DRAFT
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
AND EMP REPORT
FOR
PROPOSED EXPANSION OF PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS
MANUFACTURING UNIT 138 MTPM
(EXISTING 3.25 MTPM AND PROPOSED 134.75 MTPM)
AT
BLOCK NO. 155/1, 159, CHHATRAL-KADI ROAD, VILLAGE DHANOT,
TALUKA KALOL, DISTRICT GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT
PROJECT CATEGORY: A,
5(f), SYNTHETIC ORGANIC CHEMICALS INDUSTRY
STUDY PERIOD:
OCTOBER TO DECEMBER, 2016
PROJECT PROPONENT:
ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES
PREPARED BY:
en-VISIOn ENVIRO TECHNOLOGIES PVT. LTD.
2nd
FLOOR, SHRI RAM COMPLEX, ABIVE BANK OF INDIA,
NEAR KARGIL CHOWK, SURAT-DUMAS ROAD,
PIPLOD, SURAT-395007
GUJARAT.
Phone No.: (0261) 2223003, 2224004
Email Add.: [email protected]
Website: www.en-vision.in
Accreditation by
QCI / NABET Certificate No. 1417/IA 003
ISO 9001:2008 Certificate No. BN9180/8576:0614 JULY, 2017
171011_116034_170717
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M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT.
Declaration by Experts contributing to the EIA/EMP Report
“Proposed Expansion of Pharmaceutical Products Manufacturing Unit” at Block No. 155/1, 159, Chhatral-
Kadi Road, Village Dhanot, Taluka Kalol, District Gandhinagar, Gujarat.
I, hereby, certify that I was a part of the EIA team in the following capacity that developed the above EIA.
EIA Coordinator : Synthetic Organic Chemicals Industry
Name : Smitha Rajesh
Signature and Date : 25/04/2016
Period of involvement : October 2016 to December, 2016
Contact information : [email protected] Ph. No. 0261 - 2223003
Functional Area Experts
Sr. No. Functional
Areas Name of the
Expert/S Involvement
Signature Period Task
1
AP
WP
SHW AQ
Nihar Doctor October to
December,
2016
Site visit, selection of monitoring
locations, selection of parameters,
evaluation of air quality results, impact
identification and mitigation measures
suggestion.
Site visit, Selection of monitoring
locations for water quality, evaluation
water quality results, evaluation of
proposed ETP treatment scheme, impact
identification and mitigation measures
suggestion of the project.
Site visit, Identification of solid and
Hazardous Wastes generated storage
facility and disposal management.
Site visit, selection of monitoring
locations, supervision of air quality
modeling and prediction, identification
of impacts.
2 LU Dr. Y.
Ramamohan
October to
December,
2016
Collecting GPS reading of proposed site,
geo reference of toposheets and satellite
image, preparation of base map from
toposheets, preparation of landuse/land
cover map from the satellite image.
Identification of impacts and suggest
mitigation measures.
3 SE Dr. Rumjhum Ray
Caudhuary
October to
December,
2016
Prepared list of villages present within
study area, Collected primary and
secondary data, identify impact of
project on community, prepare CSR
activities, Prepared SE report.
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Sr. No. Functional
Areas Name of the
Expert/S Involvement
Signature Period Task
4 EB Dr. Manoj Eledath
October to
December,
2016
Identified locations for the sample
collection of terrestrial biodiversity on
the basis of Land Use and Land cover
map.
Identified flora and fauna within study
area. Identification of Impacts and
suggested mitigation measures.
Suggested the conservation plan for the
schedule-1 fauna.
5 HG Naresh Goar
October to
December,
2016
Determine the groundwater flow
direction by measuring the water level in
existing water wells, study the
groundwater development and hydrology
in the study area.
6 N Haneesh Panicker October to
December,
2016
Identifying possible source of Noise
pollution from process equipments and
other transportation activity. Delineating
measures to curb Noise Pollution.
Monitoring related work.
7 RH Sundara Rajulu October to
December,
2016
Studied project proposal, Identified
potential hazards of proposed activities.
Suggested safety measures for Hazards.
Name of Laboratory: En-Tech Laboratories
NABL/MoEF Certificate No.: T-3750
Period of Involvement: October to December, 2016
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M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT.
Declaration by the Head of the accredited consultant organization/ authorized person
I, Nihar Doctor, hereby, confirm that the above mentioned experts prepared the EIA of proposed of
Synthetic organic Chemicals Industry at Block No. 155/1, 159, Chhatral-Kadi Road, Village Dhanot,
Taluka Kalol, District Gandhinagar, Gujarat by M/s. Orbit Pharma Laboratories.
I also confirm that the consultant organization shall be fully accountable for any mis-leading information
mentioned in this statement.
Signature :
Name : Nihar Doctor
Designation : Director
Name of the EIA consultant
organization
: Envision Enviro Technologies Pvt. Ltd.
NABET Certificate No. & Issue
Date
: NABET/EIA/1417/IA 003 valid up to December 03, 2017
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M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT I - 1
INDEX
Se. No. Title Page No.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF EIA REPORT
CHAPTER-1 : INTRODUCTION
1.1 PURPOSE OF EIA 1-1
1.2 IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECT & PROJECT PROPONENT 1-1
1.3 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT 1-1
1.4 SCOPE OF THE STUDY 1-1
1.5 STRUCTURE OF THE EIA REPORT 1-2
CHAPTER-2 : PROJECT DESCRIPTION
2.1 BRIEF PROJECT DISCRIPTION 2-1
2.2 TYPE OF PROJECT 2.1
2.3 NEED OF PROJECT 2-1
2.4 LOCATION 2-1
2.4.1 KEY INFRASTRUCTURE FEATURES AND SETTLEMENTS 2-6
2.5 MAGNITUDE OF OPERATION 2-8
2.5.1 PROJECT COST 2-8
2.6 SCHEDULE OF OPERATION AND IMPLEMENTATION 2-8
2.7 TECHNICAL AND PROJECT DESCRIPTION 2-9
2.7.1 CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITIES 2-9
2.7.2 PRODUCTION ACTIVITIES 2-9
2.7.3 RAW MATERIALS REQUIREMENTS 2-10
2.7.4 MANUFACTURING PROCESS 2-11
2.7.5 SOLVENT MANAGEMENT 2-35
2.8 COMPONENTS OF PROJECT 2-35
2.8.1 LAND 2-35
2.8.2 POWER REQUIREMENT 2-35
2.8.3 FUEL REQUIREMENT 2-35
2.8.4 MANPOWER REQUIREMENTS 2-36
2.8.5 WATER SOURCE, UTILIZATION AND WASTE WATER 2-36
2.8.6 AIR POLLUTION 2-37
2.8.6.1 SOURCE OF FUGITIVE OR SECONDARY EMISSIONS 2-38
2.8.7 NOISE POLLUTION 2-38
2.8.8 LAND/SOIL POLLUTION 2-38
2.9 ENVIRONMENNTAL MITIGATION MEASURES 2-38
2.9.1 MITIGATION MEASURES FOR WATER POLLUTION 2-38
2.9.1.1 DETAILS OF EXISTING ETP 2-39
2.9.2 MITIGATION MEASRURES FOR AIR POLLUTION 2-40
2.9.2.1 MITIGATION MEASURES FOR FUGITIVE OR SECONDARY EMISSIONS 2-41
2.9.3 MITIGATION MEASURES FOR NOISE POLLUTION 2-41
2.9.4 MITIGATION MEASURES FOR LAND/SOIL POLLUTION 2-41
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Se. No. Title Page No.
CHAPTER-3 : BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL STATUS
3.1 DESCRIPTION OF THE STUDY AREA 3-1
3.2 PERIOD OF MONITORING 3-1
3.3 COMPONENTS AND METHODOLOGY 3-1
3.4 BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL DATA 3-3
3.4.1 METEOROLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT 3-3
3.4.2 AIR ENVIRONMENT 3-6
3.4.3 WATER ENVIRONMENT 3-8
3.4.3.1 PHYSICO-CHEMI CAL CHARACTERISTICS OF WATER 3-12
3.4.4 NOISE ENVIRONMENT 3-12
3.4.4.1 TRAFFIC STUDY 3-14
3.4.5 SOIL ENVIRONMENT 3-15
3.4.5.1 SOIL QUALITY INTERPRETATION 3-15
3.4.6 LANDUSE 3-16
3.4.7 SOCIO - ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT 3-20
3.4.8 DESCRIPTION OF THE BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT 3-24
3.5 GEO HYDROLOGY 3-36
3.5.1 GENERAL GEOLOGY 3-36
3.5.2 DRAINAGE PATTERN OF THE AREA 3-38
3.5.3 GROUNDWATER DEVELOPMENT 3-38
CHAPTER-4 : ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES
4.1 IDENTIFICATION OF IMPACTS 4-1
4.2 PREDICTION AND EVALUATION OF IMPACTS 4-1
4.3 AIR ENVIRONMENT 4-2
4.3.1 DETAILS OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS 4-2
4.3.2 MITIGATION MEASURES 4-9
4.4 WATER ENVIRONMENT 4-10
4.4.1 CONSTRUCTION PHASE IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES 4-10
4.4.2 OPERATION PHASE IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES 4-10
4.5 SOIL ENVIRONMENT 4-10
4.5.1 CONSTRUCTION PHASE IMPACT AND MITIGATION MEASURES 4-11
4.5.2 OPERATION PHASE IMPACT AND MITIGATION MEASURES 4-11
4.6 NOISE ENVIRONMENT 4-11
4.6.1 DETAILS OF NOISE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS 4-11
4.6.2 CONSTRUCTION PHASE IMPACTS 4-11
4.6.3 OPERATION PHASE IMPACT AND MITIGATION MEASURES 4-11
4.6.4 IMPACT OF THE TRANSPORTATION 4-12
4.7 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND ITS MITIGATION
MEASURES FOR LAND USE
4-12
4.7.1 IMPACT ASSESSMENT 4-12
4.7.2 IMPACT OF LAND USE 4-12
4.7.3 MITIGATION MEASURES OF LAND USE 4-12
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Se. No. Title Page No.
4.8 ECOLOGICAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT 4-12
4.8.1 NATURAL VEGETATION 4-12
4.8.2 CROPS 4-12
4.8.3 FOREST, NATIONAL PARKS / SANCTUARIES 4-13
4.9 IMPACT ON SOCIO-ECONOMIC ASPECTS 4-13
4.10 PLACES OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL/HISTORICAL/RELIGIOUS/TOURIST
INTEREST
4-13
4.11 ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARD 4-13
4.12 MATRIX REPRESENTATION 4-16
4.12.1 CUMULATIVE IMPACT CHART 4-16
CHAPTER-5 : ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES (TECHNOLOGY & SITE)
5.1 ALTERNATIVES OF TECHNOLOGY 5-1
5.2 ALTERNATIVES OF SITE 5-1
5.2.1 DESCRIPTION 5-1
5.2.2 IDENTIFICATION OF ADVERSE IMPACT 5-1
5.2.3 MITIGATION MEASURES 5-1
5.2.4 SELECTION OF SITE 5-1
5.3 NO PROJECT ALTERNATIVE 5-2
CHAPTER-6 : ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM \
6.1 INTRODUCTION 6-1
6.2 MONITORING SCHEDULE DURING OPERATION PHASE 6-1
6.3 WORK ZONE MONITORING ARRANGEMENTS FOR HAZARDOUS
CHEMICALS 6-2
CHAPTER-7 : ADDITIONAL STUDIES
7.1 PUBLIC CONSULTATION/HEARING 7-1
7.2 RISK ASSESSMENT 7-1
7.2.1 INTRODUCTION 7-1
7.2.2 DETAILS OF MANUFACTURING PROCESS 7-2
7.2.3 STORAGE AND HANDLING 7-2
7.2.3.1 ANTIDOTES OF MAJOR PRDUCTS/RAW MATERIALS 7-5
7.2.3.2 ACTION PLAN FOR SAFETY PRECAUTIONS FOR THE STORAGE OF
MATERIALS
7-5
7.2.4 HAZARD AND ITS CONTROL MEASURES 7-6
7.2.5 RISK IDENTIFICATION AND ANALYSIS 7-7
7.2.5.1 MAXIMUM CREDIBLE LOSS ACCIDENT SCENARIOS 7-7
7.2.5.2 DAMAGE CRITERIA 7-8
7.2.5.2.1 SOFTWARE USED FOR CALCULATIONS 7-11
7.2.5.3 VULNERABILITY ANALYSIS 7-11
7.2.5.4 MAXIMUM CREDIBLE ACCIDENT SCENARIO 7-12
7.2.6 RISK PREVENTION AND RISK MITIGATION 7-19
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Se. No. Title Page No.
7.2.6.1 PREVENTIVE MEASURES 7-19
7.2.6.2 MITIGATION MEASURES 7-22
7.2.6.3 DO’S AND DON’TS 7-26
7.2.7 DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 7-27
7.2.7.1 OBJECTIVES OF EMERGENCY PROCEDURES 7-27
7.2.7.2 BASIS OF PLAN AND HANDLING OF EMERGENCY 7-27
7.2.7.3 INFORMATION ABOUT EMERGENCY AND SUBSEQUENT ACTIONS 7-28
7.2.7.4 INSTRUCTIONS TO EMPLOYEES 7-28
7.2.7.5 INSTRUCTIONS TO CONTRACTORS 7-28
7.2.7.6 MITIGATION OF CONSEQUENCES DURING MAJOR ACCIDENT 7-29
7.2.7.7 EMERGENCY CONTROL CENTRE WITH LIST OF EQUIPMENT AND
ACCESSORIES
7-29
7.2.7.8 INFORMATION REGARDING KEY PERSONS AND THEIR
RESPONSIBILITIES DURING EMERGENCY
7-30
7.2.7.9 EMERGENCY ORGANIZATION FOR IDLE HOURS 7-33
7.2.7.10 LIST OF IMPORTANT AUTHORITIES WITH THEIR ROLE IN EMERGENCY
AND TELEPHONE NUMBERS
7-33
7.2.7.11 INFORMATION ABOUT EXTERNAL COMMUNICATION SYSTEM 7-33
7.2.7.12 ANNOUNCEMENT SYSTEM DETAILS 7-33
7.2.7.13 OUT SIDE IMPORTANT ADDRESSES AND PHONE NUMBERS 7-33
7.2.7.14 REHERSAL AND UPDATION OF PLAN 7-34
7.2.7.15 INFORMATION ON ASSEMBLY POINTS 7-34
7.2.8 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY PROGRAM FOR THE PROJECT 7-34
CHAPTER-8 : PROJECT BENEFITS
8.1 PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE 8-1
8.2 SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE 8-1
8.3 EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES 8-2
CHAPTER-9: ENVIRONMENTAL COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS
9.1 ENVIRONMENTAL COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS 9-1
CHAPTER-10: ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
10.1 DESCRIPTION OF EMP 10-1
10.1.1 AIR ENVIRONMENT 10-1
10.1.1.1 FUGITIVE EMISSION & CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES 10-2
10.1.1.2 ODOUR MANAGEMENT PLAN 10-3
10.1.2 WATER ENVIRONMENT 10-3
10.1.3 NOISE ENVIRONMENT 10-4
10.1.4 SOIL ENVIRONMENT 10-4
10.1.5 SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT 10-4
10.1.6 ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT 10-5
10.1.7 HYDRO-GEOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT 10-7
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Se. No. Title Page No.
10.2 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY 10-10
10.3
CONCEPT OF WASTE-MINIMISATION, RECYCLE/REUSE/RECOVER
TECHNIQUES, ENERGY CONSERVATION, AND NATURAL RESOURCE
CONSERVATION
10-10
10.4 DESCRIPTION OF ADMINISTRATIVE ASPECTS 10-10
10.4.1 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT CELL 10-10
10.4.2 ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY 10-11
10.4.3 REPORTING SYSTEM TO THE DIRECTORS 10-11
10.4.4 BUDGETORY PROVISIONS FOR EMP 10-12
10.5 OCCUPATIONAL WORK ZONE MONITORING 10-12
CHAPTER-11: SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION
CHAPTER-12 : DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS ENGAGED
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LIST OF TABLES
TABLE
NO. TITLE
PAGE
NO.
2.1 DISTANCE OF NEAREST KEY INFRASTRUCTURE FEATURES FROM SITE 2-6
2.2 BREAK UP FOR THE PROPOSED INVESTMENT 2-8
2.3 BREAK UP FOR THE PROPOSED INVESTMENT FOR THE ENVIRONMENT
POLLUTION CONTROL MEASURE (EPCM) 2-8
2.4 PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE 2-9
2.5 CAPACITY OF PRODUCTS 2-9
2.6 DETAILS OF RAW MATERIALS 2-10
2.7 SOLVENT DETAILS 2-35
2.8 DETAILED LAND USE BREAKUP 2-35
2.9 FUEL REQUIREMENTS 2-35
2.10 DETAILS OF WATER CONSUMPTION 2-36
2.11 DETAILS OF WASTE WATER GENERATION 2-36
2.12 DETAILS OF STACKS 2-37
2.13 DETAILS SOLID/HAZARDOUS WASTE GENERATION 2-38
2.14 DETAILS SOLID/HAZARDOUS WASTE GENERATION 2-40
3.1 SITE SPECIFIC METEOROLOGICAL DATA (1ST OCT TO 31ST DEC, 2016) 3-5
3.2 DETAILS OF AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING LOCATIONS 3-6
3.3 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STATUS 3-7
3.4 DETAILS OF GROUND AND SURFACE WATER MONITORING
LOCATIONS
3-8
3.5 BASELINE GROUND WATER QUALITY 3-9
3.6 BASELINE SURFACE WATER QUALITY 3-10
3.7 DETAILS OF LOCATIONS FOR BACKGROUND NOISE MONITORING
STATIONS
3-13
3.8 BACKGROUND NOISE LEVELS 3-13
3.9 NOISE LEVELS DUE TO TRANSPORTATION 3-14
3.10 SAMPLING LOCATIONS OF SOIL MONITORING 3-15
3.11 PHYSICO-CHEMICALS CHARACTERISTICS OF SOIL 3-15
3.12 AREA STATISTICS OF LANDUSE/LAND COVER MAP 3-17
3.13 VILLAGE WISE DEMOGRAPHICAL DETAILS IN PIA 3-21
3.14 TREE SPECIES IN THE STUDY AREA 3-27
3.15 SHRUBS OBSEREVED IN THE STUDY AREA 3-28
3.16 HERBS OBSEREVED IN THE STUDY AREA 3-29
3.17 CLIMBERS OBSEREVED IN THE STUDY AREA 3-31
3.18 BIRDS OBSEREVED IN THE STUDY AREA 3-33
3.19 BUTTERFLIES OBSEREVED IN THE STUDY AREA 3-35
3.20 REPTILES OBSEREVED IN THE STUDY AREA 3-35
3.21 MAMMALS OBSEREVED IN THE STUDY AREA 3-35
3.22 SPECIES PROVIDED PROTECTION AS PER WILD LIFE PROTECTION ACT
1972 3-36
3.23 GROUNDWATER DEVELOPMENT OF DISTRICT 3-39
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TABLE
NO. TITLE
PAGE
NO.
4.1 DETAILS OF STACK EMISSION DATA 4-3
4.2 MAXIMUM GROUND LEVEL CONCENTRATION OF PM, SO2, NOx & HCl 4-4
4.3 SUMMARY OF ISCST3 MODEL OUTPUT FOR POLLUTANTS 4-9
4.4 POTENTIAL IMPACTS & MITIGATIVE MEASURES 4-14
4.5 IMPACT IDENTIFICATION MATRIX 4-16
4.6 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT MATRIX 4-17
4.7 CUMULATIVE IMPACT CHART 4-17
6.1 PROPOSED SCHEDULE OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING 6-1
7.1 HAZARDOUS CHARACTERISTICS & STORAGE OF RAW MATERIALS 7-2
7.2 LIST OF HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS INVENTRY & PROPERTIES 7-4
7.3 RISK ANALYSIS 7-4
7.4 ANTIDOTES OF CHEMICALS 7-5
7.5 HAZARDS AND ITS CONTROL MEASURE 7-6
7.6 DAMAGES TO HUMAN LIFE DUE TO HEAT RADIATION 7-9
7.7 EFFECTS DUE TO INCIDENT RADIATION INTENSITY 7-9
7.8 DAMAGE DUE TO OVERPRESSURES 7-9
7.9 WEATHER CONDITIONS 7-11
7.10 LIST OF PERSONNEL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT 7-22
7.11 LIST OF PROPOSED FIRE FIGHTING EQUIPMENTS 7-25
7.12 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH MONITORING 7-34
8.1 PROPOSED CSR ACTIVITIES 8-2
10.1 RECOMMENDED PLANT SPECIES FOR GREEN BELT DEVELOPMENT
ALONG THE BOUNDARY OF AS A WIND BARRIER AS WELL AS TO
PREVENT DUST POLLUTION
10-6
10.2 LIST OF SUITABLE ORNAMENTAL CLIMBERS/ SHRUBS AS
PLANTATION INSIDE THE GARDEN AND OPEN SPACES BETWEEN
DIFFERENT UNITS OF PROJECT SITE
10-6
10.3 BUDGETARY OUTLETS OF GREENBELT DEVELOPMENT FOR FIVE
YEARS
10-7
10.4 WATER REQUIREMENT 10-8
10.5 RAINWATER AVAILABLE FOR HARVESTING 10-8
10.6 WATER BALANCE 10-8
10.7 COST OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION MEASURES (RS. IN LAKHS) 10-12
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LIST OF FIGURES
Figure
No. Title
Page
No.
2.1 DETAILED MAP OF GANDHINAGAR DISTRICT SHOWING PROJECT
LOCATION
2-2
2.2 GOOGLE IMAGE OF THE PROJECT SITE 2-3
2.3 PHOTOGRAPHS OF THE PROJECT SITE 2-4
2.4 LAYOUT OF THE PLANT 2-5
2.5 KEY INFRASTRUCTURE FEATURES AND SETTLEMENTS 2-7
2.6 WATER BALANCE DIAGRAM 2-37
2.7 SCHEMATIC FLOW DIAGRAM OF PROPOSED ETP 2-40
3.1 LOCATION MAP OF THE PROJECT SITE WITH STUDY AREA 3-2
3.2(A) PREDOMINANT WIND DIRECTIONS (0300 UTC) 3-4
3.2(B) PREDOMINANT WIND DIRECTIONS (1200 UTC) 3-4
3.3 WIND ROSE DIAGRAM 3-5
3.4 LAND USE / LAND COVER MAP OF 10 KM RADIUS FROM STUDY AREA 3-18
3.5 SATELLITE IMAGERY OF THE STUDY AREA (10 KM RADIUS) 3-19
3.6 STUDY AREA MAP 3-26
3.7(A) GENERAL GEOLOGY OF GANDHINAGAR DISTRICT 3-37
3.7(B) GENERAL GEOLOGY OF MAHESANA DISTRICT 3-38
3.8 WATER LEVEL MAP, GANDHINAGAR 3-39
3.9 LOCATION OF AMBIENT AIR MONITORING STATIONS 3-40
3.10 LOCATIONS OF GROUND WATER SAMPLING STATIONS 3-41
3.11 LOCATIONS OF SURFACE WATER SAMPLING STATIONS 3-42
3.12 LOCATIONS OF NOISE SAMPLING STATIONS 3-43
3.13 LOCATIONS OF SOIL SAMPLING STATIONS 3-44
4.1 SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF 24-HOUR AVERAGE PM CONC. (µg/m3) 4-5
4.2 SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF 24-HOUR AVERAGE SO2 CONC. (µg/m3) 4-6
4.3 SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF 24-HOUR AVERAGE NOX CONC. (µg/m3) 4-7
4.4 SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF 24-HOUR AVERAGE HCl CONC. (µg/m3) 4-8
10.1 THE GENERAL DESIGN OF THE RECHARGE WELL 10-9
10.2 AN ORGANOGRAM OF ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT CELL 10-11
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LIST OF ANNEXURE
Annexure
No. Title
Page
No.
I TERMS OF REFERENCE LETTER AWARDED BY EAC A-1
II LAND POSSESION DOCUMENT A-10
III TSDF/INCINERATION MEMBERSHIP CERTIFICATE A-14
IV CLIMATOLOGICAL DATA A-16
V RAW DATA OF AAQM A-18
VI NATIONAL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS (NAAQS) (2009) A-22
VII INDIAN STANDARDS/SPECIFICATIONS FOR DRIINKING WATER IS:
10500-1991
A-234
VIII CLASSIFICATION OF INLAND SURFACE WATER (CPCB STANDARDS) A-27
IX CPCB RECOMMENDATIONS FOR COMMUNITY NOISE EXPOSURE (1989) A-28
X DAMAGE RISK CRITERIA FOR HEARING LOSS OCCUPATIONAL
SAFETY& HEALTH ADMINISTRATION (OSHA)
A-29
XI ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY A-30
XII NOC & CCA OF EXISTING UNIT A-31
XIII COMPLIANCE REPORT A-39
XIV SAMPLE OF REGISTER FORM 32 AND FORM 33 A-43
XV ACKNOWLEDGEMENT COPY FOR GROUND WATER PERMISSION TO
CGWA
A-45
XVI MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET FOR ALL THE CHEMICALS A-47
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COMPLIANCE OF TERMS OF REFERENCES (TOR)
TERMS OF REFERENCES (TOR) AWARDED BY: Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate
Change (MoEF&CC)
DATE OF TOR: 2nd August, 2016
TOR LETTER NO.: J-11011/115/2016-IA II (I)
TORS AND ITS COMPLIANCE
NO. TERMS OF REFERENCE COMPLIANCE
SPECIFIC TOR
1. Details on solvents to be used, measures for solvent
recovery and for emissions control.
Refer section 2.7.5 on page no. 2-35 of
Chapter-2.
2. Details of process emissions from the proposed unit
and its arrangement to control.
Refer section 2.8.6 on page no. 2-37 of
Chapter-2.
3.
Ambient air quality data should include VOC, other
process-specific pollutants* like NH3*, chlorine*,
HCI*, HBr*, H2S*, HF*, CS2 etc., (*-as applicable)
Refer section 3.4.2 on page no. 3-6 of
Chapter-3.
4. Work zone monitoring arrangements for hazardous
chemicals.
Refer section 6.3 on page no. 6-2 of
Chapter-6.
5.
Detailed effluent treatment scheme including
segregation of effluent streams for units adopting
'Zero' liquid discharge.
Refer section 2.9.1 on page no. 2-38 of
Chapter-2.
6. Action plan for odour control to be submitted. Refer section 10.1.1.2 on page no. 10-3 of
Chapter-10.
7.
A copy of the Memorandum of Understanding
signed with cement manufacturers indicating clearly
that they co-process organic solid/hazardous waste
generated.
Not Applicable
8.
Authorization/Membership for the disposal of liquid
effluent in CETP and solid/hazardous waste in
TSDF, if any.
Refer section 2.9.4 on page no. 2-41 of
Chapter-2 and refer annexure-III.
9. Material Safety Data Sheet for all the Chemicals are
being used/will is used.
Refer section 7.2.3 on page no. 7-2 of
Chapter-7 and refer annexure- XV.
10. Authorization/Membership for the disposal of
solid/hazardous waste in TSDF.
Refer section 2.9.4 on page no. 2-41 of
Chapter-2 and refer annexure-III.
11. Details of incinerator if to be installed.
There is no need to install captive
incinerator as common incinerator facility
is available for disposal of waste.
Membership for the same will be obtained.
12.
Risk assessment for storage and handling of
hazardous chemicals/solvents. Action plan for
handling & safety system to be incorporated.
Refer section no. 7.2.5 on page no. 7-7 and refer section no. 7.2.3.2 on page no. 7-5 of
chapter- 7.
13. Arrangements for ensuring health and safety of
workers engaged in handling of toxic materials. Refer 7.2.8 on page no. 7-34 of Chapter-7.
14. Details on solvents to be used, measures for solvent
recovery and for emissions control.
Refer section 2.7.5 on page no. 2-35 of
Chapter-2.
ADDITIONAL TOR
i
Public hearing to be conducted and issues raised and
commitments made by the project proponent on the
same should be included in EIA/EMP Report in the
form of tabular chart with financial budget for
Refer section 7.1 on page No. 7-1 of
chapter- 7.
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NO. TERMS OF REFERENCE COMPLIANCE
complying with the commitments made.
ii No wood or coal to be used in existing and proposed
boiler
Refer section 2.8.3 on page No. 2-35 of
chapter-2.
iii No groundwater to be extracted for proposed
expansion as well as existing plant
Refer section 2.8.5 on page No. 2-36 of
chapter-2 and annexure-XV.
iv Water requirement to be met from surface water
management/ collection and rain harvesting, etc.
Refer section 2.8.5 on page No. 2-36 of
chapter-2 and annexure-XV.
GENERIC TOR
1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Refer executive summary of EIA report
page S-1.
2. INTRODUCTION Refer sections of Chapter- 1.
i. Details of the EIA Consultant including NABET
accreditation Refer section of Chapter-12.
ii. Information about the project proponent Refer section 1.2 on page no. 1-1 of
Chapter-1.
iii. Importance and benefits of the project
Refer section 2.3 on page no. 2-1 of
chapter-2 and subsequent sections of
Chapter-8.
3. PROJECT DESCRIPTION
i. Cost of project and time of completion.
Refer section 2.5.1 on page no. 2-8 and
section 2.6 on page no. 2-8 and 2-9 of
Chapter-2.
ii. Products with capacities for the proposed project. Refer section 2.7.2 on page no 2-9 of
Chapter-2.
iii.
If expansion project, details of existing products
with capacities and whether adequate land is
available for expansion, reference of earlier EC, if
any.
Refer section 2.7.2 on page no. 2-9 and
refer section 2.8.1 on page no. 2-35 of
Chapter-2.
iv. List of raw materials required and their source along
with mode of transportation
Refer section 2.7.3 on page no. 2-10 of
Chapter-2.
v. Other chemicals and materials required with
quantities and storage capacities.
Refer section 7.2.3 on page no. 7-2 of
Chapter-7.
vi. Details of Emission, effluents, hazardous waste
generation and their management.
Refer section 2.8.6 on page no. 2-37,
section 2.8.5 on page no. 2-36 and section
2.9.1 on page no. 2-38, section 2.8.8 on
page no. 2-38 of Chapter-2.
vii.
Requirement of water, power, with source of supply,
status of approval, water balance diagram, man-
power requirement (regular and contract).
Refer section 2.8.5 on page no. 2-36,
section 2.8.2 on page no. 2-35 and 2.8.4 on
page no. 2-36 of Chapter-2.
Procedure for obtaining all necessary
permissions is under process.
viii.
Process description along with major equipments
and machineries, process flow sheet (quantities)
from raw material to products to be provided.
Refer section 2.7.4 on page no. 2-11 of
Chapter-2.
ix. Hazard identification and details of proposed safety
systems.
Refer section 7.2 on page no. 7-1 of
Chapter-7.
x.
Expansion/modernization proposals: a. Copy of all the Environmental Clearance(s)
including Amendments thereto obtained for the
project from MOEF/SEIAA shall be attached as
an Annexure. A certified copy of the latest
Monitoring Report of the Regional Office of the
Ministry of Environment and Forests as per
circular dated 30th May, 2012 on the status of
Project was established before publication
of EIA notification 2006.
CCA copy of existing unit is enclosed as
annexure-XII on page no. A-31 and CCA
compliance is enclosed as annexure-XIII
on page no. A-39.
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NO. TERMS OF REFERENCE COMPLIANCE
compliance of conditions stipulated in all the
existing environmental clearances including
Amendments shall be provided. In addition,
status of compliance of Consent to Operate for
the ongoing existing operation of the project
from SPCB shall be attached with the EIA-EMP
report.
b. In case the existing project has not obtained
environmental clearance, reasons for not taking
EC under the provisions of the EIA Notification
1994 and/or EIA Notification 2006 shall be
provided. Copies of Consent to Establish/No
Objection Certificate and Consent to Operate (in
case of units operating prior to EIA Notification
2006, CTE and CTO of FY 2005- 2006)
obtained from the SPCB shall be submitted.
Further, compliance report to the conditions of
consents from the SPCB shall be submitted.
4. SITE DETAILS
i.
Location of the project site covering village,
Taluka/Tehsil, District and State, Justification for
selecting the site, whether other sites were
considered.
Refer section 2.4 on page no. 2-1 of
Chapter-2 and also refer section 5.2 on
page no. 5-1 of Chapter-5 for the selecting
site.
ii.
A toposheet of the study area of radius of 10km and
site location on 1:50,000/1:25,000 scale on an
A3/A2 sheet. (including all eco-sensitive areas and
environmentally sensitive places).
Refer section 2.4.1 on page no. 2-6 of
Chapter-2 and figure-2.5 on page no. 2-7 of
Chapter-2.
iii. Details w.r.t. option analysis for selection of site Refer section 5.2 on page no. 5-1 of
Chapter-5.
iv. Co-ordinates (lat-long) of all four corners of the site. Refer section 2.4 on page no. 2-1 of
Chapter-2.
v. Google map-Earth downloaded of the project site. Refer section 2.4 on page no. 2-1 and
figure no. 2.2 on page no. 2-3 of Chapter-2.
vi.
Layout maps indicating existing unit as well as
proposed unit indicating storage area, plant area,
greenbelt area, utilities etc. If located within an
Industrial area/Estate/Complex, layout of Industrial
Area indicating location of unit within the Industrial
area/Estate.
Refer section 2.4 on page no. 2-1 and
figure no. 2.4 on page no. 2-5 of Chapter-2.
vii.
Photographs of the proposed and existing (if
applicable) plant site. If existing, show photographs
of plantation/greenbelt, in particular.
Refer section 2.4 on page no. 2-1 and
figure no. 2.3 on page no. 2-4 of Chapter-2.
viii.
Landuse break-up of total land of the project site
(identified and acquired), government/private –
agricultural, forest, wasteland, water bodies,
settlements, etc shall be included. (not required for
industrial area).
Refer section 2.8.1 on page no. 2-35 of
Chapter-2.
ix.
A list of major industries with name and type within
study area (10km radius) shall be incorporated.
Land use details of the study area
Refer section 2.4 on page no. 2-1 of
Chapter-2.
x. Geological features and Geo-hydrological status of
the study area shall be included.
Refer section 3.5 on page no. 3-36 of
Chapter-3.
xi. Details of Drainage of the project upto 5 km radius
of study area. If the site is within 1 km radius of any
Refer section 3.5.2 on page no. 3-38 of
Chapter-3.
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NO. TERMS OF REFERENCE COMPLIANCE
major river, peak and lean season river discharge as
well as flood occurrence frequency based on peak
rainfall data of the past 30 years. Details of Flood
Level of the project site and maximum Flood Level
of the river shall also be provided. (mega green field
projects)
xii.
Status of acquisition of land. If acquisition is not
complete, stage of the acquisition process and
expected time of complete possession of the land.
Refer section 2.8.1 on page no. 2-35 of
Chapter-2.
xiii. R&R details in respect of land in line with state
Government policy
This project does not involve rehabilitation
or replacement so no R&R is required.
5. FOREST AND WILDLIFE RELATED ISSUES (IF APPLICABLE):
i.
Permission and approval for the use of forest land
(forestry clearance), if any, and recommendations of
the State Forest Department. (if applicable).
Not Applicable
ii.
Landuse map based on High resolution satellite
imagery (GPS) of the proposed site delineating the
forestland (in case of projects involving forest land
more than 40 ha).
Not Applicable
iii.
Status of Application submitted for obtaining the
stage I forestry clearance along with latest status
shall be submitted.
Not Applicable
iv.
The projects to be located within 10 km of the
National Parks, Sanctuaries, Biosphere Reserves,
Migratory Corridors of Wild Animals, the project
proponent shall submit the map duly authenticated
by Chief Wildlife Warden showing these features
vis-à-vis the project location and the
recommendations or comments of the Chief
Wildlife Warden-thereon.
Not Applicable
v.
Wildlife Conservation Plan duly authenticated by
the Chief Wildlife Warden of the State Government
for conservation of Schedule I fauna, if any exists in
the study area
Not Applicable
vi.
Copy of application submitted for clearance under
the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, to the Standing
Committee of the National Board for Wildlife
Not Applicable
6. ENVIRONMENTAL STATUS
i.
Determination of atmospheric inversion level at the
project site and site-specific micro-meteorological
data using temperature, relative humidity, hourly
wind speed and direction and rainfall.
Refer section 4.3 on page no. 4-2 of
Chapter- 4 and refer section 3.4.1 on page
no.3-3 of Chapter-3.
ii.
AAQ data (except monsoon) at 8 locations for PM10,
PM2.5, SO2, NOX, CO and other parameters relevant
to the project shall be collected. The monitoring
stations shall be based CPCB guidelines and take
into account the pre-dominant wind direction,
population zone and sensitive receptors including
reserved forests.
Refer section 3.4.2 on page no. 3-6 of
Chapter-3.
iii.
Raw data of all AAQ measurement for 12 weeks of
all stations as per frequency given in the NAQQM
Notification of Nov. 2009 along with – min, max,
average and 98% values for each of the AAQ
parameters from data of all AAQ stations should be
Refer section 3.4.2 on page no. 3-6 of
Chapter-3 and Annexure-V.
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NO. TERMS OF REFERENCE COMPLIANCE
provided as an annexure to the EIA Report.
iv.
Surface water quality of nearby River (100m
upstream and downstream of discharge point) and
other surface drains at eight locations as per
CPCB/MoEF&CC guidelines.
Refer section 3.4.3 on page no. 3-8 of
Chapter-3.
v.
Whether the site falls near to polluted stretch of
river identified by the CPCB/MoEF&CC, if yes
give details.
No, site does not fall near to polluted
stretch of river identified by the CPCB
/MOEF&CC.
vi. Ground water monitoring at minimum at 8 locations
shall be included.
Refer section 3.4.3 on page no. 3-8 of
Chapter-3.
vii. Noise levels monitoring at 8 locations within the
study area.
Refer section 3.4.4 on page no. 3-12 of
Chapter-3.
viii. Soil Characteristic as per CPCB guidelines. Refer section 3.4.5 on page no. 3-15 of
Chapter-3.
ix.
Traffic study of the area, type of vehicles, frequency
of vehicles for transportation of materials, additional
traffic due to proposed project, parking arrangement
etc.
Refer section 3.4.4.1 on page no. 3-14 of
Chapter-3.
x.
Detailed description of flora and fauna (terrestrial
and aquatic) existing in the study area shall be given
with special reference to rare, endemic and
endangered species. If Schedule-I fauna are found
within the study area, a Wildlife Conservation Plan
shall be prepared and furnished.
Refer section 3.4.8 on page no. 3-24 of
Chapter-3.
xi. Socio-economic status of the study area. Refer section 3.4.7 on page no. 3-20 of
Chapter-3.
7. IMPACT AND ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN
i.
Assessment of ground level concentration of
pollutants from the stack emission based on site-
specific meteorological features. In case the project
is located on a hilly terrain, the AQIP Modelling
shall be done using inputs of the specific terrain
characteristics for determining the potential impacts
of the project on the AAQ. Cumulative impact of all
sources of emissions (including transportation) on
the AAQ of the area shall be assessed. Details of the
model used and the input data used for modelling
shall also be provided. The air quality contours shall
be plotted on a location map showing the location of
project site, habitation nearby, sensitive receptors, if
any.
Refer section 4.3 on page no. 4-2 of
Chapter-4.
ii. Water Quality modeling – in case of discharge in
water body. Not applicable
iii.
Impact of the transport of the raw materials and end
products on the surrounding environment shall be
assessed and provided. In this regard, options for
transport of raw materials and finished products and
wastes (large quantities) by rail or rail cum road
transport or conveyor-cum-rail transport shall be
examined.
Refer section 4.6.4 on page no. 4-12 of
Chapter-4.
iv. A note on treatment of wastewater from different Refer section 2.9.1 on page no. 2-38 of
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M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT T-6
NO. TERMS OF REFERENCE COMPLIANCE
plant operations, extent recycled and reused for
different purposes shall be included. Complete
scheme of effluent treatment. Characteristics of
untreated and treated effluent to meet the prescribed
standards of discharge under E (P) Rules.
Chapter-2.
v. Details of stack emission and action plan for control
of emissions to meet standards.
Refer section 2.8.6 on page no. 2-37 of
Chapter-2.
vi. Measures for fugitive emission control Refer section 10.1.1.1 on page no. 10-2 of
Chapter-10.
vii.
Details of hazardous waste generation and their
storage, utilization and management. Copies of
MOU regarding utilization of solid and hazardous
waste in cement plant shall also be included. EMP
shall include the concept of waste minimization,
recycle/reuse/recover techniques, Energy
conservation, and natural resource conservation.
Refer section 2.8.8 on page no. 2-38 of
Chapter-2.
Refer section 10.3 on page no. 10-10 of
Chapter-10.
viii.
Proper utilization of fly ash shall be ensured as per
Fly Ash Notification, 2009. A detailed plan of
action shall be provided.
Fly Ash will be sent to TSDF for disposal
or sent to brick manufacturer. Refer section
2.8.8 on page no. 2-38 of Chapter-2.
ix.
Action plan for the green belt development plan in
33 % area i.e. land with not less than 1,500 trees per
ha. Giving details of species, width of plantation,
planning schedule etc. shall be included. The green
belt shall be around the project boundary and a
scheme for greening of the roads used for the
project shall also be incorporated.
Refer section 10.1.6 on page no. 10-5 of
Chapter-10.
x.
Action plan for rainwater harvesting measures at
plant site shall be submitted to harvest rainwater
from the roof tops and storm water drains to
recharge the ground water and also to use for the
various activities at the project site to conserve fresh
water and reduce the water requirement from other
sources.
Refer section 10.1.7 on page no. 10-7 of
Chapter-10.
xi.
Total capital cost and recurring cost/annum for
environmental pollution control measures shall be
included.
Refer section 2.5.1 on page no. 2-8 of
Chapter-2.
Refer section 10.4.4 on page no. 10-12 of
Chapter-10.
xii. Action plan for post-project environmental
monitoring shall be submitted.
Refer section 6.2 on page no. 6-1 of
Chapter-6.
xiii.
Onsite and Offsite Disaster (natural and Man-made)
Preparedness and Emergency Management Plan
including Risk Assessment and damage control.
Disaster management plan should be linked with
District Disaster Management Plan.
Refer section 7.2.7 on page no. 7-27 of
Chapter-7.
8. OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
i. Plan and fund allocation to ensure the occupational
health & safety of all contract and casual workers
For plan refer section 6.2 on page no. 6-1
of Chapter-6 and section 10.2 on page no.
10-10 of Chapter-10 and for fund allocation
refer section 2.5.1 on page no. 2-8 of
Chapter-2.
ii.
Details of exposure specific health status evaluation
of worker. If the workers’ health is being evaluated
by pre-designed format, chest x rays, Audiometry,
Spirometry, Vision testing (Far & Near vision,
Refer section 6.2 on page no. 6-1 of
Chapter-6 and section 7.2.8 on page no.
7-34 of Chapter-7.
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NO. TERMS OF REFERENCE COMPLIANCE
colour vision and any other ocular defect) ECG,
during pre placement and periodical examinations
give the details of the same. Details regarding last
month analyzed data of above mentioned parameters
as per age, sex, duration of exposure and department
wise.
iii.
Details of existing Occupational & Safety Hazards.
What are the exposure levels of hazards and whether
they are within Permissible Exposure level (PEL). If
these are not within PEL, what measures the
company has adopted to keep them within PEL so
that health of the workers can be preserved,
Refer section 10.2 on page no. 10-10
section 10.5 on page no. 10-12 and section
10.1.1.1 on page no. 10-2 of Chapter-10.
iv. Annual report of heath status of workers with
special reference to Occupational Health and Safety.
Refer section 10.2 on page no. 10-10 of
Chapter-10.
9. CORPORATE ENVIRONMENT POLICY
i.
Does the company have a well laid down
Environment Policy approved by its Board of
Directors? If so, it may be detailed in the EIA
report.
Refer section 10.4.2 on page no. 10-11 of
Chapter-10.
ii.
Does the Environment Policy prescribe for standard
operating process / procedures to bring into focus
any infringement / deviation / violation of the
environmental or forest norms / conditions? If so, it
may be detailed in the EIA.
Refer section 10.4.2 & 10.4.3 on page no.
10-11 of Chapter-10.
iii.
What is the hierarchical system or Administrative
order of the company to deal with the environmental
issues and for ensuring compliance with the
environmental clearance conditions? Details of this
system may be given.
Refer section 10.4 on page no. 10-10 of
Chapter-10.
iv.
Does the company have system of reporting of non
compliances / violations of environmental norms to
the Board of Directors of the company and / or
shareholders or stakeholders at large? This reporting
mechanism shall be detailed in the EIA report
Refer section 10.4.3 on page no. 10-11 of
Chapter-10.
v.
Details regarding infrastructure facilities such as
sanitation, fuel, restroom etc. to be provided to the
labour force during construction as well as to the
casual workers including truck drivers during
operation phase.
Refer section 2.8.4 on page no. 2-36 of
Chapter-2.
vi.
Enterprise Social Commitment (ESC)
1. Adequate funds (at least 2.5 % of the project
cost) shall be earmarked towards the Enterprise
Social Commitment based on Public Hearing issues
and item-wise details along with time bound action
plan shall be included. Socio-economic
development activities need to be elaborated upon.
Refer section 8.2 on page no. 8-1 of
Chapter-8.
vii.
Any litigation pending against the project and/or
any direction/order passed by any Court of Law
against the project, if so, details thereof shall also be
included. Has the unit received any notice under the
Section 5 of Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 or
relevant Sections of Air and Water Acts? If so,
details thereof and compliance/ATR to the notice(s)
and present status of the case.
Not Applicable.
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NO. TERMS OF REFERENCE COMPLIANCE
viii. A tabular chart with index for point wise
compliance of above TORs.
Refer TOR and its Compliance of EIA/MEP
Report on page no. T-1.
ix. The TORs prescribed shall be valid for a period of
three years for submission of the EIA-EMP reports. Noted
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M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 1-1
CHAPTER – 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 PURPOSE OF THE REPORT
The purpose of the EIA study is identifying existing environmental condition, predicting environmental
impacts associated with the proposed expansion project and suggesting measures to mitigate the adverse
impacts and to delineate a comprehensive environment management plan along with recommendations and
suggestions. The different activities that are likely to take place have been identified and mitigation measure
has been proposed.
The overall objective of any EIA study is to identify and assess the adverse impacts of a project in the
planning stage itself, so that necessary mitigation measures to prevent or minimize these adverse impacts
can be planned early and cost-effectively. In view of this, the specific objectives of this EIA are,
• To have an in-depth know-how of the project and to identify the probable sources of pollution that
may arises from each stage of the process.
• To review the current environmental status of the study area within 10 Km radius of the project site
by collecting the baseline data on the environmental attributes including air, noise, water, land,
ecological, hydro-geological climate and socio-economic environments.
• To estimate the impacts of the project on the surrounding environment.
• To prepare a comprehensive Environmental Management Plan to ensure that the environmental
quality of the area would be preserved.
• To formulate a strategy for effective monitoring and identify any deviations in the environmental
quality after the project is operational, which would help in evolving measures to counter these.
1.2 IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECT & PROJECT PROPONENT
Identification of Project The Environmental Impact Assessment study is carried out as a part of the process to obtain Environment
Clearance for the proposed expansion of pharmaceutical manufacturing unit of M/s. Orbit Pharma
Laboratories falls under Category A, of schedule 5(f), Synthetic Organic Chemicals Industry (Outside
Notified Industrial Area) as per EIA Notification dated 14th September, 2006 & its subsequent amendments.
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) study was carried out during 01st October to 31st December, 2016
and accordingly EIA report has been prepared.
Project Proponents & their background
Mr. Kunal Kikani-CEO of the company (B.E. Chemical) 07 years of experience business and Mr. N. P.
Kikani (M.Sc.) 36 years of experience in business.
