..,.. *" 1M I'MDI'd or e,oa? ~~~ •'- len ~'"" - FDR Presidential ...

' ,

I ' (Identical l etter went tc Gov. Tal madge) '

I .

••••• s. •• 1/1'0~ 1:"1 t~oat t~ae ea•

I I

Ire ....n HAll with prot.....S laterut ot the tol'llia, or tWe to Upbo14 the Cclutltutloa • 1U1d the propoMl to

ploeo ot that -~- !.A tl,. ,...,. r.m.,.. " •nla>& wo tlloo t.hlo - or •CIIIC"'tulatin, ;vou IIJ>Oil ina..,.......

u ooutho.--n or "~~~~to uphold. tho Coant•

'""'lari\lllod JOU -11 .,.. porturl>M ....,. ~ •DO<\ WI be ot.ap,..._,llllftlWIIl..allJ-tbo

4oo...aall &UO~IlM

our popo&latt•• ITo - )IOU aaot be _,.. lOll to ~ollla.i property rlcl>to, h •

'-"Y'l,.cht• Wlllo It h with than &HOt b- r1511'• \lin- tb& 11p1t1- 1illa\ IUob & -'lwlli~ ....,. ... ,, .. u. ... lopo .AMri-• .... II.Aol llban WU a CoUti

llt1 01mAII1 and lt 11 Ia- or to )IOUo lt> 11 or tho bl&l>eot sb•te 1JI the SO\It.h •-u the rlchto or olcht ~~~~

- ucl t!.Dutod """

llo would be 1Dter"lot.cl ta ac what otepe tho B<MN>tra c-111- te U)II>Dl4 tho CaaottW~~t• 1au to toloo aplut t.hot .. 1111 lllltorl- doatlll or ooa.tttut1011&1 IUid q..biq, 81Doo liiiJ, a......,,. 'hladp, 1D ;vour lite a ~lap ban oooutNd, wo -or ~ durlac 1836 , .,..., llr. Ktrb)-, d...-111& the - period., 141 ~olllap baft tllooa p • You have aot torcot-, lui ... l'Oii •• llrbJ, t.hot' 1a )10\11' oom Ste 0 in Colora4o ColaV OD ._

bel' 11, 1NI1 \oto ~. - rltte... IUid tha othar o1.t- :r-n ot ap, wro ~ bJ & .,b - o, I'• .....,.., tha C-ty .Atto .... y, cleol....t ·u. qaabl.ap "' be ., .,..,....,1..., •or tho rill ot tha people. •

'lbo J'lfth : t t to tho Conot1-100l 11111pul&too tbet "'I! po,..... obAl1 bo,,,,.,cllprl....S ot llto, U.loort;y, or pro~, without IIIII ,. .. n• or •• •d tM Vlxth • • t 4eol- uuqutYOO&lq tioat "'lbo ........ .a-u ...,..,. t1w rl"'t to " epooq IUid pllbUo trW, •

11o .. _ Ua&t ~ -"x-• .. r.s ..... •·••ot -~u ..,.. *" 1M I'MDI'd or e,oa? ~~~ •'- len ~'"" Mrt&ia lt&tee, -c t'- 7"VW -· ban t&llocl alee"""!¥ te etop

-· .NIIa a. ~ ¥.

111& ad to..._~ -•tl-1-.1 CUU"'Jlt1oo oopeololly to .. _ o1u-. ., w -.1< Wllat ~ t.hlllk -..u oad - 110 dono -.dor the C.U\ltut.l• ~ ... to llphol4t

~ w til~ uk -t .tope t ho Cout110m C-tt.o to Uphold the c,..tl-lan wlll t..n 1D the ... ttor or t.ho tlavat ad aotorlou 'Oiolatl_. ..,.,..., !11 ~ - aad ot.hor ~ ... thoro !'tutoo in d~a& to .-,Utlod .. v o olthoao th. riFt to Yo11o

1trwolyt 'l'lw

\.altod Statoe S-- C"""' b&O upoa Yarl ouo OOO&olOilO 4oolorod ..... .,_ atitu\s..t. t.ho 4lotrt.aollt-• or llop-OH b)' IIO&no or Cftl>dtat.hor o'- u4 by na11o ~ prohlultl•& P"rtlolpettoa or llovooo lD wh111o -ro\lo ,n-too, lloopl11o thooo 4eo111 ... tho O...oroUo State c_.._u .. ot Y&riou 8o~ta.n S.t.••· taorwtln~ that or t exae, Mr. lirb¥, lono p&O- NOOlllti_. bt.rrin& q\llllitlod lio&ro 'I'Otoro trOll p&l"'" tlalpo\lll& la no..orotlo party p-l.arloa. lD - llcl>t or )'0111' .....

":::Z:!il:::::~· - wlllll to uk if tho Solithom C..lttoo to Upllold tho c, 11 &l'I'O ito wPPGO"t to la&lolot1011 providlll' tor U. ,.._

m I"'pNtOQtaUOII 1a Coaqeoo to oantora to tho 11,..,_r .. , rroo aoooto to t.ho bollot 1

• 'lbo a.mol of -ltvtloaol ri&hto t.o llop-o olthM\0

otber1 ill then oeu.rte, •• 1n the aotor1oua !':ootteboro ouee, tlw , llll.lic* u4 ldo -o 1a U1ooloo1pp1 Whioh Juot iooo Aa4eroc

ot pi 3u~ Court charaoter"laed. •• wor•• than ~~10Nblo ot.hor -· ot l.hh tort oro too

llo,y we 1nqu1,. it tht ; outho,.. c-.lttao 100 _,II ito other tunot loao to battle who are <lall;y 1>01n, ci011iod lD !Iouth•,..

•to!

Ul111od St <.tat, u hao a1Na4;y boon qiiOtod, prohlti of VJ'<Ipert;y w1 t.hovt d• prooeao of a.. lD :loutharn rato ochoolo are •latolllod tor t.ho - nooo, tho 4h to ox_.titlll' .. - t.ho two roolal .,.._, b 18 I -..;y partt of tho Sout.h the ~ per oopita uponcli \\Ira lo trOll 11 to 26 tloet t.ha\ ,... hpoo obll4, 'l'hlo appUu a y tate r..da bvt to ••• eral r..da tw -Uoo ao wll. llo,y .. 1"'1"lJ1o I t u. lovthoi'D ee-alttH to Uphold - c....tltvtloo lwtaada to at t.n a pert ot Ito ettorto to attaok upc thlo Yiola\lc of -1 &U&r&ntl .. -ap!Ut 4eprb1JI& oitloent of property w1 ue prooeut

Ps-lly, w .. ,._ tho tbt oootort1ooo ehortly to be hold b Ate~.-'" yov wUl Invito, either ae aotiva or u t,..to!,_l dalptae, rwpro-lwe of varlpuo orpalaatloao whioh aho ,tva ao tholr pwopoao the upbol41JI& ot tho Coaatltivtloa. nould ;rena be cood .,.110> to ..,lao 11e it 81Mb orpalaat ... ao U. .-.r1oan Civil l.lbartlea Ualoo, tbo Jatl~ .Uooolu\lon tor tho AdY.-nt ot Colo,.d. Pooplo, an4 o\hor avail orpaloo\1 ... •soh oloo alola to be Olld.e,.vorla~ to uphold. the -atltvtl-.1 pi'UI\loa wUl be 1JI'rl. ted t

Wolter Whit• I

Dooombor 30 , 1035

-lly deer ~tr. White:

llrs . Rooeovelt eal<a 1le to aend you t he enclosed letter troa ~~r. lim. Brok1l, 4340 l-lloh11;tm •• venue , ;,pt . 3, CIJ1ocuo, !ll1no1H . Jhe 11ould epprec 1et e your look1nu him up ond finding out oll you oRn nbout him.

Very e1ncerol y youru,

Wr. Wolter White

.Malvino T. !!ohoiclor :leol·ot.nry t o ),Ire, ilOO$UVOlt ,

Nat'l. Aee •n. t or AdYftnoement ot_Colored People

69 l'irth ;,ynnu~ ll~w York , New 'ieork

,

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No\ftONAL 0 " tCUI

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~::~·J::· ~"r.~~ Ju·. ~· .1auu MOUtU i~~~~. J•t:.•.i::·"· Ot•o.~t 'ftu 1 110 .. ~U.UID

, .... " .... "h"' Wom t; Otlll tto•

NATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF COLORED PEOPLE

69 FIFTH AVENU E, NEW YORK

TIU.~L A\.OOhQ~IH .fo J~5t

J anua r y 4 th

1936

Wy ae~r Mi ss ticbeider :

I

urcult¥1 o,-.cus

• • ,. "M-.u•t .UI" ' " ' t « U Uif

WtUJA• ,.U.IOII O. l lCIOI 01 . ... ( II U

O•!U I. U • •·•U• t~nt ttcu u • '

CMI.•LU If. MOIIttOII t tlCIAI. COI.tlillll l.

J~.a ,.II A, l, J • CU 0/11 _,I(IAt. t U tUUt JO Tfl r

I UCUfl·· ·

J ~I I hnve your letter of December 30th, 13~ 5,

anci 8Jll getting the informu tion you wi sh concerning

'>CI.Ir. Hllilllll Brak111 4340 Michigan Avenue , Apt . 31 - ... _. Chicago, Illinoi s . l will rorwa:-<l th i s t o you as

promptl y as possible.

Mi ss ~elvina T. Scheider Sec1•e ter y to Mrs . Eleanor koosevel t The ~hite Bouse 1\ashiog~n, D. C.

••\• : c:rF

---

" " .1. .,, ...,_,.,.. ••J r ... ., ......... "'"~·' ... ,,. 1· .. , -· u· ... , /IH, 1 ,, 1" ' ,,. ". t-.OOU £D I Y TKl MATtoMA.L INfOitlA110ft I UitlAU, 1\$ fO~fRTM AYUi:U(. MlW f(Ht«.

. '

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\ 1 onuery 16, 111::16

lly cl11ur llr . Wl11 te:

lire. rl:>oaevel t eek s Jl & to t hank you very 11a1ch t or tl.u c11pt lnr. you . ont to her ln your l e t ter or 1enu~ry 10 . She re .. d 1 ~ '111 t;, a grout otoe1 of In tert:s t ond hue t: l ven i t to the Proe1dont.

lire. Roosevelt was aleo

L

glud to aee the reporte und reooomendbt1on• you enolooed 1n your letter o1' Jonuury a.

Very o1Jooer..,ly youru,

' llr . Wtolter llh1te

11Hlv1no T. Soholder Seoret .. r y to ~re. llooeevel t .

Net1ons1 Auoo1ot'1on t'or th" Advunoement ot Colored People 6ll 1"1 t th Avenue New York, New York

'

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on

)

, .. UIOIIU J. E. ,,. .....

CloiAIIa .t.tl Or fM. loOAIO Dl, L0\111 T. Wlt.MT

VIC: l ·,.UIOitlff

~~~cf,•J::" f.'G':• Ru . Jw• ~"' .... ~ ... i~~~~. ~~a:~:·to• OIW.U.O GAI IIMII ~IU.UO 1

nt l .. UUa W\llf WMIU O Vt.UOJI

NATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF COLORED PEqPLE W,UfUWtifU

89 FIFTH AVENUI!, NI!W YORK lltOT WILIIIII A.NmA,Nf UCI:IlUY

' January 10, 1936

My dear Mrs. Roosevelt:

WH.l.IAII P rc-1111.1 OlltlC:fOI Or IIIIAMCMh

DAIIl' ( , I..AIU•ICI.It

C.M.U t.U H. HOIIITOII . , ICIAL COUII U 'I,

JU'UIOA L J ACUON I'ICIMo UI•ITAifT TO Tll(

U CitlTot.ll

I wanted very much to have you see the

enclosed clipping, •Bas New Deal Helped Negro?•,

from the New York Berald- lribune of December 8 .

After you have read thi s will you be

good enough to show it to the President, sinca it

bears on the conversation I had with him on

J anuary 2?

Ever sln cerel f, d (':":) __.-

~~

Yrs. El eanor Roose~elt rhe White Bouse Washington, D. c.

WW/RR . ( (, ·' ' Q• It •i\ \

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. Secre t~ry

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p . .-I '

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fin,.• ,flo fll}lf f' s,.,I,((Jr'rt. 'llllfl r .• ,l/l'f'lt.JiJII>, ,.,Ill, , fill IIJ• (',,..,,'!1" ¥1 ll'•'fiNI I' . l ,.L,·LIJ•t,.J. •'ltfl U /11!

IHDORilO I Y TH£ NATIONAl iNfOIUIATION IUJIAU, 21S rOUitTH AV£.NU£, Nt W fORI(

,.

.. .... .o._.,

.1. r. ..... .. .. , , .......... ., .... 1101..0

a... Lou•'......., \ltCl.,.I UfMII n

HO.Il, Aijllt.l l CAP" I ••••o• 0.11 A.e•cu ltn . JONII HA, IIll HOUIU Juu WJ"I"" Jo•-.o• ~:: L~7=·~.LUII ..........

"-"' ••"• o.r.no11

'

...

NATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR THE

ADVANCEMENT OF COLORED PEOPLE

89 F IFTH .IWENUI!, NI!W YORK

lly dear llrs. Roosevelt:

U:tCUliU O,ICEit$

WAUU Wllllt

llt01' WU..Uiril

Wtt.UA.W PICCutl

llUUU I

._11( 10111 0' ltAJIC-ItU

O,UIT L LAII, IIIII

1 111,0 tiC I n Alit

C• u u:s H. HOVUOII a•«.CIAL COIIIIIN&.

Jvu n u . L J.~ocQO•

II'I CU&. AU tloUfT TO 1"MC UCI OUl'

Mr . Langdon Post of the Now York City

Housing Authority wished on me the chai r!Dllnship

of the Advisor y Commit tee of Harle~ Hiv~r Houses.

It occurred to me tha t you might bo interes ~ed in

seeing the reports end recommenoa tions ot our

Commi ttee. I send you a set of these herewith.

llrs. £leaner koosovelt The V•hi te House ~ashington, D. C.

•u : CT.f

Chairman, Adv isory Committee Harlem Ri ver Houses.

"··~· ,, • N~HI' !\.""''",.'" ""'' no.pNIUiffrw ,.,,.,, .,. ,~ .. r,..,,;o,•· ll '>~tllft r .ht~L.11 .. rM~tu mur

( flj QOIUI O IY THI HATIONAL IM,OitMATION IUJt(AU. 11& '0UJtTH AYlNU£, H(W YOJtiC

••

...

January 23, 1936

I De .. r lh·. llh1tea

I t;.~ed to the Pruideut about Yr. Cudainga' renction. He sug~e~ted th~t you ~ry to work out " bill fro& tJ;is ue-.. Une or " ttack :..nd then sul:la1t it to llr. CuGIIOI1ngs wad ask his 0!>1nion.

Very sincerely your»,

llr. 'Kalter Wh1 te 69 Fifth Avenue New York

:

(: (; I

so

..

J nuary 29, l<)) 6

' Deur :.lr . 'llhitel I

1 tu~~ed w1 t il tl.e Pro31dctlt

~obou t your letter hl\J he thinks 1 t is

oeUer to do Just -..!ta t you bl'O doing.

Very sincerely yours ,

Yr. Walter White 69 Fifth Avenue New York

•

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so

..

'

•

NUtOHAL 0.-r.CUS

,. .... .,. .. , J I. ,,......... )

N~TIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF COLORED PEOPLE

UlCU11Vt OHICfltl

Wu.u• "•' " ft.O• Wu • t..,t C"IU.I-·illt Of ......... - I I

O• . I.Olf .. I . WIMMt " 1 \,\ 69 FIFTH AVI!NUI!, NEW Y ORK

•u~tu..-r n c•n•u WiLLI411 , K I IIU '

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•

Tu.• ......OHir ALA.ONQUUt 4 ID51

,. •• e ,. " ' r!· January

28th 1936

Ky dear Krs. Roosevelt :

••••u•• o' •• .... c .. u O•••• C, l. •ll,~ l ll

llt~• UCIIUil

C"UUt H, HOUifOII •••em. (bVIItU

.IU4111U I , .I•CO OII' ti'ICIIo r.. UIIU4"'1 10 H it

U(illlUiot

I have your letter of January 23d and I am, of course, anxious to do anything that is possible to belp. But after my talk with Ur. Cummings I found my doubts measurably strengthened regarding the effectiveness or the proposed bill . ~e are concentrating our efforts on the Presi dent 's first susges t ion or a Senatorial investigation or the lynchings since the fil ibuster, &s provided in the Van Nuys resulution. \'le hope that ou t of the revelat i on which this investigation will make that there will be a strong body of publ ic sentiment for effective anti-lynching legislation. I .would be grateful if you would talk this ove1· w1 th the President and l et me bave your and his opinion.

I enclose a leaflet ·•hicb. we are using 1n picketing Senator Borah' s meeting in Brooklyn tonight at which he i s expected to open his campaign for the Republica.n nomination.

Krs. Eleanor Roosevelt The White House Wa~ington, D. C.

\I'W:CT.F

Ever since4elyri ,__

\____)~ Secretnry.

'"'· \ NNIIi\1 I .ONI'EO.:ENI ' I•_ IIAI II Mill! I Mil jiiNI\ l•••h Jill\' ,h, 101• ~NOCHtUo IY TN! lfo\TIONU IN,OIIIIATION IUIU.U liS ,OUIITN AVlHU[, H["' TOIUt

0 .. ,,,. )''"' ~-·ulfut .,,} l t.UI.J:h'HIIIf'll ~'·'"'' "' ,, .. c H\lf ,, " . ,: ... , .I rut I ru.hlll~ ,,, •

. I

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HOW, I ABOUT' L YNCHINC,

SENATOR BORAH? ·

THE 14th AMENDMENT SAYS-. . "No person sha ll be deprived of life, liberty, or property without due proce~s

of law."

' SINCE 1882-5,08? men and women, white and Negro, have been lynched by

mobs in America. \

Lynchers have been punished in less than 1/ 10 of 1% of these cases.

CERTAIN States Have Shown That They Cannot and Will Not Pr~vent Lynchings or Punish Lynchers..

Yet Borah, Posing as a Great Liberal, Filibustered and Helped Defeot a Federal Law Against Lynching, Saying thot the Government Is Powerless Because Such Laws Are "Unconstitutional." He Further Said that If Elected President an~ an Anti-Lynching Bill Were Passed, "I Would Unhesitatingly Veto lt.''

• = ,....-(., . .........

Read Marcb Issue of THE CRISIS-Out February 25th

Analyalnt Senator Iorah'• Record on the Constitution, Woman Suf.. rate. Prohibition, and the Negro.

r

I

. '

!;tJ.lt~~~:~:::~:~:=~~:.·:·· .. · .. --............ ;.,. .... . . -~.4\f-"'··· ··- ~"'"· '" .. ~· ...... ... .

5,087 Lynchings In U. 5. A. Sine• 1882.

The States Have Not Stopped Lynching.

Senator Borah Does Not Wantthe Federal Government to Stop lt.


69 Fifth Avenue, New York, N.Y.

-

•' NATIONAL O,tcOS

, ., ...... t J,k l;PIW&AIW

CM AII IU,M Or 1MI M>AIIIt 01, Lou .. T. WIIIMT


l~ECUTIYE O fiFlCIIII:S

WALlll WMrt l

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'1\Cl:PIUIOIW, I NA.Mil H, 8UIIlOUI M.

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89 FIFTH AVI!NU.I!, NEW YORK

TaL~Hit A LoOHOUIH 4 3&81

January ' 31st 1936

Ky dear Krs. Roosevelt!

.AUIIUif "CinAr'r

WILU A• fll CnMI Dtai Cfl)l 0 ' IUWCMit

~··n 1:. L'•':~~LO uundY

CKUl U H. HOIJIJOif IPICIAI. COUioJil

JU 4111JA ! . J ACI.IOM

l f'C:(IAL Alllf1A"'f tO 1M I u cu ru t

You will be interested, I am sure, in reading the enclosed letter which reveals a tragic picture of what Negro women sometimes are forced to undergo . We have asked our St. Louis Branch to investigate the facts and to take immediate and vigorou~ action.

Knowing .bow voluminous your mail is, you do not need to reply to this letter.

Krs. Eleanor Roosevelt The Wb1 te House. Wasbingtoq, D. c .

Wllll CX.F

27th ANNUAL CONPBRBNCB, 81\LTIMORB. MO., JUNB )O•h • JUr.Y S1h, 1936 IHDOitlfD IY lNI NATIONA\. INrOIUIATIOM IUU~U. lUI ,OUitTM o\VlfiiU(. '4l W YOitlt

How do your Senators Rnd Congrus.m"n .stlnd on the Cbst igan-W•gnu Anti-Lynchi ng Bill?

J .. .

11\JU.~ I' 1\IJOno:.b~ I.UU . .bi.U.. ~~u. '110!1

\ • I

~ 1.. jj()J'.uJia. £4ai.Uatrator

*alker-JohDaon uuilatna 17&4 lew ~ork ~Yenue, M. ~ .

Waahin1ton , D. c.

»r. falter lhi~e, Secretart lational Aaaoclation tor the 69 1'1ttn 'Yenue New ~or II: City.

!>ear lr. Jh1 tel

The tollowinl '"" t ter c~me to our • t ~en tion tllrougb tbe mediua of bD &DOnyaoua letter !rom & ~roup or M~3ro •omen i n ~t. Louis, IUssouril , I

~.

" A f ew line~ or busituss if there 1s ~ntt \l:lll!: w help us pore women. ile vre worldug t. e · the .lmbus:>do,r~1 il_1ng . nd our boss is a man. ~a is not the mhn to be bos" over~~cn. He is a • bit,. aan nne! y, e are Negro women.~ orl< •. t l\t'te clc•n office too of the liearo •omun is hi s s~ o • Ho i s cruzy ~bout Wearo woaen und be do ~11 of o l111:a they Grc dogs for th• to please 'toke tlle ~~»tter the h&~<i boss for u s t.nd

' he will not let ua see the bead al l. He tbink ~• will tell it. ~ou no that ia ght r bim to rio thct. It sbme a a s l aYe time. u lu.ve P se· ·11ri te tho heo.<i uos llJld luov.e b1a to put a white r us . This m&n is t6l<e some of us tor bis wife li.lld be do like 1. dog. Plee se ~rite the bead boss ~d c bout i t snu he w1ll make & chlllll•• God mlid ~ t end " me.n ~nd llegro ~om.rn ~.nd ll e&ro aen ~nd b put here for ~hil t and " "' oo noL ;:-,mt to do it, tha t d the baed boas don't no th&t 6t all ano he don't 1 d see bim uL dl. The tJos s the.~ h oyer ua =• na • Burna n1 te floor man but he ill DOt the head • e •eke us go wi tll hl:m lute •e . .... hi a wit e. Ple~oae do somotbill( to help us Negro ~omen . " r 1 te ~tl buildi.D,.

•Pleeae air the h&aO boas don' t no wha t go on a~ nl l . Pl aaso help ua som.e Wll)", pleau. · 1 t • e could ilOt ,. Job :lome pl uce we would do so but •s cannot now at all. Time 1 s so h:. rrt . l:'l euse *rite bead bon anCl tell him to put a woman and let her be ?.hite. 'alia UA is not the 1aan to be o~or •omen "t ul l if ~ e don' ~ rio what be want u a to ao be will no t let us ~ork . Jus t c s same aa slave time. So will you pl eese ·do us this revor.

•Pluae don't uite oila. Burna he ·is the taa.n thb.t i s <loin& thh but wr1 te tha .b.eac1 boll in the Aabaeu.d.or l:iu1ld111J1 , 710 iomb&.ssaaor Buildin&, Sncth &nd Locuat, s~ . Louh, Ito . ,·. li need help ~nd ~<e no tha t you don' t tide ,..itb anythint~ Ulte this .

·~e A&80 ~ wOw~D oos~ ovor us .

•Sdn t Louia NIUI81Dent t.o., 710 ..mLas sador ~1id1nc, ~~vunth oDd Locuat, s~; Lou11, Mi ssouri. (f5 of u s liee ro l' OIDtln 'Got·k bere u t thi1

llr . talte1· 1!1\He, ulfC:rtotir)' » ....... c.P.

tn.l1l41n&. ) •

)

J anuo.ry r.e, 1936.

Lood l)t1"1c1ala or Ulil l.c:lalio.htuai oo in St. Loula! IUnouri, llo v4i !lean o.Gkad to l ook i nto tiUs 1.ftll.lr, • lt.bOuth H a not 11114er the ~urhoict1on of tbb , c:lalinhtn ~ion . ~· uw!erHc.nc1 tha t they tan brou&b t thti aatter to the t.t~ention I)( the Cbhf of ?oliCeJ bo•ev6r , 1o ay opinion i t is ~ a1.t tvr • nich your 0r¥&o.iZ&l1on coulc1 t ollo•-up to aDOO l.cvanta&e to~~ru ~ ~oJus~aent of the 1aposs1bh condi tiona oeacr1bec1 by the • riterc.

1'bsnlt you t"or your cooporntion.

,

Vory s1nce:·6ly your" •

(Sianed) J.ltreQ\ i:Agar &11 th AC.Jnittra ti ve Assistant .

~_,

- ""' "'·..)

--- ·

•.

De: .. r :!r.ULite:

'i'11 . ..r1k ~\JU vory ~ucl. for :/..J'.lr no te w.J t he edltor1~1 . I r ..• lly :...1 r.ot ve r 1 ..lUclo tr..oubletl •Y t 111s b tl ... .!.< .

Mr. Walter White 69 Fifth Ave NYC

;

so

' I

•

• HATIOioi.U O,IClRS NATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR THE . IUCUfiVl OfFICrfl'~

I'Ut tj)lll.l J . [. . ,. ....... ADVANCEMENT OF COLORED PEOPLE

WALfU WMill

li!Of W!LitUII

IICin.Ut

CIUIIIIIIAM or TMI IOAI O OI. I.OVI' T, WIIIMf

\ VIU•riiii:IIDUU Htotlllll: H. IUIIOUIU HOI!,. AlflloUI C:.to.l'll

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69 FIFTH AVI!NUE. NEW YORK •

T IIL.JI'HOH. , ALAONQUIN . 3S8l

0 I

AII IITAMT tiC:IHA11

WILLJA• P ICitlll OIIIC,OI Or I .,AIItCIIII

DAIIf [, W • 'llll fii\.D lfCilTAil

CNULU H. HOUITOit tl'tctt.L CO\i.IUL

JU A.IIIA L JACUOM I'ICIAI, .UIIIU.I f tO Tll l

IIC IIT,t,l f

February 4, 1936

'

Dear llrs. iloosevel t:

It will probably be encouraging to yo u

and tbe President to see the re-acti on in

the enclosed ed1 tori a l from the ATLANTA CXlN

STITUTION of FebriBry 2nd to the contemptible

attack upon you and the President by tbe

GEOI\G~ WOllEN •S WORLD.

Rsapeot:!\tl l

llra. Eleanor Roosevelt The Wh1 t e Hous e Washington, D. C.

WW:EE Eno.

271h ANNUA):. . CONPERBNCE, BM. T IMOR£. MD., jUNE JQt~ • )Uf, Y. 5th, 1936 INOOitllO IV fHI NATIONAL INPOIUIAfiON I UJttAU. 115 ,OUitTH AVINUl, NEW YOIUC

How do your S1n1torl •nd Congrtunu:n st• rrd on th f! Cost igi n·W•tnflr .A nti·Lynchfng Blll!

. . NUION.\L OfflC£1111

'U~NIIIT I."''...-.........

NATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF COLORED PEOPLE W.tol,.fla WMJU

IIIOf WIUUIIt C ll.ltiiUoll Of" TM I IIOAIO 01. LO~II· T. W• .. MY

¥tCC'fllll·l·TI

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<

IISI FIF"TH AVENUE. NEW YORK

T I L I PMOMit AI.AOJo(OUIH 4 l all ... I C'fOI 0 ' I,.IIICIIIU

o .. " c . ...,. ,.,., "n• nonu'l'

C. • t U I M. MolfHOII I I'UlAl. C.OV .. I\.

Jvu n• C. J .a c:•,..

February 17th 1936

Ky dear Krs. Roosevelt:

lf'l(u.L UIUUJrT TO Tll • t.t•nuT

1 have Just sent the Yresident the enclosed telegram. I sincerely hope that this will command your interest and support since the Audit and Control ~ommittee consists of Senators Byrnes of South Carol i na, Tydings of Maryland, Townsend of Delaware- and llachman of Tennessee. This is hardly a committee to command confiaence of those interested in anti-lynching legislation.

I was at Syracuse for lectures at the University on Thursday when you passed through, I knew, however, that you •ould be quite busy so 1 made no attempt to see ~ you.

l:!ver

Krs . Eleanor hoosevelt The V.bite House ~ashington , D. C.

:11111 ANNUAL CONPI!JU!NCI!, BALTIMORB, MD. JUNB lOth. JUf.Y.Soh. 19.16 • lfltOOitltO I V TMI IUTIOMAL l llfOIHIATK* e UtiAU. JU 10Ut TNAVUIUL lllW TOita

R ow_4o yoar $en•tor• end Conrr~utMn sum/ on tht Ctnllten•Wexner A nti-l.ynchinK B/1/l

\

• CHARGE TO THE ACCOUNT OP

Na tional Association for the Pdvancement of <.;olorcd ?eople, 69 Fifth /..venue , NYC

.suwJ dw~ mu1-, n.bj«t lou.~~~""' on b...,lr lourqj, President Franklin D. hoosevelt w~lo-M.rcbff,udt. F~b . 17, 19Z'3

4: 30 P . M. The >lhi te .iioust nashington, n. c. ~.c.NJ\1~ JUiJl l.lJ-.ltY <.;O.M.lll.r 'l!!. ~ l:ih~ l>hl'U.tt£....1; I<Jo.VIJ.ud:lLY VaN NUY::> t.LBOLU rl.:>N !tO.ft

;:,U.~J.l·~ lN V .:.o.l'!l.i.,.~,lON l)f' L~NL.UlNGb li..A'J. H .n.bT .~.0 Lc.~l!.iliBJ::n 'llilH'l:Y r'lh~)T 193 5

lli'..Lv.o.Ml!.N.I.Jll~U .llP r' ltUl:' tU. " lluN t>l:. V c.N'.rY r'l V c. iiUN LL,c.l.i LOLLJ,.I:{S liTOP h i:.bOLU '.l'l ON

HOP i'.. YOU ~ILL Uli~ YOU.h •

L'•L.LUI..TlON l.N ;:,UM udl l.H l o 1.1.1< UJLY .t-..lJ~ItUJ.'l~ J:'Oh PhOPc.h c~Ct...hlJ,lN.Io1&Nl' OF'

r ,~,vrb .

Na tion~l As~ocie tion for l'a l.ter tohi t e , Secrett ry

Advancement o!' Colored People 69 Fifth .11venue

~ ~ ~' .

In THE CRISIS Next Month-

' BORAH-What Does He Stand For? By Louis L. Redding

Do you know .that Senator Borah declared for the repeal of the 15th Amendment to the Constitution saying it was a "mistake" to give Negroes the vote?

Do you know what Senator Borah said about Negro women and the ballot during the debate on women's suffrage?

Do you know what Senator Borah said about Negro soldiers after the 25th Infantry - Brownsville, Tex., affair?

Do you know that Senator Bdrah "sympathizes deeply" with the South because it haa to "bear the burden" of the Negro? And that he thinks the North "can afford to listen to the requests of our southern friends?"

Do you know that Mr. Borah, if President, would veto anti-lynch· ing laws without giving the courts a chance to pass on them?

Read All About the "Liberal" Senator from Idaho in THE CRISIS for March

Mr. Redding has written his artiele STRICTLY FROM THE RECORD of Mr. Boroh in the U. S. Senate. Nevoes and their friendt cannot alford to mi11 thi1

ptc.ture of the man who want• to be Preti· dent. We don't think the Republiean leader& in certain alate• Qln alford to mitt it, either.

OUT FEBRUARY 25, 1936

THE .C R I 5 I 5 69 FIFTH AVENUE NEW YORK, N. Y.

15 e011fl o co, SI,SO o .,..,

...

'

. .

-

ll!lLORAIIDW FOR !iRS. ROOSKV\:LT

TID: PRESIDENT ias Bntf.

Febt"ll. ry J.9, 1936

Dear l!r. lfhitea

I l.a ~e g1V8fl you•• lot t dr 'Jory carot'Ul considarc. tton , because I rohld l ike to de ~at yoa ask, Tho Oer.:ocr, tic Couventlon, as you >Cllow, ls on Juuc 2Jd, aud I ·underata.td troa 12y oldut son th .. t , it' <.ll IIOCs well, he hopes to h .. ve a boat ~ud lAY liusb;.nd nud tl.o boys • 111 go off on o1 crui s e too!e tbor. The; "'b .• t o enll up t Cwcpobello I s:U.:,:J , so I wUl h. ve to ~;o up to opllll the house & ld be thoro t o r ~ce1 ve th8111.

I t t hey de not get away until after July S it ~~Y be poasible for ~e to uo a$

you u.*, but I 1'eol •Illite suro th:. t t11ey • ill be ~etting to C:wpobello thu t weeJj;-end , Therefore, I thinll; I ~hould r efuse your very kind 1nvit~t1on .

I ...,., - ore thLn IJOrry, but , all things conaidered, it taay h el p you ao1·o by a.y tJot being too •uch in evidence du r ing the next few aoutha.

Vet·y siuce1·al y y :>urs,

llr . Walter White

()(;

so

;

llrs. Franklin D. Roosevelt, The r,hite House, Yioshlngton, D. C.

Dear Wrs. Roosevelt :

February 14, 1936

I u encloalng Ttalt·er fihlte •o letter.

'

I bave given tbo question pretty caref\U tbouct>t u to motber hie invitation is the but one Cor you to accept , or •:hethcr eoll\o other llligbt· be pretero.ble . At l east cne, and perhaps .ore than 011e, o! the Hee;ro colleges ond universitiea io ontic1pot1ng extending an i nvltati ou to you to o.ddres!l their co.mmonceacnt ex~rcisca . I teel , however, tbet it would be very difricult for ;rou to avoid jealouoy between the colloe•• · You •ill ol oo, n.o doubt, be undor the necese1 t;y of turnine do•n • nWilber of 1MitaUons to "!Ute institutions; o.nd it you di<l tbet end accepted t.he llegro invitation t.hat •. onld bo extr e10el y dif'ti oult for you.

On tbe otbor bend, tbe National Aosocintion ror tbo AdvancOIICnt of Colored People ie very 'fddely representcl.t.ivo; you would apeak to o very argo audience of lliddle-clus Negroes ; it. is held noru- to Washington and dooa not thereforo involve a trip i nio the deep South, whero the problem is 110re acute. Altoaathor this aoe""' to •• prob.lbly t.he beat occasion for you. 1/hethcr tho datos fit and -.hot.her you can spa re the time, or courae, is not ~J probl ca, but I be.Ueve it I were choosing an oceo,s ion to give one .ore cddrooa to the Negroes I • ould accept Walter l•hite •s invitation.

200 Woobinstoo ~dine, lla~stoo . D. C.

,

• ••

r •utMIIIf J.L~IIII

CKAIU'._.O# t U MoUD

Dt:. Lo•• T. W .. WT

•

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NATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR THE '

ADVANCEMENT OF COLORED PEOPLE 69 F IFTH AVENUE, NEW Y O R K

T U«I"'40Hio ALAOHOUIN 4 111111

February I 4th 1936

My dear Mrs. Roosevelt: t"'l ............. llMI. t>~. W.w.itt u. u .. ~

UlCUTI¥1 OH"ICflll

V..I1...._W,'fa. ft. CL:trhm•r 1 '- • b turin ...._. ~-,.·- .... ve een n g over in "''I mind the converse-.,...;.... .. ..:~:::~=- ·uon 1 had with you recently in which you told me that -... :: ::"'.:!,,._ '/OU thought you should make only one speech to a Negro ·- :::~·~:::;. au.dience this spring. 1 have in mind allc your sta t e-_ .._ ...,...._,._ aent that your only chance to ge~ away for a rest would

=~-"''· =.~"=. probably be during July after the Convent~on. 1t is a ::!~~- little difticu.lt for me to dissociate myself from my :=!~);':':':!.... official capacity and I frankly admit that I am not :~~~:l;. t.~.;. .... _ altogether unselfish. But believe me to be entil·ely ~~':=-um.=- sincere· and as obJective as possible when I say that ~~~~~u~~· both tor the Administration's sake and ours I really do ~~~ not believe you could choose a better occasion tor that to!..,-,r.:.,. single speech than at the closing mass meeting of our ~'"'"::"~.,_ Twenty-seventh Annual Conference at Baltimore on Sunday

• o. T "- afternoon Julv 5th. ~. WL._ A.l.- M.U.. I .; ....

~ay --~ rt.llaoW_.,. I.....,. kU~.~ e........ .....,.-.~

"~ ....._ tlot'l'. WW\- H. Dt.Bt:rrt .,.,.,.._a:- n-. Ar'h"' e.,.,.., W .. , TUIW IL lA • ., ...

w-.~ • ..._.. •••·til .. "' ....... ............. U'IM-U

Jt.UJOio.U. lMO.tJ. oo..rtTu

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............. ~ It__,. & I"'"' II T....... ... J- I.MMI._ " ....... D.(!. ........ tc. .. _ .. " .......... 011. ......... ......

Because or its locati on, close to large centers Of Negro population as well as of the most liberal and intelligent white population, Baltimore is the ideal spot for our 1936 Convention. I t is estimated that we will have between 1500 and 2000 delegates and visitors. For the ~day afternoon meeting, it you are the principal speaker, we plan to organize special auto..o 11ob1le, bus and traJildelegations from all the points within a radius of five hundred miles of Baltimore. · We will tbua be able to present you with a very large and representative group of people, both white and colored, who are interested in the race problem.

As you know, the Association ia strictly nonpartisan. There will be no speeches permitted by party spokeaaen. Hu t you would be above party affiliati on and your presence tbere would do an infinite aaount of good.

I hope, therefore, you will deci de to llake that

21a ANNUAL CONPERBNCB. BALTIMORI!, MO. JUNE JO<h • JULY Srh, 1916 l"DOISlD l't TMl lll•hOM.u UIFOitiATIOtf I U.U U. 111 rOUitTM AYDIUl. N[W YOU

Hftf do ro-r s . uton and c.,.,,~UtrMn stand on IM COJIII•"·WagMr A nt;•t.yn~hill~ Bill.,

-#2 - Kra. Roosevelt 2/4/36

... single sp~ech at Baltimore on Sunday afternoon, July 5th. '

ltay we count on you?

Wrs. Eleanor Roosevelt The Yihi te Bouse Washing ton, D. c.

"'\

WW&CTI

Secretary •

• •

•

•1

Pebruary 20, 1936

Deor Ur • . lllitea . . !h:..alt you ver y aaucb t or se:.d 1•1 g

thla letter. The Pr~ olc!et.t bud I tt.inlt it h te~:; ~-..;1cg.

V(h'l •lncu:uly f"Ur :.,

'Halter \\'hi t e 69 Fifth Avenue Hew York

' \) u

so

letter rrom ?rin.ot Fort Valley Ga. Normal School r e political situation

. .

•

. .

•

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.NATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF COLORED PEOPLE

89 F IFTH AVENUE, NEW YOAK

WA.LKa W1111t

llol' Wk.U ..

TII. •. ,MOHI ALoOHQUIN A 3011 'ffll.l..IA.W ~UII Ol llc-TOI 0, III.,U(JIU

OA!tf l. L..u, cr• rii LO U CU U.t't

tM.ULU H. HOIItTO• tnCIAI. (OUII'IU.

Jv.unA L J4COOI IJ'U:I.Al.. A.Nl nAwt fO t il

UCIUAJit

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F'cb ru a ry 10 , 19~6

I /\ L.. • • f 0 'jl ,~

IJy dear IJrs . Roosevel t:

Ihe encl o sed letter rrom !.lr. Horne,

Acting Principal of the F'ort Val ley Normal &nd

Industrial School, •hom I know very well, .>·ill

be interes ting to you ond the President and

perhaps to ~lr. Fa rley . I ~hould like to ha ve

it b ack v:llen you shall have f1n1 shed with 1 t .

Mrs . Eleanor Roosevelt fhe \',hl t " Rou se Washington, D. c .

YIW/RR'

l'vcr sine re

•

\

27rb ANNUAL CONl'CRJ!N(;Il, BAr,TIMOI!f!, MO., JIINil I01h · llii .Y '~rh, 1936 INDOnlO l'f fHI Mo\TIONAI.. IH,OIItiiiATION IU•lAU. 111 roUaTM A'JINUl, HIW YOU

II ow do your Sr••{ltQh' 1u11l (.'oui:• f"ntm••• ,..,t ,mtl c•n ,,,. Co"''~''" IViiKII• ·f Ami I V"t:lllng 811};'

·.

nu.tW"IIl

J. L '"•uu c""''•IYI 01 fil l .0.10

D•.Lott•T. wa .. n

_,


69 FIFTH' AVENUE, NEW YORK

\ T&LIPMOitl l AL.OHQUIN <4 all 51

yrJ[ .'( th ( .?. \ _~L -r'}. • 06idal~Ora·"' T"- Crisis • / (

Y.1 / .

lllC:I.iTIVl O,ICfll:l

WA t.TIIt WKIU ' UCIIIO.Uf

ltOY WlUCtllt ....._lt1'411f llCIH.Uf

Wllll.t.• f"'C UJtl Dll l c;TOI 0, II.UU:M t •

. February 29, 1936 \' )

oo•liiD OP DliUIO'f'OU I

I f:<A.4f \ ( -1 : ,, .:vvf c r{____ u~"'" •u•m:.~:~.:::

L~A - ~· )i """""'- l A,.T • .,..,... ar lira. Roosevelt: ........... Carl.,...,..., "-'- .JOMM .....,._ 1.-.1 -~ __ ........... , •. ,.,.... I tried to reach you by telephone ile l'n =-,.··· ~·::...,. Washington thip week but wae unable to do eo becailee

,.,,_,.w "~' of your abeenoe ! r an the city. I was told at .,..t'he ......... ~ ... ".rll'.:..O'l"'" White House that you were to ~e...__away for t¥week, As :;_:- ,!!':.,~~ the matter which I wished to d1Beuoe wi t h ·you ie so ~.:;:":.~. pree'eing and g r ave , I am writing you instead of waiting ._ ....... _, unt ~l I can discuss it with you personally. t.lllLt.oA.A.I......, ~~lUIIIoll :::=f.:~b'!"Jk4e I am v ery much disturbed by eol!le of the ~~~,o~:_IW..- things I l earned at washington this week . I well f:.!~:."'~m= realize that in an elect ion year con tl'OVersHLl 1 a sues ~f~w~u~rM are uncomfortable for member s of the Con~ress, especial ly =-~N those who ara ~ o atand f or reelection , But there seems r.-;·,~ to be timi d ity on the part of a good many people on t he ~~"'f''l-- ·matter of lynching or any o the r issue affecting •he 1"r'.- WUIIIIolliloll • ' d d h o ... t.oc .. T. WriPl Uegro 't;O an extraordinary degree, which, ad e to 11 e

w~ o ... wuu ..... . n .. Ne-ll- hosti l i ty of c ertain southern e·enators t o any fonn of ~~' == aot1on against lynching; makes the o utlook distinctly ... ,_ '"-n.- d iscouraging , I don ' t as a rule pay much a u ention to ~~ IU-. ILH. Wtll.l&lla H. o.&..NY W t b T....,a- tto. •~vr O..oer rumor s, especia lly i n · ash i ng on; ut s everal persons :::: :;.~~arow. told me t hat an order bad gone out 'th i s week from the

Cba.r•• .u· .. .,.a-u Dernocratio National Comut1ttee advieintt OemocrEltio tunoH.u.acw.. OOM.IliTfD. senators and congressmen to avoid all co.ntrove r s1al

_.._. ...,., .. ·-- issues, This r eport, naturally, did not add any hope ow..,. 4 =:::t~ for action on lynching. ~ ._ Nbl F"'nllhl"•' ~W,Ya. T, 0. .. l tlor o.l......_ L C. N. J . ~rldo :1..-V..t. litorrla L. ~rMI.

Al"'ll• rO&nl .. 4o H..,.f ~H.H-

~~ HMtlw\ IL .._lo.lc..n..ll.at,._

l1,~ ... ,._ ...... 11 'r...... ... .J'- .. w..l:lll

Here 1 s t;he s ituation with re fl"<l. rd • o '&be 'fan Nuys Resolution: The Senat e Co>Alni t t~e on Audit and Control is deadl ocked , Senators Byrnes and Bachman oppOsing <b e resoluti on, and Se~~tors Tydings and Townsend favo r ing 1t, Senator van lluya told me that he had di scussed the matter wi th Senator Byrnes and t hat he (Senator van Nuys) h ad nope o f working out a W ......... D.O. Willa. H.~

\~DILL.-.&,. ....... mesne of getting t he resol ution reported favorably to the Senate and at the aame time perm1 tt1ng Senator Byrnes •o go on reco rd, t or home consumption, as b ei ng opposed to the r esolution.

wished some ?ort of action by t~ie Con, ress on lynching. Apparent l y,

\

. On January 3 the President t old me that b e

27111 ANNUAL CONPBRBNCE, 81\.LTIMORE, MD., JUNE JOrh . JULY Srh. 19J6 •• _. •• IV tiiUAfiOMAL IMPO . .. TION IVOIAY. liS •oUtrH AVIHU<. HIW TOO< '

Row do your Seuto" •nd Conrreumcn Jtand ott the C:us t,gan-W•gnu A trti· Lyi•Ching Bill?

•

( )

'I

Vre, Eleanor Rooaevelt - 3 r

• I

~ there is little hope o! getting tne ooetigun-•,fagner Bill up :!'or

debate and vote, Attorney General Cummings, with who~ I talked age.i n on WednesdAy, baa hill de a very careful study or the Bupl'Qll e

Court•s decision · ~ the Ooocb cnee C•rthur Oooch ve, United State t

of America, f559), and he is of the Opinion that Vr , Just ice llcReynolde in writing the decieion eurticiently stressed possible

pecuniary advantage to the kidnapper to make 1t doubtful that the

kidnappers o_ Claude Neal could oe punished under the ~lndbergh Kidnapping Law,

Thue we race a situation where t here fs tittle likelihood

ot action on the Ooetigan-~agner Bill , no posslb111ty of action by

the Department o! Justice against the kidnappers of Claude Neal, and either the killing in coromitt eo of the van Nuys Resolution or

i ta being held up eo long and the amount of money tor the invest i ga

tion cut eo draetie&lly ae to make it uselees.

I am not making a .plea for the N.A.A.O.P. or tor myself

personall y, but here is the plight i n which this debacle puts us:

In the first place, some o! our most tai tbtul friend s in working for the Costigan-Wagner Bill question our su•JPOl't of the

van Uuys Resolution. ll'or example, · a vet ry imr>orta.nt official of the

Y.W.C.A. believes that the N.A.A.C.P, and I have made a very serious

tactical blunder i n supporting the van Nuys Resolution instead or

the Oosti £<,'8n-Wagner Bill, She writes, •The general resentment on

the part of states about federal • snoopers• is much that to pro1:1ote

t h18 resolution may jeopard.ize our cMpaign !or the anti-lynching

bill. '1 regard the Van Nuys Resolution as a sort or alibi !or our

friends in the Senate, unconscious as they may be, Sooe day when I

see you I wil l tell you what 1a happen~ng to some o! them t his election· year. • ·

You can well imagine what will be the reaction or this

individual and others like her, concerning whose sincerity and friendship there can be no question whatever, if there is further delay on the Van Nuys Resolution or it it is killed or emasculated,

These friends at least will not be denunciatory in their attitude should this happen. The name cannot be said of our enemies and

critics.

Just a !ortni~t ago more than a thousand persons paid

the1 r own expenses to attend a •National Negro Congress• in Ohicaf'O • •

The N,A.A.O.P . refused to participate. in or to en dorse tb18 Congress,

firet , beo&uae we were not given sufficient information about ita aponeorshtp, program or purposes, and, eecond, because there were

too many rw.1ors that it was be~ng pushed i n some reepects by

Oarununists and in others by Republicans, But at this Congress

statements were made especially critical of the N. A.A.O.P., to the

effect that we bad been promising action against lyncbin~ ano failed

to ehow any resulte, I do not know yet who the sponsors wer e ot the

meeting in OhiOII80, but ohe spirit of unrest and revolt which it

repr9eented ia not in 'he main an artificially st1oulo.ted one but is

•

I

1Mrs. El~&nor Roosevelt - 2

. instead an exPression of a widespread dieeatisfaot i onwhich cannot and should not be i gnored,

' .. Investigation since I last saw you has eetabl iebed that

there wer e twenty-five authenticated lynchings during 1935, nineteen o f thel:l after the fi libuster; there are six additional o:lees being investigated; there we r e eleven cases where the mob spirit ran so high that troops w_i t h drawn bayonets, ma.ol11ne gw1 s, tear />as bQmba and ··the like were nec~seary t o protect prisoners while t hey

being tried; and there we r e fifty-five oases, ~nvolvin~ a tot~ f ei f!h ty-five peteone, where lynchin'!;& we r e na rrowly la.vert ed by . he augmenting of guards, removal of p.risonel'B and the like.Studente f the lynching situation like IDr. Arthur Raper of the Interracial ommissi'on and Judge Prville Parke of Georgi a declar e that an averted ynching of t his sort is fundament a lly as serious a s a coneum1nated ynching, in that it shows the presence of potentia l lynchin7, I f

this point of view be accepted, one will real ize h ovt very serious the situation is growing when t h er e were one "hundred and twent>yseven cases in a. single year of actual or potentia l l ynching. This will &mply expl&in the rapidly growing a nd very vti despread feeling regarding inaction on the Coetigo.n-Wagner Bill or the van Nuys Resolution. Now that warm weather ie coming wh en people can ga ther out of doors I look for a reeump,tion of l ynchings .

Please forgive me f or wr1 t i ng at such length and in such a gloomy vein. But I have returned from Washington more discouraged than I have ever before.. I think it iB a v ery seri ous mistake to asa.ume that i t will be safer politically t o pass the buck and dodr·e the issue simply because this is an el ection year. Such a course may conceivably cost in Novembe r f&r more • han will ' be gained by letting the Costigan-Wagner Bill and the van Nuys Resolution be strangled to death,

If you wil l do so, I would be glad if you would share these facts with the President. Shoul d ai ther you or be wish me to do eo, I shall be glad to t "alk the:n ove:r w1 th you at your convenience.

Urs. Eleanor Roosevel t The Wbi t e House waehing~on, D. o .

Ever sincerely~~

--vY;~cretary

!.larch 7 , 1936

My dea r Yr . Whito1

Ura. Roosevel t asks me to thank you tor s anding her the Uarcb nWiber ot •Cr1a1a• and t o r c alling ' her attention ' o the special article.

Very sincerely you1':1,

Mr . Walter 'o'lh it41 69 Fifth Avenue !(ew York ll .Y.

~alvtna T. Scheider Secretary to llrs , Roosevelt

'!) ' J

I

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CUC:UTIY& orflCl ltS

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--

89 FIFTH AVENUI!, NI!W YORK ,..._,, • • I &C.IIU .. l

T I.I. .. ,...OH. ALOOHOUIH 4 3BD1 Wtu••• ,.u•·•• OtllctO• 0, UUC.M U

o''" r. LA••••"' ' "'"' u c•n•n

C. & 1\.U H. Hot'flO•

Jv••n• L J"cctolli

llarch 4, 19!6

Dear llrs . Roosevelt:

\...... Cl4 ' 'fi , ,J I, ,/

You and the President will

doubtless be 1n teres ted in the articlo, rtBorah - What 112u He Stand For?• by

Louis L . Reddills which appears 1n the

lle~;ch Criois, copy or wh i ch I send you

under separate coYer .

ti•I C14l .4.UIIU.IItT lf I MI u cd uu

Ever sin~

llrs . Eleanor Roosevelt ·rhe White Bouse Washington, D, c.

WW/RR

Secretary

27rh ANNUli, CONPEIU!NCI!. BAL. TIMOIIH. MD., lliNH IOIIr . llii.Y ~rh, 19)~ UIOOUIO ll TMI MATtoN.AL IN,OitMAfiON I U..CAU. 211 fOURTH AVI:MUI. KIW YOII /low do your St'IUifbfJ. :tlltl Cong,,.,._,"' .. ,. ·"' ' wd u, th•• C:oJ>ug•u· IY.J&'"c'' A mi I ynchin1 Bill.,

d

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' -/--1""01 I. Croonhow/Nat'l Co-o2orat.tn 8\lal.Jlosa League or Toledo.

-xaki ura . R'e eid in eatabliahtng a hoaeatead .

llaHIIll, 1036

IIJ 4 .... llr, llbiU I

11rw. aoo . .. ou Ulto • to ••Ill ,.... \lao oaclo .. 4 lothr, Sbo woa4oro I f ,.... llaow •IIF1bl ~ ol>out t blo .,.4 wolll4 appra•ta\a wba\ ever tnro~\ loo JOU cou14 at•• blr.

... • llo.l\... 11111\1 611 ll'1ft II ... ...... .... Tori<, ... Tork

Very aiooerel 7 J~•,

Mal•tnft T. Sobetder Soorotary to tiro. AoOIO'Jil\,

f,(J lJ v'

DO

•

UF~'lCl> OF Tilt: ATi'ORIIi:Y Gl:ibii:JtJJ. IWaabiogton, D. c.

llarch 6 , 1936.

llr . *altar lfl'hite, . Secretary, National Association tor the Advanc•ent ot Colored People, 69 Yittb Avenue,

New York, Mew York.

lly dear llr. White:

1 have your letter ot March 3, in which you inclose a proposed bill to extend the scope ot the Federal kidnapping law. J'

'~.a the ·•a t ter is pr1ur1ly ~e ot broad } legislative policy, I sugges~-tha our propos&~ should be subaitted to the Con&ress--~ther than to the executive branch ·of the overnme ' '

the Supr•e Court or ted :>tates in the Cooch

. .

A careful st~~~r e recent decision ot case con!ir•s •• in th ew that the Department would not be w~~i roceeding under the present statute in th?(r-•u-~~ea~tter.

~~· 51 cerely yours, ~ /

{ Signed) Homer Cummings ~-.J) Attorney General.

\

TELEGRAM epoo 4? DL

BY New York NY 30&p~ March 26 l 36 Mra Eleanor Roosevelt The Vlhi te l!oue e

Last Triday s~netor. Byrnes advised Senator VanNuys bis resolution would be ta~en up by Audit and Control Committee Jri~~Y varcb twenty seventh. Have just buen advised authOritatively the~ plana apparently b&ve been changed and [hat no definit e date set for consideration of VanNuya resolution J . · VIal tor White

435pmd \

I ·.

,

-- 11, 1~6

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• .. lt, &A4 I t.ol qal\o our. bo • 111 &l•• l\ aa:r 1101P 11o ••·

Wr . Wolter Whit e Nat'l. ~ae ' n. tor t he Adv . or c. P. 69 Fl!tb AYenue, N.Y.C.

I

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DD

•

J

·.

~I: WHITil HOUSE

W~IHOTOH

- U&roh 9, 1936.

VDIORAIIOIIV JOR E. R.

In view of the eimple faot that

I keep repeating t o Senate and Houae

leaders that tbe Illite Houae uta onlx

three thinga of tbie ·congreea (ap

propriation&, a tax b i ll and a relief

bill), and that all other legislation

ia in the dieoretion of the Congreee,

I think that no exoeptione can be made

at . thie eeaeion. If an exception ie

made in one caee it would have to be

made i n many othere.

r. o. R •

..

:

' I'IUIOHAL Ofl'tCf;R$ NATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR THE rxreunvr oftrcn$

ADVANCEMENT OF COLORED PEOPLE lt(U ryt

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Dear !Irs. Roo.sevelt: I

( Ror WIL.:t:.•, .. u•l' uunu• 1

WI L LI& • Jl-iCIIIU OllleiOI 01' tU•CIIlJ

o.un t, L.t.~,.t~• 1'1110 IICIIUil

CIIAILn H, HOVIlOIII

ti'ICio\L 4U!IJ41U lO Holt tlCitt~ltl

February 28, 1936

' I tried to reach you by tel ephone wbile in

Washington this week but was unable .to do so because ot your absence !rom the city. I was told at the White House that you were to be away for the week. As the matter Which I wished to discuss with you is so pressing and grave, I am writing you inst ead ot waiting until I can discuss it with you personally.

I am very much disturbed by some ot the things I learned at Washington this week. I well reali~e that in an election year controversial issues are uncomfortable tor members ot the Congress,especiall y those who are to stand tor reelection. But t here seems to be timidity on the part ot a good many people on the matter ot lynching or any other issue. attecting the Negro to an extraordinary degree, which, added to the hostility ot certain southern senators to any form or action against lynch~ng, makes the outlook distinctly discouraging. I don t as a rule pay much attention to rumors, especially in Washington; but several persons told me that an order had gone out this week from the Democratic National Committee advising Democratic senators and congressmen to avoid all controversial issues. ·lhis report, naturally, did not add any hope tor action on lynching.

:,.~a~.o. :-o:~~.;~!:!l Here is the situation with regard to the ~~utt~·~:::· Van Nuys Resolution: ~he Senate Coaun1ttee on Audit f~";.~"' and Control is deadlocked, Senators Byrnes and Bachman :10::::: :l: :,:::-,:• opposing the resolution, and Senators Tydings and

~.:::=:.: .. j=~a../! .. ~:~~ fomaend tavoring it. Senator Van Nuy;~ told me that -.-o.o. w,,...,,,.,.,... he had discussed the matter with Senator Byrnes and ,.,,_ ""'· ...... ~ "'" '" that be (Senator Van Nuys) had hope ot 't!Orking out a

means ot getting the resolution reported favorably to the Senate and at the same time permitting Senator Byrnes to go o~ record, tor ho111e consumption, as being opposed to the resolution.

On January 2 the President told me that he wished some eort ot aotion by this Congreaa on lynching. Apparently'·

21ob AN'Nlll\1. CONPBRI!NCI!, Bi'.LTIMORI~. MD .. Jll Nil JOolo • 1\11.\' ;,h, 191~ INOOitlt'D IT THI NATIO ... U IN,OftNATIOH IUIItlAU, 21-5 ,OUIITH AYrHUI, HlW 'fOAl(

/low do_y.out St'll.-tM.\ .,m/ ConKtt'$'SmCII li~<Jml Olf r ll~> Crostjg#n~IV,,g,,. , Ami ! \•ttt:hhtg Bill.'

'

I

,,

Mrs. Eleanor Roosevelt - 2

there is little hope of getting the Costigan-Wagner Bill Up for debate and Tote. Attomey General Cuiii.ID.l.ngs, with 'fthom I tAlked again ' on Wednesday, has made a nry caretul study or the Supreme Court's decision in the Gooch case (Arthur Gooch .,,, Onited States{ ot Aaerica, 1559) , and he is or the opinion that Ur. Justice McReynolds in writing the decJ.sion sufficiently stressed possible peeuniary advantage to the kidnapper to make it doubttul that the kidnapper• or Claude Neal could be punished under the Lindbergh \ Kidnapping Law.

lhus we tece a situation Where there is little likelihood\ of action on the Costigan-Wagner Bill, no possibility or ac tion by \ the Department ot Justice against the kidnappel's or Claude lieal, I end either the killing in coiii.ID.ittee ot the Van Nuys Resolution or its being held up sd long end the amount ot money tor the investigation cut so drastically as to make it useless.

I am not making a plea tor the N. A. A.C.P. or for myself personally, but here is the plight in •hieh this debacle puts us: In the first place, some ot our moat faithful friends in working tor the Costigan-Wagner Bill question our support ·of the Van Nuys Resolution. For example, a Tery important official or the Y.W.C.A. belieTes that the !i.A.A. C. P. and I have made a Tery serious tactical blunder in supporting the Van Nuys Resolution instead ot the Costigan-Wagner Bill. She writes, •the general resentment on the part or states about federal 1·snoopArs1 ia such that to promote this resolution may j eopardizo ou r campaign tor the anti-lynching bill. I regard the Van Nuys Resolution as a sor~ or alibi for our friends in the Senate, unconscious as they may b~.Some day ~ben I see you I will tell you what is happening to some or them this election year. •

You can well i~agine what will be the reaction of this individual and others like her, concerning 'llhose sincer1 ty and triendsn,.p there can be no question whateTer , it there is turther delay on the Van liuys Resolution or if it is killed or emasculated. These trienda at least will not be denunciatory in their attitude should thi a happen . thE> same cannot be said ot our enemies and critics.

Just a fortnight ago more than a thousand persons paid their own expenses to attend a "Rational Negro Congrese• in Chicago. the N.i.l.C.P. retueed to participate in or to endorse this Congress, first, because we were not gi'fen sufficient information about its sponsorahip, prograa or purposes, and, second, because there ~era too many ruoaors that it was baing pushed in soma respects '>y Communists and in others by Republicans. But at this Coni r ess atat.-anta were made especially critical or the li.A.A.C.P., to the etreot that we had been promiaing action against lynching and tailed to ahow any reiults. I do not ll:now yet who the sponsors were or the meeting in Chicago, but the spirit ot unrest and reTOlt which it represented 1a not in the m.ain an artificially stimulated one but is

·'

Mrs . IUemor RooseYelt - & I

ins t ead an expfelsion of a widespread dissatisfaction Which cannot and ehould not be ignored·

InYeatigation since I laat saw you baa establ ished that there were twenty-f1Ya authenticated lynchings during 19a51 ni~etean ot thea atter the tilibuster1 there are six addi t ional cases baing i nYestisated; there were elaYeh casesWhere the mob spi rit ran so high that troops with drawn bayone~o;, aachine suns, tear gas bo~ba and the like were necessary t o protect prisoners While they were beinl triedJ and there were tittr-tiYe casas, ~nYolving a total ot eigbty-t1Ye persona, where lynchings were narrowly uerted b7 the sugment1n1 of suarda, r 8110Yal ot priaoners and t he like. Students ot the l,.nching situation like Dr. Arthur Raper ot the Interracial Commission and Judge Orville Parks of Georgia declare that an averted lynching of this sor t is tundamentall7 as serioUs as a consummat ed lynching, in that it shows the presence ot potent ial lynching. Ir , this poi nt ot view be accepted, one will realize how very serious the situation is growing when there were one hundred and twentTseYen cases in a single year of actual or potential lynching. fhis will amply explain the r api dly growing and nry Widespread feeling resarding inaction on the Cost igan-Wagner Bill or tho Van Nuys Resolution. ltow that warm weather is COOling when people can gather out of doon I look tor a resumption of lynchings. Please torfi ve me tor writing at such length and in such a sloo~ Yein. But haYe returned from WaSbington more discourased than I haYe eYer before. I think it i$ a very serious mistnke to assume that it will be eater politically t o pass the buck and dodge the iasue si mply because this is an election rear. Such a course ma7 concehabl.J' coat in NoY•ber t ar more then will be seined by letting the Costigan-Wagner Bill and t he Van lluya Resolution be s trangled to death.

I t 70U will do so, I would be glad it 70u would share these f acts with the President• Should either 70u or he wish me to do ao, I shall be glad to' talk them over with you at your convenience.

Mrs . Bleenor RooaeYelt ! he 'lhlte Rouse lla~ngton, D. c.

Vr'W/RR

Ever sincerol~, ~ . C) _

'----"~ Secretary

llo rob 10, aae

- ..... llr. lrlllhl

Bot oro 1 rooelft4 ,our let t or to4o)' 1 llad be ... la t o tbo PPHldollt , talkliiC tQ bl.a abo\Ot 70\01' loUer oadoaloc tllat ot tho AUol'lloJ o .. eral. 1 \old bl• tb&t 1\ ••..-.! rotbor tol'l'l~lo \bot oo.o oould aot llotblDS dollO o114 tb&\ 1 d ld DOt ~1- rou 1a t be lea at tor tMUDC t.here • • • ao 1a.t area\ to Ulo • •17 Ml'l .... quoot loo. 1 ooto4 bl• lf tboro aaro &a)' pooolblllt)' of aottln& .-•• ono otop tat••• oD4 be oold \ho dlt'flcult)' lo tbat It lo UllOOUtl•

toUoul appo.roaU)' t or tho l Odorul Con....,.llt to atop la la t bo l ,..,Uoc onuaH o•• 'l'b• Oo•o ..... at b&o oal:r bon alloolo4 to 4 o UY'b l ng obout ltldoapPt&l becauae or 1\ a l ut arat ata .. peat, aad eYeD that baa aot •• r•'- "-D a ppeale4 ao tt"J u a n~ aura t b.t l t wtll be declared conatttutioDAl.

