PENDAHULUAN

Masalah paling umum: Aortic Aneurism Dua Tipe utama : Thoracic Aortic Aneurysms (TAA)

terjadi di bagian atas aorta yang melalui rongga dada (belakang jantung). TAA terjadi pada 1 dari 4 aortic aneurysms.

Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms (AAA) terjadi di bagian bawah aorta yang melalui abdomen, just below where the kidney (renal) arteries branch off. AAAs terjadi 3 dari 4 aortic aneurysms

FAKTOR RESIKO Lebih sering pada laki-laki 5 -10 kali Pada wanita usia 45-54, kurang dari 1 dari 1000 memiliki

AAA sementara pada laki-laki 1 :100 . Pada uisa 75 -84, 5% terjadi pada wanita, 13% pada

laki-laki High blood pressure, High cholesterol, Smoker Smoking is one of the strongest risk factors for

aortic aneurysms because it directly damages the arteries and contributes to other conditions like atherosclerosis and high blood pressure. Women and men who smoke are 5 times more likely than nonsmokers to have an aortic aneurysm, and as many as 3 in 4 people with large AAAs are current or former smokers.4

Penyakit yang berkaitan dengan atheroschlerosis: coronary artery disease / carotid artery disease / stroke /peripheral artery disease

Genetic 1 diantara 4 pasien AAA

ETIOLOGI

TANDA DAN GEJALA

Symptoms TAA Nyeri dada yang dalam Back pain Batuk atau SOB (shortness of breath) Serak, Susah atau sakit pada waktu menelan Symptoms AAA Abdominal pain or discomfort; can be constant or come and

go Pain in the chest, abdomen, lower back, or flank that can

spread to the buttocks, groin, or legs; lasts for hours or days A pulsating feeling in the abdomen Feeling of fullness after minimal food intake Fever or weight loss Discoloration, or sores on the toes or feet because of a

plaque or a blood clot that has broken off from the aneurysm and become lodged in a blood vessel (jarang)

TANDA DAN GEJALA

Diameter (Ф)normal aorta adalah: 1,8-2,5 cm Jika terjadi Aneurisme bisa mencapai 5-7,5

cm Resiko pecah/ruptur Jika ruptur Internal bleeding Tanda : Sudden severe chest or upper back pain,

often described as a tearing or ripping sensation

Feeling dizzy or lightheaded or passing out Weakness or trouble standing up Confusion, anxiety, loss of alertness

DIAGNOSIS

Abdominal ultrasound Echocardiogram CT Scan/CT Angiogram MRI Contrast Angiogram

TREATMENT

Jika Ф aneurisme (4,5 cm pada dan 5 cm pada imaging test tiap 6 – 12 bulan

Healthy life style Kontrol Tekanan Darah Berhenti merokok Jika Ф lebih dari 4,5 aneurism

repair

TREATMENT

Surgical Aneurysm Repair

Endovascular Aneurysm Repair

A: Surgical ("open") aneurysm repair. B: Endovascular aneurysm repair.Reprinted with permission from JAMA 302(18):2019. Copyright © 2009 American Medical Association. All

rights reserved.

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PROGNOSIS SETELAH OPERASI Tiap tahun menjadi tretament yang lebih

aman untuk cegah kematian Pada study 8,663 pasien (17% wanita)

menjalani non-emergency AAA repairs (surgical or endovascular), 69% survive selama 5 tahun. Resiko komplikasi lebih tinggi pada saat setelah operasi: 90% of those who survive the first few months live for at least 5 years.

PENCEGAHAN PENYAKIT

Healthy heart diet low in saturated fat and cho lesterol

Regular exercise min 30 menit/hari selama minimal 5 minggu

Stop Smoking Maintain a healthy weight, and lose

weight if overweight or obese