Rules for the classification of ships, Part 26 - Welding, edition ...

RULES

FOR THE CLASSIFICATION OF

SHIPS

Part 26 – WELDING

July 2021

CROATIAN REGISTER OF SHIPPING

Hrvatska (Croatia) • 21000 Split • Marasovića 67 • P.O.B. 187

Tel.: (...) 385 (0)21 40 81 11

Fax.: (...) 385 (0)21 35 81 59

E-mail: [email protected]

web site: www.crs.hr

By the decision of the General Committee of Croatian Register of Shipping,

RULES FOR THE CLASSIFICATION OF SHIPS

Part 26 – WELDING

have been adopted on 28th June 2021 and shall enter into force on 1st July 2021


PART 26

2021

REVIEW OF AMENDMENTS IN RELATION TO PREVIOUS

EDITION OF THE RULES


Part 26 – WELDING

All major changes throughout the text in respect to the Rules for classification of ships, Part 26 – Welding, edition July

2019, as last amended by Amendments No. 1, edition July 2020 are shaded.

Items not being indicated as corrected has not been changed.

The grammatical and print errors, have also been corrected throughout the text of the subject Rules but are not indica-

ted as a correction.


PART 26

2021

This Part of the Rules includes the requirements of the following international Organisations:

International Association of Classification Societies (IACS)

Unified Requirements (UR):

W17 (rev. 5, 2018), W23 (rev. 2, Apr 2018, Corr. 1, June 2019), W26 (rev. 1, 2005), W28 (Rev. 2, 2012),

W32 (2016), W33 (rev. 1, May 2020), W34 (Dec 2019), W35 (June 2019)

Unified Recommendations (Rec.):

No. 17 (rev.1, Mar 2020), No. 20 (rev.1, 2007), No. 70 (rev.1, 2006)

International Standard Organization (ISO): -

European Norm (EN): -

European Norm with status of Croatian Norm:

HRN EN ISO 9606 series, HRN EN ISO 15614-1: 2017; HRN EN ISO 15614-2: 2007, HRN EN ISO 14731: 2008, HRN EN ISO

3834-1: 2007, HRN EN ISO 3834-2: 2007, HRN EN ISO 3834-3: 2007, HRN EN ISO 3834-4: 2007, HRN EN ISO 3834-5:

2007/corr.1:2008, HRI CEN ISO/TR 3834-6:2008, HRN EN ISO 5817: 2014, HRN EN ISO 6520-1: 2008, HRN EN ISO 10042:

2008/+corr. 1: 2008; HRN EN ISO 17652-2:2004 HRN EN ISO 17636-1: 2014, HRN EN ISO 19232-1: 2013, HRN EN ISO 7963:

2010, HRN EN ISO 17640: 2012, HRN EN ISO 7963: 2010, HRN EN ISO 16811: 2014, HRN EN ISO 17638: 2016; HRN EN

ISO 23278: 2015, HRN EN ISO 17635: 2017; HRN EN ISO 23277: 2015


PART 26

2021

Contents:

Page

1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS, PROOF OF QUALIFICATIONS, APPROVALS ......................................... 1

1.1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS .................................................................................................................................................... 1

1.2 REQUIREMENTS FOR APPROVAL OF WELDING SHOPS AND SHIPYARDS FOR PERFORMING OF WELDING

WORKS ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 2

1.3 QUALIFICATION TESTING AND CERTIFCATION OF WELDERS ..................................................................................... 4

1.4 WELDING PROCEDURE TESTS .............................................................................................................................................12

1.5 WELDING CONSUMABLES ....................................................................................................................................................32

1.6 OVERWELDABLE SHOP PRIMERS ........................................................................................................................................62

2 FABRICATION AND INSPECTION OF WELDED JOINTS ......................................................................... 63

2.1 FABRICATION OF WELDED JOINTS .....................................................................................................................................63

2.2 HEAT TREATMENT ..................................................................................................................................................................64

2.3 NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTING OF WELDS ..........................................................................................................................67

2.4 REQUIREMENTS FOR NDT SUPPLIERS ...............................................................................................................................70

2.5 NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTING OF SHIP HULL STEEL WELDS ........................................................................................72

2.6 ADVANCED NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTING OF MATERIALS AND WELDS ..................................................................80

3 WELDING IN THE VARIOUS FIELDS OF APPLICATION ......................................................................... 92

3.1 WELDING OF HULL STRUCTURES .......................................................................................................................................92

3.2 WELDING OF STEAM BOILERS AND PRESSURE VESSELS .............................................................................................96

3.3 WELDING OF PIPELINES ........................................................................................................................................................97

3.4 WELDING OF MACHINERY COMPONENTS ........................................................................................................................97

