Summary ReportFragility Assessment in Timor-Leste

“Learning from the past and always try not to repeat terrible things,

We all should be together to bring our country move forward”

Produced by Fragility Assessment Team at Ministry of Finance

Dili, 26 February 2013

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Table of contents ..........................................................................................................................................1

Acknowledgement ........................................................................................................................................2

Introduction ..................................................................................................................................................3

Methodology.................................................................................................................................................4

Key Result......................................................................................................................................................5

PSG 1: Legitimate Politics..........................................................................................................................6

PSG 2: Security ..........................................................................................................................................9

PSG 3: Justice ..........................................................................................................................................12

PSG 4: Economic Foundation ..................................................................................................................16

PSG 5: Revenue and services ..................................................................................................................19

Annex 1: References ...................................................................................................................................22

Annex 2: List of Stakeholders involved in Assessment ...............................................................................23

Annex 3: Fragility Spectrum ........................................................................................................................24

Annex 4: Timor-Leste indicators (short list) ................................................................................................34

Annex 5: Some Photos from the Assessment .............................................................................................36

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

A team was established in Timor-Leste to conduct the fragility assessment, assess the country actual

situation, challenges and also to come up with some recommendations to improve. The assessment was to

find out the country's position on 5 Peace-Building and State-Building Goals (PSG): Legitimate Politics,

Security, Justice, Economic Foundation, Revenues and Services.

The team who have implemented the assessment and contributed to the completion of this report as per

following:

We will not be able to finalize this report without contribution from all stakeholders including from state

institution, civil society organization, international partners and universities in Timor-Leste.

Taking this opportunity, we would like to express our gratitude to District Administrator of Liquica, Mr.

Domingos da Costa dos Santos and District Administrator of Lautem, Mr. Zeferino dos Santos who have

provided a lot of support to the group discussion on fragility assessment with local authority, representative

from political parties, civil society organization at these two districts.

Finally, we also would like to acknowledge the support from Australian Government and UNDP, who have

seconded one of their Timorese staff to support the team and also UNMIT's Department of Social Economic

and World Bank's consultant who provided support in defining the country indicators.

No. Name Position

1. Felix Piedade Team Leader of Fragility Assessment

2. Luisa Albertina Fraga Coordinator of PSG 1: Legitimate Politics

3. Francisco Lemos dos Santos Coordinator of PSG 2: Security

4. Jose Belo Coordinator of PSG 3: Justice

5. Arlindo Monteiro Coordinator of PSG 4: Economic Foundation

6. Elson Martinho da Costa Coordinator of PSG 5: Revenue and ServicesNote: This Team consist of all national

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F Fragility assessment T Transparency of Aid

O One vision, One Plan R Risk-Sharing

C Compact U Use and Strengthen of Country System

U Use of PSGs to monitor S Strengthen Capacity

S Support Political Dialogue T Timely and Predictable Aid

INTRODUCTION

The g7+ is a group of fragile and conflict affected states, who want to promote ownership and leadership on

NEW DEAL process at the country level. The objective is to end conflict, state building and reduce poverty

through innovative development. The group was established to work with International actors, private

sectors, civil societies, media and everyone within the State as well as with neighbouring countries and

other countries in the region to do a reform and came up with the new paradigm for the involvement of

internationals.

The core mission of the g7+ is to promote peacebuilding and statebuilding as the foundations for transition

out of the margins of conflict to the next stage of sustainable development. This is achieved through a

process of country-owned and country-led dialogue and planning.

The group of g7+ has been working hard to bring the voice of fragile and conflict affected states up to the

attention of global world. A number of efforts have been conducted including the initiation of “NEW DEAL”.

After went through a number of lobbies and dialogue, finally 'New Deal' was endorsed at the 4 High Level

Meeting for the Aid Effectiveness in Busan, South Korea in 2011. The New Deal has three important

principles:

is a Peace-Building and State-Building Goals as an important foundation to enable progress towards the

MDGs to guide our work in fragile and conflict-affected states. PSG itself consists of 5 main principal

objectives:

PSG 1: Legitimate Politics - Foster inclusive political settlement and conflict resolution

PSG 2: Security- Establish and strengthen people's security

PSG 3: Justice- Address injustice and increase people's access to justice

PSG 4: Economic Foundation– Generate employment and improve livelihoods

PSG 5: Revenue and Services - Manage revenue and build capacity for accountable and fair

services delivery.

The progress of these 5 objectives can be seen through FOCUS and TRUST principles. is new

ways of engaging, to support inclusive country-led and country-owned transitions out of fragility.

provides aid and managing resources more effectively and aligning these resources for results.

TRUST and FOCUS principles consisting of the following important areas:

th

PSG, FOCUS and TRUST

PSG

FOCUS

TRUST

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The group of g7+ commenced with only 7 countries, now its member has increased up 18. The member of

g7+ family composed of: Afghanistan, Burundi, Central Africa Republic, Chad, Cote d'Ivore, Comoro,

Democratic Republic of Congo, Guinea, Guinea-Bisau, Haiti, Liberia, Papua New Guinea, Sierra Leon,

Somalia, Solomon Island, South Sudan, Timor-Leste and Togo. Seven countries have agreed to be piloting

countries for Fragility Assessment and Timor-Leste is of them.

As part of the commitment for implementation of New Deal at country level, 7 countries have agreed to be a

pilot for Fragility Assessment, to assess country situation in relation 5 PSGs. The 7 countries are Congo,

Siera-Leon, Liberia, South Sudan, Somalia, Afghanistan and Timor-Leste.

The assessment was conducted in Timor-Leste for about 2 months, from the period of July to August 2012. It

involved approximately of 41 institutions include State Institutions, Development Partners, Civil Societies

Organization, Local Authorities from two selected districts and Universities. Detail list of Stakeholders

involved in the assessment can be seen in Annex 2.

The team started the work with revision of analytical framework to adapt with the country context. Then,

mapping out the stakeholders as the key informant in each PSG and identification of coordinator for each

PSG. We have all 5 Timorese as the coordinator for 5 PSGs.

Data collection methods used on this assessment was: interviews with relevant stakeholders, group

discussions in each PSG and desk study. Prior to the commencement of data/information collection, we

organized a briefing session with all relevant stakeholders to ensure that all have a better understanding on

the assessment. The interview with all identified stakeholders took about 2 weeks time. A group discussion

on each PSG for 1 day with a total of 5 days was organized at national level. Different stakeholder

participated in different PSG according to their areas of work. We also managed to have a 1-day group

discussion at 2 selected district, Lautem district from eastern region and Liquica district from western

region.

The main questions that were used for the information/data collection as follows:

1. Where we are now, if compared with past situation?

2. What are the challenges that we all need to pay attention?

3. What needs to be done to improve?

4. Where are we in Fragility Stages and how we define our situation in stages?

5. How do we know whether we made any progress or not in the future?

Questions 1 to 3 will be reflected in the summary of each PSG on this report whilst question 4 to 5 will be

reflected in Timor-Leste's Fragility Spectrum. Detail on the country's fragility spectrum is at annex 3.

