Pertemuan 1 Manajemen Pelabuhan

8/18/2019 Pertemuan 1 Manajemen Pelabuhan

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MT-404

MANAJEMEN OPERASI KEPELABUHAN

DAN ASDP

Hartati

Sekolah Log

medipak

mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]


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TUJUAN PERKULIAHAN:

Mahasiswa diharapkan mampu untuk memahami konsep dasarsistem pelabuhan, fasilitas pelabuhan, aspek-aspek perencanamanajemen pengoperasian, dan perawatan.

Mahasiswa diharapkan mampu menghitung terkait aspek peremanajemen pengoperasian dan perawatan pelabuhan dan faspelabuhan.

Mahasiswa diharapkan mampu untuk memahami sistem ASDP, k

pengembangan ASDP, manajemen ASDP, dan pola operasi ASD


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BUKU REFERENSI

1. Soedjono Kramadibrata, Perencanaan Pelabuhan, Penerbit ITB, 2002;

2. Bambang Triatmodjo, Perencanaan Pelabuhan, Beta Offset, Yogyakarta, 2

3. Nasution, M.N., Manajemen Transportasi, Ghalia Indonesia, 2008;

4. Lasse, D.A., Manajemen Muatan, Aktivitas Rantai Pasok di Area Pelabuhan

RajaGrafindo Persada, Jakarta, 2014;5. Lasse, D.A., Manajemen Peralatan, Aspek Operasional dan Perawatan,

RajaGrafindo Persada, Jakarta, 2012.


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PENILAIAN:

Tugas & Kuis (20%)

Ujian Tengah Semester (35%)

Ujian Akhir Semester (45%)

Kehadiran minimal 80%


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Contact me:

e-mail : [email protected]

HP : 081 321 954 680

by call, SMS, whatsapp, line

mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]


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PRE TEST

1. Sebutkan beberapa fasilitas pelabuhan laut yang Anda ketahui!

2. Sebutkan jenis-jenis kapal yang Anda ketahui!

3. Sebutkan 4 (empat) pelabuhan penyeberangan di Indonesia (2 asal-tujua


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SISTEM ANGKUTAN LAUT


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SARANA ANGKUTAN LAUT


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• Panjang• Lebar

• Kedalaman

Ukuran UtamaKapal

Kapasitas Angkut

Ukuran kapal dan kapasitas dapat dijelaskan dengan 2 (dua) cara yaitu: ukuatau kapasitas angkut. Masing-masing adalah sangat berbeda, tapi saling b


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UKURAN UTAMA KAPAL


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PANJANG KAPAL

• L (o.a), Length overall : Ukuran ekstrem panjang kapal, dihitung mulai dari tekstrem haluan sampai dengan titik ekstrem buritan kapal.

• L (p.p), Length between perpendiculars: Ukuran jarak, dihitung mulai titik ekdari designed load water line pada titik perpotongan haluan dan poros kem

• AP, After perpendicular : Garis tegak buritan letaknya pada tinggi kemudibelakang pada sumbu poros kemudi.

• FP, Fore perpendicular : garis tegak haluan merupakan perpotongan antaragaris muat.

• L (w.l), Length of water line: jarak mendatar antara ujung garis air yang ddari titik perpotongan dengan tinggi buritan hingga titik perpotongan dentinggi haluan dan diukur pada bagian luar tinggi buritan dan tinggi halua


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UKURAN LINIER KAPAL

• Midship: titik tengah dari L (pp).

• Midship section: bentuk bidang/ irisan kapal melaluititik midship.

• Breadth/Beam: lebar ekstrem badan kapal melalui titikmidship.

• Depth: kedalaman ekstrem badan kapal melalui titikmidship.

• Draft, draught atau “sarat”: ukuran kedalaman esktremantara designed load water line dengan titik terendahkapal.

• Freeboard : jarak vertikal dari garis air sampaigeladak lambung bebas atau garis geladak (deck

line).


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KAPASITAS ANGKUT

DWT (Dead Weight Ton)

• Besaran selisih dari displacement (berat air yang dipindahkanakibat terapungnya kapal) kapal yang penuh muatan (extreeweight ) dan kapal kosong (light weight ), dihitung dalam satuanMetrik → = loaded displacement – light displacement

BRT (Bruto Registered Ton) atau GT (Gross Tonnage)

• Volume atau isi sebuah kapal dikurangi dengan jumlah isi sejuruangan tertentu untuk keamanan kapal, dalam satuan RegistTon, dengan satu unit Registered Ton adalah 2,83 m3.


