Special Program for Technical-Vocational Education

1

Special Program for

Technical-Vocational

Education Home Economics

Beauty Care (Nail Care) Services

Module 6: Identify Nail Structure

and Shapes

7

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Subject to further validation for IP compliance, this material is for first quarter use only. Circulation shall be limited to public schools within the jurisdiction of the Division of Cebu Province. LR-PIPCV

1ST GENERATION MODULE

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Special Program for Technical Vocational Education - Grade 7

Alternative Delivery Mode

Module 6: Identify Nail Structure and Shapes

First Edition, 2020

Republic Act 8293 section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the

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Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, photos, brand names, trademarks, etc.)

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publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them.

Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones

Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

DEVELOPMENT TEAM OF THE MODULE

Writer : Chingbee L. Novero

Editor : Jose Garry R. Napoles

Reviewers : Analorgie D. Destacamento

Chito R. Villacampa

Pelagio O. Calida Jr.

Illustrator : Maribell J. Fuentes

Layout Artist : Maribell J. Fuentes

Management Team:

Schools Division Superintendent : Marilyn S. Andales

Assistant Schools Div. Superintendent : Leah B. Apao

Cartesa M. Perico

Ester A. Futalan

Chief Education Supervisor, CID : Mary Ann P. Flores

Education Program Supervisor, LRMDS : Isaiash T. Wagas

Education Program Supervisor, TLE : Jose Garry R. Napoles

Department of Education – Regional Office 7

Division of Cebu Province

Office Address : IPHO Bldg., Sudlon, Lahug, Cebu City, Philippines

Telefax : (032) 520-3216 – 520-3217; SDS Office: (032) 255 - 6405

E-mail Address : [email protected]

Bitoon National Vocational High School

Address : Bitoon, Dumanjug, Cebu

Telephone : (032) 471-8001

E-mail Address : [email protected]



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mailto:[email protected]

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7

Special Program for

Technical-Vocational

Education Home Economics

Beauty Care (Nail Care) Services

Module 6: Identify Nail Structure

and Shapes



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i

Key Message

For Educators:

Learning is a constant process. Amidst inevitable circumstances, the Department of

Education extends its resources and looks for varied ways to cater to your needs and to adapt

to the new system of education as a fortress of the Learning Continuity Plan. One of the

probable solutions is the use of Teacher-made Educational Modules in teaching.

You are reading the Beauty Care (Nail Care) Services for Grade 7 Alternative

Delivery Mode (ADM) module on “Identify Nail Structure and Shapes” as written and found

in the K-12 Most Essential Learning Competencies.

The creation of this module is an effort of competent trainers from Bitoon National

Vocational High School of the Department of Education-Cebu Province during this pandemic

period. In addition, this module is meticulously planned, organized, checked, and verified by

knowledgeable educators to assist you in imparting the lessons to the learners while

considering the physical, social, and economic restraints in the teaching process.

The use of the Teacher-made Educational Module aims to surpass the challenges of

teaching in a new normal education set-up. Through this module, the students are given

independent learning activities, which embodies in the Most Essential Learning Competencies

based on the K-12 Curriculum Competencies, to work on in accordance with their capability,

efficiency, and time. Thus, helping the learners acquire the prerequisite 21st century skills

needed with an emphasis on utmost effort in considering the whole well-being of the learners.

As the main source of learning, it is your top priority to clearly explain the proper use

of this module to the learners. While using this module, learner’s progress and development

should be recorded verbatim to assess their strengths and weaknesses while doing the

activities presented independently in the safety of their homes. Moreover, you are anticipated

to persuade learners to comply and to finish the modules on or before the scheduled time.

For the Learners:

As a significant stakeholder of learning, the Department of Education researched and

explored innovative ways to address your needs with high consideration on social, economic,

physical, and emotional aspects of your well-being. To continue the learning process, DepEd

comes up with an Alternative Delivery Mode of teaching using Teacher-made Educational

Modules.

You are reading the Beauty Care (Nail Care) Services for Grade 7 Alternative

Delivery Mode (ADM) module on “Identify Nail Structure and Shapes” as written and found

in the K-12 Most Essential Learning Competencies.

This module is specially crafted for you to grasp the opportunity to continue learning

even at home. Using guided and independent learning activities, rest assured that you will be



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able to take pleasure as well as to deeply understand the contents of the lesson presented,

recognizing your capacity and capability in acquiring knowledge.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

The first part of the module will keep you

on track on the competencies, objectives,

and skills expected for you to be

developed and mastered. Some

reminders about the module are found in

here too.

This part aims to check your prior

knowledge of the lesson to take. If you

can get a perfect score and perform

competently the competency, you can

skip the module and proceed to the next

module. If not, continue to the next part.

