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The use of a compass as a visual stimulus was planned in 11 patients.The patients were asked to mark the scale according to their level of pain, before and after each treatment throughout the course.

Lap, Yip Yu, dkk. 1988. Effects of Pulsed Magnetic Field Therapy (PEMF) in the Treatment of Chronic Pain- A Piot Study. Pok Oi

Hospital

Patients were instructed to rate their pain twice daily using a 5-point scale.

McLean, Michael. 2001. Static magnetic Fields for the Treatment of the Treatment of Pain.

The mechanism(s) by which magnets might relieve pain have not been conclusively identified orproven.

Aktif

1. using the list of patient needs prepares in the assessment phase, the nurse develops outcomes for each of thepatient's nursing diagnoses. Lipe, Saundra K. 2004. Critical Thinking in Nursing: A Cognitive Skills

Worknook. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

2. The nurse needs to know what patient care is required in order to delegate these tasks3. nursing interventions classification (NIC) 7650 provides standardized nursing activities to use in the

delegation of tasks

4. The physical and technical difficulties involved in the work of nursing staff often lead to theoccurrence of problems, the reasons for which are not easy to identify and clarify, and even moredifficult to articulate.

5. the observer would count the number of activities that involved the nurse assistinganother nurse with his or her work

6. Intensification of work, changes in scheduling and organization of the workplace, rising demands onemployees as well as new technologies lead to situations characterized by additional pressure and stress.

7. New medication administration systems are showing promise in improving patient safety at the point ofcare, but adoption of these systems requires significant changes in nursing workflow.

8. the lack of sufficient time to administer medications might encourage nurses to bypass the bar codescanning step and greatly diminish the intended impact of this technology on patient safety

9. we decided to perform a baseline assessment of nursing workflow to inform the development of our eMARsystem.

10. Work sampling involves the intermittent recording of nursing activities by an independent observer.11. Urden and Roode3 used work sampling methodology to determine the amount of time that nurses and nurse

extenders spent on documentation and direct and indirect patient care activities before the implementation

of computerized documentation.

12. the nurses often recorded their activities at infrequent intervals as opposed to real time, giving aninconsistent reflection of actual time spent on each individual activity.

13. Three masters-prepared clinical experts functioning as educators and 1 doctoral-prepared nurse educatorwho were experienced in orienting newly licensed nurses contributed to the development of the time-

motion observation instrument.

14. During observation sessions, when the nurse initiated an activity, the observer clicked on the StartObservation button to record the activity start time in the database

15. the nurse was watching a patient take an oral medication while concurrently talking with patients familymembers, the observepatients taking oral medications would be recorded until the patient finished

taking the medications.Pasif

1. a correctly formulated nursing care plan facilities the coordination and continuity of care for the client2. Magnetic insoles (Nikken Magsteps) were employed to test efficacy against medication-resistant

neuropathic pain in 10 patients with diabetes and 9 patients with other neuropathic disorders.

3. Data were collected during their working hours by completing the questionnaires of the American

Pain Society Scale, according to which pain levels are measured in individuals.4. Data from direct examination of nurse observers and users field notes/critiques were used to develop the

final task list for the instrument and confirm assignment to categories.

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5. The study design was based on time-motion studies performed on physicians at the Regenstrief Institute forHealth Care7 and at Partners Healthcare

6. a new activity would be started and assigned communicating with patients andfamilies.7. Observers judged whether a medication was being administered in his or her absence based on a visual

evaluation or conversation with the nurse before entry into thepatients room.

8. the distribution of time variuos clinical settings has been examined by us9. Obtaining the medications required a search in one of several designated storage areas on the units,

automated dispensing cabinets, medication carts, or the refrigerators.

10. a multitude of activities that provide direct contact with a patient, such as bathing, dressings, performingpatient care assessments, and others have been involved by Physical care of patients

11. any recording of patient care on flow sheets, medical records, or any other forms have been included inPaper-based documentation

12. Medications are often given in a continuous fashion in the ICU setting, and the time-motion instrumentmay not adequately account for nurse time when medications are continuously infused.

13. all steps in the required process for administering the prescribed drug to the patient, including reviewingmedications with the patients, preparing oral and intravenous medications, obtaining liquids for the patient

to take with the medications, flushing intravenous lines, and observing the patient take the medications

have been involved at Medication delivery

14. the providers orders matched or not will be confirmed by nurse Once the drug was located or receivedfrom the pharmacy

15. the task that was obtaining and verifying the medications most of the time is occupied by nurse

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