After the completion of information/data collection, PSG coordinator has the opportunity to compile all

information collected in addition to use secondary reports that have been produced in each objective to

help in their writing up the summary. Once the first draft ready, we then had a session called: Presentation of

Major Findings”.

FRAGILITY ASSESSMENT IN TIMOR-LESTE

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PSG 2: Security

PSG 1: Legitimate Politics

PSG 5: Revenue and Services

PSG 3: Justice

PSG 4: Economic Foundation

Has the biggest area of

progress

Has made some good progress

The areas that need more

attention in the future for

improvement

At the day of the presentation, we had the privilege of visit from United Nations Secretary General, Mr. Ban

Ki-Moon to participate at our Fragility Assessment Workshop in Timor-Leste. Minister of Finance, Emilia

Pires made a presentation on Major Findings from the assessment to UNSG.

We also had a session “Validation Workshop” for stakeholders to validate particularly on the country

Fragility Spectrum, focusing more on root causes, definition of fragility stages and potential areas for

indicators. Another revision was made to the report to reflect feedback. Based on comments and inputs

made, the draft report was revised and sent out to all relevant stakeholders for final feedback and inputs

before its publication. The first final report was produced in local language then translated into English.

From this assessment, it shows very clear which areas have more progress and which need more attention

and efforts for further future improvement. Following are the key result from the assessment in Timor-

Leste:

KEY RESULT

PSGs

Fragility Stages

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1. Legitimate Politics 3

2. Security 3.5

3. Justice 2

4. Economic Foundation 2.5

5. Revenues & Services 3

PSG 1: Legitimate Politics

Dimension 1: Political Settlement

The discussion for this goal will cover

three important dimensions as Political

Settlement, Political Process and Institution;

and Societal Relationship.

A number of good progresses have been made on peace process and political dialog. Most of leaders

consider the importance of dialog to discuss and came up with a consensus to different problems exist in

country. Various Initiatives for political dialogue have taken place and with some agreement made for

example Maubisse 1 and Maubisse 2. These continuous communication and interaction among leaders

have contributed to the political stability in country.

Most of political leaders commence to prioritize National Interest above all as their main goal to develop the

country. The recent two elections went peacefully without any major violence as what normally happen in

the past. Even before the election, all political leaders agreed to come up with a consensus declaration for

not to act violently before and after the election.

On agreement of division of power, there is a clear divisional of power among different state bodies, it has

been clearly defined on the constitution. Different parties who formed the current and previous

government also have managed easily in distributing the role and responsibility among themselves. There is

no major conflict ever occur from some minor differences on the divisional of power.

Progress

Challenges & Recommendation

Challenges Recommendation

The political language used by some leaders

and/or some party members sometimes can raise

discontent to other group or party. The experience

in the past has shown that a word can cause a

nation to fall into conflict.

Be caution and prevent any harms or

dissatisfaction statement at the public.

The interference from one sovereignty body to

another still exists.

To respect the constitution and obey to decision

made by any sovereignty body.

Dimension

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Political Settlement 3

Political Process and

Institution

3

Societal Relationship 3

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Dimension 2: Political Process & Institution

Progress

Challenges & Recommendation

A peaceful and stable environment has given the confidence and freedom to the public to participate in any

of political activities, free to participate in election and to cast votes according to their free will. The political

stability in country has encouraged community to freely express their willingness in the participation on any

political process.

All state institutions showed a very good cooperation during the whole political process prior to the election

and even until the formation of the government. Even as a new country, Timor-Leste has an inclusive

representation at the State Institution particularly districts representative in the parliament and also

women representation in the government structure.

On check and balance of executive, Timor-Leste is luckily to have a very strong opposition within the national

parliament who was at the government from previous government. Besides, a number of existing state

institution such ombudsman office and anti corruption commission also non-state actors such NGOs who

have been actively to monitor and call the government attention on some irregularities.

Challenges Recommendation

Lack of knowledge about the political process and

political agreements resulted in some conflict.

There is a tendency to believe rumours or wrong

information because the people do not have

adequate access to the correct information.

Information sharing to public on political process

and political agreements are very important. This

can be done through civic education or other

means of communication that most of

communities have access to.

State institutions still centralized at national level,

vulnerable groups especially those at district level

mostly do not have their representatives at the

state institution.

Importance of decentralization for power and

administrative so that people at the district level

also can have their representation.

National parliament’s supervision over the

executive body has not yet maximum. Meaning

that there has not being a clear mechanism to

ensure that result of supervision is responded and

take action by the executive.

National parliament needs to establish a clear

mechanism to ensure there is a check list for the

progress for their result of supervision

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Dimension 3: Societal Relationship

Progress

Challenges & Recommendation

The relationships among social groups like martial arts group, neighbourhood youth groups, political party

youth groups and other groups that exist within the society remain calm for the last few years. This situation

has contributed to the peace and stability in the country.

Number of violence and conflict involve different group in the society have dramatically decreased. When a

problem arises among in the society, community leaders have played important role to resolve the issues

together with the support from national police. None of the conflict has taken longer and expands to

become major community conflict in the last 5 years.

The presence of civil society mostly NGOs in the country have played important role in the political process.

Many civil society organizations have contributed and provided constructive contribution for the

development of Nation. Their participation are in different areas of their expertise including contribution to

the discussion of state budget at the parliament and also provide support in the initiation of political dialog

within society.

Challenges Recommendation

Individual interest of different group in the society

still higher that the national interest

Civic education to raise people’s awareness on the

importance of stability in country and important

relevant issues.

The number of security personnel/police who are

presence in the society still very limited.

Whenever a conflict arises in the community

among social groups, the existing problems cannot

be resolved quickly.

To increase the number of security

personnel/police in the community specially

targeting areas or neighbourhoods that has high

potential for conflicts.

The sustainability of civil society organization is an

issue. Many registered at the beginning but only

few can continue their regular activity

Government continue support to strengthen CSO

existence as a social control at the country.

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Challenges & Recommendation

PSG 2: Security

The security concept is broad and rich, it

includes all problems such climate change,

disease and food security. However, on this

fragility assessment, the concept of security

refers more towards the role of security

institutions (National Police / (PNTL).

Dimension

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Political Settlement 3

Political Process and

Institution

3

Societal Relationship 3

Challenges Recommendation

Some areas that can be potentially as risks for the

instability of security condition in country

including:

‐The high number of unemployment rate

particularly at youth group,

‐Land dispute, which has been a complex issue

since there is no land law.

‐Conflict between martial art groups at the

community.

Some recommendation to address these risks:

‐Government to create more job opportunities

particularly target youth group.

‐There is a need for widely consultation on land

law and to proceed with the approval of the land

law soon.

‐Revision of Law No.10/2008 of the 16th

of July

about the practice of Martial Arts, to include a

clause that the martial arts impartiality.

Some minor disturbance and illegal activity

occasionally occur at the border, can be as

To finalize the demarcation process diplomatically

soon and to improve the immigration system,

The discussion for this goal will cover three

important dimensions as Security Condition, the Capacity and the Performance of the security institution.

The general security situation is currently under controlled. Communities have been enjoying the peace

and stability for the last 5 years following the security outrage in 2008. People are freely to do their normal

activities not only at daytime but also at the night time. The intensity of the conflict and violence in the

country has been decreased compared to previous years especially in the period of year from 2006 until

2008.

