION ' OF COMMUNITY .' . . ... , 1.

ACTIVI-TY ·FUR WELFARE PURIDSES. , _. ~ '·--~· ~ . ~

21. In our . last month's rep'ort we commented oh · proposo.ls made . ,: ~: by sosre of the prov':i.ncial committees f or future_ we~are plons in , .. · ~ this _country. ·· Dur5~ the month of July n proposal w:J. th respect 'to ., the tinif'ioation at relief in Itnl.y wo.s presented by the Ito.lian . . ~ -Delegation-. Thie proposal is one wl'4ch seems 'sound to the Mi'ssioJ\ . ond the~ problem now presen:t:e·cl is that of the Jte~hod to be us~~ ~ . ,.M,

bringing this proposal ' td- the ~ttention of the Constituent ·Assent>l;t. The Delegntion is presently coµ.Bti:d.e.~ng t~e. ~trategy to. ~ ~so~ I,. t " 1•· h th"'Jp " . . . 1 • • . • . .. • ·! t

0 ll.OQ~. l.B . LJ.8, ' . . " ,· . - . , ' . _ . ··• L , • , • • • ., . I • • t •• f • 1_;. • • • .,_.

22. ··In its proposnl~~ t~1f Iit~i~ ,Dele~atiott' _introduces 0.8 o. . .-· ! ~:"

bnsic concept for · Ital.ion relief', the .ideo. ' thnt every oitizet) haQ , n right to n minimum -standard b~ living which ,i"s due ~ by his ' . ',: Govertirnent. · Eduoo.tiop, employment, old age pens~oh and medical ~- "";~ o.ss:tst~oe are listed o.s the. l"ight1;1 due every 01.t;zen. __ The pro- ~ . ;· posa.l tµ.S(? points 9ut t~t ~t ·present. there exist r in ! _t_aly . 'tob maw . independent mid_ public _welfro.-e a~rtoiea :"1;1~ch, due · to the:~ o.bsenqe" ,_ , of a comnon policy, have. f\motioned in a: Iilrlnnex_- wl\ioh has yielded. . poor and superfioio.f results, 'because• of .t6wriap~ing, 'dupiiontit>n · ... ~ and diffusion of effort. -

23, · For ~ solution ~ these, .. propos~lt tlil ·na1~atihn pi:oposea. .· i.

tha.t o. Central Ministry of Social ,Seaur:l.'ty and 'Re+iet' be estabius~.d . which Wb'qld ho.ve three rno.ip branches;· one .fq:x: ,.,;irl$ll'~oe and ' · ·· accidents, ·one for· p~blic .henl th services ~ - one· ~or, soa~al- _ . ,. o.ssistD.noe. It is proposed ~hat the · tattQr ooordino.te plans for ,. aseistoo:ce- to children through institutions, S'\ltltmr colonies and outdoo~ reU,ef' through ONMI ( Opera Na.zion.~e M~ternita e Int~zia ~ .­N nti~al Mo.terna.l -ona Obild, Welt);i.re :t?).ati tute), -~ r .or asl!Sist.onoe .:·~

, • . =.,;_,~ , ; • . * , ·~ ,. .. ~ l,l .. ~ "' _ .~. , , ... ,

CH 6555

-3-

12. The inatructiai :\,s considered to be a good one, and one which camp comnandants should not hc.ve much dif'ficul ty in following. Not only nre speci:f'ic instructions with rc:3pect to evacuation giyen, but there are aloo presented.. in the instruction general prin­ciples in aocorfumce with which the Ministry operates, and a state­imnt of philosophy about the purpose ond organization of crunps. The instruction calls fo:tj the diElcharge from all camps, on the ba.ais of no need, of persons earning sl,lf'ficient money to support their families and themselves. Provisiqn is made for the possi­bility of such persons continuing .to live o.t the camps should they not be able to find loc¾ing elsewhere, but it is made clear that they are not to receive any extra rations or services of the cnmps. The instruction also ca.Us for t);le lllOVement of theme persons who necessarily must remain in camps to onmps located in provinces where they resided before the war. The purpose of this meaBUre is to iu.ove the refuge.es near their hoxoos and to give them an opportunity to resume their fon:oor occupation in familiar surround­ings. Another provision made in the instruction is that all refugees from Venezia G;iulia, Dalmatia, Tunis and the Italian colonies are to be concentrated in a few speciu;t. camps. _ The Mini­stry also proposes. in this ciroulo.r to provide a terminal grant of a.ssistanoe for t~e months, as well as a -gi:-ant of clothing to those refugees who leave comps and are repntriated to their coIIIIll.lDas of ~~~ . .

13. Each oonth since MDY when Welfare Division nsSUIOOd respon­sibility for world.ng with the Italian Gove:tn!!¥mt on its program for Italian Displaced Persons, Field Welfare Officers have been be­ooming more acquainted with the individual re:f'ugee en.raps. Reports received to date indicate th::l.t an tre whole throughout the country, conditions in these camps nre most unsatisfactory. The Division · recognizes tho.t the prob~.em p~sented by this group of persons is one of majo:,;- proportions about which it can do l;ittle until the Italian Goverrurent itself is in a position to launch larger ra­houqing, resettlemen~ ond e!nploYtrent progrrune.. The comps a.re generally overcrowded, sanitary and. health conditions are bad, and until the formulation of the evacuation order, little if' anything was done by the Ministry of Post-War Assistance to identify tba camp popul~tion on1 to weed out the ineligibles. ·

14. In soxoo areas in Italy, localities are making an ettort to reach a satisfactory solution of some of the problems pz,esented by these large concentrations ~ peoples in .displaced persons camps. In Ca.gliari, Sardinia, a repair and rebuilding program of 18~ , flats for the more Woll-to-do sinistrati ~ns been completoa. In three locnlities. of Cagliari 185 flats ore in tha process of com­pmt~on, and the building of an additional 115 fl.a.ts is being con• templntecl. In this area tre Govemxoont ho.a also made a grant towards 200 "case minine", or small houses for poor-people to be let at a very iow rri.te. I .t is in these houses that the Sindaoo intends to settle tho present population of tha two camps of the city.

I 15. In helping the Ministry of Post-War Assistonoe to attempt to identify soim of it~ problems·, and to begin steps towo.rd the solution of them, tpe a:m,roach of the Welfa.re Division has been e. multiple one. Tll6 first step taken, as has been reported, wns tha st~tion of the prepn.ration of an order for identifying the canq, population and repo.triatj,ng those not eligible for ca.mp core.

16. With ~speat to nedicai supplies for tre crunpe, we have suooeeded in interesting the medical supp~ officer of the lliniatry

CM 6555

t

begin in September, revised rules of eligibility would be prepa.red. Proposed revisions in tbq.se rules which co.11 for a distribution of clothing to needy children and. woxoon receiving services from es­tablished o.genoies, institutions, etc .. , ns well as distribution to persons ol.o.ssi:f'ied n.s refugees, were prepargd by the Italian Delegation office eo.rl.y in July.

7. Despite the fact that these D3W rules of eligibility were formuln.ted in a simple o.nd cleo.r fnshion, ond gnvo assurance that a. oore equitable distribution of clothing among needy pcm ,ns would be accompl.i.shcd, they ,vere not nwroved by the Cool'W;nating Comnittee on clothing distribution, Objeotion to the rules was presented by the Ministry of Post-War Assistance which felt tho.t all used clothing brought into Italy should be tro.nsferred to that Ministry for the use of refugees. :F\l.rther conferences on this qu,stion are being scheduled and it is hoped that by the end of the present month o. satisfactory solution to this question will be foond,

8. Most all of the SUIIllIBr colonies planned for neeey children began operations during the month of July, As reported in our last report aclditionnl foods were made available for these summer colonies. In ,o.dd.ition, supplies of soap were procured for the colonies and during August the Health Division disinfestation teems will visit all of the colonies.

9. Welfare representatives in the field are beginning to report definite a.dvantc.ges o.coruing from the Mission policy to remove from the Welfare Division all responsibilities for observation and checking of supply problems. The presence in the field of representatives of the Bu...""'eo.u of Requirements and Distribution has freed the welfare workers to cn.rry on their own special work, such ns: a.dvising on too selection of recipients, mathod.s of distribution and record keeping, md observing o.nd reporting on distribution prnctices. In c.ddition, as n result of being relieved of supply activities, w:cJf'o.re officers are now o.ble to give more tixoo to enoouro.ging the developI113nt of local social w:elfnre activities.

10. During July a decision wns reached to disoontinue as of 31 August, the special feeding progrrun in Ca.rbonia. Since JainJDry, supplemmtary foods have been distributed free to all employees of the Mining Co. in Carbonia., not on the basis of med, but solely on the bn.sis tbnt they were employees of nn essential industry. Ina.srm.1ch as special ration scales for essential in-dustry are now in effect, there appeared to be no f'urther justi-

•

ficn.tion for this ppecial progr~ This decision does not howeVQr, preclu:le the provision of supplet00nto.ry f'oods, on a basis of need, through whatever welfare plans arc in effect in Onrt>ania.

ITALIAN DISPLACED PERSom I

11. In this n.reo. of work, the Ir.oat important event of the month was the signing by the Ministry of Post-War Assistance of a. oir­oular on the evo.cuation of refugee camps. In our lo.st monthly report we reported that on impn.sse had been reeched an securing ap::_Jrovo.l of this circular which was prepared by the Minis try c£ Post-War Assistance representatives at the suggestion of UNRRA. The circular hn.s not as yet been released, but it is expected thnt it will be sent to a.U camp oOll'IOro'ld.Mts this week.

CK 6555

..

. ,

• H-6-b. MONTHtI REPORT OF THE WELP.ARE DMSION

~R JULY, 121.t§a .

INTRODUCTION, . l. During July the major emphasis in the Division's work was on stilmllating tho Governr.ient to cor:\plete the fonm.·lo.tion of plans tor future welfare services o.nd. on a cla:rif'icntion of rur relations with tho Ministry of Post-War Assistnnce.

2. With respect to· future welfare planning, the Gove:r:TJJmnt was onoouraged to consider two facets of the question: (a) too desirable nnture of a. w. ol'are program from Septer.iber to December, tl19 period of tiire when UNRRA would still be in Italy, and. (b) the nature ond scope of the program the Governmant wished to con­tinue through 1947 after UNRRA had left Italy.

3. All the goals which we set for ourselves for the la.st month were not possible of o.ccomplisbment dur:ing July. Our accomplish• menta <luring July seem less truigible then thooe reported during previous months, but they represent steps tnk.en tCJNn.rd tho eventuo.l o.ohievement of our long term goo.le, Our mnjor nccomplishmehts were a.a follows:

(a) The reo.ching of nn o.greemnt with the Government on time limits to be met by it in presenting its plans for future welfare activities.

(b) The signing by the Ministry of Post..Wo.r Assistonoe of tho instruction which repretents the first step token by that Ministry in its eva.cuo.tion of Itnlio.n Displacec1 Pereans Co.mps.

( c) The settlement of the many problems arising in oon­noction With the special feed:l..ng program in Oarbonia..

100D AND CIDTirrNG DISTRIBUTION, ' 4. More oomplete o.nd accurate statistical reports on the m.mi:>era of persons fed during Mey through the UNRRA supplerrentary feeding program ( for needy chilq.ren and nursing mil expectnnt mothers) were received from the Itapan Delegation Office during July. These reports show tho.t 1,910.,410 persons r.ere fed under the UNRRA supple­mentary- feeding progrnm in Mey, 1,072,897 by cooked mo.ls o.nd 837,513 by ra,v f.ood. distribution. ( This is a correction of the figure given in lo.st month' a report - Pam. I+ of H-7-b ond. Attnch­ment H•7-b-(i).

5. All prcwinoos have not o.s yet filed oomplote reports for JUM. I:d complete reports reoeived to do.te for June show n feeding ot l, 787,580 during tho.t month. This figuro is lower than those reported for preceding months for two reasons (1) the inoorrq:,loto return.a and (2) the :f'o.ct thnt no distribution took ~lace during Jwie in one province ( Cmipobnsso) and one comnune ( Carboni.a) because of deleys in the receipt of focd.

6. T.M distribution of used clothing to siniat:mti ( wnr sutterera), protugbi ( refugees) and bonibed out persons continued during the month of July. When responsibility far clothing distribution was trensforred to tm. Welfare Division on l May, agreenent wns reo.ehod with the Ital.inn Do legation c.nd the Ministry of Post-War Aasist-e.noe that prior to the next distribution of olothing scheduled to

()I 6.555

... -

• - 3 -

and absolute risk of loss for thia property will pnss to UNRRA only on the date that UNRRA eleots the items it desires to purchase, Payment for property that 'QNRRA elects to ?l.U"chase will be made by UNRRA in e.ccorda.."1.ce with standard procedures tor the procurQment of military surpluses from the governments concerned. Purchase procedure will be initiated by UNRRA within 45 days of the submission to UNRRA of classification and prices of the items desired.

, (4) Expendable supplies, such a~ rations, medical and sanitary supplies, faun~ in the camps and other displaced persons installations taken over by UNRRA at the time of the effective date of this Agreement will be transferred to UNRRA .without pa~_nt,

ARTICLE IV

PROVISI(ll'f OF SUPPLIES

(1) SACMED, for administrative convenience, will continue to make rntions available for Displaced Persons for whom UNRRA is responsible and for UNRRA personnel until the effective date of this Agreement. However, UNRRA will reimburse SACMED only for rations ~de availa.ble after suoh da.te • · UNRRA will, at the election of SACMED, either reimburse SACMED in kind for re.tions made available after the effective date of this Agreement, or pay in sterling or dollars for such rations in accordance with sudh prqcedures as may be determined by SACMED. Such teimbur·sement will be made by tlNRRA within ~hirty days after the submission of a statement concerning the rations supplied by SACMED. If the reimbursement is made in kind, UNRRA, within the limits of its resour.9es, will furnish an approximate equivalent of the rations supplied by SACMED.

. . (2) SACMED also agrees. that UNRRA will have right to purchase surplus military rations after the termination of SACMED 1s undertaking to supply rations,

(3) DNRRA assumes no financial responsibility for the care. maintenance and repatriation of displaced persons prior to the effective date of this A~eement.

1'.RTICLE V

TRANSPORTAT ICN

(1) Effective from the date of this Agreement, arrange­ments for transportation o.f displaced persons for whom UNRRA is responsible will be made by UNRRA with the appropriate civilian transport authorities • .

(2) 01ly where it is necessary to use military transport or military~controlled transport, will arre.ngements be made with the military transport authorities.

(3) No transportation charges will be borne by SACMED, except in respect of such di~placed persons as remain a military responsibility.

RS 6231 DP

' ~ . ARTtyLE VI ,

1• ,

.,,,.. t f I I I'

EFFECTIVE DATE •• This Ao-eement becomes effective l August 1946.

FOR THE UNITED NATICNS RELIEF FOR THE SUPREME ALLIED AND REHABILITATICN ADMIN ISTRATI0N1 COMMANDER, MEDITERRANEAN

(signed) S ,ll. Keeny

S.M. KEENY CHIEF OF ITALIAN MISSION

. Signed. Rome, 15th July 1946,

,.~

RS 6231 DP

-••,

. THEATREs

(signed) M.W,M.Moteod

M.W.M,:MoLEOD MAJOR GENERAL CHIEF OF STAFF•

...

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DISPLACED PERSONS DIVISION REGISTRATION ANO REPATRIATION BRANCH

NAM( \ I/ M F OVUt OVE~

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UNITED NATIONS

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RELIEF AND R EHABILITATION AD~INISTRATION IT AL IAN M ISSION

BURE AU OF R E L IEF S E R VI CE S

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DA DZ OC.

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Attachment H-6-d-(iv)

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F rnHl"iU'IIC,,,""ATwln""N"'---~ -___.__, _ _, qoa .Ill I 2 I I U, I 5 I I I 'fq 2_,_ __ -r--++..:5-1-..:li::+..:3:.:.0.+-++..:11<::+-+-Hf---1-2,::c...+-l----'l-1---i-'2,~--'q-l---ll----+-----+-I--I,- 1- 3 J.(fl 2, l~J_O _ f- I~ f- __ _ _ I, I 1,3 I, l--'2~--+ • G SPECIAL / !\ UIS 1111 l S l, 2. 1'10 ~ I, 10 l-'1,-t-_l--+--1--l,~l.--;,-1- 2,_._~ I ~'- q'--l--+--+-+--'3'-+-+-rlJ.-f-...:.11.:..S+..:IO:::,:,.c+-+1~'-2,==,.+:-I +-++,.+ l...:.'1+-+-'":c.+--i-!-S J---'C'l,l+.:..l --+---l__.:.,l --+--l-->--l-___.:1--1-.!'.g-J-_1----'.-l ~ l,.:.i'l:.:3.._~li+~ IObt 11, 11. I 3 !I I 118 q 8 b

~J:i PR0fESSl(JjAL -ARTS__ V \ -11-...:.'ll:.::l.+..:,:.l.'f-'-I I----I-+"..:.... _ '- - I I I IO'l 5 I & 1. I I+ I I I 1,1. 5 3 lo 2, 2, 3 I! 107 J.-0 8' I 7 5 I I 1'7 I I I, .t J..71, 2, gt, ?.0 2, I I t 11t~ IS S 10

1. 1 METAL TQADEs / _ - 1-l\_,,___1-+a:..:.s.:..i7 f-'-1q:+--1H1--+-+--+--+--+--+-+-1--++-+--=-' +-1---=-' -+--l--+--+-+--++LO==-i ,_ '1 I /.5 1 I .1.1.& 5'I 3 ._ -+--1----+--+----J----+-1----<- ___ 1_1_,__! 11

K Hiscw A..cous I/ \ w. us I u-+----,1-1~' -1--1-- ' 1--+-l-'-",s-1--11-+-+-+--'-J.'---1+---+-++""''+-i1-+-+--+--1--+-=1+"-+-=1.:.:.o-1--1'-'-1++-+'l'c...:.q-1---1--1-++-+-+--+--1-.:....' +..:1+--1-_1-+--1f-.-l-1---1--1-..:.'-1--1-+J.q:..:.:!:J+.-1--1-!:...l1 ,i.i. 1, s "'5 J.. " I I"\ 11 TOTAL I/ I-.:- II 11+- '1 I+- (,51 II, I 1/. ;5 2,':i S 110?. I, 10 51 1 '1 '1 I IS 1'7J. .I, I I 2, ~0 I+& 1 I 3 6 10?, 20 20

- -- --lh-"--1/C.:::l.-fU.:C:..:...~ -l--"\0.:..+1'>'-S---JI 1-1..c.:12.+ IS~f,+-=&'7..:..+t.+ ~--l~ ..:cl'l..:.;S04'~::::.+--=-sqc:cs i.::J.8..c.8..:,0 ,-:1::...b"+"!-'-1 +-'ll-+-10='-;;_1. 1-"'-'-' -+-"J.-'-S+:-Ji.t..:..+1::..+=-!1.:..:M>+ ~-'-'71-+~=-=l+l,:.:.!1-ll-~+ J+.i,-+-11,:_~+-'l'l-'-2, +:l"-1.7-J-=2.:..:U+ l'>+ l"-O'lO_l-fWJ.c:.=+1::::10..:01+1\+=-6 t=-~=-=S.::,1 1-'l+"/,6:::.+-i...:6:.+=U+'l-+-=-"+-'"...:.' j-~::..:....je:,:16:+=:t;J+.i,~.:..:'q.:." ~ "5+ 1~10:..J- -1:l:.:.b-1-lbl U )l!;g ~ 'I~ .U.51~ 68 M S0/+7 "5/,& L1 Z .l,h 11% ; 10 ~as ~o 11'71> I~ 111>8 I.I

/

'

15 I

1

;, t;j,E):'{,!-~!l!~\-i;u~v V 11 a.) IN UNDO.o. O~E!ert~ / _ - l---+--+-f',c--1t--+-+--t---lf---l---t---lf---l--t-, -+--t-t---1-. -, -1--,-+---1-+-,-t---t--t -

- - 1-- -- -+---!--'JI f---1- -" b) 1N HACHSHAAOTH _ ~ .I ~ " TOTAL V '\ I I

TOTAi CH CH OOYS GIRI.S M F M F -

" ~r~ o-, 1-s s-14 s-,~ 14-18114-11°1:" ~, .. ~

1%. /t'i"5 11

l---i---l-__j.._--l--+--+--l----+--l-----+--+-----,1-4--l--1----l---tl 3 ,...__

'- - 1- --t--+-+-+-t-++-:-t-+-+-+-+-:-+--l---l--+---+-+-+-+-1---j---J..---+--i----+-l-+-l---l---l---l----+--+ - -33 1, _ _ 2,-l----l--+ I t-~':--l-=-.t+l::..t+++.).4c:,-4--+--l-+-1--l-l--l---+--+-+...:3:..+-+--+-H-+- -+--l--'l,::...+--l--i--=5..:'7.+--l--+ccl0""S+-=+-++-lf-'-l -l---+--l---+-+--++"c3+--+--+-+-'-l5:..:'l'-I _ ~ ._

~~i, I I I ~81 ~ ;53 15 2, I .tS "I J, ~ .t I l. I U l, 11, I 1>11 I )t8 .t Ji7 lt5S 15 ~ I SI l,10 1, 51:,

- - -

TOTAL

22."' bb

1/.3'1

210& 'IE.I

'1 3'1._ 1:,108 ll'll,

;% 'l!'l

1&~'10

IJ..Ul ,.,

t;lb

ltS'7

1'1'7~

" AC OPEAATfD r.AMP~ '~ " AVERSA ~ I ,_ U w.l---',::..l i_c:31:+'.2"-'S'-l--1:.=.l+'l-"1:::.>t'J'"")\-t--"4--ll ~i++ 1.=-+-+:-=ll,:...+....:q+ l:..:.q+ 1"-1 +-I +-1-+-IH-'1'--+'J-=8+-'-I +-+-'3'-+'-'-J.1_8+-l-t--lf--1 -+-+-=l,:...+-'-1-1--+--t---t--l --t-"-'11.-1-1'-+-+--+--+-l"'-)t-+--"-li-l-lcc.S-t-+-+-Q-+-+-+-l---l-'.l.e::3+-+-=--I -1---1-9"--1--j--f--l--H-+--l---l-.!!.2,--l--+-'8::....+-'.l,"-"8-l--:....I -l--1--1-'-=13-l--+-+--+-:=.:l,~:+--+--l--l-.:!..S--l--+-'-I +S.:..:~c:.7Hf--++-'l.:...8 + "=--+-'3"-1 -+--J 1;81

" BAGNOLI DPASC 2 31 .::I.D::+-.,_,l~+-'.25==-+-'l'-=1-+--=4-t-"'ll..:.,;,rf+'-U-:-1+-)'-'3+--+--l---1--+-+--+.:..:ll'-f--t--l _t---l-+--l---l 7_ .- 1-4-+----l•-1-- ._ ..:.l_ l---'H-+--t---t-+--+-f--+--+--+-+-"70'-+-t--t--Hl--+---+-+...:l-+-+-l----+ +-5~- --+--l---+--1-l-----1--1---+-----l---+-'-'ll,:..+-Hi--1-=6"-'l~'+--+--l--+-+-Hf---+-~ ---+-i---l-l--+-+=5c.::; ..::.* i-..:..' +..:.13::...+--l---f-'-11&0 " BARLETTA-TAANIDl>IUG ~ ~~ ~S5 l-'-'l<l"-l.l-l:..:..51+ 1:c.51-I-J.:cli-+:l.11_1+ ~-:-:-it--5'1-IH l-+--+--+--+- -+--+-t--:l--t--i-l-+--lc--l---+--+--+-+--+-+-l--+-'H-+--t---t--l--l--f--+--+--+-+--t--t-f--+-+--+--+-+-+-l------l---1--11----+-----+--l--l--+-+-l-+--ll--+--+-'-'1S=.,O'l'-'-+--Hl--+--+-+-l---1--1-++--+f---+--+-l---l--l-++-- +---I _ 7S0'7 "~ONE DPov f I U II• 10 II I, l,02, IU ll. o I .%,'1 1--,~ _ I, _ )..OS ~ SENIGALLIA DPIISC 7 15 50 bJ. U 15 II 171 IH 10 1 J.S'I l,I J.il " FERMO DPIISC 8 l, /.I 'JO 55 ~I J.1 13 1503 471, I.I ! 1 1 " l.1).2, ,!.WS 40 SERVIGLIANO DP11SC ~ 10 I\ 13 I& 71 U, il.O 1_'T!_ It. _ 11.51 _ 115 1 ., JESI DPASCIO ll 3'I 2.3 U II 14 1,61 ,UO 35 IOU, _,_ 1016

., BOLOGNA D0115CII 1. 1. 1 2, 155 3" l, 1.1 ~ I 3 I 3 ~ 5 IS b I 8 11" ~ _ l'lq

.., BOLOGNA DPP.Scl2 107 5 'T 13 I, l, l--l -+'-'ll,.:.:0+ &3--¼-'5"'-l--1--1----+--+--l--+-H ~-t---f--l--11----+-l- l-- ~-+--l--+---+-l---ll_..:....I -f--l---l-+--+--t--+-l--+--+-+-:-+,--l---t--+-f-C.' --+--+--l--+-+--1--1--1----+--+---l--l-+--+-l---l--ll----+--l--+-+-'Sc...+_ -l--l,.....:....I --+-q'--l---l---+---+-+-l---lf----l--l--Hf---+--1--1--l-~ili,::+-'-l-+~lt..:..q +--+ l,\'7

.. RtGJilQ -(t11LIA DP11SC 13 .l,~ J!._ l ~ JO J!_ ::.:.u,'--f'· -=-•s:+u::..:'l+l:..:..5-1--+-'-1--1---1--+-+--+-t--'7-t--+--+--l----l-3=--l--l--l--l---l---+-+-i-'J..5=-!l---+--+-J--=!-l--+--+--+=.!'°+_j..:.t --l--'3:..;;"+=io::...+-''-='7++-l-~=~.:.+--+-.:..I -+--l--l---l-..j...!'."6::....,__-1--1...::'SJ.~--l---l--l-+-l--"-I -1------+--1---1--1--'-1'1!.....j..._-l--l-=' os:.!.+-'-l-l---l--l------+-';c...+--l-+--+-+--+--l--+-l--Hf--'•'-+.:..:16+...::11,::+-i--➔ 911; ~ REGGIO-EMILIA OP11SCl4 '1 1'1 13 I! 3 It- 5/l, J.'1 I> Sf,l, I 8 I 2.1, ,_,;_ -~ W,

" TRIESTE DPIIS_£fl _ >-- iO ' %, I /+. I 2, I I II+- _ ,ti, 47

UOINE OOAScl8 & ._!_ 1-+-11--I +-+-'l'-"&+.,_l -l-----lf---l---+-----+--1--l--l➔--l-l--"/+.-+-Hl--=-l +-+---+---1--1--l---l--+-+-1--l---l----+-l---1--1--+---l--l--1--~-l-+--l-+-!--='-+--+---+----+-l--->--l----1--l--l---+--1---+--l--1-+-l--l---ll----+-----+---l---l--lf-'-l --+--+-l--l---1--1--1--'l+-+---+-----+-l---l--l-+-1--'l:..+-+-').."-l--+ 2,1 41

BOLZ ANO _ DPIUC 19 I~ ~ 1'1 l--'-:'.13--1-'q,c_'- -J-!.'l&e,_µ'W.=Jf-"'W.::::.:..J___.:IO"--l--l----l,.._.-+--1----l--+--+---l--'1:.=.i -1---1--+---1---1--+--1-1----1---1--1---+--1--+--+--l-+,!_3 -+--1--1----f---l---l~--+1:.:.::IW.~--1--1--1---1--l----+--l--1----+--l----l---+-+----1--+--l----l--1---1--j--l-----l-_j--1---l---1--11---+---+--l---+---+-_j-J----l--j--l---+--+--l---l----+-+--';'--+-l----l---11---l-11% .. '° TOTAL AC 0=1° 115 5'11 76&_ 4-i.'I 380 5'10 311,. IOO'l1 m1 60'1 i+ '-06 8 co 15 ! 1,.18 I 61 I 10 I 11 I ~ 3 60 11q'7 107 3'11 2J. 8 17S S 1'S81 I I SU I.ISi /.O ,too .. 11 UNRRA ASSISTANCE

.. I. IN UAr-Ut;.UARQTH 14 2 ... TOWNS

1-55 TOTAL~\'!':,""!'=

57 UNRRA OPERATED

CAHPS

SI S.M.DI BAGNI _ Ill!._

., S.M.DI LEUCA IT __3_5

'° S.CESAREA IT 36 61 TRICASE IT 39 61 BARI IT31 63 CINECITTA IT 33 ~ MILAN _ IT 77

" TURIN IT 17 66 GENOA IT 71

" CREMONA IT 82 " FORLI HOSPIT~ !t!_ .. -·

(CH) (M) (F)

t--t--+---+--1----t----, 402, 51.1' .U.13

1~)5 M.00 3~8~

l'll'I W.SS'l'!<l

35 3'5

15 q IS q

ltAI II 2.1

IJ.~1 II h.t. 101. 10.t ' 6

i 1 i .t

" " '1118 /+/:,0 I, I /lt'1 It!. '-1,. J,qq I, 1 lbOO

s 'T ;q t 5 '1 1,1 2.