1.3 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT The proposed expansion project is Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Unit. The project is for Synthetic Organic
Chemicals Industry as per EIA notification 2006. The primary purpose of the expansion is to manufacture
important & some lifesaving drugs. At present, the Company is manufacturing 03 products and intends to
produce 08 new products along with 02 Intermediate products within existing premises.
1.4 SCOPE OF THE STUDY The scope of the EIA study is identifying existing environmental condition as per TOR, including Baseline
Monitoring of Ambient Air, Ground and Surface Water Quality, Ambient Noise Level, Soil Quality,
Ecology and Biodiversity, Land Use pattern and Socio-Economic condition of the area. Predicting
environmental impacts associated with the proposed project and suggesting measures to mitigate the
adverse impacts and to delineate a comprehensive environment management plan along with
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M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 1-2
recommendations and suggestions. The different activities that are likely to take place have been identified
and mitigation measure has been proposed.
1.5 STRUCTURE OF THE EIA REPORT
Draft EIA and EMP Report has been prepared in line with Terms of Reference (TOR) suggested by
Environmental Appraisal Committee (Industry-II) vide MoEF&CC letter No. F. No. J-11011/115/2016-
IA II (I) dated, 2nd August, 2016 attached as annexure-I.
The objective of the EIA study is a preparation of Draft Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) and
Environmental Management Plan (EMP) report based on the guidelines of the Ministry of Environment and
Forests (MoEF) and Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB). It incorporates the following.
• Chapter 1 is an Introduction to the Industry, purpose of the report, information of project proponent
and regulatory frame work.
• Chapter 2 presents a Description of Project and Infrastructure facilities including industrial and
environmental aspects of M/s. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES during operation phase
activities as well as manufacturing process details of proposed product. This chapter also gives
information about project location, raw material storage and handling, water and wastewater
quantitative and qualitative details, treatment of industrial and domestic effluent, details of air
pollution and its control system, type and quantity of hazardous waste generation and its
management, details of utilities etc.
• Chapter 3 covers Baseline Environmental Status including meteorological details, Identification of
baseline status of Environmental components of the surrounding area covering air, water, noise and
land environment, study of land use pattern, ecological and socio-economic environment giving
details about the study area.
• Chapter 4 deals with Identification and Prediction of Impact, which provides quantification of
significant impacts of the proposed project activities on various environmental components.
Evaluation of the proposed pollution control facilities has been presented.
• Chapter 5 describes the analysis of alternate technology and site.
• Chapter 6 describes Environment Monitoring Plan to be adopted.
• Chapter 7 gives the information of Public Hearing and additional studies like Risk Analysis and
Disaster Management Plan that is adopted by the company.
• Chapter 8 gives the Benefits of the projects.
• Chapter 9 gives Environment cost benefit analysis.
• Chapter 10 describes Environment Management Plan (EMP) to be adopted for mitigation of
anticipated adverse impacts if any and to ensure acceptable impacts.
• Chapter 11 gives the Summary and conclusion of the project.
• Chapter 12 gives the Information of the Consultant.
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M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 2-1
CHAPTER – 2
PROJECT DISCRIPTION
2.1 BRIEF PROJECT DISCRIPTION M/s. Orbit Pharma Laboratories was established in the year 1991 as a manufacturer and supplier of Speciality Pharmaceutical products. Manufacturing unit of the company is located at Block no. 155/1, 159, Chhatral-Kadi Road, Village Dhanot, Taluka Kalol, District Gandhinagar-382729. Orbit is managed by experienced and enthusiastic team.
2.2 TYPE OF PROJECT
M/s. Orbit laboratories is planning to expand pharmaceutical unit at Block No. 155/1, 159, Chhatral-Kadi Road, Village Dhanot, Taluka Kalol, District Gandhinagar – 382 729, Gujarat. Location of project is not within notified industrial area. Thus, the project falls under Category- A of schedule 5(f), synthetic organic chemicals industry as per the EIA Notification, September 2006 and & its subsequent amendments. Total existing production capacity is 3.25 MT/Month. After proposed expansion, production capacity will be 138 MT/Month. Existing pharmaceutical manufacturing unit is having CCA valid up to 08/01/2022.
2.3 NEED OF PROJECT The market of Pharmaceutical Drugs has fast progressing growth and there is ample opportunity in indigenous as well as export market. With the ever increasing world market demand for Pharmaceutical Drugs, the management having expertise in the same field and has decided to enhance its manufacturing capacity. The project is proposed with all required infrastructural facilities.
2.4 LOCATION The proposed expansion project is going to be established in existing premises. The area is having all infrastructure facilities for ease of the smooth project functioning. Project site is near to Kalol taluka of Gandhinagar district. Proposed expansion project of Pharmaceutical Drugs manufacturing unit at Block no. 155/1, 159, Chhatral-Kadi Road, Village Dhanot, Taluka Kalol, District Gandhinagar. The project site is located adjacent to the Kadi-Chhatral highway in south direction and State Highway-41 is around 2.8 km away from the project site in east direction. National Highway-8 is around 33 km in east direction from the site. Kadi Railway station is around 9 km from the project site in west direction. Ahmedabad Airport is around 32 km in south-east direction. Nearest village habitation is around 0.8 km in south-east direction. Kadi GIDC to Chhatral is industrial corridor, many industries is developed. Figure-2.1 is showing project site in India. Figure-2.2 is showing project site in google image with surroundings. Further, figure-2.3 and figure-2.4 shows photographs of the site and layout plan of the project respectively.
List of nearby Industries are as follows:
• Inter Chem. Corporation
• Akshar Dyes
• Subham Industries
• Suzuki Synthetics
• Khushboo Plywoods Pvt. Ltd.
• Sun Mark Stainless Pvt. Ltd.
• Kayel Syntex Ltd
• Arbuda Plastochem Pvt. Ltd.
• Ajay Organics and Chemicals Pvt. Ltd.
• Jawahar Plywoods Pvt. Ltd.
• G. R. Alloys Pvt. Ltd.
• Bhole Intermediates
• Virat Alloys Pvt. Ltd.
• G-One Agro Products Ltd.
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• Akash Agro Industries Ltd.
• Karan Paper mill and Radhe Packaging
• Many more industries in Chhatral GIDC.
Details of the project location
a) Village : Dhanot
b) Taluka : Kalol
c) District : Gandhinagar
d) State : Gujarat
e) Latitude : 23°16'52.50"N
f) Longitude : 72°24'47.72"E
Sr. No. Particular Latitude Longitude
1 North-East Corner 23°16'55.99"N 72°24'48.89"E 2 South-East Corner 23°16'50.08"N 72°24'49.23"E 3 North-West Corner 23°16'54.97"N 72°24'47.08"E 4 South-West Corner 23°16'50.24"N 72°24'47.39"E
FIGURE-2.1 DETAILED MAP OF GANDHINAGAR DISTRICT SHOWING PROJECT
LOCATION
Source: Maps of India
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FIGURE-2.2 GOOGLE IMAGE OF THE PROJECT SITE
Source: Google earth
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FIGURE-2.3 PHOTOGRAPHS OF THE PROJECT SITE
Entry Gate Factory Building
Greenbelt Storage shad
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2.4.1 KEY INFRASTRUCTURE FEATURES AND SETTLEMENTS Details like name, distance and direction of key infrastructure features and settlement from the project site is given in following table-2.1. As per toposheet of Survey of India (SOI) and available data, there is no defense installation, severely or critically polluted area, national park/wildlife sanctuary, ecologically sensitive area within 10 km radius of the project site. A topographical map obtained from SOI showing National Highway, State Highways, other roads with the railway lines, water bodies, etc is presented in figure-2.5. Topography of the area is plane. TABLE-2.1 DISTANCE OF NEAREST KEY INFRASTRUCTURE FEATURES FROM SITE
No. Nearest Infrastructure Feature Distance from Project Site
1. Nearest Village Dhanot around 2.2 km in North-East direction
2. Nearest City Chhatral City is around 2.8 km in East direction
3. Nearest National Highway NH-8C around 20 km in south East direction
4. Nearest State Highway SH-41 2.40 km in East direction
5. Nearest Railway Station Kalol Railway station 10 km in South-East direction
6. River Shabarmati river 27 km East direction
7. Nearest Airport Ahmedabad International Airport around 32 km in South- West direction
8. Nearest Sea Gulf of Khambhat 138 km in South direction
9. Nearest TSDF site Naroda TSDF site, Ahmedabad around 35 km in south-south-
east direction,
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FIGURE-2.5 KEY INFRASTRUCTURE FEATURES AND SETTLEMENTS
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2.5 MAGNITUDE OF OPERATION This proposed expansion project takes place from 3.25 MT/Month to total 138 MT/Month of production capacity. The process for manufacturing of the API & bulk drugs has been developed by in-house R & D. The primary purpose of the expansion is to manufacture important & life saving bulk drugs. Company is having 3 existing products and proposes new 08 products in expansion project. Addition of new products will be carried out in the existing land. Minor construction activity and some new plant machineries are required to manufacture additional products. The total project cost for the proposed expansion project would be around Rs. 5.45 Crores, so it is categorized as “Medium Scale Project” under Industrial Entrepreneurs’ Memorandum (IEM) scheme.
2.5.1 PROJECT COST The total cost of the proposed expansion project would be around Rs. 5.45 Crores. Total capital cost of pollution control measures will be Rs. 73.25 Lacs & recurring cost per annum will be 10 Lacs. The break-up of the project cost is shown in table-2.2 and table-2.3.
TABLE-2.2 BREAK UP FOR THE PROPOSED INVESTMENT
No. Description Cost (Rs. In Crore)
1 Land -
2 Site development 0.15
3 Building 0.82
4 Plant & Machinery 2.0
5 Environmental protection measures 0.73
6 Preoperative expense 0.34
7 Unpredictable expense 0.05
8 Working capital margin 1.36
TOTAL 5.45
TABLE-2.3 BREAK UP FOR THE PROPOSED INVESTMENT FOR THE ENVIRONMENT
POLLUTION CONTROL MEASURE (EPCM)
No. Particulars Capital Cost
(Rs. In Lacs.)
Recurring Cost
(Rs. In Lacs. Per Annum)
1. Air & Noise Pollution Control 10 0.8
2. Water Pollution Control 55 6.8
3. Environment Monitoring & Management 1.25 1.6
4. Occupational Health 1.5 0.3
5. Green Belt 2.8 0.5
TOTAL 73.25 10
2.6 SCHEDULE OF OPERATION AND IMPLEMENTATION
Implementation of project within a pre-determined time frame is an important factor for the success of a project. Timely implementation may save on various costs like interest, administrative overheads and helps to realize the goals as per pre-determined objectives. The implementation of the project will involve major activities like preparation of specification / drawings, issue of tenders, receipt of quotations, scrutiny of tenders, placing of orders, civil & structural construction, delivery & erection of equipment, test trial runs of various items of equipment and commissioning of the plant & equipment and completion of the project will take place after getting the necessary clearances from concerned authority, and the funding for the project has been tied up. A tentative schedule indicating the commencement, duration and completion of various activities, is presented as table-2.4.
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TABLE-2.4 PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE
No. Particulars Expected date of
Commencement Expected date of
Completion 1. Land Already acquired
2. Land Development (After Necessary
clearance) 2 months from EC 3 months from EC
3. Civil Works 3 months from EC 15 months from EC
Plant & Machinery & Other Fixed Assets
4. Placement of orders 3 months from EC 12 months from EC
5. Equipment Delivery 12 months from EC 24 months from EC
6. Erection & installation 20 months from EC 27 months from EC
7. Trial Production 28 months from EC 30 months from EC
8. Start of Commercial Production 30 months from EC
2.7 TECHNICAL AND PROJECT DESCRIPTION
2.7.1 CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITIES
The proposed project site is having existing Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API) & Bulk Drug Manufacturing Unit. Construction activities will be only for the expansion purpose. The project site is located outside the industrial area. This aspect shall be duly considered and taken care into during the detailed engineering phase while designing the structures. Construction materials, like steel, cement, crushed stones, sand, rubble, etc. are required for the Expansion and the same shall be procured from the local market.
2.7.2 PRODUCTION ACTIVITIES
List of existing and proposed products with their capacity is given in following table-2.5. The Company obtained NOC from SPCB before publication of EC notification 2006. NOC is given in Annexure-XII. TABLE-2.5 CAPACITY OF PRODUCTS
No. Name of Products Quantity (MT/Month)
Existing Proposed Total
1. Diclofenac Sodium IP/BP 2.5 22.5 25.0
A. 2:6 Dichloro DIphenyl N-Acetyl Chloride 0 50 50
B. 1-(2;6-Dichloro–Phenyl)–1; 3–Dihydro– Indole–2–one 0 25 25
2. Diclofenac Potassium 0.5 4.5 5.0
3. Diclofenac Diethyl Amine 0.25 2.25 2.5
4. Chlorzoxazone 0.0 3.0 3.0
5. Fenbendazole 0.0 10.0 10.0
6. Oxfendazole 0.0 5.0 5.0
7. Triclobendazole 0.0 2.5 2.5
8. Febantel 0.0 2.0 2.0
9. Closantel Base /Sodium 0.0 5.0 5.0
10. Gabapentine 0.0 1.0 1.0
11. Ondensetronticl Dehydrate 0.0 2.0 2.0
Total 3.25 134.75 138
By Products
1 Hydrochloric Acid 0 100 100
2 Aluminum Chloride Solution 0 70 70
3 Dil. Acetic Acid 0 48 48
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4 Liquor Ammonia 0 6 6
2.7.3 RAW MATERIALS REQUIREMENTS
Details of raw materials are given in following table-2.6. All major raw materials will be arranged through local vendors. Raw material for the unit will be procured from the different sources and it will be stored in separate chemical storage area.
TABLE-2.6 DETAILS OF RAW MATERIALS
No. Name of Raw Material MT/Month
1. 2,6-Dichlorophenol 69.81
2. Potassium Carbonate 31.30
3. Toluene 184.79
4. Methyl Mono Chloro Acetate (MMCA) 48.86
5. Aniline Oil 38.39
6. Chloro Acetyl Chloride (CAC) 62.83
7. Aluminum Chloride 43.18
8. Carbon 2.68
9. Acetic acid 19.82
10. Diethyle Amine 0.72
11. Hydrochloric Acid 15.13
12. 4 Chloro-2 Aminophenol 2.73
13. Urea TG 3.28
14. Hydro Sulphide of Soda 0.03
15. Caustic Lye 23.90
16. Methanol 229.34
17. 4-Chloro-2- Nitro Aniline 12.20
18. Thiophenol 7.32
19. Ferric Chloride 0.37
20. Hydrazine Hydride 9.76
21. Hydrogen Cyanide 7.32
22. Methyl Chloro Formate 8.54
23. Dimethyl Sulxoxide 0.55
24. Hydrogen Peroxide 1.60
25. Acetone 30.94
26. N(4-5) Dicloro-2 Nitro Phenyl Acetamide 2.38
27. Dimethyl Formamide (DMF) 2.38
28. 2:3 Dichloro Phenol 2.38
29. Nitrogen Gas 0.12
30. Hydrogen Gas 0.15
31. Raneynickel 0.26
32. Hyflow 0.10
33. Potassium Hydroxide 1.79
34. Calcium Disulphide 0.86
35. Dimethyl Sulfate 1.98
36. Isopropyl Alcohol (IPA) 0.24
37. Methoxy Acetyl Chloride 0.59
38. Methylene Dichloride 16.37
39. Xylene 6.22
40. Thiourea 0.59
41. 1-Decylbromide 1.19
42. Methychloro Formate 1.33
43. 1-1 Cyclohexane Diacetic Acid 1.80
44. Liq. Bromine 1.17
45. Caustic Soda Flakes 11.78
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No. Name of Raw Material MT/Month
46. Trietylamine 0.50
47. 1,3 Cyclohexadione 0.95
48. Phenyl Hydrazine 1.01
49. Zinc Chloride 0.95
50. Phosphorous Trichloride 1.52
51. Closantel Amine 3.03
52. 3:5 DiIodosalicylic acid 4.24
53. Sodium Metal 3.18
54. Caustic Potash 1.52
55. Catalyst 0.23
56. Para Formaldehyde 1.14
57. 2-Methylimidazole 0.65
58. Liq. Ammonia 0.79
Scheme of mode of transportation: The raw materials will be purchased from the local market and transported through trucks to the project site. Approximately 60 numbers of trucks per month will be required for transportation of raw material, finished goods and hazardous wastes, etc.
2.7.4 MANUFACTURING PROCESS Manufacturing process of the products is given below; major equipments for the project are Fractional Distillation Unit, Stainless steel Reactors, Centrifuge, Dryer, etc.
1. DICLOFENAC SODIUM IP/BP
Manufacturing process:
Stage – I
In SS reactor charge Toluene + 2,6 Dichloro Phenol + Potassium Carbonate & reflux for 12hrs & cool to room temperature & add Methyl Mono Chloro Acetate reflux for 5hrs & recover toluene. Ether is reacts with aniline in present of sodium Methoxide forms DichloroDIphenyl Aniline & Methanol to be recovered.
Stage – II
In a glass line reactor Dichloro diethyl amine previously drayed reacts with Chloro acetyl chloride toluene as a solvent forms N-Chloro acetyl 2:6 DichloroDIphenyl amine i.e. one of intermediates to be sale. The HCl gas generated to be scrub in water give Hydrochloric acid i.e. by product.
Stage – III
In a glass line reactor N-Chloroderi. Is reacts with Alluminium Chloride at boiling temperature the HCL gas is generated & scrub in water gives Hydrochloric Acid i.e. by product. After completion of reaction the mass is dumped in 2 times water then neutch filter it. The ML is alluminium chloride solution it recycle for three times i.e. by product. The product is Indolenone Intermediate & to be sales it.
Stage-IV
In a ss reactor in water Indolenone hydrolyzed by caustic solution & gives Crude Diclofenac Sodium filter it. The ML is waste water received.
Stage-V
Final Diclofenac Sodium Crude Diclofenac Sodium is dissolved in DM water, Carbon & charged reflux & filter, cool & centrifuge it. The ML is recycled in stage-IV. The products dry at 80˙c to 85˙c i.e. Diclofenac Sodium.
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2. DICLOFENAC POTASSIUM
Manufacturing Process:
Stage – I
In ss reactor charge Toluene + 2,6 Dichloro Phenol + Potassium Carbonate & reflux for 12hrs & cool to room temperature & add Methyl Mono Chloro Acetate reflux for 5hrs & recover toluene. Ether is reacts with aniline in present of sodium Methoxide forms Dichloro DIphenyl Aniline & Methanol to be recovered.
Stage – II
In a glass line reactor Dichloro diethyl amine previously drayed reacts with Chloro acetyl chloride toluene as a solvent forms N-Chloro acetyl 2:6 Dichloro DIphenyl amine i.e. one of intermediates to be sale. The HCl gas generated to be scrub in water give Hydrochloric acid i.e. by product.
Stage – III
In a glass line reactor N-Chloro deri. is reacts with Alluminium Chloride at boiling temperature the HCl gas is generated & scrub in water gives Hydrochloric Acid i.e. by product. After completion of reaction the mass is dumped in 1.5 times water then neutch filter it. The ML is alluminium chloride solution it recycles for three times i.e. by product. The product is Indolenone Intermediate & to be sales it.
Stage-IV
In a ss reactor in water Indolenone hydrolyzed by Potassium Hydroxide solution & gives Crude Diclofenac Potassium filter it. The ML is west water received.
Stage-V
Final Diclofenac Potassium, Crude Diclofenac Potassium is dissolved in DM water, charge carbon & reflux & filter, cool & centrifuge it. The ML is recycled in stage-IV. The products dry at 80˙c to 85˙c i.e. Diclofenac Potassium.
Chemical Reaction
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Flow Diagram
3. DICLOFENAC DIETHYL AMINE
Manufacturing Process: Stage-I: In a SS reactor charge water + Diclofenac sodium stirr for half an hour slowly, then add acetic acid & after completion of addition stir for an hour, which will produce Diclofenac Free Acid. Filter it & dry it. The ML is west water neutral. Stage-II: In SS reactor charge water and Diclofenac acid stirr well slowly add diethyl amine stirr for two hours. Cool to room temperature. Filter through centrifuge ML is neutral water. Dry the product i.e. Diclofenac Diethyl Amine dry.
Chemical Reaction:
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4. CHLORZOXAZONE Manufacturing Process: Stage-I: In a glass line reactor charge hydrochloric acid and 4-cap heat to reflux maintain for 4 hours. Ammonia gas generation to be scrub in water. Then charge catalyst reflux for one hour. Cool to 100˙c charge water stirr for half an hour filter & ML west water. Collect cake i.e. crude chlorzoxazone. Stage-II: In SS reactor charge methanol & crude reflux for one hour. Filter in next ss reactor adjust ph-6. Stirr for one hour & recheck it. Centrifuge it ML is west water for ETP. Collect cake of semi final product. Stage-III Purification: In ss reactor charge methanol + semi final cake & charcoal. Heat to reflux for two hrs. Filter is at 80˙c collect ML in ss reactor cool it to room temperature centrifuge it. Collect methanol dry the cake. Pulverize & pack it i.e. CHLORZOXAZONE USP. Chemical Reaction:
Flow Diagram:
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5. FENBENDAZOLE Manufacturing Process:
Stage – I (A) In a ss reactor charge Methanol & 5Chlorophenylthio- 2 -Nitro Aniline heat to reflux i.e.65˙C to 70˙C. cool to room temperature filter it. Collect crude Methanol & recover methanol from M.L. residue. The product it Nitro Thiophenyl Aniline charge Toluene & Nitrothiophenyl aniline heat to 70˙ - 80˙C start addition of Hydrazine Hydrate after completion of Hydrazine Hydrate check reduction completion test if ok cool to room temperature wash with water collect upper organic layer convert it in Hydro Chloride by adding con. HCl & water.
Stage – II (B) In glass line reactor charge water & hydrogen cynamide heat it to 50˙C. Then start addition of Methyl Chloro Formate & Caustic Flakes. After completion of addition check pH neutral. Stirr for one hour. The product is Methyl Carbono hydrogen cynamide. (B)
Stage – III Coupling (A) + (B) In a glass line reactor charge Acetone + Stage I(A) & Stage II(B) couple the both stages at room temperature stir for 5 hours below room temperature filter it. Collect cake i.e. crude Fenbendazole west water and product. Charge wet cake in SS reactor + methanol 2 times heat to reflux for one hour. Cool it filter it. Collect methanol & distilled out. Final product is FENBENDAZOLE.
Chemical Reaction:
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6. OXFENDAZOLE Manufacturing Process: In a dry clean glass line reactor charge acetic acid, Dimethyl Sulfoxide & Fenbendazole cool to 5˙C & add hydrogen peroxide slowly maintain 3 hours. Check TLC for reaction completion. Neutralize the mass with sodium hydroxide solution filter it & wash with acetone. Collect the cake & dry it i.e. OXFENDAZOLE dry.
Chemical Reaction:
Flow Diagram:
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7. TRICLOBENDAZOLE Manufacturing Process:
Stage-I In glass line reactor charge DMF and Dinitro phenoxy Acetamide & stirr for a hour. Charge Dichloro Phenol & Potassium Carbonate. Reflux for 8 hours. Check TLC for completion of reaction. Then charge Methanol & slowly add caustic lye solution. Maintain temperature 70˙C to 75˙C for 4 hours. Check TLC for absence of Dichloro nitro phenoxy Acetamide of reaction completed add water. Stirr for half an hour. Filter & wash it by water & collect cake then dry it. Dry wet is intermediate.
Stage-II In a SS auto clave reactor charge methanol and stage-I and Raney Nickel pass first Nitrogen Gas & then hydrogen gas rise pressure & temperature 50˙C maintain for 4 hours. Check sample ok. Filter it. Charge ML in another reactor charge potassium hydroxide & carbon sulphide at low temperature. Raise the temperature & reflux for one hour. Check completion of reaction. Distilled out methanol & add water and dil. HCl to pH 6.5. Filter it wash with water dry it at 90-95˙C Product Quantity and ETP west water is received. Stage-III In glass line reactor charge TBZ Thiol + Methanol at room temperature add slowly DMS. Raise temperature 70˙C to 75˙C & maintain 2-3 hours check reaction completion cool it. Filter it for wet cake. Charge wet cake in glass line reactor + methanol + carbon. Heats to reflux for 2 hours cool to room temperature filter it wash with acetone. Dry it. Chemical Reaction:
Cl
Cl
NO2
NH
CH3
O
N-(4,5-dichloro-2-nitrophenyl)acetamide
Chemical Formula: C8H6Cl2N2O3
Molecular Weight: 249.1
NO2
NH
CH3
O
OH
Cl
Cl
2,3 dichloro phenol
Cl
O NO2
NH2
5-chloro-4-(2,3-dichlorophenoxy)-2-nitroaniline
Chemical Formula: C12H7Cl3N2O3
Molecular Weight: 333.6
STAGE-IIA
CS LYE Sol'n
1) Ra-Ni
Cl
O NH2
NH2
Cl
Cl
Cl
O
N-(5-chloro-4-(2,3-dichlorophenoxy)-2-nitrophenyl)acetamide
Cl
Cl
Cl
Cl
4-chloro-5-(2,3-dichlorophenoxy)benzene-1,2-diamine STAGE-II
STAGE-I
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8. FEBANTEL Manufacturing Process:
Stage-I In reactor charge 2-Nitro-5-(Phenylthio) aniline & Methelene dichloride. Stirr the reaction mass at 25 to 30˚c. Then start addition of Methoxy acetyl chloride during half an hour. Maintain for 8 hours. Check the completion of reaction. Then recover Methelene dichloride. Then add water. Stirr for 2 hours. Filter it. The wet cake i.e. 2-Methoxy-N-[2-Nitro-5(phenylthio) phenyl] Acetamide (Nitro FBT-Acetamide). Waste water is generate. Stage-II
In an autoclave reactor charge methanol + Nitro FBT-Acetamide wet. Make inert atmosphere by passing Nitrogen gas & charge raney nickel. Then start pressuring hydrogen gas. Heat the reaction mass up to 70°c-80˚c check the hydrogen pressure constant. Check TLC for completion of reaction. Cool to room temperature add water. Drain out the mass by washing methanol. Filter the catalyst. Heat the mother liquor & recover methanol. Cool to 10°C. Filter it & give water wash. Give the suspension wash by Xylene. Then again filter it. Wet cake. Recover Xylene from M.L. Dry the wet cake. Dry wt i.e. N-[2-Amino-5-(phenylthio) phenyl]-2-MethoxyAcetamide (Amino FBT-Acetamide).
Stage-III In a dry & clean glass line vessel add methanol + Thiourea +1decyl bromide. Heat to reflux. Check for reaction completion by TLC. Distilled out methanol cool to room temperature add MDC + Potassium Carbonate soln + Methyl Chloro Formate slowly as the exothermic reaction maintain for 5hrs. Check for completion of reaction. Add water & separate layer. Bottom organic layer heats to reflux & recover MDC in residue add methanol & stirr for one hour & filter it. Collect ML for recovery of methanol. Wet cake. Dry it. Dry wt i.e. S-Decyl Bis Carbamate (1, 3 Bis (Methoxycaronyl)-2-decyl-2-thiopseudourea (Decyl thiopseudourea).
Stage-IV In a glass line reactor charge methanol + Amino FBT Acetamide + Decyl thiopseudourea & charge hydro Chloric acid. Stirr the reaction mass at room temperature check the reaction completion test by HPLC cool to 5˚C. Filter the solid mass unload the material. Recover methanol from M.L. & wet cake dump in methelene dichloride & add water & stirr the material at room temperature. Then allow to settle & separate aqueous layer & from organic layer distilled out methelene dichloride purified the product in methanol & filter it. Recover methanol from M.L. Collect wet cake & dry wt 135kgs. The product is FEBANTAL.
Chemical Reaction:
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9. Closantel Base /Sodium Manufacturing Process:
Stage-I In a dry glass line charge toluene. Add 3:5 Dilodosalicylic acid + Closantel amine heat to reflux & then add slowly phosphorus Trichloride. Maintain for 8 hrs check the completion of reaction. Cool to room temperature. Filter it wash with toluene & followed by water. Collect cake & dry is Closantel Base.
Stage - II Charge Closantel Base in ss reactor add caustic solution. Heat to reflux & maintain for 2 hrs. Cool to room temperature check pH should be alkaline. Filter it wash with water. Collect cake & dry it. Chemical Reaction:
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Flow Diagram
10. Gabapentine Manufacturing Process:
Stage - 1
Take water and NaOH in reactor to got clear solution. And cool -5 to -10 ˚C and charge 1.1 Cyclohaxane di acitic acid monoamide. Cool -5 to -10 ˚C and charge bromine liquid in 1 hour then temp. raise 35 to 40 ˚C for 3 hours. Charge MDC at 15 ˚c stirrer for 30 min. than charge HCl bring reaction mass pH 2.0. Stirrer for 30 min. then filter the mass to take crude. Charge methanol and wet cake stirrer 30 min. and filter the reaction mass. Take the stage 1 (84).
Stage - 2
Take acetone + water in reactor charge stage - 1 then charge TEA and bring reaction mass PH 7.2 stirrer 30 min. then filter the reaction mass and take crude. Take acetone + water add crude stirrer for 1 hours cool 0 to 5 ˚C for hours filter the reaction mass take wet cake and dry at 70 ˚C finish gabapentine 60.
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Chemical Reaction:
NH2
O
O
OH
Br2/NaOH
HCL
NH2
O
OH
.HCL
[1-(2-amino-2-oxoethyl)cyclohexyl]acetic acid [1-(aminomethyl)cyclohexyl]acetic acid
NH2
O
OH
.HCL
[1-(aminomethyl)cyclohexyl]acetic acid
TEA
NH2
O
OH
[1-(aminomethyl)cyclohexyl]acetic acid
Flow Diagram
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11. Ondensetron HCl Dihydrate Manufacturing Process:
Stage - I
Take water charge 1, 3, Cyclohexadione in reactor charge phenyl hydrazine in 2 hours. Then temp. raise 40˚C maintain for 3 hours and cool at RT. than filter reaction mass. Wet cake dry. Finish stage I.
Stage - II
Charge acetic acid charge zinc chloride heat at 85˚C for 1 hour. Than charge stage I maintain 100˚C for 3 hours and cool at RT add water then filter the reaction mass. Take crud wet cake charge methanol stirrer for 1 hours cool & filter stage II dry.
Stage - III Take acetone in reactor charge stage II caustic flakes and stirrer 30 min. add DMS stirrer for 3 hours cool and filter and dry.
Stage - IV Take DM water in reactor charge stage III charge formaldehyde heat 100 - 105 ˚C maintain for 6 hours. Than cool RT & filter wet cake dry ETP waste.
Stage - V Take DM water in reactor add stage IV cool at 15˚C and add Cons. HCl then add limidazole heat at 100 - 105˚C for 24 hours and cool 5˚C neutralise with liquor Ammonia solution filter & wash with chilled water take wet cake charge methanol add charcoal heat and reflux hot filter mother liquor cool 5˚C and stirr 1 hours and filter wet cake & dry 65˚C methanol recover from mother liquor.
Stage - VI Take DM water charge stage - V add methanol add HCl stirr for 24 hours at RT then cool 5˚C filter wet cake. Methanol recover from M.L. Waste water. Dry it cake. The product is ONDANSETRON HCl
DIHYDRATE IP / BP
Stage: 1
O
O
+
NHNH2
NH
O
N
1,3-cyclohexadione phenylhyadrezine Stage-1
Stage: 2
NH
O
N
Stage-1
ZnCL2
Acetic acidNH
O
1,2,3,9-tetrahydro-4H-carbazol-4-one
Stage: 3
NH
O
1,2,3,9-tetrahydro-4H-carbazol-4-one
DMS
NaOHN
O
CH3
9-methyl-1,2,3,9-tetrahydro-4H-carbazol-4-one
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Stage: 4
N
O
CH3
9-methyl-1,2,3,9-tetrahydro-4H-carbazol-4-one
N
O
CH3
CH2
9-methyl-3-methylidene-1,2,3,9-tetrahydro-4H-carbazol-4-one
Paraformaldehyde
Stage: 5
N
O
CH3
CH2
9-methyl-3-methylidene-1,2,3,9-tetrahydro-4H-carbazol-4-one
N
NH
CH3
N
O
CH3
N
N
CH3
Ondansetron Base
Stage: 6
N
O
CH3
N
N
CH3
Ondansetron Base
N
O
CH3
N
N
CH3
HCL
.HCL .2H2O
Ondansetron HCL dihydrate
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2.7.5 SOLVENT MANAGEMENT Solvents will be used for manufacturing of proposed products like Toluene, Methanol, Acetone, etc. All the spent solvent generated from the manufacturing process will be recovered and reused in the premises for the manufacturing of products. Solvent will be distilled in solvent distillation column having capacity of 10 kl. Solvent details are given in following table.
TABLE-2.7 SOLVENT DETAILS
Solvents Requirements Generation Recovered Residue
MTPM
Toluene 173.32 162.92 159.45 8.15
Aniline oil 38.39 36.09 35.32 1.80
Methanol Washing 35.21 33.10 32.39 1.65
Methanol 161.63 151.93 148.70 7.60
Acetone 24.44 22.97 22.48 1.15
2.8 COMPONENTS OF PROJECT
2.8.1 LAND Company is having 7066 sq. m. of private land area. No new land is required for the proposed expansion project. Detailed land use breakup of the plot area is given in following table-2.8 and plant layout shown in figure-2.4. Land documents are enclosed as annexure-II. TABLE-2.8 DETAILED LAND USE BREAKUP
No. Land Use Break Up Total Area
(sq. mt.)
1 Office and Factory shed 1177.07
2 Utility area 205.9
3 Storage area 112.20
4 ETP area 81.41
5 Waste storage area 94.65
6 Parking area 100
7 Greenbelt (33%) 2332
8 Open area 1762.77
9 Internal road area 1200
Total 7066
2.8.2 POWER REQUIREMENT Total power requirement will be 260 KW (60 KW existing and 200 KW proposed) will be sourced from UGVCL (Uttar Gujarat Vij Company Limited). During emergency purpose one D. G. Set of 100 KVA and additional one number of D. G. Set of 250 KVA will be utilized.
2.8.3 FUEL REQUIREMENTS
TABLE-2.9 FUEL REQUIREMENTS
No. Fuel Existing Proposed Total Remark
1 Wood Waste/ Agro
waste/ Coal 300 Kg/Day 2,700 Kg/Day 3000 Kg/Day
For Boiler & Hot Air
Generator
2 Coal - 1,800 Kg/Day 1800 Kg/Day For Thermic Fluid Heater
3 Diesel 8 Lit/Day 20 Lit/Day 28 Lit/Day For DG Sets
Note: Wood waste or Agro waste will be used as a fuel in the existing and proposed boiler, however as proposed Coal shall be used only in case of non-availability of wood waste or Agro waste.
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2.8.4 MANPOWER REQUIREMENTS For proposed expansion project total 100 (existing 19 and additional 81) personnel will be required. Out of total 30 personnel will be on contract basis. Preference will be given to local people on the ground of qualification. Local people will be hired for construction work so labor colony will not be required. Existing facility will be utilized for their requirements. During operation phase rest rooms and sanitation facilities will be provided for truck drivers if required.
2.8.5 WATER SOURCE, UTILIZATION AND WASTE WATER Total water requirement will be 60 KLD. Out of 60 KLD, 6 KLD will be used only for greenbelt development & 5 KLD for domestic purpose. 49 KLD water will be required for industrial purpose (boiler, cooling tower, for process, washing & others). Area available within premises and rain fall of the region, entire water requirement cannot be met from water management/collection and rain water harvesting. Considering this fact and non-availability of any other water sources in nearby area, entire water requirement for the proposed project will be met from ground water using bore well. Application for obtaining permission from the Central Ground Water Authority (CGWA) is already submitted, acknowledgment copy is given in annexure-XV. TABLE-2.10 DETAILS OF WATER CONSUMPTION
No. Purpose Water Consumption (KLD)
Existing Proposed Total
(A) Domestic 0.95 4.05 5.0
Industrial (B)
1. Process 3 9.35 12.35
2. Cooling tower 2 5
(3 fresh + 2 reuse)
7
(5 fresh + 2 reuse)
3. Boiler 3 23
(20 fresh + 3 reuse) 26
(23 fresh + 3 reuse)
4. Washing 2 4 6
5. Others 0.15 2.5 2.65
(B) Total Industrial water 10.15 38.85
(38.85 fresh + 5 reuse) 54
(49 fresh + 5 reuse)
(C) Green Belt 3 3 6
Total 14.1
45.9 (45.9 fresh + 5 reuse)
65 (60 fresh + 5 reuse)
TABLE-2.11 DETAILS OF WASTE WATER GENERATION
No. Purpose Waste Water Generation (KLD)
Existing Proposed Total
(A) Domestic 0.65 3 3.65
Industrial (B)
1 Processing 2 15 17
2 Cooling Tower Blow down 0.1 0.5 0.6
3 Boiler Blow down 0.1 3 3.1
4 Washing 1.15 4 5.15
5 Others 0.1 1.7 1.8
(B) Total Industrial water 3.45 24.2 27.65
(C) Green Belt -- -- --
Total (A+B+C) 4.1 27.2 31.3
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FIGURE-2.6 WATER BALANCE DIAGRAM
2.8.6 AIR POLLUTION
Air pollution is classified into point source emission and fugitive emissions. There are two main sources of point source pollution: Flue gas through utility Steam Boiler, Hot Air Generator, Thermic Fluid Heater and D.G. set & process gas emission through stack attached to reaction vessels. Emissions from point sources may include Particulate Matter (PM), Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), Oxides of Nitrogen (NOX) & Hydrogen Chloride (HCl). Details of air pollution sources are given in the following table-2.12.
TABLE-2.12 DETAILS OF STACKS
No. Stack Attached To Fuel Used Stack Height Pollution Control
System Final Concentration
EXISTING SCENARIO
1. Boiler * (1TPH) Wood Waste/ Agro waste / 300 kg/Day
30 meter Multi Cyclone SPM ≤ 150 mg/Nm3 SO2 ≤ 100 ppm NOX ≤ 50 ppm 2. Hot Air Generator 8 meter -
3. D.G Set (Stand By) 100 KVA
Diesel 8 Lit/Hr 03 meter Acoustic
Enclosures
SPM ≤ 150 mg/Nm3 SO2 ≤ 100 ppm NOX ≤ 50 ppm
PROPOSED SCENARIO
1. Boiler * (2TPH)
Coal/ Agro waste / 2700 kg/Day
30 meter Multi Cyclone SPM ≤ 150 mg/Nm3
SO2 ≤ 100 ppm NOX ≤ 50 ppm
2. Thermic Fluid Heater
(2 lac Kcal)
Coal
1800 kg/day 30 meter Multi Cyclone
SPM ≤ 150 mg/Nm3
SO2 ≤ 100 ppm NOX ≤ 50 ppm
3. D.G Set (Stand By) 250 KVA
Diesel 20 Lit/Hr
09 meter Acoustic
Enclosures
SPM ≤ 150 mg/Nm3 SO2 ≤ 100 ppm NOX ≤ 50 ppm
* There will be a common stack for existing and proposed boiler
PROCESS EMISSION
No. Stack Attached To Stack Height Pollution Control System Final Concentration
EXISTING SCENARIO
1. Reaction vessels 09
meter
Water scrubber followed by
Alkali Scrubber HCl ≤ 20 mg/Nm
3
Fresh water 60 KLD
Domestic 5 KLD
Domestic water
3.65 KLD
Process 12.35
KLD
Concentrate Stream
17 KLD
Soak pit/well
Boiler 26
(23+3) KLD
Boiler Blow
Down 3.1 KLD
Cooling 7
(5+2) KLD
Boiler Blow
Down 0.6 KLD
Washing
6 KLD
Waste water
5.15 KLD
Others
2.65 KLD
Boiler Blow
Down 1.8 KLD
Gardening
6 KLD
ETP
10.65 KLD Send to Common
evaporation
Single stage
evaporator
Dilute Stream
5 KLD
Condensate
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No. Stack Attached To Stack Height Pollution Control System Final Concentration
PROPOSED SCENARIO
1. Reaction vessels 09 meter Water scrubber followed by
Alkali Scrubber HCl ≤ 20 mg/Nm3
2.8.6.1 SOURCE OF FUGITIVE OR SECONDARY EMISSIONS The fugitive dust emissions from the proposed plant will be significant and the sources listed as under:
1. Loading unloading section 2. Material Handling Section and Transfer Points 3. Leak/ spill from storage vessels/ facilities 4. Leak from pumps, valves and pipes 5. Transportation of vehicles
2.8.7 NOISE POLLUTION The noise levels are primarily generated due to industrial activities like mechanical movement and material handling. Noise may result from loading unloading, motors, vehicular movement, generators, etc.
2.8.8 LAND/SOIL POLLUTION Details of solid/hazardous wastes generation are given in the following table-2.13. TABLE-2.13 DETAILS SOLID/HAZARDOUS WASTE GENERATION
No. Name of the Waste Catego
ry No.
Existing
(MT/M)
Proposed
(MT/M)
Quantity
(MT/M) Method of Storage and Disposal
1 ETP Sludge 35.3 2 13 15 Collection, storage and transport
to TSDF site.
2 Used Oil 5.1 0.025 MT/Y
0.025 MT/Y
0.05 MT/Y
Collection, storage and reuse as lubricants in the machineries within the premises only or send to authorized re-processors.
3 Discarded Containers/Barrels/ plastic
33.1 300
nos/year 300
nos/year 600
nos/year
Collection, storage and send to authorized recycler after decontamination.
4 Date Expired, discard and off specification medicines
28.4/ 28.5
What so ever to be generated
1.0 1.0 After giving proper treatment will be disposed at CHWF/TSDF
5 Fly Ash - - 18 18 Collection, storage and send to brick manufacturer or send to
TSDF site.
6 Solvent Residue 36.1 - 20.35 20.35 Collection, storage and sent for incineration
7 Evaporator salt - - 5 5 Collection, storage and transport to TSDF site.
2.9 ENVIRONMENNTAL MITIGATION MEASURES
2.9.1 MITIGATION MEASURES FOR WATER POLLUTION In existing scenario 4.1 KLD waste water is generating which includes 0.65 KLD domestic waste water and remaining 3.45 KLD is industrial effluent. Domestic waste water is disposed through septic tank/soak pit. While industrial effluent is treated in ETP and after treatment it is evaporated through single stage evaporator. After the proposed expansion, around 31.3 KLD waste water will be generated. Domestic waste water will be generated around 3.65 KLD and disposed through septic tank/soak pit. While industrial effluent around 27.65 KLD will be generated. Total effluent will be segregated into two streams i.e. concentrated stream and dilute stream. Dilute stream will be treated in proposed upgraded ETP and treated water will be
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evaporated through single stage evaporator. Thus, dilute stream will be for Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD). Concentrated stream effluent will be sent to common evaporation facility at Chhatral. For treating wastewater, Effluent Treatment Plant with details is given in following sections. Schematic flow diagram of existing & proposed ETP is shown in figure-2.9. Details of ETP units are given in table-2.13 and characteristic of treated and untreated effluent is given in table-2.12.
2.9.1.1 DETAILS OF EFFLUENT TREATMENT PLANT (ETP) During the manufacturing of products, effluent is generated. From this effluent two streams are segregated, concentrated and dilute stream. Concentrated Stream:
Concentrated stream is collected separately and neutralized, if required and then it is transported through designated tankers for spray drying (Common Evaporation) facility. ETP unit details for concentrated stream are given below:
Unit Details of ETP for High COD
SR. NO. UNITS DIMENSION (M3) NOS MOC
01 Collection cum neutralization tank 2.5 m x 2.5 m x 2.5 m 2 Nos. RCC
02 Neutralization effluent holding tank 2.5 m x 2.5 m x 2.5 m 1 No. RCC
03 Filter press - 1 No -
Dilute Stream:
Dilute stream is/will be treated in existing ETP where effluent is first flow to equalization cum neutralization tank where it is homogenized and neutralized, if required. Homogenized and neutralized effluent is pumped at uniform rate to flocculating channel. Effluent at flocculating channel is mixed with lime solution and suitable coagulant solution and flock formation takes place flocked effluent then it flow to primary settling tank. Effluent is calm condition, hence settleable solids or flocks settle at bottom to form sludge and it is periodically removed and taken to sludge drying beds for sun drying. Top supernatant flows to aeration tank. The effluent is undergo aerobic biological degradation by conversion of organic matter in to micro-organisms or bio-sludge. Necessary oxygen for marinating aerobic condition is supplied with provision of surface aerator of suitable capacity. Effluent at equilibrium state of micro-organisms if flow to secondary settling tank. Effluent here is allow micro-organisms or bio-sludge to settle at bottom which is pumped and necessary quality of bio-sludge, for marinating desired level of micro-organism, recycled to aeration tank, where as excess sludge is bled to sludge drying beds for sun drying. Top supernatant is stored in treatment effluent sump.
Unit Details of ETP for Dilute Stream
SR. NO. UNITS DIMENSION (M3) NOS MOC
1. Oil & Grease Trap 2.10 x0 1.50 x 1.00 1 RCC
2. Collection Tank cum Neutralization Tank
2.50 x 2.00 x 2.00 1 RCC
3. Flocculation Channel 2.75 x 0.40 x 0.20 1 RCC
4. Primary settling Tank 2.75 x 2.75 x 1.80 1 RCC
5. Aeration Tank 6.50 x 6.50 x 2.75 1 RCC 6. Secondary settling Tank 3.50 x 3.50 x 1.80 1 RCC
7. Treated Effluent Sump 2.00 x 2.0 x 2.0 1 RCC 8. Sludge drying Bed 2.00 x 2.00 x 1.10 4 RCC
9. Single stage evaporator 5 KL 1 -
Proposed Scenario
10. Single stage evaporator/ Spray Dryer
5 KL 1 -
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TABLE-2.14 CHARACTERISTICS OF TREATED AND UNTREATED EFFLUENT
Dilute Stream No. Parameters Untreated Parameters (mg/l) Treated Parameters (mg/l)
1 pH 7 – 7.5 6.8 – 7.2
2 BOD 1,000 <30
3 COD 2,500 <100
4 TDS 3,500 <2,100
5 Oil and Grease 2 - 2.5 Nil (Treated in ETP with single stage evaporator)
Concentrated Stream No. Parameters Untreated Parameters (mg/l) Treated Parameters (mg/l)
1 pH 7 6.8 – 7.2
2 BOD 10,000 <30
3 COD 22,000 <100
4 TDS 25,000 <2,100
5 Oil and Grease 2.5 – 3 Nil (Sent for common Evaporation Facility)
FIGURE-2.7 SCHEMATIC FLOW DIAGRAM OF ETP
Existing ETP is more than sufficient to cater the additional effluent of 24.2 KLD to treat in existing ETP. In the proposed scenario, one additional 5 KL single stage evaporator will be added to treat Dilute stream effluent. And concentrated stream effluent will be sent to common Evaporation facility to achieve zero liquid discharge. 2.9.2 MITIGATION MEASRURES FOR AIR POLLUTION
Sufficient stack height & scrubbers at vent will be provided as APCM to control the air pollution. Details are given in table-2.10.
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2.9.2.1 MITIGATION MEASURES FOR FUGITIVE OR SECONDARY EMISSIONS The fugitive emissions of organic chemicals and VOCs mainly occur due to tank breathing losses, Leaking pipe fitting and valves, during maintenance operations. Though these are not expected to be significant, the following measures will be followed to ensure compliance and further reductions wherever possible.
• The fugitive emissions in terms of handling losses will get reduced by proper storage and handling.
• Hazardous chemicals will be stored as per standard criteria.
• Periodically monitoring will be carried out as per the post project monitoring plan.
• Proper ventilation in storage & production area shall be ensured and all materials must be stored in suitable packing to prevent contamination of air due to particulates & volatile emissions from storage container & area.
• Enclosed system & efficient procedures for materials charging shall be ensured.
• Procedures for start-up shut down, operation & maintenance procedures shall be established & maintained in all relevant area of works.
