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IntroductionVoice is that form of the verb which shows the relationof the subject of the verb to the action expressed byit. It shows whether the subject of the verb acts or isacted upon, ie whether the doer of an action is thesubject or object in a sentence. For example,

Ajit ate a mango. (Subject)A mango was eaten by Ajit. (Object)

Kind of VoiceA transitive verb has two voices: active and passive.

In active voice the subject names the actor thatis, the subject is the performer of the action expressedby the verb. In other words, we can say that the personor thing denoted by the subject does something thatis, it is the doer of the action. For example,

Rajesh kills a tiger.(Here the person denoted by the subject, namely Rajesh,does something to a tiger.)

In passive voice the subject names the object orreceiver of the action. In other words, it means thatsomething is done to the person or thing denoted bysubject. For example,

A tiger is killed by Rajesh.(Here the thing denoted by the subject, namely a tiger,suffers something from Rajesh.)

The active voice is used when the doer of the action(that is, agent) is to be made prominent. The passivevoice is used when the person or thing acted upon isto be made prominent. The passive voice is generallyused when the doer of the action is not known, is notimportant, or is not to be mentioned.

To change sentences from active to passive voice,the following points must be taken note of:(i ) The object of the active sentence becomes the

subject of the passive sentence.(ii) The subject of the active sentence becomes the

object of the passive sentence.(iii) The past participle of the main verb is used.(iv ) The past participle of the main verb is preceded

by the appropriate form of the verb ‘to be’ (am, is,are, was, were, be, been, being), keeping in mindthe number of the subject and the tense of theverb.

(v ) ‘By’ precedes the agent of the passive voice, if itis necessary.

Chapter 16

Voice

Since the active object has to become the passivesubject in the passive voice, intransitive verbs arealways in the active voice. It is only transitive verbsthat can be put into the passive voice.

It is to be noted that it does not change the basicmeaning of a sentence, so it is a kind of transformationthat alters the grammatical functions of theconstituents.

Tense and mood too are the indicators of verbforms but they do not change the functions of subjectand object nor do they affect word order in a sentence,therefore voice is different from tense and mood.Note: We can, use another word in place of ‘by’specially when the verbs express ‘states’ rather than‘actions’ done by the agent. For example,

Active PassiveThe result surprised me. I was surprised at the result.The news shocked me. I was shocked at the news.His manners pleased me. I was pleased with his manners.

Active and Passive StructuresLook at the sentences given below:

(1) They built this house in 1980. (active)This house was built in 1980. (passive)

(2) Indians speak Hindi. (active)Hindi is spoken by Indians. (passive)

(3) A friend of hours is repairing the roof. (active)The roof is being repaired by a friend of hours.(passive)

(4) This book will change your life. (active)Your life will be changed by this book. (passive)

When A does something to B, there are often two waysto talk about it. If we want A (the doer) to be thesubject, we use an active verb: built, speak, is repairing,will change. If we want B (the receiver of the action) tobe the subject, we use: was built, is spoken, is beingrepaired, will be changed.

160 English Language and Comprehension Voice

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The object of an active verb corresponds to thesubject of a passive verb.

In most cases, the subject of an active verb is notexpressed in the corresponding passive sentence. Ifit does have to be expressed, this usually happens inan expression with ‘by’; the noun is called the ‘agent.For example,

This house was built in 1980 by my Father.

In a passive clause, we usually use ‘by’ to introducethe agent – the person or thing that does the action,or that causes what happens. (Note, however, thatagents are mentioned in only about 20 per cent ofpassive clauses.) For example,

All the trouble was caused by your mother.These carpets are made by children who work twelvehours a day.

The passive of an active tense is formed by puttingthe verb ‘to be’ into the same tense as the active verband adding the past participle (V3)of the active verb.You would do well to look at the table of active tensesand their passive equivalents.Tense/Verb form Active Voice Passive VoicePresent simple keep/ am/is/

keeps are keptPresent continuous am/is/ am/is/

are keeping are being keptPresent perfect has/ has/have

have kept been keptPast simple kept was/

were keptPast perfect had kept had been keptPast continuous was/ was/were

were keeping being keptFuture simple will keep will be keptFuture perfect will have kept will have

been keptModal verb may keep may be keptNote: Future Continuous (progressive) passives (willbe being + past participle) and perfect progressivepassives (has been being + past participle) are unusual.Confusing Forms

Students often confuse active and passive verbforms in English. Typical mistakes are given below:

1. I was very interesting in the lesson. (Incorrect)I was very interested in the lesson. (Correct)

2 . We were questioning by the immigration officer.(Incorrect)We were questioned by the immigration officer.(Ccorrect)

3. She has put in prison for life. (Incorrect)She has been put in prison for life. (Correct)

Mistakes like these are not surprising, because(a) ‘Be’ is used to make both passive verb forms

and active progressive tenses.(b) Past participles are used to make both passive

verb forms and active perfect tenses. Nowcompare the following:

He was calling. (Active – past progressive)He was called. (Passive – past simple)He has called. (Active – present perfect)

We have different rules for conversion of the verb ofactive sentences into passive form. Here they are:

Rule 1Present Indefinite TenseSubject+am/is/are+V3+by/Preposition+ObjectFor example,

Active PassiveI sip tea. Tea is sipped by me.I help the poor. The poor are helped by me.He helps me. I am helped by him.

Rule 2Present Continuous TenseSubject+am/is/are+being+V3+by+ObjectFor examples,

Active PassiveI am eating a mango. A mango is being eaten by me.He is singing a song. A song is being sung by him.He is teaching me. I am being taught by him.He is abusing them. They are being abused by him.

Rule 3Present Perfect TenseSubject+has/have+been+V3+by+ObjectFor example,

Active PassiveHe has done this work. This work has been done by him.She has helped them. They have been helped by her.

Rule 4Past Indefinite TenseSubject+was/were+V3+ObjectFor example,

Active PassiveHe wrote an essay. An essay was written by him.He wrote several novels. Several novels were written by him.

Rule 5Past Continuous TenseSubject+was/were+being+V3+by+ObjectFor example,Active PassiveHe was writing an appli- An application was beingcation. written by him.They were singing folk Folk songs were being sungsongs. by them.

English Language and Comprehension 161Voice

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Rule 6Past Perfect TenseSubject+had been+V3+by+ObjectFor example,

Active PassiveI had purchased a A scooter had been pur-scooter. chased by me.They had invited me. I had been invited by them.

Rule 7Future Indefinite TenseSubject+shall/will+be+V3+by+ObjectFor example,

Active PassiveI shall help Ravi. Ravi will be helped by me.He will feed me. I shall be fed by him.

Rule 8Future Perfect TenseSubject+shall/will+have been+V3+by+ObjectFor example,

Active PassiveI shall have helped him. He will have been helped by me.He will have taught me. I shall have been taught by him.Note: The passive voice of the following four tenses

though possible, is hardly ever used:(i) Present Perfect Continuous(ii) Past Perfect Continuous(iii) Future Continuous(iv) Future Perfect ContinuousThese four forms of verbs are not put into thepassive voice, in order to avoid awkwardconstruction like these:modal+be+being/been+being+verbFor example,

Active PassiveSomeone will be teach- They will be beinging them grammar. taught grammar.Some has been teach- They have been beinging them grammar. taught grammer.The use of double be(be+being/been+being)makes a construction extremely awkward, so itis always avoided.

Rule 9Verb ‘to be’Subject+Auxiliary Verb (is/am/are/was/were etc.)+to be+V3+by+ObjectFor example,

Active PassiveHe is to invite me. I am to be invited by him.There is nothing to do. There is nothing to be

done.They are to sell the house. The house is to be sold by

them.They were to play the The match was to be playedmatch. by them.

Rule 10Verb ‘to have’Subject+has/have/had+to be+V3+by+ObjectFor example,

Active PassiveYou have to teach him. He has to be taught by you.He has to feed the beggars. The beggars have to be fed

by him.She had to help me. I had to be helped by her.

Rule 11Sentences having may/can/could/should/must/etc+VerbSubject+may/can/could+be+V3+by+ObjectFor example,

Active PassiveHe can teach you. You can be taught (by him).She may win the match. The match may be won (by

her).He could fry fish. Fish could be fried (by him).I must help her. She must be helped (by me).I should please her. She should be pleased (by

me).

Rule 12Sentences having Verb+Preposition+ObjectSubject+Auxiliary Verb+V3+Preposition+by+ObjectFor example,

Active PassiveI will look after you well. You will be well-looked after.She looks after the child. The child is looked after by

her.The police enquired into This case was enquired into.this case.

Rule 13Passive of InfinitivesIf the active sentence contains infinitive (to+verb),its passive will be: Subject+to be+V3For example,

Active PassiveThere is nothing to read. There is nothing to be read.He is a man to rely on. He is a man to be relied on.We have nothing to worry We have nothing to beabout. worried about.Note: Infinitive without to (bare infinitive) of the

active voice becomes an infinitive with to (fullinfinitive) in the passive voice. For example,

Active PassiveWe made her sing. She was made to sing.He saw a mango fall. A mango was seen to fall.They made me laugh. I was made to laugh.He saw the camel. The camel was seen tocross the road. cross the road.But ‘let’ does not take a full infinitive (ieinfinitive with ‘to’) even in the passive voice.For example,

Active PassiveWe let him go. He was let go. (not, let to go)


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Rule 14Dummy “it”If the active sentence starts with ‘People think/acknowledge/know/consider/understand/believe/find/say/report/claim....that he is’, it can be changedinto passive form in two different ways.(i) Use the dummy subject “it”.

It was thought..... It was written.....It was said..... It was declared.....

(ii) The subject of the noun clause in the activesentence is used as the subject of the passive form.Besides this ‘to’ is used.(iii) ‘People say’ is replaced by ‘It is said’.For example,

People believed that the earth was flat. (active)The earth was believed to be flat. (passive)It was believed that the earth was flat. (passive)

Active PassivePeople say that he is (a) It is said that he is miser.miser.

(b) He is said to be miser.People thought that Mr (a) It was thought that Mr RaviRavi was honest to a pie. was honest to a pie.

(b) Mr Ravi was thought to behonest to a pie.

Rule 15Verbs with two objectsIf the active sentence contains two objects (one directobject and the other, indirect) we can change it intothe passive form by making either of the two objectsthe subject, considering which of the two objects isto be given prominence. Usually the indirect object ofthe active sentence is made the subject of the passivesentence. For example,

Active PassiveHe handed her a book. (a) A book was handed to her

(b) She was handed a book.Our grandmother told us (a) We were told us by ourstories. grandmother.

(b) Stories were told us by our grandmother.

The examiner will award (a) You will be awarded goodyou good marks. marks by the examiner.

(b) Good marks will be awarded to you by the examiner.

The bodyguard refused (a) Admittance was refusedhim admittance. him by the bodyguard.

(b) He was refused admittance by the bodyguard.

Rule 16Passive of CommandsIf the active sentence is imperative, it can be changedinto passive form in four ways:(i ) If the imperative sentence denotes command, the

passive form will start with ‘Let’. Let+Subject+be+V3For example,

Active PassiveOpen the door. Let the door be opened.Switch off the light. Let the light be switched off.Close the window. Let the window be closed.Call the waiter on duty. Let the waiter on duty be

called.Tell her to wait here. Let her be told to wait here.Give the order to open Let the order to open fire befire. given.Close all the gates at Let all the gates be closed atonce. once.Note: (a) A passive imperative begins with ‘let ’,

followed by the object in the active.(b) The imperative verb becomes be+past

participle (V3).(ii) If the imperative sentence denotes advice, its

passive form will be like this: Subject+Should+be+V3For example,

Active PassiveSpeak the truth. Truth should be spoken.Love the children. The children should be loved.Help the needy. The needy should be helped.Take medicine on time. Medicine should be taken on

time.Help the poor. The poor should be helped.Obey your teachers. Teachers must be obeyed.Note: (a) The object of the imperative verb becomes

the subject in the passive.(b) The imperative verb becomes should/

must+be+past participle (V3).(iii) If the active sentence contains Please/Kindly,its passive form will start with ‘You are requestedto’. ‘Please’ and ‘Kindly’ should be dropped.For example,

Active PassiveKindly read this news You are requested to readitem. this news item.Please lend me rupees You are requested to lendfive hundred. me rupees five hundred.Please sit down. You are requested to sit

down.Come in, please. You are requested to come

in.Note: (a) When the imperative verb has two objects

either of them can be made the subject inthe passive.

(b) The negative form requires ‘not to’. Forexample,You are requested not to smoke in here. (not, tonot smoke)

(c) Please/Kindly is placed between ‘may’ and‘be’.Leave may please/kindly be granted. (not,may be please/kindly granted)For example,

Active PassivePlease do not smoke in here. You are requested not to

smoke in here.(not, to not smoke)

Please give me some more (a) Some more time maytime. please be given to me.

(b) I may please be given some more time.


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Kindly grant me a week’s (a) A week’s leave mayleave. kindly be granted to me.

(b) I may kindly be granted a week’s leave.

(iv) Imperative : Indirect command/request(a) The object of the verb (reporting verb) becomes

the subject.(b) The verb is changed to ‘be+past participle’.(c) The infinitive remains unchanged.

For example,Active Passive

He asked me to make tea I was asked to make tea.She requested him to give He was requested to give hersome money. some money.I requested them not to They were requested not tomake noise. make noise.He advised me to take I was advised to take somesome exercise. exercise.

