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MAKALAH

ILMU PENYAKIT BAKTERIAL DAN MIKAL

“SALMONELOSIS”

OLEH

KELOMPOK 7

1. ADE MESAKH SEO 1409010014

2. FERDINANDO B. M RUA 1409010013

3. MARIA KIKEMENTINA JUNERSI 14090100214. MAGDALENA O. DA SANTO 14090100!

FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN HE"AN

UNI#ERSITAS NUSA $ENDANA

KUPANG

201!

BAB I

PENDAHULUAN

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1.1 L%&%' B()%*%+,

S(-%)%+ (+,%+ *(/%-%+ )/ (+,(&%%+ %+ &(*+), *55+6% %+,

*(5(%&%+ 6%+, /('+ %+ 8%+,, %)%/ (+%+,%+%+ *%55 *%55 6%+, ('+,%+

(+,%+ *(5(%&%+ %* 5(8%'% *'%&: '/&: '(%)&%&;(: %+ '(;(+& 5%+,%&

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 ()%*%+, 6%+, ('(% 5(+,,% (')+6% (/%%'%+ 5(8%'% ('*()%+-&%+ (/

&('(%)5%5+6% %6% *(5(%&%+. A%+ %)%/ %(' + *%/ %*%+ /(/%%5 5(8%'% *55

/(+,(+% (+6%*& 6%+, &/)*%+ %*%& %' 5%)/+())% (+&('&5: %+ P))'/.

D/%+% (+6%*& 6%+, &/)*%+ %%)% 5%)% 5%& (+6%*& +(*5 %% /%+5% %'

/%*%+%+ 6%+, &('*+&%/+%5. J*% %+%)5% *(/%-%+: ('*(/%+,%+ (+,(&%%+ %+

&(*+), *55+6% %+, *(5(%&%+. S(%'5+6% (+,%&%+ 6%+, %* /('%*%+

%6% (+8(,%%+ 6%+, %)+, (+&+, %+&%'%+6% (+,%+ ','%/ (+8(,%%+ %+ '/5

*(5(%&%+ )( &(+%,% *(5(%&%+ *(%% /%56%'%*%& 5(+,,% /%*%)% + %'%*%+ %%&

/(/%+& %)%/ %6% (+8(,%%+ (+6%*& *55+6% %% (+6%*& %*%& %' %*&('

5%)/+())% 6%+, %*%+ *%/ )%5 )( '+8 %% (/%%5%+ 5()%+-&+6%.

S%)/+())55 %%)% (+6%*& +(*5 %% /%+5% %+ (<%+ 6%+, 5(%*%+ )(

 %*&(' Salmonella spp <%)%+ (*&(' + &%/%+6% %+6% /(+,+ 55: &('5(%' )%5 )+,*+,%+ 6%+, ('+,%+ (+,%+ (&('+%*%+ %&% (/%+,%+ )/% =&+-%> /%+5%.

S%)/+())% ('&%/% *%) &(/*%+ &%+ 1?? %% & % )( T(%) S/& =6%+,

&('*(+%) %*%+ %5)+6% %% %+%)%*55>: +%/+ S%)/+())% +%/% %' D%+() E<%'

S%)/+: %) %&), A/('*% = Ryan KJ dan Ray CG 2004>.

1.2 T-%+

A%+ &-%+ %' /%*%)% + %+&%'% )%+ @

1. M(+,(&% (+6(% %' 5%)/+())55

2. M(+,(&% (&), %' 5%)/+())% 5(8%'% //

3. M(+,(&% %&,(+(55 // %' 5%)/+())%

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4. M(+,(&% -(+5 -(+5 =S('&(> %' 5%)/+())% 6%+, %%

. M(+,(&% (&),: %&%&%+ 5&'5: (6(%'%+: 5/(' %+ &'%+5/5:

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!. M(+,(&% (&),: %&%&%+ 5&'5: (6(%'%+: 5/(' %+ &'%+5/5:

 (+8(/%'%+: ,(-%)% *)+5: %+ 8%'% (+,(+%)%+ %' S. P))'/7. M(+,(&% %,+5&* &(5& +&* 5%)/+())55.

BAB II

PEMBAHASAN

2.1 E&),

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S%)/+())% %%)% 5%& ,(+5  %*&(' (+&('%*&('% ,'%/+(,%&  ('(+&* &+,*%&

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=6%+, &('*(+%) %*%+ %5)+6% %% %+%)%*55> 6%+, ('&%/% *%) /(+(/*%+ %*&('/

&%+ 1?? %% & %. A%+ &%*5+/ %' 5%)/+())% %+&%'% )%+ @

K+,/ @ B%*&('

F)/ @ P'&(%*&('%

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S(5(5 @ S. enterica,S.bongori,S.pullorum, S. Gallinarum, S.Dublin,S.typhimurium, S.

bois morbicans,S.derby,S. haana  :  S.typhimurium, S.bois!morbi"icans,S. #e$port , S.

Cholerasuis

G%/%' 1. M'), %' %*&(' 5%)/+())% = Ryan KJ dan Ray CG 2004>.

J(+5-(+5 5%)/+())% 5('&% 5(5 %)%/%+6%.

U+,,%5

A6%/ @ S. gallinarum %+ S. pullorum 

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B'+, @ S. enteritidis 

H(<%+ T('+%* 

S% @ S. dublin 

D/% %+ K%/+, %S. typhimurium, S. bois morbicans, S. derby,  %+ S.

haana 

K% @ S. typhimurium, S. bois!morbi"icans %+ S. #e$port

B% @ S. Cholerasuis =Subronto, 200&>.