10

10

10 1 I, 1'1

,. " .t~ '1 7

'I U.17 ;

7 "'qo ~

2,

10

10

l,'I

IOS

; ~ l'!iF; J.O

; 3 l'?Olt J..t

- - - -l--1--+--+---+-+--l---1-1-1--+--+-l--l---l--+-+-l---l--l---+-+-+-ir--t- - -I.I 15 31 ~3 l'5/, 58 llllt 54) 'Tl '--'-- _..:.,I ,l--+-l--l--l--!g~5+-'1-+--l---l--J--'.l-+-l-+--+-+--+-IH.!.!l'l'~5+--+++-+--J--.!l+-lf--l----+--i--:-~.t'1!....J-..'!ll>:.+-++!:U.:'..:'l-l--l---l---l---l----+-+.:c!.G-l--l--+!!./.-"-0~1++-l--l-+-l---l----+..:.l•=--l--l--l-'-ll~'l~~+-+~li!.!7!+-'i!..-l-+--l----+-"!....l--+--l----+-+--++"'IJ.++--+-+:l..!.'1 :....I +-"5+-"3-+

I 1A I, 10 11 5'l 3" qg3 354 J.l. I 1,; ii, 2, 2,; 11 '11 bb 5 &/+)I- ;5q ~ 'I Ji. l+_ _ 10 3 3 q Yi 32. ,,'5 115 J.I I l, 51, lit 1,.1 ~ 1/+ S SSI! 150 I i

..J I 5 i 3 I.I 31 1,.'l/. lil. l.O a'l I IIS I 1 11 1 qq 12, >- ,_ _ '1 ,!,b_J_ 10'1 I, 1 12. I. 1'1 l'l 2.~ _ I, 11. '1 1.8& 1% l+I. 8 l, '- l, 32. LO ! 5 I I '2 q 'i'7; 11 10 I ,l'l ~ 11. ;i, I I 1'1 l, qo .J!_ S

II 51 10 11 11 5 ~84 2.11, 10 1 ; ':i SO I, 1"--1 ..J-..'.l+~---ll-/+!!:.-f.!.!15'--1-----11-i!!....i-..!!.z'---l--l~/.Oc=..+-':...+-+--+--+--=-; --!-'2,"'.-l-_l--l-!....jl 4" 1~ 1>'1 b& I ; I I I+ I, i&S J,.i IS llo 1. .t ?/+ ~ l. 5_ 11_ ~'o 1"'.:0.=..l j....lfl~~ t -1--..J.-.!'-+-1-+--+-l- +-l--'-7+-+-+-l- 1~-!--+--+-l-+--+-H!:!.J.::..; +--+-+-+--+-+-'''-+-~1~-Hr-+.t=-+---"-S++-f-.!l,-!-'1+-+---l-+-1--++ -I--H ..!,.:.+-ll---l--J 11i '10 ; 2. +=--' +-1---+-+-'''--+-'~'--I ;s _ ~

J.'T 11+ II+ II, 1~ _ q ~lc.:ll&~l~1=~+ 5:'..':&c.J.--1----+- +.-..'..1+-l'---+--++.!!l++-l-+-+--+..:.l--l---l-+--+-l-+-+-l--'-'li-+-IH-+~t-+-1--l--l--H-:-:+"--1+-H-+.:::b'-+1+-l--+---+- H l---i----+-l-..:.I +-l-+--+-++-+- -1-'-I +-l--f-!'.; =.:51+-l-+.!.:Jq~E,+-+--l---l--l--H-+-+--t--H 4. I __

1 13 15 10 'l 10 15& &b g _ _ ~ ,_! l- -1--+-'-I +-'2,C-1---l--+-1 -+--+-l--+--+-+--1--H--t .:,_l +-t-+-'5'+-11---+---+-+-+-+-i"-'5:..+--l-+++-=1:.++-l--+-l--H -'-I -i----+-+-11---+--I--HH-+--+--:---l--+-+____.:_'l+ .1,~-+-+-~b~+--+-...:.1+++--+--t-+-t--t-+--=1++-"5-+-I ~ _ ~ 20 Ii lt LS 1~ 2q m t'II ~ ,_,_ I 10 I I _ 1---1--11--1-- _ 2,l J. lb .!. i:, 1,,1.1, lo~ ;

__ I 3 -- ; I

,_

I! q ~'o 1 I %_ '1 I+ 15 g 5 - 5 s 10 '7 152. It I I SI (. J.2.0i 2. 11,.5~ 50 b ,. I-- I'S 15 I I 10 'TS 11 II 12. Z01; 15 11+ 10'7 ?I 11 11 l I 2.1,() '1U u•u b 1. 177 II l 'l '1& '1 I'., 10!,<li 5 gg 3 1, '1 10 ,~

Q,;11

1&5"1+

11.11

1502, qi.1o

-11 I.% 18 II ll 2cm I" v. 11'1 J. 1,~ 1 i.1 3 i. !10 1'1111 11.'lq 6 1, mt .t 5 II i I, 82. l:i 15 J.'i\ (, I I 1. 7 io '7 11 nint " >.t.J.l ie7 10 I'll, J. 1, 12, 10 I (,'17 '1 \ t.J.','7 10/o itAO 1'.,2, ·- ~ 'iJ.l,

1-r.O"'ALD.PS IN UNRRA "' ,, . NClAC01'£um CN105 ~ '1'1', qu '-1+'-~ 1001 i.11 1'51.&& ~qq~ ,.!l_'.!O 1+ . .!!!

a.a. ~ ... DEP, CHIEtoiMiss«,N, BUREAU OF RELIEF SERV ICES

·----

'7 /+~~ I .!_ "- "11. 5 15 It 17 I ;11 I J. IU 1\15 800 .t I 51 Ii+ 11782. ;

• lETTERS 1MME.DIATUY UNDE.l NATIONALITIES Mf. ;.t91[VIATIONs US(O IN P'l.Aa Of NATIONALITY THIOUGHOUT THE CHAU. E. G. ThtN Greeb r~rl-.d to ,-.s1tne would .,,.. - Jollows uncNI' COMM ~ Gr-': , l l'l..

* * NON DETE RMINED {ITALIAN.1) 21 TO VS 3 TO TR 5 TO ER .al. AUH RIANS

1MA z Pl 3 AS 1u&<

1uR £ BRITISH z EG

2 ER 2

MA I PL

43 SF

2 TR&. HUNGARIANS

1AT 1As 'eE 4 az 2 co 'PL '3vt: & POLES 12AM 9 AS • BZ S co I CR 1cu 3EG 15 PL • vE .£ JUGOSLAVS 1uK 4Ec 'oo 'eR .£ STATELESS z PL "'co I VE

~ NON DETERMINED (ITA llANS) 'AT3 AS 2 CO 2EG 46 FA S PL 4 PE 7 MA (TANGIER) z T K 2? VS

*,,* INCLUDING 125'7 NE\ol ARR IVALS ANO LESS 515 DEPARTURES

15"1 '1~5 I, 11,; 1 I " I ~'1.!. 4.

L/ iflRECTO&'I, DISPLACED PERSONS DIVISION

*."

• Att~~hment H-7.-a

!{)R JULY 1946.

-~TRODUCTION

1. The strumT.lc to maint~.irt an even distribution, of flour and_to avert the n€:cennity for another temporary reduction in the bread rn.tion, a:3 occurred J a::it mo:-:1th, was the main conc<:.;n1 of this negion duri111,~ JuJy. l!1or, apart from having only fiv-e days' :Cl.our on hand on 1 ,Tuly., the slowness of the amassing :i.n ito initial stages and the inaCeg_uatc milling facilities contributf.ld to a rathc:r gloomy bread picture.

2. The arrival, however, on 15 July of the S.S. "John p. Poo" with 8500 tons of Arge1.tinc grain had an eluctr:Lf'ying effect on the situation, an,'1. oignalJ ed the ir.:uncJ.iatc inortaae in the bread r r..tion to the l'.uthorizcd. 250 gram.':!. Meanwhile, 1,000 t ·ons of fl.our were r.eque:"'!tecl from the ma.inland to r.uuce up for the r,oor milling arraneements already referred to. •

3• The third factor contributing to the; r:1orc sa.tiafe..ctor.1 position o.t the end of the month was that, although a poor etart was made 1n the early days of the month due mainly to wet ·weathor and lack of equipnent, o.nd in spite of the hootilc attitude of the villa.gore in

1 some sections of the islc.nc1, noverthele3a the ama.asing total for Juzy wan 29,000 tons, · ·

'-~ • In s_pite of numerous difficulties over the org.'.mization and control of the Surrmer Colonies, the plans of the previous months have now, almost without exception, been cai~ried into effect; and dotted o.rowid the coast and high up in the motmtains are to be -fowid these ._ cent:0l's full of boys and girls of e.11 l'l.ges, to whose happiness Ul'l1UA has been able to mo.ke so gratifying a contribution. An encouraging feature is tho good ty:ve of perGonnel employed in these colonies - most of them keen young teachers.

5. The Region was strengthened with tho r,.du.ition this month of an Agriet1lt1.u~al Specialist nnd. 1: .. n Information Officer,

PUBLIC TI'W'0RMATI0N

6. This section c0Ine into being on the recruitocnt of an _Information ~fficE:r and the first of a series of weekly 0.l."'tioles on m~tRA I s activities ,~s published during the month. An articlu on W-.aRA' s v.'ork in Sardinia w'ith illustrations was also publ ish€Jd.

Health

a. Supplie~

7. The second medica1 supply distribution has now been checked in oll Provinces, revealing a. few shortages and breakages. In Caglia.ri Province the P-J."ovincial Medical Officer is endee.vouring to dispose of his ENDJJ,'IE.A (Ente Dist:cibuzione Medicinale 1.llee.to .. Institution for the Distribution of .Allied Mediccl Supplies) stocks on the theory the.t e.f'ter o. distribution of "free" UMffiJ. d;i_~ugs it will b-.: impossible to get rid of the former for cash payment.

(}.I 6539

-2- i.tt. H-7-a

8. The distribution of cotton ,!lateriel ( the plan for which has been runendecl in all Provinces to include hospitals and exclude the State-supported Sanitori a) is now taking pla.oe.

-9. Rec~uestE.i w~re m[;i.de to·· ~bu1· .... ur.rters during the month for eg_uipnont for the T . B; service3 of Sa.ssari Province and for laboratory equi1xnent f'or Is S irrionis Hospital.

b. Ste.ff Medical, Car':.•

10. ·rhe appointment of D. Olas3 II Medical -Supply Officer for the ~1egion h2s beon t e~:en up with HeaC:quarters and it is hoped the position will :3ho:cbly be ·f'ill c-;d.. It is intended to cor!lbine the care of Olass I and Class ;u employees with the Hedicc,l Officer 's 1Jivisional dutios. t.t present, with the departure of the R-oye.l bir :!'°orce _.:viedical Offiot.Jr to llIE:1.lta. there aru no arran3ements for the modic?-1 care of • stc;1ff in this Region.

~1\:• The Rockcfellor Founda.tion C'Jntinued their mosq_,uito survey dLu,ing this pd·5.o~1 and work in the Province of ?assa.:ri .was -completad.

!·

12. Su.ppli~$ r~r this Cem_pn.ign we:re r.ecfJivec. notably 1,500 Hudson SpraJrers e..s 'troll as ,vs1·ioL1s typos of tubing. Over ,300 tons of DDr bmulsion arc uxpocb d :f"rom Naples in the course of the coming woek.

Welfare •

1.3. The visit of a food ,.Off'icer from Headq_ual'·teI's this mon·t;h has helpe~ to straighten out outstaP-ding problens in the food distribut-ion for tho Supplementary Feed :i.ng l7Togrer.i. In particular great cJifficulties have boen encountc1,ed in obtaining accurate statistical data in ' Carbonia, the coal-,mining district. Arrangez:wnts arc now in hand for supplies to b~ made -available up to the ~onclusion of' this special assistance program - J.ugust ;1.

14,. With this distribution l'Lmning m.ore snoothly., the Welfare staff havo bec}n able to devote more ti.":le to the rr,mor~l welf'er'3

. 0 '

organization . in the ~rovinces . . , major pruoccupr•tion has bf.::f)n to lead the \Provincial Co1rnittoes towards a stronger er.i_phasis on ,ccnturs of n ,penna.n011.t character, w't.th the po:::sible ...-a.thdrawal of food from the purely improvised centers.

15. Tl'll') shi,r:moint of t nµ st3cond distribution of clothing and shoes for Italian Displaced Persons arrived this month.

16. With all f'i ·-J'e roccntly--installed UNI®', scrapers in operation, no holidays and the re t ur.Qa of' many of' the . hru."vo .s Ung miners, the 'coal PJ:·oduction for July h11.s eone: up by luaps and bounds, ~ma. a tot c,l ~ ?,~, 514 tons was dug out o:f' the ,pits. , . T~c average dr..ily production ~:s 5;,37 tons. There i:J a stockpile at .::i • .nntioch.o of 22,000 tons .. r.1ostly sized c~~ /

17. J.. sh.~pnent of Acericon bit~:i:nous coal - 8182 tiPns -nrrivod in ~he latt~~ half of the month.

/,GRICUL'l'URE

a. Supplies /

18. been in co~tF,nt food autho:c-ities

CM 6539

I \ ·• •

The nowly-~ecruited Regional: Lgricull;ural S_pecia1l1st has touch with tho l~g:r:iculturnl Inspoctora'te e.nd the .local and s0ve·ral. mcetinr;.s haw taken place. ,Xoo noeeu:8 of

l' I

/ . ·,

/ I

I

•

6539

• -3- L tt. H-7-a

the threo Fl'ovincLJs in tr.e fo:--:~i ot· i.gricultural ;:;iachinery, fertilizers, seeds etc. wo:ce exc.::1inod and. ::-opo:..·ts submittud to rleadc-iua:;:ters .

19. fi10 G:uassing , 1'fter n olow sta1:·t , Las picked up splond.i clly, tht,nks to t:1:; c:ttract:i.vo _price and tt10 d'fortf.l of t :1,~ Control Officio ls, who nm•r have t ,,o use of 1 :;i UN::. 1t1. jcei_)s.

20.. 'I1ho .:._;_uantitiu s amc.sscd during the sa':le r:ionth of each of'

the: yc1:1:cs 1941 to 191,j weTe o:,,~:ily su:c_passL)d by thiLJ July's totnl of 137, 310 q_uintEJ.s . In sona p J.G.ce:::: chore W[ S E:. sh.rc··cDgc of' 17D.ru (:)u.::;ing n j?ace.

o. l.nti-grassho.1293~: C2.np0.ir,ri

21. l.lth:)u.gh clle ,so pe ::, i; t; &re r,o·:r practicr:lly \7ipr; d. out, a final stand. waH "'. .... ·de on ti1c ont;;;:~irts of Ca[:,ll:?.ri City and tht; ~toyal .:.ir l!'orce l.irpo1·t was t0:11_pora:cily rendt:roa u.nne:cvic1~ablu b3, a st1ort · but hoavy invnnion on i:; 0,J _~unwa.y. Oil sp1·n;i:ing fro:_1 the l!ir, howover, soon clec:ccci thL: :i:'iold.

22. Tl1e ill'f.i.t:.··~.L vc hicles on loan for this Cr:.1pi::.ign are now being :..·eturnod ana L1spacteu. in roz.r1i:1ess for t i1e [mti-"12.lario. oa:.1paign.

FRED COLL rn Regional Directqr Sardinia Re gion

Attachment H • 7 - b ..

~!:J R,~~L OF 11.'HE _ID}.}IONAL DilJ.FQ_TqR

§1.~Y REGlQ!L.._E.W .. J~,;: I

mr.RODm;rlffl

Political~

1. The month or Jucy- initiated ths last half or our 1946 progra~ Certain amctety has ·been shown on the :i;art of the Authorities as well as individual l'.lersons., restil.t~ from the knowledge >t'mt UNRRA will olose at the enl of the yefir., It np~n-ent1.y seems ir.c:r-edible to some that assistance a.an stop., It has been the effort of this of-fice, and will continue to be., to throw all responc:tbilities ozrl;o the Italial'.1. Authorities, so that . .,.,hen the time for OU!' de}.Xlrlure ao­tunlly arrives, they vrill. b13 in a position to OO!'lj' on where we leave off,, In some oases we hove been sucoessf'ul11 in others there fr o rrarked lee .- eness nm lnok of desire to take ... 'esponsibility0 Ini-tin tivc does not abound., 'l'oo nnny persons ore dyed-in-the-wool oi• vil ndminist:rotar's nru do -:i.ot cttack with constructive e'.!'rl);l-111,t"; 1:3.:l!ll

problems ns they n:l:'i,·e.. Wherev13r new blood h-'ls been injected into the administ:.,:-otive system, action hns resulted,. These exomples ore :rore. One of tl1c nine Prefects hos exemplified this moro or less modern trend_, pnrtioLt1nrly in connection with the v.mssing. He hos shown initiDtivo nm] cournge ond hr-s modr.: the cmcssing problem his person:.]. chore. This, I point out n~in, fo unu.sUD.1..

2. The no:.r.TOC\l re~,:}tion ot the end of the fix·st ooorplete month of' the new Republic is negotivo.,. 1l11er<.: is littJ.e oonvorsotion os to whether this new f·o:cm cf 'Gove1'~lme-.nt will be .'.lble to do whot the old Goverr.anent ho.d fniled to do., Rvo.ryo:ne nppeurs to be vJUiting to see whnt will hnppcn9 referring olv.oys to the Gov.::J."nnent ns something trot did not belong to th(;.'Ill:1 but wns mare or less imposed on theme, It is not exnctly u.nderstood whether the 90'/o lnok of coope:rotion on the po.rt of the Sioilhn grain produt.:•.ers in the nnnssing progro.m is a. reootion to the nov, Govc!':mient, nn tix_prassion of independenoe1 or o mm:-e displny of solfi~hnesso

Food - Vis:h_t.2_t..P..µ~t,2-r Genenll.

311 Thc.t the :.:"'cod ~:i.tuotion in on ugricuJ.turol country shou:!.d be the most difficult to solire is ononnlous.i, The incrense of t h e brcc.d ro-tioh from 200 to 250 grorn.s :per doy rod been onticipotod by tho Itc'.1-lian authorities o.s n OUN--O.ll.

4-. It hod been hoped that no less thnn 4'>- li-5, 000 ':o.,r of -r;~1ec.. t w·ould hllve been amossed o.t this duto,, bLd, tl1'3 z-'l.·cv-Lnc ... cf .~.J.orr.'10 he~ 'teen the most difficu.l.t of' ell Provinces; c.:-i-3 it c~L b..: ;:aid tm t Palermo hoe not octwlly stilrtt-'<i the c.r;'.lsn1.n,:r, c-1' ':1--:) :-~1.

5. The politicol ospootn of tJmt,ns:b,•"! r:c.nL1_1~: be '"i1rr . .u~:.r-0::::,.-,{3, 1 nor onn the foot th.at it is :not UNRRA.':::: jo!:l tc o :i::i.~;j n:~.!• •·s jcio v.1os to assist the Italinn Government in tbtJ:i..:: r,; 11. :-::::.1:r, ~r~·6Dlom.., Mnny reol problems do e-.r.ist: tho police fore~ is :.n:.1lor_ i.1; to, tho Ministry of Morine hos prov5.dr)d no nu::'V'o:i.J.]; .. rcG to l:!.i:1d';)J:· rn::.::;>o!'t .• und bi.lnditry flourishes. '.l..'hese -o::·o~lCI:J.'l brAvo been pr~;::; n: .... d. by the :anli.nn. .Au--thorities to t heir \.;_rious :Mi.ni::: t1··.1..es. but up tc chte no r6<'ll ootiom has been tokebl, l.n (;~-nnple of the shu::tion is thnt in on•:i cf the mar-e progrosr!ivo proviooos v,h0re t'.le proper ::.mosr.;nble groin is 25,0CX) tons., the :'.:'!-ef.0ct now stntes ta.t only 19,000 tons ore omDssob-_ le, ond of th.i□ g\l!'.ntJ.ty 5,000 to11s cnnnot crvon be touched, becouse ...,_ n oertnin socticn o::'.' this P·.r'oV:i..Tl.Cc is pr-0tcotod ogn inst the cmo.ssir.g ~

-2-

brigon:ls. Multiply this by nine provinces, sane of' which ore ~s civilized, om one gnins o well-defined picture of whot the sittm­tion is.

6. The Ul'lOntioipoted pleosw;-e of reoeiving the Director Generol, \ftyor LoGuordia 1 wna timely. Ho hod the opportunity -of seeing with his own eyes the gro.veness of the aittmtion, am he did not hesitote to .explain this to the highest Authorities on the Islr.m:l. He poin­ted out clearly that it wns not an UNRRA problem ond we were merely­interested to help Italy build up her stock of groin, so t:tnt cane 1 ~7 she would not find her greneries empty om no groin for pui-omse avnilnble. The ~•blem now remains one to be solved by the Italian Government. In terms of money, 100,000 tons of Sioilian g:min represent sane 1 O million dollnrs, · were they· able to puromse s:t1 and a lowering af their re.tion soele ev~~lly, if' they ore not able to purchase it. It 1s hoped that the presenoe of Mr. LaGuardia. here on the Island will mve stimulated the Authorities into imn&­diate action, and it is believed that this will be so, sinoe the expl"esaion of personal friendliness toward Mr. LaG\llrdia was evi­denoed at evf»:'y turn. The unexpected an-ival of the Director Gene­rel ooused a. k:ll'ld of :turore in the oity and will not be soon forgot• ten. The press took up his orgll!lents and presented them to the peop-le as a whole. The pleasure with whioh my own office reoeived >eyer LaGuardio. anl Mr. Keeny, who aoeani;enied him., is not necessory to desoribe.

SERVICES PROvIDEg WITH U?mRA RE30tRQm

Health

7. The state ar health in Sicily is more or less sntis:f'eotory, according 1:o docllllentation which, it must be odmitted,. is definitely 1.noomplete. Ste tis tics ore ono them, and one co nnot roo lly ju:lge by the repart~ t'ran the ''medioi provil1Ci£li" (provineial med1onl of­tioers). A small epidemic of typhoid fever occurred in Jrrll'1l Province alld the meo.sles epidemic is subsiding. Mnlario nnd typhoid show signs ot seasoml increase. Supplies of penicillin, narcotios, in-sulin encl l;lver extroct were distributed during the month. Sheet~-tor hoepitols was delivered to two provinces. A sm:-vey of the Islnnd •• oanpleted by Col, Moodonald, Regiotnl Medicol Of'f'ioer, in con­~unotion with Dr. Snvoja, Italian Regional Health Otticer ond Dr. Resinioovo, TB Specialist :f'ran Mission Heodqtnrters, to deter­mine the alloontion of 40-Bed Hospitol Units. The Regino Mlrghe­rita Hospitol was opened in Messim on 1 July 1946, o:f'ter UNRRA de­livered o 200-Bed Hospital Unit. This is n very importent oooosion in Messim Provinoe nm a ceremocy will be held on 4 August 194-6 by 11flY of oelebzntim.

8. The Welfare Branch ms oonoentroted its energy on the dC3Velop-ment of summer colonies for children. Some 1 oo, 000 children in Si.oily are receiving UNRRA rations in the sumner colonies ond moey of them ore dressed in olothing m:i.de from st\cks which we rrWl?Xlged to soro~e f'ran the Consors1 Agrari (Federotion of Agrioulturol Insti• tutes). Tribute was paid to UNRRA by Padre Gliozzo, Administrator of the Pontif'ioia Commissione, Sicily, far the possibility UNRRA gp.ve by ,ey of supplying these rotiona to open some 200 colonies now exis­tent, and he pointed out that without this UNRRA food none of the onmps could mve been inruguroted. Nortmlly children bnve one month• s benefit :from these sumner colonies, which ore in the min cloy•sohools; nnd in most instances three shifts will be possible, i.e. July, August onl September, and in oertoin places up to the em ot October•

CM 6573

.. -3-

9. • The core of Italian Displaced Persons hos been transferred from the now-ext~t Ital:lAn Displaced Persons Branch, ond o new Regioml Welfnre Off:a.cer has token over in the person of >h:-s. Munem,

1 O. An, dftm-t i.s being mode by this office to estt.'bl!sh on Itnlinn Regional 0t'f'1Ce far the control om coordination of oll. osaiatonoe given by+ cbe Ministry of Post-War Assistonce ond Ministry of Atrioo. At the present time no s1.¥Jh of'fioe exists nm one Ministry does not know who t the other is doi~. The foot thnt regulotions from the two Ministr1ea ere different couses unrest. Certc.in regtiintions far Itnlinn Displ.Aced Persons ore wad:enoble. Instruotiona htlve been given thot once o refugee loo.ves o comp on his own occoW1t he autonetioolly fortei ts his right to return. This is ob'VioUsly most unt'eir beoo.use it prevents initiative to obtL\in Employment. Further,

-··ho provisiob bos been made for the issue of free trovel posses for 'business or -oomp1ssionnte :rieosons. l!,ree posses ure given only for the tollowitlg reo.sona: o.) transfer from one oump to onother

b) repctriation c) volW1tory relinquishment of comp nssistanae.

Refugees who wish to oollect their pcssports for repotriotion or w~t-evc- other purpose, must pot their fnre. .All these problems l'nve been token up with the respective Ministries end it is hoped tmt the regul.D.tions will be chnnged. The need for extro oomp spooe be­aan.ea de.Uy more ncoute, os retU!'ning prisoners of wor and displaced ex-military personnel join their frunilies. Plana to open two to tlree oamps., which were agreed upon by the Ministry of Post-W~r Assisttu1oe in oonjunotion with the Itolinn Delegotion, o.ppeor at the 1110ment to he.ve come too st::m:1~til1. These o:ce essentiolly Italian problems end tJNRRA enters the sitUD.tion in. thnt it provides the food

· tax- children umer 15 yenrs of.' age .ond expeotont ~nd · nursing 1?10thera, an! in certain instonces has established prooessing workshops in, or Mer, the camps, thus utilizing refugee lnbor.

~J?!21al Relief Pro~eots

11. We were fortunate in f'iriling a suitable building for the pN• ceasing workshop, ;next to the MW1ioipio (Town Hall) in Termini Imerese-. · &)ven.ty-f'ive ore at present employed nnd work hl.d comnen-oed aa at 4 July 1946. Twelve hundrell bales mve ttlready aITived and 2.200 G:t:'e still expectea f'ran Genre. The results are satisfec­toey- am processed clothing is already being distributed to Venezia­G1u11a refugees. It is expected that these wcxrlcshops will continue to tunotion at loo.st four months. Approxiim tely 1,000 pieoes ot clo­t hi~ at present are being processed per day oril it is hoped tl'llt this figure will increase.

AQ99ltS£9

12. The grasshopper plague has been 0CJ11pletely wiped out in all st;,. oilie.n zones. Hoolth conditions of o.niimls 1:1ro good, with ·the exoep-tton o-f ooses of hoof ond mouth diseose, which ore spo:rodic•

1,. The- groin situation is-as discussed at the beginning of this re­port.

Ports ond ShipPip.g

11+. Very satisfactory relations continue to •exist with o.11 oon-c,erned in the discharge o.nd rooepti~n of UNr.IU\. goods in the ~ioilio.n ports, The monthly imports for the month of July have inoreased rNer the post few months; it is pleo.sing to note thot the imports hove onoe ogpin retm:-ned to norml ond it is hoped tmt this sitmtion will be mo.intained f'or the future, Discharged in SiQ:t?inn porta du-rblg the month of July:

a.t 6573

.4 ....

Groin : 29,239 tons Cool : 24,571 to.

15. During the month of July importotion of UNRRA goods into Sici­ly has been effected generally by vessels soiling umer commercial Cb::i.rter-Party terms. In general, the tenns indicate tciit the tonno.ge to be disoho.rged over ond above the oooitnts indicoted in the Chorter -Porty is to be ot the expense of the charterer, nomely UNRRA, In tho.t the dis:i;ntoh money to be earned has either been nil or less tho.n the oost of discharging over om above the narrrnl rnte., it ms been decided to dischorge the vessels at the rote indicoted in the Cmrter­Porties. The doily disomrge rote hns been correspomingly lowel;' for the month of July for this reoson. It mo.y be noted that no de­murmge was incurred on the ships dischorging duril'lg this month. (Note by Mission Hendquorters Shipping Division: The o.bove procee­dure is in nooordonce with Port Instructions in ooses where the averomrge would r;ny more tlnn the labor required.)

16. A fair amount of progress in the repair of ports and their fo­oilities onn be reported. The oonatruotion of o meohoniool oppru:o­tus for the unlooding. of cool in the Port of Palermo is in progress om in a few months will be completed. The addition of this piece of mchinery will be of material aid to the port ond n more efficient dischorge will be effected.

17. It is urgently requested that the surplus mteriol mode nvoi-1.eble by the termination of the vro.r in this theater be mode ovniloble to the agencies requesting such lTlllteriol. The mota--i.nl requested will oo of grent o.dvontoge to the ports nnd will nid rmteriolly in their rehobilitotion.

18. The supply of roil cars available in Sicily still remains for 'below the deoom. The Italinn Stnte RDilvroys hnve stnted thot n good portion of the oars hove been used to tronaport goods to Nor­thern Itoly and hove not been returned to Sicily. A sepirote re­port ms been mode to Mi.cision Heodquo.rte!'s for the purpose of rec• ti fying the situo tion.

CM 6573

c. B. MOSES RE:;IONAL DIRECTOR SIC~ Y RreION

• JNTRODUCl'I<li

J. tte.chment H•7-o

MONXHI4 lIBPORT OF THE REGIONJ.L DIRp?TOR

SOUTHERN REGION a FOR JULY, 19lt;6.

1. The main features during the m::>nth of July ba.ve been wooat amassing, launching :>f the industrial rehabilitation a.n4 agrioulturaJ. 2pecialiste, assisting ~er C:,lohios, inspeoting and advising Italian Di,pl.a.oed Pers'.)ns Cemps.

2. Supplementary feeding is g0ing smo:>thly, end thore hr-: been oomparativcly few crises in this connection. ~:qu.e anxiety wcs caused through the, fortunately short-lived, .2etrc>l Distributors' Strike which again revealed how dependent we are ·upon road trMBport and our lack of fuel rese~ves.

BIJ.RliU OF REQUig.E¥EN;S lu'ID ;QISTRIBUTION I

3. The Southern Industrial Sub-Co~iasion, composod of Italian Experts; was. formed e.t the end of June in Naples and has conferred, together with 171embers of Southern Region HQ. It doos n~t o_perate .to full efficiency yet for the reas ::>n thflt the Sub...Commissi::>a has no up.-to-date informati~n :>n the present conditi::>n of industrial,. plants and potential prod~c~iv~ oapacity, with too exoeption of a fe~ factories in Oampenia. Our. Regional Representative has p~essed the Sub-CoilllJ¼ission to obtain such information quickly thr:mgh the Provincial uhambera -;;if Co,:ii:ierce, Industry and .Agriculture, UPIC (Unione Frovincinlo Inu.ustri~ ~ Comnercio - Pr:>vinoia.l. Union of Industry and Conmerce), and industrial reports.

4,. Tomato canning is one of the __principal ind~tries ~ Southern Italy. There is a. ·bumper harvest this yea:r Md too tin plnte allocstion for canning is anxi::>usly awaited. There are, in t'cct, lying in Naples Warehouses 192 t :ms which local manufecturers a:re eyeing c:::>vetously. An early decision on this .is being pressed bec~use t:nab processing cannot be postponed later than 1 September.

