PUBLIC NOTICE TOWN OF LAKE PARK
Virtual Historic Preservation Board Meeting Immediately Following will be the Planning & Zoning Board Meeting
Monday, July 6, 2020 6:30 P.M. Via Zoom
PURSUANT TO THE AUTHORITY CONTAINED GOVERNOR DESANTIS’ EXECUTIVE ORDER NUMBER 20-69, THE TOWN OF LAKE PARK TOWN COMMISSION WILL BE UTILIZING COMMUNICATION MEDIA TECHNOLOGY AS PROVIDED IN SECTION 120.54(5)(b)2. FLORIDA STATUTE. THE HISTORIC PRESERVATION BOARD MEETING IMMEDIATELY FOLLOWING WILL BE THE PLANNING & ZONING BOARD OF THE TOWN OF LAKE PARK, FLORIDA WILL CONDUCT AN ELECTRONIC HISTORIC PRESERVATION BOARD MEETING AND PLANNING & ZONING BOARD MEETING UTILIZING COMMUNICATION MEDIA TECHNOLOGY DUE TO GOVERNOR DESANTIS’ EXECUTIVE ORDER 20-69 ON MONDAY, JULY 6, 2020 AT 6:30 P.M. COMMUNICATION MEDIA TECHNOLOGY WILL BE USED TO BE TRANSPARENT TO THE PUBLIC. A QUORUM OF THE HISTORIC PRESERVATION AND PLANNING & ZONING BOARD OF THE TOWN OF LAKE PARK, FLORIDA AND PUBLIC PARTICIPATION WILL OCCUR USING COMMUNICATION MEDIA TECHNOLOGY. Members of the public that wish to view the meeting may do so by joining Zoom from your computer, tablet or smartphone via:
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Public comment must be submitted 24-hour in advance of the meeting to the Town Clerk at [email protected] or Community Development Department at [email protected]. (A) On March 20, 2020, Governor Ron DeSantis issued Executive Order 20-69, “Emergency Management – COVID-19 Local Government Public Meetings” , and (B) Pursuant to Executive Order 20-69, the physical quorum and location requirements for public meetings are suspended, and the Town of Lake Park is authorized to hold public meetings Section 120.54(5)(b)2, Florida Statute (see below). (C) The Town of Lake Park, Florida has implemented protocol for public meetings utilizing Communication Media Technology sited above. The public may access the meeting by the methods prescribed above. For additional information, please contact the Town Clerk at 561-881-3311. In accordance with the Americans with Disabilities Act (“ADA”), persons with disabilities requiring accommodations in order to participate in this public meeting should contact the Town Clerk’s Office at (561) 881-3311 no later than three (3) business days prior to such meeting.
___________________________ Vivian Mendez, MMC
Town Clerk Anyone wishing to appeal any decision made by the Planning & Zoning Board with respect to any matter considered at such meeting or hearing will need a record of the proceedings and, for such purpose, may need to ensure that a verbatim record of the proceeding is made, which record includes the testimony and evidence upon which the appeal is to be based. One or more Town Commissioners and/or Board members may be participating in this meeting. Posted: June 25, 2020 120.54(5)(b)2, Florida Statute. 2. Uniform rules for use by each state agency that provide procedures for conducting public meetings, hearings, and workshops, and for taking evidence, testimony, and argument at such public meetings, hearings, and workshops, in person and by means of communications media technology. The rules shall provide that all evidence, testimony, and argument presented shall be afforded equal consideration, regardless of the method of communication. If a public meeting, hearing, or workshop is to be conducted by means of communications media technology, or if attendance may be provided by such means, the notice shall so state. The notice for public meetings, hearings, and workshops utilizing communications media
technology shall state how persons interested in attending may do so and shall name locations, if any, where communications media technology facilities will be available. Nothing in this paragraph shall be construed to diminish the right to inspect public records under chapter 119. Limiting points of access to public meetings, hearings, and workshops subject to the provisions of s. 286.011 to places not normally open to the public shall be presumed to violate the right of access of the public, and any official action taken under such circumstances is void and of no effect. Other laws relating to public meetings, hearings, and workshops, including penal and remedial provisions, shall apply to public meetings, hearings, and workshops conducted by means of communications media technology, and shall be liberally construed in their application to such public meetings, hearings, and workshops. As used in this subparagraph, “communications media technology” means the electronic transmission of printed matter, audio, full-motion video, freeze-frame video, compressed video, and digital video by any method available.
Town of Lake Park PUBLIC CoMMenT SheeT
MeeTInG DaTe: MonDaY, JULY 6, 2020 VIrTUaL hISTorIC PreSerVaTIon anD PLannInG & ZonInG BoarD MeeTInG
6:30 P.M.
Instructions: Please complete this sheet, including your name and address; once the sheet has been completed, please mail, place in the Dropbox outside of Town Hall, or email it to the Town Clerk at [email protected]. The comments will be read into the record during the public comment portion of the meeting.
Sheets must be received 24-hours in advance of the meeting.
Speakers are given 3 minutes
Name:_________________________________________________________________________ Address:_______________________________________________________________________ If you are interested in receiving Town information through Email, please provide your E-mail address: _____________________________________________________ I would like to make comments on the following: ________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
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TOWN OF LAKE PARK
PLANNING & ZONING BOARD
VIRTUAL
MEETING AGENDA
JULY 6, 2020
UPON THE ADJOURNMENT OF THE HISTORIC
PRESERVATION BOARD MEETING
535 PARK AVENUE
LAKE PARK, FLORIDA
PURSUANT TO THE AUTHORITY CONTAINED IN GOVERNOR DESANTIS’ EXECUTIVE ORDER
NUMBER 20-69, THE TOWN OF LAKE PARK PLANNING AND ZONING BOARD WILL BE UTILIZING
COMMUNICATION MEDIA TECHNOLOGY AS PROVIDED IN SECTION 120.54(5)(b)2. FLORIDA
STATUTE
PLEASE TAKE NOTICE AND BE ADVISED: If any interested person desires to appeal any
decision of the Planning & Zoning Board with respect to any matter considered at the Meeting,
such interested person will need a record of the proceedings, and for such purpose, may need to
ensure that a verbatim record of the proceedings is made, which record includes the testimony
and evidence upon which the appeal is to be based. Persons with disabilities requiring
accommodations in order to participate in the Meeting should contact the Town Clerk’s Office
by calling (561) 881-3311 at least 48 hours in advance to request accommodations.
CALL TO ORDER
PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE
ROLL CALL
Judith Thomas, Chair □
Charlemagne Metayer, Regular Member □
Joseph Rice, Regular Member □
Caleb Decius, Regular Member □
Jon Buechele, Alternate Member □
APPROVAL OF AGENDA
APPROVAL OF MINUTES
PLANNING & ZONING BOARD VIRTUAL MEETING; MAY 4, 2020
2
PUBLIC COMMENTS FOR NON-AGENDA ITEMS
Members of the public that wish to view the virtual meeting may do so by joining Zoom from
your computer, tablet or smartphone via:
https://us02web.zoom.us/j/86749869898?pwd=UDZidHdaaXE0Y1FXTWlrQzVxdzJwQT09
Meeting ID: 867 4986 9898
Password: 569770
Members of the public that wish to listen may dial in using your phone. United States +1 929
205 6099 US (New York)
Public comment for the Virtual Planning and Zoning Board Meeting must be submitted 24-hour
in advance of the meeting to the Town Clerk at [email protected] or Community
Development Department at [email protected].
ORDER OF BUSINESS
The normal order of business for Hearings on agenda items is as follows:
Staff presentation
Applicant presentation (when applicable)
Board Member questions of Staff and Applicant
Public Comments – 3 minute limit per speaker
Rebuttal or closing arguments for quasi-judicial items
Motion on floor
Vote of Board
NEW BUSINESS
PZ-20-04: STAFF INITIATED TEXT AMENDMENTS PROPOSING TO
INCORPORATE DISTILLERY, CRAFT DISTILLERY AND WINERY USES IN THE
COMMERCIAL-2 (C-2) AND PARK AVENUE DOWNTOWN DISTRICT (PADD)
ZONING DISTRICTS AS SPECIAL EXCEPTION AND CONDITIONAL USES,
RESPECTIVELY.
PZ-20-05: STAFF INITIATED TEXT AMENDMENTS PROPOSING TO
INCORPORATE A “SMALL SCALED FOOD AND BEVERAGE PRODUCTION” USE
IN THE COMMERCIAL-1 (C-1) ZONING DISTRICT AS A SPECIAL EXCEPTION
USE.
PROJECT UPDATES AND COMMENTS FROM THE COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT
DIRECTOR
PLANNING & ZONING BOARD MEMBER COMMENTS
Martin Schneider,Vice― Chair
Charlemagnc MctaycrCaleb Decius
Town of Lake Park,FloridaPlanning&Zoning BoardMeeting Minutes
May 4,20206:30p.In.Via Zoom
Present
Prcscnt
Present
CALL T0 0RDER
The mceting、 vas callcd to ordcr at 6:30 prn.
PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE
Vicc― Chair Mattin Schneider lead thc Pledge ofAllegiance
ROLL CALL
Also in attendance were Communtty Development Director Nadia DiTommaso,TowxlPlarncr Andcrs V摘 旺,Towrl Attomcy Thomas Baird,Assistant to he CommunityDevelopment Director Kiniberly Rowley,孤ld TOWn Clerk Vivian Mendez.
APPROVAL OF AGENDA
Motion: Board Member Ⅳ【etayer moved to APprOVe the agenda; Board MemberDecius seconded the 140tiOn.
Vote on Motion:
Board Mcmbcr Ayc Nay C)ther
Board Member Decius X
Board Member Metayer X
Vicc―Chttr Schncider X
Ⅲliotion passed 3-0
APPROVAL OF MINUTES
● Pl孤uing&Zoning Board Ⅲlleeting ininutes ofMarch 2,2020.
Motion:Board Member Metayer moved to approve the Planning&Zoning BoardMeeting lninutes of March 2,2020;Board Member]Decius seconded the lnotiona
Vote on Motion:
Board WIettlber Aye Nav Ohcr
Plallning&Zoning Board Meeting Ⅲfinutes
May 4,20201
Board Ⅲ【clmbcr Dccius X
Board W【 cmbcr Metaycr X
Vice―Chttr Scheider X
ⅢIotion passcd 3-0
Public ColllEnent
Vice―Chair Schncidcr explained the Pubhc Corxment procedurc for this lneeting
ORDER OF BUSINESS
The nO上二1■al order ofbusiness for Hcarings on agenda itcms are as follows
o Staffpresentation
o Applicant presentation(when applicable)
● Board Member qucstions ofstaffand apphcant
・ Pubhc Conllnents― liHited to 3 41inutes pcr speaker
● Rebuttal or closing arguments for quasl―Judicial items● Motion on a。。r
● Votc ofBoard
NEW BUSINESS― SITE PLAN APPLICATIONS:
1. PZ‐ 20‐03: Coston Marine Sewices, Inc. Site Plan Application for a one‐ story
structure with 3,357 SF of offlce sPace and 3,283 SF of maintenance sPace for a total
building area of 6,640 SFo Site is located between 15th Street and 14th Street on the
south side ofヽVater Tower Road in Lake Park,FL.
Town Plamier Anders Vianc cxplained the item(scc Exhibit“ A'').TOWll Plamlcr Viane
rcviewed he hrcc(3)non― Standard pc.1..拍 ed uses as follows:
14.The applicant shan subnit an apphcation to replat the sitc or estabhsh a unity of titlc
prior to co■1lnencing consttuction.
15.Pllrsuant to Scction 78-75(2)(e),aCCCSsory uses including hc outdoor storage of any
孤tiCIC or matettal shall bc screened by omamental walls and fences.¨ ratcdals shall not
be stackcd or stored so as to cxcced the height of hc screen and plans shall be rcviscd
prior to hc issuancc of a development pellllit to include an ornarncntal fence matcrial
instcad ofchttn link fabric.
16.Equipmcnt,vehicles or any typc of storage items hat are visible from any Дこght― of―
Way or attacCnt property are pЮ hibitcd from being located in hc accessory storage yard.
This includes any vchiclcs such as crancs, excavators or oher machinery havingmoveable appCndagcs.
Mr.Hchard Ahrcns and sta∬ preseHcd to the Board(see Exhibit“ B")。 Mr.Ahrens statcd
Plaming&Zoning Board WIeeting Minutes
Ⅲ[ay 4,20202
for he record that item 14 was providcd as part ofthcir sub■ ittal.He stated thatthey had
nO OttectiOn to any ofthe conditions,Mro Ahrcns thanked he Board.
Board Mcmbcrヽ lctayer askcd why they did not pursue thc previous site plan.Mr.Ahcns
cxplaincd thatthe previous site plan could not be funded.
Board Member Decius asked about thc secllrity cameras,Mr.Ahrcns explaincd hat
security camcras would bc placed around he front and rear cntranceway ofthe property.
Vice―Chttr Schcider askcd if hey would havc enough parking。 lMr.Ahrens explained
hat the business does not havc rctail hereforei they、 vould not havc customers parking
on thc property.IIe stated that they havc six to tcn cmployces and、 vould have adequatc
parking.Vicc― Chair Schncidcr askcd if the rectangle on heユ oor plan that was listed as
storagc was included in the overall offlcc squarc footage or if it was pullcd out. ⅢIr.
Ahrens statcd lhat it was included in the ovcrall offlcc square footage.Vice― Chttr
Schneider asked if it could plcasc bc made clearer that it was includcd as part of the
overall offlcc squarc footage, 1■ e asked Towll Planncr Vianc to include in the inal plan.
Town Plamler Vittle stated,“ will do'1
Pubhc Co■1lnent opcn:
Nonc
Pubhc Corruncnt closcd:
Motion:]Board Member Metayer moved to approve the site plan application with
conditions;Board Member Decius seconded the Hnotion.
Votc on Motion:
Board Mcmbcr Aye Nay OhcrBoard Mel■ber Decius X
Board Membcr Ⅲlletayer X
Vice―Ch五r Schncider X
Motion passed 3-0
Vice―Chair Schncidcr thankcd the Ahrens Company for thcir prcsentation.Mr.Ahrens
statcd that have been plcascd with having their headquarters in thc Town ofLakc Park.
He asked evcryonc to stay safe.The Board thanked Ahrens Company and wished ttlem
well.
Community Development Director CommentsCommunity Development Director DiTommaso updated the Board witt hc following
amounccments.She explained hat thc Nautilus 21l ptteCt Were working on somcconditions of approval and will be subnitting for pe...工 tting wlthin the next few monhs.
Shc stated hat thcy wcrc plcascd that the cllrent pandemic has not altered heir plans to
date.
She
busincss hours are l:00p.rn。 -7:00p.rn. She stated that wc are plcascd hat they are
finally opcn.
Plaming&Zoning Board Meeting MinutcsMay 4,2020
3
She ainounced hat 754 Park Avcnue were moving forward by、 vorking wlth Seacoast
Utility bcfore hey could continue witt construction and inal pe三 二二lit to complett he
building.Vice― Ch五r Sclmeidcr asked if hat was he Brewerノ OffiCc Building.
Community Dcvclopment Dircctor DiTommaso stated``yes''.
Planning&Zoning Board Member CoH11■ ents
No corrlinents.
Vicc―Chair Schneider aFttiounCCd hat thc next Plセ u■ing&Zoning Board Meeting、 vas
schedulcd for June l,2020 at 6:30 prn.He hankcd evcryone for attending.
ADJOURNMENT
Thcrc being no角五her business to comc before he Plと■■ling&Zoning Board and bylinanimous votc,the meeting attoumed at 7:18p.m.
Chttr
Towll of Lake Park Planning&Zoning Board
Towll Clerk,Vivian Mendez
Town Seal
Approved on his Of
Plaming&Zoning Board Meeting MinutesMay 49 2020
2020
4
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Town of Lake Park Community Development Department
TOWN OF LAKE PARK PLANNING AND ZONING BAORD
Meeting Date: JULY 6, 2020 – 6:30pm (or as soon thereafter as can be heard)
STAFF REPORT AGENDA ITEM: Staff-initiated text amendments proposing to incorporate distillery, craft distillery and
winery uses in the Commercial-2(C-2) and Park Avenue Downtown District (PADD) Zoning Districts
as special exception and conditional uses, respectively.
From: Anders Viane, Planner Date: 6/30/2020 Background Summary In order to diversify the Town’s base of alcohol manufacturing businesses, Town staff is bringing forward amendments to Chapter 78, Article III, Section 78-72 (C-2 Commercial District) and Section 78-70 (Park Avenue Downtown District) to create new special exception and conditional uses for wineries, distilleries, and craft distilleries. Based on requests received from applicants, it seems these additional alcohol manufacturing businesses (with retail component for some of the definitions) gravitate toward districts that already permit brewery-type uses based on their compatibility and clientele that is typically drawn to these districts. Locating in proximity to one-another also serves an additional economic stimulus to the area. Florida State Statute along with codes on the west coast of Florida (which appeared to be more advanced with these uses), were researched. Final legal review is still required and changes may be made prior to the proposal being presented to the Town Commission. The provisions provided in RED below represent the NEW Town Code language proposed by Staff (all additional provisions are already in existence in the Town Code and are merely provided as added reference for clarity). Town Code Section 78-2 - Definitions Distilleries shall be defined as the following: “A distillery shall mean any manufacturer of distilled spirits with 100 percent of its total gross floor space dedicated to manufacturing and related processes. A public viewing area opened certain hours at least five days per week shall be incorporated in the operation in order to render the use as an "attraction." This use acts as a main supplier of distilled alcohol within a surrounding 'fixed' geographical area as identified in the business plan. Distilleries may only be located within the boundaries of the Town's community redevelopment area.” Craft Distilleries shall be defined as the following: “A craft distillery shall be differentiated from a distillery by production limitations and an on-site sales component. A craft distillery may sell to customers at its souvenir gift shop branded products distilled on its premises in factory-sealed containers for off-premises consumption. Such sales are authorized only on private property contiguous to the licensed distillery premises as identified on the distillery site plan at the time of its special exception or conditional use application.” Wineries shall be defined as the following: “A winery shall mean an establishment that manufactures and sells wine products (wineries, meaderies, and cideries) in conjunction with an accessory use such as a restaurant, tasting room, or other retail sales. Wineries may only be located within the boundaries of the Town's community redevelopment area. In addition to meeting the land development regulations for the use of restaurant, tasting room, or retail use types in the appropriate zoning district.” Staff believes these uses are substantially similar in operation and function to existing special exception uses in the C-2 zoning district and conditional uses in the PADD zoning district (such as microbreweries, brewpubs, and breweries) and will serve to compliment existing microbrewery uses like Coastal Karma and
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Kelsey City Brewing (along with the future NOBO Brewery) by offering new, distinct product types not produced by these existing businesses. The addition of these new uses would serve to help further solidify Lake Park’s niche as a Town friendly to craft alcohol manufacturing and small business. These uses would also facilitate the growth of a small alcoholic beverage manufacturing sector within the Town, marking it as a destination of interest for both craft beverage enthusiasts as well as other manufacturers looking to take advantage of the existing customer bases of established brands. In the near term, amidst heightened demand caused by the COVID-19 virus, legalizing distillery uses would have the added benefit of allowing distillers to produce sanitizing alcohol, which is derived from processes that can be legally conducted by a distiller under state law. For all of these reasons (and possibly more) staff believes that creating new provisions for distilleries, craft distilleries, and wineries is consistent with the principles of good economic planning and recommends approval for the proposed text amendments. Proposal In both the C-2 and PADD Districts (Highlighted in Figure 1), the proposed new uses, their definitions, and performance standards would be identical with the only alterations being specific to the formatting of each district. In the C-2 District the distilleries, craft distilleries, and wineries would be permitted by special exception. In the Park Avenue Downtown District, the distilleries, craft distilleries, and wineries would be permitted by conditional use approval. In both districts, the performance standards and definitions would be the same. These new uses would span across several future land use classifications including Commercial, Commercial and Light Industrial, and Downtown (See figure 2). Staff believes the proposed uses are in line with the intent of these future land use designations.
Figure 1
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Figure 2
C-2 District Language
r. Distillery. A distillery shall mean any manufacturer of distilled spirits with 100 percent of its total gross floor space dedicated to manufacturing and related processes. A public viewing area opened certain hours at least five days per week shall be incorporated in the operation in order to render the use as an "attraction." This use acts as a main supplier of distilled alcohol within a surrounding 'fixed' geographical area as identified in the business plan. Distilleries may only be located within the boundaries of the Town's community redevelopment area. Distilleries shall be subject to the following:
1. All mechanical equipment visible from the street (excluding alleys), an adjacent residential use or residential zoning district shall be screened using architectural features consistent with the principal structure;
2. Access and loading bays shall not face toward any street, excluding alleys;
3. Access and loading bays facing an adjacent residential use or residential zoning district, shall have the doors closed at all times, except during the movement of raw materials, other supplies and finished products into and out of the building;
4. Service trucks for the purpose of loading and unloading materials and equipment shall be restricted to between the hours of 8:00 a.m. and 8:00 p.m. Monday through Saturday and between 11:00 a.m. and 7:00 p.m. on Sundays and national holidays;
5. No outdoor storage shall be allowed. This prohibition includes the use of portable storage units, cargo containers and tractor trailers.
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Craft Distillery. A craft distillery shall be differentiated from a distillery by production limitations and an on-site sales component. A craft may sell to customers at its souvenir gift shop branded products distilled on its premises in factory-sealed containers for off-premises consumption. Such sales are authorized only on private property contiguous to the licensed distillery premises as identified on the distillery site plan at the time of its conditional use application.
Distilleries may only be located within the boundaries of the Town's community redevelopment area. In addition to meeting the land development regulations for retail use, a distillery shall comply with the following:
1. A craft distillery shall mean a licensed distillery that produces 75,000 or fewer gallons per calendar year of distilled spirits on its premises that has notified the State in writing of its decision to qualify as a craft distillery.
2. All mechanical equipment visible from the street (excluding alleys), an adjacent residential use or residential zoning district shall be screened using architectural features consistent with the principal structure;
3. Access and loading bays shall not face toward any street, excluding alleys;
4. Access and loading bays facing an adjacent residential use or residential zoning district, shall have the doors closed at all times, except during the movement of raw materials, other supplies and finished products into and out of the building;
5. Service trucks for the purpose of loading and unloading materials and equipment shall be restricted to between the hours of 8:00 a.m. and 8:00 p.m. Monday through Saturday and between 11:00 a.m. and 7:00 p.m. on Sundays and national holidays;
6. No outdoor storage shall be allowed. This prohibition includes the use of portable storage units, cargo containers and tractor trailers.
7. A craft distillery shall not sell any factory-sealed individual containers of spirits except in face-to-face sales transactions with consumers who are making a purchase of no more than six individual containers of each branded product.
8. Each container sold in face-to-face transactions with consumers must comply with the container limits in s. 565.10, which specify containers shall not be in excess of 1.75 liters or 59.18 ounces.
s. Wineries. A winery shall mean an establishment that manufactures and sells wine products (wineries, meaderies, and cideries) in conjunction with an accessory use such as a restaurant, tasting room, or other retail sales. Wineries may only be located within the boundaries of the Town's community redevelopment area. In addition to meeting the land development regulations for the use of restaurant, tasting room, or retail use types in the appropriate zoning district, a winery shall comply with the following:
1. The facility shall produce no more 100,000 U.S. gallons of wine per year. 2. This use shall be permitted only in conjunction with the use of restaurant, tasting room or
other retail sales and service:
(a) No more than 75 percent of the total gross floor space of the establishment shall be used to produce wines and other spirits including, but not limited to, the production house, boiling and water treatment areas, bottling lines, milling and storage, tank areas;
(b) The façade of an interior accessory use(s) (examples listed hereinabove) shall be oriented toward the street, and, if located in a shopping center, to spaces of public access;
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(c) Pedestrian connections shall be provided between public sidewalks and the primary entrance(s) to any accessory use(s).
(d) The tasting room or restaurant use shall be contiguous to the winery use.
3. All mechanical equipment visible from the street, or public right-of-way, an adjacent residential use or residential zoning district shall be screened using architectural features consistent with the principal structure;
4. Access and loading bays shall not be located along primary facades.
5. Access and loading bays facing any street, adjacent residential use or residential zoning district, shall have the doors closed at all times, except during the movement of raw materials used for production, and finished products into and out of the building;
6. Service trucks for the purpose of loading and unloading materials and equipment are prohibited between the hours of 8:00 a.m. and 8:00 p.m. Monday through Saturday and between 11:00 a.m. and 7:00 p.m. on Sundays and national holidays;
7. No outdoor storage of portable storage units, cargo containers, or permanent parking of tractor trailers, is permitted except spent or used grain may be stored outdoors for more than 24 hours consecutively. The temporary storage shall be:
(a) Designated on the approved plan that identifies the outdoor areas;
(b) Permitted within the interior side or rear yard or within the minimum building setbacks;
(c) Prohibited within any yard directly abutting a residential use or a residential zoning district;
(d) Fully enclosed within a suitable container, secured and screened behind a solid, opaque fence or wall measuring a minimum five feet in height.
PADD Language
IV. RETAIL AND COMMERCIAL Antique Shop P P P
Apparel Store, Women's, Men's and Children's P P P Art Gallery, including Artist's Studio P P P
Arts and Crafts Shop P P P Automobile, Motorcycle, Truck, Recreational Vehicle, Mobile Home, and Boat
Body and Paint Shop X X X
Automobile, Motorcycle, Truck, Recreational Vehicle, Mobile Home, and Boat Repair Shop X X X
Automobile, Motorcycle, Truck, Recreational Vehicle, Mobile Home, and Boat Sales and Rental X X X
Automobile Gasoline Service Station X X X Bars and Lounges X X X
Beauty Supply Shop P P P Bicycle Sales and Rental P P P 11
Book Store, including New and Used Books P P P
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Business, Computer, and Electronic Machinery Sales and Service P P P Consignment Shop P AA AA Convenience Store X X X
Department Store, including Apparel, Housewares, Dry Goods, Notions, Jewelry, Home Furnishings, etc. P AA AA
Discount Sales Store X X X Distillery, Craft Distillery C C C 15
Drapery and Slipcover Shop, excluding workroom which exceeds 40% of total floor area P P P
Fabric, Sewing, and Knitting Supply Store P P P Florists, excluding Nurseries P P AA 12 Fruit and Vegetable Market P AA AA 13
Gift Shop, including Greeting Cards, Glassware, China, etc. P P P Grocery Store, General X X X
Grocery Store, Specialty X AA C 14 Hardware, Paint, and Garden Supply Store P P P
Hobby Shop P P P Jewelry Shop P P P
Laundry, Self-Service X X X Leather Goods and Luggage Shop P P P
Mail, Shipping and Packing Stores (Private) P P P Microbrewery
Brewery Brewpub
C C P
C C P
C C P
15
Music Store, including CDS, Tapes, and Records P P P Musical Instruments, including Music Lessons P P P
Newsstand P P P 16 Novelty Shop P P P
Office Supply Store P P P Pawnshop X X X
Pet Shop and Animal Grooming, excluding Animal Boarding P AA AA 17 Pharmacy/Drugstore P AA C
Photography Supplies and Film Developing, including Studio P P P Restaurant, Fast-Food X X X Restaurant, General P AA C 18
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Restaurant, Specialty P AA C 19 Restaurant, Takeout X X X
Retail, General P P P Sporting Goods Store, New and Used P P P
Storage, Indoor/Outdoor, as a principal use X X X Thrift/Used Merchandise/Junk Store X X X
Tobacco Shop P P P Toy Store P P P
Video Store P P P Warehouse and Warehouse Sales X X X
Wineries C C C 15 Wholesale and Wholesale Sales X X X
(15) Microbrewery, brewery and brewpub. Brewpubs, Microbreweries, Breweries, Wineries, Distilleries, Craft Distilleries and other producers of alcoholic beverages for sale and distribution. Local, independent breweries and the increased demand for small production facilities and mixed-use concepts emerged as a competitive market segment within the beer industry. The purpose of this section is to recognize the emergence of this specialized market segment and establish appropriate standards allowing for the typical range of activities, while mitigating any associated, undesirable impacts. Wineries, Distilleries, Craft Distilleries and other producers of alcoholic beverages also bring a unique element to mixed-use areas that encourage brewers.
a. Applicability and establishment of additional standard (15).