This part helps you link the previous

lesson to the current one through a short

exercise/drill.

A brief discussion of the lesson can be

read in this part. It guides and helps you

unlock the lesson presented.

A comprehensive activity/ies for

independent practice is in this part to

solidify your knowledge and skills of the

given topic. This can be a drill, an

exercise, or an activity.

This part of the module is used to process

your learning and understanding of the

given topic. It can be a series of questions

or an activity.

A transfer of newly acquired knowledge

and skills to a real-life situation is present

in this part of the module. This can be a

task sheet (used when doing simple

tasks), operation sheet (used when doing

or operating devices or a job sheet (used

in doing series of task for a specific job).

GENERALIZATION

LEARNING OUTCOME

REVIEW LESSON

INFORMATION SHEET

ACTIVITY SHEET

PERFORMANCE TASKS

PRE - ASSESSMENT



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This activity assesses your level of

mastery towards the topic.

This contains answers to all activities in

the module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

In using this module, keep a note of the fundamental reminders below.

1. The module is government-owned. Handle it with care. Unnecessary marks are

prohibited. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering all the given exercises.

2. This module is organized according to the level of understanding. Skipping one

part of this module may lead you to confusion and misinterpretation.

3. The instructions are carefully laden for you to understand the given lessons.

Read each item cautiously.

4. This is a home-based class; your reliability and honor in doing the tasks and

checking your answers are a must.

5. This module helps you attain and learn lessons at home. Make sure to

comprehend the first activity before proceeding to the next one.

6. This module should be returned in good condition to your teacher/facilitator

once you completed it.

7. Answers should be written on a separate sheet of paper or notebook especially

prepared for TVE subjects.

If you wish to talk to your teacher/educator, do not hesitate to keep in touch with

him/her for further discussion. Know that even if this is a home-based class, your teacher is

only a call away. Good communication between the teacher and the student is our priority to

flourish your understanding of the given lessons.

We do hope that in using this material, you will gain ample knowledge and skills for

you to be fully equipped and ready to answer the demands of the globally competitive world.

We are confident in you! Keep soaring high!

References Printed in this part is a list of all reliable and valid resources

used in crafting and designing this module.

SELF – CHECK

ANSWER KEYS



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Good day dear learner!

This module is solely prepared for you to access and to acquire lessons befitted in your

grade level. The exercises, drills and assessments are carefully made to suit your level of

understanding. Indeed, this learning resource is for you to fully comprehend the “Identify Nail

Structure and Shapes”. Independently, you are going to go through this module following its

proper sequence. Although you are going to do it alone, this is a guided lesson and

instructions/directions on how to do every activity plotted for your convenience.

Using this learning resource, you ought to “Identify Nail Structure and Shapes” as

inculcated in the K-12 Most Essential Learning Competencies.

This module is composed of set of instructions for you to be guided in the activities that

you will perform later. Read and follow instructions properly, do not skip any parts and perform

each activity honestly. This module is intended for you finish within a week.

At the end of this module, you are expected to achieve the following objectives:

➢ identify the nail structures and shapes;

➢ shape nails of clients using nail file or emery board;

➢ observe safety precautions at all times;

➢ work with patience and aesthetically develop awareness on things; and

➢ practice with care for others in every work done.

I. IDENTIFICATION

A. Directions: Name the nail shape being shown below. Write your answer on a separate

sheet of paper.

LEARNING OUTCOME

PRE- ASSESSMENT

1 2 3 4 5 6

DISCLAIMER: The contents and pictures are used to put emphasis and to show concrete examples for deeper understanding of the lesson. These

are borrowed from printed and online sources. The Department of Education – Cebu Province does not claim or own the presented contents and

pictures. The contents and images are taken from printed and online sources that can be found in the reference part of this module.



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B. Directions: In the diagram below, label it by placing the terms next to the appropriate

part of the nail.

II. MATCHING TYPE

Directions: Match the definitions or descriptions in COLUMN A with the terms in COLUMN

B. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

COLUMN A

COLUMN B

1. It is a vertical splitting or separation

of the nail plate layers at the distal

(free) edge of the nail plate.

2. It is the extreme thickening curvature of

the nails, usually it is caused by varying

degree of hyperkeratosis

3. It is a condition of the nail plate

which separates from the nail bed.

4. It is a nail condition in which the cuticle

splits around the nail.

5. It is the chronic inflammation of the

nail fold and nail bed (matrix).

6. It is referred to as ingrown nails which

affect the fingers and toenails.

7. It is an infectious disease caused by a

a. Blue nails

b. Brittle nails

c. Claw nails

d. Eggshell nails

e. Hangnails

f. Onychauxis or hypertrophy

g. Onychia

h. Onychocryptosis

i. Onychomycosis

j. Onychophagy

k. Pterygium

l. Ridges

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9






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vegetable parasite.