• The coverage of greenbelt around the plant also acts as natural barrier to stop carrying of dust along with the wind current.
• Good housekeeping will be maintained in the plant.
• Risk analysis will be done at every stage to identify potential risks and install appropriate elimination / mitigation systems
2.9.3 MITIGATION MEASURES FOR NOISE POLLUTION
During Construction Phase
Following measures are proposed during construction period to mitigate adverse impacts:
• Construction machinery and vehicles will undergo periodic maintenance to keep them in good working condition.
• All machineries to be used for construction purpose will be of highest standard of reputed make and compliance of noise pollution control norms by these equipments will be emphasized by the company.
• Feasibility of putting up acoustic enclosure / temporary barrier around areas with high noise levels will also be explored.
• All construction workers working in high noise areas will be provided appropriate PPEs like ear muffs and made to wear them during working hours.
• Possibility of raising green belt along with construction activity will also be explored so as to serve as a noise barrier.
During Operation Phase Following precautionary measures will be adopted to control the noise level:
• Noise generating sources and their platforms will be maintained properly to minimize noise vibrations generated by them
• Personnel working near the noisy machines in different plant locations, will be provided with well designed ear muffs / plugs (effective noise reduction 10-15 dBA)
• Green belt will be improved to act as a noise barrier.
• Noise barriers / shields in the form of walls, beams will be provided around the units wherever found feasible
• Training to personnel will be imparted to generate awareness about effects of noise and importance of using PPEs (Personal Protective Equipments).
2.9.4 MITIGATION MEASURES FOR LAND/SOIL POLLUTION ETP Sludge will be sent to nearest TSDF site for dumping. Used Oil will be reused as lubricants in the machineries within the premises only or sent to authorize re-processors. Discarded Containers/ Barrels/ plastic will be sent to authorize recycler after decontamination. Date Expired, discard and off specification medicines, after giving proper treatment will be disposed at CHWF/TSDF. Solvent residue will be sent for incineration. Fly Ash will be sent to brick manufacturer or sent to TSDF site. The membership of common hazardous waste treatment storage and disposal facility (TSDF) of Ecocare, Surendranagar and TSDF membership certificate is attached as Annexure-III. For further details, refer table-2.11.
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CHAPTER – 3
BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL STATUS
3.1 DESCRIPTION OF THE STUDY AREA The baseline status of environmental quality in the vicinity of project site serves as the basis for
identification, prediction and evaluation of impacts. The baseline environmental quality is assessed through
field studies within the impact zone for various components. Study area for the Environmental Impact
Assessment is within 10 km radius from the project site. Location map of the project site with study area is
given in figure-3.1. Baseline data generation of the following environmental attributes is essential in EIA
studies.
I. Meteorology
II. Ambient Air Quality
III. Ambient Noise Quality
IV. Surface and Ground Water Quality
V. Soil Quality & Geological Features
VI. Land use pattern
VII. Biological Information
VIII. Socio-economic status survey
3.2 PERIOD OF MONITORING The baseline environmental quality has been assessed during Post-Monsoon Season i.e 1
st October to 31
st
December, 2016 in a study area of 10 km radial distance from the project site.
3.3 COMPONENTS AND METHODOLOGY
In the process of Environmental Impact Assessment, baseline study is conducted for the environmental
components like; air, noise, water, soil quality, land use, ecology & biodiversity and socio-economic. For
the collection of baseline data of these components, primary and secondary data collection methodology is
followed. The study was finalized with the TORs approved by the Ministry of Environment, Forest &
Climate Change (MoEF&CC), New Delhi. Compliance of this TOR points are complied in a separate
section in this report.
Primary data has been collected through field monitoring for meteorological conditions, ambient air
quality, water quality, noise quality, soil quality, etc, which includes major portion of the baseline
environmental studies. In addition to these important studies, further studies like land use, socio-economic
studies, ecological and biodiversity studies, hydrogeology, etc. are covered during the study period.
Secondary information sources and constitutes is used for these studies and remaining parts of the baseline
environmental studies.
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FIGURE-3.1 LOCATION MAP OF THE PROJECT SITE WITH STUDY AREA
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3.4 BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL DATA
3.4.1 METEOROLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT
Climate of Study Area Gandhinagar has a tropical wet and dry climate with three main seasons: summer, monsoon and winter. The
climate is generally dry and hot outside of the monsoon season. The weather is hot to severely hot from
March to June when the maximum temperature. It is pleasant in the winter days and quite chilling in the
night during December to February. The southwest monsoon brings a humid climate from mid-June to mid-
September. The average annual rainfall is around 803.4 mm (31.63 in).
Meteorology Air borne pollutants is dispersed by atmospheric motion. Knowledge of these motions which range is scale
from turbulent diffusion to long-range transport by weather systems. It is essential to simulate such
dispersion and quality of impacts of air pollution on the environment. The purpose of EIA is to determine
whether average concentrations are likely to encounter at fixed locations (Know as the receptor), due to the
given sources (locations and rates of emission known), under idealized atmospheric conditions. It is
imperative that one should work with idealized condition and all analysis pertaining to air turbulence and
ambient air or noise pollution should be done with meteorological conditions, which can be best expected
to occur. The details of measurement technique, instruments, specification of measurement standards and
accuracy of instruments are adopted from the “Guidelines for micrometeorological technique in Air
Pollution Studies” Care is taken to install the anemometer within a distance of six times the height of
nearest vertical terrain elements (house, trees etc.) and height of 10 m from the average ground level of the
fetch area. Climatological Tables of Observatories in India 1981-2010” issued by “The Director General of
Meteorology, New Delhi” which is shown as annexure-IV for the station of Ahmedabad.
Temperature Details Temperature varies from season to season. Mean daily maximum temperature was recorded in the month of
May at 41.6°C. Highest mean temperature in the month, recorded in May, was 44.4°C. From November to
January, both day and night temperatures begin to decrease rapidly. January is generally the coldest month,
with mean morning temperatures of 7.9°C. Mean daily minimum temperature of about 12.4°C is recorded
in January. During the post-monsoon season, day temperatures remain between 21.4 – 35.7 ºC. In winters,
i.e. January to February, day temperatures remain between 12.4 – 30.8ºC.
Relative Humidity (RH) Most humid conditions are found in the monsoon season. Thereafter, it decreases gradually during post-
monsoon, winter and summer season in that order. Mornings are more humid than evenings and humidity
ranges from a high of 74 to 87% in monsoon mornings to a low of 20 to 25% in summer evenings. During
post-monsoon season, morning humidity remains between 57 to 65% and during the evening it remains
between 36 to 41%.
Rainfall Average annual rainfall for the Ahmedabad station was observed 750.9 mm. Allocation of rainfall by
season was 4.3 mm in winter (December, January, February), 10.0 mm in summer (March, April, May),
724.2 mm in monsoons (June, July, August, September) and 14.0 mm in post-monsoons (October to
November).
Predominant Wind Direction
Pre dominant wind direction is shown as following figure-3.2 A and figure-3.2 B.
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FIGURE-3.2 A PREDOMINANT WIND DIRECTIONS (0300 UTC)
October November December
FIGURE-3.2 B PREDOMINANT WIND DIRECTIONS (1200 UTC)
October November December
The annual variations in average wind speed recorded at 0300 and 1200 UTC at Ahmedabad during the
period of 1971-2000. As per India Meteorological Department (IMD), Atlas of wind roses, 1971-2000 the
predominant wind direction during the study period is observed to be from NE and E direction.
Site Specific Meteorological Environment
Meteorological station was installed at the project site to record micrometeorological parameters on hourly
basis during the study period (1st October to 31st December, 2016) to understand the wind pattern,
temperature variation, relative humidity variation, etc. Site-specific mean meteorological data is given in
following table-3.1 and the wind rose diagram processed by the Industrial Source Complex – Short Term
(ISCST3) software based on data collected at site is shown in figure-3.3.
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TABLE-3.1 SITE SPECIFIC METEOROLOGICAL DATA (1ST
OCT TO 31ST
DEC, 2016)
Meteorological Parameter Month of Year 2016
1st Month 2
nd Month 3
rd Month
Temperature (0C)
Min.
Max.
Avg.
23
39
29
18
36
26
13
34
23
Relative Humidity (%)
Min.
Max.
Avg.
16
83
36
15
94
43
13
94
46
Wind Speed (km/hr)
Min.
Max.
Avg.
00.00
06.00
01.50
00.00
05.00
01.40
00.00
05.80
01.00
Wind Direction NE
Rain Fall Nil
FIGURE-3.3 WIND ROSE DIAGRAM
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3.4.2 AIR ENVIRONMENT
Design of Network for Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations The air quality status in the impact zone is assessed through a network of ambient air quality monitoring
locations. The tropical climatic conditions mainly control the transport and dispersion of air pollutant
during various seasons.
The baseline studies for air environment include identification of specific air pollutants prior to
implementation of the project. The EIA study requires monitoring of baseline air quality during one season.
Accordingly, air quality monitoring was carried out in during 1st October to 31
st December, 2016. The
baseline status of the air environment is assessed through a systematic air quality surveillance programme,
which is planned based on the following criteria:
• Topography / terrain of the study area
• Regional synoptic scale climatologically normal
• Densely populated areas within the region
• Location of surrounding industries
• Representation of regional background
• Representation of valid cross-sectional distribution in downwind direction
Reconnaissance
Reconnaissance was undertaken to establish the baseline status of air environment in the study region. Eight
Ambient Air Quality Monitoring (AAQM) locations were selected based on guidelines of network sitting
criteria. All AAQM locations were selected within the study area of 10 km radial distance from the project
site as per standard TOR.
Methodology for Ambient Air Quality Monitoring The ambient air quality monitoring was carried out in accordance with guidelines of Central Pollution
Control Board (CPCB) of June 1998 and National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) of CPCB vide
G.S.R. No. 826(E) dated 18th November, 2009. Ambient Air Quality Monitoring (AAQM) was carried out
at eight locations during 16th March to 15th June, 2016 for parameters such as Particulate Matter (PM10 and
PM2.5), Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx), Carbon monoxide (CO), Hydrogen Chloride
(HCl), and Volatile Organic Compound (VOC). The monitoring was carried out 24 hours a day twice a
week per location in the study area. Twenty-four numbers of observations were taken at each monitoring
location. The locations of the different stations with respect to its distance and direction from project site
are shown in table-3.2 and figure-3.9 respectively. Raw data of AAQM enclosed as annexure-V.
The values for mentioned concentrations of various pollutants at all the monitoring locations were
processed for different statistical parameters like arithmetic mean, minimum concentration, and maximum
concentration and percentile values. The existing baseline levels of PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOX, CO, HCl and
VOC are expressed in terms of various statistical parameters as given in tables-3.3. National Ambient Air
Quality Standards (NAAQS) are enclosed as an annexure-VI.
TABLE-3.2 DETAILS OF AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING LOCATIONS
No. Name of Village Bearing
W.R.T.
Approximate Radial
Distance (Km)
Type of
Area
1. Project site (A1) -- -- Industrial
2. Bileshvarpura (A2) NE 3.26 Residential
3. Irana (A3) NW 4.0 Residential
4. Budasan (A4) WNW 4.22 Residential
5. Rajpur (A5) N 5.3 Residential
6. Achrasan (A6) SWS 2.5 Residential
7. Lunasan (A7) SSE 3.0 Residential
8. Chhatral city (A8) E 3.4 Residential
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M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 3- 7
TABLE-3.3 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STATUS
No. Sampling
Location -
Parameters
Unit: µg/m3
PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NOX CO
mg/m3
HCl VOC
(as isobutyl)
1.
Project site
(A1)
Min. 67.12 30 11.17 19.27 0.1
<1.0 <1.0 Max. 76.7 37.05 16.69 25.71 0.3
Ave. 71.52 33.63 13.91 22.43 0.2
98th Per. 75.97 36.98 16.67 25.57 0.3
2.
Bileshvarpur
a (A2)
Min. 67.9 29.5 9.59 17.04 0.1
<1.0 <1.0 Max. 75.8 37.1 15.98 24.70 0.4
Ave. 71.85 32.77 13.25 20.61 0.2
98th Per. 75.43 37.08 15.94 24.58 0.4
3. Irana (A3)
Min. 63.6 28.8 7.89 16.93 0.1
<1.0 <1.0 Max. 70.5 37.89 14.56 21.49 0.3
Ave. 66.85 32.60 10.79 18.94 0.2
98th
Per. 70.32 36.95 14.27 21.34 0.3
4. Budasan
(A4)
Min. 68.5 21.1 10.02 14.9 0.1
<1.0 <1.0 Max. 76.01 37.5 16.19 19.1 0.4
Ave. 72.57 32.40 13.50 17.78 0.2
98th
Per. 76.01 36.78 16.18 19.10 0.4
5. Rajpur (A5)
Min. 61.9 27.01 5.00 17.04 0.1
<1.0 <1.0 Max. 70.2 34.7 12.93 22.58 0.2
Ave. 65.77 30.83 9.26 19.81 0.1
98th
Per. 70.11 34.47 12.92 22.58 0.2
6. Achrasan
(A6)
Min. 66 28.46 8.03 19.05 0.1
<1.0 <1.0 Max. 73.9 35.85 14.96 24.70 0.3
Ave. 70.23 31.69 11.42 21.73 0.2
98th
Per. 73.50 35.48 14.70 24.70 0.3
7. Lunasan
(A7)
Min. 59.5 26.90 8.07 14.11 0.1
<1.0 <1.0 Max. 66.2 33.01 12.94 21.87 0.2
Ave. 62.79 30.01 10.54 17.89 0.1
98th Per. 66.08 33.01 12.91 21.67 0.2
8. Chhatral city
(A8)
Min. 69.5 31.50 3.18 15.52 0.2
<1.0 <1.0 Max. 76.01 37.27 16.62 23.99 0.5
Ave. 72.86 34.25 9.42 20.00 0.3
98th
Per. 76.01 37.15 15.69 23.99 0.5
Results & Discussion
The baseline levels within the study area with respect to (PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOX, CO, HCl and VOC) terms
of various statistical parameters are presented in tables-3.3. During baseline monitoring, the arithmetic
mean values of PM10 varied between 62.79- 72.86 µg/m3 while the 98
th percentile values of PM10 ranged
between 66.08– 76.01µg/m3. The arithmetic mean values of PM2.5 varied between 30.01– 34.25 µg/m3 while
the 98th percentile values of PM2.5 ranged between 33.01- 37.15 µg/m3. The arithmetic mean value for SO2
was 9.26 – 13.91µg/m3 and the 98
th percentile of SO2 was 12.91- 17.21µg/m
3. The arithmetic mean values of
NOx varied between 17.78–22.43µg/m3 while the 98
th percentile of NOX ranged from 19.10- 25.57 µg/m
3.
The arithmetic mean values of CO varied between 0.1– 0.3 mg/m3
while the 98th percentile of CO ranged
from 0.2– 0.5mg/m3. The arithmetic mean and 98th percentile values of HCl and VOC are found below
detectable limit (BDL) <1.0 µg/m3.
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M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 3- 8
3.4.3 WATER ENVIRONMENT
Methodology for Water Quality Monitoring Physico-chemical parameters have been analyzed to ascertain the baseline status existing ground water and
surface water bodies. Samples were collected once during the study period. The details of ground water and
surface water sampling locations are given in table-3.4 and sampling locations of water quality monitoring
are shown in figure-3.10 and figure-3.11. The Indian standard specification for drinking water is given as
annexure-VII and CPCB standards of classification of inland surface water is given as annexure-VIII. The
physico-chemical characteristics of the different ground water samples and surface water samples are
presented in the tables-3.5 and table-3.6.
TABLE-3.4 DETAILS OF GROUND AND SURFACE WATER MONITORING LOCATIONS
No. Sampling Locations
Bearing
W. R. T. Project
Site
Approximate Radial Distance
from Project Site (Km)
GROUND WATER
1. Project site (GW1) -- --
2. Bileshvarpura (GW2) NE 3.26
3. Irana (GW3) NW 4.0
4. Budasan (GW4) WNW 4.22
5. Rajpur (GW5) N 5.3
6. Achrasan (GW6) SSW 2.5
7. Lunasan (GW7) SSE 3.0
8. Chhatral city (GW8) E 3.4
SURFACE WATER
1. Pond Near Chhatral City (SW1) E 3.7
2. Narmada river Near Piyaj Village
(SW2) SSE 6.2
3. Narmada river Karan Nagar (SW3) SW 3.6
4. Pond Near Rangpurda Village (SW4) WSW 7.0
5. Pond Near Budasan Village (SW5) W 3.9
6. Pond Near Irana Village (SW6) NW 3.7
7. Pond Near Untva Village (SW7) NW 6.77
8. Pond Near Rajpur Village (SW8) N 5.9
GW= Ground water, SW= Surface water.
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M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 3-9
TABLE-3.5 BASELINE GROUND WATER QUALITY
No. Parameters Unit
Locations
Project site
(GW1)
Bileshvarpur
a (GW2) Irana (GW3)
Budasan
(GW4)
Rajpur
(GW5)
Achrasan
(GW6)
Lunasan
(GW7)
Chhatral city
(GW8)
1. pH - 7.61 7.55 7.84 7.71 7.52 7.67 7.67 7.67
2. Temperature 0 C 22.3 23.1 22.8 22.4 23.5 23.6 22.1 23.0
3. Turbidity NTU 1.2 1.7 1.6 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.2
4. Electrical
Conductivity ms/cm 2950 2154 875 1416 872 2852 1834 1372
5. Dissolved Oxygen mg/l 6.5 5.9 6.2 6.6 6.6 6.5 6.3 6.0
6. Total Dissolved
Solids (TDS) mg/l 1919 1392 608 924 560 1896 1284 888
7. Total Alkalinity
(as CaCO3) mg/l 444 340 268 288 296 280 476 320
8. Total Hardness
(as CaCO3) mg/l 589.2 436.7 267.8 366.7 280.2 539.7 362.6 337.8
9. Calcium Hardness
(as CaCO3) mg/l 370.8 290.5 164.8 257.5 189.5 323.4 232.8 156.6
10. Magnesium Hardness mg/l 218.4 146.3 103 109.2 90.7 216.3 129.8 181.3
11. Chloride mg/l 739.2 579.9 145.2 343.9 130.6 520.6 634.3 205.0
12. Sulphate mg/l 285 175 77.5 140 50 162.5 200 95
13. Phenolic Compounds mg/l NIL NIL NIL NIL NIL NIL NIL NIL
14. Ammonical Nitrogen mg/l NIL NIL NIL NIL NIL NIL NIL NIL
15. Color Pt. Co.
Scale 1.0 1.0 1.0 <1.0 1 2.0 <1.0 <1.0
16. COD mg/l N.D N.D 8 N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D
17. BOD mg/l N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D
18. Nitrate mg/l N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D
19. Fluoride mg/l 0.15 0.22 0.27 0.13 0.18 0.10 0.30 0.24
20. Sodium mg/l 267.3 208.6 136.5 161.2 118 242.3 193.7 130.4
21. Potassium mg/l 8 7.1 3.4 3.9 2.5 7.1 2.8 3.4
22. Salinity mg/l 755.4 840.7 529.2 610.1 233.2 1009 312.8 472.6
23. Total Phosphorus mg/l N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D
24. Aluminum mg/l N.D N.D N.D ND N.D ND N.D ND
25. Arsenic mg/l N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D ND
26. Cadmium mg/l N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D ND
27. Chromium mg/l N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D ND
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M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 3-10
No. Parameters Unit
Locations
Project site
(GW1)
Bileshvarpur
a (GW2) Irana (GW3)
Budasan
(GW4)
Rajpur
(GW5)
Achrasan
(GW6)
Lunasan
(GW7)
Chhatral city
(GW8)
28. Copper mg/l ND N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D
29. Cyanide mg/l N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D
30. Iron mg/l ND N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D
31. Lead mg/l N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D ND
32. Mercury mg/l N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D ND
33. Manganese mg/l N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D ND
34. Nickel mg/l N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D
35. Zinc mg/l N.D N.D N.D ND N.D ND N.D ND
36. Boron mg/l N.D ND N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D ND
37. Total Coliform (CFU/
100ml) Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent
38. Faecal Coliform (CFU/
100ml) Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent
TABLE-3.6 BASELINE SURFACE WATER QUALITY
No. Parameters Unit
Locations
Pond Near
Chhatral
City (SW1)
Narmada
river Near
Piyaj Village
(SW2)
Narmada
river Karan
Nagar (SW3)
Pond Near
Rangpurda
Village
(SW4)
Pond Near
Budasan
Village
(SW5)
Pond Near
Irana Village
(SW6)
Pond Near
Untva Village
(SW7)
Pond Near
Rajpur
Village
(SW8)
1. pH - 7.87 7.19 7.93 8.05 7.98 7.08 7.72 7.34
2. Temperature 0 C 25.3 24.8 25.1 25.8 25.2 25.0 26.0 24.9
3. Turbidity NTU 1.1 1.6 4.2 1.4 1.0 2.9 1.3 4.0
4. Electrical
Conductivity ms/cm 967.4 1024 475.3 716.2 455.5
851.4 894.9 472.5
5. Dissolved Oxygen mg/l 7.4 7.8 7.9 7.1 7.0 6.6 7.2 6.8
6. Total Dissolved
Solids (TDS) mg/l 492 388 176 511 203 455 321 243
7. Total Alkalinity
(as CaCO3) mg/l 192 240 108 212 160 364 212 176
8. Total Hardness
(as CaCO3) mg/l 123.6 107.1 57.7 90.6 76.2 135.9 92.7 80.3
9. Calcium Hardness mg/l 65.9 61.8 39.1 63.9 45.3 82.4 72.1 65.9
10. Magnesium mg/l 57.7 45.3 18.5 26.8 30.9 53.6 20.6 14.4
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M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 3-11
No. Parameters Unit
Locations
Pond Near
Chhatral
City (SW1)
Narmada
river Near
Piyaj Village
(SW2)
Narmada
river Karan
Nagar (SW3)
Pond Near
Rangpurda
Village
(SW4)
Pond Near
Budasan
Village
(SW5)
Pond Near
Irana Village
(SW6)
Pond Near
Untva Village
(SW7)
Pond Near
Rajpur
Village
(SW8)
Hardness
11. Chloride mg/l 198.6 167.6 43.2 291.9 86.0 239.4 131.6 96.2
12. Sulphate mg/l 95 80 25 100 17.5 55 77.5 40
13. Phenolic
Compounds mg/l NIL NIL 0.39 0.73 NIL NIL 0.28 NIL
14. Ammonical
Nitrogen mg/l BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
15. Color Pt. Co. 10 9 13 11 11 5 8 9
16. COD mg/l 12 20 24 16 34 24 16 12
17. BOD mg/l N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D
18. Nitrate mg/l N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D
19. Fluoride mg/l 0.5 0.34 0.46 0.12 0.19 0.29 0.3 0.41
20. Sodium mg/l 68.6 54.4 38.7 86 59.2 43.3 21 35.2
21. Potassium mg/l 5.2 3.6 2.2 7.4 2.0 3.3 2.7 2.0
22. Salinity mg/l 310.8 251.2 180.3 329.1 277.5 236.2 205.6 175.6
23. Total Phosphorus mg/l N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D
24. Aluminum mg/l N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D
25. Arsenic mg/l N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D
26. Cadmium mg/l N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D
27. Chromium mg/l N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D
28. Copper mg/l N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D
29. Cyanide mg/l N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D
30. Iron mg/l N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D
31. Lead mg/l N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D
32. Mercury mg/l N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D
33. Manganese mg/l N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D
34. Nickel mg/l N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D
35. Zinc mg/l N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D
36. Boron mg/l N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D N.D
37. Total Coliform (CFU/
100ml) Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent
38. Faecal Coliform (CFU/
100ml) Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent
M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 3-12
3.4.3.1 PHYSICO-CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF WATER
Ground Water Groundwater samples from different villages during study period was collected once during monitoring
period and analyzed. The Physio-chemical characteristics of the groundwater are presented in the
table-3.5. The pH varied in the range of 7.52 - 7.84, turbidity 1.0 – 1.7 NTU, total hardness 50.9 - 262.6
mg/l, dissolved solids 560 - 1919 mg/l, Sulphate 50 - 285 mg/l and Alkalinity 268 - 476 mg/l. Chloride
varied from 130.6 – 739.2 mg/l. Nitrate and heavy metals concentrations were observed to be below Indian
standard/specification for drinking water IS 10500-1992.
Surface Water The Physio-chemical characteristics of surface water are summarized in table-3.6. The pH varied is from
7.08 – 8.05 the turbidity varied from 1.0 – 4.2 NTU, the dissolved solids varied from 203 - 511 mg/l, total
hardness varied between 57.7 – 135.9 mg/l, chloride varied from 43.2 – 291.9 mg/l, the sulphate varied
from 17.5 – 100 mg/l. The nutrient values in the form of nitrate were not observed. The overall surface
water quality was found to be average and the water should be treated before using it for drinking purpose.
3.4.4 NOISE ENVIRONMENT Noise is defined as unwanted sound. Noise is a disturbance to the human environment that is increasing at
such a high rate that it will become a major threat to the quality of human lives. There are numerous effects
on the human environment due to the increase in noise pollution.
Scientists have recently found that the continuous exposure to noise with a volume more than 70 decibels
can lead to permanent hearing damage. Excessive noise levels can also lead to increase of heart beat, blood
pressure and blood cholesterol. It also has the potential to harm the respiratory and digestive systems.
Constant noise can lead to stress disorders, which could further develop into ulcers or high blood pressure.
A large amount of noise every day not only causes stress for people but also contribute to mental illness,
loss of productivity. Sleep deprivation usually occurs for people at a decibel of 45 or higher at 85 decibels
hearing damage occurs. People of all ages who already experience health problems are at very high risk.
Noise pollution also effects the vegetation causing poor quality of crops. It also damages the nervous
system of animals. Loud noise also weakens the buildings, bridges and monuments.
Reconnaissance The details of location of background noise monitoring station are given in table-3.7 and figure-3.12.
Results of noise monitoring are given in table-3.8.
Equivalent Sound Levels or Equivalent Continuous Equal Energy Level (Leq) There is large number of noise scales and rating methods based on some sort of average of weighted
average quantities derived from the detailed noise characteristics. Equivalent sound levels or Equivalent
continuous equal energy level (Leq) is a statistical value of sound pressure level that can be equated to any
fluctuating noise level and forms a useful measure of noise exposure and forms basis of several of the noise
indices used presently.
Leq is defined as the constant noise level, which over a given time, expands the same amount of energy, as
is expanded by the fluctuating level over the same time. This value is expressed by the equation:
Leq = 10 log Σ (10)Li/10
× ti
Where, n = Total number of sound samples,
Li = The noise level of any ith
sample
ti = Time duration of ith sample,
Expressed as fraction of total sample time
Leq has gained wide spread acceptance as a scale for the measurement of long term noise exposure. Hourly
equipment noise levels in the identified impact zone are monitored for day and time separately using sound
level meter. All the values are reported in Leq and in case of equipment noise, Sound pressure level are
monitored 1.5 m away from the machine and assessed with respect to standard prescribed in factory Act.
i=n
i=1
M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 3-13
Methodology for Noise Monitoring Noise standards have been designated for different types of area, i.e. residential, commercial, industrial and
silence zones, as per ‘The Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000, Notified by Ministry of
Environment and Forests, New Delhi, February 14, 2000. Different standards have been stipulated for day
time (6 am to 10 pm) and night time (9 pm to 10 am).
Ambient noise level monitoring was done at same locations where ambient air monitoring was carried out
within a study area. The locations are away from the major roads and major noise sources so as to measure
ambient noise levels. One day monitoring was carried out at the locations during the study period. The
frequency of monitoring was set at an interval of 15 seconds over a period of 10 minutes per hour for 24-
hours. The observed Equivalent sound levels (Leq) values in dBA are given in table-3.8 for each monitoring
location in distinguished form of day time (6 am to 10 pm) and night time (10 pm to 6 am). All
measurements were carried out when the ambient conditions were unlikely to adversely affect the results.
TABLE-3.7 DETAILS OF LOCATIONS FOR BACKGROUND NOISE MONITORING STATIONS
No. Name of Village Bearing W.R.T. Approximate Radial
Distance (km)
Type of
Area
1. Project site (N1) -- -- Industrial
2. Bileshvarpura (N2) NE 3.26 Residential
3. Irana (N3) NW 4.0 Residential
4. Budasan (N4) WNW 4.22 Residential
5. Rajpur (N5) N 5.3 Residential
6. Achrasan (N6) SSW 2.5 Residential
7. Lunasan (N7) SSE 3.0 Residential
8. Chhatral City (N8) E 3.4 Residential
TABLE-3.8 BACKGROUND NOISE LEVELS
No. Location Category
of Area
Noise Level (Leq) in dBA
(Day Time) (0600 to 2200 hrs.)
Noise Level (Leq) in dBA
(Night Time) (2200 to 0600 hrs.)
1. Project site (N1) Industrial 51.6-77.9 45.1-68.8
2. Bileshvarpura (N2) Residential 49.5-65.4 39.7-63.2
3. Irana (N3) Residential 42.3-60.1 31.9-58.5
4. Budasan (N4) Residential 46.7-69.3 33.6-60.4
5. Rajpur (N5) Residential 44.2-64.7 37.5-53.0
6. Achrasan (N6) Residential 49.3-70.5 41.4-59.3
7. Lunasan (N7) Residential 45.6-67.5 37.2-55.0
8. Chhatral City (N8) Residential 49.8-72.3 39.5-69.4
Baseline Noise Levels
The noise level measured in study area at different locations is given in table-3.8. The noise level at the
project site was found 51.6-77.9 dBA in daytime 45.1-68.8 dBA in night time. The noise levels varied in the
residential area of the study area during day time [night time] in the range of 42.3-77.9 (31.9– 69.4) dBA.
The noise sources identified in industrial zone are vehicular traffic, industrial and commercial activities.
CPCB recommendation for community noise exposure in different category of area i.e. residential,
commercial, industrial and silence zone is given as annexure-IX, while Damage risk criteria for hearing loss
given by occupational safety & health administration (OSHA) is given as annexure-X. The observed noise
levels were below the stipulated standards of CPCB.
M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 3-14
Noise Levels Due to Transportation Noise levels were also measured at two different locations in November, 2016. The equivalent noise level
Leq (60 min average) measured at a distance of 10 m and 20 m from the edge of the road at each of the
locations are presented in table-3.9.
TABLE-3.9 NOISE LEVELS DUE TO TRANSPORTATION
No. Sampling Location Time Noise Level in dBA
10 m from Edge of The Road 20 m From Edge of The Road
1. Kadi Chhatral Road Day 73.1 67.8
Night 56.5 52.3
2. SH-133 Near Chhatral City Day 53.3 52.5
Night 47.2 45.0
Community Noise Levels The communities close to the project site are not exposed to major noise sources. The commercial activities
and transport apart from natural sources contribute to community noise levels. The noise levels close to
project site were low and within the stipulated standards of CPCB for the respective designated areas.
3.4.4.1 TRAFFIC STUDY To determine current traffic volumes on the road, the traffic studies have been accomplished. This study
will give an idea about expected future traffic volumes as a part of overall impact assessment for the
project. The traffic densities may vary based on working days and time, and also may vary in day and night
times. This survey was conducted during normal working day to get a clear picture of traffic density.
Selection of Sampling Location
The traffic density study was conducted at Chhatral which is about 2.8 km away from the project site.
Methodology
Vehicular Count The vehicles moving in both the directions were counted continuously for 24 hours at one location. The
vehicles were counted every hour and recorded under respective category. The maximum traffic count in an
hour is termed as peak hour traffic.
Categorization of Traffic The vehicles were categorized under various heads like heavy motor vehicles such as buses, trucks and
tankers (10 wheelers), light motor vehicles (cars, jeeps), three wheelers (auto rickshaws, 3-wheel tempo,
Bicycles etc.) two wheelers (scooters, motor cycles etc.).
Results and Discussions The summary of daily traffic count for the location was monitored during the study period is summarized
below and percentage of composition of the vehicles is given below. It was observed that the cars/jeeps and
trucks/buses forms the major volume of the traffic. The overall total traffic PCU of this road is minimal.
Presentation of Results The present level of traffic has been converted to Passenger Car Units (PCU) at this location as per the
conversion factors stipulated by Indian Road Congress (IRC). The Passenger Car Unit (PCU) recorded at
the selected traffic location, which is towards Chhatral is about 12385.5 PCU.
Location:
Chhatral Heavy vehicle Four wheel Three wheel Two wheel
3307 1842 421 824
PCU rating as per Indian
Road Congress (IRC) 3 1 0.5 0.5
PCU 9921 1842 210.5 412
TOTAL PCU 12385.5
Total
vehicle
(24 Hr.)
Name and No. of vehicle % Composition
Heavy
vehicle
Four
wheel
Three
wheel
Two
wheel Heavy
Four
wheel
Three
wheel
Two
wheel
6394 3307 1842 421 824 51.72 28.81 6.58 12.89
M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 3-15
3.4.5 SOIL ENVIRONMENT Soil samples were collected from eight different locations within the study area in the study period. The
locations selected for collection of soil samples are presented in table-3.10 & figure-3.13. The analysis
results of soil samples collected from the study area given in table-3.11.
The eight soil samples collected from surrounding areas including project site were assessed for physical
and chemical quality parameters. The porosity ranged from 30-74 % and WHC from 29-60 %. The EC
ranged from 700 – 1078 µs/cm. The soil pH varied from 7.7-8.7. These results indicate that in general soils
are saline/alkaline as EC exceeds 0.8 dS/m 800 µs/cm and pH is above 8.1. The OC varied from 1.9-3.5 %
and available nitrogen from 78.2-109.2 mg/kg. The available phosphorus and potassium ranged from 1870-
2978 mg/kg and 16.5-62.5 mg/kg respectively. Among basic cations there is predominance of sodium (84.3
to 141.7 mg/kg) followed by calcium (17.8 to 41.5 mg/kg) and magnesium (8.0 to 26.2 mg/kg).
3.4.5.1 SOIL QUALITY INTERPRETATION: The soil at the proposed site is saline as EC is > 0.8 dS/m and among basic cations there is predominance of
sodium which indicates that soils are likely to become alkaline, though pH is 7.73. This soil requires
removal of excess salts by using rain water as ground (bore well) water is saline and providing drainage.
The excess sodium could be replaced by applying gypsum and as per gypsum requirement of soil as well as
application of organic manure @ 50 tons/ha for improving percolation rate of clay loam soil. The fertility
status of soil indicate that nitrogen is low (>0.5% OC) to medium (0.5 to 0.75% OC). The available
phosphorus and potassium are in the range of medium (28 to 56 kg P2O5 & 140 to 280 kg/ha K2O) to high
(>56 kg P2O5/ha & >280kg K2O/ha). Soil at the greenbelt site should be monitored for EC, pH and ESP
once in a year after cessation of monsoon and fertilized with half the recommended dose of nitrogen,
phosphorus and potassium as all these nutrients are in the medium range of their availability at the site.
Variations in soil porosity and water holding capacity are presented in table-3.11.
TABLE-3.10 SAMPLING LOCATIONS OF SOIL MONITORING
No. Name of Village Bearing W.R.T. Approximate Radial
Distance (km)
Type of
Area
1. Project site (S1) -- -- Industrial
2. Bileshvarpura (S2) NE 3.26 Residential
3. Irana (S3) NW 4.0 Residential
4. Budasan (S4) WNW 4.22 Residential
5. Rajpur (S5) N 5.3 Residential
6. Achrasan (S6) SWS 2.5 Residential
7. Lunasan(S7) SSE 3.0 Residential
8. Chhatral city (S8) E 3.4 Residential
TABLE-3.11 PHYSICO-CHEMICALS CHARACTERISTICS OF SOIL
No Parameter Unit Project
Site (S1)
Bileshvar
pura (S2)
Irana
(S3)
Budasa
n (S4)
Rajpur
(S5)
Achrasa
n (S6)
Lunasan
(S7)
Chhatra
l (S8)
1 Porosity % 30 48 74 41 58 40 30 60
2 Water holding
capacity
% 55 51 29 60 42 32 39 54
3 Particle size Distribution
a Sand % 07 09 70 24 15 19 76 28
b Silt % 13 20 08 36 20 11 14 52
c Clay % 80 61 22 40 65 70 10 20
4 Texture - Loam Loam Sandy Loam Loam Loam Sandy Loam
M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 3-16
No Parameter Unit Project
Site (S1)
Bileshvar
pura (S2)
Irana
(S3)
Budasa
n (S4)
Rajpur
(S5)
Achrasa
n (S6)
Lunasan
(S7)
Chhatra
l (S8)
5 pH - 7.73 8.29 7.90 8.21 8.52 8.70 8.20 7.88
6 Electrical
Conductivity µs/cm 1032 810 1050 854 700 952 1078 852
7 Cation
Exchange
Capacity
meq/
100g 30 22 27 19 26 30 40 32
8 Calcium mg/kg 17.8 28.5 51 35.6 22.5 41.5 24 39
9 Magnesium mg/kg 10 16.7 21 14.2 8 26.2 9.9 13.7
10 Sodium as Na mg/kg 84.3 129.2 133 118.2 96.4 141.7 84.2 122.4
11 potassium mg/kg 16.5 30.5 62.5 30 60 40 16.5 21
12 Phosphorus mg/kg 1870 2121 2978 2275 2700 2376 1942 2239
13 Available
Nitrogen mg/kg 78.3 105 90.5 103.7 78.4 109.2 78.2 107
14 Total Organic
carbon (OC)
% 2.30 2.0 3.50 2.20 2.17 2.61 1.90 2.84
3.4.6 LANDUSE Land Use (LU) refers to man’s activities and various uses, which are carried on land. Land Cover (LC)
refers to natural vegetation, water bodies, rock/soil, artificial cover and others resulting due to land
transformation. Although land use is generally inferred based on the cover, yet both the terms land use and
land cover are closely related and interchangeable. Knowledge about the existing land use and trends of
change is essential if the nation is to tackle the problems associated with the haphazard and uncontrolled
growth. A systematic framework is needed for updating the land use and land cover maps that will be
timely, relatively inexpensive and appropriate for different needs at both national and state levels. The
rapidly developing technology of remote sensing offers an efficient and timely approach to the mapping and
collection of basic land use and land cover data over large area.
It is required to carry out the land use / land cover study for the project study area (10 km radius) to obtain
the necessary environmental clearances from statutory authorities. The objective of the study is to carryout
land use / land cover study for the proposed project. The LU / LC study is carried out using the Satellite
Imageries (IRS RS2 LISS IV FX Rabi and Khariff) in addition to Survey of India Toposheet. Appropriate
guidelines are followed while preparing the LU / LC map for the project study area.
Scope of the work
The LU / LC study shall be carried out for a study area of 10 km radius taking site as centre using the
satellite imageries (IRS RS2 LISS III) for Rabi / Khariff season..
� Procurement of latest satellite imagery (IRS RS2 III / IV 5.8m Resolution) based on availability) Rabi
or Khariff seasons.
� Satellite imagery processing and interpretation of land use as per land use classification covering 10
km radius of proposed Project Site.
� Calculation of land use breakup w. r. t. each land use category covering 10 km of proposed Project
Site.
� Preparation and submission of reports, satellite imageries and maps.
Methodology The land use / land cover map is prepared by adopting the interpretation techniques of the image in
conjunction with collateral data such as Survey of India topographical maps and census records. Image
classification can be done by using visual interpretation techniques and digital classification using any of
the image processing software. For the present study, ERDAS 9.1 version software is used for
preprocessing, rectification, enhancements and classifying the satellite data for preparation of land use land
M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 3-17
cover map for assessing and monitoring the temporal changes in land use land cover and land
developmental activities.
The imagery is interpreted and ground checked for corrections. The final map is prepared after field check.
Flow chart showing the methodology adopted is given in the different land use / land cover categories in the
study area has been carried out based on the NRSC land use / land cover classification system. For analysis
and interpretation, and preparation of LU / LC map, two types of data are needed:
1. Basic data includes Fused data of LISS IV FX
Toposheets on 1:50,000
Local knowledge
Area map on any scale to transfer details
Reports and other literature of the study area
2. Ground data:
Ground data is very much essential to verify and to increase the accuracy of the interpreted classes and also
to minimize the field work.
Area under different landuse The land use classification within a distance of 10 km radius from the project location and the areas falling
under the respective classifications are given as table-3.12 and Land use pattern of the study area as per
satellite imagery is given as figure-3.4 & Satellite Imagery of the study area is shown as figure-3.5.
TABLE-3.12 AREA STATISTICS OF LANDUSE/LAND COVER MAP
No. Land use Area (Sq. Km) %
1. BUILT-UP LAND
A. Settlements
B. Industrial area
20.096
11.932
6.4
3.8
2. WATERBODIES A. Tank/Major canal etc.
15.386
4.9
3. CROP LAND A. Single crop
B. Double crop
217.602
25.434
69.3
8.1
4. WASTELANDS A. Land with scrub
B. Land without scrub
16.328
7.222
5.2
2.3
TOTAL 314 100
M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 3-18
FIGURE-3.4 LAND USE / LAND COVER MAP OF 10 KM RADIUS FROM STUDY AREA
M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 3-19
FIGURE-3.5 SATELLITE IMAGERY OF THE STUDY AREA (10 KM RADIUS)
M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 3-20
3.4.7 SOCIO - ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT An assessment of socio - economic environment forms an integral part of an EIA study. Therefore, baseline
information for the same was collected during the study period. The baseline socio - economic data
collected for the study region, has been identified for the four major indicators viz. demography, civic
amenities, economy and social culture. The baseline status of the above indicators is compiled in
forthcoming sections.
Objective of Social Impact Assessment Social Impact Assessment (SIA) is now conceived as being the process of identifying and managing the
social issues of project development, and includes the effective engagement of affected communities in
participatory processes of identification, assessment and management of social impacts. Although SIA is
still used as an impact prediction mechanism and decision-making tool in regulatory processes to consider
the social impacts in advance of a permitting or licensing decision, equally important is the role of SIA in
contributing to the ongoing management of social issues throughout the whole project development cycle,
from conception to post-closure. Like all other fields of practice (discourses), SIA is a community of
practice with its own paradigm of theories, methods, case histories, expected understandings and values.
Thus SIA includes the processes of analyzing, monitoring and managing the intended and unintended social
consequences, both positive and negative, of planned interventions i.e. policies, programs, plans, projects.
Its primary purpose is to bring about a more sustainable and equitable development. Social impacts
examine changes in people's way of life, their culture, community, political systems, environment, health
and wellbeing, their personal and property rights and their fears and aspirations. Therefore, the baseline
socio - economic data was collected for the study region, has been identified in the four major indicators
viz. demography, civic amenities, employment and economy and social culture. The baseline status of the
above indicators is compiled in forthcoming sections.
Major Objectives of the Study
• To understand the socio-economic status of the villages
• To study the perceptions of people about the impact of proposed project
Stakeholders’ identification Any project usually has some negative impacts on the local population. Displacement and/or
health/socioeconomic hazard are traumatic experience in spite of compensation paid and mitigation
measures adopted. Therefore proper identification of stakeholders and appropriate consultation on the
implementation plan and participation of affected people in decision making are of utmost importance. This
helps the stakeholders in understanding the project objectives and needs; and in communicating their
willingness, views and preferences. Thus it ensures increased participation of people through better
acceptance of the project. Stakeholders' consultation was done during Social Impact Assessment (SIA) at
the project locations and nearby villages within 10 km radius area of the proposed project. Planned
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) activities are suggested based on findings of this social impact
assessment report.
Methodology
(a) A detailed desk review of reports and secondary data related to the socio-economic context of the
Project was undertaken for assessing the overall existing situation. Census records are referred.
(b) (i) Reconnaissance visits to the project site were made.
(ii) Screening of potential social impacts in the project influence area was carried out. During the
reconnaissance visit, public consultations and personal interview were conducted to gather feedback
from the local people on the proposed development and perceived socio-economic impacts.
Keeping this situation in view it was decided to undertake public consultations through group discussions
and personal interview with local residents in the PIA (Prospective Project beneficiaries and Project
Affected people).
Primary data collection: tools and techniques The survey team has used the purposive random sampling method at various stages. It was planned to
gather data from various stake holders. For the purpose of this study a structured Questionnaire schedule
related to socio-demographic variables and interview guide around the theme of perception of setting up the
project and their expectations from the company was prepared. This assessment takes into consideration the
M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 3-21
beneficial socioeconomic impact that the production unit may have on the community. It further assesses
community's perception and their awareness regarding polluting components of the environment. Further it
considers the impact of the proposed project on the socio-economic status of the surrounding area and their
perception regarding this project. The field work duration was 01st October - 31th December, 2016 within
the study area of 10 km radius from the project site.
Secondary Data Collection Latest available census records were referred to understand demography related to Infrastructure facilities,
category of population, Economic Status, Health Status, Education Status, and Civic Amenities etc.
Data analysis and interpretation Collected data are analyzed through qualitative and quantitative method of analysis.
Limitations Study is limited to the 10 km radius with purposive sampling from the proposed project site.
The Project Influence Area The PIA for the concerned industry comprises 52 major, minor villages and urban area in 10 km radial
distance from the proposed project. Demographical details as per census 2011 of the study area are given in
table-3.14.
TABLE-3.13 VILLAGE WISE DEMOGRAPHICAL DETAILS IN PIA
Sr.
No. Village Taluka
Census Population 2011
HH Population Literates Total Workers
Total Male Female Male Female Male Female
1 Dingucha
Kalol
732 3284 1705 1579 1370 1006 936 129
2 Pansar 1874 8438 4467 3971 3564 2693 2450 558
3 Isand 817 3881 2057 1824 1590 1216 1145 240
4 Vadavsvami 245 1186 597 589 455 359 333 21
5 Bileshvarpura 422 2071 1113 958 858 593 582 139
6 Pratappura 377 2054 1068 986 839 579 591 70
7 Piyaj 826 4342 2222 2120 1660 1065 1306 356
8 Sherisa 1183 6167 3084 3083 2272 1689 1764 757
9 Ramnagar 384 2038 1058 980 893 762 626 109
10 Vansajada 600 3035 1502 1533 1139 778 849 248
11 Dhamasna 1022 4864 2505 2359 2099 1742 1538 394
12 Chhatral INA 766 2660 1760 900 1385 516 1337 104
13 Chhatral (CT) 2161 10215 5438 4777 4367 3190 2978 412
14 Kalol (M) 23800 113153 59839 53314 48790 39158 32424 4927
15 Dhanot (OG) 273 1299 684 615 507 357 395 129
16 Ola (OG) 394 1976 1023 953 788 563 562 194
17 Borisana (OG) 3774 17998 9449 8549 7888 6670 5165 874
18 Arsodiya (CT) 1198 5859 3088 2771 2566 1997 1661 171
Kalol Taluka 40,848 1,94,520 1,02,659 91,861 83,030 64,933 56,642 9,832
19 Dangarva
Kadi
1129 5355 2797 2558 2244 1720 1551 358
20 Nandasan 2605 13440 6972 6468 5393 4483 3565 527
21 Kherpur 351 1704 862 842 700 581 509 50
22 Lakshmipura
(Nandasan) 358 1658 855 803 734 644 497 198
M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 3-22
Sr.