The negotiation of land border between Indonesia and Timor-Leste has almost reached 97%. The

implementation of border pass to facilitate community lives near the border for family visit and businesses

activity also have been in operated. Cooperation between the two security forces at the border have been

actively engaged in a number of activities including on joint patrol and sports.

Progress

Dimension 1: Political Settlement

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Challenges & Recommendation

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3

Dimension 2: Capacity of the Security Institution

Progress

The number of existing security personnel particularly national police have at least cover most of the city

from districts. Since the establishment of national police, it has grown up to many units. The current national

police (PNTL) composed of various units which includes: Special Police Unit, Marine Police Unit, Border

Patrol Unit, Police Information Services and Criminal Investigation Services . In addition to the Police Special

Unit based in Dili: Commandant, 2 commandant, Public Order Battalion, Special Operation Company,

Platoon and Services .

The institution capacity has been shown through the transfer of power from United Nation Police (UNPOL)

to National Police (PNTL) on different phases from 2010. Until late 2011 and early 2012, national police have

taken responsibility of all territory and UNPOL provide guidance and coaching as necessary. Current security

situation has shown that the institution has enough capacity to lead and control the security situation. No

major conflicts occurred at the recent presidential and parliamentary elections and even after the withdraw

of United Nation Mission in Timor-Leste. This shows that the country's security institution commenced to

have capacity in maintaining the security situation in country.

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There is a need to guarantee the existing technical capacity and good coordination between

intelligence communities; Intelligence National Services (INS), Police Information Services and

Military Intelligence Services, Immigration and custom.

Article 25 Decree Lew No.16/2009, 18 March, Organic Law of National Police of Timor-Leste

Article 27

external threats. customs and control of entire border and to

improve the intelligence services1to detect the

illegal activities.

Challenges Recommendation

The number of national police (PNTL) personnel

still limited. Even with the current personnel, there

are still lack of effective and efficient of human

resource management.

To increase the number of national police (PNTL)

officers through the recruitment process. Also a

possibility through reviewing of unit postings in

order to make sure that each unit reflects the

state’s needs, not to have all concentrated at

central level.

Lack of facilities particularly radio and transport to

support their daily activity. There is no clear policy

on maintenance.

On periodically basis, to provide facilities (radio

and transport) as required targeting those areas

with risk of conflict.

Intellectual capacity, skills and knowledge of the Provide scholarship to those who wish to continue

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Challenges & Recommendation

Dimension 3: Performance of Security Institution

Progress

Overall, the security institution has performed much better and the general community confidence on

security sector increased compared with previous year particularly in 2006 to 2007.

Some national police members who were involved in criminal and illegal activity have been sanctioned even

imprisoned accordingly to the procedure and laws.

Even though with the limitation of personnel and resource, national police continue to provide assistances

to community who are in need of their help.

officer to carry out their duty professionally still

limited. This impacted on their responsiveness to

community cases.

their study or provide relevant training to increase

their skill and knowledge

Challenges Recommendation

There are still some doubts among some

communities on PNTL performance because of

past experiences on internal conflict within the

institution.

To maintain the law and order and intensify the

good cooperation and coordination among

national police.

There is still a perception of impunity exist within

security sector. Also, lack of commitment to

comply with laws.

To conduct rigorous process on those commits any

type of abuse and to update the public about the

process and progress of disciplinary procedures.

The security sector responsiveness to community

cases still does not meet people’s expectation

because of limited number of the personnel and

facilities

It is recommended to increase personnel and

provide facilities as necessary to those more

needed.

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4

PSG 3: Justice

Dimension 1: Justice Condition

The discussion for this goal will cover three

important dimensions as Justice Condition,

Capacity and Performance of the Justice

Sector.

Progress

5

Challenges Recommendation

The local community feels that the formal justice is

still far away. In some "Isolated" places, people do

not even know judicial actors such Judge,

Prosecutor and Public Defender)

To invest more in justice sector by recruiting more

judicial actors and established institution in the

whole territory of country. So that, it brings the

judicial services close to the people at district and

even at rural areas.

The perception of impunity among elite still exist.

Lack of commitment to comply with laws.

To conduct rigorous process on those commits any

type of abuse and to update the public about the

process and progress of disciplinary procedures.

4 Press Release Prosecutor General of the Republic, January 2012.5 Relatoriu JSMP “Overview of the Justice Sector 2011”

Dimension

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Justice Condition 2

Capacity of Justice

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Performance of

Justice Institution

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Judiciary officers 2006 2011

Judges 11 17

Prosecutors 9 17

Public Defenders 7 16

Total 27 50

The District courts including in the district of Dili, Baucau, Suai and

Oecusse as well as Supreme Court began functioning regularly due

to the significant increase in number of Timorese judiciary officers.

The number has increased from 27 as of 2006, to 50 in 2011.

Supreme Court now has 6 judges, Oecussi court has 1 judge while

Suai with 3, Baucau has 4 and Dili has 10. The number of Prosecutor

and Public Defender are almost the same with both 3 in Baucau, 3 in

Suai and 2 in Oecussi . The only difference is in Dili with 13 Prosecutor and 10 Public Defender.

The establishment of Judicial Training Centre (JTC) to produce judiciary officials. In 2012, JTC graduated 7

private lawyers and also carried out the process of granting license to 5 international private lawyers to

practice.

The directorate of land and property in Ministry of Justice also already develops many things in order to

resolve the issues of lands and immovable properties. The ongoing registry of cadastral properties with

support by some of development partners and mediator services is conducted through this directorate that is

able to reduce land dispute.

Challenges & Recommendation

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Many human rights violation in the past has not

being addressed seriously. The SCU (Serious Crime

Unit) was established in the past to investigate

past cases however the investigation has been

stopped.

On the other side, the state's responsibilities over

the rights of victims (Reparation, non‐repetition)

have also been abandoned.

To implement the recommendation from Truth

commission (CAVR) report

The state and international community are

obligated to process the criminal actors to the

international court, and establish a policy to

compensate the victims.

Challenges Recommendation

Limitation of judicial actors and judicial institution

across the region.

To increase the number of judicial actors and

establish more judicial institution to provide

services to community particularly in rural areas.

Language barrier particularly with Portuguese

language at the judicial process including from the

drafting of legislation and trial process. This

difficulty national judicial actor to be part of the

process.

Many general communities still has no access to

To develop Tetum language in the judicial system

in order to have more participation from national

particularly on national law making.

Ministry of Justice to develop cooperation with

various entities (NGOS, Community leaders or

Professional association) to share laws and to

Dimension 2: Capacity of Justice Institution

Progress

Challenges & Recommendation

With the support from development partner (UNDP, Justice Facility) has already established Network of

Information Technology that connects Investigation Police Unit in all districts with the Office of the

Prosecutor, district courts and Becora prison. The network is used to synchronize the process of criminal

cases, as well as the database for the criminal record for other administration purposes.

The judiciary officials have began to enjoy the especial career regime and other benefits since 2009. In

addition, in the districts there are already established housing for the judges and prosecutor.