5. Too War Inaustrial plants -:,f J,lfa R:,meo at Pomigli~ and J.nsel.d.o at Pozzuoli are badly needing raw materiaJ.s and some direction for peace-time production.

AGRICULTURE --.>

6. Wheat J.maasing The amassing figures are, to date, satisf'e.otory. In ;· . ... o

Provinces results he..ve exceedpd expectations. In others tl'ley hf.'.ve bo;.;n disappointing but the disappointing Provinces were not expectotl. t~ runa.i·. · ::\Uchei Our emassing information is, of necessity, ab:>ut seven days in arrenr t ;1d wo :i.

find that the Southern Region has amassed, up to 24- July, nearly 900.,000 quintals.

7. The most c1isc.ppointing Fr.ovinces are in Cc.mpania. 0::-.rnpcnia was expeoted to pr".>c1uce a t:>ttl :>f 180,000 quinta.l.s by the end :,f July but so for has succeeded in amassing 77,CXXJ quintals only up to approximately 2,5 July. Most of the whee.t farming in CempMia is in the h.Mds of small h)lders who~ difficult to c-:>ntrol.

General Crops

8. It has been c-.n · extrc::1ely dry sea.s:Jn end the spring and sutrner so~-ings have suffered fr'.J'lll lack of water, particularly beans Md maize. The hemp crop should be fail:, aJ.th:Jugh in Caserta Pr::>vince it

ex 6566

_..,_

• .. ~~~ is quite r'.:lOCl4~s· r..-:-1 •

in fine c:m L. iti:ir! i:n ... a ::,plendid vintagt.; is RX.PQ.it1Hl.. Olive crop and fruits ar0 _pr:ii:.ising.

9. There seems to be sone hitch at the m,ment in the distributi::m :>f fertilizers, which is being investigated. This i::l

• unfortunate o.s farmers are needing these at present, and on item suc'h as s:idium nitrate is likely t? sp'.:lil in store.

TRANSFORTJ.T ION

10. There is no appreciable change in the transportati~n situati:m as doscr:i:bed in tha rep)rt f:>r the month ot June. (1.ttachment H-8-o, Pare.. 7-8) _

HEALTH

11. The standard of health in the Region has n:>t deteriorated during July. There have been no outstanding opiuomics. There has been the usuol season~ble increase in typhoid. ~ullpix nas decreased. The Regi-:>nal Meclica.l ortioer has been busy visiting · .. .. h:>spitels ,and displaced pers:>ns camps ·ana, in respect of hospite.ls, hn:i been able t:> rep:,rt some marked improvement in conditions, partioulcrl,y equipnent and .supplies, plus improvement in aclministrati::>n end diract.i.OA.

12, A further distribution of a.mbulences is i.urninent in 11 Provinces.

13. Representations have been made to Mission HQ f~r nn .J..asistant Regional Me'd.ictl Officer for duties· as outlined in the . Regional M.mthly Rep?rt f0r June. It is h:>ped to ?btain a qualifir:H\ Italian Medical Officer for t~se duties.

14- Flans a.re in hand to provide a Medical Dispensery in tcu Regi:mal HQ Offices for the use of all U:NRRJ. employees in Nuplo., and. t .

smaller Disponse.ry in Bari. This has formed tho subject · -:,f ::i::r.nc correspond.once · during .the month with Mission HQ.

-'WELF.bRE

The supplementary feeding progrem continues s~o~thly.

SUillller Colonies~

10• These are well under way but aro n.::,t U.P t::> e~pectatuns• in spite of tbe'ha,;d work of Provincial SP.crete.ries and volunteer gr~ups. Provincial Conmittees need funcls and clear direction on r~od rati::ms. Thora is a lo.ck of entertainment and organized recreation. In o:>n:,eq,u.moo the youngsters sit ar:>unu far too long with nothing to do.

D:L~.,P.lnceq Pe~sons q~

17. .. Cemps have been visited by the Regional Direct::ir end rtegbne.l Medical Offie,w_ · ,., .... ,.1 as by the Welfare Officers and those viaits have f ::>rmed the subject of rep..:i ... .,... ',- 'M\ssion HQ. Conditi:>ns vary considerably; for example, Salerno Ce.mp is e. happy comnunity while C;)nditions at J.versa camp a.re lamento.ble. These variations seem t;o be the d:irect ::.~aault of local enterprise, or lr.ck of' it; and it see::ns tho.t the Ministry ~f F:,st•War tssistance is content to leave it at that.

18. One of tho outs tending nood.s is good•sized, wel1-e,:!.ui1),pod w:,rkshops "1he!'e various industries, such as carpentry, sh:>amakine, te.ilo~ing, fish-net making ·and tht:: llke can be fostered. .Adults, particularly mon, have nothing to do1 enc. it is evident from their demeanor the.,t they ~re b)red and listless. Chilclron need recre~tiJnal facilities, gemes equipn0nt, and room in which to play. It seems clear that, reerettably, those Cmps nro to

• -3- 1.tt. H-7-o

be e. lo:ng-t.erm project which r.1e.ke ::.; it all the r:nre desirable to nim at self-supp:)rting C')tnmunitios in ,•rhich-cr0fts.11en rnd th:,se willing to learn s:;,me useful tra.a.e con bec'.)me usof'ul members of S:)ciety nee.in.

19. Unf-)rtunately personnol n.llocc.tbns to camps have resulted in therq1Jeing practically n:) space f~r the entorprises described ab)ve end, bef?rc anything ~..n be done, it is evident thet ee.ch camp must be considerably reduced. in number ~yf in':lc.tes ancl fresh sites taken up.

Caves go.1eot

20. The new hutted ce.mp is 3 .... e.,J ue.lly filline, up and one oa:ve has been c.'.>r:ipletoly evccuated. J. sch:)ol ho.s been opened - an unusual schnl - with ages of ·pupils rengin.::; from three to 20 yeo:rs of e.gel It is h:>ped to :>pen a Dispensary attached to the soh-::>::>l in a. fei,v days.

General

21. We still find thllt tho ::ia.in hinc1ra.nce to Welte.re . .• ';. l?rojects generally is reluctc.nce of the Delegation to place funda and t1 .. ensp:)rt at the a.ispJsal 01"' Provincial Cornt1ittees.

INFORM.AT ION

22. ~f£~rts a.re bein3 na.de to find a suitable assistant Intormetbn Officer t~ cover the S:Juthcrn P.£'ovinces 'Jf the Region fr::w :Be.ri Offioe.

23. There has been some hold-up locally in the distribution of the valuable p . .mphlot "Econ--,mic N~tes 11 which has n:Jw been adjusted •

.AlliINISTfcl. T ION

24- ~ine t~ tho cmb~go p1acod by ERO upon the appoint-:uent of any further Class I em?loycos, we ere being facod with a diffi .. cult situation. It is f'.Jund thllt Senior .i.dministratiYe appointments are, in this Region, m'.Jst difficult to fill suitably with Class II employees. .l.n increasing volume of Class I travellers through Headquarters entails a. good understanding vd.th T:;.--c..vel .. ~genoies ~P6rated by the tllios. Receipt, custody and issue of rations and W.FI supplies, bar supervisbn and bar accounts are duties which it is difficult to imp:)se upon individuals who are denied the enj:,ymcnt of too itoma for which they i:·re restx>nsible.

25. Hitherto premises occupied by tm Southern ::lesion have been obtained from the military, either American or British, because there we.s n,thing else suitable. Under War Office instructions, such pre~ises are due for military c1.erequisition ,nth effect from 1 1,ugust. Toose prei:aises include the staff and transient Hotel, all .:,ffices and wareh)uses.

26. The growint mlL'l.ber of travellers throu.gh Naples has necessitated our negociating f?r tho be.lance :;f available accolIII:loc1ation in tbQ Santa Lucia Hotel. When c:,m::,lcted there will be available approximately 90 bedl3 which it is hoped will ceter a~cquately f:>r the Italian and n8ighb0ltring missions.

27. With reem-d t0 Bari Sub-HeadqLte.rte::·s, the derequisitionins of the L:iperie.le -.Hotel by tr.::: ,,r..;7_.; ' . '· •'-h ~ • '-4 . :. .... 11 aOCot:l!llodati::>n wa.s available to UN.tillA trc..vellers, may create a difficult aoconmocJe.tLm pr:>blem but fJrtunately · there are a few vaccnt beds in the H~oss which may be sufficient f~r the average tre.ffic flow.

Ne.plea, 2 July, 1946. C. I-1'.NS0!,-1,BBOTT Rogional Director

> f ,

• H-7-d. MONTHLY ~RT OF TP. REGIONAL ntREC'roR,

. CENTRAL REGION I roR JULY 1946.

INTROIUCTION1 -

1. The Regional activity was highlighted by a visit of the Director Gemra.l and roombers of his staff from 21 July to 26 July.

2. Insofar as Regional activities were concerned, the program of Tuesd.ey', 23 July covered more or less matters pertaining to the Rem, Region, particularly in the city of ROIOO and environm:3nts. The first item on the program was an official call by Mr .. La Gua..rd:ia on the Mayor of ROIOO at the Ca.repidoglio. After the formal ceremonies were completed, he was greeted by same 2,000 children in the Pinaooteoa Gardens. These children ore being fed under the UNRRA Program under tre direction of the Roma Provincial Comnittee. Mr. La Guardia received a souvenir vol'I.JIOO of photos and childrens' thanks for the UNRRA Program. Calls were ronde at the school "Poverelle di Bergamo" and the Camp of Displaced Persons ut Cineoi tta.

PROTECTIVE SERVICES & SECURITY t

3. Though the T"Attcr of security ho.a been under consideration al\d study by the Bureau of Requirements & Distribution, Mission Head.­qun.rters, no report has yet been rendered concerning the approval or disapproval of a Sl!pCrvi.z )ry service on the inland transport of UNRRA supplies.

BURE.A.U OF REQUIREMJ!l~ & DISTRIBUTION.

Z,.. On the question of distribution of UNRRA supp".l.ies, it is essential that all other eources of supply in Itnly be utilized to the end and that the UNRRA contribution mey f'unction as contemplated, i.e., a oompleioont to tm existing supply sources of the nation. Italy has always had. a limited amount of indigenous supplies. In addition . to these not too plentiful supplies, she has received additional supplies through various sales or contributions by Allied Governments. The Italian Governirent ho.s also purchn.scd war surplus materials. There• fore this second category should be utili;zed to the fullest extent. UNRRA in its regional survey intended to supplement these two sources of supply and 0f necossi ty ccntemplatcd the full function and con­tribution of these two needful avenues.

5. UNRRA is interested in observing the operation of the indigenous resources program insofar as it is cheek and jowl with the UNRRA undertaking. We should be: in u. position by the end of ne:xit month to witness how successful tre It:::u.ion Government• s effort ho.a been with regard to too largest factor in this category, nruooly, the wheat hn.rvest. The lamentable pnrt of the Ito.li.nn Progrrun is the dis-tribution of wo.r surplus items, particularly through the State agencies of ARAR ( Azicnc"t-. Rilievo Aliennzione Residun.ti - Italian Agency for the p,,rchase nnd. Distribution of Allied Mili tll.l"Y Sur­pluses) and ENDUIBA ( Ente Distribuzione l:ledicino.le Alleo.te -Institute for the Distribution of Allied Hedicn.l Supplies).

6. .ARAR was fomed f or the purpose of purchasing wor surplus items and distributing the saLB into the ltc~lian m1~trial or agricul­tural eoonoicy. · This progrrun bogged down to such nn extent thD.t distribution whs :unpedcd mainly through the csto.blishtoont of a high price level .which was prohibitive to the It-nJ.ion conswoor. It is a. known fact that a large portion of the items purohasqd by ARAR ho.a been lying idle in wn.rehouses n.."ld depots throughout Itru.y where many still remain undelivered ond undistributed..

OM 6533

-2- • 7. The progrrun--of ENDD.m:.A--cfil'l.- $.im-1-: ,.,:rJ.y7:>e....c:dtioized with respect to medical products~ FollONing the receipt of treJIJ3ndous-nedicnl supplies from Allied sources, this Appncy has followed a pattern of reto.rdation of distribution.. In Mey 1946 o. conference took place with respres­entnti ves present for the Allied Comnission, the u.s. Embnssy and UNRRA. concerning "Accunru.lation of Supplies for Ito.lion Relief''. Recently this Agency, in response to pressure from UNRRA ond other sources, ho.s eased the distrib-..,ttion of rredicnl supplies to hospitnls o.nd needy oases.

8. The purpose of Il);)ntioning both .AR.AR and ENDnIBA in this report is to give a clear picture of the ln.ck of cooperation thus fc:ir on the pc:irt of these Agencies in nw.king distribution which is vito.1 to the economic effort. Even though there has been slight improvement in the picture recentJy, the price structure level is far removed from assisting the illffi.RA Progrron. It hns been observed that UNRRA should not concern itself with supplies which a.re not of UNRRA origin. This is a fo.llo.cy, if :indeed UNRRA assumed thc.t these Agencies would function with c.J.l other contributing £'actors in the vital economic picture. If' UNRRA took into account the vast r~dico.1 stores which ENDD!EA had and. followed n source of action . not to import i terns already on hnnd in ItnJ.y, it con certvinly be stated thnt UNRRA expected dis-t:r:tbution of t:hese supplies in conjunction with those which UNRRA .. was 3U.ppleroonting. The striking result is tl'll'.t today in Ito.J..y END~ hns on rum.ct sufficient aspirin from Allied sou.roes to tnlre caro of r,1ormal Italian needs for t\vo-and-a-half to three years. On the otmr hnnd, the needy Itolio.n workman, who finds it necessary to purcho.se this article, finis himself confronted with the necessity of paying over 100 lire f'or a tube of aspirin, which in many instances representc one half of one do.y' s po.y for an Ito.linn worlanon. . If the UNRPJ~ contribution to the :industrial rehabilitation -J.S to be- n .fo.ct, price levels must be tackled with more force nnd reality. ( See also Para.. 15 of Attac1'.ment H-4), . .

AGRICULTURE,

9. Extensive inspections hnve been IDD.de in the Region by the Agrioul.turo..l specialist concerning fertilizers, agriculturnl machinery and· seeds. ·

10. The Amassi Progre..m hc.s been 't')I'Oceeding in f uirly good order with one exception - in the area. of North .Abruzzi where o. political question concerning shnre-crop-por rir..,hts has arisen. This evidently is being solved so that for tho tirae be:ing it can be so.id the.t the Amassi Program is going n..rien.d ffavorn.bly,

11-• With respect to agricultural machinery'., it seems that the South is in vito.l. need of more nachincry and equi]?IIlf,>nt, vrhile appo.rently the North is faced with n. siight su:r:plus. In nddition to the loss of livestock which farms throughout Italy in· gcnern.l suffered during the Germroi occupati0:-t~ ~~:itrai and North Italy hn.ve by far suffered the most on property dn..':lll.ge o,..r-~ ,-.: _,,ned by tho war~ So~ steps should. be taken to ameliorate t1'.is condition ... ~..J.1.·c:M:i +.'h i..:n view of the fo.ot that ploughing should be tackled in the months of Augus·l; ond Sept­ember, othe:rwise it will be too late.

12. Inspectors ho.ve gone through the Region mD.ld.ng j_nvostign.tions of ~houses ond s,1"!)m:i~iii.."l'.: .;,,ne:;ru...,tive su=..._-tions for the pres­ervation of supplies as well as the OOV'(;...::i,mt of :perishabltl supplies.

OM 6533

, l

, ~ ... I

•

-3-

13, The S\JIIIICr Colonies Program is proceeding f'o.vorab).y and much good will h.."3 been built up for tr.NRRA. in this work.

HE11LTII1

JJ+. The distribution of medical supplies has not been o.s great a.s during the previous two months. However, on the third oonsigru:DBnt of UNRRA. trucks, it is expected that major needs will. be taken oe.re of. No ep1demic cond.i tions have rocurred throughout the :Region.

SUB-OFFIClE • . ASOOLI PICENO. 15. As nentioned in the last monthly report, tl':e Sub-Office in Anoona has now been olosea. and a sub-regional office hae been estal:.•ld.shed at Asooli Piceno, coordinating a.otiv,ities more centrally un the otrer side of the Apennirie Range.

Peter c. Borre# Regional Director, Central Region.

CM 8533

Atto.ohment H-7-(e) • ..

• ' EXTRACTS FROM THE

MmTTHLY REPORT OF THE REqICNAL DIRECTOR, EMILIA AND TUSCANY REGICN FOR

JULY 1946 • .

INTRODUCTI(N.

1. The Region~.1 Direotor 1 s visit to the provinces of Apuanin, arosse-to, Arezzo and Bolofi!n olosed hia eoonomio survey of the 11 provinces ot Emi· lia and Tuscany reg;on,

2, Two new :irooeuing ventures . of Speoh.l Relief Projeots have begun to show results :1,n the Jmnufacture or ·underolothing and sandals. UNRRA aesi• llte.nce this month in repairing war-cl.Ame.gad houses ii gathering momentum with 21 397 rooms repai.ri,d in 79 communes. Welfare is now prepared to take over new duties of ol~thing distribution nnd Italian displaced persons oamps wel• faro work, General health continues to improve with no serious problems except the reol,lfring one of tuberculosis. Health Seotion hns won its point in having mediahl supplies iss~ed to hospitnls Without pre-payment, Displaced Persons stres9E1s the need for supplet1entary food distribution to non-Italian refugees outside of camps,

3, Ports and Shipping reports th1t Leghorn and Piombino took in six tJNRRA ships this ~onth, ao:mewhet im~roving conditions among port workers. Agriculture say, the n~ssing oAmpaign is giving outstanding results in Emi­lia where Ravep.p.a, Ferrara and Modlma have exceeded their tnrget e.nd Bologno. and Forli' W,,ll soon reaoh it. other crop production forecasts are good, eapeoinlly ~ 1ugar beets and fruit,Tyrr-l'enbn thhermen complo.in they oould only fish l~ days this month becnu.!e of low fuel allocations. Food Section reports that its distribution check ie keeping provinoio.l offioials on their toes. Tho -bread ration increas• waa proceeded by sporadic un.authorizod in• orenses i~ many provinces, Following vigorous polioe drives ngainst illegal possessicf{ of rationed geode, blavk arlceteers are finding life less pleasant. Industry Seotion says that food processing is looking up because of exeellent crops, b4 otU' iron, meehanioni and textile indur.tries persist in doldruns beoau1e pf lack or fuel, mark•~s and capital.

' ( '

4. I l"inanoe and Admini.s#Cltion have given us a new billet in Florence, a new garage in Bologna, new ,meeses £or local staff in Florence, an increaeed and consolidated financial a~oounting system, but report· little hope ot bring- • ing trv.J.Sportation ~p to allptted strength.

' I

Pl!iLrc INFom1ATICN sEcTlCN. I

6• · lhformation en th~ activities and soope of UNRRA aid to Italy conti~ues to pour ~orth f'roi the regional information office, A weekly survey oft~~ regional press oover~g news of m'RRA and tho general economy goes out ~o 450 aeleoted Italian •regional officials in Italian and to 300 Allied officials in :E:ngliih. Offi~ial UNRRA releases from Rome are selected, mimeo­graphed e.nd sent out to tho 450 Italian offioicls in Italian. The distribu• tion of the valued Eoonoroio Notes has reached the total of 1,300 in Italian and 300 in EnGl~sh.

RELIEF SERVICES BRJ:J1CF.

'SPECIAL RELIEF PROJWTS SECTICN.

6, (Proceu-1.ng), The prooe.saing of uited clothing which e.rri ves from overseas in mixed bnlea has increased considerablJ during the past month and is now quite an industry in itself. our Florence and Bolognn workshops , provide employment for several hundred people, moatly displo.Qed persona, homeless e.nd other needy oategoriea, In Florence bo~ts and shoes are being prooesstd in our ahoe repair fbop by "bout 65 displaded ·'.1ersms under the 11i?'eotion or a skill'ed cobbler,

, ' 7. Processing atatiatl01 fo~ the paet month are as tollowsi

I

Balee opened Olrments sorted Qlrments repa. ired Bales repacked Shoes sorted Shoes repaired

- 2 ... Florence

804 105,466

27,653 · 523

42,704 23,405

Bologna 796

129,144 20,890

717

All these figures show an increase oV,er the previous month.

• Total 1, 602

234,610 48 ~ 543 1,340

42,704 23,405

a. Two new processing ventures have begun ~o show results4 the manufacture of underclothing and of sandals. Under-garment production figures for the past month are:

(}lrments cut out O,.rments made up

Florence

§1,600 3,480

Bologna

40,502 6,966

Total

j.,12 , 102 16,446

Sanda.is are being manufaotu~ed in Florence from old army boots, which are being taken completely to pieces. ·The material is then cut to suitable shapes and made up nnew. as sandal&.- Thus fo.r.-2,000 pairs of' sandals have been produced in this way.

9, (Local qrafts). Early in the month the head of' the Rome Pr--ocess-ing Section visited Florence, and, together with the regional director, the regional processing offioc~ and the industrial rehabilitation officer, attended a meeting wHh the l oc!:l Arti:=ians Association to discuss ways in which UNRRA could help in the rohabilite.tion of lccal crafts, The results of this meeting are now tmder ccnsid0ration in-Rome.

10. (UNRRA•CASAS). The program of assistance in repa1rmg war-damO.f:;r' 1 houses is gathering momentum in both Emili~ and Tuscany and figures fro~ . all districts show an increase over last month.

ll. With the transfer of responsibilities from UNRRA to the newly­established Italian admi~i~tration of CASAS, UNRRA voltmtary society workers are now free to spend mo:·e t \ me :in the cornrrnmes seeking out needy easel! wr r should be having CASAS ussista~ce and ~aking sure that CASAS help is in .fact reaching t hose pe op l e f or ·whom it is intended,.

12. The newly-cnened Faenze. office has helped repair 29 rooms thus far. Both Faenza and Bologna offices report that requests for assistance greatly exceed their capacit7.r t o rner.t them.

13. The bi ggest problem facing CASAS at the moment is that ~PY peopl0 cannot afford t o re~~j r their houses, even if the State grants the~ material t free in advance , because they have not sufficient money in hand to pay for the skilled labor necessary.

14. The statistics

Rooms repaired Persons rehoused Tons of material carried Villages assisted

WELFARE SECTICN.

for . ..

repair works for Tuscany

918 · 954

2,513 44

the past month are: Emilia Total

1,479 2,397 1,692 2,646 1,708 4,221

35 79

15. (Food Distribution). Figures reported by proyincial secretarie ~ for July food distribution show the following totals:

CM 6523

.. 3 ..

July Hot Mos.ls Dry Food 'l'9tQJ.

Bolo~ ---

9,243 30~894 :i0,137 ·1 : 1

Forli' , 6~·900 . 17,126 23, 026 ., Ferraro. - 6~ 369 11;941 18,300

~ ..

Modena _ ·. 4 ~429 18~151 22.,680 Parma 1~496 47;,918 49)414 Piacenia 3,163 5,'501 8._sM Ravenna 12,953 3j 923 16 .. 876 Reggic;,Emilia , 3,399 ~;490 11~889 Apuania 10~449 4j330 ·- 14,779 Are~zo 8~810 5j930 14; 740 Florence 21,867 12; 798 34,665 (}-osseto 6~411 l,667 8,,078 Livorno 9,428 1~992 11;420 Lucca 10,115 l;595 i4,710 Pisa 10,365 t _ i 620 13;985 Pistda 5;569 2;667 8,236 Sieno. 9)758 t,910 13,668 ,·

f

TOTALS 139;714 185.,453 325,167

, 16. The situution 1hns materio.lly improved since tho i nuug'urntion _ of the system of direct deliveries to "SEPRAL" (Provincial Ro.tioning Off1.ce::) and the increased oontrol by the Regional Ro~iiirements & Distribution · · branch, · Supplement a ry r e.t.icn s f or the surm:1er colonies have boen slow in arriving' but provincial secretarios havb ~d~ great eff orts ·t o · borrow the necessary am,ounts 'in orier that the openinb of obionies should not be unduly postponed. ·

17. (Clothing Distribution). A grea~ .deo.l of work in cl othing dhtribution to ItoJ.inn Displace_d Per-sons has ooen dcne this month. The visits to the MinistrJ, of Post--we.r Aesistanoe representnti-..re s and communes · . to survey the pos it ion have ccnfi rmed our opinion t ho.t (in Tuscany o.t least) '.: former distribut ions 'vmre carried out with littl0 system and soe.r ely any oontrol. Everywhero we had r ep0i--ts of d!1Jim:ti::ifa.ction and often of actual disturbe.noes, Ir. moat provinces; the f irst; distributions under the new s-cheme will bo gb ln-co in August or oe.rly Soptember. Conditions in Emilie. _ are vory much bet.ter t he.n in Tuscany, o.s two UNRRA ·-officials of the Displaced Persons section hnve been working t he district for some time.

18. _(Italian DP Camps). All nix camps in Tusc~n,y .have been vis'ited. In Emilia, trans i:,ort difficulties have de _layod comple-\;ion of the survey ·whioh ' is still in p:r.·oe;ress. Numbers of Italian displaoed persons are ns f ollows: .. (approx.) Apuauia-930; Arezzo-600J Florence-2,400; Luoe9.-l,200; Rosi@1uno-52~1

, Piombino--:480♦ A lar-ge new camp in two secti ons is to be op&ned in }V:o.rine. di ' Masse. on 29 July coverin g some 2,300 persons• Two · others (Florllnce c.nd Lucca ,

',e.re expec;ted to open shortly :tor_ about 1,000 and 2,500, r t.:: speetively. Near~ ;, ly all thes~ refugees e.re from V,ene zio. Gi. ulid •

19. There a.re at least 24 onmps in Emilia, Many of thos e are sn~lJ _ groups and, if p:remises can be found, mignt well be _assembled iuto \arger ·· units• Itnlio.n refugees in Emilia total;

, Bologna.-(18 oamps) 5,015 J ~rro:r.a.-2.00s Forli' -998a ·i:odene.-147J Pei.rma­.: 123 J Piaoenza ... 550,

20, (summer coio:nies). Provincial secretaries a.r~ to be :congratu),r, ..; .,;: . on the t"esults of their work to get sunuoor col~;nie~ ai:i,d. daily holi°day partie r started by the mi ddlo of JUly, The n pproximf.lte" nu:m.bers_- of' ·colonies for ~he . _ Region nre as follows:

Tuscany: -Emilia:

50 resident colonies 40 res ::Ldent · colonies

2.36 daily ooloni~s ·53 dnily oolonios

I

Special mention should be nnde of Reigio Emilie., 1'-orlit_ a.nd Modenc~ where a_ll oolonies are now opened,. Many of the colonies ha.ve alree.dy had o. visit of inspection. Bearing in mind the diffioul ties which ha~ hnd to be overeome1 most _a.re surprisingly well-organized,

· 2'1~ (Relations with Italian Goveni.ment _)~ Both th£, I'taliall. .Dol.egil.tial

CM 6523

. . -·A -

representatives have visited the region this month and have attended.a monthly discussion meetings of provincial secretaries. ,, ·

HEALTH SECTICN.

22. (Gener1ll). General health in the region continues' to improve with no serious probl~ms except the recurring one of tube·rculosis. Among the difficulties encpuntered in denling with tuberculosi's are increased incidence especially among ,'reduci" · (war veterans and ex-prisoners of wo.r) and "profu­ghi" (displaced persons), shorto.r;e of normal a0comodntion because of war damage and lack of essential equipment and drugso

23. The anti-mosquito campaign with DDT in the Po Valley and estuary region has been very efficiently carried out by 10 teams in Ferrara and Ra­venna. At the close of t~is cam?aign before the end of the month, general disinfestation of all hospih.ls and other public institutions is to begin. After this, a supply of DDT will be furnished to carry on the work under local _arrangements •

. 24, (Distribution). With the exception of a few articles not urgent-ly required, all items of the first and second general distribution of me­dical supplies have been taken up by the hospitals. In addition, during July a distribution of much~neeaed narcotics, liver extract and insulin has been made, Linen supplies to all provinces in the three widths nanttf'actured is now almost complete. The material is excellent and should tide the hospitals ever until normal Italian production and prices a.re reached.

25. A clear statement from the High Commissariat for Hygiene and Public Health on payment policy was demanded and o.11 provincial henlth officers are ·naw prepared to issue supplies without pre-payment from needy institutions, although not all these institutions are aware of their rights.

26. MUch larger third and fourth general distributions are expected, the third to begin towards the end cf this month. It is essential that a scheme be evolved spreading our suppUeo J.o-t:n to the level of the commwes. Basic supplies must reach the :'c-r..l:iuh ·:; ori u (out-patient departments) .. of the "medici eondotti" (communal medicc.l c.f'fi Gers) tmd the offices of other district sanitary officials not based en hospitnls. Again the extreme difficulty of detailed distributfo:n down to the innumet"':t:ile comnrunes of each province by the under-sto.ffed provincj_o.l he:i.lth officer :nust be stressed. A possible solution to this problem might be a special temporary increase

. of staff and the cooperation of other Government workers in their distri• · bution to comnnmes. ·

DISPLACED PERSONS. 27. (Assistance). · The present total caseload of out-of-camp•aes1-

ste.rice in the region is 1,661 people. In Tuscany, 196 persons .are being eared for in "Hochsharoth" (Jewish vocationU training centers) and 474 are being assisted outside of camps. In Emilia;the figures are 589 in "Hoch­sharoth" and ,402 outside. During the month, 830 nuthorizations were issued for general medical care to displaced p~rspns,an increase of 30% over last month. A new "Hochsharoth" for 74 orphan·s at Campo Lecciano 7.9(Leghorn) is receiving the usual UNRRA assistance •.

28. (Health). The r,eneral level of health is uns~tisfactory, obvious~ ly due to under-nourishment of people living outside of coneregnte-cnre centers, rt is more imperative than ever that supplementary food be !!lEl.de available to people outside of camps. A diphteria epidemic nmong babies in· the Villa Almand . ."Hochshara" was nipped in the bud following:·energetic measures taken by this office.

REQUIREMENTS AND DISTRIBUTICN BRANCH

STATISTICS AND REPORTS SECTION. Z9. ( General Economy)~ Looking back oyer the economic 'Survey tour

ot our 17 provinces, we find conditions varying according to the economie ~rganizat1on of each province. However, certain be.sic conditions are true of the whole region: lack of cnpital for reconstruction, severe unemploy­ment, lack of basic industrial materials (especially coal), insufficieney of transportation fa,cilities and lack of be.sic e.grioultural materials

OM 6523

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Ii ... ,, .

