Kbunl Kanti.pptx 123

7/27/2019 Kbunl Kanti.pptx 123

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ROLE OF WATER CHEM ISTERY

IN POWER PLANTPresentation prepared by

Vi jendra Kumar Meena

ACT-2011
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WATER TREATMENT PLANT

AND FEATURES
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Sources of water


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PROBLEMS

CORROSION

Cl, SO4, TDS, FeDISSOLVED GASES

SCALING

Ca, Mg, Fe

SiO2, Al..,

FOULING

Fe, MUD, SS,

MICROBIAL,

ORGANICS

COST QUALITY AVAILIBILITY


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Raw water

AerationExposing Water to Atmospheric air therebyoxidizing some of the dissolved salts.

During aeration, two impurities viz. Ferrous

Bicarbonate and Manganous Bicarbonate

are oxidized as follows;Fe(HCO3) + O2 -- FeO(OH) + CO2 + H2O

Mn(HCO3) + O2 -- MnO2(OH) + CO2 + H2O
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Raw water

Dosing- Cl2 (disinfection, to

control bacteria, virus

& org. mat)

- Lime(pH adjustment,

softening)

- alium(coagulant)


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+ Al +

+

FINE PARTICLES , --VE CHARGE, REMAIN SUSPENDED

CHARGE NEUTRALISATION BY Al3+, COAGULATION


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Raw water

Flash mixer


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Clariflocculator


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Raw water

Clarified water


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14th June 2007 15

CLARIFLOCCULATOR

Raw

water

Chlorine

AlumLime Flash

Mixer

Clarification

Sludgesettling

pond

Clarified

water to

filters

Flocculation

Water quality at Clarifier outlet

Turbidity -


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NEED FOR


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NEED FOR

DEMINERALISATION:

Raw water contains various dissolved salts &

suspended solids. For use as feed in boiler

these are to be removed as they may getdeposited in heat transfer zones thereby

restricting heat transfer & may lead to

corrosion also.
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Degasser

FW water

ACF WAC SAC

WBA SBA MB

CST

Processes ..
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Degasser

FW water

ACF WAC SAC

WBA SBA MB

CST

ACFacts on principle of adsorption which is a surface active phenomenon

It removes residual turbidity (


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Degasser

FW water

ACF WAC SAC

WBA SBA MB

CST

WAC resin is capable to exchange cations of alkalinity producing salts only ie, forcarbonate hardness removal purpose.

2 R-COOH + Ca(HCO3)2 (RCOO)2Ca2+ 2 H2CO3

WAC resin can exchange ions only in neutral to alkaline pH range.

WAC results efficient TDS reduction in high carbonate hardness water.

Efficient regeneration takes place even with very dilute acid solution.

Processes ..


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Degasser

FW water

ACF WAC SAC

WBA SBA MB

CST

SAC resin works over wide pH range & is capable to exchangeany type of cations present in salts as sulphonic acid group

is strongly acidic.

2 R-SO3-H+ + CaCl2 (RSO3)2Ca2+ 2 (H+ + Cl- )

Processes ..


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Degasser

FW water

ACF WAC SAC

WBA SBA MB

CST

Water from the ex-cation contains carbonic acid which is very weak acid and difficultto be removed by strongly basic anion resin and causing hindrance to remove

silicate ions from the bed.

The ex-cation water is trickled in fine streams from top of a tall tower packed with

rasching rings, and compressed air is passed from the bottom

Carbonic acid break into CO^ and water. carbon dioxide escapes into the

atmosphere. Water is pumped back to anion exchanger bed

Processes ..


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Degasser

FW water

ACF WAC SAC

WBA SBA MB

CST

Weak anion resins derive their functionality from primary(RNH2),secondary(R-NHR)& tertiary amine (R3N)groups. The

weak weak-base anion resins remove free minerals acidity(FMA)

such as HCl & H2SO4 but doesnt remove weakly ionized acids

such silicic acid and bicarbonates

Processes ..


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Degasser

FW water

ACF WAC SAC

WBA SBA MB

CST

The Strong base anion resins derived theirfunctionality from quaternary ammonium exchange

sites.These are capable of exchanging anions like Cl-

,HCO3-,Silica.

Processes ..


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Wh DM ater cant be sed directl in boiler?
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Why DM water cant be used directly in boiler?

- Principle says if water is acidicCorrosive.

- Principle say if water is alkalineScale forming.

As DM water (also called as hungry water) is having no

salt, when it comes in contact with metal surface

attacks the metal.
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28

EFFECTS OF SILICA

Silica has high partition coefficient, so it has

tendency to deposit from steam onto turbine.

Silica can deposit on turbine blades specially on LP

turbine, which can lead to significant loss of output.


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Kbunl Kanti.pptx 123

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