Rule 17Passive of Yes-No QuestionsThe question beginning with Do/Does/Did/Am/Is/Are/was/Were/Has/Have/Had are called yes-noquestions. If the active sentence contains yes-noquestion, we can change it into the passive form inthe ways noted below:(i ) If the active sentence starts with Do/Does/Did,

the form of passive setnence will be: Am/Is/Are/Was/Were+V3


Does he play tennis? Is tennis played by him?Do they feed the poor? Are the poor fed by them?Did you abuse him? Was he abused by you?(ii) If the question in the active sentence begins with

Has/Have/Had, its passive form will be like this:Has/Have/Had+been+V3For example,

Active PassiveHas Dinesh beaten you? Have you been beaten by

Dinesh?Have they won the match? Has the match been won by

them?Had he scored the win- Had the winning goal beenning goal? scored by him?

Rule 18Passive of questions with Modal VerbsIf the question in the active sentence starts withmodal verbs such as, Can/Could/Shall/Should/May/Might/Will/Would/Must/Ought etc, its passive formwill be like this: Modal Auxiliaries+be+V3For example,

Active PassiveCan we climb Mount Can Mount Everest be climbedEverest? by us?Will they help you? Will you be helped by them?Should he take the Should the examination beexamination? taken by him?Must you heckle him? Must he be heckled by you?

Rule 19Passive of Wh-questionsIf the question in the active sentence begins with aquestion word (What, When, Where, How, Why, Who,Which) the following steps be taken:(a) Change the wh-question into yes-no question.(b) The passive question should be placed first.Take, for example, these sentences:

Where did Gita buy the doll? (Active)Did Gita buy the doll? (Active)Where was the doll bought by Gita? (Passive)


When do they convene When is a meeting conveneda meeting? by them?Why do they shout Why are slogans shouted byslogans? them?How did he win the prize? How was the prize won by

him?What did he teach you? What were you taught by him?Who wrote ‘Macbeth’? Who was ‘Macbeth’ written

by? Or, By whom was‘Macbeth’ written?

What will satisfy you? What will you be satisfiedwith.

Rule 20There is/are etc+subject+transitive infinitive(a) the noun/pronoun placed after there is/was/were

in the active is the logical object, therefore itbehaves as the subject in the passive.

(b) to+infinitive becomes to be+past participle. For example,Active Passive

There is no time to lose. There is no time to be lost.There is no money to There is no money to be wasted.waste.

Rule 21Subject (vague)+transitive verb followed by aclause(i) Vague active subject is changed into ‘it’.(ii) verb is changed into is/was+past participle. Forexample,

Active PassivePeople believe..... It is believed.....They say..... It is said.....They hoped...... It was hoped.....People thought..... It was thought.....

Rule 22Complex Sentences: Principal clause+that+nounclause (object)

Active PassiveThey consider that she It is considered that sheis honest. is honest.People believe that dreams It is believed that dreamscome true. come true.They know that extremists It is known that the bridgeblew up the bridge. was blown up (by the

extremists).


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(a) subject of the principle clause is changed into‘it ’.

(b) that+noun clause remains unchanged if itdoes not contain verb+object: We know thatthe earth is round.

(c) that+noun clause is changed into the passiveconstruction if it contains verb+object.

Note: A complex sentence in the passive voice mayhave an alternative construction as well. For example,

Active PassiveThey consider that she She is considered honest.is honest.People believe that dreams Dreams are believed to comecome true. true.

(a) Subject of the noun clause is made a passivesubject.

(b) Subject of the principal clause is left out.(c) Verb of the principal clause is changed into

be + past participle.(d ) The noun clause changes to infinitival.

Rule 23Compound Sentences : More than one verb+object

Active PassiveThey draft applications Applications are drafted andand type them. typed.They type letters, seal Letters are typed, sealed andthem and post them. posted.They write books, print Books are written, printedthem and sell them. and sold.

(a) All the verbs with their object are put into thepassive voice. It is wrong to change oneverb+object into the passive form and leavethe rest in the active form because it wouldgive rise to a conjunction of dissimilarelements.They grow wheat and sell it.(not, Wheat is grown and sell it.)

(b) In the active voice all the verbs are used withtheir objects but in the passive voice the firstobject is made a passive subject and the restleft out.

Important Points to Remember(1) with+objectWhen the object of the active voice is a material/substance ‘with’ is used in the passive voice, insteadof ‘by’. For example,

(a) A handkerchief covered his eyes.His eyes were covered with a handkerchief. (not,by)

(b) Gas filled the kitchen.The kitchen was filled with gas. (not, by)

Note: by+object is used to indicate agent andwith+object to indicate means/instrument.

(2) Ellipsis of verb ‘be’When two or more passive verbs are used, verb ‘be’ isused in the first instance and ellipted (omitted) inthe rest. For example,

New programmes are being produced and beamedby the TV everyday.

(3) Get+past participle(a) I got dressed as quickly as possible.(b) Someone got hurt in the accident.(c) We got delayed because of the traffic jam.

(i ) ‘get’ can be used in certain contructions insteadof ‘be’.

(ii) not all past participles accept ‘get’ in place of‘be’. Some typical verbs which take ‘get’ in thepassive voice are, arrested, caught, confused,divorced, drunk, elected, engaged, killed, lost,married.

(4) Subject+verb+object prepositions other than‘by’(a) Your conduct surprises me.

I am surprised at you conduct.(b) This news alarmed us.

We were alarmed at the news.(c) These people know him well.

He is well-known to these people.(d ) Robert married Priyanka.

Priyanka was married to Robert.(e) Your case interests me.

I am interested in you case.An appropriate preposition other than ‘by’ is used inthis construction.(5) Some typical contexts for the passive:

(a) Formal notices and announcements:Passengers are requested to remain seated.Candidates are required to report 10 minutesbefore the commencement of the examination.

(b) Press reports:More people have been questioned and theconspiracy angle is being probed.

(c) Headlines, advertisements:Prime Minister assassinated.Computer prices slashed.

(d ) Scientific writing:5 gms of sodium nitrate is taken in a testtube and heated to 90O C, and then allowed tocool.

Illustrative ExerciseActive PassiveOne should keep one’s promises. Promises should be kept.They made him the Vice-chancellor of this univer-sity. He was made the Vice-chancellor of this university.Nelson defeated the French fleet. The French fleet was defeated by Nelson.Srikant scored a breezy century. A breezy century was scored by Srikant.


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Some body has switched the light off. The light has been switched off.Do not oppress the poor. The poor should not be oppressed.The girls were decorating the room. The room was being decorated by the girls.Where did Ramu sow those seeds? Where were those seeds sown by Ramu?People say that some ministers are involved It is said that some ministers are involved inin Bofors deal. Bofors deal.They should not doubt my sincerity. My sincerity should not be doubted.There was no time to lose. There was no time to be lost.Why did he pass such a filthy remark? Why was such a filthy remark passed by him?Please pull that man out of a trying situation. You are requested to pull that Man out of a trying

situation.Someone has picked my pocket. My pocket has been picked.It is time to take tea. It is time for tea to be taken.You cannot pump the ocean dry. The ocean cannot be pumped dry.We need suffcient money to complete this project. Sufficient money is needed to complete this project.What caused this accident? What was this accident caused by?We must obey our elders. Our elders must be obeyed.A truck ran over an old man. An old man was run over by a truck.He taught me how to dance. I was taught how to dance.We hope that they will succeed in their mission. It is hoped that they succeed in their mission.The news of his success pleased me. I was pleased with the news of his success.How do they roast meat? How is meat roasted.We must write to her. She must be written to.He made them work hard. They were made to work hard.We saw them go out. They were seen to go out.I remember my father taking me to the I remember being taken to the Salarjung MuseumSalarjung Museum. by my father.They called him a traitor. He was called a traitor.There is a lot of work to do. There is a lot of work to be done.Nobody can solve it. It cannnot be solved.Do it now or never. Let it be done now or never.Who wrote ‘Gulliver’s Who was ‘Gulliver’s Travels’Travels’? written by?Listen to me. I should be listened to.

Exercise-1Turn the following sentences from the ActiveVoice to the Passive Voice:(Note: The agent with by should be omitted in Nos.7,12,25,29,30,31,32,33,34, and 35).1. The cat killed the mouse.2. The man cut down the tree.3. Columbus discovered America.4. His teacher praised him.5. The boy teased the dog.6. The syce feeds the horse every day.7. The police arrested him.8. Rama was making a kite.9. The boy caught the ball.10. My father will write a letter.11. I will conquer him.12. He kept me waiting.

13. The hunter shot the lion.14. Hari opened the door.15. A policeman caught the thief.16. Sohrab threw the ball.17. He scored twenty runs.18. Your behavior vexes me19. Manners reveal character.20. He made a very remarkable discovery.21. Little strokes fell great oaks.22. Dhondu will bring the pony.23. Everyone loves him.24. My cousin has drawn this picture.25. We expect good news.26. The farmer gathers the harvest.27. His own brother swindled him28. The recitation pleased the inspector.


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29. Somebody has put out the light.30. The enemy have defeated our army31. They sell radios here.32. I have sold my bicycle.

33. People will soon forget it.34. They opened the theatre only last month.35. We prohibit smoking.

Exercise–2

Change the following sentences in the PassiveVoice:1. We saw you and him.2. They asked me my name3. We refused them admission.4. I bought the baby a doll.5. They found him guilty of murder.6. A thunderstorm often turns milk sour.7. You cannot pump the ocean dry.

8. They saw the storm approaching.9. He keeps me waiting.10. They painted the house red.11. He told me to leave the room.12. He promised me a present.13. I shall order the carriage.14. The boy is climbing the cliff.15. One may accomplish many things by a little effort.16. I am watching you very carefully.

Exercise-3

Rewrite the following sentences so that the Verbswill be in the Active Voice:1. He was praised by his father.2. The first railway was built by George Stephenson.3. The horse was frightened by the noise.4. Not a word was spoken by Latif.5. The teacher was pleased with the boy’s work.6. He was taken to the hospital by his friends.7. The town was destroyed by an earthquake.8. The road was lined with people.9. The Prince was written by the people.

10. Shakuntala was written by Kalidas.11. The building was damaged by the fire.12. I was struck by his singular appearance.13. Those cars were built by robots.14. The streets were thronged with spectators.15. The trees were blown down by the wind.16. We shall be blamed by everyone.17. The child was knocked down by a car.18. Alice was not much surprised at this.19. He will be greatly surprised if he is chosen.

Exercise-4

In the following sentences change the Voice:1. We elected Balu captain.2. I saw him opening the box.3. We must listen to his words.4. Shall I ever forget those happy days?5. By whom was this jug broken?6. His subordinates accused him of various

offences.7. One cannot gather grapes from thistles.8. The telegraph wires have been cut.9. Alas ! We shall hear his voice no more.10. The 1998 Asian Games were held in Bangkok,

Thailand.11. Without effort nothing can be gained.12. Do no insult the weak.13. All desire wealth and some acquire it.

14. Why should I be suspected by you?15. The information is kept on our computer.16. The legend tells us how the castle received its

name.17. My watch was lost.18. Why did he defraud you of your earnings ?19. The public will learn with astonishment that war

is imminent.20. He made his wife do the work.21. The master appointed him monitor.22. The doctor despaired of his recovery.23. He was refused admittance.24. They laughed at his warnings and objected to all

his proposals.25. The people regarded him as an impostor and

called him a villain.


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Exercise-5

Change the following sentences into the Passiveform (Omit the agent where possible).

1. Premchand wrote this novel.2. We admire the brave.3. I bought the baby a doll.4. They know me.5. He invited me to his house yesterday.6. They enjoy bathing.7. I opened the door.8. I read the book long ago.9. Pakistan expected to win the match.10. The master appointed him monitor.11. Who taught you such tricks as these ?12. Brutus accused Caesar of ambition.13. The boy is climbing the cliff.14. He taught me to read Persian.15. One expects better behaviour from a college

student.16. They showed a video of ‘The Titanic.’17. You must endure what you cannot cure.18. The curator of the museum showed us some

ancient coins.19. The King reviewed the troops in the maidan.20. They have pulled down the old house.21. The rules forbid passengers to cross the railway

line.22. He made his wife do the work.23. Nature teaches beasts to know their friends.24. All desire wealth and some acquire it.25. Lincoln emancipated four million African slaves.26. We expect good news.27. They propose to build a dam for irrigation

purposes.28. I offered him a chair.29. The French surrendered Quebec to the English

in 1759.30. He showed me the greatest respect.31. Alas ! we shall hear his voice no more.32. Shall I ever forget those happy days ?33. Do you not understand my meaning ?34. We must listen to his words.

Rewrite the following sentences in the Passiveform. (Omit the agent where possible.)1. Macbeth hoped to succeed Duncan.2. Who taught you Urdu?3. They found him guilty of murder.4. The King immediately gave orders that he should

be imprisoned.5. Somebody has put out the light.6. They laughed at his warnings and objected to all

his proposals.7. The Swiss regarded him as an impostor and called

him a villain.8. I have kept the money in the safe.

Exercise-69. He pretended to be a baron.10. His subordinates accused him of various

offences.11. I saw him opening the box.12. He ordered the police to pursue the thief.13. One cannot gathered grapes from thistles.14. You never hear of a happy millionaire.15. The public will learn with astonishment that war

is imminent.16. Did you never hear that name.?17. The legend tells us how the castle received its

name.18. Do not insult the weak.19. Why did he defraud you of your earnings ?