This section shall apply to brewery, microbrewery and brewpub uses. Breweries are generally divided into four distinct market segments: brewpub, microbrewery, regional (small) brewery and large brewery.
Wineries, distilleries, and craft distilleries are distinct in that their focus is on wines and other spirits and are regulated under subsections e. and f.
This section does not apply to temporary or special events authorizing similar uses and regulated by other sections of the Town Code.
Brewery, including regional (small) and large, microbrewery and brew pub uses shall be allowed as provided in Table 78-70-1 with additional standards identified herein. All other development standards must be met pursuant to the standards of the Park Avenue Downtown District and the Town Code as applicable.
b. Brewpub. In addition to the development standards relevant to other restaurant use types in
Table 78-70-1, for an establishment to meet the definition of a brewpub, it shall comply with the following:
1. Revenue from food sales shall constitute more than 50 percent of the total business revenues;
2. No more than 50 percent of the total gross floor area of the establishment shall be used for the brewery function including, but not limited to, the brewing house, boiling and water treatment areas, bottling and kegging lines, malt milling and storage, fermentation tanks, conditioning tanks and serving tanks;
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3. Where permitted by local ordinance, state and federal law, retail carryout sale of beer produced on the premises shall be allowed in specialty containers holding no more than a U.S. gallon (3,785 ml/128 US fluid ounces). These containers are commonly referred to as growlers;
4. Brewpubs shall produce no more than 15,000 barrels (465,000 US gallons/17,602.16 hectoliters) of beer per year and may sell beer in keg containers larger than a U.S. gallon (3,785 ml/128 US fluid ounces) for the following purposes and in the following amounts:
(a) An unlimited number of kegs for special events, the primary purpose of which is the exposition of beers brewed by brewpubs, which include the participation of at least three such brewers;
(b) An unlimited number of kegs for town co-sponsored events where the purpose of the event is not for commercial profit and where the beer is not wholesaled to the event co-sponsors but is instead, dispensed by employees of the brewpub.
5. All mechanical equipment visible from the street (excluding alleys), an adjacent residential use or residential zoning district shall be screened using architectural features consistent with the principal structure;
6. Access and loading bays shall not face toward any street, excluding alleys;
7. Access and loading bays facing an adjacent residential use or residential zoning district, shall have the doors closed at all times, except during the movement of raw materials, other supplies and finished products into and out of the building;
8. Service trucks for the purpose of loading and unloading materials and equipment shall be restricted to between the hours of 8:00 a.m. and 8:00 p.m. Monday through Saturday and between 11:00 a.m. and 7:00 p.m. on Sundays and national holidays;
9. No outdoor storage shall be allowed. This prohibition includes the use of portable storage units, cargo containers and tractor trailers.
c. Microbrewery. In addition to the development standards relevant to restaurant or retail use types in Table 78-70-1, as applicable, for an establishment to meets the definition of a microbrewery, it shall comply with the following:
1. The microbrewery shall produce no more than 15,000 barrels (465,000 US gallons/17,602.16 hectoliters) of beer per year;
2. This use shall be permitted only in conjunction with a restaurant, tasting room or retail sales and service:
(a) No more than 75 percent of the total gross floor space of the establishment shall be used for the brewery function including, but not limited to, the brewing house, boiling and water treatment areas, bottling and kegging lines, malt milling and storage, fermentation tanks, conditioning tanks and serving tanks;
(b) The façade of an interior accessory use(s) shall be oriented toward the street, excluding alleys, and, if located in a shopping center, to the common space where the public can access the use;
(c) Pedestrian connections shall be provided between the public sidewalks and the primary entrance(s) to any accessory use(s).
3. All mechanical equipment visible from the street (excluding alleys), an adjacent residential use or residential zoning district shall be screened using architectural features consistent with the principal structure;
4. Access and loading bays are discouraged from facing toward any street, excluding alleys;
5. Access and loading bays facing any street, adjacent residential use or residential zoning district, shall have the doors closed at all times, except during the movement of raw materials, other supplies and finished products into and out of the building;
9
6. Service trucks for the purpose of loading and unloading materials and equipment shall be restricted to between the hours of 8:00 a.m. and 8:00 p.m. Monday through Saturday and between 11:00 a.m. and 7:00 p.m. on Sundays and national holidays;
7. No outdoor storage shall be allowed, including the use of portable storage units, cargo containers and tractor trailers, except as follows: spent or used grain, which is a natural byproduct of the brewing process, may be stored outdoors for a period of time not to exceed 24 hours. The temporary storage area of spent or used grain shall be:
(a) Designated on the approved site plan;
(b) Permitted within the interior side or rear yard or within the minimum building setbacks;
(c) Prohibited within any yard directly abutting a residential use or residential zoning district;
(d) Fully enclosed within a suitable container, secured and screened behind a solid, opaque fence or wall measuring a minimum five feet in height.
d. Brewery - Regional (small) and large brewery. Regional (small) and large breweries shall comply with the microbrewery standards herein, but shall be permitted to occupy 100 percent of the total gross floor space of the establishment. A public viewing area opened certain hours at least five days per week shall be incorporated in the operation in order to render the use as an "attraction." This use acts as a main supplier of beer within a surrounding 'fixed' geographical area as identified in the business plan.
e. Distillery. A distillery shall mean any manufacturer of distilled spirits with 100 percent of its total gross floor space dedicated to manufacturing and related processes. A public viewing area opened certain hours at least five days per week shall be incorporated in the operation in order to render the use as an "attraction." This use acts as a main supplier of distilled alcohol within a surrounding 'fixed' geographical area as identified in the business plan. Distilleries may only be located within the boundaries of the Town's community redevelopment area. Distilleries shall be subject to the following:
1. All mechanical equipment visible from the street (excluding alleys), an adjacent residential use or residential zoning district shall be screened using architectural features consistent with the principal structure;
2. Access and loading bays shall not face toward any street, excluding alleys;
3. Access and loading bays facing an adjacent residential use or residential zoning district, shall have the doors closed at all times, except during the movement of raw materials, other supplies and finished products into and out of the building;
4. Service trucks for the purpose of loading and unloading materials and equipment shall be restricted to between the hours of 8:00 a.m. and 8:00 p.m. Monday through Saturday and between 11:00 a.m. and 7:00 p.m. on Sundays and national holidays;
5. No outdoor storage shall be allowed. This prohibition includes the use of portable storage units, cargo containers and tractor trailers.
Craft Distillery. A craft distillery shall be differentiated from a distillery by production limitations and an on-site sales component. A craft may sell to customers at its souvenir gift shop branded products distilled on its premises in factory-sealed containers for off-premises consumption. Such sales are authorized only on private property contiguous to the licensed distillery premises as identified on the distillery site plan at the time of its conditional use application.
10
Distilleries may only be located within the boundaries of the Town's community redevelopment area. In addition to meeting the land development regulations for retail use, a distillery shall comply with the following:
1. A craft distillery shall mean a licensed distillery that produces 75,000 or fewer gallons per calendar year of distilled spirits on its premises that has notified the State in writing of its decision to qualify as a craft distillery.
2. All mechanical equipment visible from the street (excluding alleys), an adjacent residential use or residential zoning district shall be screened using architectural features consistent with the principal structure;
3. Access and loading bays shall not face toward any street, excluding alleys;
4. Access and loading bays facing an adjacent residential use or residential zoning district, shall have the doors closed at all times, except during the movement of raw materials, other supplies and finished products into and out of the building;
5. Service trucks for the purpose of loading and unloading materials and equipment shall be restricted to between the hours of 8:00 a.m. and 8:00 p.m. Monday through Saturday and between 11:00 a.m. and 7:00 p.m. on Sundays and national holidays;
6. No outdoor storage shall be allowed. This prohibition includes the use of portable storage units, cargo containers and tractor trailers.
7. A craft distillery shall not sell any factory-sealed individual containers of spirits except in face-to-face sales transactions with consumers who are making a purchase of no more than six individual containers of each branded product.
8. Each container sold in face-to-face transactions with consumers must comply with the container limits in s. 565.10, which specify containers shall not be in excess of 1.75 liters or 59.18 ounces.
f. Wineries. A winery shall mean an establishment that manufactures and sells wine products (wineries, meaderies, and cideries) in conjunction with an accessory use such as a restaurant, tasting room, or other retail sales. Wineries may only be located within the boundaries of the Town's community redevelopment area. In addition to meeting the land development regulations for the use of restaurant, tasting room, or retail use types in the appropriate zoning district, a winery shall comply with the following:
1. The facility shall produce no more 100,000 U.S. gallons of wine per year. 2. This use shall be permitted only in conjunction with the use of restaurant, tasting room or
other retail sales and service:
(a) No more than 75 percent of the total gross floor space of the establishment shall be used to produce wines and other spirits including, but not limited to, the production house, boiling and water treatment areas, bottling lines, milling and storage, tank areas;
(b) The façade of an interior accessory use(s) (examples listed hereinabove) shall be oriented toward the street, and, if located in a shopping center, to spaces of public access;
(c) Pedestrian connections shall be provided between public sidewalks and the primary entrance(s) to any accessory use(s).
(d) The tasting room or restaurant use shall be contiguous to the winery use.
3. All mechanical equipment visible from the street, or public right-of-way, an adjacent residential use or residential zoning district shall be screened using architectural features consistent with the principal structure;
4. Access and loading bays shall not be located along primary facades.
11
5. Access and loading bays facing any street, adjacent residential use or residential zoning district, shall have the doors closed at all times, except during the movement of raw materials used for production, and finished products into and out of the building;
6. Service trucks for the purpose of loading and unloading materials and equipment are prohibited between the hours of 8:00 a.m. and 8:00 p.m. Monday through Saturday and between 11:00 a.m. and 7:00 p.m. on Sundays and national holidays;
7. No outdoor storage of portable storage units, cargo containers, or permanent parking of tractor trailers, is permitted except spent or used grain may be stored outdoors for more than 24 hours consecutively. The temporary storage shall be:
(a) Designated on the approved plan that identifies the outdoor areas;
(b) Permitted within the interior side or rear yard or within the minimum building setbacks;
(c) Prohibited within any yard directly abutting a residential use or a residential zoning district;
(d) Fully enclosed within a suitable container, secured and screened behind a solid, opaque fence or wall measuring a minimum five feet in height.
Staff Recommendation Staff recommends the Planning and Zoning Board move to Approve the proposed text amendments to Town Code Sections 78-72 and 78-70 to allow for distilleries, craft distilleries, and wineries as proposed by staff. ** All property owners within the C-2 and PADD Districts were noticed with a letter that was mailed out on June 26, 2020 and an advertisement was also placed in the PB Post on June 26, 2020. **
1
Town of Lake Park Community Development Department
TOWN OF LAKE PARK PLANNING AND ZONING BOARD
Meeting Date: JULY 6, 2020 – 6:30pm (or as soon thereafter as can be heard)
STAFF REPORT AGENDA ITEM: Staff-initiated text amendments proposing to incorporate a “Small Scaled Food and
Beverage Production” Use in the Commercial-1 (C-1) Zoning District as a special exception use.
Date: 6/30/2020 Background Summary Over the past few years, the Town has developed a unique, innovative and forward-thinking trend that has allowed for a variety of different development types to be considered within the Town limits. A perfect example is the brewery district created within the Park Avenue Downtown District and the Commercial-2 (C-2) district and the mixed-use district created along the US-1 corridor. This has generated a great deal of positive, economically driven attention to the Town and real life projects that have brought these changes to reality. This private-sector attention also presented an opportunity for the Town to once again stand out from its counterparts and consider a ‘small scaled food and beverage production’ use within its commercial and mixed-use districts to accommodate, diversify and synergize the uses already embraced by the Town. For decades (and throughout history), the food and beverage sector has played an important role in expanding economic opportunity. When most think about economic opportunity, many think of large corporations and developers with deep pockets wanting to take over towns and cities, rather than diversity. The Town’s vision has been far separated from this concept and while we have created districts that promote large development scenarios, we also created districts that allow for economic opportunity on a smaller, more diverse scale, for the smaller entrepreneur. This agenda item proposes a use that is in line with this ideology. Ultimately, (…)
2
(…)
(…)
SOURCE: 2007 – The Role of the Food & Beverage Sector in Expanding Economic Opportunity (Economic Opportunity Series, Harvard University, John F. Kennedy School of Government) PROPOSAL Final legal review is still required and changes may be made prior to the proposal being presented to the Town Commission. The provisions provided in RED represent the NEW Town Code language proposed by Staff. The Town encourages the evolution of emerging businesses, industries, and technologies in order to provide sustainable, year-round, and well-compensated job opportunities to the citizens of the Town of Lake Park. Consequently, Staff is looking to expand the envelope and consider “Small Scaled Food and Beverage Production” in its Commercial-1 (C-1) zoning district (for now) as a special exception use, and possibly other zoning districts in the future to expand opportunity and promote entrepreneurship and start-ups. Town Code Section 78-2 – Definitions
Small Scaled Food and Beverage Production means an enterprise that conducts the production of prepared food and/or beverages for local or regional wholesale or retail distribution, or both. Such uses include, but are not limited to, wholesale or retail bakeries, commercial kitchens, and specialty food and/or beverage processing or packaging shops, but excludes meat or seafood processing plants.
Town Code Section 78-71 (2) – C-1 Business District Special Exception Uses g. Small Scaled Food and Beverage Production, provided that:
1. Scale of Use. The floor area of the use shall not exceed 30,000 square feet.
3
2. Hours of Operation near Residential. When abutting or within 200 feet of a residential zoning district boundary, measured from property line to property line, the use shall not operate or have any loading or delivery activities between the hours of 9:00 PM and 7:00 AM.
3. No Nuisance Created. The use shall not create or cause any perceptible noise, odor, smoke, electrical interference, or vibrations that constitute a public or private nuisance to neighboring properties. Documentation evidencing these elements shall be required at the time of application for special exception approval.
Oftentimes, the above proposed use is operated in conjunction with a restaurant and additional retail uses when it is used to create an incubator scenario for small scaled food and beverage entrepreneurs that require standalone commercial kitchens and associated equipment to start and grow their food and beverage related products, while learning the necessary business skills to become successful in their trade. Below is a copy of the Town’s Official Zoning Map that identifies the C-1 zoning district within which this use is being proposed. The use may be expanded into other districts in the future after its success is measured, or possibly the demand presents itself.
4
Staff Recommendation Staff recommends the Planning and Zoning Board move to APPROVE the proposed text amendments to Town Code Sections 78-2 and 78-71 to allow for a Small Scaled Food and Beverage Production use to be defined and incorporated in the C-1 zoning district, as proposed by staff. ** All property owners within the C-1 District were noticed with a letter that was mailed out on June 26, 2020 and an advertisement was also placed in the PB Post on June 26, 2020. **
T封e Role ofthe Food&Beverage Sector in
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I Table of Contents
PREFA∝
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20
END NOTES
REttRE1lGES
LIST OF 00MPANlES aTERⅥ EWE0 40
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betteen busttss ac疱 ▼,そしnd powett d確Wadon EX,ettnen協 Jon and ttmng ttЮ happentt fast AS aけ Su■ he senes mutt be
∞nsdered a■o「k mttfess,and readeis are llJv ted to劇 随確ntt experence and retecと ばts w山 咀 陸 I∞k fOrt“ 置loゆ 研ng
眸■Ofthe dyna■ llc 9f(v′ lh and d9″ bpmento∝ ur口 P,9m怖ヽndd
l The Roie ofthe Food&Beverage Sectorin Expanding
Economic OpportuniⅢ
The FOOd St bcvcratt industv has a uniqu(:rOlc in αPanding ecor】 oIれ たOPⅢⅢortuIIiγ b― tlk'it is un帝 crミ遍〔0
hilrnan lli and heal゛ Ⅲ_The industッ oPeraitt at middPie levds OFdociev:laml二 番Lイ
('V CrOPS FOr their Oh′ n
consumPdon,COlれ munides tFade fresh PrOduceぬ id hornc‐ PrOCCSscd 3oods,local comPantt transform
dom蛉 Sc crOPS f。 〔10ctt Hェ arkeヽ and inに“
laヽ ona corpOrェ むons PurC脇置 ∞ 11lmodiitt」 ob■ly tO dChver
Producrs actt B∞ BraPhieS
In thる di■ eぉ e LA志 0■ Pe,b‖おons or pe(,Pに grow,lmnsForlil,良 れd SSi food,Pardcular,in dwdoPing tOunties
whcrc、モ呂icdtuに dominate`副 Othcr ttonOmic secモ 0お Yet a vast shaF Of Rhett Workers cannoこ bolh sads,
thdr iniHledtttc t‐ onsumPよ on n∝ふ attd eaFn SHttcに nl■ J(itⅢ れie frOln lood ria工 ∝tsto l二 Prove thC干
“
Ч、 Thな
PaPCr PFOVidCs tiisi♪【 hto h。 ヽヽ′P!OnCCang hrgt iれ 芯 工に brcフdに ng thls duemlЩ aild buitting cconcmた
。P,01tと n`iv alo〔 い d tOOd&bevcrttc Valモ lc clttns
1.l The Advatttage or Larg9 Firms
Ⅲ ⅢよCkling SPedic hrflcド hム 倦w locュ て1●ns ttound【 he wottd,hr鮮 ∞ mPanit・、a rtヽ dcFnCn`〔 radng that
pFOぎ螺 Can be niadd PcoPlc tェ n iirn lhdr work intO tncrcmcntd galnsと l incOnit・ and iniproャ ed stょndばふ of
缶ing UndurPhing“ conIPanles.hrc皐 (nヽ onsにleCt thdr Own buSntt n】。ddヾ 述ュd sPan agrlttttur』
productと on or ttw nate■ ■s,llぅ。d Proc埜頑ntt ind d`〔 ibujon and m.こ Fkε ing achi苗 esと v chanζ ng tht
colェditlons hi this“ idd tO mOu〔 ぱЧlve cttin,lattc cOmpan恩 睫IP PrO、′:dc stabilⅢ 鰤d OPP。 ltuniv tO
thOusands OFPt,()PIC
Such changtt tar.ヽ et the cFititaI P「 (・ t‐ondi五 ons to t(onOmた OP?ortuniv Thツ Creと t indttsiw businett modols
with enPhdsiS On gと obュ 1 0r local inarkcts,build hc hurH」 】a】ェd Phかた』caPitd oF llⅢc POOr tO PaFtiCIPatく
efF∝dH,h徳 。d tt bevemge v■ ue challlsュ lid WOFk t0 0Ver∞ me thc advesc hsStutお こlal and Pdi守 後 t。ぉ、
a!】■On3 0thtts,diat prevcn〔 島od&bc、′erage vユ ue dttns ton色 11ling thcir ProlniSC OF~ duc dtttibu〔 ion
VヽЪ韓e sudi inttrventtons are by no n】 (,ans thけ Prぐr。
8オよiVe cFね rge帝】(ernaむOnal ttH那 ,such ttHtt do h.n、ぐ
ょd、 .、生ntages in〔 ェ鼈Att atdOn:
・ Knowttdge of demand H口rketと■疑ゃ tO“ lP赳 h岱 undestandも 。こh dom`tと and intt:HiadOnd markes,thc
namrc oFdemand for Ft,oふれょfFゝ,md thctttFt t離`もど diat thc PcOr aiust dear〔 O martet ihcir g部 ぅds(nOt
tcとこst to tomPanieS'CWn Purthtting dePartricnts)II】 many oFtht,tascs tcviewed,aFヽ 。Curin3 oい ,tiCdVe tt「。
ra`e the crOP qudiげ oF sm』 rК』e畠rnis,whたh`re d主剤にnび望 10に ,ヽcp up with tvcr‐ ■ヽ ng st題 1(lュrds r(),
crop PrOductlon
・ Span acro§ the walue chttn,Addttiondlv【 he nⅢ Ⅲor irmS in thtt se囀 〔or opeFate Or stFOn」y inaucacc cndrc
、ahe chaiぉ 祐 m grtっ、~
ハ Ю COt16umCri Thar、・ach X Paracdar,POWe話 耐 佑r cttdng∝ ono前 c
1に ROli OF了 hこ ЮoD88罰〔Fム Gr stcro台 h:コ andng E(て (ヽIn腱 0打Цunに,3 6 THttROE OFT鰊 E FO∽ aB〔ャモη附E ttCTOR市 臥pa ul時 離和引コにoppatunv
OPPOrtuniv betaHさ e lttr companles can eitho link Poor produrers〔 o the ttt Or‐ thc wOdd or strengthcn
tOcal cμ des OFw』 th cК 4dOn tt moも よlzhg gr(,weお,producers,dlstibutO心 ,and c(lnstiale、
ResouFCeS and crettbltt Notにast,LrBe∞ mPanicS htte thc wclght to contOnt iegav apprOacll、 's to
PFOdtiα lon and予岱ttt interestti in suP,ly chains and the reputati(,n to睫 credible Partnes to a wide vihev
Of』lics sharin3 COmPに nen〔aげ obl嚢 囀 Tottther,thげ ∝ n ttrd fo invcst fOF diC 10ngに rm and iniさ e
Paむent caPitd ini〕 〔「alislorn】ょ苗~e in苗 ょd、ィ盛
12 LeamingれЮtt Exisung Res9aHれ
r。。d&bcYC“ 鮮 CO口 PaniCS α Pand ttDぅ omic oPPo■ univ in mttnv、 電)唇 ,in bOdi rith.■ nd Poor regions ofthe
wodd_A number oFstudた s hdvc hk,■ighttt thc cOnthbudOII Ortheね idtttr、 in crcadng both ecOェ Om花 』nd
s∝粧1聰 lue〔ふ 十
=rOF leヽenues 8enem、 ed呼 【he ittustrン W。 ldWide,a祐培e Pct〔 lon oF胡 ue nows 0
● 盈卸 eFSiWOlvtt h「 、ェw materids PrOduct10n
。 1。 cal 100S PrOctttng o「 髯】RIiuFattu苗
:ig(dPitd invヽ tnents
, Ьoth dttr∝ 〔ェnd irdirt、 t tabOr
・ 憲叫ernmcnts岱 〔gcs
・ 10cd indぎ Ob∬ LVCst()f、 aヽS dividends
More speclric■ ly I∝ u鋼 ●n a lowincOmc colltCXt,Unitcvcr and O、 filれ
`:(andttxark st、
ldy on the s∝ !o‐
∝ononicimp征るoFtlle tlidever vdue tlェ 磐n in indoneslaと mOnstratt'd llow fば this vユ ue患蕉tributton t.in設 :
whiに tic comPan/Cmplα炉 う、000,eOPle in that(Ountrv in estimated 300、 000 Addモ lon■ ,ObS ar〔i suPPOrted
bOth uPstrc`■In ia FOt,d PFOduCtion and downstrcaln in dIЫ ibuむ on i Sin再 lari),in a D(Iccnibcr 2006 H」 vばd
Busine、 R〔「ritw artide,Mに had Porter andヽ lark Кれ IneriughIBhted thc Kha潤 Ⅲarue"created FOr bOtli Ne6d遷
and'∝alcOmmun■ ム 郎 a rcsuh oFthe cOruPan■ iOnttteFm inVtttn】 ent in deve10Ping mak diwに ts in lnd五
and Pと(lsEn Thと in.′cstmCnt htt cnsurcd a gcwing sl〕 〔どce Ofqudity suPPIy to thc tOc』 da17醸 よrkt・ t,hcOmc
grt,wth to Farmers,ard Sgincant assotlated gttills in communities'a(■ (kiS tO educltiOn and hcaith`
1.3 Leaming,om Case S珈】dies
Thc role oFiT解 缶 Els md oFthcir Parmctt h CXPallding∝ onoI二」こoPPormaiv(:all』隆 a、,ahev OF fornis
The enlerging lnせ 1▲E Iet五 1ざ ant,Reli舶1(e,■ rcathing into tht cOuntrか own mrd駕 五cuhurょl suP,l~,cttin tO
PЮvide qモ ,alityる 。1、 FOF■ S StO確S Nsとに モ hnklIIg the∝ 。nOnic engine cF ks mdk suPPIy chain in Pattstan
、′!th an initiative toョ IPPαにthOuSands Of、 ,omcnぐntFePreneurs tralncて まinと、,cst∝ k care Cる ca Cok S▲ bcO,an
East Al・ Ican bo〔 、府ξ ccinPan)恣 Cによting hundreds oF nlicro一 buSn―s tO inProャ c Prod【 ICtと sriblltion
WhCtheF diC 10ng‐ tcm】 i試on tt about dcvdoPi電 loc工 五Ⅱ ke6 0t globユ 餓 PP,Chams,tht diTcrcnt scenarお s
alt havc OflC dling in EOmiYⅢ on:thッ fott`On the ab」 iv OFPOOr cOmmunitcsto crcate種 Ⅲd cェ Pture more oFtlit
vJue hm【 heと 猛bOi
Thtte(が es are sttt txccPttOnS,試 bdt 10rnildable Onヽ M〔 ilむ natお ntts ttnerdヤ dO n。〔PurCttSe FrOm n】■rt,
farn,s,butと oと,1 larγぎ、n】Ore ettctent ag正 culturaJ plottuteる 。「ばtding∞ mPanies that agg壁 騨tc and scll lood
commodiた s Alid d資 ,PiCat Strartt for cntettng dc、 tヽ10Ping c(lunthcsた oo〔 〔o emPtt and scwe he Poorcst
OF sOciey in Fdct,&遣 atlsc oF advantes inお Od,■ alluttctuれ ,8,Pttkaging,anせ inarke苗 n&thC O■ 1/custoぃ cr
瑠 mCntS thatitte ifFお Can Scne PrOataも ,with lCgac、・ buttaぐ岱 nodeκ att the veal占 /亀whuお an tenters.