ANNEX I ............................................................................................................................................................................ 99

ANNEX II ........................................................................................................................................................................ 100

RULES FOR THE CLASSIFICATION OF SHIPS 1

PART 26

2021

1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS,

PROOF OF QUALIFICATIONS,

APPROVALS

1.1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

1.1.1 General

1.1.1.1 The present Part of the Rules (hereinafter re-

ferred to as: the Rules) applies to all welding operations per-

formed in the course of new constructions, conversion or re-

pair:

1. ship hull, superstructure, deck houses;

2. equipment and gear;

3. machinery and machinery installation;

4. steam boilers and pressure vessels;

5. piping;

when they are subject to classification and/or

technical supervision of the CROATIAN REGISTER OF

SHIPPING (hereinafter referred to as: the Register).

Note:

The terms "welding", "welding work", welding process" etc.

used in these Rules also cover all other thermal and/or mech-

anized joining processes such as brazing which, because they

are deemed as "special processes" under the terms of the

quality assurance standards, require pre-qualification which

has to be carried out by qualified personnel and constantly

monitored. These Rules shall be applied in an analogous

manner to these processes. The nature and scope of the quality

assurance measures required will be specified by the Register

on a case-by-case basis.

1.1.1.2 The present Part of the Rules applies to all weld-

ing works on machinery, installations and equipment for

which the Register has issued the Rules, guidelines or other

technical directions where reference is made to this Rules.

1.1.1.3 The present Part of the Rules shall be applied

analogously where other Rules, guidelines or directions issued

by the Register contain no special instructions with regard to

welding works.

1.1.1.4 The present Part of the Rules may be applied

analogously to other welding works, other than those referred

to in 1.1.1, if they are subject to the supervision of the

Register. Where necessary, these cases shall be considered by

the Register in each particular case.

1.1.1.5 Exceptions to the present Part of the Rules shall

be agreed with the Register in each particular case.

1.1.1.6 The Register reserves the right to make amend-

ments of the present Part of the Rules, should this prove nec-

essary on the basis of more recent knowledge or operating ex-

perience.

Other Rules, Standards and Specifications

1.1.2.1 The Standards and Instructions mentioned in the

following Sections of this Part of the Rules form an integral

part of it. The same applies to the working documents (e.g.

drawings, welding specifications, etc.) approved by the Regis-

ter.

1.1.2.2 The application of other Rules, standards, guide-

lines or other technical instructions shall be agreed with the

Register in each particular case.

1.1.2.3 If there are differences in requirements between

this Part of the Rules and the other relevant standards or

specifications, the requirements of this Part of the Rules shall

be applied, unless otherwise agreed.

1.1.3 Technical documentation

1.1.3.1 Technical documentation for welding which

shall be submitted to the Register for approval, prior to com-

mencement of fabrication, shall contain all necessary details

for the preparation, execution and where applicable, the in-

spection of the welds.

This information shall, as a rule, cover the fol-

lowing:

a) base materials, shapes and dimensions of

products;

b) welding process and welding consumables;

c) shapes and dimensions of welds;

d) preheating and heat input during welding;

e) heat treatment after welding;

f) subsequent treatment of the welds;

g) methods and scope of inspection;

h) requirements applicable to the welded joints

i) (e.g. quality, evaluation category and simi-

lar).

1.1.3.2 When during the manufacture of ships struc-

tures, materials, welding processes, welding consumables,

shapes and dimensions of welds, comply with the normal

shipbuilding practice the details referred to in 1.1.3.1. need not

be particularly specified.

1.1.3.3 For particular structures (e.g. liquefied gas

tanks), materials (e.g. high strength structural steels and clad

plates), or welding processes, the following additional infor-

mation and documentation shall be provided:

j) weld preparation, assembly and auxiliary

(tack) welds;

a) welding positions, welding sequence

(sketches);

b) weld build-up (build-up of joint) number of

passes;

c) heat input during welding (heat input per

unit of weld length).

1.1.4 Materials, Weldability

1.1.4.1 All materials shall be chosen in accordance with

the intended application and conditions of service and shall

comply with the Rules for the classification of ships, Part 25 -

Metallic Materials. Their properties shall be documented to

the specified extent by test certificates (e.g. in compliance

with HRN EN 10204).

1.1.4.2 If according to 1.1.4.1., materials to be welded

and their properties are not specified in the Rules for the clas-

sification of ships, Part 25 - Metallic Materials, the welding

shop shall prove their weldability (e.g. with respect to existing

2 RULES FOR THE CLASSIFICATION OF SHIPS

PART 26

2021

standards) or shall submit the material specifications for ap-

proval. Where there is any doubt to the weldability of materi-

al, the welding shop shall specially demonstrate it in the weld-

ing procedure tests.