No. Village Taluka
Census Population 2011
HH Population Literates Total Workers
Total Male Female Male Female Male Female
23 Chandarda 419 2210 1146 1064 847 579 627 255
24 Vadu 828 3909 2032 1877 1673 1273 1067 164
25 Ghumasan 951 4631 2408 2223 2002 1739 1345 252
26 Rajpur 1791 8621 4525 4096 3500 2599 2456 606
27 Sarsav 509 2486 1312 1174 1020 710 711 463
28 Aldesan 504 2423 1233 1190 925 666 718 246
29 Untva 428 2065 1081 984 840 647 559 157
30 Kundal (Part) 1984 9395 5020 4375 4022 2868 2791 294
31 Irana 717 3562 1863 1699 1379 961 1084 262
32 Jhulasan 1073 5046 2605 2441 1967 1404 1432 362
33 Ambavpura 276 1309 682 627 531 445 400 51
34 Chadasna 394 2097 1077 1020 785 541 584 123
35 Indrad 1006 4938 2665 2273 2086 1354 1445 574
36 Budasan 762 3249 1730 1519 1338 915 1015 237
37 Nani Kadi (Part) 601 2923 1481 1442 1210 1026 897 241
38 Shiyapura 221 1083 556 527 427 344 308 29
39 Rangpurda 420 1968 998 970 753 569 585 152
40 Pirojpur 230 1191 617 574 493 342 315 40
41 Karannagar 1436 6794 3489 3305 2779 2156 1969 577
42 Ankhol 389 1891 1020 871 799 521 617 32
43 Achrasan 390 2079 1034 1045 762 554 590 391
44 Lunasan 516 2522 1292 1230 1003 689 758 171
45 Vansol 388 1904 1000 904 778 521 572 487
46 Vamaj 810 3625 1895 1730 1514 1180 1144 495
47 Fuletra 616 3065 1620 1445 1128 694 974 147
48 Borisana 610 3092 1640 1452 1199 864 986 788
49 Jetpura 199 995 480 515 342 255 290 87
50 Adraj 1076 5415 2820 2595 2217 1626 1635 536
51 Vadavi 622 3146 1601 1545 1221 813 916 25
52 Kadi (M) 15344 73228 38931 34297 32303 25714 20617 2663
Kadi Taluka 39,953 1,93,019 1,01,339 91,680 80,914 61,997 55,529 12,040
Total 80,801 3,87,539 2,03,998 1,83,541 1,63,944 1,26,930 1,12,171 21,872
Source: Census 2011, District Gandhinagar and Mahesana, Gujarat
Findings of social impacts and community consultations The findings of the quick socioeconomic survey and various consultations at community level are presented
below:
Demography: In 2011, Gandhinagar district had population of 13,91,753. Decadal growth rate during
2001-2011 is 4.29% in the population compared to population as per 2001 census. With regards to sex ratio
in Gandinagar, it stood at 923 per 1000 male compared to 2001 census figure of 912. In census of India
2011, shows that density of population in Gandhinagar district is 650 people per sq. km. While other district
is Mahesana, it had population of 20,35,064. Decadal growth rate during 2001-2011 is 10.73% in the
population compared to population as per 2001 census. With regards to sex ratio in Mahesana, it stood at
M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 3-23
926 per 1000 male compared to 2001 census figure of 927. In census of India 2011, shows that density of
population in Mahesana district is 462 people per sq. km. The details concerning the demographic structure
of the study were collected from Census record of Gandhinagar and Mahesana district. Study area covers
two taluka i.e. Kalol in Gandhinagar District and Kadi in Mahesana district. Total population density is
1234 persons per sq. km. Total population of the study area is 3,87,539 as per census 2011 from which
2,03,998 are males and 1,83,541 are females. Sex ratio of the study area as per census 2011 was 900 female
population per male population.
Literacy: Average literacy rate of Gandhinagar district in 2011 census were 84.16 compared to 76.59 of
2001. Male and female literacy were 92.01 and 75.76 respectively in 2011. While in Mahesana district 2011
census were 83.16 compared to 75.22 of 2001. Male and female were 91.39 and 75.32 respectively in 2011.
Literacy level in the PIA is comparatively good which is also reflected in census data. Average literacy rate
of the study area was 75.05% as per census 2011.
Economic Profile- After assessment the study and observations implied that main occupations of the area
are industrial jobs and small business which grows with industrial activities. Economical background of the
area is general not so high.
Infrastructure Facilities: Study area is consist Kalol - Chhatral to Kadi industrial corridor. Due to this
industrial development basic infrastructural facilities are available in this region. Villages in the study area
are having road, water connection, electric connectivity, transportation facilities, etc.
Educational Facility- All villages are having educational facilities like angawadi and primary or middle
school. While villages not having secondary, higher secondary or technical school facilities can avail the
facility at Kadi, Kalol or Gandhinagar for higher education.
Water Supply: During assessment, drinking water facility is observed in the study area. Borewell and tap
water facilities are available in the study area through tank water.
Sanitation: During the assessment it is observed that villages in the study area are having sanitation facility
while some villages are having improper sanitation facility. Which need to be improved under Swachh
Bharat Mission scheme.
Health care facility: Study area is having available basic health care facilities. These PHCs are active.
Those villages not having PHC, they receive services from Aasha workers. For further, hospitals, private
clinics and other healthcare centers are available at Chhatral, Kalol and Kadi.
Culture: Culture of the study area is mixed and multiculturalism seen as Kalol to Chhatral to Kadi is
industrial belt. As one of the largest industrial area, multiculturalism is seen in the area while other areas of
the study area are normal.
Communication and Transportation: In respect of development of transportation facilities especially in
road, state has made commendable progress. Communication facilities in this region are quite good due to
industrial cluster. The entire study area is connected by bus and other means of transportation facilities.
Approach roads are in all forms like paved road, mud road, footpath, navigable waterway, etc.
Power Supply: Electric power is one of the basic and key infrastructures in the growing economy. It
occupies a distinct role in the development of industry and agriculture. It is also a key factor in the socio-
economic transformation in rural areas. All villages are electrified in the region and electricity is available
for all-purpose.
Socio-Economic Survey
Sampling Method Socio-economic survey was conducted with the help of predesigned tool to measure the socio-economic
status of the people in the study area. In all, there are 52 villages located in all directions with reference to
project site. On the basis of purposive random sampling, adult male/female from these villages were
selected to collect the information related to socio-economic status. Individual interviews with the adult
M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 3-24
male/female, common meetings were conducted in which heads of the villages, panchayat representatives,
and other stakeholders like, school teacher, anganwadi worker, PHC incharge, gram sewak etc were
present.
The salient socio-economic features observed under the study are:
• Local people are having main occupation of agriculture related activities while new generation of
people are intended to join jobs in industrial sector.
• Most of the people in study area use LPG gas, firewood and Kerosene as the main source of fuel for
cooking purpose.
• Average literacy level among the people is about 75.05%. Among women in the study area, literacy
level is less, as the educational facilities available in the study area.
• Almost villages do not have any problem in communication and transportation facilities. Road
conditions are good. There is bus facility available in the interior villages.
• Medical facilities available in the area. Lack of drainage and control of mosquitoes nuisance, have
resulted in higher prevalence of malaria in the area, especially during rainy season.
• Electricity facility is available in villages. Nobody complained about electricity problem in the
study area.
Awareness and opinion of the people about the project:
For the assessment of awareness about the project activities and opinion about it, following salient
observations were recorded:
• During survey it was observed that no awareness in villages about the proposed project as many
industries are exist in the industrial belt.
• People in the region expect job opportunities as their complained was outsiders are getting
employment more than locals and companies should contribute for the improvement in educational,
transportation and sanitation facility from project.
3.4.8 DESCRIPTION OF THE BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT
Introduction
Biodiversity is often considered synonymous with species richness of the area. Identifying, measuring, and
monitoring biodiversity is a complex exercise. The Biodiversity assessment generally concern with,
conducting biodiversity inventories; for assessing existing biodiversity. This provides the information on
the biodiversity richness of the area under consideration. The selection of indicators differs for biodiversity
monitoring as per the output required. Various criteria have been developed for selection of indicators,
taking into account biological as well as logistical aspects (Noss, 1990, UNEP, 1992).
Biodiversity of Terrestrial Environment
Conference of parties to the Convention on Biological diversity (CBD) held at Curitiba, Brazil on March
20th – 31st, 2006 suggested biodiversity to be considered in impact assessment by providing voluntary
guidelines on biodiversity inclusive Environmental Impact Assessment. CBD provides a strong
international platform for applying impact assessment techniques to biodiversity conservation. It
specifically calls for impact assessment measures to ensure that biodiversity is addressed in projects, plan
and policy decision (Article14). An underlying justification for the application of impact assessment is also
given in Article -8 which is for promoting the protection of ecosystems, natural habitats, promoting
environmentally sound and sustainable development in areas next to the protected areas.
Biological Diversity The variety and variability of organisms and ecosystems is referred to as biological diversity or Bio
diversity. Biodiversity is a term which has gained enormous importance in the past few years. Technically,
it is a contraction of 'biological diversity'. For the purposes of the CBD (Article 2 Use of Terms),
'Biological Diversity' is "the variability among living organisms from all sources including, inter alia,
terrestrial, marine and other aquatic ecosystems and the ecological complexes of which they are part; this
includes diversity within species, between species and of ecosystems". In practice, 'biodiversity' is most
often used as a collective noun synonymous with nature or 'Life on Earth' (WCMC Biodiversity Series No
5, 1996).
M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 3-25
The biodiversity, we see today is the result of billions of years of evolution, shaped by natural processes.
The vast array of interactions among the various components of biodiversity makes the planet habitable for
all species, including humans. There is a growing recognition that, biological diversity is a global asset of
tremendous value to present and future generations. At the same time, the threat to species and ecosystems
has never been as great as it is today. Species extinction caused by human activities continues at an
alarming rate. Protecting biodiversity is for our self-interest and also for the future generation.
Ecological Impact Assessment Ecological Impact Assessment (EcIA) is used to predict and evaluate the impacts of development activities
on ecosystems and their components, thereby providing the information needed to ensure that ecological
issues are given full and proper consideration in development planning. Environmental impact assessment
(EIA) has emerged as a key to sustainable development by integrating social, economic and environmental
issues in many countries. EcIA has a major part to play as a component of EIA but also has other potential
applications in environmental planning and management. Ecological Impact Assessment provides a
comprehensive review of the EcIA process and summarizes the ecological theories and tools that can be
used to understand, explain and evaluate the ecological consequences of development proposals.
Environmental impact assessments have become an integral part of development projects in India ever
since 1994, to formulate policies and guidelines for environmentally sound economic development. Proper
assessment of biological environment and compilation of its taxonomical data is essential for the impact
prediction, yet biodiversity is often inadequately addressed. There is a growing recognition of the need of
biodiversity considerations in environmental impact assessments. Important barriers to the incorporation of
biodiversity in impact assessment include low priority for biodiversity and limitations in one or more of the
following areas: capacity to carry out the assessments; awareness of biodiversity values; adequate data; and
post-project monitoring.
Consistent and regularly updated data on regional and local taxonomy and floristic and faunal diversity of
the areas are almost non-existent in country as diverse as India. Instant information on biodiversity profiles
of the area, where the proposed project is setting up, is an essential part of the baseline studies of EIA. In
such a situation, good primary baseline biodiversity survey is a pre-requisite for the collection of reliable
data. The professional ethic of the Biodiversity practitioners should be their will and skill to conduct
scientific field surveys. These contributions towards biodiversity surveys may sometimes recognized as the
actual value additions in terms of new records or a new data base but are more often recognized in the
validation and updating of the existing information base.
Period of Study
A field study for biodiversity survey was carried out during October 2016 – December 2016).
Methodology
The primary objective of survey was to describe the floristic and faunal communities within the study area.
Extrapolation and prediction techniques were used to limit the number of sites to be assessed. The
knowledge of species habitats requirement, soil type, terrain, vegetation etc. were used to predict species
occurrence.
This Extrapolation Assessment Programme conducts preliminary for the assessment of biological value of
poorly known area. The biological value of an area can be characterized by the species richness, degree of
spices endemism, uniqueness of the ecosystem and magnitude of threats of extinction. This Rapid
biodiversity assessment were undertaken by identifying potentially rich sites from satellite imaginary
(Google Earth) and conducting the field survey in the potential habitats. GPS was utilized for locating field
sample plots as well as gathering positional attributes of sighted flora and faunal species.
For Floral survey, sample plots have been randomly distributed within the identified rich biodiversity
potential habitats that falls under study area. The methodology adopted for faunal survey involved; faunal
habitat assessment, random intensive survey, opportunistic observations, diurnal bird observation, active
search for reptiles, active search for scats and foot prints and review of previous studies. The aim was to set
baselines in order to monitor and identify trends after the commencement of production system activity.
Emphasis has been placed on presence of rare, endemic, migratory and threatened species, if any present in
the study area. Desktop literature review was conducted to identify the representative spectrum of
M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 3-26
threatened species, population and ecological communities as listed by IUCN, ZSI, BSI and in Indian wild
Life Protection act, 1972. The status of individual species was assessed using the revised IUCN category
system.
FIGURE-3.6 STUDY AREA MAP
Source: Google Earth
Biodiversity of Terrestrial Environment
Habitats Description of the Project Site and Its Immediate Surroundings The Project site (23°16'52.50"N, 72°24'47.72"E) is located is near to Kalol taluka of Gandhinagar district.
The approach road is adjacent to the Kadi-Chhatral highway in south direction and State Highway-41 is
around 2.8 km away from the project site in east direction, hence ecological impact due to this project on
these human receptors is expected to be minimum. The project site is surrounded by the other industries..
There is no eco-sensitive area likes forest patches, large water bodies that attract migratory and other
residential water fowls existing within the proximity of the project site, hence the direct impact due to the
project on these eco-sensitive receptors are also not envisaged. Few trees mainly Azadirachta indica
(Limbado), Peltophorum pterocarpum (Sonmukhi) are growing along the boundary wall of the project site.
M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 3-27
The tree species, herbs, shrubs, climbers and major crops, were documented during this base line study. The
list of floral species documented in the study area is enlisted in
Trees Trees observed during the present survey are given in the following table-3.14. 36 trees species belong to
22 families are enumerated from the study area.
TABLE-3.14 TREE SPECIES IN THE STUDY AREA
Sr. No. Family & Scientific name Vernacular name
1. Family: Anacardiaceae
i. Mangifera indica L. Keri
2. Family: Annonaceae
ii. Polylathia longifolia (Conn.) Thw. Asopalav
3. Family: Arecaceae
iii. Cocos nucifera L. Narial
4. Family: Caesalpiniaceae
iv. Delonix regia (Boj.) Raf. Gulmohar
v. Delonixelata (L.) Gamble. Sandsro
vi. Cassia fistula L. Garmalo
vii. Peltophorum pterocarpum (DC.) Backer ex Heyne Sonmukhi
viii. Tamarindus indica L. Amali
5. Family: Caricaceae
ix. Carica papaya L. Papaya
6. Family: Casuarinaceae
x. Casuarina equisetifolia L. Sharu
7. Family: Combretaceae
xi. Terminalia catappa L. Badam
8. Family : Ehretiaceae
xii. Cordia gharaf (Forsk.) E. & A. Gundi
xiii. Cordia dichotoma Forst. Gunda
9. Family: Malvaceae
xiv. Thespesia populnea (L.) Sol.ex Corr. Paras piplo
10. Family: Meliaceae
xv. Azadirachta indica A.Juss Limbado
11. Family: Mimosaceae
xvi. Acacia auriculiformis L. Austrianbaval
xvii. Acacia leucophloea (Roxb) Willd Hermobaval
M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 3-28
Sr. No. Family & Scientific name Vernacular name
xviii. Acacia nilotica (L.) Del.subsp.indica (Bth.) Brenan Baval
xix. Albizialebbeck (L.) Bth. Siris
xx. Leucaenaleucocephala (Lam.) De Pardesi Baval
xxi. Pithecellobiumdulce (Roxb.) Bth. Gorasmli
xxii. Prosopiscineraria (L.) Druce Khyigdo
12. Family:Moraceae
xxiii. Ficus benghalensis L. Vad
xxiv. Ficus religiosa L. Piplo
13. Family:Moringaceae
xxv. Moringa oleifera Lam Sargavo
14. Family:Myrtaceae
xxvi. Eucalyptus sp. Nilgari
15. Family: Papilionaceae
xxvii. Erythrina variegata L. Pagario
16. Family: Rutaceae
xxviii. Limonia acidissima L. Kothi, Kotha
17. Family:Poaceae
xxix. Dendrocalamus strictus (Roxb) Bans
18. Family:Salvadoraceae
xxx. Salvadorapersica L. Piludo
xxxi. Salvadora oleoides Decne Piludi
19. Family:Sapotaceae
xxxii. Manilkara hexandra (Roxb.) Dub. Rayan
xxxiii. Manilkara zapota (L.) Chikoo
20. Family: Simaroubaceae
xxxiv. Ailanthus excelsa Roxb. Aurdso
21. Family: Rhamnaceae
xxxv. Zizyphus glabrata Heyne ex Roth. Bor
22. Family: Verbenaceae
xxxvi. Tectona grandis L.f. Sag
Shrubs Shrubs observed during the present survey are given in following table-3.15. 32 shrub species belong to 18
families are enumerated from the study area.
TABLE-3.15 SHRUBS OBSEREVED IN THE STUDY AREA
Sr. No. Family & Scientific name Vernacular name
1. Family: Apocynaceae
i. Nerium indicum Lalkaren
ii. Thevetia peruviana Merr. Pili karan
2. Family: Asclepiadaceae
iii. Calotropis gigantea (L.) R. Br Akado
iv. Calotropis procera (Ait.) R. Br Akado
3. Family: Balanitaceae
v. Balanites aegyptiaca Ingorio
4. Family: Caesalpiniaceae
vi. Cassia auriculata L Aval
vii. Cassia occidentalis L. Sundro
viii. Caesalpinia crista L. Kachka
M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 3-29
Sr. No. Family & Scientific name Vernacular name
5. Family: Capparaceae
ix. Capparis decidua (forsk.) Edgew Kerdo
6. Family: Convolvulaceae
x. Ipomoea fistulosa Mart.ex Choisy Nasarmo
7. Family: Euphorbiaceae
xi. Euphorbia neriifolia L. Thor
xii. Jatropha curcas L. Ratanjot
xiii. Ricinus communis L. Devalo
8. Family: Lythraceae
xiv. Lawsonia inermis L. Mendhi
9. Family: Malvaceae
xv. Abelomoschus manihot (L.) Medic. Jagali bhindi
xvi. Gossypium herbaceum L. acerifolium Kapas
xvii. Hibiscus rosa –sinensis Jasund
10. Family: Musaceae
xviii. Musa paradisiaca L. Kela
11. Family: Mimosaceae
xix. Prosopis juliflora DC Gando baval
xx. Acacia jacquemontii Rh. Rato bjhval
xxi. Dichrostachys cinerea (L.) Mor Dhundhiyu
12. Family:Nyctaginaceae
xxii. Bougainvillea spectabilis Willd. Bougainvel
13. Family: Papilionaceae
xxiii. Sesbania sesban (L.) Merr. Shevari
14. Family: Punicaceae
xxiv. Punica granatum L. Dadam
15. Family: Rhamnaceae
xxv. Zizyphus nummularia (Burm.f.) W. &. Chanibor
16. Family: Solanaceae
xxvi. Datura metel L Daturo
Solanum incanum L Ubhi ringan
xxvii. Solanum indicum
17. Family: Tiliaceae
xxviii. Triumfetta pentandra A. Rich.in Guill. & Perr Zipti
18. Family: Verbenaceae
xxix. Clerodendrum inerme (L.) Gaertn. Madhi
xxx. Lantana camara L.var.aculcata (L.) Mold. Ganthai
Herbs
Herbs observed during the present survey are given the following table-3.16. 67 herbs belong to 28 families
are enumerated from the study area.
TABLE-3.16 HERBS OBSEREVED IN THE STUDY AREA
Sr. No. Family & Scientific name Vernacular name
1. Family Acanthaceae
i. Hygrophila auriculata (Schum.) Kanatashelio,Akaro
2. Family Amaranthaceae
ii. Aerva javanica (Burm.f.) Juss. Bur, Gorakhganjo
iii. Celosia argentea L. Lamdi
3. Family : Aponogetonaceae
iv. Aponogeton natans L.
4. Family: Asteraceae
M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 3-30
Sr. No. Family & Scientific name Vernacular name
v. Blumea mollis Bhutaco
vi. Blumea p. -
vii. Echinops echinatus Roxb Shulio
viii. Tridax procumbens L Pardesi Bhangro
ix. Parthenium hysterophorus L
x. Xanthium strumarium L. Gokhru
5. Family: Balsiminaceae
xi. Impatiens balsamina L. var. coccinea
6. Family: Boraginaceae
xii. Trichodesma indicum R. Br. Undha Fuli
7. Family: Commelinaceae
xiii. Commelina benghalensis L
xiv. C.forskalaei Vahl., Enum
8. Family: Convolvulaceae
xv. Cressa cretica L. Palio, Rudanti
xvi. Convolvulus arvensis L.
xvii. Evolvulus alsinoides (L.)
9. Family: Cyperaceae
xviii. Cyperus sp.
xix. Fimbristylis dichotoma Vahl.
xx. Fimbristylis sp
10. Family: Euphorbiaceae
xxi. Euphorbia hirta L.
11. Family: Gentianaceae
xxii. Nymphoides indicum (Roxb.) Kumudini
12. Family: Hydrocharitaceae
xxiii. Hydrilla verticillata (L.f.) Royle
xxiv. Ottelia alismodies L.
13. Family: Lamiaceae
xxv. Basilium polystachyon Dungrau Tulsi
xxvi. Ocimum gratissimum
xxvii. Ocimum basilicum L
xxviii. Ociumum sanctum L tulsi
14. Family: Liliaceae
xxix. Aloe barbadensis Mill. Kunvarpato
15. Family: Malvaceae
xxx. Abutilon indicum L. Khapat,Dabaliar
xxxi. Hibiscus punctatus
xxxii. Sida alba L Kandalo bala
xxxiii. Sida sp.
xxxiv. Pavonia zeylanica cav. -
16. Family : Myrtyniaceae
xxxv. Martynia annua L. Vinchhudo
17. Family: Nyctaginaceae
xxxvi. Boerhavia diffusa L. Satodi
18. Family: Nymphaeaceae
xxxvii. Nymphaea stellate Wild Kamal
M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 3-31
Sr. No. Family & Scientific name Vernacular name
19. Family: Papilionaceae
xxxviii. Alysicarpus longifolious
xxxix. Cortalaria prostate
xl. Cortalaria juncea Shun
xli. Indigofera cardifoila Heyne ex Roth
xlii. Indigofera oblongifolia Forks. -
xliii. Indigofera sp.
xliv. Tehrosia purpurea L. Sarpankho
xlv. Tephrosia sps. -
xlvi. Medicago sativa L Lachko
xlvii. Cacia tora Kuvandio
20. Family: Poaceae
xlviii. Aleuropus lagopoides (L)
xlix. Cynodon barberi Rang.
l. Cynodon dactylon (L.)
li. Phragmites kara (Retz.)
lii. Sorghum bicolor (L.) Jowar
liii. Zea mays Makai
21. Family: Poligonaceae
liv. Poligonum sp.
22. Family: Pontederiaceae
lv. Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Kanphutti
23. Family: Potamogetonaceae
lvi. Potomogetonsp.
24. Family: Solanaceae
lvii. Solanum nigrum L. Piludi
lviii. Solanum surattense Brum. Bhoringni
25. Family: Scrophulariaceae
lix. Bacopa monnieri L.
26. Family: Tiliaceae
lx. Corchorus depressus Stocks Bhuphali
lxi. Corchorus aestunans L. Chunch
lxii. Triumfetta rotundifolia Lam. Zipto
27. Family: Typhaceae
lxiii. Typha angustata Bory & Chaub
28. Family: Zygophyllaceae
lxiv. Tribulus terrestris L.
Climbers and Twiners Climbers observed during the present survey are given in the following table-3.17. 14 Climbers belong to 6
families are enumerated from the study area.
TABLE-3.17 CLIMBERS OBSEREVED IN THE STUDY AREA
Sr. No. Family & Scientific name Vernacular name
1. Family: Asclepiadaceae
i. Pentatropis spiralis (Forsk.) Decne Shingroti
2. Family: Convolvulaceae
ii. Ipomea cairica (L.)
M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 3-32
Sr. No. Family & Scientific name Vernacular name
iii. Ipomoea obscura L.
iv. Ipomea aquatica Forsk. Nadanivel
v. Ipomoea pes-caprae Dariani vel/Maryad vel
vi. Ipomoea pes-tigrides L
3. Family: Cucurbitaceae
vii. Corallocarpus epigeus (Arn.)
viii. Coccinia grandis Ghiloda
ix. Luffa cylindrica (L.) M. J. Roem Galku
4. Family: Cuscutaceae
x. Cuscuta reflexa Roxb. Amarvel
5. Family: Menispermaceae
xi. Cocculus hirsutus (L.) Diels Vevdi
6. Family: Papilionaceae
xii. Mucuna prurita Hk.f. Kavach, Koyli
xiii. Abrus precatorius L. Chanothi
Cultivated Plants in the Study Area The agricultural practices has occupied the majority of available the landscape. The crop practiced during
the winter season in this locality is Wheat (Triticum aestivum). The crop occupying the highest percentage
of the sown area of this region is taken as the major crop and all other possible alternative crops which are
sown in this region either as substitutes of the base crop in the same season or as the crops which fit in the
rotation in the subsequent season, are considered as minor crop.
Major Crops:
Major crops in the study area are Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Cotton (Gossypium herbaceum) and Wheat
(Triticum aestivum )
Minor crops: The minor crops of this region are Bajra (Pennisetum typhoides), Jowar (Sorghum bicolar ), Groundnut
(Arachis hypogaea)
Rare and Endangered Flora in the Study Area The IUCN Red List is the world's most comprehensive inventory of the global conservation status of plant
and animal species. It uses a set of criteria to evaluate the extinction risk of thousands of species and
subspecies. These criteria are relevant to all species and all regions of the world. With its strong scientific
base, the IUCN Red List is recognized as the most authoritative guide to the status of biological diversity.
Among the enumerated flora in the study area, none of them were assigned any threat category, by RED
data book of Indian Plants. (Nayar and Sastry, 1990) and Red list of threatened Vascular plants (IUCN,
2010, BSI, 2003).
Endemic Plants of the Study Area De Candolle (1855) first used the concept of “Endemic”, which is defined as an area of a taxonomic unit,
especially a species which has a restricted distribution or habitat, isolated from its surrounding region
through geographical, ecological or temporal barriers. Among recorded plant species, during the survey
period, none can be assigned the status of endemic plant of this region.
Status of Forest and Their Category in the Study Area No natural forest land was observed in the study area.
M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 3-33
Faunal Biodiversity in the Study Area For the documentation of the faunal biodiversity of the study area with respect to birds, reptiles,
amphibians, and butterfly species, a baseline survey had been conducted.
Birds of the Study Area Systematic account of the birds in the study area with the status of occurrence is given in the table-3.18
TABLE-3.18 BIRDS OBSEREVED IN THE STUDY AREA
Old Common name New Common Name Scientific Name Distribution
I ORDER: APODIFORMES
Family: Apodidae (swifts)
House swift Little Swift Apus affinis R
II ORDER: FALCONIFORMES
Family: Accipitridae (vulture, Sparrow hawk, Eagle, Harrier, Kite and Vulture)
Shikra Shikra Accipiter badius R
Black-winged Kite Black-winged Kite Elanus caeruleus R
Common Pariakh Kite Black Kite Milvus migrans
III. ORDER: : CICONIIFORMES
Family: Ardeidae (heron, Egret, Bittern)
Pond Heron Indian Pond-Heron Ardeola grayii R
Cattle Egret Cattle Egret Bubulcus ibis R
Median or Smaller Egret Intermediate Egret Mesophoyx intermedia
Egretta intermedia
R
Little Egret Little Egret Egretta garzetta R
Large Egret Great Egret Casmerodius albus Rw
Family: Charadriidae (Plover, Stilt, Oystercatcher, Lapwing, Avocet )
Black-winged Stilt Black-winged Stilt Himantopus himantopus R
Red-wattled Lapwing Red-wattled Lapwing Vanellus indicus R
Family: Ciconiidae (Open bill, stork, Adjutant)
Openbill stork Asian Open bill Anastomus oscitans R
Family: Phalacrocoracidae (Cormorant)
Indian Shag Indian Cormorant Phalacrocorax fuscicollis
Family: Pteroclidae (Sandgrouse)
Indian Sandgrouse Chestnut-bellied sandgrouse Pterocles exustus R
Family: Threskiornithidae (Spoonbill and Ibis)
Black Ibis Red-naped Ibis Pseudibis papillosa R
White Ibis Black-headed Ibis Threskiornis melanocephalus R
IV ORDER: COLUMBIFORMES
Family: Columbidae (Pigeon, Dove)
Blue Rock Pigeon Rock Pigeon Columba livia R
Ring Dove Eurasian Collared-Dove Streptopelia decaocto R
Rufous Turtle Dove Oriental Turtle-Dove Streptopelia orientalis R
V : ORDER: CORACIFORMES
Family: Dacelonidae (King fishers)
White breasted Kingfisher White-throated Kingfisher Halcyon smyrnensis R
Family: Meropidae (Bee Eater)
Chestnut-headed Bee-eater Chestnut-headed Bee-eater Merops leschenaulti R
Family: Coraciidae (Roller)
BlueJay or Roller Indian Roller Coracias benghalensis
M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 3-34
Old Common name New Common Name Scientific Name Distribution
VI. ORDER: CUCULIFORMES
Family: Centropodidae (Cocucal)
Crow-Pheasant or Coucal Greater Coucal Centropus sinensis R
Family: Cuculidae (cuckoo, Koel)
Koel Asian Koel Eudynamys scolopacea R
Indian Drongo Cuckoo Drongo Cuckoo Surniculus lugubris R
VII. ORDER: GALLIFORMES
Family: Phasianidae (Peafowl , Partridge, Quail, francolin, spur fowl, jungle fowl, Monal, )
Common Peafowl Indian Peafowl Pavo cristatus R
Grey Partridge Grey Francolin Francolinus pondicerianus
VIII. ORDER: GRUIFORMES
Family: Rallidae (Waterhen, coot, crake water cock, Moorhen, Rail,)
White-breasted Water hen White-breasted Water hen Amaurornis phoenicurus R
IX. ORDER: PASSERIFORMES
Family: Paridae (Tit )
Grey Tit Great Tit Parus major R
Family: Cisticolidae ( Warbler or Prinia)
Jungle Wern-Warbler Jungle Prinia Prinia sylvatica R
Family: Corvidae
Large Cuckoo-shrike Large Cuckoo-shrike Coracina macei
Coracina novaehollandiae
R
Raven Common Raven Corvus corax R
House Crow House Crow Corvus splendens R
Black drongo- King Crow Black Drongo Dicrurus macrocercus
Dicrurus adsimilis
R
Tree Pie Rufous Treepie Dendrocitta vagabunda R
Family: Laniidae (shrike)
Rufous backed Shrike Long-tailed Shrike Lanius schach R
Family: Muscicapidae ( Short wing, Chat, Robin, Shama)
Indian Robin Indian Robin Saxicoloides fulicata R
Pied Bushchat Pied Bushchat Saxicola caprata R
Family: Nectariniidae ( Sun Birds, Flower pecker, Spider hunter )
Purple Sunbird Purple Sunbird Nectarinia asiatica R
Small Sunbird Crimson-backed Sunbird Nectarinia minima R
Family: Passeridae ( Avadavat,Pipit, Wagtail, Munia, Snowfinch, sparrow, weaver ,Accentor)
House Sparrow House Sparrow Passer domesticus R
Family: Pycnonotidae (Bulbul)
Red-whiskered Bulbul Red-whiskered Bulbul Pycnonotus jocosus R
Red-vented Bulbul Red-vented Bulbul Pycnonotus cafer R
Family: Sturnidae (Myna, Starling)
Bank Myna Bank Myna Acridotheres ginginianus R
Indian Myna Common Myna Acridotheres tristis R
Family: Sylviidae ( Warbler, Browning, Fulvetta ,Babbler, Laughing thrash, Tailor birds)
Common Babbler Common Babbler Turdoides caudatus R
Jungle Babbler Jungle Babbler Turdoides striatus R
Tailorbird Common Tailorbird Orthotomus sutorius R
X. ORDER: PSITTACIFORMES
M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 3-35
Old Common name New Common Name Scientific Name Distribution
Family: Psittacidae (Parrot and Parakeet)
Rose-ringed Parakeet Rose-ringed Parakeet Psittacula krameri R
Note: R = Widespread Resident, r= Very Local Resident, RW =Resident and winter visitor
Ref WCMC, Check list of Indian Birds.
Butterflies from the Study Area
Butterflies observed during the present study are documented in the table-3.19
TABLE-3.19 BUTTERFLIES OBSEREVED IN THE STUDY AREA
Sr. No. Scientific name & family Common name
1 Family: Papilionidae
i Papilio polytes Linnaeus Common Mormon
2 Family: Pieridae
ii Eurema hecabe Linnaeus Common Grass yellow
iii Ixias mariane Cramer White orange tip
iv Ixias pyrene Linnaeus Yellow orange tip
v Colotis danae Fabricus Crimson tip
3 Family: Nymphalidae
vi Danaus chrysippus Linnaeus Plain Tiger
vii Danaus genutia Cramer Stripped Tiger
viii Hypolimanas misippus Linnaeus Danaid egg fly
ix Mycalesis perseus Fabricius Common bush brown
Reptiles Reptiles in the region are given in the table-3.20.
TABLE-3.20 REPTILES OBSEREVED IN THE STUDY AREA
Sr. No. Scientific name & family Common name
1 Calotes versicolor (Daudin) Common garden lizard
2 Ptyas mucosus (Linn.) Common rat snake
3 Hemidactylus flaviviridis (Ruppell) House Gecko
4 Sitana ponticeriana ( Cuvier) Fan-Throated Lizard
5 Indian Cobra* Naja naja (Linn.)
6 Russell’s Viper* Daboia russelii ( Shaw and Nodder)
7 Common Indian Krait* Bungarus caeruleus ( Schneider)
* Not sighted but included as per the information provided by villagers, during the interaction with them with pictorial
presentation.
Mammals The wild mammals observed other than domesticated ones from study area is documented in the table-3.21
TABLE-3.21 MAMMALS OBSEREVED IN THE STUDY AREA
Sr. No. Common name C Scientific name & family
1 Indian field mouse Mus booduga (Gray)
2 Common Mongoose Herpestes edwardsi (Geoffroy)
3 Hare Lepus sp.
4 Five striped Palm squirrel Funambulus pennanii (Wroughton)
M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 3-36
Sr. No. Common name C Scientific name & family
5 Nilgai* Boselaphus tragocamelus (Pallas)
6 Wild Boar* Sus scrofa Linnaeus
7 Bengal Hanuman Langur Semnopithecus entellus (Dufresne
Rare and Endangered Fauna of the Study Area as Per IUCN Red (2016) List
The IUCN Red List is the world's most comprehensive inventory of the global conservation status of plant
and animal species. It uses a set of criteria to evaluate the extinction risk of thousands of species and
subspecies. These criteria are relevant to all species and all regions of the world. With its strong scientific
base, the IUCN Red List is recognized as the most authoritative guide to the status of biological diversity.
Among the sighted fauna, while one bird; Black-headed Ibis (Threskiornis melanocephalus) is grouped
under near threatened category.
As per Indian Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972 Wild Life (Protection) Act 1972, as amended on 17th January 2003, is an Act to provide for the protection
of wild animals, birds and plants and for matters connected therewith or ancillary or incidental thereto with
a view to ensuring the ecological and environmental security of the country.
Some of the sighted fauna were given protection by the Indian Wild Life (Protection)Act,1972 by including
them in different schedules. Among the birds in the study area, Pea fowl (Pavo cristatus), is included in
schedule I of Wild life protection Act (1972), while many other birds are included in schedule IV.
Among the reptiles, Indian Cobra (Naja naja), and Common rat snake (Ptyas mucosus) were provided
protection as per Schedule-II of Wild life protection act, (1972) Among mammals; (Bengal Hanuman
Langur/ Northern Plains Gray Langur (Semnopithecus entellus (Dufresne) and Common Mongoose
(Herpestes edwardsi), are schedule –II animals. The Indian Wild Boar (Sus scrofa) and Nilgai (Boselaphus
tragocamelus) are protected as Schedule-III animal. Five stripped palm squirrel and all Hares are included
in schedule IV of Wild Life Protection act 1972.
Table-3.22: Species provided Protection as per Wild Life Protection Act 1972
Group Species Schedule
Birds Pea fowl (Pavo cristatus), Schedule I
Most of other birds Schedule IV
Reptiles Indian Cobra (Naja naja ), Schedule II
Common rat snake (Ptyas mucosus) Schedule II
Mammals Common Mongoose (Herpestes edwardsi) Schedule II
Five striped Palm squirrel (Funambulus pennanii) Schedule IV
Hare (Lepus sp. Schedule IV
Bengal Hanuman Langur, Northern Plains Gray
Langur (Semnopithecus entellus (Dufresne)
Schedule II
The Indian Wild Boar (Sus scrofa) Schedule IV
Nilgai (Boselaphus tragocamelus) Schedule III
Status of Forest and their category in the study area No natural forest land was observed in the study area except few scattered scrub cover in the barren lands
and area demarcated for grazing.
3.5 GEO HYDROLOGY
3.5.1 GENERAL GEOLOGY Geologically the area is part of Cambay basin and is occupied by the quaternary alluvium comprising silt
and sand.
M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 3-37
FIGURE- 3.7 (A) GENERAL GEOLOGY OF GANDHINAGAR DISTRICT
(Source: District Resource Map, Geological Survey of India, 2002)
M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 3-38
FIGURE- 3.7 (B) GENERAL GEOLOGY OF MAHESANA DISTRICT
Geomorphology Geomorphologically the district as whole has a flat planar topography.
3.5.2 DRAINAGE PATTERN OF THE AREA The study area is a part of North Gujarat Alluvial plain with neither hill features nor any prominent natural
water bodies. One of the most important feature of the drainage of the study area is lack of any definite
drainage system. No major river is crossing through the study area. Artificial drainage i.e. The Narmada
Canal System flows through the study area.
3.5.3 GROUNDWATER DEVELOPMENT
As per the GWRE, 2011 report, all the Four Talukas of the district are Over Exploited. The level of Ground
Water Development varies from 102.93 % (Dehgam Taluka) to 148.46 % (Mansa Taluka). The overall
development in the district is 120.05 %, and as a whole the Gandhinagar district is Over Expoited. Though,
Improvement in Groundwater development is observed as a perusal of GWRE 2004, 2009 and 2011, but
there is no scope for further development of groundwater resources in the district. Great need of artificial
recharge and rainwater harvesting is required for efficient management of groundwater resources in the
district.
The details of Ground Water Resources and irrigation potential of the district is as follows which is given in
table-3.23.
M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 3-39
TABLE-3.23 GROUNDWATER DEVELOPMENT OF DISTRICT
NAME OF
TALUKA
NET
ANNUAL
GROUND
WATER
AVAILABILITY
EXISTING GROSS
GROUND WATER DRAFT
FOR IRRIGATION
STAGE OF
GROUND WATER
DEVELOPMENT
(%)
CATEGORY
Dahegam 13408.31 13043.50 102.93 Over-exploited
Gandhinagar 12165.73 13250.80 115.72 Over-exploited
Kalol 10873.29 12424.00 122.90 Over-exploited
Mansa 8852.73 12553.70 148.46 Over-exploited
Kadi 13085.41 14688.21 119.11 Over-exploited
Total 45300.05 51272.00 120.05 Over-exploited
The groundwater potential estimated by Groundwater Resource Estimation Committee is given the
figure-3. 8.
FIGURE-3.8 WATER LEVEL MAP, GANDHINAGAR
Source: CGWB Report, Gandhinagar District
GROUND WATER RELATED ISSUES AND PROBLEMS The level of ground water development in Kalol taluka is 122.90%. The quality of ground water in the
shallow aquifer is poor in the south western part. The fluoride content is more than permissible limit in six
villages/ hamlets, whereas, in 13 villages/ hamlets the Nitrate is more the permissible limit.
M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 3-40
FIGURE-3.9 LOCATION OF AMBIENT AIR MONITORING STATIONS
M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 3-41
FIGURE-3.10 LOCATIONS OF GROUND WATER SAMPLING STATIONS
M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 3-42
FIGURE-3.11 LOCATIONS OF SURFACE WATER SAMPLING STATIONS
M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 3-43
FIGURE-3.12 LOCATIONS OF NOISE SAMPLING STATIONS
M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 3-44
FIGURE-3.13 LOCATIONS OF SOIL SAMPLING STATIONS
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CHAPTER – 4
ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION
MEASURES
4.1 IDENTIFICATION OF IMPACTS Various sources of pollution with respect to wastewater, the flue gas / process emission, hazardous waste
and noise generation along with their qualitative and quantitative analysis as well as measures taken to
control them are discussed herein with details. The network method was adopted to identify potential
impact, which involves understanding of cause-condition-effect relationship between an activity and
environmental parameters. This method involves the "Road Map" type of approach to the identification of
second and third order effect. The basic idea is to account for the project activity and identify the type of
impact that could initially occur followed by the identification of secondary and tertiary impacts.
4.2 PREDICTIONS AND EVALUATION OF IMPACTS Evaluation is an absolute term used for assessment and prediction by means of numerical expression or
value. Assessment is the process of identifying and interpreting the environmental consequences of the
significant actions. Prediction is a way of mapping the environmental consequences of the significant
actions.
Significant Action depicts direct adverse changes caused by the action and its effects on health of biota
including flora, fauna and man, socio-economic conditions, landforms and resources, physical and cultural
heritage properties and quality of bio-physics surrounds.
Prediction requires scientific skill drawn from many disciplines. Prediction of ecological components is
often uncertain, because their response to environmental stress cannot be predicted in absolute terms. The
assessor (one who does the assessment) and decision maker (one who take the decision after adequate
analysis of assessment report) is expected to be aware of the degree of uncertainty. The assessor generally
uses the following methods and resources for impact assessment.
♦ Field surveys and monitoring
♦ Guideline and modeling
♦ Literature surveys and interviews
♦ Qualification and experience
An impact can be defined as any change in Physical, Chemical and Biological, Cultural and Socioeconomic
environment that can be attributed to activities related to alternatives under study for meeting the project
needs. Impact methodology provides an organized approach for prediction and assessing these impacts.
Impact assessment is based on conceptual notions on how the universe acts that is intuitive and/or explicit
assumption concerning the nature of environmental process. In most of cases the predictions consists of
indicating merely whether there will be degradation, no change or enhancement of environment quality. In
other cases, quantitative ranking scales are used. The selection of indicator is crucial in assessment because
impacts are identifies and interpreted based on impact indicator. An impact indicator is a parameter that
provides a measure (in at-least some qualitative or numerical sense) of the significance and magnitude of
the impact. In India indicator is developed by the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) in the form of
primary water quality criteria, biological water quality criteria, and national ambient quality criteria for air
and noise.
The impact of the proposed expansion project on the environment has been considered based on the
information provided by the proponents and data collected from the study area. The environmental impacts
have been categorized as long or short term and reversible or irreversible. Primary impacts are those, which
are attributed directly by the project while secondary impacts are those, which are indirectly induced. These
typically include the associated investment and changed pattern of social and economical activities by the
proposed action. The operational phase of the proposed project comprises several of which have been
considered to assess the impact on one or another environmental parameters.
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Scientific techniques and methodologies based on mathematical modeling are available for studying
impacts of various project activities on environmental parameters.
Minor and temporary impacts are expected due to the construction activities. All the impacts of
construction phase will be short term only and it is very limited as minor construction work is anticipated
for requirement of project.
Operation of the project may potential to affect quality of life, air, noise, water, land, human and flora,
fauna by increase in air, noise and water pollution, by increase in hazardous waste generation, by pollution
from spillage/surface run-off, by disturbance to flora and fauna, by loss of trees resulting from increased
assess, by increase in land values threatening agriculture, etc.
During the operation phase, the following activities are considered as significant impact.
� Air emission
� Noise generation
� Solid/Hazardous waste generation
� Water use and waste water discharge
� Employment Generation
The operation of the project will involve discharge of pollutants. There may be wastewater generation, air
emissions, hazardous waste generation and mechanical noise. An assessment of the quantitative changes in
the various environmental components is therefore essential for predicting the impact. Operational phase
activities will have impacts, either short terms or long term and reversible or irreversible on ambient air and
noise, surface and ground water, land, socio-economics and cultural environment.
4.3 AIR ENVIRONMENT
4.3.1 DETAILS OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS
A. During construction phase Construction phase involves site cleaning, excavation, construction, erection or installation of equipment &
machinery, transportation and material handling. These activities will emit pollutants like dust, PM, SO2
and NOx in to the air environment of the surrounding area. However, these activities will be intermittent
and hence, significant adverse impact is low and for short terms only.
B. During Operation phase:
Major source of air pollution during operation phase are point source i.e. stack attached to boilers, thermic
fluid heater, D. G. Set, Hot air generator and Process vessels and fugitive emission. Details of which are
discussed in following sections.
Details of Point source:
Main pollutants from the stack attached to boilers, hot air generator, thermic fluid heater and D. G. set are
PM, SO2 and NOx, while from stack attached to process vessels is HCl.
Evaluation of Impacts using mathematical model: The impact of the concentration of air pollutants emitted from sources on the study area is evaluated using
the Industrial Source Complex – Short Term (ISCST3) dispersion model, which is a steady-state Gaussian
plume model. It is most widely accepted for its interpretability. It gives reasonably correct values because
this obeys the equation of continuity and it also takes care of diffusion, which is a random process. The
models are typically employed to determine whether the ambient air quality level due to proposed project
will compliance with the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) or not. Over and above
models also serve to assist in the design of effective control strategies to reduce emissions of harmful air
pollutants. For the present study, this model is used for the prediction of maximum ground level
concentration (GLC).
Following are the input data used for the modelling.
1. Micrometeorological Data : Site specific micrometeorological data i.e. ambient temperature, Relative Humidity, wind speed, wind
direction, Cloud Cover, Rainfall, etc. were collected for study area. Details of micrometeorological data is
presented and discussed in section 3.4.1 of Chapter-3.
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2. Mixing Height: Mixing Height (MH) is the vertical extent through which the contaminant plume can be mixed. Forecasting
of mixing height is done with the aid of the vertical temperature profile. The MH is a function of stability.
In unstable air the MH is higher and in stable air the MH is lower. With a lower MH, there is a smaller
volume of air in which the pollutant can be dispersed, resulting in higher concentrations in the ambient
environment. There is a seasonal variation of MH. During summer daylight hours, MH can be few thousand
feet whereas for winter it can be a few hundred feet. It varies also in the course of a day. It is lowest at night
and increases during the day. Secondary information has been used to determine the mixing height over the
study region for the study period (October, 2016 to December, 2016) and it varies from 50-2500 meters
(IMD).
3. Stack emission data: Details of proposed stack emission data in terms of stack height, stack diameter, flue/gas exist velocity,
flue/gas exist temperature, pollutant concentration and emission rate used for the modelling purpose are
given in following table-4.1.
TABLE-4.1 DETAILS OF STACK EMISSION DATA
No. Operating
Parameter Unit
Source of Emission (Stack Attached To)
Steam Boiler (Existing +
Proposed)
Thermic Fluid Heater
(Proposed)
Reaction
Vessels
(Proposed)
1. Stack height Meter 30 30 09
2. Stack diameter at top Meter 0.46 1 0.15
3. Flue gas exit velocity m/s 20 3.5 1.5
4. Flue gas temp. K 473 423 333
5. Emission rate:
PM
SO2
NOx
HCl
g/s
g/s
g/s
g/s
0.3244
0.5516
0.2028
-
0.3000
0.5101
0.1875
-
-
-
-
0.0004
6. Emission Conc.: Utility Stacks: PM-150 mg/Nm3, SO2-100 ppm, NOx-50 ppm
Process Stacks: HCl-20 mg/Nm3
4. Model options used for computations:
- The plume rise is estimated by Briggs formulae, but the final rise is always limited to that of the
mixing layer.
- Simple terrain.
- Stack tip down-wash is not considered.
- Buoyancy Induced Dispersion is used to describe the increase in plume dispersion during the
ascension phase.
- Calms processing routine is used by default.
- It is assumed that the pollutants do not undergo any physico-chemical transformation and that there
is no pollutant removal by dry deposition.
- Washout by rain is not considered.
- Cartesian co-ordinate system has been used for computations.
