Chapt 16 Kel Marsha

7/18/2019 Chapt 16 Kel Marsha

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Free Powerpoint Templates

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Managing FacilitatingGoods

Oleh :M. Ihsan AnshariAsri Dwi Meiyanti

Marsha ViolitaM. Chairul Hakim
http://www.powerpointstyles.com/http://www.powerpointstyles.com/


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ersediaan !Inventory"

Istilah yang menun#ukkansum$erdaya%sum$erdaya organisasiyang disim&an dalam antisi&asinyaterhada& &emenuhan &ermintaan

sum$erdaya internal dan e'ternaluntuk kegiatan o&erasional organisasi


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(istem ersediaan

(erangkaian ke$i#aksanaan dan&engendalian yang memonitor tingkat&ersediaan dan menentukan tingkat&ersediaan yang harus di#aga) ka&an

&ersediaan harus diisi) dan $era&a$esar &esanan yang harus dilakukan


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Factory Wholesaler Distributor Retailer Customer

Replenishment order

Replenishment order

Replenishment order

Customerorder

Production Delay

WholesalerInventory

Shipping Delay

Shipping Delay

DistributorInventory

RetailerInventory

Item Withdrawn


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Page 5

*u#uan (istem ersediaan

+. Meneta&kan dan men#amintersedianya sum$erdaya dalamkuantitas yang te&at dan &adawaktu yang te&at

,. Meminimalkan $iaya total melalui&enentuan a&a) $era&a) dan ka&an&esanan dilakukan secara o&timal


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Man-aat ersediaan

(e$agai -ungsi Decoupling yaitu:Men#amin ke$e$asan atau kelancarankegiatan o&erasional) internal dane'ternal sehingga &ermintaan&elanggan da&at ter&enuhi tan&atergantung &emasok

Menghilangkan resiko keterlam$atandatangnya $arang dan resiko $arangrusak

Mem&ertahankan sta$ilitas kegiatano&erasional

Mengo&timalkan &enggunaan mesin)&eralatan o&erasional organisasi

Mem$erikan &elayanan yang o&timaluntuk ke&erluan customer!internaleksternal"


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/iaya yang tim$ul karena&ersediaan

+. /iaya &emesanan !ordering cost"/iaya tele&on/iaya &emeriksaan dan &enerimaan/iaya &engiriman ke gudang

,. /iaya ersediaan/iaya -asilitas &enyim&anan/iaya &a#ak &ersediaan/iaya kerusakan


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/iaya yang tim$ul karena&ersediaan

0. /iaya kekurangan &ersediaan!stockout cost"1ehilangan &en#ualan1ehilangan langganan

(elisih harga

2. /iaya yang $erhu$ungan denganka&asitas &roduksi !$iaya &enyia&an 3setu& cost"

/iaya mesin menganggur/iaya (cheduling/iaya &ersia&an tenaga ker#alangsung


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4conomic Order 5uantity !4O5"

(uatu #umlah &em$elian untukmemenuhi ke$utuhan $ahan dalamsatu &eriode yang mem&unyai $iaya&ersediaan &aling rendah atau #umlah

&em$elian yang &aling ekonomisuntuk dilaksanakan setia& kali&em$elian


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*ingkat ersediaan 6s 7aktu$agi 4O5


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Formula

8 3 annual demand in units 3 urchase o- all itemC 3 Ordering cost &er orderH 3 F !Holding cost &er unit &er year"5 3 Order 9uantity in unitsF 3 Annual holding cost as a -ractiono- unit cost5 3 4conomic Order 5uantitym 3 num$ers o- order during year* 3 Order inter6al/ 3 reorder &oint

*C!5" 3 *otal cost o- 4O5 &er year; 3 ;ead *ime


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4O5 Formula


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Assum&tions

*he demand rate is known) constant andcontinuous

*he lead time is known and constant*he entire lot si


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(a-ety (tock

ersediaan minimal yang harus adauntuk men#amin kelancaran &roses&roduksi aki$at adanya kemungkinankekurangan &ersediaan.

Out o- stock da&at ter#adi karena:+.enggunaan $ahan dasar di dalam&roses &roduksi yang le$ih $esar dari&ada yang di&erkirakan se$elumnya,.esanan?&em$elian $ahan dasar tidak

da&at datang te&at &ada waktunya!atau lead time tidak ter&enuhi?tidakte&at"


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8eorder oint

*itik &emesanan kem$ali) yaitu saatkondisi $arang &ersediaan ada $era&aunit kita harus melakukan &emesanankem$ali) mengingat adanya ke$utuhan

untuk @(a-ety (tock dan ke$utuhanselama waktu menunggu @;ead *ime


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/ackordering

Bumlah se$agian &esanan dari &em$eliyang tidak da&at di&enuhi &en#ualsesuai dengan waktu yang dimintaoleh &em$eli. Dengan kata lain sisa&esanan $arang dari &em$eli yangdikirim kemudian setelah tanggal yangditentukan $erdasarkan &ersetu#uan&ihak &em$eli.


