© Richardus Eko Indrajit 2
ERA 1
ERA 2
ERA 3
ERA 4
1990
1980
1970
Focus of Philosophy Administrative Framework Primary Target Justification/Purposes
Evolusi Teknologi Informasi Organisasi
© Richardus Eko Indrajit 3
Administrative Framework
Focus of Philosophy
Primary Target
Justification Purposes
DATA PROCESSING ORGANIZATIONAL
PRODUCTIVITY EFFICIENCY
REGULATED MONOPOLY
Era Teknologi Komputer
© Richardus Eko Indrajit 4
END-USER COMPUTING
FREE MARKET INDIVIDUAL EFFECTIVENESS
Administrative Framework
Focus of Philosophy
Primary Target
Justification Purposes
Era Teknologi Informasi
© Richardus Eko Indrajit 5
STRATEGIC SYSTEM
REGULATED FREE MARKET
BUSINESS PROCESS
COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE
Administrative Framework
Focus of Philosophy
Primary Target
Justification Purposes
Era Sistem Informasi
© Richardus Eko Indrajit 6
BUSINESS TRANSFORMATION
ENABLER GLOBALIZATION DYNAMIC SYSTEM ADAPTIVITY
Administrative Framework
Focus of Philosophy
Primary Target
Justification Purposes
Era Sistem Informasi Global
© Richardus Eko Indrajit 7
Posisi Aplikasi dalam Sistem Informasi
INFORMATION SYSTEM
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
COMPUTER
HARDWARE SOFTWARE
Organization Management
Human Resources
Processes
People and Culture
Standards and Procedures
Rules and Policy
Cost and Investment
Strategic Business
Plan
Macro Environment
Outsourcing
Research and Development Products and Services
Market and Customers
PC Desktop Operating System
Internet Intranet
Extranet
Database
Applications
Notebook and Palmtop
Programming Languages
Printer
Modem Multimedia Workgroup Computing
Data Mining
Decision Support System
Digital Nervous System ISDN, VSAT
Infrastructure
Electronic Commerc
e
Electronic Data
Interchange
© Richardus Eko Indrajit 10
Aplikasi dalam Arsitektur Sistem Organisasi
WHAT data HOW
function WHERE network WHO
people WHEN time WHY
motivation ENTITIES PROCESSES LOCATIONS ORGANISATION EVENTS STRATEGY
GOALS Scope and Objective ENTITY
RELATION PROCESS FLOWS LOGISTIC
NETWORKING ORGANOGRAM BUSINESS SCHEDULE BUSINESS
PLAN Business and Enterprise Model
DATA MODEL DATA
FLOWS SYSTEM TOPOLOGY USERS PROCESS
STRUCTURE KNOWLEDGE ARCHITECTURE Information System
Model DATA
DESIGN STRUCTURE CHART SYSTEM
ARCHITECTURE USERS INTERFACE CONTROL
STRUCTURE KNOWLEDGE DESIGN Technology
Constrained Model DATABASE
DESCRIPTION PROGRAM SOURCE NETWORK
ARCHITECTURE SECURITY INTERRUPTS KNWLEDGE BASE Detailed
Representation DATA FUNCTIONS COMMUNICATION ORGANISATION SCHEDULE USE Working System
© Richardus Eko Indrajit 11
Filosofi Pengembangan Aplikasi
Delivery System Architecture Hardware, Software, Communications
Data Architecture
Information System Architecture
Information Architecture
Business Process Architecture
drives
prescribes
identifies
support by Feedback
Standards Product Groups
Information Services
Which hardware, software, and network are required?
How is the data managed?
How are the processes and information related?
What information is needed to accomplish those processes?
What business processes should be used?
© Richardus Eko Indrajit 12
Proses Pengembangan Aplikasi
Stage 4
CONSTRUCTION
Stage 1
PLANNING
Stage 2
ANALYSIS
Stage 3
DESIGN
Stage 5
IMPLEMENTATION
Stage 6
MAINTENANCE
© Richardus Eko Indrajit 14
Pilihan Skenario Implementasi Aplikasi
Project Scope
Implementation Strategy
PILOT FULL BLOWN
CUT
OFF
PARA
LLEL
Risk = A Money = C People = A Time = B
Risk = C Money = E People = C Time = C
Risk = B Money = A People = C Time = C
Risk = E Money = C People = E Time = A
© Richardus Eko Indrajit 15
Faktor Kualitas Perangkat Lunak Aplikasi
Product Revision
Product Transition
Product Operations
Maintainability (Can I fix it?) Flexibility (Can I change it?) Testability (Can I test it?)
Portability (Will I be able to use it on another machine?) Reusability (Will I be able to reuse some of the software?) Interoperability (Will I be able to interface it with another system?)
Correctenss (Does it what I want?) Reliability (Does it do it accurately all of the time?) Efficiency (Will it run on my hardware as well as it can?) Integrity (Is it secure?) Usability (Is it designed for the user?)
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