2.2 P%&,(+(55

S%)/+())% %%)% (+6(% &%/% %' (+6%*& 6%+, 5(%'*%+ /()%) /%*%+%+

= "oodborne diseases>. P%% //+6%: 5('&( S%)/+())% /(+6(%*%+ (+6%*& %% ',%+

 (+8('+%%+. P(+6%*& 6%+, 5(%*%+ )( S%)/+())% 5(& 5%)/+())55. $'8' '%+,

6%+, /(+,%)%/ 5%)/+())55 %%)% %'(: *('%/ ('&: %+ (/%/ %)%/ <%*& ?72 -%/

5(&()% /(/%*%+ /%*%+%+ 6%+, &('*+&%/+%5 )( S%)/+())%. G(-%)% )%++6% %%)%

(/%/:  5%*& *(%)%:  /%)  %+ /+&%/+&%. T,% 5('&( &%/% %' -(+5 S. enterica

%%)% S. typhi: S. typhimurium: %+ S. enteritidis. S. &6 /(+6(%*%+ (+6%*& (/%/

&5 =T6 (;('>: *%'(+% +;%5 %*&(' *( %)%/ (/) %'% %+ ,%5&'(+&('&5:

6%+, 5(%*%+ )( *('%8+%+ /%*%+%++&*5*%5. G(-%)% (/%/ &5 /()& (/%/:

/%)/%): /+&% %+ *(/%&%+. S. typhi /(/)* *(+*%+ %+6% /(+6('%+, /%+5%: %+

&%* %% +%+, )%+. I+(*5 S%)/+())% %%& ('%*%& %&%) *(%% %6: %)&%: %/)

%+ *%++,%++6% 5('&% '%+, )%+-& 5%. H%) + 5(%*%+ *%'(+% *(*(%)%+ & /('(*%

6%+, /(+'+. K+&%/+%5 S%)/+())% %%& 8(,% (+,%+ /(+88 &%+,%+ %+ /(+-%,%

*(('5%+ /%*%+%+ 6%+, *+5/5. 

G%/%' 2@ S('&( 5%)/+())% (+&('8% %+ &%',(& 5& =S/('@ 'hunia 200(>

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2.3 G(-%)% K)+5

G(-%)% *)+5 5%)/+())55 %%& *()/**%+ %)%/ % *()/* 6%& (+&('&5%+ (+6%*& 55&(/*. P('&%/%: (+&('&5: ,%5&'(+&('&5 /('%*%+ +(*5 &%/% 6%+,

&('*%& (+,%+ 5('& 6%+, &('-% 5(8%'% /()%5 %% (<%+ %+ /%+5%. M('(*% %%&

/(+6(%*%+ %'( %)%/ ('%,% &+,*%&%+ 5%/% *( &+,*%& %'( 6%+, %'%. S%%& +

S%)/+())% (+&('&5 /('%*%+ S%)/+())% 6%+, %)+, // 5(%,% (+6(% (+&('&5.

P('( +*%5 %% S%)/+())% (+6(% (+&('&5 %5%+6% %+&%'% ! C 4? -%/. G(-%)% 6%+,

 %5% /+8) %%)% (/%/ '+,%+: /%): /+&%: 5%*& ('& %+ %'( 5()%/% (('%%

%': &(&% %% (('%% *%55 %%& (')%+,5+, 5()%/% 5%& /+,, %&% )( = Jay et al.

200)>. P(+6%*& &('5(& %%& ('&%%+ 5%/% 47 %'. M(5*+ %+6%* (+('&% %%&

5(/ 5(/'+% &%+% (/('%+ %+&&*%. N%/+: %'( %%& (')(%+ %+

/(/(')*%+ ('%<%&%+ '/% 5%*&. P%% (+('&% (+,%+ '5* &+,,: +(*5 %%&

/(+6(%' %' 55 *( %)'%+ %'% %&% *( &(/%& )%+ 5()' & %+ %%&

/(+6(%*%+ *(/%&%+ &%+% (+,%&%+ %+&&*% %% (+('&% =CDC 200&>.

2.4 S%)/+())% (+&('&5

M(+'& G%+())% =2001> /(+6%&%*%+ %<% ,(+5 Salmonella /('%*%+ %+,,&%

%/) *nterobacteriaceae 6%& %*&(' 6%+, &('%%& %)%/ 5%)'%+ (+8('+%%+ /%+5% %+

(<%+. Salmonella /(/)* % -(+5 5(5(5 6%& Salmonella enteritica %+ Salmonella

bongori. Salmonella enteritica /(/)* (+%/ 55(5(5 6%& 55(5(5 I @ 55(5(5

enteritica 55(5(5 II @ 55(5(5  salamae 55(5(5 III% @ 55(5(5 ari+onae

55(5(5 III @ 55(5(5 diari+onae 55(5(5 I# @ 55(5(5 hautenae %+ 55(5(5

#@ 55(5(5 indica. P(+,()/*%+ 55(5(5 (%*%+ ('%5%'*%+ 5%& 5%&

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 */%+6%. B('%5%'*%+ 5%&5%& */%+6%: S . E+&('&5 /('%*%+ 55(5(5

enteritica.

B('%5%'*%+ 5&'*&' %+&,(++6% 55(5(5 %, /(+-% 5(';%'5('&(. U+&* 

/(+)5*%+ +%/% 5('&(: /5%)+6% 8%'% )%/% S. enteritidis /(+-% S. enteritica 55(5(5

enteritica 5('&( E+&('&5 /(+-% Salmonella 5(' E+&('&5 %+ 5%%& + (+)5%++6%

/(+-% Salmonella E+&('&5 =M''%6 1991>.

