kuliah 1 sistem pakar aj 290915.pptx

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KOM323 SISTEM PAKARKULIAH KE-1

Semester Ganjil 2015/2016



Sistem Pakar (KOM323)

SKS : 3(2-3) ras!arat : Ke"er#asan $%atan ( Artifcial

Intelligence) en&ajar :

K%lia'

r *eni Her#i!eni

A+i+ K%sti!, SSi .K,m

,t, Har!ant, SK,m .Si

rati%m

,t, Har!ant, SK,m .Si

Asisten

2



Sistem Pakar (KOM323)

K.E EILAIA US

UAS

UGAS

UI4 EK

AKIKU.

LAI-LAI SEIA EGU.ULA UGAS ISEAI $UKI $EUA

A7A *AG IAAAGAI SEIA .AHASIS8A(SESUAI UUA A7A HAI)

UGAS IKII LEH .K SISE. AKA



Deskripsi Mata Kuliah

.ata %lia' ini mem9a'as: ,sisi sistem aar a#a e"er#asan 9%atan #e;nisi r%an& lin&% arateristi #an erem9an&an

sistem aar 9e#a eran&at l%na sistem aar #en&aneran&at l%na ,n<ensi,nal

met,#,l,&i en&em9an&an sistem aar

arateristi se,ran& aar

a%isisi en&eta'%an

reresentasi en&eta'%an

met,#e in=erensi

met,#e enan&anan eti#aastian #en&an "ertant! =a"t,rl,&ia =%++! uzzy expert system

en&am9ilan e%t%san 9er9asis in#es inerja #an

sistem en#%%n& e%t%san (decision support system)

eran&at l%na en&em9an& sistem aar : 8ine>s!s ?LIS

4



TOPIK 1. Penahuluan Sistem Pakar

2. Akuisisi Pen!etahuan3. Teknik Representasi

Pen!etahuan an stui kasus

paa sistem pakar". Sistem In#erensi an $%nt%h

stui kasus in#erensi paa

sistem pakar&. 'ertaint a$t%r an

*n$ertaint

+. Pen!am,ilan Keputusan -irarki



TOPIK

0. eural et%rk an stui kasussistem pakar

. AIS an stui kasus sistem

pakar14.Stui Kasus

11.Stui Kasus

12.Stui Kasus13.Presentasi Pr%ek

1".Presentasi Pr%ek . *AS



Sum,er Kepustakaan5 %ssell S @ eter 2003 Artifcial Intelligence: A

Modern Approach E#isi e-2 renti"e-Hall e erse!

.arimin 2002 Teori dan Aplikasi Sistem Pakar pada Teknologi Manajerial I$ ress #an r,&ramas"asarjana I$

E %r9an 1BB0 ecision Support and !xpertSystems: Management SupportSystem.a"millan e *,r

Giarratan, 1BBC !xpert Systems " Principles

and Programming E#isi e-3 8S %9lis'in&?,man!

-S an& ?- S%n E .i+%tani 1BBD #euro"$uzzy and Sot %omputing : A %omputationalapproach to learning and Machine Intelligencerenti"e Hall Internati,nal E#iti,n



Penahuluan

Sistem aar #an AI



'%mp%nents %# AI (1)

9

ArtificialIntelligence

robotics

Learning

system

Artificial

neuralnetwork

Vision

Natural

language

expert

systems

Giarratano Ch 1 figure 1-1



'%mp%nents %# AI (2) E6pert Sstems are ",m%ter r,&rams

t'at a"t ,r 9e'a<e lie a '%man e>ert in a;el# ,r area

,9,ti"s in<,l<es #e<el,in& me"'ani"al ,r ",m%ter #e<i"es",ntr,lle# 9! s,=tare t, er=,rm tass t'at re%ire a 'i&'#e&ree ,= re"isi,n ,r are te#i,%s ,r 'a+ar#,%s =,r '%mans

7isi%n Sstems in"l%#e 'ar#are an# s,=tare t'at ermit",m%ters t, "at%re st,re an# mani%late <is%al ima&esan# i"t%res

atural 8an!ua!e Pr%$essin! all,s t'e ",m%ter t,%n#erstan# an# rea"t t, statements an# ",mman#s ma#e in a

Fnat%ralF lan&%a&e s%"' as En&lis' Learnin& S!stems in"l%#e 'ar#are an# s,=tare t'at all,

t'e ",m%ter t, "'an&e ', it =%n"ti,ns ,r rea"ts t,sit%ati,ns 9ase# ,n =ee#9a" it re"ei<es

eural et%rks are ",m%ter s!stems t'at a"t lie ,rsim%late t'e =%n"ti,nin& ,= t'e '%man 9rain



Apa itu Sistem Pakar9 (1)

Sistem aar a#ala' eran&at l%na ,m%ter

"er#as !an& men&&%naan en&eta'%an #anr,se#%r in=erensi %nt% meme"a'an masala'!an& "%% r%mit ata% memerl%anemam%an se,ran& aar %nt%

meme"a'ann!a (Harm,n @ Kin& (1BC5) #ia"%#alam .arimin 2005)