• 5 -

(machinery~ fertilizers and seeds). Private enterprise is wary of financing needed reconstruction because of the cloudy economic and political future. state programs of public works have not as yet affected general eponomic conditions.

'

- -·

30~ region. 122,049

(Unempfoyment). There is widespread unemployment in the The atte.Qhed table (se.e.J,p~epd~x "A'~) shows _a total of

unemployed in Tuscany and 1-56,996 in Er.ti.lit. - ·

31. (Unemployed We.r Veterans). · ene of the most serious phases of the unemployment problen is the case of War Veternns. The situa­tion in Bologna and Florence is typical. In Bologna, although 1,521 of these men have been employed in the last six months, there are still

. 4 1 151 registered.,, In .Florence, only 639 were placed in the le.st six months and 8,817 a.re ·still on the rolls. Their rehanilita.tion is most difficult. Although prefects have ruled that firms shou] d employ a certain quota of veterans, results a.re negligible ., since nost of

. the firms he.d already conplicd spontaneously. Comparatively few nre fit to work because of le.ck of experience, having been mobilized at an early age. Many of them a.re now physically unfit e.s a result of privations suf·fered during the war• The situation tn Florence is serious. eve~ 1,000 reported in tubercular condition are not yet being treated in ho~pite.ls.

PORTS & SHIPPING SECTICN.

32. (Shipping). Five ships unleaded in Leghorn nnd one in•-· Piombino. Both ports nre in a position to stand a greater flow of ships, Rec cnstructiou work is going on steadily in Leghorn and in a few months two berths will be conpleted with rail sidings.

33. A strike halted work in Leghorn port for almost two days but the stevedores nade up lost tine by working faster on the fellow­ing days. - -34, (Warehouses), The inadequate and limited Leghorn ware-houses are being used to full advo.ntage. However, nn inventory of stocks showed that sone inported foods had been lying idle since le.st year. These iter.16 are: 124 t ons of skinmed milk powder; 36 tons of dried vegetables; 7 tens of ae.ltJ 85 tons of sugarJ 17 tons of egg powder and 3 t ons of r.iackerel. The "Federconsorzi" . ( Government Ware­house Agencies) have an apparent tendency to move new stock before old. If this tendency is elir.ri.ne.ted 1 allocations not yet fulfDled froo Leghorn \"lill dispose of all the milk, dried vegetables, r..a okerel and sugar. The rest of the f_ood · is unpalatable to Italian· _consumers, besides being priced rather high.

AGRICULTURE.

35, (General). Continued sunny weather has helped the progress of wheat harvesting considerably. Humidity in newly-harvested wheat is steadly dropping to the normal 14%, Stinking smut is fomi.d consi­de;ably in Siena and trosseto provinces.

36. other production is very good. Corn (maize) cropa ·are - -· especially pronising in .the Emilia and Tuscan plains and also, this year, in the poorer hilly districts. The sugar beet forecast for Emilia is 900,000 tons which may furnish some 90,000 tons of desper•

· ately-neede_d sugar,· Fedder, especially ~if~lfe._, pronises a go~d out in August.

37 • Harvest liaison work carried out during the month by ,tr.NRRA agricultural pez:s'onnel revenls ·:tme •1.iaiiat JIH•l~HM .r.,f the ~ing campaign. Strieter control of flour mills is ·essential. Black :market·whent must of necessity b'e chnnnelH:J d ·chrough these mills. At present, only ·small mills !re checked by ';UPSEA" (Provincial Acricultural Statistics Office) agents, but, clue to · teohni,tili lifficulties, no inspection ia be ing made of industrial mills. Another problem is the lir.i.ifod ca.paci-ty of "Con• sorzi A~ari" (rrovincial Acricuitural warehousing Azency) stores.· Sometimes the "Consorzi Agrari" • in an excessive spirit of economy, &:re

... ,_ ..

• I

•

• reluotant to rent emergency warehouses to house the great flow ot grain', · It has proved fatal for the amassing campaign to tell producers arriving to turn in their wheat to come baot later. Local magistrates and courts of law would also contribute greatly to the campaign if speedier action against violation of the amassing regulntions were taken, thus giving agricultural officials inuoh~needed support,

38. On the whole, however, the efficiency of the Italian amass-ing ngenoies is satisfactory in this region, as indicated by the excel­lent amassing results to date and the number of transgressors who hnve been apprehended.

39. Arrival of supplies wns limited to 18 Albion cutters and 4 1 000 quintals of ammonium nitrnto for Tuscany, This fertilizer is still blocked at the warchcus0 pending estnblishment ot snle price. Thus, although meant for summer-irrignted cultivation, it will have to be used next fall, ·

40a (Fisheries), Fishing along the Tyrrheninn ooaat or·the rogion reflects t~ serious straits of the industry nationally. Fishermen oomplnin generally of the scarcity of fuel assigped for fish• ing and the . high price of fishing i,,ar and material. According to their oaloulation, fuel allotted for July is sufficient for 10 dnys fishing. Muoh tor:r:ier A.C. fishing material has been lying in the Le.;:horn.·11t"f.re­houses for six months, because the prices establisied by the Government are higher in some instances than those of the free market. Eighty tons ·Of fish were reported by the two Le~orn cooperatives and 106 tons by Viareggio,

FOOD SECTION•

41, (Distribution), The checking of ftod distribution in the ~egion ·1s now in full swine, our statistical office keeps a constant check en the basic 10-day returns of the provincial "Consorzio Acrario11

•

We ho.ve found the.t appr oxirn:;i.tely 10% of these returns are incorrect. Immediate contact is made with the provincial office and figures are corrected,

42, rt·has b6en found that certain imported tood itemti in pawder­,ed form (eggs, milk, soup) are moving extremely slowly, There seem

, to be two reasons: first, · the iterila are not pale.table to the average Italian n n d sc c o nd · pric~s o.re, set too high, :inaking it prefer-able to buy fresh produots.

• 43, The regional stock situntion in these items for the month

ot June is:

" Commodity 1 Stock in hand • Distributed Balance at in tcne 1 e.t 1 June 1946 , Durint:; month 30 June 1946

Powdered milk 1;569~16 462.13 . 1~107.03 Evaporated milk 1 3~182~60 599.90 2 i582, 70 Powde r-e d s oup 5,220.43 666.87 4,563.56 P.owdered e~ge 329.49 t . 3.48 326,01

' Thia slow distribution might be eliminatll by publicity on the value and proper use or these special foods, by their use in the manufacture

t

' '

of b~ead and pasta and by their distribution at l~wer prices to partioular-ly needy categories• , .

I

44. (Bread Ration). en 5 July, news spread· like wildfire that the \ prefect ot Milan had arbitrarily increased the re.t\on from 200 gT!lmB to · 300 grams daily, Meetinrs were held all over the region to urge our prefects to fellow suit. The huce initial flow of wheat into provinoial warehouses at the be ginning of the ams sing campaign brcue;ht greo.t illusions in its wnke, 'Reggio Emilia, Florence, Si~na and .Arezzo

_'increased the ration t.o 2 50 r:rams, · Piacenza, .Parma and .Modenn went 1 -further and ·raised it to 300 grnms, · The · other prefects held firm,

awaiting orders from the Government. On 12 July, following o. news report

- 7 -

ti! the Government he.it ordered a general inorase to 250 gra?M, all - the provinces in the region stabilized the ration at that figure~

45, (Blaok Market). Special mention"m.ust be made of the war whioh is being waged by Italian officials in this regi.on en the black market in food. All of the Italian police forces o.nd officials, (ca.­rabinieri, flying squads, tax police; statistical officials, road police, rail pol ice., economic police, city constables) and voluntee·r citizen committees are mobilized in the formation of road~blookt to

·· halt illegal transportation, investigation at, mj]J B. an~;t.l;jreahers to check illegal possession ot {!;r'ain and control of priC!3S in shops. Threshing licenses have been revbked, mills have peen shut down, amass­ing violaters have been arrested, shops have been closed, black market• eere have been fined or ·jailed for violations--ot food -control laws', · · The ' wheat ,md flour seized in l!:milia alone are :·roughly equivalent to 750·, 000 rations Qf bread, The sugar seized in Emilia would furnish 83 1 500 monthly rations of 200 grams each-.

lNPUSTRY. ----46. (Distr ibutio:n ). Supervision of the distribution of import-

ed industrial raw me.terials has been hampered by two factors: e.) the in!'luenoe ot the recently-created Rome Industrial Sub-Commission bas not been felt very greatly as yet in Tuscany, and (b) many firms _in . Emilia app~ar unwill-ing to disclose their production status,

47. Gener.al · intlustrial rehabilitation appears reassuring only in food pro·cessing, and to same extent in State-subsidi'ted pµblio works,

1 both of which are necessarily short-termed projects.

48, Espeoially go·od prospects tor s~ge.r beet, to111e.to, tn~it, milk and cheese production will have .t"a.Torable repercussions in in­dustry e.s well as_e:tport~ However, this assumes sutfioient and timely allooationa of coal, POL, tinplate and sugar.

49". There is a aound desire that processed food products tind some outlet abroad. This would secure free foreign currency tor

- Italian imports of .essential ts.w materials 1UeA .a+RIMI• import program ia terminated1 Regional ircn, mechanical and textile industries are in peraistent doldrums beoause of shortages 1n · rue1, and especially beoe.use of limited markets and lack of capital. With the exception of p~ites and petroleum., all"mining industries are experiencing difficulty in t'inding outlets. Lignites, marbles and iron ores are also held .up by the irregularity t.nd frequent non-existence of rail transport.

50. (Local Fuel), :tnd\lstriea agree in principle that consump­tion of imported coal should be kept to a minimum when locally-proquoed fuels (lignite, methane, etc.) are availableJ in prectice however, very few firms conform to the vigorous campaign in tavor of national fuel.

51. The eampaig;i to increase consumption of regional production ot methane oonstitutes an industrial problem. Thie natural gas, which is fo'U7J.d chiefly in the Po Valley and in the Tuaco-Emilian A~ennines, is exploited industrially by more than 60 mining companies. Three pipelines eonduot the gas from the points of production to the consump­tion centers; (a) Rovigo-Ferrara to Padua•VeronaJ {b) Piacenza-Parma to ·u11an J (c) Pietramala (Florentine Apennines) to Florence. Daily output is again at about 100,000 oubio ~ters (one cubio meter of methane equals one liter of petrol or alJ'IIOst two kilos of coal)~ Its use 1n place of costly imported coal in the present emergency is recommended.

52. Th~. Tuscan methane output fortunately is being entirely taken up by the narket., although the Sooieta I Id:roce.rburi Nazionali (National Hydro~ce.rbon Society) is producing only about halt the daily capaoity of 22,000 cubic meters of its Pietramle.-Fltr!"exree 1>1~t«e. However, in Emilia there is an over-production which could be eliminated by-the eonstruction of a new pipeline from Ferrara to Bologna. for which

04 6.52.3

• Allied cateria.l.s ha-ve been requested.

53• (SUgar Industry). Requireoetits and distribution of coal for sugar factories in Er:dlia. and Tuscany are:

Coal Requireoenta ~lloca tion Distribu- Diff- fuel oil

.Alloca­ted

Forecn.st made tion effec- erence

Eclilia. i Tuscany

90,000 5,000

· 72,930 · 1,900

tcd to 23 July

Sli-,812 1,4E7

-18, 118 15,200 433 --

ToW 95,000 7!i-,830 56,279 -181 551 15,200 Thus, a good p1 .. oportion of tho coal which the sugar in~c; try estima­ted a.s its requirenent han been alloca t ed, but 181 551 t ons of tho reduced alloccd;ion a.re sti l l b be a.cl~.vercc'L to t h ::..s ess ential industry. It is lij:-sen t t btt tho c-:>0.l a -c-r~ w in t :inie, for in this. case coal mea:.~1 t.:..i~i:,i:: , esa0ncia l f or the basic ration end the impor­t_ant food-pr)ucl~.;.si.1.~i:', jndLt::;i::1'.'iu s.

VEHIC4E CONT.ROL:AND ::ViA I NTENAN'GF. SECTICN. ---------,...---.1----~-----54,. Transp.xd;::..ti.on 1.n -the .;::-egi0n has not yet been brought up to its allottec. st::.'\);1t:th~ d.esvite uon·[;i:..1u2.l promises from he: adquartere. Operations Lrc, lw.npn:ccd a,c; 1;1. C;)J"!..."lNJ.ncnc.o .- 'R0[;i.onnJ. st:ro!'lgth, inade­quate fr1r the j ::>-ei tQ oo cbnt3 ~ ·i.s; one' Fiat' sedru1., four Cho vrolet con:mand ca.rs : 21 j ee_pf! _cnr:. id.nn t :!"t::.01<.s. •.

Personnel s tron;;th

Florence Bologna. Fa.enze. Leghorn

ClC-S~ I 13

6 1

Carrara and Luooa. 1

Total . 21

this month is: Class II

54 monthly 36 41 II 29 1 II

2 II

5 II

103

1 3

Class III daily -

II 9 II

II -ti 8

17

TotaJ. 210

56. A Class I billet in Florence is now located at too Antl~-~· merican Hotel. In Bologna oilitary billet and mess privileges have been extended to the end o:f this month, . but as yet no alte~­ti ve accomodation has been i'ouna...

57. Two Class II messes, one for heavy workers and one for office workers, have been oponed in Florence an::l Bol.ogno. is planning a smiler meas.

CJrt 6523

A.L.ELLISON REGIONAL DIRECTOR

· EMILii~ AND TUSCANY IlliGIC:N ~

FIRENZE

LIVORNO

PISA

LUCCA

PISTOIA

APUANIA

ARF.ZZO

SlENA

ffiOSSETO

TOTAL

r:'.:OD:ENA

BOLOGL\ ·

REGGIO E. ?Am.':.\ PIACFlTZA

-FEili~RA ~L.VEirn.A FORLI' TOTAL

AGUCULTURE 10 (1) (2) t

' r 52 I - 105 I

294 t - 25 ' 347 I ,I. 105 I

t

t l_,537 I + 149 t

638 1 .. 79 I

l 5~4 I - . 4 I

f 1

289 ' - 29 ' t

291 i -.. 131 1

f"

249 ,4- 114 t

I 4,221 '-t . 153 I

t 5.,535 I -:-10., 537 t

t

18',,851 - 7,844 I

' 4~ 707 t .:. 8;050 I

i,II5 - I,2S2 '~58

I ·» 71 --r-3L1; ~iI ~2!3;522

I I~ 5()6 ! -:- 2., 714 i~2ti9 !~

I 2 t ..:21212 ' ... t>4 1 Utlo

fflEMPLOYlmtT IN EJITLIA .AND TOOC.ANA REGI<ll (JWE 1946) (Figures from Provincial I,abour offices).

INDUSTRY COMhlERCE t VARIOUS (1) (2) t (1) (2.) t {l) (2) (1)

18.,150, ... Zl6t 7,610 I ... 2231 1,946 ' -+ ,40~ 21,158 .. ' I . '

a, 03o, ~ 115t 4,309 ' - 291 3,885 r - 2011 16.,524 . ::; ' t t J

5.,9031 ! 412t 1,703 I r. 1~1 2,379 I t 200, 10,332

14.618• f 7311 2,208 '-t 1821 5.,520 I ::t 452 I 23,883 t

4.,5131 ~ 166 1 1.,626 I - 91 3,54:7 t ..;. 196' 10.,344

ll., 759~ -f 148r 2., 742 '~ 71• 6,588 r + 31 1 21,613

' ' . 1

5.,4~9t ~ . 435, 6$9 ' - 9, 552 I - 31' 6.,959

' 981t .. 18lt 683 ' - 92t 1,127 t .. 2~0• 3,088 .. .. "

' 102• +. 139 1 :¼69 I f 1721 428 l "t 891 1., 748 I t t

'10, 1171 + · 1,4111 21,919 t..J. 663 1 25,972 t + 556 1122,249

' t ·-I

7.,896r ~ 1.,790t 498 I + 241 1,046 I ... 36t B.,975 .. t

19,., 6171 .. 2061 1.., 981 I~ ' •

57t 4.,566 t + 7~1 39, 015 J

7; ~761 9951 591 I • 30' 989 t 4 6t 14;163 s·,4a1, • ~81 1 863 • • 4: I •t 37 1 0 - ' 35 ,. "ff . .., . ., . 973 .., I •.1.

~;95'91 ~ i2Z · 232 I 27 1 I; 693 i 291 I n; 'nt2 I9i,<'.5I5 1 643t ?06 '+- 11 ~ 1,ssg • of 26 1 52·301 - "r ,. ,

'0801 27I r :.:.n I .. 55 1 · 'l~I ~5 f 3;088 n;s5n,· + 9?P 9l56 91 r;2-1~ 53 r 12;}2.79

7C,H.:01 3, -i05r-s/J9! ' ..... , S91 I2,l'.m3 I 291J!I5S,~9G ... (1) 'Total uncmplo~-n:ent in J\lr..e 1946 :f (2) Incrouse or decreo.Gc of unenployl!l'.mt in June c .mpared With liny 1S46

Appendix "A"

TOTAL t REMARKS (2) t

I " 474t t unemployment figures

I - 140t tor Tuscnny aro almost I unchanged., but show a

1 .J. 871 • slight increase in t JJi,dustry. Tuscany-

t J. 1,514 t farms being smnll, no t extra help is employed

'+ 432 t for the harvest.

t * 2461

J - 5041

t - 62•. I --t

t -f 514t TOTAL PE'RCF.NT

f ..f. 2,783 1 lNCRF.ASE 2 .33:fo

\' Decrease is accounted £or by employment 0£

t - 12 33t. . , laborers on the large ·- Emilia farms during ?

·, - 7; Gl •: i tho h~r"Vestq This is . ! secs on.al w0rk nnd will

.,. 9., 04 , r not affect post-ho.rvest 9t -, fi cur3s. Harvest also

1~ '3Gt 1 accotm.ts for the de-t - 2~;!21rt cree.se in unemploy.nent

3,0b5r in ind.ust:-y.9 which ia I :j: 3St largely i'6od..,processing C')

rs- 1

r 57 1 t)~I in :8n:i l io. • L."\ - '°

' TOTAL PEi:WE:l r DECHE/i.SE ~

el 26.6:fo

:mcREASE OF FOOD COSTS lN EMILIA REGION SINCE AUGUST 1945

(Basdd on no:nml diet for each me~'.)er of avern ge family of fi~e)

Appendix "n"

.l--------,-------r-------,~-------------,-------,------~~------r-----...., A ve:roigo R.; ' ~l t

t

t

t

MCllTH

AUGUST

SEPTEMBER

OCTOBE."R.

t N OVlli...fBER t t DECEMBER

t JANUARY

1 FEBRUARY t t MARCH t

t APRIL I

t MAY ~

t JUNE

t FERRA.i.'u\ PARMA MODENA

t ·

19451 11,298.30 I 11,759.lQ t 11,996.40 t

19451 13,868-.40 I 12,970.20 I 15,362.10 I

19451 15, 752., 70 1 14! 615.10 1 l 7Jl460., 90 ' 19451 14,454.60 I 161 958!10 I 13,601,70 t

I

19451 161 149.0Q I 15,885.00 I 15,586.80 I

' I . . ..

19461 17,180.10 t 16,657.,50 1 16., 509.00 1

1946t 16,146.30 t 16,642.50 t lQ,309.,50 1 t •

19461 lG,357.50, 17,059.20 1 18,081.00 f

1946t 18,318.30 t 18,215.10 1 19,716.60 I

t

19461 16,649.40 1 19, 71().00 t 19,~4(;3.20 r

1946l 17,093.40 ' 18,928.20 17,898.00 1

F0RLP I RAV'l!NNA ' RE GGIO E. 1 B0L0CNA I PL\CilTZA ' I

t-·y '1"'c::t~},_ .t ------------- - -- . - ------- --•?

12,081.00 I ll.P959.60 , 12 1 222,,00 I 15;888AO I 15,- 809.,40 l

14,423 0 10 I J.4,65~.90 t 1,1.,,742.,90 t 17,276.10 t 18, 230.,70 I .,..

15,285,£?0 I 15,606,. 00 I 1$,565.7J I 18 , 109.,50 I 19_, 15-'k. JO , i

17.,333.40 r 19,155,eO r lG,568.50 I 20_,472 . 30 I 17 ; 879.10 I

18_,$83.4:Q I 19.,499.40 r. l~,693.50 , 19,012 .. 10 , 19,023.30 t

1 ... .

17,197.20 I 18Jl402 • 90 I 18,486.60 t 18,651.30 I 20_,106.,30 t

17,644.50 J 18,275.10 t 17Jl(387.50 I 17_, 342 0 70 I 20.,898.,60 t . 1 • • t

, .. 1e,12a. 10 t 19,51?7 .30 t 17,859.30 I 19,081.50 I 20_, 845. 50 I

I

18~773~70 t 19,584.00 I 20,009, 70 t 19,485.90 I 21 1 232.80 t

17,720.70 t 17Jl812.50 20,305.50 1 20,665.20 1 21,079.50 ' 17,656.50 t 16,764.00 t 20,800.50 I 20_,317.80 I 21, 719,10 1

t J.2 .,. 8 7S ., 80 ---, 1 15_.190. SJ

lG ., 568" 73 --, t 17,340 . 41

1 l 7,C04., 06

I 17.-,888 ,.86

I 18 1 371.25

I 1~_,417.01 1 ,-' 19,161,.37 t t 1

' 18Jl897.18

t Xver.Provlnoial ,- ,· 'costs during 1 15,751,63 r 16,309.09 116,533.65 r 16,838,.91, 17,415.40, 17,649.24, 18,754.80 1 19,634G40 r , 17,360,89 t year t ' r t

Average Regimal Food Expenditure in 1945 - 1946 - Lit. 17,36~.89

{Statistics by Regional Labor Office - Bologna)

•

Appen4ilC -C-1 . 000 000, 1 QOO 000

as ot 22 July 19" 975 000' ' fRD 147E I

' AMASSIDG CAMPAICN 1946 950 000' t

EMIL1A 925 000 I

Progress of 1946 Junnssing Cnmpaigr,. 900 000' in relation to forecast

anticipated by Italian Authorities. 875 000 I

05 000 ' ' ' 825 000 t

800 000 ' 1

·775 000 • t I

750 000 , t

' f ' 725 000 t t-·

' t t ' ' t ' 100 000 I I 1700 0001100 000• 11 ' 675 000 ' r 1:1, ' 1e eee i I •

650 000 I ' ' ' ' I ' I

625 000 I ' t I I

' II t 600 000 I t I 1t !fQQ 000

'- - t r I ' , ,

575 000 f ' -I I 1 t I . ' 550 000 t ' I t -t I 1 ' I I

525 000 I t ' ' ' t f I I t ' ' 500 000 I ' :f?O OOQ ' I I

' I I I t I t 475 000 ' t

f ' ' f I I I t I 450 000 I t 11 I I I I , t

425 000 I If , t ' f

e , 4od' ooo I t ., II ' t I I ' t 375 000 ' . t I f '11 I • t . ' 3$o 000 f t ' t " I t I • ' I 325 ooo I t ' t I I I I I 300 000 I 300 000 II ' . I I t I 2'16 000 i '

.. I ' It 1 I '1 ' . 250 coo t I ti ' ' I I

' f l• ' ' 225 000 I I ft '2) 5 QQQ ' It t ' ' t '' zoo 000 I I r J

. , __ f ' ' t I t

' I t •

175 000 I I rt ' ' ' t I t ' t ' ' ' t !So ooo I I If f I ' ' I t ' ' I I " 125 000 ■

t I ' ' , t J' ' t I t I t " 100 ooo I I 11 t t I t

t ' I I I I " 75 000

f ' ' t ' ' f 1 I I 1 I '' " So ooo I f " I I I I ' r I t '' " 25 000 '•294.938 11 839,770 , , 155 1 16:r, 332..t.M~-' ,202 1 2201 , ai1, 010113"3'"1a2s11 s20 1 200 0 I t I I f I ' ' f. I

' t ' ' t I ' t I I ' f r ,,

" • t

MOD BOL REG E PAR PI.AC FER RAV FOR

CM 6538

•

• ---~ RD 14/T

Q.ls

450 00() I

400 000 r

350 000 I

300 000 I

Appendix 11 011

as of 22 July lG~G

AMASSING CA}Il'AICN 1946

T OS C. AN A

Progress of 1946 Amo.ssing campaign in relation to forecast

anticipated by Italian Authorities. 450 000

I f

r ,

' t I I

' ' I I

t t

I t

400 000

-------------------------------------.,- -- 1 2 50 000 I 2 50 000

I I

t

I I I I

200 000 I I I I

I I

I I

150 000 ,, 11

11

t I

100 000 I I

t I

I I

50 000 t I

I I

I I

I 1

I t

CM 653a

:fr 75,033

-t

I

11

11

I 1

I I

I I

I I

I ' I I

t I

I I

> ~40 500 ,_

-f 120 00;Jl

. I I

I I

I I

I I

I I

I I

I I

I I

' t I t

LI PI 63., 725 ~,.~79

I II mm ' 5 000 I

t I .p I I I I

LU PIS '!' 4.1475 9.,_185

I I

I I

t , , I t ·, f I

200 0001 I ' ' t

t I I I ' I ' ' ' It I I ' I I I I , , I I

I I

11 I I

I 1 I I ' I I t I t

I I I I ' I I ' ' ' 11 I I • f t I

' 1 ' ' 1 I I 1 ' ,2 000 I I I ' ' ,:.....-::::=, I I t I

Ju?U lili s·r GRO 400 73,053 148t 700 21a, 1c2

• Attachment H-7-f.

2filNTI:J.!. REPORT OF 17IiE REGIONAL DIRECTOR,1,

LIGURIP~~~~@ON, FOR JULY 1946.

INTR.QWCTIO!f.,

'

1. The month has not been marked with any outetaniing incidents excep:tr for the CIP ( Comitato Italiano Petroli ... Italla.n Petroleum Committee) and the hotel strike. The actual stoppage of issue of petrol iid not ar"fect UNR.i.t?.A to any great extent, as arrangenents had previously been ma.de. The discharging of bulk supply from the S.S. " Carpet Wang" was a bit tricky, but after interviews with the Prefect, CIP, and an address to the workers, tre ship was disoha.rged.

2; Allied. Commission, Liguria, haw received. orders to close shop and are in the throes of winding up and retuniing requisitioned property, eto. We would like to put on reoord our thanks to .AD and Lt.Col. 1urner Coles for the help and cooperation they have always ex_tended to UNRHA~

3. On the 10 July 1946, the bread ration in nine of the 11 Pro­v:i.noes of the Region was raised by order of the Prefects from 200 gra.ins to 250 grams per day.

4,. The amount of U1-TPillA :ihi:?pir,.g in Genoa and Savona during July has been a reco:L'd., and In:.:,...orr.oation have made full use of it. Interest storicB an.cl J:'hctographs have been published about several of the. s~i:ps~ 1mcl the public ha.vu been kept well up to date about UNRRA ,:..;ti .. vJ+.'.le ::;.

5. Mr.- Domi tri Boria, photographer f'rom Rome Headquarters, spent several days in the Reo.on~ and oye:r:y facility W8.S extended to him.

6. The mailing list for "Eco:comic Notes" cor.tinues to increase. The supplem::mt, nsu.rv-cy of ItaJyY s Eoonorqy-11 has bt)en well received., and most favorable c01mmn·bs have reached the Regional Office.

70 Throughout the mon'th Rwiio Conoa have relayed national and local press releases on U1TRRA act:tvj_ties.

8. Durir.g the month tho weather has been mainly fine, with occasional heavy storms. On S1.mdoy 21 Ju.J.y 1946 a very heavy hail storm pe.ased over the Upper SOI"lvie. and Trcbbia valleys.. These are the most im-portant potato and chestnut aistricts of' the P!'Ovi.noes of Genoa. Fanrors of' this zone say th.a:t o:rops are almost totally lost. Dir­ector Professor Allegri of tho loceJ. M:inistr,y of .Agriculture is making a report wh:.ch will be forwarded to Headquarters.

EF!f?-..§..Si.n,&,

9. Tho Amassing Pr~raro, both in J-1.guria and Piemonte, has been disturbed and he lrl t~ by spor~.a.ic bad weather. An overall picture of the am J1.mt cf grain to be arntLsscd should be n.vailo.blo by mid.­August, shoulo. no f\'...t·tl)er deterioration in weather conditions occur. The present figures of i;rain amassed are very much in excess of those of last year at the HD.re perioo.1 but very much less than those of a

OM 6493

• -2-

good. year, such as 1943. A very rough estimate of amassable grain in the two regions is, Liguria 1,024 retric tons, Piemonte 96,274 retric t ons, of which Liguria has amassed approximately 77 metric tons and Piemonte 16,500 retric tons by mid-July.

10. The coal received from UNRRA sources is now arriving in the Provinces.,. and is 1'oing issued to owners of threshing machines which operate by coal. A careful check is being kept on this by Provinces.

· 11. Agricultural 'Officials in all Provinces are a:7?preoiative of the interest UNRRA is taking in the .Amassing Program, and all seem anxious to IMte it a success.

Fertilizers.

12. Fertilizers have been closely crooked during the month and a full repo:rt forvrarded to Headquarters. Distribution has been carried out effioiently. July's forwaro.ing for the Region of 2050 quintals of basic slag is ncrw reaching the farroors_

FISifilRIBS.

13.. The two outstanding problems with_ regard to Fisheries are:­

( a) Scarcity of fuel a ~lotted for fishing.

(b) High prices of fishing genr nnd mo.teria.J.s.

14. The in::ru.c of fuel to individual boats is so small that it allows for on]y 10 dnys1 fishing in one month. Every type of fishing gear except IDD.nilla and coooanut twines can be found in the open market., The prices, however:> are so high thn.t they are out of all proportion to the catches lnnd.ed.

15. In Genoa El!ld Leghorn the ex-AC fishing equip:roont is still lying in warehouses. This Off'ice has received orders f'rom Head­quarters Rorre to assist and help the FARP ( Fond.azione Assistenza e Rifornin-enti per la Peso~ - Corporation of Assistance nnd S~ply for Fisheries) in the distribution, but up to date no instructions have boen received nor have the FA.RP ;:i. representative in Genoa.