Exercise-7

Change the following sentences into the Activeform.1. The letter was written by the clerk.2. Without effort nothing can be gained.3. “Shakuntala” was written by Kalidas.4. I was struck by his singular appearance.5. He was seen by my brother.6. He was chosen leader.7. Honey is made by bees.8. The bird was killed by a cruel boy.

9. The steam-engine was invented by Watt.10. The mouse was killed by the cat.11. The boy was praised by the teacher.12. The exhibition was opened by the Prime Minister.13. By whom was this jug broken ?14. I was offered a chair.15. We shall be blamed by everyone.16. He will be gladdened by the sight.17. The telephone was invented by Alexander

Graham Bell.


K KUNDAN

18. My watch has been stolen.19. A king may be looked at by a cat.20. The telegraph wires have been cut.21. Harsh sentences were pronounced on the

offenders.22. This question will be discussed at the meeting

tomorrow.23. Why should I be suspected by you ?

24. Stones should not be thrown by those who livein glass houses.

25. He will be greatly surprised if he is chosen.26. The ship was set on fire and abandoned by the

crew.27. He was arrested on a charge of theft, but for

lack of evidence he was released.

Exercise-8

Put the sentences below into the passive voice:1. Tom kills a tiger.2. The peon opened the gate.3. Sita will write a letter.4. They are repairing the house.5. Abdul was cleaning the car.6. Moti has broken the window.7. Sita had made tea.8. She can win the prize.9. A doctor should see him.10. Our team could win the match.11. They must send a reply.12. We may finish the work soon.13. China attacked India in 1962.14. John kisses Mary.15. The mason is building the house.16. Rekha was writing a story.17. The boy will kick the ball.18. The postman has brought a telegram.19. People speak Hindi in Bihar.20. Someone stole my watch this morning.21. No one told me about it.22. They called him a fool.23. You can it away.24. Switch on the Jan.25. Inform the police.26. Let him do the work.27. Please help the poor girl.28. Kindly close the door.29. Take this medicine in time.30. Love the children.31. Has anyone asked this question?32. Did Rajeev help him?33. Does he like this pen?34. Do the boys buy the books?35. Will she do this work?36. Are you writing this story?37. Who did this?38. Who sent this parcel?39. Where did you buy this bag?40. When do you post the letter?41. What-did they; learn in the class?42. How do they; make ‘coffee?43. Why did Sita write such an essay?44. I am to sing a song.

45. He is to send a book.46. He has to sell the house.47. I have to teach English.48. There was no time to lose.49. There is a lot of work to do.50. We must write to him.51. You can rely upon his word.52. All the boys laughed at him.53. He found a house for him.54. This news pleased me.55. We know Mr Prasad.56. His work satisfied me.57. The results surprised him.58. You must look after the boy.59. He should take care of his brother.60. Nobody has slept in the bed for two days.61. Readers must ‘not’ read that book.62. Some members did not attend the meeting.63. Gopal gave me a book.64. Mr Roy teaches us history.65. He offered him a job.66. They awarded him the Nobel Prize in 1980.67. People say that there my be another world war.68. We hope that they will call off the strike.69. They say that there are living beings on Mars.70. Prepare yourself for the worst.71. He made us work.72. They let us go.73. We saw them go out.74. The police arrested the thief.75. Shah Jehan built the Taj Mahal.76. He taught me how to sing.77. The teacher permitted the boy to go and play.78. Nobody can do it.79. A car ran over the dog.80. Give the order.81. Who wrote Hamlet?82. We can play with the dog.83. You must write to the Principal.84. The police inquired into the accident.85. Animals cannot make tools.86. We drove him out of the house.87. We need six camels for our work.88. The shepherd has lost six sheep.89. God will bless good men.


K KUNDAN

90. Some boys were flying kites.91. Who broke the window?92. Have you shut the door?93. Why did your sister give such a rude reply?94. Who taught her French?95. One should keep one’s promises.96. They told us to walk on the left.97. Give the order.98. Shut all the doors.99. They refused him admission.100. Someone has cut the telegraph wires.

101. Do it now.102. Who broke the window?103. You must shut the doors.104. Did you ever hear such a story?105. Listen to me.106. Someone has picked my pocket.107. The people elected him Mayor.108. We must write to him.109. What caused this crack?110. I remember my father taking me to the zoo.

Exercise-9Directions: The sentences have been given

in Active/ Passive voice. From the givenalternatives, choose the one which best expressesthe given sentence in Passive/Active voice andmark it in the Answer Sheet.1. I don't like people keeping me waiting.

a) I don't like people are kept me waiting.b) I don't like people were kept me waitingc) I don't like being kept waitingd) I don't like people are being kept waiting

2. Has a dog ever bitten you?a) Has a dog ever bites you?b) Have you ever been bitten by a dog?c) You are bitten by a dog?d) Have you ever being bitten by a dog?

3. They will ask you a lot of questions at theinterview.a) You will be asked a lot of questions at the

interviewb) You are asked a lot of questions at the

interviewc) You are being asked a lot of questions at the

interviewd) You were being asked a lot of questions at

the interview4. Our colleague was given a gift when she retired.

a) Our colleague gave us a gift when she retired.b) Our colleague was given a gift by us when she

retired.c) A gift was given to our colleague when she

retired.d) We gave our colleague a gift when she retired.

5. The thief climbed over the wall without beingseen.a) The wall was climbed over by the thief without

being seen.b) The thief was climbed over the wall without

being seen.c) Without being seen, the thief climbed over

the wall.d) The thief climbed over the wall without any

one seeing him.6. The smugglers did not realise that their

conversation was being recorded.

a) The smugglers did not realise that some onewas recording their conversation.

b) Someone did not realise that the smugglerswere recording their conversation.

c) It was not realised by the smugglers that theirconversation was being recorded.

d) The smugglers recorded their conversationwithout realising.

7. The principal kept the staff members waiting.a) The staff members are kept waiting for the

principal.b) The staff members were kept waiting by the

principal.c) The staff members were waiting for the

principal.d) The staff members were being kept waiting by

the principal.8. Who taught you grammar?

a) By whom you were taught grammar?b) By whom were you taught grammar?c) By whom was grammar you taught?d) By whom were grammar taught to you?

9. The king gave him a reward.a) He was given by the king a reward.b) He was given the reward by a king.c) He was given a reward by the king.d) A reward was given by him to the king.

10. He teaches us grammar.a) Grammar was taught to us by him.b) We are taught grammar by him.c) We were teached grammar by him.d) Grammar will be teached to us by him.

11. Don’t speak until someone speaks to you.a) Don’t speak until you are spoken to.b) Don’t speak until someone is spoken to.c) Don’t speak until you have been spoken to.d) Don’t speak until someone has been spoken to.

12. Did the noise frighten you?a) Did you frighten the noise?b) Was the noise frightened by you?c) Were you frightened by the noise?d) Were you frighten by the noise?

13. We are reaching the end of this exercise.a) This exercise is ended by us.b) The end of this exercise is being reached by us.


K KUNDAN

c) This is our end to the exercise.d) This exercise has reached its end by us.

14. I expect you to complete this work before sunset.a) I expect you to be completed this work before

sunset.b) I am expected you to complete this work before

sunset.c) You are expected to complete this work before

sunset.d) You are expected to be completed this work

before sunset.15. The storm did much damage.

a) Much damage was done by the storm.b) The storm damaged much.c) Much damage did the storm.d) The storm was damaged.

16. Why haven’t they allowed you to go?a) Why you haven’t been allowed to go?b) Why haven’t you been allowed to go?c) Why were you not allowed to go?d) Why you were not allowed to go?

17. I expected him to give us financial aid.a) It was expected of him to give us financial

aid.b) Let it be expected that he would give us

financial aid.c) It was expected by me that he will give us

financial aid.d) He may be expected to give us financial aid.

18. Tobacco manufacturers are making considerableefforts to gain new clients.a) Considerable efforts are being made by tobacco

manufacturers to gain new clients.b) Considerable efforts were being made by

tobacco manufacturers to gain new clients.c) Considerable efforts are made by tobacco

manufacturers to gain new clients.d) To gain new clients by tobacco manufacturers

considerable efforts are being made.19. Has anybody done all the work?

a) Have all the work been done by somebody?b) Somebody has done all the work.c) The work has been done by somebody.d) Has all the work been done by somebody?

20. Cigarette smoking causes two million deathsannually in the industrial states.a) Cigarette smoking has been causing two

million deaths annually in the industrialstates.

b) Two million deaths are caused annually bycigarette smoking in the industrial states.

c) Two million deaths are being caused bycigarette smoking annually in the industrialstates.

d) Two million deaths have been caused annuallyby cigarette smoking in the industrial states.

21. They pick the fresh flowers every morning.a) The fresh flowers are picked every morning by

them.

b) The flowers are fresh and picked every morningby them.

c) The flowers are picked fresh every morning bythem.

d) The picked flowers are fresh every morning bythem.

22. Everyone looked up to him.a) He was looked up to by everyone.b) He was looked up to by everyone.c) He is looked up by everyone.d) He looks up by everyone.

23. Tell him to get out of our house.a) He is told to get out of our house.b) Let him be told to get out of our house.c) He might be told to get out of our house.d) He should be told that he may get out of our

house.24. Those who worked hard seldom obtained good

marks.a) Good marks were seldom being obtained by

those who worked hard.b) Good marks are seldom obtained by those who

worked hard.c) Seldom had good marks been obtained by

those who worked hard.d) Good marks were seldom obtained by those

who worked hard.25. Has the price-rise affected all the people?

a) Have all the people been affected by the price-rise?

b))Are all the people being affected by the price-rise?

c) Had all the people being affected by the price-rise?

d) Are all the people affected by the price-rise?26. This train carries goods from Delhi to Bombay.

a) This train is carried by goods from Delhi toBombay.

b) The goods carry this train from Delhi toBombay.

c) Goods are carried by this train from Delhi toBombay.

d) The train carried the goods from Delhi toBombay.

27. The news of the success of a poor candidate inthe elections surprised him.a) He was surprised by the news of the success

of a poor candidate in the elections.b))He was surprised with the news of the

success of a poor candidate in the elections.c) He was surprised as a result of the news of

the success of a poor candidate in theelections.

d) He was surprised at the news of the successof a poor candidate in the elections.

28. Finish the work in time.a) Let the work be finished in time.b) Let the work be finished in time by us.


K KUNDAN

c) Let the work be finished by him in time.d) Let me finish the work in time.

29. God helps those who help themselves.a) Those who help themselves must be helped

by God.b) Those who help themselves are helped by God.c) Let those who help themselves are helped by

God.d) Let those who help themselves be helped by

God.30. Can you recite this poem?

a) This poem can be recited by you.b) You are requested to recite this poem.c) Would this poem be recited by you?d) Can this poem be recited by you?

31. They first sun-dried the garbage for one to threedays to bring down the moisture level.a) The moisture level was brought down by sun-

drying the garbage for one to three days.b) One to three days of sun-drying brought down

the moisture level of the garbage.c) The moisture level of the garbage came down

when it was sun-dried for one to three days.d) The garbage was first sundried for one to three

days to bring down the moisture level.32. Women like men to flatter them.

a) Men are liked by women to flatter them.b) Women like to be flattered by men.c) Women like that men should flatter them.d) Women are liked to be flattered by men.

33. What one must do, one must do properly?a) What must be done, must be done properly.b) It must be done properly what one must do.c) It must be done what one must do properly.d) One must do properly what has to be done.

34. Look at the poll results do they inspire hope?a) Let the poll results be looked-is hope inspired

by them?b) Let the poll results be looked at-has hope

been inspired by them?c) Let the poll results be looked at-is hope being

inspired by them?d) Let the poll results be looked at-is hope

inspired by them?35. It is your duty to make tea at eleven o'clock.

a) You are asked to make tea at eleven o'clock.b) You are required to make tea at eleven o'clock.c) You are supposed to make tea at eleven

o'clock.d) Tea is to be made by you at eleven o'clock.

36. He was congratulated by his teacher on hisbrilliant success in the recent examination.a) His teacher congratulated him on his brilliant

success in the recent examination.b) His teacher congratulated him for his success

in the examination.c) His teacher congratulated him on his success.d) His teacher congratulated him.

37. People speak English all over the world.a) English is spoken all over the world.b) English was spoken all over the world.c) English was spoken by people.d) English is spoken by people.

38. Who gave you permission to enter?a) By whom were you given permission to enter?b) By whom was you given permission to enter?c) By whom you were given permission to enter?d) By whom given you permission to enter?

39. The Principal has granted him a scholarship.a) A scholarship has granted to him by the

Principal.b) He has been granted a scholarship by the

Principal.c) He has granted a scholarship by the Principal.d) A scholarship was granted to him by the

Principal.40. Before festivals the shops are thronged with men,

women and children making various purchases.a) During festivals people throng the shops.b) Men, women and children throng the shops

before festivals making various purchases.c) Men, women and children make purchases

during festivals.d) The shops are thronged by people making

purchases.41. Do you understand what I mean?

a) What I mean is that understood by you?b) Was what I mean understood by you?c) Is what I mean understood by you?d) What I mean is understood by you?