~~~. Praoldont r .. l . t hat l:rucb log lo . a Qu.t~at loa at e4uaat toa lD t bt atatea, ra llJ1D& soo4 oltlaoao, aad eroatlns publlo oploloa oo t bat t bo looolltloo t ll-oboo a Ul a lp• It out . BowoYer, lt lt aoro doao b:r o Nortbor oor , lt •Ill baY~ •• a»taaoatatto atreat . I wtll ta l k *o bta aaola about t lla Yaa »-1• rooolutloa oDd ol l l t17 t o t alk aloo t o !ieutor ll)'rnoo oad cot hlo polat ot •ln. I aa ._plJ troubled about t ho n olo _ oltuaUoa ao U a-• t o bo a t orrtblo tblns to otoad It)' aDd lot U eoatlauo aa4 taol t bet oae oaa..,, opaat o"' ao t o hlo faollas. I t blak rowo ant a\ep wotald ba t o talk t o tbe _,,.. pro.toent Malbcra ot tb& s. .. to.

Ill' . loU or 1111\o It littb.I.Y•ua 11 .. York, low tort

,

-8:DD

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MUlONA-\. OtflCIH

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~~~~ .. ~: .. ~.=~·~•u.r.u . IW4 1 "'!toM W4U,.I ...

t•tU\tUI MU1' Wllil U 0¥111111011

I

NATIONAL ASSOCIATION FORTH~


89 FII'TH AVENUI[, NEW YORK

( \ • I !

u· ,, J '' 1 •

')

Dear llrs. Roosevelt:

llarch 16, 1936

I '

UlCUTIVl OffiCUS

W41.lll WIUU

ROT WIUI:IIIt -.atn••• ar .. C..&n&u

W IU141 ~CIUU

oun L U lllil '" \ IUlO tlCitUn

(114.1'\-U K. Ho111101111 lffCI4l CO\IIIIIU.

JUHI!llo f. Jr.( UOII lf'll(IAL dlUU.IIIf fO tMI

I made several attempts to securn

an appointment With the President last week

)tmt.::o· 0,, Will.,_ All .. N11lt.8

......_Oit.r --~ ,., .. , ~.~

.... ........ ....... 1\.~

••"~ .__ JUY. w .. ,,_ N. JS.u.,.,. ,......... 11M. KM. .4.f1.111vr C.:.~

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~ .ArUI~ ............ - ..._..._ c. • ..,. ... "-"" ~ .. ..._ ..... q ... . lll\lf'W ..

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~u..c. Wlllloa.M u . .._ .. w~. u..t. ~..ww L.. ....,..,"'

••

-

but was unsuceesst\11. I thereupon, on my

return to New ~ork, wrote hlm; and I am sending

you eopy ot IllY letter.

llrs. Eleanor Roosevelt lbe llbite House Washington, D. C.

WW/RR

E~er

Secretary

17oh ANNIIAI. <:CINI'l!RI!NC ' It 8AI 'I'IMOIII!. Mil .. )liN" loloh Jil l \ <oh. l'llb

lNOOftllO 1Y fH I NAftOH.\l. IH,ORNATIOH IUIUAU, 211 fOUIH~ AYCMUl. NIW YO"Il

1/rlw olu YOUI So'lll~tot~ Hll!l CottJ.:Io' \\IUf'U .\1 w .l "" ,., c .• " ''l "' U' ••:'"' l ull r \''"'''"l:l u;/1,)

II&Nb 14, 1936

117 4e&r llr, Preei~nts

I whh to p].&oe before J OU a d.hturbing eltu&Uon with reg&rd to the V&n lluro Reeolutlon whlall I founol ln falhilltlton 1 weelt, T ll"de IBYen &U••Pt• to re&oh llr, llointr or llr. Jl:urney in an effort to eeoure &n &ppointou to dllouu th11 .. 1 th JOU ftt W&l UD&ble to t~ ··-· tbe,

I .. lJlfometl at the te CG~U~ltiee on •udU 111111 Oontrol U d: - oolted our report of the btll, U 11 r~"cl t StDatore J'•ea r. Byrne• of Iouth oaroltnlt, than L. llt.obman o t T 11111eue e are bUhrlJ eppo~ o a taTor&ble report, whlle d.-tore .John T , Jr,, of llelawaM aJid

o :rJland fuor the ~eeoluUon, eel that s-tor Jlyineal refuue

ing of hie ...... ,it tee to ',OOnllcler the Yan e Reeo Uon. · \ •,

' -::::::/ Oon d 1naoUon on the part of ~ of.Uee 1 railed w1cle1J1read ouep1o1on ~~ re-~ t.ent ong •b1 te and llegro t.,.er1o ton trho~~t to 11. - 11: dcme about 1Jnah1ng, In •hot o ~~ f&A th eaator Byrnea h generally oone'cil eel J o\lS; ' Dal epoltellll&n on the noor of th41 !lftl&te, there 11 wl4e-s~rea4 epeoul&Uon aa to whether or no t h ll hoeUU\7 -to the Van !fuJI RuoluUon ta due to pereolll8ol. . naeone or beoauee he 11 &cUn,. \lAder lnltNOUou, II&J I a44 peraon&lt7 that I • l oathe to lllllen the lattetT

St&taah IIUJIPGrtlrl Of tbe Qo.IU~.o.n-wagn-er Bill •r• orlttoal of Wb•t '~1 oonelder to be a -p:ro-1•• ln our eupport ot. :be V&n Kuye ReeoluUon,

ll&nJ of thlle paeon1 qut h .. noully . bellne th&t thq1e of ua :who baTe been aettn 1n the tight agatnet lynabl lljl; ebould jPN• for · aoUon on \he OOIU~agaer Bill and 10&lte the bill ., tuue • during 1936, You will tllerefore .na11se how ezoucl1nf,l1 •barnlielllg_ and dlftlCNU a podUoa •••tor Byrnu• reo'Uhcl op,.,·ptUon to the

I • t l

' \ •

\

'

'

Bon. trantlln u. ltfJoHnU - 3

I VAn MUJ• Aeeolutlon te oauelng.

P1Nee ll.tl"e thAt I ... DOt eue:geJ&tin, 'llhen I eay

that tbe ettuatlon to ozooed.lngly orlttoBl.

1 wt.-.4 Aloe w d.hauoo wl th you oertaln ehpe w ltll

regazcl to &nU-l:rnalltQS loghl&Uon 1n \be Houeo of ll ep"eentao

Una. But wb en I oou14 not «•' tn touoll wttb llr. VofJityro of Ill. IMIIWJo cloeplh r .. eatecl efforU, •• l\114 to p roooed w1 tb

\b! .. .wpa.

I lball PN~ly ntll.lrft to Wa.ohlQI(ton on Tueecl&y, ~

l?t), Nld tf U to "DYeJilent would l tlte to oonter wttll you for

a fe~ atmatee, on a~ cl&y between Tueocl&y and r~t day.

Mon. rrAilkllll D, Rooe"elt Tile Wh1 h Hou .. Waoh1ncton, D, 0.

I . i '· \

n/M

~e'f:~:~~,,4atte r Whl\o

:: ,~r~t · ry

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f'l l:lii.DI

J. ~ ,.."" ( 14.1olt•• il. .. "'' ' .., ...

0 .. Lotllt T, W ... WT ••ce .• ,. ....... .,.

i ...... "· '''""··· :r.o¢.•J::• .~r.··. f't, JOMM ~at•U '.foui U

JA•tt Wnoo. JOt~wiO• Itt\', A. C~Ano• flOWtU

I ai.fl•l.ll '"''"'"-WALO AtiiiiOII \I I U,.,UO U.U.UI •tun W.UU!Iol

lii.UUIU WAll W IUtl 0VIIII TOIII

_.. ..... l'o.noM'ii. )f."· 1>- ltfto


tl8 F II"TH AVENUif, NI!:W Y ORK

0 . llarch 9th

1936

lly dear lira. Roosevelt :

Ut<VTIVC or"ClAS

WAI.'rll WllfU U CI UUt

lltt WIU 1 .. .....U.II f N.Ct ff.UT

WllUU he.-. .. IHttc:tot or • u llciUa

Dun 1.. LA•,••• IIIUI U CU TUf

(IU,t i.U H. HOUtTOII IUCIU. COUll IlL

JIIAIUU, .. J A( fi .Oii t ,.( I U UIIIJUT TO flit

ICCIITAil

I do not want to ID&ke a nuisance ot ayaelt but the enclosed copy ot letter from the Attorney General , in which you will note thf.t he declines tacttully to sponsor an amendment to the Lindbergh law which would include kidnapings tor the purpose or lynching or inJuring victims, is affirmation or my somewhat gloomy letter to you ot February 28th. You will note also hi s rinel opinion that in view or and despite the decision or the United Supreme Court in the Gooch case he stili does not feel that the Department or Justice can

lira . Eleanor Roosevelt The Wbi te Bou se Washington, D. C.

Wli1CV

~ver sine rely,

Secretary.

17rb ANNUAL CONPBRBNCB. BALTlMORI!. MD., JUNE lOrl, • JUI.Y ~rh. 1916 UfOOIIKD IT fMl JIATtoNAL UlrOil .. ATION IUillAU. Ill 'OURTM AVUUl. NIW YOU

How do your Srn.tot• •nd Cottfi'UirrNn •••n'! on tht- Cosrigan·W•gnu Antl-l.yncltint Bill!

I.

MATKHIAt. o'nccu

I ••n•M•r ~. l. Sf'IIIMI.

C MAII•.t.• 0 , lilt& .01.10 01. LOt.tlll. W114U


88 F II"TH AVI!NUI!, NliW YORK ,

• J

nrcunn OffiCIH

WAUU WIHII

lllor w, ... , .. AMitU.fUCUTAU

WiLUU ,IC.IIIa Otllt:TOI 0 , I UitCIUI

o...-. L u ." ... , ,u .. .. unu't

OiU l.U H, "O.notl t.-&CIU (MIIii.U.

.IV U n A L .l l CUOII tnC,IAL U l lttA•r 10 flU

u cuuu April 2nd 1936 (Dictated !.larch 21st)

Yy dear Miss Scheider:

l have your letter· of March

16th and am writing to Tol edo to get the

fucts. I shall pass information on to you

as soon as it is received.

Ever sincerely,

·~ Yiss Malvina T. Scheider Secretary to Mrs . Eleanor Roosevelt The White Bouse Washington, D. C.

27th ANNUAL CONPBRBNCI!., BALTIMORI!, MO., JUNB JOoh • JU f.Y Soh, 1936 INOOIIIUD IV TH( NATIONAL IN,OIIIM.Al!ON IUIIIIAU, tit ,OURTH AYINUl Nl)W YOU How do your S•nAtors •nd Co"rrttMSIHtm fitancl tw tlic CostiRifft·W•g,.~r A ntt l.ym:hiug Bill,>

..

, ..... .., J. L I"II'UIII

CMAtt•A• Of' till MAlt 0.. Lou• t, WIMIIIT


ADVANCEMENT OF COLORED PEOPLE 6Sl Fi,..,.H AVENUI!, NEW YORK

utcuTin o,ncrq

' WAI,.ll• WIUU

ItO\' W II • .(UIJ

UCI UUY

... fnAIIft UCIOUt

YKI.H .... hU ""' ........ ,~. 144• • .._., ...,. r" .. t~.-'.~~ ..... f:v:. • ._. ·~~~t.~J~,_: 3~~~t: t.-~=·~ILU.el W!U.JAI liiiiU I _. WAL~I III

TIU.IUIU N,t,•T Yhllfl 0\'111111011

,.;.n• ..!!... Or, \lfLI&a. A ll.,. ,..,._

ou.a.-. Cllt -- .,_,_ .........-.... ~ trt.uu. ............... "" ......... ............. .._ ..... Will.-- .. 0.DofT7 ~~ ...... ~0....., ._,._ a. o. a ..... w......... IUrtl .. A..,..I ""'"'" ....... ..,_,.,,

T".l""*lt ALAoNOUIN 4 ~881 WIL.UU P'tO:IUI.t

o •• , r.u . ..... ltl~ u c .. un

C•uut H. Hoq-nM 1"'1-Q.I.I. COWMI\.

J1.14JillA l. JAC II"t.OII .. l'lCtA.I. ANIIfA.Iit 10 fil l

April 3rd 19:!6

~Y dear Wrs. Roosevelt:

•• llere is salf-expl&natory copy of

teLegram we have today oddressed to the

Attorney Genera l inQuiring upon "hat theory

the Lepartment or Justice is investigating

the alleged kidn.&ping of Paul H. l•endel in

the Hauptmann ca~e and asking 1i' the Depar t

ment will now proceed against the Cl<.ude Neal

kic.nopers •

Ever s incerel y,

Mrs . eleanor Roosevelt The l'<hite House Washington , ll . C.

V1l• : (;Tf

Secretary.

1 U C IIUI'f

27th ANNUAL CONPBRBNCB, 8Ar.TIMORB, MO .. )UNB lOth· )lii.V ~th, 1936 IMOOftiiO 1'1' THI NATIONAL IH,OitMATION IUitUU. Ill 'OURTMAYlNUl. HI W VOIUl

Ho~ do yout Stn.rors ~nd Contrtl.tnum &tam) on the Ctudc:u!-W•t tJn Am l-l.ynching Bill?

llay Lett .. r

Froa: ~.~ Xor~ ~ity,

1'01

Hon, Hoaer 6, Cuam1ngs, Attorney uenerc l Depar~ent ot JustiCe •a shin& ton, ll . C.

A;lr11 3 , 19 · 6 ll:05 A. II ,

11..11X •t. UI-,U.I.t,., \Jjj otl .. ·r l:t! ..OltX J....PJ..K1ilb.ll 'r Uf JU ::0'1ll..t. 1::. liiVt.fS'l:lC.A'J.'ltlG

.J.u..ww &lL/iiAi'lJIO r,.uL d o~J.;.ISL 111 ll.JJIP:lii.<.Jili l..Abt. f.TOP .. d.~>t i11Wt!Y

\l.l: Pi>CU.IIhl\X .II.O:tlY.t. ....u.b.l:b ;:.'l.'OP o.t:. .101011 cf. IIO.Nt. »'!"OP o8 ' .

:l'~u.Jo'\)n.o. ...l>A. AU.illl J...t.f'S.li >:JI.i:.tj:l' ilz JlJST.l. I<A_~ ' Qn(;t. J.;u!l 0• Xhl> . - -

Otll'I.'IIUJ b•.t.·r.:.l:l lMPJ.nl·lA.I.oJ.X &fjJ, wl JliUU ' ut.G~ · 1\AI..l> l.ln &c<.Tl Olli.IJ,

i'n l>JUJ..l C.c.l:i Olt l'OL.lr!l...iU. llll'LlCql~' flo\., ·o ~ PLi>J.bb. .:.J..Vlo:.o. Ub li' ,I .

IJbl'j,.hDU:.l/1' dLJ. lill1o rul.l(;ll.clJ ,_.:,),~ La UL.:. II "JU. LlLUJ.P.I!J<J:;

Coiored People

.i) ,•

'

-------·-------------

•

.. Apr il 1, 19es •

~ door lira . Bcholdoro

!bo »,p&rL,ont of J uot loo 11 cot 1n•oot1-c• t1Ac t.llo IODdol caoo. I ropllod to llr. t'nito'o t.e lerru, &.Ddi, tor 7CJW" lllloi"'Utioo,. eccloae a COP7 then ot.

Uo~.z: tb.••• cl..rculletancae , I e~gaat. that. U lire. lloooo~t doolroo to ropl,y to the =•~nod lottor, opparootl,y .,.ltton by llr. lhito, obo could pr oj)Orl,y oay 1o '"'botonco that abo l a io!or•<! t.ll&t tho De,.rt•ont at Juotico l o not 1oYoot1i &t1._ tbo t,od~ eaee, &p4 that tbe Attorney G• naral ba~ t • lacrophod to .... llblto to t.llot ottoct,

lira. khioa 1'. Sebold or, Tho lhlto lou10,

'

'

., April S , l9M .

w,.lter iihite,

National Aseocw tlon for Adv3ncecent of Colored l'eop~e,

63 fifth Avenue,

!lew York, "· Y.

THE DEPART:AEIIT Of JUSTICE !S Mfl JAKING .UIY !NVESTIC;.o;:IO!I I:l

THE CASE 10 WHICH YOU REFER .

HOioiER CUliUIIlGS

,

'

I

THE ATTORNEY GENERAL

WASHINGTON \,

April 'J ,' 19~6 .

lly dear !In. Scheider 1

The Deport~ent or Juotice iA not investicatlua the Wendel caeo. I replied toUr. 1'/hite'•

toleara..a, and, for your 1nfor.utloo, eneloae e copy thoroor .

Undor theoe cir=etances, I eu;;goot that if Mrs. Roosovolt desire> to roply to the unnigned

1 lot ter, apparently written by tlr. Vlhi to, ehe could proporly 81111 in eubata.~co that one is in!or:!led that

t~o !l.pe.ruont of Justice lo not inve•tigaU-,.: the Wendel case, and t hat the Attorney Geuer:>l has telegro~hed to Mr. Wbite to thot effect.

tlrs. Malvina T. Scholder, {

Tho Whlte Boueo.

. .

..

~'"'•: J. L IP4• t n•



UCCUTIVl Orll(lltl

WAl.ru WWJft

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UUIUIU

lihn Wil ltl 0VI tl l1'0 111

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'

88 FII'TH AVKNUI:, NEW YORK

- 0 Wu.u•• "cu••

OIIIUOI 01 tlt!ll(lfU

0.\ll't L Ulli"UI '"~ U.U«lUt

C•.uut H- HOIIrll'OIII

-''""" co., .. t L

J\IUIJ4 L JAU.IOIII .,l(l ll\, .UIIUUf f0 HU

u c .. u.n

~ v April 8t_h 1936 ('""' "' ""' '"') u

ky dear Urs . hoosevelt:

I arn terr ibly sol' ry thac the people I &skid to l!et the informa tion you ·;.ished about .llr . Bt·bkil have just now replied. Here is the letLer ~·hicb , unfortunately, doos not <live very much informo tion. I em spnClin& i t on to you , however, so that you may see that I (llc not forget my promise to t ry t o eet the information.

I am ~Titing to our Sprinof ield (Ill . ) o ranch to ~et wha t 1nrorme t1on I ce.n about him which I will send on to you . ' ·

Over

.llr ~ . l leanor Roosevelt The ~hite House ~'•~<Sh1ngton, D. C.

sincerely, ~

'tt.JattdzviJ:, 1 7

. .

27th ANNUAf. CONl'I!RilNCIJ, BALTIMORB, MO., fllNE \Ooh • llii.Y Soh. 1?\6 INDOHU If T'HI NATIONAL I N10,UIATION I U.IAIJ, lU 'OUitTH AVIHUI , NIW YOU

How do your S'n•to,. •nd Con1r~ume.n st•nd on tht: CoStiNan~W•gn,.,. A nli·LynC'hin.t Bill? . .

I

,J

I

of Chicago I ,

South Parkway Branch ana P.e s1"tience

ol l\ rt.

30 1 9 1S 6

Miss Fr ances Williams 600 Lexington Avenue National Board ~ - ·~.c . ;: .

' tlew York, ll . Y.

Dear Frances:

4.5~9 South P•u·k•,ay

J::nclosf!a ure the copi .,s o r tho letter from

\11llie10 crukil to .. r s . Hoosevel t and t he letter from tl . "' · L C. . l.t

to you.

10r. Wi lliam Brakil is no t in Chicago, Illinois. ' Re has been

roomin.; with r elt;tives at 4.340 l.! ichi~;aa ~vc., Ap·t . 3 . He can

oe l ocated &t 1611 Clifton Rve., Sprin6f1eld,, Illinois . Mr.

Bl'ukil has been unea.ployeil · uud since he w.:;~s una.ble t o locate

work in iJhic&go he re turned . to Springfield abou t f ive 01' six

~>eeks a,;o . H.; htts a p plied f or seve r a l Civil Sel'vice jobs. '[·he

no • ice for the ·Post Office examination came af t e r he had re-

turned t o 5pr1r.gf1cld, so he misse<i it. He no• awaits the

ex~tminu t ian fo r Pol:i ce111an.

l sincerely hope you Will be able t o locate him l.i1 rough some

person in Springfiel d.

TK/v

Ve ry truly yours,

(Si ghed) thelma Kirkpatrick ln<iustt·lal_ ~Secretary

' NATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR THE IIICUTIYC OUICUS

ADVANCEMENT OF COLORED PEOPLE WAU .. WiHU

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- ~ Wy dear Wrs . Roosevelt:

u ••uu• "'<••••

.. e l ('fO • W II.AJIC'WU

0 Mn LU• H.t• nn• •«uu.u

C•.uut H. Htq•ro•

JVUit4 f. ,l ' ( l(to• t•tt l._~ UIIIUWT TO l il t

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April 13, 1936 .

1 wane you to see the enclosed memorandum co the .. asbing ton correspondents, •hich wi ll give you the present s ta ~us ot our ett orts to get the anti - lynching bill brought up in the House of Representatives .

I em lea ving for llashington tonight ana will be a t the Dodge Ho t el Tues~uy, ~eenesdey und possi bly Thursoay Lnd Fridoy. Should you wish to oiscuss t his or any other mb t ter vti t h me , I shall be at your command ~<s al ways .

Ever s in erel y,

Wrs . Franklin 0. Roosevelt The i.hi te House v.ashington, li . C.

Yo~: Ll:l

Secre t ory

27th ANNUAl. C:ON PI!RI!NCJ' .. 8M.T IM0 1Ut Mfl .. )IINP. "'''' - l l ii. Y ~olo, 19!6 IMDO«S£.0 1Y THI N.ATtoMAL IM, OIM.U tOH IUi lAU. ItS '0UIITH AYIJII UI , Ml W TOI.k

H~ do your S•n•tou •nd Con1uum~n • umd on th~ Cosrig• n·W•gn•r Anti·l.ynchlnt Bill!

·--

NUtOM. L OfftCUI NATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF COLORED PEOPLE

OlCUTtYI OH lcUJ

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Apr il 13 , 19~6

Uemorandum)o Washington Correepondonts

from Walter White, Secretary, Uational Assocl l\tion for the Advancement of Colored People - and Secretary, CooperatinR Oryanizat i~n• for Enactment of Federal Anti -Lyncbifll5 L~gielation.

Permanent address:

Washington address:

69 Fifth Avenue, tlew York,:!e" York.

Care of Senator Edward P. Costinan Room 355, Senate Office Suildin~ 1Vaahingt on , D. C.

It is pl anned to present to tho Hon. Edward T. Taylor, Chairman of the Democratio Cauous of the House of Repre•c~tativcs , on Wednesday , Apri l 15th, or Thursday , April lGth , a petition for a Caucus on t he ant i -lynohinn bill which reads as fo l lows:

•uu, the undoreigned, memb~rs of the Democratic ;:auous of the Houss of Reprcaentativ~s , in accordance with the provisions of Rule 3 o! the caucus, respectfully request thnt you call a meeting of the caucus for the purpose of conaidcri~ the position of the Caucus on anti - lynching legiRlation and with par t icular reference to P . R. 5, H. R. l48, H. R, l84 , H,R, 2776, H. R. 2823 , H .~ .3480 , H. R, 5373, H. R. 5501, H.R. Sti97 , H. R. 5848 , !!. R. 5810, H. R, 819': , H. R. 64451 H. R. 6798, and • H. R. 6867, all i dentical billei that the Democratic mnmbera of the Rules commi ttee be instructed to re·'ort out a rule providing f or the immedi ate considerati on of said bills. Said Caucus t o be called on or before the day of April, 1936."

Rule 3 of the Demoorat io Caucus, aa you know , makes i t mandatory upon the Leader of tho Democratic Caucus to call a Cauoua wh en pe titioned to do so i n writ i ng by twenty-five tnemb('rs of t he Caucus,

To da te , the petiti on has been s i gned by the !ollo~ing

,

J3 - Ucmorandum to Waehinston Correopondonts ,

members or t~e Congress: l

l, Thomas F. Ford - 14th california 3. Joseph A1 Oavagan - 3iet

1 New York

3, Louie Luolow - 13th, Ind ana 4, Horman P, Kopple~ann- lot , Connecticut 5, caroline O•Day - At l argo New York 6. William J, Oran!ield - 2nd, Hassachusotte

Edward A. Kennoy - 9th, !low J ersoy 7, 8, 9.

10. 11, 12, 13, 14, 15. 16, 17 , 18. 19. 20. 21. 32, 33, 34, 35, 26, 27 , 28. 29. 30 . 31, 33, 33, 34, 35. 36, 37 .

Byron N. SQott - 18th, California Thomas o. Henning&, Jr., -11th, V.iseonri Fred H. Hildebrandt - let, South Dakota Will iam P. Connery, Jr,J- 7th, Haseaohusetts John H. Tolan - 7th C~ifornia o

~ichael J, Staok - Sth, Pennsyl vania John J, Delaney - 7th, New York Frank J, c. Dorsey- 5th, Pennylvania Uatthew A. Dunn - 34th, Pennoylvania Uatthew J. Herritt- At large, U~>l'l York James A. O'Leary- 11th, !IOI' York Henry Ellenbogen - 33rd , Pcnneylvnnia Hartin L, Sweeney - 20th , Ohio William 1!. Berlin - 2Bthi Pennsylvania A. P, LamnJC~ - 12th, Ohlo William T. Schulte - let , Indiana !!orion Zioncheok - let, Washington Isabella Greenway - At large, Arizona Thomas 0 '!!alloy - 5th, ll'i eoonsin l!ary T. Norton - 13th, !lew Jo1·soy Edword J. Hort- 14th, Now Jersey Charles Kramer - 13th, California liar tin J. Kennedy - 18th, New York Theodor e A. Poyser - 17th, !few York Ancirew L, SO!IIAl.'S - 6th, !lew York Jomes A. Shanley - 3rd, Connecticut D. ll'orth ,Clark - 2nd, Idaho C. 0 . Binderup - 4th, llebraaka Robert P, Secrest - 15th, Ohio Christopher D. Sullivan - 13th, New York

A number of othor mcmb~rs of the Houoe of ~epresentatives have 9romioed various organizations supporting anti-lynching legislation to oign the !)etition and the names of so;.to o:f these will probably bo added before the peti tion io prooontod to H;:. Taylor.

1\EABONB FOR THE PET ITIOII

The filibuster in the Senate, of April 36--Uoy 1, 1935, age.inst the Costi~;an-'lagnor bill, led by such Scnato:-a as Sr.ti th of South carolina, Bl~ck and Bankhead of A1abwoa, Connally of Tcxa$, Bailey of North Carolina, Olase of Virginia and llorah of Idaho, is well remembered, The Col\lplicatod situation in tho Senate mal<08 oxoeeding1y difficult the poee1b1litico of initiating acti on in that body, On January 6th Senator rrcdorick van Nuys of Indiana introduced a resolution for a Senate investigation of the lynchings which occurred between ltay 1 at and Doc ember 3lat, 1935. Tile Van Nuye resolution specifically provided for examination of tht• facto

J

\

l ;'13 - !Lcmorandu:m to Wash i ngton Corroapondel1tG, 4/ 13/36

ao to ao~ion taken by the s~veral states to pr event t he lynching s wh i ch ocounod during tho a'tiovo nar.1ed poriod or to punish the

1l ynohers , '!'he senate Judici~t:'Y CdrnmtttoG reported t he Van. N\•y s resol ut i on favora~ly on . Febru~~Y 11th, Sine~ that dato the resolution hue been pending before tho SAnato At!dit and Control Cor.m i tteo, It i s reported that the,co:,\r.li ttee is d eadlocked, t,.,r,two, S~nators Byrnes of South Carolina and ~Iathan L, Bachman of Tennessee oppoeing and Senators John G. Tl)wnoend , Jr . , of Delmvar e and IHllt\l'd E. Tydings of llaryland fa voring . 1

In the House of Repreaentativc o t ho Hon , Hatt01: w. Sumnero of Te;ael, Chaiman of the Judiciary COr.>oit tee , is rcJ)or t ed t o b e i rrevocably oppooed to a f avorable report on any antilynching bill , The eubstantiation of th i & reported attitude is tp

·be seen i n the f aot t hllt thi rty-one anti-lypch1ng b i lls nrc pending before tho Jud~ciury Comm i tta e-- so•1cntocn of them i ntroduced by Democr o.ts , thirteen by Republ icans end · one by u Famor-!,abor Representat i ve . No hear ing has been g r ant ad ,o!l any of ther· e bills.

It is believed by aupportcra of f~~ral legi ohti on :>.(pi nst lynching th:Lt they h•we :L r ight to " clcnr- cu t sto,tcmP.nt o f po+icy on l ynching o.nd f ederal r.nti- lynch1I't: lcglsl'\ ti..,n from the ovorwh elr.>~ng Democr a tic Wlj ority in th<' :f •uf!e of Rep,·enento.t i vee , Support of such o. position is· n?t cv•1f1ncd t o any one rnoe or sec~ion of t he count r y . It i n report~d t h'>t o. numb<'r of t ho mor e l i b ·ral southern congr<osnen ft.~vor th" C~tucus but for political reasons dcen it um•i s c to r.~~kc th~ir posi tion public ,

ORG.l.lli?.;.TIONS BACKING FEDERAL ANT!-LYNCi:Hi;C LEC ISL.l.T!Oil

One hundred and two o r g:>nization's hnvc endor sed t he Cost i go.n- Wagner · bill, o.r.1ong the lo.rger being the Ancrican Federation of Labor, Fedel'lil Cou·ncil of Church<' D of Christ , National Bapt i st Convention , Y.w.e . A. , y,:( , C, A,, Wone:t 1 o Intorno.tiono.l Le•.gue, !latione.l Aeuocintl•m of Colored Wor.1en, No.tional J ewiall Col'1mit t eo, llational Jowi"Bh . Congrnss , N:J.tion:>.l Urban "Le!lguo , " ell onship of Reconc1liation1 Protestant Er.i acopnl Church , Co:JU\\itteo on Race "'olatiqns o f t he t:Joc i ~ty of ."~i<·nda , ,Naticmal C'unoil of ~~~thodiot ·~(;u t~ , :Ta ~oville (Tenn . ) Pnstor f.l Asa0c1ati on, !few Orleanq (Lo.,} l~ inistors Union, lluti onal AcB.>Ci!;t ion for tho Advancement of Colored Pc··plo , thn Stnte Lep:1 nln turr " of Califol'nia , Colorado , Kansas, Hinneaotn, Now Jersey , Ponnaylvaniu, Now YOl'k and Indiana, tho Masso.chusetts State Sennte , the Gen ul'nl Court of l!aesachuoetts, t he Cl ty Counciln o! Clevel and , Dul uth and ot llor citioa and t he District of Co l umbia and Maryland Departmento of the ~narioan Legion,

Thirty of tho thirtr-one bills i ntroduc cd in the House of Reprcsontatiyoa a rc identical with tho costigan-'.iagner bil1. in tho Senate , The Women's l~iaaionary Council of the !(eth.,di et Episcopal Church Sl'luth recent l y endor sed uno.nir.\Ously ·the Ooot1P'anWagnor bill !9r'th" third tii:.c e.t its annual mee t ing. AttA.C;l E"d is pamphlet, "The Hob Still Rides", publisbod by t he co ... 1misaion on Interr acial Cooperation, with headquarters nt .\tlanta, which i Q

I

(;4 - l!<ll:lornndu'!l to Woahinp;ton correopondenta 4/13/36

eup!)Ortod by loading south er n churoht•en, od,itorn, eduoatorr a11d tho l ike, i n which fcdorol notion io aloo urged. LYNCHING RECORD OF 1935

Tbe 1935 lynching record 1o one of tho worot wit~in the last dooade . There were twonty-fivo authenticf\tod 1ynch i nr;a against oixteon i n 1934 tventy-eight in 1933, ten in 1932 nnd fourt een in 1931. In addition, t her e were 102 other onao~ whore lynchings were av~rt ed by a .~ost narrow marp:in either t !Jrough t he , oscnpc of t he intended vict1ro , augl!lenti:l{l: o f jail guards 1):' h'\ety removal of the prhoner& to otr onger jailo. Studcnt3 of tho problem, Clo will bo noted i n °Ti\o Hob Still Rid~ o" , conoil\o r thooo narrowly averted lynchings as of equnl ~il~i!icnnco with the coneur.1matod l ynch i n"c . ·

\Vith in the lost e i ght doy':l fivo lynclaingo hnvo b• en narrowly overtcd i n ~1 nbllr.ln and Gcor:;io . In """ <>f the A1••.b.".na .....___.-.....onoes a wire ho.d been plnccd about tl .o neck of 'lne of t hv int .:nc!ed ctime lYhcn r oecued. Sinc e then, the innocence of tho f >•:r J)olYcnns has been cotabliehod . "'ith tho nppr,.,ach of -•om weather when Ol'Owda may go.thor out of doc.r o and be eubjcot more er.o1ly to mob acti<ln , and should tho Oongreoo adjourn withrut to.king ncti'll\ , 1t 1o feared thnt those lynchingo 11nd near lynollinp:o will be ;;;nl'O freQuent .