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• Vessels can be classified bytheir purpose in:

• Naval Ships

• Civil Ships

• Civil ships are classified

according the use thateveryone will have.

Civil Ships

TroopShips

IndustrialShips

ServiceShips

TechnicalShips


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Troop Ships

Industrial Ships

Service Ships

Technical Ships


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• Troop Ships: Are shipsdesigned to carry freightand passengers

Troop Ships

Freighters

PassengerShips

SpecialTroop Ships


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• Freighters: Are vesselsdesigned to carry freight.

Freighters

GeneralCargo ships

SpecializedCargo Ships

LiquidCargo Ships


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• General Cargo Ships:General cargo includesitems which are packed orunpacked. They usuallyhave spacious holds whichoccupy the larger part ofthe hull.


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FREIGHTERS

• Specialized Cargo Ships: The cargo is

carefully distributed according to its type

and requirement of special conditions.

Freighters

GeneralCargo Ships


Reefers

Timbers

Containers

Barges

Ro-Ro

Bulks

Heavy

Cattles

LiquidCargo Ships


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SPECIALIZED CARGO

• Reefer Cargo Ships: They transport

perishable food such as fruit, vegetables,

meat, fish and dairy, having a carrying

capacity of 8,000 - 12,000 t.


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SPECIALIZED CARGO

• Timbers Carrier Ships: One-

decked ships designed to carry

logs and beams; carrying

capacity - 5,000 - 20,000 t,

speed - 13-15 knots.


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SPECIALIZED CARGO

• Barges-Carrying Ships: This type of ships

pertains to the category of containerships

but the principle is slightly different.


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SPECIALIZED CARGO

• Ro-Ro Ships: Used for transporting motor

vehicles and other wheeled equipment. Ro-

Ro is short for roll-on roll-off ships and is

thus called because cargo is carried on

wheeled containers or trailers.


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SPECIALIZED CARGO

• Bulk Carriers: Bulk cargo is a wide term.

Heavy bulk-carriers usually transport ore,

coal and coke, building materials, such as

cement and gravel. Light bulkers carry

grain, salt and sugar.


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SPECIALIZED CARGO

• Heavy Cargo Ships: Heavy cargo vessels

can be divided into: Semi-submersible

heavy lift ships, conventional heavy lift

ships, tow barges and dock ships. Their

construction and stability allows them to

carry extremely large and heavy objects.


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SPECIALIZED CARGO

• Flo-Flo Ships: Float-on/Float-off or

semisubmersible ships, provide the

capability to load, transport and offload

outsized military cargo independent of

port equipment traditionally used for

handling large or extremely heavy cargo,

such as tug boats, barges, landing craft,

floating cranes, and single anchor leg

mooring systems. Lifts range from

approximately 50 to as much as 45,000

tons.


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SPECIALIZED CARGO

• Cattles Ships: as the name implies, these

ships transport cattle.


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FREIGHTERS

• Liquid Cargo Ships: They transport cargo

in liquid form.

Freighters

GeneralCargo Ships


LiquidCargo

Tanke

LPG

LNG

Chemic


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LIQUID CARGO

• Liquid Petroleum Gas: built to carry liquid

gases, either natural gases or products of

oil processing (methane, propane, butane),

for chemical industry; speed 12-20 knots;


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LIQUID CARGO

• Liquid Natural Gas: An LNG carrier is a

tank ship designed for transporting

liquefied natural gas (LNG)


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LIQUID CARGO

• Chemical Ships: They transport chemicals

such as sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid and

ammoniac.


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TROOP SHIPS

• Passengers Ships: They transport people.

PassengersShips

Liners

Cruise

Coastwis

Yachts


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PASSENGERS SHIPS

• Liners Ships: Liners sail on one and same

route (be it through rivers, seas or oceans)

according to a timetable.


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PASSENGERS SHIPS

• Cruise Ships: Their purpose is to take

tourists to journeys.


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PASSENGERS SHIPS

• Coastwise Ships: Not large inland-going

ships which sail close to the coast between

two or more ports; Their seats for

passengers vary from 40 to 600.


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PASSENGERS SHIPS

• Yachts: crafts, propelled either by sail or

by power, used for having fun.


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SPECIAL TROOP SHIPS

• Ferrys: Designed to carry wagons, vehicles

and passengers by serving as a bridge

between two ports, located at the opposite

ends of rivers, bays, canals, etc.