8. It is the deformity of nail plate caused

by biting nails.

9. It is an overgrowth of cuticle which

sticks to the surfaces of nail plate.

10. It is caused by uneven growth of the

nails, usually resulting from illness.

Activity 6.1

In our previous module, you have learned about the occupational health and safety

practices. In this lesson, we will continue discovering new concepts of skills and knowledge a

nail technician or a beautician should have. Before we proceed, let us have a short review first

of what we have learned previously.

Directions: Look at the picture; list down 10 hazards you can find in there. In each hazard,

determine the risks and give at least 1 solution to control the hazards and its risks.

REVIEW LESSON






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Activity 6.2

Job well done! You are now proficient with inspecting the tools. In this section, we will

have another set of activity. Read and follow the instructions below. Are you ready?

Directions: Look at the picture below. Read the paragraph after looking at the picture. Answer

the questions after doing so. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

You now know that manicure and pedicure treatments are carried out on the hands,

feet, and nails of your clients. A good understanding of their structure will help you give the

best service to your clients and help you to be able to answer their questions. In this section

we will look at the hands. The hand is composed of many different bones, muscles, and

ligaments that allow for a large amount of movement for holding and grasping objects. These

bones, muscles and ligaments allow you to use a wide range of tools and implements, e.g.

eating with a fork.

Questions:

1. What part of the body is shown in the picture? Does it have parts? What are they?

2. What are the names of the fingers of the hands?

3. What part of the hand is cared when doing manicure and pedicure?

4. Where is the nail located?

Just like the rest of our body, our hands are composed of different parts, and in every

part is also composed of minute parts. The parts of our hands are the fingers namely: thumb,

index finger, middle finger, ring finger, and pinky finger; the palm; the wrist and the back of the

hand. Located at the tip of our fingers are the nails, which parts will be discussed in this

module. Are you excited to know the different parts of the nail? Ready your notebooks as we

explore the structure of our nails and among other things related to it.






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The main structure that you will work with when applying a manicure is the nail. It is a

transparent plate that protects the tips of fingers, toes, and the nail bed. It is an appendage of

the skin. It is important to know the different parts of the nail. Can you think of 3 reasons why

it is important for you to know the different parts of the nail?

Knowledge of the nail structure will enable you to identify the condition of the nail. You

will need to identify whether a nail is healthy or unhealthy. You will also need to know which

parts of the nail are responsible for growth, protection, nail shape and size. This knowledge

would enable you to prevent damage to the nail during manicure application. The technical

name for the nail is Onyx (On-iks).

THE STRUCTURE OF THE NAIL

A. Nail Plate. The nail plate consists of keratin and semi- translucent cells packed closely

together. It is the visible portion of nail that rests on the nail bed. It extends from the root

to the free edge. The nail plate can become dry, brittle and separate into two layers. This

condition is caused by wear and tear as well as harsh chemicals.

B. Free Edge. The free edge is the end portion of the nail plate that reaches over the tip of

the finger or toe. This is the part of the nail that is filed giving it a desired shape.

C. Nail Groove. Nail groove are slits or tracks at either side of the nail upon which the nail

moves as it grows.

INFORMATION SHEET






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D. Cuticle. The cuticle is the overlapping skin at the base of nail. Cuticles become dry from

excessive exposure to water and chemicals and because of the natural aging process. A

manicurist/pedicurist pays particular attention to cuticles ensuring that they are well

conditioned. They prevent infection of the matrix.

E. Nail Wall. The nail wall is made up of folds of skin overlapping the sides of the nail,

providing protection for the nail.

F. Nail Bed. The nail bed is the portion of skin upon which the nail plate rests. It contains

blood vessels that provide nourishment for growth. It also contains nerves.

G. Matrix. New cells are formed in the matrix and they move forward, hardening on the nail

bed until they make up the free edge. It contains nerves, lymph, and the blood vessels that

nourish the nail; it produces cells that generate and harden the nail. Damage to cells in the

matrix will affect the growth of nails.

H. Lunula. The lunula is seen as a half-moon located at base of nail. It is caused by reflection

of light.

I. Hyponychium. This is located at the tip of the nail bed under the free edge.

THE SHAPES OF THE NAIL

Have you noticed that there are different shapes of nails? How many different nail

shapes can you identify? The shapes of the nail have two classification: (1) the Pre-School

Nail Shapes in which did not undergo any nail shaping procedure. Most of children like you

have pre-school shape of the nail; and (2) the Nail Shapes in which practiced and shaped by

experts like nail technicians and beauticians.