Salmonella *)%5*%5*%+ %)%/ ,' 5(5% (+,%+ *)%5*%5 K%/%+"&(

6%+, %5%'*%+ %% %+&,(+ %%+ 5/%&* O =ohne> %+ %+&,(+ )%,() H =hauch>. G(+5

+ /(/+6% 5&'*&' %+&,(+ 6%+, &%* 5&%) %+ %%& /(+,%)%/ ('%%+ 5(<%*&

<%*& %+ %*&(' + %% 5%& 5%%& %%& /(/(+&* ;%'%5 5(8%'% &%&% =K%/%++

1972>. S . E+&('&5 ('5%& G'%/ +(,%&: ('(+&* %&%+, (+(*: &%* ('5'% (+,%+

*'%+ 0:71: 2:0:0 //: //+6% (',('%* (+,%+  "lagella  peritrius. S . E+&('&5

&%* /(/('/(+&%5 )%*&5% %+ 5*'5%: %*%+ &(&% /(/(+&* %5%/ %+ -,% ,%5 %'

,)*5%: /%)&5%: %+ /%++&). S . E+&('&5 /(/(' '(%*5 5& &('%% 5&'%&: )5+:

'+&+ (*%'*5)%5(: 5('&% /(/(' '(%*5 +(,%& %% +) %+ '(%5(. K%'%*&('5&* 

)%++6% 6%& %%& /('(*5 +&'%& /(+-% +&'&: %%& /(/('/(+&%5 )5&):

/(/'*5 H2S: %+ &/ 5(8%'% &/%) %% 5 37 $ =$ et al . 2000>.3

G%/%' 3@ B%*&(' Salmonella E+&('&5 =$ et al . 2000>

2.4.1 H%&%& %+ 5&'5 S. *nteritidis

S. enteritidis %%)% 5%)% 5%& ,(+5 %*&(' %' %/) E+&('%8&('%8(%(: ('5%&

G'%/ +(,%&: ('(+&* %&%+, %+ &%* ('5'%: /&) (+,%+ )%,())% ('&'*5: ('5%&

%*)&%& %+%('*: *%&%)%5( 5&: *5%5( +(,%&: /%/ /(/('/(+&%5 *%''%&

(+,%+ /(+,%5)*%+ %5%/ %+ ,%5 5('&% %%& /(+,,+%*%+ 5&'%& 5(%,% 5/(' *%'+.

B%*&(' + %%& &/ &// %% 5 337$ %+ H !:7:.

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B('%5%'*%+ 5*(/% K%/%+"&(: S. enteritidis &('/%5* %)%/ ,' D Salmonella

(+,%+ 5&'*&' %+&,(+*+6% %%)% O@1:9:12 %+ H@,:/1:7 =Serbeniu, 2002- Supardi Dan

Suamto, ///>.

H%&%& &%/% S. enteritidis ('%% %)%/ 5%)'%+ (+8('+%%+ (<%+ ('%'% %+%5

= 1R31, 2000>. B%*&(' + -,% %%& &(/*%+ %% (5(5 /%+ %' )+,*+,%+:

5(('&@ %': &%+%: &%+%/%+: (: %' %&% *%+&'. P%+,%+ %5%) &('+%* 6%+, 5('+,

&('*+&%/+%5 S. enteritidis %%)% &()' %+ )%%++6%: %,+, %6%/: %,+, 5%: 55 %+

)%%++6% 5(('& (5 *'/ %+ *(-: *%+ %+ )%%++6% %+,: *%8%+,*%8%+,%+: 5%5: 5%)%:

*(: /(+&(,%: mayonnaise /%+ 8*)%&. = Duguid Dan #orth, //- Supardi Dan Suamto,

/// >. S. enteritidis *(+%) 5(%,% %&,(+ 6%+, (+&+, %* %% +,,%5 /%+

/%+5%. P(+/(+% *('%8+%+ /%*%+%+ %% /%+5% ('*%&%+ ('%& (+,%+ /(++,*%&+6%

 -/)% %6%/ %+ &()' %6%/ 6%+, &('*+&%/+%5 )( 5('&( S. enteritidis. D)%'*%+

&('%%& 3 /%8%/ 5('&( S. enteritidis 6%+, ('*%&%+ (+,%+ egg!borne disease outbrea 

6%+, &('-% +(,%'%+(,%'% E'%: A/('*%: %+ I+,,'5. "%% 5%)/+())55 %%

/%+5% &('5(& 5(%*%+ )( S. enteritidis %,( &( 4: ? %+ 23. D%' (('%% *%55

5%)/+())55 *(&% %<% S. enteritidis  %,( &( 4 /('%*%+ 5('&( 6%+, %)+,

 %&,(+ &('%% %6%/ &('&%/% %6%/ (&()'. S&'%+ S. enteritidis  %,( &( 4 5()%+

&(/*%+ %% *()/* +* (&()' %+ & %6%/ (&()' -,% %%& 5)%5 %' %6%/

 (%,+, %+ & %6%/ (%,+,. D I++(5%: S. enteritidis  %,( &( 4 %<%)+6%

&(/*%+ %' %6%/ /' 5%& %' %&% day old chic =DO$> 6%+, &('+6%&% ('%5%) %'

 (&('+%*%+ (/&%+ parent stoc /%+ grand parent  = oernomo, 2000>.

2.4.2 P(+6(%'%+ S. E+&('&5

S%)/+())55 /('%*%+ "oodborne disease *(% 6%+, %)+, // )%'*%+

+% =ARS: 2001>. D E'%: <%% 5%)/+())55 &()% )%'*%+ 5(-%* )( %' 20 &%+

6%+, )%). P%% &%+ 19?0%+ &('-%  (++,*%&%+ 6%+, +6%&% <%% S. enteritidis

 (('%% +(,%'% E'%. P%% //+6%  (+6%*& + ('5%& ((/* 6%+, &('-% 5(8%'%

 ('5%/%%+ (('%% %,%+ +%.  S()%/% &%+ 1990 (+6%*& &('5 /(+6(%'   5%/%

+(,%'%+(,%'% ('*(/%+, %+  /(+8%% +8%*+6% %% &%+ 1992. S(&()%  &%+ 1992

<%% S. enteritidis (('%%  +(,%'% &(')%& /)% /(+'+: ('+,%+  (+,%+

/)(/(+&%5 *+&') &('%% +(*5  Salmonella (&('+%*%+ 6%+, )( %* 5('&%

 ('%&%+ /%56%'%*%& 6%+, )( (5%' &('%%  '(5* 6%+, &/) =SC56#D et al.,

2004>.