Sistem aar a#ala' s,=tare !an&

men&&%naan en&eta'%an =ata #anteni in=erensi %nt% masala' !an&9iasan!a mem9%t%'an ea'lian se,ran&aar

11




Sistem aar 9er9e#a #en&an r,&ram,n<ensi,nal arena r,&ram ,n<ensi,nal'an!a #aat #imen&erti ,le' em9%atr,&ram (r,&rammer)

Sistem aar 9ersi=at interati= #anmem%n!ai emam%an %nt%menjelasan aa !an& #itan!aanen&&%na

Sistem aar mer%aan alternati= s,l%simasala' 9er9asis ,m%ter !& #i#%%n& AI%nt% masala' !& ,mles #an 9el%mmemilii al&,ritme




er9e#aan s,=tare ,n<ensi,nal #en&ansistem aar

K,n<ensi,nal

.en!ajian #an men&&%naan #ata $ersi=at al&,ritmi

r,ses reetiti=

.emani%lasi 9asis #ata

Sistem aar .en!ajian #an men&&%naan en&eta'%an

$ersi=at 'e%risti

r,ses in=erensi

.emani%lasi 9asis en&eta'%an



Karakteristik sistem pakar

,main ers,alan ter9atas .emilii emam%an mem9erian

enalaran .emilii emam%an men&,la' #ata

!an& men&an#%n& eti#aastian $asis en&eta'%an #i#asaran a#a

ai#a'



:hat -uman D% :hen S%l;in! Pr%,lem9

15

Str%t%r Sistem aar (1)



Struktur Sistem Pakar (2)

1



Struktur Sistem Pakar (3)

Kn,le#&e $ase In=eren"e En&ine 8,rin& .em,r!

A&en#a E>lanati,n 7a"ilit! Kn,le#&e A"%isiti,n 7a"ilit! User Inter=a"e

1!



Struktur Sistem Pakar (+)

&no'ledge"(ased: 9a&ian ini men&an#%n&

ai#a' eaaran 9er%a at%ran (rules) #anr,se#%r

Inerence !ngine : a#ala' s%at% meanisme,ntr,l %nt% en&am9ilan esim%lan

9er#asaran =ata #an n,le#&e-9ase# *orking memory: 9a&ian ini men&an#%n&

%m%lan =ata !an& aan #i&%naan ,le'n,le#&e-9ase# (r%le)

A&en#a : a#ala' %m%lan r%le !an&#i'asilan ,le' in=eren"e en&ine #an ses%ai(matching) #en&an =ata !an& terse#ia

1"



Struktur Sistem Pakar ()

!xplanation $acility : a#ala' =asilitas

!an& #i&%naan %nt% menjelasan"ara sistem menari esim%lan(reasoning) ea#a %ser

&no'ledge Ac+uisition $acility : a#ala'=asilitas !an& #i&%naan %nt%memas%an =ata/#ata e#alamsistem

,ser Interace: a#ala' s%at%meanisme #imana antara %ser#en&an sistem salin& 9er,m%niasi

19



D%main E6pert 'e in#i<i#%al ,r&r,% ',see>ertise an#n,le#&e is"at%re# =,r %se in

an e>ert s!stem

Kn%le!e En!ineerS,me,ne traine# ,r e>erien"e# in t'e #esi&n

#e<el,ment imlementati,n an# maintenan"e ,=an e>ert s!stem

Kn%le!e *ser 'e in#i<i#%al ,r&r,% ', %sesan# 9ene;ts =r,mt'e e>ert s!stem

Parti$ipants in De;el%pin! an*sin! E6pert Sstems



Keter,atasan manusia (Pakar) (1)

Sistem aar #iem9an&an arena a#an!a

eter9atasan man%sia (aar) #alammem9%at e%t%san !ait%:

Keaaran man%sia (human expertise)san&at jaran&

.an%sia aan men&alami elela'an se"ara;si #an mental 9ila mela%an eerjaan9erat

.an%sia memilii eter9atasan #alammen&in&at

.an%sia a#an&ala menja#i ti#a ,nsisten #alam en&am9ilan e%t%san

22



.an%sia memilii eter9atasan #alam

9er;ir ('orking memory )

.an%sia ti#a #aat mela%anmen&,la' #ata !an& 9esar #en&an"eat

emiiran man%sia a#an& 9ias

.an%sia 9isa 9er9,',n& 9ersem9%n!iata% menin&&al

2#

Keter,atasan manusia (Pakar) (2)



Kele,ihan Sistem Pakar (1)

!conomical en&an en&em9an&an

sistem aar maa 9ia!a !an& 'ar%s#iel%aran 9isa le9i' e,n,mis#i9an#in&an #en&an 9ia!a se,ran&aar

A-aila(ility en&an sistem aar maaermasala' #aat #iselesaian aansaja tana ter&ant%n& ea#ae9era#aan se,ran& aar

.espon time/ Sistem aar serin& alimemilii at% res,n !an& le9i' "eat#i9an#in& #en&an man%sia

24



Kele,ihan Sistem Pakar (2)