On National law making, many draft legislation are already completed including draft land law, continue

with the consultation and build public awareness through website (The Journal of Republic) and workshop

activities in some districts.

In traditional justice system, although there isn't an existing proper legislation, the informal Village Council

carry out their duty to resolve issues of injustice and conflicts that occur at community level. They use of

traditional ceremony called "Tara Bandu" (a form of traditional band to protect nature/environment) and

establish "Kabaleha" (a person who has trust to resolve the problem) really help in resolving most of

problem at community level, where with no presence of formal justice.

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Dimension 3: Performance of Justice Institution

Progress

Challenges & Recommendation

Even though as new country, judicial institution in Timor-Leste has able to process some cases involve

elite until completed, sentences being applied in practice.

An independent state institution including Ombudsman office for Human Rights and Justice (PDHJ) and

Anti Corruption Commission (ACC) established to support the work at judicial sector.

draft and approved law. conduct regulation socialization and/or

consultation.

There is no legal framework to support the

implementation of traditional justice. The

traditional justice has not gained maximum

attention from the entire state.

To have a legal framework or adopted some of

tradition practice into legal binding document to

facilitate and support conflict resolution at local

level. Also to give enough power and rights to local

leaders to resolve problem in the absence of

formal justice.

6The Report of Prosecutor General of the Republic Timor-Leste, December 2011

Challenges Recommendation

The public has doubts and questions the judicial

assistance from the public defender, which

provides more legal assistance to elites. Because

according to the law, public defenders are to

provide free legal service to community who

economically weak.

Recommended to strengthen public defenders in

order to provide legal assistance to the community

that has no capacity.

The trial process that is carried out by the national

judiciary staff have not yet gained trust from the

community. Because the slow process and also

pending cases that continue to increase. Pending

cases from previous year in 2010 was 4.644 cases

and this has increased to 4723 in early 2011. Only

around 3% of cases reported being resolved in

most of the district court, particularly in Dili,

Baucau and Suai)6

To increase more judicial actors to carry out the

function so that can respond timely to cases

reported.

Some cases has been decided without take into The international norms that have been ratified

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consideration of international norms. Trial on

some major cases involve perpetrators to human

rights violation in the past, the defendant was then

set to free.

should be taken into consideration in any of

judicial institution decision‐making.

Law enforcement still weak. The law on witness

protection, this is yet to be implemented because

the protection system for witnesses is not yet

established.

Recommended to rigorously implement the law

and regulations that are published by the

government, so that public community can have

trust on government.

Therefore any laws that are to be produced, there

is a need to have a maximum consideration on

how to implement the law.

Some government members and agents are not

cooperative with judiciary body, mostly on cases of

misadministration and corruption.

Recommended to all State's institution to obey

and cooperate with the judiciary body when they

require information. Also, there is a need to

enforce regulations that can give sanctions if there

is no cooperation to provide information require.

Dimension

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Economic Condition 2

Jobs & Private Sector

Development

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Exploitation of

Natural Resource

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PSG 4: Economic Foundation

Dimension 1: Economic Condition

The discussion for this goal will cover three

important dimensions as Economic

condition, Employment, Livelihood and

Private Sectors Development; as well Natural

Resource Management.

Progress

Challenges & Recommendation

The economic activity of Timor-Leste in general has good progress if compared to the previous years after

the independence. Timor-Leste's economic growth also increased significantly up to 12%. The GDP growth

has increased to 10.6% in 2011 from 9.5% in 2010, this is as a result of public spending that has increased to

44% (MoF, 2011). The growth has indicated there is a movement within the economic activity that is very

strong around Dili.

Some of government projects also have been implemented at district level, bring the economic activity to

the rural areas. Social program package such as subsidy to the elders and veteran in addition to the program

of social protections have also become a strong foundation to improve people's daily life, particularly those

vulnerable who live in rural areas.

Dimension 2: Jobs and Private Sector Development

Progress

Job opportunities are increasingly even in a small scale and most of these opportunities at the government.

Government integrated programs implemented at the district level such as District

Challenges Recommendation

The current economic growth has not been

distributed equally to all territory. People at

district have not seen any major changes in the

economic activity. There is still gap between

national and districts on economic activity.

Plan for decentralization of some power to district

level can bring more economic activities to the

district level.

Inflation: the increase of prices in the market, has

risen from 10.8% in March 2011 to 15.4% in

December 2011. This is a great threat to the

people with low income.

One of the solutions to prevent inflation in country

is by reducing government spending. Since all type

of activities and programs in country are totally

depending on state budget.

17 | P a g e

Challenges Recommendation

Lack of employment opportunity, the government

is the biggest employer.

To create more job opportunities through

government projects in country, priority should be

for national. Also, by sending out youth for

employment opportunity at abroad.

Support national entrepreneurs for the

establishment of industries. This is not only going

to contribute to the creation of job opportunities

but also in country production.

Lack of availability local food in country. Some of

agriculture programs has no sustainability. A lot of

investment has been made however local

production still low.

There is a need to have a proper policy to ensure

the sustainability of investment in agriculture. So

that, it can really bring any changes to the society.

Starting up a business in country is a bit

complicated and become more difficult since it has

to go through a number of procedure, time and

cost. According to the IFC report regarding doing

business, Timor‐Leste’s position in the starting a

business (business start up), is at 140th

position in

2008, this is reduce to 150th

position in 2009 and

by 2010 it has further reduce to 167th

position of

the 183 countries.

To attract private sectors, there is a need to create

basic condition including build good infrastructure

(include roads and telecommunication) and

friendly procedure to start business.

The initiative for having “One Stop Shop” should

be implemented, to facilitate business start up in

country.

Development Project (PDD) and the Local Development Program (PDL), have contributed to the creation of

more job opportunity to community in district level.

A number of progresses have been made at agricultural sector. The government through Ministry of

Agriculture provided free land cultivation, distribution of tractor and fertilizer to farmer group. Ministry of

Tourism and Industry (MTCI) also initiated a policy on "Community Plan, Government Buy” to motivate local

people.

Even still in a small number, the presence of private sectors can be seen in the country particularly at national

level. Their involvement still more on the business activity of hotels and restaurants, create job opportunity

for national and contributing to the country economic.

Land becomes an important issue for the economic activity in country. Draft Land Law has been produced,

more consultation are on going to ensure people voice are reflected in the law.

In relation to natural resources management, national actors starts involve and lead in the management of

petroleum fund. Overall, Timor-Leste has achieved a great success to the Initiative Extractive

Challenges & Recommendation

Progress

Dimension 3: Exploitation of Natural Resource

18 | P a g e

Challenges Recommendation

After independence, no Land Law to define land

title and ownership of the land. Current land

dispute has been very complex because of the land

history from 3 different regimes; Portugal,

Indonesia and Timor‐Leste.

To expedite with the approval of land, taking into

consideration of community concern.

National technical capacity is sufficient in the oil

and gas industry.

To prepare human resources through providing

scholarship and training on required technical

areas. So that, in the future, the country will have

enough personnel to run the oil and gas industry.

Industries Transparency (EITI), which has made Timor-Leste to be the number 1 in Asia and third in the world

in terms of transparency on natural resource management

Challenges & Recommendation

19 | P a g e

Challenges Recommendation

Dependency on oil revenues still very high.