( Note by Headquarters Division of Agriculture , Forestry and Fisheries: The ex-AC fishing equipment is the property of the Italian Gove:rnroont who have not yet fixed sale-prices which would be com­petitive on the open ma.rket0 UNRRA is urging the Government to determine such prices so that distribution mny be effected.)

WELFARE.

16. The Summer Colonies nnd clothing have clairrcd most of our at-tention since the lust report. As was anticipated there was u delay in opening sone of the Colonie3 e.nd the usual last minute scramble for equipment 01d t:ransport[.'_tion. It is felt that many Colonies were opened :prerrw.ture]y, as vrorklren were still repairing camp premises. Shelters on the bea ches had not been prepared and in some few cases no food hn.d 2.rrived. These conditions were found in Colonies in . ;avonc.. w: ich crone from the Turin, Mihm, Bergnmo, Emd Balzano are us.

17. Some of the difficulty ubout food was the result of new ration scales nrriving after the choldren had left their ho:roo provinces with school lm1ch r o.tions onJ.yq Upon arriving at the Colony Province they lenrned of' the new SU_t-11:- lerncntn.ry ration scale for Colonies, and then began ~~goti~tions to rove the ndditional food. provided by the

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Province in wM.ch the camp was located. Even when o.dvised to issuo this focd by the Delego.tion the Consorzio Agrario ref'used to do so without orders from their own Federn.zione,

18. During the- visits to Colonies we were saaaenea by the laok ot program and by the disinterest or l ack of sldll on the pnrt of tho camp leaders. The entit-e progrrun seems to be going in the water, ooming out for refreshnent, sittihng under the shelter, then going in the water again. At no tiloo was there seen aey- game being playEA, e.ny story being told, or even any enooura.gement being given to bored children to build sand.cnstles, ·

19. In the Region there are 221 day c 51.Ir!l:"'s ,vi.th a population ot 27,071 and 81 :permanent CDJII!)S vn. th a population of 11,209.

itali~ Displaced ~ersons Clothing. . .

20., Reports have been f.orrra:rtlcll to Rome regarding the condition. of clothing Which has been very poor. · The Processing Section expert has reported the clothing in Turin to be average, It can be stated ( with feeling) that "average" to our minds is much too 1ow. In one of the Provinces the worst of the clothing hae been repaired and laundered m1d the result is very sn:tisfactory, and it iis felt that if more oa:re were takdn in sorting and packing before dis­tribution a higher standard could be achieved.

( Note by Headquarters Special Projects D}vision, P:rxioossing Section: A repres~tative of t his Section ha s been sent to Turin to look into the state of this consig:nnent of clothing).

21. In general there hn.s been a !M+'ked lowering of morale among the Provincial Secretaries, who have felt greatly harassed by new ration scales, clothing problems, and colonies springing up like mushrooms all ro:und tl\em. Our Field Staff have worked very closely with them through t his cris;i.s and by their combined efforts. the situation is now under control,

Mb. jor Activities.

22.. During the p ast month the 11 Criminology- Research GroUp of Ligurio." held o. meeting in Genoa. This Group is interested in establishing suitable institutions for the rehabilitation of juvenile delinquents. At · the meeting reference was mado to an "inter-Mini,tr:y institution" in Rore · ca.lied "Ente per la Protezione del Fancuillo" ( Society for the Protection of Children), and it was suggested that the Ligurio. Group could p o.ttern itself Qn this new "ente''.

23. Before the war a training ship ca lled "Garaventa" moored in Genoa harbor \i'aS used as a training ship for delinquent boys, but 'Ul'lfortunately the "Garaventa" wan sunk during the war. Through the efforts of the "Criminology- Research Group" another ship may be found~ to be used as a. boys' tro.inini:; ship.

24. , The Boys' Center a t Pammn.t one, Genoa, opened for l.00 boya on 15 July 19Lf-6, and is proving p. grcQt success.. We have ha.d. reports of hungry street boys e ating seven plates of minestra, ond of a hastily organized :E'ootball team winning from nn established team in the City, the l atteT event definitely gave Pamma.tone standing in the boys' world of Genoa.

DISPLACED PERSONS.

~5. Liguria is assisting - 527 c nse s, OM 6495 637 persons.

Piemonte is assisting - 849 cases. 979 persons.

•

Since the last report 26 persons have been referred to camp. During the month this Division has started its clothing distribution which is proceeding slowly, owing to the fact that maey of the dis• placed persons a.re living considerable distances awa:y from the dis­tribution center.

26. On 6' July 1946, two cases of extrerel.y high fever occurred at the Vocational Training Camp, Genoa, and for f'eo.r of complica.tiOl\S trey were taken to the Celesia Hospital. Th~ following d.ey informa­tion was received from the Hospital that these cases presented a 1)%'0· bahility of 90% typhoid. Blood tests were taken and after a lapse of two deys were found to be absolutely negative. However, during th:ls t~ another 33 persona were sent . to Hospital for the srum reason. Anti-typhoid ~jectiona were given inmediatel.y to the remainder of the camp. The exact cause of the above-ioon tioned fever has not been establisred and it is tmught that it was cllllsed by food or mosquit9 bites. All the above-,roontioned patients have recovered.

SECURITY.

27. The following monthly figures for arrests of people illegally entering the Port Area indicate the increa sing vigilance of the Port Police:-

March 38. April 53. May 86. June 398,.

Two small motor boats are now being used by the Port Police, and a further two boats will be in operation shortly. Inf'ormation has been received that during August a further 100 Police Agents will be al.lotted to the Port for security. The overall picture is one of general improveroont of Port security with every indication that it . will continue to improve.,

28. During the month there has been a case of impersonation of an UNRRA employee pretend:i.n:g to be employed in the UNRRA. Regional Office, Genoa. The Police have the case in hand, and warnings about imper-sonations of UNRRA personnel have a:?peared in nll local papers. Orders have been issued for these warnings to be repeated weekly.

29. With the increase of coal ships entering Genoa, and the neoossi ty of backpiling coal in the Port, steps have been taken to

iz\crease gunrds. A mee ting was held on 22 July 1946, with the head ~:.:i~he Consorzio CarbQne ( 0oal Distributors), and arrangements were '"""-'f for the Oonsorzio to hire 16 guards can-ying out a round-the-clock guard comrooncing 21+ July 1946.. It is hoped and con:f'identl.y expected that these guards in conjunction with the regular Police will atop coal- pilf'erage in the Port.

30. During the ~onth contr.ots were made with the Questore ( Polioe Chief) 1of VeroeJli, Novara, and Aostll.., and with the Director of Con­sorzio 'Agra.rio Provinciale at Turin, Vt;;.roelli., Nwo.ra, and Aosta. In all towns it was found that ad.equate steps were being taken to sa:fe­guard ~ supplies and all Police Chiefs expressed their willingness to gi~ the maximum cooperation to this Office.

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HEALTH.

31. ENDIMEA. ( Ente Distribuzione Medicinalc Alleate - Insti-t,1t e . for the Distribution of Allied Med.ico.1 SU.:>p:.i0n). · ·.

A full report on the ENDIMEA, Genoa, hn.s been f'ozwn.rded to the Hw.lth Division, Hoadqnar-ter s Rrnm~ Many aistribt::t:l.on nrnl p::iy difficulties have been cle.'.D'.'ed up and l:Lats of goods arc now being fozwo.rd.ed to Provincial Medical Officers, Hospitals, Institutions, etc. ·

32. Dist:ci.:bnbion ::in.s been completed in the Province of Liguria. In Piemonte d::.e-:;::-:i .'b . .i:~:i..on is Et111 be:i.ng carried out. It has been found that the mrme~ P.t.'ogr:m of mod.:5-c-nl d.:i.c:',t:r·i1mt.ion h a s been badly misrepresented. a.nJ. ·the t::.-.,.,_e _;;:,io-tn::·c k~~ n,,t r0a c-:b.~c1. Dll -::onccrned. Meetings o.re being llelJ. in fae v .xcious Provinru::; with Prov.1..i,.cial MediCD.1. Officers ,md Dtrcctors of Hospitals to clear this mn.tter up.,

Penioilli~

33. Two hundred. and thirty-three cases of penicillin were re­ceived from t he steam3r S~$. " Roaden Bennett" for the Medical Officer of Genon. T7To hundred phials which had been brou ght ashore by one of the c:i:-ev°I" of a ship in dock were recovered by the South · · African Mill tnr-J Police, ond have been handed over to the Medico · Provinciale of Genoa.

Sumoor 9.21:onio s._

34. The medical care of Sumroor Colonies is being investigated, as nt present there seems to be some misunderstanding as to who is really responsible for the redical supplies.

FINJi?-TCE .AND .AIMINIS'J:RATION. •

35. The personne~· strength of the Region is as follows:-

10 Class I: 8 in Genoa. 2 in Turin.

69 Class II: 53 in Genoa ~ 32 monthly - 21 dai~) 16 in Turin 11 monthly - 5 daily

1 Class III: in ~in.

36. Four resignations of Class II staff have been· received this .month due to higher peIDOn.ent positions hn.vmg been offered to them by private finns.

37. Owing to 'the addition of the Requirements an:1 Distribution Division, office space h..'\.S .. be core insufficient ond ne go tin. tions a.re talcing place to acquire further n.ccomnodn.tion.

REQUIREMENTS AfID DISTRIBUTION.

389 The Regional Requirements and Distribution Office was initiated on 15 July 19li-6, on which date Major Evons, the Requirexrents and Distribt-..tj_on Off;:;i.ccr, aITivcd. S:ince 15 July applicants to fill the positions of Ind!.ustrial Specialists h ave been selected, raid we are waiting for Mr. Luzzatto ( Chief, Sub-Bureau of Industrial Rehabili,­to:';ion) to inte:rview and f'iru:.l.lly approve the several candidates we hnvo nvaila"ole.

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39. Other activities have included the contacti?l8 of Provincial Chambers ot Ocmneroe, visits to North Italy Industrial Rehabilita­tion O:f't'ice, and the ooo?tlination .of other Divisions ill the Regional Office to obtain the maxinun of information on supply problems.

PORTS • GENOA AND SAVONA,

40. During the :first 25 days of the month 48 Wps caI'I)"ing UNRRA cargo have put into the Porte; Genon ( 31), Savona (17), the bulk of the nerohandise being coal. A reoord wns reached on 25 July 1946., when 22 vessels with UNRRA supplies were lying in the two Ports.

41. The main problem at the mom:mt is warehousing. The con­tinuous arrival of cotton both for~ and 00II11rercinl. use has :filled the two big warehousee at Alessandria and Pozzuolo Fonnigano. On 25 July 1946, 44 out of 130 barges in the harbor were acting as warehouses. This is a bad p,:-actice as the quio~ discharging of vessels in tnal\Y onsea depends on the nuniller of barges available. Eve1y effort is being made by this O:f'fioe in ooopero.tion with the OrgL nizati,ons concerned in order to arrange now warehousing spo.oe out.-td.e the Port.

42. Food stu:N' in the Darsena ( National warehouse on the Port) amounts to approximately 20,000 tons and is on the increase, as at present there are other co.rgoes under discharge. A defini. te delay has b~n noticed in the distribution of soup, carrots, tomo.toes, potatoes, cabbage, which are ocoupying space fpr approximately 8500 tons. The movem:mt of these goods to provincial warehous~a would gn,atly relieve the position.

(' Note by Headquarters Division of Food: No allocations of carrots, totna.toes, potatoes or cabbage have yet been mruie. These foodstuffs are dehydrated and are being held in reserve for the winter when fresh vegetables will be soaroe. With regard to the soup this will be distributed during A~st apd September in o.ccordonoe with the Wel:fo.re program which is in preparation).

RELATIONS WITH THE ITALIAN GOVERNMENT .AND OTHER AGENCIES,

43. OUr inarettsed: shipping in the Port hns brought f' orth greater cooperation among the Goverrumnt Organizations hendling UNRRA morohandiae end the various shipping agents.

41+-. Cordial ond 80lid working nrrangoxmta exist between rurselvea md all ltalian Go-rernmemt Depa.rttmnts in the Region.

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Leo Kaonigsbe1't Regional D~ctor,

U.sutl:~ & Piemante J!Psion.

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Attachment H•7•g•

ijCNTHLY REPORT OF THE REGICNAL DIRECTOR, LOMBARDIA REGICN FOR

JULY 1946

EconomiQ Situation

Social and Lnbor

1. unemployment is steadily rising in tombardia according to latest available data. As of June 30 the toto. l number of unampl oyed in · the re.gi on was approximate1y·310#000 out of a population of about 61 200,-000, as · compared with 303,200 unemployed in May, 214,84'0 in Ja.nuary, and 116,191 in October1 1945. All p.rovinces reflected this increase in w.employment except the agricultural· province of·Mantova, whi6h showed a decrease t?om 20,607 in January to 15,505 in June .. Part of the rise·in w.employment reflects real added unemployment among Italian workers, the causes for which are attributed to: (a) continued lack of raw materials·and (b) laok·of domestic nBrkets for the finished products, due agnin1 in major part, to the still sadly-lacking purchasing power of the mases of the Italian people- Current estimates show that the average employee in tile city of Milan·earns ap,roximo.teiy Lit. 12,500 per · month and has to spend about Lit. 30,000 for basic necessities~ In part, however, the unemploy• ment figures reflect a very considerable increase in the numbers ot refugees in .this region. · (A complete study of wages and cost of living is in preparation).

2. The month of July was featured by a series of impo~tant strikes, the causes of which were geherallr of an economic nature, though in some caseJ there are trace& of political·motives. Work stoppages pave occur­red almost everywhere in th~ region, in the agricultural as well as in• dustria1 sectors. Demonstrations which took place in Brescia were or a particularly serious ,nd sometiroos •. violent charo.cter. Similar events were reported from Ma:(ltova e.np. from Suzzara. :rn Milan city unemployed reduci vented their f~elings·on the Questore and striking waiters raided several public eating houses. The insistent demnnds of the workers in the various oategori~s,· who ; are exercising their right to organise e.nd strike after 20 years of suppression by Fascism, are in most oases stand~rd wage-e.nd•holir strikes·, but in som;:, instances include more tar•

. re_aohing objectives.; ()l the whole the prospects for industrial peace at the end of July are not too·promiaing •

. . IndU3try ! .

3,. The shortages o'f coal and: raw :rw.terials still seriously ha.ndioap all efforts towards ~ore satisfactory industrial rehabilitation. 1't is Wlquestionable that the situt,.tion would be infinitely worse were it not for UNRRAts contribution in coal and raw n:nterials. The metallurgical industries seem to be : in the worst position, while the textile ind~try appears to be,- momentarily· at le~st, in the most favorable. All ootton mills are ·working actively, although the weaving mills are still ·working ins~ficicu~ly to absorb the number of available textile workers. The reason for the slack in the we-aving section is the reluctance of the spinners to su1 ... 1, ly thr. -., -.,c.. l;. ~ ~ .r~tL '/f.,.. ).'T:. which tL.,J find more profitable to export. There have been fewer labor ~:~t'~tos o.mong textile workers and those that have occurred have been confined to small groups and were not of great significance.

Agriculture

4. Crops ,. It now ur,peurs that. the wheat yield is below expeoto.tion• in the provinces belc.v .the Alpine arch due to lack of fertilizers la ■t year and early this year, and to excessive rains in May and June. Thi• unexpected lack has been surprising . and disappointing both to farmer• and to provincial inspectors of ngr1culture,· Wheat production in this region is not e~pected to exceed 56,000 tons, which will, of course.

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- 2 - • affect the ·amassi. Com (mnize), both first and second oropa, 011 the other hand, are splendid and better than anticipated. Throughout the region the quantity and quality·or the corn now ripening is better than has been observed in many years. Muoh of this is attributed to the results obtained with the soda and especially the ammonium nitrates used on this 6rop. Production is expected to exceed the originally• estimat~d 500,000 tons considerably.

5. Thanks to the favorable weother and the fertiliters sugar beets hnve developed very well and are now nearly ready for ripening. Sugar factories will open early in August and there i~ real hope ·that production will be sufficient to break excessively hibgh · prid9i now prevalent in the black mirket for sucar and to provide at least the ·elementary needs ot-industries which ~epend upon sugar. ·

6. Amass! • _The m:ia3sing of wheat which showed rapid progress trom 20 June to l0 1July ~ue to the government premiums has shown a tendency to slump, especially'" in Milan and Pavia provinces in spite of the last premium being extended to the end of July. In these provinces tarmer• nre Ji.ow beglniling rioe oulture and hay··colleotion· and it is hoped that in spite of bl~ek m,.rket offers from Milan, (})noa, and Switzerland, the authorities- are taking. a firm stand age.inst the defaulters and br1ngi~g about improv-ements in the near futur~.

1. · . ~istribut_~on· of imported ' nitrates has continued right through the month ·for the -09rn, · sugar beet, and vegetable crops. ot the arritrala by mid-July however, 81 tons of ammo1'1.um'nitrates remained unsold• as th~ new prtoe had/ not been fixed in Rome, which hampered crop denlop• ments. A speoial high spot in the agr'ioulture.1 situation ii the excellent result of the silkworm campaig;i which should insure satisfactory production or' B.ilk in the next few months, for which there ii 10 gr-eat a denand, both . in Italy ·and abroad.

· Breo.d Rationing · ,

a. · By. the bogi-nnihg of July, by more or. less arbitraty deoree1 ct the Prefects · or of' the SEPRAL offices in the nine provinces, the individual breo.d'ration was incr·eased to 300 gre.ms per day on an 80% extraction basis. UN~1.Ats inter."<tention with the Italian Government and the detendne4 aotion te.kien by the latter has resulted in th6 reestablishment ot 250 grams por·day in all provinces except Brescia, -where it still 1tnnd1 o.t 300 gr$ms. Undoubtedly because of lack of understanding of the need tor reestablishing 'the lower ration· there was a considerable public naotioh age.in~ th'e. reduction. In Milan city the Caproni ·workers staged a 011e .. dny· ~trilc;$, -cn'-& July as a ~rote~t against the out. In Brescia the local paper, "n Gtornnle di Bresci<l".., 21 July, rather vo.guely hints a1s "disoonte11t among tbe :rmsses", de.scribing the problem or bread ration-ing in terms of ,undisguised animosity., using such phrases aa "the UNRRA .fore~_griers n_i:, doubt nave reasons of _their own for caitinuing to inter• f~re · ~ this ·tnS.tter". It is the 'opinion of this regional otti6e that oonddEirably more publicity should be given to the reasons why, despite a generally satisfactory li"' .,. ~ -...:.. t .,, ·-:;: . ">read reti.on cannot be re1tor.ed to 300 gre-~ ·,:, 1tli~•,+, ~,., ,.~•rring the pose~hility of dire ditfioulties 1n the coming year• .

9. A~though the black market is still rampant, the campaign against it has been intensified and throughout .the nine provinces is showing a certain measure of success. · polie~·action has been stepped up in the confisoat1on of grnin, flour, su'gar • and other foodstutfs, and the UNRRA Retiorinl.- Protecti'Ve Office has given and received much greater coopera­tion than be:f'ore from police agencies. · (For details aee report on protective services below).

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• Welfare

Accomplishments

10. During JUly 158,830 needy mothers and children were assisted in Lombardia. Additional ratiQ?ls nave been requested by various commune• and institutes in the provinces•

11. The problem of organizing summer colonies was considerably cln~ified at a meeting of all provincial secretaries by the Italian Delegation in Milan on 3 July.

12. Preliminary plans have been made for the nutrition eonferenoe nnd the Welfare Division cooperated with the Ministry of Post-war Assistance> the rtnlinn Delegaticn> nnd other aeencies in formulating plans for nn institute.

Problems

13. The ni1jor problem during the month w:is the arrival of additional displaced persons from Venezia .Gi.ulia, particularly with respect to housing. The Ministry of Post-War Assistance, in cooperation with the Welfare Division, has made every·effort to obtain large buildings, un­used factories and army barrnoks, for those displaced persons without interfemng with the industrial and communal needs of the provinces in which they are located. Lombardia is responsible for the care of nn additional 10,000 refugees and thus far places have been fowd for only s,ooo. The Welfare Division has rendered assistance, making the necessary contacts with Town Majors, and other Allied personnel are providing transport, and giving co1;sultation service.

Publio Health

03neral Situation

14. The health situation is generally satisfactory in the field or contagious diseases, although there is far more enterio than would ever be tolerated in Britain or the USA.. Jh addition., there has recently been-a fair number of anterior polionzy-elitis, infantile paralysis., especially in the eastern provinces of Lombardy, and one case of cerebra-­spinal meningitis in Bergamo, The city of Mantovn must definitely be regnrded as a malarial zone; since the beginning of Maroh there have been some 90 oases or beni€11 t~rtian infection there. rn some provinces scabies is a very real problem, especially in certain districts,

Accomplishments

15. Increased speed nnd efficiency in the distribution of UNRRA medicinals by the Medici Provincio.li (Provincial Medical Officers). The Regional Medi0al Officer reports that the medicinals of the second distribution have, with a few minor exceptions, reached the hospitals for which they were intended. Penicillin is coming in regularly every month and a recent allocation of insulin> liver extract, and thyroid · tJ .• ietract is at . r,.),, <':-!:: bs· !1 "" ~; d., 1 J. ub"' 1 to the provincial centers. :Naro , .. / ·~ ,-.~-. ure also arriving and e.re be ing distributed according to the plnn drawn up by tne High ConunJssi (Yrier for eygiene and Public Health. l.s was foreseen, this plnn was j,nadequate, since it did not include mnny import1:mt institutions• The Medici Provincia-11 have submitted to the Regional Medical Officer a revised list of hospitals for the next distribution of narcotics and this has been forwarded to Mission H.Q. ·

16. Improved distribution of .ENDIMEA (Ente Distribuzione Medicinal! Alleati ~ Institute for the Distribution of Allied Medioal Supplies) supplieso These long-awaited supplies hnve at last begun to reach the

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• provinces and in some cases have already been distributed. l!NDIMEA X•ray films hnve also arrived and nre being oolleoted by the Medioi Provinoia• 11 in the depot in Milan.

17. Continued distribution of hospital sheets~ pillovr eases; nnd towels. Because of the priority given to other re gions of Italy r.w.ny provinces of this reeion and the neighborine northern regions have received either nothing or only a small part ot their quota. ()lly the province of Como in this region has so far received its quotn. With the acceleration that is now expected as the result of the speoial ettorts made by this regional office and the Italian Delegation to get the cotton goods out of the factories more quickly than h~s been the c~se* it is expected that the hospitals of this region. too, will receive the . very much-needed shipments of hospital ootton goods. ·

18. Visits to the hos pitals of the provinces - The Regicnal Medical Officer has continued his work 1n following up the distributim ot WRRA needs to the hospitals. No irre~ularities were detected except one case involving the illegal sale by the pharmacist of a hospital ot UNRRA medicinals to the public. This was detected by the Medico Pro• vineiale~ who has sequestered all the material, referred the matte~ to the Prefect and instituted an inquiry. In addition the case haa been referred to the Regional Protective Service Officer.

19. · Benzyl Benzoate was distributed to the -provinces of Bergamo end Pe.via • .

20. - DDT was distributed to San Vittore prison, to the Co?1111une of Milan, and to UNRRA staff.

21. Arrangements for leotures an venereal disease. Medici Provinoia• 11 have been cireulariied by the High Commissioner for Hygiene and Pu~lie Health to collaborate with Allied imdioe.l authorities 1n nn attempt to reduoe the incidence of venereal disease. The Re~onal Start Me'dical Officer, Dr. A.A. Kaluzny, is preparing a series of lectures to be delivered in • t.asociation with Medici Provincie.11, to groups ·ot tactoryworkers, young men•s clubs., and the like.

22. Recommendations were mnde that iodized table salt be me:de avatla~lo to the province of Sondrio., where goiter is o ndemic.

Problems

23. Medical care of UNRfu\ staff - The Regional Medical Officer hat included in his report to Mission HQ the problel!l8 involved 1n adequate medical care for the regional UNRRA staff. !nitinl steps·have been taken and care is now being provided by the staff Medical Officer to our el_llployees, but further directioni, t'.i•e needed from Mission HQ in order to provide ordinary miniJMl care.

24. More beds are needed for the treatment of T.B.

25. X-ray and laborato~y equipment is needed for several ho1pital••

Protective Service

Aeeomplisluoonts :

26. The battle against the black market, corrupt practices and crimtnnl activities in relation ~o jJRRA supplies, was continued effectively by the Regional Protective Office during July. As each month passes the work of the Proteotive Officer increases in scope and volwm but notable progress is being inade in eetting more cooperation and effective aetion from the Italian police authorities. Below is a summary of caeea completed and pending during the mcnth. (Cases newly _reported at the .end of the

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month are not .listed).

(a) Black imrket operations involved the sale by Consorzio Auario officials of UNRRA fertilizer. Further investigation corroborates data received from confessions and provides added information. Report has been sent to Mission HQ.

(b) Special investigation was made with respect to smuggling ot su~r from Switzerland and involving the use of false UNRRA permits. This investigation led to the sequestration of over 100 quintnls ot sugar which was t~rned over to SEPRAL. Complete report baa been sent to Mission HQ.

(c) Further progress was made in the arrest of bandits who stole large .quantitie~ of cotton goods at FURTER cotton Mills, including 3,000 meters of UNRRA sheeting. This is a notable ease of eooperatim between Protective Service and · Italian police authorities.

(d) Persons were arreste~ in possession of false UNRRA document,.

(e) :Investigation resulted in the arrest of the principal of an elementary school ~ ~Han for having sold UNRRA sardines.

(t) UNRRA sheeting was stolen from the HCNNEG\R Cotton MilU at aergamo. Jnvestigaticin is atill being carried out by agents or the Italian poli oe •

(g) An UNRRA driver was dismissed and arrested for theft and aal• of petrol.

(h) An UNRRA vehiclie was· stolen with clear . complicity ot d.riv~u•• who has fled a~d ,is being :fought by Italian police authoritiu.

• i (i) :Investigation of· misappropriation of UNRRA food at the Co.mmme

Castiglione d1Aqda was carried out. I t •

(j) Several other inve~tigations involve alleged irregulDrities on the part of Italian Cklv~:rn;ment or UNRRA personnel.

lnformation Seotian

Accomplishments :

2 7 • Prepe.raticns we:r::e [made ~ short notice o.nd with changing-. instructions for the publ;ioity side of Mr, La().lardia•s vhit. Not1oea to the press frere limited to t~e mere statement that the Director General would- be in Milan. At the request ot :Mission HQ, Infonm,.tion. Office photographers were provided to accompany Mr. LaCAlardia on h1• visit to the faotorie~ and note_o were made of his speeches and eomm11t1 and the public reaction thereto.. A full report on these arrangements has been sent to Mission HQ, Information Division. A special diapateh with two ~aeries of 16 press cuttin~s concerning the visit of the Directer General and copies of all :photos taken have been ■ent to Rome.

28. usual activities· have included review of all local new■ papers, press outtings, compilation of daily press digests in English and Italian, distribution cf Economic Notes, exchange of information wi~h representatives of British and American information otficers.

29. Mr. · Harlan Cleveland was· sent press cuttings regarding hie visit here., 28 June-.

30. The weekly review w~s compiled.

31. Special bulletin on fishing and pig iron industries was prepared.

CM 6585

- 6 ... • Special Problem!

32. The order unfreezing a.ppointxoonts fer the Rand D functions of this region has opened the wuy to get personnel for these functions but action is still awaited from Rome on specific individuals. ·

33. Th~ visit of Major Sccot ... Brown ga.ve us the opportunity to discuss with him several important ngriculturnl fdod problems. Questions among the problems in the food field at the present time a.re:

(ai The very serious situation arising from the lack of tin oans for oe.nning the now ripening to'mnt · crop was discussed by the Regional DirectQr, 1~jor Scott-BroWQ., nnd Ing, L~otti, of the North rte.ly Industrial Office. ·an the basis of this discussion certain reeonmenda• tions were taken to Rome by Major Scott-Brown.

(b ) . Tpis regional office n-ow has a complete tnble or. dried foods on hand .in Lombnrdia region.· A+thpugh the situntion is probably not as bad as in some other. regions, we a.re very much concerned with the amount of dried milk and powdered eggs which are rotting uway in warehouses which could have been long since distributed usefully. This was the subject of a report to be :made by }.{ajar Scott•B'.C'.own11

34. The accumulat~on in wa.r~hcuses of hospital cotton goods called to our attention by Mission HQ, is being resolved by a special effort to get more oars frOlll the rtaliun ro.ilwars for the delivery of the goods. ~s this.~eport is written satisfactory results have already been achieved 1n diminishing the over ... large stockpile. 'i

.. ,

,, " t· ...

CM 6585

.• .

A.L. RAFFA., U.N .R.R.A., Regional Director, Lombardia,

,-

• I

\ .

,

,,.

• Attacmoont H-7-he :MONTHLY REPORT OF THE REGCONAL DIRECTOR 1

VENETp REGION FOR JULY 1 1946,

INTRODUCTION.

1. The heavy responsibilities of local govon1100nt o.dminiatro.tiont most of which nrc borne by the Prefects, hn.ve been well illustro.ted in this Region during the past three months.

2, In Moy the preparations for the General elections diverted the attention of local officials awny from questions of rehabilitation.

3. After the elections in early June their thought·s were brought back to the more n:nmdcnc but equally important mn.ttcr of o. critical . food shortage. The new ,vhco.t crop arrived just in tilw.

4 • . ·Now in July qvor,y· province hn.s had i ta demonstrations for more f"ooa1 ·m6'fu wages ond for o. shorter worldng week, The demonstrators in the main were appeased by promises of on incre...'tsed ration . ( in mnny cnse.s grq,s,sly in -excess of.' what the centro.l .eovo~nt:. cnulc1 : be e~otef ~6~'. v,o:-co 'l;o·) ·lllld··by promise13 of rcconstru~ion saho?OO's , .. - · to boost eciployn~i:it :~ · .working c :-indi tions.

·.1 • . •

• I

5-, A~ _present tho ~feets are preoccupied with mo.t:ters llrising , ·" · out ot"'::t;he· petrol stl'iko wh:Lch h.is :nbt, so ·tar, ,D.ffectcd :UNRRA Veni·oe <-': Regii:iff :,n.~ : tl;le ,str5Je'.!'.'~, ,ns: .. o. spooiill conoessi9n, •· nre handling POL . ·. ·-' to keep··· us worldng. ·

• I

6. The_. P,:re~ct _of ,Venice is· perhnps more oonce~<l. , abou.t .the strike of hotel worker~ which ha.s. -hit ;- tre city a. t the height of its .busiost

. sen.son ··since ·-1939. Sotm visi:tors }10.ve felt the city, pth.ers hv.ve-· · · · stnyed on 'to d.o their own chores and o.re feeding a.t small resto.u:ronts. . . .; .