1.1.4.3 The welding shop shall ensure that only materi-

als referred to in 1.1.4.1. and 1.1.4.2 are used and shall pro-

vide proof thereof at the Surveyors request.

1.1.5 Welding Consumables

1.1.5.1 Welding consumables shall enable a welded

joint to be appropriate to the base material and service condi-

tions. They shall be tested in compliance with the Section 1.5

and shall be approved for the respective application. This pro-

vision applies in analogous manner to brazing materials.

1.1.5.2 Approval shall be given, as a rule, by the Regis-

ter. When, in special cases, e.g. repairs, no welding consuma-

bles are approved by the Register, welding consumables ap-

proved by the other recognized testing bodies may be used in

agreement with the Register.

1.1.5.3 The welding shop supervisor shall ensure that

only tested welding consumables approved by the Register are

used and at the Surveyors request the proof thereof shall be

provided.

1.1.6 Quality Assurance, Responsibility

1.1.6.1 The welding shop is responsible for ensuring

that the manufacturing conditions and quality comply to those

at the time of approval as well as to the requirements of the

Rules and, where applicable, that the conditions stated in ap-

provals and supplementary Rules shall be complied with. The

shop shall also ensure through regular inspections and tests

that the required quality is achieved. The responsibilities of

the welding supervisors are also covered in EN ISO 14731.

The tests carried out by a Surveyor to the Register shall not re-

lieve the welding shop from this responsibility.

The range and extent of the quality inspections

required is determined by the structure in question.

1.1.6.2 When the delivery is carried out by subcontrac-

tors, the welding shop shall be responsible for ensuring that

the conditions of the present part of the Rules are complied

with by the subcontractors.

1.1.6.3 If alterations of the approved documentation or

deviations from approved manufacture procedure become

necessary, the welding shop shall apply for the Surveyors con-

sent thereto. The Surveyor shall notify any alterations during

fabrication.

1.1.6.4 The materials shall be marked in such a way that

they can be identified and matched up with the test certificate

during and after manufacture.

1.1.6.5 If the marking is likely to be erased during man-

ufacture, the welding shop shall promptly transfer the mark to

another part of the product.

1.1.6.6 In the manufacture of steam boilers and pressure

vessels, each weld joint shall be marked with the welders

symbol. This requirement may be dispensed with if the weld-

ing shop supervisory staff keep a record of the welders names

who execute the individual weld joint.

1.1.7 Inspection, liability

1.1.7.1 The welding shop is liable to present all compo-

nents of the required intermediate and final inspections to the

Surveyor. All welded joint shall be easily accessible for in-

spection. Welded joints shall not be tested with coatings or

protected so as to make it difficult or impossible to inspect the

weld in concern.

1.1.7.2 All the manufacturers records and documents

regarding the quality assurance shall be submitted to the Reg-

ister for inspection.

These shall cover in particular:

− drawings and other working documents;

− material test certificates;

− welders and welding procedure test certifi-

cates;

− test reports and relevant documents (radio-

graphs, ultrasonographs) of non-destructive

tests;

− certificates on hot-forming and heat treat-

ment (where applicable);

− production test results, intermediate results

(if necessary).

1.1.7.3 The Register shall give no guarantees that weld-

ed structures or components tested by its surveyor fully com-

ply with the requirements and that their manufacture has been

performed correctly and in accordance with the tested proce-

dure. Products which prove defective in service or in operation

may be rejected even if an earlier inspection was satisfactory,

if the defect or deficiency cannot be rectified.

1.2 REQUIREMENTS FOR APPROVAL

OF WELDING SHOPS AND SHIPYARDS

FOR PERFORMING OF WELDING

WORKS

1.2.1 Approval

1.2.1.1 Shipyards and welding shops including their

branches and subcontractors (hereinafter organizations) which

perform welding works on structures referred to in 1.1.1., shall

be approved for these works by the Register.

The preconditions for this approval are that the

organization satisfy the requirements stated in 1.2.2, that they

are inspected by the Register in accordance with 1.2.3 and,

where necessary, that the welding procedure tests are carried

out in accordance with 1.2.4.

Any approval in accordance with 1.2.1.1 covers

the most essential welding quality requirements in accordance

with the standards HRN EN ISO 3834. For certification under

the terms of these standards, the requirements set out in 1.2.2

and 1.2.3 must be also met. These additional requirements

shall be regarded as having been met when the organization

has in place a certified quality assurance system in accordance

with standard HRN EN ISO 9001.

In special cases, a welding shop may be ap-

proved for performing welding works within the restricted ar-

ea of activity, under the special procedure, previously ap-

proved by the Register.