Approximately of around 90% of state come from

the fund. There a risk of the fund might run out in

the future while domestic revenue still low, state

activities will be hampered.

To revise the current tax law to include other

domestic activities (include fee entrance to

tourism place, entertainment, land, and so on)

that potentially to increase domestic revenues.

Also to include activities at district level to increase

domestic revenue.

Limited number of personnel with sufficient

technical capacity to work on taxes for domestic.

The institution also still centralized at national

level.

Require additional personnel with good

qualification who can contribute to the work of tax

department. Once more personnel in place, it is

time to delegate the work to district expanding the

area of coverage on domestic revenue.

Dimension

Fragility Stages

Sta

ge

1:

Cri

sis

Sta

ge

2:

Re

bu

ild

‐

Re

form

Sta

ge

3:

Tra

nsi

tio

n

Sta

ge

4:

Tra

nsf

orm

a

tio

n

Sta

ge

5:

Re

sili

en

ce

Revenue Generation 2.5

Public Administration 3

Service Delivery 3

PSG 5: Revenue and services

Dimension 1: Revenue Generation

The discussion for this goal will cover three

important d imens ions as Revenue

Generation, Public Administration and

Services Delivery.

Progress

As a new nation, Timor-Leste has been blessed with the oil in the Timor Sea. It provides big revenues to states

activities. It has come from tax/duty from Timor Sea of nearly 1.4 Millions, the state also gained 5% royalty

from oil from joint areas such as Bayu Undan and Kitan. The Petroleum Fund continues to be one of the most

transparent and best-managed sovereign wealth funds in the world. The fund has increased from 1.7 billion

in 2007 to 11 billion in 2012.

Timor-Leste was recorded to have a good progress on tax reform in 2010, reducing the tax to attract more

investor to country. As a new country, domestic revenue also has contributed to the state even still in a small

proportion. Tax institution was established and some technical staff are in plan at national assisting business

activities on taxes related issue.

A number of major reforms on public financial management have been in place. Budget transparency,

procurement portal and portal transparency are to share information on budget execution and progress

Challenges & Recommendation

Progress

Dimension 2: Public Administration

20 | P a g e

Challenges Recommendation

Weak in monitoring on public financial

management particularly on budget execution and

procurement process.

There is a need to establish a rigorous control

system to make sure it follow the procedure and

guarantee its quality.

The implementation for career regime is not

properly implemented. Many civil servants

continue to worry about their career, have worked

for many years but there is no change in their

career. This brings impact on the work motivation

of government civil servant, which then led to the

lack of integrity, accountability and transparency in

civil servant daily responsibility.

There is a need to carefully oversee the existing

career regime laws. If needed, a revision to be

made to accommodate the concerns.

Challenges Recommendation

Coordination between relevant government line

ministries is still weak on service delivery on

health, education and clean water.

To have integrated sectoral group, strengthening

the coordination in implementation of programs

on for example building of clean water for school

and so on.

of project implementation to public community. Procurement law was revised to start delegating some of

the work to line ministry.

An independent institution named Civil Service Commission to look after the government civil servant

career regime and special regimes has been first time established under the decree Lew no. 27, of 2008. Anti

Corruption Commission also have been initiated to ensure integrity and accountability at government

services.

The government continue to give its importance to the service delivery to public specially to health area,

education and clean water with the great support received from the development partners and both

international and national NGOs.

Some resources including budget and resource have been allocated to social sectors to respond to the need

of vulnerable people in rural areas. Most of the city from districts have access to basic needs such health

services, education and clean.

Challenges & Recommendation

Progress

Challenges & Recommendation

Dimension 3: Service Delivery

21 | P a g e

Most of the facility and resources still concentrate

at national level. Service delivery at rural areas

always face difficulty because not enough resource

and facility.

To distribute the resource and facility targeting

those areas that in more need. If permits,

distribute equally to all regions.

Sustainability of current programs implement by

international agencies is uncertainty, once it

finished the project.

Recommend program implement by international

organization should be government planning. So

that, there is a continuation once the mission end.

22 | P a g e

ANNEX 1: REFERENCES

Doing Business Report, IFC, for the year of 2008, 2009, 2010 and 2011

JSMP Report, “Overview of the Justice Sector 2011”

Press Release from Prosecutor General of Republic, January 2012.

Prosecutor General of Republic Report, Timor-Leste, December 2011

Macroeconomy Report, Ministry of Finance (MoF), 2011.

Government Resoultion No.35/2011, Target Strategies to Guarantee Public Rules and Security in Country

(Medidas destinadas a garantir a ordem públika e a segurança interna do país), suspension from 22

December 2011 until 21 December 2012

Law No.3/2004, 14 Abril, on Political Parties

Law No.10/2008, 16 July, Exercise of Martial Arts

Organic Law for National Police of Timor-Leste, Decre Law No.16/2009, 18 March, article 1, 25 and 27

23 | P a g e

ANNEX 2: LIST OF STAKEHOLDERS INVOLVED IN ASSESSMENT

No Name of Institutions Total Participants

1. Civil Service Commission 2

2. Ministry of Justice 4

3. Central Bank 2

4. Ombudsman Office for Human Right & Justice 3

5. Tax Directorate, Budget, Petroleum Fund and Petroleum

Fund Revenue Directorate at Ministry of Finance

8

6. Ministry of State Administration 1

7. Ministry of Petroleum and Mineral Resource 2

8. National Authority of Petroleum 2

9. Office of the President of Republic 4

10. Ministry of Agriculture 1

11. National Police (PNTL) 6

12. Secretary of State for Security 4

13. Ministry of Tourism, Commerce and Industry 3

14. Fongtil / NGO Forum 2

15. NGO Lao Hamutuk 5

16. NGO Luta Hamutuk 3

17. JSMP 1

18. Mahein Foundation 2

19. Gesellschaft fuer Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) 1

20. FAO 1

21. World Bank 2

22. ADB 2

23. UNICEF 4

24. New Zealand Embassy 2

25. Asia Foundation 3

26. Cassal 2

27. AusAid 3

28. Australia Federal Police 2

29. Australia Military 1

30. UNMIT – Political Affairs, Security and Justice 4

31. JICA 2

32. Community include Local Authority from Liquica District 35

33. Community include Local Authority from Lautem District 39

34. University of Timor‐Leste (UNTL) 1

35. University of Peace (UNPAZ) 1

36. University of Dili (UNDIL) 2

39. Secretary of State for professional Development and Employment 2

40. UNDP 2

TOTAL 166

24

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25

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we

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me

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din

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se

Civ

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of

its

pa

rtic

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n,

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kin

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fin

ed

Nu

mb

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tin

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(co

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ce,

pro

gra

ma

nd

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g)

fro

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d

NG

O

26

|P

ag

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PS

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Dim

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2:

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3:

Tra

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4:

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5:

Re

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Se

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ym

en

t

an

dp

eo

ple

’s

me

nta

lity

fro

m

the

pa

st.