5. Model Output (Maximum Ground Level Concentration)
Based on the modelling result under observed meteorological condition, 24 hourly average estimated
maximum GLC along with distance and direction from the project site is presented in table-4.2.
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TABLE-4.2 MAXIMUM GROUND LEVEL CONCENTRATION OF PM, SO2, NOX & HCl
First Maximum Ground Level Concentration (Avg. 24 Hourly)
Distance & Direction PM
(µµµµg/m3)
SO2
(µµµµg/m3)
NOX
(µµµµg/m3)
HCl
(µµµµg/m3)
1 km in South direction 2.45 4.17 1.53 0.03
First Maximum Ground Level Concentration (Avg. 24 Hourly) at AAQM Locations
No. Monitoring Location Co-ordinates PM
(µµµµg/m3)
SO2
(µµµµg/m3)
NOX
(µµµµg/m3)
HCl
(µµµµg/m3)
1. Project site (A1) (0,0) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.0000
2. Bileshvarpura (A2) (3.105, 1.282) 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.0000
3. Irana (A3) (-2.464, 2.564) 0.24 0.41 0.15 0.0018
4. Budasan (A4) (-3.907, 0.240) 1.01 1.72 0.63 0.0035
5. Rajpur (A5) (-0.541, 4.809) 0.07 0.13 0.05 0.0001
6. Achrasan (A6) (-0.981, -1.803) 0.51 0.86 0.32 0.0041
7. Lunasan (A7) (1.903, -2.845) 0.04 0.07 0.02 0.0000
8. Chhatral city (A8) (3.096, -0.769) 0.06 0.11 0.06 0.0001
The spatial distribution of ground level incremental concentrations of pollutants due to proposed project
operation on the impact zone area of 10 km x 10 km on modelling grid size of 1000 m x 1000 m around the
proposed site is shown in figures-4.1 to 4.6 respectively.
The predicted ground level concentration of pollutants is given in the table-4.3, along with resultant
concentration at the monitoring location around the project site.
Modelling result envisages that incremental ground level concentrations of pollutants due to operation of
proposed project during the operation phase are negligible and will remain within National Ambient Air
Quality Standards published by MoEFCC, New Delhi vide G.S.R. 826 (E), dated 16/11/2009. Hence there
will be no significant impact on the air environment.
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FIGURE-4.1 SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF 24-HOUR AVERAGE PM CONC. (µg/m3)
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FIGURE-4.2 SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF 24-HOUR AVERAGE SO2 CONC. (µg/m3)
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FIGURE-4.3 SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF 24-HOUR AVERAGE NOx CONC. (µg/m3)
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FIGURE-4.4 SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF 24-HOUR AVERAGE HCl CONC. (µg/m3)
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TABLE-4.3 SUMMARY OF ISCST3 MODEL OUTPUT FOR POLLUTANTS
Pollutants Monitoring
Location Concentration (µµµµg/m
3) NAAQM
Standard Baseline Incremental Resultant
Particulate Matter,
Size less than
10 µm (PM10)
Project site (A1) 71.52 0.00 71.52
100 µg/m3
Bileshvarpura (A2) 71.85 0.01 71.86
Irana (A3) 66.85 0.24 67.09
Budasan (A4) 72.57 1.01 73.58
Rajpur (A5) 65.77 0.07 65.84
Achrasan (A6) 70.23 0.51 70.74
Lunasan (A7) 62.79 0.04 62.83
Chhatral city (A8) 72.86 0.06 72.92
Sulphur Dioxide
(SO2)
Project site (A1) 13.91 0.00 13.91
80 µg/m3
Bileshvarpura (A2) 13.25 0.00 13.25
Irana (A3) 10.79 0.41 11.2
Budasan (A4) 13.50 1.72 15.22
Rajpur (A5) 9.26 0.13 9.39
Achrasan (A6) 11.42 0.86 12.28
Lunasan (A7) 10.54 0.07 10.61
Chhatral city (A8) 9.42 0.11 9.53
Nitrogen Oxide
(NOx)
Project site (A1) 22.43 0.00 22.43
80 µg/m3
Bileshvarpura (A2) 20.61 0.00 20.61
Irana (A3) 18.94 0.15 19.09
Budasan (A4) 20.97 0.63 21.6
Rajpur (A5) 19.81 0.05 19.86
Achrasan (A6) 21.73 0.32 22.05
Lunasan (A7) 17.89 0.02 17.91
Chhatral city (A8) 20.00 0.06 20.06
Hydrochloric
Acid (HCl)
Project site (A1)
<1.0
0.0000
<1.0 -
Bileshvarpura (A2) 0.0000
Irana (A3) 0.0018
Budasan (A4) 0.0035
Rajpur (A5) 0.0001
Achrasan (A6) 0.0041
Lunasan (A7) 0.0000
Chhatral city (A8) 0.0001
Details of fugitive emission: Looking to nature of the proposed project it may generate fugitive emissions. Sources of fugitive emissions
include storage of chemicals, manufacturing activities, solvent handling, processing vessels, valves, joints,
loading and unloading section, raw material handling and hazardous waste storage area, etc. Fugitive
emissions will be in a small quantity but it gives continuous exposure to the workers.
4.3.2 MITIGATION MEASURES
To control stack emission:
Following are the mitigation measures proposed to control air emission from stack
- Wood Waste/ Agro waste as fuel is being used in existing boiler and Coal/ Agro waste as fuel will be
used for proposed boiler. Multi cyclone separator will be provided for common stack to control air
emission.
- Coal as fuel will be used in Thermic Fluid Heater, Multi cyclone separator will be provided to control
air emission.
- To control process emission from two stacks attached to two and four process vessels respectively,
Water scrubber followed by Alkali Scrubber will be provided.
- Diesel as a fuel will be used in D.G. Set, Acoustic Enclosure with adequate stack height will be
provided.
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- D. G. Set will be operated only during power failure.
- Stack monitoring facility will be provided to all the stacks for regular monitoring.
To control fugitive emission: Following are the mitigation measured proposed to control fugitive emission from the proposed project.
- Mechanical seals in pumps, compressors, treatment vessels, distillation vessels shall be used and
maintained periodically.
- LDAR programme will be implemented and followed for detection and control of fugitive emission of
gases from process.
- Closed unloading, conveying and packing system shall be provided.
- More weightage on selection of MOC of piping shall be given to avoid leakage/spillage.
- Safety devices shall be provided to workers working near the reactors.
- Drip tray will be placed for each pump to collect leakages and spillages.
- Breather valves, PSVs, Rupture disc, Vapor recovery system will be installed for process/storage tank
vents
- Proper Control of the operating parameters, mainly temperature, vacuums, cooling media circulation,
during plant operation and solvent recovery
- Regular monitoring of VOC concentration in work zone.
- Greenbelt will be developed around the plant to arrest the fugitive emission.
4.4 WATER ENVIRONMENT With respect to water environment three aspects are generally considered in EIA, the raw water availability,
consumption and wastewater generation. The first priority in water quality assessment is to maintain and
restore the desirable level of water quality in general.
4.4.1 CONSTRUCTION PHASE IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES During Construction, drainage pattern and water supply system of overland water flow will be somewhat
changed due to the site preparation activities.
The local labor force will be deployed during construction phase and no colony is proposed as the workers
will be employed from the nearby local village. During the construction phase of the project, water
requirement will be mainly for construction activities, growing plants, etc. As construction labour will be
from local area, minor quantity of domestic water will be required. So domestic wastewater generation will
be negligible, it shall not contaminate the ground water or surface water in the nearby areas.
4.4.2 OPERATION PHASE IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES Water requirement shall be fulfilling through ground water. Daily water requirement for the existing project
is 14.1 KLD, which will be increased up to 60 KLD due to proposed expansion project. Major portion of
the study area is falls in semi-critical zone and rest in over exploited zone as classified by Central Ground
Water Authority (CGWA). Project location is falls in over exploited zone and hence water withdrawal from
ground will have significant impact on ground water availability. To reduce the impact recharging ground
water through rain water harvesting within premises and nearby villages is proposed.
To maintain balance of ground water, company will construct rain water harvesting structure i.e. recharge
well to recharge ground water and storage of rain water for future use as per norms specified by CGWA.
There may be risk of ground water and surface water contamination due to wastewater generation and
handling from the industrial activities like process, washing, cooling and boiler. Around 31.3 KLD waste
water will be generated after proposed expansion project. Domestic waste water around 3.65 KLD will be
treated and disposed off through septic tank/well. While industrial waste water around 28 KLD will be
segregated into two streams, concentrated and diluted. Concentrated stream will be sent for common MEE
facility and diluted effluent will be treated in ETP after that it will be evaporated through single stage
evaporator. Detailed description of effluent treatment scheme is discussed in chapter-2.
4.5 SOIL ENVIRONMENT
The main source of impact on land and soil environment will be due to solid waste generated during
construction and operation activities. In addition to this accidental spillage of chemicals and effluent can
also degrade the soil environment.
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4.5.1 CONSTRUCTION PHASE IMPACT AND MITIGATION MEASURES The proposed project activities will be located on flat terrain no significant topographical change is
expected due to construction activities. The construction of building will help in fixation of soil, thereby
reducing the soil erosion. Some construction operations shall disturb the soil profile, but the impact will be
insignificant. There will be no change in existing land use pattern, forest cover or vegetation in surrounding
area. During the construction phase, various types of solid waste generated which will affect the site, all
wastes from the site will be cleared with due care.
During the construction activity, municipal waste will be generated in minor quantity as local construction
workers will get employed and no construction camp is proposed. The generated waste will be collected,
segregated and will be disposed off suitably. Hence impacts will be insignificant, reversible and for short
duration only. These impacts will be confined to the construction site only and no adverse impact on the
surroundings environment is anticipated.
4.5.2 OPERATION PHASE IMPACT AND MITIGATION MEASURES Due to proposed project, hazardous/solid waste generation there will be increased. Details of existing and
proposed hazardous/solid waste generation are discussed in chapter-2.
All solid/hazardous waste will be stored separately in designated area within the premises. Hazardous waste
generation due to proposed expansion project will be mainly ETP sludge, used oil, Discarded Containers/
Barrels/plastic, Date Expired, discard and off specification medicines and Fly Ash. These all waste will be
collected, storage designated area and disposed as per Hazardous and Other Wastes (Management and
Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2016. Membership of authorized common TSDF, MEE and incineration
site will be obtained.
There will be risk of Soil contamination due to spillage of hazardous chemicals, solid/hazardous waste and
liquid effluent during handling. To mitigate that proper handling of chemicals and hazardous waste will be
done. In case of any spillage entire contaminated soil will be removed and disposed to secured landfill site.
Hence, no adverse impact on soil environment due to the proposed project activities is envisaged.
4.6 NOISE ENVIRONMENT
4.6.1 DETAILS OF NOISE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS The assessment of the impacts of noise on the surrounding community depends upon:
• Characteristics of noise source (instantaneous, intermittent, or continuous in nature)
• Time of day at which noise occurs
• Location of noise source with respect to noise receptor
For an approximate estimation of propagation of noise in the ambient air from the area or point source, a
standard mathematical model for sound wave propagation used is as follows:
Noise (Receptor) = Noise (Source) - 20 Log [distance (Receptor) / distance (Source)]
4.6.2 CONSTRUCTION PHASE IMPACTS Construction will be carried out within premises, so not more than industrial plant construction activities
would be carried out. Like admin building, security, parking etc will not be constructed. Only Some new
plant machinery will be installed for that construction work will be carried out, which will be for short
period. Noise will be increased for the short period.
1. Vehicular movement for construction material transportation.
2. Operation of construction machineries
So impact of construction activities on noise environment will be too much localized. Near to that factory
premises no other habitation or industry so no outsiders of the company will get affected due to noise
pollution. Workers near to high noise area will be provided PPEs.
4.6.3 OPERATION PHASE IMPACT AND MITIGATION MEASURES
During operation phase of proposed plant prime noise emission will be expected from industrial activities
like diesel generator, mechanical movement, boiler operation and material handling. Noise emission level
from these sources will be expected to keep remain below the permissible limit. However, at places where
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noise levels may exceed the permissible limit, acoustic enclosure will be provided (e.g. D.G. Set). Noise
protection equipment will be provided to workers where high occupationally noise exposure limit
envisaged. Greenbelt will be developed around the periphery of the plant to mitigate the noise levels on the
ambient environment.
4.6.4 IMPACT OF THE TRANSPORTATION Total 80 numbers of trucks will be required for the transportation of raw material, finished goods and
wastes after proposed expansion. Major impact on surrounding environment of this transportation will be
mainly increase in noise and vibration, dust, carbon monoxide, etc. There is no alternative option available
for transportation of goods other than road due to site location. And road way is feasible and easy as per
location because GIDC corridor and connected to Kadi and Kalol GIDC. Nearest railway station and airport
is Kalol and Ahmedabad which is around 10 km and 32 km away respectively from the site.
4.7 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND ITS MITIGATION MEASURES FOR
LAND USE
4.7.1 IMPACT ASSESSMENT
To identify impact on land use of the project considering various environmental impacts, social, ecological
impacts during construction and operation phases. The corresponding mitigation measures to take care of
the adverse impacts are also discussed in following sections.
4.7.2 IMPACT OF LAND USE
� Total land area of the project site is 7,066 m2 & space for the proposed expansion project will be
utilized from available open land.
� Point to be noted that project site is situated in Kalol Taluka of Gandhinagar district and the project
site is near to the district border of Gandhinagar and Mahesana, other Industries also can be found
within the study area which will be cumulatively effect the environment, majorly chemical industries.
� Chhtral, Kalol and Kadi are major settlement along with other smaller settlements could be affected
due to air pollution, respiratory diseases.
4.7.3 MITIGATION MEASURES OF LAND USE � Seepages, percolation of project site water of the site need to be strictly controlled through
constructions of peripheral the wall around the site.
� All effluents whenever other pollutants must be controlled in such away leakage / seepage within the
project premises or within the study area.
� As project site should develop proper green belt according to requirement of CPCB norms.
� Protection & Conservation measures for crop lands should take by the industries.
4.8 ECOLOGICAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT The impact due to construction phase and operation phase of the project and its activities on the ecological
parameters like natural vegetation, cropping pattern, fisheries and aquatic life, forests and species diversity.
There is no any sanctuary, reserve forest and national park within the 10 km area from the proposed
expansion project site. Proposed expansion project will be carried out in already acquired existing land.
vegetation will not be cleared. Chances of adverse effect on ecology may be occurred due to air pollution
caused by flue gases emission and process emission. However, unit has proposed adequate environmental
management systems and the same will be efficiently operated during the operation of project. Regular
monitoring of various parameters will be carried out. Thus, there will not be any adverse impact will be
occurred on surrounding ecology. Greenbelt development will have positive impact on flora and fauna.
4.8.1 NATURAL VEGETATION Industry will develop a green belt on the surrounding periphery. Since the effluents and emissions
generated from the project activities shall be treated and disposed as per the EMP provisions, adverse
impact over any of the ecological components of the environment is reduced to minimum.
4.8.2 CROPS
The proposed expansion shall not alter the crop production of the area. The area is having cropping lands.
Further, the necessary environmental protection measures have been planned under EMP e.g. air pollution
control systems shall be designed to take care of even emergency releases of the gaseous pollutants like
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M/s. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 4-13
Particulate Matter, SO2, and NOx. Regular environmental surveillance shall be done for the unit, so as not
to have any short-term or cumulative effect on the crops and the natural vegetation of the area.
4.8.3 FOREST, NATIONAL PARKS / SANCTUARIES There is no reserved forest, national park or sanctuary within 10 km radius of the plant. There shall be no
impact on the same.
4.9 IMPACT ON SOCIO-ECONOMIC ASPECTS Every development brings destruction with it, anticipated impacts and mitigations are presented here:
NEGATIVE IMPACTS � Culture: The proposed expansion project will require additional manpower around 100 (19 existing
and 81 proposed). The proposed expansion project will increase the migration of skilled personnel.
Additional 81 manpower are required and due to this behavior, living style, etc. of local people will
change through multi-cultural. Hence, Cultural impact is envisaged.
� Environmental impact: Migration may bring mental health problems. Chemical exposure during
production activities may have some adverse impact on human health in the long run like skin
irritation, dermatitis, erythema, and scaling, eye irritation, irritation of the respiratory tract and affect
respiration.
POSITIVE IMPACTS � Employment generation: The Company recruits local people as far as possible to generate
employment in local area, it will increase socio-economic status of the local society, the requirement
of around additional 81 personnel as direct manpower will enhance standard of living of families.
During construction period employment will be generated especially for local people. The
employment opportunity created will serve as a tool for reduction of poverty.
� Enhance Socio- economic status: This project will bring social change in the society with
improved socio-economic life of the local people; this project will also generate indirect
employment, like primary grocery requirements of residential, functional shopping, entertainment
facilities, better transportation facility etc.
� Rural Development: Nearby villages will get developed through CSR activities of the company.
Education level will also improve among the people of local area because of two reasons, one is
company will promote education under its CSR activities and secondly requirement of eligible
employees for the company so students will get motivated for higher education.
4.10 PLACES OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL/HISTORICAL/RELIGIOUS/TOURIST INTEREST There is no place of archaeological, historical, religious or tourist interest within the study area i.e. 10 km
radius of plant site. Hence, there shall be no impact on places of interest.
4.11 ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARD Raw material and finish products shall be transported by road and shall be stored in the plant premises.
Onsite and offsite emergency plan shall be prepared for storage and handling of materials and finished
goods. This report shall be prepared with the consideration of hazards associated with the materials and care
should be taken for all aspects of environmental hazards. The project proponent shall consider all the safety
aspects in planning, designing and operation of the plant as per standard practices. Hence, no adverse
impact on this account is anticipated.
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M/s. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 4-14
TABLE-4.4 POTENTIAL IMPACTS & MITIGATIVE MEASURES
Environmental
Components Potential Impacts
Potential Source of
Impact
Controls Through EMP &
Design Impact Evaluation Remedial Measures
Water Quality Deterioration of water
quality
Decrease in water
availability
Construction activity:
Withdrawal of water for
construction activity and
domestic use for
construction workers.
Operation Activity:
Water withdrawal for
industrial use and domestic
use.
Proper management of surface
water runoff shall be made.
Effluent treatment plant (ETP) for
treatment of waste water.
Rain water harvesting
Green belt development
Insignificant adverse impact
Low COD effluent will be
evaporated after treated in
ETP and High COD stream
will be sent to Common
MEE for further treatment
with utmost care.
Air Quality Emissions of dust, PM,
SO2 and NOx
Construction Phase: All heavy construction
activities. Transportation of
materials.
Operation Phase:
Due to transportation of
raw material, wasters and
products.
Suitable control measures will be
adopted as per a dust control plan
and closed vehicles will be used.
Water will be sprinkled on loose
top soil.
Closed system adopted, due care
handling of chemicals
Not significant because dust
generation will be
temporary and will settle
fast due to dust suppression
techniques used
During construction Phase
the contractors are advised
to use dust masks for the
employed labour.
Water sprinkling for
suppression of dust during
construction phase.
Emissions of PM, SO2,
NOx and HCl
Operation Phase:
Emissions from the stack
attached to steam boiler,
Hot air generator, Thermic
fluid heater and D.G.Set
Emissions of HCl from
stacks attached to process
vents.
Adequate stack height
Water scrubber followed by Alkali
Scrubber attached to process stack
Green belt to be provided with
specific species reducing PM
levels.
Not significant impact
Efficiency of air pollution
control equipment will be
checked on regular
intervals.
Socio-Economic Overall growth &
development of area,
increased primary &
secondary employment,
improvement in
infrastructure and growth
of other industries
Project activities CSR activity is proposed Beneficial change Preference to local people
for employment
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M/s. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 4-15
Environmental
Components Potential Impacts
Potential Source of
Impact
Controls Through EMP &
Design Impact Evaluation Remedial Measures
Terrestrial Ecology Minor loss of habitat-flora
& fauna
Project activities Green belt, Proper management of
solid waste and liquid effluent
In-significant Impact -
Noise Environment
Noise emissions
Construction Phase:
Operation of construction
equipment and vehicles
during site development.
Use of well-maintained equipment
fitted with silencers.
Providing noise shields near the
heavy construction operations
Construction activity will be
limited to daytime hours only.
Residential areas are
located more than 800 m
away from the site and
hence there is no noise
increase expected from the
project activities. Also,
there are no sensitive
receptors located within
near vicinity of site.
Use of Personal Protective
Equipment (PPE) like
earmuffs and earplug during
construction activities.
Operation Phase:
Process activity area
Loading and unloading
area.
Green Belt Development
Providing acoustic enclosures In-significant
Short-term exposure within
permissible limit.
-
Infrastructure &
Services
Improved communication,
transport, housing,
educational & medical
facilities
Social activities of
company
Development has been gradual Beneficial impact -
Environmental
Hazards
Risk to environment &
neighboring population
Storage of materials On site & off site Disaster
management plan & Safe practices
Insignificant adverse impact Proper storage and handling
of materials
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M/s. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 4-16
4.12 MATRIX REPRESENTATION
The parameters discussed are presented in the form of a matrix in table-4.5. The impact matrix relating to
the activities during construction and operation phase is presented.
The quantification of impact is done using numerical scores 0 to 5 as per the following criteria.
Score Severity criteria
0 No impact
1 No damage
2 Slight/ Short-term effect
3 Occasional reversible effect
4 Irreversible/ Long-term effect
5 Permanent damage
The scores for various parameters and activities are presented in table-4.5. Score of environmental impact
matrix are given in table-4.6.
4.12.1 CUMULATIVE IMPACT CHART
The total negative impact of various activities on any one parameter is represented as a cumulative score
and the cumulative scores of various parameters are given in the form of a cumulative impact chart
presented in table-4.7. Any particular parameter having an individual score greater than 4 or cumulative
score of 20 implies serious effects due to the project and calls for suitable mitigation measures.
It is evident from the matrices that the resultant impact is beneficial to the local population and due to
export (and import substitution) the resultant impact is beneficial to our country.
TABLE-4.5 IMPACT IDENTIFICATION MATRIX
Activities During
Operation Phase
Air
Quality Noise
Water
Qualit
y
Land
Requi-
rement
& Land
use
Infrast-
ructure
Env.
Hazar
ds
Terres-
trial &
Aquatic
Ecology
Socio-
Econom
ic
Status
Re-
source
Deplet
ion
Odor
Resource
Consumption ���� - ���� ���� - ���� ���� ���� ���� -
Material & goods
Storage/handling ���� ���� - ���� ���� ���� - - - ����
Utilities ���� ���� ���� ���� - ���� - ���� ���� -
Gaseous Emissions ���� - - - - ���� ���� ���� - ����
Fugitive Emissions ���� - - - - ���� ���� - - ����
Solid & Hazardous
Waste Disposal ���� - - ���� ���� ���� - - - ����
Spills & Leaks ���� - ���� - - ���� - - - ����
Shutdown/ Startup ���� ���� ���� - - - - ���� ���� ����
Equipment Failures ���� ���� ���� - - ���� ���� - - ����
Plant Operations ���� ���� ���� - ���� ���� ���� ���� ���� ����
Transportation ���� ���� - - ���� ���� - - - -
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M/s. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 4-17
TABLE-4.6 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT MATRIX
Activities During
Operation Phase
Air
Quality Noise
Water
Qualit
y
Land
Requi-
rement
& Land
use
Infrast-
ructure
Env.
Hazar
ds
Terres-
trial &
Aquatic
Ecology
Socio-
Econom
ic
Status
Re-
source
Deple-
tion
Odor
Resource
Consumption 1 0 2 1 0 2 1 1 3 0
Material & goods
Storage/handling 1 2 0 2 2 1 0 0 0 1
Utilities 2 2 2 1 0 2 0 1 2 0
Gaseous Emissions 3 0 0 0 0 2 2 1 0 1
Fugitive Emissions 2 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1
Solid & Hazardous
Waste Disposal 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1
Spills & Leaks 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1
Shutdown/ Startup 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 2 1 1
Equipment Failures 1 1 2 0 0 1 1 0 0 1
Plant Operations 2 2 3 0 2 1 1 1 3 1
Transportation 2 2 0 0 3 1 0 0 0 0
TABLE-4.7 CUMULATIVE IMPACT CHART
Environmental Parameter Total Cumulative Score
Air Quality 17
Noise 10
Water Quality 11
Land Requirement and Landuse 05
Infrastructure 08
Environmental Hazards 13
Terrestrial Aquatic Ecology 06
Socio Economic Status 06
Resource Depletion 09
Odor 08
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M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 5-1
CHAPTER – 5
ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES
5.1 ALTERNATIVES OF TECHNOLOGY For the proposed range of products, M/s. Orbit Pharma Laboratories will use chemical synthesis
methodology. All the products are well established in scientific forum of world chemical association. M/s.
Orbit Pharma Laboratories will increase the efficiency of chemical synthesis, by providing proper working
conditions & industrial equipments.
5.2 ALTERNATIVES OF SITE
5.2.1 DESCRIPTION
• The market of Pharmaceutical Industry has fast progressing growth and there is ample opportunity
in indigenous as well as export market.
• Management of M/s. Orbit Pharma Laboratories has decided to come up with the new family of
products.
• Site selection for a project is a critical decision made by management that significantly affects their
profit and loss. Decisions regarding the locations of industrial facilities influence where people
work, live, and determine the life-style of a community.
• For the expansion of unit, company has two options,
1. Purchase a new site.
2. Establish a new unit in existing premises.
After considering adverse impact & their mitigation measures for both options, Final selection of site has
been made.
5.2.2 IDENTIFICATION OF ADVERSE IMPACT
(1) If company will purchase a new site 1. Enormous increase in the capital cost of the project, if land possession cost is high.
2. Water, power, raw materials, transportation and skilled labour should not be cost effective.
If the site is not selected properly, it will adversely impact the project in above area.
(2) If company will establish a new unit in existing premises 1. Pollution load will be increased at existing site.
2. Fresh water requirement will be increased, thus additional burden on water source will take place.
3. More transportation will take place that will increase the traffic density of that specific region.
5.2.3 MITIGATION MEASURES
(1) If company will purchase a new site 1. New site should be available within budget.
2. Site should be very well connected with road/rail for the ease of transport, with all the infrastructure
facilities like availability of water, power etc.
3. Availability of man power should be there.
(2) If company will establish a new unit in existing premises 1. Proper mitigation measures to control Air, Water & Noise pollution will be provided.
2. Existing site has all the infrastructure facilities including broad roads, so that connectivity of
transportation etc will easily take place.
3. Existing experience of handling raw material, plots, manpower can be a good concept for proposed
expansion.
5.2.4 SELECTION OF SITE The project is having its pharmaceutical unit at the same location which is going for expansion.
• All administration will be done from one stage and common facilities will have cost reduction.
• Infrastructural facilities are available for the ease of project
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M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 5-2
• Easy availability of fuel, water, power, manpower, raw material, etc.
• No national park or wildlife habitats fall within 10 km radial distance from proposed project site.
• Hazardous waste disposal site is nearer to the project site.
Therefore, selected site is having positive benefit for the resin manufacturing unit.
So, the second option of establishing a new unit in existing premises is more convenient then to purchase a
new site for the proposed project.
5.3 NO PROJECT ALTERNATIVE
There is no alternatives to this project is thought of. Experience of handling similar operation of same site
will anyway lead to better management of operations and an environment sound operational practice.
Further the products listed are coming under life saving drugs and their production at our country will
reduce the import of drugs and will increase the availability in market and hence ensuring cost control on
similar products.
Moreover, such projects increase resource utilizations by creating more employment and hence contributing
to the nation’s economic growth.
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M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 6-1
CHAPTER – 6
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM
6.1 INTRODUCTION
Environmental monitoring provides feedback about the actual environmental impacts of a project.
Monitoring results help judge the success of mitigation measures in protecting the environment. They are
also used to ensure compliance with environmental standards, and to facilitate any needed project design or
operational changes.
An environmental monitoring program is important as it provides useful information and helps to:
� Assist in detecting the development of any unwanted environmental situation, and thus, provides
opportunities for adopting appropriate control measures, and
� Define the responsibilities of the project proponents, contractors and environmental monitors and
provides means of effectively communicating environmental issues among them.
� Define monitoring mechanism and identify monitoring parameters.
� Evaluate the performance and effectiveness of mitigation measures proposed in the Environmental
Management Plan (EMP) and suggest improvements in management plan, if required.
� Find out pollution level inside the plant and in nearby area.
� Compile pollution related data for remedial measures.
� Find out efficiency level of pollution control measures adopted.
6.2 MONITORING SCHEDULE DURING OPERATION PHASE Environmental monitoring program is a vital process of any management plan of the development project.
This helps in assessing the potential problems that result from the proposed expansion project, changes in
environmental conditions and effectiveness of implemented mitigation measures.
Regular monitoring in a systematic and standardized manner helps in assessment of current environment
and provides information on operational performance of installed pollution control facilities. Proposed
schedule of environmental monitoring for the proposed project is given in following table-6.1 which will be
carried out by third party.
TABLE-6.1 PROPOSED SCHEDULE OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING
No. Area of
Monitoring Sampling Locations Parameters to be Analyzed
Frequency of
Sampling
Air Pollution Monitoring
1. Stack Emission Each utility stack PM, SO2, NOx, HCl Once in a month
2. Ambient Air
Quality Three samples
PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOx, VOC,
CO, HCl Once in six month
3. Work Zone
Environment Within premises VOC Once in a year
Water Pollution Monitoring
4. Waste water Inlet and outlet of Effluent
treatment plant
pH, BOD, COD, TSS
As per consent of PCB
Continuous
Once in a month
5. Ground and
surface water Two sampling locations As per IS Standards Once in a year
Soil Pollution Monitoring
6. Soil Two sampling locations of
Impact Area As per consent of PCB Once in year
Noise Pollution Monitoring
7. Noise Noise generating units Sound Pressure Levels (Leq) Once in a month
within Plant Sound Pressure Levels (Leq) Once in a month
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M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 6-2
No. Area of
Monitoring Sampling Locations Parameters to be Analyzed
Frequency of
Sampling
8.
Occupational
Health
Monitoring
Pre-employment Check up Vision, Audiometry, Spirometry,
Chest Skiagram, Urine, RBCs,
etc.
Once after
appointment
Periodical Check up Spirometry, Urine, RBCs,
Anemia, etc.
<30 yrs. Once in five
years
31-40 yrs. Once in
four years
41-50 yrs. Once in
two years
Above >50 yrs. once
every year
Post employment check up Vision, Audiometry, Spirometry,
Chest Skiagram, Urine, RBCs,
etc.
Once before relief
6.3 WORK ZONE MONITORING FOR HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS Work zone monitoring for hazardous chemicals will be carried out by third party NABL/MoEF&CC authorized
laboratory. Sampling locations will be identified for the air borne concentration of hazardous chemicals.
Monitoring will be carried out and records shall be kept as per Gujarat Factories Rules (GFR). List of some
hazardous chemicals being used and going to be used are given as follows:
Toluene, Chloro Acetyle Chloride, Acetic acid, Diethyle Amine, HCl, Acetone, Hydrogen Peroxide, IPA, MDC etc.
M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 7-1
CHAPTER – 7
ADDITIONAL STUDIES
7.1 PUBLIC CONSULTATION/HEARING
Public consultation is applicable for the proposed project as per Para 7(i) III (b) of EIA Notification, 14th
September, 2006 as the project is located outside the notified industrial area. Details of the Public
consultation/hearing will be incorporated after completion of public hearing.
7.2 RISK ASSESSMENT
7.2.1 INTRODUCTION
Industrial activities including production, storage, handling, transportation and operational practices
presents levels of hazards to workforce, population and environment at large due to accidents, spills, leaks
etc. These accidents results in personal and financial loss. The assessment of the threat posed, its control
and prevention through good design, management and operational controls is of primal importance.
Events like the Bhopal tragedy have emphasized the need to address both on-site and off-site safety. It is
against this background that the various Section and Rules under the Environment Protection Act, 1986, the
Factories Act, 1948 and other Acts specify the requirements for a safe and reliable working of an industry.
These require carrying out various studies and analysis to assess and mitigate hazards prevalent in the
factory in line with the goal of safe and reliable working. These are more commonly known as “Risk
Assessment Studies”. Risk assessment refers to the technical, scientific assessment of the nature and
magnitude of risk and uses a factual base to define the health effects of exposure of individuals or
populations or ecological receptors to hazardous contaminants and situations.
The QRA report signifies that trained & skilled employees and supporting services can achieve improved
safety & productivity levels. Together they can also achieve low maintenance cost, optimized use of Raw
materials and negligible rejections/ wastes.
The project is advised to equip with a well planned Disaster Management Plan as an essential Mitigation
Control Measure.
Substantial information is given in the chapter PREVENTIVE MEASURES of QRA, for choosing Plant
and Equipment which will ensure PRODUCT SAFETY.
A good Legal & Regulatory Compliance Register shall be planned and be in place. All the Rules and
Regulations of the land shall be strictly followed to achieve a hindrance free operation of the plant from the
statutory point of view.
A good safety Manual shall be planned and be in place. All the requirements of Safety & Health of the
operating plant shall be an essential part of the manual. The Safety manual will serve as a good
communication medium to the employees of the plant. The systems to be complied by the operating level
employees as part of their responsibilities and the operational requirements of the system will be readily
available in the manual.
Risk Assessment study includes predictions of the WORST-CASE SCENARIO (catastrophic failure) and
MAXIMUM CREDIBLE ACCIDENT SCENARIO along with damage distances and preparedness plan for
effectively combating such situations. The report also discusses and demarcates the vulnerable zones and a
detailed fire control plan for flammable substances.
No plan is complete or total of its requirements and its scope of improvement is a continuous process.
Hence, the RISK ASSESSMENT REPORT is to be reviewed and updated as and when:
• any expansion, alteration, or extension of the plant is planned / implemented
• an incident has occurred and been dealt with, based on feedback gathered on any shortcomings in
the handling of the situation
• any feedback is received from the users of the report
Risk Assessment is therefore defined as a continuous and integrated process of identification, evaluation,
and measurement of risks, along with their potential impact on the organization.
M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 7-2
The benefits of risk assessment include the following:
• Mitigation or reduction of the risk of an incident.
• Mitigation of the severity and/or consequences by way of improved process techniques, fire
protection systems, arrangements of storage, inventory monitoring to fit production requirements.
• Confidence building in employees by improving competency.
Preparedness and prompt response to deal with any accident
7.2.2 DETAILS OF MANUFACTURING PROCESS
Detail of manufacturing operation is given in section 2.7.4 of chapter-2.
7.2.3 STORAGE AND HANDLING
The details of storage and handling of hazardous chemicals are listed in table-7.1. This list also contains the
hazardous characteristics of each Raw material. Permission for the storage of Methanol, Toluene and
Acetone, etc. will be obtained from PESO (Petroleum & Explosives Safety Organization), Nagpur, if
applicable.
TABLE-7.1 HAZARDOUS CHARACTERISTICS & STORAGE OF RAW MATERIALS
No.
Name of the
Hazardous
Substance
CAS No. State
No. of tank
/drums
/bags/carboys
Quantity
Stored
Place of its
Storage
Possible
type
of Hazards
1. 2,6-Dichlorophenol 87-65-0 Solid 93 nos. Drum 23.25 MT Solid RM Store Toxic
2. Potassium Carbonate 584-08-7 Solid 417 nos. Bag 10.425 MT Solid RM Store Toxic
3. Toluene 108-88-3 Liquid 1 nos 16 KL Tank 16 KM Tank Farm Area Toxic & Fire
4. MMCA 96-34-4 Liquid 65 nos. Drum 16.25 KL Liquid RM Store Fire & Toxic
5. Aniline Oil 62-53-3 Liquid 1 nos. 20 KL
Tank
20 KL Tank Farm Area Fire & Toxic
6. Sodium methoxide 124-41-4 Liquid 1 nos 20 KL Tank 20 KL Tank Farm Area Toxic, Fire
& Reactive
7. Chloro Acetyle
Chloride
79-04-9 Liquid 84 nos. Drum 21 KL Liquid RM Store Toxic
8. Alluminium Chloride 7446-70-0 Solid 403 nos. Bag 10.075 MT Solid RM Store Toxic
9. Caustic Soda 1310-73-2 Solid 105 nos. Bag 5.25 MT Solid RM Store Toxic
10. Carbon 7440-44-0 Solid 30 nos. Bag 0.9 MT Solid RM Store Fire
11. Diclofence Sodium 15307-79-6 Solid 22 nos. Bag 0.55 MT Solid RM Store Toxic
12. Acetic acid 64-19-7 Liquid 1 nos 20 KL Tank 20 KL Tank Farm Area Toxic
13. Diethyle Amine 109-89-7 Liquid 3 nos. Drum 0.69 KL Liquid RM Store Fire & Toxic
14. Hydrochloric Acid 7647-01-0 Liquid 18 nos. Drum 3.6 KL Liquid RM Store Toxic
15. 4 Chloro-2
Aminophenol
95-85-2 Solid 55 nos. Bag 1.375 MT Solid RM Store Toxic
16. Technical Grade
Urea
57-13-6 Solid 33 nos. Bag 1.65 MT Solid RM Store Toxic, Fire
17. Hydro Sulphide of
Soda
7775-14-6 Solid 1 nos. Bag 50 KG Solid RM Store Fire, Toxic
18. Caustic Lye 1310-73-2 Liquid 1 nos 10 KL Tank 10 KL Tank Farm Area Toxic
19. Methenol 67-56-1 Liquid 2 no., 20 KL 40 KL Tank Farm Area Fire, Toxic
20. 4-Chloro-2- Nitro
Aniline
89-63-4 Solid 163 nos. Bag 4.075 MT Solid RM Store Toxic
21. Thiophenol 108-98-5 Liquid 18 nos. Drum 3.6 KL Liquid RM Store Toxic, Fire
22. Forous Chloride 13478-10-9 Solid 15 nos. Bag 0.375 MT Solid RM Store Toxic
23. Hydrazine Hydride 7803-57-8 Liquid 24 nos. Drum 4.8 KL Liquid RM Store Toxic, Fire
24. Hydrogen Cynamide 420-04-2 Solid 17 nos. Drum 3.74 MT Solid RM Store Toxic, Fire
25. Methyl Formate 107-31-3 Liquid 10 nos. Drum 2 KL Liquid RM Store Fire, Toxic
26. Fenbendazole 43210-67-9 Solid 49 nos. Drum 1.225 MT Solid RM Store Fire, Toxic
M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 7-3
No.
Name of the
Hazardous
Substance
CAS No. State
No. of tank
/drums
/bags/carboys
Quantity
Stored
Place of its
Storage
Possible
type
of Hazards
27. Dimethyle Sulxoxide 67-68-5 Liquid 3 nos. Drum 0.63 KL Liquid RM Store Fire, Toxic
28. Hydrogen Peroxide 7722-84-1 Liquid 27 Nos. Carboys 0.81 KL Liquid RM Store Toxic
29. Acetone 67-64-1 Liquid 1 no., 20 KL 20 KL Tank Farm Area Fire, Toxic
30. N(4-5) Dicloro-2
Nitro Phenyle
Acetamide
5462-30-6 Solid 12 nos. Drum 2.4 MT Solid RM Store Toxic
31. DMF 68-12-2 Liquid 4 nos. Drum 0.8 KL Liquid RM Store Fire, Toxic
32. 2:3 Dichloro Phenol 576-24-9 Solid 2 nos. Drum 0.5 MT Solid RM Store Toxic, Fire
33. Nitrogen Gas 576-24-9 Gas 2 nos. Cylinder 0.1 kg RM Store Toxic
34. Hydrogen Gas 1333-74-0 Gas 3 nos. Cylinder 0.15 kg RM Store Fire
35. Rancynickel - Solid 9 nos. Drum 45 KG Solid RM Store Fire, Toxic
36. Hyflow 68855-54-9 Solid 1 nos. Bag 50 KG Solid RM Store -
37. Potassium Hydroxide 1310-58-3 Solid 12 nos. Bag 0.6 MT Solid RM Store Toxic
38. Calcium Disulphide 20548-54-3 Solid 6 nos. Bag 0.3 MT Solid RM Store Toxic
39. Dimethyle Sulphate 77-78-1 Liquid 3 nos. Drum 0.75 KL Liquid RM Store Toxic, Fire
40. IPA 67-63-0 Liquid 1 nos. Drum 0.2 KL Liquid RM Store Fire, Toxic
41. 2 Nitro-5(Phenylethio
Aniline)
43156-47-
44
Solid 2 nos. Drum 0.4 MT Solid RM Store Toxic
42. Methoxy Acetyl
Chloride
38870-89-2 Liquid 6 nos. Drum 0.6 KL Liquid RM Store Fire, Toxic
43. Methylene Dichloride 75-09-2 Liquid 19 nos. Drum 3.8 KL Liquid RM Store Toxic, Fire
44. Xylene 1330-20-7 Liquid 10 nos. Drum 2 KL Liquid RM Store Fire, Toxic
45. Thiour 62-56-6 Solid 1 nos. Drum 0.1 MT Solid RM Store Toxic, Fire
46. Decyl bromide 112-29-8 Liquid 6 nos. Drum 0.3 KL Liquid RM Store
47. Methychloro Formate 79-22-1 Liquid 2 nos. Drum 0.4 KL Liquid RM Store Fire, Toxic
48. 1-1 Cyclohexane
Diacetic Acid
99189-60-3 Liquid 2 nos. Drum 0.4 KL Liquid RM Store Toxic, Fire
49. Bromine 7726-95-6 Liquid 3 nos. Drum 0.3 KL Liquid RM Store Toxic
50. Caustic Flakes 1310-73-2 Solid 79 nos. Bag 3.95 MT Solid RM Store Toxic
51. Trietylamine 121-44-8 Liquid 1 nos. Drum 0.2 KL Liquid RM Store Fire, Toxic
52. 1,3 Cyclohexadione 504-02-9 Solid 10 nos. Bag 0.5 MT Solid RM Store Toxic
53. Phenyl Hydrazine 100-63-0 Liquid 3 nos. Drum 0.6 KL Liquid RM Store Toxic, Fire
54. Zinc Chloride 7646-85-7 Solid 4 nos. Bag 0.2 MT Solid RM Store Toxic
55. Phosphorous
Trichloride
02-12-7719 Liquid 3 nos. Drum 0.6 KL Liquid RM Store Toxic
56. Closantel Amine 57808-65-8 Solid 61 nos. Bag 1.525 MT Solid RM Store Toxic, Fire
57. Diiodosalicycli Acid 133-91-5 Solid 85 nos. Drum 2.125 MT Solid RM Store Toxic, Fire
58. Sodium Metal 7440-23-5 Solid 7 nos. Drum 1.05 MT Solid RM Store Toxic, Fire
59. Caustic Potash 1310-58-3 Solid 15 nos. Bag 0.75 MT Solid RM Store Toxic
60. Para Formaldehyde 30525-89-4 Solid 15 nos. Drum 0.375 MT Solid RM Store Toxic, Fire
61. 2-Methylimidazole 693-98-1 Solid 2 nos. Drum 0.4 MT Solid RM Store Toxic
62. Liq. Ammonia 1336-21-6 Liquid 4 nos. Bottle 0.2 KL Liquid RM Store Toxic
The hazardous chemicals having high risks due to storage quantity, high Flammability and acute Toxicity
are analyzed labeled and separately listed in table-7.2. These Hazardous chemicals have the potential to
cause the maximum damage and create a vulnerability zone in and around the company operations. They
are selected and highlighted for better visibility. MSDS of chemicals to be handled is enclosed as annexure-
XVI.
M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 7-4
TABLE-7.2 LIST OF MAJOR HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS INVENTRY & PROPERTIES
No. Source TPQ /
MT Cas No. Nature of Hazards
1. Methanol 20 KL 67-56-1
Highly flammable. Soluble in water. Flash Point: 52°F , B.P: 148.3°F
Toxic use PPE while handling.. ERPG1: 200 ppm., ERPG2: 1000
ppm., ERPG3: 5000 ppm., IDLH: 6000 ppm. Regulated chemical.
FLAMMABLE
2. Aniline
Oil 20 KL 62-53-3
Aniline oil is toxic and combustible in nature. Colorless liquid having
Aromatic (Amine like) ordor and Soluble in oil. B.P.: 184.1 oC, Odor
Threshold: 2.4 ppm, TWA: 7.6 (mg/m3) from ACGIH
TOXIC
3. Toluene 16 KL 108-88-3
Flammable liquid, insoluble in water. Flash Points: 4.4°C (40°F).
Flammable Limits: LOWER: 1.1% UPPER: 7.1% Boiling Point:
110.6°C (231.1°F), Odor Threshold: 1.6 ppm, AEGL-1 (60 min): 67
ppm AEGL-2 (60 min): 560 ppm AEGL-3 (60 min): 3700 ppm,
IDLH: 500 ppm
FLAMMABLE
4. Acetone 20 KL 67-64-1
Flammable liquid, Auto-Ignition Temperature: 465°C (869°F), Flash
Points: -20°C (-4°F), Flammable Limits: LOWER: 2.6% UPPER:
12.8%, Boiling Point: 56.2°C (133.2°F), Odor Threshold: 62 ppm,
AEGL-1 (60 min): 200 ppm AEGL-2 (60 min): 3200 ppm AEGL-3
(60 min): 5700 ppm
FLAMMABLE
Hazardous scenarios for the purpose of RISK ANALYSIS which are most likely to happen during
a. Storage conditions, b. during the manufacturing processes & handling are planned and listed in table-7.3.
These hazardous chemicals are assessed with the scenarios, for deriving and identifying the vulnerable
zones.
TABLE-7.3 RISK ANALYSIS
No. Source Scenarios Failure
Mechanism
RISK
Consequence Probability
1 Severity
2
Risk Rating3
(max = 25)
1. Acid spillage from
drums
Spillage during
handling
Puddle formation -
Toxic vapour 2 2 4
2. Leakage during
transfer of
Hydrogen gas from
the cylinder
Coupling fit not
fully
established
Leakage from the
coupling joint. Fire
or explosion. 2 2 4
3. Unloading pipe
coupling Loose in
Methanol unloading
Spillage during
handling
Puddle formation
in unloading area –
flammable vapor
3 2 6
4. Release of Toluene
from tank
Leakage from
tank
Puddle formation –
Pool fire 3 2 6
5. Release of Acetone
from tank
Leakage from
tank
Puddle formation –
Pool fire 3 2 6
6. Release of Aniline
Oil from tank
Leakage from
tank
Puddle formation -
Toxic vapour 2 2 4
LEGEND
1PROBABILITY:
2SEVERITY:
3RISK RATING:
1 – HIGHLY UNLIKELY 1 – EXTREMELY MILD PROBABILITY x SEVERITY
2 – UNLIKELY 2 – MILD
3 – SOMEWHAT LIKELY 3 – MODERATE
4 – LIKELY 4 – SEVERE
5 – VERY LIKELY 5 – MOST SEVERE
M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 7-5
• There are few toxic severity scenario risks, on the operational and storage of chemicals.
• The worst-case scenario is also well within the reach of fire protection/mitigation measures, planned for
installation.
• Fire protection/ control / mitigation measures are incorporated.
All the raw material will be stored within premises in Drums, Carboys, bags and cylinder except Methanol,
Aniline Oil, Toluene and Acetone which will be stored in tank. Considering above rating M/s. Orbit Pharma
Laboratories can be categorized as a medium hazard industry who can manage their risks through invoking
On site emergency plan and actively participating in Off-site emergency plan.
During the navigation of above sequence of activities, it is drawn to the understanding that the storage &
handling are to be closely associated with the Threshold Planned quantities (TPQ) of hazardous
chemicals. This will ensure, the associated preventive / mitigating facilities planned and installed for
managing the projected risk scenarios will be serving the desired objectives.
The in-house regulatory measures for implanting safety shall be appropriate to the risks, and to be handled
by trained persons for the purpose. SOPs are to be documented and identified people are to be trained.
Regular mock drills shall be planned and executed, as a preparation/ precaution for dealing with emergency
operations.
7.2.3.1 ANTIDOTES OF MAJOR PRDUCTS/RAW MATERIALS
Antidotes of major products/raw materials are shown in following table-7.4.