TO Pr()とute at eqじ 』 quェLv and at picesan。ィdabte for B」 四ぎadcShS POOr、 Danonc Gm4et:ユ 1,偽r exarnple,催 d
tO shcd a nu「 libにr OF ttliII01蟷 ies hvt〉 lyd h廿Ⅲc∞mpanハ :4五nstreartt approach to malluttctuing,hstead
藝 ingれ0確 tabO■ infに` nSiVe PЮ∝ sSes
inc‐ car,ing the number and scde OF such inidat予 盛 requiFeS neW apPr()achcs that strctch` buSncs AS uSl:d'
PraCiCt` S・ The tlsc smdics re胡 ewcd FOr dits teF)Ort PrO● de insight intO〔 !!e nttcssiv oFcOnaborauon Ali bui
onc asdgn sPCCittc rol【 sヽ lo(rO鶴‐Sにtor Partilers in gЮ wing indusivc bllsiness niα ttls,bdlding【 he Lumaは and
PhFical∞ Pitマ」l oF ilic Poor,And inIPrOving enabiれ ig institutions and POilties But FOrと he、eeR。「ts tO ltad tO
susttincd soci工 and eこ。れOmiC gむ JnS aKO requrcs considcに て
'cn OFOthcr dmension,cre`idve stri呉争cs m螂t bC
dぐ、.eloPed io ttcute,diversitt oF n】 uldPII sOur(cs oF ttltOFtat、 【o pro、∝ t the e:ivirOnment,`ど lid to ttdc uP
ind予 idu∬ suc、 e岱 能ortes lo le、′eK where vュ、t imPaCt tan be achievtヽ d
Fin赳 1卜 h comPariIェ8∬l die口 ぶe studtes,a POWer倦 l dttcmma cmerges Rttrding hoド 桟さtto t、(?れnd et(〉 nOmic
OP'Crmalv:角 e the po(Ⅲ l beここer箕 、ヽミ b/conneting Poor,t(〕 duCing ttμ o郎 to higttPurchasmg一 POwcF
intcrnatloa」 mュ rkc6,whcrcに襲雫=m弾 瓜S Ottr nior、 vヽduc for rttstFibudOn,Or Ⅲ P「()gr鶴'や
d/scdi▲t uP
Iocai buine、岱 oPcradng on txrene1/thin margins!Pcllat,s the∬ 颯IPle anSWer is bothょ fe“■uired
■4 Methodologv
This rePoF aPPIiCS the tttlts OfPima「 /and st、‐ond aFヽ
′rt`sealch to a number OfGtt Studies to dttw lessons on
sttategitt for t・ (ヽPinding cconOmlc opl,o,tunit〉
"lthe ttd&beveratt S∝rOI P苗mょry reseatch cOnsと td of
確に,hOnc inteFVieWS wih l,exPer`に Pttenting Iェ rtt nurirど atio:iat Or na〔 lonal∞ IPoratiCIIs(韓c Llst or
COmpmies hte口 に、、イed)SeCOnd`nrⅢ f Rs敬 赴 lncIじと、ヽd a re、,iw oF К ltヽvmt rcPO:心 ,Srudies,and artid岱 偽 ma
砲nge Orsout藝 lor cnch tte stud}
Findi嬰苧are dt、■(1■・d into three pimw sccjon、`.Sこ
塩ion 2 Provldtt an ovcⅣにw oF〔 hc businLss casc FOr
cngagerncnt h cxPandiIIg ec(lnomた oFPOrtuniV in dcvcloPing COuntttes it Ft,cuscs cn the mot■ atiOn for
lnteⅣendon魚、Fob▲ 1 0rl∝ 』 捲vds SeciOn 3,心t=郡 a FttnewOrk dtvdOped中 the auふ 。ぉ 〔O dcttcr thc
range OFsモ ratesiS ConPanitt are utting to tac(le ttriers to∞ Dnomた oPPOAuruv胡〔h Parucul」 emphas億 。n
thc d帝 iSon oFiabor emetting besveetI Partneる Secdoれ る。uIIintt ke/1cssoFム 一ヽand conctrns_for the indtistリ
in etigtti:ェ g in(:xPanding e∞ n(ぅれ,iC CPPortuniV FlnaII卜 &驚tionう Pro立des c`lsc Stヽ 1こies PFOnhAs the SyttiOmic
OP弾〔〔`miv s“`ttむCS Cmplovcdゥ a number oFdircrcnt companies
■にROLE OF ttE FOOll&BttPAGE譴 ∈Onれ 臥"ndng E∞
i呻持Op脚luntv 7 0■〔ROLE CF rHF FOOD&壁雄 nAGL SECTORい 臥脚硼「、l Efof o可 に (中μ″lun w
2 The Business Case for Engagement
2,l The Need for Sustainable Food&Beverage Produじ 頌on
`J9J′・′fF′ 0′′ τ
・′`ク
滋 /`4′ ,ffOr`κゼf′″ ′″ιとケ'心
″ fFrr妙 打イ″r′ ″ ,〃
",r,.,・
ォ′f∫ 碑 ィユ
『
′t・′`/!rr/1ぞ
t′
′′υどど″・サr′どぅ う げ″万でrr4f″と
'/″
♭た事 軸 r,v″〃/′艤 ε谷 とど″l`アタど,ァどた,'I′ √ 》すど7う″J脇ノィメ′ヱr,′ .テ0″
′卿ツVザ蒼″ t‐フが,1,,,轄 И′どをJ″ オげ μTル ωμ fr'ユ ′'沙妨 ′f″あ/・ rt,,P∫ ″″ど′',メ
′と ,f′ ″ ιr¢″揚 ヵ ぁ
ιO″ι′″
`β
み“
● 2れ勝 ″′′`'ど
/f?〃,″′″ひ″'Fを'Tr漁
つ弯″ 赫 ,fナ ′′ァ′′すJ″,″ 韓 叫 ry′
`/r!″″〆イ・
あっ″沸 ,`τ″
″″OV,:サ 0/h′」議′!:′F″ 濃を,,ι了上 Neslに '
hもeddet in N(k、 」ふ`れ
Odヽ′adons lor hwesSng in ttcuitumlに gions are intcrtelated ccOnol■ lt and
cn胡ronmcntal intcrrs`In fac〔 ,mol〔 casc、 Pronied in thモ r、ヽ Pori tCatuFe,Oint ttendtt inditt ncw wav`tO
creatc and sharc wcttdi wttc dilninish江】g adverse mPaCti On nanlre
MttCr irlis in dle ttusw att conceFded about mttnmぬ 埓 aCC` to qualiv FOOdstuと s dcsPitt'P。 (■=ial―
。rteli tことn‐■ladc― dlsruptitlns to thdr suPPly chむ ns lhes(:indude poPuladon舒 。wdl encrOachitt O:】
駕 缶し■遺山 Fd ttnds,こ 匡 螂 hig Ⅵ 〔∝ sca〔 iv甑 辻 POuutton,di噸 に thttlge res■ldIIB h hc嘩 饂 Frequenγ and
ic、 eiv OFd「 otth、 and aocds,and the sPread OFiれたCtI()(ls disetl確s aFttdng Pl額 6,POllinating insects.and
itl「 lina bcings ln de cOn〔こゝt oFdcgradhg cnvlrOnmen、 Ⅲthc p∞ rtt PΥ (lCulttlⅢ ′a健、〔試“
h。ァPoss、 簿ver
reSOuに岱 With whic■ 10 rttlct or ada,t tO changing conditions GJoも d cOnsumers,in mHl)are inaそ 塔 ingty
萌 lhJ〕gtO pT PI(,れ laコ縣 ror桜∫e,cttniC,and stist、型nょble Products t11■ t id歳へ thett hげ ょlth cOn∝ ms,s wdi
as thdr intcぇヽ s`in PscrVll18 1hC elュ 、aronilienI赳 ld呉Ⅲ ing POVC呼 In ttts cquad(〕 n,how∝ er sun】 narI).
dePた ted hcrc,hes tte oPPorfuniV f(〉 rttrr c(linμ lれたS tC anddPatC thC nt,eds oF∞ nsにmcrs,imPT(、 Ve hvcs,甑 ld
l】」d_常 a〔ぐthe enironmental FootPrint OFthcir indtis〔 呼
2,2!mprovlng Globai Supply Chains
腕` th th(Oudock,I.ぅ Od&beverige cOmpantは ,are natur.■ 1ly■irning thcir aFt(,nd。 1】 to thc State OFattrltuttural
suPPly chains,P■ にと〔1lady“ound crl)|).` in hlgh deninnd lnternatloぃ ■1)orttinadng“叫np()orer cOunげおs,
bdもed On highr tagmented Prodllcion,胡 th£ uコ山u、 s(R襲蟹Jing〔 O keep up with rislれ s Stndttds orProducdon
hi tcrぃ ぶoF6oth亀肛前ng Pracrices ind PIoduct quali呼
22、 l Secuttnu the sttpげ Cha市
The crOPs長 盪、iFCdね our eumples have ttnstOrnationd Potenti工 in both cnvと omaent正 ュnd ctollo!二 」C【ernis
Thc、 indtldc Prcrr・ uni colltc that can bc gr()、γn under 10rist ccVer rather than thro、 lgli sLsh一 and‐Ьurn
PraCtた es,and ncx bi配 ドcド iv´Fた nd,nat゛ e croPs dettloP、 ■as bettcr atcrnati、・es to α`dng raⅥ
n】 aにnds
恥 e initiaこ vcs surrclinding thcsc goPS emP(〉 HeF fよrniing commtinidcs to珀 Xc P(越 ut■ ion s■ .indards whilc
ofl砲五埓 dittrentに veX Orgur無 】臣eOn P子供luC uPtake hザ 』10、ャPardCや ating COnPtti§ rO∞unt onょ盟 ss
to higtty lmceaも に偽od niatends at nt・ 、lcd qudiv ql.anhv and PSCe tevcls,and〔 o be surc that〔 h守 釘e nol
essociatd with en宙 rOnmcntal益♂越ation
iuPP,Chお n securⅢ Can a`O be achお ved more indir∝ Ⅲ asNNに とsho、萌ng in□ にとしanヽVniに 帝has a 10ng
hlstOγ Of、■。rほag哺 th ttrmett to improve mlk Productio虫
`tanhrds,thc comPanI IS角山ding ino〔 her wtty to
proniote bolh麒 。noれ C` aCdviv and better FOOd st`inda● ふ Insにad OF tralIItれ g ttme、 dir(Id>Ntttiさ
ょgrononゝ 志番,with dieも■lPPOrt。ドUnited Nょ 1お ns D騨ごloPInent Prorammc(uNDP)and the COwcnlment oF
Piklstan,are dc、 eloPins a coh。「〔Of、■omcn cntrcprこ・neuis emPoW(ユ 世d to、eは inini」 healthcare scrvices to thciF
Ptin,よbi larl】 l com:】主unitit:、 8etter nvtttock health uiiinatctr transta〔 cs intt,lmprovミtl sはPPIy t(工 ndttions λr
Nesdこ nd Othcrlotu bu、′crs
設2 0eveloping Atertttve and innovatve Food Conte献
Fa、 cd胡h『Owins conCCrn ab◇ ut tlle imPact Or P(alm。 ‖,uniに ver tt bと nking oれ Alhnも Iac色ュ(AB)oll as a
lons tcrn subsStutc in thc PIOduti:on OFlo単 'ChOl、・slerol mar解■ac ThCCOnPm)oこ(rcns予 e rcs、 aヽrch on thc
PrOPCHiCS OF!代 B On Pu、 itin a unitue posiむ oll to tユ kt'adttntagc oFthis ncw blodi、 c、 iγ4おndy andincOmc‐
geェ erittng crOP B∝ ause dic hlidat予 c does not bulむ trOn in exisdng bと、c Or駕ぉctdfuぬl aCt~ i聯 帝tequis a
mdd‐).e」 commitnⅢentん llniltter`Hば r:c卜とれとたは Stares,1,e comPtty Plans tO rbinB the Юlunles to a
にvd whcre“ onomitt oF s(■ le rぐ d呟e cost ind m工確 the wholc pro,∝ t suStムlilable fhen,前 til a ntw FaW
matchal cstablisht′d,hundr工、oF thO.usIIdδ ofttHl】crs inハ農ita can eala a d∝ eat抵宙IIg trom i〔Ⅲ
2 2 3 Meedng Dettnd!or SusttinaЫ o Prod餌 ●is
Trddれ ig compa〔 ェiヽ PoSjoned between groweA aad rood nぅ とnuratmrers Are dSO promOting sustainable
a憲おt‐ul■lral,「ュcdces.One intcndvc t tO avoid d`int― cdiadon b/JObd cOmP」 ュtes crcadュェ8■ r∝t linttges
with the PoOr in Order to o「 cr a拍 番βOnSiblざ vduc Prl,PcSitiOn tO con、コ:,nes tCOM,One such trading
COmPan)`heIPing hundreds of∞再整 Pr●du(:1,Is in Hondllras athicvc cert,Scゑ dOn tOr re,POnsibに ct,Tee
Prodliction and so■ に'れ
と、rいい1工ng in hOth∝ OnoこれiC ttins and wider qudiv OFliFc iniProvenient,in gro、 veF
In soぃ e cascs、 companにs ttt Httng社 鸞rcsPOnsibに or s、 Is〔工nable valじ eP「 oPosidOれ 載|〔hc wり to conSumers
tO achitte a r、 ′(■luCS Prc“ヽこInⅢ d、■〔s(〉
eR bCVOnd qudiv of艶 た げ 31`ir(ttttttS Th` llldud6 add■ lolェdc脇「 6呼
lmd coniPaII婚 and Pttrtnes tO ttinはCtudve t,(cぃ てo oo,S,alldて 。しrand Prodtl●`on the ba、
ls OF thcl「
bcnctts to cOmmuni【 患 ■nd to natuК 駐お、icば 儀 nst,rvation Co能 e Alhance側
`unとr diis logむ 16
inteⅣ entiotl trRns長 )用】打認 ∞ free ProduCtiOn in ChlAPa、 in M(!kiф,wherti thc cOmPtty`noW'uに 1お五Is mO確
han 50 conttncぉ or aPPr(l重 matdy 2=コ ho■ PcuェHdS OF Mgh‐ gttdc contte anaua好 an lntrt:ax o1 48
COIIthn゛ rS SЮ ni wttn thc PrOgFalfl a^Ib噂 」】 lrOgcthtr with a nunlも eF Of Odier働∝ id a:Ⅲ d enir。 lmiental
er子。16、 the Ob,∝ 市Ve x to PoSdOn thc cOn,anメ`1さ)iesPonsiblC andれ 工`intin a POSむ wc image in a netrdメ
qudit, `Ind txPcrienこ ←conscious concc eねoP indust呼
コモRO霞 OFttE豫餅,0&8印囃 SEaOnね Fx,lfFd ng E∞¬m麓 0脚 lu「 ly 0 iO rJE AOLE OFrに F00D&離霊腿 能研OR tt Expandtt Ecα onに
"知
maw
2,3 Developing Lccal Food&Beverage Markets
X`′ httc s10bal comPa〕芯 might ast fotus on eゃ o庶‐basd oPPOr■ inidcs,a nlェ「nbcr OFcxa:nPli,■ sc cmPhasI夕e
ettoris toもこld IOcalお Od&Ь c.ve鞘半v■じe ttains h ttch o「 dtt.心es,compa!lies are<健 更、iagiamedと te Or
antl●iPattt COnsra士 、tO growing domesヽ c■ erslons of〔 helr buinも mOSds As Danone tesSaes,even if
designcd Pimar』 /ェt sOci」 inVヽ tmcn`,thcsc i苗 iatlttcs s」 ∝ h COmPanた s tO innO、 atc and dcvcloP cOmplct,
nく,w busmtts modeと that rely lss hcavlF On∞ st1/technOる gies〉 without ttcriacing PFOduCt intcgriv SuCh
initし ldvtt nと y locus uPヽ` trttm on suppty conditions and FOOd Proo醸 輯ing oFindt!de dヽ tributiOn and consumcr
殖 睫ing Thtt cr∝ tc a grcarcr dwcsiv oFiobs dtt dOユェoddsさodぶ甜胡th PrOducuon ttっ rc、【POr、 wherc
emPIγmen[k cOn∝ ntrat(:d in fara】 ing
2.儀1'mp匈胡れu Accett toと ocal Food―
悦咄MIuer and Ca蒸 1l arc tOtuscd uPstrC錮 は前th thdr inidadvc in Ralttthan in india to hProvc bar狩
ProductloI】 and Sadstt dOmesti brewing needs A ktt hcendvc tt FO rttSc loctt sttndards suttciendy tO l。 中er
the companie、s'dePenと ncc on intemadOnd suPPllCS Of qudiり bariv toF malI Production The Progratnよ
curenⅢ MDlking ln 150宙 よagcs sP喀 迅 dJOugh〔監rce dlst工 c`of Ral益 〔猛 n_The B。■ と こO purchase uP tO
10,000 tolls oFhぃ 弓Fade badcy locdげ
Rdiaュicc h(■ ■亀ns(dePendent oaコ 1,PrOVing l(た■food PrOdtitdon,rhclndm叫祐n二cmte,ttadldona敵 )
acこ ve in Pt,trOchcmFds,is now buttding a th」 II oF reと 述 stOres that w』 cOverと ,ぅ 00 sitcs in india To supPty
■snく w sto「cS,Rttha[と eた in grcat netd ofqunity prodttcα Farning in lnd法 ,hOwctte、 とhlghly iagnen〔 ed and
SuttCCt tO hi,d εLm∝ dc condions〔 once haivested,■ と 、・eγ difnslt to toeP trutt and~ x∝ aЫ岱 体sh under
extreme temperatut.Rehance has Lh(」 確fOre d専 、.cloPed a nctwork oF∞ ‖∝ 〔iOn centc、 lo(■kted do誠 Io ttne嗚
Thc、 c have rcduced ttitte oFcrO,st。 5%FrOtii an attmtt Of30守 。att edttd handhg chirgヽ P工dⅢ armtrs
toれ ddlcmen Ⅲ 50ツo恥e Ptan nOw is to cxPirld thc modd widi Rura1 3ushess Hutt wilch,hュ ddidon tO
being tttding cente卜ゎwttI PrO、 lde agお culttl「 d duc■ liOn to inProvc亀 軍n,telds and enす r()n:lluital PraciC答
The hu眺 、、dl dso gと cr ht。ュ1lh scⅣt“ ,shOP,ing、 and cven cn〔 、'rtュ innien〔
2.役 ImpЮ萌n9oistrbutton
Ccta‐ (Xl■ Saも c。 (CCS)isュ ke▼ bOtdcr FOr G∝ ―(ち ia ln East、 lnこ South AFrica and Asi∝ in 2002,C(器 Faccd
aslribution dittcuh盛 心 a resuit or pocr inFrdstrticture in ttst ttfrica,where tttdidonat nctlば Ods Or
astttb、ldon wcr to革 1/ar】 d incTecttve_′rt,address dlett i§ ues,CCS dcsign剤 額議inoVative wstem OFMttual
Disばibudon Centcs(MDCs)thar bu‖ d irs distribudon ncwOよ thrOugh salal scale enterPriSes.Th“ e
enterPriseS emPIoy ettht t。 10 PeoPに ea`ih and seJI COca‐ 6ヒ to reldュ l oudets胡 〔hin伴鋸解Ph正 確d競 Orabout
1 5 kdomctcrs,MDC ownersand stボ are traind in baslc PrulciPles ofbuslncss,such as pFttt ttd ca`h ac、 、′
manュgemeni,custonerミ crvitc,oPdm工 Warehouse nュ :】餐rment,釘 遭14arkぐting They are■ so o吾とred non―
business trainhヒ ,F(rね istan∝ i!,HN ミヽDS awarcn藝 &Cl!打 enti卜 せェerくこare 380 MDCsin Kenya dOnc、
SCnCraing S100蕊 損on in rぃ ,cn」e arlnualヵ cmPにげing aPPro道 matdy 4,OIXl pcoPle,and suP,o誼 電 ta】 41iS
cFtPPrO'ヽ iniately l(inOo Pに 、cPle_
23.38u‖ dlng a Cutture of lSむ aり inぃo聰tloれ
DanOne Gralneen`joint venture in Bttl劇 睦 h tO PrOduct,and m雷に t yogばtin P(lor coinmunhies∞ vesせ 】c
cntirt,lood tt bc、 喩単鉗 v』 uc hュ IⅢ ,includhtt upゝ trt,`主れ1■れと dOMIstrcaと n acd宙 des.The inttat■ ct()vC'S thg
de、retoPment OFmicrO― tums FOF qllaLv mttk PrOduction,mantl島 確tu工 れg uSing a noMd proct、s thttt emPhastzes
協bor o、 ′∝〔〔k hl工 01。舒 and dO。
「to dooF dtttibudOn Ⅲ
ムGra,neen I♂ dtes,'In角 にt,the、′cmmtt goes bevOnd
creadng∝ oれOmた OPPOHuniV tO dd「 蝠 ing nut工 tion∬ dendcncitxl in hIJr← n,in hne wiと】DぉJionti`a」 ∬ion
rtO bing h螢lth thrOugh士 ood to i nldl。 市v oFpeOPIc"Whde the∩ st ttct。 7 JnPIOか 30 PI),teにruited and
traJned ttom thc conimunitt the dev、・loPnient of耐 cr(l,rと ms and dist五 bunon agt・ nts胡 l emPIoン up to l,000
p∞ Pに The initiadve FOres(loF establヽ 猛独3 uP〔。50 sudl v工 ue chttns ictA Bangladesh,whモ h me:Ins
emPIttmen〔 md ecOnomic oPPorttiniv on a vaSt Xde MOstimPoコ コnt犠 h inf.ses Danohe胡 th a sPiit Of
social inao、 .aむ On that chdlertts l噂 り b¨inも :忠x土ユs
駆 Rα二OF ttE〔 00[&m日 艇 SEC・ORれ |、,、全嗣ng:枷 でInた Opttnunty ll 12斑 AO軽 OF■こЮ00患 軽出にRハ征離C Cnm臥 即xJfig鼠潮鰤鶯OppOnuⅢ
3 Businett Sttategies for ttpanding E∞ nomic Opportunity
Thモ FePOtt has asstuned that inveso礎 n`b/1arge arHIs inこ、Panding ecOnomic oPPortuniv lla予 e Foctised On
ψ∝tac bばrlers to PC()PIe`abttv to wOt accumulate assets,ょ nd improve thetr llves our case studies show
that a nuFnbCr OFbarricls must,in fact,bc tackicd dmultancOusl}(発 生ヒЬOrauvc acdon atr()、 s(:ctorS iS Ottcn
中益 n。 ∞ mPBAy OF Pattner Ot騨 12a■On PoSStteS all the c、 IPabilttte`need to overcome■ l bariers_
Fromむ le tatt studitt explored in detait,we FOュ :ld tと re(:d農にnt ievels Of int_cndons tor exμ nding
∝0れOmた OPPoFunウ :Creaing hdusive businヽ models hv(l「 ing the Pcor tt entttPК neuぉ ,suP,he卜 ヽ
■s面butors,К ta」 ers Qistorne、,or sourccs ofinn(lvado、 bttШ ng thc humェ nandPhぃ ical CaPl〔』oFthe POor
t()cnabと tilen to P雪 哺cIPaie h thCSe mod』 、and tadding sPccinC in`む tuおnd or Poti守 もariers in thc
enaЫ工g environili∝ t to Cahance Feと sibiliげ and imPact.BchuⅢ d each intervention are sPeclnc act帝 idcs caried
Out Ⅲ a確「
lCγ OF,頭 nCrS acrtl、 buSne“ ,ぃ 革 H:]虫 ear,dil sOclety,銀 d the inteF“ ユ■6aal dOnorcommuniリ
(s∝ Figilre l)_
事イG814こ ,fttREE INTttPⅥ日▼RON ttEVELS TA9住 EO BY CROSS‐SECTOR PARTNERS
Go口脚 ∝ 醜 (a,A― l
FrOm thと PeweC市鞭,a number OfPa【terns emer鮮 :
R心、nltlad、 ′cstt rd/tolaboradwЦ hv all"ob想強 cro“‐単 tOr Parines,μ はtulaF'tO■ddress co圧 lmunけ
devdoPnlcnt nttis SecOnd,inren′ (,ndOns tt crcatuig economに OPP。工uniV dO n。 こ∞me aisiェ igle ttus6:」 1
1aidatives emP埼 ぷ leasl m oF thtt httrvendons simdttncous,Ind劇 ,Creadngも、lshヽes Feq苗 reS
e[れ脚 PeOPle and suPPorur envお amen、.The P確確nCe Of hese mdiPと と、■cls OF n∝ dた wけ mOst
inidaives mttn耗,Very comPtcx dl■ 1】 鮮 PЮ(岱es and dぐPend oれ the mOthttdon and resOurctt oFman/PaFneド
In drcrenぃ vlン ●,these thFCe iCVcds OFhteNenllon hdP to O、・e:∞atte a咆ieり OrbarrieFS tO ttμ mding oc()nomた
。PPOrttntv a10ng Food&bω erage強 lue diains Tl】 aほ ba面es induと よte Poor`払よ OfェPPr()PrJate sに us,
迅 れO10ざ eS,そInd anance,as I′ ellasthdr tteieと CC in desIBahg and夢 蝉 ng b¨ iれヽeS,節 d協よor▲rarencss
Of the ecoa(lmic and busiК tt OPPorに lnidcs ln addお n,su,PoruVe iぃ こtutio4S,rel協 嗣L lafttsrucmk,and
蛹 e“ntles。.the garne'are di ttrζ tt miSSing in the contextl:n whlchぬ γ‖veant wo胞 Bdow,we d魚誕t
∽h in(,cndon s(留岨萌 ■`'hde rct・ ogtt thar〔 hey are aV htcr、Onneoed h Practと
3.l Creadng lnduslve Buslness Modds
Kγ ∞nst誼 n、 〔oとS8■ing and imPよ ementin3 bushess models that hctude the Poo、 Whether心 催mcrsド
dstibutors,or retalers,illdudc thdr ilicxPe■ eno in ttesignintt ind growing bttlnesses and thdr dncdvね
“C`hS ttanctt】とおrthdr oFCmtお パ
3.1,l lnexp前 en∝ 訥OosLttnc and etowlng 811Snesses
lЪc P∞r oRen繍よthe caPabttiV to dttgn and sttw lhSr busittesses to meet the s、 どFew,quahtt quind呼 ,and
Other rcqdFemenS of P(11■ 適pating誌 tと(I Υduc chtts OF ttBcr arali To adds h`蕊 、lttC SFmS arC
aPP1/ing theと こxPertise ro hdP Farmtr、 and sma川 もusiness Partners atceleFarC PFOgFOヽ fOWard Sustainable,
scttcabに models that can creatt enoutth ttatue tO improvc ll、rcs
UPSとream,larals a t tuFnd int。 ∞nPetiti're entcrpiss by」 ittsing knoW“ 士伴On how(o gFOW and
commeridiztt htth‐ quattv crOPs Thヽ c buinsses an exPttd On the basに oF higher PriceS alld mote stab拒
cash at,ws staお uckる ,お r eXarn2に ,上ぉbeen able t。 酔ya 2040%Pr('adum abovelo∝ Ⅲ attainaも le Pices for
quttity cottc in Chiatt ECOM sim‖ arly selる cettind∞偽話rom its,、ェ(,菫 II,abに cclF∝ PrOgrFtin iO S観 脱
Bt a 35 Premlum per btt wi【 h33設 illg tt'groweぉ ェld S2 Ro〔 he locai non― PЮat set uP to hdP Implenient
sus箪 lnれもle tarmin3 PrttmCes
Companiesぶ。守 to share vdue to∝ 慧y Ⅲ hel,ing tO dCStgn and dcvclcP blisb喩 蝸岱負rthcr down the due
chttn.tl=、Ieve、 鮨 ettrlュ Plc,“ taЫ isLed an i,1とependent comPan/tt'Pr∝ 機 AB 4は [in Tan7ユnЙ むd set dP
I(,試 bttin3●〔Ⅲnters whた h emttγ 45 Pcople lnttrestinμ }祐 thと Case,thc∞mpalン goes beyond otting
Promluln,■ C` tO S∝ure SuPPtt l guttnte答 lhat笠〔ne P4∝ untl thc new opetaコ o4re■ 17メ:S ttl ecOれOmieS
oFКなに Mgafiwllte,the comPany`actively scarthing F。 ■s∝。ndatt guarょnteed bu々rs for A3 o護 to inPr()Ve
lOn舒鷲m P10,Pects FOr tht crOP,
Blisl― Mode皓
Btlttd ttman加 翠留驚遷誠繋瑠獣響鱒W
聯 lial“pttBI i ―
Bsunauu賄舶e
●ヽ協iag― o∞p翻 曲On
●FttШ 9,l`ココサr了蝉 艤蛉
●Rese口 FCh hOW O Oげ 〕胡
・ lncaliOo飩r重nttm ar贈
螂 ng
,p― ng Wlh【 ,ぬ声Jnlees
●8t ttnO血齢曲崩 ndLuる
・ 硝脳 篭 聴 ,田 H】 り 説 削 gh臓 峰
●E由―
¨ 櫛
晦 瞳
●Hじ‖shad,協重蝉 seBd
申●Ш
“
B協膊吋m的融 曲れば的画的繭節ばgゅ
●0前競画m韓 樽 蝉gn
ar血1碗 麟 蜘
。爛瑚、,蜘 胡 け 蜘
●衝m曲潮mum尊▼壺闇田臨耐
瀬 輛
●
“
盛電確囲 m世 缶Π螂
11,苗1れe嗚
●Pttenol助出前 l哺′i
9-ぼ 傲組榊
。商 雨m(百 nげⅢ`盛
,d占 ぃ,ユ 蔭
陣 競 鶴 lrd輻 鶴 晦
呻 胡 帷 衝韓腕
軸耐
蝉・螂
斑 的曖OFttt FOOD&9gモ'4∝
SE∝∞h El頭 Ⅲn口 Econmtt Opttn」 nⅢ 10 11 劇EЯO正 OF■モFOOD&穫 誕 RかG〔 銚CTOn h E職 μll■0碓田鰯 お釘騨如罰Ⅲ