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The shape of nail conforms to that of fingertips of an individual. One of the first activities

when doing a manicure is to identify the natural shape of your client’s nail. The rule is: the

shape of the nail should conform to the fingertips for a more natural effect. Of the different

shapes, the oval -shaped nail, rounded at the base and slightly pointed at the top, is suitable

for most hands. Some clients’ nails could be naturally squared shape. This shape is very

popular with a younger clientele and suited for a French manicure. However, unless kept short,

this shape is not advisable for clients who work with their hands as it is prone to breakage and

injury. There are other nail shapes out there, with the advent of technology, people can make

different nail shapes nowadays with the use of nail extensions. Below are some pointers for

nail shaping for the specific nail shape.

1. Oval Nail. This is common among people with long, perfect nail beds. It may be styled

slightly rounded at the base and slightly pointed at the fingertips. Most often this type of

nail has a natural look and looks very good in a short-medium length.

2. Round Nail. This is ideal for shorter nails; the nail can grow out straight at the sides for

1.5 mm and then the tip is filed into a rounded shape. This is a strong shape which is great

for those who keep their nails short.

3. Stiletto/ Pointed Nail. This is filed away at the sides to a point at the tip; this shape is very

weak as the sides of the nail (which provide the strength) are totally lost.

4. Squoval. As above, but followed by squaring off the tip, this gives the nail tip strength over

the oval shape.

5. Square Nail. The square-shaped nails are the most famous among the nail shapes. It is

created by allowing the nail to grow out straight and then filing the tip straight across at

right angles with the rest of the nail plate.

As a manicurist/ pedicurist you will need to advise your clients on how to maintain

healthy nails and which nail shape is best suited to their fingers. Remember a healthy diet is

essential to the condition of the nails. Also remember that incorrect filing damages nails. This

means that you must file nails using correct technique. Your confidence as a manicurist/

pedicurist will increase when you consistently apply your knowledge, skills, and attitude you

have learned in this module and the previous ones. You should practice and develop your

skill.

HOW TO SHAPE THE NAILS

1. Agree with client the desired shape. Use nail cutter to trim nails and get the pre-shape

nails.

2. Select the file with the most appropriate grit.

3. Begin with the little finger on the left hand and moving towards the thumb.

4. Hold the client’s finger between your thumb and your first two fingers of your left hand.






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5. Hold the file in your right hand; tilt the file slightly so that filing is on the underside of the

free edge between 30 to 45 degrees.

6. File from outside to center or corner to center; going from right to left and left to right; use

two short strokes and one long stroke on either side of the nail; gently taper the sides to

remove a sharp edge only file nails that are 0.3 cm and longer.

Note: Avoid using a sawing motion and filing deep into the sides of the nail; they will appear

longer and grow stronger if permitted to grow out at the sides.

NAIL DISEASES AND DISORDERS

Nail diseases are conditions of both the nail, and the surrounding skin which result

from bacterial, fungal, and viral infections. Some conditions will show a green, yellow, or black

discoloration of the nail, depending on the nature of the infection. The main course for infection

is through damaged cuticles and broken skin. It is a must that you should not proceed to any

service if diseases are present.

Many disorders can affect the nails. These disorders can affect any portion of the nail

unit and can impact the appearance of the nail plate itself. Nail disorders can be mild and can

permit you to proceed to service but if some inflammation occurs, it is a must that nail service

is not taken. Given below is a list of the few important nail diseases and disorders and their

characteristics.

Nail Disorders Characteristics

1. Blue nails

2.

It is bluish in color, may be attributed to poor

blood circulation or heart disorder.

3. Brittle nails

It is a vertical splitting or separation of the nail

plate layers at the distal (free) edge of the nail

plate. Over exposure to detergent soap and

other chemical solvents may attribute to the

effect.

4. Bruised nails

It shows dark purplish (almost black or brown)

spots in the nail. This is usually due to

injury and bleeding of the nail bed. As the nail

grows, dried blood in the nail bed will also go

out.

5. Eggshell nails

6.

The nail plate separates from the nail bed and

curves at the free edge. It may be caused by

chronic illness of the systemic or nervous origin.






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7. Furrows

These are long ridges that run either lengthwise

or across the nail. Some lengthwise ridges are

normal in adults. These ridges increase with age

and can also be caused by psoriasis, poor

circulation, and frostbite. Ridges that run across

the nail are caused by high fevers, pregnancy &

measles.

8. Hangnails

It is a condition in which the cuticle splits around

the nail. Carelessness in removing the cuticle,

dryness, cutting off too much may result in

hangnails. It may cause infection if not treated.

9. Leconychia or

white spot

White spot appears frequently in the nails. They

may be caused by injury to the base of the nail.

As the nail continues to grow, these white spots

eventually disappear

10. Pterygium

It is an overgrowth of cuticle which sticks to the

surfaces of nail plate. Carefully remove the

adhering growth by means of a cuticle nipper.