42. Whom does he look for?a) He is looked after for whom?b) Who is looked after for him?c) Who is looked for by him?d) He is looked after by whom?

43. They say that you did that.a) You are told to do that.b) You are advised to do that.c) You did'that said by them.d) You are said to have done that.

44. I am doing sums.a) Sums are done by me.b) Sums are being done by me.c) I must be doing the sums.d) Sums must be done by me.

45. The noise of the traffic kept me awake.a) I was kept awake by the noise of the traffic.b) The traffic kept me awake by the noise.c) I kept myself awake due to the noise of the

traffic.d) I remained awake by the noise of the traffic.

46. This shirt cannot be worn by me any longer.a) I cannot wear this shirt any longer.b) Wearing of this shirt any longer is not

possible.c) This shirt is too worn out to be worn any

longer.d) This worn out shirt cannot be worn any longer.


K KUNDAN

47. A lion does not eat grass, however hungry hemay be.a) Grass is not eaten by a lion, however hungry

he may be.b) Grass is not being eaten by a lion, however

hungry he may be.c) Grass is eaten not by a lion, however hungry

he may be.d) Grass is being not eaten by a lion, however

hungry he may be.48. Someone saw him picking up a gun.

a) He was seen pick up a gun by someone.b) He was seen picking up a gun by someone.c) He was seen when he was picking up a gun.d) He was seen by someone pick a gun.

49. He was obliged to resign.a) He was made to resign.b) To resign was his obligation.c) Circumstances obliged him to resign.d) Resignation obliged him.

50. Why did you not agree to my proposal?a) Why was my proposal not agreed to?b) Why was my proposal not agreed by you?c) Why my proposal was not agreed to by you?d) Why was my proposal not agreed to by you?

51. Someone has lit the fire.a) The fire was lit by someone.b) You are requested to light the fire by someone.c) The fire has been lit by someone.d) The fire had been lit by someone.

52. You surprise me.a) I am to be surprised.b) You are surprised.c) I am surprised.d) Me is surprised.

53. The boys killed the snake with a stick.a) The snake was killed by the boys with a stick.b) A stick was killed by the boys with a snake.c) A snake with a stick was killed by the boys.d) A snake is killed by the boys with a stick.

54. Let me do this.a) Let us do this.b) This be done by me.c) Let this be done by me.d) Let I do this.

55. The tiger caught a fox.a) A fox has been caught by the tiger.b) A fox was caught by the tiger.c) A fox is caught by the tiger.d) A fox had been caught by the tiger.

56. The school was damaged by the earthquake whichcaused havoc to other buildings as well.a) The earthquake damaged the school and other

buildings.b) The earthquake damaged other buildings.c) The earthquake caused havoc to the school.d) The earthquake damaged the school besides

causing havoc to other buildings.

57. You don't need to wind this watch.a This watch need not be wound.b) This watch does not wind.c) This watch need not be wounded.d) This watch need not be winded up.

58. Has somebody broken the window?a) Have the window been broken?b) Had the window been broken by somebody?c) Has the window been broken by somebody?d) Has been the window broken?

59. The children are making a noise.a) A noise is made by the children.b) A noise is being made by the children.c) The children should be making a noise.d) A noise has been made by the children.

60. The child's shrill wail broke the silence.a) The silence was being broken by the child's

shrill wail.b) The child's shrill wail was broken by the

silence.c) The silence was broken by the child's shrill

wail.d) The silence was being broken by the child's

shrill wail.61. The cat is running after the rat.

a) The rat was being run after by the catb) The rat is being run after by the catc) The rat is run after by the catd) The cat is being run after by the rat

62. English is spoken all over the world.a) All over the world English speaksb) English speaks all over the world.c) The whole world speaks English.d) People speak English all over the world.

63. The boys elected Mohan captain.a) The boys were elected captain by Mohan.b) Mohan is elected captain by the boys.c) Mohan was elected captain by the boys.d) Mohan and the boys elected the captain.

64. They threw away the Rubbish.a) The Rubbish will be thrown away.b) The Rubbish was being thrown away.c) The Rubbish was thrown away.d) The Rubbish thrown away.

65. Let him see the picture.a) Let the picture be seen by him.b) The picture is seen by him.c) Let him the picture be seen.d) The picture is seen by him.

66. We all know that there is only one God.a) We are all known that there is only one God.b) It is known to us all that there is only one

God.c) We have all known that there is only one God.d) Only one God is known by us all.

67. The people elected him Mayor.a) Him was elected Mayor the people.b) He was elected Mayor by the people.


K KUNDAN

c) Mayor is elected by the people.d) He is elected by the people Mayor.

68. Don't laugh at me.a) Let me be laughed at.b) Let me be not laughed at.c) I am laughed at.d) Let me be not laughed.

69. I saw him leaving the house.a) Leaving the house he was seen by me.b) He was seen leaving the house by me.c) He had been seen leaving the house.d) He was seen to be leaving the house.

70. Someone pulled the bull violently.a) The bull had been pulled violently by someone.b) The bull was to be pulled violently by someone.c) The bull had been pulled violently.d) The bull was pulled violently.

71. The boy has rung the bell.a) The bell has been rung by the boy.b) The bell was being rung by the boy.c) The bell was rung by the boy.d) The bell has been being rung by the boy.

72. He likes people to call him Sir.a) He likes to be called Sir by people.b) He likes to be called Sir by people.c) He likes people who call him Sir.d) To call him Sir is liked by people.

73. We added up the money and found that it wascorrect.a) The money was added up and found to be

correct.b) Correct it was found and the money was added

up.c) The money added up by us and it was correctly

found.d) The money added up by us found it was correct.

74. The telegraph wires have been cut.a) Someone has been cut the telegraph wires.b) No one has cut the telegraph wires.c) The telegraph wires have cut someone.d) Someone has cut the telegraph wires.

75. Will she tell us the truth?a) Is the truth told to us by her?b) The truth will be told to us by her?c) Will the truth be told to us by her?d) Will the truth be told us by her?

76. Circumstances will oblige me to go.a) I will oblige the circumstances and go.b) I shall be obliged to go by the circumstances.c) Under the circumstances, I should go.d) I shall be obliged by the circumstances to go.

77. We waste much time on trifles.a) Much time was wasted on trifles.b) Much time will be wasted on trifles.c) Much time is wasted by us on trifles.d) Much time is wasted on trifles.

78. Mohan gave the beggar an old shirt.a) An old shirt was given to Mohan by the beggar.

b) An old shirt was given to the beggar by Mohan.c) The beggar was gave an old shirt by Mohan.d) An old shirt was gave to the beggar by Mohan.

79. They have made him a king.a) A king has been made by him.b) He was made a king by them.c) They have been made kings by him.d) He has been made a king by them.

80. Who taught you English?a) By whom English was taught to you?b) By whom you were taught English?c) By whom was English taught to you?d) By whom are you taught English?

81. The accountant took the money from thecustomer.a) The money is taken from the customer by the

accountant.b) The money was taken from the customer by

the accountant.c) The customer was taken the money by the

accountant.d) The money had been taken from the customer

by the accountant.82. The peon refused him admittance.

a) He was refused admittance by the peon.b) Admittance is refused to him by the peon.c) Admittance was refused by the peon to him.d) Admittance is refused him by the peon.

83. The reporter was interviewing the politicalleaders.a) The political leaders were being interviewed

by the reporter.b) The political leaders was being interviewed

by the reporter.c) The political leaders are being interviewed by

the reporter.d) The political leader is being interviewed by

the reporter.84. The beavers have built a perfect dam across the

stream.a) A perfect dam had been built by the beavers

across the stream.b) A perfect dam has been built by the beavers

across the stream.c) A perfect dam have been built by the beavers

across the stream.d) A perfect dam was being built by the beavers

across the stream.85. You should follow all the instructions carefully.

a) All the instructions are carefully followed byus.

b) All the instructions were carefully followedby us.

c) All the instructions should be carefullyfollowed by you.

d) All the instructions can be carefully followedby us.

86. We have already done the exercise.


K KUNDAN

a) Already, the exercise has been done by us.b) The exercise has already been done by us.c) The exercise had been already done by us.d) The exercise is already done by us.

87. The main skills we seek to develop includeanalysing, interpreting and evaluating ideas.a) The main skills sought by us to develop include

analysing, interpreting and evaluating ideas.b) The main skills sought to be developed by us

include analysing, interpreting and evaluatingideas.

c) The main skills that we are seeking to bedeveloped include analysing, interpreting andevaluating ideas.

d) The main skills include analysing, interpretingand evaluating ideas which are sought by usto develop.

88. Who can question Gandhi's integrity?a) By whom Gandhi's integrity can be

questioned?b) By whom can Gandhi's integrity be

questioned?c) Gandhi's integrity can be questioned by whom?d) Who could have questioned Gandhi's

integrity?89. He presented me a bouquet on my birthday.

a) A bouquet is presented to me on my birthdayby him.

b) I was presented on my birthday a bouquet byhim.

c) I was presented a bouquet on my birthday byhim.

d) I will be presented a bouquet on my birthdayby him.

90. This surface feels smooth.a) This surface is felt smooth.b) This surface is smooth when it is felt.c) This surface when felt is smooth.d) This surface is smooth as felt.

91. He asked me to finish the work in time.a) I was asked that I should finish the work in

time.b) He asked me that I should finish the work in

time.c) I was asked to finish the work in time.d) I was asked to finish the work in time by him.

92. Quinine tastes bitter.a) Quinine is bitter when it is tasted.b) Quinine is bitter tasted.c) The taste of quinine is bitter.d) Quinine is tasted bitter.

93. The vintage cars hold a special place in the heartsof their owners.a) A special place in the hearts of the vintage

car owners is held by them.b) A special place was held by the vintage cars

in the hearts of their owners.c) A special place is held by the vintage cars in

the hearts of their owners.

d) A special place is being held by the vintagecars in the hearts of their owners.

94. What amused you?a) What you are made to amuse by?b) By what are you being amused?c) By what were you amused?d) By what have you been amused?

95. Smoke and flames engulfed the area and maderescue operations difficult.a) The area was engulfed in smoke and flames

and made rescue operations difficult.b) The area was engulfed in smoke and flames

making rescue operations difficult.c) The area had been engulfed in smoke and

flames and made rescue operations difficult.d) The area was engulfed in smoke and flames

and rescue operations were made difficult.96. The dog was biting my sister’s shoes.

a) My sister’s shoes were being bitten by thedog.

b) My sister’s shoes were bitten by the dog.c) My sister’s shoes are being bitten by the dog.d) The dog bites my sister’s shoes.

97. They fly kites.a) Kites are flown by them.b) Kites are being flown by them.c) We should by flying kites.d) Should kites be flown by us.

98. You must do your duty.a) Your duty must be done by you.b) You must be doing duty.c) Your duty should have been done by you.d) You have done your duty.

99. Please walk to Terminal A.a) You are pleased to walk to Terminal Ab) You are walked please to Terminal Ac) You are requested to walk to Terminal Ad) You are walking to Terminal A, please

100. God bless you.a) May you be blessed by God.b) Let you be blessed by God.c) You should be blessed by God.d) You will be blessed by God.

101. It is time to take tea.a) It was time that tea was taken.b) It is time for tea to be taken.c) It is time that tea should be taken.d) It is time that tea had been taken.

102. The members should adhere to all the decisions.a) All the decisions should adhere to the

membersb) All the decisions adhered to the membersc) All the decisions should be adhered to by the

membersd) All should adhere to the decision of the

members103. His subordinates accused him of various

offences.


K KUNDAN

a) They accused him of various offencesb) It was accused by his subordinates that he

had done various offencesc) His subordinates accused that he had done

various offencesd) He was accused of various offences by his

subordinates104. Has someone made all the necessary

arrangements?a) Has all the necessary arrangements been

made by someone?b) Have the necessary arrangements been all

made by someone?c) Have all the necessary arrangements been

made by someone?d) All the necessary arrangements have been

made by one?105. We will know the outcome of these experiments

after six months.a) The outcome of these experiments will be

known after six months.b) The outcome will be known of these

experiments after six months.c) After six months, we will know the outcome

of these experiments.d) These experiments will have a known

outcome after six months.106. Mr Sen asked him a question.

a) He was asked a question Mr Sen.b) He was asked a question of Mr Sen.c) He was asked a question by Mr Sen.d) A question was being asked by Mr Sen.

107. The teacher punished the boys who had not donetheir home work.a) The boys who had not done their homework

had been punished by their teacher.b) The boys were punished by their teacher who

had not done their hone work.c) The boys who had not done their homework

were punished by the teacher.d) The boys who had not done their homework

were being punished by the teacher.108. They brought him home on a litter.

a) He was brought home by them on a litterb) A litter was brought home.c) He brought a litter home from them.d) He brought them home on a litter.

109. Your behaviour has greatly astonished me.a) I had been greatly astonished by your

behaviour.b) I am greatly astonished by your behaviour.c) I was greatly astonished by your behaviour.d) I have been greatly astonished by your

behaviour.110. The principal has granted to him a scholarshiip.

a) A scholarship has granted to him by thePrincipal.

b) He has been granted a scholarship by thePrincipal.

c) He has granted a scholarship by the Principal.d) A scholarship was granted to him by the

Principal.111. Somebody told me that there had been an

explosion in the Town Hall.a) I was told by somebody about the explosion

in the Town Hall.b) I was told about the explosion in the Town

Hall.c) I was informed that there was an explosion

in the Town Hall.d) I was told by somebody that there had been

an explosion in the Town Hall.112. Why should we be suspected by you?

a) Why should you suspect us?b) Why you should suspect us?c) Why do you suspect us?d) Why did you suspect us?