7, Op the whole, .bowever, the region of Venice is fortuno.te in thn.t - '· it mtry be rego.rcled as welli:-tci-do when compnred .vyith most other regions~ ... The bumper wheo.t crop, the success of the omo.ssing, the opening of · S'l.Ulllller c~s for poor children ruid. a heavy trnf'fic of holidny mo.kers to its r~sorts cren.tes an impression of normo.lity.

8. The restlessness of Labor havrever qruits o. shad.ow.

9. Tnrgets for July were :

( o.) CliSiill scheroo. Mission HQ has a.greed. to send nn official to Veneta Region to st'l.l/:fy" the situation ond ~ ::reoomroo:ndo.tims, particularly in regn.rd. to lonn of trnnsport.

(b) Technical Schools for tro.ining W'X)mployed.

Provincio.l reJ?orts now corrq:>leted but t oo late for c :~ordinn­tion . O:Ild submission in July~

(c) Scheroo for unif'icntion of nssistD.l).ce. . . . .

Nq. progress to report.

(a) Non.,,-3.istribution of surplus clothing lying in port warehouse.

• , ! ·. ' ·

Pro_apects o_f' an eorzy clenronce.

( e) Administrntive p-lE\ll for checking distribution of UNRRA supplies. · CoJI!Pletaa.

,., •j

w 6588'

-2-

10. To.rgets for llugust will be :

( o.) Further notion on CN3M3 schere.

(b) Coo:ro.inntion nnd submission of reports on teohnico.l training for unemploye~

( c) To wo.tch progress of 3rnin CJD['.Ssing • .

(a) To truce tll possible action to help check blnck ma.mt deals in grain o.nd trnn1'>.._)ort;:,.tion of srure across the Adriatio.

( e) To mn.ke inspection of areas t:ren. tcd by DDT i.md.er the Anti--Mo.lnr:i.til. scheioo.

SERVICES DRDVIIED VITTH UNRRA RESOURCES.

Hen.1th.

•

11. The. general health · s:i:Mution in nll 10 pr:)Vinoes at ·venioe Region is good.

12. out-b~~ of POLIOMYELITIS (infantile , p~sis) ooourred .in certain proviii.oe•s -but immediate ~usuros· were taken to segrego.tc the •·

'

en.sea ~~?.,the 04-t;b;-eo,k,-: now · shows o. tendency to dimini.sh.- · · . . . _.·.' - . . .. , ).'

13. The province of Venice i .a,. t;l).e,;:f'irst t<? ·prod~oe Mnl.D.rio. figure_~ · since the nnti-~~io.1 comp_o.:i;gn.·.co!:ll!Cnoe·d in-. this_ region.- , ·The JUBe report s~mvs ·· n cpn,s:i:deruble doc~['.00 in rnn.lo.rio. -cases in the nreo.s treated by,-,~ Vf.i_'.th DDT. :,:, ··_::- .

~ . , ' .. ..

14. S~ UN.RR]{ bnib~~ces hnvc beqn c.llocnted to · this region under the revised distribu~Qn. plnn.. {!;heir vnlue c rumot be ovox:-cstimnted but mnny more ni-e ro·q1.rl.red1 bef()re. the rec.lly poor people in isolntod oormmmes _con ·be n~sui-~d 0-f even ·;_ rninin..."':l s0rvice. · ·

15.. A:f'ter tc·long period of ir.\_)rovisa.ticn and borrowing of equipmnt neoessito.tod by wnr drunD.ge t'nd lootine, the Dolo fir•spitc.1 in the province of Venice hn.s ta.ken delivery of a. a)(:)',-bcd hospi tnl unit sup--.plied by UNI',RA. The nrrivnl of this unit with the consequent

re-opening of o.11 tbo wnrds of the hospi tnl wns rnD.rked by on official ir:cceptio:n, o.t which the principle officicls of the province IIll\.qO speeches eulogizing the work ond 6encrosity of lJNrtRA. In nd.dition a memorial to.blet hns been erected in the entrance hall of tne· hos• pi tal o.s n pe~nt record of o.pj_)recia.tion.

Wel:f'are,

16. Sumner Colonies hnve cl:::diood mo:re o.ttention than any otho~ Wel:f'ere subject during the po.st :r.ionth. In Venice Region vre have 75 permnnent Colonies nlren.dy in opero.tion co.ring for 10,102 children ond o. further 123 duily Colonies which 21,875 children attend. Most. of these children have been tnlcen from the streets or from sq_unlid surroundings. Their reactions to clenn buildings nnd nn ordered. life in beautiful. parts of the country is ad.equo.te repn.ymmt for the tremndous omount of work Yrhich hns gone into the sche~, - UNRRA1 s new ro.tion scn.J.e for these Colonies is n geneDqus coricoss1on whioh will a.1iCM' n Slilllll pnrt of the Governroont' s money o.llocntion to be spent on extrns.

1 7. Nine of the 10 provinces ho.ve now completed their plon for dis­tribution of clothing nnd, in the :,r ovi..T1ces of Bolznno nnd Trento, o.otual distribution ho.s been mn.r1e;. The rcr.1D.ininG eight pr,Jvinces are nwo.itinz receipt of -the bo.l~cc of their o.llocdion.

CH 6588

... ·•

"

.I

·' • -3-

S;uppl.y nnd Distribution.e

18. AG['ioulture - Enrly· in July it -waa apparent that tho harvest wo1:1lcL yield even more~ th..'\ll the most optimistic bn.d esti:mn.ted.

, ,

19. The next nnxiety wo.s whether tho f~.rmers would cooperate with the goverruoont's plan for o. full omn.ssing~

20. The results so fnr o.chicved in this restion nre highly satis­factory. In one provin,-.e the quota. o.s fixed by tho Compo.rtm:mtnl Inspector of .Agricul turc hl'..s been excecde~ Five other provincos 1

have runassec. between 73% nnc1 93% of their quote.. One province he.s turned in 57% of its tnreet figure and the :romo.ining throe pro­vinces n.re down the list due to the motU1tainous nl'..tu,re of the dis­tricts ond lc.teness of the crops~

21. It is di:f':f'icult to judce the extent of illegal export of grn.in across the Adril'..tic sen to the Dn.J.mn.tion coast but it is feo.red to be heavy. ·

22. The network of small rivers run cnncls just s outh of Chiogga · on- the E_n.st Coast together vn th the small number of police o.vaila.ble to pn.trol the urea operate in fn.vor of tho "black mnrketeors". . .

23. · Our hope·s of exporting surplus f'r.1 i t to 11.ustrin in exchange for much-wonted timber received o. set back. Austria is flirting with others in regard. to her timber and will only d.enl with us on c.. long term creidt bD.sis. Tht'.t is ·not soo good but it does not close the door to further necotio.tions.

24. Fisheries - There is no I?k"..teria1 chDnge in this industry. Catches con tin.ue to oo good but not good enough to force down the high prices in the 'fn.ce of a hec..vy demand.

25. .An increase in fuel allocation to this region in ·July for fishiftg cr~t is o. move in too right direction.

26. Coal - July discharge figures for coo.l at the :port show a sharp ~.ecrea.se on those for June. Following nn order of the Director of :s-cute Re..ilwoys to freeze sup:9].y of wnr;ons for mover..lCllt of n listed onteeory of goods, in which coal is in• :luded, we are faced with a wagon shortage. We are assured tho.t this situntion will be ad~ justed in the next few dt....ys. ·

27. Spot chocks ha.vo been m.ude on various consumers nnd us a · result reo,:>mrnendations hn.ve been mo.de to reduce some of the nllooo­tions.'

Ports.

28. Diversion of sh;i.pping from Trieste hns greatly inorensed activity in the Port of Venice. Our resources were strained by the sudden and, to n certain ext.3nt, unoxpecte<.l, D.ITivnl of 80 .,ooo tons of cargo in two weeks but the jab wo.s cocyletec1 with little loss · of tiioo.

29~ · On 3 July s.s. "FitzhlJ&l Lee" carrying 8,000 tons of grll.lll to Venice struclc n. amo.1.1 floo..tinc mine about 30 mil.es o.wcy but wn.s o.ble to mn.ke port. Drunn.gc to cnrgo by fuel oil ond sen. wo.ter amounted to nbout 700 tons., of which 500 tons were suito.1:1: for industrinl purposes and 200 . tons were n. deo.d loss.

CM 6588

. . ·...:. . .. . , .

.. , ... "·· • Protooti\'O Servicoa. · ... , ......... - .... ---......... ..., ......... ,~ ·· . .,. ~ j· · ...... L1..··r. ·.: .. , .. . : '!E'· .J11'°~ ··;~•:. ~-· :1 ·.!. ' ..

,O. The inoro·o.ae in port n'dii:t~ity. in '\T~Af.ce "hri.s created n oori:-e~~ .. .. : .. pond.ine inorense in tbJ wor~ of th.ts . -b~.ob.., ..... , . ·· ..

-- ;~-~ ·-. ~ ··.:i •. -.. ~ •·,· :. . ·. ' , .. .··. . ' : , .. ·: , . .. .

.31..i ... :: Potty.'.pilfori_ne .is nl.wcya a,i fficu1.t to' control but when shipd crew·~ ateye~s; 'Itll.litm ·police · r .. nd oe:::1..- B-Li:,r!:1,lJ. y , it is ru.J.eged,. Al1-icd tlili to.ry,,:irolioe •-ll.rO in QOllo.b or o,t l.01 .. t h~J probl et:i booorxa t>.,Jriost · in~re:ble~ · , .··.::-:~ . .: ··:;_ ·

· .f• :~ .... ":i:. ·,•• ,.i_ • ·• ,;-::J~x.,;_· .--: _ -:.:-:..::.r:. 011:.!" •,;: . ,... •. ,.. , . • . ... , 1 ...... , . . . . ' ~ , ' . . J:~-;.., .

,32. An-ests h o.ve been mt.ide .nncl. 'f:1V8 stiga.tione ore '. still prooeeaitlg .. ··'.: ·. in · record to 4,000 Ki).os .of . stolon sw:i:•:i:- whi,~h wo.s -~ ·ocy.orod n.~: .. · :<:: ,~.:.L;: T~o,·: .. -, ~ · Rf.F pol:l.oo ,i101"0 : t'k71.,.-:,c'. 0 -rr:: by o:a n .. .,_1i~1 ;;r;forrre·r ,::;-.,;::~~ .. and ,they ·r.-.oted quickly in :rooove1•ir.1.g , ·h,)~ cnc.<lti wr.:1.(,1:,. ere vol .. -ie d n·f . a. little over Lit. three nnd o. holf millh,n on .- _t.bo 'b~1o9.}.< -~-¥8t .. , r~

. :·;

... , ~- '·. ••✓ :

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··.~ :, ;· .. , ..... ~!.L t.i'1' -

. ' . • .. r··;- ···. : ; .: .· ... · .· ,:) ... '·

Appendix A. Cost ot Living Fomily '<,t ~ : .:. J'unl.19~~;-~~ ~938 ·:· ;enioe tist of Selected Prices ~? ~;tl~r ::i~Vep._ioe. - · ~· · ..... ~ ·: J:·.. • .. :.' · ·Unemplayment _- Fi.gures - Rei49.~ :~ ... }l June 194-6. =-r •·f:_- •i.~.::

II B ... .. ·. II

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.-'·

'

·' • ·~ T. . .

' APPENDIX "A"

ESTIMATE OF COST OF LIVING WHICH COULD BE mcURRED BY A FAMILY OF 5

IF THEY HAD THE MEANS - JWE 1946 V .1938 -

VENlCE (1938 .. 100)

I Fuel & OOnerhl MCNTHS •Food , Clothhgt Rent , lighting , expenses

1

Year 1938 (monthly ' average expenditure)' 100 1 100 1 100 1 100 I 100

I

January 1946 t 3483 1 33861 102 I 970 ' 2234

February ti I 3184 1 3155 1 143• 908 ' 1957

' March II 3394·1 2904 1 143 1 951 ' ' ' 2240 t

April II r 3742• 2916• 143 1 934 ' 2241 ,. May II I 3220• 2971 t 143 1 920 ' 2177

June " t 3243' 2823 1 !', 143' 925 I 2294 t

t

These a·re provincial figures of the Centra1 Statistical Institute, Rome.

The official index baaia en intake of 1.700 calories per head per day for food for the Venice Region are as follows;

1946

January 3;656 Febr~ry 3;446 March 3,477

1946

April May June

3,842 3,335 3,404

No central official indiee1 have been published for clothing, rent, fuel and lighting etc.

01: 6605

'

• APPENDIX "B"

Wl:TIILY REPORT JULY lC,46

LIST OF SELECTED PRICES .. 25 JULY .. VF.NICE •

Foodetuf!' Lece,l Price Price Free Markot Ci G11rettes quoted

July Juno ' J\lly ' June

1. Broad 24.--' 25,-•' 129.40 ' * 2; Paste. -· ' 2a ..... , 121,65 t * 3; Rice ' 35.50' 35,501 121.G5 ' * 4, Wheat Flout" t -- --- u3,35 ' * s. Knize Flour 16.--' 13.50' 12.so , * 6, Dry Vegetables: t

Beans ..... .... 139,-- 139,-• Peos -- ' -- 90.-- 90,--

7. Potatoes -- ' .... I 2~~, 70 t * o. Sugai- f H-1,50t 160.--, 715.-- ' 750.--9, Jam f -- -- 260.-- t 206.--10. ?fine ... .. .. ' 71,35 t * 11, Olive oil t -- 250, ..... , 506,65 t • 12. Dutter ' -- -- t 585,-- t * 13. Lard .... i:rn, .... , 425,-- * 1,1. Salt 25,-•t 2•'") .... , 17.15 20.--15, Stgok•fi:!h .... -- 466,65 I it

16, Sonp - -- 375,-- ' * 17, Peare -- 1 -- -- 35,--18. Tonn toes I 39,75 10.--19, Cnions t .... 9,35 ' 9,35 20. Peethe1 ' ... ... ' 35,:J 5 ' 40.--21. Meat t t t

Beet ~Denae) -- ... 273,35 ' * Pork Bones) ·- ..... ' 365,-- t *

22 • Fish t t

Eol ..... ... I 273. 75 * Uullet -· t ... 257.15 * Sardine -- I .... 200 .... ' * cuttle•fish '"' .. ,._ i10 .... ' * Cb' ..... . .. 138,35 * scom~.lri .... l - 145.-- *

23; Milk -- ... t 34.--- 34.--24~ E,;•~s -- --

I 16.10 * 25, Cir,arettes 1 ' 10 Ital Ne.zicne.li f 30 , ... t 30 .... , 4-:)/45 ' 45,---20 Ital Serre.glio ' 150,-, 150.--• 1su.-- I 1so ..... 2 0 All.M'S.Gan .... - 200.1F20 1 200/?20 20 F.nglish ..... ... l.80/200t 180/200

26. Coffee beans r t toasted - I -- 1000/uoe 1000, ....

27, Coffoe beans raw I ... ..... 800,- I aoo, .... l

l 1

t , ' (*) Prioee not yet roeei vad by this otfioe,

OM 1ew5

APPEND IX "cu UNEMPLOYMfflT FIOORES REGICNAL - 30 JUNE 1946

(Limited to persons inscriEed in the Provincial Employment office) (and therefore not reJresentntive of total memployment)

t Provinces Agriculture 1 ])ldustry 1 Commerce t Vnria Total Amount t

t MF 1 F ' :MF F ' MF t F MF F I JUNE MAY 1

,-----,1i-----=-""'""IIJ2r----r,--3,.....-,,--4,.------,:---"""s------s ...... - ..... --.1 .. _--,-__;;;;;a..----,__-... g--,-.;.;1.:;;.o.;;..--.....:;;1;;1;.:..-,---------., ----..------.-----,----_-,r-------;..;....--r---~---,---.,:_----.;;:.:.---_:=---., t 1. BELLUNO

• 2. BOLUNO

--t 3,. PADOVA

' t 4. ROVIGO

' t 5. TRENTO t

t f$.

' TREVISO

, 1. UDINE I

1 8. ViNEZIA

1 9. VERONA

' '10. VICfflZA

'

t

t 741 80 l 11799 I

t t 315 t 801

24 I . 2 t 1357 I 16 f 857 t t f l t

t 4440 l }127 I 17925 I 2939 t 1781

'

f

r

863 f

t 237 I 6773 I

t

869 t 4$5 • ., t

t 1167 · t

• 1650

1726

958

I 1270

t 2729

'

I

l

106

70

125

192

r 696 t ·

• 6595 I 104,7

' l 25466' I 4685 t .. I 45951 I 1682 t • t 19678 I 2663

• ' 12634 • 3078

t

' 27586 1 7999 t

I 1425 f

t

C

2175

l 3376

' I 2052

I 1265

' 2040 t

I

t

f

t

'

t

' t

398

532

399

74

680

225

300

699

222

f

t t

t

t

f

•

724 •

877 ,

1851 ,

1766 ,

4601 I

1519 t

I 2991 f

' 4733

2365 I

t

4344 t 1

259 t 14065 t 14344 t

t ' t

453 t ~15 • 2795 t I t

541 1 25997 , 24894 t

277 • 9837 t 14305 t

52~ t 13788 I 12130 t

348 f

t 30790 t t

978 t 64044 t

30245 t

55477 ,

· .1878 r 27421 t 25582 , i

l09l • 17534 1'7603 , t

1518 1 36599 t 36566 I

t

1----...... --------.-------------------....-----,-------.-----r----------' ' t REGICNAL TOTAL 1 15548 r t

r t

t 2677 t 175764 t 25353 1 r t

C 1

• 16207 t 3921 t

t t

I 257n 7872 233290 t 253941 t I t _: t 1

· .

•

rorr=:QRT mr.rr - ITALI.".l! 1.CTSSION H~ a ~~RU: S-50 l.1:onth JuJ.y 1946

Issues Code Conmodity Group Acquisitions It.Govt. Field 0::_)erations

1 3

01£' Crains,CereaJ.s 8: Preparations 200,34-6 2oo;n2 234 020 _.\.nima]. Feeds 4,500 030 Ueats c.: !:leat :Proc.ucts 972

4,500 961 ll

040 Fish, Shellfish &: Products 8~022 050 ~s & Dairy Products 1,209 o6o Vegetables Prui ts 2;951 070 Su: ;o.r {; Products 25,413 08C., Soap, Oils & PQtS 12,860 090 1 fiscellaneous Foods, 354-

a,ooo 22 1,168 u 2,933 18

25~3f57 26 12~846 14

354 no ~inis~-ied Garments 5 5 160 Ilru3ic Leather Haterials 116 116 170 :-::i.des 189 189 180 U:::1rrnnui'actured Fibres 3,990 3,990 200 l.iedical Supplies t; Eq_ui,pmc.nt 399 399 11-50 Hotor Vehicles 24 2lt-610 Seeds &. Plants 270 270 620 Fertilizers 3,152 3,152 6.30 FestilJ'.i.des ~ Chemicals 102 660 ~70 .Agricultural l!..£1.Chinery 341

102 341

740 Ruboer Products 49 ']'jO l.tisc. End Products 78 aw Solid Fuels 473,486

49 78

473,486 910 Crude Products 15,005 920 ":iood & Paper Materials 151 930 Clhemicals 2~} 940 T.:ron& Alloys 2#189

15,005 .· 151

2,li-1+3 2,1.89

990 lfisc. Raw Ma.terial.s 2,203 2,203 ll'.

760,819 760~453 366 0\ I.('\ ¼)

=---""'======= -----::1--------- ========= 0

I-I - ~

UNRRA

'. -Country, Ib.ly Month covered by report, July 1946

A. Distribution of ,sunplies.

Note: In o.ccorda.nce with inn truotion.s from Washington, Form S-50 (Attachment u ... 9) has been substituted for Section A, Item 1 1 2 an:1 3 of form ~,~.s.R. - lt

4. a. Supplies received from UNRRA by outright transfer o.nd dis­tributed by the Government:

1. Total turned over by the Government for further distribution (sum of items o.-e) · (a) To pr:i.vate distributive trade charuiels: Nil (b) To industrinl users :including government enterprise

for furtl1er processinc: lTil ( ol Tt non-;:>rofit volm,tary agencies (list) Nil ( d To coo:perdivca distributfons: Nil ( e To Governmental c1.:'..st:::-i~,,1tion agencies (li st)

Ist:ttuto C<t..:.:.,ercio Jfa-Lero,

Co1!1ll.odity Cl.ass Long T~

0 1.249,912

l 49,901

2 4,110

3 57

h 275

5 150

6 39,019

7 368

8 l,975t4-16

9 3~,322.,_

3 ,35:f.;603 =:-;========-=

2. Stocks on hand in Government's control not yet relcaoed to above agencies for distribution: Nil

.I • •

3. Total received (sum of items 1 aro. 2); 3,351,603 Long Tons,

~.. Equip:nent ( not inclui!.ecl in Ito~ 4. o.) leased by Governroont f::-om UNR:J.A.1 total to date: Ii"il.

' . Qi{ 6615

-2- Att. H-9

4.o.(1) Supplies distributed by ~vernment to 31 May f:Jr which proceeds were received This figure included sales of 143,313 t:ms :Jf P. O.L. during February and March, :, ~46 Further l'. O.Ir. sales have yet to be established.

(2) Approxime~e balance of suppliee excludi..l"lg P.O. Ti , handed over t::, Italian Govn:;: 0:;10.nt b 31 May, 1946 for which n ,J 1,r:Jccc,-"s have be en recei.ved Some -::,f t h-:-,1.;o f: a p:)li1:; s '.1avo already been c1istr.i.1:Jute; cl c.a~l i.t i 1:, tm:~lci-

. pated that pr:i0"; 0cls fa1 1.·as.r-t.:c;, .;f all will be received in due Cjurse.

1,871,451 metric tons

395,232 metric tjns

(3) Proceeds received by Italian Govern-_ment in -respect of sales under 4.c.( 1) 10,379,'2°4.3,·892 Liro

.B.ID¥; OF :ffiOOEEDS FRS)M UNRRA SUPPLIES ( TOTI.L' TO Dl,TE)

1. Proceeds -::,f Sale of'Sµpplics under A.4.c(1) P.O.L. (150,000,000 Lire per m:mth 1 .April to 31 July, 1946 on account -::,f Sales until actual determination) Coal ( on e.cc::,unt· of ::;ales JUne 1946)

Less: Retained byFederazione Consorzi on acoomt -::,f distribution costs to be determined 1,668,527,617 Customs duties on P.O.L. Fobruary ancl March reim-bursable to Lire Fund 631,155,220 Retained by C.I.P. on account of distributi:Jn costs for P.O.L. during February Md March, 194-6 yet to be determined . ... · 1,214,068,693 Distribution costs of ae~d potatoes ·119,590,600 Quota for equalising unified prices of imported seed · potatoes 111,672,815

Bnlance paid in to Special Proooeds of Sale Account

2. 1'm.ounts expended out of Proceecls under B.1 above · UNRRA Administrative Expenses Balcnce remaining for appropriation Recommended ruid approved appropriations not yet pa.id over ·586;850,000 Rec::munended appropriations awaiting approvnl of Joint Presidents expected by August 10, 1946. 1,067,066 8000

CM 6615

10,379,243,892 Lir~

60Q ,000 ,000 II

,, 909 ,.65l5 z 525 " 11 ~888,939>417 "

3 • Z¼, 014-, 245 II

# , ·, I

8,114,924,472 "

1 I 500 I 000 I OOQ "

6' 6bb-, 921tr 472 "

1,635,916,000 It ,'

-;- J..tt. H-9

C. REGISTRbTIOH_. .REl' .. ,TRI.ATION J.J{D C.d<E OF DISPLACED ~OE§_

I toms 0-1 thl":>us h C-.5 t.ro c"Jve :cod in i, t tachment H-G-cl( iv), e.nd t'.re thercfJre :)ltlitte,l fr:>m .Atte.chment H-9, in acc.)rdrnco with L:mdm's Ce.ble No. 1186 •

. ~: Statistics in Ito:!ls C-6 throueh C-11 are for the period 16 June to 20 July1 1946, inclus ivo, encl C')Yer ell t en cn:ips'in which medical c,..xe was en UNRRA rea-lnnsib:i.lity dm"inE; the ;_:iei·i.od (Bar·i N.).1 Trimsit eamp, Cine Cit ta Camp, end tbe I,ecc-:1 m,.cJ I'1:l.lru1 CP.Jn_p Gr,ups). ·

6. To.tel ni.1r:1ber :Jf pc,tiont r'J.ny.3 in 1.JNLCJ,­:>~ra ted D.Y3 pi.t als:

Total number of clinic visits . to Ul'ffiRJ.·­o_perRted clinicG:

7,208

12,024

8. Number of llNH.Rl,-oporo.ted ce;nps .)r :,ther UNRRJ.-Jperated institutions in which ~er•d.c8s rcp:J:.:·teJ in Items C-6 and C-7 were provided during the perio<l : 2·'. (10 camp clinics , 9 cemp hospitals end 2 central hospitals).

9. Number serving these h"Jspital::, anc.1 clinics at cnc1 of period under review: 1,. D:Jct0rs: 2L1-, B. N u:r:-se s: 49

10. Total numbe :.." ::,f irrELu·1izations uncle r UNRRJ. directbn during the periocl; :-:, , ) • 1Cij~Vi

11.. Total number of child health exruninations under UNRIU~ direction during the _pe:dod: 841

1. ~lp.sa±;t'ica t j_ m of' em})L:,yee.s on pn;i-r-oll a.t end :Jf montt:. by service:

a. Displaced ~orsons b. Health c. Welfare a. J.gric11ltural Rehabilitation e. Inc1ust:cial 7/ohs.bilitc...tio:.1 f. Requirer;:;e!!-::r-: & GL'tkJ'?l:r (excludine Divs. of

Inl!:,:>.J 'l:1::?J?t.., :Cfoj1Jst . Rt,'b.13b . & J.r..;~•Rehab,) g. In.lw.--1 l'r,.u.s-L~_,-r·t (Btu· • .::,-f J.•• & D.) b. Camp::.~ C i:r!1,.·c:.ti :""'ns . i. Finance & LC: r.1.Histre.t ion ( except Divs. of

Pers .:m~eJ. &. Vehi"lu C;Jntr:-il & 111:dntemmce) j. Personnel k. Vehicle eantr:Jl .?n 111faintenance l. Office of Chic·; o:t' Mj_ss ion ( excluding

Inf::lrmP- tic·,1 Di visi')n) m. Inf ..)rL1at·i_0!1. Divisi:m n. Regional Bto.i'f

TOT.AL:

CM 661!5

CLASS G I

-56 10 12 16 .34

88 5

94

85 10 15

19 11

112

crJ.s.s II

255 28

9 23 79

130 8

1+78

469 38

813

113 11

880

.3,334

CLiif.;lS . "J III( V:>l.Ag.)

'51

6

54

111

- .

-4'- .Att. H•9

D. 2. NatiJna.lities of Class I ..:.m2loyees as of Julx 31 1 1946.

li.t:1erican 206 .Aust:L~aJ. ian 3 British 282 Cim a,1ian 13 Dr,nis h 3 EBYPtian 1 F:..~cnch 2 Greek 1 Icel o.nd 1 I ndi an .3 Hc.itian 1 I 1·N1ian 1 New :::;caland 3 P.al es t:i.nilln 8 -Polis h 2 Russian 3 El Sa lvarl:>re 1 Sout h J., frican 27 Sti::te l css 3 Swiss 2 Y u.p,::>-Slav 1

Total 567 -

D.3. Employroent of_PersJnnel as of 31 July, 194-6 by Sex

Sex

l!ale

Female

. ' .

D. 4• EmployL-,ont

Gr84e 1 II 2 II 3 II 4 II 5

CM 6615

of Class

- 1

- 1 - 1 - 58 - 45

CLASS I

369

198

567

I Personnel.

Crac1e 6 II 7 " 8 u 9 " 10

-----

CUSS II

2,481

853

3,334

as of 31

52 74 83 86 71

CLl,SS I I I

74

37

111

July, j94.6

Grade 11 II 12 II . 1} " 14 II 15

by Grado

- 4B :32 - 10

- 4 - 1

.~. '

- ...

# •

Attachment H-10-(a)

., ~ Vol. I, No. 25

UN RR A

~ . ECON O-M IC. NOTES

- Published by The Public Information Division, UNRRA Italy Mission, Via di San Nicolo da Tolentino, 78, Rome -

CONTENTS

1. New Harvest Amassing Goes Well 3. Coal Outlook for July 2. Industrial Rehabilitation 4. Movements of Ships

NEW . HARVEST .AMASSING .. GOES WELL

Latest reports indicate that the amassing campaign for the new harvest is going even better than ·was expected. · A massing reported up to 30 June totalled 34.5,000 tons. This is a record figure, and compares with the l88,000 tons amassed i11 1942 (which is- con­.sidered to have been a particularly good year for amassing) and i39,000 tons in 1943, wbei:i a special effort was made to secure early deliveries to the amassing pools,

The highest percentages have so · far been reported from northern and central Italy ... Figures for southern Italy and the islands are somewhat disappointing up to now.

Effect of Increased Prices

· The Italian authorities; both government and local, appear to have laid their 'plans well, and co-operation from the farmers is D;nder­stood to be more readily forthcoming than in previous years. The results so far achieved show the effects of the increased price which is being paid to farmers this year, and of the prernium for early deliveries. Calculated on a sliding scale, according to the date of delivery, this premium began at a maximum of 600 lire per quintal for delivery up to 10 June, and has now p-rogressively f~llen to 300 lire per quintal. After 10 July it ceases altogether. It r~mains to be seen whether amassing will continue at th present satisfactory rate once the premium ceases.

Representatives of the Ministry of Agri­culture, Food Cornmissariat, Consor~i ~-\grari,

Agricultural Inspectors, distributing authori­ties and UNRRA, held two meetings in the course of last n1onth, the first in Bologna, the second in Milan, in the c0urse' of which the Director-General in charge of amassing (Minis­try of ~.\griculture) outlined the new amassing policy and stressed the need for the utmost despatch in. all operations connected with this year's program.