11. Onychatrophia

It is describe as wasting away of the nail. The

nail loses its luster, shrinks, and falls. This can

be caused by injury to the nail matrix or by

internal disease.

12. Onychauxis or

hypertrophy

It is an overgrowth of the nail usually in

thickness rather than length. It is caused

by an internal imbalance, such as local infection

or heredity.

13. Onychophagy or

bitten nail

It is a deformity of nail plate caused by biting

nails. It is an acquired nervous habit which

prompts the individual to chew the nail or the

hardened cuticle.

14. Onychorrhexis

or split or brittle

nails

It refers to split or brittle nails caused by an injury

to the finger, careless filing of the nails,

excessive use of cuticle solvents and nail polish

removers. The nails may be extremely dry

because of some granular disorder.






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13. Ridges

It is caused by uneven growth of the nails,

usually resulting from illness. Buffing the nails

with paste polish will help remove ridges.

14. Treating cuts

It is caused by an accident during manicure

service. Apply an antiseptic immediately. Do not

apply nail polish on the affected area

Nail Diseases Characteristics

1. Onychomycosis

It is an infectious disease caused by a

vegetable parasite. The onset of the disease

takes about two to three months and the

attack is rarely on more than one or two nails.

The appearance of the nail is frayed (worn out),

brittle with furrowed surface, opaque, grayish,

or yellowish in color and is lifted-up by an

accumulation of epidermis underneath.

2. Onychia

It is a term applicable to chronic

inflammation of the nail fold and nail bed

(matrix). It results from the introduction of

microscopic pathogen through small wounds.

3. Onychocryptosis

It is referred to ingrown nails which affect the

fingers and toenails. It is marked by nail growth

into surrounding tissues and may cause

infection. Incorrect trimming and shaping of

nails are often responsible for ingrown nails.

4. Onychoptosis

It is the periodic shedding of one or more nails,

either in the whole or in part. This condition

maybe a symptom of a more alarm disease

such as syphilis or can result from fever, trauma

systematic upset or adverse reaction to drug.

5. Onycholysis

It refers to the detachment of the nail from the

nail bed, starting at its distal and/or lateral

attachment. The most common cause of

onycholysis is psoriasis






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6. Onychogryphosi

s or claw nails

It pertains to extreme thickening curvature

of the nails, usually it is caused by varying

degree of hyperkeratosis (skin disease in which

the skin gets thicker) on the distal portion of the

nail bed that detaches and lifts the plate off the

bed

Activity 6.3

A. Directions: Solve the crossword puzzle below. Use the statements under the puzzle as

clue to solve it. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

ACTIVITY SHEET









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Across Down

5. These are slits or tracks at either side of

the nail upon the nail moves as it grows.

7. This is ideal for shorter nails.

8. They may be caused by injury to the base

of the nail.

9. It is a term applicable to chronic

inflammation over the nail fold and

matrix

10. It refers to that detachment of the nail

from the nail bed, start being at its distal

and/or lateral attachment.

11. It is as described wasting away of the

nail.

14. The only living part of the nail.

15. These are conditions of both the nail and

the surrounding skin which result from

bacterial fungal and viral infections.

1. This is common among people with long,

perfect nail beds.

2. These are long ridges that run either

lengthwise or across the nail.

3. The technical name of the nail.

4. It is the strongest shape of the nail.

6. It is referred to as ingrown nails which

affect the fingers and toenails.

12. The overlapping skin at the base of the

nail.

13. The Crescent shaped part of the nail.

B. Directions: Prepare nail cutter, emery board or nail file, and a client (among your mother,

father, brother, or sister, or anyone in your family). Follow the procedures and perform it

to your client. Practice doing it to five people in your family. Take a video or a picture of

you doing the activity to five people. Submit the video or pictures during the collection of

modules.

SHAPING THE NAILS

1. Trim the Nails

Trimming of nail plays a very vital role. It is very easy task but sometimes it causes

little problems such as unwanted abrasions and ingrown nails, when done improperly

Apply the following steps while cutting nails.

Step 01: Prepare the types of instruments for this task. Nail cutter, which has small or

medium slightly curved blades, which are suitable for trimming the fingernails. Nail

cutters with straight blades are suitable for use.

Step 02: Before using your nail cutter, make sure that it is clean. Wash your nail cutter

to remove dust and germs, especially when you are sharing your nail cutter with

someone else. Dry thoroughly after washing it.

Step 03: Wash your hands and your client’s hands. Wipe dry with any towel or tissue

paper to remove extra water. This process cleans the fingernails, and beside cleaning

fingernails it also helps in softening the nails and easier to cut them.






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Step 04: Cut nails in a place where you can clearly see what you are doing. Put a small

container near you in which you can collect the nails.