D劉 i。ェe Cttmccn鮮邸 cWen ttrthcrけ bulと itt an Cndtt cttn oF buincぃ“
争Om m■ rOャ 亀Hns tO yogurt
Fatt。■es to smdrscale dis〔 ribudon entttPriSes_The venmre、 howeve、 争rtett ch■ lenging etonOmicsi with
wgurt PordOnS SOld at 5 taka(30 07 US)in ordぐ r to bcェ EもrdaЫ c to t()し よcOmmunidcs,11ldc margin is
a、五lablc tc OPctttC'his aray of buslattes Conscqucnti>a dllcnima arttα ls economic oPP。 ■univ be(er
der、,ercd bv coAngiing the Pcor tO Internadond but vOLile marke`that■ 1(lw FOr redた trbuion Of
Sgnざたant、 aluc adti_・ d、 Or bv de、′doPingお tとlmょrkeる ,hたh ttce sutい cOn碇ぬn、ユ
31 2 Lack of Rnan苗 綸g
Akッ obstadc l(〕r軍二ali Famnerti and cntrePretieuri in establisHng and♂ owing dゝ eir buゝ lれも eS tt a lack Of
ac∝欝to inancc C廷 出〔:o anancc ncw acivities。「 tcとn01ogics tt Ьe。打ered dI∝ tty Ьy comPan)Pr。 8健 n】S,
as in the catt Or tll〔 DinOnc Gttecri,れ 】t Venturく ,,oF〔lifOugh PaFineお ,as in the(部 s゛ or Cons(,rvtttion
lntematlonal`ヽたrdt VentureS,EcO10gic Financc,and Calttrt、 which Parncrett with Starbuc(s in fhe
Conser、ration Cottc涎 と甑cc ttch ttmlmdr PrO ・ヽ ding crcdt to缶 moぉ h hdh ttnettc、気
In thc ca置 oT CocⅢCoね Sattco,tht,Internadon工 Finュ ace CorPOration(IFC)、 A晴
`1∞はntt FOr aPPrOPia(
COfPOnt Pこ rmCる lu正・1lst A行たa to drive∝ (no.■ 11こ devdcPれ ,、` nt th!o喝 h small busintt cr、 aヽion through
thelI P`irtnCShiP wih CCS,IFC.I、 ststed esJせ PКned^intere、 1(,d in setttng uP dヽ Fibuticn busingttcs tO
obtain ravorable in、 コcing ror thetr cPcraこ Ons IFCt rOlc was citical ttl en∞ ur、■gitt tOCd bttks tO bこ comc
hЮlvcd ds wel
GOttrnれ ieniS and「?Кぉen〔ative omces oFg!obal mulilateral agencies PIa)イ impor(ant Юles in cO‐ desほ ning
and anancing manァ ini【iat帝 es ln aimOst di cascs Pronted hcre,dcveJoPment insrit■ lions covcr signiicant
μ)roOns Orthc budgc、 UNDl)is anandng 80%o「 the s)m‖ お A budget ttr wOmen h、ィcstOCk Carctakers
in Lkistan,IOr exttnPIe、 and the t)S Agttnfy l(〉 r lnゃrnndonal Dcvこ とOPnent invested S1 2 mittiOIⅢ in
∝Panding thc ConsETvation CofFec Auiante throu8hOut htin Amcrica,in additiOn tO ittuing虫 $4府】111lon
ctenit guarantee to EcO10gic Financc to s∝ ur(:■s loans tO Far:ne、 And the UK`Dcμピ〔meni 10r
ln〔ernitional DeM』 t,Pnlcnt,thC Ncthcdands D■ ve,oPnlen〔 Orttniね tion,、 ind thc Austian sovcmmcnt arc
inhsing Fundsin〔 o UnJevcr(34 mlliOn AB oil Progranl in TュれZania Bcyond financin3,hOWe、 e■ lt is dear
that thestt ЦistitudOis also contribute iegitimaり and vduable suPPOrtinュ lobilizing uェ ニPlcmenting PaFtileFS
and PrOgrin commmnhies Locょ i government insStutiOns PIγ i:れ POrttnt roics on〔 his icvel al,well:億 suing
aPPrOPri´it(!ICenses hosting communiv eng黎蟹枷はent PFO∝ SSes,and tommunicadng prOgress to other
Public ins意 ェ:tions_
32 Building Human and Physicai Capltal
境イhethtt th守 ェfm tO buJd uP suPPters Ofra単 nateid,PIant Operators、 cr dlstributors,all inidat"es∝■ininttl
缶idとをde COnsid↓rable trans(Fr OF skdis,techn01。 gi盛,■nd new点 と,alicing mechanモ ms Ctte studitt strongly
sug(gest that thlsモ a RIndarricntal hrerlendon lt、el
3.2,l Lack of Sk鴻 :占
T重五ng on ho、■=o grow croPs FOF qlldliv`気
nd envirorunent』 s出透nabむ i事 。Pcratc pr∝ 蛉ing Plan6.o「
.ma!】電e dlstribudOn bぃ inttscsさ toluld in eveT Case Fttmrcd intcr(:stinこ 1)〔 h,辻 iv】心Ion Of Lbor bewttll
COmPattiesュ nd N9Эs t not highl1 0「erenSatedょ F thた にveと Nesllさ hぉ irs own agronomた ぃtコdning ttvttrock
CttCtよerS in Paklstan(a tt reaso▲ UNDPも elettcd〔hc compan/asimP'cmendng Pi庶森(:rl,buttCOM,having
韓よ7定d thar k wtt dittcultto work with l()(al sttkeh。 ldeぉ ls a tttding com?」 主y,dctidcd to■Feate a離 工NCO(the A】 latiと d POr tt SOStet】 ibilidid)to tra帝 〕亀rnⅢ ers in s叫tainable cOFFee raH:ling
a22と缶ak of‖ eeded Techndogies
1とh亀010望 〔驚nSえ r is sとュェIJarly P峰 ∬!t in a ntillibCr Or i前 tiativcs,、マtxぐ 〔Iitir proidiag∞ ld chilぉ 10r milk
co■ servariOn,Or PIant ttate工 硝to ro、ich nc、、qualiv stilidRttS in coFFee ProdtК tion Attin,thtte assets can come
fioni vartous sources dther thc cOmPany h番 出■cヽ|(0(hoこ∝hn。 1。餅 Or d P、■r〔ncr NCO sicPs in,as
Cる n、(iervadon intcri】 atお nal ttid with it.ミ PIanl nur、 、crld in Chiapas
3.3 1mproving the Emab:in9 Environment
The prlnciPd barricrs addr(ュ弱ed hcre att conrcxtud:they are mi、 ing Puも tic goOds tlⅢ a[■1low busi島 も6 tO
grow and oper、 lte Tttc dcncis misht b、 rヽou!】 d inじ。acrctc tniastructurd or ilisdtutiond gdPs,in POliし 、
vacuinis,or ifl evcn mOt intingiЫ e ra(10rs stlch as Iocai bdictt indれ 。H二 !さ 村田睛le thert are many waF to
categoお zぐ barflcrs in thc enabting caironnlent、 〔hc cttc sttldics suttSt ttur impo臣 ェ!Ⅲ〔areas to addrこ、sЮ
creatc ctonomと、‐o,Portuni呼
3.印 hwAw了 eneSS of E∞ moin16 0ppOmn置 ねs
Thc S、 t att bdlds a、 ,I・ arenes、 abou〔 ∝ onomた oPPOrninttt and thcも けれentS Of changng PほcStcs,S∝ i』
mobll,1■ Ho■ 〔0ふ S(.‖ "the PЮ ietS apPcaる I。 もc a sh」 od Ю に acrOss scctoお ,CヽrCn f COm,antt treqtiellll、 'もuJd
On ihe CFCdlb五 与ィofttCOs,lo(al gぃ官 nmens,aュ】d鶴 9】lγ ttPrcscnEよ tio藝 〔o PubliCzt,ェ
=ld CnCouragc Prograns
Undever h`is fclled On a nIImbcr oFNCOs to cFttte l aヽHncrPIodu∝ r grouPs that build awttnt:os itst,and then
skl選ミMBM」 ler」遣CFgiutt Pr。8mi岱〔abitthcd cenにお1li thrttふ dc`or ttlttthan to mOunt PuЫ たiV
∞mP五 8ns t朝鮮ted at ba工 γ arfiies Jttut the POtttltと1偽r grOwing a Hghe■部越e crOp DanOnt Gramttn
l)。nents Fmm thtt cOnsiderabit aura Or Cranieeil.A,ld tht〔 rusl k ganetttes tun()ng thc lx,。おtO moも 議17e
commun■魅 to,oln itS agド busintt Rcliancc`ainbilon to niakc Rurd BushOtt Hubsinto cen【 trs s読 dad喝
a群(dturェ l PrOd(Ict~ Ivin hd五 億bistt on a(lded servlc零 〔otr:4erS.■、とPul忠Ⅲt(ha市 sni FOr mOb‖ tИdon
Th゛ 甑 Ond ar、 :a to nddr(:ss ts theぷ毯abdiげ and llr(lngth oF 10cal instimEiOnS,s、どch as ttrm grO判 藤・〔o
。藍hcstttte neccsttFy edutadond,Snttncinl.。 rinnttcSon ProCa、 stt This t`itegoり CFinterven〔 おns e、 en t,xtends
mOre bЮ adly to 9鶴endal cttnmuniv inSi`“
市on`i suth``Ы Jを l〕()K Wllether is cooド raiV弱 ,duに よ` Onal centers,
or radlng houses、 building new∝ ntcrs cF cco金 omた aCtivit、 is d PaHcrn visible in dmost au cxani,les
コモRO軽 OF ttE FOOD S“ 崎脚I SECTORぬ EAr′ andng E∞ loいおCttull,15 lo 11:ROLE OF T,こ FOOD患 隠 雪釈モ譴研OR h&,a10 fI】 巨μ閉 籠OppoAぃ 位
3.3.30師 ciencv of in備 競ucil礎
Ttt duHJ,thougli態 に、能qucndy議軽 cd area)tcuch岱 on he hfrastructure nteded to coよ ett Or tttnsPort
gOOds ttBMttcr a工 die Muritと Foundation,in PardleltO wOttng with tュ rmers,are suPP。 14埓 a neWOrt
OF Over 70 s∝ id ettrepreneurs in tar鮮 世d Fattn conimun■ ics Thcse individuals Fun PrOlく S` tar工 ng FOndS、
■10ヽAねg ior bcttcr innsPor〔 ュdon ofPFOduCC or P,Piれ 懲tr9、ミ〔ed water to宙 uages starb〔 Icks COnservaこon Cotte
対11そtlice■sO nOtedふ at、‐ooPem直 、′es` nぶOund、 vealth tts hi Part deditatFd to rePainng Юaふ and mよ ing
〔hem m。礎ratnl■ 1ほiるant Such Prol∝ ts ttr、'e∞mmuniv蛭市胡jtt Lcyond cotte Armhg
Las↓ a chd(』 area loF the ttOd ёf be、rett S∝ tO` 群Ven iS SCnsidⅥ v ibOut RЮd saFcv and traccabnⅢ ,ぃ to
resear(「h and畿確 loP s(ldぷ and envroamcnttl sモ枷 dards rOュ P,Vt。 |。Od prodticdon IInd PI∝ 鶴 れg“nd
亜らrtc th“ o、hioutt varお ぃ∝rdatartton stllemeま h Uttlc、 er`work oa AB ol,a跳 龍 COttcttaicn Unおn
(IUCN)cvaluatと。■dertalned tl】 at AB OI PrOd、lcrit}れ たenirOamcntal,iOund and s()● itty equi=aЫ e,andせ】e
goヽ crnmenぃ sPonsOttd Tan4ntt FOrcst Rcscarch lnstitutc C邑 ざORI)t(10rdlnared rcsearch dmin8と o develoP
とn dPPrOP五 盆【e domも 【icauon stm噂 上or thc nc、、′cr(lP
4 1 Future Opportunities
・nie con,とnies alid cse stttdlcs la thヽ RPO鷲 are ta:ェ ξЫe ma討先uat:。 岱 。fthc POweF OfbuSn岱 〔。∞ niibilに
lo gains in PЮspe■事 whlo PЮ 蛉 帝eV dinain`hhg he adttrse imPacts of et()nOmic gЮ vth on the
cniЮaniuit A盈譴鰤ュcntal qwtton rcndas,howc、・eh when∞ nsidミヽrtt thc vdsl nunも cr ofP∞Pに L悦 ng in
Fミrv a:'d the ttte at which huni、 ぃiv`consuming natural sOuEttt how tuictty tan sutt,c:.、 stO工 ヽ be scaled
uP atFOヽ =響nS and industdesユ In fhc sPIir oFω ttanding best PraCこ 盛 h the愚鷲 &bcvertte ttt。 W`eO付ヽ`r
ave h摯譴体nts,araOng otllcs ce五 五n募 、ャhたh Ш be∞ nSdt,rtxl:
1菫解七認鞘t智礁駕:輩Ч揉:i鶏資叩pO血 ln町 にno1 0nv about acce鶴
ねoducatm,techn(lio91aS,attd ms、 、′ei Ciへ、grOヽ お喀詞 cPcriting blis輛唸N aciiti“ 亀a ctttrd
lnancelbm ahO abOut aware陣 § comPOnent OFfhe cai、 長4■urCd一 even the dominalit onc,as in thc casc of
DanOne Gmm∝ れBut wilell dgt'ing with Poor cOInmunities,it is eidcnl
pOsslbl‖ty Of change,companねs 〔liat crON、磁 tor,armcrS ttC essendalas wdl bcn Danonc Gr`tni〔・ ea relにs
珀Ve muchto uam常om mOn_pr面磁 ol】 dⅢ eにgthiatt ofille Ctob■ 赳han∝ FOrlmPttdNutition(GttN)〔 o
and pHttic ln餡 舶 lねnsP FCSO工 質h indヤ 』ヽidate thc ndtrid。"ユ
も、・nca〔s oFiぃ PrOducts to chitdrt・ n、
3e(】aus(: exPanding ∝oliomic 。,Portuniv 低 れ01 0れ ly abCul 革cess to
配uぬIIon,tethndo81CS,and fhancc,but■ sc abou〔 が‖rcn岱 oF OP,Ortutttlcs and bclleFin he Po“ lbdiv of
changヽ`:。
IIIPantes httve much〔6 gainも /Pttnering wtth non‐ PrOats and Pubttc insdtudons The n∝ d for
Par越に t inに 匈 ぐntiO:It,10d岱強P and 3Ю wv busmettes.bu‖ d tommunki6` attets and o■ μ b薇ljes,and in,t()v住
亜 abhng onⅥ roAmenS飩 8gesh thar collaboradvc aPPFOaChes art h Fact OPdm』
2黙 監黒 瑠 題 赳 監逮 試 ∬ 試 量 魚駕 毬 琴∴ 跳 乱 :穐寵 駐茸 慧 .
PIa/s a cenrd folt・ in a numbcr oF cas(。 s This ttndlng diows FOr tlle Progr【 'SSiwe、t」←up oFb咀、in… 轟JOddS
wユ1,ch mT on1/yield cOmpedtivせ rcturns t6 ParddPating compaf】 ies'伸 the rOng terin Btta転・,e the RЮ d&be、 er軽、e scCtOr can aこ こも bo〔h∝Ononゝ と、dc、・e10pmOnt alldぬ 胡FOれ颯Cn越 工gendぉ,ttteir inidat~
“tニュ髄P
in【car舶襲 ofbu等、剥】i(Ⅲ ng PuЫ たand Pivate dOnos When coれ Frondれ g the10n=temi∝ 。nom■ rにdiiも
Offiェ any o「 th(|‐・ PЮ,eCtS,COmと うよatt Should tatt tx,n】 tOrtin thc ttct dlat signiScant aぃ oはnts ofPati曽 】t caPital
aPPⅢr tO bC attutable fol those、 ■1市 ng to tと ke the le▲ d and c。 1labor.■ te、
3盤 靴 瑠 跳 報 ご t譜聰
tu解誌 慧 批 祗 輩 u趙 琺 憩 罵 逮
COmPantes Pay Prcnliums Over market Pお c鶴 PヽCriOd島えrattt,s the questioR OF wiゝュt wodd haPPen Sh(〕 uld
market Prた 岱PIuniniet As thett is aOt μt a前 der m貰ket ttF AB oa,U苗 Iwer goes hrrlit,r by gllar.In【eeitt a
Pite und1 2012 whitel∞ 越ng lo【 oモhet bu、 ers fOr the crOμ ECOM inves6 sotx(i reSOurs to redtice gЮ Wcfゞ
dependcnγ On、‐()ree(1(Jr(ェ it剋 :えPに ,呼 と、モdng thetn tO divesil intC rtsh創 】d Podtr/),W情 に Nesdこ fOcuies
on a modcl-lⅥ、loct Carc― that(1よ c,1。 b・ 611ong tem vduに ,f襲,rdl岱 of malkcF d4amics,心 loag as
¬に,0とこOF Tド EFOOD 8 8gv Pム GE ttCヤ Oη ぬE、っa′ dnO〔mmに 0()が 圧付 1' 18 ilに ROE OF I1lE FOOD&BE(部 浴:離CTOR h翫十七痢10こ∝Ix河佗C,,即 |も劇V
、イ(lmen tte eqdiPPed t・ nd traind tO serve Sarnie、 Dandte Crant.en is buttding a setisttstalning inodd from
rhe ouぃ ei knowng hatthe∝OnOmics oF〔 he Ⅵnturc wll be chadenging atieast und somele、 cl OFs』 e and
(丼(Pettenceと athttd
S∝ond,眺∝破 tl,c ttd&be、 erage s∝ めrに ∞ deepけ ∞ nneCttt Ю he敵 o oFna〔 Iral螂ollrc岱 ,αPanれ nむo
CCCl■OmlC OpPoFHInir BO・ haJid h ttndwi【 h en● rて linen〔 工飩 stanお五学 ■ 1韓 、V〔準解 IIdaさ wШ be:ncreash"
丼iterrdュ ted in t(:rms● fttahng uP FOOd ProduaJon and ach詫ドing群脳 `、′alucs"Pi(es in intemadonal mば悠
The numも er oFc』 se smtとes which Fe1/On en悦 ,Onment41 rettrch and優むdelintt toま 賞 the COndidolls lor creadag
ccclnoHuc oPPoFtmt甲 番Srkねζ.Thtt dlldiv slⅢ Oldd be exPlo起 h Plaru】 hg ne、■i五dとovヽ
4批儲 継!獄駕照4熟穐翠私よ浮路部 患脇脇:
sde h markc■ with high P(ュ rhasing,ω (i such as uFbaII Centett or o【 her co(inries The secOnd X to bund
locd v』 ue thttns胡遺un turd and I(,wincoalc coHlmunitt thcrぃ selvcs ttPccid,rcombmed with a uniquc
branding stttttty art und・ PrO― pt,orⅢ ,「Odute,Sgnincan〔 Premiums Oin be Pald viと he ntst stratett tO P。 (〉r
Produ∝ rs,、、・hch tar inⅥ ぉt thc addidond incO11lc in bushe、、gro、てh md diversiac4tiOn樹"rni。
ぐd HlodeL
arc dc、 c10Pcd,moFe iobG H18h〔 be suPP。超 ,も ut Onty in tt con〔 ex〔 oF 10caI Pict、 and wttcs which l宝 lvcs
httle[∞ m Iorincoftt red,sthbuSOn dOng the vttue chttn The dePh Ofrtiscarth OFthX Pュ per cAanOt P。 1れ 〔tO
thC SupFeniaり Ofonta,PFOaCJ】 in temsoF〔Oml∝ OnOmic oPPormnity Potentid'■ dmplゥ su器頭Sach。たc For
しOmPanics s(:cking〔o cxPand∝ oぉ onilc oPPOrtu!11lV Are co!■ munides Ьest Ordepending on signl健 ant sl10rぃ
[etm,but PcthaPs▼ Ja〔ilt,hc(lmc g正ns,Or bdding io(al buミ I〕 く淋∝ tOr 10cd∞nsume、 that口■/orcrenhュ :】 ced lじ nttterm tttenti』 ?
S Case pЮ fites
5 1 STARBuCKS ANO THE CONSERVA¶ ON COFFEE ALA,lCE
5 2 NES■亡ANO UNDp IN PAKISTAN
S3REと lANCと
5(4 SA8MILER CARGl牡 んHD ttE MORttKA FOUNDA■ ON
5 5 UNlと こVttR AN8 PRO」 ECT NOVELA
S6DAlNONE GRAMEEN
5 7 ECOM
8 8 80CA‐ 00LA SABCO
21
31
36
27
33
`■ ll口 idamemal quesil□ l:emalns,
howOVeh whan consideinO the vast 500Sttnh9 1or scatt and ttpに a鍾 oに The ilidat゛ es doこ■lmented heFe Sha確
at】 inlportil】 t then再α their ambにiOn`tO ttach vど st nunibers oFPeOpte
nunber or pttpttIMttB m povetty 前th thdr tte〔 ‐aIId caFょ bhv‐ hu』ding ntcA't` 1ユdOnS SШ btt h益 山車d~・
att the ra:e at whI備 h manけ る inc閣磁di6 sと PPty base in Chia:】 aslrOm s~ o to Sx∞oPcrAttVeS ttd Brown
むOnSumlng matral resalttes:how thぐ n“mber oF PattiCiPating ttrmcrs from 300 1(li、 000 Thc progmm has
q』 ckly can s〔冊cess s位れS bO 』Ю exPandCd to Pcru,COlumbia,Costa Rた と,and Pan`ininくうver a μttrint。
scalod up acFOSS fealors and !ts Progr、 ■ni wih UNDPinl)aklsta:再 ,NesI10 has」 =斡 :rュ Intd 81111 womc:主 〉
industttes?" and will increasc that numbcr t0 4,000 within three、 ぐars Each wOinaliに
よFt'adヽレmming an ave単 解Of餡 2a mon占 ,an inしてme that wは 1ぐondnue r。
be trac賃 (d Over ime_.SABMiller and(夕 ご写報〔PЮgr`■mcはFendy wOrtt with∝ er 2,40(l LrnieFS 3Ю Wing nglⅢ eト
碑 dc barlッ 調.¬d dE`〔oRょ ch 3、 000 ECOM ceriSed Ovcr 500 coRtヾ PrOducc、 Ⅲ m赳 -2007 and tattets
anOthCF 750 1or rhc=omhgナ 孤 G∝ a‐ Cota S▲bcOζ MDC mOdcl sttrtcd in I(cn牌 モB(,w bcttt roは 配 oul
征rOss Last A舌 |。`land ttitt Tht aexibihv oFthe MDC modd makesit e`■ Sty轍祐ホle ind adaprabie〔o local
condltions Four)嘲 S Snte tt was concψ tualiztd and hPtcmentcd,ninc o〔 her countries(Ugnda,TalⅢォ郎」a)
1ヽ4。瓢善ibiquc,N」 置ha.EthcPia)Siと なnkよ,Nep■ ,C,lHェ bodi■,mdヽアieLnam)llave succ、 4dly imPに ocntcd
it ln lel,liCと dOn h∝ a萌tal inttcnt iO crcate∝ onomた oPportuniv on a Vast stte,and One that shOull
盗 ona〔c転 rh targe ccmPaJliCS'tradidonal aPPrOathCS tO(壷 ng、vha〔 中 撫 h¬ One m釘 蛭 F and thcn sharing the
tOrnifig on a glob』 箕 dc_
れモRO■ OFイH:FOOD&8Ⅳ gttGF sECЮ R m巨即 dng Elメ 〕嘲 聴Opp慄コty 19 201離 欄どOF T腫 Fl10D&出 8曲離餞C uЯ 市=J騨ol肖 監漸m俺 蜘m顔 Ⅲ
al〔耳ARBU9く SANDT1lE CONSERVA覇 ON COttEEAШ ANCE
Sta‖ ‖叡馬Consewa」詢 lnt“ naton胡 :UsAID and Ve耐 けVettwTes broucht toり eher a set of asseL and capaЫ !饂es to
的 nstom∞ ree prOdlぉ uon lぃ cwapas,Mo測 cは Ttt festtlte ale enhanced uveuhOoos tor cotee gH,wers.protecuo■ of the
blodII′膵 ity o'衝 o re91● n lhHlugh stisiainatte agFiCul障 al praぬ oes,aれ daS,“lalⅢ premiwm coree fO,sttbud〔 s
BaCkarOund ■こCttserva題 on coree州 ‖arce、 a coHaわ o慧
"e,fo■
おlwreatt the suppげ Of qudiv∞ Fec h ways
thi protectfo'FStゆ 001VerЫ v and proMdes new h∞ he streams to pamspぶ InO ta向いerS Tho mttau確
st増 他din the E,Tr unfo reserve in Chiapas,Mex∞ ,in 1998 and ttd expanded to Perと ,ColombiaI Costa
RIぬ ,and Penana by 2004 Slanucる ,tOQener with amance pamer6 including Gonserva群 on internationat,
飾e US Agefx,y fo「 miettlattond D9瞬 陣コ用ent他削 Dl,and verdeヽ′モ〉nlures′ brou9H toOdhel a set of assas
an_capattmes o(「 ansformね ∞I∞守ee producttn and prowに e new speOav and prenttm∞ ree ttr
Sl■ Oucる イhe inniauve aHowed slx larm cooperauves in chiapas to i「 iptt elnpl叫 Πient ano,コ cttase lam
Thお case study rocuses on he C‖ apas reび on and heimpact ofthe nttas′ e on ine econOnio rabr c。 ,
1れ e Chttpas communttes■ le prolect expenenced tto mttor phase舒 的m19982004,actrviHes locused
on mplefnenla衛 l,r and s∞ te‐up ofれc inlめ 頌ve Since 2004,emphasis has been on lnslltuJ(lnaHユ ng the
moJe1 6y transitlonino fromこ onaton ol servxles to a cost"oo晴 ry mOoe n w‖ cr larmers pticha,e
adコtional s籍 ‖s and tcchndo9y t「 ansttf us nO f」 ぃdsヤom new premium coftee satts
Motvauon れi ne wtth ils mteg「 att approach to corp。 「ate§っOJ responuЫ 1ly,1卜 儘山鶯alwe 91ゃ s slarbucks an
Opttltun tyわ strengthen sじ p∬ y∞ nd綱 ons by sttb贈 湧o9access t(。「o莉随m crop.Inproヽ ′e the
enttronmenlat and soctalimpacts o(Rs supp,y chain,and brand the new coFee suppげ on the basis oI
ongn 3ecauS,叡 arぃぃks emphasttes prenttn co鷲 oe and liaceaunⅢ,nvesting n spec i c regぃ ns
WhL` h Can naturany ofler quahⅢ beans僣 o[long ternⅢ stal,9ic impolFdi,ce for tho company
Wtt a ttcも re dneHOF麹 ,o&op to susla n the c常ot ConSe,、 all(Il nter確 想ord(Cり ,Wh Ch lrst approached
観譲剛溢 aDoll,iヽ ∞膵elwauoゃ pracl峰岱れ9ene刺 .uses lれ e州 1ほ n∝ o lulttler tt nisslonる pЮttt
01確 ゆ§灯and pre、 ent o燃載oはミヽイtclOnれ Юutt uash‐and‐0口m pF劇∝s lhe prol競 ぶヽso a前獄釦r社前
嘲 D es tt pr〔 vides a sttleade modet addtting ts Bgenda lo promole suslainaue,■ ■ring pF2CttCes Verde
vemtts,a un‖ c10,試 or9 v‖ h Cal■ en and Ecdogに 日nan∝.sup,o成 lΥ nl斜u anandnO th「 ough 6樹「げeごt
anこ loap流‖les
Actlvttl婚 Tht case ottmpお centers on an mcttsve buS ness n,oc91 m micr starbぃ る劇割Ices coF∝ beans from pool
co'Be groners m cttapas ro strenalnen d`moder Star。 枷cks has de′ e opeo ntt susttinaue co“ 韓OЮwmO
sけ Oards― the Coftt ang ttlnlel Equiv or C A FE PI霞 Oces「c impttmert h∝ ミe観‐ndardsl the pa枯
‐e齢 ip
hasbじ且human caぼta by ore粛 n9範れ前cat公 ,並 ncc toし o,ce 9fo■ e「s9聰s,fismmelヽ ta m睫ゅing
鰤 ∝ks lo Se、 ′e op憮幾 gu憩】ぬes and to∬ ol diem h Chttpas wtth(嗣 f fo守∝億mhoc∞ peraFves
S区登nC Chanぃ h ne(klppv cれ 創n and ttppげ C(nd員 おns fo「 coree Dr∝ ured m tttanas門 ,pursued They
mむ」de apttlng nev′ proGttOn ttmO,ゴds,bЫ 日帽お∽ 田 にhrotH,h tah軸 ,impr(Ⅳ ng a∝螂 とinan∝ ,and
b確蘭lnO the product as sttde→「【′n coree w Slaぉ ucl(s h adduon o,nandav l「 ,● sang tt lhe p「。。「anう oい
0「ctly anO前 oughヽそlむe wen晰蛉.醜 lbucks'orealest eontr bt,lon has o∝ n o sOralks comn iJrent o
puttas,qu』 呼cOllee prosutt h ne ttЮ n,and o mml mttpomise Wい 帥「
moteashO upia聴 説 fburにs.