113. He wants someone to take photographs. Hewantsa) photographs to be taken by someone..b) photographs to have been taken.c) photographs are taken.d) photographs were taken.

114. Is he going to return the papers or not?Are the papersa) returned or not by him?b) to be returned by him or not?c) being returned by him or not?d) going to be returned by him or not?

115. It is a temptation to be resisted.a) One should resist such a temptation.b) One can resist such a temptation.c) One should resist a temptation.d) One has to resist such a temptation.

116. The wounded man was being helped by someboys.a) Some boys helped the wounded man.b) Some boys are helping the wounded man.c) Some boys were helping the wounded man.d) Some boys help the wounded man.

117. The detectives discovered the bomb on closeexamination.a) The bomb had been discovered by the

detectives on close examination.b) The bomb was discoverd by the dedectives on

close examination.c) The bomb was discovered by the close

examination of the detectives.d) The bomb was being discovered by the

detectives on close examination.118. The rumour must have been started by our

opponents.a) Our opponents must have been started this

rumour.b) Our opponents must have started this rumour.c) Our opponents must start this rumour.d) Our opponents started this rumour.


K KUNDAN

119. The Americans accorded the State guest a red-carpet welcome.a) A red-carpet welcome had been accorded to

the State guest by the Americans.b) A red-carpet welcome was accorded to the

State guest by the Americans.c) The State guest has been accorded a red-carpet

welcome by the Americans.d) The State guest was being accorded a red-

carpet welcome by the Americans.120. Previous climbers had cut steps in the ice and

fixed a rope.a) Steps were cut in the ice and a rope was fixed

by previous climbers.b) Steps have been cut in the ice and a rope

fixed by previous climbers.c) Steps had been cut in the ice and a rope was

fixed by previous climbers.d) Steps were cut in the ice and a rope was fixed.

121. What accounts for the popularity of Zee TV?a) By what is the popularity of Zee TV accounted

for?b) By what the popularity of Zee TV accounted

for?c) By what is the popularity of Zee TV to be

accounted for?d) By what the popularity of Zee TV is to be

accounted for?122. We should provide adequate drainage to prevent

water-logging.a) To prevent water-logging, we should provide

adequate draingage.b) Prevention of water-logging can be ensured

by provision of adequate drainage.c) Adequate drainage should be provided to

prevent water logging by us.d) Provision of adequate drainage will prevent

water-logging.123. They laughed at his warnings and objected to all

his proposalsa) His warnings were laughed at and all his

proposals were objected to.b) His warnings and all his proposals were

laughed at and objected to.c) His warnings were laughed at and his

proposals were objected.d) He was laughed at his warnings and objected

to all his proposals.124. Someone is spilling ink on the carpet

a) Ink is spilt on the carpet.b) The carpet is being spilt by ink.c) Ink is being spilt on the carpet by someone.d) Ink was being spilt on the carpet.

125. Have you shut the door?a) Has the door been shut by you?b) Have the door been shut by you?c) Has the door been shut?d) Have the door being shut by you?

126. Deepa swept the floor yesterday.a) The floor is swept by Deepa yesterday.b) The floor was swept by Deepa yesterday.c) The floor had been swept by Deepa yesterday.d) The floor was being swept by Deepa yesterday.

127. Meena should write a book.a) A book should have been written by Meena.b) A book shall be written by Meena.c) A book should be written by Meena.d) A book shall have been written by Meena.

128. Should we not obey our parents?a) Should our parents not be obeyed by us?b) Should our parents be not obeyed by us?c) Shall our parents not be obeyed by us?d) Shall our parents be not obeyed by us?

129. Women like men to flatter them.a) Men are liked by those women who flatter

themb) Women like to be flattered by men.c) Men flatters women and liked by themd) Flattering men are liked by women.

130. This unexpected news surprised me a great deal.a))I was surprised a great deal by this unexpected

news.b))I am surprised a great deal by this unexpected

news.c)) I have been surprised a great deal by this

unexpected news.d))I had been surprised a great deal by this

unexpected new .131. She is reading the book everyday.

a) The book is being read by her everyday.b) The book is read by her everyday.c) The book was read by her everyday.d) The book was being read by her everyday.

132. The students are decorating the stage for theannual day celebrations.a))The stage had been ̀ decorated by the students

for the annual day celebrations.b))The stage is being decorated by the students

for the annual day celebrations.c)) The stage was decorated by the students for

the annual day celebrations.d))The stage has been decorated by the students

for the annual day celebrations.133. India is evolving a new plan to control her

population.a))A new plan is evolved by India to control her

population.b))A new plan has been evolved by India to

control her population.c)) A new plan was being evolved to control her

population by India.d))A new plan is being evolved by India to control

her population.134. We found the lock broken last night.

a) The lock was found by us breaking last night.b) The lock was found by us broken last night.c) The lock was broken by us last night.


K KUNDAN

d) The broken lock we found last night.135. They should shoot the traitor dead.

a) The traitor should be shot at by them.b) The traitor should be shot them.c) The traitor should be shot dead by them.d) The traitor is shot by them.

136. Who inaugurated the fair?a) The fair was inaugurated by whom?b) The fair is inaugurated by who?c) By whom was the fair inaugurated?d) By who was the fair inaugurated?

137. Close the doors.a) Let the doors are closed.b) The doors are to be closed.c) Let the doors be closed.d) Allow the doors to close.

138. Nobody has answered my question.a) My question has been answered by somebody.b) My question has not been answered by

anybody.c) My question was not answered.d) My question remains unanswered.

139. The judge delivered the sentence at thecourtroom yesterday.a) The sentence been delivered yesterday by the

judge.b) The sentence was delivered by the judge at

the courtroom yesterday.c) The sentence was being delivered at the

courtroom yesterday by the judge.d) Yesterday the sentence had been delivered

at the courtroom by the judge.140. Shut all the doors and windows in the night.

a) Let all the doors and windows be shut in thenight.

b) All the doors and windows may be shut in thenight.

c) Let all the doors and windows remain shut inthe night.

d) All the doors and windows be shutted in thenight.

141. People use computers for various purposes.a) Computers are being used by people for

various purposes.b) Computers have been used by people far

various purposes.c) Computers are used by people for various

purposes.d) Computers will be used by people for various

purposes.142. The problem has been treated by numerous

experts.a) Numerous experts have been treating the

problem.b) Numerous experts have treated the problem.c) Numerous experts had been treating the

problem.d) Numerous experts treated the problem.

143. She always cooks delicious food.a) Delicious food is always cooked by her.b) Delicious food is always being cooked by her.c) Delicious food has been cooked by her.d) Delicious food was being cooked by her.

144. Mother gave him a little puppy.a) He was given a little puppy by mother.b) A little puppy was being given to him by mother.c) He had been given a little puppy by mother.d) A little puppy is given to him by his mother.

145. The company paid her a meagre salary.a) She was paid a meagre salary by the company.b) A meagre salary has been paid to her by the

company.c) She was being paid a meagre salary by the

company.d) A meagre salary was to be paid to her by the

company.146. Do not insult him.

a) Let he not be insulted.b) Let him not be insulted.c) Let not he be insulted.d) Let not him be insulted.

147. Sameer shut the door with a bang.a) The door was shut with a bang by Sameer.b) The door with a bang shut by Sameer.c) The door shut Sameer with a bang.d) The door had been shut with a bang by

Sameer.148. They have made a film based on this novel.

a) A film was based on this novel and made.b) A film have been made based on this novel.c) A film, based on this novel, has been made.d) A film has been based and made on this novel.

149. The people couldn’t move me to the hospital andthe doctor operated on me at home.a))I couldn’t be moved to the hospital and was

operated on at home.b))I couldn’t be moved to the hospital and I had

to be operated on at home.c)) I couldn’t be moved to the hospital and I was

operated at home by the doctor.d))I couldn’t be moved to the hospital by the

people and operated on at home.150. Why did he deprive you of the membership ?

a))Why you were deprived of the membership?b))Why were you deprived of his membership by

him ?c)) Why was he deprived of his membership ?d) Why were you deprived of your membership

by him ?151. The news has been brought to us by him.

a) He brought us the news.b) He has brought us the news.c) He was brought the news to us.d) We brought the news to him.


K KUNDAN

152. Not a word was spoken by the criminal in self-defence.a) The criminal spoke not a word in self-defence.b))The criminal in self-defence spoke no word.c) The criminal did not speak a word in self-

defence.d))The criminal spoke in self-defence not a word.

153. The agent had disclosed the secret before it wasevening.a))The secret was disclosed by the agent before

it was evening.b))The secret had disclosed by the agent before

it had been evening.c)) The secret had been disclosed by the agent

before it was evening.d))The secret was disclosed by the agent before

it had been evening.154. Surely the lost child must have been found by

now.a))Surely must have found the lost child by now.b))Surely someone must have found the lost

child by now.c)) Surely now must have found the lost child.d))Now must have found the lost child surely.

155. We serve hot meals till 10.30; guests can ordercoffee and sandwiches up to 11.30.a) Hot meals are serving till 10.30; coffee and

sandwiches are ordering by guests till 11.30.b))Hot meals are being served till 10.30; coffee

and sandwiches are being ordered till 11.30.c)) Hot meals are served till 10.30; coffee and

sandwiches may be ordered till 11.30.d) Hot meals will be served till 10.30; coffee and

sandwiches will be ordered up to 11.30.156. Lie face-down; stretch your arms in front.

a))You are face-down, arms are to beoutstretched.

b))You should be lying face-down, with armsoutstretched.

c)) You should be lying face down; lest armsstretch out.

d))Let face be down; let arms be stretched out.157. The Greeks expected to win the international

trophy.a))It was expected that the Greeks would win

the international trophy.b))The international trophy was expected to be

won by the Greeks.c)) It was expected that the Greeks will win the

international trophy.d))It was expected by the Greeks that they would

win the international trophy.158. Open the door.

a) The door must be opened.b) The door will be opened.c) The door is opened.d) Let the door be opened.

159. I did not trust anybody.a) Nobody was trusted by me.b) Anybody had been trusted by me.

c) Nobody would be trusted by me.d) Nobody has been trusted by me.

160. Did he remember the date and time?a) Are the date and time remembered by him?b) Was he remembering the date and time?c) Were the date and time remembered by him?d) Did the date and time be remembered by him?

161. The boys were digging a hole in the ground.a) A hole had been dug in the ground by the boys.b) In the ground, the boys dug a hole.c) A hole in the ground has been dug by the boys.d) A hole was being dug by the boys in the

ground.162. We must now deal with these problems.

a) These problems must now be dealt with byus.

b) These problems must now be dealing with byus.

c) These problems must now deal with by us.d) These problems are to be dealt with by us.

163. The audience loudly cheered the leader’s speech.a) The leader’s speech was loudly cheered by the

audience.b) The leader’s speech is loudly cheered by the

audience.c) The audience loudly cheered the leader for

his speech.d) The speech of the leader was loudly cheered

by the audience.164. Someone is following us.

a) We are followed by someone.b) We are being followed by someone.c) We were being followed by someone.d) We had been followed by someone.

165. He hasn’t slept in his bed.a) His bed hasn't been slept in.b) He had not been slept in his bed.c) His bed had been slept in.d) His bed had not been slept in.

166. I was recommended another lawyer.a) Somebody recommended another lawyer.b) Somebody recommended me to another lawyer.c) Somebody recommended me another lawyer.d) Somebody recommends me another lawyer.

167. Many a person has been saved from the man-eaters by these hunters.a) These hunters will save many a person from

the man-eaters.b) These hunters save many a person from the

man-eaters.c) These hunters saved many a person from the

man-eaters.d) These hunters have saved many a person from

the man-eaters.168. Must we cut this tree?

a) Must this tree will cut?b) Must this tree be cut?c) Must this tree was cut?d) Must this tree is cut?


K KUNDAN

169. You will be well looked after.a) They will look after you well.b) They can look after you well.c) They may look after you well.d) They shall look after you well.

170. Didn’t they tell you to be here by six o’ clock?a) Weren’t you told to be here by six o’clock?b) Haven’t they told you to be here by six o’clock?c) You were expected to be here by six o’clock.d) They expected you to be here by six o’clock.

171. Don’t touch this switch.a) This switch does not be touched.b) This switch must not be touched.c) This switch don’t be touched.d) This switch need not be touched.

172. One cannot gather grapes from thistles.a) Thistles cannot be gathered from grapes.b) Grapes cannot be gathered from thistles.c) Grapes and thistles cannot be gathered by

one.d) Grapes cannot be gathered by them.

173. They will have completed the work by the timewe get there.a) The work will be completed by the time we get

there.b) The work will have been completed by the time

we get there.c) The work will have completed by the time we

get there.d) The work will have been completed by the time

we have got there.174. You will have to pull down this skyscraper as

you have not complied with the town planningregulations.a) This skyscraper will have to be pulled down

as the town planning regulations have notbeen complied with.

b) This skyscraper will have to be pulled downby you as the town planning regulations havenot been complied by you.

c) This skyscraper will be pulled down as thetown planning regulations have not beencomplied with.

d) This skyscraper will have to be pulled downas the town planning regulations have notbeen complied.