Step 05: Decide the shape of the nails with your client. Decide which shape he/she

actually wants. After deciding, lift the nail cutter and start cutting the nails.

` Step 06: Start cutting the nails starting from the little finger,

Step 07: Click on the nail cutter that can cut through the nail. You can make at least

two or three cuts of a fingernail until everything is snug. Follow the curve of the nail to

get a clean cut. Check skin flaps after each cut and remove carefully.

Step 08: Sit comfortably and crouch your knee side to easily reach up and see the

nails clearly. Be sure not to set up deep razor to prevent scratches. Adjust the position

of razor if you feel any discomfort.

Step 09: After cutting the nails, use a nail file to smooth any rough and odd surface of

newly trimmed nails. When you file, do it in on tilt – from the corner of the nail to go

down.

Step 10: Apply some moisturizer on your hands to keep the cuticles moisturized and

smooth.

2. File the Nails

Step 01: After cutting the nails, use a nail file to smooth any rough and odd surface of

newly trimmed nails. When you file, do it in on tilt – from the corner of the nail to go

down. Select the file with the most appropriate grit.

Step 02: Begin with the little finger on the left hand and moving towards the thumb.

Step 03: Hold the client’s finger between your thumb and your first two fingers of your

left hand.

Step 04: Hold the file in your right hand; tilt the file slightly so that filing is on the

underside of the free edge between 30 to 45 degrees.

Step 05: File from outside to center or corner to center; going from right to left and left

to right; use two short strokes and one long stroke on either side of the nail; gently

taper the sides to remove a sharp edge only file nails that are 0.3 cm and longer. Avoid

using a sawing motion and filing deep into the sides of the nail; they will appear longer

and grow stronger if permitted to grow out at the sides.

Step 06: Apply some moisturizer on your hands to keep the cuticles moisturized and

smooth






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Activity 6. 4

Directions: Think and share of your idea regarding the questions below. Use the things you

have learned in this module. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

1. What are the different parts of the nail? Draw and label each part.

2. Why do we need to know the different parts of the nails and the nail shapes?

3. Why do we need to know the different nail diseases and disorders?

4. When should we proceed in giving service? When should we not give service?

5. What is the relationship of the topics you have read and learned to the trimming of nails of

clients?

Activity 1.5

Activity 6.5

A. Directions: Prepare your nail care tools and materials. Shape the nails of a client following

the procedures in the Activity Sheet which you have performed and practiced to 5 persons.

Take a video of yourself doing the shaping from start to finish. You can also take pictures

and other forms of documentation. Submit your documentation during the collection of

modules.

Rubrics:

Criteria 4

Outstanding

3

Very

Satisfactory

2

Satisfactory

1

Needs

Improvement

General

Appearance

The different

nail shapes are

applied. Nail

shapes are

proportioned to

all nails are

observed.

The different

nail shapes are

mostly applied.

Nail shapes s

are mostly

proportioned to

all nails.

The different

nail shapes are

less applied

Nail shapes are

not all

proportioned to

all nails.

The different

nail shapes are

not applied. Nail

shapes are not

proportioned to

all nails.

Workmanship

Neatness in

work are always

Neatness in

work are

sometimes

Neatness in

work are less

observed.

Neatness in

work are not

observed.

GENERALIZATION

PERFORMANCE TASKS



S - VERSION 2.0

15

Criteria 4

Outstanding

3

Very

Satisfactory

2

Satisfactory

1

Needs

Improvement

observed. Use

tools properly.

observed.

There are few

errors in the use

of tools.

There are some

errors in the use

of tools.

There are lots of

errorsi n the use

of tools.

Cleanliness

Work area is

clean from start

to finish.

Cleanliness is

sometimes

observed while

working.

Cleanliness is

less observed

while working.

Cleanliness is

not observed

while working.

Speed

(10-20

minutes)

Finished ahead

of time.

Finished on

time

Finished after

the time

More than 30

minutes late.

B. Directions: Prepare your nail care tools and materials. Perform the following activities that

use the tools, materials, and equipment. Take a video or pictures of yourself doing the

procedures and send it to the teacher. You can practice performing first before taking the

documentation for grading.

Cleaning the Nails

Procedures:

1. Having prepared the manicure table, seat your client.

2. Wash your hands.

3. Sanitize client's hands.

4. Remove nail varnish-begin with the little finger on the left hand:

a. Wrap cotton pad between the second, middle and index fingers.

b. Moisten cotton pad with nail varnish remover.

c. Hold each finger individually and firmly press the moistened cotton wool unto the

nail plate.

d. Remove nail varnish from the base of the nail to the tip by firmly pulling the cotton

pad off the nail; this will avoid smearing old polish into the cuticle.

