Penjelasan Direct dan Indirect Speech (Reported Speech) - Direct dan Indirect Speech merupakan materi grammar bahasa Inggris yang banyak diajarkan di jenjang SMP dan SMA

Reported Speech (indirect speech)Sebelum kita membahas tentang reported sebaiknya kita mengenal apa itu direct and indirect speech

1. DIRECT SPEECHDirect speech adalah kalimat yang tidak mengalami perubahan (kalimat langsung) Cara penulisan direct speech selalu diapit oleh tanda kutip,kalimat selalu di awali huruf capital Tanda baca seperti tanda seru (!),tanda Tanya (?) yang menunjukkan jenis kalimat direct tidak mengalami perubahan.

2. INDIRECT SPEECHindirect speech adalah bentuk kalimat laporan yang berguna untuk menceritakan kembali pembicaraan/pendapat seseorang yang mana mengalami modifikasi tertentu(kalimat tidak langsung).Terdapat beberapa perubahan dalam reported speech / indirect speech yaitu:1.Dalam reported speech / indirect speech terdapat perubahan dalam tenses dan adverb of time (keterangan waktu) aslinya

contoh:Perubahan Tenses

Simple present tense menjadi simple past tenseJika direct speech menggunakan simple present tense,maka indirect speech menggunakan simple past tense.Contoh :Direct: Linda said I buy my dictionary at the book shop.Indirect: Linda said that she bought her dictionary at the book shop.

Present continuous tense menjadi past continuous tenseJika direct speech menggunakan present continuous tense maka indirect speech menggunakan past continuous tense.Contoh :Direct : She said Im doing my English homework.Indirect : She said that she was doing her English homework.

Present perfect tense menjadi past perfect tenseJika direct speech menggunakan present perfect tense maka indirect speech menggunakan past perfect tense.Contoh :Direct : John saidI have finished doing my reports.Indirect : John said that he had finished doing his reports.

Present perfect continuous tense menjadi past perfect continuous tenseJika direct speech menggunakan present continuous tense maka indirect speech menggunakan past perfect continuous tense.Contoh :Direct : He said We have been living here for three years.Indirect : He said that they had been living there for three years.

Simple past tense menjadi past perfect tenseJika direct speech menggunakan simple past tense maka indirect speech menggunakan past perfect tense.Contoh :Direct : He said I went to school yesterday.Indirect : He said that he had gone to school the day before.

Future tense menjadi past future tenseJika direct speech menggunakan simple future tense maka indirect speech menggunakan past future tense.Contoh :Direct : Laila said We will leave for Singapore.Indirect : Laila said that they would leave for Singapore.

Past continuous tense menjadi past perfect continuous tenseJika direct speech menggunakan past continuous tense maka indirect speech menggunakan padt perfect continuous tense.Conton :Direct : He said I was reading an English novels.Indirect : He said that he had been reading English novels.Perubahan Adverb Of Time (keterangan waktu)

Now

Then Today

That day Tonight

That night This week

That week (bergantung pada hari saat mengucapkan) Yesterday The day before (bergantung pada hari saat mengucapkan) TomorrowThe next day / the following day2. Bila terdapat modal,maka modal itu menjadi verb2contoh: CanCould

MayMight

MustHad to

Direct : I can watch TV.: I may watch TV.: I must watch TV.Indirect : She said that she could watch TV: She said that she might watch TV: She said that she had to watch TV.3. Bila terdapat interrogative sentencea. reported speech dari say atau tell diubah menjadi ask atau told. Dengan mengulangi kata Tanya dan mengubah tense Contoh :Direct : He said to me,where are you going?Indirect : He asked me where I was going.b. Dengan menggunakan if/whether sebagai penghubung antara reporting verb dan reported speech dan mengulang tensesContoh :Direct: He said to me,Are you going away today?Indirect: He asked me if I going today.

4. Kalimat perintahjika yang dilaporkan adalah suatu perintah. Karena kalimat perintah biasanya tidak mengenal subject,maka verb dalam direct imperative tidak mengalami perubahan. Verb dalam indirect menjadi to invinitive..Contoh :Direct: Do your exercises.Indirect : He told me to do my excercisesINI DIALOGNYA MAS...

-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.Mulai-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.Ilham:Hello davidDavid:Hello

Ilham:Do you remember what did andi said .?

David:Em,, yeah he said that we have to do the presentationsoon

Ilham:I see lets tell andani

-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.Pergi ke Tempat Andani.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.

David:Hello andani

andani:Hello

David:Do u remember what did andi said .?

Andani:Yes i do, he said we have to do the presentation soon

Ilham:i see

-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.Andi Datang-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.

Andi:Hello all

All:hello

Andi:Have you do your job.? I have done my job here

Ilham:yeah we have ready

Andi:ok lets finnish it ASAP (as soon as posible)

All:lets do it

-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.Selesai-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.