175. He has written a poem which fascinateseveryone.a) A poem has been written by him which

fascinates everyone.b) Everyone is fascinated by the poem which has

been written by him.c) Poem written by him fascinates everyone.d) Everyone fascinates the poem which is written

by him.176. Will those happy days be ever forgotten by me ?

a) Will I ever forget those happy days ?b) Shall I ever forgot these happy days ?

c) Would I forget these happy days ?d) Ever shall I forget those happy days ?

177. You are requested to permit him.a) Please permit him.b) I request you to permit me.c) He requests to permit him.d) I plead you to permit him.

178. I have bought a new car.a) A new car was bought by me.b) A new car is bought by me.c) A new car has been bought by me.d) A new car had been bought by me.

179. Teachers might have given their students someconcessions.a) Their students might have given some

concessions to their teachers.b) Their students might be given some

concessions by their teachers.c) Their students might be giving some

concessions to their teachers.d) Students might have been given some

concessions by their teachers.180. You should not offer meat to vegetarians.

a) Vegetarians should not be offered meat.b) Meat should be offered to non-vegetarians.c) Vegetarians should not offer meat.d) You should offer no meat to non-vegetarians.

181. You must write off all those bad debts.a) You must be written off by all those bad debts.b) All those bad debts must be written off by

you.c) Write off all those bad debts !d) All those bad debts could be written off.

182. Are they receiving the chief guest at the station?a) Was the chief guest being received at the

station?b) Is the chief guest being received at the

station?c) Will they be received by the chief guest at the

station?d) Will the chief guest be received at the station?

183. We make butter from milk.a) Butter is make from milk by us.b) Butter is made from milk by us.c) Butter is make with milk by us.d) From milk butter is made by us.

184. I don't like people telling me what to do.a) I don't like being told what to do.b) People telling me what to do was not liked by

me.c) I do not like being told by the people.d) People don't like telling me what to do.

185. The meeting has been called off by the chairman.a) The chairman called off the meeting.b) The chairman has called off the meeting.c) The chairman is calling off the meeting.d) The chairman had called off the meeting.


K KUNDAN

186. The police arrested 200 students on theUniversity campus.a) 200 students had been arrested on the

University campus by the police.b) 200 students has been arrested by the police

on the University campus.c) 200 students were arrested by the police on

the University campus.d) 200 students are arrested on the University

campus by the police.187. Why do you like him so much?

a) Why has he been liked so much by you?b) Why was he liked by you so much?c) Why is he liked by you so much?d) Why he is liked by you so much?

188. The invitation cards will be sent today.a) They will sent the invitation cards today.b) They will have sent the invitation cards today.c) They will send the invitation cards today.d) They will be sending the invitation cards today.

189. She has baked several cakes for her friends.a) She has several cakes to be baked for her

friends.b) Her friends had several cakes baked by her.c) Several cakes have been baked by her for her

friends.d) Her friends baked several cakes for her.

190. We believe that God gives us misery.a) It was believed that God gave us misery.b) It has been believed that God gives us misery.c) It is believed that God gives us misery.d) It is a belief that God gives us misery.

191. A lot of saplings have been planted by the chiefguest.a) The chief guest is planting a lot of saplings.b) The chief guest has planted a lot of saplings.c) The chief guest have planted a lot of sapling.d) The chief guest has been planting a lot of

saplings.192. The Prime Minister has discussed the matter

with the other ministers.a) The matter was discussed by the Prime

Minister with the other ministers.b) The matter is discussed by the Prime Minister

with the other ministers.c) The matter had been discussed by the Prime

Minister with the other ministers.d) The matter has been discussed by the Prime

Minister with the other ministers.193. The Principal will meet the students this evening.

a) The students will be met by the Principal thisevening.

b) The students could be met by the Principalthis evening.

c) The students would be met by the Principalthis evening.

d) The students will be meeting the Principalthis evening.

194. The Chief Justice of India is appointed by thePresident.

a) The President of India appointed the ChiefJustice.

b) The President appoints the Chief Justice ofIndia.

c) The President appointed the Chief Justice ofIndia.

d) The appointment order of the Chief Justice ofIndia was given by the President.

195. A meeting was convened by the Principal.a) The Principal convened a meeting.b) The Principal was convening a meeting.c) The Principal has convened a meeting.d) The Principal is convening a meeting.

196. Someone has stolen my suitcase.a) My suitcase is stolen by someone.b) Someone has been stolen my suitcase.c) My suitcase has someone been stolen.d) My suitcase has been stolen by someone.

197. Anu is interviewing Radhika and Sarath Kumar.a) Radhika and Sarath Kumar are being

interviewed by Anu.b) Radhika and Sarath Kumar are interviewing

Anu.c) Radhika and Sarath Kumar were interviewed

by Anu.d) Radhika is being interviewed by Sarath Kumar

and Anu.198. Our task had been completed before sunset.

a) We completed our task before sunset.b) We have completed our task before sunset.c) We complete our task before sunset.d) We had completed our task before sunset.

199. The boy laughed at the beggar.a) The beggar was laughed by the boy.b) The beggar was being laughed by the boy.c) The beggar was being laughed at by the boy.d) The beggar was laughed at by the boy.

200. The government has launched a massive tribalwelfare programme in Jharkhand.a) A massive tribal welfare programme is

launched by the government in Jharkhand.b) A massive tribal welfare programme has been

launched by the government in Jharkhand.c) Jharkhand government has launched a

massive tribal welfare programme.d) The government in Jharkhand has launched

a massive tribal welfare programme.201. The boys were playing cricket.

a) Cricket had been played by the boys.b) Cricket has been played by the boys.c) Cricket was played by the boys.d) Cricket was being played by the boys.

202. They drew a circle in the morning.a) A circle was being drawn by them in the

morning.b) A circle was drawn by them in the morning.c) In the morning a circle have been drawn by

them.d) A circle has been drawing since morning


K KUNDAN

203. They will demolish the entire block.a) The entire block is being demolished.b) The block may be demolished entirely.c) The entire block will have to be demolished

by them.d) The entire block will be demolished by them.

204. The burglar destroyed several items in the room.Even the carpet has been torn.a) Several items destroyed in the room by the

burglar. Even the carpet he has torn.b) Several items in the room were destroyed by

the burglar. Even the carpet was torn.c) Including the carpet, several items in the room

have been torn by the burglar.d) The burglar, being destroyed several items in

the room, also carpet has torn.205. We must respect the elders.

a) The elders deserve respect from us.b) The elders must be respected.c) The elders must be respected by us.d) Respect the elders we must.

206. We have warned you.a) You have been warned.b) We have you warned.c) Warned you have been.d) Have you been warned.

207. Has anybody answered your question?a) Your question has been answered?b) Anybody has answered your question?c) Has your question been answered?d) Have you answered your question?

208. The shopkeeper lowered the prices.a) The prices lowered the shopkeeper.b) The prices were lowered by the shopkeeper.c) Down went the prices.d) The shopkeeper got down the prices.

209. One must keep one's promises.a) One's promises are kept.b) One's promises must kept.c) One's promises were kept.d) One's promises must be kept.

210. The government has not approved the new drugfor sale.a) The government approval for the sale of the

new drug has not been given.b) The new drug has not been approved for sale

by the government.c) For the sale of the new drug we have not been

given the approval.d) The new drug was not approved by the

government.211. They have published all the details of the

invention.a) All the details of the invention have been

published by them.b))The publication of the details of invention was

done by them.c)) All the details have been invented by the

publishers.d))All the inventions have been detailed by them

212. He teaches us grammar.a) Grammar was taught to us by him.b) We are taught grammar by him.c) Grammar will be taught to us by him.d) We were teached grammar by him.

213. The manager could not accept the union leader'sproposals.a))The union leader's proposals could not be

accepted by the manager.b))The union leader's proposals were not accepted

by the manager.c)) The union leader's proposals will not be

accepted by the manager.d))The union leader's proposals would not be

accepted by the manager.214. Prepare yourself for the worst.

a))You be prepared for the worst.b))The worst should be prepared by yourself.c)) Be prepared for the worst.d))For the worst, preparation should be made by

you.215. Please shut the door and go to sleep.

a))The door is to be shut and you are to go tosleep.

b))Let the door be shut and you be asleep.c)) You are requested to shut the door and go to

sleep.d))The door is to be shut and you are requested

to sleep.216. It is impossible to do this.

a) Doing this is impossible.b) This is impossible to be done.c) This must not be done.d) This can't be done.

217. We must take care of all living species on Earth.a))All living species on Earth are taken care of

by us.b))All living species on Earth must be taken care

of by us.c) All living species on Earth had been taken

care of by us.d) All living species on Earth will be taken care

of by us.218. People call him a fool.

a) He has been called a fool.b) He is called a fool by the people.c) The people have been calling him a fool.d) We all people have called him a fool.

219. It is being read by us.a) We are reading it.b) It will be read by us.c) We can read it.d) We have to read it.

220. He had committed a mistake.a) A mistake had committed by him.b) A mistake was committed by him.c) A mistake had been committed by him.d) A mistake has been committed by him.


K KUNDAN

221. The most useful training of my career was givento me by my boss.a) My boss has been giving me the most useful

training of my career.b) My boss gives me the most useful training.c) My boss is giving me the most useful training.d) My boss gave me the most useful training of

my career.222. We have decided to open a new branch

a) To open a new branch was decided by us.b) To be opened a new branch has been decided.c) It has been decided to open a new branch.d) It may be decided to open a new branch by us.

223. The loan will be sanctioned by the bank.a) The bank sanctioned the loan.b) The bank is going to sanction the loan.c) The bank would sanction the loan.d) The bank will sanction the loan.

224. Paint the windows.a) Windows should be painted.b) Let the windows be painted.c) Let be the windows painted.d) Windows are let to be painted.

225. The traitors should be shot dead.a) They should have shot the traitors dead.b) They shall shoot the traitors dead.c) They should shoot the traitors dead.d) They shot the traitors dead.

226. Rahul is teaching the children in the slum areas.a) The children in the slum areas are taught by

Rahulb) The children are taught by Rahul in the slum

areasc) In the slum areas the children are learning

from Rahul.d) The children in the slum areas are being

taught by Rahul.227. One cannot expect children to understand these

problems.a) Children cannot be expected to understand

these problems.b) Children to understand these problems

cannot be expected.c) Children cannot be expected to be understood

these problems.d) To understand these problems cannot be

expected from children by one.228. Why did she break the garden wall?

a) Why the garden wall was broken by her ?b) Why had the garden was been broken by her?c) Why was the garden wall broken by her?d) Why will the garden wall be broken by her?

229. The students were laughing at the old man.a) The old man was being laughed at by the

students.b) The old man was laughed at by the students.

c) The old man was being laughed by thestudents

d) The old man is laughing at the students.230. He admonished her for the error.

a) She was admonished by him for the error.b) She has been admonished by him for the error.c) She would be admonished by him for the error.d) She is admonished by him for the error.

231. Can we send this big parcel by air?a) Can this big parcel be sent by air?b) Can this big parcel sent by air?c) Could this big parcel be sent by air?d) Could this big parcel sent by us by air?

232. The boys saved many elders from drowning.a) Many elders are saved from drowning by the

boys.b) Many elders are being saved from drowning

by the boys.c) Many elders were saved from drowning by the

boys.d) Many elders have been saved from drowning

by the boys.233. We found him a good wife.

a) He was found a good wife by us.b) A good wife was found out by them.c) A good wife found him.d) A good wife was being found by us.

234. You will be taken care of by me.a) I will be taking care of you.b) I would take care of you.c) I will take care of you.d) I will being take care of you.

235. Promises should be kept.a) You must keep the promises.b) We must keep the promises.c) Keep the promises.d) One should keep the promises.

236. Circumstances forced him to resign his post.a) Circumstances make him to resign his post.b) He was forced to resign his post.c) He is forced to resign his post.d) He is forced and resigned his post.

237. He would have written this essay in time.a) The essay was written on time.b) This essay would have been written by him in

time.c) The essay was written by him in time.d) He wrote the essay on time.

238. When he left school, the text-books were putaside by him and were never reopened.a) After he left school, he put aside his textbooks

and they were never reopened.b) He put aside his textbooks when he left

school and never reopened them.c) He put aside his textbooks when he left

school and were never reopened by him.d) He put aside his textbooks as he left school

and never reopened.


K KUNDAN

239. A selfish person foists all his problemunfortunate friends.a) All the problems are foisted by a person on

his unfortunate friendb) Foisted on his unfortunate friend the

problems of a selfish person.c) All his problems are foisted unfortunate

friends by a selfish.d) All the problems are foisted unfortunate

friends by a selfish.240. End the war now!

a) Now must the war be ended.b) The war must be ended now.c) You must end the war now.d) Must the war be ended now.

241. I was constantly being asked for money.a) I was constantly asking for money.b) They constantly asked for money.c) I constantly asked them for money.d) They were constantly asking money.

242. How much a month are you paid?a) How much a month do you pay?b) In a month how much do you pay?c) How much a month do they pay you?d) How much a month do you pay them?

243. We should meet all our needs.a) Our needs should be met.b) All our needs are to be met by us.c) All our needs should be met by us.d) All of us should meet our needs.