Larg

e‐s

cale

an

d

pre

va

ilin

g

con

tin

ue

con

flic

t,

sta

te c

an

no

t

con

tro

l

Sta

teb

eg

ins

toco

ntr

ol

the

secu

rity

situ

ati

on

Th

ese

curi

ty

situ

ati

on

ha

s

rem

ain

ed

pe

ace

ful

an

d

sta

ble

for

alm

ost

5ye

ars

Pe

ace

an

dse

curi

ty

pre

vail

for

lon

gti

me

Nu

mb

er

of

po

liti

cal

vio

len

ce

an

dco

mm

on

vio

len

ceo

n

an

nu

all

yb

asi

s

Inci

de

nce

of

pro

ble

ma

tth

e

bo

rde

rs

Lack

of

cle

arl

y

de

fin

ed

bo

rde

r(s)

Pre

vale

nce

of

con

flic

ta

tth

e

bo

rde

rco

nti

nu

es

an

dre

ma

ins

un

reso

lve

d

Ne

go

tia

tio

nb

eg

ins

to

reso

lve

bo

rde

rd

isp

ute

be

twe

en

Tim

or‐

Lest

e

an

dIn

do

ne

sia

Ag

ree

me

nts

be

ing

ma

de

on

bo

rde

r

coo

pe

rati

on

Join

tre

gu

lar

con

tro

lsa

tth

e

bo

rde

rsto

en

sure

a

ma

xim

um

secu

rity

for

bo

thco

un

trie

s.

Nu

mb

er

of

ille

ga

lca

ses

(hu

ma

ntr

aff

ick

ing

an

d

ille

ga

lim

mig

rati

on

)a

nd

con

flic

tsin

the

bo

rde

rs

Ca

pa

city

of

Se

curi

ty

Inst

itu

tio

n

Nu

mb

er

an

d

pro

po

rtio

no

f

secu

rity

sect

or

Lack

of

eff

ect

ive

an

de

ffic

ien

to

n

hu

ma

nre

sou

rce

s

ma

na

ge

me

nt

Th

ea

bse

nce

of

secu

rity

inst

itu

tio

ns

Be

gin

toe

sta

bli

sh

secu

rity

inst

itu

tio

ns

an

d

recr

uit

me

nt

of

pe

rso

nn

el

Th

ee

xist

en

ceo

f

secu

rity

inst

itu

tio

ns

bu

tst

ill

lim

ite

din

nu

mb

ers

an

dth

eir

pre

sen

cest

ill

inso

me

dis

tric

tso

nly

.

Th

ep

rese

nce

of

secu

rity

pe

rso

nn

el

at

all

dis

tric

tsb

ut

stil

l

lim

ite

din

nu

mb

er

Su

ffic

ien

tse

curi

ty

pe

rso

nn

el

for

the

wh

ole

teri

tto

ry

Ra

tio

of

po

lice

toto

tal

po

pu

lati

on

pe

rd

istr

ict

Re

sou

rce

sa

nd

cap

aci

ty

Tech

nic

al

cap

aci

tie

sst

ill

min

ima

nd

cen

tra

lize

d

faci

liti

es

Sti

llre

qu

ire

sth

e

sup

po

rtfr

om

fro

m

inte

rna

tio

na

l

secu

rity

pe

rso

nn

el

Th

ea

uth

ori

tyo

n

secu

rity

ha

sb

ee

n

ha

nd

ed

ov

er

toP

NT

L

an

de

ven

tho

ug

stil

l

wit

hli

mit

ed

reso

urc

es

PN

TL

isca

pa

ble

of

con

tro

llin

gth

e

situ

ati

on

inw

ho

le

teri

tory

Str

on

gse

curi

ty

inst

itu

tio

na

nd

suff

icie

ntl

yre

sou

ce

an

dca

pa

ble

pe

rso

nn

el

top

lay

its

role

Nu

mb

er

of

po

lice

(by

ge

nd

er

an

dd

istr

ict)

wit

hTe

rtia

ry

Ed

uca

tio

nfr

om

ato

tal

of

Po

lice

Inve

nto

ryli

sto

ffu

nct

ion

ing

eq

uip

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nt

(ra

dio

an

d

tra

nsp

ort

)a

td

istr

ict

leve

l

Sh

are

of

min

or

cap

ita

la

nd

sala

ryto

tota

lb

ud

ge

t

all

oca

tio

nfo

rse

curi

tyse

cto

r

(Na

tio

na

lP

oli

ce,

PN

TL)

27

|P

ag

e

Pe

rfo

rma

nce

of

Se

curi

ty

Inst

itu

tio

n

Pu

bli

cco

nfi

de

nce

on

secu

rity

sect

or

Lack

of

kn

ow

led

ge

of

secu

rity

forc

es

wh

en

ha

nd

lin

ga

situ

ati

on

Lack

of

pu

bli

c

con

fid

en

cein

the

secu

rity

inst

itu

tio

ns

Th

ep

ub

lic

be

gin

sto

ha

veco

nfi

de

nce

on

the

secu

rity

inst

itu

tio

ns

Pu

bli

cco

nfi

de

nce

on

the

secu

rity

inst

itu

tio

ns

ha

s

incr

ea

sed

Co

mm

un

itie

sh

ave

full

con

fid

en

to

n

the

secu

rity

inst

itu

tio

ns

Imp

un

ity

of

the

secu

rity

sect

or

Lack

of

com

mit

me

nt

to

com

ply

wit

hla

ws

Ma

ny

of

secu

rity

pe

rso

nn

el

incl

ud

e

its

lea

de

rs

com

mit

crim

e

an

dn

ot

rece

ive

an

ysa

nct

ion

So

me

ad

min

istr

ati

ve

san

ctio

ns

are

ap

pli

ed

tose

curi

typ

ers

on

ne

l

wh

oco

mm

itcr

ime

Mo

sto

fth

e

secu

rity

pe

rso

nn

el

tha

t

com

mit

crim

ea

re

san

ctio

ne

d

acc

ord

ing

lyto

the

exi

stin

g

crim

ina

lla

ws

All

secu

rity

pe

rso

nn

el

tha

t

com

mit

crim

ea

re

san

cito

ne

d

acc

oo

rdin

gly

toth

e

exi

stin

gla

ws

Nu

mb

er

of

mis

con

du

ctca

ses

invo

lvin

gse

curi

typ

ers

on

el

resu

ltin

gin

ad

min

istr

ati

on

san

ctio

na

nd

als

o

pro

secu

tio

nth

rou

gh

the

cou

rts

Se

curi

tyse

cto

r’s

resp

on

sive

ne

ss

Lack

of

pe

rso

nn

el

an

dfa

cili

tie

s

No

act

ion

take

n

tore

spo

nd

toa

ny

case

sre

po

rte

d

An

um

be

ro

fe

ffo

rts

ha

veb

ee

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ken

to

case

sre

po

rte

de

ve

n

tho

ug

ht

wit

h

lim

ita

tio

no

fre

sou

rce

s

Se

curi

tyin

stit

uti

on

s

can

resp

on

d

imm

ed

iate

lya

nd

eff

icie

ntl

yto

case

s

rep

ort

ed

28

|P

ag

e

PS

G3

:Ju

stic

e

Dim

en

sio

nS

ub

Dim

en

sio

nR

oo

tC

au

ses

Fra

gil

ity

Sta

ge

s

Co

un

try

Ind

ica

tors

1:

Cri

sis

2:

Bu

ild

&R

efo

rm

3:

Tra

nsi

tio

n

4:

Tra

nsf

orm

ati

on

5:

Re

sili

en

ce

Just

ice

Co

nd

itio

n

Acc

ess

toJu

stic

eT

he

ab

sen

ceo

f

just

ice

inst

itu

tio

ns

ina

ll

dis

tric

ts

pa

rtic

ula

rly

in

rura

la

rea

s

Just

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inst

itu

tio

ns

on

ly

exi

sta

tn

ati

on

al

leve

l

Just

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inst

itu

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ns

(su

chd

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cou

rts)

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pre

sen

cein

som

e

dis

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ut

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t

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ect

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ly

Just

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inst

itu

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ns

in

som

ed

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icts

an

d

be

gin

tofu

nct

ion

eff

ect

ive

ly.