PART 26

2021

1.2.1.2 The application for approval shall be submitted

in writing to the Register. The application shall contain the

following data relating to the approval:

− nature and structure of components;

− categories and dimensions of the materials

used;

− welding procedures and positions;

− heat treatments (where necessary);

− pressure vessel class (for boilers and pres-

sure vessels).

1.2.1.3 If a certificate of compliance with the welding

quality requirements stipulated in HRN EN ISO 3834-2, -3 or

-4 is required over and above approval in accordance with

these Rules, this must be expressly noted in the application for

approval.

1.2.1.4 Application for approval (the form is specified

in Appendix I of the present Rules) submitted to the Register

shall contain the following documentation:

− a description of organization (the form is

specified in Appendix II of the present

Rules);

− copies of the qualification documents of the

welding supervisors;

− copies of the welders certificate or the list of

the qualified welders (testing standard, test-

ing body, date of testing, test category, date

of the last re-test) signed by a Surveyor.

− copies of the welding procedure certificates.

1.2.1.5 For certification in accordance with 1.2.1.3, in-

formation and documents relating to the elements specified in

Appendix I to HRN EN ISO 3834-1 for the respective grade of

requirement (HRN EN ISO 3834-2 = comprehensive, -3 =

standard, or -4 = elementary quality requirements) must be al-

so enclosed with the application for approval (e.g. in the form

of relevant procedure instructions):

- contract review

- design review

- treatment of subcontractors

- equipment maintenance

- quality inspections

- non conformances

- calibration

- identification

- traceability

If the organization operates a certified quality

system comforming to the standard HRN EN ISO 9001, the

Quality Manual (and if specified in Appendix I to HRN EN

ISO 3834-1) documentation relating to the quality assurance

measures performed (quality reports) must be submitted to the

Register for inspection in place (of the above information and

documents).

1.2.1.6 An approval granted according to these Rules or

certification in accordance with HRN EN ISO 3834 shall be

valid for three (3) years. If the welding works are constantly

performed under the supervision of the Register, the validity

may be extended, at request of the organization, for next three

years, without subsequent examination.

When welding works are being performed with-

out the Register's supervision for more than one year, the va-

lidity of the Approval Certificate may be extended for a period

of three years, after the repeated supervision of the organiza-

tion.

1.2.1.7 If the conditions under which the approval was

granted, changed (e.g. the use of unqualified welding proce-

dures, materials and/or welding consumables, or if the organi-

zation supervisory staff has changed), the organization shall

duly notify the Register.

If the organization does not stick to the condi-

tions under which the approval was granted to it, the approval

shall cease to be valid. Also in case that serious defects are de-

tected, the Register may carry out interim inspection and if

necessary, may withdraw the approval.

1.2.2 Requirements

1.2.2.1 Organization shall have at its disposal suitable

workshops, equipment and machinery to the extent necessary

for proper performance of welding works. This includes, for

example, suitable storage facilities and baking equipment for

the welding consumables, preheating and heat treatment

equipment and means for weather protection of welding work

in the open air. Equipment and facilities which do not belong

to the organization may be taken into account when evaluating

the capabilities of the organization provided that the condi-

tions necessary for the proper manufacture are complied with

and that such equipment is available without restrictions

1.2.2.2 Organization shall have at least one fully quali-

fied welding supervisor who is responsible for ensuring of per-

forming quality welding works.

Welding supervisor shall have experience ap-

propriate to the scope of the manufacture works and shall pro-

vide necessary documentary proof to the Register.

With respect to the nature and work extent, the

following persons shall be appointed as welding supervisors:

− welding engineers 1; for fabrication of im-

portant components of the hull structure and

of offshore installations, also of handling

equipment, steam boilers, pressure vessels,

pressure lines and engine and transmission

components,

− welding technicians 2 for fabrication of sim-

pler or less heavily stressed components.

For information relating to the qualification of

the welding supervising staff, their tasks and responsibilities,

see EN ISO 14731.

The welding supervisor shall be permanently

employed with the organization. Supervisions on the welding

works by outside staff is not acceptable.

1.2.2.3 Organization shall be staffed with qualified

welders and for automatic welding with adequately trained

operators. The required number of qualified welders shall be

1 welding engineers (IWE, IWT, IWS) in the recommenda-

tions of the International Institute of Welding (IIW) / Eu-

ropean Welding Federation (EWF) or engineers with on

equivalent level of knowledge.

2 welding technicians (IWT, IWS) as defined in the recom-

mendations of the International Institute of Welding (IIW)

/ European Welding Federation (EWF) or, if necessary,

other persons with suitable knowledge.


PART 26

2021

determined by the size of organization and the scope of

welding works performed under supervision of the Register.

