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Pengantar Konsep Dasar Pengendalian

Djati WibowoI. Pulung NurprasetioWahyudi Martono

Apa itu Pengendalian/Kontrol?

Mengatur

Memerintah

Mengawasi

Menjaga

Membatasi

Meregulasi

Controlled vs UncontrolledControlled vs Uncontrolled Controlled vs UncontrolledControlled vs Uncontrolled

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Suatu proses yang bisa memaksa sistem untuk

“berperilaku” sesuai kehendak pengontrol (pengendali) untuk mencapai tujuan tertentu

Perumusan…. Sistem Kontrol

Komponen/elemen yang mempertahankan

suatu kondisi tertentu yang diharapkan dengan cara memanipulasi variabel lain di dalam sistem

Hasil yang DiharapkanHasil yang Diharapkan

�� Kestabilan (Kestabilan (stabilitystability): sistem mampu ): sistem mampu mempertahankan kondisi operasi tertentumempertahankan kondisi operasi tertentu

�� Performansi (Performansi (performanceperformance): sistem merespon ): sistem merespon

secara cepat berbagai secara cepat berbagai perubahan/gangguanperubahan/gangguan

�� Ketangguhan (Ketangguhan (robustnessrobustness): sistem mampu ): sistem mampu mentolerir gangguanmentolerir gangguan

Cara Mengontrol - simple

SenseVehicle Speed

ComputeControl “Law”

ActuateGas Pedal/

Brake, Steer

ControlControl = Sensing + Computation + Actuation= Sensing + Computation + Actuation

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Flight Control

Controlled member

Attitude Variable

Control force/moment generator

External disturbances

Aircraft

Control mechanism

Controller

Control

commandsignals

that is desired by controller

Information Processor

Control

command transmitter

Attitude sensors

How to Control?How to Control?

Jenis SistemJenis Sistem

Open loop

Closed loop

* On-Off

* Proportional

Motor tamiya, hair dryer

Room Temperature ControlRoom Temperature ControlKomponen Sistem Closed LoopKomponen Sistem Closed Loop

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Examples

�� Control System in NatureControl System in Nature

�� Historical ExamplesHistorical Examples

�� Modern ExamplesModern Examples

�� PancreasPancreas

�� Mengatur kadar gula dalam darahMengatur kadar gula dalam darah

�� Adrenalin Adrenalin

�� Mata Mata

�� Mengikuti bendaMengikuti benda--benda yang bergerakbenda yang bergerak

�� TanganTangan

Control System in NatureControl System in Nature

Back

Historical ExampleHistorical Example

Governor Governor �� Mengatur Mengatur

kecepatan mesin uap kecepatan mesin uap

Boulton-Watt steam engine

Balls fly out

as speed

increases,

Valve closes,

slowing engine

Flyballgovernor

Steamengine

Back

Modern ExampleModern Example

�� Control System in Transportation Control System in Transportation SystemSystem

�� Control in Process IndustryControl in Process Industry

�� Control in HomeControl in Home

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Control in TransportationControl in Transportation

�� Automotive: ECU, active suspension, antiAutomotive: ECU, active suspension, anti--lock lock

braking system (ABS), cruise controlbraking system (ABS), cruise control

�� Steering of missiles, planes, aircrafts, and shipsSteering of missiles, planes, aircrafts, and shipsBack

Control in IndustryControl in Industry

�� Mengontrol ketinggian cairan, temperatur, Mengontrol ketinggian cairan, temperatur, tekanan, dlltekanan, dll

Back

Control @ HomeControl @ Home

�� CD PlayerCD Player

�� Air conditioning systemAir conditioning system

�� SetrikaSetrika

�� Pompa airPompa air

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Upayakan ‘mengontrol’ nilai-

nilai dan IP anda!

Thank You