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D I++(5%: S. enteritidis &(/*%+ ('&%/% *%) %% &%+ 1991 %' %6%/ 6%+,

(')( %' R/% P&+, A6%/ J%*%'&%. P%% ('&(+,%%+ &%+ 1994 +(*5 S.

enteritidis %% %6%/ 6%+, &('-% 5(8%'% 5'%5 /)% 5('+, )%'*%+ =POERNOMO et 

al .: 1997>. D%)%/ *'+ <%*& 19?9199! )%'%&'/ B%)% P(+()&%+ #(&('+(' 

=B%)&;(&> &()% ('%5) /(+,5)%5 S.enteritidis 5(%+6%* ?7 5)%&. D%)%/ ('( &%+

199!1999 -/)%+6% /(++,*%& /(+-% 29 5)%& = oernomo dan 'ahri, //7-

Soedarmono et al., 200>. I5)%&5)%& S. enteritidis 6%+, &()% 5)%5 B%)&;(& ('%5%)

%' %6%/: &()' %6%/: ) %6%/ , litter paper bo8, %,+, %6%/: %*%+ %6%/: *%'*%5 %6%/:

(/' %6%/: %' )+,*+,%+ (&('+%*%+: %' (<%+ )%+ 5(('& &*5: *8+,: '+, %6%+:

 '+, /%*%: %+ -,% %' /%+5%. ")%6% (+6(%'%+ %*&(' S. enteritidis &('5(&

/()& DKI J%*%'&%: J%<% B%'%&: J%<% T/': P)% B)%+ %+ S/%&('% U&%'% = oernomo,

2004>.

2.4.3 S/(' %+ T'%+5/5

K+&%/+%5 ;('&*%) *(+%) -,% 5(%,% *+&%/+%5 &'%+5;%'%) =transoarial 

contaminated >. T(' (+)%'%+ ;('&*%) /(+6(&*%+ %<% S . E+&('&5 %% &()' %6%/:

 ('%5%) %' +* %6%/ 6%+, &('+(*5 =$ et al . 2000>. P(+()&%+ 6%+, )%**%+ (+,%+

/(+,,+%*%+ %6%/ 6%+, 5(%+, ('&()' %+ +(*5 (+,%+ S . E+&('&5: &('+6%&%/(+,%*%&*%+ &()'&()' &('5(& &('+(*5 (+,%+ 5&'%+ S . E+&('&5 6%+, 5%/% =FSIS %+

FDA 199?>. S . E+&('&5 %%& /(+,+(*5 &()' 6%+, ('%5%) %' +* %6%/ 6%+, 5(%&

/%+% *+&%/+%5 &('-% 5(()/ *)& &()' &('(+&*: )(&%* +(*5 %5%+6% & &()' 

(*%& /(/'%+ *++, &()' =$D$ 2003>. FSIS %+ FDA =199?> &()% /()%**%+ 5';(

/(+,(+% *(('%%%+ S . E+&('&5 &()'. H%5) 5';(6 /(/*&*%+ %%+6% S . E+&('&5

*('%%+,: *++, %+ & &()'. S()%+ &()': FSIS %+ FDA =199?> /()%**%+ 5';(

&(+&%+, *(('%%%+ S . E+&('&5 & %6%/ (&()'. H%5) %' 5';( &('5(& &(/*%+

S . E+&('&5 ',%+ 55 +&: %&: ,+-%): ++, &()' %+ 5%)'%+ ++, &()' .4

K+&%/+%5 S . E+&('&5 %% *('%%+, &()' %6%/ 5(8%'% '+&%): %*%&*%+

)( +(*5 %' 5%)'%+ '('*5 +* %6%/ %,%+ %<% %+%&% *+&%/+%5 (5(5

%' +* %6%/ 5%%& (+,('%/%+. K+&%/+%5 +%5)&%5 (+,%+ *+5 *('%%+,

*('%%+, &()' 6%+, )(/%: (+6/%+%+ %% 5 &+,, %+ *('5%*%+ *('%%+, &()'.

K+&%/+%5 %% *('%%+, &()': &%* %+6% /(++,*%&*%+ '(5* &('-%+6% *+&%/+%5

 %% 5 &()': &(&% -,% /(++,*%&*%+ '(5* &('-%+6% *+&%/+%5 5)%+, %% &()' 

5(*&%'+6% %+ '*'* ('%%+ &()' )%++6%. S(-/)% (+()&%+ /(++-**%+

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%%+6% (+(&'%5 %+ /)&)*%5 S . E+&('&5 %+&%'% &()'&()' %6%/. F%*&'%*&' 6%+,

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&()': %+6%*+6% '' %% *('%%+, &()': &(/('%&': *()(/%%+ %+ &(*%+%+ %.

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= 9S3S dan 9D: //(- Co8 et al. 2000> .

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S()%+-&+6% %*&(' &('5(& %*%+ /(+6(%' *( ',%+ )%+ 5(('& ',%+ '('*5 =;%'/

%+ ;*>. D,% &'%+5' %*&(' &('5(& ('%+&%'% )( /%*'%, 6%+, &('%%& %%

5%)'%+ (+8('+%%+. I+(*5 S.  enteritidis  %% ;%'/ +* %6%/ (&()' %%&

/(+6(%*%+ (+)%'%+ S. enteritidis 5(8%'% ;('&*%) =+(*5 &'%+5;%'%)> *( &()'&()' %6%/

6%+, %5)*%+ 5(+,,% %+%*%+%* %6%/ 6%+, &(&%5*%+ %%& ('&+%* 5(%,% (/%<%

%&% *%'(' S. enteritidis. A+%* %6%/ &('5(& %*%+ &/ %+ ('*(/%+, /(+-% %'%

%&% +* (<%5% 6%+, %%& /(+6(%*%+ *+&%/+%5 &()' 5()%+-&+6% = 5:R:!K6D1 et 

al., 200- 53:G:R:J:# et al., //4- <:#G dan S:;3K, //(>.