However, a minimum of two qualified welders are required,

for each welding process. Welders for manual and semi-

automatic welding shall be tested in accordance with the

Section 1.3.

The welding of a test piece in a successfully

completed welding procedure may be taken as a proof of

manual skill for testing of welder qualification.

Operators of fully mechanised or automatic

welding equipment shall be trained in the use of the equipment

and be capable of setting and operating the equipment in such

a way that the required weld quality is achieved. The qualifi-

cation of the operators must be demonstrated in accordance

with HRN EN ISO 14732, on welded test pieces, e.g. in weld-

ing procedure or fabrication test.

1.2.3 Inspection

1.2.3.1 Before starting the manufacture, a Surveyor

shall inspect organization in compliance with the requirements

of 1.2.2.

1.2.3.2 The inspection of organization shall include all

documentation necessary for evaluation of quality assurance

which shall be submitted to a Surveyor. These especially in-

clude the welding supervisors qualification documents, weld-

ers certificates, reports on previous welding procedure tests as

well as the results of the previous tests of welded joints.

For certification according to HRN EN ISO

3834, compliance with the additional quality requirements

stated in the standards shall be demonstrated to the Surveyor.

1.2.3.3 Inspection procedure, reporting and decision of

issuance Approval Certificate is to be in accordance with the

Rules for the classification of ships, Part 1 – General Re-

quirements, Chapter 4 – Approval of manufacturers and ser-

vice suppliers.

1.2.4 Welding Procedure Tests

1.2.4.1 If welding procedure tests are required they shall

be carried out before the approval of organization or extension

of the approval validity. Requirements for the performance of

these tests and requirements applicable to test results are given

in Section 1.4. Welding procedure tests shall be performed in

such a way that the conditions of manufacture are covered

with regard to materials, welding procedures, welding con-

sumables, wall thickness, shapes of welds and heat treatment.

The properties of base material for test piece shall be docu-

mented by test certificate.

1.2.4.2 In general, a welding procedure test is valid only

within the tolerances specified in the Approval Certificate and

shall not be transferable from the organization where it has

been performed to another organization. The Register may

permit the exemption in case of a branch organization which is

under the constant supervision of the main organization where

the manufacture conditions are the same as well as the weld-

ing processes used. Welding procedure tests performed in the

workshop are not valid at the same time for welding in the

field. In such cases the welding procedure test shall be repeat-

ed in a whole or partly under field conditions as determined by

the Register. The Register may desist from the repeated tests if

the properties of the field welds are documented by the pro-

duction tests.

1.2.4.3 Welding procedure tests performed under the

supervision of other testing bodies may be accepted by the

Register in a whole or partly at the organization request if they

are acceptable on the basis of test results. In such cases, the

complete test reports as well as the Approval Certificate issued

by other testing body shall be submitted to the Register for

evaluation.

1.2.5 Certificate on Approval; Certificate

according to HRN EN ISO 3834

The Register shall issue Certificate on Approval

for the organization to carry out welding works, provided the

relevant requirements are satisfied in the tests. The Certificates

on Approval shall be valid within the limits specified in the

Certificates. Where proof has been furnished that the addition-

al requirements listed in 1.2.1.5 according to HRN EN ISO

3834 have been met, the Register issued a certificate based on

this in accordance with this standard.

If the previously issued Certificate on Approval

has been replaced or amended, the data specified in the more

recent Certificate shall be taken as valid. This applies specially

to the range of application, e.g. for a specific welding process-

es.

1.3 QUALIFICATION TESTING AND

CERTIFCATION OF WELDERS

1.3.1 General

1.3.1.1 Welders intended to be engaged in welding of

hull structural steels shall be qualified in accordance with

1.3.2.

Welders intended to be engaged in welding on

structures other than referred to in 1.1.1 shall be certified to a

standard recognised by the Register, e.g. HRN EN ISO 9606

series, ASME Section IX, ANSI/AWS D1.1.

1.3.1.1 Recognition of other standards is subject to ac-

ceptance by the Register.

1.3.1.2 Qualification tests shall be carried out under su-

pervision of the Register and in compliance with the require-

ments of this Section.

1.3.2 Qualification scheme for welders of hull

structural steels

1.3.2.1 Scope

1.3.2.1.1 This section gives requirements for a qualification

scheme for welders intended to be engaged in the fusion

welding of steels as specified in the Rules for the classification

of ships, Part 25 - Metallic Materials, Sections 3.2, 3.11, 3.12

and 3.4.2 for hull structures.

1.3.2.1.2 This qualification scheme does not cover weld-

ers engaged in oxy-acetylene welding.


PART 26

2021

1.3.2.1.3 This qualification scheme does not cover weld-

ing of pipes.