ettl gr岬 o m mex∞ ,One ol tt laskttt‐ exttndf O ma‖ o峙 特』馘 prov(Fng a dtt channtt for増 ie cl常oe
的ョCttapas〔 創 ot he nfe、 ,d co賃ee sen edれ SuuSG cares h Me瀬 ∞にor(Wn do螂 Oca,v
Futted by髄 1)もctt and u§咄 ,d naぅ oeenれ e prncりがdf,Vertt he progttm on“ eaЮuるO An inponant
S峰 け益 t。 岱iabltth the Ctt FE PFttC態 螂 whtth,among ol購 enMfonmenlat enlo a,nttu麓 ,c「暫icaす on al
sha」e canoつ ,os fo「 a10・Ⅵ¬g colet CI ttsteoれ devettp 19 mese sと nda「 ds by∞ nsuttnO w lh a brOad range ol
sEeho,ders CI has」 飩Ⅲo畑 、l lh Farlrers o ap餌 ッ備 sianda,os o meet St′unntt a∞「essive pЮ du劇顔
協1甲`d asoin、 esに d30 3 mmloぃ 。1に 。、wn h無 (OFtteen 1990 an0 211041 S聰
“
)t cК s∞mml薗 m∝ nan
ψ nttlon o ⅢЮ panaersh峰 ,and ltted af orer$25m胡 On to Veκ tt VenttresI$7 mmion lo Eco o9に 劇nance,
and Si ntton to l,c釦℃,FOundaれ(nイ崇oseヴ 9a′Π堕むons働 ′どnt he Fun〔 k、 よarOrdaゎ 障「ates,er,a観 ね9
衛ne「sto α刈,r trJュ l「 常nandai nceds unttt ha■ ett ano to rvtt in produdttn lmpro,1,Inents蝸 叫O arstinvesteo
011れ l猟 てHュ 簿suppO魔 9い Chょapas and l“ m anohu s1 2 mlIOn脩 ゅりand the測 ,逸n∝ 肺ou9hout ttdn
A■ioいcn The agency ttso prolx】 90$4m‖ lo「 hヽ creo世 gua「a試破soこ∞o9に Anance
8`ァ2004,鼠 胡Ы"ks had ttr馘
oy,xc∝ фd many oFi`tageis h舗 ∬yatt me ωmttyoa虫 J farnie s an average
oF Si畑 弾「pound ol gゃ en∞,ee The avettge pnce on the New狗は℃・ market h lれ よvtt waS SO′ O per
Oound日 o′,vet ttrも 、樹(s cons oers mo命 OSIImpo範 rt meret。 確 Hie premttn pe d lo9o ly“ 貰備 prenttm
o、o「 he mterllalonal plお 9 0n ttuagel ne company was paying a 20 40%ぃ o礎 tntt wha ttHnes woJ超 乾、e
ゅel,od hao they so知 わC創り肺 ad起 」ona bener oithe programに oat mpelattvtt now nave enOllan v。 旧ne
o oe sup脚 峰嗚oi tto腱 Fron絋o∞ nta ners Of∞磁 p」輸心ed担すれ■e vears h的 強O pttn蜘 ,髄lx偽
nowま刈『∞s mo「e than 60 cont惑 れ鶴 annualy「 om tte regk〉 r.or epplo,t耐 証ey2 mmわ n pnunds annDaV
かdd憎 o ialげ 3,000れ 礎拡「es oF魃うO are mamttmed under sv詭 備atte besl praい ∝器for。 。nser、ねOOn∞確e
CI has∞ 瞳割 ∞nstteratte ew den∞ reOarttng tte broaderimpact ofthe program on∞ mmutttes― 飾oッ have
di髄 o“red access to mucau。 1ュ h公 ulowい Sa lifcantry one Ol the coo日 ,dlКおuseO ils st,催 S hCOrne t。 。pen
an帥 霊hooね vttde p御脱韻y‐ untiva皓 胡e edす oぉ tЮn h g嗣∝脆 れЮttoh ttna ttelily血誨 has
市や10ヽ0衛 ,and pa・ hc μmnO ttmu画鷺孫 ha、,む、o簡 nes holば 割おうoソona∞ ree Fuにher“re roads ttve
been improveo ov addng 9ravetto slau‖ ,e sard cOve「 which pttSy washed away ea§ v undet ra n,ah
下ne nttat,9穂 sb(,9n a oreat su∝ e雨 謝on016 pHmav o輔 ect朧埒一10 ra se pr′oOud(“l ews航 印檜mlum
cottee,創 おw10「 楠∝ab‖町研pィodutt httm謝 Ⅲ ⅢOI S'arOl“ 〕ks,pЮ 磁 腫 en胡 Rrme咸 ,前 crea憎 ∞OnOm確
OppOrttnivAlつ dd祀ばぬl benent l。 ,sla`bucks waslne opp。 試uttv to怖す。duce to he r ct slor幡 ドa new coflee
w ui enttЮ nfnl lモat attr butes,帥 副o GRVIn Mは to,w卜鶯n tt n(,サィれ,dud調 怖the comttl]yヽ ∞re‖ no‐呻n
reQ、lね r and oecal waHetteミ WhHe de m贈 曲enas hupeo rettlo「 oe ne reputa」。ぃo「 Stalbucks as a sodav
fespons的 19∞mttx,特 n。(dea whehiは has edお れcrttN調 範16イJ dfftrenttuor h tte narkelp ace
Consuniers説師 lo appreo旧 le Sla「 butts∞ n"m lo「 超le ewmalent,but diey appeっ 「sltt to maxe pu■ いattrtO
d∝におぃs on treゎ a§s olettung pattunっ and tl、 ,"persontt tasle lof・ a pe碓載cup・
Impact
LOSSons
Ttt R(I OFttE F00D&B尉 印鼈〔碇CrORれ tl,und49的拗m蔭 仰弾山nly 2i 22 TttE ROLE OFイ 確 FOOD&日釦寧PA,E係 帥9R h息脚jtt H潮∞ 鷲OPa91」 n呼
52NttAND UNDPIN PAiCSTAN
‖emo Pakls協 ■ua tt pamettd vlth UN,P‐ PaHstan to imptement a gender ttppon,FOuraln prcⅥ 強Ing mfal wolnen in thepunlaⅢ
pro胡nce wl飾 境Ittng ln ilttζ od〔 management an6凹は〔lver iれ ree ttК、thlS,【0観ran wm create a cadre ol■ 0∞
vomenltvesbck w〔暉Hヨ IS Who oan del帝 o「 pnma,HYぃ tock manageI:lent pFOdWCtton,and extenston settces,eaming up Ro
S12 a nion衝
Backgiound N∝St O`解 曲団苗静Wa ne∪ nted ttd"s Dovelopmeni P「 o9確mme、R,ND9 1o deVettp a FF,CSmCk nlnage rttnl
ヤお¬れg progfaT l。「wo■(I Ol he ruttab plび
“nce m P′a臨餡nぉ an examp睦 o a puЫ tt wュ ale pnRnthshぃ to
mI々癒 h(H an cao2av■ E hidattY9に a parl σ 引ЧDP`g(H】 der spp。強
`FOgraT籠
師ng aるoA ttfrmuttv
醜D01,ernentれ 卿gh贖報承 Oeヽ●opttnl&Cledl旺 OAOれe CtLDAC pro韓 was desttnedも ィUヽD9
up〔コreqtほ試ofttt Go、 emment of paktttan,a´起恣ex,∝団 lo,un lorれは yttaド (2∞ 7‐ 2Ы的)
Modwatcn 爛 甲盟ne ca h(aれ 【re,NeSdO嗚 的側s協n`argtt conttn'げ 仰 ぬ oompaw wtれ saies oi no「 e han olF割拗
環ゝ峯on he ωmptty岱練rド益 枷麒a船‖ol peoptt earn theF tW'咽 的Πi腱esuO h Pa鷺韓‐綸 n eHlpoし ,es.
燃men,and d翻 oこ綺6 1o Sup∬ ゃお,詭 ,Spon c。 ぃ籐nに、つfd a】'ale,s Saω
Neste sttted h、 eも■,】 gれ Paktttan
18牌蛉 agi ne∞ mpany tts e並い,甑劇`e counり
lヽarOest mlk∞ 樹“的n netャ、ヽ)rk剛,Nestお ∞ ects mHk
trm 140.000餡 Hners n Plttab、 1オ。,益 a resu鷲.I領 o中eo峙r(Iイ F1211 m lx)n pet"ar d折 ∝lv岳つm備 9釧コpany
N国 O h act、ゃvettageolna nunヽ晴 ol mu組 ,】ly確¬。lcl齢 pa付冒前ゅs wRhいm sup∬ k,IS.es utt slp∬燈「s
aィ o司 nd the、vond
h脅磁 Nesle載 単pa練 1に ∞H憩 (Il svslern lor larm回、柿Pa鶴餡n anS pЮい∝alhen w甑 飩opo直 せ、rO」ぃ甑e
ω喜瑠wrs aq4飩 tLね1望劇Ces dv鶯 on Thtt progran tteased tt qtぶ 呼。la・繭麒o時.呻碇訥g tt sunI,髄 lll′
ingw割 前k qua灯「(r ttesltt J、 l bello,mtre sc(HJQ I噂
'臨
ね「ば撤mes'「aml諭 s Thttgれ れるexl,erience,
Ntt10 1eaコ eヽoれ attam細 鞭 s vtt mtt carecFo「 b,M引ねen,齢 oo面 堕c爛 ぬ蜘 れ‖vぃ破k
mlョ 則emmt Fltter,Io「 けOe醐碗ヤeに Antt can tts,『nted m RFa aI藝 .螂tattmtt dd nolr9掟瞳dmev
vttm銀,ぃ胡dngれ aは ,f mtte 10rtte ttmiv隣 200S.市 an o「σl tt aoo・ ess∞ nic of mese ch』 にnges,
N∝距Pa削裁朋m範郎 an鉛粛(k ttre能劇∝spィo9,anl forttmぬ w猟 oい Inetlx!ed a suo引航想S(n ru「 a Fema燈
山"わ
僚ettens航 山lrersれ嗚飩blは ,prouded suppo「 l and edu∞拍on to fと 口Iwmぃ い蜘 ed ml「 t,帥 (H(
0∽ op「 iett a′id取置響merl UNDP hsp tt b′ lne帥祭 ot htt pDqram n,(1」 曲蘭 Nest e's parttct臣衝on m
ine■[L助郎9 inttat、ゃ
Acdudes 11慟P儘 廿le CEE湘3い悪お、e`画卿 0(】10i naⅥ 咆餌ed9ed tt mll膀 o、er a nre9 yea「 peお oO UNDP ttsa碗
盛 ponttbtt fげ nt´なp匈輝■ceЫ gぃ.and敵ぬ、es b prov oeげ x,o「 9m(Il滝 o市 na rd mana∞ mmtsupっ ol wtten
強,lopmg tt h臨籠 .酬 DP leco9ntts the T,yЮ 的れd帥的ers cot側 ∬ayれ 低 bnO tttmヽ s脱購競1好 n
dα tり ng prosp9。■ve凹向礎Is,し NDP Iooked lor c(r¬ pa耐蛉natwere dreaむy erg響 弱wlh A fal pOpdaこ(rts aィ i0
hat々
"ne瞼鞭ry tFCnnH,am研 9嘘 n憶的n卿網v metttぬ heる は随geoう y a pint期 的P‐ lles1 0 P刺 敵
1ヽ割 emerlt ttti Ⅲれ1輸 範s tidepelュ dent oF【】es accoun岱 ,ang s憾付.仙趙るol↓ やO by UNOP
Ntte aイ、d Elo「 o FoXs Ltd,a∝ a Paκ曲耐∞mpa,y詢げe tten`れ9o公 stono p、つten的 l panrtts Ohk,n diO「
ex,フ・len∞ !′ 飾hel∝anュ`″FI NestO Pattsta l`,1(w uN〕 Ps pr〔Ject inげ 鰤entaる m伸「い0「 衛」ie plalab
p「o引 nte h嗣れon lo p硼樋h9$200,蜘 れg「とntsuppm and$800、 lll10 n klnd.lhe∞mpa叫`』
so α狛色iou】蠅
岬 硫関 ミance from ttes樹 蜘 nct iHl織 雌 att Nesttt pattla「 EllgЮ F∞asる 」NDPる lmp帝繭 t咆
patter tt he sndi rroⅥ nce rhe un~ els好 ol lretコ nar)饒齢cosい ,atts曲 蒔nd∬ ng dsk,。p ctrncumm釘 相
∞mcaⅢ On 10rthe ta p tt p噸 ぬコ
れこGEと動に p「d∝ lamstO ach e、 ,柿ゎ朧ゃfo球力飩ぬ:
')TO C聰博a∝↓c oF4,0〔 X)ヽ
.om9nl"esl∝ k,,す「9rsれ lhにe years,蘭‖0弛'heV cap征
1)o d9,ver pr m切
tw岱献 maiagement,acau転 Юn and emefミ m se前"軒
and
21 すo generate incme and em麟 o子nietnt For aうOut 4,Of00 po(FヽeStO日 (れol髄 れo蔭 lお rougn me prOMson of
丁o aCttett hesa goaに ,輸 蕪力SaЮ σゝn a monui引 on91 harason trar`的 膀ゎasに anma nealhttЮ
れつ朧hm9,de障ered by tth前 ca e′ ,e益`devebps四期dparに SI ablly綸 oЫ世ばっ消nary脱 岱競k mana∞ me耐「p鸞れCIЮr,and extenslぃ 欄ヽ ces On∝ ranea pr。 。ratt aradualぉ 訂oσ、en a mt∝ lliprised ol me(「 強|
1膊的F凛命iS neo確 hes and、 1,cc薇岱to確 uied怖「
oヤ 4uture a韓 蜘膝対l trattnO p「 ∞強mo・ aOua酪 莉セ
oxpectt to be setrempttω l心 輛maed臓 いey前‖ean Rsl∞ …3101$1鉤 ‐300U9persm cepA,`lded O創 にntt m AlraI,1剣 es
晰‖e lhe cttDAC p「「切∝tivas onり r∝ er守 lm,lle i、 ,llted l ltts d「 eady ttned仔 額H〕¬れぬtett ωv 8∞ 的いen
naマ e becn範 i`19o調 ∞・11“ ar伐「pasЫ n。 ∞mが eる on懃益 dαveoっ 9o by meし nhヽ ,「sv ol聰 卸確v SCences
柄ore'い 1とぅ″0悦 ot pHttrani ttduntes aЮ dleaoノ 櫛 ablshed as ndependent e耐 轡ene“Is,duieras w麟虚k
Aoven perOmュ ing aopro潤 陣日yISわas c」打hェ副neah mBモ agettrt acl胡 o公 韓r monlh,Intt hHll attme0
,el朝観的嗚 oras Ы 11日 廻け rttaに 0わuNn鵡 omelsthlco wか 1` e ttsinO随,cttt mlk働 鵡ersば a,,md fttd
β=0悧て博rs he avl,「 aOe ttase m ttinHソ mcOlne tts bem an,ωdP4笛v Rs 2,S(10 per mmm tr$421tt Afma
evaぃatx〕nd廿ェ9 praett胡 ‖be lど r,(博 lttrこ :n uv e田 o塞 l17
W‖購o耐,atゃ ry smⅢ quanJサ 。I mlkに こ0 0 bact(籠 聰su台 好the■。ner,anea n u,e prOg anぃ 。company
haS gEnenied goo(1潮 市詭 9o白‐`untt as aゃ馘R J hepr∞ 陀mM()o tan9む 購bu創慰濁 Oenents are noi
餌ドЫec h ne si。庶憶rm十 甑 niay随 ィoal繭 賄th● 晰g le,n uЮ P has Dererteoll。■、wolhno w続
CO,Olaド ons、 6成ldtt ils ttpacに ァm prol献 ュⅢanagenert and o(mm的
■le dtterent sklる a逍 oゃ破 n齢 とヽoヽこ蘭led by each鐸 ,lば have beenね Sげu nerialio lhe CF aAC郎 湘芸特
甑 螺 tnlis格〔PanttulgⅢ ■lp。 lant has beβ n,atner comρ an es capacⅢ to lnk祀 Fa礎ヽヽ:Opment us mttct
打打eci4n sms Foは amtte,詢り『
鳴n engeprmeu6龍 ve an dttello餞 ‖uleF m‖ k lll Nu離,こ¬9Ю.(,0し Or rttk
∞mDan eS,ano womenl籠 sioal“。IkβISれn ,ヽDeen 4nked O exsuna峰 拍れ謝4ヽ O get“s膵 o dien`uial
need ttЮ oCことDACt舶むoM Prイ」l∝10ヤ置lα ald陥誕 d Col"lale A'a心 Tor l強 試おPa臨協n,M【 (,,ed
駒kharAhned、 「emar籠む,'CG,olaⅢ o,s att devttoprne,■ ,9鶴ユ1′甜領s申 9d10C、】abαBlo10 nttg・ ale ruぬ |
的に節贈 ntw uヽ mat(et nⅢ Ⅲan疇 m、 公餡餌clV“ |でrng ouド no Mll)nvゎ o Suslanabe‖ nele h a“
“
,t
mectttnhm lo詢飩ぬ止怖lhe ttlhlre'
A mtterge N鶴 」e ttsttctt h tt etttsto edum9呻 mea lvestock wば kers raates l。 と,e culu確 1帥 umnenlぃ
Paヽ stt h■)oミ rurd areas of電 ュec〔 unげI Mynぬ have mttinl謝
“ctt lo劇 uCa8on anO nmtted Op,mlnl益 o
gerefale n∞ 礎 にるag■,ai chat碗″bp「師。博勒a con"pt o,enttpにnou‖訂儘m lo「 w()「四 n thる ∞磁驚
lk"峙競i oacn cttDAC gぬ OWate ωtt lothede、eる pnヽ ent of a cattre of soctt mo朗 Fzers ttt can sゃ
“ea
鶯蛍瀾命o6日 噛 P and o聴「 ron goフ44n'Onta σunttdOnslヽ 800"olttn9 m 6e re。 1伽
Impact
Koy Lttons
ftt RttE OF ttE 100D A軽 (MttSEσ04 h E、Paュ′dltt Eco「 ∝i茫 O酔痢船く,23 ,11離 魚0(OF I曜 F00Dよ 駆韮朧 E ttCTO日 市Expを しう01時 E帥 oF(,的ゃ0強 wi↓
5,3R日」ANCE
Rttianc● 用etaW tt sti:Emg resh agrtcultural produce dlrecuy hn th。 ぃsands ofttmtt h lnttn胡 1臨ges th=ough a nemo猟
ol Collecdon centers aemance proudes a guaraliteed mattet reduces ttnsac朗 on GO苺 ,and ttins the tamers h aeter and
more sIIsttinahiけ れ― 切pttmCes,れ oc〔 耐panν
`int甑
atWo has br〔 ught higher[ncomes tor協 ▼mersョ nd reduced,foduco
sp胡賄ge up“ 35γ。,確剥Hng m ttetter qudl,produCtS tor Remance rttam st∝ es
Backロェ(lund ∩由 nω Re協 11`v,舗卸儘O be the niost s瞼誠ss争」l and adniirec OrOanは 却relal"吼 pany七n lndtt wむ,a pan蕪 増
nF→市ne耐 ずappr(xrnaに v$6醜 Hon,Rdan∝ 蒔ねV岱むng n a staい oFコュo菰 re強‖nf「asvⅢ■fe a薄 飩pF y
sヨn,addrttn9 a i gnttcant曲 *:n領 鯨ゎusnω酪柿聯削a lodaw Rel甦 n∝
`p〔
しn ul∽ ate a natlm』 Httnnt
Wrに¬Orerahげ iS h oャセri.蜘 c」es att t(,msanS m(re than 690,∞ O emp6)ces The c(Y¬ r、nぃyる fe歯1“灯oは MI
れ喜関CaヽそⅢlev ol'(Hl確 儘,spannng h抑劇ma「I(ols,飩 pern識`,comettence slores,sp戯
憩k,sues and R征 a
購ぃばless Huぬ attsl
稚 PaH αttept偽 §謝h16 1Pa韓蛉 ofそle時的pttnt,wRⅢ ⅢⅢe常「st Rtt to“ opened h he loLfギ i qllイ強直er of
知0′ r櫛ⅢeFi neね ntt ha酪釘田 gainmg ttЮ van櫛 ぃ nenceヽ、skng,1・ lれ Шat糖「
ner∞m■wnmes by tx,Ung
ruRI Cd修 戯α,Cttters ccsヽ 鱗 lre前 、、,gettbes aid ltt ls ac「 岱 jrerent states tt lndtt Vお le ttc scae 0
iけ aci o「 切e働∬∝衛on t漸 籠Fも 偽lat tta陵 れan What me company凶 四為イor tt ξⅢl瞼1 8us tett Htos,ney a砲
pPフhO凱癬れ破爛 opin9 an mde6協 ndn9 ot ho、 わest O、、oイk wRh n』 赳伽mes,1呼 n91he lα n確おns tt tre
R開8櫛 bし` aЫ訳)"ss
Moth旧 」on RSm∝`:nvesmっ
nt柄 應CCs`molWaled輸レしle need lo∞師"れ
ほh中』iV'勲 proCuce as weT asllゅ
oぃ panys m鶴 跡 t。 ∝隷 郎脚0的 ttr lno en ttmers an態 ば瞳r meribers o,ls suppv Chan鵬 鰤ぬv耐む
は 飩絶「ed l・ ∝ta″`igmenに
O agHcd髄「コ側ppv cttn andれ cめ 聡les tt prod噸 躙煎協ge Fa′『
聰埒m ftt nerous
MIttes p「 odJ∝ c ops nat mllst↓飩d mary m,es碗 るfe reachれ g the ttr∝ 硝usrァ 償、っ。偽oSimや hヽぶ mofe
l「唸n“脇 of al iesh prtticeに ,od of耳牽`Mσ
e lreaO益 d` e fr ar′ 9tt Dueる regwaL(Iis tt pは te sれ∝ uヽe
,“ Os,創l produ,9陀 dる ド縣 broし gh n ddemen or niandS to cnstlre fa「 pr輌閃lo「 徳「ale【 s and p「evert hoarung
dげ増 1∞ d ShO歳 ges Aいωい he「egЫ a尊 OF ttS∝∽l醐 ヽ舗側tard he intettsts oi CuSlo熙 ハ andねmers,t
htt also c(n営 商にd lo rX)(rer甲 』Hy μoo■e ttgttr nИrヽ ups,m01′まrvenお 硝eね r atpa洵 esャ ,′ o卜耐 Vザい僣
!れ〔「卿v at働i距、βnasea Outlhrec郎 、則o,nl st re櫨 196甜 lo唖 u確 lhttr s,p∬ 岱岱m9tre O破師ment―
1山碗d mands when∩ etance sttted ls,モ 蒻stg偽 ,cat ed Pelな nce F(`n s10res,い Noィ (打Tber 211)6 1 0α tte0
1o卸Ыttc a suppv oll「 g"produce n i`騨 宙岱 byゅ脳蕊れo the mau心,creaung Ccs n vl臨 g∝ me「e ttmers
c(,10麒謝いo「 crops ttcaIィ
Actvmes Wにi ls CCsl ttlan∝ ras bult an ndus肘 eb」smess mOdetthょ 曲蔭 die∞ mpany nere dosely n he supp y chan
お十(前 lamers伸 節dan u‖ages b slrenOthenれ ヽゆuゞ確Se n韓 1,起 iey at ttm「 O Hiose ttfnie嗚 o lri岬 lhe
qttty Ofれ e produ∝ hey sell
8言うre csttblhh ns a n帥 ∝,Rd ance c"燃dsねmゃ、h飩「
(l ndng ttI釦 公O mtt awttgF§ and ttuac
ヤ占‖nc(n lowこ culblrat he亀 師gゞ deSヤed ttducls RelBncじ 劇so d前る」les pttn`fof廻 輸nばops,m
Rsai叫 l〕vntt nd「 ∝nes,aRo prO14d岱 oho「 re略 aヽI,t nlo「 matton gtt mttnttn ttffr10f∞ n饉戯にヽ ano cal on
缶En When rげ′are l。。鞘ng“ ∬∝」「e sp誦 籠 o「o膵
R〔言額∝curentty opera儘 161)CCs a餌 瑯 れd適,wい aゞCh CC騨霊鰤n9pは雌e ton漱 laces wttn a 16‐
隋meler「 attus CC aclW韓 蛉1鷲題礎″lmav Ortting oi proOに e ba§ed on quttky standarost e∝すonに wヽegh ng.