I+(*5 &'%+5;%'%) &('-% /()%) *+&%* )%+,5+, S.  enteritidis  %% *++, &()' 

%&% %)/+ 5()%/% '5(5 (/(+&*%+ &()' =oiposition> 6%& 5()%/% ('-%)%+%+ 5() &()' 

%' ;%'/ /(+- ++)/ %+ ;*: 5(()/ &()' &('&& *('%%+, %+ 5(()/

&(')++, )( %+&%8&('%) %)/+ =DUGUID %+ NORTH: 1991 MIYAMOTO et al .:

199?>. P(+)%'%+ 5(8%'% ;('&*%) + -,% 5(&*%+ 5(%,% *+&%/+%5 +&('+%) %% &()' 

=HARAKUDO et al .: 2001 "ANG %+ SLA#IK: 199?>.

P(+6(%'%+ S. enteritidis 5(8%'% *+&%* )%+,5+, %+ &%* )%+,5+,

S. enteritidis 6%+, &()% /(/('%+6%* ' %)%/ 5%)'%+ (+8('+%%+ 5()%+-&+6%

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'+&%) *( %)%/ &()' (+,%+ 8%'% /(+(/() %% ('/*%%+ *('%%+, &()' 

=53:G:R:J:# et al., //4>. S()%+-&+6% %*&(' %*%+ /(+,%%*%+ (+(&'%5 *( %)%/ &()' 

%+ /(+8(/%' %,%+ %)%/ &()' =*++, &()' %+ %)/+> /()%) '' *('%%+,

&()' 6%+, &%* &('&& )( 8&8)( =*)& %' %&% 5()%& )%' *('%%+, &()'>. $&8)(  +

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 ('('%+ 5(%,% 5()%& 6%+, /(+,%)%+, (+(&'%5 %*&(' *( %)%/ &()' (+,%+ 8%'%

/(+'+*%+ ('/(%)&%5 *('%%+, &()' 5(+,,% '' *('%%+, /(+-% &('&&.

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*%'(+% &('55+ )( '&(+ %+ /(+,%++, 5%+,%& %+6%* )65/( 6%+, %%& /(+8(,%

+(*5 %*&('%) =<:#G dan S:;3K, //(>. P(+)%'%+ 5(8%'% '+&%) + -,% 5(&

*+&%/+%5 (*5&('+%) %% &()'.

K+&%/+%5 S. enteritidis %% /%*%+%+ %%& ('%+&%'% )( ;(8&' /(*%+* %+

 ),* 5(('& '(+5%: '+,'+, )%': )%)%&: *(8%: */%+,: *&: %'%5& /%+

/%+5%. P* )%'*%+ %%& 5(%,% 5%'%+% *+&%/+%5 S. enteritidis (&('+%*%+.

K(('%%%+ S. enteritidis  -,% %%& &(/*%+ &%+%: %': %'%: *%6: (: (5(5 %+

&%+%/%+ 5(('& %%%+ %+ 5%6'%+ =GAST: 1997 S$HLUNDT et al .: 2004

SERBENIUK: 2002 "ARD et al .: 2003>. HOLT et al. =199?> /(+6%/%*%+ %<%

 (('%% %*&' '(555 5(('& %%+6% /*&*5+: ('%%+ */55 %*%+ 6%+,

('*%+: 5&'(55 %+ molting  %% +* %6%/ %%& /(++,*%&*%+ *(%'%%+ +(*5

Salmonella 6%+, &)%'*%+ /()%) &'%+5/5 '+&%).

2.4.4 P(+8(/%'%+ S. *nteritidis %% '* %+,%+ %5%) &('+%* 

B%%+ %+,%+ %5%) (<%+ &('&%/% +,,%5: '* +,,%5 ('% %,+, %+ &()' 

/(+&% 5('+, &(/*%+ %% *%55 5'%* %+ <%% 5%)/+())55 %% /%+5%

=SC56#D et al., 2004- D31# et al., ///>. Salmonella /+,*+ &('%%& %%

/%*%+%+ %)%/ -/)% &+,, &(&% &%* 5()%) /(+/)*%+ ('%%+ %)%/ %) <%'+%:

 % /%+ '%5% %' /%*%+%+ &('5(&. P%% //+6% 5(/%*+ &+,, -/)% Salmonella

%)%/ 5%& /%*%+%+ 5(/%*+ (5%' &/)+6% ,(-%)% +(*5 %% /%+5% 6%+,

/(+,*+5/5 /%*%+%+ &('5(& %+ 5(/%*+ 8(%& &/)+6% ,(-%)% *)+5 =S6:RD3 dan

S6K:=1, ///>.

#OUGHT %+ TATINI =199?> /(+,(/*%*%+ %<% <%% 5%)/+())55 I+,,'5

&()% &('-% %% '%+, (<%5% %*%& /(+,*+5/5 (5 *'/ 6%+, &('*+&%/+%5 S.

enteritidis 5(%+6%* 107 $FU. P%% '%+, (<%5% 6%+, /(+,*+5/5 /%*%+%+

&('*+&%/+%5 %*&(' &('5(& 5(%+6%* 10 10! $FU )%'*%+ &%* /(++-**%+ ,(-%)%

*)+5 (+6%*&. N%/+ (('%% (+()&%+ /(+6%&%*%+ %<% 5(-/)% *(8) S. enteritidis

%)%/ /%*%+%+ =10 $FU> &()% %%& /(+6(%*%+ +(*5. H%) + %%& &('-% *%'(+%

 '* /%*%+%+ &('5(& /(+,%++, %+6%* ) %+ %&% ,)% 6%+, %%& /()++,

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Salmonella %' %''(' )%/+, 6%+, ('5%& %5%/ 5(+,,% %*&(' &('5(& %%& /(+8%%

55 %)5 %+ /(+/)*%+ ,(-%)% (+6%*&.