Intr

od

uct

ion

of

mo

bil

eco

urt

sto

som

ea

rea

s.

Co

urt

sa

rep

rese

nce

ina

lld

istr

icts

an

da

ll

pu

bli

cco

mm

un

ity

ha

vea

cce

ssto

jud

icia

la

ssis

tan

ce

wit

hm

ore

eff

ect

ive

an

de

ffic

ien

t.

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po

rtio

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dic

ial

act

ors

(Ju

dg

es

&P

rose

cuto

rs)

an

d

Pu

bli

cD

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nd

er

(by

ge

nd

er)

toa

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gis

tere

dca

sein

dis

tric

t

Imp

un

ity

of

eli

teLa

cko

f

com

mit

me

nt

to

com

ply

wit

hla

ws

Eli

tes

are

no

t

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ctio

ne

de

ven

tho

ug

h

com

mit

ted

crim

e

or

bre

ach

ed

the

law

So

me

case

sa

rein

jud

icia

lp

roce

ss

wh

ilst

som

eh

as

be

en

de

cid

ed

at

cou

rt

Mo

sto

fE

lite

so

be

y

the

cou

rtd

eci

sio

n

All

are

eq

ua

lu

nd

er

the

law

Nu

mb

er

of

case

sin

volv

e

sta

tea

cto

rsa

nd

pu

bli

c

fig

ure

be

ing

pro

cess

ed

an

d

pro

secu

ted

by

cou

rt

Ad

dre

ssin

gh

um

an

rig

hts

vio

lati

on

s

Lack

of

hu

ma

n

rig

hts

vio

lati

on

case

sa

dd

ress

ed

by

the

sta

te

Ma

ny

of

hu

ma

n

rig

hts

vio

lati

on

case

sh

ave

no

t

be

en

ad

dre

sse

d

by

the

sta

te

Am

ech

an

ism

s

est

ab

lish

ed

such

as

Tru

th

Co

mm

issi

on

(CA

VR

)to

loo

ka

t

hu

ma

nri

gh

t

vio

lati

on

com

mit

ted

inth

e

pa

st

Imp

lem

en

tati

on

of

the

CA

VR

reco

mm

en

da

tio

ns

So

me

hu

ma

n

rig

hts

vio

lati

on

case

sa

re

reso

lve

d

All

hu

ma

nri

gh

ts

vio

lati

on

case

sa

re

reso

lve

d

Nu

mb

er

of

hu

ma

nri

gh

t

vio

lati

on

case

sth

at

be

ing

reso

lve

d

Ca

pa

city

of

Just

ice

Inst

itu

tio

ns

Re

sou

rce

sa

nd

Ca

pa

city

Lack

of

eff

ect

ive

an

de

ffic

ien

to

n

hu

ma

nre

sou

rce

s

ma

na

ge

me

nt

Th

eju

stic

ese

cto

r

isst

ill

do

min

ate

d

by

inte

rna

tio

na

ls

Tim

ore

seju

dic

ial

act

os

be

gin

tole

ad

the

just

ice

pro

cess

eve

nst

ill

req

uir

e

som

esu

pp

ort

fro

m

inte

rna

tio

na

l

Tim

ore

seju

dic

ial

act

ors

are

cap

ab

leo

f

lea

din

ga

lon

eth

e

just

ice

pro

cess

Th

eT

imo

rese

just

ice

sect

or

isa

ll

run

by

qu

ali

fie

d

na

tio

na

lsa

cto

rs

Pro

po

rtio

no

fca

ses

reso

lve

d

fro

mto

tal

case

sre

po

rte

do

n

an

nu

all

y

%fr

om

bu

dg

et

all

oca

tio

nto

Just

ice

sect

or

as

ato

tal

of

Re

curr

en

tb

ud

ge

t

29

|P

ag

e

%fr

om

bu

dg

et

exe

cuti

on

at

just

ice

sect

or

as

ato

tal

of

bu

dg

ea

llo

cati

on

toju

stic

e

sect

ors

Na

tio

na

lLa

w

ma

kin

g

Lan

gu

ag

e(l

eg

al

term

s)re

ma

ins

as

an

imp

ed

ime

nt

for

Tim

ore

se

jud

icia

la

cto

rsto

con

trib

ute

inth

e

pro

cess

law

s

dra

ftin

g

All

law

sa

re

pro

du

ced

by

inte

rna

tio

na

ls

Tim

ore

se

invo

lve

me

nt

be

gin

sb

ut

inte

rna

tio

na

lsst

ill

take

the

lea

d

Tim

ore

seb

eg

into

take

lea

db

ut

stil

l

req

uir

e

inte

rna

tio

na

lsin

som

ea

rea

s

Tim

ore

sea

re

cap

ab

leo

fre

vis

ing

an

dp

rep

ari

ng

law

s

ba

sed

on

the

na

tio

n’s

de

ma

nd

Nu

mb

er

an

dco

vera

ge

of

con

sult

ati

on

of

pu

bli

c

inte

rest

leg

isla

tio

n

Tra

dit

ion

al

Just

ice

Th

ere

isn

ole

ga

l

fra

me

wo

rkto

sup

po

rtth

e

tra

dit

ion

al

just

ice

Th

etr

ad

itio

na

l

just

ice

isn

ot

con

sid

ere

da

sa

n

alt

ern

ati

ve

me

cha

nis

m

Inru

ral

are

as,

the

tra

dit

ion

al

just

ice

be

gin

sto

be

imp

lem

en

ted

by

loca

la

uth

ori

tie

s

pa

rtic

ula

rly

to

reso

lve

civil

case

s

Th

est

ate

cre

ate

s

leg

al

fra

me

wo

rkto

sup

po

rtth

ero

leo

f

the

tra

dit

ion

al

just

ice

inru

ral

are

as

Th

etr

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itio

na

l

just

ice

ha

sa

n

imp

ort

an

tro

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sup

po

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l

just

ice

inco

un

try

Th

ein

clu

sio

no

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ad

itio

na

l

just

ice

no

rms

into

leg

al

cod

e

Pe

rfo

rma

nce

of

Just

ice

Inst

itu

tio

ns

Ap

pli

cati

on

of

inte

rna

tio

na

l

no

rms/

sta

nd

ard

Vio

lati

on

of

inte

rna

tio

na

l

no

rms

Th

est

ate

ha

sn

o

rati

fie

da

ny

inte

rna

tio

na

l

no

rms

So

me

inte

rna

tio

na

l

no

rms

ha

veb

ee

n

rati

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db

ut

stil

l

no

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kin

gin

to

con

sid

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tio

nin

the

imp

lem

en

tati

on

Mo

stin

tern

ati

on

al

inst

rum

en

tsb

ein

g

rati

fie

da

rea

pp

lie

d

Inte

rna

tio

na

ln

orm

s

serv

ea

sa

gu

ide

for

de

cisi

on

ma

kin

g.