lo」韓nO rll。 げ4離 Cratesl ttbo「 でお31oモ、tracea頌 11も′and i、 u蘭o cash p、A,コ en`mmed広 確v allef O引
"eryDtdn9納e ha即 報 seattn,larn。益 brtt ner prttu∝ o he tt eveけ 彎 T範げprOdに るare wdgh調
ettЮ nttv and fattrers ar(lqとo劇 pHceS mat match th呻 礎 y can get(l(lr tt mald s Rdiance p「 omヽ es Ю
pげ引ase a″田uce∝ t瞳観 whtt nands oo nOt guarant∝ he CCa崎o働 eroes ha硝 ‖ngね岱approxl耐 誰v
うしヽ 飩 er憩 a`,1商∝ n rF mttndsね case o「 飩中nor quぶ 町Ol pЮ duce,施 rュie「sa「e olereO碗鮨「p「ねelれan
iHα鸞鯛博oィ die r■「d嗚
Pe ttnce」 郎 1`ll、lm剤耐 o「 珀CkS tO的 い簡 llてxlh prodtt dav ttm脆 ∝so「ego願 pttessnO and
dAヤbut∽ ∝nlers,wh,hれ伽 0嬌朗0し le hto R研 1勧
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t。 ぃt ule魯 刊ヽ曽∝at ttle aghlも re o1 0ie ltty lRInster l lo lne stoiage pe nts,and ttutts,o粗 力値にss tれan
5“卜學 an olnda■ 。m Rd貰 Jnce髄ね,
Reほ硝e tt puttヽ Om∬ namsttsれ ∬a∝ i。 口leaslre he impact ol tt d仰戯‖"uモ
Inent tt a w、 lemadc rash師
れ「()On ttlmer rttrvおIvs wヽぃ礎 fttutts areゅ y tt means℃ れる醜 oヽ,鈍呻re Dognnhg tt clnltt thβ 弾劇苗ヽe
impact oF o∽ I soじ「cng For錨卸倒e,la「 nls,、すV」 nO Wh Ctt pa、 randlng髄 呵es up lo∽ %1帥 er l確 ilわ ose
ial「 n刊 at marH16 vveむHirgる tarspareri due lo Ⅲe llse ol e俺 orontt sca es Farmers re領 1、e cash prがent on
the spot a§ oppo読low朋 1的 イ。ra、Ⅲek〔rい的ei as、4s ttx,∽ 破wih付ie■ianus鹿∞潮na o Rol徳 耐e.on
胡c騨誠caく h patten、 are wlヽ a° pelct~ ea・ 側ぼF「 諄奄●るhe触取る
Based on ttmer mttneⅢ s,Re輸印鸞磁§delermneo 6■ 1る ca苗むon儀ぃに§ha、 c tttrdaly燃知劇・d stess・
鵡 o顔e manoお れrて ugh税贈 !ranspalerI))and μB引"s.躙
ぬoce慰 いoOmttng o shape me mal齋 け
s麟超aaイ oィ lamα raイd10rs.Tα'(Ing礎 軒ねru S“ Iばw。、七b Stty ttT噌 鶴、,
Thゃ ugね むle h竜 ,9r prrtt ard a91確 Шttlっ |ゞmentt and sus(a ttbttvす an山 9 1Ⅲ ey feccl′ o″orn Rel商 茫eる cCs,
構m檜、have been aわ にむ1,匡劇e tter pЮ du対呼 ndttnce`亀 merJlこ Ⅳ鵬 1割切i orealoぃ顧en縣 of
Qぃ ai坪 dtter∞Ⅲ』s m tt r prooJceヽ lanv larmers ttyれ七ァare nttslnO hせ le観こsa,O hpuG requ・ しO lo gfoμ
耐0`er Qu劇 lv prootl∝ o,電「el
VVhiC m inand`nlavめ e脱Ⅲng lle ttnch,輸mett se‖ ng【oP(1協 m"h郡礎oxpres,劇 飾樹`絶
p軒内 at醐 ig pa旧
n cash as s∞ n asれ ey halld d er uヽer a∞ d、く'Ic●℃にde創 則削的娩腕囀 WⅢ O aャ |々Ⅲvsぃω lo cheぶ usI° saぃ
ore ttme「 F‖ 10子 ll"Sels O「 白碑Sわ R01an∝ 佗
Ⅵ肺|に Ctt фmゃ 、trac a rFも1敵 pl(ⅢⅢγo creal,iO economtt opporttl耐 サby souttn9 dFc」 y,o枷 亀m確「
ωmmun‖ es,the,mpact of Relan馘 るAtF謝 3uShα彎日ubs時 oxpe破 O loゎe ntHt‐ 1胡 d「卜lo gh ne RaH∞
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a出帝前上、ヽ,sto be tれ ep∬mer o,cn。競いorea怖口prOttnサ lorindttn ttmers sm』 I Юlセ lI燈企laldoこ ier
produ∝ rs(F gttA anc servces,鰐 ゅ叫協‖y n rural∞ mmt,,刊 ett wnere app「 oxmatev 70"る O he ndanぃ optl協むor
山∝ The催ⅢЮ敵‖笠いeり 怖cttaSe ttmiコ emsth「。ugh krげ mod∝ dsttminaう on,and pr∝ u砲 げops tttrt at tl e
la価刊ate飩樹ABHs前‖aso p10vse蛉 髄ll a semcω Hke hea磁ミ,edu磁肺 ,enbtthmGnt,ald鯉 呼
!ll,dtto att rurね I∞趣「pl髄 凛we opnsnt ac衛いいS ttnav ttЫねnω hopesに RBHs w,1 0rer a rew blFyhO
expeneree lo Fura Cl】 isumers■種co中そしly制 臼ぉわ0「eale ap,「 oxぃ ate,1,400R8Hs m 20s協 1“ C(,verftt abω l
苓Od儘慎ぬ 怖InSは 僣繭 nO∝r綾 5 mⅢ on peoptt lne o、 e確 ,m、′esl時ηt exdudれ g餡前.る ol,∝ t翻 わい
appm瀬 触tev S′ lX〕 昴削on
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Noxt Steps
Ftt ROこ OF‐引E FO_0と B罰部軽 SECI帥 ねこ、っandng Et(ne印た0脚 l」 ,1,25 つ6 E POLビ OF ritt F009&蕪 〔ヽn氣 E SFCTOnい F猟 、)」 」穀酌)鰤 14釘脚強un
5欝 SABMILER,いRGLLANDTHE MO即 悧徹FOUIWDAl10N
Si抑oe 2∞ 島SABM‖ o了 ■nd Carg‖ have bem、●苗na t。9。her面 n the gweF:imemi● fthe tndan state ofattasthan,the
Mo=atta Fomda観on(alocal ttGOl,節 d IoCal subshteぃ o● 担mぃ to suppo■ the deveropnent oi n heatthy atid uabtt baney
ntttindぃ博 tO Sti即ら1。●胡hiewe甫磯
8ackぼ ou::d sぉ Mmer,w h sates oF 2'o4n,‖ I釦
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ters of beerっ 、d a mattket share ol appr。 粛ma袴Ⅲ34d`,lo lhe se∞ nd
lattst beer eompany n the ndan malret tt has operattd h廂 構sin∝ 2000硝 th iO breⅢ enes h the countlィ
CttJHに an mternェ ゎれ創proMder o「 19調 ,硼「聴uttra 12■ 0「再K managerF9'tp「 odwls afiO∞「uces The ndt
grcJp of caraⅢ テヽooo dMtton wo益 h熊讀Hチ帥ゆ`ヽ llれ ts CtSおntls lo grOw lnattng baHey ca「 qm tts
hに0百ca v been lれ っpnmary m』 tslば ′ol SABMllo「 91oban半
8Fey′ ratる ore ol転
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pおnSpalれ gredttnts n ttet舶 燃曲 m、 wlere sttMl g sourees barモ y proOuces
ap」 o狛maやり4201000〔 oos o「 わartt per,硼 The bar eyIれ ow飩℃L`陥 rOe呼 iloo‐ 。raoe and hence does not
cl■ mand a prem鮨■ipnω れるt卜 ereお にnot胡 elⅢed b,脱 nc「 s as a pnoflty crOp Farmers do nd utt centted
seに造to s`w,柏 Stead saung seeds帝 om preヽ′ious gfOwng seasons sh∝ saヽed weds oo not Ouarartee
館 etal ptl薇 サ 斃le ol oermmmlln,Or pesl reす 醜 nce,mey Oo n。 (vett Cu、 ぬtert hも い刊wauサ crOps
MOuvattOn 益 訥Bヽla隣 loo矩a10 cxpand is beer maお o n hoa,a stale9峰 pannelshlp emerOeoモ V th Carg硝 コie
co■ pany re説 劇 I nec趙 関 btter quが v na‖ 鰤dlれ at better qu」 v nal ltqtlirea be■er ql,at t,battey Car9削
M■ 航d愴 範d expressed市 博resl n edablに hmq a wo「 d dass ndunO u耐 1訥 nda and sAB蘭‖9「 熔
mけetted n h斜 続9aれ ゆ qua鮨 oOnttc matsupば ,ett W血 |ャどoa∞nsas c(珀 ′eFo'ig,Sハ BM‖燈「and cafOn
coHaborattt to reslnJdure theつ 、sting suppげ chttn th「ougn he Mttt aa相 9y Dwebpment射 ogranれ ls
pro]は ,cateo s‐Ⅲ M ttnaH(瑚 ,苗 苗昴larね many ohef barに y oevebpment hAttves of SttMmer but has
bettl customl,eo(o meel AttaShan`un■ue needs
A●1,VIuOs Aま,y9瑯 ponent ol tne prっ gramれるS嵌おn the o「 eadon oF SU centefs Tれ rou9n these centers S臨鮪削er and
Cり‖utt a uF崎 け0'SValettEs lo make thttr inttustteわ けsmess mOdtt success衛 ,he tt centers proⅥ de
cerried seeds,agncultural s照 ‖s train nO,and olher sttpport,and tね o participaHng compeぃ ies att cttrttnHy
in Sscussions with ICtC Bank to olef farmers accett to credtt The new suppv cnain struc,ure removes
mu増げe ttetFttencles n the pre■ oじss尽 oれ,Cfeated by poo「 qud ty ba刑針seeds銚 ∬o龍証″ec「 edi
co当面ons to「 rarmers,ano unnecessa叫 じommisttons to暉に019men
れ■醐 pattnershl,conS` lS offour members,n adonion tO the famers themselvesド ABMttei Ca彎 耐me
M●逍r短 Fouidatね n,and籠 o Rttasthan Governmmt SABMmer ettaЫ l劇 i●d be proaram and Ⅳovttθ dれ kは 1
他nJng now ttBMmer∞ 。ranates the varbbs members and montuも and「9pons On lhe prtteci on an
Onコ IRcぬる Carg‖ 台偶お偽市』l op餌戯bnd asp"`o,he ptted manages me su∝ nters"ls se飩,
ani tans(amers tt increase ttrne,panicゎ 也歳On,the Morarka FouliuaHOnね drtttes social noわ ‖弦adon
ar=hteracuOn be柿 9en市∞icommunは es ano Su manaOement ano op団 ね慧OnS Statt The fo瀬 ndatton a`o
こu―」o武s retattonship n,ana口 ementrof Rhe prOgran by addres、 ミing lo「 9ヽ9「term socld ne∞s oI SU
CO亀轟uttnesィ he Ralosthan Govemment approvts lc(、 nses and p「oudes state ntasmcturt and suppo耐
fo「 the program The Go、 ernnent aるo prOmotes ne Su cOnceptく hェoこoh Hs ettntton organiれ 的ns and
ietts on ground,fo「 examptt b)faに hO awaren報 。!the bene‖ おoF cenmed see磁
Sじ De,灯 S have been set up h threr】 u、 ll eる oi R射 astran su sa■ ,ャamisee_ミ ,ant的観,CaЮ削載ar Ⅲave
beE,tralntt by expelts ffo,iC寇 「att M』 t圧」fa§ a toメ o瀬de ongσ ng oど ppo■ and extenstOn sewttes When
ttt pro9「 am commencedla puЫ 億慰rampaで n waS ttunched to,ユ se av」 ′eness amongu 2〕 .000る o』
ba「 ey確「Л9rs uSItt a vatteぼ oイ ∞mmu前 caOons too時 聴dudmp句 eep camp,ュむns.'farmef moettngs and
iettettnO This,od to a Юcruttnent o市 e in胡 部no iarmers to become members ot t,e SU pttЮ ram
Pa引 cゅ attnO Famers ttugrた 。9■med seeds tom the tt cenlett and recdved access lo per帥 確‖ZeS and
Oこ 0」 pl瀬 (打 Sion Ser′ F∝s frO,,p!oにsSonal a9fo40n,に 【s prov ded by SA8Mtter To口 ,、e ttrmers ln∝ ηOvesわ
MSt↓ 唸Su centers,severa olher usettt p「 osuぬ (ゝ:lo ottered mc鮨 oI¬Q whlBt and Olounttnvl seeuS,
pest ddes and Fe耐 lⅢ′ers,d特 ,arヽ 0 11e httralω prmn6 Velennary days an題 鰤″ed「Bぃ Ⅵere
a嚇 organど co
隣∞Ш n ttls are e、 ゃ報 ,d b iota beヽ卜vm贈 2ィ lX〕 O and S,SS,000 pe「 )oar ttf ttle,載 hee牌ぉ The pro帥n
`nd ttgtt lo礎∞山eS(11‐ suttrlnO n near ttm,and tt need∞ ntnucu n、4)stment io「 an a蘭 1:ora t,Ice
,、ュar ierm
れe建
“cre敵 削∝nleド operaltr、 】添oF 200ア ィsuppomng之 、400鯨mertt The co織 ハha、,oisVbい 譴200m9脆
lons of d謝 隕ed頷醸s att pro(】 佗起7,∞O metio lo,soイ 賎濠J6?%oF亀■,9嗚 VAo a)Ok」 ,e seeos ha、e so□
範dく O lre cettrs確 鰤ぼn91じ 範u鯨創昴敲烙ねen肺 o他哨.e swstemそ o子 lFaは ingそ Lnd iepottng v∞ 聴ss
has aヽ oうoen pし1締 pぬ∝andに boing H】 iにx珀 柄慰翼
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on′ a new h耐 副、佗has碗帥 】rd9苗 a″●n lo ex塗 れhe
敵cい er飩 laう鰺solttare caぃ 礎 de、増opedる Vack ac前 懸 っ脳鰤尊日eWぬla rO better thttrstand l」ηe
lmptt oFiお o「oぃm on∞ ml取 ,悧 J嗚 れoM(raka FouttBれ llnる oe、 e伯誠噌額extensに 】ヽdalそュ髄se
帥ceむ e` pttlan wtt mャ oou∝o蘭れ脱 yett mo qualv oイ bD ey ttve np「 oied楠 離 協st httwestメ dd ttS
over 2【 %hでいer,せ ough k tt dfic』 tto essttE now nヽ Jcn of訥 むItt10venent callうoaい了buttd d feedy o SU
Ite、em研囀 ,lhere veわ「oaO Iiocaけ s9捌arnhg」 eヽ watuo oF the Stl pr∞ 確m:Ы g a tⅢo,ゃar p齢函.sυ o皓 VICts
猟前ett ana、 ,agつ
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ddば 3a3%Ml‖9 ne船硼 o子 o「 Ralattan sね o明 s142%Crop quttv haslmp「 oved
盗、9,Aィ e「 age TCr′ 。m∽ su「 (:oF,,ar e,v組 .has nc′ eased ttm 40 1o 43 0rans§ nce ne su pfograT
was Iヽ 1『劇睫田
れere nas b∝ n a dttct p、蛉償lve lmpttct on iam e「 s'航 comes as alttdi ol h町 れel reds arx,crop nua v Farmers
は9,1,a Stt Subs dy(,n的 帥翻餞潤s av」 ltty↑ onlnand upゎ 103。 Ⅲ9h∝ prces hom Su t(,nle「 s ωmparedゅ
lhe mands
Sハ BMl懐 は_smO nettptt tobu■ d∝ ediЫ I付 全,穏“∞pttnce anloぃ O ttfmerS ttd la呵 いmo∞mlnun l es
m theゎ ng ttna′ lhe company can useれ はヽO reladooshぃ o、ldeげ 起ISlr buteゎ o簡 単創呼seeSS A stralegr or9‐
鯨 n benen a酌 働dsls I∝ 働lo側 ,益 e,す越Ыげ超ie com陣 叫ぃJlわ e ab峰 ゅ(lse ne tt Gerters o卸 and pro鉤 re
add韓 olla,ぃぃvaaetes
Fね m ers、っ「oh舶』りfettc患 nt to accept破 伸″wttA p「。Tded by tt TO(,,trCOme tiる 磁rmer conssient lalmer
en9agenェ entand k)nO‐ lFm pr呵爾 ∞恥int、 lellt恣 ゃro′ 鸞 tltにお1■e鹿単ぉnan Gttunmert a∞ 耐剣彎o a tty
ro e on a pracso額 俺、1,1すブ騨謝附麟no me ploOttnl nfott ettnSOn“ 出t盛 台耐prOMdinO lel朝燕 確e囀
的 睫 印 冊 ntip融凹 ηm alsoに nt cred観 1ly lo ule pttFdm.お 飩 如 h9rarlnerる OollbtS a萌 口|じ 植「破 rs
aけ veⅢ prに脅‐w∬耐距,l μmed mpo武 oぃ1る OInsし ぃthalthe Su pn∝ ∞nЫ ttntty beat me nan(l v ce
∝麟s ha、1,Deen se1 lolむ ie pa「と、ef、弓れ,p a10ws olnuω erOlc9イ ュ鬱IS 6餡 b障誦edl nunoer ofrarm恥 朝ギdt醐
ald qunttv o,wed ttSMbuled By 21XISi,O oenlers are c大 ,elled lo"fuly ttnc市 ontt hese cent,Is,vl suppoR
3`000脩 fmers ttlstib礎 約0破 Mo「ons oi cerdHos settl and ttcure 10.l100 mettf輸 偶ol bar ey
■o αoMge耐 9れ‐quntt ω耐司ed爛終lor a心 ぼOutOn to lam,s,a se,遵 む帥鶯にりmett pro呻〕i has been setup
Twel,rew」 oわ』髄調liど消edes have De"tested.ol Ⅲれゃ卜1ヽ●oOk印飛pЦlmlsng'「an oea vtteJtt Th韓 潮‖
be d sllFo口 峰d io die ttv鸞 時ぬ増iつ n,xlイ腕r41S l)ler he MmeSヽ ve tt S,3m‖ 聴II側はel¢′∝6 1o achttve
開η七o〔 lola bartty rrocu確 欝鸞ntれoれ the Sll部 蝿 電n叩 付(Hコ 13路 in 2()07
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U.S.KITCHEN INCUBATORSAN INDUSTRY ttJPDAT鷹
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
EXECUTiVE SUMMARY
introduction
DeFininons and Best PracMces
lnside Th`RepO「 t
SECT10N I:CURRENT CHARACTERISTICS
Locat on and Context
Characteristics
Finan(ial Status
Facil ties
operajnB Model
Ten3ntS
P「oducts
Rates and Payments
User interface
Busineも 6 5upport
SECTION ll:L00KING AHEAD
Companson t0 2015 Survey
Whatthe indu弐 りThink`Abouti`Fumre
Maturajon and Evolulon
Techn cal Assistante Needs
TechnoloBiCaI ConSumer,and 5oda Dttruplon
APPENDiCES
Append x AI Endnote`
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
4
6
0
3
7
29
3‐
33
36
37
38
39
40
40
4‐
42
EXECUTIVESUMMARYThЪ report provides a snapshot oftodays shared food fadhtyindustry′ presents D view into the indu5trys future
tralectory′ and high ights bes(pracdces and recommendadons forimproving outcomes for entrepreneurs andoperators in addition to sharing data and recomlmenda(ions,th s report seeks to put shared k tchens intogre:,ter cOntext as operat ons with the potentiコ lto plDy an outsized rOle in expanding the inctusive econOmy―
bringing entrepreneurs that face significant barriers to entry into the fold of supportive business ecosystems
A comprehen5'Ve mensure of the quandtatve and quahtative impact that shared kた chens have on iocaeconomies rcmaぃ s a gap However′ the data in thisindustry repo■ can support pubhcィ pttvate,Dnd fOundadon
stakeholders in understanding the vDtue of codifンing the economk and 50dalimpacts ofthese f:】 d市灯es on theirloca communttfes
KEY FINDINGS&RECOMMENDAT10NS
Analytts of the 201 9 industry survey resuに s ytelded the following indings and recommended acuons tO suppoAthe burgeoning shi〕 red use food facHity industry:
Entrep「eneurs ahd factlity Operators alike are in need ofgreater support,i=icluding professionaldevtiopment, capacity building, and technic31 aSSistance. In“ demand support includesoperations attd PIanningi product development,branding,sales and marketingi a打 ordabiesourcing,accessing trained iabor;and dlstributlon′ :ogistics support. o,eratOrs are seekingsupportwith evigente_based eぃ trepreneur programming and devetopment
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INTRODUCT10N
The u S Kitchen lncubatorindustry in 2019 continues
bu‖ ding a suppOrdve c(Dッ Stem fOr one of Amenca'skey econOmic pitarsi small business entrepreneursThe U S smal1 8usiness Adminほ tradon dteさ thesma‖ nrms share of an domesuc buЫ nesses at over
99 percent,wtth staltups compttsing 8 percentthere nl And whie 8 pertent may appear sma h newbusinesses aged O‐ 5 years are D pOwerfulforce driving
innovation and over 20 percent Of grOss iob creatiOn‖The quesdon of who benents frOm the success ofentreproneurship is of great signiれ ca nce,panic口 Iariy
as munに ipattdes and regions interrogate currenteconomic developmeni approaches and iook for占trategies that enable a more dynamた and induSveeconomy Entrepreneursh p rema ns D cttjcal pathwっ y
for peop e facing myriョ d bartters tO enter ng theeconomy oraccesЫ ng qta朽 ッresOurces and net、 Ⅳorksln 2018′ the targest pr。 ,Ortion of nevv entrepreneurshad completed less than e high school degree, therate of minOttty entrepreneurs was ncreaSng andimm Brantヽ accou ntedよっr nea‖ y30 percent of newentrepreneurs h This report anatyzes a survey oFshared tttchen Operatc■ across the U Sr fOl owing
ea‖ er、 urveytt in 201 3つ nd 2015 Thほ work aims to5upport economic indtSon among these mission‐dnveぃ business owners who have limに ed access to
traditional pathvtay5
In 2019, 82 percent of surveyed mtchen fad ityoperators pO nted to supporting entrepreneursuccess as some part of ther pttmary mに Ыon Yet′
entrepreneur success requ res no less than an entire
communky of actors and re50urCes to develop′ guide,
connect,Fund′ and champlon fledging concepts Thissupporjve communК y`Of even greaterimpo直 つn cewhen working wtth immigrant,reft〕 gee,and womenentrepreneurs′ who dispToPortionately lack resources
and networks shared use ttod Fadndes, whenemploying industry best pracuces,reahze the prom〔 e
of buЫ ness ncubDすon and economに dusters to meet
these requrements ln Fact,30 percent of the 20195hDred uSe fOOd fadHり Survey respondents cledbuЫ ness incubaton as the pnmary funcSon of theirradiity lncubator、 havE been Shown to markedlyimprove the long‐ term surviv`ュ l ratel oF sma‖buSine5SeSiincubDtedbusinesseshaveoverdoublethesu ccess「 っte ofthoョ e,vithoutthebenentOfincubation
after six years in operadon!V The surviva1 0f newbu5ine5SeS depend5 0n ready:ind cont Πued accesstoproFessional ski‖ bu‖ ding,business deveiopment,andoperadons support,which are staples of〕 n eTecuvebusincssincubat on imodeに `
ln addition to incubating foOd businessesl sharedkttchens act as economic dusters where foodentreprerieurs can bene't from co‐ location and
cooperation CIusters bolster start‐ up success andsurvivai by=ro、 ハing the pool of specia ized resources′itコ proving access to suppliers and cooperativepurchasing,knowiedge sharing and accetereting path5
to marketⅥ AIthough only 40/。 of survey respOndents
identified as part of 9 food innovat on district or
fOOd du5ter,コ rsuably each shっ rod use fadttty tays
the groundwork for accessing the positive beneftsassoctated vvith a highty iocal zed economic business
duster These micro‐ dusters warrant direct publにinvestmentto dettver On the promise of strengthening
the connecttve 15Sue and suppotts,or burgeon ngbusinesses The lコ uに phed impacts of these nⅢ icro‐
ctusters shouid be measured by cities and states to
better understand the direct and ndirectvalue created
by kitchen incubつ tors
As incけ batorヽ Dnd mたro economk dusters,shareduse Food facihdes are support ng businesses wた h
critical services′ experdse, net、 A′Ork ngl and ttnkage帯
to inandatresources Among the hundreds ofshareduse kにchen fac‖にies,those eading theindustryin bestpractices t3ke an intく 、ntional approach to incub〔 ,tion′
lietvvork buHding′ Dnd inctusive recruiting― connectinga growinB community of entrepreneurs of color andwomen entrepreneurs to expert supports And Whtte、uccess is the shared =oat as L:, CoCinD Execut veDirector Caleb Zigas puts it′ "と o(;つ Onα ′s」es=′le♂ ょo
♂レe peορ′e o SPace tο ァ9〃 αコ」′9ヵJOコ rん e″ デビen丁 どん。
rsん o確♂々た訥e′,デ 加`イ
ustry lsどοれη『
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“=ど
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υ'『
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PCOρ イ90'とん9師α/。σl'5 9re,Ot αガorttJ ty,を p″レ′′eど霊′nc」boと o/s,ceJ`ο be′′,the pos′ Von to absっ rb t,ol′ ′oた '
Shared kitchens wi‖ need more robust PubHC,pttvate′
and foundational partnershipsto maintnin and expand
this cr t cat position
DEFINIT10NS ANDBEST PRACTICES
DEFINITIONS
shared use Food FacIIty:Af〕 Ohty dedkated to rendng commerc輸 lkに chen space for shared u5e to a
vanetyoffooS entrepreneurs,Iocai buunesse、 ィand cate面 向g services WК hin thtt umbre‖ aterm are ndudedcommはsanes,cOmmerdBI kに chens,and kitchen incubators′ wh ch offer buЫ ness ncubョtor ser、 ices to
prOvide startup food buSnesses with pro俺 5Ы Onal development and trЭ in ng
Best Practices:A set of procedures that have been found to be the mos(erecttve n a given industry
Economic inclu目 ion:The practice of inctuding a‖ people′ regardless of race′ gender′ or socioeconomi〔
status,in a given industry or economy This is only accomphshed through the intentional development of
induЫ onary strategies su∈ h as uored pHdng′ d verse leadership,and addtiontt support for those in need
Food innovation Districti A Beographic cluster of food― related businesses intended to foster business
col aborajon These(lusters often ndude marketslshered‐ use food fac‖ モies,and business ncubっ tors that
wOrk togetherto grow the regionalfood economy and supportiocBI businesses
Ghost KitchensI Food businesses that make food in D(ommerdal mtchen space and de"ver tt nght tOconsumersthrough food denvery apps,rather than through a traditionat restaurant
LocaIFood Economy:The grOup Oflocalfood growers,producersr and distributOrs that help provide Foodforぞ】region
Micro‐ clustersi Sh:lred‐ usefoodfactttiescenalsoactastheiroャ vヽn micro‐ ctuster,a‖ owingfood entrepreneursto co‖ :,bor:,te Dnd vvork with one anotherin areas where thereis notっ food innovat on di5tric(
BEST PRACTICES
Leaders in the shared k tchen industry serve as indusive etonolmic engines′ cre3げ ng env rOniment5 For
entrepreneurs tO build weaに h,create jobs and bolster the ocal commun■ y Wh‖ e the ndustry has yet
to develop formal standards and regu at ons′ there is a core set of best pract ces eimpioyed by industry
leaders:
・ PrOvide ongoing regutatory′ operaすonatt and buЫ ne3s management support andぐ urnculum tO bu‖ d
entrepreneur capadty・ at stョ rt・ up,second‐ stage growthiand beyond Th`indudesformaland nformatconching on go■ o‐ Imarket、 trategies′ product developmtnt′ branding′ Dnd sa es and distribudonstJpport
, Establish a dear cukure of economic ndusion,oten beginn nB with d「 ected recruК mont′ 、creening′and inter、 liewing of women′ minonty,Dnd refugee entrepreneurs
, Curate a member mix with an eye toward co‖ aborauonィ rnutual respect,cro55‐ pOIttnadon′ Dnd prOduct
diversiυ for a sustainable operっjon and maximum benentto the foOd commun ty being buttt
・ ofrer acces5ible,shding scale pHcing thっ t tran3■ iOnS alongside the srowth of the bus ne事 s undt they
reach market pattty
・ Help entrepreneurs achieve scDle by cuに~aung releuonshipsコ long the food value chain,frOm suppliers,
to skiled IDbOr,to sales channel pっ rtners
・ Develop a suppordve network and community ofsupport beyond the walに ofthe k碓 ∈hen F:,01ity BIn=in exper enced mentors including industry experts, regul:,tors,fonsuitants′ instittitional and funder
contects Bu‖ d industry D5 We‖ aS communiり netWork5
INSIDETHIS REPORT
Current Characteristics(SeCtiOn l)presents an updDte on the tthared use food facttlties industryth「ough the resuに s of a nadonDI sur、 ley and related anDlyss ofthe more than 600 idendれ っble sharedmtchen faolに es that operate across the U S,180 responded to the 2019 nduヽ try ttur、 ley,providing key
data po nts and high"ghung emerging trends a∩ d opportunКies to improve the fmpact Dnd co lective
understanding ofthe industry Thほ sect on indude5 datain ten categoneま
・ Location and Context shows the distribution offac‖ itiesacross44states VVhieabouthafoffacHitiesare in urban areas′ the regionat distttbution is fDirly even
, Characteristics detai the expanding operator landscape of younger facttties vvith mission‐ basedgo』s Wh‖ e n maloity of operators remttn for‐ prontiに ssthan 10 percent Sted a pnmっ 「y Oblecuve ofmaking mOney
・ Financiai status Explores the viabittty of operators Most respOndents are stable but a gre:iterproport On n 2019 also expenenced荷 nanc al osses
・ FaCilities detans sヒ e,equ pmento“ enngs,and Bddttionat uses The majoHty of respondents operatein less than 5′ 000 slttuare Feet Event space,clesttrooms′ ぞ)nd food testing I:打 b5っ re popularっ dditional
, Operating Models shows varying stamng′ cOsts,and revenue strea ns Over 80 percent offacHに ies are
run on a budget of es5 than 3500ィ 000 Mostshared kに chens repo■ few′ T any′ fun_dme emp Oyees, Members′ イenants hightights se ect deta‖ s of users′ nduding mino面 ty′ women′ and refugee
entrepreneurs and duration Of stay 45 percent of respondent`cited″ bu、 ine笛占closure''as a freqじ ent
re:ュ 、on for tenantョ leaving a Fadhty
・ Products outtines trending items being developed and sales channels Ready‐ てo‐ eatand baked goodsare most popular and data suggests room fOr(apturing rno「 (さ on ine:,nd foodservice business
・ Rates and Payment showく industryぞ ,pproaches to setting and accepting fees and rentat rates The
maiOntyofmtchensincreoseth3raccesOb‖ IⅢノthrough S,ding sctte rates for ow¬ ncome entrepreneursor ncubator prOgram members
, User interface provides additional operadonal insights K tchentt stttl depend iargely on human‐
Fadhtated boottngi aに hough thereほ a trend toward so心 ware soluttons, Business Supports deta‖ s how shared use food facH t es provide incubator and fOOd ctuster beliefts
Whiに 3 ma」 Ottty o,er tenЫ ng Эnd buЫ ness counsS ng′ onty 30 percent Of operators track member
outcomes,creaunga malor gap in understand ng theindustry andに simpact、
Lcoking Ahead(Section lり prOv desっ ⊂Ioseriook at the industry′ s evoludon,om 2015to 2019 and■s Future drecttOn Thc shared use food fadlity ndustry tt grow ng as the food ndustry〔 changing shDpeThis sect on orer5 SOr]ref ection,:〕 s we‖ Ds insights into ho、4v shared kitchens are being cha‖ enged andhow they might respon■
・ comparison to 201S SuⅣ ey examines whatthe data says about how the industry has changed andremained constantfrom 2015 to 2019
・ WhatthelndustryThinksAboutitsFuturehigh ightskitchenoperatorsイ optim s,m aboutthe direct on
of shared kに chen irdustry cOre cha lenges and need、 of operators are d`cussed in greater deta刊
・ Maturation and Evolution addresses marketplace changes introduc ng new compeutiOn andopportunК ies Shared use food f9cHた ies are po sed to differendっ te themseives as foundadons ofinduЫ ve economic deve opment
・ Technical Assistance Needs Focuses on the types Of suppoAs needed for the sustainab Hty ofoperators and entrepreneurs
・ Techmclogical, Cocisumer,and Socia1 0isruption identifies select trends that m:】 y ch`】 nge howentrepreneurs go tぅ market and potendal revenue opportuntties for shared kitchens
SECT10N I:CURRENTCHARACTERISTICS
LOCAT10N AND CONTEXT
Shared use food facilities have a presence in 44 states throughOut the
country,w th a stightly higher representation in the South Shared use food
facilities continue to be found mostly in urban and suburban contexts vvith
concentrations in the largest cities
INCUBATORS HAVE A NAT10NAL REACH ACROSS THE UoS
Nationa‖ y,over 600 shared use food FacWК ies ex st acrOss 48 statett and the District of
Columbia su~ ey respondents.180 fadlに ies n totBh cDme from tt states― an increase of 4
states and almost 1 20 respondents since 201 5
・・・●・
・:
●
HALF OF ALL!NCUBATORS CONTINUE TO BEIN URBAN AREAS
54 percent of ktchen incubators denu,as beingin an urban area in a dlst河 budon ttmilar
to the 201 5 results of 52 percent urban′ 27 percerit suburben′ a,Ⅲ d 21 percent ruraL
Ufban/Sじ Lurban/Rur』 Dhtttbuuon(%。 T Resp)
CONCENTRAT10N NEAR MAJOR CITIES
Kitchen incubators continue to be Dn urban trend and are concentrated in certainmetropohtan areDs Theれ Reen ddes with the mostincubators represent almost har of a‖
nadonBIincubators The map be ow showsthe concentrauOn Ofshared use food fac‖ にies nimetro area言 つrOund the U S,ndicadng thDtintubators duster arOund ddo、 n every regiOn
Res,ondents
City Percent
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i
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,4・・・・・ 180 RESPONDENTS
FRCM 44 STATES
REG10NAL DISTRIBUT10N BUT MORE REPRESENTAT10NIN THE WEST AND SOUTH
Wh‖ e incubこtor5 are represented rel:itively evenly across regions, the large nurnbers of
incubators in Cahfornお (19)′ OhiO(9),and fexas(9)driVe higher representadon in the West′Midwest,and South
ReSい OndentsI%】
RegiOn 2019
ドltw Yoィ kCtソ
eヽatt e
38
25
23
23
17
13
11
10
10
10
8
47
44
32
25
21
17
15
15
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Chに つgO
26
18
29
24
31
16
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DЭ ‖Ds
425
Locat on`,nd Context
CHARACTERISTiCS
Over 50%of respondents idendfy the pttmary goal of their facllity as
assisting early grovvth businesses′ even while S29も operate as for― profit
entities thこt rent accessto commercialsPace,StOrage,and services Shared
use food facilities remain a fairly new phenomenon,as over 40%have been
established sinte 20η 5
OVER HALF VIEW A MISSION‐ BASED FOCUS AS THEIRPRIMARY GOAL
Asked about the p百 mary goっ i of ther fDolにies,a ma」 ori(y Of rQlpondents ciaim to
pttoritize aほ コsic lmission ofincubatorst ass Бting early_growth businesses This response,in addた on tっ っnother 18 percent who chose“ strengthening the iocai food economy,市
indicate that regardless of corporate dassinca灯 。向ィmDny k(chens are missionイ Ocused I向
addtion,thtse faO前 desidendfy pnmaHIy as an incubato「′wlh only 19。/。 denj,ingれ rst
as a food prcduction fad朽リ
WO‐TH]RDS ESTABLISHED AFTER2010
Mostincubators were recentiy establほ hed′ simifar to the 2045 resuks over har of sur、′eyrespondents were formed ater the 2015 survey or are currendy fOrming′ indicaung
condttued growth in the sector
Years Cstablished′ 2015 Survey Vears Estabtished′ 2019 Survey
ONE‐ lN‐ FIVE ARE CERTIFIED BY THE USDA
Sixteen percent have D SpeC有 c uSDA cenification for prOcestting meat pouた ry,and egg
products,Smittr to the resuにs of the 2015 5urVey USDA certincadon entans a fao(ty
undergoing a technicBI approvel process that may involve subimission of prOduction plans
and/or technical propos,Is′ product samples for evatuat on,and on‐ 5'te D5SeSSIれ entS Of
fadlに ies and procedures
Is your facility USDA certined?