Last year's procedure of checking farmers in alphabetical order h;is been discarded. This year, direct - determination of 'yield will be made on a zonal basis, zones being classified according to the type of soil, rainfall and similar factors, and not necessarily on . the basis _of property boundaries. Large and medium-sized farms will then be inspected and assessed first, after which it will be the turn of the small~r ones. This, it is hoped, will _ effectively speed up procedure, since 55 per cent. of the wheat delivered to the amassi is brought in by five per cent. of the farmers nraking deliveries.

Speedier mechanism . The Government bas provided 150 jeeps for

the ainassing campaign, and has authorized proviiici::i.l authorities to hire other cars if the jeeps are nof sufficient. Spot checks at thresh-

. ing machines will be made instead of hav­ing checkers stationed continually beside· the machines. The Director-General in charge of amassing has absolute telephone priority every evening for cornmunicating ,vith the provinces. This will ensure immediate action where pr~ceedings are u;.satisfactory ; and in itself

2 ECONOMIC NOTES July

constitutes a marked improvement over other years, when the exchange of correspondence on amassing matters often precluded the pos­sibility of action until any chance of remedy had been lost.

The penalty for evasion is a fine 20 times the price of the wheat illegally withheld from the amassi. Those [l·uilt~· of evasion ma~' also he imprisoned. No interference in the opera­tion will be tolerated, nor will the Govern­ment allow an~' unofficial supplementar~· amassing over and aboYc that prescribed hr the law--such as occurred last year when eertain mayors ordered quantities of wheat to be set aside for the use of their respective political parties.

..

INDUSTRIAL REHABILITATION

Total expenditure planned by the l TNRRA Italy Mission 0'1 industrial rehabilitation this year will exceed 127,000,000 dollars (£31,750,000 sterling) e ·elusive of freight. Next to food; industrial imports constitute tl1c largest category of aid to Italy and represent 30 per cent. of the whole r TRRA Italy budget for 1946.

As proposed by PNRRA Headquarters in "r ashington, for approval by the Central Committee of FNRRA, the total industrial procurement will he as follows :-

Industrial fuels . Pig-iron, steel and other hasie

metals . Rubber and materials for rubber

processmg . Industrial chemicals and resins . Asphalt Lumber Fire-clays, fire-bricks and as­

bestos Vehicles, parts and miscellaneous

industrial materials and se.rv-1ce

Total

Dollars 76,500,000

20,600,000

12,-WO,OOO .5,400,000 2,700 ,000 2,.500,000

] , 700,000

. 5,700.000

127,500,000

UNRRA's industrial import program is designed to provide raw materials rather than finished products, and thereby start a chain reaction of essential industrial activity. This will not onl~· provide goods and jobs-about one-third of the working population is nor-

rnall) e111ployed in industr~·-but will also help to restore Italy's war shattered economy.

Even if UNRRA i<; able to secure all the industrial rehabilitation supplies as well as the food and other imports included in its ~25,000 ,000 dollar (£10fi,2.50,000 sterling) progTam for Italy, additional imports rnlucd at upwards of :3:50,000,000 dollars (plus freight c.·penditure) would stilJ he ncC'essary this ~·ear to restore a satisfactory funetioning of the na-

. tional eeonomy. The onl~ sources of foreign exchange upon which Italy can definitely rel~· in 1 !) .l,(i will provide cxehange resources of un­der 200,000,000 dollars (£50,000,000 sterling), subs_tantiall~, less th:.m the eounb·y's total needs. Hence PNRRA has found it neeessar~' to eonecntrate on absolute essentials .

For most of the industrial commodities l TNRIL\ plans to import, there is a world shortage and in man. ' eases other war-ravaged C'Ountries assisted by l'NRRA have an equally w·gent need. Some vi.tall) J}eeded items sueh as cellulose. may have to he eliminated from the Italian program.

t p to 1 June, the l 1:N1lRA Italy Mission imported 1,370,000 lonQ" tons of coal valued at 10,500,000 doHars (£2,(i2.5,000 sterling). .\n import prograrh ol' H00,000 tons a month for the rest of the vear will bring the total cost for Hl-1-6 to 40,77.5,000 dollar~ (£10, 1H3,7.30 · sterling), ex.elusive of freight charges. By 1 June, liquid fuels and fuel oil, to the , aluc of 15,000,000 dollars (£3,7.50,000 sterling) had been imported. For the whole ~·car, r ~RRA 's import progTan1 will amount to more than 35,000,000 dollars (£8, 7.50,000 sterling·), exclusiYe of freight charges.

More economic sources

.At present, l TNR RA is encouraging in­dustrial plants to com ert to fuel oil where,·er possible, to lcs<;en somewhat the country\ dependenee on eoal. P TRRA is also further­in_~ Itab· · s effort to return to more economic sources of coal, such a<; Poland and the· Ruhr .

Now that the diffieulties which arose in the first half of the year have been oYcrcornc, shipments of pi_g-iron, tin, eopper and rubber on CNRRA account, are beginning to reach ltaly, and a constantly inct·easing flow of key materials is expected hrough the rest of the year. A sum of almost 21,000,000 dollars (£5,2.50,000 sterling) has been allocated for p1g-lfon, steel, copper, tin, nickel, manganese

,,

•

ECONOMIC NOTES 3

and allo>· ing clements. Contracts for 39,000 tons of pig-iron for Italy haYe already been placed in Australia, leaving about 100,000 ton. to be procured elsewhere.

In the case of steel, PNRRA · is making a departure from its principle of proYiding raw materials rather than finished produC'ts, hceausc of the urgent need of steel for transport industrie. . O,er 7,000,000 dollars (£1,750,000 sterling) have been budgeted for finished and semi-finished steel, intended for the construction of new coastwise vessels, the repair of ships in Italy's almost obliterated merchant marine, and the aeeeleration of rail ­way and port reconstruction. Part of the serni-finished steel will be utili7.ed by the machine-tool and food proe ssing industries.

Steel - Copper - Rubber

Man1.ranese ore for ,tcel making has been proeured in South Afriea, dcliver~es of whieh arc sehcduled for Lhis month. Nickel for special steels should also· be available from the same source this smnmer. For imports of tin ingots and tin-plate ~,200,000 dollars (£.,i50,000 sterling) have Leen allocated in the Italy ~lission budget. .A ]ready 900 tons of l T .i. TH,R ., \ tin have reaehe<l Italy from Great

' Britain and the TTnitcd States. No difficult>' is~ anticipated in securing the · balance of the tin proC'urernent program.

To help in restoring clcl tric power anq the cl<;ctric raihrnr system, es~cntial to Italian economy, PNRRA plan · to spend 3,000,000 dollars (£7/50,000 sterling') on electrolytic wir<~­bar copper. Some 2,000 tons haYe already been procured in Chile f r early summer ship­ment. Fire-refined eopper, also in the pro­gram, has been shipped from South Africa.

To relieve the serious shortage of auto­mobile tvres and tubes, I l ,600,000 dollars (£2,900,000 sterling) have been allocated by TTNRR. \ for the purchase ()f 20,000 tons of rubber; and, in addition, more than 700,000 dollars (£17;j,000 sterling) for carbon black, pine-tars , resim and ehcmicals required for the rubber industry. Th(: fir<;t small shipments of rubber reached Ital>· during May. Synthetic rubber is in ver~r short suppl>· and the hulk of the shipments wili be natural crude rubber.

,vhilc the Italian Government is explor­irn{ the possibility of re-establishing Italy' normal sources of timber supply (Austria and Yugo'ilavia), rNHRA proposes to spend 2,:rno,000 dollars (£625,000 sterling) upon

imports of lumber', most of , ·hieh, it is hoped, will he available in Central Anwriea.

Coal-tar ehemieal'i, d~·e-stuffs, industrial waxes, alcohol, ~mpcntinc, glyeerine and other ehcrnicals to the rnlu e of .5,+00.000 dollars (£1,3,,W,000 sterling) are also ineluded in the l rNRIL\ program. Herc again, worl<l short­age of many items ma~· affcC't aetual procure-

• ment. The m~tallurgical and rhcmieal in­dmtrics will also he aided by P IRR.A imports of firc-ela~·, firc-hrieh for the prodnC"tion of refractory material and asbestos . for electrical in'inlation, totalling alrno'it 2,000,000 dollars (£500 ,000 sterling) in all.

Italy's eonstruetion program for destroyed and damaged homes and faetoric'i will he facilitated b>' T rxn R \ irnp01'ts, ehiefly fuels, for the rerncnt. lime, hriek, tile and glass in­dustries. Supplies will also include iron, asbestos and asphalt, in addition to what has been allocated to the basie indu'itries and later Lramforrned into huil<ling materials.

Some T'NRRA impOl'ts primarilv intended for relief will also help to stimulate industrial recovery. Textile and leather imports arc estimated at .55,000,000 dollars (£13 ,7.50,000 'iterlinQ·). The~· include raw cotton, raw wool, wool rags, hides, eompc'>sition soling and tanning· extracts.

Foreign trade

\\Therercr possible, P TRR.\ also plans to ·haYc goods manufactured in Italr for other countries receiving assistance. Italian fin11s will manufacture cotton yarn and fabrics for export to tile lTNRRA Mission in Albania and fish-net twine for e. ·port to the l NRRA 'Mis­sions in Yugosla,ia, Greece and China (see Rco11omi .... Notes Io. 21 of 7 June).

Purchases of basic industrial materials direct hy the Italian Government are being carefully co-ordinated with T rNRRA irnp01:ts. Further­more, .since Italy's economic reco,ery rests on increased foreign trade, 1 rNRRA is ful- . I~· supporting the Italian GoYernrnent in the

· ncg·otiation of trade and barter agreements with other countries. Italv has already ar­ranged to import iron, stce{ phosphate~rock, lumber, cellulose and other produets from Spain, France, Austria, Sweden, Belgium and Denmark, in exchang·e for sulphur, hemp, salt and agricultural and manufactured products. Negotiations are in prog-rcss for trade agree­ments with Poland, Switzerland and T orway.

•

' 4 ECONOMIC NOTES July .946

COAL OUTLOOK FOR JULX

Increa!.ed coal allocations• to Italy from the Ruhr and the expected resumption of regular coal arrivals from the F nited States have enabled the Italian Government-UNRRA Emergency Coal Committee to allocate -1-75,000 tons for essential industrial purposes during .July, an increase of .50,000 tons over the June allotment. During July the use of household gas is hei1ig extended from one­and-a-half hours to two-and-a-half hours dai­ly, as a result of a larger aillocation of coal to the gasworks. <

Approximately -t.00,000 tons of coal arc scheduled to reach Italy in July. Coal resenes in Italy, ~tockpiled during the coal crisis, amounted to about 350,000 tons at the end of June ; and it i~ from these reserves that the additional 50,000 tons will be allocated to industry.

~ \ t the .Tune rneetin,g of the European Coal Or,g·ani1,ation in London, Italy was allotted 191,000 tons from Ruhr production for .July, the \argest allocation to Italy from this source since ECO began to function. This includes 2,000 tons of high-grade anthracite for elec­trodes, procured despite a continued severe scarcity of this vital coal. Other July alloca­tions to Italy fixed at the ECO meeting were 171,000 tons from the Pnited States, 18,000 tons from South Africa, and 10,000 tons from the United Kingdom.

The. Italian Government-lTNRRA Emer­gency Coal Committee will continue to func­tion for the present and will make all coal al­locations to Italian industry. It is considered

•

that the committee, created to meet the crisis which resulted from the coal strike in the Vnited States, has built up a valuable body of experience which will continue to be of serv­ice to industrial reconstruction during the com­ing months, as UNRRA shipments of indus­trial materials increase.

Meanwhile, the Italian Government is en­couraging industrial firms to procure coal from

, other than {TNRRA sources, to improve further the general coal situation and re-estab­lish normal coal procurement

Domestic production

Coal allocations to steel eo~11panies by the Emergency Coal Committee are being re­viewed with the object of achieving the high­est possible production of steel. The recent t rNRRA arriv&ls of 2,000 tons of special anthracite from the Ruhr have made it pos­sible to operate once again heavy electric pig-iron and steel furnaces which were forced to shut down during April. A consignment of 1,000 tons · lef1t the Ruhr. on 18 June. completing the 3,000 ton allotment for April, May and June.

Sardinian coal prnduction fell slightly below the target of 90,000 tons cl.iring May and was substantiaU~, short of the goal in June, as a result of the diversion of man power to the harvest and the anti-locust "campaign. It is expected that there will continue to be some difficulty in meeting this target during the summer months, but efforts are being made to m.aintain domestic production.

f'

T'

July 12. 194.6

~ • Attachmen'i<>lt-~cf-lfo )26

UN RR A

~

EC·O NO MIC NOTES - Published by The Public Information Division, UNRRA Italy Mission, Via di San Nicolo da Tolentino, 78, Rome -

CONTENTS

1. Lire fund Aids Reconstruction 2. UNRRA Imports in June I 3. Bogus UNRRA Agents

4. Movements of Ships

LIRA FUND AIDS RECONSTRUCTION

Italian relief and rehabilitation- to which UNRRA has, during 194.5 and 194<>, al­located. approximately 42!> million dollars (£10G,250,000 sterling), exclusive of shipping charges- will eventually benefit by a ' further sum, roughly calculated now at 60,000 mil­lion lire, representin~ the net proceeds- -after deducting all expenses-of the sale of UNRRA supplie , delivered free of charge to the Ital­ian Government.

The first agreement between l NRRA and the Italian Government, signed in March 1945, provided for the supply by lTNRRA, free of charge, of relief goods and services to the vahie of 50 million dollar (£12,500,000 sterling). Under the financial provisions of this agree­ment, the Government undertook to allocate a sum in lire matching the lTNRRA ex­penditure in foreign currency, at the rate of exchange ruling when the expenditure was incurred. This, at the then existing rate of 100 lire to the dollar, came to 5,000 million lire.

Proceeds of Sale Account

This year The Lira Fund includes the Proceeds of Sale Account, established under the Supplementarr Agreernent, signed by the Italian Government and lJNRRA in J anu­ary 1946, which inaugurated a greatly extended program of relief and rehabilitation, to meet the most urgent economic needs of Italy. \Vhile the original 50 million dollar program

of 1945 wa~ limited to the provision of certain relief supplies and services, this year's program,. which is estimated to cost 391 million dollar (£97,750,000 sterling), exclusive of shipping charges, envisages the supply- free of charge

, to the Italian Government-of food and basic raw materials for the rehabilitation of industry and agriculture, in addition to the relief pro­gram already existing. These goods are sold through controlled marketing channels, and the net proceeds credited to The Lira Fund.

The funds thus provided are intended to be u ·ed primarily for financing relief and re­habilitation projects in Italy. One minor charge is the administrative expenses incur­red by UNRRA in Italy, in Italian currency.

The Agreement signed in 10-t,6 specifies "net proceeds" as "the proceeds realised, less any expenditure incurred by the Government in transportation, warehousing and distribu­bution, and less any fiscal charges collected by the Government in accordance with current legislation on the sale of supplies.''

The machinery set up by the Italian Gov­ermnent to implement the financial provisions of this agreement is as follows:- About 25 Government or quasi-Government agencies are charged with the collection of the proceeds of sale from the various commodities imported. These agencies in turn are accountable to the Istituto N azionale per il Commercio E tero (I.C.E.). The latter, after the deduction of distribution costs agreed with UNRRA, then pays the money into the Treasury account with the Bank of Italy, and funds are made avail­able out of this account.

•

2 ECONOMIC NOTES July 12, 1946

Payment into, and frorn, The Lira Fund are investigated by The Lira Fund Control Committee ( consisting of members of the Italian Treasury, the Italian Government Delegation for Relation. with UNRRA, ICE and the UNRRA Italy Mission) who then make recommendations to the President of the Italian Delegation and the Chief of the UNRRA Italy Mission. Upon the invitation of the Committee, other representatives of the Government, or of the UNRRA Italy· Mis­s10n, may be asked to attend Committee meetings.

Work of the Committee

The Committee receives monthly reports from the Government on the quantities of supplies transferr·ed to them, the amount sold and the proceeds of these sales. It is required to ascertain distribution costs.

.i\11 requests for expenditure from the fund on relief and rehabilitation projects must first be reviewed by the Lira Fund Control Com­mittee, before final approval hy the Chief of the UNRRA Italy Mi .. sion and the President of the Italian Government Delegation. All proposals for expenditure from the Lira Fund must emanate either from the Italian Government or from UNRRA. ·

Allocations in respect of the following items indicate the uses to which the original sum of 5,000 million lire aceruing from the 1945 Agreement have been put up to date: -

,I

CASAS ( construction and repair of buildings in the war-,devastated ter­ritory of the Gothic and Gustav

Lire

lines) . . . . . . . . . . l,000,000,000

Sardinia malaria eradication project 300,000,000

Manufacture of towels , sheets, etc. for Italian hospitals, from UNRRA-im-ported raw cotton . . · . . . . . 457,667,508

Sorting and repair of UNRRA-imporle-d clothing :md footwear 112,000,000

Homing 500 bombed-out eapolitans who were living in caves; associated welfare and medical services . . 5,500,000

UNRRA Italy l\Iission program on be-half of non-Ita,Iian Displaced Persons in It.:ily and UNRRA Administration expenses . 750,000,000

Total . . . 2,625,667,508

Up to the 31 May 19t6, a net Sl- of near­ly 7,000 million lire had been' paid into The Lira Fund from the sale of UNRRA goods during the present year. The main payments to the fund were as follo'YS :-

Foodstulfs Agriculture Coal . . Petroleum pro<lucts

Lfre

9.50 ,000, Ooet

90,919,460 5,000 .000,000

600,000,000

The sums above are advance payment , pending the final determination of sales and distribution costs. These receipts by no means cover all the commodities imported during this period but only those major com­modities for which prices have been agreed by UNRRA and the Government, such as wheat, coal and potatoes. It is a condition of the Supplementary Agreement that UNRRA and the Government must agree the prices of all UNRRA imports.

Further Allocations Planned

Recommendations for the allocation of further large sums for welfare purposes, for the care of displaced persons, for public health projects and social services, are now under consideration.

The size of the fund is affected by the policy agreed upon by the Government and UNRRA that there shall be a single price policy govern­ing both goods imported by ( NRRA and those produced domestically. The broad pur­poses of this policy are to prevent confusion in distribution and, more important, to lower the cost of living and to assist Italy to adjust prices so that she can compete in the inter­national market. The application of this policy may mean that the price fixed for a commod­ity is much lower than the landed cost.

Control of Bread Prices

An example is wheat, which under prices prevailing until recently yielded to the Lim Fund less than half the landed cost. Thi. meant a severe lo. s to the funds available for rehabilitation, but 'it meant that the price of rationed bread could be kept low. This control of bread prices was, of course, a real help to the millions of ration card holders who were already spending perhaps three-quarters of their earnings on food.

July 12, 1946 ECONOMIC NOTES 3

Carer"" and timely use of this fund has en­abled UNRRA and the Government to assist in bridging the gap between the two price levels by selling the Italian produced goods

. · to the consumer at the lo\\·er price and by paying the Italian producer a moderate sub­sidy to cover his costs. These are measures taken to meet the present distorted price and cost of living situation on an emergency basis, pending the Government's adoption of plans for orderly reduction of the general price level.

UNRRA IMPORTS IN JUNE

UNRRA supplies arri~ing in Italy from all parts of the world <luring .June totalled 322,768 gro. s long tons exclusive of petroleum pro­ducts. This compares with the May import figure of 484,607 tons (excluding petroleum products).

Since the beginning of the year imports of T NRRA supplies (including petroleum pro­duct ) have reached a total of over 8,000,000 ton . During both May and June, imports were substantially below March and April

•levels, primarily as a result of the world-wide . hortage of bread-cereals and the interruption in coal shipments which resulted from the coal miners' strike in the United States.

The international character of UNRRA's aid to Italv is illustrated by the very large number of countries from which food and medical, agricultural and industrial supplies were imported last month. Arrivals included grain from Canada, the P nited States and Argentina, coal from the United Kingdom. the Ruhr and the Persian Gulf, canned fish from .1. :r orway, copper from South Africa, cot­ton from Egypt, soap from Brazil, and medical upplies from Switzerland.

Bread Cereals and Coal

The .June arrivals included 132,668 tons of bread cereals, 32, 71.5 tons of other foods, 128,835 tons of coal, 8, t..27 tons of industrial raw materials, 8,791 tons of hides, textiles and clothing, 8,644 tom of a~ricultural supplies, and 2,€i83. tons of medical supplies and soap.

(No figures are as yet .available on June im­ports of gasoline, kerosene and other petroleum products, paid for by UNRRA and imported through military channels.)

Help in the Critical Weeks

'\Vheat, corn, oats and other UNRRA bread-cereal imports during June helped to tide Italy over the critical pre-harvest weeks when there was little other grain available for ra­tioned bread. Other food imports during June included canned fish and meats, evaporated milk, dry whole milk, coffee, sugar, mar­malade, Jard, margarine, soup. powder and beans.

Industrial imports, in addition to coal and petroleum fuels, included pig-iron, gum rosin, asbestos, copper and tinplate for the industrial rehabilitation program. .June arrivals in the UNRRA clothing and footwear program in­cluded wool, cotton, used clothing, hides, sol­ing material, tanning extract and soling nails.

Pesticides and fertilizers comprised the great­est part of the agricultural imports which also included mowers, threshers, combine-harvest­ers, seed, hatching eggs, and gammexane to fi~ht the grasshopper plague in Sardinia.

BOGUS UNRRA AGENTS

An individual posing as an UNRRA rep­resentative has been arrested at Bolzano, while attempting to pass himseJf off as authorized to solicit aid for lTNRRA.

Impostors, describing themselves as acting on behalf of, and sent by, DNRRA, are un­derstood to be engaged in similar activities in other Italian towns. UNRRA warns the public to be on its guard against such bogus representatives, and to ascertain whether the individuals actually belong to UNRRA. They must be asked to produce their UNRRA identity card, with attached photograph. The public should, in any case, remember that UNRRA relief and rehabilitation is financed by UNRRA funds and that in no circumstances whatsoever is the Italian public asked to con­tribute to such activity in money or in kind.

It is pointed out that any person attempt­ing such misrepresentation is liable to prosecu­tion.

•

•

SHIP

Eugene Field

Vulcania

Cyrus W, Field

Lorado Taft

Hilmerist

Cervino

Oris

Fort Island

Fighting Lee

Addie Balley Daniels

Francis S. Key

Examiner

Francis K. Lane

George Vickere

Risden T. ·Bennett

Alfred Victory

Empire Harmony

SHIP

lnvicken •

Samuel Morse .

Fort Liard

Roger Griswold

Ameriki

William H. Moody

Chilton Seam

George Chaffey

Empire Harmony

Empire Dunnet

Teresa Schiaffino

ECONOMIC NOTES

MOVEMENTS OF SHIPS CARGOES OTHER THAR COAL

(JULY 1 - 6 INCLUSIVE)

PORT OF ARRIVAL DATE OF

ACCOUNT ARRIVAL

Genoa I

Naples

,,

" Brindisi

Genoa

" "

Venice

Leghorn '

Genoa

Civitavecchia

Castellamare

Brindisi

Genoa

Genoa

Genoa ~

I 1 July I Ital. Program-Commercial

,, ,, UNRRA

" " ,,

" " ,,

.- 2 ,, "

3 " ,,

" ,, ,,

" " ,,

" " ,,

I "

,, "

5 ,, Ital. Program-Commercial

6 ,, UNRRA

,, " "

., " uma (Italy and Albania)

" ,, UNRRA

' " ' UNRRA • Commercial

I ,, ,, UNRRA

.

LA TEST COAL SHIPMENTS (JULY 1 - 7 INCLUSIVE)

DATE

July 12, 1946

• I

CARGO

I QUANTITY

General 7,785 tons

,, 13 cases

,, 3,159 tons

Wheat 8,418 ,,

Cotton and cake 8,500 ,,

Corn 6,892 "

Cotton 6,843 bales

General 5,639 tons

Corn 7,950 "

General 8,069 ,,

" 7,625 ,,

,. 7,200 "

Wheat 8,850 "

,, 8,357 "

General 6,150 ,,

" 6,707 "

" 3,700

"

PORT OF ARRIVAL OF COUNTRY OF ORIGIN

I ACCOUNT TONS

ARRIVAL

Savona 29 June United States UNRRA 5,600

Genoa 1 July ,, " "

8,205

Venice " " South Africa Brit, Army 8,310

Savona ,, ,, United States UNRRA 8,362

" 3 " " ,,

" I 8,408

Venice 5 " "

,, "

8,217 .

Savona "

,, ,, ,, ,, 9,576

" " " " " ,, 8,496

Genoa 6 " Germany " 3,719

' Venice 7 "

South Africa "

9,021

Bagnoli I "

,, Germany . " 7,611 .

• .Ad-.,ice receiped too late jor inclusion in last week's shipping list

July 19, 1946

~ Attac~.er.t: -10-(cl

Vol. I, No. 27

UN RR A

~

ECONOMIC NOTES - Published by The Public Information Division, UNRRA Italy Mission, Via di San Nicolo da Tolentino, 78, Rome -

CONTENTS

1. UNRRA and New Bread Ration 4. Fifth UNRRA Council 2. Progress of UNRRA Welfare 3. Commodity Prices Confirmed

5. Survey of Italy's Economy (Supplement) 6. Movements of Ships

UNRRA AND NEW BREAD RATION

The Italian Government's announcement of an increase in the basic bread ration from 200 to 250 grams per person per day brinqs into high relief the whole question of Italy's grain supply, and the grain import program for which UNRRA will be responsible during the next six months.

The new ration inerease applies to .-,orne 85,000,000 people, compri ing city dwellers, and those other classes of the population which do not grow their own food. The extra .50 grams a day for these 85,000,000 people increases Italy's grain requirements by np­proximately 50,000 tons of wheat a month­or 600,000 tons in a full year.

Government's Sole Responsibility

In statements to the Press and on the ra­dio, the Head of the UNRRA Italy Mission, Mr. S. M. Keeny has reiterated that "any alteration in the bread ration is the sole responsibility of the Italian Government". UNRRA, he has pointed out, "has a very sympathetic understanding of the Italian people's need for more bread, because it would help the hard-pressed worker to meet his food budget, and would aid the Govern­ment's efforts to stamp out the black market. 1

''But immediately there comes the question of where to get the grain to meet the increased ration in Italy until the 1947 harvest. The Italian amassing program is one source of grain, and the other is the International Emergency Food Council, which allocates all cereals available for export".

According to the returns up to 12 July, 1 ,0.J.6,907 tons of wheat have already been

amassed. Present estimates of this vear's harvest indicate that the total yield will be approximately G,000,000 tons, as compared with 4,200,000 tons last year.

Better Wheat Harvest

This year's wheat hanest is better than that of a year ago by nearly 2,000,000 tons. Rut it is still over 1,000,000 tons less than the pre-war average; and even before the war, Italy was a grain importing country. A further factor to be considered is that Italy's popu­lation to-day is approximately 3,000,000 greater than it was pre-war.

To meet the ration of 2.50 grams (about !l oz.) of bread daily and two kilograms ( nearly 4 ~~ lbs.) of pasta monthly, plus the supple­mentary rations now in force, it is estimated that Italy will need about 5,000,000 tons of grain during the consumption year 1 !)..J.G- i7. This estimate of 5,000,000 tons makes al­lowance for reasonable working stocks at the end of the harvest year, to carry over until the new grain is threshed and delivered to the flour mills.

3,150,000 Tons to be Amassed

Present estimates of this year's amassing· indicate that approximately 8,150,000 tom of all cereals (including wheat, corn, rye, barley and rice) will be available from Italian sources, thus leaving a net balance to be im­ported of 1,850,000 tons.

To meet this net deficiency, UNRRA has placed a bid for allocation with the Interna­tional Emergency Food Council of 1,000,000 tons, for the second half of 1946, and of this,

2 ECONOMIC NOTES July 19, 1946

UNRRA has undertaken to pay for 7,50,000 1

tons. Thi.-, allocation is not yet firm. \Vhat l 1NRRA can obtain for Ilal,v depends upon C'rop results throughout the world, and on how much of the world's available grain supplies are allocated to this <'Olmtry.

UNRRA Wheat Delivered Free

All FNRRA wheat will be shipped to Italy free of charge to the Italian Govern­ment; but there will still remain a vcn lai'gc deficit which Italy must secure and pay for on her own account from her own limited foreign exchange resources; and PNRlL\ is greatly concerned that finaneial difficulties should not stop the Italian people from secur­ing the minimum food supplies they need.

To put the bread ration on a sound basis for the next twelve months, it will be neces­sary for Italy from her own resources to pay for approximately 1,100,000 tons, at a cost in foreign exC'hange of about 110,000,000 <lol­lars (£27,500,000 sterling).

The more Italy can rely on home produetion, the less the country will have to spend abroad on e'isential food, and the less risk there will be of a shortage of grain next Spring, when the whole world is clamouring for it. A wam­ing has already been given by the DireC"tor­Gencral of the TTnitcd Nations Food and Agricultural Organisation, Sir John Boyd-Orr, that there may he as grave a wheat shortage next Spring a<; there was this year.

Italy's Fundamental Grain Shortage

The impre sion, widely current in Italy, that the ,50 grams increase in the basic ration is justified by .this year's greatly improved harvest, and the success so far of the amassing campaign leaves out of account Italy's fun­damental shortage of b1ead grains, and her shortage of foreign exchange to buy from abroad.

While the higher bread ration consumes only 600,000 tons of the 2,000,000 extra tons available from this year's harvest, it must be remembered that last year's crop was disas­trously poor, owing to war and the drought. Furthermore, the task of importing the country's basic grain requirements was, in 1945, undertaken by the Allied Commission and this year by U IRRA, which up to the end of June had imported 728,884 tons of bread grains. At present, neither the grain nor the money in 1947 is assured.

PROGRESS OF UNRRA WELFIE

lTNRRA 's supplementary feeding program for children and nursing and expectant mothers among Italy's neediest families will continue at least until 81 August. The late t figures recei,·ed from the Provincial \V elfare Commit­tees show that in May approximately 2,000,000 of Italy's neediest mothers and children were receiving {T IRRA supplementary food-in addition to the food supplied by FNRRA, and included in the ordinary rations.