Supporters of fcdBral lcgiolati~n "Rainot l ynching have bccor,ul exceedingly ti r ed of th•' subtcrfugoo nnd ~thcr r.tcl\no of a voiding definitive action by the Congrcs~ . At tho 11l.?C tL,c t~ey are n uch oncourngcd by tho ov !'?helming oonti.,ont i n both houooo nf Congrc cn f or PllBooge nf a strong anti- lynohinF bill. I t 1 ~ report~d t~at n confidential poll wao taken within the l·st fn•tni~t w'! i oh indica ted an O\'erwhclming suppol't 1 n the !!ou oo of Rcprosontat ivoe fo r t:1i o l eg i olation .

POS3IBLE POLITICAL DIPLIC..,TIONS The country-wide 'roacntocnt against Senator 3oroh ' s puticipation in the 1935 filibuotor; tha reocntuont of r.1nny A::1crirona, white and l!ogro, agnin01t a l!linot•1ty 1n tho C'ln(;1·~ss baing ablo thuo for to block any anti-lynch1~ l~islat1~n· and p11rt1cularly the circumetanco thnt Negroes, who h!lvo been bo most frequnnt sufferers from lynching, hold t he halonoc of oowor i n nny closo election i n ouvcntoen etotoe which h nve n totnl eloct~rol voto of 281, give o1en1f1cnnoe to tho ourront effQrto. Tho otntoll in which the liegro vote hol do the pot ential halnnoe of power are : C<>nnectiout , Del11ware, Illin,> i s , Indiana, Knnfll\e , Kcntuclty, 1!11ryland, l.!aeeaohueo.t te , l!ioh 1gan, V.i s oouri, Now J oroey, New y, r k , Ohio, Oklo.homa, Ponnsyl vnn i a 1 Rhode roland nnd i7 0st Virginia. (Dotail~d tig>~es on theoe may be found i n tho February i P•uo of tho Or iola, pages 46-47.)

So keen 18 the interest in thi e mover.~ent t o Aeoure o.ctton before Congroee adj om•ns that fnilure t o take a dotinito

f 5 - l! emor andum to w,aehi ngton Correspondents . I

4/13/36

stand by the Caucuo , or any baok- etago blockin~r of thn Cauo:un, will

be oonoiderod by Dany individual ~ ae r oprchonoible eo a vote by the Oaucuo Againot an t i - l ynching legislat i on .

It is planned,to a ek a eia ilar declaratl~n of pol i cy ! r oo the Republ i can Oonter once.

Tho Pre sident 1B reported to fav"r ant i -lynohi n'O legiela tion.

,

11'1'1;0TF

•

.lprll 20, 1~30

JC:r dMZ llr o lh1\el

Mro. JIQo-U ao.._ 010 to tllellk you

••rr .uek to~ ••nd1~ her \be ed1\or1al rroa

tho loJ'ld-TeloiJ'oa. She doopl1 o.pproolateo

yoUJ> t hQU6bttulaooo in SiTing her on opportunity

to ace t h1••

Mr. Walter 1fh1t;e

Very 11noeroly your••

llal ,.ioa T. Solleidol' Sef!H\&rY to Mr I • ROOII'fllt •

llaUolllll .looooiaUoa for tbo .ldftiiOa•at of Colored Pooplo ev rm 11 ,.,... ... Ill• York, 11 .. York DO

IIAT10H.AL O,lCIH

••nt•un J, It,'" ........

H4kPOWO~U

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88 FII'TH AVENUt:, N I W YORK

'hi.U'HQHI ALOOHQUIH 4 11881 ; , , ( I) Ollid4l Or,.., ,.. cru~ (t' 1 ~

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April 18th 1936

wunaw1un let' WllJ:III'S

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~y dear ~rs . Roosevelt :

~he utter vicious and stupi d attack on you and the President by the amusingly named "Southern Committee to Uphold the Constitution" is tundng out to be ·a boomerang on them, apparently. The enclosed editorial page from yesterday's World-Telegram, with its editorial and cartoon, seems to represent pretty thoroughly the attitude of all the decent people w1 tb ~'hom I have tal ked.

~rs. ~leanor Roosevelt Tbe ~te Bouse v.·ashington, D. c .

Secretary .

27oh 1\NNUAr. CONl'IJIIUNCI! . RJI(.TTMORE. MO .. JUNE 29oh . JIII.Y ~o lo, l?lh lHOOit$10 l't TMI NATIONAL. IN,OIUIIATION IUIUAU, I11 ,OUJtnt AVl HUl, HI W YOU

1/ntiJ t/ u 1 IIIII' S t 'llttlm 1 11m/ ( "Jt~ff' •'llh'li Jlnml n 11 tht• t :mti'J(tlll·ll"t'lolll t'i lt1ti /,,If,/, "u11 /rt/1~

• '

'

'

Do not look nt the Negro.

His earthly problems are ended.

Instead, look at the seven WHITE ehildren who gaze at this gruesome spectacle.

Is it horror or gloating on the face of the neatly dressed seven-year-old girl on the right?

rs the tiny four·year-old on the left old enough, one wonders, to comprehend the barbarism her elders have perpetrated ?

Rubin Stacy. the Negro, who was lynched at Fott Lauderdale, Florida, on July 19, )935, for 11threatcning and frightening a white woman," suffered PHYSICAL torture for a few short hcwra. But what psychological havoc is being wrought in the minds of the white ehiUJren? Into what kinds of citizens

,

I •

• • will they grow up? What kind of America will they help to make after being'' familiarized with such an inhuman, law-destroying practice aa lynching?

The manacles, too, tell their own story. The Negro wu powerless in the hands of the law, but the law was just as powerleaa to protect him from being lynched. Sir!ce 1922 over one-half the lynched victims have been taken from legal custody. Less than one percent of the lynchers have been punished, and they very lightly. More than 5,000 such instances of lynching have occulTed

"without any punishment whatever, establishing beyond doubt that federal legislation ia necessary, u in the case of kidnapping, to supplement state action.

What, you may ask, can YOU do? In May, 193~, a litibuster in the United States Senate, led by a small group

of senators, most of them from the states with the worst lynching record, succeeded in side-tracking the Costigan-Wagner Anti-Lynching Bill. This bill will be brought up again in the 1936 session of CongreS&

1. Write to your Congressmen and to the two United States Senators from your state urging them to work assiduously and vote for passage of the bill.

2. Get the church, lodge or other fraternal organization, social club, and whatever other groups you belong to to pass resolutions urging Congressmen and Senators from your state to vote for the bill.

3. Write letters to your newspapers and magazines urging their help. 4. Make as generoua a contribution as you can to the organization

which for twenty-live years has fought this evil and which is acting as a coordinating agent of church, labor, fraternal and other groups, with a total membership of 42,000,000, which are working for passage of the CostiganWagner Bill.

N.A.A.C.P.

THE NATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF COLORED PEOPLE

69 Fifth Avenue, New York

69, Fifth Avenue, New York

Here is my contribution of$ . . ... . . . .... for the light against lynching. (

Name .... -----·-------------·---------- ·····-···----------·

Address ............. - ........................... ......................... ..

City-- ---··------ --------·········· ··- _____...___ ___ _ Stat•--··-·-------- --------------·---

- .

. -

, Yay l, 1936

"Do•r llr. 11h1 tea 1 • I

fhM\k yl)(i ver y awcb tor your r•~ort .onf.j'Greenbow4 1or Toledo. I a nry aa that I cud uothin& about it before t.llked you to check on h!;u .

Very alnoerely yours.

I .

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fllo\ltONAl. 0"tCU I

HU•tllil t J. LIJ>t•..._.•

NA TJONAL ASSOCIATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF COL<>RED PEOPLE

IU(U'TtYC Orftet:b

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MOA&O Olf D...arG .. ........... A.,.,,. ..... .......... OW'l lt...-, I ~ .. -- ....... ,..,.,., 0. ....... ~--~ .. 1':.0. ..... Clllalol• ~-=';r,~ ~ f-'~ ...... o.- t..M.~ Ot&ri!M ~ . ,.. w. Jt.7M

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89 F I FTH AVt:NUI!, NllW YORK

A,Pril 20th 1936

Wy dear Wrs. Roosevelt:

........ , .. &M.-Tu r tcu.n.u•

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Here is tbe report you asked me to get on t he letter from James I . Greeahow of Toledo . The writer is Krs . Constance Heali p, wife o f a prominent attorney who is a meaaber of our Nati onal Legal Commi ttee. Wrs . Hesl1p herself is very ac tive 1n local affairs and fo r some year s has conducted a course at tbe University of Toledo .

Ever si nC(! ely 1

'• ,,, Wrs . Eleanor Roosevelt 'l'he Wbi te Bouse Washington, 0. C.

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27th ANNUAL CONFBRENCB. 8Ar.T IMORE. MD. JUNJ! 29th -JIII.Y Sth, l9lb IJIIOO.IID IY' TMI IIIAnoNAL INPCNtM.ATK)fil I U.CAU. Ill r OUI TM A.YDIU[. MIW TOU

IIOftl Jo 1Dflf SmoliN~ Ull rfHf,, .. ~,u,. .-lnwl M "*• COJtl«.,.,.,."«"n AA1i·Lptr4ifll Bill?

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Dear ilal t er -

Mfs. J. S. Heslip 513 Belmont Avenue Toled<l, Oh.J.o

Mr. Jas . I. Greenhow is in unmitigated ass and general nuisance, besides being a trifle dishonest and untruthful. Pay no .attention tq him; tell Mrs. Roosevelt thet matter in whiCh a i s interested is in good hands in Toledo, and that she need not be burdened with this particular local. problem •. •

Greeohow last year was interested in a subsisten~ homestead proJect. Besieged by him, the ~oledo Council of Churches appointed a sponsor committee to work out details of the proJect with Greenhow. As a reluctant membe~ of, however, a cracker-Jack interracial group, I sat in on meetings al l last winter, which of course petered out wi t~the mOI!remlmt itself' in Washington. In the meanti me • was holding weekly meetings with a considerable grou of hopefUl and almost poverty s tricken prospac.tJ. e homesteaders; paying ~· ll'e co~ld not intluence.~·~ersuade or urge him to disillusion and disb~ them. ~ ·

,/ , ..... ~\ Now he is usin~1J'(is oup to rally round him for

a consumers' co-oper ti which is quite a11 right, excep·t for the fac t · the man is muddle-headed -cannot reall y execute, t has an unheard of amount of persistence. \tY d group is taking hold and working towa suc~~co- era tive (Jess and I are s tudying i t!j' ossibi').. ties • Wm. McKnight is legal adviser. Gil nhow i,l; Il2.l4 "spokesman". They are trying to keep . \1~ froJI gumming up the works, and if he would jtr~ de'ilbt·-fi"om his epistolary efforts to the great and near great, some thing good may come from i t for ~ ~ur co~9fity.

It re,~y isn' t worth your time to read all this except ·for/ the f act that the man i s so doggedly and damnedly aetermined he may be writing you yet, and you might as well · know about him.

Sorry, I haven't achieved that t ypewriter yet.

Always sincerely,

Con (Constance Beslip)

113SSAOE SUili!ITTED

IN PEIIOON

To "e Firat Lady ot the United Statee ot America.

llreetinr;:

The group we 'represent has been pleatUng for IDorc thnn tvo years, hoping for fAYorable consideration to eetablish n Homestead colony, Volunteer worlc and service or eYery nature hnYc been rendered gratia by the sponsors or .t he moyement.

Some very outstanding intluenoea haye ondorsett the proposed pr oject.

The council of' Ohurche~ of the City adrlsed the llaco nola tion''• oonani ttee to a ppoint a board or Sponsors, which they did. lie roll owed the Subsi stenoo Homestead sot-up through until it was rnorged with the Reasttlement Bureau trying to aec if we could bo fitt.ed en;nrhere in its pro grAD: I am adrleed by a f"rientl in Secretary Icke' '· Departaent to write directly to llr, TUpell and ho might giYo this r;roup the same consideration that ho gaYe the group in Newport Hews, va., however , I have no11 advised tllis group to pool their li ttlo moans and put on a drive to raise funds for the purpose or estal>lishing a Co-opera tiYe Movement to boo01ae National in scope--tho plans ro•· whi• h , I will, with your penniasion, mail to your secretary.

For the present, we will confine our aotirlties locally and eat'>bliah a Co-operative business consisting or liYillg necessities in proxind.ty to the Rehousin~ diat~ict.

llothod

Firat:-Establiah a forum wher e weekly lectures may be giYen by Nationally known persona i n!'orming t he public concerning the advantages of properly directed co-operatiYe errort.

soeond: - Create a committee to promote entertainoenta or eYery docent nature ; the proceeds or which will be poolett until August or this year at which tiae, a ll active workers will bo nwartlc<l prorata oertitioates or interest to the extent or the entire amount raiaea ot• realized by donations.

Third:-A director's board will be created tree among tho best informed minds .

FourthiThe City l.lanagcr will be requested to help aeoure tho aenioo or a financial adviacr by whoa opinion all business procedure rlll lte r;oYerned. Will you kindly Aay a word eonoerning our efforts if you arprove our aobt tion?

Jlespecttully submitted to Uer Honor,

l.!rs . J'rtmklin D. Ronsovel t . by

Jamoo I Oreenhow, spokesman for the National Co-operatiye Uueineea League

or Toledo

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.. Kay 15, 1936

' Ky dear lolr , White'a

. Krs , Roosevelt asks mo to t hank you tor sending r the resolution adopted by the llnt1on . I[.C.A. convention. She is glad to ow that t h1a action was taken ,

Very sincerely yours ,

llr, lfaltur ~ih.ite 69 Fitth AVOliUe lie" York II . Y,

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Ualvinu T. Scheider Secretary to · llrs . nootovel t

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NATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR THE ·ADVANCEMENT OF COLORED PEOPLE WA&.TU WMnl

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69 "F IFTH A yENUE. NEW YORK

TI.LIP'"ON&1 AI..OONOUIN ..... 38881

May 26th 1956

My dear Mrs . Roosevelt:

( WtLU AII ,1CUMI

OI ,CCTot 0, IIAMCMU

o ... t r. u.,..,. ' llLO UUUUT

C:UIUI H. HOUlTON I PlCU.L COUkUL

JU4111TA E. J ACUOM t~•lClU AUIIUiff tO TMI

UCilt.\ll

I J

aer e is another editorial from a Negro newspaper published in Souta Carolina . I have a l so marKeu two o tner items which V1ill interest you •

.. n<l , fimll l y, you may be interested in s eeing the reply · •• e have m.::.de to Uorah' s 'ca .. rge that Negroes have been "led .. str~>y" by old 6Uard Republicans in opposing his candi-dacy. I

!!: vel;" sine )

Mrs . El eanor Roosevelt The Whi te iiouse l'iashington, IJ . C .

\VII! CTF

Sect·ctary ..

27th ANNUAL CONPI!Ill!NCE. BAr-TIMOR!!. MD .. )UNI! 291h · JULY 5th, 191~ INOOgiO 8Y fHI h1Afi0NAL INP'OIIMATION 8UJtlAU, 215 P'OURTH AVENU(. NEW 'I'ORK

H~J~W do yoMr Sr1Ja1or1 anJ . CongruJmC.tt Jlnml ou 111ft CuJI~·san·lftrguu Awi-1.,-nc/u'"' /Jill~

.I

COPY

J.~"''J.lVi:lllL hb~iJl..J.n.a.lJh rOn .ui.t. nLtv.n.rt<,.~-.,·J. Vr \.OLVr-• .:.JJ r'CIOPLh 69 Pifth !<venue - .New ~ork City

<~~r.y 18' 1936

~y dekr Senator ~orah:

l·e have read your stateoent attirubini your oefeat in the Ohio primnri es to the Negro vote . •,•,hile we understand your oi tterness and uisappointment, 1\e cannot understand t.hy you attribute such tmworthy motives to the ~egro voters •ho opposea your canoiaocy. I t 1$ appat·ent tl\&t , unwittingly, you ha ve fully j ustified the skepticism w1 th \lhich Negro A.li!ricans hove vieweo your as;3iru tions . i

'' Do you, Senator Eorah, thi nk all Negroes so

aumb that they can be led a~y_b~•Old Cuard" Republicans, or. &ny other kiiia? Y say that ~legroes were leo to vote ~sains~ ·Jsoecau o-cal l ed Old O::uar6 f<epublicans had .c9nv ed them at you ... .-ere op,>oseo to the c.nti-~l'(ch bill. Let me make this crystal-clear: rieg 11$ ,.tp/Ohio anCl elsc1.here in the United States v.ere vo ;l.h,{ not for the Ol<i Guard hopublicans but~a&~<,inst\1-eu. '!hey C.i u this no t only oecnuse of you~,-pa~mipat!on in the filibusters in Hll:;, &no 19~ aga1n~,t the 'Dyer end CostJ.&;nn- I',:;.Jner hnti-lyncn~ bills, j ut because your entire record so fer as thv· llegro 4. concerneCI has o;,cn one of aLJJost in~~or~~eQrlsist~nt 'nost111ty to the llerlro ' s ambi tion·s , and'11-hen your ~tti tude r:es no~ characterized by hos~l1ty i t was at best one of:lnoif.'erence

ana.; ~"thy.

· \'-. · .e' ave noteo your persistent c.tteJ:lpts to ;,xplaiil your opposition to tho Cos tiG c.n-·:,~:.;;ner Bill on the ground or "constitutionality" . Again we repeat , neither your nor uny other one L~divic.uol has the right to arrogate to himself the deter~inetton ~s ~ ~nether a bill is constitutional or not. That is the function of ' the Uni ted St~tes ~upreme ~ourt . l n the light or your aavocacy of ana votes l'or mnny m~asures which invaae states ' rights t'ar more than I•Oulu an t~nti-lynching oill, ana 1n view of the numorou's instc.nces in 1 hicn the Oni ted States Supreme Court has oeclareo unconstitutional

. -

•

Bon. lo1ll1am ~>. Borah - 2

measw·es •. hich you have supported, has i t not occurnd to you that perhaps you may t.lso be ,,rong on the constitutionality o t' the <.nti-lynchtng oill? •

Finall y, so far as Negro Americans ere to repeat to you a stntement l'ecently m11de by tho tor, Jay ~·•·cnlcl1a, \.hat 11lt is hard to convince a unconstitutional to save his life." ,

.

I COOC!irne~ 1 I >:i sh pol1L1cal commentaman that 1 t is

Very ttu}y yours,

Bon. n1111um b. Borah United Sthtus Senate \\..shing to.n, u. C.

r

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tA.tL S.tturda'y, "f 1'1, Roosevtlt pvt a party at the White Hou•• for t.ht J"irll coafh'lld in -.he Nat,.. ion.al Ttalnln& .chool. our aid.a. OrdlnariiJ. aocb. a crulou.s a.ct on l:e.r prt,.. or &.r~J otlltr W. Man.ed WOIIIAI) f OT thAt matter, WOI.IId b4 re.IJardod u p•••ln worthy by all ptoplt or ct,~lLure, rtftnemeat •nd undtrst..ndlng. Not 10 In this caa1 blt•tver. TM t.roublt ll, ln, the ttumbrtr ol c{rla enttru.h:ed •~rt ~ eolorect cith. B«ausa of U.t in 101'1\ot J*I"W of tht Soliltb-not.ably Gtorria- a ·C"rtat dul of crltletam hu been made. The In or tht edJt.o·r of tht Oeorl"ia Wo· men't World 'ffU part'Kill•rl)' arouec! a. · abown bJ he:r c:om· ruct. Said abe. .. Witat UU.a ,...,. c:fdut •tahliahM the ma~l'l of all ol ou:r statft now may open up Ultlr bome.e !or the entertain· menlo ot NetTO prlaonort." Of cour ..

1 the lady In lll-r ltatemtnt

waa 1 vlna no eare whawoev.r t.o t~ul race prtJ~adK. clots not t.ftd 1\MU to loslc. oa1p dep.,...•ect emodou .,. ec.n~. Why a pre· codtnt. tn th• ftn:l. p1ac• T Not muy tt.dle:• oeeupy th• Wht te J:lou•• •• lhelr bome, and •lnce whea hu the prlvtt.e home of • mayor Meome comptrtbla to the Wklte Ho ... t

W• clo not bellne Ute aenti•tn\ of \he fair Ed.lt.or of U.a G.orai• Wom•n't World repruentt U.. bttt Nnthntnt. ot Southern women. For It II a fut., lc:DOwa to

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lllulo l , D 36

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Lethr !r0011Walter Ylh1to ( • ~th Avo., N. Y.C. soot to Mr. Chao . W ~~or, With noto: "Deor Ur. Wost -Tbia does loo,~ike evaaion - What 1e the explanation?" l . R.

•

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Ate• and •• &lod. to • •• 1 t.

~. r al\or l bi\ o "J'iftb .......... ... Tol"k. liiiiW Tort

llalTi m T, SObAiidor Soontary to atra . Roo .. ••lt.

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COWAfltO ... CO.TIOAN COU>......,

My door Mra. Rooaovel~r

WASHINGTON, D. C.

22 Nay 191!6

It w.a a Joy ~ have had lha~ in~reating telephone conversation with you o tow llinutea ago. (. (

Htro ia Ule edi ~rial fro:11 the Baltl.lllore Afdo-AmorioM I tqld you about.

And bore is copy of a new leaflet wbieh reached b7 11411 Ulia aorniq each member or the Houee and Senete, caeobera ot t.be Cabinet.,

and about two h•mdred or the !feohing~n correspondents who have 1ncUcoted their int.oreat in the anli-l)'nehi.ng bill.

l!ay I again expraaa "'¥ "arm thanlce tor your pr011p~ offer of ald in correcting tho erroneous iaprouion being circulated in tho Houaa aa to the Proaidon~'• attitude on tbe an~i-lynching bill.

lli th cordial personal greetings to you and the President,

I""'

Sillce~

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,

Jun.l 41 19.36

Uy ctear ~r. White•

Urs. Rooae velt rMd your letter •.e rorc she lert ""d asked me t o tell you thbt she was sorry t hat she had to l e..ve this aorning not to be bbck until the ::5th or June. Sile th1nks the synopsis o f the tl.W 111-1nterest1nt~o but reels tbt:.t the Pros1dMt ,;ould .o t have tlme t o see i t UJotil lifter Congress udJour ns. She could huve it shown bet•e next di'lter, but re~Q-izes that that would no t help t his session.

Very sincerel y yours,

llr· 1falter IIU. te 69 Ftrtb Aveone Hew York II.Y.

Ualvina T· Scheider Secre t a r y to !Irs. RooseveJ. t

I (

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Mo\YIOHAL OffiCERS

f'IUIOliU J. l: 5f'oMUIII

NATIONAL ASSOCIATION1 FOR THE

ADVANCEMENT OF COLORED REOPLE WA.t.ftl Wwn i

RO'f WILII"I

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69 FIFTH AVENU E. NEW YORK AIIUTAWT lltl _l'f,ll'f

OtfidaJ Ora:an: TM CriJ4 OI .. C"TOI Of' ···'-"'"" /~ t•J DAliT E. U l f'l(lll

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une 1st ·· !' Yi It' ~ ' 1936 .I~J;}' .• •{ . ~,,.·I . ~ .r!,' f /~ ) J

\ Jj '/.:J.Y 1 t I .j"' .u\tl ~ f• ( I "JY • ~ J.ly O:ear l.lrs . Roosevel.t · ,..·.JPJ'. ~~~t ( ~··,Ill) t ,P'/' ~~IV'

'fhank you f or your t"elegilfrn .elil ., \'/%tf ,( J {f / I• • · ; ~· ' ~-~'i I ' I "/ o. (

l note in your column in today's orl d-lelegra · tht,t you are back in '•\ashington. I shall oe ther e 1uesday morning.

i:let·e is the synopsis of the f ilm, "fury" . carefully steers away from propaga.ncia but is a exciting and effective presentation.

It most

This probably will seem 11lce a hare- brained scheme but 1 want to place it before you f or consideration anyhow. r.tetro-Golowyn -i.tayer have told me that they will at·r ange for a showing of the f ilm for you at any time ana place you wish . I t occurreo t o me .that if you and the !'resi den t were able and willing t o invite a few of the leaders of the fight in the Senate &nd House f or consideration of~e <-ostigan- hagner bill ana tbe Van Nuys resolu t ion t o the l.hite nouse one evening thi s week , or oefore Congress adjourns, t o see the film with you, t here might arise out of this the stimulation to see that somethin~ i s cione oefot·e Congress ao journs.

I shall be staying at the ~ooge . Ho tel. Shoula you wi sb me to come in to talk this over l'.i t h you ana to tell you more about the picture, 1 shall be at your command.

Fave you, incidento.lly, seen the news o i 'spa t ches f rom L.etroit that every time there i s a lynching at least 300 new recruits joined the Black L~gion? Another news story tells of a letter writ ten t o Prosecutor ... c<-rea in Deti.·oit that l ynchings have been purposely staged by the alack Legion to stimulate rec>·ui t ing. According to this let t er,

27th ANNUAL CONFI!RI!NCE. BALTIMORE, MO .. JUNE ~911• . JUEY S•h. 1 9J~ l NOOQ'D IT THI HATtOHAL INI'OJt•ATION •UR&,\U, liS 'OUJtTH AY!"UE. HtW TOitJ(

Ha. J.o rour S('naiOTI anJ Congr~-IIIRM stmu/ on ''·~ Cos,isan-lfnJIII!T Allff.J.Jm.'llill' Bill?

..

I .~ - itrs. hoose vel t 6/1/36

white men have blacked their faces , 11ttaokec. v.omen Wid then the fil·st hapless Negro who came by was seized and lynchea. how true this i s , >~e have no VI&Y ot knowing, but it i s well within the t·ange ot possib111 ty 1 horrible as it is.

•

Ill'S. ~:.leanol' 1\oosevelt The \'.h i te House ~ashington, D. C •

•

.... ;t..'J.F

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~ --From Me t ro-Go ld wyn-Mayer 1540 Broadway,N.Y.c.

\

FURY

and

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THE 111ER1 OAll PROBLEll OF LYNCHING

Cinematic r ealism i s of two kinde: statistical and symbolic. SOci al problems cannot be translated into any artistic medium without automatically raising the question of ar t as propaganda, Essentially Ustro-Coldwyn-llayer•s 'Fury• is the story of an attempted lynching, Insof ar as the story involves the practice of lynchi ng, i ts details are patterned after countless hundreds of tYPical outlines whi oh have diefi gured the eooial scene i n broad areas of the Un1 ted States in the past half century, But statistics ~ake only the baldest eort of drama. W1 th equal fidelity, "Fury" 1e the a tory of the p&oJ:>lB who were involved in this par ticula r lynching. Therefore the main current of tho picture is a statistically accurate analysi s of a lynching while the stories of the indiVidualities involved are t ransla t i ons of these effec ts into personal symbols. It is i mpossible to hoist a slogan on the s creen a nd await an effect on the audience; but when the audience can i dentify itself With living persona subjected to a recognized pattern of force and circumstance - the resultant e f fect i a the most that art oan yield i n a conatructi ve eoci al eeneo,

Norma lrasna• s book p r esents lynching as a social problem i n tense dramatic terms. The victim of th~ lynching is

(moro)

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Joe Wilson, pl~yed by Spencer Tracy as a tYPical American, hard-working I

bright, decent . In choosing a white man, Xraana eliminated many

fnotore which compl icate the tigh t against lynching in ita inter-racial

aapeota. The uee ot a white man ia faithful to taot - tully a~ of

nl l. lyn'oh victims have been 11hi te - and stripe the otory to essential a

lees cumbe rsOI!Ie to present 11i thin eatabli shed Hmi to. Thi1e is in

itoelf an important contribution to the impact ot the story for it

exp~~ds the subject; tho audience identifies itself with Joe Wilson and

approo1atos tho kernel of hie bitter experience: it is not anything

about Joe Wilson that brought the tragedy about, it might have happened

to a~yone , In other words, while law and order follow a principle ot

cause and effect called Justice, lawlseeneoe etrikeo without any

reason, in blindness and fury, As the District Attorney otatea,

A.'llerica 11i tnessos one lynching every th ree days . Tl!e occurrence must

therefore be vi 011ed aa an established. custom, not as a mere accident,

That is why an average town io chosen ae the locale. Thio is the

reverse aide ot the same pr.oposition : not only the lynched. Victim but

the l ynchers themselves are typical peopl e, you and I.

We follow Joe Wilson and Ka therine Grant

(Sylvie Sidney) through a year of normal life and. fami liar problems. -They are arranging to be married, Joe is on his way to meet hie

beloved, lll ia serene ae a summer morning, the roads ere rich and

vcrd~~t, it ia a day tor living. Suddenly the black barrels of a

rifle in the hands of a half-w1 t interrupt the trip, Joe i!l stopped

by •Bugs• Ueyere (~alter Brennan) whose idiot face and drooling j aw

are our first impreesion of all that is to follow. Joe is arrested, . ,

He la aocused ot a kidnapping, He ie taken to the office of the

Shariff (Edw~rd Ellie), There he is unable to account !or his time.

(more)

-3-

He has spent it travelling, He has no alibi because he has been making

the sort of trip everybody makes, What is tho evidence against him?

Tho ransom note was found to contain salt from salted peanuts and Joe

haa salted peanuts with him, He is coming down a aide road becaueo he

has time to finiah hie trip - but tho auapoota &re ekulking down oido

roada. Finally there 1a the crushing coincidence that he baa a bill

that contain& the numbers of one of t he ranaom bills, a five dollar

bill picked up somewhere along t he road. Anyone might have c.oqulred

such a bill in covering a route followed by the kidnappers, The

ctrcumetantial evidence is slender but it warrante the Sheriff• a

holding Joe for investigation, Joe is taken to a cell, Aa he leaves

hie dog Rainbow, he takes leave of all that ie dear to him, He is

not allowed to call his brothers, He ia no longer Joo Wiluon ae the

doors clang behind him- he is the SUspect,

Here is the setting for a lynchi ng. The

Suepect is in the County Jail, fhe Sheriff is following the couroe of

hie duties. Already the situation ie tense and horrible. One ceases

to be a free American, We who know Joe•e innocence are locked cway

with him, It is the dungeon against which we rebel . We leave Joe as

he shouts for attention, for permi ssion to oal l hie bro ther, for

Jueti ce,

We go t o a barber ohop, Shapeless and

cbaracterleee behind their lather, the town banker and others are

dVoussing thu kidnappi!IS· 1Buge• comes in bursUng with hie a tory,

A SUspect has been taken. Tho cvldcnoo ie bad - he is •one of the

kidnappere. •

tragi o- com! c

Everyone ia electrified. Tho barber is etar t)Ad

oequenoe - he goes into a half-mad dialogue a£out

into a

the

impulse to kil l , Here again is a hint ~t madnees , When we first

(more)

..

...

t encountered it in •Bugs,• the halt-wit wae armed with a rifle; now tho

barber w1clde a dangeroua razor. We are aubjcoted to a ahort tenee

eenoe o! menace. It paseee. The barber calla hia wife.. He

<'XU(;i oratco tho story 0Bugao hao told, lleantime the ouetomere ha•to

f l on t~o shop , lather and all, half in !oar of the eccentric barber,

half 1 n ox;oi ~llmont over t he suspect.

We follo·• the goesi p as 1 t p!lsaes from tongue

to ton(!'Ue, froru home to hor.~e and along the str~ete. 'lie see 1 t mount

in the aarket. The flashes speed up, the mouths move faster.

rinally we eoe the cackling of geeoe. 'nle t,!llk ia no longer eenoi blo

human talk, \lu out to a barroom. won are talking aingly and in

~roupo . The moat vociferous circle io the rowdy mob at one end of the

bar whoee criminal character io concentrated in ita leader, Kirby

D~woon (Bruoll Cabot) . Dawson wante action. The more atablc citizone

aro already a.g1 tat ad. They are not yet read,y.' however 1 to igno:e t he

a u t!lor1 ty of law w~i ch hae but 11 ttle reaU ty for oawoon. They decide

to get J!IOre fo.ota . Dawson goee with a delegation to vial t the Shariff,

The Rheriff deaies their right to question him. He tells them

truthfully that there ia very little taot tor him to judge by, that

he ie awaiting a check of the few auepioioue circumstances that eeom

to involve Joe ~ilson in the kidnapping. He io tiro and dignified,

He ApPeases the group - all exo~~t Kirby Dawson. Kirby stays after

tho othoro go, To him, the Law ie ito~lf ouepcot. He wants the '

lowdown , hc.truoto nobody, thu Sheriff ie hie an oi~nt enemy anyway,

Only a vigorous t hreat by the Sheriff eunde him acu.rrying, with

1noreaeed l ust for t rouble. A stone comes through the window.

Oloee-up, the Sheriff' a face is deeply wrinkled.

We follow them all back to the aaloon. LiQuor

(more)

•

flows freely. Kirby Dawson ie supported by a clique which io ever

ready for sprti eo against the law. An itinerant otrlkebreaker sees

eye-to-eye wl th them. He challenges the crowd. •Bugs" is brought

back and plied with liquor, In hie simplicity, he tello the truth but

tells H in ouoh form that Dawson i s able to ocue from 1 t facts 1vhioh

the Sheri ff had not spoken. •The Sheriff i o a liarl • '11\e last straw,

One lie may conceal many, An adolescent jumps to a barrel- 0 Let 1 a

have some fun!" '11\e mob surges from the saloon. A.o it oomco out tho

door, blind, ohaotio, anarchic, a Negro youth ducks out of ita path

a subtle masterful touch.

Our anxi ety ie plaY,cd on a triple front . '110

arc with Joe Wilson in hie ooll ao ho clamors for attention agains t

stool bare and stone walla and deaf ears. We arc with the mob in ito

reckless frenzy, and with tho Sheriff in hie brav~ front against i t,

At the swnc time, ·~ arc watching Katherine grow rcotlcoo at Sycamore

Corners- ( ayeamorca are ouch simple peaceful trcoa)- bccauoe Joe ie

so l ato. Finally all thrc~ threads arc woven tog~~hcr. Kathorino

hears goooip on the hi ghway. Threats of the lynching have been

flashed to t he press. cameramen speed by. She walks, she rune toward

the jail at strand. Ni ght is coming. The crc11d approaches the jai~

with blaring bMda. '11\e Sheriff has communicated IVi th the Governor.

Troops are promised.

We p~uoe to see why the troops do n~t arrive ,

The Governor is conferring with t he political bose. The troops will

not be sent. To eend t roops would insult the town - troops must not v

be used against citi zens by a party tha t hopes for their vctoe.

Moreover, to o~nd troops 1o to admi t that the foreco of law and order

have failed. Tho Governor lacks tho etrength of oharactor to ~<ake

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I

such a d~cision, (Following many l ynchings Wi·thin the past few yea r s ,

sever al Governors have issued precisely these explanations for ' their

fai lure to send adequate protection to the danger zone, )

As we return to t he j ail we no longer see

indivr duale threatening it, The Sheriff faces a new being, a monster

the Mob, He speaks to it, He is jeer ed. He spoake again. A tomato

s trikes him, Some of his d~>puties desert, \Vomen and childr~n join

the ~~b . To some, i t is a hideous sort of oarnival, Some of the

women oarry babi cs - hold them up to sec the spectacl e, (This. s cene

is a duplicate of a drawing by Reginald uarsh .) The Sheriff ie

compelled to withdraw within the jail, The door s aro barr~d. A.

battering ram manned by Ki rby Dawson and his, cronics is used to smash

the doors. Tho Sheriff struggles against time. He has been promised

troops, His fight -is futile, But he d,oes not know it. !lor does the

Mob . Al l defense is downed. Tne Sheriff is slugged. The Mob rushes

the cell blocks, The t ur'nkey has thrown the keys within the gates.

They oan•t be reached, The dog Rainbow jumps through the bars and

.races to Joe ·.rilson • s cell. Joe is frantic . He wants tO' talk to them,

But the l!Ob g1 vee up. They oan• t waste time wrecking the bars, Troops

might atrive, They l eave the jail and act fire to 1~. Katherine

comes into Strand just ae the flames begin to sputter, She 11alke

througjl a deserted square, across a park mott l ed wi th shadows of tho

flames. There is the Uob, quiet, awfully quiet , watching the fire.

Joe i e eurroundad by flames . He oomes to the

Window, He ie being burned - hi e hands grapple with the bars. One

atone hi t s him, another , many, He is forced away from the wi ndow, 1 back in t o the f l ame and amoke, Katherine faints away, An elderl y

woman sinks to her knc~s in pray~r. A false rumor i e shouted by a

child that the ·troops are a rriving. The orowd runs . Dawson• e pal s

(more)

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and the strik&-breaker will not be depr1 ved of their prey- they throw

sticks of dyna.~<~ite into the burning prison, There is a loup blaot,

T!'.e ly~ching is over.

In Chicago, we find Joe• a brothero brooding

over their loso. Their reaction is unformed, their grief is aloost

grotesQue. such tragedy is senseless, they cannot accept it, the~

fumble with it, They make a wild decision to invade Strand, to llipo

it out , to av.Jnge their loss. Just then a Sho.dow appears. "Stop it! n

Ho speaks a momunt b~forc we can see him, It is the aombro voioo of

Roaurreotion, It 18 Joe. The explosion opened the gat~s of hie ooll,

But 1t Jdllcd t he dog Rainbow- (Lang must have loved that syobol,

nothing could better express the senseless fury.) Joe caoe down tho

side of a drainpipe, burn.Jd a~ay half tho skin of his arm and side to

got away. Hie taco and tho carr iago of hie body arc laden with memory

of horror. To 1111 in ton ts, Joe Wilson i 8 deqi:l. 'Nc are Toady for what

follows. I,t is no lonaur Joe 8peaking. All of ~that we knew buforu

has pcrishcd in th'o tlamc8< '!'his that survives is the conscience of

our own beating toinds, the resolute hunger tor vengeance after

unc?nscionable betrayal, In en ordinary dramatic scene, we would

rooent such a character. But all that has gone before justifies him,

Even if we cannot join him in his lust for rev~nge, we can underotand

ito drive and aympathi ze.

Hie plan is diabolical. He will bring the whole

town to Justice, He hao oe ,·n neworeelo which identify tho leaders of

the mob, The brothero must join him, They do,

Wo oomo to tho courtroom. The Dietri ot Attorney

(Walter Abel ) oharoo With Joe Wilson whom ho hao nev~r mot the

ncooasity for v~ngeanoo. Joe has boon wronged brutally so an

(moN)

I

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individual but the Oletrlct Attorney bcepcake the outrage of law and

eocivty, Hie nttnc!< is upon tho whole 1"not1 tution of lynching, He

oi too usu;oo, Then he cnlls hi e witncee~s . I

\That 1 o tho dotonac? The defense 1e none.

rho Ocfe~ae At torney (Jonathan Hale) reliea on a compact of eecreoy,

Twenty- two dafcnda~'te named in the l.ndi otment are nli bi ad by dozens of

townspeople, 1Shame and diograc~ have seized the community- not

r~moroc, They are al l on trial in a aene~. Not one word ot truth oan

o~orgo. Ev~n the Sheriff lice, though hie pain 1o evident. The oyoe

of America a re on the scone. Tho proae 1e there, camerae !lash ovory

inotant. The Judge 1noieto on a !air o.nd ad~uate trial.' This 1&

1moortant in the stor y. Juatioo must be restored to r~a11ty afte r

1njuetic~ hae been so strongly projootlld, 'lfhcn the townspeople pack

t ho courtroom and one or t"o become un ruly, the Judge ~mpoaoa rapid

penalties. I n two crisp aentenoee, he oatnbliehea for 1,1a again the

dianity and auoterity of Law when he expl~ina that lynching ia murder

and that murder ia a supreme teat of aooial order.

The hands of a clock spin, dozens of ~itnessea

have told the same falsehoods. We are flashed to the last of them,

The twenty- two indicted lynchers are smirking as their alibis -

brazen, ohocking, so far-fetched that they shnke their own heads in

deni al and unbelief- are taken into evidence, The oefenao Attorney,

sloating over the failure of tht state to damag~ hie clients, moves I

for diomiooal . CCl oaeal vanity- a stray bit of flatt~r y in hie

doeo ription of hie cliento makoe th~m pr ~llnJ Her~ tho Dietriot

Attorney playa hie trump card. In half o. dozen e~ntcnece he tolls tho

story of lynohins. He adds dramatic zeot to the rocital of fact aa

ho olarifi~s tho crucial d1fforonoo botwoon this l ynching and others:

(more)

l . .

) her~ a whole co~unity is in the toile of tho la~; perhaps for tho

J first time, a lynching can bo signally punished. The victim was innocent.-- tho actual kidnappers hav<J boon captured and they oontoeeod, From this trial can stem renewed security for the whole land, We are ohown the !aces of the jurors. They have been rather noncocmi ttal but

' . 11e see them grow sober, acquire dignity, feel the burden of their duty, llewer.:!els aro~ allow<Jd into evidence. The

newe~e<Jlo used aro in themeolv<Je maot<lrpi~cos of r cali om. Stop-aot1on shots pick out one after another of the defendants in the moment of their worst iniQuity, Kirby Dal7son operating th<l battering-ram, spilling gasol ino on the pfl od up sticks about the jail; a woman tossing th~ firs~ brand into the pyro, mouth wide opon in fiendieh glee. Firemen try to atop the blaze - others of the defendants are ohown fighting t he fi remen, cutting the hose. Sheer frenzy in every face: We had witneosed the lynching before when we sao the jail burn, ~>hen we sa~> the explosion. But Lang has not exhausted hie theme, The newsreel camera pioko out individual acts, details of personal •71okedneaa. Jhen we stood outside the jail, we wcr<? ehown faceo , clotted , de/ffaved, oilent. Now in t,llo courtroom, tho lynchers are more deeply .:~tohed, the depravity ot each in hie 0110 terms. we intensify our former horror. Ne·.vspapermen rush for tho phone. The ncar~st reporter is a ChinQOO, Tho whole world waite. A montage of headlines spews from th.:~ mouthpiece of a phone.

Lang has told hie story. From this point on , statistical generalizations cease. Now hie story r everts to tho individuals who bore the pr~eaurc of the thomo, From this point on the climaxeo arc ln the ao ule of the charaotero, not in ooc1a1 orisia, The lynching has been presented; it has been sucked dry of dramatic content. Lang can go on to projeot the effects on each of his

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ohnrnct ere.

Katherine takes the witness stand. As she 1

deaori b<>~ heraulf e:na her love of Joe Wilso n , one of tho women among I

tho indi otod lynchers shudders . She mov es her lips si l ently,

t ransfixed: "they '"'"' abOut t"'o be marri ed!" Here is the f11rs t break , I

the f irst twtnge of humanenes s awakeni ng among those cowering twenty-

t wo . We are shown all theii> faces. Their hands fumble with t hei r '--"'

collars, they stare at Katherine, their tongues move over dry lips,

\fhat is Kat herine saying? "He liked blu e neckties . I made a lunoh

of things he liked to cat. I reminded t he pri est tha t we woqld como

at four •. . , " The l yncher s ha ve ceased to be a mob . Joo Wilson has

bocomc a Man again. The di ffcronco bi tee i nto t hem,

Joe r a broth ore ar~ breaking under the a train.

Whose is tho F\lry no1v, Joe ' s or tho Mob ' s? The crux of t ho whole

t ria l is now to prove t ha t J oe Wilson i s dead. They appeal to hi m,

Ho is demonic, His plan is bcari ng fruit, now is t he harves t- time fo !' •

hi s triumph. No nppeal wor ke . We a re thrust back i nto t he courtroom,

The judge has r ece1v.ed a ring, Kather ine ' a r ing, part l y melted. It

1 a i n an anonymous letter. The ~<ri te r presents it aa a souveni r tll.ken

from the debri a of the burned j ai 1. If the ring is Joe ' a, as Kathcrin~

can testify, the case is cinched, She rises to go to the stand. A

word in t he anonymous lett~r catches h er eye. She ia cleotri f1 ed. It

is a word Joe has always misapol l od. A l cttor from the g r ave! She i s

t r oubled, shu hesitates as she t estifies. It mak~a the testimony more

effect! ve, The ring was her mother ' a. She gave 1 t to J oe. The

details of simple l ove once more th rob With breath. The woman whom

we have been watching among the lynchers suddenly, breaks. She screamc

a tortured confession, Ae she ia l ed off, she wails her guilt louder

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and louder. Tho jury jumps to ita feet. The Diatriot Attorney pointe

a t the door t ha t hao closed behind her. 1 There is your anewerl •

· Joe Wilaon is eating voraciouoly in a bare

room. His bro thers are at a breaking-point . They atarnrnor an appeal . I

J oe ~ilaon rages . Hie victory is being challenged. Tho brothers

g row mor~ and mer~ unruly under tho otrcaa or their contrition. Joe

draws a gun. "If you ahoot him, you muot shoot oe, tool 1 Suddenly,

Kathe rine appoare behind him. suspicion was too much, eho had

fol lowed tho broth~ra . Now Joe muot ohooeo. He can go on with his

plan for the legal vengeance against tho ·lyncher s . But i f ho does ,

he outlaws himself, the l ife he haa known ends, he is dead. He must

yield even Katherine if he is to have hie way. He chooses

unhesitatingly, insanely. He cuts himself off from life and love. He

bursts from the room.

Film soliloquies are dangerous. IVe enter a

sequence in which Joe ' s spiri t , the poor, mad wounded spirit,

constantl y a ttended by wisps and wraiths of smoke from t ho flames he

survived, must undergo the new a gony, the f ir e of conscionoo. Uuei c

marks tho score. First in a cafe, couples dancing, jolly Bavarian

musicians. Joe is alone among empty t ables . It is irksome. "'He

leaves hurri edly. EV~n the drink he wants is not tber~ - another Lang

symbol, He stope bofor o a furn iturv otoro Wlndow. It is tho sort of

bedroom he and Katheri ne had planned, He hoara he r voice. Ho whirl s,

ho i s al one. Across tho stree t t horo is tho sound of loud mus i c and

crowds. He opens tho door , i t is an empty bar. The r evelry oomea

from a radio behind a bar. A Negro serves him with simple kindliness,

lUdnight. The bartender tears two pages from the calendar &ccidentall}"

·- a day is killed. Joe is shaken. He rune from t he bar. On the

st reet, he must turn asi de to a void a policeman. The ,window he turns

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t o ie !" tlor i e t •e , It ia ful l of flowers . 'l'Hey 1are lilies, (The

liliee qf death! ) About him an eerie muei oal discord conjures forth

the f aces of tho tiTenty- two peopl e ilo ie ki l lin ~, He walks away from

them, h e rune, The camera shows onl y an open street, patches of ligh t

and shade, The camera moves eiowly, dips as wh e,n one walks, suddenly

breaks pace, as when one star ts to run . Then races , The music I

mounts, the oroheatrati on strikes unbearable crescendoes . The whole

world explodes with sound, Joe burets into hie room, Hie agony' io

at its peak, The room he l eft, be now r ushee to ae a refuge, 'l;.ho '

people l;lc abandoned, h ;~ now calla, The light he had h'ated, he now

aiTi tchoe on, "Katherine , don ' t l eave me alone! 11

court , The jury brings in 1 ts verdict . A

final climax as t bc bailiff roads, One , not gui l ty , Two, not guilty,

Th'On·, w1 th tho deadly monotony of a machi no gun - four, guilty; fi vo,

gui l ty; six, guilty, Tho strain is too muoh, Al l the lynchers r ise,

"Oet it ov~r with! Kill uel • Kirby Dawson i s stil l Ki.rby Dawson.