TABLE-7.4 ANTIDOTES OF CHEMICALS
No. Name of Chemical Antidote
1. Bromine Wash the skin plenty of water. Apply sodium bi carbonate and again wash the
skin plenty of water. If gone in eye, wash plenty of water through spray up to 15
minutes. Put two or three drops of pontocane (0.5 solution) or benoxinate
(novesine) 0.4%. if problem in respiration, give milk, butter milk or lemon juice
or make a small cotton ball and drench with ethanol or ether solution drops and
put it near victim's nose for smell. Apply pure oxygen. If go in the intestine give
milk. Milk butter and milk of magnesia.
Dexona, Avil
2. Phenol and derivatives Take the patient in clean air, activated charcoal and 240ml milk, if the eye or
skin affected than wash with plenty of water, clean the skin with poly ethylene
glycol.
3. Acetic Acid Milk of magnesia
4. Aniline Oil Methylene Blue
5. Di Methyl Amine Methylene Blue
6. Hydrochloric Acid Drink Larqe Quality of water , Milk of Maqnesia
7. Iso Propyl Alcohol Novasine Eye Drops
8. Acetic Acid Milk of maqnesia
9. Methanol Oxygen or Baking Soda in a glass of water or Ethanol, Novasine Eye Drops
10. Monochloro Acetic
Acid
Silver Sulphadiazine
11. Xylene, Toluene. Wash the skin area plenty of water if affected. Fresh air or Oxygen, 0.1 mg/kg
slowly through injection rest in bed. Don't apply Epinefrin, Ifridin etc. Don't
apply milk, vegetable oil or alcohol.
7.2.3.2 ACTION PLAN FOR SAFETY PRECAUTIONS FOR THE STORAGE OF MATERIALS
Storage in HDPE drums / Carboys or bags:
- Separately stored with proper enclosures and marked, within premises in closed shed
- Proper ventilation will be provided
- Sufficient fire extinguishers and PPE will be provided
- Flame proof fittings will be provided
M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 7-6
- Smoking will be prohibited
- Bags/drums/ carboys will be stored on pallet with the suitable trap
Hazardous chemical handling, Storage, transportation and unloading:
- Hazardous material will be stored away from the plant and safe distance shall be maintained
- Dyke wall shall be provided to all above ground storage tank
- Proper selection of MOC for tank
- Fire hydrant system shall be installed
- Safety shower and eye washer shall be installed near storage area
- Sprinkler system shall be installed at flammable material storage area
- Flame proof light fitting shall be provided at flammable storage area
- Earthing/bonding shall be provided for static charges
- Only authorized person shall be permitted in storage tank area
- Methanol, Toluene, Acetone, Aniline Oil, etc shall be transported through road tanker
- Procedure shall be prepared for loading and unloading of Methanol received through road tanker
- Flame proof electric motor shall be used during loading/unloading
- Personal Protective Equipments (PPEs) shall be provided
- Term Card shall be provided to all transporters and shall be trained for transportation emergency of
hazardous chemicals
7.2.4 HAZARD AND ITS CONTROL MEASURES
Details of possible hazards or emergency at the site along with safety measures are given in following table.
TABLE-7.5 HAZARDS AND ITS CONTROL MEASURE
Sr.
No.
Name of the
possible hazard or
emergency
Its souses &
reason
Its effect on person,
property, &
environment
Place of its
effect Control measure provided
1. BOILER
1) Burning
physical injury
explosion
Over pressure in
the boiler if safety
valve not working.
Water level
indicator not
working. Low
water level
indicator fail. High
temp. system fail.
Minor/Major injury
loss of human life
loss of property (loss
of Main/machine
material)
Boiler House
and
surrounding
places
Lower & upper level indication
system provision. Safety valves for
pressure control fixed temp. &
pressure indicator provided. Blow
down & blowing system provided for
cleaning tube and shell. Soft water
used. Inter locking provided on
pumps, FD farm, ID fan. Periodical
checking & inspection maintenance
done. Yearly inspection done by
boiler inspector
2. ELECRICITY
(1) Burning
(2) Fire
(3) Shock
Loose contacts,
weak earthing short
circuit improper
insulation
Burning, shock,
Death
Surrounding
the accident
area
Proper Earthing, Periodical Checking
of joints, proper insulations of
Equipment, etc. flame proof fitting in
solvent storage area, bounding and
jumpers to all solvent barrier lines
provided
3. HOUSE
KEEPING
(1) Physical
(2) Burning
(3) Fire
(4) Chemical
explosion
Bad House keeping Physical / Chemical
Thermal Burn injury
(Major / Minor)
In all
surrounding
areas i.e.
storage plants
Proper handling, regular cleaning,
Proper placement of material.
4. PIPELINE
LEAKAGES
Spillages etc.
(1) Corrosion
(2) Toxic gas
release
Leaking of pipe
line to corrosion.
Loose contact etc.
Physical / Chemical
Thermal Burn injury
(Major / Minor)
Plant area Proper maintenance, Proper selection
of material for pipe lines, immediate
attention, Earthing provided, flame
proof fitting.
NO SMOKING Boards displayed.
5. Fire Transformer
Transfer oil short
circuit etc.
- Electrical power
failure
- Production
hindrance
Transformer
near power
control centre
- Fire Fighting Equipment's
- Graved bed for oil spillage or
soaking
M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 7-7
Sr.
No.
Name of the
possible hazard or
emergency
Its souses &
reason
Its effect on person,
property, &
environment
Place of its
effect Control measure provided
- Loss of
transformer
- isolated fenced area
- Lightening arrestor nearby
- DG set for emergency power supply
6. Fire & Toxic
chemical spillage - Natural Disaster
i.e. Earthquakes,
storm,
Lighterning
- Sabotage Fire in
neighboring
- industries
- Production
hindrance
- Trapping under
debris, death
Chemical burn
Toxic chemical
spillage
Whole
factory &
population
nearby
- Hydrant system
- Sprinkler system in storage area
- Lightening arrestor at buildings
- First aid & ambulance available
- Smoking prohibited inside the
factory
- Security at all the time guarding
important locations
7. Fire & smoke Solvent fire in
storage tank
Burns
Storage tank
catching fire
Production hindrance
Whole
factory &
population
nearby
- Hydrant system with water
monitors
- Adequate earthing Tanker
unloading permit
- Unauthorized person not allowed to
enter
- Breathing Apparatus for rescue
operations
- Alarm system for indicating
unusual incidence
7.2.5 RISK IDENTIFICATION AND ANALYSIS
Identification of risks is done qualitatively and quantitatively through the selection of hazardous substances
and by studying the manufacturing process, to arrive at possible failures and their inherent causes.
Probability of risk occurrence is also ascertained in order to determine the MAXIMUM CREDIBLE
ACCIDENT SCENARIO and the WORST CASE SCENARIO.
Hazardous substances have been identified as follows considering the applicable criteria laid down under
the Chemical Accident (Emergency Planning, Preparedness and Response) Rules, 1996, as well as other
relevant guidelines:
The risks are then analyzed quantitatively in terms of probability, and severity. The risks have also been
rated according to the matrix R = Probability x Severity.
7.2.5.1 MAXIMUM CREDIBLE LOSS ACCIDENT SCENARIOS
A Maximum Credible Accident (MCA) can be characterised as the worst credible accident. In other words:
an accident in an activity, resulting in the maximum consequence distance that is still believed to be
possible. A MCA-analysis does not include a quantification of the probability of occurrence of the accident.
Another aspect, in which the pessimistic approach of MCA studies appears, is the atmospheric condition
that is used for dispersion calculations.
The Maximum Credible Loss (MCL) scenarios have been developed for the Facility. The MCL cases
considered, attempt to include the worst “Credible” incidents- what constitutes a credible incident is always
subjective. Nevertheless, guidelines have evolved over the years and based on basic engineering judgement,
the cases have been found to be credible and modelling for assessing vulnerability zones is prepared
accordingly. Only catastrophic cases have been considered and not partial or small failures (as is the case in
Quantitative Risk Assessment where contributions from low frequency - high outcome effect as well as
high frequency - low outcome events are distinguished). The objective of the study is emergency planning,
hence only holistic & conservative assumptions are used for obvious reasons. Hence though the outcomes
may look pessimistic, the planning for emergency concept should be borne in mind whilst interpreting the
results.
M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 7-8
7.2.5.2 DAMAGE CRITERIA
In consequence analysis, use is made of a number of calculation models to estimate the physical effects of
an accident (spill of hazardous material) and to predict the damage (lethality, injury, material destruction) of
the effects. The calculations can roughly be divided in three major groups:
a) Determination of the source strength parameters;
b) Determination of the consequential effects;
c) Determination of the damage or damage distances.
The basic physical effect models consist of the following:
Source strength parameters
* Calculation of the outflow of liquid, vapour or gas out of a vessel or a pipe, in case of rupture.
Also two-phase outflow can be calculated.
* Calculation, in case of liquid outflow, of the instantaneous flash evaporation and of the dimensions
of the remaining liquid pool.
* Calculation of the evaporation rate, as a function of volatility of the material, pool dimensions and
wind velocity.
* Source strength equals pump capacities, etc. in some cases.
Consequential effects
* Dispersion of gaseous material in the atmosphere as a function of source strength, relative density
of the gas, weather conditions and topographical situation of the surrounding area.
* Intensity of heat radiation [in kW/ m2] due to a fire or a BLEVE, as a function of the distance to the
source.
* Energy of vapour cloud explosions [in N/m2], as a function of the distance to the distance of the
exploding cloud.
* Concentration of gaseous material in the atmosphere, due to the dispersion of evaporated chemical.
The latter can be either explosive or toxic.
It may be obvious, that the types of models that must be used in a specific risk study strongly depend upon
the type of material involved:
- Gas, vapour, liquid, solid
- Inflammable, explosive, toxic, toxic combustion products
- Stored at high/low temperatures or pressure
- Controlled outflow (pump capacity) or catastrophic failure
Selection of Damage Criteria
The damage criteria give the relation between extent of the physical effects (exposure) and the percentage
of the people that will be killed or injured due to those effects. The knowledge about these relations
depends strongly on the nature of the exposure. For instance, much more is known about the damage caused
by heat radiation, than about the damage due to toxic exposure, and for these toxic effects, the knowledge
differs strongly between different materials.
In Consequence Analysis studies, in principle three types of exposure to hazardous effects are
distinguished:
1. Heat radiation, from a jet, pool fire, a flash fire or a BLEVE.
2. Explosion
3. Toxic effects, from toxic materials or toxic combustion products.
In the next three paragraphs, the chosen damage criteria are given and explained.
M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 7-9
Heat Radiation
The consequence caused by exposure to heat radiation is a function of:
• The radiation energy onto the human body [kW/m2
];
• The exposure duration [sec];
• The protection of the skin tissue (clothed or naked body).
• The limits for 1% of the exposed people to be killed due to heat radiation, and for second-degree
burns are given in the table-7.6 herein:
TABLE-7.6 DAMAGES TO HUMAN LIFE DUE TO HEAT RADIATION
Exposure
Duration
Radiation for 1%
lethality (kW/m2)
Radiation for 2nd
degree burns(kW/m2)
Radiation for first
degree burns, (kW/m2)
10 Sec 21.2 16 12.5
30 Sec 9.3 7.0 4.0
• Since in practical situations, only the employees will be exposed to heat radiation in case of a fire, it is
reasonable to assume the protection by clothing. It can be assumed that people would be able to find a
cover or a shield against thermal radiation in 10 sec. time. Furthermore, 100% lethality may be
assumed for all people suffering from direct contact with flames, such as the pool fire, a flash fire or a
jet flame. The effects due to relatively lesser incident radiation intensity are given below.
TABLE-7.7 EFFECTS DUE TO INCIDENT RADIATION INTENSITY
Incident Radiation in kw/m2 Type of Damage
0.7 Equivalent to Solar Radiation
1.6 No discomfort for long exposure
4.0 Sufficient to cause pain within 20 sec. Blistering of skin (first degree
burns are likely)
9.5 Pain threshold reached after 8 sec. second degree burns after 20 sec.
12.5 Minimum energy required for piloted ignition of wood, melting plastic
tubing etc.
Explosion
In case of vapour cloud explosion, two physical effects may occur:
* A flash fire over the whole length of the explosive gas cloud;
* A blast wave, with typical peak overpressures circular around ignition source.
As explained above, 100% lethality is assumed for all people who are present within the cloud proper.
For the blast wave, the lethality criterion is based on:
* A peak overpressure of 0.1 bar will cause serious damage to 10% of the housing/structures.
* Falling fragments will kill one of each eight persons in the destroyed buildings.
The following damage criteria may be distinguished with respect to the peak overpressures resulting from a
blast wave:
TABLE-7.8 DAMAGE DUE TO OVERPRESSURES
Peak Overpressure Damage Type
0.83 bar Total Destruction
0.30 bar Heavy Damage
M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 7-10
Peak Overpressure Damage Type
0.10 bar
0.03 bar
Moderate Damage
Significant Damage
0.01 bar Minor Damage
From this it may be concluded that p = 0.17 E+5 pa corresponds approximately with 1% lethality.
Furthermore, it is assumed that everyone inside an area in which the peak overpressure is greater than 0.17
E+5 pa will be wounded by mechanical damage. For the gas cloud explosion, this will be inside a circle
with the ignition source as its centre.
Intoxication
The consequences from inhalation of a toxic vapour/gas are determined by the toxic dose.
This dose D is basically determined by:
- Concentration of the vapour in air;
- Exposure duration.
Furthermore, of course, the breathing rates of the victim, as well as the specific toxic mechanism unto the
metabolism play an important role.
The dose is defined as D = Cn
.t, with:
C = concentration of the toxic vapour, in [ppm] or [mg/m3];
t = exposure duration, in [sec] or [min];
n = exponent, mostly > 1.0; this exponent takes into account the fact that a high concentration
over a short period results in more serious injury than a low concentration over a relatively
longer period of exposure. The value of n should be greater than zero but less than 5.
The given definition for D only holds if the concentration is more or less constant over the exposure time;
this may be the case for a (semi) continuous source. In case of an instantaneous source, the concentration
varies with time; the dose D must be calculated with an integral equation:
D = ∫ Cn.dt
For a number of toxic materials, so-called Vulnerability Models (V.M.) have been developed. The general
equation for a V.M. (probit function) is:
Pr = a + b.ln (Cn.t), with
Pr = probit number, being a representation of the percentage of people suffering a certain kind
of damage, for instance lethality
Pr = 2.67 means 1% of the population;
Pr = 5.00 means 50% of the population;
a and b material dependent numbers;
Cn.t = dose D, as explained above.
The values for a and b are mostly derived from experiments with animals; occasionally, however, also
human toxicity factors have been derived from accidents in past. In case only animal experiments are
available, the inhalation experiments with rats seem to be best applicable for predicting the damage to
people from acute intoxication. Although much research in this field have been done over the past decades,
only for a limited number of toxic materials consequence models have been developed. Often only quite
scarce information is available to predict the damage from an acute toxic exposition. Data transformation
from oral intoxication data to inhalation toxicity criteria is sometimes necessary. Generally, in safety
evaluations pessimistic assumptions are applied in these transformation calculations. The calculated
damage (distance) may be regarded as a maximum. For the purposes of a response to a major incident, the
IDLH value level has been chosen for the ‘wounded‘ criteria. This type of injury will require medical
attention.
M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 7-11
7.2.5.2.1 SOFTWARE USED FOR CALCULATIONS
ALOHA (Areal Locations of Hazardous Atmospheres):
Aloha is a computer program designed especially for use by people responding to chemical accidents, as
well as for emergency planning and training. ALOHA can predict the rates at which chemical vapors may
escape into the atmosphere from broken gas pipes, leaking tanks, and evaporating puddles. It can then
predict how a hazardous gas cloud might disperse in the atmosphere after an accidental chemical release.
ALOHA is an air dispersion model, which you can use as a tool for predicting the movement and dispersion
of gases. It predicts pollutant concentrations downwind from the source of a spill, taking into consideration
the physical characteristics of the spilled material. ALOHA also accounts for some of the physical
characteristics of the release site, weather conditions, and the circumstances of the release. Like many
computer programs, it can solve problems rapidly and provide results in a graphic, easy-to-use format. This
can be helpful during an emergency response or planning for such a response.
ALOHA provides output as amount of chemical discharged from the source as well as its concentration in
air it takes in to account different levels of concentrations for a specified chemical. Different concentration
levels are given below:
ERPG 1: is the maximum airborne concentration below which it is believed that nearly all individuals
could be exposed for up to 1 hour without experiencing other than mild transient adverse health effects or
perceiving a clearly defined, objectionable odor.
ERPG 2: is the maximum airborne concentration below which it is believed that nearly all individuals
could be exposed for up to 1 hour without experiencing or developing irreversible or other serious health
effects or symptoms which could impair an individual's ability to take protective action.
ERPG 3: is the maximum airborne concentration below which it is believed that nearly all individuals
could be exposed for up to 1 hour without experiencing or developing life-threatening health effects.
IDLH: The Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health (IDLH) level. A chemical's IDLH is an estimate of
the maximum concentration in the air to which a healthy worker could be exposed without suffering
permanent or escape-impairing health effects.
7.2.5.3 VULNERABILITY ANALYSIS
A vulnerability analysis is carried out on the MAXIMUM CREDIBLE ACCIDENT SCENARIO. The
analysis is carried out using the help of sophisticated computer software which provides the zone of
influence as well as the geographical risk contours.
The calculations are complex in nature, and various parameters are defined to assist the software in
simulating the risk contours. The parameters include details such as the size of the leakages / holes, quantity
of materials released, duration of the release, weather and geographical conditions.
The simulations are generated under standard operating conditions. Data given in the reports and manuals
are taken as correct information. The weather conditions are taken as per table-7.9 for all simulations.
TABLE-7.9 WEATHER CONDITIONS
Parameters Condition A Condition B
Wind Speed 10.0 m/s 3.0 m/s
Pasquill Stability D F
Ground Roughness Urban Forest Urban Forest
Air Temperature (°C) 30 25
Surface temperature 30 25
Relative Humidity 50% 50%
Cloud Cover 50% 50%
M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 7-12
7.2.5.4 MAXIMUM CREDIBLE ACCIDENT SCENARIO
The MAXIMUM CREDIBLE ACCIDENT SCENARIO was analyzed based on flammable vapor and toxic
vapor risks. The ALOHA simulation software was used to obtain the risk contours and the zone of
influence, as well as levels of risk associated with each zone.
The calculations performed are based on Unified Dispersion Modeling and provide the foot prints of
hazardous chemical dispersion and the distances of critical concentrations for flammability and toxicity.
The model considers a three stage method as given in the following illustration:
POOL SPREADING AND VAPORIZATION
The release containing liquid droplets forms a pool. Any
evaporation from this pool will contribute to the dispersing
pool.
Evaporation
↓ DISPERSION
The vapor cloud disperses in the atmosphere until it has
reached harmless concentration.
Calculation of the concentration profile of the cloud
↓
FLAMMABILITY AND TOXICITY
The results of the ALOHA simulation as well as the parameters used for carrying out the simulations is
given below in tables. Downwind concentrations of chemicals are shown.
SCENARIOS CONSIDERED:
1. Maximum Credible Accident scenario for Toluene – “Pool Fire” - Threat Zone Evaluation :
Chemical Data: Chemical Name: TOLUENE
CAS Number: 108-88-3 Molecular Weight: 92.14 g/mol
AEGL-1 (60 min): 67 ppm AEGL-2 (60 min): 560 ppm AEGL-3 (60 min): 3700 ppm
IDLH: 500 ppm LEL: 11000 ppm UEL: 71000 ppm
Ambient Boiling Point: 110.4° C
Vapor Pressure at Ambient Temperature: 0.048 atm
Ambient Saturation Concentration: 48,691 ppm or 4.87%
A. For Atmospheric Stability Condition ‘D’
Source Strength: Leak from hole in horizontal cylindrical tank
Flammable chemical is burning as it escapes from tank
Tank Diameter: 2 meters Tank Length: 5.1 meters
Tank Volume: 16.0 cubic meters Tank contains liquid
Internal Temperature: 30° C Chemical Mass in Tank: 13.7 tons
Tank is 90% full Circular Opening Diameter: 1 inches
M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 7-13
Opening is 5 centimeters from tank bottom Max Flame Length: 5 meters
Burn Duration: ALOHA limited the duration to 1 hour Max Burn Rate: 24.5 kilograms/min
Total Amount Burned: 1,451 kilograms
Note: The chemical escaped as a liquid and formed a burning puddle.
The puddle spread to a diameter of 2.5 meters.
Threat Zone: Threat Modeled: Thermal radiation from pool fire
Red : less than 10 meters(10.9 yards) --- (10.0 kW/(sq m) = potentially lethal within 60 sec)
Orange: 10 meters --- (5.0 kW/(sq m) = 2nd degree burns within 60 sec)
Yellow: 13 meters --- (2.0 kW/(sq m) = pain within 60 sec)
B. For Atmospheric Stability Condition ‘F’
Source Strength:
Leak from hole in horizontal cylindrical tank
Flammable chemical is burning as it escapes from tank
Tank Diameter: 2 meters Tank Length: 5.1 meters
Tank Volume: 16.0 cubic meters Tank contains liquid
Internal Temperature: 25° C Chemical Mass in Tank: 13.7 tons
Tank is 90% full Circular Opening Diameter: 1 inches
Opening is 5 centimeters from tank bottom Max Flame Length: 7 meters
Burn Duration: ALOHA limited the duration to 1 hour Max Burn Rate: 24.5 kilograms/min
Total Amount Burned: 1,454 kilograms
Note: The chemical escaped as a liquid and formed a burning puddle.
M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 7-14
The puddle spread to a diameter of 2.6 meters.
Threat Zone: Threat Modeled: Thermal radiation from pool fire
Red : less than 10 meters(10.9 yards) --- (10.0 kW/(sq m) = potentially lethal within 60 sec)
Orange: 11 meters --- (5.0 kW/(sq m) = 2nd degree burns within 60 sec)
Yellow: 15 meters --- (2.0 kW/(sq m) = pain within 60 sec)
2. Maximum Credible Accident scenario for Methanol - “Pool Fire” - Threat Zone Evaluation :
Chemical Data: Chemical Name: METHANOL
CAS Number: 67-56-1 Molecular Weight: 32.04 g/mol
AEGL-1 (60 min): 530 ppm AEGL-2 (60 min): 2100 ppm AEGL-3 (60 min): 7200 ppm
IDLH: 6000 ppm LEL: 71800 ppm UEL: 365000 ppm
Ambient Boiling Point: 64.7° C
Vapor Pressure at Ambient Temperature: 0.21 atm
Ambient Saturation Concentration: 216,411 ppm or 21.6%
A. For Atmospheric Stability Condition ‘D’
Source Strength: Leak from hole in horizontal cylindrical tank
Flammable chemical is burning as it escapes from tank
Tank Diameter: 2 meters Tank Length: 7.35 meters
Tank Volume: 23.1 cubic meters Tank contains liquid
Internal Temperature: 30° C Chemical Mass in Tank: 19.0 tons
Tank is 95% full Circular Opening Diameter: 2 inches
Opening is 5 centimeters from tank bottom Max Flame Length: 5 meters
Burn Duration: ALOHA limited the duration to 1 hour Max Burn Rate: 93.6 kilograms/min
M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 7-15
Total Amount Burned: 5,263 kilograms
Note: The chemical escaped as a liquid and formed a burning puddle.
The puddle spread to a diameter of 10.9 meters.
Threat Zone: Threat Modeled: Thermal radiation from pool fire
Red : 12 meters --- (10.0 kW/(sq m) = potentially lethal within 60 sec)
Orange: 13 meters --- (5.0 kW/(sq m) = 2nd degree burns within 60 sec)
Yellow: 16 meters --- (2.0 kW/(sq m) = pain within 60 sec)
B. For Atmospheric Stability Condition ‘F’
Source Strength: Leak from hole in horizontal cylindrical tank
Flammable chemical is burning as it escapes from tank
Tank Diameter: 2 meters Tank Length: 7.35 meters
Tank Volume: 23.1 cubic meters Tank contains liquid
Internal Temperature: 25° C Chemical Mass in Tank: 19.0 tons
Tank is 95% full Circular Opening Diameter: 2 inches
Opening is 5 centimeters from tank bottom Max Flame Length: 6 meters
Burn Duration: ALOHA limited the duration to 1 hour Max Burn Rate: 93.8 kilograms/min
Total Amount Burned: 5,274 kilograms
Note: The chemical escaped as a liquid and formed a burning puddle.
The puddle spread to a diameter of 11.0 meters.
M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 7-16
Threat Zone: Threat Modeled: Thermal radiation from pool fire
Red : 12 meters --- (10.0 kW/(sq m) = potentially lethal within 60 sec)
Orange: 15 meters --- (5.0 kW/(sq m) = 2nd degree burns within 60 sec)
Yellow: 20 meters --- (2.0 kW/(sq m) = pain within 60 sec)
3. Maximum Credible Accident scenario for Acetone : “Pool Fire”- Atmospheric Stability Condition
‘D’
Chemical Data: Chemical Name: ACETONE
CAS Number: 67-64-1 Molecular Weight: 58.08 g/mol
AEGL-1 (60 min): 200 ppm AEGL-2 (60 min): 3200 ppm AEGL-3 (60 min): 5700 ppm
LEL: 26000 ppm UEL: 130000 ppm
Ambient Boiling Point: 56.3° C
Vapor Pressure at Ambient Temperature: 0.37 atm
Ambient Saturation Concentration: 377,520 ppm or 37.8%
A. For Atmospheric Stability Condition ‘D’
Source Strength: Leak from hole in horizontal cylindrical tank
Flammable chemical is burning as it escapes from tank
Tank Diameter: 2 meters Tank Length: 7.4 meters
Tank Volume: 23.2 cubic meters Tank contains liquid
Internal Temperature: 30° C Chemical Mass in Tank: 19.0 tons
Tank is 95% full Circular Opening Diameter: 2 inches
Opening is 5 centimeters from tank bottom Max Flame Length: 7 meters
Burn Duration: ALOHA limited the duration to 1 hour Max Burn Rate: 93.3 kilograms/min
Total Amount Burned: 5,494 kilograms
M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 7-17
Note: The chemical escaped as a liquid and formed a burning puddle.
The puddle spread to a diameter of 6.3 meters.
Threat Zone:
Threat Modeled: Thermal radiation from pool fire
Red : 13 meters --- (10.0 kW/(sq m) = potentially lethal within 60 sec)
Orange: 16 meters --- (5.0 kW/(sq m) = 2nd degree burns within 60 sec)
Yellow: 21 meters --- (2.0 kW/(sq m) = pain within 60 sec)
B. For Atmospheric Stability Condition ‘F’
Source Strength: Leak from hole in horizontal cylindrical tank
Flammable chemical is burning as it escapes from tank
Tank Diameter: 2 meters Tank Length: 7.4 meters
Tank Volume: 23.2 cubic meters Tank contains liquid
Internal Temperature: 25° C Chemical Mass in Tank: 19.0 tons
Tank is 94% full Circular Opening Diameter: 2 inches
Opening is 5 centimeters from tank bottom Max Flame Length: 9 meters
Burn Duration: ALOHA limited the duration to 1 hour
Max Burn Rate: 93.7 kilograms/min
Total Amount Burned: 5,511 kilograms
Note: The chemical escaped as a liquid and formed a burning puddle.
The puddle spread to a diameter of 6.3 meters.
Threat Zone: Threat Modeled: Thermal radiation from pool fire
Red : 13 meters --- (10.0 kW/(sq m) = potentially lethal within 60 sec)
Orange: 17 meters --- (5.0 kW/(sq m) = 2nd degree burns within 60 sec)
Yellow: 24 meters --- (2.0 kW/(sq m) = pain within 60 sec)
M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 7-18
RISK ASSESSMENT& MANAGEMENT
1. Hazardous materials list is prepared for raw materials / intermediate products. Analyzed for possible
On-site Emergency and Off site emergency conditions.
2. Threshold Planned quantities (TPQ) are planned for the plant operations. Most of the raw materials are
indigenous and locally procured. Hence the storage of materials are planned max. only for 30 days.
Makeup quantities shall be planned as a on-line system liking to the quantity of storage.
3. QRA analysis done for the hazardous raw materials. Vulnerability study done to assess the impact on
the nearby areas / Working persons inside the plant.
4. Quantum of Raw materials / Finished products are so low that there is practically no vulnerability
zone. Persons working in the plant, who are away by 10m down wind direction and 5 m on cross wind
direction, are safe to work with designated PPEs.
5. It is easy to control the manpower due to less number of employees and automated systems of
processes.
6. The finished products also pose less risk. The quantity of less per day, does not pose any high risk and
these products are immediately shipped out in the same shift.
7. Incompatibility standards of storage of hazardous materials advised, to avoid any escalation of risk. As
the storage space is limited, Vertical storage is advised with suitable design of racks.
M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 7-19
7.2.6 RISK PREVENTION AND RISK MITIGATION
Accident prevention is the primary safety goal of any organization. There are risks that can be eliminated
through preventive measures and those which can be reduced through mitigation measures.
7.2.6.1 PREVENTIVE MEASURES
The 4 E’s for elimination of hazards and prevent accidents are as follows:
• Engineering and technological innovation to improve reliability
• Experience in the study of hazards and operations- Risk analysis
• Enforcement of decisions on study results – Preventive mechanisms
• Education, awareness, and practice in prevention of accidents (Training & drills)
Various measures will be adopted at each stage of the project for ensuring safety of people, environment,
and property. These measures include the following:
• Site selection
• Choice of technology
• Equipment design incorporating domestic and international safety codes
• Plant layout with utmost consideration given to operational safety aspects
• Incorporation of interlocks and protection systems in plant design
• Safety awareness for key management persons
• Safety training of all operational , maintenance staff
• Regular safety monitoring - Audits and inspections
A. Site Selection
The plant is located adjacent Kadi Chhatral Highway. The site soil conditions are rigid and safe, complying
with the requirements of the load bearing capacity of various installations.
B. Choice of Technology
The process is carefully chosen for reducing wastes, reducing the risk to human beings and the
environment. It is the proven one and acknowledged internationally.
C. Equipment Design
Mechanical
1. All process equipments operating under pressure are designed as per ASME Section VIII pressure
vessel code for un-fired pressure vessels. The material of construction selected is compatible with
the chemicals handled to ensure minimum corrosion effects.
2. Heat exchangers are designed as per TEMA Class B and Class C standards as applicable.
3. Process tanks and vessels are sized taking into account minimum storage of intermediates and are
provided with adequate instrumentation to measure temperature, pressure, level etc.
4. All process pumps are either glandless canned or provided with double mechanical seals to ensure
no leakage during operation. Critical process pumps are also provided with bearing temperature
monitors which will ensure timely maintenance of rotating parts.
Piping
1. All pipes, fittings, and valves carrying the haz-chem are made of appropriate grade Steel, stainless
steel and with PTFE (Teflon) envelop gaskets.
2. All pipes carrying haz-chem are designed to ensure non-restrictive flow from one equipment to
another with minimum hold up of haz-chem in the lines.
3. All pipelines will be color coded as per the standard for easy identification of materials.
4. Pipeline sizes will be chosen such that pressure drops due to flow will be within permitted limits.
Critical velocity parameters are exceeded to avoid static electricity generation.
5. Wherever required, design incorporates suitable by-pass system to carry out maintenance work
during plant operations and also to enable sectional close-down during machinery break down, etc.
M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 7-20
6. Safety valves, relief valves, breather valves and rupture discs are mounted on hook-up piping to all
critical equipment.
7. Moderately warm pipes carrying fluids at > 50-60 °C will be insulated from the point of personnel
protection.
8. All manually operated valves will be located within easy reach of operator and at a operable height.
Wherever necessary approach platforms will be provided.
9. Adequate number of flange joints shall be provided with adequate supports in long lines for easy
dismantling and maintenance.
Electrical
1. Plant areas are segregated into zone areas as per the hazards present, with adequate distances to
separate the two zones vide Petroleum Rules.
2. Areas designated as Zone -0,1 areas will have all electrical fixtures including lighting fixtures,
switches, junction boxes, cable glands, etc. of approved make and flameproof type.
3. For stand by power diesel generator of adequate capacity will be installed with auto-start facility in
case of power trip/failure. This DG set will be located far away from the processing area.
4. All tanks, pumps, tankers, and pipelines are properly earthed and bonded for electrical continuity
and prevention of static electric charges. Double earthing will be provided to drain electrical charge
to two independent earth pits.
5. All incomers to the electrical panels including MCCs and PCC will have air circuit breakers of
adequate capacity for electrical protection of equipments connected to the outgoing feeders.
6. All feeders in MCCs and PCC will have user point identification at both termination ends for easy
tracking of faults and rectification.
7. Adequate ventilation fans will be provided in electrical panels for effective heat dissipation.
8. Earthing pits locations and requirements with looping grids shall be provided as per the legal and
regulatory requirements.
9. Overhead cable routing will take into account safe distances from buildings and facilities.
Underground cabling shall be marked with metal markers as per the regulatory requirements.
10. All panels will have incomer earth fault relay.
11. Lightning arrestors will be provided on top of all structures.
12. All cables running on trays at elevation shall be properly dressed up and tied with clamps for
rigidity.
13. All areas of plant and machinery and roads including all open operating areas are illuminated
sufficiently to carry out operations round the clock.
D. Plant Layout
1. The plant is laid out in such a way that hazards are either eliminated or isolated so as to manage it
effectively.
2. The location of the disaster prone areas of the plant is such that, they cause less impact to the
nearby factories or inhabitations.
3. Room housing heat generating equipment or containing chemicals are well-ventilated with
adequate air circulation.
4. Process plants which handles hazchem are designed as an open structure with all sides open for
adequate ventilation
5. Administrative office is located away from process plants and storage tank.
6. Security office is located close to gate and away from process plants and storage area.
7. Workers’ rest area, shower, and dispensary is located close to administrative office, away from
process plants.
8. Canteen is located close to administrative office and away from process plants.
M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 7-21
9. Adequate number of safety showers and eye wash fountains are provided in areas close to storage
facilities and process plants and on each floor wherever necessary
10. A separate area has been provided on site in the upwind direction for emergency evacuation-
Assembly Points.
11. Interconnecting roads within the plot are made circular so that more than one get-away is available
at any point.
12. A second gate is provided for use in case of emergency.
13. Proper drainage and enclosures are provided to drain away storm water from unforeseen flooding.
14. Flame proof areas have been isolated from the non-flameproof areas.
15. DG room and electrical transformer located away from administrative office, process plant and
storage area.
16. The storage area of hazchem is located in an isolated area, with adequate facilities for handling
spills and leakages.
17. Fire hydrant system covers the entire operating area of the plant.
18. Warning boards will be put up in areas where entry is restricted
19. No Smoking boards will be put up at the entrance and at other locations throughout the plant
20. Boards showing the numbers and contact details of government / district officials as well as fire
department, police department, district commissioner, etc. will be installed at security gate as well
as in the operational area.
21. Battery-cum-electrically operated emergency alarms will be made available.
22. Speed breakers and speed limit signs will be displayed as required
23. Hazardous chemicals shall be stored as per compatibility and based on corrosive and reactive
capabilities as per the guidelines in the MSDS.
24. MSDS of all hazardous chemicals will be kept in the areas where such materials are used and
stored.
25. Waste containers will be located at appropriate locations throughout the plant, and will be coded
according to the type of waste.
F. Safety Awareness for Key Management
1. Key management personnel will be made aware from the beginning of the project of the key issues
regarding the safety in design and operation of the plant.
2. Project management personnel have visited several industrial plants where hazchem is used in bulk
as a raw material for the production of finished products. Discussions with operational staff of the
plants during these visits has given them valuable insight into the safety aspects of handling of
hazchems.
3. Discussions on safe handling of hazchems have been carried out with various safety experts,
technical collaborators, and with overseas suppliers through conference calls.
G. Safety Training for All Operational Staff
1. All operational staff will be given safety training as a compulsory part of their induction program.
2. Safety training will include, among other things, the following important aspects:
a. awareness of hazards of individual chemicals through study of MSDS
b. correct usage of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
c. explanation of the hazards and risks present in the premises, as well as their analysis
d. impact on safety, health, and environment due to improper handling of hazardous
chemicals
e. guidelines for safety in operations
f. Do’s and Don'ts
M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 7-22
H. Safety Audits and Inspections
1. Regular safety audit will be conducted to ascertain the safety levels followed in the plant and
suggestions for improvement
2. Special safety audits will be conducted whenever there are process-related equipment / operational
changes made in the plant
3. Testing and inspection of high pressure equipment with periodical hydrotesting and thickness
testing will be carried out during maintenance shutdown
4. Testing of pressure safety valves and setting will be carried out once in a year during maintenance
shutdown
5. Calibration of control valves, instruments as and when required, but at least once in a year during
maintenance shutdown
6. Testing of electrical measurements, such as earthing resistance, will be carried out every year.
7. Testing of all fire hydrant installations, fire extinguishers, fire pumps, fire water level monitors will
be carried regularly.
7.2.6.2 MITIGATION MEASURES
Risk mitigation involves the reduction of the likelihood of a loss occurring due to an accident and the
reduction of the severity of such a loss.
Several risk mitigation measures have been taken into consideration in the planning of this project:
• Personal Protective Equipment
• Medical facilities
• Handling of leakages and spills
• Firefighting system
• Engineering controls
• Emergency Control Centre
• Disaster Management Plan
A. Personal Protective Equipment
Personal protective equipment (PPE) are needed to protect individuals from injury. Several types of PPE
are necessary for providing the optimum protection to individuals from the various risks. In addition to the
PPE which will be used for regular plant operation, the following PPE has been selected for preservation at
the plant’s Emergency Control Centre room for use in case of emergency:
TABLE-7.10 LIST OF PERSONNEL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
No. List of personal protective equipment Total (nos.)
1. B. A. set 1
2. Ear Plug 50
3. Hand Gloves 50
4. Gum Boots 10
5. Goggles 50
6. Helmets 25
7. Safety Belts 5
8. Aprons 5
9. Fire Proximity Suit 4
10. Safety Shoe 20
11. Ear Muff 5
12. Face Shield 10
13. Chemical Splash Goggle 10
M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 7-23
Details of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE’s), its Care and Management System proposed by the
company are given below:
Training:
1. Induction Training:
All employees including contract workmen given Induction training at the time of Joining for proper
use of safety equipment and PPEs with demonstration.
2. Special Training:
Company will arrange Special training for types of PPEs and adequate Use of PPEs as per training
calendar.
3. On Job training:
During On Job training , company will cover the right Use of PPEs as hazard and work
4. Training for Self Contained Breathing Apparatus and Emergency Life Saving Apparatus:
Company arranges training for Use of Self Contained Breathing Apparatus and Emergency Life Saving
Apparatus for all Employee including contract workmen.
Body Protection (Non Respiratory):
1. Protecting Clothing
1. Chemical Resistant Suit: for protection against chemical other then Acid.
2. PVC Suit: for protection against Acid & Alkali other then Hydrofluoric Acid
3. Apron: for working in Laboratory, Laboratory Apron is compulsory.
2. Head Protection (Safety Helmet):
Use of different color helmet for easy identification during the Emergency Situation.
• Yellow Color Helmet : for the Employees of the company
• Green Color Helmet : for Contract Workmen.
• White Color Helmet : for Visitor
• Blue Color Helmet : for Incident Controller at time of Emergency Handling.
3. Face & Eye Protection :
1. Face Shield: For working at Hazardous chemical, grinding work etc.
2. Safety Spectacles: for working in anywhere in plant side.
3. Safety Goggle: for covering of Full eye at time of certain defined job.
4. Ear Protection :
Ear Muff/Ear Plug: For working in High noise area.
5. Hand Protection:
1. PVC Gloves: For Hazardous chemicals like Acid, alkali, Hydrocarbons etc.
2. Chemical Resistant Gloves (Neoprene): for Chemical where PVC gloves not suitable.
3. Leather Gloves: for protection from cuts, abrasions, flying particles mildly hot materials.
4. Rubber Gloves (Electrical): for electrical work available with different voltage ratings
5. Rubber Gloves: for chemicals, oil greases
6. Foot Protection: 1. Safety Shoes: all employees of the company should wear safety shoes compulsory.
2. Gum Boot: for working in water, deep mud or bottom sediment.
Respiratory Protection:
1. Air Purifying Type: 1. Dust Mask: for protection against dust particle use at dusting atmosphere.
2. Chemical Cartridges Respirators: for toxic gaseous area. It is used for exit from the area if any gas
leakage.
M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 7-24
2. Air Supplying Type: 1. Self Contain Breathing Apparatus (SCBA): for emergency Handing.
2. Emergency Life Saving Apparatus (ELSA): as like SCBA but its capacity is low.
3. Air Hood Mask: for working in Confined space or gaseous atmosphere, there will be continue supply
of Fresh air by Blower.
General Protection:
1. Safety Belt: double harness full body safety belt is compulsory for work at height.
2. Safety Net: used for work at height.
3. Safety Shower: for first aid treatment in case of chemical exposure on body
4. Eye Washer Fountains: for first aid treatment in case of eye exposure.
Care of PPE’s:
� Each and every personal protective equipment should be visual checked by the user for its integrity
before its use and, if any defects are observed, the concerned supervisor should be promptly informed
and the defects corrected or PPE replaced.
� Self-contained breathing apparatus must be inspected monthly and details of the inspection and
maintenance recorded.
� All employees should familiarize themselves with different types of PPEs available in the company.
� When not in use, PPE should be carefully stored in a designated place. Do not put it in tool box where it
is likely to be damaged or allow it to lie in an open place where it may collect dust. Store PPE in a safe
place well covered, away from sunlight and dust.
� Do not use the PPE’s other than its purpose or don’t temper with any PPE’s.
B. Medical Facilities
Medical facilities are needed to provide immediate medical attention to people who may be exposed to
certain health risks during an accident.
1. First Aid Centre will be located at the Workers’ Facility near the administrative building and
canteen.
2. A doctor will visit the plant periodically.
3. First Aid Centre will be equipped with a safety shower, eye wash centre, and oxygen-administering
facility, etc.
4. Medicines and antidotes for relevant hazardous chemicals will be stored for 5 persons.
5. The contact numbers of all nearby hospitals and medical facilities will be kept and put up on a
board in the First Aid Centre.
6. A general agreement for immediate treatment will be made between the nearest hospital and the
plant.
dC. Handling of Leakages and Spills
Quick and safe handling of leakages and spills is the most effective method of risk mitigation in the plant.
The company will take the following steps to ensure that leakages and spills can be effectively handled:
1. Ensuring availability and provisioning of suitable PPE for handling spills and leakages.
2. Preparation of handling manuals and placement of the same at important locations.
3. Placement of sand buckets, AFFF (aqueous film forming foam) fire extinguishers, and dry chemical
(potassium bicarbonate-based) fire extinguishers at high risk areas.
4. Provisioning of specially marked containers for disposal of spillages.
5. Decontamination area has been earmarked for clothing contaminated by spills.
6. Creation of dykes in the areas where likelihood of spillages and leakage is greatest.
7. Eye-wash stations and showers.
In case the leakage or spill can be handled by on-site trained personnel using proper protective clothing and
equipment, the incident is not considered an emergency situation. Such non-emergency situations can
include malfunctioning pumps, defective pipelines or leaking valves or seals. Also small spills may occur
but can generally be handled without alarm.
M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 7-25
The MAXIMUM CREDIBLE ACCIDENT SCENARIO can be suitably handled without creating an
emergency situation. In the WORST CASE ACCIDENT SCENARIO, the designated incident controller
will be alerted and he will ensure that the emergency is properly dealt with and mitigated with all resources
available at our disposal, as per the guidelines laid out in the Disaster Management Plan.
D. Firefighting Systems
Due to the handling of flammable chemicals in the plant, it is necessary to provide an effective and efficient
firefighting system. A map of the firefighting installations is given in the plant site layout. Some of the
salient features are described as follows:
1. Fire water tank capacity and pump capacity of are based on the number of monitors, risers, and
outlets provided.
2. All firewater piping is located above ground to prevent hidden corrosion effects.
3. All fire hydrant points will have two independent ring mains for adequate water flow and safety.
All fire Nozzles shall be Spray type OR Mist type suitable for surround fighting system.
M/s. Orbit Pharma Laboratories management shall take into consideration fire prevention measures at the
project planning and during plant commissioning stage to avoid any outbreak of fire. But looking to the
hazardous nature of manufacturing operation shall be handled and processed, the chances of outbreak of fire
is however less but cannot be refuted. Hence to avoid such a scenario, a well laid fire protection system is
provided in the factory which will be upgraded. List of existing and proposed firefighting equipment’s are
given in table-7.10.
TABLE-7.11 LIST OF PROPOSED FIRE FIGHTING EQUIPMENTS
No. Firefighting
equipment’s Capacity
Quantity
Existing Proposed Total
1. Fire Extinguisher
(DCP and CO2 type)
5, 8 & 10 Kgs 16 25 42
2. Mechanical Foam 9.0 Liters 0 4 4
3. Sand Bucket Stand 3 – 4 Buckets 1 2 3
4. Sand Buckets 08 Liters 1 2 3
5. Hydrant Post - 0 15 15
6. Water Reservoir 300 KL 0 300 KL 300 KL
7. Hose rill 63 mm Día 0 10 10
8. Foam Monitor 100 mm Dia. 0 1 1
9. Foam Trolley 50 Ltr. 0 1 1
10. Smoke Detector - 0 10 10
11. Heat Detector - 0 2 2
12. Public communication - Electric Siren System
- Manual Siren System
- Public Announcement System
covered all Plant Area
- Mega Phone 01 KM Cap.
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Facilities of fire and safety services are also easily available in the study area.
E. Emergency Control Centre
The Emergency Control Centre is a designated room that shall be occupied by the Incident Controller, the
final authority to give directives, coordinate with various teams, communicate with district government
agencies, and to deal with an emergency inside the plant. The following documents and equipment shall be
kept here for the use of the Incident Controller during an emergency:
M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 7-26
1. Updated drawings and P&I diagrams of plant
2. Site layout plan showing raw materials and finished products storage area, security gates, assembly
points, process plants, utility building and other areas of the plant
3. Disaster Management Plan
4. List of key plant operating personnel
5. Telephone numbers and contact details of key plant operating personnel
6. Telephone numbers and contact details of district government officials and emergency offices
7. Personal Protective Equipment for emergency use
8. Fire extinguishers (dry chemical powder filled)
7.2.6.3 DO’S AND DON’TS
Suitable notices / boards displayed at several locations indicating appropriate hazards warning as well as
DOs and DON’T for ensuring operational and personal Safety for information of workers / staff and
visitors.
Do’s:
1) Check the available raw material as per the job on hand required for all stages.
2) For good physical condition, check the vessels expected to be used in the process.
3) Check the availability of utilities required till the end of the batch / job.
4) Check for proper manpower available till the entire operation in over.
5) Each and every equipment including the stand-by should be in operable condition.
6) Verify the test certificates of materials being taken for process.
7) Time schedule should prepare for material flow on basis of the process.
8) Monitor the temperature and pressure if possible during the process.
9) Use pumps for transferring the liquids to the reactor tank.
10) Familiarize the worker about what is the job on hand.
11) The worker or operator should have sufficient knowledge of the materials handling.
12) Visual instructions should properly display for characteristics of the chemicals.
13) Ensure proper training of personnel.
14) Ensure sufficient numbers of safety devices are available.
15) In view of the chemicals handled, whether required or not, please ensure availability of SCBA
apparatus near every use and storage area of chemical.
16) Ensure the workers wear proper PPE of adequate grade.
17) Demarcation of the chemical storage area for chemical in test.
18) Ensure removal of used containers from workspaces.
19) Prepare and follow the safe work instruction.
20) Record every incident that led to an accident irrespective of the seriousness of the accident and
analyze the same to improvise the system continuously.
21) Always check the fire water tank to be filled up to the brim to ensure availability of fire water in
sufficient quantity at all times. The design of other water to be used shall be from the overflow of
the fire water tank to ensure this system.