1.3.2.2 General

1.3.2.2.1 Those welders intended to be engaged in weld-

ing of hull structures in shipyards and manufacturers shall be

tested and qualified in accordance with this scheme and issued

with a qualification certificate endorsed by the Register.

1.3.2.2.2 The welding operator responsible for setting up

and/or adjustment of fully mechanized and automatic equip-

ment, such as submerged arc welding, gravity welding, elec-

tro-gas welding and MAG welding with auto-carriage, etc.,

must be qualified whether he operates the equipment or not.

However, a welding operator, who solely oper-

ates the equipment without responsibility for setting up and/or

adjustment, does not need qualification provided that he has

experience of the specific welding work concerned and the

production welds made by the operators are of the required

quality.

The qualification test and approval range of the

welding operator are left to the discretion of the Register with

reference to HRN EN ISO 14732.

1.3.2.2.3 These requirements are applicable to welding of

hull structures both during new construction and the repair of

ships.

1.3.2.2.4 The training of welders, control of their qualifi-

cation and maintenance of their skills are the responsibility of

shipyards and manufacturers. The Surveyor is to verify and be

satisfied that the welders are appropriately qualified.

1.3.2.2.5 Welders or welding operators qualified in ac-

cordance with national or international welder qualification

standards may also be engaged in welding of hull structures at

the discretion of the Register provided that the qualification

testing, range of approval and revalidation requirements are

considered equivalent to these requirements.

1.3.2.3 Range of qualification of welders

1.3.2.3.1 A welder is to be qualified in relation to the fol-

lowing variables of welding:

a) base metal

b) welding consumables type

c) welding process

d) type of welded joint

e) plate thickness

f) welding position

1.3.2.3.2 Base metals for qualification of welders or weld-

ing operators are combined into one group with a specified

minimum yield strength ReH ≤ 460 N/mm2.

The welding of any one metal in this group co-

vers qualification of the welder or welding operator for the

welding of all other metals within this group.

1.3.2.3.3 For manual metal arc welding, qualification tests

are required using basic, acid or rutile covered electrodes. The

type of covered electrodes (basic, acid or rutile) included in

the range of approval is left at the discretion of the Register.

Welding with filler material qualifies for weld-

ing without filler material, but not vice versa.

1.3.2.3.4 The welding processes for welder’s qualification

are to be classified in Table 1.3.2.3.1 as,

M - Manual welding

S - Semi-automatic welding / Partly mecha-

nized welding

T - TIG welding

Each testing normally qualifies only for one

welding process. A change of welding process requires a new

qualification test.

1.3.2.3.5 The types of welded joint for welder’s qualifica-

tion are to be classified as shown in Table 1.3.2.3.2 in accord-

ance with the qualification test.

Welders engaged in full/partial penetration T

welds shall be qualified for butt welds for the welding process

and the position corresponding to the joints to be welded.

Table 1.3.2.3.1

Welding processes for welder’s qualification

Symbol Welding process in actual welding works HRN EN ISO 4063

M Manual welding Manual metal arc welding (metal arc welding

with covered electrode) 111

S Partly mechanized welding

Metal inert gas (MIG) welding 131

Metal active gas (MAG) welding

Flux cored arc (FCA) welding 135, 138(1), 136(2)

T TIG welding Tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding 141

Note:

The Register may require separate qualification for solid wires, metal-cored wires and flux cored wires as follows:

(1) A change from MAG welding with solid wires (135) to that with metal cored wires (138), or vice versa is permitted.

(2) A change from a solid or metal cored wire (135/138) to a flux cored wire (136) or vice versa requires a new welder

qualification test.


PART 26

2021

Table 1.3.2.3.2

Types of welded joint for welder’s qualification

Type of welded joint used in the test assembly for the qualification test Type of welded joint qualified

Butt weld

Single sided weld

With backing A A, C, F

Without backing B A, B, C, D, F

Double sided weld

With gouging C A, C, F

Without gouging D A, C, D, F

Fillet weld - - F F

1.3.2.3.6 For fillet welding, welders who passed the

qualification tests for multi-layer technique welding can be

deemed as qualified for single layer technique, but not vice

versa.

1.3.2.3.7 The qualified plate thickness range arising from

the welder qualification test plate thickness is shown in Table

1.3.2.3.3. The types of welded joint for welder’s qualifica-

tion.

Table 1.3.2.3.3

Plate thicknesses for welder’s qualification

Thickness of test assembly

T (mm)

Qualified plate

thickness range

t (mm)

T < 3 T ≤ t ≤ 2T

3 ≤ T < 12 3 ≤ t ≤ 2T

12 ≤ T 3 ≤ t

1.3.2.3.8 The welding positions qualified as a result of

the actual welding position used in a satisfactory welder’s

qualification test, are shown in Table 1.3.2.3.4 and Table

1.3.2.3.5. Diagrams showing the definitions of weld position

used in Table 1.3.2.3.4 and Table 1.3.2.3.5 are shown in Fig-

ure 1.3.2.3.1.