He bursts from the enc l osur e. H~ rune for the door , He freezes ,

There stands Joe fi1leon, Joe marches down t he ais l e . 11! am Joe

lVi laonl • It ie a transfigured Joe, He is himsel f again. He i e not

the flame of consci ence any l onger , Hie appearance to eave hie

l ynchers 1e his atonement, He epe~ka . of what has become of him, What

~as ki lled in him, Even aa he i s restored to s ense and ennobled by

eacrifi oc, Lang takes a parting shot at the lynchers . The faces smirk,

Thei r tension evaporates, What has i t meant to t hem, this tragio

episode? Lang acoma ~o keep hie tongue in hie ch~ck as he f l ashes

t ho1 r r elief, Joe and Katherine reach out to each othe r ,

By actual measurement, the lynching and t ho

court acquenoea aru throe-Quarters of tho picture, Tho opening

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scquorccs gi vo us tho person all ties, tho main curr<lnt s~>eepo them into I the lynching and then into the courtroom, The soliloquy of Joe brings

us baok again to individuals. The climaxes in the explosion of the jail, the confession of the woman lyncher are a neoeesary part of an understanding of lynch lp.w. The final climax in the eo ul of Joe

I ;flleon 1a another probleo altogether, the prl vate sol uti on of a moral conoequence. In some ways, it is tho opi r1 tual ori s1 s of the whole film. ',lore this s equonoo lacking, "FUry• might bo too traotartan,

•

I .

J MATIOHAL O,rtC:lRS

, . ._..""' J c . ...... ~ ..



O.lC.UfiYl Ofrtc:LRJ

Wt ltU WMl1(

ltOY WIUJJII ~ktiiii.U. Or flU I OAIO

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I!SI FIFTH AVI!NUE, NEW YORK Ufllf U l llCUfl,.l

TU.I ..WOHi t A L.oqNCNIN 4 ~158 1

nu.e u c••n • 'l' CIUtl U H. HOIIIlO"

IPtCI.\1. COI.IIIIll.

JUt.llfTt [. J .\CO OM • l f't:Cu..L AMitl tllt TO f ill

n (_•n u r

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~. ' Cy dear Yrs. Roosevelt :

1 t you will let me know· the date when you want "fury" shown a t the White House I will pass tbe word ul ong to Metro-uoldwyn-~ayer so that tbey. can arrange for lhe showing .

Y6u will be interes ted to know that the film hus had an enthusiastic ~eception here in 1'1 e11 lork nnd has been held over for a second week at the Capitol Theatre.

ever sincerel y,

Mrs. Eleanor hoosevelt The \',bi t e House Washington, D. c.

·~~~ : C'XF

'ab&jt.'f.«,,.tz{d:.c.....; _ Secretary. "

' J -

27th ANNUAL CONPBRENCE. 81\I.TIMORI!. MO. JIINI! l9oh . JUI.Y Soh, 1936 lfltoon.rD 8 Y THIIUTIOMAliMroRIIATIOff a UalAU, lit ' 0UI TM AYlJtUl.lfllf YOitK

HrM ~o y<Mr $1-ttttiN~ uG Congu.JJuttll Mt~11.J. M 1A~ t uJli&un-P•gHt r Anli-I.MdU., Bill?

I I

r

JUDo •. 193&

~ doa:r Mr. lhito:

wn. Aooaenlt r.lad rour letter boto:ro abo loft and ulcod me to toll you that aha wu aonoy that she bod to lena thlo morning not to be baclc until tho 2~th ot JUDo . She tblnko the oynopolo ot tho tll.al lo lnte:rootlng, but tools that the Prooldont would not hoYo tlmo to ••• It until atto:r COogruo adjoumo. Sbo could b.a'fe 1t abown bere next winter, but :reallzea that that wculd, not bolp thlo oooolon.

Very elncerel.y youra,

11:1'. 'ilal te r 'ilh1 to, &g Flttb AYODUO Ro• Yorlc

• 11 .. YoJ1<

l&blna '1'. Scheider Seoret.a ry to Kns .. Jb088't'tl t

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...


APVANCEMENT OF COLORED PEOPLE

89 F IFTH A VENUE, NEW YO RK

T I LI ,-MOfU ALOOHO\II,. A 1!00 1

oo June 19: 19='~6

I

Uy dear Mr s . Roosevel t:

III CUTIVf Of'YfC:l ltS

WU U I W11111

Aof WtU1.U

....., ••• ••c e:n A.-r Wl'uu PKnat

OlJ:C~TOI 0, . II.U CIIIU

0AitT I. I..A,II, IIIi riCLO U CI CT U T

Oltu t.u H. Ko:o:~no• IH(IAI. COU .. lt.

JIIU •If4 L JACOO.ll

I#ICIU AI I !OU• T TO TMI UCIIt.,,a 'l'

A committee has been au thorized

by our Board of Directors to present to the

Resolutions Coll1l!lit t ee or the DelDOC rAtic

National Convention next week the enclosed

planks, which ore i denticd w1 th t he document

presented to the Republ i can N&tJonal Convention .

We wnnted you to b e informe~ &bout

thi s, for Y.e reel confident the t th 1 ~ plee v:ill

have your

Yrs . Franklin D. Roosevel t I be V.b1te Bouse Wa shington , D. C.

WW/RR

l~th ANNIIAr. CONPBRI!NCB. BAf.TIMORB. MD .. JU NI\ l9oh. Jll i.Y Soh, 1916

tMDOitSIO I Y' THI MATIOK4L I.NIOttlltATto• I UICAU. J.lS r OURTH AVPUC. NIW tOIUC

1/0111 Jo ft*f S<:ml1011 •~I (."wet.t~IWon•'ft 1-l.r.nJ eM t4f" Col:tli f.U Jl'~,_,., . (p11 l ,llt I,·,._ Bill?

-

•

•

•

To the Democratic National Convention, convenin& at Philadelphia, Pa., June 23, 1936:

On behalf of twelve million Amer i can llegrooA, the JJa.tional

Aeeooiation for tho Advanceoent of Colorod People rnapcctfully urres

inclu&ion. in the plntforms of the Republican and no-,ocrntic Pa.rtioa

o! planlts dealing with issues of vital coucnt to :le!n'o Al.ie>·icano and

to the country at largo, in substantially the form ao given below .

It is unnoceaenr y for 11B to ~ive a lengthy otatemont of

tho reasons why it is imperative that more specific notion aoould

be takon to end tho negation of dooocracy which 18 :.:oprest'Tlted by

lynching, disfranchisement, denial of economic and educational

justice , and the ruthlooo ovcrr1d1n8 in many courtA or law of tho

legal rights of AJnorioans becaueo they happen to bo members of tho Nogro

Lynchings continuo to disgrace ~~erica , There has been

an alarming tcndoncy during recent yoare towards inorco.eo of

this loathsome practice . Lynchings have broken out in nll occtiona

of the country , and white Atlericnne ne woll a s l! e(!ro A•no:r i ce.n(l have

- boon nUJnb.,:rcd Mlong the victir.tG e.a ie to be seen in the k1llingG

by the Black LC{; ion in iliobigan . Since 1882 tbc:rc have beer. 5, 099

•

- a -

recorded lynchings in t he United States. During 1935 thoro wore

twcnty-f.ivc known lynchings and one hundred and two additbnal I

instances of nar r o.vl y averted lynchings, which , in showing the --...._ I

pr ceoncc of tho mob spirit, are considered 1by_ students of the

problem to oo equally eorioua with consummated l ynching o, Gi nco in

moat inotances of averted lynchings fortuitous cir<;umstances alone

caused t he threa tened lynching to be unconsummated. From January

1 to May 18, 1936 thsro have been s ix lynchings - three within the

six 9-ays of April 28 - May 3 - imd fifteen narrowly averted ones .

The Senate f ilibuate;· of April-May , 1935, against the

Cont1F;an-Wagne r federal anti-lynching bil l has been a not orious

example of how the lynching epi r.i t han invaded the hello of Congress.

The refusal by the f i l i busterers· to permit a vote upon the mot ion to

cons ider tho bill has rightly been termed a lynching of the bill

dieigned to. atop r.tob murder .

Added to 1 ynching , the mos t dramatic maniiestu t i on of ruce

prejudice, heo been discrimination in Federal and State work and

other relief on the part of loca l admi ni etr a t ora; d i scriminn ti.,n by

contractors , holding f ederal contract s , against qualified Negro

workel·s; conti nuance of diofranch i aement in cer tain southern states

in utter disregard of the clear provisirms of the federal consti

tution ; misfeasance , i f not mal feasance , in the expenditure of feder a l

mon.eya for education; and other forms of d i norimination based u]'Jon

color ,

The l oyalty of the Negr o to American institut i an s und to

th,e Amerioan form of Government has ri@:htly been praised upon

numerous occasion s . But continued diocri mination and bru tality

directed a gainst t he Negr o ar~ creating j u ot ifiablb resentment and

.,

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dioeotisfaction with condit i ons as they are. There are swift, deep

currento of unrest among Negro Americana which it would .bo wel l for

' political and other leaders of America to rcco~izo.

we, therefore , urge vigorously tho inclusion of tho

following planks in the party plat!ormo:

I .

We unequivocal ly pledge ourselves to passage ~t the earliest

time posnible of federal legislation against lynching and o~orcc

ment of that l egislation after ft has ~on enacted i nto l nw.

II.

We pledge ourselves to tho aboliehnnnt, nherever it ~ay

exist, of discril~ination against the Negro in the apportionment of

relief.

III.•

We pledge oursel ves againot discrimination in ecployment

on all projects financed, i n whole or i n part,· by federal funds ;

and we furth er urge upon the Congrone the pasoage of legislation,

to which we pledge our support, specifically prohibiting , with

appropria t e penalties, discrimi nat i on in emplo~ment on such projects,

based on race, creed or color .

IV ,

We advocate that Oongroos enforce tho Four teenth nnd

Fifteenth Amendments and take whatever steps are necessary to end

diet/anch1sement of Negro Americans even t~ the extent of reducing

of representation 1n tho Congress of those otat9o which deny the

ballot to Jlegro Amerioens because of their race,

- 4-

v. We urge tho substitution immediately of fingerprints for

photogro.phs as a. ~1oans of identification in the !Jni ted Stat co Civil Service, since photographs havo been used by prejudiood . indiv1Juals to dony to Negro Americana tho rig~ts to jobo f or which they have qualified in competotive c ontests.

VI.

We deplore the prooent discrimination in the apportionment of fode t·al funds for education nnd pledge ourselves to abolish o.ll

dlecri•l ination in this reepoct against llogr o Americans.

VII .

\Yo pledgo ourselves to oppaoc

attempt a to exclude Negro Ar.1ericana !ror.1 the bencfi t G of social

we l fo.1·e legislation such ae old ae;c pone ions , unemployment, social security, and other such legiolation.

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June <S, 1936

Uy dear w~. White1

!Jrs. Roosevelt aslu me to tell you t hkt she finds ther e ie uot ' ' cnauce ot the ?resident• o having tl•ne to s e" t he picture, •I'Ury•, ot pr osout . !!rd . Roose•telt h er·s alt w:!.ll be 1n Wnshi n r:ton ouly .. f ew dnys before leav1ns t or the ~~·••'Oer. She is sorry, t herefore, that tho s . • owing o r the picture must be post po ned .

VarJ sincnrel y yo•rrs,

llr .walt<r White 6? Fifth Avenue lie., York N.Y.

'

u .. lvinll '! . Scheider Soci'OLcr y to. loll '" • Roosevelt

THE WHIT£ HOUSE

WUHINOTOH

June 23, 1936.

W!UORANOUU roR URS. SCHEIDER

The President aaya there

is ~ot a chance of hie seeing thia

rna now.

G. G. T.

1

.~ .. v~ -A..- 0 Jl. rh .,.,.4 ~ .cL:. ~ 0 ;:,._0 @ . • f4-<- ..:To

Oo

\

•

\

llr. kUU' lbl\o 8hU'p 8\ron 11. 1 . 011\ll"Oh Dolpbia u11 ~tuoc strono lloo.lUJIOro, lllrrlu4

CoDeot10Jl.

'

(

I!I.UIIOR R~!:VKU'.

M.AnONA.L QrntlRS

... u ..... , J. I. ........ .

CIU,I· ··· W '"' .0.10 Ot " LoU• T, Waf .. ,

nc: ........... ,.

i:-.:-::.:."r.=::· liMO' .1011111 A. "r. ... u . JOM• H,Ufllll H<H.•n

J .. t.ll W11.00• JOM•to• lflu. A. CU,lOa 'OW ILL ~=~·.~ t .. :-.=~·-v.LL.t.'-0 WIU..l4• l ii iUIIt Wuu •e

T•u.v•u N-'-tl' WkiTI Ot't• •TO•

-1



8& F IFTH AVENUE, NI:W YORK

T ILIIPMOHit AIAOMOUIH 4 I DDt

Jw1c ~6th 1936

., ....... \.

Jl"

14y dear Llrs . Roosevelt :

\

' I

: .

cucunvr Of ncus

IIIOf Wll..liMI

... KTo• 01' t uac:•u O..e' l . LA• NJ•

'111..0 U CUTAtl'

C:M.ui.U H, Houtto• ' IJ'ICIAe. COV-IlL

Jvu n ... L J•uto•

"

U«(UL .......... ..., tO f llll IUUU.JI\'

.~·

L

r

· -' • • 'I

The 'rv:en ty-seventh Annual Con terence of the As~ociation opens in ila ltimore on >~onaoy , June :;9th. lie are sor r y thot you wer~~ble to come ona speak to us there but .1 hope r.e m~y have the pleasure of receiving n message or gr eeting to be r 9nd to the d elega tes . ~ou can send it to me a t the Sharp Street .; • 1:: . Church, Col phin and t:tting .:>tr~ets, Bal \.imo,·e , Uaryl aod .

Mrs . Ele~or P.oosavel t The \',hi t e House ~ashington, L. C.

un:~.,;'tF

Secrctt ry .

27rh ANNUM. CONPBRBNCB. BM.nMOIU!, MD .. JUNE 29oh · JULY Soh. 1936 IMOOIIMD If TMI MATIOIIAI. IMPOaNATION 8URIAU. Ill POUATM AYINLII. IIIIW YCHIJt

a,., N yo.r St,..,.,, - COAfTasntt:ll ,,.., OA ~~.. ,.,,·,..r.,Mr Atdi·LyacJ.U., Bill? ( I

•

., 4~ JUo. lllllhl

U I po•1bly C4D I eba,U be &184

to ep..,lc at r our ooaf'.,..,oe in ll!l!:!>St ·on

1\me £G. 8o•Yer, 11. 11 tC'IO t tU" ttbA&d to

be poelt1~• ebau\ 1' &ad I would e~e\ tbu\ you wTl\C me as&lo oearer tho \Sae .

V&ry ain~rely youra,

Mr. Walter Wbite ee 11tth An, N.Y.c.

•

llD

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I

,.,. ... ., J, I. ,,.,. •• u c:

Ctu.lt.Aiil er 1"1111 eo& t il O..Lo • .- t , Wetewt

Y.Ct.f'I U II C.:• n

i••••l M, •lfJ110•1Jif

r.~o~'l:r :.·,~~~ &¥, JO'!Jt ~o\YIIIU HOlii U

Jt.llll WI~OO· JOII IUOII Jtn. CL.Atto• rowua. .... , .. ". ' ....... . 0t• •1.• Alll.tOJI \IIU,.Uil WIU.I~• 114 U I It WtlU.IJI• , ...... _, . .,

..... u Wlth l ~ltOJI

..OAilD 0• OHUIO'lOIIIJ AU.... A. 1', Wtl .. ll ,._....._ CILI'f ,..,.,.,


8 8 Fn•TH A VEN UE, NEW YORK

' Ky dear ~rs . Roo~velt:

........ ""' ... .IIIJC"lOI 0 ' IIIAJICIIU

0Ait't ( . LU,tel• '

CMU\.U H. HOUfTOII 1 1-'I CIU COUitUl

JUU"A LJAUJINI WtCJA&. UMnlowt fO t•t

tlCI UUY

~ ......... "-&. Xa.atoq 0. .......... ~w.'f-.T. o. rt.tt.r

........ ._ N"'•"· l'f, J. ~ ... .....

--

~e had a great conrerence at Ba1t1more , though we missed you. Kr. Ickes and Senator Wagner made magnificent addresses at the opening and closing sessions. Thank you very much for the part you played in helping us to secure ~r. Ickes.

~e meet in 1937 in Detroit, opening on Tuesday, June 29th, and goinll through SundaY,, July 4th •. It is a long time &head b.t knowing how far in advance your engagements are made I am writing now to extend a most cordial invitati on to you to be the principal speaker at ei ther the opening session on Tuesday eve.ning, June ~9th, or, a t the closing mass meeting on Sunday afternoon, July 4th. Is it too far ahead to make this request? Your replying favorably would giYe us a bead start and i nsure us an even finer meeting for next year. ·

Mrs. Eleanor Roosevelt The \\hi te llouae Washington, D. C.

'

W'f\:C'U

!

271h 1\NNtl.t\1. CONl'BRBNCil. 81\LTIMORI!, MO .. JUNE l9rl, . JUI.Y ~11.. 19J~ C~DOitUD l'f THI NATIONAI.IN,OIUIATION tU .. IAU t11 ' 0UIIITH AYINUl. HlW 1011111(

HttW Jo rour S~1Hllor1 uJ Conpwmen 11ontl on ,,.J Conlaon·lrotnu Anli·L)t~chi"J Bill?

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July 151 1936

Uy o.~ oflr ur. M1ite1

Urs , Roosovel t asl<ed :~o to ao11d you this letter which ' CIUllO to her throush hor so.n , •: t•, Jumes Roosuvel t, !!ill y.m bo g;,od enough to seo tho ~n add adviso Ur~. Roos~velt witut stl..>uld be done? He prob.. .bly c.ould l!ut on t h e 1\', P,A,

Ver y since~ely yours,

•

Ur, \'/alter White 69 Fifth Avenue lle.v lCork U. Y.

U~lvina To Scheider Secretary to · Mr3, Roosnvelt

' ( Rarvey Henderson 332 E. 23d St, NYC

,

I

uu

0

June J_ 7

Veteran - colored - music student -now a pauper - wants to be salv~ged,

••

• 1..

·. P~•• tA• D,. •1-!AMIIS ll0011IVJILT

Dear Jlrs . Hoosevelt :

Yr . Roosevelt asked me to send the enclosed along to you in case something could be done for the man.

Would you e ither 11rite t o him or send me a report on it , as I ~ve told Wr. Henderson that llr. Roosevelt has written to you1 ·

Very sincerely,

,.._.. ... , J• L•~• .. •

ca..uu •• or ••• ....._ .. DL L.olf• f. w ... ,

.. u ........ .. Nu•l & K. l ll.tMCII••• '~..c.."•J::• x·~· An. T~. ::.,,.._. 'ir ..... u ~U~ (;1"-0N IJ:MI ~~~itvl f:l::.AI t U Ot•o\~1 .llttO'!. _ ~II.U.It WIWAII IlLi i .. lt'ALLH1t

UUIIIIU Mt.aT W11m1 O'IIIIITOM

JUTIOJt.&.l. ........_ c.'OIIOUn'aa

~ ~ ............ - r:.::r t2'll;;.. ~ .......... ~ ~w.Y ... T. O.,..._ ~ .. o. M.J . ........

~ a..rs- ... ...,. '-... ,~ ... ............... . T ...... OW. -' - I. K•• lt• W .......... D.O. Wlll .... K. H.ul .. '"" ........ H. '-" t. ........


89 FlnH AVENUE, NEW YORK

July 17, 19='6

ll.y dear 111 ss S~heider:

IUCUTIYC Oll"tCIIS

w.u.na W•n • ,., .lUI ... W lu.M.JI '-«111

..._&CHI or I_,..C"IU

O#Jn r. u • ..._,. 1"1&" UUil~ll

C.u Lu H. Hovu oa l f'l (lo\t. (OIIJUlt.

I I'I( IAL AM IU4•t YO Ul. u cuun

Your l etter or J ul y 15 co:nes ju s t

as I 8lll leaving the city. In or dAr to

avoid delay, I llll1 asking a friend o f :nine

in the w. P. A. t o see this man and do

'hhat he can fo r him.

Miss Ualvl n a I· ~chc1der S~cretary to Urs . Bl ecnor lhe l'lhite llouse Washington, D. c.

1\''11'/RR

Roosevelt

27th ANNUAL CONPI!RBNCE. BALTIMORB. MO., )UNB 29th. JULY Sth, 1916 I:N.DOJtiiO IV TNI MATKHIIAL IMFOII.ATION eUU~U. Jll ,OUat" AVlMVL Mtw YOI:I

Ho. Jo 1'0*' ~or. 01111 COJINUIMNI II4MII CHI &A4 co..u,_,..,~ A.ali-Lyttdift« Billt

..

'fi.UIMM1 J. L I"M&AIII

CMAI I • A• Gf tM& IOAIIIO 011. Loe11 T, WtiUf

'IICI>HIII.I IIU Nu11111 H.. 111,.._.1111 MoL AJ't iiVI l.,.,,, .. ~~~.a:"':., .... ,.~.u '~~~~ :=:-~ -'•TJIV· •. =···· Oqn• Ga."..O. YfU-.111 . Wku• • l•.uttl WAU.II ..

111.1.1"''' lh n Wwrn O'w'llttO•

M.....O 0 IJ DlaiiO'I'OU ....._ A. T , W .U... .......... c:..rt M ........


ee FIFTH AVI!NUI!, NEW YORK

Ju l y n, 1e:·e

wuu• W11n1 ll( ttun

ttor w·"·''"' AltliTU f IIUilUt

WIU.IAII PI( .. _ ... OfiiCTOI Or II.A .. CM ..

OA.Jt"f L ...._.,_,. rlt l• uunan

CII.IUI M. HOVI TOIII N'tc'4\ COVIIItn

JUf,JOITA IL JIU . .Oit ll"lCIU . A.tlltiAit f tO "nil

U:Ci t UU

~ ..... .,...~ G. H.._

~W.Y•T.o.•w lly dear ll.r s . Roosevel t: ' \OU --........ .............. N-N'II.lf. l , N .. 't.tl

.MAnGMAL IMI).AJ. C'" liD

~ ... ,.,, .. ........... ewe.,. cr..,.. .. o.,_.

.... ,.. K,.....,... ~._,hi Ill FnP~rWr ~ W,'f' .. T o 0. Hl!UH ~a.c. N.J.~ ........ ~t. ~

. ~---Eu=-................ .._ .. ._.

~--- ~- ......... ............ D.(l.W'IllaaM.a-t. ~ .,... .._. L. l\lloMI.M

ne 4r c dcliaht~d th~t yoJ rc~l y~u

wlll be ab l e to spaak a t our Detroit Conrerence

next June· We will surely r emind you ogai!l

around February lat.

Ever

~Irs . 11!l eanor Roo~evel t I he '/.hi te Hou se l l ew ~ork City

' \IW/ RR

27th ANNUAl. CONPBRENCI!, 81\T,T lMOill!. MD .• JUNP. 291h flii .Y Sth, 193~ ~ INOOQlO IY - .... 011""t0NAL IN,OIMATION IUIIIUU, Ill 'OUitfH AYlNUl, HI W YOU How do your S.:J l Con1r~wll~ll ll(lrul Ull lillf t'ulli&<HI·U'oJI!Itr ;t,,,,f,.wacMnt Dill?

\

. ..

lira. Roo-au - h• .. _,...,. are •• 111, •4 1a t hoi.J' ..,..,..,. X ha.,. b ... ulad to ·-~ \hotr u11.

YOI&r latter ot My e& .. d •h• enolo..,.. Whtob aoo.-_tod tt will be 11.,.. to llro , aoo-u at tbe tlrot oppor-t watty, ·

---

11r. l aUw 11la1te, s.v.t...,. .. Uoaal '--1ot1oll t or tbo

AO.MO t o t Colore4 Peopl.e 6V J'l.ttb •-• 11ft York 01ty

..

,.

4.

(

riUt iMII f J . r .......... ..

CWAII.AM 0 , fWI 10.a10 Ol . l OU.l. WtKIIT

'lCI'"n• c•t l

f. .••.• M. ._.~ ...

~~·:=: •. r:· •• Jolla KAT••• \:_ • ._.

I'••Lt tl'tuoa lollaiOIII au, A..Cunoll Poetu. A1111•1 I . MIMA._III Os e 'l.l (i,A.II~ VIU._U I wn.uu r .. . .... ,. •ru•••

UUIUIU WUY WMifl 0VI.Mt1011

.O,UU, 0' DI•.IIO'I'OU A...... A.T. Wa*- • ......... Cul M•..,

NATIONAL ASSOCIATION F:OR THE ADVANCEMENT. OF COLORED PEOPLE

eg FltrrH A VENUE, NEW YORK

' July 25th 1936

UICUTIVl OfriCUI

w.u.ru WMrn

ftO'f WIUUII AUPnn uuna•~

W•u••• .. c.-••• Of .. CTOe - II_ • • II II

OAtil' f .• LUIJIIQ• nn• n un._.,

( U .I \.h K, MOI.In'Ofil aH.c:I.At. cou•n"

JUUIItA E. J ACILIOa .,((lAt."'""""' 10 , ...

ll(UIAU

~ ....... ....... ......, o. ...... C.. ........ W.T.._ T . 0. ,..__._.,

H.lTIOK.U. ~ OO...n"D

~ AN!ua...,...aro n.-. ~'=:au:::. ~-- N.ta fft&llfw\w ~-.'9'-. T. Q.JflltW ~LC.. IC.~ ........... "-Y.S .._..&...,_. --.......... h. .._. .......... ,.......... J- e.M• U• W .......... D.O. WUI_._ M. K ..U. WU ........ DIL t-1• 1 .. 1\Htll .,

Uy deer Mrs. Roosevelt:

I am taking the liberty or sending

you herewith marked copy of the Crisis con

taining the tull text of the resol utions

passed nt the rocent 27th Annual Conference

of the d.A. A . ~ . P . , at Bal timore, which I

hope you vdll find time to read.

Urs. Eleanor Roosevelt The 1\bi te Bouse Washington, D. C •

Sec1·etary.

27th ANNUAL CONPBRBNCI:\, BAr.TIMORU, MD., JUNil 29th . JUr,Y ~th, 19J~ INOOittlO l't THI MATtoN A'- IHrOIIIMATION I UUAU, Ill 'OUIIITH A\llHUf. HlW 't'OIUI

HtW!i ~o your Scmuon aNI COIIIffUMtn .suutd un IAt C:onlJttll • ll"t~arcer At~ti•LJifCM~t~ Hill?

. '

'

NATIOHAl O,ICU$

llftiM.IfT J, I. IPIIII•A••

( M 41···· 0, l M I .O.UO Dl, LOlliS T, Wtilltl

NATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR THE ADVANGEM~NT OF COLORED PEOPLE

1 89 FIFTH AVI!NUI!, NEW YORK

UtcUTIVf OfFICfAS

WALUI WIUTI

AO't W!U:IU

'rl(~fl' li:IIOIIIU

:::~'l.~Mu1•u~::• I IIMOP JOII• A. ; .... *'"· J~• ttu•u H01.•u '"~~1. ct.~ .. "~:~J ~=~~~! fM~:•t=~·~•Lu•o WILLio\• b i UIIf WULI• C

lilt"'""' M41ff W ll llll 0YU11f 0 11 I

bO.uu) 0 1' OHUIO'f'OU

A~ A.1'.W•I• kl'*- CUI MW~J' C..HI4p. lib- (>f'9(. ~ 0. HoaUo11 Cloa.rkMO.. W.Ta. T. 0. Nu.U.,

Cll~ ~~.·,.~-(lind... ~~'atJL~~YM

... _ ..... ~· . ...... ,)11. 1 . l"tw T.tt

t.. u. l.&PlMr Ha.ltt. W • .I.,.M HO& lft&IIM~ Wl,)ll.o.,. AI~ WIIJ ... or_ a.,.._._ UIUU A...u....d•r Re'r, HlltCcMM 0. BIM.oll ~0,11.110.11 n..-1'1 T. o.tu:r Aw:'-1 0.$ ~ Do* .r...qa.o .... u t:~·J~aa.~~ .~-..w.a'- JOII-1"- U•"'-rt H. I.AoiiUIU ~r:~LUU. w.q Wll.tl • o.;,,._ At'l!lllt .... , .... "' .J, a. .,. .... n Cbut .. H. 111.'114111 HO& 011&1'\M a T-1 ,.,..._WUI._. Dr. Lou$& T, Wf\l!l t

H.nlt.~, Dr, WUit.,. AI!UI N111~ Ol:l ...... ~ ao.oo. :ou_,.. Mlu.MI... l...soN M•rtiA $. J..... ......,. R. a.dalood • ._.. .... .._ ,....., WUlt.. N. n.Dfrry 'r......, aa.. u-. Art.llvr C.""'t Ww..T-. Ll).an:..

\V..b....... ~=:.:=~.

MAftO'HAt. t..-o£1. ~

~ Anllu.r B. 80ltcU1l

a... ~-:= fl.•;r:;.. ~~---Nb~t\o"""r ~w.v .. T.o.Nwu •• ,

=.,~&.C. ~~:%:. a.=:.~~~ X&rl N. u-.ilta

=~· ~~==-.... ~ .... no--a. ...... ~.... J- & u.lll \\'...._...D.C. WIU'- R. R-. .. ".....,..._ ....... "'"'" t.. l14Uiq:

August 5th 1936 .

~y dear Mrs. Roosevelt:

I

UIIIUiif lll;ln.Ut

WILUAIII I"ICI(IMt Olllt(.'fOa Or ••• U CtiU

o ..... ., r . ....... ,,,. r fi iLO llCI&"fAit

CMUl U H. HOIIITOM IPU:tAL e'OUIIIll

J I,IANITA L JACUOM IP(I;IU AIIUTo\•Y 10 fM I

II(IIITAU

I I

I I

Here is self-explanatory copy of

l etter I have received from Mr. Lemuel L.

Foster wit h regard t o the

whom Miss

cnse__s;(Ha rvey

Schei<)er wrote Benders~ bout

me on J ly 15t h . I shall be gl ad to pass

on to you any further i nformation I recei ve

from llr . Foster.

llrs. Eleanor Roosevelt Hyde Park, New York.

.w ... :C;TF

r sine erely,

,,

27rb 1\NNUJ\t CONPBRBNCB, Bl\LTIMOR!!, MO., )UN£ 29th - Jtlf.Y 5rlo, 1936 fNOORUD 1Y THI JIIATIONAL IN,ORMATION IUUAU, Jl! P'OUR:fH AVt NUE, NIW YOIIK

H(lfM Jo your Srnot«~ and Conrrcum~n 11011d on die Co.Jti&an·r1aancr Anli·Lptcl.i.f14 Bill.~

0 . ~ . ·~ ~~Gnebb A~ldl6Tnn~lv~ .rvn illr. \,.l -J. ~ \Jt tU.-•• t.vl\A

111 eign th Avenue, He .. York, " · '! .

VlV•.Jn •. t\ll;u.<..n AOlllinis trh tor

k r . '!.&1 ter uhi Le I O.Xecu't1Ve &ec •y ., i't• A•A•'-' •r. 69 fifth Avenue !lew ~ork City

J uly :.4 ' 19;,6

J

Lear Wr.lter: ..::_~ Tbsnks tor torw,rji"'~ the CE.se sent you by llrs.

Elehnor noosevelt to tni• off~~ · or course, we shall be 6lad to help this youn~ mon .1]: i t is"~ dl possible . •e are &ski~g him to come do~ . to the office und will be gl ad to l et you know tho outco,.s,·ar our conference .. 1 ~h him.

J • .u • ..r : l

,.-...._ ' ' , -;..---~ Si ,;cerdy,

·? ~:-: u

(S i ,:ned) Lem

Lemuel L, Foster c.xecutive Ofticer n"ce nelat.ions bUr~uu

.,

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,.

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Sap\aabar 38, 1938, lly d.,.z ltr. 'lihlh:

I .. eorry to bear about your

alw \ er knd hope ebe wlll aoon be ent i r ely

well. I 11.1a ve r y DNOb drald tha t I • 111

no\ ~ in Onei'DV., but if 1 am I will

eurely ~•k for her.

Ver y ainoerely yours ,

llr. ll&lhr ltlll\o Nat1o,.l M-htlon for the Adnoc-nt ot Col ore4 People 69 !!tb AYo. New York, N. Y •

' j

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,.. .... .._. , J. Ll#t,• u ••

CWoUIII .IIII M t•a M.ti O

Dl. 1.0'-1 .. t, WIMMT

'IICI•,UIIMIIU

....... ,. K. '"liiCMI•••

.._ u;::: A. T':' ~~~rill KATI!U~IIU J4-IIU II._._ JOitiiiOII

:~~-~. ~·~:.::-''" OSw.r.L• .r.•lltO._ ~IU,AII W'1ua.• eUt.M WALLI"'e

, ...... .._. WU"T Wlllla O'ltM TOII

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e& F IFTH AVENUI!, NEW YORK

0 Septe~nber 23, 1936

My dear Krs. Roosevelt: •

A.Min411T tuen u -,

wn.u.u "c•••• Olti CfOI Or • •AitCIIU

DAtn IL LA•PILI• "•~ u-c .. ,.,_. '

.,t:CIAL CO\IUtl.

J~.t. IIIIT4 L J.t.tUOII

tHCU.L A.aiUit.UT TO Til '

nt•n"'•"

.......... OG' =·· .................... ......_. CIIMM__, ____ o.,_ I am delighted to know you are reco-vering

:=;,. w.•L~,:._ trom your attack ot intluen2.a. Somehow, it just seems

a-MM ~~incredible that one like yourself could e-ver be ill.

no.-- t..M.~r .....,.. ·-~~w.,..... When I next see you I want t o tall you about

_ ,._ ~.=-.:;,:-;:, my sister who is Secretary of the Atlanta School or

~--. .... •- .. -- Social Work and who 1 you will perhaps re~nember 1 met

- •- :=:-:~:;;·, • you when you and the President were at Warwick two

5 . !/:'!>:'.... years ago . Her health has broken under the strain or

:.-:..-:"~ -··-her work and other burdens. I went through the mos t

l':.o..Jf.:..~- unhappy u:perience or tinding -that she nor any other

~~-colored person could secure admission to any private

~· " sani tarium ln the State or New York. Due to the •

~· m.e.rvelous cooperation, howover , ot our mutual triend ,

=.,.. o..•- Governor Lehman , she has been admitted to the Homer

•, 1

... ,_,. • .._ l'ollcs Hospital at Oneonta. It is a m.agniticent place.

- "'· ..,,,_"""' •-should you at any time vi sit ths hospital I ,.-ould

~..., =.: very much appreciate i t it you would stop in to speak

~--~~DdMq to Madel ine . -r..-....... --- ....,.._a..w--.~ ... Q, ..._

w.......... == :.:=r---..1 Here is copy ot letter I have Just received

rrom the s ister of A. L. McCamy who ~~s lynched at

Dalton, Georgia , charged with "criminal attack".

Ever sincerely, ~ I o-J1· • ~tery 1~ v

l.lrs. Eleanor Roosevelt 1/ . f _ J 7 The White House ~~ .