22) Never work bare foot or without safety shoes.
23) Never use mobile phones in work zones.
24) Use only proper grade PPEs and use them properly.
25) Open or use containers only on written instruction.
26) Verify the label with the instruction before use.
27) Participate wholeheartedly in all safety related exercises an keep yourself updated.
Don’ts:
1) Without checking of raw material don’t use it as per the job on hand required for all stages.
2) Don’t use the vessels expected to be used in the process without checking.
3) Don’t fail to check the availability of utilities required till the end of the batch / job
4) Don’t work without enough and proper man power.
5) Don’t use the equipments which are not in operable condition.
M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 7-27
6) Don’t use the materials for process without verify the test certificates.
7) Don’t use the material without Prepare time schedule of material flow on basis of the process.
8) Don’t perform without Monitoring the temperature and pressure during process.
9) Don’t handle chemicals with open hands where manual handling is a must.
10) Don’t keep the workers under wraps about what is the job on hand.
11) Don’t let the worker / operator do the work having lack of sufficient knowledge of the materials
handled.
12) Don’t use the chemical with unknown characteristics or having unreadable label.
13) Don’t let the personnel do the work without giving proper training.
14) Don’t work without sufficient numbers of safety devices.
15) Don’t let the workers do work without wearing proper PPE of adequate grade.
16) Don’t use material that is under testing for production.
17) Don’t store used containers at workspaces.
18) Don’t breach the safe work instruction.
19) Don’t try to conceal information regarding missed accidents or small injuries. Remember every and
any mishap can be fatal if not for yourself for others.
20) After any shutdown never start operation without having ensured the fire water tank filled up.
21) Don’t work bare foot or without safety shoes.
22) Don’t use mobile phones in work zones.
23) Do not use PPEs which are not relevant to the operational aspect that has been identified.
24) Don’t open or use containers on which instruction are not written.
25) Don’t work without Verifying the label with the instruction before use.
26) Don’t ever even thinking of evading safety instructions.
7.2.7 DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN
7.2.7.1 OBJECTIVES OF EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
Measures those are required to be taken during emergency are co-ordination of activities with many
departments/ services and outside resources.
The objective of the procedure is to define role of key personnel of different services during major
emergency to be effectively utilized to:
1) Safeguard lives
2) Contains of incident and bring it under control
3) Minimize damage to property & neighboring environment
4) Rescue & treatment of casualties & evacuation of persons to safe areas
5) Identification of affected persons, information to relatives and extending necessary assistance.
6) Preservation of information, records etc. which will help in investigation
7) Welfare assistance to casualties
8) Providing relevant information to police, district authorities and news media
9) Mobilizing inside resources
10) Initiating and organizing evacuation of affected persons
11) Collecting latest status, other information and requirement
7.2.7.2 BASIS OF PLAN AND HANDLING OF EMERGENCY
1) It is not possible to envisage and detail every action, which should be taken during an emergency.
The basic philosophy is to get key personnel of necessary discipline who have the knowledge and
background to assess the situation and give directions as per the objectives as quickly as possible.
2) The plan identifies the services/departments required to combat emergencies and also identifies the
key persons to discharge the duties.
3) Key personnel have been identified for emergencies and are responsible for providing necessary
assistance.
4) Any outside assistance, which company shall get, shall be co-ordinate by the main site controller on
duty.
M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 7-28
5) Messages via telephones are restricted to key personnel only. This is required to keep the
telephones free for key personnel to contact for necessary feed-back.
6) Senior person who arrives on scene is automatically in charge for the service group. He should not
leave the site without entrusting the charge to his deputy. All the key personnel should be available
at the main control room. All key personnel of other services will report to main site controller,
who will co- ordinate between various departments and outside agencies.
7.2.7.3 INFORMATION ABOUT EMERGENCY AND SUBSEQUENT ACTIONS
1) Any person noticing fire/explosion/re lease of hazardous gases should shout FIRE, FIRE or HELP,
HELP and will activate the emergency bell
2) Inform respective control rooms
3) The Executive in-charge along with the concerned Dept. Head will immediately rush to the incidence
site to assess and take immediate action required to control the source of incidence. They will also
inform Security and Safety personnel to come to the place of disaster/emergency and assist them.
4) If he feels that the situation is likely to escalate and may lead to emergency will communicate
following minimum information to all senior persons.
a) Brief description of incident.
b) Status & seriousness of the situation
c) Actions immediately taken.
d) Immediate assistance required.
e) All key personnel of respective services, depending on nature of emergency will arrive at site to
take charge of positions.
7.2.7.4 INSTRUCTIONS TO EMPLOYEES
The plan assumes certain discipline at site during emergency as given below;
1) Do not get panicky
2) Do not approach the scene of disaster as a spectator
3) Do not engage phones/ P.A. system unnecessarily
4) Non-essential personnel to gather at security gate after receiving instructions
5) Do not move here & there unnecessarily
6) Do not approach unnecessarily to get information or more inquiry
7) Remain at your working place unless called and be attentive to instructions
8) Ensure that all contract laborers working in the premises are immediately sent to main security gate.
They will receive further instructions from main site controller
All non - essential staff members should gather at safe assembly point after assessing the wind direction
(from the wind sock, stack of boiler chimney) and wait for further instructions which will be communicated
through PA system or by other available means.
7.2.7.5 INSTRUCTIONS TO CONTRACTORS
The plan assumes certain discipline at site during emergencies as given below;
1) Do not get panicky
2) Do not approach the scene of disaster as a spectator
3) Do not engage phones/ P.A. system unnecessarily
4) Non-essential personnel to gather at security gate after receiving instructions
5) Do not move here & there unnecessarily.
6) Do not approach unnecessarily for information or more inquiry.
7) Remain at your working place unless called and be attentive to instructions
8) Ensure that all contract laborers working in the premises are immediately sent to main security gate.
They will receive further instructions from main controller. All should gather at safe assembly
points after assessing the wind direction (from the wind sock, stack of boiler chimney) and wait for
further instructions which will be communicated through PA system or by other available means.
M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 7-29
9) All fabricator contractors should ensure that all welding machines are switched off and all cylinders
are closed before leaving the working area.
10) All civil contractors should be gathered at assembly points after declared emergency.
7.2.7.6 MITIGATION OF CONSEQUENCES DURING MAJOR ACCIDENT
No major hazard installation can ever be absolutely safe. Even if a hazard assessment has been carried out,
if the hazards have been detected and appropriate measures have been taken, the possibility of an accident
cannot be completely ruled out. So safely systems provide measures, which can mitigate the consequences
of accident or emergency situation. In order to be able to initiate counter measures in the event of an
accident, company shall install various safety systems to mitigate the consequences during Major Accident
are as under:
(1) Emergency Control members available round the clock in all plants
(2) ECC room with full equipped with Fire Fighting Equipment
(3) Fire Men available in Fire Department round the clock
(4) TAC approved Fire Hydrant system with electric motor and D.G. Set and water reserved for fire
fighting
(5) QRA to be done by competent party
(6) Alarm System and method of reporting / declaring emergency
(7) Regular rehearsal of emergency preparedness
(8) Training to all employees regarding emergency preparedness
(9) MSDS of all hazardous chemicals are available in safety department and in concerned department.
7.2.7.7 EMERGENCY CONTROL CENTRE WITH LIST OF EQUIPMENT AND
ACCESSORIES
Safety Office in front of Operation Building will act as Emergency Control Center. It is equipped with all
necessary accessories as mentioned below.
(A) DOCUMENTS
- Site Plan
- Disaster Control Plan copy
- List of essential telephone numbers
- List firefighting equipment
- Shift Schedule of Emergency Control members
(B) PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
- B. A. Sets (Breathing Apparatus)
- Face Masks
- Hand gloves
- Gum boots
- Goggles
- Helmets
- Safety belts
- Aprons
- Fire proximity suit
(C) EQUIPMENT LIST
- Internal / External Telephone
- Portable alarm
- Torches
- Emergency Cupboard with necessary PPE
- Artificial Respirator
- Racer watches (STOP WATCH)
- Gas Detector Tube
- Static Charge Meter
M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 7-30
7.2.7.8 INFORMATION REGARDING KEY PERSONS AND THEIR RESPONSIBILITIES
DURING EMERGENCY
A. SITE MAIN CONTROLLER
After getting information of emergency, the site main controller will rushed to the Emergency Control
Center immediately.
1) On reaching he will assess the magnitude of the situation in consultation with Incident Controller
and decide whether inside or outside help are to be called (i.e. Fire Service, Police, Ambulance
etc.).
2) Ensure that key persons are called in.
3) Give guidance and direction in vital and important activities to control the emergency situation.
4) Direct to close down and evacuation of the plants in consultation with Incident controller and key
personnel.
5) If necessary arrange for evacuation of neighboring population.
6) Inform the Government authorities such as Collector, MC, Factory Inspector, Health Officer &
medical Officer and request them for their help as situation demands.
7) Give prime importance to human life and guidance in organizing the rescue operations as well as
ensure whether injured people getting proper medical attention in time.
8) Always be in touch with the Incident Controller to get further progress and decide further plan.
9) On completion of emergency situation declare the normalcy through Administrative Officer.
10) Control the re-occupation of the affected areas on discontinuation of emergency.
11) Do not permit to re-start the plant unless it is safe.
12) Give authentic statement of the incident to News Media & Government Authorities.
B. INCIDENT CONTROLLER
1) Take the charge of situation and assess the magnitude of the event
2) Control and guide all the operations with priorities to the Safety of Personnel, minimize pollution,
loss of material and loss to the plant equipment and property.
3) Provide advice and guide to the Fire Fighting and Rescuing squad and Fire Brigade while they
arrive.
4) Establish communication with emergency control center.
5) Report on all significant developments to the emergency control center through phone/Messenger.
6) Ensure that evacuation of the areas in the factory getting affected is complete.
7) After the emergency situation is brought under control, assure that the necessary evidence for
further investigation in the incident is preserved and inform Site Controller regarding control of
emergency.
C. TECHNICAL STAFF / DEPARTMENT HEAD
1) As soon as informed, rush to the spot and take charge of the situation till senior group arrives.
2) Ensure that emergency siren is raised which gives information to Security, Safety, Administration
Staff and Technical Staff.
3) On arrival of Incident Controller, inform him about the gravity of the situation and then to work
under his guidance to control the situation.
4) Ensure that only experienced and essential people remains at the location for controlling, while
others to be evacuated from the scene.
D. EMPLOYEES NEAR THE SPOT (INCIDENT AREA)
The employees near affected area, under the guidance of the Incident Controller shall
1) Tackle the emergency as per laid down procedures for the area bearing in mind the requirements of
the situation called for by the progress of the emergency.
2) Remove all non-essential employees (who are not assigned any emergency duty) shall evacuate the
area and gather at the specified assembly points.
3) Stop the operations as per the information of the Incident Controller.
M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 7-31
E. EMPLOYEES OF OTHER DEPARTMENTS
1) On getting information of incident, take permission of superior and confirm own plant, department,
safety and then after trained and skill persons will rush to incident spot with necessary personnel
protective equipment.
2) Approach the spot from up wind direction and assemble at safe place near to the spot taking in to
consideration the wind direction.
3) Extend help to control the situation as per the instruction and guidance given by the senior persons
controlling the operation.
F. PERSONNEL OFFICER
1) When emergency declared immediately rushed to emergency control center.
2) Basically he will work as a Liaison Officer and will stationed at emergency control center during
emergency. He will work under the direction of Site Controller.
3) To ensure that the casualties receives adequate attention at first aid center, also ensure additional
help if require from Government authorities or outside agencies.
4) Arrange transport facility for injured personnel to get timely medical help.
5) He will also arrange for head count at assembly points and will inform Site Controller.
6) Also be in touch with the Security and Other Departments for help.
7) Will check the Roll call from Time Office for availability of trained personnel during emergency
situation at the site.
8) Determine the need to inform statutory authorities of the accident and fill the necessary forms for
submission with consultation of the Site Controller.
9) When emergency is prolonged, arrange for the relief of personnel as well as inform the families of
injured persons and organize refreshments / catering facility.
G. ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICER
1) When emergency declared, immediately rushed to the emergency control center and establish
contact with Site Main Controller.
2) Ensure the communication between site controller and incident controller. Keep messenger for
communication.
3) Make arrangement to send portable megaphone and torches to the Incident Controller if required.
4) On receiving instructions from Site Controller, organize transportation for the evacuation of people
from the assembly points.
5) As per instructions from Site Controller will inform to Head Office, Insurance Surveyor, other
relevant authorities and neighboring areas.
6) On getting instructions from Site Controller / Incident Controller, he will be in touch with other
Industries for help in emergency.
7) Will arrange to announce necessary instructions for all personnel.
8) Ensure that telephone operator keeps the EPABX free to extend possible for in coming calls.
9) Ensure that Press and other Media do not publish unauthentic news.
H. ENGINEERING SERVICES KEY PERSONNEL
1) When emergency declared, immediately proceed to Emergency Control Center.
2) Ensure the availability of electrical wiremen, utility, maintenance employees and drivers.
3) Ensure the water supply & electric power generator in case of power failure.
4) Be in touch with the Site controller / Incident Controller to extend help as and when required.
5) Ensure availability of Light Motor Vehicles as well as Fork Lifts, JCBs etc.
6) Arrange the vehicle as per required by Administrative / Personnel Officer.
I. SECURITY & FIRE IN-CHARGE
1) When emergency declared, ensure that the Fire man in the fire station and Security guards at the main
gate are sufficient.
2) On getting instruction from Site Controller/Incident controller, cordon the affected area to maintain
law and order.
3) As per instruction from Site Controller/ Incident controller, arrange to start the fire hydrant pump.
4) Ensure the following duties by Security Guards;
M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 7-32
- Stop all vehicles and visitors entering into the factory, except any Government authorities such as
Fire Brigade, Police, Factory Inspector, Medical Staff and inform the Administrative Officer on their
arrival.
- If any press reporter and local Leader comes at the main gate, take them to the Administration
Office.
- Do not allow any vehicle to park at the main gate or nearby at main road.
- Assure that the entrance of the gate is clear for thorough fare. In Similar way control/ guide internal
traffic for smooth operations.
- Act according instructions given by Personnel and Administrative Officer.
- Ensure that all essential personnel evacuated and assembled at Assembly points.
- Arrange effective security nearby the incident place.
J. FIRST AID ATTENDANTS
1) As per the instructions given by the Incident Controller, arrange the supply of additional emergency
related equipment to the incident place. Give necessary First Aid treatment to the affected persons
immediately.
2) Inform the Personnel and Administration Officer regarding the severity of injury and advise for
further medical help if necessary.
3) Ask for additional trained First-Aider, if required.
4) On arrival of Doctor, assist him to give medical treatment to the affected people.
K. SAFETY OFFICER
1) On hearing emergency siren rush to the spot and assume the position of incident controller and take
care of the situation till a senior personnel arrives and on their arrival work with them in team,
extending their own expertise.
2) Give instructions and guideline to the people involved in control measures. As well as help in
providing required PPE.
3) Give instructions to the safety attendants.
4) Brief the Site Main Controller about the progress of control measures.
5) Advise site controller regarding type of help required from outside.
6) Give instructions to other department through internal phones /Communication Officer.
7) Make arrangement to carry out monitoring whenever necessary and appraise results to the concerned
seniors
L. ESSENTIAL EMPLOYEES AND THEIRS DUTIES
[a] Fireman:
1) On getting information, check the water level in emergency tanks and overhead /under ground
storage tanks. Maintain the emergency tank water level to its fullest capacity.
2) Start fire hydrant pump as per the instruction from Security & Fire incharge.
3) Ensure continuous water supply to the incident place.
4) Do not leave the Fire Hydrant pump house till further instruction
[b] Driver:
1) On getting information from Communication Officer remain alert and wait for further instructions
along with Ambulance van to meet with emergency.
2) Extend help to shift the injured people from site of incident to First-Aid and if required to hospital
through Ambulance / Other vehicle.
3) For material handling take Fork-lift / JCB to the spot if required.
[c] Electrical/Utility Personnel:
1) After getting the information rush to the spot with necessary personal protective equipment and if
instructed by incident controller cut off the power supply to the affected area.
2) Ensure that the D.G. Set is in running condition.
3) Extend help to the Utility Operator in maintaining adequate supply of water and others under
guidance of Supervisors.
4) Water in water hydrant storage tank is in full capacity or not
M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 7-33
7.2.7.9 EMERGENCY ORGANIZATION FOR IDLE HOURS
1. SECURITY
i) After getting information through emergency hooter inform at least two senior persons at their
residence by telephone/messenger.
(a) Site controller
(b) Safety Officer
(c) Incident controller.
(d) Technical Staff/Senior Staff
ii) Assure that the front side of the gate is clear for thoroughfare.
iii) Act according to the instructions of Incident Controller/Senior Officers
iv) Inform Emergency Control Center for emergency.
2. SAFETY/FIRST AID ATTENDANT
One attendant remains present around the clock.
Duties:
1) On hearing emergency hooter does not leave the Occupational Health Center.
2) As per the instructions given by the person In charge of the emergency operation or Incident
Controller arrange the supply of additional emergency safety equipment to incident place.
3) Give necessary first aid to the affected person immediately. Inform the site controller about the
severity of the Injury and advice for further medical help if required. On arrival of doctor, assist him
for medical treatment offered to the affected people.
7.2.7.10 LIST OF IMPORTANT AUTHORITIES WITH THEIR ROLE IN EMERGENCY AND
TELEPHONE NUMBERS
List of important authorities with their role in emergency and telephone numbers will be prepared and
listed, same will be placed/displayed at important locations.
7.2.7.11 INFORMATION ABOUT EXTERNAL COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
(1) Communication will be through Emergency Central Alarm System
(2) Telephones: An EPABX unit will be installed to connect all departments internally. Company will also
provide mobile connections to all important personnel at site.
(3) STD PHONE & FAX/TELEX: Will be provided at IMP places
(4) IN THE EVENT OF FAILURE OF TELEPHONE SYSTEM:
Communication officer will arrange special messengers for communication Minimum one vehicle with
driver/trained security personnel are available in the company premises round the clock.
We will communicate through our Administration department by our vehicle to nearby community.
7.2.7.12 ANNOUNCEMENT SYSTEM DETAILS
During emergency it is necessary that the alarm should be heard by all employees wherever they work, for
that speakers will be placed at various locations within plant.
7.2.7.13 OUT SIDE IMPORTANT ADDRESSES AND PHONE NUMBERS
List of important addresses in the nearby area such as hospitals, ambulance services, fire fighting services,
Government personnel (Municipal Commissioner, district collector, zilla panchayat, police station and
emergency control services and their telephone numbers will be prepared and displayed outside emergency
control room.
M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 7-34
7.2.7.14 REHERSAL AND UPDATION OF PLAN
1) Every year mock drills will be organized. Shortfalls in actions observed during drill will be explained
to participants and will be corrected accordingly.
2) Any shortcomings regarding On–Site Emergency Plan observed during such drills will be corrected
and incorporated in On-Site Emergency Plan and same will be communicated to all.
3) The On-Site Emergency Plan will be updated after any significant development in factory or change
in the law.
7.2.7.15 INFORMATION OF ASSEMBLY POINTS
At the time of emergency, non - essential workers, casual workers, visitors and others are to be replaced to
Assembly Points and separate in charge are nominated.
In case of an emergency, the visitors, contract persons and factory employees will gather at nearby
assembly point. Pre-designated persons will take their roll call. If needed, they can be evacuated easily
through any gate in a short period as per instruction of site main controller.
7.2.8 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY PROGRAM FOR THE PROJECT
Health hazards associated with the occupation are called occupational hazards. In chemical industry due to
handling of toxic and hazardous chemicals there are possibilities of developing occupational diseases.
Company shall carry out the following checks to curb the problem:
i. Pre - employment medical checkup at the time of employment.
ii. Annual medical checkup shall be done for all employees.
iii. First aid training shall be given to the employees.
iv. Monitoring of occupational hazards like noise, ventilation, chemical exposure shall be carried out at
frequent intervals, the records of which shall be documented.
TABLE-7.12 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH MONITORING
No. Particular Medical test Remark
1. Pre employment
Check up
Vision, Audiometry, Spirometry, chest
Skiagram, Unrin, RBS, etc.
<30 yrs. Once in five years
31-40 yrs. Once in four years
41-50 yrs. Once in two years
Above >50 yrs. once every year 2. Periodical Check up Spirometry, Urin, RBS, etc.
3. Post employment
check up
Vision, Audiometry, Spirometry, chest
Skiagram, Unrin, RBS, ec.
All precautions would be taken to avoid foreseeable accident like spillage, fire and explosion hazards and to
minimize the effect of any such accident and to combat the emergency at site level in case of emergency.
Some of the preventive safety measures to minimize the risk of accident with respect to Technical Safety,
Organizational Safety and Personal Safety are listed below:
- The factory will take all reasonably practicable measures to minimize the risk of such accident in
compliance with the legal obligation under the relevant safety.
- All building plans and installations are as per relevant acts and duly approved by competent
government authorities.
- Process and Equipment will be designed by qualified and experienced professionals and fabricated to
applicable national / international codes with stage wise inspection.
- Safety features such as fire extinguisher and suitable Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) shall be
provided. Regular operations and testing of fire extinguishers shall be carried out.
- Periodic inspection and testing of pressure vessels, equipment, machineries and equipment handling
substances.
- Training of workers and Staff for firefighting, work permit system, first aid, safe handling of
materials and integrating safety, in all activities.
M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 7-35
- Accident / Incident reporting system and information of employees about the same for better
awareness.
- Suitable notices / boards displayed at several locations indicating appropriate hazards warning as well
as DOs and DON’T for ensuring operational and personal Safety for information of workers / staff
and visitors.
For the safety of the workers, personal protective equipments like hand gloves, helmets, safety shoes,
goggles, aprons etc. & Ear protecting devices like earplugs/earmuffs will be provided. Nose mask will be
provided at places, where there is possibility of dust generation.
Company shall adequately install fire-fighting system in different sections of the plant.
Some of the safeties precautionary measures shall be taken for manufacturing process are listed below:
i. Safety Relief Valve, Rupture disk, temperature scanner, pressure indicator, and flow meter will be
installed to vessel wherever required.
ii. Cooling / Chilling water circulation arrangement will be provided to avoid abrupt increase of pressure
and control heat and high temperature.
iii. Auto control system (ACS) to Monitor & Control.
iv. Vent will be connected with scrubber as per the requirement.
v. PPE will be provided to workers during charging of various raw materials and exhaust ventilation lines
will be provided as per requirement.
vi. Necessary interlocking and alarm system will be installed wherever required.
MEDICAL AID SCHEME
For outside help, company authority will make a mutual understanding with the following authorities to
extend their help whenever an emergency occurs;
(1) Doctors from Civil Hospital
(2) Police Station
(3) Fire Brigade
Time to time company shall inform/impart training to concerned employees for awareness about chemicals
and its hazards and the precautionary measures on their part.
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M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 8-1
CHAPTER – 8
PROJECT BENEFITS 8.1 PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE The beneficial impact of proposed expansion project on the civic amenities will be substantial after the
commencement of project activities. The basic requirement of the community needs will be strengthened by
extending healthcare to the community, building/strengthening of existing roads in the area which will help
in uplifting the living standards of local communities. The proposed project is going to come near Chhatral
industrial area and the area which is engaged with industrial activities i.e. Kadi GIDC and Kalol GIDC.
Infrastructure in this region is already developed and upcoming industries will make positive impacts for
the development of the infrastructure.
8.2 SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE
The proposed expansion project will bring development in the social infrastructure through CSR activities and employment generation.
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) The goal of CSR is to assess needs of local community and be accountable to internal and external
stakeholders at all levels for smooth performance, of the organisation, transparency and social
responsibility. The corporate unit has to comply with and work towards such goals. The proposed project
realizes the social and environmental impacts that the proposed unit will bring about and accordingly devise ways and means to minimize the risks and maximize the opportunities/benefits associated with it.
Implementation of CSR activities is a very challenging task which M/s. Orbit Pharma Laboratories is
interested to take up with consistency and determination. The Company plans the implementation of chosen
initiatives and follows through with commitment across the organization to make this happen and ensures
that implementation will be successful, with resources, milestones, measurement, and accountability. The
Industry intends to undertake CSR activities in and around their Plant. A total amount of Rs. 13.6 Lacs
would be utilized for CSR programme for five years. Total project cost is Rs. 5.45 Crores and company
would to identify stake holders for the planning of CSR activities and implementation of it. All activities
with its estimated cost is given in table-8.1 for benefitting the society at large and the local rural community
in particular for the period of 5 years after that the company will do as per the regulations.
Plan of Actions The Company will carry out the CSR activities and collect information from the employees about their-
social background, exposure to development issues, skills and ideas, etc. This will help in involving the
interested employees in CSR activities. An initial assessment of current status of all programmes both for
the Company as well as for the Government schemes in the area, it will also collect employees’ background
and interest, funding possibilities, information regarding local Community Based Organizations (CBOs),
None Governmental Organizations (NGOs), local clubs and other partners etc, CSR activities will be
planned with local governing bodies (Gram Panchayats), NGOs and stake holders.
An annual plan or calendar will be prepared on the basis of initial assessment. Indicators for assessing the
progress of initiatives and a systemic database on CSR activities shall be developed with inputs from
employees. The Company shall submit a report of its activities on completion of each quarter in a year. A
strategic review should follow in order to streamline the CSR programs. Basic work space and facilities will
be provided by the Company at its campus. Budget for each activity should be outlined in the annual
calendar/plan. The working contract shall be governed by a Terms of Reference (ToR) mutually agreed by consultant and the Company. CSR activities will have manifold practical approaches which are as follows:
1. Financing Plan The estimated budget for the planned CSR activities is as follows:
en-vιsι�n
M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 8-2
In future the responsibilities for all these facilities will be handed over to the Government. A CSR cost
bifurcation for 5 years is given in below table-8.1
TABLE – 8.1 PROPOSED CSR ACTIVITIES
No. Activities Details Total (Rs.)
1. Promote nutrition programme Eradicating hunger, poverty and malnutrition 68,000
2. Drainage facility Contribution in providing drainage facility 2,04,000
3. Safe Drinking Water Facility Provide facility of Safe drinking water 2,04,000
4. Health Care Facility Training, payment of bills and development of PHC 68,000
5. New techniques in Agriculture Tour and/or Training to Farmers 45,300
6. Awareness Programmes Awareness of various Govt. schemes 45,300
7. Construction of Rain Water
Harvesting
Rainwater harvesting structures in nearby villages
and in premises 90,600
8. Promoting Education Setting up secondary schools and vocational training
centers 1,26,000
9. Development of village schools Donation of equipments in schools 90,700
10. Construction of Low cost latrines Construction of low cost latrine for Tribal
coordinating with Government 1,36,000
11. Plantation Plantation on roadsides and in villages 68,000
12. Park/Playground Development of parks/playground 68,000
13. Promote Sports Support rural sports activities 50,400
14. Contribution to the Prime Minister's
National Relief Fund
Socio-economic development and relief and welfare
of the Scheduled Castes, the Scheduled Tribes, other
backward classes, minorities and women
95,700
TOTAL 13,60,000
8.3 EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES The project will create opportunities for direct and indirect employment for which skilled and unskilled
manpower will be needed. Secondary jobs are day-to-day needs and services to the work force. This will
also temporarily increase the demand for essential daily utilities in the local market.
Indirect Employment: Due to the proposed project indirect employments will be generated. Indirect
employments like; Primary requirements, Grocery shops, Residential requirements, Garments requirements,
Transportation facilities, Health care facilities, etc. These kinds of requirements will increase the prevailing
scenario as the area is not suitable for agricultural activities so this change the employment scenario, which
will generate the indirect employment.
Local villagers of the project will get its benefits more by giving preference to them in relation to direct
employment associated with the various project activities. Construction and operation phase of the proposed
project will involve a certain number of laborers, contractors and construction workers. There is a
possibility that local people will be engaged for this purpose. The operation phase will involve a number of
skilled and unskilled workers. Total employment generation for the proposed expansion project of
pharmaceutical manufacturing unit shall be 100 (19 existing and 81 additional) personnel.
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M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 9-1
CHAPTER – 9
ENVIRONMENTAL COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS
9.1 ENVIRONMENTAL COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS
Environmental cost benefit analysis was not recommended at the scoping stage. Project benefits have been
discussed in Chapter-5 Analysis of Alternatives and Chapter-8 Project Benefits.
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M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 10-1
CHAPTER – 10
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
10.1 DESCRIPTION OF EMP
Industrial development is associated with a few positive and negative impacts on the environment. The
negative impacts should not hinder industrial development but they should be properly mitigated. An
Environmental Management Plan (EMP) has been prepared for the proposed expansion of M/s. Orbit
Pharma Laboratories to minimize negative impacts and is formed on the basis of prevailing
environmental conditions and likely impacts of this project on various environmental parameters. This plan
will also facilitate monitoring of environmental parameters.
This EMP includes schemes for proper scientific treatment and disposal mechanism for air, liquid and
solid/hazardous pollutants. Apart from this, green belt development, safety aspect of the workers, noise
control etc. is also included in it.
Purpose of Environmental Management Plan Various purposes of the environmental management plan are listed below:
� To treat and dispose off all the pollutants viz. liquid, gaseous and solid waste so as to meet statutory
requirements (Relevant Pollution Control Acts) with appropriate technology.
� To support and implement work to achieve environmental standards and to improve the methods of
environmental management.
� To promote green-belt development.
� To encourage good working conditions for employees.
� To reduce fire and accident hazards.
� Budgeting and allocation of funds for environment management system.
� To adopt cleaner production technology and waste minimization program.
Details of Environmental Management Plan during Construction & Operation Phase for Air, Water & Land
Environment are given below.
10.1.1 AIR ENVIRONMENT
During Construction Phase Construction phase will be for a short period and hence the impacts will also be for a short and temporary
period. During construction activities, mainly emission of dust and gases from movement of vehicles and
construction activity is expected. However, following measures will be taken to reduce/contain such
emissions:
� The proposed expansion project is having Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient unit so there is no need
for constructing any roads.
� Possibility of raising green belt along with construction activity will also be explored.
� Transport vehicles and construction equipments / machineries will be properly maintained to reduce
air emissions.
� Vehicles and equipments will be periodically checked for pollutant emissions against stipulated
norms.
� Idle running of vehicles will be minimized during material loading / unloading operations.
� All construction workers will be provided appropriate PPEs like dust mask, ear plug, helmet, safety
belt etc. and made to wear them during working hours.
� Exhaust vent of D. G. Set will be kept at proper height to ensure quick dispersal of gaseous
emissions.
During Operation Phase The air pollutants in the plant may be classified broadly into particulate matter like dust, fumes etc. and
gases like SO2, NOX, HCl etc. The measure to control the air pollution will ensure the ambient air quality
standards as laid down by Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) for industrial areas.
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M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 10-2
The system proposed for air pollution control will provide acceptable environment condition in the working
areas and abate air pollution in the surrounding area of the plant. The technological equipment and
processes have been selected with the above objectives. Depending on quality of emission from different
sources, suitable air pollution control system like Water Scrubber, Alkali Scrubber & Acidic Scrubber will
be provided. The chimney height is as per CPCB norms to ensure ground level concentration of different
pollutants within permissible limit. Details for the control measures are given in section 2.8.6 of Chapter-2.
Environment cell will be formed to look after the implementation of air pollution control measures.
Following measures are proposed to mitigate negative impact of operation phase of the project on the
surrounding air environment.
� Stack height will be provided as per statutory requirement. All the stacks will have Stack Monitoring
Facility (SMF) consisting of sampling port-hole, platform and access ladder.
� Online monitoring system for the pollutants from the stacks with an arrangement to reflect gaseous
emission parameters on company’ server shall be provided.
� Transport vehicles will be properly maintained to reduce air emissions.
� Vehicles will be periodically checked for pollutant emissions against stipulated norms.
� Idle running of vehicles will be minimized during material loading / unloading operations.
� Water sprinkling along the haul road.
� Proper maintenance air pollution control equipment.
� Regular maintenance of vehicles and machinery in order to control emissions.
� A good housekeeping and proper maintenance will be practiced in the industry.
10.1.1.1 FUGITIVE EMISSION & CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES
• Fugitive emissions are emissions of gases or vapours from equipment due to leaks and other
unintended or irregular releases of gases, mostly from industrial activities. As well as the economic
cost of lost commodities, fugitive emissions contribute to air pollution and climate change.
• Fugitive emissions present other risks and hazards. Emissions of volatile organic compounds pose a
long term health risk to workers and local communities. In situations where large amounts of
flammable liquids and gases are contained under pressure, leaks also increase the risk of fire and
explosion.
• Leaks from process equipment generally occur through valves, pipe connections, mechanical seals,
or related equipment. Fugitive emissions also occur at evaporative sources. Though the quantities of
leaked gases may be small, gases that have serious health or environmental impacts can cause a
significant problem.
• To minimize and control leaks at process facilities operators carry out regular leak detection and
repair activities. Routine inspections of process equipment with gas detectors can be used to
identify leaks and estimate the leak rate in order to decide on appropriate corrective action. Proper
routine maintenance of equipment reduces the likelihood of leaks.
Sources of Secondary Emission & Control
Fugitive emissions from the proposed expansion would be significant as there will be air pollution due to
activities like material handling and transfer points of materials and movement of vehicles. Fugitive
emissions are also likely to occur during leak from pumps, valves and pipes or leak/ spill from storage
vessels/ facilities. Mainly, the loss of Toluene, Aniline Oil, Acetone etc. in form of VOCs are likely to occur
as fugitive emissions from the proposed expansion project. Details of fugitive emission sources, its control
and mitigation measures are given in section 2.9.2.1 of Chapter-2.
Action Plan for Fugitive Emission Control The fugitive emissions of organic chemicals and VOCs mainly occur due to tank breathing losses, Leaking
pipe fitting and valves, during maintenance operations. Though these are not expected to be significant, the
following measures will be followed to ensure compliance and further reductions wherever possible.
• The fugitive emissions in terms of handling losses will get reduced by proper storage and handling.
• Adequately designed storage area with efficient air change ratio, handling & transport facilities
shall be provided for fuel, raw materials & products.
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M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 10-3
• Raw Materials & Products will be stored in closed containers. These containers will be kept under
the shade to prevent the fugitive emission at elevated temperature.
• Hazardous chemicals will be stored as per standard criteria.
• Periodically monitoring will be carried out as per the post project monitoring plan.
• Internal concrete roads are already constructed in existing plant for the prevention of dust during
vehicular movement.
• Adequate air ventilation system of sufficient capacity will be provided in the entire production
plant.
• Proper ventilation in storage & production area shall be ensured and all materials must be stored in
suitable packing to prevent contamination of air due to particulates & volatile emissions from
storage container & area.
• Enclosed system & efficient procedures for materials charging shall be ensured.
• Procedures for start-up shut down, operation & maintenance procedures shall be established &
maintained in all relevant area of works.
• Proper implementation of safety procedures and efficient use of safety arrangements, facilities &
equipment shall be ensured at all time of operation to prevent accidental release of materials & fuels
as well as prevent fire hazard.
• Safety PPEs like dust mask etc will be provided from dust protection.
• The coverage of greenbelt around the plant also acts as natural barrier to stop carrying of dust along
with the wind current.
• Good housekeeping will be maintained in the plant.
• Risk analysis will be done at every stage to identify potential risks and install appropriate
elimination / mitigation systems.
10.1.1.2 Odour Management Plan
Causes of odour will be Methanol, Toluene and Acetone during handling and storage.
• Better management to avoid staling.
• Chemicals will be stored in leak free container.
• Worker will be provided by personnel protective equipments.
• Avoiding the solid/hazardous waste storage inventory.
• Spraying of chemicals wherever required to avoid odour.
• During ETP operation, drastic change in influent COD can kill the micro-organisms & produce foul
smell. To avoid this scenario, quality of influent waste water (COD, temperature, pH etc.) shall be
maintained within desired limit.
10.1.2 WATER ENVIRONMENT
During Construction Phase Ground water will be utilized for the construction of proposed expansion project. Small amount of water
will be required for the construction. Hence, no major impact on existing water resources of the study area
is envisaged. Site engineer will monitor all the activities at site and manage for resources. Proper and
sufficient sanitary facilities will be provided to construction workers to maintain all hygienic conditions at
site. Storm water drain compatible with the local hydrological pattern of the area, is provided to carry-off,
any run-off or storm water from the premises. Care should be taken during construction work & will not
create any obstruction/dips in the topography which can lead to accumulation of water within premises
leading to undesirable consequences like health and hygiene problems, etc.
During Operation Phase Total water requirement for the proposed expansion project would be 65 KLD (fresh 60 KLD + 5 KLD
reused) which will be sourced from ground water using bore well. Water conservation measures shall be
taken to optimize the fresh water requirement. M/s. Orbit Pharma Laboratories Pvt. Ltd. While industrial
effluent around 27.65 KLD will be generated. Total effluent will be segregated into two streams i.e. high
COD and low COD. Which will be treated in proposed upgraded ETP and treated water will be evaporated.
And High COD effluent will be sent to common MEE facility at Chhatral. Thus, company will achieve Zero
Liquid Discharge (ZLD). Details of water requirement, waste water generation and its control measures are
given in section 2.8.5 of Chapter-2. Environment cell will monitor for proper operation of ETP.
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M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 10-4
10.1.3 NOISE ENVIRONMENT
During Construction Phase Following measures are proposed during construction period to mitigate adverse impacts:
� Construction machinery and vehicles will undergo periodic maintenance to keep them in good
working condition.
� All machineries to be used for construction purpose will be of highest standard of reputed make and
compliance of noise pollution control norms by these equipments will be emphasized by the company.
� Feasibility of putting up acoustic enclosure / temporary barrier around areas with high noise levels
will also be explored.
� All construction workers working in high noise areas will be provided appropriate PPEs like ear
muffs and made to wear them during working hours.
� Possibility of raising green belt along with construction activity will also be explored so as to serve as
a noise barrier.
During Operation Phase
Following precautionary measures will be adopted to control the noise level:
� Noise generating sources and their platforms will be maintained properly to minimize noise vibrations
generated by them.
� Personnel working near the noisy machines in different plant locations, will be provided with well
designed ear muffs / plugs (effective noise reduction 10-15 dBA)
� Green belt will be improved to act as a noise barrier.
� Noise barriers / shields in the form of walls, beams will be provided around the units wherever found
feasible.
� Training to personnel will be imparted to generate awareness about effects of noise and importance of
using PPEs (Personal Protective Equipments).
10.1.4 SOIL ENVIRONMENT
During Construction Phase
Following steps are proposed to take care of impact of construction activity on project land area:
� On completion of civil works, all debris etc. will be completely removed from site to avoid any
incompatibility with future use.
� Other materials like paints; diesel, etc. will be properly stored and handled to prevent any spillage on
land.
� All the wastes will be stored at a designated site within the premises to prevent scattered discharge on
land.
During Operation Phase Hazardous waste ETP sludge shall be sent to TSDF site for land filling & Fly Ash to brick manufacturer or
send to TSDF site. A small quantity of used lubricating oil will be generated which will be properly stored
and reused/ selling to registered refiners. Discarded Container/ barrels / plastics will be sold to recycler.
Date Expired, discard and off specification medicines will be disposed at CHWF/TSDF. There will be no
disposal of industrial waste on land.
10.1.5 SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT
During Construction Phase
Overall socio-economic effect of construction phase will be positive due to direct and indirect employment
opportunity for the local livings.
During Operation Phase EMP for the Socio-economic aspects prepare in concern with the sustainable development, management
team shall have to develop ideology to give preference local people in recruitment. Management team shall
prepare an annual plan of CSR activities. All these positive contributions to the society will minimize
negative effects. For the implementation of CSR activities,
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M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 10-5
10.1.6 ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT
Ecology Proposed project is coming on the existing unit. Thus, no tree cutting exercise will be there and no major
impact on ecology is anticipated. However, possibility of rising of green-belt along with construction
activity will be explored so that greening of area can be started at the beginning of project.
Green Belt Development
Greenbelts are an effective mode of control of air pollution, where green plants form a surface capable of
absorbing air pollutants and forming a sink of pollutants. Leaves with their vast area in a tree crown, sorbs
pollutants on their surface, thus effectively reduce pollutant concentration in the ambient air. Often the
adsorbed pollutants are incorporated in the metabolic pathway and the air is purified. Plants grown to
function as pollution sink are collectively referred as greenbelts.
An important aspect of a greenbelt is that the plants are living organism with their varied tolerance limit
towards the air pollutants. A green belt is effective as a pollutant sink only within the tolerance limit of
constituent plants. Planting few, known pollutant sensitive species along with the tolerant species within a
green belt however, do carry out an important function of indicator species
Apart from function as pollution sink, greenbelt would provide other benefit like aesthetic improvement of
the area and providing suitable habitats for birds and animals.
Selection of Plants for Greenbelts The main limitation for plants to function as scavenger of pollutants are, plant’s interaction to air pollutants,
sensitivity to pollutants, climatic conditions and soil characteristics. While making choice of plants species
for cultivation in green belts, due consideration has to be given to the natural factor of bio- climate.
Xerophytes plants are not necessarily good for greenbelts; they with their sunken stomata can withstand
pollution by avoidance but are poor absorber of pollutants.
Character of plants mainly considered for affecting absorption of pollutant gases and removal of dust
particle are as follows.
For absorption of Gases
1. Tolerance towards pollutants in question, at concentration, that are not too high to be
instantaneously lethal
2. Longer duration of foliage
3. Freely exposed foliage
4. Adequate height of crown
5. Openness of foliage in canopy
6. Big leaves (long and broad laminar surface)
7. Large number of stomatal apertures
For Removal of Suspended Particulate matter 1. Height and spread of crown.
2. Leaves supported on firm petiole
3. Abundance of surface on bark and foliage
4. Roughness of bark
5. Abundance of axillary hairs
6. Hairs or scales on laminar surface
7. Protected Stomata
Recommended Plant Species for Green Belt Development: The following trees and shrubs are suggested for green belt development within the plant premises. The
highlighted species are more suitable for plantation as well as for prevailing dust emission.
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M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 10-6
TABLE-10.1 RECOMMENDED PLANT SPECIES FOR GREEN BELT DEVELOPMENT ALONG
THE BOUNDARY OF AS A WIND BARRIER AS WELL AS TO PREVENT DUST
POLLUTION
PLANT SPECIES LOCAL NAME HABIT TOLERANCE
LIMIT
STOMATAL
INDEX
MODE OF
REGENERATION
Acacia auriculiformis Austrialanbaval Tree Tolerant 10.9 Seeds
Acacia leucophloea Hermobhaval Shrub T 12.01 Seeds
Ailanthus excelsa Moto Aurdso Tree T 13.01 Seeds, shoot, root
cuttings
Alstona scholaris Saptaparni Tree T 15.23 seeds
Azadirachta indica Limbado Tree T 29.2 Seeds
Bauninia recemosa Kanchner Tree T 25.68 Seeds
Bougainvillea
spectabilis
Bougainvel Shrub T 32.53 Cutting
Cassia javanica L. var.
indochinensis
Pink Cassia Tree T - Seeds
Cordia sebastiana Scarlet Cordia
Orange Geiger tree
Tree T - Seeds
Delonix regia Gaulmor Tree S 1438 Seeds/cuttings
Kegelia Africana Tabudiyo Small
tree
T 12.90 Seeds
Lowsonia intermis menthi Shrub T 17.0 Seeds/cuttings
Mangifera indica Ambo Tree S 30.77 Seeds/
budding/grafting
Melia azadirachta Bakan limdo Tree T - Seeds /stem cutting
Nerium indicum Lalkaren Shrub T 15.7 Cutting
Peltophorum
pterocarpum
Sonmukhi Tree T 16.78 Seeds
Plumeria obtuse L Chambo Tree T -- Cutting
Plumeria rubra l. Champo Tree T Cutting
Polyathia longifolia Asopalav Tree Sensitive 22.27 Seeds
Pongamia pinnata Karanji
Prosopis cineraria Khyigdo Tree T 18.1 Seeds/root suckers
Salvadora oleoides
Decne
Piludi Tree - Seeds/ cuttings
Salvadora persica L. Piludi Tree T - seeds
Spathodea
campanulata
Scarlet-bell tree Tree T 24.84
Senna siamea Lam. Kasida Tree T 21.2 Seeds
Terminalia catapppa Desi Badam Tree T 20.9 seeds
Thespesia populnea L. Paras pipalo Tree T 29.81 Seeds/ cuttings
Thevetia peruviana Pili karan Shrub T 27.8 Seeds
T: Tolerant S- sensitive, (--) =Not available
Sources: CPCB (March, 2000) Guidelines for developing green belts PROBES/75/1999-2000
TABLE-10.2 LIST OF SUITABLE ORNAMENTAL CLIMBERS/ SHRUBS AS PLANTATION
INSIDE THE GARDEN AND OPEN SPACES BETWEEN DIFFERENT UNITS OF
PROJECT SITE FAMILY SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON ENGLISH
NAME
FLOWERING
SEASON
Bignoniaceae Bignonia ventusa Golden shower Jan-Feb
Bignonia capreolata Trumpet Flower March-April
Bignonia unguis –cati Cat’s claw April
Bignonia speciosa Handsome flower March April
Tecoma satans Yellow bell Throughout the year
Tecoma radicans Trumpet vine Throughout the year
Caesalpiniaceae Caesalpinia pulcherrima Peacock flower April-June
Ixora coccinea Scarlet Ixora Throughout the year
Ixora rosea Pink Ixora Aug-Sept
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M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 10-7
FAMILY SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON ENGLISH
NAME
FLOWERING
SEASON
Rubiaceae
Ixora parviflora Small Flowered Ixora March-April
Ixora barbata Brarded Ixora April-May
Ixora lutea Yellow Ixora Throughout the year
Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia pulcherrima Christmas Flower Dec-Jan
Apocynaceae Thevetia peruviana Trumpet Flower Throughout the year
Alemanda nerifolia - April-June
Nerium Indicum Oleander Throughout the year
Catharanthus roseus Periwinkle
Malvaceae Hibiscus mutabilis Changeable rose September-October
Hibiscus schizopetalus Coral Hibiscus April-September
Hibiscus rosa –sinensis Chinese Rose Throughout the year
Nyctaginaceae Bougainvillea spectabilis and
different varieties
Throughout the year
With seasonal bloom
Guidelines for Plantation
The plant species identified for greenbelt development can be planted using pitting technique. Width of the
green belt in the available land area may prove difficult for many industries to attain for on eor more
reasons. Hence it can be decided to have green belt in places available around the industry (source oriented
plantation) as well as around the nearby habituated area (receptors oriented plantation).
The choice of plats for green belt should include shrubs and trees. The intermixing of trees and shrubs
should be such that the foliage area density in vertical is almost uniform.
The pit size has to be either 45 cm x 45 cm x 45 cm or 60 cm x 60 cm x 60 cm. Bigger pit size will be
considered at marginal and poor quality soil. Soil used for filling the pit should be mixed with well
decomposed farm yard manure or sewage sludge at the rate of 2.5 kg (on dry weight basis) and 3.6 kg (on
dry weight basis) for 45cm x 45 cm x 45 cm and 60 cm x 60 cm x 60 cm size pits respectively. The filling
of soil has to be completed at least 5-10 days before actual plantation. Healthy sapling of identified species
should be planted in each pit with the commencement of monsoon. Provision for regular and liberal
watering during the summer period during the commissioning stage of the plant will be arranged from the
local available resources. After the proposed plant became operational, the authorities responsible for
plantation will also make adequate measures for the protection of the saplings
The trees and shrubs selected from the above mention list based on its availability shall be, planted as
greenbelt of 10-20 m width around the plant boundary. The plantation will be in this recommended pattern:
TABLE-10.3 BUDGETARY OUTLETS OF GREENBELT DEVELOPMENT FOR FIVE YEARS
SR. NO. YEAR NO. OF PLANTS BUDGET (RS.)