The Register may require a qualification test

with fillet welding for welders who are employed to perform

fillet welding only. Welders engaged in welding of T joints

with partial or full penetration are to be qualified for butt

welding.

1.3.2.3.9 A welder qualified for butt or fillet welding can

be engaged in tack welding for the welding process and posi-

tion corresponding to those permitted in his certificate.

Alternatively, welders engaged in tack welding

only can be qualified on the test assemblies shown in Figure

1.3.2.4.4 or Figure 1.3.2.4.5.

Table 1.3.2.3.4

Qualified welding positions when testing with butt welding

Qualification

test position

with butt

weld

Qualified welding positions in

actual welding works

Butt welds Fillet welds

PA PA PA, PB

PC PA, PC PA, PB, PC

PE PA, PC, PE PA, PB, PC, PD, PE

PF PA, PF PA, PB, PF

PG PG PG

Table 1.3.2.3.5

Qualified welding positions when testing with fillet welding

Qualification

test position with

fillet weld

Qualified welding positions in

actual welding works

Fillet welds

PA PA

PB PA, PB

PC PA, PB, PC

PD PA, PB, PC; PD, PE

PE PA, PB, PC, PD, PE

PF PA, PB, PF

PG PG


PART 26

2021

a) PA: flat position b) PB: horizontal vertical position

c) PC: horizontal position d) PD: horizontal overhead position

e) PE: overhead position

f) PF: Vertical up position g) PG: vertical down position

Note:

- p is the welding position

Figure 1.3.2.3.1

Welding positions


PART 26

2021

1.3.2.4 Qualification test

1.3.2.4.1 General

1.3.2.4.1.1 Welding of the test assemblies and testing of

test specimens shall be witnessed by the Surveyor.

1.3.2.4.2 Test assemblies

1.3.2.4.2.1 Test assemblies for butt welds and for fillet

welds are to be prepared as shown in Figure 1.3.2.4.1, Figure

1.3.2.4.2 and Figure 1.3.2.4.3 in each qualification test.

1.3.2.4.2.2 Test assemblies for butt tack welds and for fil-

let tack welds are to be prepared as shown in Figure 1.3.2.4.4

and Figure 1.3.2.4.5.

1.3.2.4.2.3 Testing materials and welding consumables

shall conform to one of the following requirements or to be

of equivalent grade approved by the Register.

a) Testing materials

- Hull structural steels specified in the

Rules for the classification of ships,

Part 25 - Metallic materials, Section

3.2 - Normal and higher strength

structural steels,

- Hull structural forged steels specified

in the Rules for the classification of

ships, Part 25 - Metallic materials,

Section 3.11 - Hull and machinery

steel forgings,

- Hull structural cast steels specified in

Rules for the classification of ships,

Part 25 - Metallic materials, Section

3.12 - Hull and machinery steel cast-

ings,

- Hull structural steels with specified

minimum yield point 460 N/mm2

specified in Rules for the classifica-

tion of ships, Part 25 - Metallic mate-

rials, Section 3.4.2 - Application of

YP47 steel plates,

b) Welding consumables

- Consumables for hull structural steels

specified in Section 1.5.1.

- Consumables for YP47 steels speci-

fied in the Rules for the classification

of ships, Part 25 - Metallic materials,

3.4.2.6.4.

1.3.2.4.2.4 The welder qualification test assembly is to be

welded according to a welding procedure specification (WPS

or pWPS) simulating the conditions in production, as far as

practicable.

1.3.2.4.2.5 Root run and capping run need each to have a

minimum of one stop and restart. The welders are allowed to

remove minor imperfections only in the stop by grinding be-

fore restart welding.

Figure 1.3.2.4.1

Dimensions and types of test assembly for butt welds (T < 12 mm)


PART 26

2021

Figure 1.3.2.4.2

Dimensions and types of test assembly for butt welds (T ≥ 12 mm)

Figure 1.3.2.4.3

Dimensions and types of test assembly for fillet welds


PART 26

2021

Figure 1.3.2.4.4

Dimensions and types of test assembly for tack butt welds

Figure 1.3.2.4.5

Dimensions and types of test assembly for tack fillet welds


PART 26

2021

1.3.2.4.3 Examination and test

1.3.2.4.3.1 The test assemblies specified in 1.3.2.4.2 shall

be examined and tested as follows:

a) For butt welds

- Visual examination

- Bend test

Note:

Radiographic test or fracture test may be carried out in lieu

of bend test except the gas shielded welding processes with

solid wire or metal cored wire.

b) For fillet welds


- Fracture test

Note:

Two macro sections may be taken in lieu of the fracture test.

c) For tack welds


- Fracture test

Additional tests may be required, at the discre-

tion of the Register.