Washington, D. c . ~j.. ~ /"

~~~ tr~~r:r ~/

lMDOAIID I Y fHI NATIONAL IN,OftiiiiATIOH IUUAU. ll t '0URTH AVI.NUI, NlW YOIII.

II.,. do,,., ~u jM U.e StMk ONIII•u of R~fWtutt14tiw• lltutll on Ftdnttl AtttJ.LytttAU.& IAf''NolUnc?

•.

(Reoo1ved a~ N,A,A.o,P. ort1oo sept~ber 22, l9S6l

--.r ltr, lih UOI

846 •:. Union nveet Jaokaonvlll e, lll.a,

I Q&nk :rou veq INGb tor what you wrote 1n the PlUaburgh OcNrler, 'fbq dld not gtvo rq brother a obanoe, The;, onl;, had hl on ou.ploloaa, fte •• ln 'tho bod a oloop, He oloaod b h et nn4 ln t-ho north 1end oi DaltOD b• !oro 10 o'olook and be and rq buab&nd oam~ to rq ot<t• iu aouth Pal ton ln a tul. A, !., walk tl'l:6a theta hOIII"'· H• no ~· ln the bed aoloop 101 :10 o'oloolt. 11h1le we know ao ez·· c t my deter ln la'l7 ... taking Mdlolno, Sl ~ waa up a \ t hllt u .. e to t •\<o her aedlolno and p. .. ed thro\14!tl hh rcx.t, A, L" wal ked h011e dow" the otreot behlllll one ot the nlll~bor•e 4a~tn al\Boat to h lo hl:6ae, The wblh ladJ aa14 U hap~od b etween ll o' c,lo!'~ t~ 1:1 o• oloclt, !l:y dater went \o tho houaa and t~Uteil'w'1)-._ the wb1 to l ,tJ .. and llle aa1d ahe c114 not lmow wh o ~t~-".ut wboevv lt vaa dld not t ouch her t he no 'o11l.;r ot&Ddlng at t ! o'D\ of her bed and t h ey ran , Tho p.>lloe caa.o o dQwn there So the. ee pd arreetod b lm about 2 o'clock J'rida)f 4,)1, ' / /

/ 1/e 1.rlc4 t o get a hoar_jJlg !or h~l'rlda:r, '11>e:r put it ott \U\Ul SdU%day, ::J&turaar they P\lt lf--ef· '\IJlU'l- onday, They trent to tho j a ll BUDd&{ A,ll, ttbuut l 1l& oiA' aDd t , '!bat ni t)• t · one of ch o 4oruty lharr t t o>l<i ue t hat the • woul.d ppon t o u a lt we dl c1 not r·•t ott the &V·>B t I Q we drove to tt, A lled the jallhou.ea and th• 8horrlt tolu ua where the e a&do a atat•ent ln on~t of tl•e papers ha dld not terit lf wa e >Uitll t our houra a!t01-ward, That wae a l le, >~e o~ve to Cha U, ln a 193& ve. It d1c1 not take u e long,

llo th• ,. and r of the !&ally have been t alking to ill· . •• , T. Atwatel' of kell:le, 'ftle you had wrltt.-a t or l n!Ol'll&tlon, If y "· want to nl te •• - r.eova lloCIIII)' O&do- fl13 Mar:r Bh ee\, Roae, Oa, I &Ill leaving J ... 81111, nlght.

" • \lould llke t u h&ve 10:.10 1n!o:ma\lon !roa you vha\ t o do,

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Deu r :.tr . Whi t&l

! tuu.k you vory uuch t or yuur co .. gratul~>tions llJHI yo)u r good w1alu?S• Doth t he Pre.; i tietlt :.uti I ~,;.re~i«to th CIII ;..or e tllt.n I c:.u Sioy.

I tr.lii.C Ii i~:~' Gl>l.horn I 8 - rt1cJ. a i s f1ne,~ud I do 1\opo t l\os t socett. lu& cau be done thla ye•o r wli 1ch wlll t.e hel.,ful to your cause.

Very corcti oll y yours ,

Yr. Walt er White 69 Fifth Ave. NYC

•

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.......... , J. L ... •&a.u~

ctM.t••u w ,., ..u.•• 0... Loll.l . ...... ,

'IICWIIUIM• t'S ", .. , ....... ~ ... " .. ··~" c:·c· t:W~TI.~ ... 'it:uu '~~~l. '!'~ 1:::0.! 4"""' l"'J"' .. "'"o•· ·"· l aatiM• vu.u••

UUtlllll MAlT WMIIl 0¥1M•tO•

MATMlU.L .......U. tw

~ ~& ......... ,...... o--rw-

JrwlaC.-.c ... ........ a....,... ~--Nia""' It W4 ,....._.W.T•'LG......_ ~ .. o. .. ~ . ............. -·-- R ......... -. .._& ..... ........ .... ,_ .. ......,. ., .......... D.O. wuu . ... ..... ~DIL'-ML. .......

I NATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR THE

ADVANCEMENT OF COLORED PEOPLE 88 FlnH AVI:NUil, NI:W YORK

IUCUtl\'1 orncns

Wi14U.JI Wlfrtl

.. , W'lu•••

WI\.UA• P'te:uat t4t lC'TOI ~ I MJICJIU

D•••' L u,., ... ,...,,. U C IIU il

CIIU\U H. HOnto• l tiCI.A\. COII.Jllo.

Ju•••u 1. J•cuo• lllCU•L .UI!ttAif TO Ull

I((IUA,IIl"

November 4, 193&

Deer Ura. Roosevelt : I Isn't it perfectly amazing how overwhelm

ing the President's triumph hes been?

Having not ed in your column on Woncay

that Wise Marthe Gellhorn bed lunched with you,

it occurs to me tbet you might be interested in

the enclosed article by her trom the London \ • Spectator, which is so magni:f' icen~ a one that

we have reprinted it. Should you went additional

copies I wi ll be glad to send tbem to you,

With cordial personal greetings end ,..

congratulations to you end the President,

Mrs. Eleanor Roosevelt The White House Washington, D. c •

'HW/PJ!

IIIDOIIKO 8Y fNI ttATIOWAL Ut"""'AnOM a UIUU. Ill rouatM AVIMU£. MIW' 'r(Mtl

How Jo yow Ca•wli1dn /tw cAc SMut W Hoau of Rcpnl«nlflliw.' IUuJ o• Ftd-trttl AIUi·LytttAU.,IA,;.,I41lon?

l

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l!A'l'ICIII\L iuJ::IOCIA'l'ICII t.OR ~1m ;IDVAliCm.!Eln' Ol' OOX.Olllm l'EOPIJ>

Oil l'i tth Avenue - llelf '!orlc

Ootobor :1 , 11136

U¥ dear 118.7or :ta ~ I wiah to plaoe betore you ror your oonoideration certain

raota relative to tbe probleu or 1natitut1ona1 or oyher onre tor Proteatant dalinquente, pos.rtio~rly !lagro children. I to thia not sp muoh 1n ey o~uoity as Seoretary or the ll • .t . ; • • c .I•., tho\18h it ie partly tram that point or view that I write but ulao oe one who haa eaned ror ua:w throe on4 o. halt yoara on t~o :loerd or the !low '!orlc State T1'1dnin8 Sohool tor Doye at 1/AJ'\Iiok, 11horo I have had opportunity to etudy this dtuation at tirothand, in ooopero.tion •lith peraona tar uore export than I auoh aa Dr. Jtreduriok !!', '.'ilnoy or the llouroloeioal Inatltute, Ur. Douglae Feloonor ot the llro<?klyn l)lu·oeu or Chari tieat llr. lo.rua L!e.rahell 1 llr, 1/lll.tor llundeloohn, llr. I vid T . l.oahy , L!r, Davia c . <<die, COillllliadoner ot Uooial \lultare or the ' tate or !lew York, o.nd otheru.

Thia letter to you i by the aerioue probleo Ot dalinquenoy and the huphaza 1n which it buD bean handl.ed in !law York City over cuny yeura, t 1s 111oti vated apeoitioeJ.ly by a l.tter I have reoontly r•!•:P,!~~ .. ~ he l"oderution or Proteato.nt •.rel-rue Ageno1ea signed by ae CUtter I l.xe4ut1va :Jeorutury. In thil latter I 0101 into rly 1n July yo11 .. akucl the Proteatant :rede1•e.tian, the Court r1.tlent or l'ubllo ,;ultare t.o oonter with you 1n regard t.o roo1llt1oo tor the oare or Proteetant delinquent aDd p ' sro children. OUt or t.hb eontorenoa he. a a-, as 1 the ropoaul to lwve a oosroanted 1nati tution tor llesro del sa t:uttor intorua uo thut Dr. Sunclerla.Dd haa 8116$eatad tor iderution 111ltwyolc1 un institution belonsing to the Now Yor t Episcopal City Lliooion ~oiety.

U you o mow, the J'edaration hae ~eployed llr. Louia Evans or Oh1oaso aa oonaultant and he ia to be here Ootober !l-7 to diacuaa th1a a1tuat1CIIlo

I note that you huve promised to be prosent at the dinner, WJ.oh I ahall atten4 at the Cnulllroy Parle llotel on next Tueedoy nenins . I um, therefore, takfn: this aeana ot layinG botore you tor oonsiderut1on tho meaoured opiiron or this ~euooio.tion 1mioh, I happen to know, 1a ahe.rad by other•, both 1.-t>.i to and lleGro.

I do 110t, or oouree, intend to oay that the position we take h unenSooWily approved. llor 4o I wiah to question the ainoerity ot the aothea or tboae wbo taka what aeoua to ua to be a ohort-a1ghtad and he~ step 1n propoatns the eatabUBhDDnt or o eesreaated 1nat1-tut1Gil,

Parait me, aa briefly uo paaaiblo, to o~r1~• the situation aa it appeara to ua. There ia no <lU.eation, aa we lldVe learned at

il - HoD, Yiorella Ho IAOU&r~Ua - 2

,;arw!ok, that tbe llqro aapeot ot tbe problc ot dalintjuanoy 11 on oxoaedinsly gran cme, Tba peroentase ot llaaro boya 1n the inati tu\ion haa riaan steadily, But vhat are the raaaaoa tor that disproportionate riaa? It ia an inaY1table dnalopt>ant ot the aoCIDO&io and other oonditiona 1n liatl&m, tbout;b w have at .:o.rwiok boya tl'OD oartain .other araae uuob ao tba !lad llook atootion 1n Brooklyn, the lower kat l:lida 1n J.laDllattan1 __ Hlld the toreisn aeotion oanterina on the aut d4a, ot the lata oo•a an4 eal'.&.y 100'. in >olb!ob tbe 4al1nquanOT rata h hisho I wbh, bownr, to 1oonrinoa eyaelt !n tbie latter lorcaly to the aituation 1n llarlll~~o You lcDov, or· course, tllat the peroantage ot unea,ploJI'Wit 1a vary high todt,y, BOLIO o.aaertina tho.t aa hicb aa 66~ ot tba adult populati on i a w1 thout a.uplo;ruent , tiuch r aamployuent au h11a talcen plo.oa 1n Jlew York Oity tol lowe the aitURtion 1n other citlaa, ~ly, tho re-amployment rata tor llagroaa lage tar llahlnd. that tor 1"/hitao, · .. 11at·e there iu anployt1ant, the wages paid 1n privata induot~T ore uauully oo low us to n•oeaoitate both ' nothar and rather baln6 a ... y tron hor.10 trw oa.rly uorninc until late o.t nieht and thua unable to BJ.va proper hOiole tro.lnlng und onro to tl!oir obll.d ran. . I

Pa.ronthatioallT, paruit aa to expraaa here onoa uoro m:t own paroonal appreciation tor the ll&llll&r 1n whiob your o.cmtnlatr ion hu i ncreased perk, awl=lng pool and playground t aoilitiea 1n llarl lfblch inevitably will low-er the delinquanoy rata throUsll stvine these yn tera o.n Op)lortunlty to pliy olaewbara than in the otreoea.

Thia louer econo:Uo atatua tnevitobl ilocro Oh1ldl·en to be bro\lg)lt into the Children' a Court tllAn ~!i&lM bu the ouoe , And here aaein do they auttar (wnd thia i s po foult or J~rlan itoolt) troo a laok or sympe thotio Wld i nterested 1 1ilum llroueht . i nto oourt . Con-tributory in large cooaure to tJ1iB 1 not thnt tho Protuntant welt11.re

ageno iea do not hove tho ume otti:-tud lfarde Jlu(l.l'O ohildl•on ao toward white onaaL suoh priVate U,.ot1 1ldren• u Villuao and IJol·kshiro l'arma drawll18 the oolor line admit li41(Jrd ohlldren.

It has bean my obaarvat ok und other plaooa thOt nony it not . lllOBt ot theao ohlM ren, both oolored, are not really delinquent but are the viotl.tls of und Vi t , us you knO'tl, neithor Jlew York ~tate nor Now York City pr •• tor pr er roster hOQe pluo~unt or other aoalioro-tiva aotion, The in oeult ia the disproportionate peroentoga ot llagroee at .lar\liok, oentuated bY>._ the toot that Wban these boye are ready to be relaaae4 ah d be returned/to norno.l uoo1oty instead ot bo-i .ng inatitut1onalizad long roaidanoe 1n inst i tutions! they ure not able to find Jobs ae readily ae wb.lte boya and clrla, .For ex<U_1p e, at liarwlok today ve have batwaan ninety an4 011e hundred boys , uoat ot tham llagro boya who ahoul4 have bean ntunl84 lOJIG ainoe to nonl&l eooiety but ubo cannot be returned becauaa we oannot tin4 Jobs tor thao and their hooe environcant baa not loproved eutt10iently to Juati ty their return there. ':his probleu 1a also in o. oanoe o OOilewbat teq,orary ono 1n tho.t the nigrution ot lf41arooa to !lew York City tron tha !louth ond tho .res t Indies , trotl .. round llllG throueh 1929 , ho.e odded to the problan throUGh the t act that nany or l.heoo ohildren und their porentu uoae tl'Oll> tho. intolerable coruUtions ot tho l>outh , I do not believe that thia 1a goi ng to be oorreoted overnlcht , but the otopJlOSO ot nig'ration to Now York City and the oountar rdsrotion fl"'ll Ne\f York 11ill tond , I believe , to leeaen thi a probl - .

But I do not need to point out to you that~ie problam or the llearo oh114 ia only a eecc-nt ot the lnraor problao t troutcent ot delinquency in New York City, lf1t h the oxoeptlon ot the t ot tll8t Prot.eotont 118ltaro ageno1ea do provide acre 1nat1 tutiol'llll cora and o.ttontion tor t.h11 11!1ito dell.nqiiii.At thaZI they do t or the lloaro one, the plicllt ot the \lhlta delinquent

#3 - lion. rioreua 11. Lo.OWU'dia - 3

1e but little better than that of the Ue~ one. Cortllinl.y , it is no fOOret to you that U.er11 U muoh to be doaired 1h the work of opoh oruanizatlona o.a the Chil~ren'a Aid society and the Bqoiety ror the Preventio~ of Cruelty to Children. 1nor 1a i t any aooret that in ita handline of the probler. ot dolinquenoy I! ow Yor.l.: City 1B now and tradi tlonal.ly lw.~ been rar bllhind llAII)' other oitlea in t!J,e un.tted Statoa, I not onl.)' believe thAt i t would do but little eood but that eventu..l.ly it wol11.4 do lnrinite lu\m to estnbliah a Jin Crow institution. I , tor one, 1;ould tJ9Bt vigoroualy OPilOoe the uatalllialu<~ent by · the Federation or f.rotenunt · ;elrare J.genoiea or anyone else of auoh lUI in-

:!i~ti:iit~t~~4n~~ !~;o!r:\;a;:a!!~f ~;Pi~~ ·~~o;.r~:!! ~:o~~\~:~re-broe4en and deepen the cha.. or niaunderatanding botwoon the ro.oea, toaterlng as they do rGl.laoioua notlona ot 1-e.oial. superiority und into>·iority. I know that :rou agree thAt ei thor we have 60t to loam how to llvo together with Justioe aii4 auity in the Uldted :Jtatoa or else ,.,o ure (Joine to have ovon greater diaattera than in the past,

I take the liberty, therefore , ot ursine you to diaasoociate yourself tram the proposa.l, however well intentioned, to otublioh this oegrecated inetitutlon. Such a propooal. appears to me to oi uply the following ot the oasieat oour3e, nanely, whenever n probleu ootil18 u Dinority group arises to resort to the temporary expedient or o ·tine orr the croup, particu-lArly it it be a llegro ons , into n aepsrnt 1bere conooienooo need not be disturbed by truquent oontaot with it, 7 is ~uivul.ant to the t rndlti on· al. ualng or vaaeline to cure n oonoer d of inc nt the funduuontal 0KU88 or the dieeaae,

I

To this end, therefore , may I ~WI){ that you uppoint a oannitteo to stud:r the wbole ~ueation of del.inquo und its troatewnt in !lew York c ity, I would like to sUGeeat that n y d this OOil!Ji t teo Illlke 8ll impartia: stUdy of the ohildren'u oo th ublio institutions, but al.ao et the private agenoioa, oopeo e r.;,p ,c ,c,, t o >lbioh, 'it I an inron10d oorreotly, llew York City oo Wl ;)400 , 000 . u your. Thia oomr•lit1.ee should take the lol)g range the innedinto Vl<>w und saelc to I:Ulp out a prograo tor the tro t orreotion or the unuoea of delinquency, both !Wong llegroes tue , h will oorroot tho L'lD.lliteat and all:loet notorioue ohorto01l11 o or t proeent- trentuant or d"linquanoy in llew York City. It ia cy f1 oOJlViO on tlw.t auoh tnr-sooine aotlon I:W.Y oonoeiv .. bly go d01m in hietor,- bel outatnndi!J8 oervioe randered by yourdurlng your inolllllbeno:r as 1111~!:!:::::

If mon.ya spent tor a new tlBtitution were invoatod instead in Uarlsn ill day nuraeriee, pl aygrounds and other prevontativa work or this ohnraotar, lt would do · r~ mora good tor the peroona imoediutely involved , tor the City and tor society in general. ,

11i th oordi.al. personal greetinea, I am

lion , Fiorella 11 . Ln Guardia citr Ball New York Ci ty

·:i'r'I/RB.

llMpo ottully youro,

( :'lill!lad) :1al. tar ',/bite Uecrotary.

ll)'cl.., r!*'. llhlto:

Wra. nooaevolt t· ltl bozo eeor"'tary llrtt eawy, ant 1o tb&i r a.baeu aa 1 ht•'to boan aokecl to aolmODledge the lr :wU.

Tbe oopy ot 'fit udi od tn t~tol~~y~ hao beeo reoel.,..d, and ! Wlll t,o vory 6l•·4 t o bring t t to ure. Hoowvolt' u o.t.tr;ntlon at e.n earl y data .

Mr. t~Uo r ·•bite ev r ttb AYeDue IIIW TCil'lc Hn Toft:

Very sl uoc :·· ~· yours,

)

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'

NATIONAl. OF,.Clltl

'~IIIOI.l ~ · r: ........... _

NATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF COLORED 'PEOPLE

Wnna Wlllt

ltOY WU..I:IU Ct(Aiall,t.ll ot 11o11 aouo 0 1. lOUtl T. W11tiU

.............

.N ........... Jlt.~.

.N.-.. Ytlrtl

MenNo...:::;, Dr, WI!Jiaa .A.!lu Hot'-

011...__ OltJ ''- l)u)M ............... ~~~~ ....... 8l.. ...... ....M)'R.~

~ • • &Moo Jkw. ww: ... N. ~,..,. 'T ..... ._ U.OCL A.nbYfC..,., '*-· .,.__ a. 0 .......

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MA1'10N..U. ~ ()OM)U:rra

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a.c• ~~~ cu.~ ....., r•JU J"''aU:turu .. ~w.v .. " · o. N~ou.r ~a.c. k.J.~ '

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69 FIFTH AVENUE. NEW YORK

; ,

November 12.

Dear Wra. Roosevelt•

I think you will bo intnosl:<>d in

and grot ifiod by "A Texas Lynoning" Whion I

am eending you under aepa.re.te cover •

AUtUAllll U(:lc:f.AJit

w ...... , .. "'c•u• OIII.Cl O. 0' al,\WCMU

OAln E. LAif'll l l n t-1.0 uc•n.ut

CMAUU H. H oUIT'OII .,I CtAL COU.UL

JIIA"I f A l. J4CUOK UlCIAL loUJIY AIU rO nil

lt'c•n••Y

I think wo havo made ~ ro&l step to~d

towards interracial jue tico in Amerioa "JIIhe.n an

~fluent~l southern eohool ~ like Southern Wotbodist

University could mako ~~is oour ageous and objeativo

otudy or • lyoob,ing.

Kra. Frl.%1klin D. Roosevelt Tha Whit o House Washington, D. c.

Secretary

l:.NDOitl£0 IY ,0U: NATION.A.L IHfOitMAftON IUJIUU, liS fOURTH AVINUI. NtW YORK

/low do your CGNIUlakl /or ' tAe Sen~ an<l 1/ou.1e of Repruenttw'ueJ nand on Fetlernl Arnt.(,.ynthln& W,Ulolion?

NATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR THE UfCUTIVf O,ICUI

,. ........ , J. L I-'••••••

c a..uu u or til t 10••• 0L l.OI.I• l , WIMMI

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ADVANCEMENT OF COLORED PEOP~E ...... ,.,-;- ......... 89 FIFTH AVENUE, NaW Y ORK ••• Wlt.a.!::..__,,., ••c•n.__,,

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OJTacial Orton: '1M CriJb O•tn [ . U • r.:tw IV. J Ofl ll th,-IIIU OUIU

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January 5th

1937


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(IUIUI H. H0Uif011 .,l(IU COUIIUI.

Jun n • 1 J(co o• '"''""""I"'"' ro nu U ( Uh•f

) )

You asked me to send you our analysis of the bill for tederal aid to education which was introduced in the last session of Congr ess by Senator Harrison and ~r. ~letcher and ~hich, we understand, will be reintroduced in the present session. Hero is copy ot a lett er which we have written to the Nationa1 education Association in response to their re~uests to us that we join in endorsing the bill. I enclose also, as you requested, copy of the bill as it was i ,ntroduced in the Seven ty-fourth Congress.

Our letter to the ti.E.A. se t s i'orth in. f'ull our speci fic criticisms. I would like very much to have your reactions to them when you sha11 have had opportunitY to read them •

1 am to be in Washington to attend a m.eeting under the ~>uspices of the National Youth Administration beginning tonigh t and ex tending through January 8 th. I know how busy you are Jus t now but if you have a rew minutes to spare I would like to come in to tal.k lr1 th you. 1 can be reached a t the \\'hi telaw Bote1, 13th and T Street, N. w .

Mrs. Eleanor Roosevelt The Vihite Bouse Washington, o. c .

.... C'.a:.r

Ever SinCerr ly 11\ • t ')

~~ Secretary •

(fiiOOitiCO If tHI: HA110NAL IN,OIIIII.\TION IUitCAU, IU , OUitTM AVlNUt. NiW YOU

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K~a. ~·· ~tlaon, President National ldUoat1on Aasool&tion, 1301 81xtaentb Street, Worthweat, w.aahing\on, D. o.

~Y dear Kra. ~ualaon1

Ueoembe~ 31, 1936

. . The III&U <>n&l Aeaoo1ation for tbs "Aclva .lllont o! Colored People

h&a oaretuJ.ly oonal<iel·ecl the letter , nrcled 1t Septeuber 23, 1936 bt K~. 81dney 11, l!&ll Oil& rua.n ot egiala.Uve Oolllheion ot your laaooiaUon, &nu the lett <l&ta to ed llovemtor Z?, l93C by ll.:r, Howard 4, llawllon, your U to ~al i:lc 1oe, &&king ue to auppo:r\ the •na:rrhon-neto Dill" , &a it wUl be introduoed in tbe 75th Congre .. i providing er&l a to tbe ata.tea tor publlo . • uuoa.Uon, fht de &y in- our ly h&a en due to the t r.ot we de aired to g.lve the bill the oonalder ucl t llhiob the 1!11;>orta.noe o! the eubJeot delllaDded,

The 4esooiaUorv6t;;;~:)lll10 he bill in ita present !orm beoa.uae it ood&lua a.e;a t raoial llhoriu.ination, l<e ta~or the generAl pr oral aid for education in the etatee, and the auton~y ot ver publ1o aobool eyetew but tbe uniform aocephd pr rn state s di verting asoniee properly belonging to the ed ee to the educa.tlon o! whltea oom-pelt ua to inaiat on 1t1ona in the bill 1teel! ~inst raot&l dieori n,

TM n-net ntu• provi<1ea an initial grant of UOO,OOO,O by the 1' t:r&l. Gonrnment to be apportioned 111110ng the aever&l. a · ea lt.llc:l te tortes tor the improvement o! their public aoboola, the propor on whioh the n=bor of t heir inhabitants, aged five to t ntr years, ol~alve, bear• to the t otal nuaber of inhabi-tant• as i ve to ' ty reare, lnolueive, of all tho atatea and tel'l'i!orh he ap ri&t on 18 inorea,ed annually by i 50,0·'01000, until the 11 1 appropriatioa or ~300 ,0110 000 h rr·,.oned, The manner in whlo e moni ea appropriated and apportioned ahall be ex-pended 1• dettDined exoluelvely by tile legtslaturc e ot t~ atatee and territorial, tree tram Federal oont~ol except for (l) an annual aooounttng by the Utah to the United 6tatee OowAisai oner of rA.uoation of the expandituree or the funds r eceived• (a) an annual report to the United 8tatee Oollllu1aa1oner of !Cduoation allowing the JA&nner of dt aburaing the f\Uida ~eoel'led an<! t hn work and imJ?rovea~ente aocoocpl1ahed tbertbJ'I (S) an .obl1(9t.Uon to 1aa.1ntain a ayotem of publlo aoboola available thrc:ul>hout the ltute or territory tor not leso t ll&n 11)0 daya, olotlnga dut to epid~ioal ttreu and aatt of God exoepted1 &nd {4) a oond1Uon to tbe appon onaant ahal.l h&Yt expended trom atate o~ territorial or loo&l revanu88, a 11\1111 tor eaob inhabitant &j;ed t1 Ye to

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twenty yeua, 1no1uo1ve, lor publ1o e1•enta ry iUU1 eeoond&ry aoboole, not ltae \ban the IUd oapendtd i n t hat atate or · orrltory in the aobool Jear ta41DS in 193'· It 11 tntoreatlng t o note t hat aa t o ( 3) and (4) above no obli~'1on it iNpoaed on the atatta and t erritorloe to report the left6'b ot their reiiJ)eoUve eohool tnma, or t he eapenditurea ot et&te or terri,orlal or looal r evenuee; and no authorlty i e oon!erred OD t be Un1 ted au.t. e o- •haioner of lduoaUon o r any other ~·edare1 ottloer t o 1nv. aUg&te tbtll -uera on h1a own init1Gthe. The, queaU on IIU6611h 1 half how t ho;y arr: to bo entoroed.

But our b&e1o obJoot1on ie t hGt under the plenary power granted t be etate and tarr1tor1al 1eu1alatureo under the 0Har1~eon-Yletober Di ll •, there h notb l.ng to prevent any atate or territory ~~ expendlog IYUJ oent ot the 1101l111 a ppropriated and a pportioned to it on tbe wh1U Mhoola and t l.e whitt ob114ren, regar 11 of the nuda or the ••sro IOhool population. Thia la no ~ore t he t1oa l obi eot1on but an obJ eoUon f~ndtd on the ta.oh ot present " oUoea n tl1e &n:;thern ata t11. l eQo children .aro 1111d will be oounh when tlle ata.te or county ia tJytng to booat ita population figuroa in tr to obtain 1az~er pan\e tor td!¥laUonl but theJ are, m d U biatory i a any 1ndioaUon will be1 snored and neel oountiea and eohool diatriotl expand tna IUal 10 booeted t he etr of the Kegro poPI&laUon.

)~r exaaplt in 1933-19 pent on i to public aohoole ! or all purpoate t18 , 6731 037. tti tuted Ja. ~; ot Alabama's aohool popula.Uon. &lt tllt 1lb received ;;1!~, 651,029 (89. 3_:1.) of/t t he eohool ap~ropriatlone wbll eohoo1a rocoived only ~3,030 ,390 (10 . &~) . EXcept for mi a riatlone in poroent agee t ble unJuat die~ributlon of o tda du;lion tod in every Doutbern etu.te. Instead o! the pro eo t owa:nl equalld~ eduo&-U on&l opportu;liy aa tlte d Negro ob1lc1ren, · t he dl!terenU&le e~inet eadlly i noreaelng. Per pupil en-rolled t he dhparUy . d w;.i to aohoo1 expendi \urea in twel ve Southern e tate &~· t he disparity i n 1930 ~ Tbt atat1at1oa on e out b r evea l that l eft to t heir own deTi oee the ~ore w horn etu.tee hove to epend ~or publlo aohor·1 111 ouotely they opond on Neero aohoolt.

What ln lh pr<> be inforre miniehred oauon. ·•ri pop olaUon, at& tell

under t he •llarrh on- netober Bill" i f p&lled t any eateguarde &l$Ainet dlaorioftlnatlon may r l n whi ob tho aouthurn etnt<>e h .. ve ador etofore allocated to th~ in ~ld of edu-

a, where HeJUOel oonetltute J.., . a,.. of the t otal ~~~~·~per i n hia TPretaoe to Peaeantry• (l93ti)

"fbe t otal reuer&l expendi ture tor educational purpoeea in Oeors1a tb:rout:b the ,._er ot 19:" waa ne arl y t ive 1111lllon doll&re; of th1e ·the KtSI'O received. i/MJ,'733.M, one eighth ( 13 . 5'~) of the t otal ••. • Bnwnn l:lept•btr 1934 lllld .lprll 193e; , the J'I:R.I. trp~nt tBM,967.P 1A Olor61& ! or the 1111prov•ent ot aohool property; •dl4,688.67 or 96.8 par cant for white; $30, 361. 16 or 3.3 per oent t or ••sro.• (3lo-3ll)

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To retuzm to ~l&~, in 1933-1934 Alabom~ reoeived 13,901 938 froa the Fedelal .. er&enoy funda for publio eqhoole. It ezpend;A ·~·86,155 (lllll') on wnUe eohoob, wnd Mall, ?81 (11~) on »esro eo boola, me only Federal tunda in ~ld of eduoatlon, out ot whion Negroea reoelve anythlut:. like thei r pro)lort1onate lha.re, an the o.pprop:riation e under the llonUl land ~r~nt oollut~e tohJ where the lll.tendaumt ot 1890 ezpreuly provi del tor ~ j~lt wnd eqUlt~Dle divielon• between ~lite end Negro oollegu, whbU 18parah oollegu ~r• w~intained 'by tile etate; o.n<l the tund e adD1nletered by tbe lilatlonal Youth Administration and more reoent FederAl ~•rsenoy grant• where expreae regulation• have been p:ra.ul.gated tor dlvlelon of 110nu botnen t blt raoee,

It• b)' Uea, the r eoor d ot VUblio ediuoa.Uon ln the South ehowa wboleeale diaorlmlnaUou &9in1Jt logrou, To luatratea ln South uarollna lilegr oea oonatitute ·~ of the eohool opula.tion; but ln . 1933-1933 Uouth O~rol1no. apent $331,933 iran ing 39, 364 white ohildren to el .. ontery aoboola, and in the en e etate only $G38 on the traneportaUon of Nosroea to eleaontary eo ole, It opent $310,164 tranaporU11t5 l'/188? white ohUdnn to ' o, and not one oent on the traneponaUon of llegro ob1ldr boola, In ll~>ryland, & 'border etato where oonuitiona tor ee are er tba.n i n the dHp South, ~· d lfterenUala are bed 1n tate oode it-eel! aa~Llnlt ••sro tc~&ohe:ra ( ~ In llorth carolina, ciob ie u.ually r e ferred to aa the • aivo atate in the SOUt h , l1r. Hoaroa llann Bond found t

•G.lN·.J'J~Olina epent $:i18l1 130 in trane ol, but al.lno at two nundrecl

~!liiQ~• of t •H!.Ollere tor 190 1017 llel{,ro =~·..., ooho•>ll in t hi u year. Inpont oro money :(or uohool truoka

it did tor new eoho~l• for Hegro 1ture, apparatua, aquipaent,

white rulal oohoola fl llorth 11hou&all4 more dollatu than wa •

~~:S~~~tu tor llogro ohildran. , .• The •Jily t new eervioe e uean tta t the llegro

oonU nuingly 1111allor proportion ot the publlo new aftrvioee huve 'been distributed almoet te 80hoola, • ( •The \i!duoat1on of tho llegro in ·-l934-p.lt;5)

In 1930 t he ties bav1n~ heuvy Hegro 1>opulat1one .blob had no hlgb '::t~~~~1tlea at all tor llegroeu, ancl 195 other oountiee had no t~• aoboole, Theeo example• of tiiooriwination oould be aul'i~e4 wl11hout end,

The arsu-ent hke been muda that the Statee theaaelvee do not cl1110r1J01n~>te, that they apportion the aonhe to the oounUu nnd •ohool d18t riotl on t he baa1a of population, nnd t hat tba uhor iainaUon 1(!,&1n•t ••szo .. i a tt:l'eot .. d ~.y the 1ooal nuthoritiea in the OQUJlt1ea and eohool ol•trlote, LiDited to pridary and aeooudary eoboolei th11 pnpoelUon uy be aooepted aa gene~lx true, A 11ypio&l UAIIP e or t he war ln whloh t he leoal eohoOi 8U~r1tlee divert moniee pnperly bel0J181ng to ••po 110hoole aay be taken tnm Dr. Raper ' • boo'lt , •Preface to Paa.aAt~J•, abo•• aen111oned1

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•In 1938 the Oene:r&1 Aaa.,.bly of Georgiu appropriahd. t o the Greene O~n~y BoMcd. of ed.uoution $11,874,63 for 1 0891 white oh11d.ren ot eohoo1 as. and ~15,&49 ,45 f or a,Sl~ Wegzo eduoab1ee. The tot&l. llUbUo uperldlture for WOI$1'0 eduoatlon 111 1938 n.e ta1131; tbe r..aind.er 111418 wue diverted by the County Bo~rd. of ~duoat1on to tbe tuAd.a u eeo for whlt e eohoo1e, Thi a sbme year the General Aeae•blr appropriated. t o tbe Waoon Oountr Board ot ~d.uoatlon $?162?,&1; to~ 1,657 11bih eduoab1ee end U 7 , 883,(;5 lor 3,861 legro Oll11d.rm ol eobool aae. 01 tbe u ount app~opriated tor Wepo ed.uoaUon1 $1!>1430 waa epent to~ llegro aoboole and $7,463 n.e di verted l O w01te eoboole,

1 In 1933, aaoordlng to figure• aeoured fro~ the Georgia llepaz~ent ot lduoati OD, an oven 1o.rgu· p rtlon of the atate•a all,otmente tor llesro education waa di vert• to the wh1 tee, lD Or~ene1 Negro aoboo1e reoelveo ~6,001 of t $21 , 235 appropriation;

in Macon w6,964 ot t l\e .fa4,339 ata te allotmen or Nesro ao bool o, • • ..•.. . . The total uount diverted r ru lie~ r o to white

eohoola thro\lj!)lout \be etah i n 1933 11 to rlgurne !rom the Ge orgi.& Oepo.rbent of lduoatlon 1 1160, 000, 1 ( 30&-308)

The illpoeaibi l l ty of Nogro o itiaen eaob eeparate oounty and eohool pmdi ture of the 1edenl tunda •HArri aon-Yle toller Bill " ia aplflll<ftQ to wrUe tile provhiona for d eupport t be aame with aanotione,

Jhen 1t oouea t o ~:!!!'~~

brlne;ing suit ln o ob tain an e.!UAllaed <'Xbo available under t bh

only ef! eotlve a&feguard ia into the b111 iteelf and

oolleee a rJd unlveralty l evels , tbe~aelvea dlreotly die-

not ain6le atnte university in t he gene ral ll~lniatrat orlm1nata againa\ Ne \be Southern or borde wtudente t o &a¥ of it Unlvenl\7 ol Marylan ainca 1836, Tet I•BN• through t heir taxae.

t Maryland, wh1oh adwi h Nego bedl ent to a mandamus daoree , the

&4;1!(CUng legroea \ o 1 tl ellboo1 of Law tain these state univereltiee

Moe\ e utborn and border etatea have aeparate under-graduate at ool1egea r l egzoaa; but without exc eption \ blue Negro undel'SJ'ad a\a \1 ool ea are i nterior l\1.111 tor i t.. t o the eta\e univ 1._11 whio a relarfad axoiuaively tor wnltea. Exoept for the ina oe of the verel\7 of Maryl and Juet oi\ed not a •lnsl• lou a\ate Yide a for t he prof~eaional cduoo.llon ot Negroes at publlo ex 7 one atah, 'llrginia~ bae ~~~ade a f t• eble be-ginni ng at ~ ln art• 11nd aolenoee tor Kes roea by taoking on a ao-o&llld ( aubatand&rd) padwt. te dep&rben t t> i h eepara h undergraduate l asro ooll•«•·

If a llegro nud.&Dt wl lhaa the IA!le graduate or protue1onal t ralnlng ott ered t o White etud.nte ln t he etate un1vP r &1ty, he ~uat l ean the eta~• and travel lllmd:ecle of .. uaa e.a an exile to -• ouU1d.e un1vera1ty, Only elx of t he 19 etaha wltero aopaznh 110boo1a are mad.a\ory b)' law aalte au~ pr oh nll of aidi ng t hei r llegro otue .. • to obtain profeeeional or graduate training, Tbeae eix etatea -- W1 8t Vlrginta, Mheouri, Maryland, Olr.l&bOII&, Vhgln!a and lCantuo~alte a g11Wl'a ot aidi liS IIUoh oxUed legro U u dmh by gr&nUI'I/!. a liiiHed. · D\aber of t h• out-ot-atate eoholarahlpa, Theae eobolarehipe, however,

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aze aere pittanoae and no aUbat~tute on any oonoaiTable baaia tor their exoluaion traa the 1t~te uniYerlitiea, Tat under the ala1tio provialona bt tbe 1 B&rriaon-Jletoher Bill1 the atatea in their diaoretion oould expend every oent o! the federal •oniea appropriated !or maintenanoe and expUiioa of their a\ate univerai tie a, to the complete exoluaion ot hgroea tro.o Anf bene!Ua \hartfrOIII, 1

The lational !aaoo1ation tor the Advancement o! ~olored People in Ua dea~re to ••• the let}itiiiAh intereata of lagro aobool obildran in the Southern and border •-t~a prohohd, ndvoo&te s the followtng uendilan\1 to the 1 11Arrhon-J'latober Bill"l

1, that wher~ver aepara te aohoola ue m&intained in a atata or iorritory unde r IIAii!atrlty of law, the monlee a portioned to the ataie or te:nUOl'J' under the bill ah&ll be dhided axpP.nded t or wh1 ta nnd Vegro aoboola reapeotlvely in the pro,te:cti a that the white and Hegro ohildreu, aged five to twenty years, ino eive, bear to the total populaU011 of the atate or terrUo:ry, ue five to twenty years, inoludnl '

(3) that !!!!. pv.blio school in th hrrito:ry abal.l be .aintalned for lall than one hund.r<•d olosinge due to epid .. iqll flrea, and aota of .God a <11

(31 that wherever aeparate re maint ad in a atate or territory unde• ~thority ot to or territory eball receive any put ot the apport1 the bill t or 11n1 your un-leaa duriJil> the .obool year n the you tor wl1ioh auah apport1onaent 11 made 1\ baa ex 1tat o or t&rritorial or loo~l revenuea, throuah atata or r1al and loce.l unite oomblned, a 1\1111 of aon17 for the llbite d lie aohoola respeotivoly not lees tban the &~aount apent on eduo&Uonal d1v1aiona 1n the eohool reo endina 1n 1 J

(') that the o eduoatio aut or1ty ueaignated to pepreaent the lt&h or tnrltory hall annual , within aix coonthe &thr the oloaa of the !ieoal year in atate or err1to~ 1 pr~pare, and within thirty da,r1 there&thr abal.l w1 th t Un1'ted lllatn a Uol!llllha1onel' of EdUcation a report whio ll 1n •1 (a) an aud1t of the fund s apJ~rtioned to t h tate ry1 ahowih& t he manner ot diatr1buting the aame e.nd u enta aaoaaplhhed thereby! (b) a

.~aport . ;how ot daya 1n wh1oh eaoh publio el11111entary and high eollool the aobool year noxt prl'!oed1ng the dR.h of the :report the Ua\11 or territorial or looal revenuea expended t llrr1tor1al and local unit& o0111bined, clurlng the 1ohool ding the date of tile r eport, ebow1ng the a htrlbuUon tlleen II.Dd. liOi·:ro IIOhoola, where. 81p&rate 110hool1 ate IIIAi~in ori ty ot law1

(15 that Unlhd IJtat~~ Oommlaeione r o! ~:duc•.tion flncla that the portio1~ent ~~ to a atat e or t erritory tor the ourrent tiaoal year 1e not baing eilpmdad tor educa Uonal purpoeeo or that the 1tate or territory baa violated the provisions of the bill a a r e(lll.ril the length ~~ aohool te:na or t he d1atr1butlon of IIOhool funJ a ha lball stvt notl1eot thee• tao~• to the ollie! edUcational euthori-y and to the I!I)Yernor at IUah atata or t erritory, It, D.fhr belna ao notltied., a 1\&\e or tanl\OI'J -o011Unuu 1n ouoh !allure or Y'iolatlon, the United atatea O~oi11ioner ot Education ah&ll report tbar1011 at onoa to the leoretary ot the Interior, who ahall be authorised and d1reoted to withhold all pa~ente to t he ,t~te or t orr1tory wmtil the hma and oond.l tiona ot the bill baTe bean oompliad with,

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FUDdaaent&lly, the Mailonal Aeaooiai~on tor the Advbno•aent ot Colored hople oppoeu aegreS~Lttd eohoola be•auae 110 aegr8(9ltau aohool .,at8m oparatee to give Jleoroee the equal protection and benefit o! the law. It ~oee not sunrirally advooaie a d1v181on o! publlo tnonhe betw•lll the r aoee on the baaia or population ratio, On prlnoiple, publio moll., h not eu•ntced aooor41D15 to the ra.oe ot tl!ot! taxpayer or the noe ot the bellatiDlazJ bl&t ahould be d1ep11111d aooord.inl!, to publio 11114. U 10 diap1111ed 1 ieg;roee would reoelve tauoh mor~ thu ~ir populaUon r&Uo heoauau IUPPr18aion and c:liaori,.inatlon ha.-. -d• tbe lduoaUOG&l 11eeda ot Jlegroea ma117 Umea thoee ot the white population. J'or lllatanoe, the 1934 laUon&l Con.ter111pe on Fund.11111 cntal Probl.eae in the l:uuoa.Uon o! Kegroee, held Ullder the JauaP. oeo o! the 8oor~ t1Lry ot the I11t~rior, found that lf 1duoation&l )Or\unit1ea for Begroea wea a.otually 1QUD.lhed with thooe of thl wh1 tee ,ooo &da1 t1ona.l Jlegro publio aohool t caohno •culd be nee .. d at on

Tba w~iiiii dO not 1a they do 11 to b'U.!l.ra.n t oan eUll Federal oo

t the atateo muet a~end on the antounta spent f%01!1 etate

illl!. in 1934 doea uot promote the inorehl8 of uiaorlmlnation. reportion of aohool monies. ·

. to the 'Harrhoa&Fletohe~ill" which we a.d:vocah

t aa and torritoriee any Federal oontrol, All i&ndarda ot meaiN1'et4ent& and provide eaaotiona U&rda are enforced. The ata tee and territories

xeoute thr-lr eduoa.tional pol1oie 1 !ree of

At 'our d Convention your Aeoooia.tion adopted a plallk in ite platfomD proviuing

•Teaobera sho,.J.c:l not b e d1aorim1na ted uo >inet b e c&Uic o! ra~e, oolor, belief, reeidenoe or eoonc:aio or ma.rlta:J. ata.tue.•

We truat thAt tile 111111e ap1r1t of !a11'tlen 11hich led to the adopilllll of 'tllh r18el\lUon •ill oonv1noe you of 'd1e neooeal ty and juetiue of our ~I)OIId Ullldlaent a, &lid that you will 1'40c.ll!y your endore11111ent ot ih• iBaniiiOn-Fle toher B1ll" aooo~ill61Y,

YOillra very t~y,

(Bignocl) ULTQ WHIU Beo:retary

, •

74~n CONOIIESS ir>SuPo• 5.4793

IN THE SBNAT'E OTI' TFm UNTTED STATES

Ju~a. U (,..ltnrl..r d1y. Ju:c:£ 90), 1036

Mr. HA11_1US01'f iul l'oductrl che follnwlop bill; whic-h wn' ••end cwi~fltnd reftrftd

to Lhe CcuwaiOte Qfi EdUCilion 1nd ( .. hor

A BILL To promote the general welfare through the appropriAtion of funds

to nssist the Stnres nnd TCirritorios in pro"iding more efTc'cti"o

prognuns ol f>ulJiie education.

1 nc it tnoct«< by the Senntt ontl !fou3r of Tlrpre$tnta·

2 ti~J<'& of tlot United Statu of A m~rica in C"'t!Jrt'&.< ossrmb/td,

8 'l'hnt. the stml of $!00,000,000, or so much' thcrcof ns mny

4 be ncces.<ary, is nuthoriud to be appropriated nnd appor-

15 tionNl nnnua lly to the SO\'Croll S~ntes anrl Territories to he

0 used by them lor impnwement of their public St'hools in

7 the manner Jlrcscribed by their respective lcgi~lntures, ond

8 the sum authorized to be appropriated and arportioned

!l annually lor such purposes is hcr~by iurt·cnsrd by

10 $50,000,000 lor each fi$e&l year : Providtd; That the total

•

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L

2

""'" RJ>pmprinlrcl lur nny li>l'lll yror lor ~nr], p11rptl!lr, ~hnll

2 ""' rxt•rc·d $:!00,000,000.

3 HI•:!!. 2. 1'1111 fl llllllllll• npproprinl<•d 111111<··· lllllhol'i!y or

4

5

G

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

J.l

15

IG

17

18

19

20

21

22

2;1

2-l

~5

I his A•·! ( lc•~ 11 11101111ls ~01 ""ida lor nh111i11i•lmti"o Jliii'Jlusrs

11u•l••r ser·1iun fl) Ml~nll he npportioned nmo11g lho 8 1Hir8 nnd

'l'oi'J'il"rics i11' ll•c prnpnrlio11 wbirh rhc numhcr nl rhcir

inlllll>iiHnto lli(Cd lh·c 10 nwuty ye~~r.;, in!'iusi\'t•, hen~ lo the

tutu I lllltllh(•r ur iulu•hitnnt~ ltj!C(I lin·· lu IWf'llfY Yf"11t"'C, iw·lu·

sivc, nl nil the Srnrr• nnd Tcrritori~. ln rhc rornpntntion

or nil"""'~ IIJIJIOrtioncclnnclcr thi• .\ct to rho Rtntr• Ulld 'J'cr

ritolic• lo1· the liwrnl ~·cnrw rndi11g .Tunc :!0, t!l:Jti, JO:l7,

tOHS, I!):Jf), J!l40, J!l4 t, (942, l !l.J:l, lhc populnt iou fog

III'Cs sJndJ ~0 to kr n from th(• (iii'CCII(h dCt'rllll ill) ('l'll.IIS or thO

Unit ()() Stntcs. Jn COiliJlllllltions lo·· tl•c n.;.il ."~11 1'!1 cudillg

June 80, lfl44 to 1053, ond lor each sucrc;sh·c tcu-ycnr

prriucl hcrrnlrcr, popnlntion figures ~hnll be tnkr11 lm111 the

dcrc11ni:•l t•cn'ltl' or the l' nitccl Stntr. next preceding the

bcginuing or enrh rrriod.

l:ll:t•. :J. Tho uumncr in which the fnn•l• IIJl)l<lrtionrd

to r1wh Stole n11d •rrrritOI)' shn ll be used ro,·the mnintciiiiiiCO

ol lhc JII'Ogrtllll nl pui/Jio CdnCIHion •hniJ be <iCICmlinccl ~y

tl10 Jrgislnt u•·o rhcrc•nl, nnd no provisio11 or tl•is A<·t shnll be

cnn•lniNI lo prov~nt tlic ''"O ol suc·h lunds lo provide 11 pm

gmlll or puhlic cducntion lor persons under Cave or o~·er

~wcnt,r years pf ngc, nor 19 delimit tLc States nod •rem-

1

2

!'\:~ s

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

ll

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

(Orics in llwir dcfluili<lll u/ 4 rrogrn01 of )IUIJiic Cdurnl :on.

'I'Ue lcgi. lutil•o Cllll<'lllu•ulw •holt provide lor tLc <lislri lm·

lion oud n<l miuiwlml icou rol ~uch IJiml• os sl~ttll hJ nppurt iuucd 1-

lo s. tid' l:l tol •·~ 111111 'l\: rlil<•t·i~s nuu slutll dt•sigwtlo 1110 chid

S101o or Tcrrilorin l st·l10ol nullwrily, w/wtiH•r lhc Stole

Or 'l1<:rrito1·inJ hli(ICriutt'lldCIII uf puLiie iu~tnwlion ur otlu.•r

lcgully cou.stilnlcd chic/ cdncolionnl ourhorir.t·. lo rrprc·,rru

Sllid Srurc or T<•rrilory in rhc ndmini,rrntiun ul rhi' .\<•1, oud

lor the Jliii'JlOScs of rhig Ac1 ..urh aurhorily so dt••igunrcd

.r .. ,n ~c re•·o!,~tiz,•d IJy tltr t' nited Srnr<:s : l'ror·i,fld, •rtull

in ut1y Slato HI' 'rt•rl'il<,ry in whit·h ll1c l<'gif.ilarur<· Jan~ not

t"kou ncliou us hcrci11 I'Cqn ircd, tho govcrunr of f<l lid Hlnl c

or Tcn·jtury, iw·:uful' tlM ltc rnuy hnvr nu1l1ority to do so umlcr

the luw c,f HJI'h Stntc u1· 'l'ot·titory, uu1y, mtlil six UlOutl&l'l

uflcr I he utljuunorlll'lll ' o/ the lilst rr~~1lo r sc>siuu of 1hc

lcgi>loturc iu >tlt'h l:it<llc or 'l'c1 ritory following tho date of

CW.l('liHC.:IIt or ll1i;, .\ U, luke ~11th fhJiOH .O.S is hrrciu required

to be tokeu hy h•gi,hlli\'C CDll<'lllJCnl, out! SU<·h nrliou by

tLc Oovcnoor ~hull IJo I'('CIJ!,'IOiY.rd by the r nil•d StJti<'S lor

t!Je puq>oscs 11f I his .\ot. '/'he Stm~ or 't·. rri:oriul trcus

urcr ; hull l!o th•si~tnll c•d 111111 nppoi111rd <ls <'""""limo ul nil

fun<fs rcccil·c•l hy Ruicl Ht otl o or 'l'l'l'l'ilo•·.'' ns nppo rlillotlllCnls

under tl1c pnll·ioi<>n~ o/ this Act 111 I'CCcivc nnd l""'·idc for

the proper cuotndy uud dishurscmcm ol rhc "'"'e, such dis-

I

• I

1

• 4

bursement to be made in oocordance with the laws ol sa.id

2 8~1 t0 or 'l'crrilory.

3

4

81<0. 4. Whnn o ·Stole or Territory sholl luwQ pro· I I I

vidcd for tho distribulioa tnd adnii,ustmt ion of such funds '

5 fl.'! siHtU be up portioned to said Smte or Territory, nod wuen

6 the chief educetional authority designated to reprcseat snid

7 &ate or Territory shaU make a report in writiag to that

8 effect, approved by the governor, to tho United States

9

10

Commi»Sicnor ol Education, the United States Commis·

sioncr of Education ahaJI compute the UJIIOWlt duo encl•

11 . State and Territory and shall apportion lor the ensui!1g

12 fiscal yen.n~ such fuJJds os said State or 'l'crrilory may bo

13 entitled to receive tWdor tlw provisions or this .Act, and

14 slHtll certify auoh opportioruuent or apportionmools to tho

15 Secretary ol the 'l'reasu.ry. The Secretary of th~ Treasury

1 G shall thereupon, through the Dhwoo of Disbun;cwcnt of

17 the 'l'reosury Deperuncnt and prior to aodit or st'ttlcmcnt

18 by tl•e OencraJ Acoounting Office, pny quarterly to the

19 trctiSurcr ol each State or Territory the apponiowneut or

26 apportiouJll~ots to certified.

21 s~:o. 5. 'l'bc United Stotes Commissionrr or Educn·

22 lion is tiUt liorized to prescribe plans ror keeping llCCOIUIIS

23 of tLe expenditures or such funds as m11y Le apportiouc~

24 to tbe States and Territories under tl1e· pro•·isious ol this

25 Act. The ehiel e<lul'lltional authority design•ttd to repr&-

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3 . '

4 •

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6

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9

10

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12

13

14

15

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17

18

19

20

21

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~ ~~r4 ~

I sent o SU1tc or 'l'crritory receil"ing any of the apporlion-

•ucuts n)atle tm,Jor the pro\"i~ions of this Act shall cause

to ~c "'''do IUIUIIully, within six months oft.cr the close or I

the liscul year in such St,llc o•· 'l'orritory, lUI uudit of such I

uccouuts 4Y a ~ert.ificd public uccountont : Prooidrd, '!'hat

uo 1 wu •·o, sccuti\"C nnJlual audits or such nccounl:! sbn.JJ be I t

nuulc hy the sume ceni.fled pnulic aecountant. Such chief

cdntuliouul outtiority shall suumi t to tl1 e U'nited Stu tes Com·

tnissioucr of Edueatiou a copy of cnd1 nunual audit- of such

accouuls within thirty. days uJtcr the completion of the

nuJit. l£ the United States Commissionc•· of l~ducnt ion

sholl Jctorrnine thnt the npporliornncut mnclc lo n State or

Territory for the cut·rcnt fi~cnl yr~r is not ueing expended

for ctlucutionnl put·poses nntl thill a Stat• or 'l'e.l"l"itory has

not su~st11ntin lly complied with sections 7 nnd 8 of this

Act, , be shall give notice of these facts to the chief cduca

tionul nuthority and to the govemor of such Stnte or

Territory. li, alter being so notified, !I Stole or Territory

continues in such fttil ure so to exveud its npportiorunent,

the United States Commissioner of Education sltttll 'report

thcroon at once to the Secretury of tlJe Intctior, who shoU

tnlnstuit said report to thn Congress. li nny portion of

tLo money received by a. State or 'l'el"l"itory under the

provisions of this Act be dltninisbed or lost nn nmount equal

\

1

2

s 4

6

6

7

8

!)

10

I I

12

13

14

If

lG

17

18

10

20

:?I

22

.t8 ,. ..

26

0

to the nmouot so diminished or lost shnll be withheld from

the 1ucxt ensuing DPIIOrtionmcnts 1111til l'rl'luccd.

SilO. 0. 'l'ho chief cdutntionn l muhority clc~ig11n tcd

to rol'rcscnt n Stuto or 'l'o•·•·itory rc~ci vi11g u11y of the np·

portiunmcnts mudc under the rro"isions of tl1is Act shnll

Ulllllllllly submit to tl•c U11itcd Shtt<'s C.•11nni,~iu11~r uf

l!:tlutuliull n report suowing tho 1nnnncr of tl ist riiJiuilll(

withi11 the Srtll c or 'l'crritury tl1e f111uls " l'i"lrli" uctl IIIHicr

tLi, Act oud the work nml impro,·ellwuts uC('omplishNI

tl•orchy.

SEO. 7. After the first npportioumcnt is 1unde to nny

Stuto or ' l'crritory under thi• Act, such Stntc or •rcnitory

sl11111 110t rccci,•c liD)' j>llrt of nny ~ubsc<JUCnt nt>tiOrtiomncllt

uult·.s there hns been mainh1incd, duri 11g tl>c sc·hool ycm·

noxt t•n·•·cdi ng tho yrn1· fo1· whic:h sud• nppot·tionmcnt is

nuhlc, u ~ystcm of rublic schools ovuiloLic throughout

sud1 Stulc ur 'l'crritory for not lc.•s thnn one lumJrcd nod

sixty tluyg, the do-ing of sc·hool clue to <'Jlidcn1ii'S, fires, and

acts of Oml ucing excepted. <?

SEc. 8. No Stole or ' l'rrritory shnll rcCI'i,·c nny pan

ol the nrt)()rtiomuent umlcr this Act for nny year uulcss

duti ug the SC'hool yco r no~ t preceding tl•c ycnr for

whirh such uppo1tiomncnl is ronde it hos expended frotn

State or Territorial or local revenues, tl~rough State or

Territorinl and IOCR! units rombincd, n sum of money fo•·

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2

a' 4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

1~

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

v

each inhnhitnnt ngcrl Avo to twcnt.v ~·rnl'l', inclu~ivc, for

pu~l io elementary nnd SCI'OIIIlnl')' srhouls, not Jess thnn

the sum exrcndcd in thn t Stnhl or Tcrrit nry in tho school

yaar ending in 1924.

Sco. 9. From the fu nds nppropriotccl to cnrry ont this

Act 1111 umount not to exceed $25,000 annually is hereby

maclc ovnilnble to the United Stmcs Office of E dncntion lor

the ndnlinisknlion of this Act.

S1W. 10. As used in this Act-

(I) '!' he term "State" mauns the several Stoles and

the D.istrict of Columbia.

( 2) The term "'l'erritory" means A Insko, llnwa ii,

Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, the On no) Zone, A mcricnn "' .

Samoa, and Guam.

(3) '!'he term "lcgislnt!lre!' menns t11o Stntc or Terri

torial legislature or other compn ra blc body.

Soo. II. This Act slt111l he constmrrl ns intrndi ng to

sec!lrc to the SC\'ernl Stoles nnd Territories control of the

ndministrntion of this .Act wit hin their rr~pcr:ti vo jurisdic

tions nod to preserve State and loral initinth·o in !110 opera

tion ol schools. No provision of this Act shn ll be con

strued to delimit the Stntcs nnd Territories in the appropria,

tion ol lands lor tho support of schools rccci"cd through the

benefits of this Act; nor to restrict or define the kind of

25 schools or tho cbnmcicr of tho cducntionnl progmms to be

'

8

1 suppoo1cd J..v the respcrti\·e Slntcs nnd Territories; nor to t'

2 go1111L to uny officer or tho United Stntcs, or to nny or its

3 ngeucies, departments, or offices, any power or nutbority to

4 RPJII'O\'C or reject the educational progroms in tho States and

5 Territories; nor to confer upon any officer of the United

6 Stoles, or of nny of its agencies, rlepnrtment~, or offices, nny

7 power or nntbority to supervise or in any woy cscrrise mnn-

8 agcmcot and control of the edueat.iooal progTnms of tho

9 Stutes an~ Territori es, it being the po.rpose of this Act to

10 leave all supcn,ision, monngcmcnt, control, nnd choice of

11 educutionol means, proccs.<rs, ond ('rogT&ffiS to State, Terri-

12 torwl, aud local governments.

0

.,

•

,

HAliONA\. Of'f'ICER$

riUIOUff J.l. ,, ... _,. ...

"U,III II AII 01 TIIC 10,11110 01. lOUIJ T. Wll lllof

'ti CI. r iiUIOUitl

~AIUUC " · I11110UI IIIf

c~:.t:~~\".~.·::,•• ~~~~olo~:·~.~;.~:•::~,. ... , , J•IIU W l .. OOIII ) OIIIIiiOII ftiY, A,, C:U1TOII f'O•nl. AlfltUit e. $"MC.U/II OIWALO 0AUIIOII VILLioJIO

HII~IUUI

NAIT W11111 0YUUJOII

-, .... Ul<l,'l'-

"'"""'*· Jt.l. tc- Y.tl

...... . -_..., .._ .. ..-·-,._,_ ·-IU1"llXAJ. a...o..u. c • • 1m

~ .f.rtllwr & ......,. ~ Ol~n..rr..

Jn'la 0. Koll .... ... .... .. ll4orr'l

~--,...U;~

~W.l'.,T. 0 . NWtt.t' c,.~....,., .. o. 1(.1.~ Jew Y..tl JCorrt.. L. .....

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I r • ' \ , •J''J tUCUtt"vt: O,IC:OIS NATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR THE . : <~~1

ADVANCEMENT OF COLORED PEOPLE "'"'' """ 89 FIFTH AVENUE; NEW YORK

T&L.&,.HON& ALGONQUIN .. 315151

January 13th 1937

(\ n r i ' I

' I

' .• lty dear Mr s . Roosevel t: ,• /

I .··

t i CU"UII

]tOY WJI,.,IIUfl A .. l tiAII f ll(IICIIIU I IDifOII, Till Clllll

WU.U AII Pt~l(lfrtl Wll'lCcTOII Or ll.oUCIIU

0A111' f. U 11 r 1111 fllLO tl(IIT .. III1

\ CIUILll H. HO'UtfOIII I"CIAL COUll Ill.

l HUHooo MAJIII!IAU. AUIUAIOf lt'lCIAL COU/IIUL

JU.UUTA [, J • CK&OII IPICIU A .. llf,UI J TO f ill

IICU UU

Apropos of the letter l sen t you a few CH<ys ago t o the •lational Education AssoCiation about the Harrison- Fletcher oill, you will be inter·&steci in Ar thur Raoer' s brilliant Ptu:.z' .,(;., lu l'~:.,,:,..,,'J.r,Y ana especi ally (;hap t e r XVI on "Y;hi te &.no Negro Schools" in Vlhich this a i S'tinguished young southerner points out the &ross inequalities in the expenditure by cer tain southern states not only of t heir o~n moneys for education but of

' feder~l f unds as well.

I hope also the P!'esi dent opportunity ·to r ead this.

Ever

Mrs. 8leanor Roosevelt The Yohi te Bouse ~ashlngton, D. c.

w:ill have

,..OOitllD I Y THl HATIOHA\. IHrOJUtATIOH IURIAU. 215 rOURTH AVtHUt , HtW YQJtp; H1ve You Written Your StnlfOrs 1nfl Contres$mtn Urxinl( Support t1f t hf' Ft'tlerJtl Antl•Lyrrchinx BiJJ.>

-

J onuury 141 1937

Deur llr . Whi til

Kra. Rooaevelt aaks Q8 to thank you tor u ndins her Oeorge !Jilburn•a CataloiU•• She i s , ot course, very muCh interested to aee it,

Very aincerely youra,

Ur ":L "alter Wh1 te 69 1"11'th Avenue !low York n. Y,

Malvina t. Scheider Secretary to Urs. Roosevelt 0

HA.fiO.HAl OfFICEJt.S

uutoun J. f. . .... ... .


fUCUTIVI! OI'IClAt

WALT .. w .. nl

Cloi.\IUU 0, t MI 101o•0 0 1. l OUt.t T, W•l•tn

vtCI•t•u•outn N4111111 H, lu••o"•"• MOll, AIIHU. CAP,..