5. Trim and File/Shape nails

a. Agree with client the desired shape.

b. select the file with the most appropriate grit.

c. begin with the little finger on the left hand and moving towards the thumb.

d. hold the client's finger between your thumb and your first two fingers of your left

hand.

e. hold the file in your right hand; tilt the file slightly so that filing is mainly on the

underside of the free edge between 30 to 45.

f. file from outside to center; going from right to left and left to right; use two short

strokes and one long stroke on either side of the nail; gently taper the sides to

remove a sharp edge only file nails that are 0.3cm and longer.






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16

NOTE: Avoid using a sawing motion and filing deep into the sides of the nail; they

will appear longer and grow stronger if permitted to grow out at the sides.

6. Soften cuticle

a. Soak nails of the hand in a warm soapy water. Start with left hand.

7. Trim and file/shape the nails on the right hand. Remove left hand from the water.

Submerge/soak the right hand in the water.

8. Dry the left hand. Loosen the cuticle by applying cuticle remover. Begin loosening the

cuticle using rotary movements with a cuticle nail pusher or an orange wood stick

wrapped in cotton wool.

a. Use the spoon end of the cuticle pusher to pushback cuticles or orange wood stick.

b. Keep cuticles moist while doing this step.

9. Remove excess cuticle

a. Gently remove dead cuticle using small rotary movements.

b. Use cuticle nipper to trim excess cuticle, uneven cuticle, or hangnails: remove

cuticle as a single segment.

10. Clean under free edge. Use a cotton-tipped orangewood stick moistened with soapy

water to clean under the free edge. The movement is from center to toward the side

11. Remove right hand and repeat steps 6 to 9.

12. Brush Nails. Immerse both hands in water and use the nail brush to remove loose

cuticle.

13. Remove hands from water. Dry hands

14. Bevel nails. Use the fine side of the file to give the nails a smooth beveled edge.

15. Apply Benzalkonium chloride.

16. Repeat steps for the right hand.

Note:

• Client's jewelry should be removed, kept within sight of client, and replaced

immediately at the end of the service.

• Trim cuticle - if necessary, use cuticle nipper or scissor or cuticle knife for hang nails

or uneven cuticles. In cutting the cuticle be careful and push again after if necessary.

Rubrics:

Criteria/Dimensi

on

Highly

Skilled

5

Skilled

4

Moderately

Skilled

3

Unskilled

2

No Attempt

1

Use of tools,

equipment, and

materials

Appropriate

selection,

preparation

and use of

materials and

tools/

equipment all

the time

Appropriate

selection,

preparation

and use of

materials a

nd tools/

equipment

Appropriate

selection,

preparation

and use of

materials a

nd tools/

equipment

Never selects

,

prepares and

use

appropriate

materials and

tools/equipme

nt

No attempt t

o

use tools/

equipment






S - VERSION 2.0

17

Criteria/Dimensi

on

Highly

Skilled

5

Skilled

4

Moderately

Skilled

3

Unskilled

2

No Attempt

1

most of the

time

some of the

time

Application of

Procedure

Systematic

application of

procedures all

the time without

supervision

Systematic

application

of

procedures

most of the

time with

minimum

supervision

Systematic

application

of

procedures

some of the

time with

constant

supervision

Never follows

systematic

application of

procedures

and highly

development

on supervisio

n

No attempt t

o

apply

procedures t

o

project/activi

ty

Safety / Work

Habits

Highly self-

motivated and

observes all

safety

precautions alwa

ys. Wears PPE

all the time

Self-

motivated

and observ

es

most safety

precautions

most of the

time

Self-

motivated

and observ

es

sometimes

some safety

precautions

Needs to be

motivated and

does not

observe safet

y precaution

No motivatio

n

and totally

disregards

precaution

Speed / Time

Finished within

30 minutes

Work finished

ahead of time

Work finish

ed

meets

deadline

Work finish

ed

close to

deadline

Work finished

way beyond

deadline

No concept

of

time

I. FILL IN THE BLANK

Directions: Fill in the blanks with the correct answer. Write your answer on a separate

sheet of paper.

1. Free edge is the part of the nail that can be filed and shaped. It is an extension of

the________________ that overlaps the hyponychium.

2. _______________are the folds of skin that overlap the sides of the nail. It holds your

nail in place and protects the nail plate edges.

3. Nail bed is the part of the nail that the nail plate ___________________ on, also a

continuation of the matrix. It is abundantly supplied with blood vessels and nerves,

having numerous parallel ridges which dovetail exactly with the ridges on the under

surface of the nail plate.

4. Matrix is the only living reproducing part of the nail, this is situated directly below the

____________________.

5. ________________ is a visible nail that rests on the nail bed up to the free edge. This

is made up from dead cells and minimum amount of moisture.

6. ________________are long ridges that run either lengthwise or across the nail.