Ves tt No
20生9,る of Res,
20159る oT Re■p
P‖mary Go』 of Fぅ 01ity(%of Resp)P"mary Sca1 0f Facn tv
Otherいに3Se Spec守)
A MAJORITY OPERATE AS FOR‐ PROFIT
The malor Ⅲ oF incubators dassI,as For‐ proれ t,but at a lower rate than 2015 0thQr
responses indicate priv:】 te‐pubHc partnerships,or facHi(iett functioning as for‐ prO● ti〕 rm5of non‐ proFt organizDtiOnS
8usiness Type(seteCt a‖ that apply)
。ther ヨ葛要田四題 主主%
400/0 0FINCUBATORSINVOLVED IN AT LEAST ONE PARTNERSHIP
Many of the incubators are nvoived in some type of partnersh p,whetherに be a gned wに h professiOnal
development or fOot product distribution
Does vour facititv inctude or are you patt Of anv of the
fo‖ owing?
2019%of Resp 二,2015%of Resp
FINANCIAL STATUS
The financial status of rnany shared use food facilities appears to be about
the same/slightly declining,Approximately the same pottion of facilities
report making money compared to 201S and nearly 70。 /O repOtt earning
more revenue than three years ago,compared to 82。 /O report earning more
revenue in 2015
690/0 0FINCUBATORS HAVE SEEN REVENUEINCREASEIN PAST THREE YEARS
Encourっging y,69% of incubators have secn revenue ncrease as colmpared to threeyears ago or when opened ifle5、 than three years Old HOwever,an ncreasing number oFfadlh es hDVe Seen OmHarrevenue′ o「 ded ning reveぃυe since the sane jme ttcreasesinrevenue cari targely be attributed to diversifica(ion,spec:lhz∋ tion,and reputation
Has your revenue increased′ dec「eased,o「 staved the same compa「 ed to th「 ee vears
ago?
Plお
"c market o「
farmers market
Non‐ food shaヽ ns ecOnomY5pacete g makerspece′ cowo「king,
Wo「kforce trSBlng progran/soO創 enterpttse
Community center
,ub‖ c space
CoMtte/un帝 er゛ ty/technに al schooI
Fcod agg「egator/dtttttbutor ifood hυ b)
Reta‖ space
Fooこ inr再OVation district o「 cluste「
Ptace of worship
Food bank/Food pantry
SupermDrket
_10‰ ___´24%
―十一―‐一…… 99と28%
8,も
89も
7γo
_マ … 6,t
――――――一―――――一二 16%
20,む
6%
4'も
4,も
___3%__ 4%
_ユ 監 ____
8%
THE ROLE AND MISSION OFINCUBATORS EVOLVE OVER TIMEAsanemergngsectoLChange sexpected nordertomeettheneedsofthecommunity Belowareaselecdonofた he range ofrespo「 ses when asked″ Hasthe name,Funcdon,or mほ sion changed over tmerイ
″И′e starte」 ″′肋 r′,cドv,約 oり ξοα}げ 胸σκl沖ど胸οpey′ o,げ oイtわつ里ヵ fわ o「 志S'〃 。ρr10″りo√ oυ rS,わ elpイァュ。σ sttα 〃blrsttesses ξrοサ1/ん。Sb“ο,,9 ουr mol,デ oCus。冷J se}llng ρol′,1″
Tわ ,すorヶアbヵ JeJ os oコ 帝fυ boど oL b」 r Jυeどο′D,v υse,n oυ r rυ rθ′ore,v(:J,ノerS"eJ rO pron,。 ど(:た os o cO胸 胸るSOリ
コЛJ tc,c力 加gk,tcわ en,、 ラvell″
ηre身 ′ど14′OS Or′どl′,σウ すe`,lbσ neど
`ο
ρro/1」 99イ ofα『
ο,ヵ r′οCσ′デσ/切 eri to creoteッ olッ e oJJcJ"o,り ″CrvttJ ρrοJと′〔ts
″ο胸 肋e″ prO」υ`ie Nε "′ `ん
emθプo,ly。ァ。υr,テ eれ
`areデOoJ frコ 36ビ o佗re4胸 e,IJe″ trery or pα ′r『胸eん obbノlSと
″
MANY ARE PROFITABLE,BUT MORE ARE LOSING MONEY TOO
A Browing number ofshared use mtchensつ re reporung thatthey are proれ table′ akhoughthe numberlosing money also ncreつ sed
Facility's financial status in the tast yeari
Makin8いOnev Breaklng oven ioung mOney
2019%of Resp
2015,む of Resp
2013%of Resp
MOST NONPROF]TINCUBATORS HAVE RECEIVED GRANT SUPPORT
60%of nonpront k tて hens have rece ved grant support′ as opposed to 5。 /o offorproitfad ties For a‖ grent
rectp ents,grant supporttyp caHy covered both capに a and operaung cOsts Grant sources may range fromlocal initiatives to Feder:ュ l prOgrBms
Any Grant Support ReceivedP Among Nonprofits(96)
FACこ と:TIES
Many shared use food faciltties are smali faOIК ies′ with almost har
o〔 (:upying less than 3,000 square feet and alr¬ ost 80。/O occupying iess than
10,000 square feet 卜』ost fac‖ ities have cold storage′ classroom space′
food science/testing iabs,packing roomsland permanentfood production
spaces for rent orlease
MORE SMALLINCUBATORS LESS THAN5,000 SQUARE FEET
VVith 45%of facH ties report ng a size ofless th:,n3′ 000 squBre feet and 15%repOrt ngbetv、 een 3,000 and 4′ 9995qむ are feet,the number of smallfadlに ies has grOwn′ cOntrary
tO some expectadonsthatthe industry would see,lore consolidBjon into largerfっ c劇帝ies
Total square footage of Fac‖ ities
t(3,000 3′ 000‐ 4,999 5,000‐ 9′999 10100∈ 生9,999 鰹>20′ 000
2019 Nonpront
2015 Nonp「 ont
YES NO
if fう cility has「 eceived grant suppo武 ,what was this grant fo「 ?
Operating oniy′
22% Capital andoperating.46%
Capital oniv,3 蘊%ofResp 2019 1!i● 十1■ |■ ltl i.II.||||%of Resp 20よ う i fl■ II ti… IJ■ i%of Res,2013 .■ ||||||ォ ||‖||■ !IIill● III■ 機
KITCHEN SPACES MAKES UP ABOuT HALF OF THE TYPICAL FACILIW
坤 ,X`鶴 。f ttq.貴 `dむd強 笠 d toこ ath ofthe Foliowing郎確s停礎 確 ge Cr』 l responsesI
What addhional seⅣices are availabie at yourね cthty?(%of Resp.}
協 S% 生0% 15つ 6 20,6 25% 3α る 35% 40γ。 45%
とven笛 /flexible spaces
Mettitt or∞ nfertnce rooms
O管にes ar劇/o「 co‐wormng spaces
Teaching,demo,aュ id RImins kltchens
Outdoor areas for fermers markets,event rentals,
Prlvate kttchens
色境 reStaurani and Otherfood services s,aces
MBrket and retait areas
Wo百orce training kttchens
Food hub aggregation and distnbution faci::des
Other
彗納 nm OⅢ 釣
"増e鵠 臓uni苗 誠 ,「 ニニロtはぃ ■Fに韓 曽 二t"再 眸 gttni S,襲 ■戯 her(ohに いInmtttthぃ wぃ、
「1に
'
STORAGE AND CLASSR00M SPACE ARE THE MOST COMMON FACIHTIES
VVhat spaces are ava:iabie at your facttitv?
題2019%of ResP B 2015%of Res,
Cold storas(:
てHassroom s,ace
lood Scお nce/t口 st ng ttb
Packing room
pemanentroOd,「 Odじ■loれ spaces(un tS Or pods)for
にase wkh命むependentspaces wth l∝ 臨Ыed∞「s and
Bakery
Dry stOttse
Non・ おod retan on premises
Free2er StOrage
Meat procesЫ ng lusDA se劇4ed,
60,` 留第 100,`
250/o OF FACILITIES ACCOMMODATE VEGAN PRODUCTSOo vau ttmmodattipec随 lty ttuttlon tt B叫 o,帷拍日―
g?
E20と,,tJ R“ ,
鶴 SX 19'こ ユ鶴 裁鶴 ,S't 30路
―に藝隣 中
…凛Halれ l 田■田
0こ障 ■
No(e2015 suⅣ w resull(were not,吟 ξtudedお「cornpD口 son due to slgn「 ,cantchanges n categones used
韓
とヽ脚G,I耐に■
|いo百 む●Il町 げBttI“w mⅢ ●は■liげ an“
時 f― 市〔略
「,つぃすo〔uhい ith 4:u中日In盛3即 Eぃは↓
聴 的硝
CB呼に n,Proど 峰 1跡
JIけ曜 けrにと
“
情!oひ nSI:lbに 鶴nれЬ″僣 嘘とtBⅢ
REFRIGERATORS AND CONVECT:ON OVENS ARETHE MOSTCOMMONLY PROVIDED EQUIPMENT
削h試 を■Ul,mentむ o)ol`pro胡 Oeい membervtenantsP
OPERATING MODE上
Sharedusefoodfacilitieshaveveryteanoperationswithfewemployeesand
modest operating budgets Most costs gO tOwards rent and salaries vvith
lesser amounts to utilities and maintenance Most revenue is generっ ted
from renting shared or permanentcommercial or¶ exible space,orthrough
a variety of sma‖ er revenue― producing activities
KITCHEN INCUBATORS HAVE FEW,IF ANY,EMPLOYEES
Most shared mtchens have veり few fu‖‐and partt me employees′ induding 31 percent
and 38 percent offadHjes respective y that daim to have no fu‖ or pa直‐dme employeesat a‖ Ninety‐ one percent haveれ ve orfewer Fu‖‐ume emptoyeeslsim‖ arto 2015 when 90percent had lve orfewer
Fu‖time paid empioyees
{rO ユ 1ヽ2-5 6わ B1320日 >20
魚J増 ‐ tt[僣
Ch手 Jと0(子ЬFs市』』せ二
」勁 ф
Oも
“
皓tOL
餌e工 anderゆくЩO輸い■f
1押r灼!
■拌:ⅢⅢJⅢ
協祖
■
務
2019,l of Resp
201う ,`of Resp
2019%oF Res,
2015%of Res,
Pa武対me paid emptttees
黒o ■ 2・S S,9B10・ 20コ )20FRO無 St'RVFげORTOCHAMP的 性 etNI'S ttTC悩
=NINep』 卿 veⅢodomest〔 Molence ttrvlvor eltt PrathttnwassuppttlnlhaFSer
け Selllng mm∝ o離 oftte baC監 す h鼓範 r‖ eF f●Od Wasさ o goゅ d,she Lu熊 窮fO‖ 0■輌E Cf abot(100 Fa癖 Ⅲil`,sa■dに v」コs umeto l礎むprゅ磁cuon spaceto meet
diis de― d.酎 H奪船 et,1,こ。●礎awm h●ア"etheF・
脳占A'ぉ suppo五 for her
Cocln3,whore事ヤl● Watttondeф d藍晩協
otettngr隆賊、fOFng手
前s,臨 from las de the
o鶴erttes ch〕 れnd射=ro商
g to Sll面研oれ
ktth中 にo CoOヽ B helpe」 elnl旅 薯瀬コte S,つ てe tn
tO nnd inv苗。Ts.BIfi14
策leCt enl`誌 聴 謹 |maすordableれ oush尋 worked wtt Blal
Kltthenに now a$2 oll:oぃ wldi盟 峰昴pltttS.
輛e舶劇 inthe nav m触 逮 期をare L正輸 正
r11■ II●1 善2,4
HALF OPERATE ON LESS THAN$100,000
Shared kitchens wた h operatng budgeも ofiess than 1100,000 make up morerespondents,up,om 499う i瞼 26131Those wtth a budget of$300,000-手 999,999decr(:ase,going down to 4 percent ofrespOnden`in 2019
than half of all
hBd the IBrgest
LEASING SHARED SPACEIS THE PRIMARY REVENUE SOURCEFOR MOST SHARED KITCHENS
LeaSing sⅢ ared space for food productiohほ by far the biggest rovenue source forincubぅ tOrS,making up
an average Of 63%oftotal revenue,cross respondentsと 9asng permanentspace makes up D high ponionof revenuc for severBI respOndon百 ,indに 試ing a greater focus forぅ ome facHに 湾s on fu‖ time ttenants thBn
shared、 pace Other revenue generating sources include renting storage spats, seFVe・ Safe or training
classeS,event space rentals,o「 o甘 ettng food produα ion IBboratta‐ soⅣ ice
Ptease provide the approxiFnate percentage of vour totat revenue for each
ofthe fo韓owing sources ofrevenue tAvg,%l
B2019 Av8・ % L20缶 AvB.9も
じ,6 10% 20,お 30,6 4"む 30つも 60,6 7016
Annuai Operating BuOget
とくSl鏡 000 ■,主∞μ珀・S249,999 建事2560∞ Ⅲ銘弱け99 SSttαЮ‐事粥q"9 Bsi m‖ loけ
20鬱 %ol Resp
2015,る of Respソ
2013'6 of Resp.
RenVmortgage
Sa13neS and benefits
u額 :樽es
inttrance
Maintenance
Dth s― ce
Otttr
辟
砕
LARGEST OPERATING COttS ARE RENT AND SALARY
The highest operatng costs forincubatoFS are ren〔 /mortgage,salattes and benents,コ nd other
CO与 儘 ,With ud“ ues′ rraintenanc骨,Insurance,and debt serv te making up smB‖ eL but su‖
Ыgnricant poに iOnS Of c9sts
Lea5mt Orttn舗憲ShaFed S,ace foTfoっ d PToこuctbn′
Other
Lettlng pewhanent spate foT food buSnesses
Ettntsp“e ren悔 1
Coldand′ oT drv試。『ase s,“ e
Classes′tttlnhB
Co,acklag or t∬ rd‐脚叫 ,BCttlngSねfing Fbrfood bushess prod〔 Inlon
Reta‖′mす障
So● IBl ente甲▼lse food producuon bu5iness
Ы討おぬ on′ loぼ式i∞
ー…増L
h彎
L
0,6
Average Totat Opetttins Cost bv Type(Avg.%〕
磨2019 Avg.つ と 201S Av8.9乙
5% 10,む 生う% 2"` 2S,こ 30,お 3S% 40,`
―
OpwBOng Modet Operaung MOdei
TENANTS
Three‐foutthsofsharedusefoodfacilitieshavefewerthanthirtymembers/
tenants who utilize a sma‖ number of shared spates,Members/tenants
genera‖y stay 10nger than a year Nearly har of facwhies have malonty
women tenants and for nnost facititiさ s,people ofcolor rnake up less than
30 percent oftenants,
7S PERCENT HAVE FEWER THAN 30 TENANTS
Most shared kitchens have betteen tess than 30 u50「 s/tenants The median range Ofusersis between 10 to 19 membersAenants
約w‖law sharedモ pace members′ tenantt do vou halre?
戦(10 1019 420・ 29 30■9 日s● loo 口>ユ∞
80 PERCENT OF TENANTS STAY ONE YEAR OR LONGER _
Respondents repon IOng stays fOr their members/tenants,as more than h91f said their tenan笛
stay l‐ 3 ye:,rs and anOther 14 percent repon tenanties oflo,iger tⅢ an three years in 2015,75percent of respOndents reported tenants stayed one yepr orionger′ conunuing this trend
‖ow iong do tenants/members typica‖ y stav in your facittt before
moving out?
車 と‐3 nionths ●争 1l monthS籠 1‐3 vears Longertttn 3 yぃ rs EM。 黛 remdn pernanently′d。いt leave
2019 96 of Resp. 14X
201S,6 of Resp` 錦
680/o HAVE SEEN AN INCREASEIN USERS〃 TENANTSIN THEPAST THREE YEARS
A malonty of respondents indに ated that the,「 membership hasincreased over the past three years
This is a decreDSe frOm the 2015 report′ which repo「ted 84 percent.Howevei menibership appearsto remain steady′ with 90 percent of respondents stating membership has lncreased or stayed the
samein the pastthree years
Has the number ofvollr menbers/tenants increase嗚 deCreased,or staved
dにe same overthe past three vears?
1鷲 reased tt Stayed the sa,le 」Becttased
2019%of鼈 事
196
2X
‐
熙
詢lS'`Of tte中`■■田■■Ⅲ=:|●
:ⅧHALF CAN ACCOMMODATE UP TO FOUR SHARED USERS AT A TIME
Shared kた議ens accommOdate sぃ a‖ nunibers of shっ red usersata ume A m可。nty offac‖■ics a∝ ommodaung l_4 shared users are lё ss than S,000 square feet 5uggesung
由atthese tac‖ ities:,re primarily usedぉ a shared kitchen spacc
‖ow na=w shattd useお 〔i.e・ dmerent b鴫面esses,9と n vou a∝ ommodateat cne dmein vours脳 ぃedttse spece,
2019,と oF ResP
2019 X of Resp.
2015,`of Res,.
B8,6
息4%
幅2t i3 Xじ F Res,
ONE‐THIRD LEASE FULL‐ TIME PRODUCT10N SPACEThitty_fOur percent of respondentl repOrt hっ ving Btieast one tenant who eDSed fun‐ 3mo producuon space―deined Ds space thatis exclusive to one tenっ ntっれd iS nOt shared wth others These tenants are otenca‖ ed“ anchor tenants・
How many members/tenants do you have thatteatt fu‖ ‐dmeprOductiOn space(leased Space thatis exctusive to the one
tenantlタ
TCP REASONS FOR MEMBERSンTENANTS LEAVING THE FAC:LiTYARE MOVING ON TO A NEW LOCAT10N OR BUSINESS FA]LURE
In 2019,we asked fa01に ies what were frequent orinfrequent reasons tenants/membersieave ther fBo‖ des42 percent of respondents I〔 t mov ng to a bntk Dnd mOrtar iocadon as D frequent reason for tenantsieDung the fDdiity Howeverィ 45 percent ofrespondents hst business dosure as a frequentreason fortenants
mov ng This showsthe vanable success rates for shared kttchens focused on buЫ ness success
FoTwhat ttasons havevourtenantsrmembeぉ moved out ofvow『 偽cil呻
In
Asted to teave fbr pollov violation or poor cuiture
lt
last
Business Ciosed
59% |
52 PERCENT OF TENANTS ARE WOMEN AND 30 PERCENTARE PEOPLE OF COLOR
On average′ women make up 52 percent Oftenants,sighdy dOwn from S3 percentin 2016 People of coloraverage 30 percent often3nts across respondents′ up si ghtly from 28 percentin 201 6.DIthough 41 perCent
of respondents reβっrtthat betvveen 21 percent and 50 percent oftheir tenants are People of Color
However,respondents ocatedin arger metrop。 1につn areB5 repOrted h gher propoR ons oFtenants who arepeople of cotor′ wt¬ fa01に ies ocated in the Creater New York metrO area reported on average Sフ percentoftenants are peoFle of color
VVhat percentage ct your current tenants are
people of colo『 P
Moved to a:とother shared kitchen
Moved to a bHck and monar prOductbn fadIに v
Moved to a bttck and rnottar retatllocation
0,も 20,と 40% 609も 80%
t'Ifthe lshared kitchenlinduStry ls going to make an inpatt,then we have
tO aCkれ OWledge that serial etttrepreneurship is having the privitege of
failing until reathing sutcess.Peo,le on the nargins are not aForded this
privilege.lncubators need to be in the position to absorb that risk.'t
‐Cαたb郎 ,どχeCV『'′
(:D″ ecど o「 oア とo Cof'pα
峰Not a Reason
遭Infrequent Reason
B Frequent Reason
甥―
朗I
郎
鶴
出
』
単
』
銘
』
(こp岳電雪9」8E
崩I
Perenこ g。 。f rena“L who Are,eople of∞ 18「 l'`〕
VVhat percentage of vour current tenants are
women?
t12嚇
彗
| || 白H ■ ■
42%
Perfentage J renail`who対 eWcttntX)
PRODUCTS
Ready to etit foods and baked goods are some of the most common
business products of facilitties Food trucks and prepared meals are also
quite poFular Sales are made mostly in the local community,altthough
over haif of respondents repOtt that their tenants seW online, as weII
Ready to eat foods and baked gOods are some of the most common
business products of facilities Food trucks and prepared meals are also
quite pop`Jlar Sales are made mostly in the iocal con¬ munity,although
over hatf of respondents repott that their tenants seH online,as weW、
PRODUCTS CONTINUE TO BE SOLD AT LOCAL SPACES AND ONLINEBusinesses are selhne products direct to consumer at iocal events arid through reta lers sinl,|:,rto the 2016
survey′ atthough″ De very on y.驚 tchens′ a new opdon asked in 2019,つ re aready found in more than one司 n
fourfaO朽 灯e事
Whe「 e do vour members/tettents seti their productsP
SれかIこ ocじ に/bOじHquF rctalげ j 5'%
Whdc`河 eto 3ふ :お Jイ )サnHd tttan 44。 /。
Oa КFwOnⅢ (Vttual凛 o脳′shu、 こ′むっfk卜 trみen, 28%
READY TO EATF00DS ARETHE MOST COMMON PRODUC・ 「
Ready to eat foods and bDked goods are the most common business products at shared use kに chens n2049-a shit from bBked goods,the top productin 2016 The trendttin de"very may be contttbujng to th〔
富rovv ng trend
What Wpes of products are your members/
tenants producing?