P(+8(/%'%+ S. enteritidis %% &()' 

T()' /('%*%+ 5%)% 5%& 5/(' +&'5 6%+, (', &+,, *%'(+% /(+,%++,%&%& /%*%+%+ 6%+, &*%+ )( /%+5%. N%/+ %*' %*' + &()' &()% %+6%* 

)%'*%+ 5(%,% 5/(' +(*5 S. enteritidis %% /%+5% ="ANG %+ SLA#IK: 199?>.

B%*&(' S. enteritidis %)%/ -/)% (5%' 6%+, &('%%& %)%/ &()' )( 5('+, 5(%,%

 (+6(% (+6%*& =$D$: 2001>. D (('%% +(,%'% E'% %+ A/('*% <%%

5%)/+())55 ('%5%) %' /%*%+%+ 6%+, /(+,%++, &()' (+,%+ *%)&%5 &('%* =,'%( A>

6%+, &('*+&%/+%5 5(8%'% ;('&8%) =53:G:R:J:# et al., //4- 3=1#*> et al., /(/>.

L( %' 44 <%% 5%)/+())55 6%+, &('-% +% /()%&*%+ *+5/5 &()':

 '* %5%) &()' 6%+, &('*+&%/+%5 %*%& *+&%/+%5 %% 5%%& &()' +*%5 5()%/%

 (+,('%/%+ %+ 8%'% /(/%5%* &()' 6%+, *'%+, 5(/'+% 5(('& /%5%* 5(&(+,% /%&%+,

%&% *+5/5 /%5 /(+&%. T()'&()' 6%+, &()% (**%+ %&% *('+,*%+: &()'&()' 

& 6%+, &%* 5/%+ %)%/ '(',('%&' %* 5()%/% '(&%)(': '/%'/% %&% %%

5%% *%&('+, -,% %%& /(+,*+&%/+%5 /%*%+%+. = ':RR1<, //&- CDC, 200-

 3*51J, 2000- S6:RD3 danS6K:=1, ///- <51, 2002>.

P(+8(/%'%+ S. enteritidis %% '* %,+, %6%/

K+&%/+%5 %% &('+%* +,,%5 %%& &('-% 5(()/ 5(/() 6%& %*%&

*+&%/+%5 '+&%) (*5&('+%) %% &()'&()' 5%%& (+,('%/%+ &()' %6%/ (%,+,

5(+,,% %*%+ %5)*%+ %,+, %6%/ 6%+, &('*+&%/+%5 )( S. enteritidis: 5()%/%

 (+6(/()%+: 5()%/% %&% 5(&()% (+,)%%+ =GAST: 1997 SUPARDI %+ SUKAMTO:

1999>. $OOPER =1994> /(+,(/*%*%+ %<% '5(5 '*5 '/% (/&+,%+ %6%/

&%* %%& /(+-%/+ '* %*' '*5 &('5(& (%5 S. enteritidis.

T+,*%& '(;%)(+5 *+&%/+%5 %% %,+, (* UK 5((5%' ?0 5(%+, USA

5((5%' 0 %% %,+, %6%/ /(+&%. T+,*%& *+&%/+%5 S.enteritidis %% %,+, %6%/

5(,%' &%/%*+6% '(+% 6%& 17 $FU 100 ,'%/ *)& %6%/ %%+ /%*5// 1:4 103

$FU,'%/ /%*%+%+ =$OOPER: 1994>. P('&/%+ S. enteritidis %% %,+, %6%/ ,%

 -,% %%& &('-% %% 5%%& 5/%+ '(&%)(': 5%%& &'%+5'&%5: (+6/%+%+ %'

%': (/%+%5%+ 5%%& /(/%5%* 6%+, *'%+, 5(/'+% 5(+,,% %*&(' &('5(& /%5

%%& ="HO: 2002>. D%,+, %6%/ 6%+, &('8(/%' S. enteritidis 5()%+ 5(%,% (+6(%

<%% 5%)/+())55 *%'(+% /(+,*+5/5+6% -,% ('&(+5 5(%,% 5/(' *+&%/+%5

5)%+, &('%% /%*%+%+ )%+ %+ /(+6(%*%+ <%% 5()%+-&+6%. N%/+ *+&%/+%5

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5)%+, + 5)& (&(*5. P%% (('%% *(-%%+ /+,*+ &%* *(&% %+ &%* 

)%'*%+ =DUGUID %+ NORTH: 1991>.

P%% //+6% %*&' &%/% *+&%/+%5 5)%+, &('-% %% 5%%& /(+6%*%+:

/(+,)% %+ /(/%5%* /%*%+%+ %'. K+&%/+%5 &('-% /()%) *+&%* )%+,5+,

(+,%+ %,+, %6%/ %&% ('*%*%5 %' 6%+, &('8(/%' S. enteritidis %&% &%+,%+ 6%+, &%* 

88 ('5. K+&%/+%5 5)%+, + 5('+, &(/*%+ %'%' '/% /%*%+: &():

'/% 5%*& %&% (+,5%% *%&('+, =DUGUID %+ NORTH: 1991 $D$: 2001>. T('-%+6%

*+&%/+%5 5)%+, -,% (+,%' )( (('%% %8&' 5(('& $ater aailability =A<>: H:

 pacaging   athmosphere: */(&& (+,%+ /*')'% )%+ %)%/ 55 %+ <%*&

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2. G(-%)% *)+5 %*%& +(*5 S. *nteritidis

G(-%)% *)+5 %% 5%)/+())55 &(',%+&+, %% 5%& ;')(+5 %+ +;%5 %*&(':

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*(5(%&%+ (+('&% =SUPARDI %+ SUKAMTO: 1999>. A6%/ 5(/% /' %%& &('5('%+,

S. enteritidis +%/+ 6%+, %)+, '(+&%+ %%)% DO$. A+%* %6%/ /' 1 %' )( '(+&%+

&('%% +(*5 S. enteritidis %' %+%* %6%/ /' 7 %' %&% 4 /+,,. K%%+,*%%+,

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 3S*R, /((>.