De

cisi

on

sa

reb

ase

d

on

exi

stin

g

inte

rna

tio

na

ln

orm

s

Nu

mb

er

of

lega

lcl

aim

sfr

om

ind

ivid

ua

lo

ro

rga

niz

ati

on

ag

ain

stst

ate

on

vio

lati

on

inte

rna

tio

na

ln

orm

sto

the

cou

rt

Pu

bli

cC

on

fid

en

ceLa

cko

fp

ub

lic

con

fid

en

ceo

n

form

al

jud

icia

l

inst

itu

tio

ns

No

pu

bli

c

con

fid

en

ceo

n

form

al

jud

icia

l

inst

itu

tio

ns

Pu

bli

cco

mm

un

ity

be

gin

toh

ave

a

con

fid

en

ceo

n

jud

icia

lsy

ste

mb

ut

inso

me

case

s,th

e

inte

rfe

ren

ceo

f

oth

er

sove

reig

n

bo

dy

stil

le

xist

Pu

bli

cco

mm

un

ity

con

fid

en

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jud

icia

l

syst

em

ha

sic

nre

ase

d

an

dth

ere

isn

o

inte

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ren

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fo

the

r

sove

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nb

od

yin

to

the

just

ice

syst

em

Pu

bli

cco

mm

un

ity

ha

sfu

lly

con

fid

en

ce

on

the

jud

icia

l

inst

itu

tio

n

30

|P

ag

e

PS

G4

:E

con

om

icFo

un

da

tio

n

Dim

en

sio

nS

ub

Dim

en

sio

nR

oo

tC

au

ses

Fra

gil

ity

Sta

ge

s

Co

un

try

Ind

ica

tors

1:

Cri

sis

2:

Bu

ild

&R

efo

rm

3:

Tra

nsi

tio

n

4:

Tra

nsf

orm

ati

on

5:

Re

sili

en

ce

Eco

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ith

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l

fra

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er

inth

e

cou

ntr

yfo

ra

llb

asi

c

ne

ed

Ra

tio

be

twe

en

OD

Aa

nd

go

vern

me

nt'

sb

ud

ge

t

all

oca

tio

no

nso

cia

lse

cto

rs

(he

alt

h,

ed

uca

tio

na

nd

cle

an

wa

ter)

Re

sou

rce

sLo

wre

sou

rce

all

oca

tio

nto

pro

vis

ion

of

ba

sic

serv

ice

sb

yth

e

sta

te

Th

ere

isn

ob

ud

ge

t

toim

ple

me

nt

serv

ice

sd

eli

very

on

ba

sic

ne

ed

s

Gra

du

al

incr

ea

sein

the

sta

teb

ud

ge

t

alt

ho

ug

hn

ot

stil

lsm

all

Su

ffic

ien

tb

ud

ge

t

all

oca

tio

nfo

rse

rvic

es

de

live

ryo

nb

asi

c

ne

ed

s

Pro

po

rtio

no

fb

ud

ge

t

all

oca

tio

nto

sect

ora

l

Min

istr

ies

(he

alt

h,

ed

uca

tio

na

nd

cle

an

wa

ter)

–d

isa

gre

ga

tio

no

nS

ala

ry,

go

od

&se

rvic

es,

min

or

cap

ita

la

nd

de

velo

pm

en

t.

Dis

trib

uti

on

Sti

llco

nce

ntr

ate

d

at

na

tio

na

lle

vel

All

ba

sic

serv

ice

s

are

con

cen

tra

ted

at

na

tio

na

lle

vel

So

me

pu

bli

cse

rvic

es

are

dis

trib

ute

da

t

dis

tric

tle

vel

alt

ho

ug

h

mo

sto

fth

em

still

con

cen

tra

ted

at

the

na

tio

na

lle

vel

Imp

lem

en

tati

on

of

de

cen

tra

liza

tio

n

toin

cre

ase

acc

ess

Ma

jori

tyo

fp

op

ula

tio

n

ha

vea

cce

ssto

ba

sic

ne

ed

sse

rvic

es

Ra

tio

of

me

dic

al

pe

rso

nn

el

by

ge

nd

er

to1

00

0

po

pu

lati

on

ind

istr

ict

(Fo

cus

on

He

alt

h,

ed

uca

tio

n &

Cle

an

wa

ter)

34 | P a g e

ANNEX 4: TIMOR‐LESTE INDICATORS (SHORT LIST)

(This short list has been validated by the Council of Minister on Wednesday, 23 January 2013)

1. PSG 1: LEGITIMATE POLITICS

Number of people (by gender) who participated in civic education on political process.

Participation rate in the election by district and gender

Political dialog among the State with the competent bodies

2. PSG 2: SECURITY

Number of political violence and common violence on annually basis

Number of illegal cases (human trafficking and illegal immigration) and conflicts in the borders

Ratio of police to total population per district

Number of police (by gender and district) with Tertiary Education from a total of Police

Number of refugees (include IDPs) resulted from conflict

3. PSG 3: JUSTICE

Proportion of judicial actors (Judges & Prosecutors) and Public Defender (by gender) to a total registered case in

district

% from budget allocation to Justice sector as a total of Recurrent budget

% from budget execution at justice sector as a total of budge allocation to justice sectors

Number of human resources (Judges, Prosecutors, public defender and judicial police) accredited by gender

and district in Justice Sector

4. PSG 4: ECONOMIC FOUNDATIONS

% of accessible roads from national to rural areas

Proportion of skilled labor by gender and district

Quantity of local foods produced per hectare

Ratio of national and international staff who has technical capacity in the Industry of oil and gas

35 | P a g e

5. PSG 5: REVENUES AND SERVICES

Revision of Tax Law to include other domestic activities which can contribute to the state revenue

Number of government civil servants who promoted based on performance evaluation

Ratio of medical personnel by gender to 1000 population in district

36 | P a g e

ANNEX 5: SOME PHOTO FROM THE ASSESSMENT

Briefing with Civil Society Organization

Kick off Workshop

37 | P a g e

(Offcially to declare the Commencement of Fragility Assessment)

Group Discussion at National Level

38 | P a g e

Group Discussion at National Level

39 | P a g e

Group Discussion at Liquica District

40 | P a g e

Group Discussion at Liquica District

41 | P a g e

Group Discussion at Lautem District

42 | P a g e

Group Discussion at Lautem District

43 | P a g e

Presentation of Major Findings to UNSG Ban Ki Moon

44 | P a g e