SELF – CHECK



S - VERSION 2.0

18

7. ________________is a term applicable to chronic inflammation of the nail fold and nail

bed.

8. Onychogryphosis pertains to extreme thickening curvature of the nails, usually it is

caused by varying degree of __________________.

9. Onychoptosis is the periodic ___________________ of one or more nails, either in the

whole or in part.

10. Ridges are caused by __________________ growth of the nails, usually resulting from

illness.

11. Blue nail is _________________ in color, may be attributed to poor blood circulation

or heart disorder.

12. _______________ are caused by an accident during manicure service.

13. _______________ is a condition in which the cuticle splits around the nail.

14. _______________ separates from the nailbed and curves at the free edge.

15. Onycholysis refers to the _________________of the nail from the nail bed, starting at

its distal and/or lateral attachment.

II. ILLUSTRATION

Directions: Illustrate the different parts of the nail and put label (5 points). Also illustrate

the different shapes of the nail practiced by the salons (5 points). Illustrate on a separate

sheet of paper.



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19

PRE-ASSESSMENT

I.IDENTIFICATION

A.

B.

II.MATCHING TYPE

1.b

2.c

3.d

4.e

5.g

6.h

7.i

8.j

9.k

10.l

REVIEW LESSON

Activity 6.1

Answers May Vary

Activity 6.2

Answers May Vary

ACTIVITY SHEET

ACTIVITY 6.3

A. B.Performance May Vary

GENERALIZATION

ACTIVITY 6.4

Answers May Vary

ANSWER KEYS

Note:

For Answers May Vary, the teacher will be the one to check it.

PERFORMANCE

TASKS

ACTIVITY 6.5

Performance may vary,

please refer to the

rubrics.

SELF-CHECK

I.FILL IN THE BLANK II. ILLUSTRTION

1.Nail Plate

2.Nail Wall

3.Rest

4.Cuticle

5.Nail plate

6.Furrows

7.Onychia

8.Hyperkeratosis

9.Shedding

10.Uneven

11.Bluish

12.Treating Cuts

13.Hangnails

14.Eggshell nails

15.Detachment



S - VERSION 2.0

20

REFERENCES

Printed Materials

Adriano, Beatriz A; Guardian, Annabel L. Beauty Care (Nail Care) Services. K to 12 Basic

Education Curriculum Technology and Livelihood Education Learning Module. Department of

Education. Pp 36-50

Mazhani, One; Sibanda, Laura; Deurwaarder Jan. Manicure and Pedicure. 2015. Francistown

College of Technical & Vocational Education. Private Bag F104, Francistown, Botswana. pp

42-50

Online Sources

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nail_disease

http://www.beautyweb.com/

http://www.google.com.ph/imgres

https://web.facebook.com/478424296051998/posts/shapes-of-nailthe-shape-of-nail-

conforms-to-that-of-finger-tips-of-an-individual/614602479100845/?_rdc=1&_rdr

https://www.amazon.com/Best-Cuticle-Pusher-Spoon-Cleaner/dp/B00XC0VJXC

https://www.realmenrealstyle.com/nail-grooming-tools/

https://www.shutterstock.com/search/broken+tools

https://www.slideshare.net/dayleenhijosa/tle-grade-7-lessons-57949257

https://www.stylecraze.com/articles/the-perfect-nail-shape/

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pJ03e-5p4qM

https://www.kreativestudios.com

http://hsearticles.blogspot.com/2017/01/common-types-of-hazards-in-workplace.html

www.cbd.int/ibd/2008/Resources/teachers/appendix3.shtml



S - VERSION 2.0

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nail_disease

http://www.beautyweb.com/

http://www.google.com.ph/imgres

ttps://web.facebook.com/478424296051998/posts/shapes-of-nailthe-shape-of-nail-c

ttps://web.facebook.com/478424296051998/posts/shapes-of-nailthe-shape-of-nail-c

https://www.amazon.com/Best-Cuticle-Pusher-Spoon-Cleaner/dp/B00XC0VJXC

https://www.realmenrealstyle.com/nail-grooming-tools/

https://www.slideshare.net/dayleenhijosa/tle-grade-7-lessons-57949257

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pJ03e-5p4qM

http://www.cbd.int/ibd/2008/Resources/teachers/appendix3.shtml

21

For inquiries or feedback, please write or call: Division of Cebu Province Office Address : IPHO Bldg., Sudlon, Lahug, Cebu City, Philippines Telefax : (032) 520-3216 – 520-3217; SDS Office: (032) 255 - 6405 E-mail Address : [email protected] Bitoon National Vocational High School Address : Bitoon, Dumanjug, Cebu Telephone : (032) 471-8001 E-mail Address : [email protected]



S - VERSION 2.0

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