244. The recently damaged roads are being repairedby them.a) They repaired the recently damaged roads.b) They have repaired the recently damaged

roads.c) They are repairing the recently damaged roads.d) The recently damaged roads were repaired by

them.245. A method has been devised by them to solve

this problem.a) They have devised a method to solve that

problem.b) They have devised a method to solve this

problem.c) They have solved the problem methodically.d) They have solved the problem by a method.

246. She cannot manage the situation.a) The situation cannot be managed by her.b) The situation is unmanageable for her.c) Her situation cannot be managed.d) Managing the situation is not possible by her.

247. The officer will convene a meeting of hissubordinates.a) His subordinates will be convened for a

meeting by the officer.b) The officer will convene his subordinates for a

meeting.c) The officer would convene a meeting of his

subordinates.d) A meeting of his subordinates will be convened

by the officer.

248.Our hosts treated us very kindly.a) We got kind treatment from our hosts.b) We were treated very kindly by our hosts.c) We were kindly treated by hosts.d) Our treatment was kind.

249.Who painted the wall ?a) By whom had the wall been painted ?b) By whom was the wall painted?c) By whom is the wall been painted ?d) By whom has the wall been painted ?

250. The ministry will have instructed the securityagencies.a) The security agencies will have been

instructed the ministry.b) The security agencies will have been

instructed by the ministry.c) The instructions were given by the ministry

to the security agencies.d) The instructions were taken by the security

agencies from the ministry.251. He was given the details of his uncle’s will by

the lawyer.a) His uncle’s will was given to him by his lawyer.b) The lawyer gave him the details of his uncle’s

will.c) His uncle’s will and its details were given by

the lawyer.d) The details of the will was given by his lawyer.

252. Your little boy broke my kitchen window thismorning.a) My kitchen window got broke by your little boy.b) This morning the kitchen window was broke

by your little boy.c) My little boy broke your kitchen window this

morning.d) My kitchen window was broken by your little

boy this morning.253. They are going to build a new airport near the

old one.a) A new airport going to be built near the old

one.b) A new airport is being built near the old one.c) A new airport will be built near the old one.d) A new airport is going to be built near the old

one.254.My watch can’t be repaired by anyone.

a) No one will repair my watch.b) No one can repair my watch.c) No one can’t repair my watch.d) No one will be able to repair my watch.

255. Rosemary was moved to tears at the sight of themiserable beggar.a) The sight of the miserable beggar moved

Rosemary to tears.b) The sight of the miserable beggar has moved

Rosemary to tears.c) The sight of the miserable beggar moves

Rosemary to tears.d) The sight of the miserable beggar had moved

Rosemary to tears.


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256. Could you pass the salt?a) Could the salt been passed?b) Could the salt be passed by anyone?c) Could the salt be past?d) Could the salt be passed?

257. Don’t subject the animals to cruelty.a) The animals are not to be subjected to cruelty.b) The animals shall not be subjected to cruelty.c) The animals will not be subjected to cruelty.d) The animals should not be subjected to

cruelty.258. Who asked you to draft this letter?

a) By who you are asked to draft this letter.b) By who have you been asked to draft this

letter.c) By whom were you asked to draft this letter?d) By whom you were asked to draft this letter.

259. They created such a fuss over a trivial matter.a) Such a fuss is being created over a trivial

matter.b) Such a fuss was created over a trivial matter.c) Such a fuss has been created over a trivial

matter.d) By them such a fuss has been created over a

trivial matter.260. The lightning caused a serious forest fire and

damaged many nearby houses.a) A serious forest fire has been caused by

lightning and many nearby houses have beendamaged.

b) A serious forest fire was caused by lightningand many houses are damaged.

c) A serious forest fire had been caused bylightning and many nearby houses had beendamaged.

d) A serious forest fire was caused by lightningand many nearby houses were damaged.

261. Today I accomplished my task successfully.a) Today my task is accomplished successfully.b) Today my task has been accomplished

successfully.c) Today my task accomplished successfully.d) Today my task was accomplished successfully.

262. Look ! They have painted the door.a) Look ! The door’s being painted.b) Look ! The door had been painted.c) Look ! The door has been painted.d) Look ! The door was painted.

263. She was advised 15 days’ rest after her surgery.a) The doctor was advised her 15 days’ rest after

her surgery.b) The doctor has advised her 15 days’ rest after

her surgery.c) The doctor advised her 15 days’ rest after her

surgery.d) The doctor had advised her 15 days’ rest after

her surgery.264. When did he return my books?

a) When were my books returned by him ?b) When will my books be returned by him ?c) When has he returned my books ?d) When are my books returned by him ?

265. We had to stop all other work to complete ourassignment.a) All other work has to be stopped by us to

complete our assignment.b) All other work had stopped by us to complete

our assignment.c) All other work had to be stopped by us to

complete our assignment.d) All other work was stopped by us to complete

our assignment.266. Gandhiji started the Quit India Movement in

1942.a) The Quit India Movement was started by

Gandhiji in 1942.b) The Quit India Movement was been started

by Gandhiji in 1942.c) The Quit India Movement had been started

by Gandhiji in 1942.d) The Quit India Movement started by Gandhiji

in 1942.267. One should avoid honking the horn

unnecessarily.a) Unnecessary honking of horn ought to be

avoided.b) Unnecessary honking of horn can be avoided.c) Unnecessary honking of horn should be

avoided.d) Unnecessary honking of horn must be

avoided.268. Gagan Narang and Vijay won bronze medals in

the London Olympics.a) Bronze medals won by Gagan Narang and Vijay

in the London Olympics.b) Bronze medals had been won by Gagan Narang

and Vijay in the London Olympics.c) Bronze medals were won by Gagan Narang and

Vijay in the London Olympics.d) Bronze medals have been won by Gagan

Narang and Vijay in the London Olympics.269. The modern means of communication have made

life so much easier.a) Life had been made so much easier by the

modern means of communication.b) Life is being so much easier by the modern

means of communication.c) Life has been made so much easier by the

modern means of communication.d) Life was made so much easier by the modern

means of communication.270. Thick clouds have overcast the sky.

a) The sky has been overcast by thick clouds.b) The sky overcast by thick. clouds.c) The sky is overcast by thick clouds.d) The sky is being overcast by thick clouds.


K KUNDAN

271. One should not give unsolicited advice.a) Unsolicited advice is not to be given.b) Unsolicited advice can’t be given.c) Unsolicited advice may not be given.d) Unsolicited advice should not be given.

272. The scheme permits investors to buy the sharesfrom foreign companies.a) Under the scheme the investors may be

permitted to buy shares from foreigncompanies.

b) Under the scheme the investors have beenpermitted to buy shares from foreigncompanies.

c) Under the scheme the investors are permittedto buy shares from foreign companies.

d) Under the scheme the investors werepermitted to buy shares from foreigncompanies.

273. Mona was writing a letter to her father.a) A letter was written to her father by Mona.b) A letter has been written to her father by

Mona.c) A letter was being written by Mona to her

father.d) A letter was written by Mona to her father.

274. He teaches us Grammar.a) Grammar is taught to us by him.b) We are being taught Grammar by him.c) Grammar is being taught us by him.d) We are taught Grammar by him.

275. Do you imitate others?a) Are others imitated by you?b) Are others being imitated by you?c) Were others being imitated by you?d) Have others been imitated by you?

276. I saw him conducting the rehearsal.a) He was seen conducting the rehearsal.b) I saw the rehearsal to be conducted by him.c) He was seen by me to conduct the

rehearsal.d) I saw the rehearsal being conducted by him.

277. Have the box broken.a) Have the broken box.b) Break the box.c) Get someone to break the box.d) They have broken the box.

278. His pocket has been picked.a) They have his pocket picked.b) Picking has been done to his pocket.c) Picked has been his pocket.d) Someone has picked his pocket.

279. The French surrendered Quebec to the Englishin 1759.a) Quebec was surrendered by the French to

the English in 1759.b) Quebec was surrendered to the English in

1759 by the French.c) The English were surrendered Quebec in 1759

by the French.d) Quebec was surrendered in 1759 by the French

to the English.

280.Someone gave her a bull dog.a) She was given a bull dog.b) A bull dog was given to her.c) She has been given a bull dog.d) She is being given a bull dog by someone.

281.A stone struck me on the head.a) I was struck by a stone on the head.b) My head was struck by a stone.c) I had been struck by a stone on the head.d) I was struck on the head by a stone.

282.You must look into this matter.a) This matter has been looked into by you.b) This matter may be looked into by you.c) This matter should be looked into by you.d) This matter into looked by you.

283.The Romans expected to conquer Carthage.a) Carthage was expected to be conquered by the

Romans.b) The Romans were expected to conquer

Carthage.(c) It was expected by the Romans that they

would conquer Carthage.d) The Romans expected to have conquered

Carthage.284. Rain disrupted the last day’s play between India

and Sri Lanka.a) The last day’s play of India and Sri Lanka was

disrupted by rain.b) India and Sri Lanka’s play of the last day was

disrupted by rain.c) The last day’s play between India and Sri

Lanka was disrupted by rain.d) The last day’s play between India and Sri

Lanka were disrupted by rain.285.My uncle promised me a present.

a) A present was promised by my uncle to me.b) I was promised a present by my uncle.c) I had been promised a present by my uncle.d) I was promised by my uncle a present.

286.Darjeeling grows tea.a) Tea grows in Darjeeling.b) Tea is grown in Darjeeling.c) Let the tea be grown in Darjeeling.d) Tea is being grown in Darjeeling.

287. He was arrested on a charge of theft, but forlack of evidence he was released.a) He was arrested on a charge of theft, but was

released for lack of evidence.b) The police arrested him on a charge of theft,

but for lack of evidence he was released.c) The police arrested him on a charge of theft,

but for lack of evidence released him.d) None of these

288.Please help me.a) You were requested to help me.b) You are being requested to help me.c) You are requested to help me.d) You have been requested to help me.


K KUNDAN

289. The residents celebrated the Independence Day.a) The Independence Day is celebrated by the

residents.b) The Independence Day was celebrated by the

residents.c) The Independence Day has been celebrated

by the residents.d) Celebration of Independence Day was done

by the residents.290. I know him.

a) He is known by me.b) He was known to me.c) He has been known by me.d) He is known to me.

291. They are building a house next door to our school.a) Next door to our school a house is being built

by them.b) Next door to our school is being built a house

by them.c) A house next door to our school is being built

by them.d) A house is being built by them next door to

our school.292. One should keep one’s promise.

a) One’s promise should be kept by us.b) One’s promise has to be kept.c) A promise should be keeping.d) A promise should be kept.

293. Who is creating this mess?a) Who has created this mess?b) By whom has this mess been created?c) By whom this mess is being created?d) By whom is this mess being created?

294. The clown was being laughed at by them.a) They were laughing at the clown.b) They were laughing on the clown.c) They laughed at the clown.d) The clown was laughed at by them.

295. I saw him leaving the house.a) He had been seen leaving the house.b) He was seen to be leaving the house.c) Leaving the house he was seen by me.d) He was seen leaving the house by me.

296. A lion may be helped even by a little mouse.a) A little mouse may even help a lion.b) Even a little mouse may help a lion.c) A little mouse can even help a lion.d) Even a little mouse ought to help a lion.

297. Who taught her such things?a) Who was she taught such things by?b) She was taught such things by who?c) By whom she was taught such things?d) By whom was she taught such things?

298. The noise of the traffic kept me awake.a) I remained awake by the noise of the traffic.b) I was kept waking by the noise of the traffic.c) I was kept awake by the noise of the traffic.d) The traffic kept me awake by the noise.

299. I remember my sister taking me to the museum.a) I remember taken to the museum by my sister.b) I remember myself being taken to the museum

by my sister.c) I remember I was taken to the museum by my

sister.d) I remember being taken to the museum by

my sister.300. Why do you waste time?

a) Why is time wasted by you?b) Why is time been wasted by you?c) Why has time been wasted by you?d) Why is time being wasted by you?

301. Who teaches you English?a) By whom were you taught English?b) By whom are you taught English?c) English is taught by whom?d) By whom will you be taught English?

302. We hope that we shall win the match.a) The match is hoped to be won.b) Match winning is our hope.c) It is hoped that the match will be won by us.d) Winning the match is hoped by us.

303. Somebody told me that there had been anexplosion in the Town Hall.a) I was told by somebody about the explosion

in the Town Hall.b) I was told about the explosion in the Town

Hall.c) I was informed that there was an explosion

in the Town Hall.d) I was told by somebody that there had been

an explosion in the Town Hall.304. It is time to ring the bell.

a) It is time the bell rings.b) It is being time to ring the bell.c) It is time for the bell to ring.d) It is time for the bell to be rung.

305. After driving Professor Kumar to the museumshe dropped him at his hotel.a) After she was driving Professor Kumar to the

museum she was dropping him at his hotel.b) After she had driven Professor Kumar to the

museum she had dropped him at his hotel.c) Professor Kumar was being driven to the

museum first, then he was being dropped athis hotel.

d) After being driven to the museum, ProfessorKumar was dropped at his hotel.

306. You will have finished this work by tomorrow.a) This work will have been finished tomorrow.b) This work will be finished by tomorrow.c) This work will finished tomorrow.d) This work will have been finished by tomorrow.

307. People claim to have seen the suspect in severalcities.a) The suspect is being seen in several cities.b) The suspect has been the people in several

cities.


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c) The suspect is claimed to have been seen inseveral cities.

d) The suspect was seen by people in severalcities.