P%% %+%* %6%/ 6%+, /%&: %% %,%+ /*5% +&(5&+%)+6% &(')%& )(5 *

+(*'&*: 5(*/ ('*(-: )/% %+ %& (+,*%*: *(/('%%+: &('%%& 8 +(*'&*: ,+-%)

/(/(5%' %+ *+,(5&. P('(%&&5 '+')(+ %+ ('*%'&5. L(5 )%+ *%%+,

*%%+, %/%& %%+6% %+&%)/&5: %'&'&5 ')(+: airsacculiti5 %+ /%)&5. A+%* 

%6%/ /' 24 -%/ 6%+, &('+(*5 /()%) *+&%* '+&%) %%& /(+5(*'(5*%+ S.

enteritidis 5%/% /' 2? /+,, =G:S, //7 >.

I+(*5 S. enteritidis  %% &('+%* %&% %% %6%/ /' )( %' 2 /+,, %5%+6%

&%* /(+/)*%+ ,(-%)% *)+5 %+ &%* /(/%&*%+: &(&% %6%/ 6%+, 5(/ %' +(*5

%%& /(+-% *%'(' /(+%+ 6%+, 5(<%*& <%*& %%& /(+,(*5*'(5*%+ %*&(' S.

enteritidis  %% (5(5+6%. K%%+, *%%+, %% &('+%* %&% +%+, 5(5*: 5%)/+())55

%%& /(+/)*%+ ,(-%)% *)+5 (+&('&5. M%+(5&%5 ,(-%)% *)+5 &('5(& %%& ('%

5(&*(/%: (+&('*)&5: %+'(*5%: %'( '5 %+ *%%+,*%%+, /(++,&5: +(/+%:

%+ (+8(%)&5 =G:S, //7- 1*R#1=1 et al., //7 >.

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2.! $%'% (+,(+%)%+ S. E+&('&5

S/(' &%/% &('-%+6% +(*5 %% /%+5% %%)% (&('+%*%+. M(+,'%+,

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 %*&(' &('5(& %% /%+5%. S%)% 5%& (+,(+%)%+ 6%+, (+&+, %%)% /(+-%,%

*(('5%+ (&('+%*%+. P(+()&%+ /(++-**%+ %<% (/('5%+ 5(8%'% +&(+5 %+

 (+,,+%%+ (5+(*&%+ %%& /(+,'%+, *(('%%%+ %*&(' &('5(& = 'ereley 2002>.

T()' 5(('& -,% %,+,: %5) &('+%*: 55 %+ %%+ )%%+ )%++6% %*%+ %/%+ )% )%

(+,%+ %*. T()' %6%/ %*%+ %/%+ )% 5/%+ %)%/ (++,+ = re"rigerator? &('5(+'

%+ /%5%* 5('&% *+5/5 5(,('%/ = 'lumenthal 2002>.

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 %*&(' &('5(& %% &()': 5(+,,% &()' 5(%*+6% 5/%+ %% (++,+: 5%/% 5%%&

%*%+ ,+%*%+. P(/%5%*%+ -,% %*%+ /(+,'%+, -/)% %*&(' 6%+, %% %% &()':

+%/+ & &()' %+ *++, &()' 6%+, ()/ /%&%+,: %*%+ ('5* )( (5%' 

/(+/)*%+ +(*5 %++,*%+ (+,%+ &()' 6%+, &()% /%&%+, *%'(+% S . E+&('&5 %*%+

/%& *%'(+% (/%+%5%+ %)+, 5(*& 5()%/% 12 /(+& %% 5 !! $ %&% 77?3 /(+&

 %% 5 !0 $ = 'lumenthal 2002- CDC 200&>. U+&* /(+,'%+, '5* +(*5 S .E+&('&5 %% &()' 6%+, %*%+ *+5/5: %%& )%**%+ (+,%+ 8%'%8%'% 5(%,%

 ('*&@

1. B%+, &()' 6%+, &()% (8% %&% *&':

2. $8 &%+,%+ %+ '(5 ('%)%&%+ '/% &%+,,% (+,%+ 5%+ %+ %' 5(&()% *+&%* 

(+,%+ &()' /(+&%:

3. M%*%+ 5(,('% &()' 5(&()% /%5%* %+ -%+,%+ /(+6/%+ &()' /%&%+, %% 5

*%/%' )( %' 4 -%/:

4. H+%'*%+ /%*%+ &()' /(+&% =5(('& &()' 8%/'%+ (5 *'/ '*5 '/%

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. H+%' /(/%*%+ /%*%+%+ '(5&'%+ 6%+, /(+,,+%*%+ %%+ &()' /(+&% %&%

&()' 6%+, &%* %5&('5%5 ="HO 2002>.

2.7 S%)/+())% P))'/

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2.7.1 E&),

B%*&(' ('(+&* %&%+,: G'%/ +(,%&: ++ /&): &%* ('5'%:%*)&%& %(' .

P)'/ %%)% 5%& (+6%*& +(*5 *'+5 %% %6%/ 6%+, 5(%*%+ )( S%)/+())%

P))'/. P(+6%*& + +&* ('&%/% *%) )%'*%+ )( R(&&,(' %%% &%+ 1900.