~~~~0/o~:":.~-~:'.f:u•• l!~~1. ~~~~:.l~:~~~ ~:~~~= "~~·~~~~·eiLLAIO

Tt:UIIJlU W•U WIU1l 0VIMITOJC

.O.iAO o .. ouworoaa ~ A.~- -~ ~ cart ac .. ,., ~~ .-. ,.,.., .. ....,. 0. lil~Uoe ~W.Y .. T.O. ft• U..,.

C.'Wolc• ;e..~~r;r .. ,_,l_ ~ r.-,..!!.."";r.~'r.v .,_"" 1.. u. u.21'--' ~ ltoL r,. w. ,_

H- lil"raalt.Mu"""r c..-ta. &- WUit.lo All" Whll•

or- u. .,..,... ... , U llluJ..IJ........,

~:.:.c!!'=~~ l(ut>ert T. o.l&.,. J~&ett.el 0.\'le a. .,.. "" .... .. Q.-t ~~·.Jr.-.::= lli~-J.-WtldOOJ~ HM.H•rloe:rtU. ........-.. c:o&. A-U.lt.\lr w. l..lu .. J ................ w...,. Wfll tt OrtVI• Artll-•r U..........,. J . IL 8, l.,.•n ~ .. U. 8 tvdlll " - t.:tl.t.rloM .. "'-1 )r....-WIIU&IIIot J)T, J_ .. T. Wt\dlt

If~ Dt. W Uib.ID AllY l'l ti'--Oidu-~ a- o. ..... ,., .... pbh ..... _ W&rtl.o

1M. ._.. 8idHr B. ~"' ~tid.. .,._ Rlf", WIUI- N. o.lStTf)> .,........ ...... ROIL An21ut ea,s..r w_,,._ ao.•-w • ..,~..attt~o •~w~•,. A. .._'"

(ltoo.r!M il:4w .... Mo,IM&Il

lCATlOMAJ. 1..80&J: ()Oiii)I)TTal

~ A.Mu 8 . 8 pl..-..,. ~ a -n..n-

'""'" o. •ot•~ .. l;d•w4 H. .. ....,.. C.•k'4n· tt- ,..a, Jl'~t ~.W.VL T , G. MIIIIW o.~-w.. •c. )(, J , ~

JC-Y-" ~~.= • .,. OMI'IM R. H...w.i

r::.."~ ~::a=.*

"~ ... ,._ .. .. ,.. . ......... ~ J- .. liMit. ............ D.C. WUI.._ Ito H-.1• ............ n.f, t.. .. 1.. ftM"IW

69 FIFTH AVENUI!, NI!W YORK

Tl.l.lf'HONI ALGONQUIN 4 ~&81

Decembe r 28 t h

\l'- lil36 --<'\ J·' ' .'tu ! .)~ 'l ~~ ~ ,, r,. .,

\n,J> · t3 . ,. · , , • \ ' \ 'l " I ' 1 ~ ~ ' \

"'Y Clear Mrs . fcooseveltll ' ' ell'/ l'·

~ ··· .

jo!'

' ~ ,.

.. , .

ltOJ WIUUII ,..la'TAJil UCUlAit

w.u.u.• '"•c•••• OIU:CtO• Of U.AMCifU

O.o.tn L lAIII'III • n i LI tl('"'"

C.IIUUI K. MOIIttOII •ncu,t. COU ll lit.

Ju,unA E. J.t.cuo• IPI CI4L UI!U4•T JO 1MC

U t UUif

Under s e par t.te cover I am s ending yo u a copy oi G.eor.;e !.l ilburn ' s .;,, tALuuuc. r:hicn i s &n extr .. o r uinvri l y intH.;sting pi ctu r e o f t he cul t u r a l L&ckground o r l ynchina; . Perl:laps it wou l d be more uccur:.te t o can i t t he un-cul tur"l. I n any e vent i t v. ill be a n 1nteras t i n6; ~na 1) t:rhaps o. v~lu!:;.Ole pic tur e , ., sp(\Cih1ly i n Vie» of t he fa-c t ·;n&t "'1' . !di lbur n ni m" e l f i s a souther ner .

·should he f i n d time to' I·elui 1 t, '1. thi r1k the Pr esiden t will be vt.r y much inter est ed also .

krs . !>lcsno r hoosevel t The Hh i t e House l.ashi ngton , L. C.

h u d .• :tl''

Ever

•'" lNDORilD 8Y THI N,o\TIOMAliM,O .. MAfiOH I UUAU. 21S ;OUIIITHAVlHUI, NIW YOIIIt

If olD tlo your CcmJUI#lu Jor l/le Senol-e IIN.l H ObJt o/ ReprtJ~III4llQeJ Jl41ld on Ftdtrnl Anti-Lynchi11f u ,,·dotion?

I ,J

Jww .. ey 2 ';1 1937

""'. De«r lir. l'lllit91 I

n.u o; you voey _.uch t'or uend1na ue tho C<~i>Y ot U!'. Dabuey• ~ l etter . I do hope tl.e blll goes through.

Very G1ncaraly yours,

•

I f

0

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c:•-'!lf lfAIII o' llfl aouo OJ, L0\11.1 T, WIIIJif

f tc i •PIUIOIIfl l

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tY, JOIUI H UJIU HOI.IfU

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ee FIFTH AVENUE, NEW YORK T"'-UMOHCI A LoONOUtH 4 a all

/

UCCUTIVI O,ICIItl

Wltl,.tUWifrrt

110\' Wl t..IIU MIJitAII, IIUnut

uno•. 1111 C.ttlfl WUo.U U h Ub.t

CH I KtOfl w tu.c•u OIJJt I • ..._.,.,.

fi i.LO U CtCTA., C.K.IIIlU H, HOI.IIfOif ,

, I ' I CI .. I. COUJI.III. T•v•..o. w.-.. ...... u ~UA•t lf'I.( •ALCOUatl \.

JUo\JIIr4 C, JACI;IOIII lllC,.L AUIIU.IfT 10 flf l

tlCIIU.II'f' ti(P/>1 r.- (

~~ ~ My oear Urs. rtoosevelt:

1 11ant t~ sh~ore with you o l eUer I have just received from ~~tr . V1rg1nius Labney, the distinguished southern eoi tor, in ~hich you •ill note he passes on ~he 600d news that a Southern Senator opposed to the anti-lynching bill predicts 1~s certa in passage .

I ~~ula be gratefUl if you would, after reuoin8 this, bring it to the Prosident ' s attenti on us i t will perhaps be hear tening to him &l so .

" i th cordi al personal gr eutings, I am

t:ver

Mrs . Eleanor f~osevelt ·rha ~b1 te !louse ~ashington, u. c.

•••• : \,.J.l'

Secre tory .

INDOitllD IT n.& NAltoMAL IN,OaMAfiON IUitiAU. Ill ,OUATH AVINUI . fliiW YOitll

I,

~ .

Have You Written Your Scn~;tors and Congrc$Jmcu Urf{Jng Support of the Jo',.,INnl Anti·Lynching Rill.)

'

nlo. .. .u.vu... rl .. o.1Lt.l :,;>;. 'H.:h nichmond, Virginia

J anuory 17, 19~7

so1·rr syndic~~• &rticle has &sked ma to sue

~o o& so pesti ferous ~rote you about , bu~ ir you Clill hel p me .

wi th reg&rd to this the syn~icate ~anoger

hs you know, synoicates ha ve to have their ma terhl in hand u week a!' two o~fore publ icotion. ·rhe s ynaicate in <,uestion wishus to ha ve my c.rticle on the anti - lynchinl! bill sponsored by the ,4...,.\..a' rec.cy to shoot out o.s soon as your bill is introauced.

1 ct.n ' t com)lle te the trticle unti 1 knOll the terms o r t he oill you vre to sponsor . It m~y b th&t you don ' t know wh&t they wi l l b& ye•, out it also is pass ~e that the general outlines of th& me&suro nbvc b~en _d,~e~~ieRr~ ed, anc that no thin~ bu t de tails &s to exact language t· ..

lf the lutte1· is the cas you &. se me ·.~bethel:' the bill wi ll <iiffel:' in any materi&l~ t <r om th&t ol' ~o years <o&a? 1 t \,auld oe very nelpi"u if you coulc uuvise me a s t o this , in case the matte r has ' ciceo upon . Al l I need lo knOW is •hether the ,;oneral OutlineS f the IOt:&SUl:'e ;.re the S6111e ~> S in 1935. lleedless to say, 1 i f the thinj i s sti ll hanging L'irc . ..hen oo uill to be 1n tro<iuc:ed? Pt·esum;.bly t h and Sena te are the same as in the former ..no 6~ in the knaVI t ha t a l>outll<~rn ~[j;U;:!• to your oill, tol d

it y.ould cer t&inly

commitments in the House some t.eeks ago , 1. e ., 251 You Hill be interesteo to w 1 1 believe , stronJ ly opposed f mine the other aay that; he thought 1m e.

a • of course, the Commissibn on Inter-racial Coopell;o t;10ll . n a nSSOCis tion $ Southern uOmbn t or tho t' r evontion of Lynchinl! l . e l'O "i" ins t the bill. Have you any reason to thinlc tht. t they •ill oe \, i th you t>his time. 1oith apolo.;i vs for your ki.no cooperation, 1

'ltalter .. b ite , ~s,, ., U e n e A eC.. er'• , llev. Yo•·k City

fol:' troubling you, ono thanlcing you 6 .01 /

Sincerel y youM(.'

(Signed) Vireinius tubney.

A TRIAL BY A COURT, NOT BY A MOB LYNCHING

''An army "'""'" on lu IIOm>ch," is a true saying. but at "'JU5t as uue that an army eanncx 6gbt without ammunition.

There is an army of people in America which bas been (lghting •gainst lynching, but it has been held up beco\18e it lacks funds. Campaigns cost money.

Lynching can be SMAStll!D if the people who hate it will <'lch give .'little money toWard the fight.

For 21 )'tat$ the Nation>! As!ociotioo for rhe Advancemenr of Colored People has been le>ding the fight agaiollt lynching. It bas done its work on :. ''shoe ~tring." Many fiAht:s were srorted wllh no funds in the. treas• ury- lx-cau.se d1c)' had rr> be! l laTic<l. Money has been taken (rom currt:nt tunning ex· pe.nses to finance invcscig-adons of lynching$ -because rhe [acu load 10 be garlo<Ted.

We lmow now rhot a body blow can be dealt lynching if '''" c•n get rhe money.

LEGAL DEFENSE Coupled with its anri•ly~ing work, the

National Association (or t Advancement of Colored People bas defen d hundreds of

cueo in the ~ where colored people were not giV'CD their constitutional righu.

Anti·lynching work and legal defense go hand in band. People must be &aved from mobs, but they must al!o hove a fair trial.

Dimes tM~e dollaYI! This 'narion·wide campaign to sell anti•lynching buttons at ten cents each is for the purpoee of aUowing • great number of people to gove their mi~ tO

make up a f=<l to fight for alynchless nation.

Do your share in this great a\ISade. This campaign is not sectKJnal or racial. No mat· tc.r where. you live or what color you are, if you love justice, hate bestiality and s.waguy; if you would have your country honored in, Stead or shamed before the world; ir Y"u want your children to grow up in a lynohless Arne:rica, the:n--

BUY A BUTTON Sltow Your colors- Conttibutt your bil.

For full infonnation write: The National Association for the Advance· ment of Colored People, 69 Firth Avenue, New York, N.Y.

-

FACTS ABOUT LYNCHING I r

There have ~n ,,105 lynchin~s in the United St:ttes sin"" 18g2, 1

Nin«y-nine "''Omen have been lynched.

From 1919 10 1936 indusove, 2S persons

"'"'"' roosted ali\"' and 20 mon: bodies """"' burned af tu the victims .,....,,. lynched.

SinJ 1889, 749 whitt people and 3,020 Negroes have been lynched.

O nly one.,;i.xth o f the victims have even been accused of any eort of sex crime.

t.pproximately 200 victinu h•ve been pro-·ed 10 be innootnt after they """" lynched.

In only eight-tenths o( one per cenr of the cases has prosecution ruuJttd in conviction of the lynchers.

1\me.rica is t he only nat ion in the world where lynching is tolerated.

The fight 10 eradicate lyrlching, which was .urted in 1909 by • small group of ooloned and white people in the North, b .. spread unt~ IOday it is being camed on by eouchcm .. wdl u northern groups. bocb white and colored, with a m<mbersbfp totaling 40 mil• lion persons, including several influential white wom~n·.s church groups in the south~ ern states.

..

Help the H.A.A.C.P.

STOP LYNCHING

Buy this

+ a ~1\~C.~ ~

Oo Your 6.it rr '"'I'Y penon, ""' "•

WOI'IUin • •u l ch.iiU who hi(U lynchtn;i "''owld gh·e • lh lle bh cowud 1he liaht. .nobr rouJd be .ctvdl • duJh blow .

Now ~~ r-• dunce eo htlp.. Buy .and vnr • STOP LYr-.'Oii""G IMI•· t-. dvrinJ Februuy, 19!7. PM 10 <Y.U 11dt-or v h.tu-ft• J..r&'tr • IJ!IIollftl y.. wi.A tO p,.., Tdl ,_., lrWNJ.. ,_, d"b. 1o~u .:bool, your lodp . ,.Oiol, dw.ret. •bou• 1hlt ump.~t.("·

Shct• 101.1r «~lorCONTRJUUTE YOUR UfT-Firlu ''~~ lr11n ot ol ,,,.thl .. ,,

•

and

Wipe out t his

+

t ll """~ '

. ,j.

~ .. - ; i

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" =t...,.. ~

.·

(

/00 Dent• B1re 1

•~r a . Rooaftve 1t hue aeltod ue

t o t llllnl< you t .lr the co py or •Pr~ raoe

to l'e&aont ry • by /.rthur II". Roper wh1oh

JOU eo!lt h.,r. 811,. 1e l ooklns for .. •rd

to t•end 1n6 t he lto.>k ac an early

opportun1 ty.

Very e1no erely youre ,

I l'.~>lvtnP T. Scheider Rftcrats r y t o l!rl' . Roosevelt

No tUnal Aesoc 11tt1 >n tor the Advancement ot Col.>red People

U9 P1f t h Avenue !lew Yot•k, New York

'

IDS

,UaiOUof

i.E.'""' .... ( IU JI WAa fW I ll ( eoA-IIIIt

O• .. Lou• T, Wl•4tn'

'ICt:•rtUIIIflilll

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flU lUlU

MUt W11Jtl O'fUJ~1011

.......... Ita. l'o ....... w ... , .. -lriN' ...... X. ~. )I_ ... _.

.......... -· ou..._. em, -...... T_._ w.,...T_ , ............



69 F IFTH A VI!NUE, NEW YORK .

I I


• IUCUTfvt OftiClii:S

WA\,U WMJ U

ROf WIU1111t

I know you and the President will be delighted to see the enclosed editorial tro= the influential Richmond Timea-Dispatoh , •For A Federal ~ti-Lynohing Bill", As you, ot course, know, this paper and ita distinguished editor, Mr. Virginiua Dabney , are so widely and favorably known not only throughout the South but throughout the entire country that t his editorial will have ~rotcund influence. When you shell have read 1-t, I would be grateful it you would call it to the President's attention . Mr. Spingarn i s sending him a copy also, I believe, but in the great mass ot mail which comes into his ottice I tear that it might be overlooked •

I telephoned you on Monday but you were out . I talked with Mrs. Scheider end she did not know it you bed seen the Institute or Public Opinion poll on a federal anti-lynching bill whioh shows seventy per cent or the country in t evor ot such a bill and , even more significant, that si:l::ty-tive per cent ot the South tavora the measure. I am enclosing e copy ot the poll tor your and the President's benef i t.

With cordial personal greetings to you and the President,

Ever~~

Mrs. Eleanor Roosevelt The White House New York City

WW/RR

' Secretary

lNDOHrO l't THI N.ATIONAI. INrOJtU 110N IUJtlAU, Ill POUJtTH A'llHUl, NIW YOII II.

I-f ave Yew Wdrt~n Your s~uMou aud COIJRU'SSmtn Ur~:ing S upport of thr: Ft!tll'rnl A mi·Lyrrclu'tt)l um ,

CorrcGponduncc aent t o Prea 1den~ .

roi>NAI'f 10, 19117

•r -..Mr. lhUo:

Tt.a.Jk JOU oo auob t or your

l ot\or &n4 \ he eoeloood o41\or1al.

Bo\b \llo Prulcl.,, ancl ·x ne •orr

Very ata oerel~ yo~•.

lllr. We.lter \lh 1 te NAACP eg P'1 fib ~>ve. ' u . y .c.

\

DO

Ill dear llr. lihUe:

lira. llooo .. elt blew •e to ,...,k 7ou tor t he ~IIlah 70<1 u ot to har. Bile 1e c1nq one t o \ be Pree14~ .

llzo • .. u.,. llhite ev •tnb ~ ...... e ... York, ••• York

llelvlna 'I'. So holder lleon\arJ to Ura ~ RooeeYeU.

I>D

t

.. ._. ..... , J. c. . ......... ..


nrcunn orncutt

AG•W•u••• CM"'illiU Of t•a ~·-·

o.. LOY• ' · w .. WJ

"~· ~.at, .........._ ........ ·--"'-"...... _ "'--'~ .. ....,..,....u.

IHe.qR.. ......... ~~-. ...... ~ .... D..,._ c.u4 ........ .,.._. o..~H.~ ... or:. .................

1"1 ........ ... T ..... , OW. ............. D.O. ................

'

89 FII'TH AVIINUE, NEW YORK ..... ,._, au•n••• ...... , •• <•a.••

WIJLU.I.• ,tC: , IIIt

..

T t';&""OflfS A LOONQUtN -4 3881

Qfdal "'""'' 'Th< CriJU

•••• ,, •• Of • ..,.( .....

D• •u 1. '-""'' ''" • • , ..... uc ..... , C,liiUUt M, HOiiltrO•

triCIA\. CO\UUU.

fHit !IIOO• W.Ut~A\\. AUIU,Uf .,ICtAl. CO ... •UI.

J111~n.r. l. JtCOOII t•tci AI. AUIIUin IO ltll uc ....... ,

February 15, 1937

Uy dear ~a. Roosevelt:

I u sure you wUl be 1nterestecl

in tne enclosed pamphlet , •can The ~tetea

Stop Lynoh1ns?•, which we heve Just pub-

11shed.

I send you en extra copy whio"

I hope you will bring to the attention ot

the President . Ever

Mrs. Eleanor Roosevelt The Wh1 te House Waahine;ton, D. c.

YIW/RR

.,

I sincere).y, · I ,,

- •.;; • . , , 1

Secretary

fM'OOUlD lr TNt ltA110MAL tH,OI.WATIOH l Ull tAU. liS FOUilTK AYUi U£. HlW fORA

Hatttt You Wtiftl"lt Your Swarors •u.l Cor~Jtli'Utuf'lt UtKirtK S11pf"'n ••I tht• Ft'dntJI A tlli•l .ynthiiiJ: R•IP

. I

tl ,)/t{;I,P

It..-

THE WHITE HOUS( WASHI HOTOH

---I / >

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A Cb.allea1c so Boxi..Ds

G -=.--:-~.:!.~ v~ .rri'!; U.l-'"' .... ,..,. ·~ w ...._ .. ol (Won W1141.1o11 J. er..nu.. r- a fn.et...,..

' 11M Me\ ~·l't4 U, a 1JI&IdVe6 i&Uir· ... fllell\ .. 4U!Ic Vlld-WIIl&blo. IIOa•

-till -ld DOl M f~ tU a aport at UW .... 1111\t nu. 'IM!ot • t»u4 0( ~-

• M$11'-' ti.W!I)', 1109utr, ""II IIOX '* •• ol boollll . , v. ,., 1. 'IUlkiM f))Ud ~ o.._ WI'\IQ liM

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-~--..: .. .L...~ ... , - la'loelllf

a Federal etilynching Bill

T:.:.au:;~,:= .::...:: ... ,.. .......... w ........ ... ~ ....... ~ .. --~ ............ M~h-Mtlflpl til • ..._. ......... M trMIWIII, IN IJU~ ...._..,......., .... U.,..d~u· UIM lhriJill)l ,....,.... e.tUM.

U ew,rr t\AM Wtl'll" t116Cl .t.ft .. 1.1. bN:hlll\r It • -lla.r .. I.IUo\ • tii(JI VIol· ' ""' ....-. • 4KM~ . , .. lfNhln• ~ .. U-l, It Ml •IMIIII, ell$:i..,.,lotd. ""+ VIJtlak Ia.• - - b'ftCJIIar 111. OI IIIIM ... ..Wl IJit ea.1o1 M 1 •iw¥• IUII,IIt t. .u _.ua,..." 111 trMlllnc• .. e.~w~ fit • ..._, .... t.al.fllriiH lilt OO'Htneot .. u~oo~ u.e .u ... ,.,__. •Ill 1ft 1111 ..-.u.. ..... •P'NI '111 ... lwo (I.M a..-J ......... Ill ... t5ellnl - pO&J ..,u... TIM:,. Me - -..... I .... It ....... Ia ia. Ofll ~ .... ~~ .................. ~"' -............. .W.\\•1 '"·" ............................. ............................. ~ .... or.....,......•.ram..,..,.. a......•-· .............. ., ............. ........, ...... ....... .... , ..... ....._..,~-""' ............. _ ....... ~ .......... w.. __.... ~--.-..a....-..u___. ,...,..... ......... _..., ,........., .... Ute r.o.w.J o....-.. Qlll .. ~ ....... 5Mt.r. .. u. tltt.A ., u. ........ "' u., .... - · .. '" " .... lft1\MM .. -~ -· IA.WTf:IIIJOa ..........,..

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:P~ll Y ?l~rsFa~or ,Uni~·ersal Finger Printing, Federal Anti-Lynchil~g Law Even S01ilh Indorses Wagner-Costigan Bill

' ' ~--or C.UDIIry "".._. Thai t'HI, .. .aJ C.H ...........

c;.;,1, 1.!-ftl"iJt Op ... lllo• •• ~"'""'"•I A« b s.,.. ... .,.. ..... f'Millt C...t.

Shoul d Everyone in the United Stales· Be Fingerprinted?

68% Like System of Civil Identif ication

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--~--

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February 27, 1937

• )iy deur Ur. Whitea

Urs, Roos~velt a~ks ~o to s ay t .. u t ahe will be g l ad t o :.ee All an ~!!!&b~ Cna),;cers when she s 1n Ne" 'fori on Tueaduy, l.!" reh 2. Will you .. sk him to meet her u t the ottice, Room 704, 331 ~dison Avenue, at 2:00 p.m? ~

Very s i ncerely yours ,

"'r • .Will ter White 69 Fitth t. venue !low York II . Y.

Secr et:.r y to IJr:;. Roos<welt

1 . , 7~· f-.·· (, , ·-

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HATIOHAI. OFFICERS

I'IIUIDUU

J , £. Sr~111•.l•11

CIU.IIIIUif Ot TMI ICAilO Oa, I.0111a f . WllliMT

NATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENTOF COLORED PEOPLE w.uru WM!lt

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69 FIFTH AVENU E, NEW YORK

T &L IP'MONI ALOONQUIN .. 3581

PERSONAL

February l&th 1 1937

t;y dear L:rs. :loosevel t :

RC>Y Wtl.t:ni.l

1 ~:~~~: =~~-:;~.~! Wti.I.LUf ,.tC..;t.,;t

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AIS!SIA IIH lllCtAl- COI,ItltU.

JUtotiUA f. J4CICS.OW ... I'ICIAL .Uittl.Uf TC> 1Mt

IICitUIY

I wish very nuch you would see and talk wit h the Hev.,rend. Allan YJli{lht Chal1r.er s , ;:>astor of t he ftll!lous Broadway Tabernacle , who has done a s uperb job in bringing some sort of order out of ohaos in the Scot tsboro case, I think it would be of value to you to moet him and t o hear fron hi s ovm lips the inside s tory of the nceot i ations he has conducted so successfully i n Alab9.l!Ja. Ylhi cb may perhaps br i ne about a satisfactory solution of these unhappy cases. I believe also that you will be abl e to be of considerable help to him at this critical s t a g e of the negotiations. You can rely upon his conplet e discretion and wisdom. I t would be most convenient for bim if you could see him at some t ime when you are in New York City •

Ever s i nc+rely, I . '

Mrs. EleQllor Roosevelt The \'/hi te House washington, D. C .

Wl'/:CTF

'I ' I • ) _, ~Jai~~·S J~::.:::L-

lHOOIIUD 8'1' HI E NATIONAL IH,OIUI ATION I URIAU. l: IS rOURTH AV[HU[. HlW TQRK

HavtJ You Wiittt>u Ycm r St•ltattJrs awl ConKressm~n Urf(ing S•'Pf''~rt ''' tht- F'('tlrral A.uti-l.ynchinJ: Rill.'

Can the States Stop

Lynching?

Com,llrd am/ P;;b/ishtd by

The National Association for t he Advancement of Colored People

" FIFTH A VENUE NEW YORK, N. Y.

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Foreword

T il t. littt )LUhticJl ft.c~.lr<"h on lynchin)( in thh .:uuntr')' WJ\ complcud m 1911 when the pJmphlct "Thiny Yc.m of L)'nth~ ms .. .,.,, .... w.u publnhcd by dw No~ciocul A~lOCUt• fOt' tbt

AdY.ant'tnK"nt of Coloml I•<Opk.. TN tWO bnJ • !\OWn boolr.t on lynchong 11r~: "'RofX' •nd r:.,;got" ( IUf) by "•lu•r White aftd .. T~ Tr.l$('1y of Lynchina" ( 1?)0) Gy Ardwr H..1~r. AnoiiM'r c:u~dl~nt work is "Lynching .1nd the l.:aw'' by J, II. Ch:nlbourn, nte'lnbc:r of the h cuhy of tlw hw Jthool u tht U"Jvcnicy of North C.tol111u. "'

h b«Y'J .appumt .almon u Ont't thu rNl"ul .act.on would bt ncees,..ry ,( lyn('hing .,..,~~ cu (>.: c'•rbrd and tovcnH.I,II)' wiptJ Out. v~., ,. :~her yc~r nuiuict .howed tluc the tcJtc, wcrc;idu':f unw•ll · •n& or wubk co curb mobt.

AccoN.nsly, '" 1911 dw nmp1.1gn for .a t N-.r.tl Uw bc-c:.anw w clf«ttYC Jt to tttun tM puu~c of the 0)"t't' Anu·ly"ch•ns Btll by the HoWoC of Rt-prnrouuvn by ~o vOte of lJV UJ I lJ, How('\C'f, t•K' bill wu filtbustC'I'Cil co t.k'Hh in tile Scn:uc.

'T he agiution for thto cnachn~nt of tht Ottr nill •titl'\'ll 50m>! $Ute• .and loc.al communit;" :at luu to cxprc:u ttntimt'nt <1J.Iintt lynchi.nJ. In ltJl lfi'chin,s;' rt':Xhcd .sn aJI.timt 'ow fi&,uf'C' of 10, but in lfJ) tt.oy tkyrockctcd toll. The bn.aulny and Roman hot.d.ay ck.aucw· of K>-mt o( cho lyochingt 1n 19)J, coupled with the ope-n. .appronl of lyflet. l;~w by tlu:: bte Coveru()r j.an\..-1 Rolph. Jt., o( ~lifornla, .u•of.lWd n.uion-widc: demand lor Fcdeu.l int('rv~ntion.

Tbt ConiJ3.n-W:asntr ftdcnl Anc •• Jynch.ng b,ll, iru:roJuccd tn che 7'*th Congn» in J.aruury, l,H, tu<c«<<N in \C'Cunn, s«nt-r C'ndOntmtnl from ftlOI'C: people dun any imuhr r•«C of lc&hl.u~n 1>rior to th;tt tienc, Wlh n the 71th Consrcs' :adjourncJ it\ 1\1)6 :~fu~r sidc. cr;acking thb bill and it.ISinjC .an S·d~y hllbt.o~tcr ;ag.1inH ic . the lcglJI.nton h.1d ,;a coul oC 42,000,000 ptOpk plcdJC«< tn tU (_.vor.

Jn fcbtv.1ry, "17, .a new fC'tkN.I .anti·lync-.),ins btll. ~ s.lishtly nviwd \·tn.on of dw Ohtig1n-W.alnC'r Bill, w.ai in1rodYCN:. h C'OnlC'S .11 .a time wht':n a a.outhf'rn con,;rtUin~n. R~. ~hury Ml\"c.r•cl. of Tcx:u, lu1 drd.artod (nt :1 F«<cNI tn11· 1y"';hin~ law; when .a p1'111 ukc:n by 1hc Anvric:.~n lntli~utc o( J,ubl1c Opinion (O;~Itup) .Jhu•u 70 per CC.Al O( iU VOtt:tt OVCf lfw n.Jtion ( .. ~rin.s • .su<h ;a bw .and '~ ~'f' CC'nt Of IU VOtn-t IR tOuthc:rn lUlC1 (.at'otin' 1u<h .I lnr; .a~ whe-n the RIC-hmond, V.a., TtMfN•DIS/MUh tus ckclu~ cdttorit~lly for a 1:Wcnl .anti·l)'nt'hina hw •

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Can the States Stop Lynching? O tlflw\cnu of (cJ.:t.al ;,~ nti- lynC"hina lcgi, lnKln hue comuntly

.• Jv.w ..... -d the :.rsunw•n that lynchlns Jhou1J be h~ndi'I.'J by dw U:atC'~. th:at th co sut~t cOul ~.l and would HOP lynching.

Ouring the I~Hj .filibuuc.r inch~ Unite-d Surcs Scn.atC' thh ar,;u· nlf.•nt w.u m;~.dc bY ..:vnal ~•uton:

" I ~nl not in (a,or o( tM p.1.u.1gc of chu (Conla~n . W')gncr) bill, bflicving thlt lhe $ubjt<"t llUtiC't nn bf bat h;,~ndlfd by the •ucn."

Suf"wa M<».~-D Snu ,.••• •' Tnw i• • .,Ufl •• , .. C .. M. l>«f'Mkt J, lfH

, .. .,, ('~.. ..,.. t,._..._,, .. TtUj ._. ,q ~tu~-• w•._ ~~~~ "' a...._.l .J.,..,.,"" .r t.lw "uc "' h...n lrn•d•'" p1u1ooMJ

1 1~te•~ J) 1\0 doubt th"t the u•uc .1rsunt<nt w.n be u\0.-d tn thto l'"'"'llt ~-;)w.>n of Consrcu 4t t'<ptcued in the following .HJtcm.:nt:

" I :Jm oppos<J to che anti-lynching bill, .u I b.;l,..:v.: it It•

l>c "'' dfun to IJring whhln the juri~ictiO •l o( the fcJ..,r.al govtrnm~:n.~ & m~ttet whkh pto~rly lxlongs 10 tht \'ltiUll'

)t;tiC:S • ••

StH..,TOI. ).loun Sunr.u.o o( Ttul !fl1u 10 N.A.A.c.r •• N~·c:mbu lt. UU

I, I Ul ~~~. mtn .and womrn • ._ h11~ ;~nd bbck, hJi\'C' IX't'n l)"d""" m Arncric::a l!ftCC' 1112. No puntth..tne'nt whJI10t'C"r WJ\ milt-. I"' on the lyncbtn in" 2 pu «nt of the' lyn."Chins•: Jnd .n chc-1/ 1 U vf one pet c:mt of tht lynchin!1 whc:~ punttbnlttll o( aht lynd...-rs fuUowt'd. tht puniihnltftl w.u sl•&ht. Tht awo C')o.CC'r.lium ,luung 1:1) $ ~6 uc aht two UIJ;.:k lt;ttan lynchings of Sil.n (A-. ~mJn

..... 1 Clutk'li A. l,wlc wh~re d1.: lynthC"rs were ~o:iv.:n life. Mu,:IUJ;.In lu._l '''u h.aJ .l lynct.ing ptiOI' 10 thctc Obt:k L<:gion l )'m.hing~ m JJ Y~Jn.

T l•c putposc of thif p.unphl~c it to dcmo•mt:lte the f.~ I L!cy ol dt.: .~rgumc-nt thn sutn c.an or will prcvc·nt l)'nchings. Tile rtCt'lrfl n(

lyndungs in 19JJ·I,)6 i• 1hown with the R"corJ of abo 10(.11 ;HI

thornto :u\IJ )IJCet. in dTorH to punu.h the lrnchcn.

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J""'"~'' t 1: • r•~"~•LJ"~WS, U.t (N~ York Tl•n• j~I'IIUI'J' I!.)

A WNII 1rowpel mom fOt'N \U •11 intO W Wuh.on.JIIItl Pm\h ,,.,t, \boc 11Ml btn ,,., • ., Vfii*OJI co denh, dwmp.-.J ho1 bolly ,lutl&...dc J lofwty ro.td dim mil" from IOWft, J.nJ do'fetW\.1 ' ' •1101' h•l bHn atn'l««t 1tw prtv'IOw Au~lin o( t.b~'"~ lkput) Slwr•tl' 1). C. Wood •" a roun light 01'1 t~ ""•'110•1 pbcr nnr funla.l onlllft. bl.it tb. Luuoo-. Su~ C....rt lud J•IU tt•«W\1 llw ""'"'."iofl .,u£ s:r-a!\ttd h.m l ti(:W ti'Lll-whi!C'b tht lyt~~hlfiJ: lll••ncd '

St•tt Acl.-1 5ikr•f 8 1.ot'k ei Fn..ltluno• dec:U.ITd •l-At tht e..Jy ct .. 10 tM ly.dwo.n _.,..a luac b•••·n-a~ p,_iwd '1\ •Y"Ht .. •t~ 1'1• ...-~ ..... IHt• ~rrTtJI ...

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tt.l. ••th ' ropt uwnd hit~WC.\. eN Othct end of th4 fOPC ""'l t1U11(1Witd to • uw. Onot of hi., upton dro"• od loll tiM ur. thrOWtlll h.m (r-om llw top. (l'ou.n.s Wb wu:cd ac;ar R. .. .,,n,, TtN\ftM!t, •IW tr.l!UfiOI"ted ~<rO'l' tht \Uttlnw 11'110 Mil\iu1ptt1-Ntw Yotlc t'otl, M.m:h 1 J.)

Sut• Aet~t A<:tord iAJ: to th• <:oronc.t'• j"'rt• Yo"'"ll "u~nt t• h•• dtilt.h '-1 J.Jo~t$•'"3 st tfte -dJ o( , .. ,.-~ UftkfiG__.n," "1"1w pr.M( .. '""3 il lt'ent.ey •u•ccl tl!at .. So fu u '"" prool

' ;, UH!IUnwd, """ d-'t It; ... .., W'Jl,tJwt It WU a ......... « • nutidC"r TN j<~.nice •£ U.. pran .., ... w.u aolltl"\( Mnby- J.:m wh.rcft tlw .-b riddW 1M d.-nJI.IIII hocly wil.JI, bulku uid, .. l 'm l .ll ol&cn. l\i t • r lr;.""h Mnn •.nto ft\t tlun belng ;~~r~ otl)c,._,.," N• ••1 h•t IHr• a(l'tl f twl.

;\ht(h. 21: l,j\•ar.:'\u Cou~ll. :\hn.; (ANP IA~tt-~tclq

'ntcbodyof K. ) . TJfflWftlr0 ;a ,~t~ptf'(IU• farn'ttf "'" (O'I! •Ill \ltollO pi«n '" I he wo.xl1 h., h .. 110111C flt'l cl!to "'Jill o( ;\tAn-h lf, whtrt he Nd btt:n lrnchtd. bra mob,..( •·ll·u·u~l \hR.h U 1'r~ow.nt wn u.J co luvc bttn 100 f)tO'!WI'OU• (or hoi w)l,., IWo,tbbor'l.o ,.

Sute AnMifl: No1u.

M.uda JO: 1-U::tx•l'.'liO.-Mrn.: (:St'W Yotlt. t•t, Mutlil Jt.. ,.,_. body el hr. T. A Allr• of M.U'b. \t.-.. wu 1.-J •t~Ptcd ..... "'. C'luia, .. C.U•ltft' ...,,,.. .... ...,.. b.. ).,W .. ttllllbic btt- tlwec"'f'I"C'" ...11 ,U..n• .. om. Ia ... pochu wen- (._t P'P'" ~ ~· .,-. .-..- .....

Su.u Ac.-...: N..,.

Apol 7! t.n.uuTCH&J- A1.A..: (NAA.C.f' liiiV«M•~) T ... 5t.tt, Nqro. ~ .1 6.pc woth .1 whiu aua. Sc.ott _..,... bvc "'the .tbu fellow pc up the K.JC..X -' .. f'ROOit M .... cut lam mel ltvnJ him..,. • J"M ll'ft' I.,. 9loc: • t• dudl. ...

.Sutc Action: N•~·

;\hy lOt

Sc:I.MA, Al..\.; (N.A.i\.CP, IMcn~p'*")

W1Ult Foltrr, N ttto Of!lftitcr £or tlw lnccrnlt.oell LJbor 0.· ftfiK, WCIU tO ~lml (.(1 ln•d.dJIIC Jtl'flU o:f mtmbtf"f o( d M

Slure<:ropfM'N Vrtioft dur~n,s tlw ODt ton C-hol'l"«' llltl.t. 1-i• " "' ane:ntd u toOn. lJ he un.,ecf i.n Still'\&, I Ct wat ulutt Mit by ' ~~· Ullcd. &Bd MCrtdy buNd. Hat body Wll f01111d by fMNtl.

Sute Anion; No'"'

-

• C A. )t tH«- STATE-S STQP \. l ~Ctli"'C1

)by lS: Ouaoar, ~hc.u.: (Ntw Yo&: Timn, Deccmb..,. 1. 19),,) $JI11s C()/~tu""· N~r,g;ro Wotld W'.tL,.nmn., w;JJ 1hot to dc-.lth b) Dayton Dc .. n. Bl.tck lcgiun ••Jris;~:;n- ~bn." ;~..nd rnc-n'bc-n olth.e &l ... dc Lc,ion. Ttw onlr :awn si''C'n (ot tM killnl$ w,a, th.u Ot ... , tlUI"-tll Cokm.u'l to J l.lkc: fo r dw: putp0$oe ol "urt:tt puc:· '"~c ·· btc;~u.;o: I LJrH.")' o~\' il. ;a nl~·mb.!f o( thl! )!lob, "wouH<'d to ¥'C wk.u It (de Iii~;;< ro l..iJI .t Ne-gro." Judge \ ' ;m Z•k, eom• ft'C1H1ng on th~ ltillin,;. of Colcm.all. told ti\C dc:f.:nd,nu: "h it ~Ut\1 tO u.nJmt:md why )'Ou. kilkd thi.f rnJn, who h;~..d nertr dQfte anyth•ns 10 )'OU Jnd wi110m )'OU did not C'\'tft l.now."'

Sut« Ac tJon : Thlt lyncJU..,g was brousht to liglu :~fter in• vnc-iaation of the Bbclt Us~on brouahr about by lhe •l:ay· iA1 o( CJurltt: A. Poole ( whitco) . Flt•e .,.JHN of 1M • ob, #Jrr.ly Hltllnu4 t• life lcr.J /or tiH l y•ubl,.& •I Pool,., •vr,. ,..., k t f'.l •I jr# J .. ~u,. •nr.lu ••4 .. O..u • IH,.. .f, UU, ,..,....,.,,.,._J lilf' lf'•U•u• I•" 1/:w JUlli• l •I Silas

Colr-• ••· , ... 2%:

Yw-.c.uo .• )tm.: (ro:"' York Ti•n, j11oe l).) A.. D. MtGY. lf-yur~ ~qro. W» lunpi lO 2 tr« Jnd hu kdy puccd wnh bG.Dcu (Of ,1n .1!~ uud: on :an ll·~.ar-old ,.-h-aec prl The ni,shc bcfon: che lyndUn,s McG<c wJt uJccn from hlt bed by J pc.l!fW of c:ic;Q:em md teentcd 1n tM woodt Jw.ay (tom olli,ctt~ untd tlk nc:u: d.ay, when he wou c.uncd btio.-. dw 1"1 .and Kkntilicd bt bit dodU.aa- "'1w tnOb chcl'l c.a.mcd tum ;~crots tlw town mco :a stdc !Olld whc~ be i1 unl tO hJ.VC . 1dm1ttcd m.u:lun3 the girl.

St:&te Action : Nol a•-u• a ('#$mal hwtsllg(Jtloli •tntlt. July II :

Ca&IS, IK>kO. Au.: ( :-.LA.A.C.P. ln.,.cs:tiguion.) }fN SJ1i•11•rr }llh~tso,, lclldcrof the Jhfr-cc:rQppen union ln Perry County. w.u c:aUcd (rotu hit con oa patch by .a fnull n\o.A), bound h.Jnd .aftd !oot .and botm.. He wu placed in tht Sdnu jJ•L In• outd hco~nJ ..erums dut ni~t. Nut motn~n.J; John.:~n w•• not 1n the p 1l. H u body lud bttn dumped in J K'C""'t 5r.J'<' nc'Jr Cf'l'ltfUboto wlx" U wu found b1 his frienck.

Sute Actioe: Now.

CAX Tit[ \T\"tL\ \TOr l.TNII;H INC~ ' july IS:

Lo..-sou C>tt~,... \h~,.: (Nrw \"or~ Tutus, July 1'-J

&rl !Unnrf' .lift~! Doolr) ,\l(,lf/cm. Nr~rb f.u'mC'r,., .about 2' )CJN

okf. "''<re UJ.t•n from J dtpUI)" thctltf ~nd hans<J .JlJouc ng.ht I'Oiks (rom ColumbuJ. They Wll'rt :srrt.tttd :a(tcr two alleged .uccmpu to :uuuh ;1 whiiCI W\lmJn. 11M: Nc:,:ran wrrc Jri,•ctt chtou,:;h O>lumbu' H I a Nr~:ro \Church eight mi!cs .souch of the t"-i ty ""'hc:rc chcy were fun~cJ.

Sto1tt Action: Nowf,

J •ly 19, Fo..Y LwD4 I.OAU!, fLA: ( New York;,,,.,, July 20.)

AJ~P,, St•t), :a~cuW'd of fri&hUft!IIJ .t •lut~ wonun wiit.h. ,1 l m(c wn JI'IJtchcd from ~ ckpuciti I'W.ir Fon Laudc:rd:Jk .and h.M.saf

to .a c tft' wnhill s-.i.&ht of the homt o( t!.: -.·omm. hi:s body bcia.5 nddlcd w•th bt.llcu. Suhtrqumt in,"C"KI· , .. ,.on rt.-akcl dut St.Ky. ;l ~kst taunt brmc"r.

h.1d aont to the- how.: to u k (or food : the w om.14 ~ !rlghtrnC\1 J.nd t:c'tc:uncd wbrn she AW Sucy'J face .

St;uc: Acai:on: DflpitcJCV• traJ invuti,s:atioru by pr iva te ors:an iutions =-nd the st:nding oJ in( ormation to Joc~l :usthoritia., the«! hu been •• J ltl-l c rutlo•. A COJ"'>o

ftt.r'• ioqlolftt rtt-urned • v•tdict of «homicide b, pe.nom v.nknowa.'•

I

I

'

IQ

j uly )0, Loutsat:RG, N. C .: (Nc:w York Tim~·s, July l l.) CCit'M WarJ, :v -yc::u--old Nc:sto. JJCe--sb yc:r of C. j . Stokes. wa) t:~kc:n from .a s.h~riff :and deputy s.hc:rltf. ::.nd h:~ngcd. His ~lr wu Oddlt"d wlth bulk 1s. WmJ h.ld b«n ar-rat.cJ ;al ter the killing of Stokn .and w.u-ucin:: hur-rico..l from the c."Ount)' lS :l pn:C-l~at ion :.g;Unst 1ynchi.ns. W;~rd wa.) known tO be inune.

Stau Accion: So far NOHt. Lynching i.n bro;ad d;aylighc. -~ Sh~trlff li.vN. in commu.ni:ty aU hi.s life :.nd knew :all the: lnhabic~.nu, An N.A.A.C.P. invcseigat-ion by n souther'~ w hite man revealed t he n:u~;te• of nine members. of the mob w ho lynchcd W;~.rd, wh_ic:b n:a.mes wer-e tumed over to the governor .-nd •olicitor gener:al ol North C:.t'Oiina. Among the number were "ver!ll county ,nd city offici.als. urnvenigottions'-' by offici:als we~ barre~of t"e'sulc ; and as theAndtrson (S. C.) ltuord st-at-ts uit u ess th;tt this l.pvcstigati:on will end like the rc.n.

Augun ): YaEl'•\, C\t.JroaNIA: (Ntw York Port, Augu.i't ) .)

A mob oi. twt nty-fivc men took C. L John.son (whit·e) !rom the t;OUnty jJiJ .and h;~n,sed him. johnj()n WJ.J Sl id to h..l~·e C"Onf~ tO ~nS one- o( two tMn who jhot down two offi cers when the ofliccn stopped d11: I1'K'n to qul!sdon them ;~bout a sc:cio of roblxrio.