.elia(ility Keaaran sistem aar

#aat #iem9an& le9i' l%as la&i Selainit% j%&a sistem aar ti#a memiliierasasaan/em,si se'in&&a 9isa le9i',9jeti= #alam meme"a'an masala'

!xplanation Sistem aar memilii=asilitas %nt% menjelasan 9a&aimanaen&am9ilan e%t%san (reasoning)

#ila%an Intellectual property Sistem aar

#ilen&ai emam%an intelet%al

25



Kekuran!an Sistem Pakar

0imited kno'ledge Sistem aar memilii

eter9atasan en&eta'%an en&eta'%an sistem aar'an!a #i9atasi ,le' en&eta'%an !an& #imas%an e#alam sistem Sistem aar ti#a mema'amieteraitan antara ,nse #an eter'%9%n&ann!aSistem aar ti#a memilii 1common"sense1kno'ledge/

Mechanical .easoning Sistem aar #i9an&%n #en&anetent%an !an& s%#a' #itetaan se'in&&a a#asistem aar ti#a #aat menent%an met,#e !an&alin& teat %nt% men!elesaian masala' Sistemaar m%n&in saja men!elesaian masala' !an&

m%#a' #en&an at% ,m%tasi !an& san&at tin&&i 0ack o trust/ Kesim%lan !an& #i9erian ,le' sistem

aar ti#a #aat #iriti

2



E6pert Sstem Appli$ati%n Area (1)

'%ntr%l: ",ntr,l s!stems a#ati<el! &,<ern t'e9e'a<i,%r ,= a &i<en s!stem t, meetse"i;"ati,ns(e& man%=a"t%rin& r,"ess treatment,= a atient)

Prei$ti%n: in=errin& liel! ",nse%en"es ,= a &i<en

sit%ati,n (e& re#i"tin& t'e e>e"te# #ama&e t, a"r, =r,m an in<a#in& inse"t)

Dia!n%sis: in=er s!stem mal=%n"ti,ns ,r =a%lts =r,m,9ser<a9le in=,rmati,n ( ;n#in& t'e #isease ,= aatient =r,m 'er s!mt,ms)

Desi!n: ",n;&%res ,9je"ts %n#er a set ,= r,9lem",nstraints(e& #esi&n ,= ele"tr,ni" "ir"%its)

Plannin!: =,rm a"ti,ns t, a"'ie<e a &i<en (a r,9,tsa"",mlis'ment ,= a &i<en ,r =%n"ti,n)

$istem %akar &'()4"1* 2!



E6pert Sstem Appli$ati%n Area (2)

M%nit%rin!: ",mare ,9ser<a9le in=,rmati,n

,n t'e 9e'a<i,r ,= a s!stem it' s!stemstates t'at are ",nsi#ere# im,rtant t, its,erati,n (e& interretati,n ,= si&nals =r,msens,rs)

De,u!!in! an repair: r,,sin& an#imlementin& reme#ies =,r mal=%n"ti,ns Instru$ti%n: &%i#es t'e e#%"ati,n ,=

st%#ents in a &i<en t,i"

Interpretati%n: r,#%"e an %n#erstan#in& ,=a sit%ati,n =r,m a<aila9le in=,rmati,n (e&interretati,n ,= see"' anal!sis res%lts)

2"



Appli$ati%ns in E6pert Sstemsan AI

?re#it &rantin& In=,rmati,n mana&ement an# retrie<al AI an# e>ert s!stems em9e##e# in r,#%"ts lant la!,%t

H,sitals an# me#i"al =a"ilities Hel #ess an# assistan"e Eml,!ee er=,rman"e e<al%ati,n L,an anal!sis ir%s #ete"ti,n eair an# maintenan"e S'iin& .aretin& 8are',%se ,timi+ati,n



'%nt%h Aplikasi Sistem Pakar

EAL Sistem aar !an&

#i&%naan %nt% men#etesi 9a'animia

.*?I Sistem aar !an& #i&%naan%nt% men#etesi en!ait

SE? Sistem aar &e,l,&i!an& #i&%naan %nt% men#etesimineral

?/1 Sistem aar !an&#i&%naan %nt% men&,n;&%rasisistem ,m%ter E? A

#+



Peran!kat 8unak Sistem Pakar

eran&at L%na $er9asis $a'asa

emr,&raman eran&at l%na jenis ini mer%aan 9a'asa

emr,&raman tin&at tin&&i ('i&'er-le<ellan&%an&es) en&an eran&at l%na ini

en&&%na #it%nt%t %nt% meran"an&9a&aimana mereresentasianen&eta'%an (kno'ledge representation)#an mem9%at enalaran en&eta'%an(reasoning)

eran&at L%na $er9asis S'ell

?,nt,': 8IES*S LG LIS ?LIS ESS KAA-? $a9!l,n #an lain-lain

$istem %akar &'()4"1* #1



Pustaka

.arimin 2005 e,ri #an Aliasi Sistemaar a#a en,l,&i .anajerial I$ress $,&,r

*eni H 200D 7%n#amental sistem aar.ateri %lia' sistem aar

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