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Pengantar Konsep Dasar Pengendalian
Djati WibowoI. Pulung NurprasetioWahyudi Martono
Apa itu Pengendalian/Kontrol?
Mengatur
Memerintah
Mengawasi
Menjaga
Membatasi
Meregulasi
Controlled vs UncontrolledControlled vs Uncontrolled Controlled vs UncontrolledControlled vs Uncontrolled
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Suatu proses yang bisa memaksa sistem untuk
“berperilaku” sesuai kehendak pengontrol (pengendali) untuk mencapai tujuan tertentu
Perumusan…. Sistem Kontrol
Komponen/elemen yang mempertahankan
suatu kondisi tertentu yang diharapkan dengan cara memanipulasi variabel lain di dalam sistem
Hasil yang DiharapkanHasil yang Diharapkan
�� Kestabilan (Kestabilan (stabilitystability): sistem mampu ): sistem mampu mempertahankan kondisi operasi tertentumempertahankan kondisi operasi tertentu
�� Performansi (Performansi (performanceperformance): sistem merespon ): sistem merespon
secara cepat berbagai secara cepat berbagai perubahan/gangguanperubahan/gangguan
�� Ketangguhan (Ketangguhan (robustnessrobustness): sistem mampu ): sistem mampu mentolerir gangguanmentolerir gangguan
Cara Mengontrol - simple
SenseVehicle Speed
ComputeControl “Law”
ActuateGas Pedal/
Brake, Steer
ControlControl = Sensing + Computation + Actuation= Sensing + Computation + Actuation
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Flight Control
Controlled member
Attitude Variable
Control force/moment generator
External disturbances
Aircraft
Control mechanism
Controller
Control
commandsignals
that is desired by controller
Information Processor
Control
command transmitter
Attitude sensors
How to Control?How to Control?
Jenis SistemJenis Sistem
Open loop
Closed loop
* On-Off
* Proportional
Motor tamiya, hair dryer
Room Temperature ControlRoom Temperature ControlKomponen Sistem Closed LoopKomponen Sistem Closed Loop
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Examples
�� Control System in NatureControl System in Nature
�� Historical ExamplesHistorical Examples
�� Modern ExamplesModern Examples
�� PancreasPancreas
�� Mengatur kadar gula dalam darahMengatur kadar gula dalam darah
�� Adrenalin Adrenalin
�� Mata Mata
�� Mengikuti bendaMengikuti benda--benda yang bergerakbenda yang bergerak
�� TanganTangan
Control System in NatureControl System in Nature
Back
Historical ExampleHistorical Example
Governor Governor �� Mengatur Mengatur
kecepatan mesin uap kecepatan mesin uap
Boulton-Watt steam engine
Balls fly out
as speed
increases,
Valve closes,
slowing engine
Flyballgovernor
Steamengine
Back
Modern ExampleModern Example
�� Control System in Transportation Control System in Transportation SystemSystem
�� Control in Process IndustryControl in Process Industry
�� Control in HomeControl in Home
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Control in TransportationControl in Transportation
�� Automotive: ECU, active suspension, antiAutomotive: ECU, active suspension, anti--lock lock
braking system (ABS), cruise controlbraking system (ABS), cruise control
�� Steering of missiles, planes, aircrafts, and shipsSteering of missiles, planes, aircrafts, and shipsBack
Control in IndustryControl in Industry
�� Mengontrol ketinggian cairan, temperatur, Mengontrol ketinggian cairan, temperatur, tekanan, dlltekanan, dll
Back
Control @ HomeControl @ Home
�� CD PlayerCD Player
�� Air conditioning systemAir conditioning system
�� SetrikaSetrika
�� Pompa airPompa air
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Upayakan ‘mengontrol’ nilai-
nilai dan IP anda!
Thank You
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