B%5%+6% /(+6('%+, %+%* %6%/ 5%/% (+,%+ /' 4 /+,,. M%5% &+%5 &('-% %+&%'% 4

%' &(&% %*&(' + %%& ('&%%+ 5%/% 1 &%+ *%+%+, %6%/. I+(*5 %%&

&('-% ('%,% -(+5 +,,%5 &('&%/% %6%/: (+&* %+ *%)*+.A6%/ %<% 5% 14 %'

6%+, &('5('%+, (+6%*& + %%& ('%*%& %&%): &(&% +&* %6%/ 6%+, ('5% )( &%

)( &%%+ &('%% (+6%*& +. A6%/ 6%+, 5(/ /(+-% (/%<% 5%& %+ 5(/' 

+6% /(+,()%'*%+ & (+6%*&.

2.7.2 GEJALA KLINIS

P(+6%*& (+8('+%%+ /(+-% ('%&%+ %)%/ +5&' (&('+%*%+ *55+6% +,,%5:

*%'(+% %%& /(+'+*%+ '*&;&%5: /(++,*%&*%+ %+,*% *(/%&%+ %+ /(+6(%*%+

*+&%/+%5 '* (&('+%*%+ +&* *+5/5 /%+5%. S(+,,% (') %%+6%

 (+,(/%+,%+ /%+ %*%+ +&* +,,%5 =I//+88*> 6%+, &-*%+ +&* 

/(++,*%&*%+ (''/% %+ /+&%5 &('+%*. P(&('+%* +,,%5 //+6% /(+,%)%/ *(+%)%

%)%/ %) (+6%*&. P(+6%*& 6%+, 5('+, /(+6('%+, %%)% ))'/. P(+6%*& ))'/

%%)% (+6%*& +,,%5 6%+, &)%'*%+ /()%) &()': &('&%/% %% %6%/ %+ *%)*+ 6%+,

&%+% (+,%+ ('%* & %+ *(/%&%+ &+,, %% +,,%5 /%: %+ %%& /(+6(%' 

5(8%'% ;('&*%) /()%) &'%+5 ;%' %+ 5(8%'% '+&%) /()%) %*%+: %': %+ /(5+ &(&%5

6%+, &('*+&%/+%5 %,(+ (+6%*&. P(+6%*& + %%& /(+6(%' %' %6%/ 6%+, 5%& *(

%6%/ 6%+, )%+. P(+)%'%+ (+6%*& + *%%+, C *%%+, +,*%+ (+,%+ *%+%)5/(=

 oernomo, 2004 >.

P(+6%*& ))'/ /('%*%+ (+6%*& +,,%5 6%+, 5(%*%+ )( +(*5 %*&('

Salmonella pullorum. P(+6%*& ))'/ %%& /(+6(%*%+ *(/%&%+ -*% /(+6('%+,

+,,%5 /% %% /' 3 /+,, %&% *'%+, (+,%+ &+,*%& /'&%)&%5 %+&%'% 20C?0

= 1R*R, //(- 6R#1=1, 2004>. S. pullorum %%)% %*&(' ,'%/ +(,%& 6%+, %%&

/(+(*%+ 55&(/ *(*(%)%+ & +,,%5 =immuno!suppression> %+ %%& /(+6(%*%+

*(/%&%+ %6%/ (%,+, 5%/% ?0100. =S53;:R:S:D, 200&- =C=63#, 2004>.

G(-%)% *)+5 +(*5 S. pullorum %% +,,%5 @

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DAFTAR PUSTAKA

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(Inggris) Ryan KJ, Ray CG (editors) (2004). Sherris =edical =icrobiology =4& (. (.>.

M8G'%< H)). ISBN 0?3??299.

(Inggris)Giannella RA (1996). "al!onella". D B%'+ S et al   =(5.>.  'aron@s =edical 

 =icrobiology =4& (. (.>. U+; T(%5 M(8%) B'%+8. ISBN 09!3117211.

(Inggris) I. 2006.  '+( ))+(55 %+ 5(%5(. &('+, ('*%)%

&&@<<<.55.5%.,;F%8&S((&5F'+(I))+(55D5(%5(F%8&S((&5+

(.%5 11 A' 201!.

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&&@<<<.S%)/+())%.',+.&/) 10 A') 201!.

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 ('*%)% &&@<<<+.88.,;&'%;()8+&(+&D5(%5(5.%55%)/ 11 A' 201!.

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)65+( (68)%&( %,%': (*&(+ (+&('8 %,%': S%)/+())%S,())% %,%': %+ (5+

/(&6)(+( )( %,%' <& 5&) 5(8/(+5. :ppl =icrobiol  21@3237.

Ariyanti, ati dan -ar. Cemaran Salmonella *nteritidis pada erna dan rodunya.

B%)% P(+()&%+ #(&('+('. B,'.

atyaningsi*, eya. 200+. Studi Salmonella *nteritidis pada elur :yam Ras di asar 

radisional Kabupaten angerang Aesis?. S(*)% P%58% S%'-%+% I+5&&& P('&%+%+B,'.B,' 

(Inggris) Ryan KJ, Ray CG (editors) (2004). S(''5 M(8%) M8'),6 =(5 *(4&

(.>. M8G'%< H)). ISBN 0?3??299.

(Inggris)Giannella RA (1996). "al!onella". %)%/ B%'+ S (& %) =(5.>. B%'+5

M(8%) M8'),6 =(5 *(4& (.>. U+; T(%5 M(8%) B'%+8. ISBN 0

9!3117211.

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  (Inggris) I. 2006.  '+( ))+(55 %+ 5(%5(. &('+, ('*%)%

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/(&6)(+( )( %,%' <& 5&) 5(8/(+5. A) M8') 21@3237.

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