St·_,[e Aeti.on : No• e. Nig.ht M:arsh211 Rieh :ard W. Ch«t· borough who was nat:lottN. ia the city jaU next door said that he retired inside his own jail w hen he bnrd the mob of 2~ me:n •ton:rdbg the county jail u~awc: 1 didn't want to han :anyt.bing to do witll g-iving t.he keys t·o the mob!' Whu. asked if he had notified the a u thoriticl of t he lynclsi.ng, he a.skfll, '"#hat's tM uu?1 '

August 4: Prrr~ao. Mw.: ( New York Timrr, A1.1gust 6.) &xli~ O.t11, a;;cuxd of ~uempting to :ttnck a white wom1n, Wl-J lynched by' 1 mob"" which stornxd the Ctlhoun County j:tiL

..

~.A N T H E Sl'A "rf.S .STQ I' L\"~ C UING? 11

The boJr w.as found $Winging from :1 roJ~ undct 1 btiJ~e. T ,.,•dve hours ;~ftcr 1he bocjy wu cut down officcn u id they h,Jid no i:nfornr.nion ~s2tding the identity of me•·nb.."l'.\ of tlw: mob.

Statt- Action: Ntm~. Alter lynchlng 8\tC!$0 th t' mob rttur11td to t he j:&il :lnd c.arritd off another Negro w hom offi~r$ could J,ot loc~ltC. N o o:ffoct w:a$ m:~de- to defend this !$CC.Ond prisoner aod no one h:&s been ;u·r~ted.

A.1.1gust 22 : Low~DI!S Cou:-:n • .'\LA. : (N.A.A.C..P. t.w..-nig.lltion.) }il'l Mrriwrflilxr. lc:.tdec o( the: Slun"e/OpptN Union Jnd o( t !~c:: cc.uon pickers strike, w u ;~rr~t«< by :1 .sheriff's posse whi<:h took him Jw.ty md killed him. T•u~ ~St ,S:t\'C dtc e:u;uSC' o( "a.c:H defecn..SL"

St.ate Action: No11~.

A u gust -: LoWNOU Co1J!-~TY, At,.A.: (N.A.A.C.P. ln\"CStig:ni.l>n.)

Smith Wttrlkins. leadec i.n the: Sh.:~~ctoppct$ Union. wu t:tken by a • b:a.nd of vis;ibmes d uring dM: conon picJ:cN nrike, bc::uen, then shot t o de.lth.

Su.te- Aetion : ' Nonr.

September ) : Hor>·E HtLL, 1\LA.: (N.A.A.C.P.ln\'CStig;~tion. )

EJw,uJ Bf4r-ry, w:a.uhot :~dd killed by~ g<1ng of visihnc.Q durins the cotton pie-ken strik(, The mob opened 6~ on the boUSI! lnd shot BnQey .as he t ried tO t:K:tpe c.hrough the b:tck door.

Stue Action: No'"·

Se:ptember 17: o:o~okO, ~Uss.: (New York Timrs, Sc:ptCmbe-t t9. ) A_ nlOb lynchcod £11r ... ·oorl H ig,(iffboi1J4m, 28-ye:lr..,IJ Ne:gro. ncar Oxford while 3. jury was <ldib(.nting J v(rdi<.:t on ch:.rgu th:u he k:iUcd Gl!!n Robe-rts. a white pbnt.er. Hisginbothun wu sci.ud in the county jail by a t cowd of btrwttn 100 :tn.d LSO pc:r.tOns :.nd h;a,ng«< ro ~ tree two 1nd a h:.H miles from town •

1

u C,."' ,.,. tl•1'lt tfOP I.THC iflfo, ,

S..te Ac:.-t N-. t.,....UW:. ~.-.. -., • .-..-.-n!4 by .-.. ··-oe-Mt 1 ... 1 - ru- ioa tM ... Nd btCft w...a...

Srpt.e.lk.. lll

Vtal'frot.-.. C!\ot (New York Sund1y "''•'• $rttwbtr !'.) tr.·,. ,,,,,, .. ,~utd etl .a durp or driNI.ktn!l ... and hllln;c dlft'f.tt!Wd the umtiAJ \h.rrif, w;u ulun (,_. 1"-: .Mn.lf bor .1 ............ .-

$rare Ac:O..~ t.f-. Oc-ul!.r l't

MocA.na. c~. (N"' YoR r-. ~ u ,) (AI.ey. c ... ,,u, ~ 17.)

"W .,.._. ~ \OIW b,. 1 f0$1C o:f cituetu wlo.ch WJS .an:b. 111.5 (Of Joh• IC~n~ty Slout. Wd t4 hnc .. ,..,_, t Wh.lf ft\.ln ln C"..tofa:;,_ (T-. Nar:.WUI Gu:atd '011!¥''~;, wr,.. ordeud co MouJu:it u. ,utnd d~e tNI o1 Slol-11..}

N--""4' Ynrn kwr. TQOf r (Ne-w Yot\ T--. ~ q 8n-ln M. .,...... dqdy for .a.,.., a ... 14 ....._, • as uba "r '"" ....._ ....-...,; r,.. a C::CJ .....,. W a llkpgty .._.., _. ..... ._.d.. '1'\c: killiftJ ..-,. .... wd d.- 4c-p.cy lliwtfr, ,... whdl t.hc rw:bri<ro borrow.~ lftlft! 1lu1 el&chl u U.O ,a:mc: ttfiW c.hty tool lhc ~r. 1lw pa .,, m ~~rl!ll'd co dw *" •b!JNt ~wm1y miau.tc:t lt ltt, ktpotu rwbl •• lwd jr~ tlw N•1hlllc Tt•lffllll" '"'fd d••t tlw -m•n w-. dnnl-1113 berT ill • Nr.ll" UMc 11 tht lime tlw t.hPflinl;. u!id LO 1\.i•r. occJI..f'MJ.

S~w AcU..t T .... 1.,, -. ....,, ' .JlnrJ f.,. • •rJrr t~-.1 N 'f.UttJ ~- J•?- JJI' C..rtw _J Jtrlt~rtJ .. , • • ••· ~~ ..,..,..., ~Jkt.•

tl

N••~U; Cot.oo.ooCouNl.,., Tu..r.~o1 (New Ywl: r._.,:-:.....-. U .) A mot. n1t~t.t u 101 ~ lfl(iudinj tn'cnl •...-.. tOOL &uy Ml/dxll Md; £,_., c;.If,u, tccwtd ol tlw Mwder .t a n11wC«n·ynt-old whole 1"'- fi'MI Colorada Cowt.ty Olflkta alld lunlfd them to • tm lovr llt..ln fftllll'l ColumbuJ, Tu.t.. "''N •* t~n ~tcttrd '" w.rch of anocMr Nes:n~ bdk¥td to be tmpl.otfd in tlK murder 'n.t IWO )'OIIItfu. I$ ~ If run ek4, wtt• bha& w..-.. f""" II~ to Col:u-... fw uu. Oft N• vanlltt U oa J••~lot C.Wt fw tM CN*. uOd W luv.- btal ~ud Oft ()u.a,u 11.

$c .. •• Actt...: N..,. C...ty At~ 0. P. Mo.n &.._, & fl;&~t Pfta.J ........ caJI d.. ei~ w'M ....... dw Nlfl',_ a -..b. I~,. tiMir .nioa .. ~ .t ,.h. will .r t1w ,...,..... c.-cy Judr H.t.U • ....:,, "'I am nNIIJ.If oppeM4 ~ -ob "~" .. d f_..,or onkrly proft:l:t or ~ '-•· n. "'" W t tile N~.-- wN .. b.-uu.Uy murdtrfll r.Hu Kolhft&fl could ftO\ be •dtqWitdy p~;~nUhcd br b w b«•uec Gf thcir ·~« ptcVf.JIU m .. I~ cM~dr.Mti;I'IS 1-h- chjL"n who n\tud j .udu tiJ the ~•h)l· ii'IJ murdcrco l~~&t n_;3J.1.''

o.c: ........ t: 'r.ua-"" F,....._ ( Nf-w y.,, W..U-T~r ... o..:.r..a- 1 .. ) ,_,. ~. t..vw r ,_,,...a~ J. a..''"·...._ .._, -. ..._ ~ _,.... Uof'ftd ... lea.._, ..,. • ..... .... ~ .......... ., ... O._junn. n.r .Jw. -lud b«a ~-- by U,. pol.« (or ooc .;... _ toeh'hte. • 1'hn wen '* ~WU)U. bu1 ...,heft of • pol.tkal pmy ._IIIOWtJ u cht Mod«ra Ocmocnr,,

SlAte Acl;ot.: U•du ptQ.&VI'C (tGm pri•atr. oriiULLt•iJo.II.So • ' wri.u o( U.dktmc-.nu li.J•IM\ twt.l"• prttOM fo.r kld.a•p!H•I•

a-ad MC s..-.mn ..-,he pcrtOIU for tM mutdn o( S*••l..r.r """'-'• ,.r .. nacd. l11. iol•y, If >Co 6•• (ol'feef' T .. ,. ,.uc ... - we« pl.ctd - t..W. ce-•"ud e( tlw ~U.~N,.,..., .t ,.,. .... ud JoUcc:nc:.., •• r- rM ._,, · •' -"-.._

.. ,.., •ppoa.t, -.1 ...._"-a-die appul-.u wt I• J•••· • 7.11. 1')1. 1M def.-d ... u lu.n _...-.,..beat c:-'-'d •• jaU •-' ,.,.. _.,. • • GWftJ"- bcaiL S• edwr 4d...._..o o:<otpc tlw ''" ,_, ,.a.c-. h'k """'• pl.K" - •hAl. .... dww -tr r ... u. hfa.a,.., J .._...... Tkre ...... .._ • CNII 1- U.. k..la.&p,..& ef a.,~..- Ow •ur4~r .t.u-.w ...

I 9 J 6

Juto~~ty "' C um,o,<or., To.u: (lo/fO-.A.,.rrk••· jJt~••ry lf.) Mlfr (i,.y, 40, W&l d.u" by 1 ~. d1:ar&fd woe!\ }IJYi"l n111 ~- t.,. whu~ prt, Wltlil A.a 01. C1".ay Jl Aid tO Nvc b.atn• c..dtd hltftNU In A barn co ral~r Co*pl'urc. ffi, bodr wu ridJW with bwUru.

St~t• Aet-1 N•rtl.

F•ktt•q 14• '"""(;UW, ou .. t.O.U! (N_. York TIMII, Fcbruuy ll.)

•111• J.-n. ~ ol ~~ • -.hi:tt womm .-..r lwr ., ............ ...... - kiiW "" .. ~ o( )tt - .... '"""" '""' .... let ila a.obbuy ... - by dx tlkr:d to ....... ..... ...... " ,_ tht Jmd.- dw ~ ud d..l.t,pc.u.

s.. .. Acd.l ~'~•-·

X..Kirl l 41 o,.n ... C.O..W.: (N ... Y«l T~ .Katda U.) ,..,~.n.lue.p!_.._., .. .-,.,;Je., .. -."' ._. tt- .,.,...., ~ n . • ,u, da&tpd -.da ••ud.a, rwo...._...,...__. •N•po .......... ww-.Clmoflll,• M.....,. lw tdd.erp.J. n. ...... wn ~~ h.. IMc:lt .. ~ t.u u aO&Joc let uial U. Gnc wed: • '- ct.,. 11101:t ld lilt ,__. .. tJw lead to ~

St•'- A<d,.., N• w.

CAll Ttl~ ~7Aflll tf'OP l.'l'tfCHIHGt II

Aprll 11;

Cot.N-n, Cloac:u: (Nf'W Yet\ ,_,• A,N lt-) ~.U.•••-'-c•~J."r• .-J ..._. ,.,.,_...,._ ....,., w- 1w ... w .,. - u.a~ • • dw-~t _. •WMflt-'

~ttutlc.. A ..... M •

u•ptcd •• uit• ••• •• Dteoth-rollt. Gtorpa IM.rt w.<lowon..t by Jo4,o< Moodq wN IJt a ..c.k b.d tO hoL:t off tbt moll u•hl Sl.aw co.ld bt II'IO"'td. lif Wlot III'IOVfd lb M1o00n, Ctor&ia. Ht ••• reuuncd to l)ani•lu·ill t bvt *--.,.,. ot • mob w.- rnovrd lor ~r,_kf'l'l""l.tl 10 Royt401t., a muJI tOW!\ jute ablkit lf"' mikt ltOif'l l)ul1fh•oiLt, u1el pl.cttd i" I II'IIAII Otii·I«N')' t.l.ll ..,,,h the '"th• duod .I pol•<• lll.t o•ly oatu .. .... ,,, ,. (JllltiU J,pr-.t ol tlw U':taUftr ..J fo0ewed..

SU&e Ac:t-1 He~. Nia._,• ,_., S._ ~. lhd "• CluJ Ok.k.r ... uW 11U •4f ....., •I rw-. .u-·· .t ...._ ._ ,...... una~

Iff' .. .._ c:--r-. q_rdict ,_. dotlt ...,. .................... , ~ ., ,. ......... . ...._..._

" ( A' lllr_ .fAfl.t ITO" C.fii/Ctltl'fC1

...... ,,. '"''~ C~ (New Y..-\ r.r.JUr <~.) ,........,..,,,,.aca.doidw..-el.aw .... c--. k ..... ... ..... .,.. .I htp an-p el --- Dq.cy $hen.~ ~ K--'1 _, dw,........ - -.. uW" r ............ ''""""" ........ ~-rt • ..,... .... u..,, .. ""' ... ...

Sut.f"Act._l H-.

.w .. ,. l h 0trMMT, )CII(u~H; (Xrw Yodt Tl•-"1, N.ay 2l) CIHrln A. I«M, U. wis.t" YI.P.A. W"Ot\H, fgu.t!d .a.._ t~~tdwh. Hf' WU ~C~ O( bPIIIIJ bat Wifl:, IIIYDtiJ:.IIIIO<\ ~e.a)td lh.lt Poolf' -~• .hcK by "'""'bu. o( the Bl.ae~ UPon u • "t~u,ul lo!Jr""•·"

St•te AuJotU 1Jo # •t•bt,._. oj t lu •fib tvtrf' l'OtniFitil •f .. ,,,.J,r ""J ""'"•uti to lift ;•,rho-.m~l.

M~r 1), lk.1rft"'" hLANO\ CA..._t (Nrw Yor\ Ht?JJ.Ts./Jwwrt, Jurw t.) /Cit1 rJtH'• 1ft« ju.,-.,, bmt ilmud fO ,_... tlw Bbc: .. l..f.a.11011, doU,outfd r,.,.,. lw t-IC Jt Ypndocu, Mithllp~. "" MJJ I), dw .,.... ti.Jy ef ca. Pw&t w..,_ &dot~~ kl.-.n, ....,. !r. c.U ~ .,,,,., ....,., ......... lilt •• -.. ..... dwy11 1ft ,.... , .. ..

,., 11f111 4-11 ... body Yll f ..... h.paJ. iD 1 ... , - f,p. .. . bliM .. ~ Wl!m ol ....., Drtrat LYU.

St..Cf' A<•-• 1•·-~·UiJ-' ... ht - #UTI!'d• or s-l.Kt-..tt.

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CAN rHl- 'fATC'J 'JTO• C.'I'MCIIIWC) 11

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Sta'e Action: Ntuu.

Stpttmbtr 12: An.o:-.1'~. Cr:o..GIA: (Vu~~Mn "'"''P-'P"' Jnd ""-'~""..., br ~On IQttrnt~;~l Gooprnt-. Ad.o~11u G•)

r ... fnuh, XC!Mfd tJ rt,. of .lo WOI'fUII ol je.w l"llf'IU&Iot1 .. .le AtL.a.c.a ~I •'-'"" f"tndl ,...,. ,~~.., .,u,rlf. Tlw c,_ " .ur,.l to luw •c-•...1 ., -a .-all c"""' ,_. ... tllw- _c,..4.,1 "'"~"-.- el dw whOu <-Moe: .-d ..-~c tloc..,. oa -'con • ... ..., _.,of lk do.t. n. 4occon, -- -e tt4 --· __.,. .dinn dint bt5d' due ,.,. t11tp1 c:,_. ...., eoc lu.,. t.. c~U'd.. ~o ~~ ..-.. ....,...,. the ...,...a _. - to tk poiOk r. .~,.... ..... n. ,..... ........ .... .,.._ J f"'..da u t P_\L .aa4 ,_.. •• ......... ~c .. ......... .. 1 <ily..J oo.Jw. JC + AJol

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StptHI!.ber II :

Ct,£VI,..,u...t.. fLOtUtiA· (New York IIN,IJ.Tr~•M, ~~ 21.)

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Sot. An,..1 N.-.

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Sut• Act ... • 1'1••~.

ADDENDUM

'nwft H'f wnnl <-•itt '"' ttl& whidl .sppumtly ..t-Id bt '"' d'*d » lflk~ .... ~ but "" '* lnc.t.dcd 1"'nd•fiJ '"'"'* ,.,. ., .. ,~p.-AW,I\Iitllh

CJOCACO. lUI~ (l'•:.-f• J•rM ...1 GDI.,, Au5•" :t.) A 0. AI•••· •t. nllrl diau. ftporUd 1hx by t cm-l ef •liM• .......... ,.....ud-..... .$ iate' ......... ~

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LYNCHINGS BY STATES

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"""" . "'-' .._ .... ... ;m, ... M•-PP' Nonh Carol!.n.J Tm~ Tu~ot

T ont.

19)6

' a ( w-tr) 2 (l wt.w)

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Ark.Jntllj c.-,u F1ond.o M.c:lt>'ln Miuiutp~n Okl.hoau T=

To-u.1. I> 1'H a.oO l9U

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S'ont. Cualoaa I

()U.hom• I T~- I

Tu" ' TqT\1. .. ( r f--_

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lire. Scheider: ~

ur. Whit ~et ned to New xork laet r1 · ._,..

/ L!oll1e

. .

April 1.1, lV:W

)

:.ty d .. r ll.r, Wb!to:

Your letter or •pr!l 9th to

and I a wr!\!Dg to Won JO<I that abo

1a •• r rr= 1aeh1aeton aU tbh welc.

