Spatial and Temporal Patterns of Precipitation Intensity as Observed by the NAME Event Rain Gauge...

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SpatialandtemporalpatternsofprecipitationvariabilityovermainlandChina:II:Recenttrends

RENGuoyu1,2,RENYuyu1,2,ZHANYunjian3,SUNXiubao2,4,LIUYanju1,2,CHENYu1,2,WANGTao2,4

(1.NationalClimateCenter,Beijing100081,China;2.LaboratoryforClimateStudies,CMA,Beijing100081,China;

3.NationalMeteorologicalInformationCenter,CMA,Beijing100081,China;

4.CollegeofAtmosphericScience,NanjingUniversityofInformationScience&Technology,Nanjing210044,China)

Abstract:Applyingprecipitationindicesseriesofqualitycontrolleddailydatafromover2300stations,thecharacteristicsoflongtermprecipitationvariationsoverthepast60yearsformainlandChinaareanalyzed.Themainconclusionsareasfollows:① NosignificantlongtermtrendsofannualandseasonalprecipitationpercentageanomalieshavebeenfoundformainlandChinaasawhole,thougharelativelysignificantdecreaseandincreasehavebeenseenfortheseasonalprecipitationpercentageanomaliesforautumnandwinterrespectively;② DecreaseinannualandsummerprecipitationmainlyoccurredincentralandsouthernNortheastChina,NorthChina,westernCentralChinaandSouthwestChina.Increasemainlyoccurredinsoutheasterncoastalregion,themidandlowerreachesoftheYangtzeRiver,theQinghaiTibetanPlateauandNorthwestChina;③ Thespatialpatternsoftheannualandseasonalprecipitationtrendswererelativelystable.ThedecreaseareasmigratedfromtheLoessPlateauandNorthChinatowardnortheastandsouthwestafter1990s,theincreaseareasinNorthwestChinaandtheQinghaiTibetanPlateaudidnotchangemuchormarginallyexpanded,andtheincreaseareasinnorthernNortheastChinaandthemidandlowerreachesoftheYangtzeRiverobviouslyshrank.Intheeasternmonsoonregion,theareaswitheitherincreasingordecreasingtrendsreducedforthelasttwodecades;④ Significantincreasesinannualamountandfrequencyofrainstorms,318mm/10aand003d/10arespectively,havebeenobservedforthepast60years,thoughtheintensityofrainstormsremainedunchanged.TheincreasemostlyappearedinthePearlRiverbasinandtheriversofsoutheasternregion.TheHaiheRiverandtheriversofSouthwestChinawitnessedaremarkabledecreaseinannualamount,frequencyandintensityofrainstorms;⑤ Proportionsofthestationswithincrease(decrease)annualmaximum1d,continuousmaximum3dandcontinuousmaximum 5dprecipitationwere592% (408%),544% (456%)and515%(485%)respectively,andthosewithstatisticallysignificantincrease(decrease)are51% (12%),42%(25%)and37%(28%)respectively,indicatinganincreasingfrequencyandintensityofextremeintenseprecipitationevents,andatendencytowardshorterdurationforsingleextremeintenseprecipitationevents.

Keywords:precipitation;intenseprecipitation;rainstorm;trend;climatechange;mainlandChina

ThestudyisfinanciallysupportedbytheNationalNonProfitResearchProgramofChina(NoGYHY201206012).