Thanks very largely to the program of school feeding, more than half of those in receipt of assistance obtained this supplementary food in the form of cooked meals. Raw rations were distributed to about 850,000 mothers and children. In the Southern Italy region, meals and rations were distributed to more than .500,000 of the need~·. In the Central region (including Rome) there were approximately 400,000 in receipt of food; i:q. Emilia and Tuscany, nearly 800,000; in Piedmont and Li­guria 120,000; in Lombardy, nearly 180,000; in Veneto, nearly 150,000; in Sicily, a little under 200,000 and in Sardinia, about 70,000.

Holidays for 400,000 Children

Special allocations of lTNRRA food haYe been set aside this year to provide a month's holiday (with extra food) by the sea or in the mountains, for at least +00,000 children. selected from the neediest families. This year the summer camp program has been extended to every province in Italy ; and in addition to the "permanent colonies" where children wilJ spend their month's holiday, "day colonies" have also been establi hed to give other children at least a day's outing-and food.

Food at these camps is made up of the ordinary ration, together with the special school supplement and also a special camp supplement, both of which are supplied by UNRRA. The camps began this month and food allocations are at present available for a two months' program. It is hoped, however, to extend camp feeding into September. The children are selected from elementary school children of five to twelve years of age.

The colonies are being organised and run by the Ministry of Education, the Pontifical Com­mission of Assistance, the Gioventu Italiana (Italian Youth Movement) and individual wornen's groups such as the U.D.I. (Fnionc Donne Italiane) and Aiuto Cristiano. Pro­vincial ,v elfare Committees are co-ordinating camp arrangements in each area and are, of

July 19, 1946 ECONOMIC NOTES 3

course,esponsible for providing the supple­mentar~· food. The Provincial Committees also organised, for summer camp personnel, preliminary training courses in sanitation, eamp management and t?;ronp and individual recreation.

More attention is now being given to long­term projects to be developed by the Italian authorities after l NRRA has gone. In ad­dition to organizing lhe alloeation and distribu­tion of relief supplies, the ProYincial W elf arc Committees are pro\'ing increasingly active in the preparation of plarn, Lo co-ordinate welfare work and improve standards throughout the country.

Provincial Nutrition Committees

Nutrition Committees have been set up in each province under the chairmanship of the Medico Provinciale. A fiv.e-day Nutrition Conference was held in Padua at the end of May, under the auspices of the Welfare Divi­sion, with the object of bringing together Italian nurses and doctors to discuss the food and nutrition problems of the lower-income sections of tlie population. Similar conferences are scheduled for September in Lombardr, Piedmont and Liguria.

rp till 1.5 June, PNRRA had distributed 3,132,587 items of clothing and G64, 7--t.t pairs of shoes to 8.58,080 persons. Distribution will <.'ontinue throughout the summer, particularly in the northern provinees, which came into the l rNRRA elothing scheme much later than the rest of the country. In September PNRRA will begin a large distribution program of winter dothing to 1,.500,000 needy persons throughout Italy.

Direct Italian Control

The I tali an Delegation has undertaken re­sponsibility for all transport from the process­ing sections (where the clothes and footwear are made up) to the Provincial Committees and to the Communes and assistance centres. This completes the reorganization of the movement of clothing from shipside to consumers in the assistance centres. At every point this mo,·ement is now under the direct control of the Italian authorities.

The Committee representing the Ministry of Post-war Assistance, the Italian Delegation and PNRRA, which was set up in May to develop more orderly planning in the distribu­tion of clothing is functioning very success­fully.

COMMODITY PRICES CONFIRMED

The Italian Government and the l rNRRA Italy Mission have confirmed the price recom­mendations made by the Joint Price Com­mittee at its meetings of 18 and 22 June and 2 July, 1946. This Committee-as stated in Economic Notes No. 23, of 21 June- has been set up under the Agreement signed in January, 19-W between the Italian Government and UNRRA. Its purpose is to review price policy in respect of the disposal, by the Italian Government, of PNRRA-imported supplies, which are handed over to the Government free of charge -as soon as they are landed in Italy. The Government on its part has undertaken to "discuss and agree" with l NRRA the specific prices to be charged for these supplies and the distribution policy to be followed.

It is in accordance with this undertaking that the following prices have now been agreed:--

1) Flax seed: 5,5,QO lire per quintal to farmers.

2) Coal: 2,6<00 lire per ton CIF to public utilities ( exclud­

ing handling costs). 3,500 lire per ton CIF to manufacturers (exclud­

ing h:mdling costs)-

3) Seed potatoes: 2,050 lire per quintal CIF to Federazione Consorzi

• .\grari ( excluding handling costs). 3,250 lire per quintal to farmers. (This price in·

cludes all handling and distribution charges.)

t.) Insulin: vials of 1()0 units 5cc 12 lire each

i " " 100 " 10 " 18 " '·' " " 20.0 " 5 " 18 " " retail

" " 200 " 10 " 23 " " price to

" " 400 " 5 " 2() " "

\ consumers

" " 400 " 10 " 35 " " " " 800 " 12 " 58 " "

5) Tinplate: 45 lire per kg. to canning manufacturers. (This

price 1s limited to the 300 tons being imported for the preservation of fish.)

6) Wheat binders (Deering, Massey Harris): Price to farmers, FOB Provincial Consorzi Agra­

ri warehouses : with cutting-,bar of 1.52 metres 70,000 lire each

" " " " 2. 10 " 85,000 " " (These prices valid to 15 July 1'946.)

7) Forage pea seed: 25,000 lire per ton. Price to farmers, FOB Pro­

vincial Consorzi Agrari warehouses. (This price valid to 31 July, 1946.)

8) Reaper attachments (Deering) : 3,000 lire each, FOB Provincial Consorzi Agrari

warehouses. SaJe is limited to bona fide farm­ers who have more grain to harvest. (Price valid to 15 July, 1'946.)

4 ECONOMJC NOTES °July 19, 1946

9) Ploughs (Massey Harris, 2-bottomed model): 55,00,0 lire each, FOB Provincial Consorzi Agrari

warehouses. Sale is limited to bona fide farm­ers. (Price valid to 15 August, ,1946, after which it will be re-examined for the balance of goods in stock.)

10) Mowers (Deering, Bamford, Cockshutt): 35,000 lire each, to farmers, FOB Provincial Con­

sorzi Agrari warchousf's. (Price valid · to 15 August, 1946).

These prices include distribution costs, ex­cept where otherwise stated. Thev are the legal prices at which commodities ar~, or have been on sale" Other prices will be published in Rconomic Notes as further decisions are reached on the sale price of UNRRA-imported commodities. The public is notified that once prices have been agreed, and confirmed bv the Italian Government and UNRRA, they ·nmst in no circumstances be increased.

FIFTH UNRRA COUNCIL

The · Fifth Council of the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration is scheduled to meet in Geneva on 5 August. It is anticipated that representatives of all the 48 member nations of UNRRA will be present.

The chief subject for discussion will be the future relief and rehabilitation policy for 1947. The Council will discuss the supply of com­modities to those countrie~ still in need of as­sistance ; care of displaced persons ; health ; and welfare.

It is expected that industrial and agricultural prospects throughout the world will be reviewed in some detail, together with· the formulation of plans to ensure that the termination of UNRRA aid shall not cause serious economic repercussions in assisted countries.

Local VNRRA Missions are closela..eo­operating with the Governments of rec(Wlng countries, with a view Lo building up stocks and defining long-term projects aimed at eas­ing the transition from UNRRA assistance to national self-reliance.

In view, however, of the present state of world econ om~', it is anticipated that inter­national co-ordination of sup-plies and distribu­tion will remain an essential feature of ,rnrld reconstruction for some years to coi11e.

The Director-General will report at the open­ing· session of the Council on the Administra­tion's activities from 1 January to 31Y June, 19--H), and on progress made towards ccon:m1ir rehabilitation in assisted countries in Europe and Asia.

SURVEY OF ITALY'S ECONOMY

In order that readers of Eronom1c Notes · may have a rnore det ffiled appreciation of the economic situation i ., ltal11 at the pre-:enl time, than is possible in the few 1,rt,!::>:es of ~rot101ric Notes, the VNRR-1 Italu ]\,fission has decided to publish in this, and forthcoming isst1e.11 of Economic Notes a £cries of articles on the fol­lm.c+ng w,pects of Italy's econmn11; food; trans­port and cor111111mications; ir1dustri1; finance; forciy_·n trade and the balance of pawments; prices and cost of livi1n4; lahonr, waQ"eS and social insurance; and public health and wel­fare.

The supplement to this is.<:ue of Economic Notes contains a peneral _introduction to tlte Survey, includina UNRRA 's role in t11e re­habilitation of Italy, and an appreciation of Italy's financial position. The Economic Survey w,ill later be published in book form.

I

July 19, 1946

SHLP

Terre Haute Victory

Randfootein

Leonardo Romero

James Price

Runswick

Frank Irwin

WiUiam Rawle

Fort Sturgeon

ECONOMIC NOTES

MOVEMENTS OF SHIPS

CARBOES OTHER THAN COAL

(JULY ll - 14 INCLUSIVE)

PO l{T OP ARRIVAL DATE 01!' ARRIVAL

ACCOUNT

Gen oa

,.

sina - Reggio * Mes

Pale rmo

Gen oa

Nap les

Gen oa

8 July UNRRA

9 " " 12 ,, " 13 ,, "

14 " "

" " "

., '

Ital. Govt.

,, ,. UNRRA

I

CARGO

I

Corn Meal Soya Flour

Copper

Wheat

,.

Seed Peas Basic Slag

'Wheat

Maize Quebraco

Wheat

* Arrived at first-na med port on the date shown ; discharging at the second port later

LATEST COAL SHIPMENTS

(JULY 8 - 13 INCJLUSLVE)

DATE SIIIP PORT OF ARRI VAL OF COUNTRY• OF ORIGIN ACCOUNT

ARRIVAL

Empire Snipe Leghorn 8 July Germany UNRRA

E. Marion Crawford Venice 9 "

United States ., Ancona 13 ,.

" " " Hartridge T. Annunziata 10 ,. United Kingdom ,,

Gerodimos Ci vitavecchia 12 ,, Germany ,,

Cherca Venice " ,,

" " Gaeta " " " " " Zyderburg Palermo

" .,

" " Fred E. Joyce Genoa 13

" United States ,,

s

TONS

5,000 3,500

450

9,008 '

8,144

110 5,404

8,049

7,037 837

8,500

I TONS

I 3,317

3,671 4,500

7,003

4,098

{6,500 1,000 (coke)

7,705

3,705

8,704

July"' 1946 ~ -

Attachment H- 10- (d )

Vol. I, No. 28

u N RR A

~

ECONOMIC NOTES - Published by The Public Information Division, UNRRA Italy Mission, Via di San Nicolo da Tolentino , , 8, Rome -

CONTENTS

1. Mr. LaGuardia on Problems of 1947 3. B- tter Coal Supplies 2. Fuel for Fishing Craft 4. Wheal Amassing Progress

5. Movements of Ships

MR. LAGUARDIA ON PROBLEMS OF 1947

The problem of carrying on U RRA 's work after UNR IL\ funds are exhausted at the end of the year was discussed by the Director General, Mr. Fiorello LaGuardia, in Rome thi.., \\ eek, during the course of his four­day visit to the rNRIL\ Italy Mission. Mr. LnGuardia has already Yi sited Greece, and plans to complete a world tour of UNRRA-as­sisted countries, iucluding later a visit to China.

,·,ve terminate on 81 D ecember, but the need is not over" , he said. ' 'I do not know what some of the countries are going to do. To-day, three times , I heard the hope expres­sed ''Vell, CNRRA must C'ontinue'. Suppose UNRRA does continue? There is no money after midnight 81 December, 1946. You can­not help people by passing resolutions or by sending expressions of sympathy. In my own country, it will take several months to get the necessary financial appropriations-if we get them". In other eountries, he pointed out, there is equally no financial provision for TJNRRA in 1947.

Shipments to Italy

It would be impossible to terminate the Italy Mission by the end of the year. Circumstances beyond l TNRRA 's control had delayed ship­ments, but the Director General emphasised that UNRR~'\ ' s purchases for Italy would end on 31 December, although the shipments might continue for several months into the New Year.

From His Holiness the Pope, said Mr. La Guardia. he had learnt how greatly UNRRA's

work was appreciated, and f'ro111 the Provisional TI ead of the Italian State and the Italian Prime Minister, how keenly that work was ap­preciated in Italy.

Referring to the Fifth T .NRRA Council which wns due to meet in Geneva on 5 August, the Director General gave a warning that it would be unable to produce any definite plan for the future. With the best of intentions and the best uf go0clwill, the delegates at­tending the Council would lack the necessary authorit:\' to bind their respective governJ ments.

When UNRRA Ends

Tf PNRHA should disappear, perhaps there would develop some system by which indiYidual nations would help other individual nations, or groups of nations help other groups. Such assistance. said, Mr. LaGuardia, was bound to lead to some political control by the donor nations oYer countries in receipt of aid. l "NRRA had often been accus.ed, by one side or the other, of discrimination in favour of Communists or against them, but the accusa­tions cancelled out. It was UNRH.A's policy to show no discrimination.

''I am deeply concerned in the medical s~r­vices" ·he said. "I hope the United rations Health Organisation will be in a position to take the111 o\'er, but assuming that they have perfected their organisation by I January, they will still have no funds."

2 ECONOMIC NOTES July .1946

The same was true of displaced persons. The world \\·ould be faced ne.·t ~·ear with the ta.,k of snpporting- (!00 1000 diplaced persons. "This is no stock-pile of surplm property. It is a 1

stock-pile of human misen'." he continued. ''I do not Mtr that the l ni tcd Nations Orga­nisation will not do it, hut there is no-one ready to take over in J anuar.v. ''

Referring to the co-;t of feeding and sup­porting the displaced per<;ons, irr. LaGnar­dia pointed lHlt that, in · ddition, a sum of 350 million dollars (£87,500,000 sterlin.Q) would be required for the first six month, of reset­tlement.

Tour of Visits

Mr. LaGuardia arrived in Home on Sunday, 21 .fol~·. During· the eonrc;;e of his brief stay, lie saw the PNR lL\ shoe procc<;sing factory in the Ynld°s FHir Rxhibition buildings, the bomb-damag·ed sc·l10ol of' the Suore Poverclle , di Ilen::ramo, where 300 needr children are daily being fed on P~ TRRA supplernentarv rations, and the Italian nnd non-Italian displaced ner­sons camps at Cinecitta. He also visited C'i­sterna where he e~arninecl plans of the new honses to he built hv (' ~ SAS and saw houses built last vear with FNRRA assistance under .the exnerimental program inaugurated hv the Hin-h Commic;s,1riat for Refrn1ees, which has now hcen nhsorhecl into the Ministry of Post­VVar A. si-,tance.

Ou Tue,dm·, 13 .fulv, the Director General wa<; offirialh- welcomed at the Campido,gUo by the Sindaco of Rorne, Prince Doria Pamnhilj. Tmmediatelv afterwards be attended a gather­ing of 2,000 ehilrlren from TTNRRA-aided schools in Rome--.

Address to Constituent Assembly

I,ater in the morning the Director General on thr invitation of the Constituent Assembly addressed a represcntatiYe gathering of depu­ties in the Sala dclla Lupa at Montecitorio.

On the following day he flew to Milan where he inspected indmtrial works operating on sup­plies provided b.v l:NRR A.

Nothing·, Mr. LaGuardia suggested, so well illustrated FNRR.:\'s purpose as the E-42 boot repair workshops, established in one of the \V orld's Fair Exhibition which Mussolini

had planned to held in Roma in 19"12. In contra<;t with the c;;ystem now gone, that had produced marble palaces built to saLisf~• one man's pride, was l TXRRA 's belief that c, cry individual had a ri1.d1t to Ii,·e, and that there was enough in the world to satisfy everyone s needs.

FUEL FOR FISHING CRAFT

~ substantial inc"·ease in Italy's fish supply s.hould result l'rom I he decision of the Italian Government. in agreement with UNRRA, to increase the ,\u,tnist alJoeation of P.O.L. to power driYcn fishing· craf't by 100 per rent. in the case of gasoline, and by about 50 per rent. in the case of die,cl oil and 40 per cent. in the ease of kerosene, a<; compared with quan­tities supplied in July.

National consumption of fish dropped from a )'earlv averauc of four to five kilog. ntrn'> (about • M

9 to 11 lhs) per head pre-war, to barely two kilograms 0-1 2 lbc;;) per head during the last fe,Y years, as a 1ec;;ult of almost a complete stoppage of the fic;;hi1n induslr} for long periods and oYer considerable area,; (see Economic Notes No. 19 of 2-1, ~fa~·).

One of the main obstacles to full resump­tion of fishing·, in the past-apart from the locs of craft-has hecn the lark of fuel for pcnn:r­driven vessels. The position has now been eonsiderably improYed, as is indicated b~, the following table, which shows the upward trend in June, July and August eornpared with last January.

Reque•ted Supplied Peneutage of Rcquiremeote

.January:

Diesel Oil 3,SOO tons 1.700 tons 1-5

Kerosene 280 " 120 " 40

Gasoline 25'0 " 87 " 33

.Jiwe:

Diesel Oil .3,300 " 3,500 " 64

Kerosene t60 " 1-on " R5

Gasofo1e i~·O " 150 " ao .July:

Ditsel Oil u,onn " :3,GOO ., HO

Kerosene 5% " mo " 70

Gasoline IG,l ., :2 ;)() " .J.~

Hoc1u 11teil All .. cated Pcref"ot•ge of requirf'mcnt ■

J ll/.(llHf ,'

Diesel Oil 7,or.o tons i,,rno tons 77

Kerosene .'5!)() " 550 " !l~

Gasoline 830 " JOO " 1

, .

July 2 946 ECONOMIC NOTES 3

.TanumT nllocation<; were 'iu!'firient to allow fishern1e~ an a\'e1 age of some six <lap, in the month at sea, for appro. ·inwtely 14 homs a daY. ...\ ugust allocations will rover lo to 18 da;•s' fishing- during· the month.

Prices Remain High

Better catches consequent on inc1 eased al­locations of fuel haYe not been reflected in prire ruts to any appreciable extent. ~Iany other cost fal't( rs su('h as shortage of suitable

- transport, laC'\:: of refricrcratcd rail cars and lm·l_ of stora!.!·e faC'ilitic haw admittedly in­fluenced the retail price of fish to the inland con mner. Last ,·ear·s c.·ceptional drought, 111orcon·r, has hue( aceordirnx to some authori­ties, ach erse biological effects upon salt-waler .. blue fish,·, i.e. , -;ardir1cs, mackerel and anehn\'ics. whiC'h usuall~· figure largcl~· i.n ~I editerrauean fishing.

.. T cYertheleS'>, an in<'rease of nearly 300 per cent. in the monthly fishinQ hours has brought priC'es down Yery little. Retail prices of fish in .June aYeraged 300, :WO and 100 lire per kilorrram (about 2-1 l ..t lbs) for first, second :rnd ,:-,

third quality respecti, elr, as against about 350, 2:?0 and UO lire in ... T O\"Cll' ber, 19-!5. This is disappointing and priecs dming the next few weeks "ill be carcfull:r watehed. Shoul1l the expectation" warranted hr increased fuel al­locations not he fulfilled, and fish continue to be too expensi\'e for large sections of the Italian population, these allocations may have to be re-adjusted to sen·e lhe best interests of Ital~·'s eco11om1c rehabilitation.

BETTER COAL SUPPLIES

U.1. TRRA-importecl .coal supplies for Italy's eeo11omie rehabilitation arc reaching Italian ports in increasina quantities. Expected al­l C'ations for ~\ ugust amount Lo 62G,.500 tons. The '>Ourees of this coal suggest the interna­tional eharaeter of T'1 TRR. activity.

Coal from fo·e different c·otmtrics in three C.'ontinents is scheduled to he shipped to Italy during ~ \ ugust : -

{ Tnitetl Stat?s .

llniterl Ki!,gdom South Africa Ruhr . Poland

•1:!5,000 tons

H,500 "

41,0rJ0 "

116,0GO "

30,0·00 "

This is the highest rnontl1l>' allocation since . Iarch, when a spe('ial effort was made h~· FNRR ,\ to pro1·mc the maximum qllantity of coal for Italy, in view of the roal stri1~c , 1hieh was then impending in the rnited State~. 1:

further new source of eoal has been opcnerl. up throug·h r 1 TRR • .\ neµotiations with Turkey. Though anang_emenls ha \'C not vet },ecn com­pleted, i here is rca<;onahlc assunincc that 20,000 - 30,000 tons of Turkish coal ma~· he secured in .\ugm,t or September.

August allocations to C'0'lSlm1ers in Ttaly will largch' follow the usual pattern, priority being give~ to. public ntililics such as railwa> s, cokcrics and ga · "·orks. The irnpro, ed eoal situation is reflcetcd in the increasccd .;;upplv of gas for domestic u~e, which is now a\'ail­ablc for 2-1 12 hours a day in'>tcad of one.

60 Day Reserve for Railways

It shoul<l now lw po.-;sihle to build up rail­wn,· storks to a reserve sufficient for CTO days, as ~ompared with onlv 18 (hys' reserve supply in Fehrnan-. Thanl.;:s to impro\·ed dcliYcries and drastie · action hv the Italian auth01:itics in agreement with l'1Tl R~\., February's critical shortage was overc·nrnc and stock piles built up to 65 da,·s' suppl~-. Since then, reserves have ne,·er dropped bC'low one month's require­ments. But, in order to meet the graYc sit­uation created in April h~· the Pnited States roal stoppage, it was necessary to withdraw more than 100 pas-;enqcr trains and to curtail freight sen·iccs. ,Yith the improved roal sit­uation, these h:we all now been restored.

Prgent seasonal requirements of the can­ning industrv are now under review. Torn a toes and other rrops for presen·ing are now ripe or are ripeniniz, and an~' delay in their industrial processing would mean the loss, to home an_d export markets, of vitally 1weded food. _This is of special urgency at the moment, smce, apart from the benefit to Ital?'S important food proces-.ing- indmtry, there is the prospect that rNRR.\. may obtain in Italy canned foo:l products for relief supplies in other eountri_es.

The C.\S.\S housinu· seheme to prondc dwcllinQ·s in Lhe areas of the Gothic and Gusta, lines will, it i.., hoped, be allocated a special suppl~· of eoal. On the principle that loeal labour and matcriah should be used whercYer possible in rehabilitation sehemes, an _attempt is being made to uive work to local luue and brick-kilns in the war-dernstated areas. Fuel is a basic requirement, howeYer, and unless a

4 ECO'VOlflC 1 'OTES

<'ertain prcportion nf eoal i.s broug·ht in from outside, work on prodnein~· hrieks, tiles, lime and oth~r ht1il<liw{ materi~1ls will he <;eriously delayed.

Program for Win'er Monlhs

"'ith the ensinu of lhe coal situation. the Emergency Coal Committee (representatiYe of the Italian CoYernment and t '1 TRR , ) is now meeting \\ee1dy imtead of daily. Special attc11tion is in future to he gin:n lo the pro­gram for the wink1 months when indw,trial and <lornestie dcrnnnds will he gTeater. The start of the considerable rehahilitalion pro!lrarn scheduled for tlw autunrn will a]<;o call f01 suh­stant ial supplies of fuel.

Since Ital~· is aln ost without fuel of T1c r mm and is to an unu'iual dcFrce dependent upo11 impcrt-;. a steady flow of cnal and pctrolculll supplies from abroad is ec;c;rntial to 1rntionnl recoye1-v. The follcmimr tahlc inclicaLes the quantity of coal imported into Italy Ly the .Allied Commission and P ... TRR.\, s1nc·e the beginning of .January 19 W : -

,tonth

.Januar ,

February

March

April

1\Iay

June

July

Total .

(11 Up ,., 20 July.

c\. C . (YB Account)

~.)fl. i :~,;)

121 .• ur,u

8,01G

GRAND TOT.',!.

~up 1.JiNI 1 01, !,)

l l;\RRA Acf"ount

i.,r 8 1,

1,5'l9

-1'07,577

(159, 9.31

2G+,B52

107,7::.J.

287,121

1,732, t5l

815,886

. 2 ,5'78,3~t7

(1)

RYcry effort has been made. by tl1e Allied Commission, and suhsc11uently by P 1 TRU \, to inerease dorncstie pro<ludion, but the only coal ac-tuallv ayailable has come from Sardinia, since the Arsa mines, in the Istrian peninsula, which formerly produced about !H>,000 terns of coal per month, are now under Yu;.{o:·lm· control. The Jul~, ouLput from the Sardinian mines is about 85,000 ton<;, correspondin 'J to approximately GS,000 tons of good bituminous coal.

Italy al-,o produces a certain amount of lignite. "\Vorkings of xiloid lignite deposits-­located in rnrious parts or the countr>·-ha,·e an estimated monthly output of abnut J.5().<100 tons, which reprC<;"nt..s 50,000 tons in teirns of coal. The estimated month]~· produetinn of blnck lignite (lignik picea) is 27.000 frns, whie1

1 is equal to about 18,000 tom of eoal.

WHEAT AMASSING PROGRESS

The following· table uiYe" a shltistieal indi('::i­tion of the amassing· position in Italy a the prc <;ent time.

Column 1 !tin's esfimnted total prorluction for this year's hmTcst, accoi·ding to cstiiPntes 111ade on 10 .Tulr. The figures are sl1hjcd to rens10n. Fig-nrcs in column 2 nre ha"ed on e'itima'cs taken aho on 10 f uly 19 lG, and arc aho subject to revi<;ion.

Column 3 s 10w,;; the an'olmts reportC' to lrn.\·e been :·111nr.;,ed h>· lfl .Julv 19 t(i. The l'irrure for ~,.. arehc is ac.ttmllY hi J1er t hun the amassing· wial, hut all fiQ;ure. will n<'c-1 lo he re i co before final and definite information is aYailahle. . The figure<; are Qwcn m n1etric tor. s.

Cnmvarlment

PiPmcnte Liguria Lombardia Venezia T. Veneto Vc:nezia G. Emilia

NORTHERN ITALY .

Toscana l\lnrche . Jmbria

Lazio Abruzzi e l\L Campania l u,:;lie . Lucania Calabria Sicilia Sarlcgna . • .

Ci,;:,TRi"L, Sourn-ERN & JNSUL.\R

E11imaterl Production

(I)

400,61-0 21,110

566,550 15,700

603,980 10,800

1,087,820

2,746,63·0

410,son 403,!}00 216, trno 253,700 327,GOO 2G5,7i'O 312.:rno 1/j:1,(l,00 13i ,3!t0 591,000 150,250

Am•uing l'nl;tl Go~l Collf'l'tf! I

19 Ju ' y 1046 (2) (31

fll.2i! 18 5 1 5 l :'2-t so

350,312 l l,1 ,9G2 2,031

,, ,, 4·05,(13+ 213,112

1,693 57 520,537 :378,0'.31

l 3fl2.l05 771,700

172,757 5(),2:' t 172 2M ltll ,688

i-;() P.SG a0. n 2 70 721 t5,053 7,3,!t:l!i 3t,973 ao,001 G, 1R1

l O J,,51-5 Hh!.Jl!I 4S,83G H,759 2i ,31-'i 0,4 '18

178 .1 P. t 18,755 30,508 5/)!)8

ITALY a ,2n2,~20 noo.1in 150,379

GRANID TOTAL 6,038,050 2,381,545 1,231,079

SHlP

George Luks Marie Northwestern Vic!ory John P. Poe Coleches er County Stephen Girard Empire E ,len H<irberton

John Maffilt

Cornelius Ford Fernebo George Dewey Roger Swift . Dagmar Solen A lber1 o Giampaolo Thomas H ,irt Benton

Mt•unt Gaspe

8 HIP

Robert Hill · Bethlehem James Roy Welles Royal En,blem Samuel Griffin

Philip Barbour William Libby Baron Dunmore Thomas Mitchell Elijah White Fort Covington Olga Topic James Mac Henry San Anthony Josiah Tattnall Art Young Glaisdale Salomon Jµoeau Anne Bradstreet Noemi

* Arrived

I

ECONOMIC /VOTES ----------------------'-------

MOVEMENTS OF SHIPS

CARGOES OTHER THAN COAL (JULY 15 - 20 INCLUSIVE)

PORT OF ARRJ\'A.L DATE 01!,

ACCOUNT

Savona Genoa ·Leghorn Cagliari Genoa Catania G ..: noa

" Castellammare

Venice Genoa

" "

Naples Crotone Naples Venice

ARRIVAL

15 July I Ital. Govt.

" .. I UNRRA

,, " I ,,

" ., ,,

16 " I

,,

" ,. "

17 ,, .. .,

" ,,

,, " "

" .,

" 18 ,, Commercial

" " UNR.tlA ,, ., ,,

" " ,,

" " It. Govt.

]9 ,, UNRRA

" " "

LATEST COAL SHIPMENTS (JULY 15 - 20 INCLUSIVE)

DATE

CARGO

Asphalt , .

Wheat I

" " ,,

General .,

~ Wheat Oats Cereals Cotton General Fish (in boxes) Gent'ral Phosphates

I Wheat General

I

I

I

PORT OF ARRIVAL OF COUNTRY OF ORIGIN

I ACCOUNT

ARRIVAL

Genoa 15 July U oited States UNRRA ,,

" ,, Germany ,,

" 16 " Unit ..- d States ,, Venice-A ncnna * ,, ,, South Africa

" Genoa-Leghorn * ,, ., United States " Savona 17 ,, ,, ,, "

" " ., ,,

" " ., " .. United Kingdom

" Venice

" ., United States ,,

B •gnoli 18 ,, ,, ,, "

Venice " ,, Persia ,,

" " ,, Germany

" Savona " " United States

" .•, 19 " United Kingdom ,,

Genoa "

,, United States "

Savona "

,, ,, "

,, Piombino 20

" Germany ,,

Genoa ,, " U nitt.d States ,,

I

I

Venice ,, ,, ,, " U.S. Army,

Genoa " ,, United Kingdom UNRRA I

at first-named port on the date shown; discharging ,at' the second port later

5

I TONS

8,051 1,800 8,005 8,366 9,132 8,437 1,756 3,580 6,975 2,701 7,582 1,700 6,108 1,250 3,288 4,850 7,995 3,071

TONS

8,912 7,698 8,726 8,281 8,206 8,559 8,663 5,864 4,731 8,759 9,654 7,356 8,584 7,502 8,584 8,406 5,533 8,313 8,475 5.500