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CIVIL SHIPS

• Industrial Ships: Designed to draw out

raw materials and food resources from

sea.

IndustrialShips

ExtractiveShips

Processing

Ships


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INDUSTRIAL SHIPS

• Extractive Ships: Ships used solely for

catching

ExtractiveShips

Trawlers

Seiners

Whalers


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EXTRACTIVE SHIPS

• Trawlers: The most widespread type of

fishing vessel; The name "trawler" comes

from "trawl" - a fishing net which is

dragged along the sea floor.


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EXTRACTIVE SHIPS

• Seiners: Seiners use a peculiar kind of net

(a purse seine) which hangs vertically in

the water and has a rope at its bottom


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EXTRACTIVE SHIPS

• Whalers: Ships designed for hunting

whales


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INDUSTRIAL SHIPS

• Processing Ships: Their main purpose is toreceive the catch from extractive ships,

process it into usable products and bring it

to ports.


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CIVIL SHIPS

• Service Ships: Vessels which serve themerchant fleets and operate in harbors,

inland waters and water areas

Service Ships

Ships Providi

Auxiliary Shi

Ships ProvidiSafety

Ships withspecial

purposes


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SERVICE SHIPS

• Ships Providing: navigation throughdifferent waters.

ShipsProviding

HydrograpShips

Pilots Boat

Lightships


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SHIPS PROVIDING

• Pilots Boats: Small vessels that carry apilot to a ship and then bring him back to

the port.


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SHIPS PROVIDING

• Lightships: Small vessels painted red andequipped with light and radio-signal

devices and anchored at places which are

dangerous for ships to pass through.


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SERVICE SHIPS

• Auxiliary Ships: Vessel speciallydesigned to help others ships.

AuxiliaryShips

Icebreake

Tugboat

Push Tug


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AUXILIARY SHIPS

• Icebreakers: These are ships maintainingnavigation in winter by leading other

vessels across ice tracks (and breaking ice-

floes).


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AUXILIARY SHIPS

• Tugboats: High-speed vessels with anapproximate length of 60 meters, used for

towing barges and damaged ships and

taking them across narrow canals or

fairways.


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AUXILIARY SHIPS

• Push Tugs: Vessels used for pushing anassembly of barges; Push tugs have very

high superstructures which allow to keep a

watch on the vessels in front and way

ahead.


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SERVICE SHIPS

• Ships Providing Safety: Ships speciallydesigned to attended any emergency at

sea.

Ships ProvidingSafety

Rescue Ship

Fireboats


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SHIPS PROVIDING SAFETY

• Rescue Boats: Powerful high-speed crafts,able to operate in any conditions and

being furnished to save ships which have

damage or have suffered an accident

onboard and need urgent help.


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SHIPS PROVIDING SAFETY

• Fireboats: Fitted out to fight fire aboardships and floating platforms (e.g. oil drills)

by spraying foam and water from a

distance of 60-100 meters.


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SERVICE SHIPS

• Ships with Special Purposes: As his nameimplies are ships designed to special

services.

Ships withSpecial Purposes

Research Shi

Training Ship

Floating “hous


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SHIPS WITH SPECIAL PURPOSES

• Research Ships: ships used for exploringwaterways, surveying the sea bottom and

ocean processes, locating natural resources

(petroleum, cobalt, copper, iron, etc.) and

observing marine life.


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• Training Ships: For training cadets.


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• Floating “houses”: hospitals, hotels,exhibitions, workshops, laboratories ships.


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CIVIL SHIPS

• Technical Ships: Ships which providetechnical service and create the necessary

conditions for ship navigation.

TechnicalShips

Dredges

SuctionDredges

FloatingDocks

Others


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TECHNICAL SHIPS

• Dredges: These are floating vessels usedto make sea- or river-floors deeper (for

example, this is done when ports and

canals are built or simply maintained).


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TECHNICAL SHIPS

• Suction Dredges: These crafts have asuction device which gathers sand from the

sea floor and carries it away with a system

of pipes to land or to another deep place

in water which has to be made shallower.


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TECHNICAL SHIPS

• Others: floating cranes, power stations andworkshops; cable laying ships; oil collector

ships (they surround the oil spills and clear

them); drill ships; offshore drilling rig

supply vessels;


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CONCLUSION

The presentation aims to describe all types ofships by explaining their typical features,

through the use of pictures. It dells mainly on

troop ships, because they form the world's

merchant fleet and contribute essentially to

world trade and transportation.

Pertemuan 1 Manajemen Pelabuhan

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