Very o1DCorely )'Dill'&,

llal~!IUI T. Sobaldor / Sooraury to Ltra . Rooenelt

/

I \

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HATIOHAL Ot",'ICI:.RS

'IUIO"II J . L Still GUlf


fXfCU TIVE OffiCflil$

W u u a Will itt UC:UTUIY

Ror wn.•••• C:MAI JIIIA" Of 1Ml •OUO

011.lOUIS T, WlltCMr

\I ICl·nUI Ot lolll rfAif llll H. ISUIIIIOUO Mf HOI'I. AIITMUII G.t.,rtll C~UUIC:t 0Aa~OW

~~~~~"o~~~'~~"~w~:~: .... .. J~• tl WU.OOM JOHIUOJI RfV, A. CL.t.noM POWI.U.

M!.~~: ~ ... ~~·.;~~·~U.L.UD ttU•5UIIta

M.t. U WIIITI OV!IICYOII

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69 FIFTH AVENUE, NEW YORK

TILI[irtiON•• ALGONQUIN 4 .,, I

Official O.ean: Tht Cris4

April 9tli 193?

ily dear JJrs . Roosevel t :

' AU .. TAIU U:CIU .UII'f IOifO. , f)l( c • tfll

Wl l l !A• f'tCIIUII OI.ICTO" or .IIAMCMU

DAllY f. LA., ... ,. H ILO nc•I'UII'f'

~ I CMUUI H. HOUfTOJI f r t ct.U COUMIC\.

T MUt'iOOO MUIMALL

""' " ""' •rtCi toL- cou.-uL J UAMITA E. JACU OIII

"ICtAL. lo .. IJU.IfT 10 Til l I ICIIl'lA•'r

I haven ' t t r oubl ed you these la3t few days because I noted i n the newsnaners hm·r terribly busy you have beon. · ·.1e have ho.d to encoUnter el l ntanner of t r lcl:ery end opposition in the House but , f ortunately , 1:e have ooen able to n eet the s ituation u]'> to this tiue .

I enclose releo.soa uhich r;o out today t o the Heero press , br!lnches of the Jts cocio. tion , cooporo.tint.; orgo.n.izo.ti ons and ot l!ers , which \/i l l c;i ve you the nel'rs t o do t e . It· begi ns t o look o. s t houe h tho bill nill be pnssod by the l!ouso by o. comfort able no jority on Honday or 'l'uesday. \le v .. r y nucll hope that the vote will be oo large as t o cause the bil l to go over to the Senate with a very substantial majori ty , which should nake it more difficult for the Senate to avoid uction at this oession.

If i t 1nll not inconvenience you too (;l'eatly, I \IOUl d like to t all' with you for a few minutes on. either Tueodo.y or . './ednesday mornins .

Lors . -'.1111 te \till be in .Tashington •.rith ·me und :r should like very J'uc h t o liave her a ccon pany ne, if it is agreeable t o you . I can be reached i n \/ashi ngt on i n the care of -:ongressman Gavaeo.n, !loor• 1214, !lew !lou se Office :Juilding.

llrs. Sleo.nor r>.oosevel t The './hi te l!ouse Washington, D. c.

l::ver silic el y, _L) '

---c~G... .. Sec rOtary .

\'1\'/ :CTF lNOORIID ar THI NAltONAL INf ORMAtiON eUIIIlAU. 215 ,OUI'ITH AVC.HUl, NlW YORK

Heve You WrUten Your s~nators and Congressmen Urging Support of tht Fclltrnl A.nti-Lynchins:: Hill?

. I

I .

PRESS S£AVICE OF THE NATIONAL AsSOCIATION

~. ............. -IIA!If 111t1M..,-1~ -roa Tu&

A DVANCEMENT OF COLOR£0 P EOPLE

" f iFTH AVENUE. Nl.W YOJlX CITY W~ WJU"I -.oT W'IUI.IJIII

""'"""'"""-"

lOti to IDl'fORSa The vote i n the li<Nu on \he Gava&&n btll co.o,r pout'Qh 'oe hJc:.a very }.ate Mo:ndo¥ 1 J.pril 13, a.n4 then u my no~ be \aken UA\11 f\l.ead.ay a.t t ernooa1 AptSl 13. Pl~u noU.t')' yout w ... htncton oorr eepondentt on tbte matter or • atch the late t4ttione of )'OW' (r'(Ch~& 4&il1N 1 J.prU 121 01' 10H C4TDh,C pllptn1 J.prll 13.

GU&GU' .t.nl-1.\'ICBIJO Bltl. !0 II c.u.L1D lOR

00'11 01 UllL 13.

'

Pe! e&t r! l eAk ~tOhell Bill , 25? ~ 1231 April ?, P•v•• It~ tor Qonl1dOr$t10n of St.ronc ~ve.pn W.o.f\I..TG, Aprll l :S.

hahtactoo, April 9 ... 7ollowtnc the cr-¥ab1n& 4ot .. t of tbe ••• to •~ot the MHchell .nu-~clu:nc 'olll oa le4net~. J.pr1l ? , ll:y a Yoh of 35? to 122, the Xouo lt prcpa..tnc t-o tako up on Mond.q, Aprtl 12, the a tt"oa&cr C.Y41C*J' 'olll (B.l. 11507) .

'rho C.v .... n aoa.r.uo ... forco4 'l&pelft t~ floo: of tq IOU..o b)' • 4h ch&rp poUuoa e.lped 'b7 218 ••or•• :hl• a.e\loa • u aocoe•ry boc. .. tho JwUcl&l'J c-s. U.o, w:J!or Clail'taJ'l S.uoa 1'. Sl.JMc:r-• o.! !uae, b.a rof'ul.od. • for J'O&U \0 te)co -.q act1CA Cll U an.U-l¥oeh1CIC 'bS.ll. K;9Q"tqr 0 &I IO.oA M B

boo.ao ~ro.ct that tho O.vapn 4.1scb6rct poUUon. would t eeJ:to the I'OC~~Urocl nu=ber of •tcn&turoe. ca.1nuan SUmoore. la an ottor' to block of! tho C.v~ b llt. eu44o~ l.f anoounoo4 an,4 h old boe.r tnc• oA tho Wucholl 'bUl, r,oncrally cor.u4orod o. •OAk 4oC\aor.\l.

Tbo MtLeholl bill • •• r oportod ouL f•vortb~ by tho comm1Ltoo on .t.prtl 7ool'• 41.)' •rd oot1eo •u clvon U~.t.l. t.1. • 0\114 *oo ullod up for voLo on .A,prU 7 wko;~ tho J'\dS.chtY e~t~oe ba.4 proforor.oo em t.hc H«t•o C&letldu.

• bo r.-port..it:« ot tho MUoboll bs.U bi7 thc;t Scu..o Ju1Uc1•'7 ~l\too -... accOIIIpUrlol liT 111lpa.ra.lollo4 tridt.o,., •Ull U.t soqthore oppoAOnh of N1:f aaU-lTDchliiiC lodelatlOD coUC \o all lq\b• to 'bloeJc the l~sl.a\loa.

U h ~rod \.hat \.ho ~clal'J ccce1U~» at ft:ru •oto4 \o roport OU\ tho Ct,ow-.... 'bill GA tho 'crounct U.t a11 ..-sr. of tho Ho\tlo - a N,JotUT - be4 •tc:r.o4 a poU\loa f or u. It h roporU4 tM\ tbJrt7 or moro 'belloto voro Ut.lcon 1ft tho ooaatuoo. all i'aYortac tho a, .... .,llln btU , wbQr<Npon •ceo accibor• o f tho ooalliUoo0 thlrlld.f\C tho hwo h&Jl 'ltoon so\\locl, lof't tho :.oo\11"11• ftton • IIOVO •• • M4o to r ooon.ot4or tho voto aDd. tho •OIJc WHoholl bUl, !\lrtho:r omt•culn\c4 1 aa• ~~;ppr,o•oci•

Vpoa loa.nui'IC ot thh acuon, l\ lt roportQI! tb&t at l.oa1t t.hroo -a.1»•n of tho OOiaitt•o - !ol.u of C.lltornla, falter of Pa.., r.n4 Jyrno. ot

(ConUSl.04 oa Pac• 2)

. ' _,_ 1 .. forlr: - o\Joct.o4 •tcoroo..-1¥ to tho proollhl.f'O Mil callol t oT • aoe 110M lQ& of tht ~uoo. Cba~ ~ors h • •14 to h•o pr4Clu4 to wuhho14 A roporl of tho bUl ~\11 U~ an4 lt pounlo, to ho14 anotbor aoCPfln& of tho CC~:n1 Uot.

tho c.oaa.luoo, t.Moucb Ooacrc•.., 16n'4odt of tTt.tl, aelrcd. ~ oo11 .. d on MeA.., to uttn4 tb!J \lao for fll\IIIIJ: ltt raport to Dl~l.cbt, lnot. CoDCTo•~ lllc.~. of uunou, o'bjooto4,

Witoboll Oppoto• ~etitution 1::1. thct 'Dtuer a.~W~UYorin; braek a..nd. forth, U wu loanocl u-.t Ooqre.-.n !~~,:!'~~!b.~i,!!!'::~·a~!:::.,:~~r~.~:rbi~.!:'::l~~~~ ~!.•!!:: \ho a\\e.chod to u.

Oa ~. April 1, 10'. 06Yap.o • • ~proaehod b7 a ~c., or tho Ju4lcl&t)' cca:~Htoo wbo t.ol4 bt• tbo cocntuu ••• Mvt.ne "M.r4 t~o vHh tho anu .. lyi'IOhi~ \l t ll an4 tukod hta lf ho •0\)14 110t contont to tho Dki1dnc cut of all tho )IIUcholl 'bill a.tt.or tho e na.ct.1n.c ollv.&lo M4 tho s\llleUtuHon, froa the:ro on, of cho Go.•acao. bt.ll, • U.h UHc.':oll ,uu bo.YifW t.ho erQIIU tor the lOCS.doUo:o .• Wr, Gava..;N"~ ropl1od thM ho •o.•l ~n\or~etod onl,f to tho oMot.oont. or o 1ttona: &llt.i-l,yneht n.s blll 4'.114 thtlt ho ttol\14 t:Wl¥ .ocrt!ico tho honor of hrwlnc M1 r.a:so on U and would &1vo tM\ 1-.onor to IU. JtUc:holl 1t W.r. MHclloll wOQl4 coc•on·t t.o \bo M.l.batHuUoo, Vr. WU.eholl rd\lao4, On 1\l.o1d.ay1 J.prll 6, Nr . Oa;vc.gc;D Wo.t aco..1n. all):od tho lf!CO q.J.uUon o.n4 p.•o tho 1«:~0 antoor and A(!(l.ln IU, Wltcholl r otutod. It h boUov<-'4 thnt Wr. W.Uoholl ·~• f olloWinc tho tn,true uone of IG'.l thom co~rc,ctn, porUculMl¥ Chaltrntl !-~••• wbo 414 ftOt vut & atroct; MU- l,yachln.t bUl cor.atdortd. co Ollttlt' • •• ~ ... &t tnd'loi to u.. lo.ino•W DOl'nl.na, J.prt.l ? 1 bo.foro the WHcholl bUl Wl\1 CQnoh1orod , Oo"C"'ctlcOA WUeh411 ~o ou'. ln U\o l a.lblQC'on Po1t Vi th n. 1trone: ttAtmant oH.c.kl~ t ho 0..-wa.r,an )1.11.

lbOA tho KQ\lto eoonwcoo4 ot r.oon, OOfiJl'OIICII'\."1 lbruwol Coller of Brooklyn, ». Y. , wa• 1olocted b~ ~ho Ju4ic1ar,r c ooa1t too to call Up tho Wlte.~oll bill for c.cnll.dorauon. Thh M.pvcn-od Alter •o:.o 4ol4.:r ecuao4 by tho oolll:lc'; tor A r oa.dtns or tho J'Q:'IU'U.} 1 t ho w. .. .ce:a~lon \bat a quor.a ~0.1 not prcaonl. , 6a4 thQ calltr.c: for l.hc rco41Q& of tho onU r o lllU.oholl bill ,

Tolocr~ 114 7l'h'-

C:Oapouau Jo1 tor of lulfalc1 • .., York, a Pod pClf'CI61110n to rod into t.ha roeord. Woo tolOGJ'GOa Glioh h• hod roc01'tod tron hit conttltucnh, atkinG tor tho pat.nco of a otrofl6 MU"l¥""h1nt; bill , U'*nlDO'Ile conton\ lo noccaanTy t or \bh prootd.uro 11.1'14 OoQICJ' .. IOM )Utclloll , of nunoh, obJ OO\¢d \0 Ool'lfP'CUt'IU lloUo:r reacUn,s ttl to \ho :reeord throe hl~ wpporu~--; tto antt .. l~Tichlnr; bill. lib', lottor. ho•C~Yor. _. pcmitt.t \-o e:rtond hi• rooe.ra o:t -.n\1- l.ndll,.., lodola'Uo" 1n tho cor..-::reuloDa.l llooor4, lrJ.t not. t o 1nclt.l4o tho tel~·· Tho W1tchoU t orcoa aro al.o 1A1d t o hA-wo aprQ8.d t ho !'\l:lor ( 'llh lob •e.e wboll¥ faloo) tk6t tbo Whleo Uouao.,.. lc f6vor of \!lei tUtd)oll 'bUl ,

Ciao ot the lq»>rta.nt f t.etora 1ft tho vo\.11 Aprtl ? , •o.• t ho flo~ of tol.,.,.ACI •hlch CMQe tron all po.rt.1 of tho OO\IIlt1')' on Wa1dto', !\lo1~, Art\ Wodnoede>' to ecntro .. mon oak1na tlua to eupport tho Oo.v~ 1i1Ul. Porho.pa tho noot iatluGJ.\ti.&l ot thao hlflll:race woro thou t'tOD ~Hors o f ldl\lonUol ICO"Q poporu lohrt t.. Yau ot tho Pt.Ut'b'~ ~~ Ce.rl ltvptv of tho •~M::::J.oor•w; ttra. C. 11. ro.oll M4 P, H. ¥., ta.YOi)r----oJ' \~tgr4ep btl; C, A. f'ro.r,klln of %h.t ~I lloor .L. CA.rt.r ot Opportunlsx and R01 • tUd.na of %bJ.£1:1.1i.J . td.Uor Robort s , AbltoU ot tbo Ohicaco potq t!f1sr •• O'Ut of IU• ottlco o..-.1 414 not pCTtonoll.y 111.1tborilo tho \Uo ot blt l~f~Qe, tNt o:ao o·t bit tWf ac::c::)on o\.ated Unt bo fdt co.rlain tir, .l\lbott -ou.14 oa4or .. NCb. a til~

Tllo n.lght ~otoro ,tho vo~o ••• to be i nkel'l tho l , l.,A, O,P. aont nltf\t lo\\ort f l'OC \hlt c1 ty •o 282 tr londo Of AnU-1¥nchln« lc4itlA\ion 1tl tho &u.o urclnc tb.ca to repud.l•U thQ wtak W.U.choU b1U a.n4 ~te en Aprll lZ for tho Oa•e,p.D blU, Jollo-lnt: tbe .,.oto tho •.A,.L.C.P. t ori\ 1?6 tolocl'GCI8 of tl'~ t~ coccrotmeD atld lU tolOSJ:'Nll t.o thoao cont;rq:noon •ho • otod to Oont14or tho MUol'loll bl\1 • imolt t nc t.hcc ~~• thM H \'Ina lett to vot.o for \ho Go.vt~~;M blll .iprll 12.

b. o441UOQ tbt s.A • ..L,C,P. 4t t01;t ~ • lonor to 33? oor~rotiOCft f'vl..h.r 1t:rYlU~ thtllr oontidor.tlon ot and. 1\11))01"\ f or tho 06w~ 'bU.l .

Tho ~o p.llory on 4ptll 'I bod a eoodl¥ n\ldtor of wtd.\1 6ACl colored. ptoph ltl.tuct hd in ~~ &.d1.ool.1Dchlnt; btll Al'>4 tholr proecnoo .,., no'\o4 ~ (Co•U~od, on Pa,ec 3)

'JS.H~ lr.fp.ll'lll\ Coll'OCI.f':UU

In o. ~pooch •h1ch wu inoorhd in t.ho Con«roolliooAl Roeord 't or April '7, , Coru;rooiQOn UUeholl e»4o o. b1Hor at.tCloCk upon tho Sopublice.n aool:lort of tho You••• touthom l)QC)I)crft.Uc g.(J:IbO'l'O o..nd. nortb.orn and bordor ot~to Da:Kiorato 00~ ' c ludlug 1ft tb ll blhtor11.'l£: Cl'ltUt~tlon of tho KoUol"oal J.t~ct.o.tt.ou f llr tbtJ Mva.noo-eumt of Coloro4 P ooplo tibS.oh ho accut011 ot nn41M out • foloo, Ylc1ov.• Ar.4 unWo.rrtu\t.od •to.tocCilh' About bJ.o o.nd a.'bout antl-lynchine loahl.aUon 1n t;cnw.t.

Con.:rootoor~ IUtcholl told nQifiPCIPOl' oon thn.t. tho 110\1. \.horn DccoeNLta hod 'docol•od' hlo. In thio oonnoct1on, it •o• rocollod by tho N.~.A.C.P . thAt oo *r<:h 13, 19361 CQ~ciE*n Ultcholl 1tntlld1 1'l'horo 11 no m n on th.:l floor of tho BoQ.oo thot. Oo~~ro•~ean 8\l:lnotl tbtr.kl aoro ~ than he doot o f O!J, • Mr. WJteboU al•o bu doclnrod troo Uoo t.o tlr!o in the p!.lblic prots .o.nd ln lotton t .hat ho hA4 r.~cu'Q" ftlon41 amorv: •~thorn Dooocr4ltlc coni;rc:oft:'.e."\, In tho f oeo of thoto doelo.ro.tiono, 1t 11 intorctUtl(: to lcnoo ~hOt Chalmo.n S\r.u:lcn wbui ttod e. oil'lorl ty report flntl¥ oppootne: Ul.o lH teholl bill ood tl~ otb« o.nH-)¥nehl f14 btU.

!ho voto ot co~roe.oo:'l on tho prqpoo1 tlon' to conoldC" tho lU. tcholl bill April 7 wa• •• fllllow•t

I liAS - 122

.llo•hi.ro. lilon, Dol .i .\Dd.oroon, wo.1 J.n»ld, lllorrAn."l,· Bolru'lll, Po., 5 Beyer, Boylan, )l. Y.; D-.1ck, Buckler , llltnn.; ~'U'lon, uo. ; Coller, Cl~ton , Cltf'pool, Coldon, Colo, WdoJ Ca•oe.l, Croeb;~, Crouor , C'..a:~1Il,!~ll\ Dal)', D1~-:oll, Doc:...-•o1lo:r1 Dowell. DrQWl)', Vt~..: tokort, »bitten, tlchor, fa.Mh, 7o.rlqy, 1oraueon, ll4~n, notchor, l Of'd , C411fo1 J roy, Pn.; J'T1o•, Ill. ; OOobrill, llildoa, Gii\;OJ'7, Goldo'Cor<Jur:Jl1 Gr(lf, Ind. : Gro•nmo~1 Oroovor1 Grl, ttold1 Cvynno, &.S.noo, M.mlltol'l, Hancock, » . o. : ll:U'rtncton, Bc.T t or, mll, OldO.ol nook. nou.~or:..

Aho• I obof! 1 Jaubson. Koller, Xolly, tll.;XoModo,-1 lldo; Urr.o.n 1 noel>, Xrt1ff1n1 IoppliXllllln .• lrwor, l(lrraboo1 Loo, Lceir.oki, L411h 1 Col'o.: LC'Jh 1 lol4.; tons. Wcao, luooko, Ulch.; llebdron'a, llcCott~Gok, llcOrtt.th, ),(cLo.w;hlJn, Ytls llngalo, Wtt.vor-tck, M(loll.d1 Wook•, 1Utcholl, t U.; Uuaor, Po.; Wo•icr, Ohio; 11\lrdoelc, Utah; )Johon, Ot.l:l.rlO!l, Illoj Ol!r1on, I.Uch,;O' Con!'.or1 J.1ont.1 0 1Connor, li, Y. ; 0 1Noo.l ,' K¥·5 Palo11ano1 Po.t.tor•on, Pettengill, Ph1111po1 Plerco, Polk, Rnbo.ut j Rofburn.

l•ho, Rooco, 'l'OM•t Roo6, 111,; Reilly, RS.gno;,'1 Robinu~n, Ut~; F.oba1on, xt.; Re.'\)uo, ~M, So.bAtb, Sadowaki, S~.(lo!'Gl', Ill•l Sebuo·tc, Schulto, Sh.Qrt, S1rovlcho 8'-.IIL'10r•, Tox,; STJoonw, oYD,ylor, !orm, ;Vhor:naon, 7oX.; Thoq,aon, lll.: T'r~, Voorhia, Woe.r1n, f11Hrca, Z1alon:10o11.

NJ.YS - 257

All0111 14. ; J.llon, PA •• Aolio, J.odrotcm, Winn,; A.ndrowt , Jo:ro:u\11 1 A.tldnaon, 'llardon, B~uy, »ntoa. Boitor, :Boll, BornArd, :S1(.c:low, D1tldon:~p, Blc.nd., ilooa, lloohno, llo1loon, Boron, »orktn, :Sr&dlcv, Drooator , iroob, BroTm, Uuroh,- llu.M1ok, Ce.l&loll, Co.:rllon, Ccl.rtor, Cc.Ttwrir.ht, Caao, S,Dok.; Cna cy- 1 tu-.u . ; Chandlor,Chu.rch1

Olt't'Qn1 Clark. 111.0. ; 01Aoon, Clu.ot.t, Coehra..'l., Coffoo, Nobo.; Coftoo, leu~h. ; Colo, J . Y.: Coll1nr,a, Colnor , Cor.nory, Ooolcv, Cooper, Cott..ollo.

Aho. Cox. Cmwtord1 Orovo1 Croutbor. Culki-n, C".U.lon, Doon , Dol(U)C)', Dcq:~t(ff, DQW'<J.th, Dollouon. D1cl'"..ato1n, D1oa, Dirl'..1on, Dhnoy1 D1ttot', Dixon, Dondero , DoraCI)'1 Do\I.Ghton, D~lc.a , Doxo,y, Drov, :f'Q,; Drt.vor , D\.lnc(\n0 D--mn, l)'\ton1 l:bCirh&rtor, Zllonbogon, ~ol , 11\:lobri(;ht. S'vo.JUI , l'hh, Pltl!torald1 Fit1'pn\rlc:lc0 llnnnol')', J'lecor. Jo.r.OO, lord, lU.u .; J\lllor , J'ulnor, Gnaqu.o, Ga.Yt~i.;;nn1 Goarhart 1 Gchn::aru'l , G11'tord1 OrQ¥1 Pa.; Groo.n,l Groaory, Orl tftth, Gu.Yor •

.!.ho, Jklll oolt, Jlo.:l~oclt. ». T.; Rort., lWtlcv. Rwo:tnor , ttot'-lcv, ilondrlekl, Dildobrandt, Wll, .t.lA.; Tlill, lAth.; iiobb1 1 JlottCAtl, J!olo<!l, Roopo, ;~tor, JCI-n:an, JarT.ott, Jonk1l\t1 Ob10ol Jcruc., B,U.; Johnean, Mim .: J «l.n•on, Oklft.; Jobneon, Tox,; Johnoon, 1', Ya.; J ono1 1 :lolly. li. T .; 1CCN'I(Iot\y1 N.Y. ; Xc:nncv, 1Bnaor , lltchont~,

neltora:, X:IN.tton, loe1Alko••k1· lvalo , l«lborteon, l«<.l>oth, £o.nl'.&J), Leavy I teW:c. Lw::oo Luckqy, Itl'bro; 1A.ldl o• 1 ~Clellnn. Wcl"AJ'1Mo1 UcGrpory,

J.t.o, WcXcouell, YoLoo.:s, UCWUlan, W~old,, MA.o.a, Ya,:s:nu.aon, W&~n, S, O,f w.hon, !ox, ; Wo.lonqy • Wantt1.old1 llapett 1 MAn ln. Colo. : Wart1n , \Lt\u,: Ytl•on, *f, llorr1t.t, ~Uehon.or, W:lllcLrd, KHlor, Wllb. Moh, W\lr&)ck. A.rh.; O•Cor.noll, Mont, I 01 0oMoU, R. I.: 0 1Loo.ry1 OIWQ.llqy1 01Wolll1 lf.J. ; Ql'l'ool o, Olivor, ()ocm1 Pace, Po.tc.rt, Patrick, Po.Hon, Pooroon, Potcnon, rla.; Potoroon, On,

A.lto, PQYior, Pfoitor, Plucl.Cf/ 1 Pooeo, Powora1 ~nn1 R.oc1~ 1 ac.o.pook, JID.rulolph. llAilld.n, Rood, I. Tel Rooa, Xani, J Rtch, Robortaon, Ro;;on, )bu,; Ro1:ur1, Okla.; Rutbortord,· S&clc:a, So.ndort, Sautb.:>rt, $ehno14or, Ito.; l<l.ot.t, SO!-:Ol', Sbat.r, Utob, l lbo.nlCIIYo Sbclppard, loUh, Oo:M.; a.D.tb, »Hno; fh1tb, Va,; &.:11th, I. ~._·1 lr.•ll • Iouth, Spar~. 8pot10o1 lta.cko 8t.o.rno1 , StOOMll 1 Stefan, Sutphin,

(ConU.n.1o4 on Ptll;o 4)

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...

/

-.-

~o-lh, Wd., ~rll t , .. ~~ MA.eyland C01.1n of Appoolt wU.l h011r ibt are-.ac:ct 4v-1nG: th.o ••* J.prU la-.1? on tho euH •o foTco t h.o lol Uooro County tloud. of 14lCWLUon 'o pro'Y14o b.15k eohool laeiUHot tor lotro c.hU4roa ln tbo oouatr. tht own'J', at proeca•, ~. ol..,oa h!sb .choolt tor •hUot &1'14 noao t o:r JJQa:ro ...

'lbo aa u , tlbiob • o• loa t- ln tbo low01' C-WTt., •o.• 'br<N(tlt. in bcbalt of • ooloro4 ctrl .-bo 2ud f1nhbo4 tbo tlcont.IJ")' tcbool hi t ho ocunty (l.n4 ha4 .ppliod IUI4 bo.n 4onlo4 ,., tbt hlab t cbool ln. Cat.oMYllh, W4., on tho et'OWid U~et tho tohool • u tor 'lhlt.ot o.."\4 libt ... a loc::ro, AUOJ'ftGIJI for t .hb apptll&nu &1'0 Cba.rlee L Kwl\oo Uld !ha.rcoo4 Manball or tb~ I..A.A.C.P. lCIV'l tt&tf. Nl4 l.oou A. IM..ao Atld • .,.4 ?, J,qron 41 WuhliiC\On. D. c.

\

NA.TIONA.l OffiC.tRS

•llll:IIIU J . t. ,,. ......

NATIONAL Ass8'ciATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF COLQRED PEOPLE

UlC:UTIV( OFf"ICfii!J

WALfll WMJU

ROTWIUIMf CN.Il • .AM 0' Tltl IOU.O

Ol.lOUII T. WlliMT

¥1Cl·PIII10llifl H••••• H, •u••ou&ld ~~ •• 1.-;.·&:.c:o~:.·· I II HOI' JOM'I A. GlltU RIV JO.:" HUII.t HOLIItl '

1. ct~w:i~~:~t~ Ul I, S l'tMa.UII

o\\..0 GAII\1011 V n ,LoUO

tUAIUUI W.U l WHIU OYIU TOM

110-''*P OIL" t)lAaOJ'Od

AU... A..T,Wa.Jdu IJ.a!ll_ .,. t"•rt ¥11..tuo <'llollh~4.ce, ..,_._., J"'oot . W&Alq 0. lt\oliMIII

",."·''~"'· \\ , \ 'a,T, 0. X'\lu., f'hk.i;A JWY. 1CM~ei$oll W. ~kfuo~l-

(.(t ... $... ~~~~t'i7t,~.'r.'"' ... ""'«' ...... IC'mPf"''a, 1( ... 1'1'-...holll t,T .. II.

~~-·n.~.J. s-,..~~~

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\\' - , T,..a.o Wa..ttlfll\1•11

.... 1l, Ll&'htiM.J HOfl. f"' W. Jt.:~M l ((ln. r'r&nll; Mu1'1111:t' Wluta.rn AI t•n. Wbh• or. N. c. 'MePiwnoo»~ Ur-a.o.O.r.~r-.on Ulll&" A. Ala&.fULO,t Jl.•"'· H 111thf,.. C, l.ll.alaol> ~=·~al~~,?~a,{ C'nlnlll H111Mn T . O.lt.n)' I~MI J;)o.vt. t)u 6oiA lAWtl &. Ol.flMU lt. ... J Cih'll , ... ,. .... ) loi,.. Ot. WIIJI..a~ l..l~ lm .. Ja.mu W•IOon Jllb-n.on UOfl. Htrbltt1 H. l.Ahm.u J -.m.• w: .......... t lon. Cu'911~0·J)u iliU'J' WbUA Ortnatoo J...- a. RoWnMn· A,-111ur 1), iflll~am J.lC. 8Piftl".lnl QluiM H~ ISW4.1" Hon. CUI"'M ll. '1'_,Fr&- Wllllama Or,lAII~ T. Wrtallt

Or. William Allat~ N•u.» s-o. ,.,nJ .. to...SON Wartla 814nq R. a.dtJioo.d J.IO(l. A.rtll.'llr Cla$1ptr R. Q. t:......,. Ola.riM JCclw4 ... itll-1)

8:: g':=~T~:~

SATIO!'o'AL UCO.U. 00~

C't111INWWll Artl:.lir a. trol.ftc•n. ti .. loa• • Cl•,._ O.trow

:...::.~~';.. C....llrtqe, ll-. r.u .. Frukturtu ~. w.v .. 'I'. O. Nuttn c.t-w.. 8. c. ~. J, nMI.f'lc.lll :oo-1'wlr Worrt. 1. Eiut

Artll'llr Oarft.,l J-~ Ch• rtM.H. HOOMtOII KutH,I,.I...ttrn J_.,...,.,u lf•rborl. X. fti.Odt\0. Cb•rtM K. 8CIJIO.Ifl

t'll'-""'•rc\• r., UorMor 1. nroow11 T .. I ..... OIII• J-&Hultp , Wll-""1...._, V.(l. Wlll'-m Jl, Hull• " UmJ .. , ._, n.1. t .ou!• 1 .. R.,.etn•

69 FIFTH AVENUE, NEW YORK

• T&LI,.KO,..II.t A\.OONQUIN oi&·3Stl1

0/li<ial Ott••: The ciuu

o· May 21st

1937

I .

j I

AIR LII\IL--

Ulltl'UIT IICIOAI1 ronoa. nu cat•t•

WtllloUI I"IUUII OIUC:10a Of IU.CIUI

DAitf f. Lu • ·ttllll ,.uo ucan u•

CHAaUI H. Hou-no• lf'IC:141. f:OU"'Ul

liiVfi.OOO!N.UIHAlL I IIIUAJII"f "lCIAl COUNUl

JUANITA L JACQOII J., lt.IAL • nll14111f 10 f MC

llC•ITo\lf

SP:EXJ IALi DELI VERY

MY dear Mrs. Roosevelt:

It was certainly nice lla Vill8 that talk w1 th you last evening, particularly because you are lookill8 so well despite the strenuous program you are carrying. '

If it be possible, I hope that the appointment w1 th the President for l.lr. Spingam and myself can be arranged for either I.londay or Tuesday, l.!ay 24th or 25th. J4y reason for asking this is because i.ir. Gavagan and I are leaving New York on the 27th on a speaking trip 1n behalf of the anti-lynching bill l'otlich will carry us as far as Los All8eles. we will no~ return to New York until June 7th.

I know you and the President will be pleased to see the enclosed copy of letter from the new Tennessee Senator, Mr. Derry. If the Congressional !ntelli~ence figures are right, and they are confirmed y l etters and other communications we nave had from the senators they list as favorable 1 this gives a possible vote of 73 for t he bill aga1nst only 23 opposition votes;

Mrs . Eleanor Roosev•lt The \Vhite House Washill8ton, D. c.

I'll'/: CTP'

secretary .

28<h ANNUAL CONFI!RJ!NCE, DI!TROIT. MICH .. JUNE 291lo . JU LY ilh, 1937 lHDOitSID IY' THl NATIONAL li~FOitM"TION IUitUU. Jlt 10UIIITH AYINU£, MIW lDitiC

fbve You Wrltt•n Your SM•tors •nd Concrusmen Urginc Suppoa olthtt F~deral Anti-Lynching BiJJ?

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c 0 p y ceorge L, Berry, Tennessee

IDIITED STATES SENli:TE

Cowmittee on hlilitary Affairs

Ue.y 18 , 1937

t.:r. Walter \\'bite, Sooretary National Association For The Advancement ot Colored People New York, N. Y.

Lly dear Sir:

This 1& to aoknowledge your communication ot the 14th. I am not familiar with the status of the bill to which you !Jlake reference but I want to maks it very olear that I have been i n the past and shall con- ~ tinue to be interested in ond favora-ble to this legislation.

Very s incerely,

(Signed) Ceo . L. Berry

•

'

)

lollY 22. 19,.,

· ... • .

Tbe ''ruldeot NJ• \bat be is no\ r .. uhr • ...,..,b wttb tbe .,....,... -edure to ri" you reall¥ cood adrlce. I tb1Ak 7011 11.14 better t.rv.a\ to \be l*)ple 111 char~• ot tba bUl. &a tar u be is coac•I"MC!• t -.e oal.J tbial 'Oblcb bot.bra biA h oa the •clooed -""~• -.bicb I 110\lld lUte you to r.>tur. \o M wba you ban read u. Be MJI be la ~ulte wiUiAI \ o han the btU broUCb\ up llQ11

or \o haft you do oi\YtbioB you ""to r et 1t pessecl• &Dd• 'Obtle be doos not t hl.olt that thel'll 11 AO¥tht~~g 1\:>r bte to t alk O'f&r with lira 8ptlll'lrn. l aa sure 1t llr. SpliiC&rD wrttea bte. ho riP· M e bte.

Yery a1ooerely your• • '

ltr. lllllter llhito

{ (,)

... 40- -•

\

THE WHI'!'E HOUSE W.UHINOT ON

IJsy 20

Meoo t o l.!r . !Auir:

Wr . 1'/a l t ol' Whi te hD.e a n a ppo i n tment

t o eeo' ~re . Ro~eevelt t h1e evon1ng

at 7J<l0 P. IJ.

. loll i o

TELEGRAM

l l".'Uii27DL

u:::n

!.!rs Elennor l\oosevel t 1'he '.!hite liou~> e

·.:111 be in '.lrshinet.on Thuee4oy very much t~lk with you en(l if the Presit1 ent

:!nlttlr :!hi tc

1226pm(l

I

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I

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I ""' SUd 1our &rtp ••

will pt ta a t.• 4Qe.

D

w.r. oilll tor ',1h1 te Hat . r..SS ' D for A4VUCCUif)b~ or colored People 69 5th A l'e U'lC

\

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·.

HATIOMAL OffiClltl

, ........ n J. L IHIIUU

(.M,t,I_I.Ail Of Till loOUO tt.. Lov .. T. WlttMT

NATIONAL ASSOGIATION F<;'R THE ADVANCEMENT OF COLORED PEOPLE

68 FII"TH AVKNU I!, NEW YORK·

Uf:CUTI\11 Of,ICIJtl

W41o.Ua Wlln' ltOT WIUIW'

ucuun

""'""-•' ll(.lll"-11' IOitO., Till Cll111

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tau.cu•n lh.ll' WHffl 0\'UftTOIII

fiOAQ) OF DlllMITOU

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w~ D.C. Willi..,. lf. Hu lS. \Yll ........ n.l. t..oula L. a.«l!lll"

• ·' J\llle l Oth 1937

WIU.IA• ,.ICIIUI DI.ICJOI OP UoUU:IIU

DAtU ( . l4 ... 111 r111.0 .. ,.fTU'I'

(IU.It~U H, HCMIIJOII IPICU.L tOIIJtiiU

/ -~ ~t.,L....- t.;: ~ 1 tl ~ / ) 1/ I

/ I '· c. ...; ..... Mr. Cavaean and I have just returned from a ...:~~

speaking trip in behalf' of the anti -lynching bill which carried us as far west as Los Angeles . It .G. ,..._vz was a reue.rkable and gratifying experi en.ce to f ind r, tt ,,_ the enormous enthus iasm for t he anti-lynching bi l l , · particularly anone '·Illite people. In oome of the C. p. ..... ,

· mo r e southern cities, like Louisville , i:entuc lcy, and l~ansas Cit y , Mi ssouri , the audiences were nade up of fifty percent or nora whites . In Los Angeles on a Sunday afte rnoon when t h e weather was delieht1'ul and \'/hen there "er e aeny counter attractions such e.s baseball games , bat hing beaches, corumencementl and the like, we had 4500 peopl e e.t e. meeting in\dne or the very l a r ge down-town churches. Warner Brothers staged a special broadcast l'mich covered t he entir-e Coast. I t was grat i fying to know o:f' this t remendous int erest. · .)

the May

Have you Presi dent 25th?

had opportunity as yet to take up w1 th the t\10 point s raised in my l etter of

There is another matter I wnnt you and the Presi dent to know about that is causing tremt!lndous concern among Negroes- - namely , the talk about appoint nent of

~'~:;o~rR~~!n!~rt~~i!~: ~~r~~~ae~u~;pee.~e~i~n~~~sing colored newspapers. The H.A. A.C. P . is \)ei ng besieged as t o its attitude on such on appointment if it is made . '.7e have, however, refrained t hus far rroo =king any stat~ent. A£ter reading t hese editorials I hope you will call tJ:!em to the attention of the President .

0

28do ANNUAL CONPRRENCE, DETROIT, MICH, JUNE 29ch · JULY tth, 1937 IJII.DCMIIID IY T111 MATIOIIAJ. INFOII. ,Utofi i UIIIUU. 111 'OIJITH AYINUI. MlW YORK

,.,.. Yov Wrltt•11 Your S•~Ytou .nd Conrr•um•n Urtlnt Support of tht Ttd1tal A rui-Lynehint Bill;

, .. '

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NAtiONAl. O"l(tll

............. J. L s.ot-..••

CUII• .U 01' 1M I I .O.U O DI . I.OUII T. 'WtiiM"T


ee FI"H AvaNue:. NEw Yoi'IK

lliCUTI'ir O,,tCIM

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110.\.ll.DOP~U ==- · ~~·.::: t ............ Ma~oo. t;•rot, MutqQ. IIIIf.On n. .. ,,...._, W.\" .. T, o. tfuuu C:OW..• ..... ~--w. "~ a.. ..... ~~ ... ..... .,.._ Kn~ottH~•· "--'· rt••"'"''"· ,._ Hrw~l".~. ~~ ......

"--:::=........,_..., .... U...,IIIIM ..... , .... . ,. ....... _ "'...,... ,._ .. _

t.M.Ud!QW H-I~W . .IIl- l'h.llkM"""' WIUIIUII All•n W•ll• Ot N, C. Kt.PhtrMII o, .. .,,...."'" ....... ~~ "'"'"---0. ..... .,, wa~wo,.,or..... •. ,.o.~ H11'-"T• ~·JIF Jtt<'ll•l P.YI.I 'Dii .... IAWI.o&:(l• -lt

IW~t':i!!:~: •::..~ ,_ . .,..,..._ ''-- """'-" R. ........ ,_ ......... .. _ CV.U..O'Dottr NAt? 'Wnlft. o..,.._ J-lt.~ ""'"'' 8.1--•1"11 J, & .P14•m ct.• tl"' ' " •ta4tn u-. ClliU1• & T....,

t.~~~ br.,..._ .......... ~ -lMHN WUI.l• 114- ... "'"--4 H-. A.oQuf Ce.pp.t ......... ~ ............... 0r.~T:.c ...

W.\TIO:oiAJ.. t..aQ.U. 00...,...

.I.IIClOI Ot U.ui(JI'U o .... , r. L4-• n:.•

fi l lJ UCIIOU'f CMdlU H. Houn o•

••cc1u eoU•nl T~lfii iii.OOO WU:UI,o.U.

I I 4UIU A•f "ICIAt. (Ou••n • 1~~ .. Jvu n A l. J &«AOJI

JUne lOth 1937

I 1: "'"'·"" u.&I.Uut 10 nil Ac..'t, 'l'tr~" .' nu'"'" ~: ,, "" (.. '· (

j ,J I / f t ..;

lty dear ltro. lloosevol t : ' l ••

\ ·-• • I

nr. Covoean and I hevo just returned t'ron a ..;., spooking trip in behal f of the onti-lynchinc bill l'l'trioh carried us QB far \/GOt as Loa ,\ngel es . I t ·' • ' was ll rmmrl;;able and crntityine oxporienco to i'ind the onoruous enthusiaso for the onti - lynehins bill, particularly onong 1~1ito people. In oome of the moro s outharn cities, like Louisville , i:entuclcy, Md J:onsna c ity, Lissouri, the audience a were nude up ot fifty porcant or uore 11hites . In Loa ADgeles on a Sunday nt'temoon 1;hen the 11eather 11as delie)lttul and 11hen there \lore =.y oounte1· attractions such as baoeball ewnes , bothin(; benches , COTlflODO emonts and the like , we had 4500 people at n mee ting in·one ot the very large dOI·m-tO'•m churches. \lamer Drotners staged e !lpec1al broadcast 11hich covered the entire Collet , It WllS gratitying to kno·., ot thi s tremendous interest •

P.av" you hed opportunity as yet to take up with tho President the t110 pointe raised in cy letter ot J:ay 25th?

. ' . -... ,

Tllere is another nat'ter I wont you and the PresidOJlt to know llbout t)IQt ic oousinc trenendous concern amone- l!egroes-- Dal'l8ly, tho talk about nppointnent or Senator Robinson to t he Suprene Court . I am enclosins a tow or tho edi torinls '.'/hioh havo appeared in the colored ne•tspapers. The 11 .. -.A . C .P . is boi ne besieged ss to its attitude on such on sppointnent 1r i t is Dade . ~/e have , bOIIOVer , refrained thus fllr fron no.king any stntcnent . .'.fter rolldins these editoria l s I hope y9u 11111 call theM to the attention of the I'l'esi dent .

'

lad> ANNUAL CONPBRENCB. DETROIT, MICH., JUNE 29th ·)liLY ith. 1937 lNOO.IID I 'I' fHI NUION..U IH,OIIIIUTION IUf!CAU, lU rou •TH AVI:HUt, HlW YOIIIk

llrtt You Wrltt•• Your S• natotl and Contrtnmen Urtlnt Support of tht T •dtral Antf·Lynchfnt Bll/l

#2 - Ure. Roosevelt

With cordial personal renards, I wn

Mrs. Eleanor Roosevelt The \'/bit e House · Washi ngton, D. c.

',',i"/: CTF

6/10/3?

I ,

'·

, ....... f

J. L 51't1U.III

CMAiliiAM 0, fil l IOUO DL Lo\llt T. WllltMT


UlCUTIVl OffiCUI

w.uru w•un

¥1U·,IUI011tl No\lll l t H, IUI IIOU.II I Ho•. Ailll'f,lt C• .... tl 5:t,.-&j~ .. ·~~V.ue

I ln. JOMI HATUI HOL•U JUII WUOOII J~IOM ::~M~itCt'J~~~~•4_..1 tu. O IW.U.O <iAII Ia.GII \I'ILU. I D

tll•r.IUitU J NUT WtUTI. OVIIIIITOM .J

ltUAIW U ... DlJUI(,TOU

AII.U&a A. T. Wa.l_.d ~~ I CniWv ... C..PHM(f>. ...... Ptot. Waalq O.ll~ ~. w.v .. T. O.Wwtttr

n .... J_p .. w. Jonaot-on

to~~\?{~~~ vi•

l...lL l.latltotr

89 FiFTH AVENUI!, NI!W YORK

Tn.IPMONI ALOONOUIN • · IBIU

RO't Wlli.IU .lNIITAIIT llC:tn u Y

IDITOl . tltl till II

WtUIAW I"IUCIIIt ----~'01 Or llAMtMU

Thank you for your letter abbut the telephone t:tessage,which I shall await with i nterest,

:::::~.!·~;r..:, You doubt less saw in tho newspapers that t he '""'-•"MW1>1•• J ud i ciary Cormittee o f the Senate last J.;onday r eported r.n..,.l•, Ku.

~ ..... ~u,, "'-~ •• -~~.X.~. Xtw\·.,.~

~;~~~== favorably the Gavagan-\lagner-Van lluys bill, H.R, 1507 , ~~~·~.;';e~akop by a 13-3 vote. The two mer.tbers who wer e ubsent are ~~-':.."/::.'~~ •-· botb recorded as favorable to the bill. we expected :~:!:.1~;.~1t:'-eot. Senatot~s CoMally of Texas and Borah or Idaho to vote t=.'1!~~H6lii\U against the bill but were very uuch surprised that f:m:~:~le'?J::: Senator Pittman was the t hird Senator to vote against

\ ~~.u~~~o~~~gtat\ 1 t. We have ronde inquiry of hitl o.s to his reason for H-9n. uo11- •..,_ ~::..~~~~oo doins so. A!1J!.'IIr Jl, eptNa.m

a.!"=:l·~··~ •:Je are naki ng all possibl e effort to get t he bil l

~· .. rWa .... pt .... .... HOG.Chel1 .. .. ~

~~,:',!~'==•• called up before the Supreme Court measure is b1-ought Dr. wtmun"uus.J•- up for debate on t he Senate floor . :te ware somewhat

OkiU-CI41 l"lollaU,.tll• liC. J.-1• T-.c-b .ICau. Waoto, -r-At W••Wac1oon

,_o,_ a l amed to read in t oday • s papers· that Senator Robinson :,.-;:=,.~:~-:;:,.... pl ans to call the Court bill up next week . ~le have " '"' ArU.II f CfJI~.f \'tired Senato:r 1./agner ureing hi i:l ' to put forth every !~~;,!"::..~n-11 possible effort to get t he anti-l ynching b i l l brout;ht 8~:~~t!"T~~ up and passed betore the Court bill is considered .

XATIOXAL 1.&04L ~

ue...u.- Arth\lr 8. ftplqat n ~ o ._,._ D•ff·o•

lf"'ftnO.Wou~ Mwa.f'dH.MOf'rtl

~-- J.' tll& ,. .... lo;tV:rCit C'IIIArl'""-• w.v •• 1', 0. N11Uer o.a-w.. a.o. N.J.•,...rtell s- .,..,. • Mo,.,.. r .. x~t

A flhllt 0 ll..a.i4 H»" t :ll.u'l .. tL K-tOII K•rt N, U .....aiJa ' l..,.... .,,.,..u llert>ert 1C.. 8toe.)tOII. Cll•rt .. n. fllt,tof.l•

n.....,.P.. h.. lCOft!lllt 8. Browll T ...... Ollh 1-• I. U••ltll \V ........... D,O. WUUata n . TtuU. \~ llllol .... DolL Lout. t.. I\Hitltte

rrN:cTF

Perhaps most significant i n connection with t he Judiciary committee report was tha stat enent in t he \lashington Star last L:onday evening by senator connally that southei'ii"Sanators would not filibuster ac;ainst the bill a !I'd, he added , that he thought the bill would pa s . The followinG norning in the ·./ashinetol} R2!!!• however, he hedged a bit by saying he wa not yet ready to say there would be no filibuster. ·

l.lt:e. Eleanor Roosevelt The Whit e House ~vashi:ogton', D. c .

28Ch ANNUAL CONPI!RENCB, DBTROIT, M ICH., )UN!! 29rh ·JULY icb, 1937 I NDOUID IY THI NATIONAL IN,ORMATION IU"IAU. US fOURTKAVlHUE:, HE:W YOU

Hue You Wriu~n Your Stnstors snd Congrt .u mtn Urging Support of tb• Ftder•l AnM'·.Lyncbing Bl/JJ ...

•

' THE WHITE !10USE WA8HINOT0N

I ,

Ul::UURIU/DUU FOR LIR!l o 1100SE\'ELT1

'fJ,;, llll l hoe 'been repor ted

out by tho~ Snnute Ccc.:.•ltteeo

f. D. R.

0 0

'

•

!.lear 12'. lhitoa

I wl . l be ~a4 to "" )'OU In ••~lncton ot "'17 u .. wbea I •• t reo.

I .. not askiDC ltra. Cro»ell fc:tt' '"""'0' or oloiac &11)'t lllag About w!wt. dhe givoo a• q. Sba 1i so ho:U.t<KI IJ\It t It. io 'I'Or)' clitflcult t.o reel t!at.t. • he rwl)' l<ne>•l INcla about thla£a .

Vory oineorel)' youro,

·~r . !;o.lie~ llblle 6> Fifth l.venue :;yc

•

0

..

f'IUIOt.•T J. I . , ,., .......

NATION~L ASSOCIATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF COLORED PEOPLE

UICUTIVf OlfJClltS

WAI,TII WIIUl IICIIIUAaT

..., WH.•••• ,. CM,IUI.AII Of' .. II .oa•O

Oa, l.Oiolll T. Wa1•11T

eoAJIDO·D~

.......... ,..1', J . &. .......... .......... A.T,W.W.. ...... CutM~UtQ .. .._........_ aoror. w ... .,o.a.... ~W.'Ya.'l". O. K.ouer ~ n..v,I~W.~

f.~ ~o;.!~'iVJ.~* 0....- 1. H. U..htaar ~ u-.r,.w.t..,...

lfoa. ......_..II:W.urtollf .....,.., &.u. Wllli.Uo .uJeo W.Ue Kaallo.Ua., '1'-. o_., N. tl. We,.._...

J-Wti-..,JCIII-1'1-utr.. )f, J , o...- a. .......... ~- 1'..-11: UUI&a A. .u .......

~~·:::~ CJ'IIIQ Hubut T. Dtl...,. ~· o.. .... o..-l,ot .... .. o ..... . ~~·..t~~-t.:'.~ 11-ll•""-" "· ~ J•----"*'•ll li611. C'&rol&:M 0"0., UtiT 'Nlllte o.t-NWa Jln:loM H. ROll._

~b:J:. ~·=~"'

89 FIFTH AVENUE! NEW YORK

TU.a-f'HOHC ALOONOUIN 4 ·35Bt 1

November 30th 19'37


.....,.,..wt ucan.t.at nno•. Tin c•••••

WI I.,LIAW0~~~~!:: Or II .. C:MII

0-tn I , I.AMP'IIIM Plll.D UCUTAtl

CMUUI H, H~110• IP'I.ClU COUMII"I.

fMUHQOD WAliMA U. AUIIU•' .,I.CIAL cou•.111.

Juunu. l . J•et:IOit

'·,'.'.1 \J, •• 2- '(.·, .v 1.--: ..:

J ,, \Yv

II'ICIAI. UlllfAift fO 1M I UCilU.aY

G .,J. / r jl or' t ·o l ,.r

9·.:)-'', ,,.,. '(t<l' vj/ o · ~·-· .y ) v I" 3

I want very much to talk with you at J ~ , ' I' ( . ~ your convenience about the very excit i ng develop- 1 :. mente in 1/ashington since l ast I saw you. J \ Senator Barkley hus been magnificent in his ..,

I> ' integrity end courage. ., ,. r. Here are recent arti_cles, among many,' fY A I

which heve been published about lynohing and the .1r Wagner-Van Nuys bill. rte huve sent copies of these to each member or the Senate, including those Utto oppose the bill .

~~--,~~~~~ I was delighted to rend of your intra-or • ._ .. T. W1111ll -ouu-cn, Dt. Willt-AI!a.aN..U.. duotion ot l:lrs. Doris Duke crom ... lell to the -~lest

I'll» .......... .._,_ ......,.,..,.. Virginia. c.ondit'ions. I have made. several un-t .... ,.. •• m .. ... M_........... suooessful attempts to· interest her in the work ·--"'-·,._ w--..,..... ~0~.~.!!'::!or.~r ot the N .A.A . c .P. In many respects I reel that a ~~~u~~.~r,::. person like herself ·is mor e or less insulated 8~:~q':'~~.,zm against life by her wealth . It is oerta.iDJ.y: a

•• ., ............... - great thing to have a Preeident•s wife \lho can ' A.rt~~u .. aap161uo.Hn•'r«"-.~ introduoe her to aspeots of l ite which she could ~ f~1~.f01Y.: not see ordi.narily.

~w..,.U,. KonU ~ .... ,...u. J"ruktut"' ~W.Y&.'r>O. t. .. tter c.~--., I. 0. N, J . .......,.tioll: *'-II~ ......._ z. A.lu...O.r t.ooln-)1-.Y..tl .. ....,. 4 • ....._

A.l'lllofO..,....Y.,.

~-- ... KoMt.OII Ko~..-. \ol...ab'O , ..... ,.,.,..,. _ ... ·---K.rll." lit. atook'• CNrlooo H. "*l'la lfOIIIU&. ..... a J-e.~ .. ~ .. 1,~

With cordi al personal greetings, I am

Mrs. Eleanor Roosevelt The Will te Houae \'(ashington, D. c .

W'dl C'l'J'

Secretary.

IMOOUID IY THI N.ATIONAL 1NrOIIIIAT10N I UUAU, 111 tOUII1M Avt:NUI. NlW YOIIl

flnt You Wrltr•n Your S•nators Urgln.r Support of tht Ttd~r•l Amj·Lynching Sill!

Lynching 'Picture Blurred

Scm'or Gravts' Hopes lllusivc to Columnist

•

' II I I •

I \

'

"""""'"",.........___ How long will America stand

IN thlt tpeeialttNion of Conttta:t the Stnate ls to conaickr the Warnu-Van S~t) .. anti-lynching bill. ""hach antt the ftderal so,·~rnm,mt power to cftal with our

blllckt~al national dlsgraee. In the revulnr 1ession. the I lou•• paned thla measun! by 277 \'Otfll to 119. When

It ar;>urtd in thft Senate, at least t.,.,o thirds of the

membtrt fa,-ortd il. But In the mu~:oth)' wut ctttain men ~prtstnlinr ly-nduna llatn. Not to OI)PO&t thlt ball mightlote them \Olta. In a union ''here the admtnfttra· t ion pros ram wat~eolna none too rapidly. they threatened

a f\tlbut ltr. Th• tponsora or the antJ-Iynchlng bllltrranatd a com·

promiw; it b«arM ··must "'lcalalation arttr the •rrlcul· tural bill. 'the Stnate adjo~;o~111td ~fore It aol rourttl to crop control. and the lynchfn,R bill would hAve gone Into

the ij:lii' I'Cl but for the extrn ~'l&lon. Meantime. betwun

introduction or thlt bill and ad,oummtnt \\ Chad eltchl lynthlnga, includ1nK an e!ipt'(lally atl"'(ious atrair -..;here

th~ mob used a«'' ltne torthn on the 'ae:dms. lt \\O,ald utm that only a Ahbu!'ttr ('(Mild now dtftat

this nttempt to t'la8e the blot on our clvlllution. No fil ibUitltl' c.an atnnd up in fiiC(l or lld\'Cl'JI4! JIUblie 01)1111011,

Let mt' ull atlf'ntlon to Ollt' count in the Jndietmtnl

againtt Judge L)'Mh: lie 11 a hopc-!fU!y IMOmpettnt

judzt-. tn at lntl a third of the fft'Ordtd catn the mob has probably lyne:htd the wrong m:1n.

Now and then n rnob hnlt tel:tt-d a cull)l'll whom n renl

judge has ju.st IJent ~.:need to t.JeMh, b .ktn him out. And

32

for horrors like these? Can · we-Qnd will we-end them?

BY WILL IRWIN IIEADINO riME • • MINUTtS 20 SECONDS

lync"htd him. Othtrn itt. Ytf tan ne"er JAY lh11. AR)' man

u«~Jttd by l}'nt"h ta .. is cullt7ln the lfl't.l aoto.ae. Study· ina the lmperftct e"•dtnce In 6,000 lynehlnp. one ton•

cludtt that the mnjorH,y or the vletima were probably

~ullty or the ofTtna,(.•a ehflrj4:ctd 11grtinat thtm. But In the

larae minority ,.,.., ca~ wh(+I'O events pro\·ed-aher his

death-that 1M •«u~ had nothing whatt'\'tr to do with

the c:rfmt. casH- or miJla.ktn ldtnlity, ea.- .-here thee\ i·

dtnee v.·a• u thin a..~ li~Mue ra_ptr, cuts where a mob

lynched ror an oiTenl!e whit'h " rt~ l judge would not punllh

with a dollar or """ or a day In 1 he workhouse. For th at small cl<'ment oliAdlttk morons who per1~

trate our I)"MhinJC~ ad oa impul.te and ia the fi rst heat or public lndlgnatif'n, i\ny one ••ho r-ead• crimin.al ae-• ki\Owt how often the police hold on tutptclon some man

whom. whtn they nnd the reAl culprit, they rele.'Lse. T here

I& the recent G~lto" murder In New York City. Some one

killed Mta. Gedeon, htrdaughttr-an artlat't rnodeJ-and

a male lodger. Tht poli« ft.'W:tcl their autpicion on Mf':@. G«<ton'a hu$band. For a ""k they ,-rllltd him : and

some newapaptrll attmed alrnoet to take hl.e guilt ror

Krl\nttd. SuddPnly intrrut turntd to Rob~rl Jrwil,, nn

etctntdc eculptoa• who had diUJ)J)e:IUtd. Jdtnt.lt\e-tl lu

Clt,tla.nd. he wtnl to :t newapal)tr in Chlea.a o. told kn

a lltatd ton(f'S.IIon, and is. u I" nt.e. a• .... h•nltria.J~ The police uonrrattd Ctdton. New York Ia not a

lynching community. J r i t wert, we mlaht hA\'e wltntutd the old barb3r le IIJ)t(lueii)-(OIIowin¥ whl~h the commu

nity In gVJen..l, now a liu .. le Crlghltntd, ml111hl hne built

up JO atr-ona a tndiU6b of Ctdeon'a a:ullt that any other

1\dPKl would hne tcone his nr undisturbtd. That l.a a hypothetlca.l caae. Here are a few r~l onn: Some one murdered a sheriff. T he deputies arrest«< 1lx

Ntgroes tor queatlonlnu. The mob, 11atherlng tl~ onte. lynched th·e or tht'ln. Tht police reecued the other. Thf1 aun•ivor, inditttd and •• rAirntd lor •• complieit)', .. wat ron,·kted and tent up for llf~. A )'tar later. after t\'"idcnre pointmg to the rtal culpt~t• appcoartd. he "A'U granted a new tnaJ and acqu1Utd. The t\admce aho-A"td thal the ti\·e dud mm abo ,.,.. lnDOftnt.

In the mountaint or aorthtrn California a mob start.fll after a man n;amtd Black, a«uaftl of auauhine a child. TheofJkenapinted h1maway. Uut the mob had t.oaatltfy ill thirst for blood. -6o h. llfung up.hia aged father.

After a rarial mix-up In which a white planter and A

NtiUO ditd of bullet wound.Jt,. A mob burned Mr. and ~Ira. I folberl a t the atakc. There waa 110me e'•idtnce ttgainet Holbert, but. A&Ain&t hit wire only the feeli rtg that abe must have b~•l Involved In ht•' husbnnd'e doings.

A J>OS.St hnd h111Hed during twudnys for:~ man charged. with a.ome crlnH• or o'htr. A fsrmtr .eaw n burly indl· , ·idu;d running at ra.• one or his f\clcts. Commanded to boiL, the 11tran.cer tllmlo('tl" t~e-. The farmer sent word to lhe posse. Thty aunowndt"d the trff. A mob gatherfd and took" t:hance. lla\llllo(' no t'OJ>e along, they Knl for Ol'le. While they wa1tt'd. tht ltra.n(lu startfd Lo alidedown the trunk. So t.be mob ahot him to pieus. It turntd out I hat he -.as a hopeleu luna.UC' • .eKal)ftl only that mom.nr from a nejchbonna •"ylum. At the hme when tM tnrne OttUm<! he was beh1nd ~ra.

I eould pile up the inuan«t of Judge Lynch's "'"<l)'t v.·•th the proYably innCK'tnt •. F'or more numuoll3 are the <"Utt where there ia aome pouiblhty or guilt. Alltn Crttn. Ntgro. died at the hltndll or Arnott in 1030. Jn hia )'O~Ith he wu accused of nn tlttt'rnpted nl.!tH"t on n. white woman, He got n long tf!n n or1 the the~ in wnng, Three yenf't latc•· there nppcnn."Cl ~t•th t\•ldcntc n.s JH'O\'ed lhhJ neeuMtion ' 'irtollUY impo~slble. The Jl l'tJsccutor tut\1 the jury joined in ukjns; the vo,·trnor •o KrAnl him o J)lli'Oie. Thit the go,·emor did. Grttn stHIC'd In lht ne:al"t11.lown nod went to work. He 1)1'0\ e-d lnduttr,out. intelhtent. Vet')' eoon he was rm1una rMn~)'. Am<•n.c ulht'r lrona in the fire. he had a ron tract "·itt. \he toun ao,emmenl wh1eh rttumfd h1m M:\'C'J1 dolb:rt and a half" a day .

Tb.it b«amt u luue In •mall-t••"n polities. C3ndidah11 were running for~ on a pt~at to" thf'OW out Green" Somt of his unpopulanty wa.' hit own fault: be h.ad a»umtd a suptrior air to'* ani the poor whites. Al.so i t i.t J*Sible th:tt. a.!l the to'"" ahtNard df'l!l.art'd in Ita own derenJe, he had a dtUKfi'Uble Interest in while women

Suddenly ume 1\ ch~trae ot auaull. Mo!t of the teat I· mony :tl the pretimimlr)' heAring Wft.!l nim.!ly. Nevertht• ltM the aulhol'itieJt held Mrn In jnil. llo)'8 a nd loafen. ma ny ( rom out or town, btiCIIn to gllth('l' at Lhe baaeball park. Some one •old them that I r the)' enrolled a hundred men a lync:hfng would become teaal. Th~y counted no.sea until they had 11 hundred and tight and t.hett etarted for the ftim.!l)' Jail. Thto man who ~ro.·td •-' both jailer and aheritr bo~d gone to btd .. J ~uldn't bftj~·e that •nybody thought CrH:n ••• tt,~llty!" ~ Mid •her-ward.. Th~y knocked him O\·tr th~ Mad and butl•ed hit wife into rh·· ln.- tbfm the «<I hya.. •• Whit~ rMn, WGn't you let me talk! .. pleaded Gretn. TMy WOIJidn'L They tied him to a po~~t and pumptd a hund~l bullttt inlo him.

The BJ<tdr t.erioa cue I• f~th In publie memory. :O.Irt. Charlet A. Poole, with " bAby ~oming, had JrOne lo a hoepltAI. Some one ttarttd the rumor thllt the wu l~ald up bec:aue.e h~r hutband hl\d l:ltAitn htr tlnd broken her

rib.. "A nd he nt\'er laid a hand on me-ht'l\'&a thebe!lt hutbanda womane\'erhad!" JObbed M n.. Poole • fter· "·ant. When hi• exec.ution· en found him he was aWJit· In,; ntwt or her eondltion.

8ut thtr dfd not look into t.h t'fldenct. Such, 11\deed, waJ their mentality th3l they wovld not ha,·e kno~n evidence had tht)' aee.n it.

Dr. Arthu r Jo"'. Roper, • tcholarly, hfahly plnttd In· \'t&UgAtor, h1ut looked into All or t he twenl,)•--one l)'nt h· fnga known to ha\'e been committed du ring J930. He t'tporlll: •• Two of the mob \'lttlnu \\('I'C innocent. or crJme (thci' were nol evtn a«ulf<l ), •nd tht're i.t ~ra\'e doubt of tU ruUt of df!'\·en otbera. ..

A ama.IJ unintelligent ... dl1tk c-lemenl among the Arn .. rlcan people baa broutrht upon m 01.1r na· donal rtproac-h-1ynching. ll 11 time we aboJi!-htd h. The Wagner· Van Nuyt blll It our opportunily.

Till'. t :N I)

1" o third of tht COliS the rnob of morOI'tf ho• ptobobJy P"'l to dtath fht wrong mon

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THIA_ T. • RI!PRI>IT!D l'llOM .J Vt///On NOVEMBI!l\ >7. 19l7

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' Dixie Rejects· Lynching

' BY VIRGINIUS qABNEY

·A OIANGE 1w c:ome over the South. Cong1m i$ almost sure to pau a federtl anci·lynching bill lo the 'Present session, but there is no exdt~

ment in Dixje, Twenty ytars ago the m('Jt thought of ' such legisli.tioo would have ctwcd Sout-htm colonels to teu their mustachJos 11ith rage and Southcrnets of lesstt u.nk to implore the de.iry to &ave Dix:ie lot white supremacy and prot«t the ftir n.ame of Southern woman· hood.. Fortunately such hysteria is 110 longer wjdely prevalent.

I do not mean to say that the South is anything lilce J. unit in d~i.ting ftdmJ aod·lynchi.ng leglslltion. There arc thousatlds who resent the intpt.nding pa.s.s:age of the Wagner· Van Nuys bill, and who doubtless will do aU in their power to nullify its cH~ after lt i.s on the $bh.ltc boolc.s. At the same time there appa.renHy is a much lArger body of Southerners who eitht"r favor such a b.w or a.re wiUing to give it a trial. The diehards a.re d istinctly in the minority.

J( S\lch were not the Olloe, die value or a federa.l bill 1h'Ould be doubtful. since l_he hateS and ra.nrors en· gendered by its passage would probably ovetbaW.ce th.e anticipated bene6ts. All too frequently Southern juri.,., ~ven in the fed~ral courts., would refuse to convict dere· li<t of!icw, and Negroes would be subjected to all kinds of ptrS«Ution and disatmimtioo ~t the handJ of resent· f ul whit~s. 11tis wuld mean, i.n aU likelihood. that the Negro's lot would be made worse rath~r than better. But since so many Southerners bave awakto.td at last to the true nature of lynching, the federn bill is expected oot only to pus but to achieve a great reduction in tbe num· ~r o f these ai.mes below the Potomac and the Ohio. There has been a gradual chtnge in the attitude of thoughtful citizens o f the South towud such leg~Lation, ..a atthude ~rgely conditioned by their judgment as to its probable effects. Symbolic of the change is the recent shift in the policy of the Commission on lntertadal Cooperation, which includes 130 representative South·"' erners. from tWrtet:n stat·es t nd h.a.s its headquarters in AtW.lL For Y.eats liUs body ~fu<ed to indorse federtl anti·lynching legislation. but in HH> it Bi"'e unanimous approval to the <:oltigao·Wtgner bill and now si.miluly favors the Wagner·Va..a. Nuys bill

An incident which must bavt had coormous in6ueoce in swinging m.a.ny citizeru of .Dixie over to the view tha! the cime lw come to ltop playing around the fringes of the lynching problem Wll the sjdcenlng kill· ing of Chude Neal. Taken from an Alab.ma jaJl in the autumn of 19~4. Neal was canied to Florida and put to death with unspeakable savagery. to earlier days spe· dal trairu we-re operated for mea llld boys wbo wished to take part in or to wibt& lynchings which_ had been

announced in advanet-, but those in clurge of the Ned alh.ir carritd the proc& a st~P farther. Fifteen bows' notice was given the nation in the new:spaptrs and oveq the radio that Neal was to d ie. From 4 ,000 to 7,000 whites, including Olii.Of children, CW~e by automobile f rom various nearby 5tates and witnessed his. prolonged agony. No one wu c:vm arrested.

The Nc:-Ol1 affair was convincing evidC':nc.t to unbi.ued minds that some Southern .states were wholly unwilling . to proettd against lynchers. lf any furth~r demonstration was nl!"'!'ded, it came .soon after with the blow-tordt bar• barity at Duck Hill, Missi.uippi. Two Negtoe:s accused o f murderins a "'•hite storekeeper were taken in brw.d chyljght by an unm:uked mob hom the custody of three officers a.nd tortured to death with a blow·lOrch. whil.e hundreds o( men, women, a.nd children looked on. T he officers faJled to recognize anybody in the mob, and no ooe was attested.

At 1e.ast six other persons bave been lynched ln the South so far this y~a.r, and state and IOCll authorities ha\·e brought no one "to justice for ~y of these crimes. The cumulJtive eiJect lus n1tuntly been to demonstrate once more tlut while o. few Southern states llle wi.Jling to take the steps necessary to eradicate mob murder, the officia.l spokesmen for the others conttnt themselves with piOu$ declarations that they "htte lynching," and vocifer· o-us arguments that the stat~s should bt ptnnitted to " rru.nage their own affa.irs."

Southemers who are di$:gusted with this situa.tjon have cond uded that lynchings wiU continue below Mt$0n and Dixon's line until a feder:ll b.w wilb t-eeth in it is p laced oo the books. This opinion is f ar more prc:w.ltnt jn tbe South today th~n it Ius ever b«-n beioce. A survey conducted by the ln.stitu.te of Public Opinion this month showed that '7 pet CC':nt o f all Southerners ra .... ored such legi.slation. The validity of this poll might be chaJienged by skeptia., dC$pite its as:toni$hingly accur11e prediction of the extent of Roosevelfs victory at the poUs lll.St year, if other evidence did not point to the same conclusion. M~»t signi6C1-llt is the bet that an incrrning nu,mber o( Southern oewsp:apers are "d\'OC'2ting a federal tnti· Jyodtlng bill. Although Virginia ba.s a strong law of its own •gainst lynching-there ha.s not been a lynching in the state since tbe law wa.t pu.scd . in 1928-no fewer than ei&ht Virginia dailies are J.dvocating federal anti· Jynchlns legisbtjon at the pr~nt time. 'These include the Norfolk Virgini~t~~·Pilol, the Rkhmond Ntwl Lt41in, and the Richmond Ti,ui·Dlsplllcb. Other im· portant Southern papeu taking a similar stand are the Chattanooga Timts, thr Mi.uni DlliiJ Ntws, the Dirm· ingham Agt·HtrJtl, the Greensboro D4ily N1w1, the San Antonio Bxpr111, the Columbia SlaJt, lbe I.ouJsvllle

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CoMrt•r·Jo•rn.J, and the New OrlcatU Tribtml, a.s weU as most of the Saipps·ijoWllrd chain, ioducllog tbc Knoxville Ntws·Stntiflll, the Birmingham Pos1, tht Hou.stoo Prtu, and the Fort Worth Pr1s1. Just li rt.matk· able is the faa tltlt hudly a slAgle leading Southern daily is a.ctively fighting the Wagoer·V.n Nuys biU.

It ;, also noteworthy that the papett which tre urging fedenl legisb.tioo have bad oo seo.·ere kickba.dc hom their readen. The Richmond Tim•s·DiJpaJch tw Clr·

ried a dou:o editodab and cartoons chis yc~r st.rongty advocating the passage of a frderaJ bill and hlL$ reprinted ~ .. ·eraJ dozen editorials and cartOOtl$ o£ simiJu import from other papers. It has received ex2ctly two letters of pr<Kest. To my query concc:rnin8 lhe r01d:ion of their readers, editors in Louisville, Grec,oosboro, Miami, Birm· jnglwn, New Ocle.ans, and San Antonio have replied tJu.t the volw:ne of protest was negligible. Wlut is more, when the Greensboro Daily Ntwl attacked Seoator josiah B~ilcy for hb fiJjbustcr agoinst tl>e Costigon-Wagner bill in 193,, the bl..t brought the heovicst batdt of laudatory Jet:ten to the editor received by the pape.t in seven years. •

Oe$pite these dear lndicatioos, tbe UnpreS:Sion appa.r· cntly still p rev.& among Southern Congrffinlcn that the South is violently oppos.ed to "inter(ereoce" in its aHa.irs by G-men a.ctlng under the provisioru of a (tderal anti-lync::hing $l:a.tute. Almost dl the Southerners in the House voted against the ~v18"0 bill when it was passed early this year by a vote of 277 to 1 ~~. Maury Maverick of Texas., who spoke and voted for the bill, reported stv· era) weeks later thJt be h2d not had a single prottst from his district. But with the exception of RepreStntatives

Creal and Robsion of Kentucky and Reece utd Taylor of T eon~, the rest of the Southern contfnsent went solidly agJinst the bill. It is apparent that many Sou.thero Repre.smbtives and ~nators are out of touch with Stnti· ment ll.tnOng lheir constituents on this issue.

Some Southerners who see no objection· to the othe-r provi.sion.s of the ftdt.rd b ill dislike the proposal to line a county o.r city from $2.000 to $101000 when negligence on' the put of local offidals ls found to have led

1 to .J lynching. lt is important to note, howevC"r, th1t tweoty·two st,.tes .now have laws under which 6nes ranging from $1,000 to $10,000 on be imposed on cities or counties where lynchings OCC\Ir-a.nd the provi· sion h:l$ proved effective. The South Carolinl law hl$ ~en on the books since 1896. The minimum fine of $2,000 was a.»eSsed and collected in at least seven coun· ties of tl1e stale betw«n 19<3 ond 19~1, and-oo lynch· ing ~llS occurred ln :~ny o( the seven since the 6ne was imposed. Moreover, ::as jme:s H. Ch~dbou.r-n points out in hi.s "Lynching: and the I.:aw," "the *''enge numbl:r of lyncl1ings per )'eilt in the state h:l$ declined sharply 2.fter the in6iction or tach ptnalty.''

It is poS$:lble thilt the \'Qagner· Van Nuys bill, i ( pa$$Cd, will be pronounced unconstitutional by the Su· preme Court. Jt is o.Js.o possible that if tbe mC:L$ure is upheld by U1e court, lynchings will continue on the s:une $CIIe as be(ore. But tlu.t seems uolikely. For the first time the bulk o( Southern opinion o.ppea.rs to be de6· nitely favo~ble co Cedenl anri·lynching le:gislation, or ~t le:ut not disturbed o>~er the prospect of its p:1.$$age. 11lat fact should a.sswe the public support which ln the l~t analy.sis must determine the effecti..,eness of any law.

THE SENATE"S FlUBUSTER AGAINST THE llOti· lyoGhing bill rtpresents politkaJ reaction and hypoc· r.isy it thtk lowest point. .IJ'he SouU1ern Democ.ratic SenatotS who oppc»e the biU have been t cting ostensibly oot only in behalf of tht .sa.crtd principle of st2tes' rights but to spe-ed up the "rttl bwjnes.s" of the special . sesSion. They want Coogtess to "quit wasting time." HiS it occurred to Senators Bailey, George, and Connally trut JJl cxcdleot time-uvi.ng device would be a prompt vote on the anti·lyncbing bill? We have an idea that it bas QCOJrred [C) them; but they know too that seventy Senate votes o.re already lioed up for the m~ure, and that it sto1nds ao excellent chance of being ~· So they throw the houn away t>lking about the shocking debys involved ln deNting • C!=lntrove:rsial issue l.ilce the uS< of (cderal powtn to suppress lynching. The South, bow~er, ls not to be judgtd by the Senators from Texas,

•North Carolina. a.nd Georgja. Virgirtius Dabney's article i.n this i.ssue shows how widt$pread i.s. tht support for a ftderal anti·ly-nch.ing measure~ while a re«:llt Gallup poll indicates not only that 72 per cent of the people throughout the ru.tion fayor the Wagner-Van Nuys bill but that ) 7 per cent in the South fee: I the same way.

· (Eilrro"••)

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Thanl: you for your letter of ~llo 7th . I 111lll in ·:nohinrton ;:c&tcrC.u:t :.n<! tho office hero telOf.l'nphod uo but not.in.:; ir. tl.u nu\r..IJlllpora thu~ you •.toro ut GreLnht:l~ , und :t:f huvinr to rot.,urn t.o l.u" ·:or!: lust. nir ht. , ~ hud t.o postpone oouint; ;rou unti l I return ~o .:uol:1nrton, probnbly on '•'1\cuduy . ·

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;> . =J . - I 1/0Ulcl lil:o to have youl' Cl'iticnl Oi)inion of tho point. Of Vi Oil 111 th l'Cfc:·oncc 1.0 CCO(ru:lh ic dit'•'ul'cnUuls 11!!ich is ox!>r"s"ed in ~he onclooed lcttol' to \.ho J.ornld- 'lri buno .

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fine You Writt•n Yout S•n•tou Ur1in1 Support of tb' Ttdu~J A nti·Lyntbi"l BiJU

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69 FII'TH AVENUE, N IIW YORK T&t.. ll.MotONI ALOoNOUtN 4·~551

OificioJ Orcan: 'Tht Crlli~ •

oeoember 22od 193?

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I want )'OU to be fru:tl.linr Hith the onolosed copy or l etter >thich I have written to the seor et ar)' or stoto .

Ever e incer l)',

Urs . Eleanor noosovol t The \'/bite llouse Washington, D. c .

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Secretary,

INOOitSlO l'f tHI UfiONAL IN,OitiUfiON IUUA.U. Ill rou.-tM A\'llNUL IUW 't'Oik Jlau. You Wrlcten Yo"r Senotor• Ur•ing Support of the Fedcrul Anti·Lynchin, Bill.'

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I rea4 your 'Pr••• relcuaae u4 I 'a ·horr1t1o4l 111111 e.-. ot tb.••• people •• •r .be~ enU sht.eoetft

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WASHINGTON

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~Ira. -Hoo•evelt Is nway at the preoent t i•~• when she re~ns I shall gi ve her/our let ter. I 8ll"8ure ,lne >1111 be/m on by tho oto~

/ ~ ' Very si~c!U"'li yours,

Malvina T. Scheider Se~retary to 1'r~. Roosevolt

f~ ..... ~.l~~_;

~ ILr . Walter Wbito Notional ABooclotlon tor the M vancaoent ot Colored People 69 Fifth Avenue New :York , New Yorlc

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..,.. *" 1M I'MDI'd or e,oa? ~~~ •'- len ~'"" - FDR Presidential ...

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Transcript of ..,.. *" 1M I'MDI'd or e,oa? ~~~ •'- len ~'"" - FDR Presidential ...