1 1st Year 190 96,000
2 2nd Year 130 64,000
3 3rd
Year 130 64,000
4 4th Year 65 32,000
5 5th
Year 65 32,000
TOTAL 580 2,88,000
10.1.7 HYDRO-GEOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT
Rain Water Harvesting Scheme
Introduction Gandhinagar district is covered with quaternary alluvium formation of Cambay basin. Rocky area is not
found in this district. The alluvial formation is made up of multi-layer sand, silt and clay formation.
Alluvium thickness is more in western side of the district, while less in eastern side. Silt, clay dominates
alluvium found in the northwest side while coarse-grained sand with gravels is common in the eastern part.
Tertiary clay (Blue clay) occurs at different depths in the area. It demarcates the potable water boundary,
below which water quality deteriorates. In the eastern part it occurs at very shallow depth i.e. at 40 to 50 mts
restricting drilling depth up to that depth. Ground water occurs in semi-confined to confined and in un
confined conditions. Total depth of the bore in east side is ranging from 50 to 180 Mts., while in northwest
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M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 10-8
side, depth of the bore varies from 200 to 350 Mts. Presently village water supply schemes are mainly based
on ground water through tubewells. Water level of the district is depleting very fast due to less recharge and
un-controlled withdrawal.
Water Balance The water requirement for various uses in the plant will be fulfilled by groundwater water supply extracted
from bore well. The water consumption is described in table below:
TABLE-10.4 WATER REQUIREMENT
The effective area available for the rainwater harvesting is tabulated in the table-10.5. The effective area is
considered on the basis of rain water harvesting comes in contact with other possible contaminants.
TABLE-10.5 RAINWATER AVAILABLE FOR HARVESTING
SR.
NO. DESCRIPTION
TOTAL
AREA
(m2)
EFFECTIVE AREA
CONSIDERED FOR
RAINWATER
HARVESTING
(m2)
AVERAGE
ANNUAL
RAINFALL
(m)
COEFFICIENT
AVAILABLE
FOR
RAINWATER
HARVESTING
(m3)
1 Green belt 2332.0 2332.0 0.846 0.20 394.5
2 Paved area 1200.0 1200.0 0.846 0.60 609.1
3 Roof top area 1589.8 1589.8 0.846 0.90 1210.5
4 Open area 1762.7 1762.7 0.846 0.20 298.24
Total 2512.34
The rainwater available for harvesting is calculated 2,512.24 m3 per annum (table-10.5). The consumption
of water is total 18,000 m3 per annum (table-10.4). Table-10.6 shows the water balance calculation, it is
apparent that the water available for roof top rainwater harvesting is less than the water consumption per
annum.
TABLE-10.6 WATER BALANCE
WATER REQUIREMENT
(m3/ANNUM)
RAINWATER AVAILABLE FOR
HARVESTING (m3/ANNUM)
WATER BALANCE
(m3/ANNUM)
18000 2512.24 -15487.7
Total fresh water required per year 18,000 KL. As per the norms of CGWA for 200% recharge we have to
recharge 36,000 KL. Studying the area & aquifer in the surrounding area and the existing bore wells, we
conclude that one recharge bore well can intake 9,000 liters per hours. So considering 30 days of rainfall we
can conclude one recharge bore well capacity will be 6,480 KL.
As per rainwater collection in premises 2,652 KL/Yr the unit has to be constructed one recharge Borewell in
premises. Approximate seven recharge bore well has to be constructed which will recharge approximate
36,000 KL/Yr. Total volume of water to be recharge as per 200% norms for over exploited zone can be
sufficed by seven recharge borewell. One in premises & six remaining in nearby village or in Village Lake.
The N.O.C from required authorities of village for RWH will be obtained.
SR.
NO. PARTICULARS
WATER
REQUIREMENT
m3/DAY
NO. OF DAYS
FOR
CONSUMPTION
TOTAL
m3/year
1 Industrial requirement 49 300 14,700
2 Domestic requirement 5.00 300 1,500
3 Green Belt requirement 6 300 1,800
Total 18,000
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M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 10-9
RECOMMENDATIONS FOR RECHARGE BORE WELL.
• One new recharge wells of 200 mm X150 mtrs each should be drilled by DR type of rig with heavy
duty mud pump at the location as shown in the sketch map for rain water recharge.
• Drilling party is instructed to collect strata samples at 06 Mtrs interval of drilling & mud water samples
at 15 Mtrs depth interval of drilling for necessary verification.
• Pilot hole must be electrolloged & pipe assembly should be lowered as per Electro logging results.
• Casing pipe with strainer pipe of 200mm Dia should be lowered into a well reamed bore hole of 450mm
Dia for recharge wells.
• On the basis of the aquifer materials encountered during drilling, the size of the screen should be
decided, varying from 1.0mm to 1.5 as per the grain size.
• Gravel packing in the structure should strictly follow the size of screen recommended.
• The tube well should be cleaned with air compressor till sand free discharge is obtained.
Recommended Specification of recharge bore well.
• A trial bore of 200mmX150 mtrs depth by direct rotary rig with heavy duty mud pump is recommended
as per sketch map.
• Depth : 150 mtr
• Diameter: 200 mm
FIGURE-10.1 THE GENERAL DESIGN OF THE RECHARGE WELL
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M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 10-10
10.2 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY Following plan for occupational health and safety will be adopted in the plant and details for allocated fund
for the same is given in section 2.5.1 of Chpater-2. Company is following as per factory rules, Form No. 32
(Health Register), Form No. 33 (Fitness Certificate) & Form No. 20 (Certify Surgeon Fitness Certificate)
for health of workers and records are maintained, Samples are given in Annexure-XIV. Company is
following its standard procedure. Regular work zone environmental monitoring to indentify Permissible
Exposure level (PEL) of hazardous chemicals due to fugitive emission is/will be carried out.
� All measures related to safety such as safety appliances, training, safety awards, posters, slogans will
be undertaken.
� The workers exposed to noisy sources will be provided with ear muffs/plugs.
� Adequate facilities safe for drinking water and toilets will be provided to the employees.
� The fire and safety equipment will be properly utilized and maintained regularly.
� The health of the workers will be regularly checked by a well qualified doctor and proper records will
be kept for each worker.
� Restrictions; only authorized employees permitted to enter in restricted plant areas.
� Responsibility: Site appointments detailing specific responsibilities as required meeting regulatory
compliance shall be completed and maintained, within the Health and Safety Management System.
� Site Manager: site manager will has the overall responsibility for all occupational health and safety
activities on the site, and to stop any subordinate from working on site in an unsafe manner.
� Communication: All employees will be encouraged to communicate regarding hazard observed in
plant to any supervisor.
� Toolbox talks: supervisory staff will conduct weekly toolbox talks with employees and address the
application of health and safety rules and procedure to hazards.
� Site rules: site rules prepared and communicated to employees like; induction training, designated
area to wear PPEs, no smoking signs, etc.
� Housekeeping: dedicated area for rubbish dumping bins will be identified and established in every
plant. Usage of rubbish bins will be instructed. Maintaining hygienic conditions in canteens, near
drinking water source and toilets.
� First aid: a first aid box will be provided and allocated to a trained, certified first aider.
� Fire prevention: Flammable materials shall be stored in a suitable location and adequate firefighting
equipment installed in suitable locations around the store. All operations conducted on site shall be
conducted in a manner to prevent the risk of fire.
� Monitoring safety: the site manager staff will monitor safety thoroughly in plant visited and if any
modification observed/identified, necessary action will be taken. Incident and accident will be
recorded and reported to authority.
10.3 CONCEPT OF WASTE-MINIMISATION, RECYCLE/REUSE/RECOVER TECHNIQUES,
ENERGY CONSERVATION, AND NATURAL RESOURCE CONSERVATION Waste-minimisation: Process optimization can be done by using proper technology & maintenance of
equipment.
Recycle/reuse/recover: M/s. Orbit Pharma Laboratories Pvt. Ltd, in which low COD stream will achieve
ZLD and high COD stream will be send to Common facility for MEE.
Natural Resource Conservation: To conserve ground water, rain water harvesting will be carried out to
store rain for future use and also to recharge ground water.
Energy Conservation: To conserve energy, company will use traditional light bulbs with Compact
Fluorescent Lamps (CFLs) means reduction in usage of 1/4th of the total energy consumption.
10.4 DESCRIPTION OF ADMINISTRATIVE ASPECTS Description of different Administrative Aspects are enlisted here,
10.4.1 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT CELL In addition to preparing an EMP, it is also necessary to have a permanent organizational set up to ensure its
effective implementation. Hence, proposed plant will create a team consisting of officers from various
departments to co-ordinate the activities concerned with management and implementation of the
environmental control measures. This team will undertake the activity of monitoring the stack emissions,
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M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 10-11
ambient air quality, noise level etc. either departmentally or by appointing external agencies wherever
necessary. Regular monitoring of environmental parameters will be carried out to find out any deterioration
in environmental quality and also to take corrective steps, if required, through respective internal
departments.
The Environmental Management Cell will also collect data about health of workers, green belt development
etc. Organogram of the Environmental Management Cell is presented in figure-10.2.
FIGURE-10.2 AN ORGANOGRAM OF ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT CELL
The cell will also be responsible for monitoring of the plant safety and safety related systems which include:
� Checking of safety related operating conditions.
� Visual inspection of safety equipments.
� Preparation of a maintenance plan and documentation of maintenance work specifying different
maintenance intervals and the type of work to be performed.
Other responsibilities of the cell will include:
� Conduct and submit annual Environmental Audit Report. A SPCB registered agency will be retained
to generate the data in respect of air, water, noise and soil and prepare the Environmental Audit
Report. Timely renewal of Consolidated Consents & Authorization (CC & A) will also be taken care
of.
� Submitting environmental monitoring report to SPCB. Data monitored by the cell will be submitted to
the Board regularly and as per the requirement of SPCB. The cell will also take mitigate or corrective
measures as required or suggested by the Board.
� Keeping the management updated on regular basis about the conclusions / results of monitoring
activities and proposes measures to improve environment preservation and protection.
� Conducting regular safety drills and training programs to educate employees on safety practices. A
qualified and experienced safety officer will be responsible for the identification of the hazardous
conditions and unsafe acts of workers and advise on corrective actions, organize training programs
and provide professional expert advice on various issues related to occupational safety and health.
� Conducting safety and health audits to ensure that recommended safety and health measures are
followed.
10.4.2 ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY The Company has an environment policy approved by the Director which is attached as annexure-XI. The
standard Operating procedure will be prepared after implementation of the project.
10.4.3 REPORTING SYSTEM TO THE DIRECTORS A responsible person or officer collect the Environmental and safety compliance data and submit it to their
manager & he/she submit a signed Environmental and safety compliance report to the Directors. Any
Environment related non compliances / violations / notices will be taken as immediate action.
Vice President – General
General Manager - Works
Manager – EHS
Operators – ETP / MEE / RO.
Executives– ETP / MEE / RO
Medical Assistance – OHC
Jr. Executive – F & S.
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M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 10-12
10.4.4 BUDGETORY PROVISIONS FOR EMP Adequate budgetary provisions have been made by M/s. Orbit Pharma Laboratories Pvt. Ltd. Management
for execution of environmental management plans. The details of capital and recurring (per annum) budget
earmarked for pollution control / monitoring equipment; operation and maintenance of pollution control
facilities, for greenbelt development and maintenance will be as given in table-10.7.
TABLE-10.7 COST OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION MEASURES (RS. IN LAKHS)
NO. PARTICULARS CAPITAL COST
(RS. IN LACS.)
RECURRING COST
(RS. IN LACS. PER
ANNUM)
1. Air & Noise Pollution Control 10 0.8
2. Water Pollution Control 58 6.8
3. Environment Monitoring &
Management 1.25 1.6
4. Occupational Health 1.5 0.3
5. Green Belt 2.5 0.5
TOTAL 73.25 10
10.5 OCCUPATIONAL WORK ZONE MONITORING The Company is having its existing practice for monitoring of hazardous chemicals in work zone area. Work
zone monitoring is being carried out by third party monitoring laboratory. Hazardous chemicals and sampling
locations identified to monitor its concentration and records are being kept as per Gujarat Factories Rules. The
Company has proposed monitoring programme to monitor the concentration of chemicals in work zone
environment.
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M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 11-1
CHAPTER – 11
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION
11.1 INTRODUCTION M/s. Orbit Pharma Laboratories is proposed expansion project in Pharmaceutical and Bulk Drug unit at
Block No. 155/1, 159, Chhatral-Kadi Road, Village Dhanot, Taluka Kalol, District Gandhinagar, Gujarat.
11.2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION
11.2.1 PROJECT DETAILS
Category of the project A (Outside the Notified Industrial Area)
S. No. In the schedule 5(f), Synthetic Organic Chemicals as per EIA Notification dated
14th September, 2006 & its amendment dated 1st December, 2009
Location of the project Block No. 155/1, 159, Chhatral-Kadi Road, Village Dhanot,
Taluka Kalol, District Gandhinagar, Gujarat
Project cost for proposed expansion
project Rs. 5.45 Crores.
Cost for EPCM (Environmental
Pollution Control Measures)
Total capital cost of pollution control measures will be Rs. 73.25
lacs & recurring cost per annum will be 10 lacs.
11.2.2 PROJECT REQUIREMENT
Land requirement Company is having 7066 sq. m. of private land area. No new land is required
for the proposed expansion project.
Water requirement & its
source • Total water requirement will be 65 KLD (60.0 KLD fresh + 5.0 KLD
reused).
• Out of 60 KLD, 6 KLD will be used only for greenbelt development & 5 KLD
for domestic purpose.
• 49 KLD water will be required for industrial purpose (boiler, cooling tower, for
process, washing & others).
• Entire water will be sourced from ground water using bore well & permission
is under process from the Central Ground Water Authority (CGWA).
Electricity requirement &
its source • Total power requirement will be 260 KW (60 KW existing + 200 KW
proposed) will be sourced from UGVCL (Uttar Gujarat Vij Company
Limited).
• During emergency purpose one .D. G. Set of 100 KVA and additional one
number of .D. G. Set of 250 KVA will be utilized.
Manpower requirements • For proposed expansion project total 100 (existing 19 and additional 81)
personnel will be required.
• Out of total 30 personnel will be on contract basis.
• Preference will be given to local people on the ground of qualification.
• Local people will be hired for construction work so labor colony will not be
required.
• Existing facility will be utilized for their requirements. During operation
phase rest rooms and sanitation facilities will be provided for truck drivers if
required.
Fuel requirement & its
source No. Fuel Existing Proposed Total Remark
1 Wood Waste/
Agro waste/ Coal 300 Kg/Day
2,700
Kg/Day
3000
Kg/Day
For Boiler & Hot Air
Generator
2 Coal - 1,800
Kg/Day
1800
Kg/Day
For Thermic Fluid Heater
3 Diesel 8 Lit/Day 20 Lit/Day 28 Lit/Day For DG Sets
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M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 11-2
11.2.3 RAW MATERIALS
No. Name of Raw Material MT/Month
1. 2,6-Dichlorophenol 69.81
2. Potassium Carbonate 31.30
3. Toluene 184.79
4. Methyl Mono Chloro Acetate (MMCA) 48.86
5. Aniline Oil 38.39
6. Chloro Acetyl Chloride (CAC) 62.83
7. Alluminium Chloride 43.18
8. Carbon 2.68
9. Acetic acid 19.82
10. Diethyle Amine 0.72
11. Hydrochloric Acid 15.13
12. 4 Chloro-2 Aminophenol 2.73
13. Urea 3.28
14. Hydro Sulphide of Soda 0.03
15. Caustic Lye 23.90
16. Methanol 229.34
17. 4-Chloro-2- Nitro Aniline 12.20
18. Thiophenol 7.32
19. Ferric Chloride 0.37
20. Hydrazine Hydride 9.76
21. Hydrogen Cynamide 7.32
22. Methyl Chloro Formate 8.54
23. Dimethyl Sulxoxide 0.55
24. Hydrogen Peroxide 1.60
25. Acetone 30.94
26. N(4-5) Dicloro-2 Nitro Phenyl Acetamide 2.38
27. Dimethyl Formamide (DMF) 2.38
28. 2:3 Dichloro Phenol 2.38
29. Nitrogen Gas 0.12
30. Hydrogen Gas 0.15
31. Raneynickel 0.26
32. Hyflow 0.10
33. Potassium Hydroxide 1.79
34. Calcium Disulphide 0.86
35. Dimethyl Sulfate 1.98
36. Isopropyl Alcohol (IPA) 0.24
37. Methoxy Acetyl Chloride 0.59
38. Methylene Dichloride 16.37
39. Xylene 6.22
40. Thiourea 0.59
41. 1-Decylbromide 1.19
42. Methychloro Formate 1.33
43. 1-1 Cyclohexane Diacetic Acid 1.80
44. Liq. Bromine 1.17
45. Caustic Soda Flakes 11.78
46. Trietylamine 0.50
47. 1,3 Cyclohexadione 0.95
48. Phenyl Hydrazine 1.01
49. Zinc Chloride 0.95
50. Phosphorous Trichloride 1.52
51. Closantel Amine 3.03
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M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 11-3
No. Name of Raw Material MT/Month
52. 3:5 DiIodosalicylic acid 4.24
53. Sodium Metal 3.18
54. Caustic Potash 1.52
55. Catalyst 0.23
56. Para Formaldehyde 1.14
57. 2-Methylimidazole 0.65
58. Liq. Ammonia 0.79
The raw materials will be purchased from the local market and transported through trucks to the project
site. Approximately 80 numbers of trucks per month will be required for transportation of raw material,
finished goods and hazardous wastes, etc.
11.2.4 WASTE WATER GENERATION AND MANAGEMENT In existing scenario 4.1 KLD waste water is generating which includes 0.65 KLD domestic waste water and
remaining 3.45 KLD is industrial effluent. Domestic waste water is disposed through septic tank/soak pit.
While industrial effluent is treated in ETP and after treatment it is evaporated through single stage
evaporator.
After the proposed expansion, around 31.3 KLD waste water will be generated. Domestic waste water will
be generated around 3.65 KLD and disposed through septic tank/soak pit. While industrial effluent around
27.65 KLD will be generated. Total industrial effluent will be segregated into two streams i.e. high COD
and low COD. Low COD stream will be treated in proposed upgraded ETP and treated water will be
evaporated through single stage evaporator. High COD effluent will be sent to common MEE facility at
Chhatral. Thus, company will achieve Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD).
11.2.5 AIR EMISSION AND AIR POLLUTION CONTROL MEASURES
Details of air pollution control measures given in the following.
No. Stack Attached To Fuel Used Stack Height Pollution Control
System Final Concentration
EXISTING SCENARIO
1. Boiler * (1TPH) Wood Waste/ Agro
waste / 300 kg/Day
30 meter Multi Cyclone SPM ≤ 150 mg/Nm
3
SO2 ≤ 100 ppm
NOX ≤ 50 ppm 2. Hot Air Generator 8 meter -
3. D.G Set (Stand By)
100 KVA Diesel 8 Lit/Hr 30 meter
Acoustic
Enclosures
SPM ≤ 150 mg/Nm3
SO2 ≤ 100 ppm
NOX ≤ 50 ppm
PROPOSED SCENARIO
1. Boiler *
(2TPH)
Coal/ Agro waste /
2700 kg/Day 30 meter Multi Cyclone
SPM ≤ 150 mg/Nm3
SO2 ≤ 100 ppm
NOX ≤ 50 ppm
2. Thermic Fluid Heater
(2 lac Kcal)
Coal
1800 kg/day 30 meter Multi Cyclone
SPM ≤ 150 mg/Nm3
SO2 ≤ 100 ppm
NOX ≤ 50 ppm
3. D.G Set (Stand By)
250 KVA
Diesel
20 Lit/Hr 09 meter
Acoustic
Enclosures
SPM ≤ 150 mg/Nm3
SO2 ≤ 100 ppm
NOX ≤ 50 ppm
* There will be a common stack for existing and proposed boiler
PROCESS EMISSION
No. Stack Attached To Stack Height Pollution Control
System Final Concentration
EXISTING SCENARIO
1. Reaction vessels 09
meter
Water scrubber followed
by Alkali Scrubber HCl ≤ 20 mg/Nm
3
PROPOSED SCENARIO
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M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 11-4
No. Stack Attached To Stack Height Pollution Control
System Final Concentration
1. Reaction vessels 09 meter Water scrubber followed
by Alkali Scrubber HCl ≤ 20 mg/Nm
3
11.2.6 SOLID WASTE GENERATION & DISPOSAL Total 6 types of Solid/hazardous waste will be generated from the proposed expansion project.
• Used oil (0.05 MT/Y) will be reused as lubricants in the machineries within the premises only or send to
authorized re-processors.
• Discarded Containers/Barrels/plastic (600 Nos/year) will be sent to authorized recycler after
decontamination.
• ETP sludge (15 MT/M) will be sent to TSDF site.
• Date Expired, discard and off specification medicines (1 MT/M) will be disposed at CHWF/TSDF after giving
proper treatment
• Fly Ash (18 MT/M) and Evaporator salt (5 MT/M) will be collected, stored and sent to brick
manufacturer or to TSDF site.
• Solvent residue (20.35 MT/M) will be sent for incineration.
11.3 BASELINE ENVIRONMENT The baseline environmental quality has been assessed during Post-Monsoon Season i.e 1st October to 31st
December, 2016 in a study area of 10 km radial distance from the project site.
11.3.1 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY
The baseline levels within the study area with respect to (PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOX, CO, HCl and VOC) terms
of various statistical parameters are presented in tables-3.3. During baseline monitoring, the arithmetic
mean values of PM10 varied between 62.79- 72.86 µg/m3 while the 98
th percentile values of PM10 ranged
between 66.08– 76.01µg/m3. The arithmetic mean values of PM2.5 varied between 30.01– 34.25 µg/m3 while
the 98th percentile values of PM2.5 ranged between 33.01- 37.15 µg/m3. The arithmetic mean value for SO2
was 9.26 – 13.91µg/m3 and the 98
th percentile of SO2 was 12.91- 17.21µg/m
3. The arithmetic mean values of
NOx varied between 17.78–22.43µg/m3 while the 98
th percentile of NOX ranged from 19.10- 25.57µg/m
3. The
arithmetic mean values of CO varied between 0.1– 0.3 mg/m3
while the 98th percentile of CO ranged from
0.2– 0.5mg/m3. The arithmetic mean and 98th percentile values of HCl and VOC are found below detectable
limit (BDL)<1.0.
11.3.2 GROUND WATER QUALITY MONITORING
Groundwater samples from different villages during study period was collected once during monitoring
period and analyzed. pH varied in the range of 7.52 - 7.84, turbidity 1.0 – 1.7 NTU, total hardness 50.9 -
262.6 mg/l, dissolved solids 560 - 1919 mg/l, Sulphate 50 - 285 mg/l and Alkalinity 268 - 476 mg/l.
Chloride varied from 130.6 – 739.2 mg/l. Nitrate and heavy metals concentrations were observed to be
below Indian standard/specification for drinking water IS 10500-1992.
11.3.3 SURFACE WATER QUALITY MONITORING pH varied is from 7.08 – 8.05 the turbidity varied from 1.0 – 4.2 NTU, the dissolved solids varied from 203
- 511 mg/l, total hardness varied between 57.7 – 135.9 mg/l, chloride varied from 43.2 – 291.9 mg/l, the
sulphate varied from 17.5 – 100 mg/l. The nutrient values in the form of nitrate were not observed. The
overall surface water quality was found to be average and the water should be treated before using it for
drinking purpose.
11.3.4 BACKGROUND NOISE LEVEL
The noise level measured in study area at different locations. The noise level at the project site was found
51.6-77.9 dBA in daytime 45.1-68.8 dBA in night time. The noise levels varied in the residential area of the
study area during day time [night time] in the range of 42.3-77.9 (31.9– 69.4) dBA.
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M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 11-5
11.3.5 SOIL QUALITY The eight soil samples collected from surrounding areas including project site were assessed for physical
and chemical quality parameters. The porosity ranged from 30-74 % and WHC from 29-60 %. The EC
ranged from 700 – 1078 µs/cm. The soil pH varied from 7.7-8.7. These results indicate that in general soils
are saline/alkaline as EC exceeds 800 µs/cm and pH is above 8.1. The OC varied from 1.9-3.5 % and
available nitrogen from 78.2-109.2 mg/kg. The available phosphorus and potassium ranged from 1870-2978
mg/kg and 16.5-62.5 mg/kg respectively. Among basic cations there is predominance of sodium (84.3 to
141.7 mg/kg) followed by calcium (17.8 to 41.5 mg/kg) and magnesium (8.0 to 26.2 mg/kg).
11.3.6 LAND USE PATTERN Land use within 10 km radius of the study area has been determined with the help of satellite imagery, and
broadly consists of settlements, Industrial, Tank/River/reservoir, Single crop, land with scrub, land without
scrub area.
11.3.7 SOCIO-ECONOMIC STUDY
The study area consist total 52 major, minor villages and urban area. Total population of the study area is
3,87,539 as per census 2011 from which 2,03,998 are males and 1,83,541 are females. Total population of
Gandhinagar district was 13,91,753 having 923 female per 1000 male. While other district is Mahesana, it
had population of 20,35,064. With regards to sex ratio in Mahesana, it stood at 926 per 1000 male. As per
2011 census, the total literacy rate of the Gandhinagar and Mahesana District were 84.16% and 83.16%
respectively, while literacy rate in study area was 72.4%. All villages are having primary infrastructural
facilities.
11.3.8 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT There is no National park, wild life sanctuary present within the study area of 10 km radius from the project
site.
11.4 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES 11.4.1 IMPACT ASSESSMENT An effort has been made to identify various environmental, social and ecological impacts due to proposed
project during construction and operation phases considering present environmental scenario as baseline.
The corresponding mitigation measures to take care of the adverse impacts are also discussed in following
sections.
11.4.2 IMPACTS DURING CONSTRUCTION PHASE & ITS MITIGATION MEASURES During Construction Phase, the Fugitive Dust Emission due to civil work and vehicular movement is not
expected to spread too far as water spraying will be carried out to suppress the dust emission at the site and
as well as on road. The increase in noise levels due to the movement of vehicles will be taken care of by
regulating the movement of vehicles and the impact on the human beings will be taken care of by providing
the working people with ear plugs / ear muffs. During Construction, drainage pattern and water supply
system of overland water flow will not be changed during the site preparation activities. Suspended solids
can be controlled by sprinkling water and by employing enclosures to construction area to allow the
particles to settle down, prior to discharge. During construction period, the project is likely to generate
substantial employment and income.
11.4.3 IMPACT DURING OPERATION PHASE & MITIGATION MEASURES
11.4.3.1 AIR ENVIRONMENT The ISCST3 scientific model has been used to predict the proposed air quality on the environment.
The maximum 24 hourly average GLC’s for PM, SO2, NOx and HCl is observed to be 2.45 µg/m3, 4.17
µg/m3, 1.53 µg/m
3 and 0.03 µg/m
3 respectively at a distance of 1 km in South direction. Sources of fugitive
emissions include storage of chemicals, manufacturing activities, solvent handling, processing vessels,
valves, joints, loading and unloading section, raw material handling and hazardous waste storage area, etc.
11.4.3.2 NOISE ENVIRONMENT
The noise pollution management will be taken up in the following manner;
- By providing noise barrier to the noise generating equipment, noise level will reduce below 75 dBA
noise level at 1 m distance.
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M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 11-6
- Acoustic enclosures will be provided to D. G. set to reduce the noise level.
- Further, Greenbelt will help to reduce the noise level within the plant.
By these measures, it is anticipated that noise levels in the plant will be maintained below 75 dBA.
11.4.3.3 WATER ENVIRONMENT
Total water requirement will be 60 KLD. Out of 60 KLD, 6 KLD will be used only for greenbelt
development & 5 KLD for domestic purpose. 49 KLD water will be required for industrial purpose (boiler,
cooling tower, for process, washing & others) Entire water will be sourced from ground water using bore
well & permission is under process from the Central Ground Water Authority (CGWA).
In existing scenario 4.1 KLD waste water is generating which includes 0.65 KLD domestic waste water and
remaining 3.45 KLD is industrial effluent. Domestic waste water is disposed through septic tank/soak pit.
While industrial effluent is treated in ETP and after treatment it is evaporated through single stage
evaporator.
After the proposed expansion, around 31.3 KLD waste water will be generated. Domestic waste water will
be generated around 3.65 KLD and disposed through septic tank/soak pit. While industrial effluent around
27.65 KLD will be generated. Total effluent will be segregated into two streams i.e. high COD and low
COD. Low COD stream will be treated in proposed upgraded ETP and treated water will be evaporated
through single stage evaporator. High COD effluent will be sent to common MEE facility at Chhatral. Thus,
company will achieve Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD).
11.4.3.4 GREEN BELT DEVELOPMENT About total 2,332 m2 (33%) area shall be developed as green belt area.
11.4.3.5 SOCIO-ECONOMIC ASPECT Impact on Socio-Economic aspect will be mainly of Population, Migration, Culture, Economic status,
Health, Education, Drinking water facility, Drainage facility, Primary Infrastructure, etc. Due to this project
population growth will be increased for direct and indirect employment related to this industry. With the
increase of population, migration will also increase which impact will be directly on culture of the area. For
the proposed expansion, total 100 (existing 19 and additional 81) personnel will be employed. Moreover
indirect employment will be generated which will increase the commercial and economic status of the area.
As in CSR activity of the project improvement of health facility, education facility and primary
infrastructure facility will be improved which will definitely push up the socio-economic status of the area.
11.5 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME A regular monitoring of environmental parameters like air, water, noise and soil as well as performance of
pollution control facilities and safety measures in the plant are important for proper environmental
management of any project. Therefore, the environment and safety cell will handle monitoring of air and
water pollutants as well as the solid wastes generation as per the requirements of GPCB/CPCB.
11.6 RISK ASSESSMENT The management is very much aware of their obligation to protect all persons at work and others in the
neighbourhood who may be affected by an unfortunate and unforeseen incidence occurring at the works.
Any hazard either to employees or others arising from activities at the plant site shall, as far as possible, be
handled by the personnel of the company and prevented from spreading any further. However in the case of
eventuality the Disaster Management plan adopted may be able to control the situation.
11.7 PROJECT BENEFITS The company shall earmarks funds of Rs. 13.6 lacs i.e. 2.5% of the total project cost i.e. Rs. 545 lacs which
will utilize for the CSR activities for the five years after that the company will utilize the fund as per
regulations. Company will carry out the CSR activities in the field of Drinking water facility, Health care,
agriculture, awareness programme, Rain water harvesting, Education, Plantation, Sports, etc.
11.8 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN Environmental monitoring of different parameters will be done regularly and the activity will be
coordinated by the Environmental Management Cell (EMC). Mitigation of environmental impact has to be
implemented according to the suggestions and will be monitored regularly to prevent any lapse. The EMC
will be under the overall supervision of the Manager (EHS). The cell will report on a regular basis to the
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M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 11-7
General Manager. The EMC will prepare a formal report on environmental management and mitigation at
six month intervals. The company will undertake various training programme for improving the
performance of the working personnel. Special training will be arranged in regular intervals to combat
emergency scenarios that may occur during the plant operation.
11 CONCLUSION It can be concluded that on positive implementation of mitigation measures and Environmental
management plan during the construction & operational phase, there will be negligible impact on the
environment. The project in totality may be considered environmentally safe.
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M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 12-1
CHAPTER – 12
CONSULTANT ENGAGED Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Study for the proposed expansion of pharmaceutical products
manufacturing unit of M/s. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES conducted by,
Name : Envision Enviro Technologies Pvt. Ltd.
Address : 2nd
Floor, Shri Ram Complex, Above Bank of India,
Surat-Dumas Road, Piplod,
Surat-395 007, Gujarat.
Phone : (0261) 2223003, 2224004
E-mail : [email protected]
Website : www.en-vision.in
Status of accreditation with
QCI/NABET : Accredited. Certificated No: NABET/EIA/1417/ IA 003 valid
up to December 03, 2017
Envision Enviro Technologies Pvt. Ltd. (ISO 9001:2008 certified company) is a consulting, engineering
and equipment supplier firm delivering exceptional service and quality to public and private clients in India.
Envision is working with zeal in the field of environmental engineering for more than 20 years. Envision
has a vision of supporting and being a part of development that is sustainable to our environment.
Envision is one of the leading companies as Environmental Consultants providing the EIA study required
for Environmental Clearance from MoEF&CC/SEIAA and NOC (Consent to Establish), CCA (Consent to
Operate) from Pollution Control Board. Envision has a well established laboratory with environmental
monitoring and analysis of environmental parameters (Air & Water monitoring, Waste Water analysis,
Stack analysis).
Envision is also working as consultants, turnkey project executors and equipment suppliers in the field of
Pollution Control (Environmental) Engineering and deals with turnkey projects in Incineration System for
Solid and Hazardous waste. Envision also does the design, construction, erection and commission of Water
Treatment Facility (Effluent treatment plants, Sewage treatment plants, etc.) and Secured Landfill sites.
Envision is the first organization in India that holds Common Plastic Waste Management Facility.
Envision is enlisted contractor with PWD, Goa as Class-I-A (One-A) in the category of Water Supply &
Waste Water Disposal. Envision is recognized as Environmental Auditors and enlisted as consultants and
pollution control equipment suppliers with Gujarat Pollution Control Board. Provide Services in the field of
Structural Engineering, Water Supply Engineering and Civil Engineering. It has national cliental from state
of Gujarat, Chhattisgarh, Assam, Haryana, Madhya Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Rajasthan, Goa, Kerala, etc
and international cliental from Dubai and Egypt.
EETPL is Member of Consulting Engineers Association of India, Indo-German Chamber of Commerce,
Society of Environmental Auditors and Consultants, Ahmedabad and Member of CII. EETPL is operated
by Mr. Nihar Doctor and Mrs. Nimisha Doctor, who are actively involved in achieving their vision to be a
significant contributor in the development sustainable by Environment using collective technical acumen to
provide services & equipments and be a part of movement of building Modern India with better
environment and safety aim.
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M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 12-2
ACCREDITATION CERIFICATE BY QCI NABET
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M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT 12-3
Functional area experts and assistance to FAE involved in the EIA study for M/s. Orbit Pharma
Laboratories Gandhinagar, Gujarat is as follow:
FUNCTIONAL AREA EXPERTS INVOLVED IN THE EIA
Name of EIA
Coordinator /
Assignment Head
involved
Functional area experts involved
Functional area Name/s
Ms. Smitha Rajesh
Associate:
Arif Shaikh
LU (Land Use) Dr. Y. Rama Mohan
Associate: Mayur Harsora AQM (Meteorology, Air Quality
Modeling & Prediction) Nihar Doctor
Associate: Smitha Rajesh, Krunal Patel AP (Air Pollution Monitoring,
Prevention & Control) Nihar Doctor
Associate: Krunal Patel, Vaibhavi Kanani
WP (Water Pollution Monitoring,
Prevention, & Control)
Nihar Doctor
Associate: Smitha Rajesh, Mayur Harsora, Prakash
Vaghela
EB (Ecology & Biodiversity) Dr. Manoj Eledath
Associate: Satyendra Singh
SE (Socio-Economy) Dr. Rumjhum Ray Chaudhuri
Associate: Arif Shaikh
N (Noise) Haneesh Panicker
Associate: Mayur Harsora, Vaibhavi Kanani HG (Hydrology, Ground Water &
Water Conservation) Naresh Gor
Associate: Apoorva Ghantiwala
RH (Risk Assessment & Hazard
Management)
Sundararajulu Chinnikrishna Amidala
Associate: Smitha Rajesh Jignesh Patel, Krunal
Patel
SHW (Solid & Hazardous Waste
Management) Nihar Doctor
Associate: Smitha Rajesh, Jatin Wadia
LABORATORY INVOLVED FOR BASELINE MONITORING & OTHER ANALYSIS
No. Name of laboratory NABL registration status Role
1. En-Tech Laboratory Certificate No. T-3750 Monitoring and Analysis
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M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT A - 1
ANNEXURE-I
TERMS OF REFERENCE LETTER AWARDED BY EAC
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ANNEXURE-II (CONT.)
LAND DOCUMENT
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ANNEXURE-II (CONT.)
LAND DOCUMENT
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ANNEXURE-II (CONT.)
LAND DOCUMENT
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ANNEXURE-III
TSDF/INCINERATION MEMBERSHIP CERTIFICATE
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ANNEXURE- III (CONT.)
TSDF/INCINERATION MEMBERSHIP CERTIFICATE
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M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT A - 16
ANNEXURE-IV
CLIMATOLOGICAL DATA
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ANNEXURE-IV (CONT.)
CLIMATOLOGICAL DATA
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ANNEXURE-V (CONTD.)
RAW DATA OF AAQM
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ANNEXURE-V (CONTD.)
RAW DATA OF AAQM
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ANNEXURE-V (CONTD.)
RAW DATA OF AAQM
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ANNEXURE-VI
NATIONAL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS (NAAQS) (2009)
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M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT A - 23
ANNEXURE-VI (CONT.)
NATIONAL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS (NAAQS) (2009)
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M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT A - 24
ANNEXURE-VII
INDIAN STANDARDS/SPECIFICATIONS FOR DRIINKING WATER IS: 10500-1991
Sr
No.
Substances or
Charcter-
Istics
Max
Requireme-
Nt
(Desirable
Limit)
Undesirable Effects
Out-Side The
Desirable Limit
Permissible Limit
In Absence of
Alternate Source
Method of
Test Ci Ref
of
Is: 3025
Remarks
ESSENTIAL CHARACTERISTICS
1 Colour, Hazen
unit
5 Above this,
consumer
acceptance
decreases
25 4 of 3025,
1983
Extended upto 25 only
if toxic substances are
not suspected in
absence of alternate
Source.
2 Odour Unobjectionable - 5 of
3025,198
3
a. Test cold and when
heated
b. Test at several
dilutions
3 Taste Agreeable - - Test to be conducted
only after safety has
been established
4 Turbidity, NTU 5 Above this,
consumer
acceptance
decreases
10 8 Test to be conducted
only after safety has
been established
5 pH Value 6.5-8.5 Beyond this range
the water will affect
the mucous
membrane and/or
water supply system
No relaxation 8 -
6 Total Hardness
mg/L (as CaCO3)
300 Encrustation on
water supply
structure and
adverse effects on
domestic use
600 - -
7 Iron (as Fe),
mg/L
0.3 Beyond this limit,,
taste/appearance are
affected has adverse
effect on domestic
uses and water
supply structures &
promotes iron
bacteria
1.0 32 of
3025,
1964
-
8 Chlorides
(as Cl-) mg/L
250 Beyond this limit
taste, corrosion and
palatability are
affected
1000 32 of
3025
-
9 Residual free
chlorine, mg/L
0.2 - - 26 of
3025,
1986
To be applicable only
when water is
chlorinated tested at
consumer end, when
protection against viral
infection is required it
should be min 0.5
mg/L
10 Dissolved Solids,
mg/L
500 Beyond this
palatability decrease
and may cause
gastrointestinal
irritation
2000 16 of
3025
-
11 Calcium (as Ca)
mg/L
75 - 200 40 of
3025,
1984
-
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ANNEXURE-VII (CONT.)
INDIAN STANDARDS/SPECIFICATIONS FOR DRIINKING WATER IS: 10500-1991
Sr.
No.
Substances or
Charcter-
Istics
Max
Requireme-
Nt
(Desirable
Limit)
Undesirable Effects
Out-Side The
Desirable Limit
Permissible Limit
In Absence of
Alternate Source
Method of
Test Ci
Ref of
Is: 3025
Remarks
DESIRABLE CHARACTERISTICS
12 Copper (as Cu),
mg/L
0.05 Astringent,taste
discoloration of
pipes, fittings and
utensils will be
caused beyond
this
1.5 36 of
3025,
1964
13 Manganese (as
Mn), mg/L
0.1 Astringent ,taste
discoloration of
pipes, fittings and
utensils will be
caused beyond
this
0.3 35 of
3025,196
4
14 Sulphate (as
SO4-2
), mg/L
200 Beyond this
causes
gastrointestinal
irritation when
magnesium or
sodium are present
400 24 of
3025,
1986
May be extended
upto 400 provided
(as Mg) does not
exceed 30 mg/l
15 Nitrate (as NO3-
), mg/L
45 Beyond this
methaemoglo-
binemia
100 - -
16 Fluoride (as F-),
mg/L
1.0 Fluoride may be
kept as low as
possible. High
fluoride may
cause fluorosis
1. 5 23 of
3025,
1964
-
17 Phenolic
substances
mg/L (as
C6H5OH)
0.001 Beyond this, it
may cause
objectionable taste
and odour
0.002 54 of
3025
18 Mercury (as
Hg), mg/L
0.01 Beyond this, the
water becomes
toxic
No relaxation See note
mercury
ion
analyzer
To be tested when
pollution is
suspected
19 Cadmium (as
Cd), mg/L
0.01 Beyond this the
water becomes
toxic
No relaxation See note
mercury
ion
analyser
To be tested when
pollution is
suspected
20 Selenium (as
Se) mg/L
0.01 Beyond this the
water becomes
toxic
No relaxation 28 of
3025,
1964
To be tested when
pollution is
suspected
21 Arsenic (As),
mg/L
0.05 Beyond this the
water becomes
toxic
No relaxation 37 of
3025,
1988
To be tested when
pollution is
suspected
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M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT A - 26
ANNEXURE-VII (CONT.)
INDIAN STANDARDS/SPECIFICATIONS FOR DRIINKING WATER IS: 10500-1991
Sr.
No.
Substances or
Charcter-
Istics
Max
Requireme-
Nt
(Desirable
Limit)
Undesirable Effects
Out-Side The
Desirable Limit
Permissible
Limit In
Absence of
Alternate
Source
Method of
Test Ci Ref of
Is: 3025
Remarks
22 Cyanide (CN-),
mg/L
0.05 Beyond this the water
becomes toxic
No relaxation 27 of 3025,
1986
To be tested
when pollution
is suspected
23 Lead (Pb),
mg/L
0.05 Beyond this the water
becomes toxic
No relaxation See note 86 To be tested
when pollution
plumbosolvenc
y is suspected
24 Zinc (as Zn),
mg/L
5 Beyond this limit it
can cause astringent
taste and an
opalescence in water
15 39 of
3025,1964
To be tested
when pollution
is suspected
25 Anionic
detergents mg/L
(as MBAS)
0.2 Beyond this limit
undesirable taste and
odour after
Chlorination takes
place
1.0 Methylene
blue
extraction
method
To be tested
when pollution
is suspected
26 Chromium (as
Cr+6), mg/L
0.01 May be carcinogenic
above this limit
0.05 28 0f 3025 To be tested
when pollution
is suspected
27 Polynuclear
aromatic
hydrocarbons,
mg/L
- May be carcinogenic - 28 of
3025,1964
To be tested
when pollution
is suspected
28 Mineral Oil,
mg/L
0.01 Beyond this limit
undesirable taste and
odour after
Chlorination takes
place
0.03 Gas
chromatogra
phic method
To be tested
when pollution
is suspected
29 Pesticides
mg/L
Absent Toxic 0.001 58 of 3025,
1964
-
30 Radioactive
materials
a. Alpha
emitters Bq/L
b. Beta emitters
pci/L
-
-
-
-
0.1
1.0
-
-
-
-
31 Alkalinity (as
CaCO3), mg/L
200 Beyond this limit
taste becomes
unpleasant
600 13 of
3025,1964
-
32 Aluminum (as
Al), mg/L
0.03 Cumulative effect is
reported to cause
dementia
0.2 31 0f
3025,1964
-
33 Boron (as B),
mg/L
1 - 5 29 of
3025,1964
-
Note: Atomic absorption spectrophotometric method may be used.
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M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT A - 27
ANNEXURE-VIII
CLASSIFICATION OF INLAND SURFACE WATER (CPCB STANDARDS)
SR
NO. CHARACTERISTICS A
@ B
@ C
@ D
@ E
@
1 Dissolved Oxygen (mg/L), Min 6 5 4 4 -
2 Biochemical Oxygen Demand (mg/L),
Min 2 3 3 - -
3 Total Coliform Organisms, MPN/100
ml, Max. 50 500 5000 - -
4 Total Dissolved Solids (mg/L), Max 500 - 1500 - 2100
5 Chlorides (as Cl-), mg/L, Max. 250 - 600 - 600
6 Colour, Hazen units, Max 10 300 300 - -
7 Sodium absorption ratio, Max - - - - 26
8 Boron (as B), mg/L, Max - - - - 2
9 Sulphates (as SO4-2), mg/L, Max. 400 - 400 - 1000
10 Nitrates (as NO3-), mg/L, Max 20 - 50 - -
11 Free Ammonia (as N), mg/L, Max - - - 1.2 -
12 Conductivity at 25°C, micromhos/cm,
Max - - - 1.0 2.25
13 pH value 6.5-8.5 6.5-8.5 6.5-8.5 6.5-8.5 6.0-8.0
14 Arsenic (as As), mg/L, Max 0.05 0.2 0.2 - -
15 Iron (as Fe), mg/L, Max 0.3 - 50 - -
16 Fluorides (as F), mg/L, Max 1.5 1.5 1.5 - -
17 Lead (as Pb), mg/L, Max 0.1 - 0.1 - -
18 Copper (as Cu), mg/L, Max 1.5 - 1.5 - -
19 Zinc (as Zn), mg/L, Max 15 - 15 - -
* If the Coliform count is found to be more than the prescribed tolerance limits, the criteria for coliforms shall be
satisfied if not more than 20 percent of samples show more than the tolerance limits specified, and not more than 5
percent of samples show values more than 4 times the tolerance limit. Further, the feacal coliform should not be more
than 20 percent of the coliform.
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M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT A - 28
ANNEXURE-IX
CPCB RECOMMENDATIONS FOR COMMUNITY NOISE EXPOSURE (1989)
CATEGORY
OF AREA
Leq (dBA)
(DAYTIME)
(0600 TO 2100 HRS)
Ldn (dBA)
(NIGHT TIME)
(2100 TO 0600 HRS)
Industrial Area 75 70
Commercial Area 65 55
Residential Area 55 45
Silence Zone 50 40
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M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT A - 29
ANNEXURE-X
DAMAGE RISK CRITERIA FOR HEARING LOSS OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY& HEALTH
ADMINISTRATION (OSHA)
MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE
DURATION PER DAY
(HOURS)
NOISE LEVEL
(SLOW RESPONSE)
dBA
8 90
6 92
4 95
3 97
2 100
1.5 102
1 105
0.5 110
0.25 or Less 115
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ANNEXURE-XI
ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY
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ANNEXURE-XII
NOC & CCA OF EXISTING UNIT
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ANNEXURE-XII (CONTD.)
NOC & CCA OF EXISTING UNIT
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ANNEXURE-XII (CONTD.)
NOC & CCA OF EXISTING UNIT
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ANNEXURE-XII (CONTD.)
NOC & CCA OF EXISTING UNIT
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ANNEXURE-XII (CONTD.)
NOC & CCA OF EXISTING UNIT
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ANNEXURE-XII (CONTD.)
NOC & CCA OF EXISTING UNIT
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ANNEXURE-XII (CONTD.)
NOC & CCA OF EXISTING UNIT
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ANNEXURE-XII (CONTD.)
NOC & CCA OF EXISTING UNIT
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ANNEXURE-XIII
COMPLIANCE REPORT
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ANNEXURE-XIII (CONTD.)
COMPLIANCE REPORT
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ANNEXURE-XIII (CONTD.)
COMPLIANCE REPORT
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ANNEXURE-XIII (CONTD.)
COMPLIANCE REPORT
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ANNEXURE-XIV
SAMPLE OF REGISTER FORM 32 AND FORM 33
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ANNEXURE-XIV
SAMPLE OF REGISTER FORM 32 AND FORM 33
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ANNEXURE-XV
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT COPY FOR GROUND WATER PERMISSION TO CGWA
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M/S. ORBIT PHARMA LABORATORIES, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT A - 46
ANNEXURE-XV (CONTI…)
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT COPY FOR GROUND WATER PERMISSION TO CGWA