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/ackordering Formula

B 3 maksimum $ackordering9uantity in units

1 3 /ackordering cost &erunit &er year

= 3 num$er o- o&eratingdays &er year


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Contoh (oal:

*he williams manu-acturing com&any&urchase unit o- a &roduct eachyear at cost o- E+. *he order cost isE0?order and the holding cost &erunit &er year is E0.

7hat are the 4conomic order9uantity) the total annual cost) thenum$ers o- orders to &lace in + yearand the reorder &oint when the leadtime is , weeks

7hat ha&&ens to the economic order9uantity i- $ackordering is &ossi$leand the stock out cost &er unit &eryear is E+


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5uantity Discount

It is a common &ractise -or su&&lier too--er lower unit &rices on orders -orlarger 9uantities as an economic order

incenti6es to $uyers to &urchase inlarger lot si


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5uantity Discount

Contoh (oal :

*he (mith Com&any &urchases units o- a &roduct each year. *hesu&&liers o--ers the units -or sale at E+

&er unit -or order u& to units and atE &er units -or order o- units ormore.

7hat is the economic order 9uantity i-the order cost is E0 &er order and theholding cost is 0 o- &er unit cost &eryear


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5uantity Discount Incremental

Formula :


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5uantity Discount Incremental

Contoh (oal :*he annual demand -or an item is2 units. *he ordering cost is E2&er order) and the annual holding cost-raction is ),. 7hat is o&timum lot

si


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(oal

+. (u&&ose the JKL com&any) which hasan annual demand o- +,. units &eryear) order cost o- E,) and annualholding cost &er unit o- E))$ackorder cost estimated as E &er unit&er year.

a. Determine the 4O5$. Determine the ma'imum num$er o-

$ackordersc. Determine the total in6entory cost &er

year


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(oal

,. A &o&ular item stocked $y the Fair DealDe&artment (tore has an annualdemand o- units. *he cost to&urchase this units -rom the su&&liers isE, &er unit and E+, to &re&are the&urchase order. *he annual in6entory

holding cost is , to &urchase cost.a. Calculate the 4O5$. Calculate the reorder &oint


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A/C Classi-ication o- In6entoryItems

, - C


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In6entory Items ;isted inDescending Order o- Dollar

Volume .onthly Percent o/ 0nit cost Sales Dollar Dollar Percent o/Inventory Item 1"2 1units2 3olume 1"2 3olume S40s Class

Computers 5!!! *! #*!)!!! ' &! ,

6ntertainment center &*!! 5! '*)!!!

Television sets !! 7! &)!!!Re/rigerators #!!! #* #*)!!! #7 5! -.onitors &!! *! #!)!!!

Stereos #*! 7! %)!!!

Cameras &!! ! ()!!!So/tware *! #!! *)!!! #! *! CComputer dis8s * #!!! *)!!!CDs &! &!! )!!!

Totals 5!*)!!! #!! #!!


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(ingle eriod In6entory Model=ews6endor ro$lem 4'am&le

D 3 news&a&ers demanded&!D" 3 &ro$a$ility o- demand5 3 news&a&ers stocked 3 selling &rice o- news&a&er) E+

C 3 cost o- news&a&er) E2( 3 sal6age 6alue o- news&a&er) E,Cu 3 unit contri$ution: %C 3 ECo 3 unit loss: C%( 3 E,


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(ingle eriod In6entory Model4'&ected Value Analysis

Stoc8 9p1D2 D 7 ' ( % #!

:!&( & & ! ;& ;:!** 5 #& #! ( 7 :!(5 &! #( #7 # #&:### * &( &7 & && &!:#5% 7 57 5 5& 5! &(:#7' ' 57 & ! 5( 57:#5% ( 57 & ( 7 :### % 57 & ( * *&:!(5 #! 57 & ( * 7!

:!** ## 57 & ( * 7!:!&( #& 57 & ( * 7!

6pected Pro/it "5#:* "5:5 "5*:'' "5*:%% "5*:55


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(ingle eriod In6entory ModelIncremental Analysis

4 !re6enue on last sale" 4 !loss on last sale"

! re6enue" !unit re6enue" !loss" !unit loss"

ou CQDPCQDP )()(


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Critical -ractile -or thenews6endor &ro$lem

P(D


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*erima 1asih

Chapt 16 Kel Marsha

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