308. The teacher punished the boys who had not donetheir homework.a) The boys who had not done their homework

had been punished by their teacher.b) The boys were punished by their teacher who

had not done their homework.c) The boys who had not done their homework

were punished by the teacher.d) The boys who had not done their homework

were being punished by the teacher.

Answers and explanations

Exercise–11. The mouse was killed by the cat.2 . The tree was cut down by the man.3. America was discovered by Columbus.4. He was praised by his teacher.5. The dog was teased by the boy.6. The horse is fed by the syce everyday.7. He was arrested.8. A kite was being made by Rama.9. The ball was caught by the boy.10. A letter will be written by my father.11. He will be conquered (by me).12. I was kept waiting.13. The lion was shot by the hunter.14. The door was opened by Hari.15. The thief was caught by a policeman.16. The ball was thrown by Sohrab.17. Twenty runs were scored by him.18. I am vexed by your behaviour.

19. Character is revealed by manners.20. A very remarkable discovery was made by him.21. Great oaks are felled by little strokes.22. The pony will be brought by Dhondu.23. He is loved by everyone.24. This picture has been drawn by my cousin.25. Good news is expected.26. The harvest is gathered by the farmer.27. He was swindled by his own brother.28. The inspector was pleased by the recitation.29. The light has been put out.30. Our army had been defeated.31. Radios are sold here.32. My bicycle has been sold.33. It will soon be forgotten.34. The theatre was opened only last month.35. Smoking is prohibited.

Exercise–21. You and he were seen by us.2 . I was asked by name. (or My name was asked me.)3. They were refused admission.4. The baby was bought a doll. (or A doll was bought

for the baby)5. He was found guilty of murder.6. Milk is often turned sour by a thunderstorm.7. The ocean cannot be pumped dry.8. The storm was seen approaching.

9. I am kept waiting.10. The house was painted red.11. I was told to leave the room.12. I was promised a present (or : A present was

promised me).13. The carriage will be ordered.14. The cliff is being climbed by the boy.15. Many things can be accomplished by a little effort.16. You are being watched carefully.

Exercise–31. His father praised him.2 . George Stephenson built the first railway.3. The noise frightened the horse.4. Latif did not speak a word. (or : Latif spoke not a

word).5. The boy’s work pleased the teacher.6. His friends took him to the hospital7. An earthquake destroyed the town.8. People lined the road.9. The people welcomed the President.

10. Kalidas wrote Shakuntala.11. The fire damaged the building.12. His singular appearance struck me.13. Robots built those cars.14. Spectators thronged the streets.15. The wind blew down the trees.16. Everyone will blame us.17. A car knocked down the child.18. This did not surprise Alice much.19. It will greatly surprise him if they choose him.

Exercise–41. Babu was elected captain2 . He was seen opening the box.3. His words must be listened to.4. Will those happy days ever be forgotten?5. Who broke this jug?6. He was accused of various offences by his

subordinates.7. Grapes cannot be gathered from thistles.8. Someone has cut off the telegraph wires.9. Alas ! his voice will be heard no more.10. They held the 1998 Asian Games in Bangkok,

Thailand.


K KUNDAN

11. Without effort we/one can gain nothing.12. Let not the weak be insulted.13. Wealth is desired by all and (is) acquired by some.14. Why should you suspect me?15. We keep the information on our computer.16. We are told by the legend how its name was received

by the castle.17. I lost my watch.18. Why were you defrauded of your earnings by him ?

19. It will be learned/learnt by the public withastonishment that war is imminent.

20. His wife was made to do the work (by him).21. He was appointed monitor.22. His recovery was despaired of by the doctor.23. They refused him admittance.24. His warnings were laughed at and all his proposals

(were) objected to.25. He was regarded as an impostor and called a villain.

Exercise–51. This novel was written by Premchand.2 . The brave are admired (by us).3. The baby was bought a ball (or : A ball was bought

for the baby).4. I am known to them.5. I was invited to his house yesterday.6. Bathing is enjoyed by them.7. The door was opened by them.8. The book was read by me long ago.9. It was expected by Pakistan that they would win

the match.10. He was appointed monitor.11. By whom were you taught such tricks as these ?12. Caesar was accused of ambition by Brutus.13. The cliff is being climbed by the boy.14. I was taught by him to read Persian.15. Better behaviour is expected from a college student.16. A video of ‘The Titanic’ was shown.17. What cannot be cured must be endured.18. The troops were reviewed by the General in the

maidan.

19. We were shown some ancient coins by the curatorof the museum. (or Some ancient coins were shownus by the curator of the museum).

20. The old house has been pulled down.21. Passengers are forbidden to cross the railway line.22. His wife was made to do the work,23. Beasts are taught by Nature to know their friends.24. Wealth is desired by all and acquired by some.25. Four million African slaves were emancipated by

Lincoln.26. Good news is expected.27. It is proposed to build a dam for irrigation purposes.28. He was offered a chair, (or : A chair was offered

him).29. Quebec was surrendered by the French to the

English in 1759.30. I was shown the greatest respect.31. Alas! his voice will be heard no more.32. Will those happy days be ever forgotten?33. Is my meaning understood?34. His words, must be listened to.

Exercise–61. It was hoped by Macbeth that he would succeed

Duncan.2 . Who were you taught Urdu by ? (Formal : By whom

were you taught Urdu)3. He was found guilty of murder.4. Orders that he should be imprisoned were

immediately given by the King.5. The light has been put out.6. His warnings were laughed at and all his proposals

(were) objected to.7. He was regarded as an impostor and called a villain

by the Swiss.8. The money has been kept in the safe.

9. It was pretended by him that he was a baron.10. He was accused of various offenses by his

subordinates.11. He was seen opening the box.12. The police were ordered to pursue the thief.13. Grapes cannot be gathered from thistles.14. A happy millionaire is never heard of.15. It will be learnt with astonishment that war is

imminent.16. Was that name never heard ?17. We are told how the castle received its name.18. Let not the weak be insulted.19. Why were you defrauded of your earnings ?

Exercise–71. The clerk wrote the letter.2 . Without effort one can gain nothing.3. Kalidas wrote “Shakuntala.”4. His singular appearance struck me.5. My brother saw him.6. They chose him leader.7. Bees make honey.8. A cruel boy killed the bird.9. Watt invented the steam-engine.10. The cat killed the mouse.11. The teacher praised the boy.12. The Prime Minister opened the Exhibition.13. Who broke this jug ?

14. They/he offered me a chair.15. Everyone will blame us.16. The sight will gladden him.17. Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone.18. Somebody has stolen my watch.19. A cat may look at the king.20. They have cut the telephone wires.21. They pronounced harsh sentences on the offenders.22. We will discuss this question at the meeting

tomorrow.23. Why should you suspect me ?24. Those who live in glass houses should not throw

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K KUNDAN

25. He will be greatly surprised if they choose him.26. The crew set the ship on fire and abandoned it.

Exercise–8

27. The police arrested him on a charge of theft, but forlack of evidence released him.

1. A tiger is killed by torn.2 . The gate was opened by the peon.3. A letter will be written by Sita.4. The house is being repaired by them.5. The car was being cleaned by Abdul.6. The window has been broken by Moti.7. Tea had been made by Sita.8. The prize can be won by her.9. He should be seen by a doctor.10. The match could be won by our team.11. A reply must be sent by them.12. The work may be finished soon.13. India was attacked by China in 1962.14. Mary is kissed by John.15. The house is being built by the mason.16. A story was being written by Rekha.17. The ball will be kicked by the boy.18. A telegram has been brought by the postman.19. Hindi is spoken in Bihar.20. My watch was stolen this morning.21. I was not told about it.22. He :was called a fool.23. It can be taken ;away by you.24. Let the fan be ^switched on.25. Let the police be informed.26. Let the work be done by him.27. You are requested to help the poor girl.28. You are requested to close the door.29. This medicine should be taken in time.30. The children should be loved.31. Has this question been asked by anyone?32. Was he helped by Rajeev?33. Is this pen liked by him?34. Are the books bought by the boys?35. Will this work be done by her?36. Is this story being written by you?37. By whom was this done?38. By whom was this parcel sent?39. Where was this; bag bought by you?40. When is the letter posted by you?41. What was learnt by them in the class?42. How is-coffee made?43. Why was such an: essay written by Sita?44. A song is to be sung by me.45. A book is to be sent by him.46. The house has to be sold by him.47. English has to be taught by me.48. There was no time to be lost.49. There is a lot of work to be done.50. He must be written to (by us).51. His word can be relied upon.52. He was laughed at by all the boys.53. A house was found for him.54. I was pleased with the news.55. Mr Prasad is known to us.56. I was satisfied with his work.57. He was surprised at the results.58. The boy must be Rooked after.

59. His brother should be taken care of.60. The bed has not been slept in for two days.61. That book must not be read.62. The meeting was not attended by some members.63. (a) I was given a book by Gopal.

(b) A book was given (to) me by Gopal.64. (a) We are taught history by Mr Roy.

(b) History is taught to us by Mr Roy.65. (a) He was offered a job.

(b) A job was offered him.66. (a) He was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1980.

(b) The Nobel Prize was awarded him in 1980.67. It is said that there may be another world war.68. It is hoped that they will call off the strike.69. It is said that there are living being on Mars.70. Be prepared for the worst.71. We were made to work.72. We were let go.73. They were seen to go out.74. The thief was arrested.75. The Taj Mahal was built by Shah Jehan.76. I was taught how to sing.77. The boy was permitted to go and play.78. It cannot be done.79. The dog was run over by a car.80. Let the order be given.81. (a) Who was ‘Hamlet’ written by?

(b) By whom was ‘Hamlet’ written?82. The dog can be played with.83. The Principal must be written to.84. The accident was enquired into.85. Tools cannot be made by animals.86. He was driven out of the house by us.87. Six camels are needed by us for our work.88. Six sheep have been lost by the shepherd.89. Good men will be blessed by God.90. Kites were being flown by some boys.91. By whom was the window broken?92. Has the door been shut by you?93. Why was such a rude reply given by your sister?94. (a) By whom was French taught her?

(b) By whom was she taught French?95. Promises should be kept.96. We were told to walk on the left.97. Let the order be given.98. Let all the doors be shut.99. He was refused admission.100. The telegraph wires have been cut.101. Let it be done now.102. By whom was the window broken?103. The doors must be shut.104. Was such a story ever heard by you?105. I should be listened to.106. My pocket has been picked107. He was elected Mayor.108. He must be written to.109. What was this crack caused by?110. I remember being taken to the zoo by my father.


K KUNDAN

Exercise-91. c 2. b 3. a 4. d 5. d6. c 7. b 8. b 9. c 10. b11. a 12. c 13. b 14. c 15. a16. b 17. a 18. a 19. d 20. b21. c 22. b 23. b 24. d 25. a26. c 27. d 28. a 29. b 30. d31. d 32. b 33. a 34. d 35. c36. a 37. a 38. a 39. b 40. b41. c 42. c 43. d 44. b 45. a46. a 47. a 48. b 49. a 50. d51. c 52. c 53. a 54. c 55. b56. a 57. d 58. c 59. b 60. c61. b 62. d 63. c 64. c 65. a66. b 67. b 68. b 69. b 70. d71. a 72. a 73. a 74. d 75. d76. d 77. c 78. b 79. d 80. c81. b 82. a 83. a 84. b 85. c86. b 87. b 88. b 89. c 90. a91. d 92. d 93. d 94. c 95. d96. a 97. a 98. a 99. c 100. a101. b 102. c 103. d 104. c 105. a106. c 107. c 108. a 109. d 110. b111. d 112. c 113. a 114. c 115. d116. c 117. b 118. b 119. b 120. c121. a 122. c 123. a 124. c 125. a126. b 127. c 128. a 129. b 130. a131. a 132. b 133. d 134. b 135. c136. c 137. c 138. b 139. b 140. a141. c 142. b 143. a 144. a 145. a146. b 147. a 148. d 149. a 150. d151. b 152. c 153. c 154. b 155. c

156. b 157. d 158. d 159. a 160. c161. d 162. a 163. a 164. b 165. b166. c 167. d 168. b 169. a 170. b171. b 172. b 173. b 174. b 175. c176. a 177. a 178. c 179. d 180. a181. d 182. b 183. b 184. a 185. b186. c 187. c 188. d 189. c 190. c191. b 192. d 193. c 194. b 195. a196. d 197. a 198. d 199. d 200. b201. d 202. b 203. d 204. b 205. c206. a 207. c 208. b 209. d 210. b211. a 212. b 213. a 214. c 215. c216. b 217. b 218. b 219. a 220. c221. d 222. c 223. d 224. b 225. c226. d 227. a 228. c 229. a 230. a231. a 232. c 233. a 234. a 235. d236. b 237. b 238. b 239. a 240. b241. d 242. c 243. c 244. c 245. b246. a 247. d 248. b 249. b 250. b251. b 252. d 253. d 254. b 255. a256. d 257. d 258. c 259. b 260. d261. d 262. c 263. c 264. a 265. c266. a 267. c 268. c 269. c 270. a271. d 272. c 273. c 274. d 275. a276. d 277. c 278. d 279. a 280. b281. d 282. c 283. c 284. c 285. b286. b 287. c 288. c 289. b 290. d291. d 292. d 293. d 294. a 295. d296. b 297. d 298. c 299. d 300. a301. b 302. c 303. d 304. d 305. d306. d 307. c 308. c

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