2019%of Resp 韓2015%of Resp
Ready to eatfoods
Baked goods
Food truck or mob‖e food vending
Prepared meats or kits
Sauces/spreads
'amS/1ewiesSptte5/rubs
Chocolates
Other
plcmed/fermented foods
Vegan products
Nuts/seeds/Snacks
Tea/COffee
Energy bers
lce cttam orfro2en deSsetts
Sandwに hes/taCOS
Energy drinに s
Fernented beverages
pet food
Tonics/bitters/Shrubs
CBD/hemp
Pasta
Sausa`r Or other meat prodけ cts
Nutraceuti∞ ts/herbs/supplements
Cheese
Beverages(SmoOthies,,uiceS,mixers)
AIcchol
にdible cannabis products
30,も 40% 30% 60% 70,6 80% 90% 100,る0,る 10% 20,お
99七
顧十 ・・ ‐r 10,ヽ
Non,food heath and wettness products I
脇秘儀
3%
1%
RATES AND PAYMENTS
Typicalり ′shared use food facitК ies charge tenants for uOng shared space,
storage,and prep spate at rates calculated by the hour Some variable
rates are cfFered,which are mostcommonty pnce breaksforrenjng mOre
hour`i or renting during of peak tirnes
HOURLY RATES DEPEND ON PEAK USAGE AND TARGETED USES
Fotty four percent t,f respondents charge betw(lenお 20 to S29 per hour during peak usage time Fornon― peak usage tilre,49 percent of resporidenttt charge less thanヽ 20 per hOur lvVhen compared to nOn‐pr()fit:,nd for‐proftfaci ities,58 percent oF non‐ pront facinties charge tess than事 20 per hour during peak
usage ti,me,whHe onty 35 percent offo「 ‐profit factities charge less than$20 per hour
Average Hounv Rates‐ %of Resp.
翻res,いon s,O S20 to S29 ‐S300S39 S40 to S4, a ssc or h gher とWe」 on't have o,peak Jぃ es
o子 peak umc5,
SHARED・USE F00D FACILIT:ES CONTINUE T0 0FFERFLEXIBILIttY IN ACCESSING FACILITIES
Hou∬ y rates are also ofFered on D shding scale based on volume of hours′ 3me ofdDy,IOwlncome users,3ndincubation membership More than half ofrespondentfat‖ イties lteted they ofFered 5朽 ding scaies for these
reasons other reasonsIIsted for a slid ng scDle includes o「 enng d scOunted rates for targeted users such
as emerging entrepreneurs/new businessesi non‐ profits,users oniy using IImited spaces′ culinary studentsィ
ィand farmers renting for value‐ セ,dded production
Do vou have a sliding scale/darerent
阻tes for anv ofthe fol:owing?
0,る 10% 20,1 30,` 40,t SO'` 60,` 7α 路 80,`
$30 to Sa9
Volune of hours
Monthり pav in ar「 earvet end ofthe month btteu
Monthiv prepav w ih iol over
■ ■ ■i4%
■ 巴7,`
口 ■
務
70 PERCENT OF FACILITにS HAVE A MEMBERSHIP PLAN
For fadにies that charge a monthty membership,a pturaHty of reぅ pondent Fadhdes(2S percent)stated that
they have monthty plans that are paid iri advance with no roH over of hours The next mostcommon option
is that faci“ ties bi‖ at end ofthe rnonth based on rnonthiy usage
For membership ptans,how do you b‖ itenan、
'1%of Resp)Average Hourly Rates for O打 ‐peak Tin4eS‐ Non vs For‐ Proflt
翌tess than,20
S40 to S49
S20to S29
日s50o「 hlcher
Non‐ DrOrt Onty
For prom Onlv
覆一~一一卜一i
Rstes and Payments
USER INTERFACE
VVhile maЛ y manual methods continue such as reserving space by phone
and accessing facilities by key, shared use food facilities are making
technological advances by oFfettng online servに es for members and uЫ ng
digital enty to facilities
SCHEDULING SOFttWAREIS NOW THE MOST COMMONWAY TO RESERVE SPACE
About 81 percent Of respondents reported that they use some of schedui ng、 oRware tomanager reser、lauons The industryleader〔 The Food CorndorsOtware This h a shiftfrom2016,in whifh mostrespondents reported uЫ ng ema‖ and phOne to manage reservattons
How do member/tenants reserve space?
鱒2019%of Resp
SHARED‐uSE FOOD FAC:LITIES CONTINUE TO OFFERFLEXIB:LITY IN ACCESSING FAC:LIT!ES
Members/tenants mo■ t Frequendy access the fac‖ 代les us ng a keypad/code,swipe card′ or cybenock′ wtththe use of physicコ l keys decreasing in popuIBr ty since 201 5
How do tenants/members acttss the ttdlity?
鍛2019,6 of ReSp
O,` ユ0%
■?015,る of Res, 予2013%of Resp
20,4 30,` 40,`
Kev,● 0/(;ole
Swl,e co「 Js4。bi
Physlcal keys
StaFに t theFn in
iockbox
CvberLock
369`
60,1
87。/。 offer
24/7 access to
membersia 20/6decrease stnce
201S
32,4
6%
3X
1%
‖2013%of Rcsp
MOST REQUIRE FORMAL DOCUMENTAT:ON FOR NEWMEMBERS′TENANTS
Sim‖ ar to the 2016 study′ compliance documentadon required consほ ts of formal paperwork such asinsurance,applicadons,っ nd ncensesっ nd ceruれ caす。ns The mo5t COmmon requirements ofshared ktchenfadhjes are nablity insurance,applに つJons,Dnd prOof of food saFety training
What documentadon do you require fbr new
tenants′members?
』 ・
EmttVphcne/t(Xt to附 tchen Manager
00er Schedmne SOFtware ~11%
We donit,eseⅣ e space′ membersJust
,どnu,こheet or boa「 d h the faditty
韓 10,4
繰 饒
騨 a%
BUStNESS SUPPORT
A core purpOse of shared use food facilities is support fOrtenant businesses.Assistance
with accessing or navigating required litenses and certincatiOns,as we‖ 3s business
planning and counseling are amongthe top seⅣ ices ofFered and needed bytenants,Over
a quarter of「 espondents track success outcomes′ withjob creatlon,product groⅥ 責h′ and
revenue grotth as the most common A maJonty offacilkies are mission onented,wlth
a few models o豫争nng prOgrammattc supportto help lowincomel women,orittmigrant
buslness.
HEとP WVITH LiCENSES AND CERTIFICAT10NS AND BUSINESSCOUNSEttNG ARE THE MOST FREQUENTLY OFFERED SERViCES
Sim』 ar to 2015,buぅ iness servに es condnue to be offered inれ ouse and through partnerships Howevetit appeaぉ that a share of fac‖ ities oFering in house business seぃ流ces are decreasing,o「 ering potential
opportunities for etternal partnershipsっ nd organizations to o「er technical assistance
TENANrS NEED ACCESS T0 0PERATING CAPITAL ANDMARKETING OPPORTUNIT,ES
Overa‖ ,apartfrOm access to the k'tchen spaceに sett tenants need access to operadng capた al and business
assistance such as marketing and planntng Both inct,bators with iarge and 5mati Operating budgets listed
the same pttmary ncedgfor ts members/tenant、
VVhat are the greatest needs of yOur members/tenants7l A〔 cess to Kitchen Space and Equipment
2. Access to Operating Capital3 Market opportunities for seWing their product
4 Branding and marketing5. Product development6 Access to affordable ingredients
7 Bじsiness Pianning
8 Accessing trained iabor9, Distribution/1ogics
ONLY 30 PERCENT TRACK SuCCESS OuTcoMES OF TENANTSIn 2015,about 30%of fつ c‖た
'e5tracked atleast one businetts progress outcorre,which is 20 percentiowerin 2019
Do vou ttack outcomes ttom yourtenants/members such as bushess
grotth orjob creation?
2019,`of Res,
201S,`of ttsP
'判Vhat's ditterev,tabo観 tusisthatwekncwsuccessratesforfoodentrepreneurs
are :ow. In res,onse, we o管 er wraparound business supp。 『ts and access
to markets and capital.We o「 er what folks who have the resources wouid
go out and pay for through consuitants.Business is so skewed in teFmS Of
representation,and women and:ninority entrepreneurs succeed oniy if they
have attess to relevant tocis and knowiedge.″
―βO,,た ρose,bov′ LD″ecttor orCo阿廟vn′〔,ど′0カ身CommOη″eorを力Kitth9,
Whtt service do you pЮ 胡de your members/tenants?
と2019%of Resp 機2015%of Resp
O,る 20% 4聰 白げX 80,も 1∞%
けel,胡th版そnses/cett●Ications
Business counselinE
Brandhg/mattetlng
product dwelo,ment
1letp inding iェuvers
‖el,obttinins■nanatit
CrOup l日 redimt puRhaSinI
8496
69,`
499毬
4■%41%
Stattto netp tenanヽ /menbers utth thetr food 日日■臣 1196
DH市 buHonか oこ偕ucs―Co‐pac鷺電 日日■ 9%
,ackaging ・口田 8%
Other ttB 5,6
常omalわ b training progratt food‐ industryヵbs HB 4%
3396
~ 37%
31,6
Business st,ppOn
"MOM!QUIT YOURJOB AND SELL SAUCE!11:FRESH ZEN
Ruby chan started Fresh Zen three yearsコ go Her
,Ourneyい to eぃ treFreneurship completes the o「 cに
stコ にed by her paraats de(ades,80 Ruby.s mother
and father were engineer5 in china but upon arriving
h NeW York Cityお und that no one would hire
them This whitetう ‐biue co‖ つr ttip requireS them
to make the r way 5weeping何 oor5,woshing d15hes
and working ttveDtohOps LOwer FDst Side housingprOle(tS Were ho「 P Ater neatty 20 yearsィ Rubysdad sDved enough to sta■ his own iotto restDurant.
the setth8偽「 Rub"chndhood
SECT10N H:逸00K母閃嘔盈斑距AD
捧イ
● |
Ruり o心tahed an MBA setung her On a career path
doing markeung ard PR work for cPG companies
To manege the stre5S Of COmいg hOme Dnd mDttngdinner f。「fourttds who h〕 d beenin daycDre a‖ dコンshe started maklぃ g stock sauces for the week aぃ d
″eetting thett Her ginger and scコ ‖ion sDuCe and
an Asian chimi churi sauce could be wttpped up in
the Cuほ nah and make for a quick=ourmet meBINetthbOr5 and'Iendsに ve thenヽ 8ubys daughter
implored.'Mo師 ィyctt need to qut yOurょ ob and Se‖
s,ucer′ insp「ing herto foHow thヽ pa、Ыon
To get stDAed,Rめ y dove ntO reseコ rて h on food
manuttctu洵 n8Bndち upply chコ ins,which led her to
CommonweDに hK〔二hen(cwK)Ruby caned themup,went through the intake prOce55 andに っrned
they could hetp her l日 ure out stつ rtup eosis,where
to get hnoncin8 an」 set her up with mentors and
CODCheS CWK(onnected her wtth the nghtindustry
experts one of heF mentOrs h a soy sauてe makerwhtte anotherに っ向utndoぃほt who works for maJo「
cOmpany They hetped Ruby n3Vigっ te industry
reとりlatlons, product test ng and Other pro(esses
cuttnary expeRS on■ tっ T helped her understandhow to coott s〕 felソ and prOperⅢy tti these pieces of
support he,ped her put the entire bu5ine55 tOgether
in a frつ cuon OFthe dme Dnd CoStに would otherwLe
tBke to go toぃ arket
Thank5tO the commonweDに hКにchen relコ ucnsh ps,
FreshZenisrapidlyscattngup Rubyrecenttyreceived
approwal For regontt dは t‖ budon nto a m可 。r
nョJon』 Bro〔 er and she皓 suppげing local unive「slty
foodser、′ice wにh her bけ lk sauces Thtt new business
WWIBrOW her bus nesstenfold CWK coached Ruby n
the drection of foodttervに e for sust91nっ ble revenue
Reta‖ mergins are so sl m.entrepreneurs hke her
need to keep the bolante of sales in favor of h,8her
margin wholes〕 に/bulk business
Ruby BIso「 ece~ ed Bdvice on wonen/mino‖ ty
ceroncadOns and promounB that Bspect of thebusiness She won a cohort spOt with wIN LDbfOr proFesttonal development and now takes on
entrepreneurship mentees fron Tuns un verttty
CWK tt D Spedつ ,pttce thDt 6山 ngs hfe expenences
futt t rcle for ttuby,f a pta● e ttke th s e,(lstod iri the
Lower Eost Side wh‖ e tthe was young′ she be莉 eves
they would have hred her perent5っ nd given them
trDining and opportunにteS tO prOpe themselves
for、vard ・My parents staried,on the 8「 Ound‐ じp
without any support and t took the better part Of 20
years coぃ monwealth Kttchen woけ ,d have beenっ
8reat plっ ce for my parents to set Started Ⅲ
,
静
監
COMPARISON T0 2015 SURVEY WHAT THEINDUSTRY T‖ INKS ABOUT!TS FUTURE
Trends in the shared use food facihties industrypointin the drecuor Of more users,a wider vane`ノ
Of prOducts,and a g′ owing prOfessiona ism amongfood buSnesses ar」 the operatons themsetvesChai enges remain′ ミuch DS maintaining the faOityand managing operations with lean resources andirnited technical and f nancittl support Fつ く調itiesare also attract ng rrore emergiぃg food businesseswにh a wider range tt products that require greater
technicalセ ,ssistance to help test their product and
formaHze their buttnels
The 2019 survey hes been designed to continue toevoive and grow wi」 l the industry,represenung abroader and more renned eff。 「t than tt past years
As suCh,the surveン indudes revised opSons forresponses that expand the informaJOn GOnectedfrom respondentsi bコ t atso somewhati mking drectcompBnsons tO past surveys The 2019 survey 31SOindudes a gready e>panded iook at mOre fadndesthroughout the⊂ outtry,due to a sampte事 乾e threetimes that oFthe 2013 survey― ゼ,ided by the gro,~ th oF
the Network forincubatorand Commissary Kた chens
(NICK)′ an online netvvorkら ontated by the star Of
The Food Corr dOr
Given the Sgnficant BroWth in sample stte from the
餡stsuNeyィ somequ〔 suons surpnSngly su‖ rece~ edve呼 笥m‖ ar resuに s ror example,the breakdown offor‐ proit vs non‐ prDht faShdes remained simHar
at 52 percent and こ3 per(ent rettpect vely in 201 9(With ll percentin a newiン added″Other category)′
compared wモ h61 pcrcent fOr‐prOnt and 39 percent
non‐ pront in 201二 in add tion, respondentsdescttbed the pttmatt gOal of theirイ コStity inつ very
すm‖ar breっ kdown,wにh51 percent focuЫ ng onassisting eaHン growwth buunesses′ compared wtth53 percentin 2015 The respOndents a so diョ played
すmifar charactensucs between suハ leys in thepercentage Of tenants,vho are woimen oぃd peopteof color,the numb∈ r of shared users that can be
accommodated by the F〕 01ity′ and the percentageof fedttues reporting making money,breattng even′
andioSng mOney
On the other hand′ responses to severっ l questions
have direred frOm past surveys The 2019 suぃyey
shows an increase in the number of fっ olにfesに ss
than 3,000 qヽuare Feet at 4S percent, comparedwlh 35 percent n 2015 Ac(ord ngly,the surveygroup also has more faO市 des htth operaungbudgttstess thanヽ 100,000′ そ,t S7 percent versus 49percentin 2015ィ コnd more Fadhues with fewerthan10 ten:ints,at 37 percent versus 24 percentin 201 5
Further,S8percent of respondents n 2019 offerd fferent retes for iow→ ncome tenants,comparedwith only 6 percentin 2015 More tenants are also
stayin=for l‐ 3 yeDrs,at 66 percent compared wた h
46 percentin 201 5
These resuに s pDint a mixed p cture′ but one that
seems to indicate that many shared food Fa01К ies
cOnunけ e tO be m`Ы on‐ focused wthっ deSroto support new business(!:, It appeと ,rs that the
industry is trending towards sma‖ er fac‖ kies′ evenas the industry matures and attracts increDSedlevels of nvestment Simitar cha‖enges rema n,as we‖ ,wに h respondents echoing concerns,ompattt survey、 Of nnding quality tenants′ maintaining
the fadnty,navigaung reguttdon5,markeung theFaO(y,and attraε t ngっ nd reta n ng sta打
The oudook on the shared use food fadhtyindustry`
pos止ヤe Nea‖ y700/o ofreSpondents noted they thiけ k
the industry w‖ I be growing overthe next,ve years
Many predictthis nse may be attnbuted tO increased
connecuons with the food dehvery network,whichhas been rising in popularity Bs over one‐ third Ofrespondents′ ctents or、 ty se‖ their products through
adeiverychanne Manyseeapotenta fortanch`e‐ab e cr muit,ple tocations operated by one company,
Favo前 ng the most effcient management pracOceィstrong brand′ and a history of successfulincub:ated
or graduated companies ln any case,different ation
and speciattzっ don wiH be key Howeverィ manyfaciities noted the r greatest cha‖ enge to be theregulatory dimate of the industry, particularty in
reference to hcense、 and iegislatioぃ
ManytocDImunidpahdeslackDregutatOryframeworkfor commerdal kに chens looking to rent space tomuk ple tenants,represenung unique cha‖ engesfor food saFety and storage rhere is considerable
complexity arOund rood prOductton of voお ous types
a‖ requinng direrent regulatory franieworks fromvanOws agendes Operators must determine theapphcable regulatiOn undervvhFて hthefood producedwill be regubted tOCal state food saFety regu 9dons′
FDA Code′ Good Manufactunng Pracdces(neW)federal(USDA′ FDA)イ hese are direrent f。 「fish and
市shery product5,,ute prOducts,addried fOOd5,o呼acid canned foods,DICOhOnc beverages,ready to cat
foodsィ del位 ery bound foodsl meat and daiい y,frozenfoods′ and increDttngly lomplに atedf hemp,CBDand mつ「可uana Foods Soい e of which requre HAACPplans:ind traceab‖ ity A HACCP(,lazard Analy5'ヽand Cr ticat ControI Point5)plan is a food safety
monた o前 ng system thatも used toidendゥ and cOntr。 |
biologi(aL Chemical,and phy5'Cal hazards vvithin the
、torage′ tra nョ portation′ use,prepD「つtion,コ nd salQ of
pcnshable goods h also determ ne5 CndCDl COntrolpoints(ccP)in the process offood production
For mDny shared ktchen fadhjes and their users,undear federDI Or iocal regu臨 Jons in regards tokitchen operaOons and product distribution hi輌 Ft
the Fad tties'Fu‖ operaJonal potendal in orderto better respOnd tO thec,e cha‖ enges っnd scコ le
w(h the ittdustry,the ab"ty to partner wth otherorgDnizadons geems to be vつ けable For manyfad"● es Nearty har Of respondent fadIに ies have
sought out retadonsh ps wに h other OrganizDdons,
and others have noted that for"ng painer:Ihipsare currendy useFt,l or wOutd be useFul to them in
the Future The rPsuに of strengthening pDRnerships
may prov de the abttity to betterleverage ecosystem
services that suppo「 t the commerdBI kttchenindustry ttke operadonal sOftware, equipmentpurchases′ equipment ma ntenance, santauonservices,laundry,HVAC′ sen50rS′ Secunty,Iaborin add‖ion,secondary services that support fOOdentrepreneurs like insurance, branding′ businessdevetoplコ ent′ ョuppliest ing「 edients, packaging′
d stttbution, and sale5 and marketing channe15pose big opportuniues A desire for a harmonized′
evidence‐ based food business curttculum wasanother opportunity th3t emerged
MATURAT:ON AND EVOと UT10N TECHNiCAL ASSISTANCF NEEDS
Shared use tttchens are important insdtuSonsconnecung sttD‖ to med um‐ si2ed fOOdentrepreneurs to en evo v ng consumer marketOperators and their fEC htie、 tend to be the ξenterof iocai food sゝ′stems as micro dusters and ereつkey entry point for nttv entrepreneurst the targest
proporton of whOm rЭ veつ h gh schOOl educadonor tetts MI As such,shared kitchens pl:ュ y a key role
as a nexus point of the locDl eCOnomy A uniquefeature ofthe industrゝ ′Is th:it it tterve、 a diverse set
of entrepreneurs and end users,meedttg diFerentneeds ofthe overa‖ food syste,、 Thtt diversttcaton
creates stab‖ ty and Puts shared tttchens at thetenter Ofthe fOOd entrepreneursh p ecosystem
The shared use food lBOity ndustry has anOppOに unty to d fferendate にser From othercommerdat kに chen businesses by focus ng onthe impa(ts ofthe k正 lhen nξ ubetors on reducingthe rac al weaith=っ F through entrepreDeurshipAccord ng to the 卜auffman FoundaSon′ setiemployed people hold 37 percerit of a‖ weDith in the
USM・ ′ヽザith people cfcolorseverelyunderrepreseritedin this category and cxperiencing higher rates of
failure than other entlepreneurs′収the induSonarypractices and rObust supports orered throughshared kに chen best pracjces are moving the needle
Focus on creating opportunities for lol′ v‐incomeentrepreneurs〕 re tinother key direrentiコ tor Low‐
income entrepreneurs are morel kety thっ n others to
estabhshtheirbusinesse6intheirneighborhoodsandhirefromthe rcommuntties,creadng a cornpouttd ngbenefit for low we● th neighborhoods' Thecha‖ enge at hand is measuttng that movement
ln 2019,food dehvery sa es totaled more than S21b副|lon in 2019 are prc」 ected to grow at an annunrate oF 6 S percent,wК h retttaurant‐ to‐consu merbusiness comprising the bigBest share of thisopportunltyμ Due to the demand n Online fooddenvery ser、 ices′ ghOEE Or dOUd tttchen、 Dre being
buiに to meet the speE■ C needtt of food business
that onty oFer deivery services Large companieswtth venture capttal Lacking are staring to build
out faditties that meeF theSe specr c space needs
Currentand Future shared use food fadI(ies w‖ haveto compete with thesc larger and mOre capにっl zedirmsわ r users/tenants′ creattng an opportun■ y to
support entrepreneur5 in CDpturing this grow ng
marke〔 ShDred use Food Fadhdes can direrentatethemse'ves through ther communに ノヽ0由 entedexpettences,establほ hed hほtory of helping users,
and Ddd tionそ al service5彗 uch as technicaI Bs5istance
and procurementservices Thと にDに o an opportuntyto suppOrt underrepresented entrepreneurs incaptunng the grOwing del,verン onty market share
As theindustry grows to adaptto emerg ng buЫ nessmodeほ and compeddon,demand For formaJon ofa larger edvocacy and support nework has BrownWh ie industry support groups have been createdspecitctogeography,through、 ocial mediコ ィor onhnecommunties,manyfad"des have expressed a dedreto estっ blish s〔andard guFdeines and resources onthe daytto‐ dっy operations of a shared‐ use foodfadIIty spedica‖ y,the Network for incubator andcOmmヽsary Kにchens h the largestinformai neivyork
ofshared kitchenst,nd isfacttitated bythestattofThe
Food Corridor This pr vate Facebook Groupis hometo over 1 400 shared kitchen ownersl operators,and
community partnerl that currendy ask quesuons,share best pract ces and opportunties,and prOv de
support ln Octoberof201 9′ fheFoodCorridorhostedthe networkin Ausun,Texasforthe 2nd annualFoodincubadon summモ The two‐ day event was gearedat food incubator adminほ trators, comm`sarykitchen operato「s′ :】 nd ecosystem service prOviders
supporting the ndustり The Summits educadonalsestton`in theform of pands′ quに雁are talks and l:1
mento市 ng covered topたs ranging from in向 OVajVeppproっ chesto membership,operations,and pol(iestodesgningand mptemenungincubadonprogramsNetworking events were designed tO encourageconversation and coHaboration among attendees
FormauOn ofa membersh p― based nadOnalbusinessassodadon or neⅢ vork presents an opportunityfor sharing best practices in key て,reas hke tenantbusiness development′ D5WeH aS better advoこ ぅtingfor shared use kに chen fadhjes and orenngresources for further educ:】 tion and accreditation
By prOviding a shared set of resources, facHities
can better、yntheЫ ze programming and metncs fortenant success across Iコ uitiple region51 Benerating
increased Πnanoal reputDb‖ ity for buЫ nessesseeking financing Shared kitchens can besin tocapture and sh:,re better data to imprOve operations
and the fiow of re50urCes to the industry
A common cha‖ enge for m〕 ny respondent ttdndescenters on the theme of further estabhsh ng theshared use food Fadhty industry The industrydemands increased awarenessl co向
`iヽ
tency nregulっ dons,and moreれ nandng opportunた ies Mostrespondents reported not receiving any t:ュ x creditsI
andmanyvOicedaneedfor ncreasedaccesstograntsupport There was a great des re to rBise awareness
toれ nancers in order tO raも e cDpttDI fOr ther fadHty
or operaSons in BddК ion,m`§ on‐ onented fadlに ies
stated thDt they track the out(omes ofthe r users/
tenantsi however,most respondents stated they donot track any outcomes oFthe r users The industry
currently〕 ack5 benchlれ 〕rk ng for tenant su(ce51′ie Whe向 つbuSiness begins to mature and requ res
direrent needs such as addiuonatれ nancing
EstDbished standards of operadon w‖ I further
he p to formahze the industry and proude nnancial
reputabiity to businesses in the industry seeking
f nancing Partner ng vvith iarger associtョ tions of
incubatorsandeconomicdevelopmentorganttDdonsalso represents an opportunity for faciities to better
understand ther ecOnOmic impact Govemment:Ind institutional p:irtners can help f‖ lthe data gap
and add cndcai capDSty where sma‖ operators are
lackl「ェg tty addressing these needs′ facFhties :,re
bette「 able to advo⊂ ate Fo「 funding and address u、 er
needs
TECHNOと OGiCAと,CONSUMER,AND SOC:Aと DiSRUPT10N
As food de“ very serヽ ′にes become a targer part ofいow consumers ind′ buy,and eatthe「 food,thert遣a growing demand For the diЫ ntermediadon ofthefood supply chDin Consumersて ,rOund the countryare tooking for read‖ y ava‖ able,on― demarid opt onsfor eatingr and are prep:】 red to p:,y a higher price
for a more convenient product Shared ule kitchenfacFities can take advっ nt:ige oF this demand byprOviding sp〕 ce For v rtual retttaurants or meal
dettvery buttnesses,perhaps nduding deivery orotherヽ uch services Th s new wave n the grOwingsharing economy a150 requires specIBl attent o!i be
pa d tointegrajng equ tyintO the mも 引onィ strっ tegies,
つnd pohcies oF shared use kftchen fて ,ci"ties
APPENDIX A
ENDNOTES
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よ 撤締摯i毯艶翻格轟群瑞辞
講辞:棚鍛紺!‖]ν脇殺淳醜解‖!甘観テ郡!串ど1報艘前逸協弥:浦
麟 Ⅷ 苺幣簿!冊帥 舶節幹き釧 乗酷
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よ塾憾勘醜藍解:謀醜程i薩艶翻鐸幕想斜:ぷ試|
V"Ibid
Ⅸ ibid
出灘 f今具ぞ辮 七継 惣:搬岳靭 服 釉 1型紀汗柵欝婿c制:霞 :習id机解 津
ti緒!誓黒g nduStryOuЫ
ookttipュ′/■VWw ttDt Stつ Com/oudooV374/109/oni ne Food‐ ddttery/