1.3.2.4.3.2 Visual examination

The welds shall be visually examined prior to

the cutting of the test specimen for the bend test and fracture

test. The result of the examination is to show the absence of

cracks or other serious imperfections.

Imperfections detected are to be assessed in ac-

cordance with quality level B in ISO 5817, except for the fol-

lowing imperfection types for which level C applies:

− Excess weld metal

− Excess penetration

− Excessive convexity

− Excessive throat thickness

1.3.2.4.3.3 Bend test

Transverse bend test specimens are to be in ac-

cordance with the Rules, Part 25-Metallic materials, Section

2 Test specimens and mechanical testing procedures for ma-

terial.

The mandrel diameter to thickness ratio (i.e.

D/T) is to be that specified for welding consumable (Section

1.5.1 and the Rules for the classification of ships, Part 25 -

Metallic materials, 3.4.2.6.4.

Two face bend test and two root bend test spec-

imens are to be tested for initial qualification test, and one

face and one root bend test specimens for extension of ap-

proval. For thickness 12mm and over, four side specimens

(two side specimens for extension of approval) with 10 mm

in thickness may be tested as an alternative.

At least one bend test specimen shall include

one stop and restart in the bending part, for root run or for

cap run.

The test specimens are to be bent through 180

degrees. After the test, the test specimens shall not reveal any

open defects in any direction greater than 3mm. Defects ap-

pearing at the corners of a test specimen during testing should

be investigated case by case.

1.3.2.4.3.4 Radiographic test

When radiographic testing is used for butt

welds, imperfections detected shall be assessed in accordance

with ISO 5817, level B.

1.3.2.4.3.5 Fracture test (Butt welds)

When fracture test is used for butt welds, full

test specimen in length is to be tested in accordance with ISO

9017. Imperfections detected shall be assessed in accordance

with ISO 5817, level B.

1.3.2.4.3.6 Fracture test (Fillet welds)

The fracture test is to be performed by folding

the upright plate onto the through plate.

Evaluation shall concentrate on cracks, porosity

and pores, inclusions, lack of fusion and incomplete penetra-

tion. Imperfections that are detected shall be assessed in ac-

cordance with ISO 5817, level B.

1.3.2.4.3.7 Macro examination

When macro examination is used for fillet

welds, two test specimens are to be prepared from different

cutting positions; at least one macro examination specimen

shall be cut at the position of one stop and restart in either

root run or cap run. These specimens are to be etched on one

side to clearly reveal the weld metal, fusion line, root pene-

tration and the heat affected zone.

Macro sections shall include at least 10mm of

unaffected base metal.

The examination is to reveal a regular weld

profile, through fusion between adjacent layers of weld and

base metal, sufficient root penetration and the absence of de-

fects such as cracks, lack of fusion, etc.

1.3.2.4.4 Retest

1.3.2.4.4.1 When a welder fails a qualification test, the fol-

lowing shall apply.

a) In cases where the welder fails to meet

the requirements in part of the tests, a re-

test may be welded immediately, consist-

ing of another test assembly of each type

of welded joint and position that the

welder failed. In this case, the test is to be

done for duplicate test specimens of each

failed test.All retest specimens shall meet

all of the specified requirements.

b) In cases where the welder fails to meet

the requirements in all parts of the re-

quired tests or in the retest prescribed in

4.4.1 a), the welder shall undertake fur-

ther training and practice.

c) When there is specific reason to question

the welder’s ability or the period of effec-

tiveness has lapsed, the welder shall be

re-qualified in accordance with the tests

specified in 4.2 and 4.3.


PART 26

2021

1.3.2.4.4.2 Where any test specimen does not comply with

dimensional specifications due to poor machining, a replace-

ment test assembly shall be welded and tested.

1.3.2.5 Certification

1.3.2.5.1 Qualification certificates are normally issued

when the welder has passed the qualification test by the Reg-

ister. Each Shipyard and Manufacturer shall be responsible

for the control of the validity of the certificate and the range

of the approval.

1.3.2.5.2 The following items shall be specified in the

certificate:

a) Range of qualification for base metal,

welding processes, filler metal type, types

of welded joint, plate thicknesses and

welding positions.

b) Expiry date of the validity of the qualifi-

cation.

c) Name, date of birth, identification and the

photograph of the welder.

d) Name of shipbuilder / manufacturer.

1.3.2.5.3 When a certificate is issued, the relative docu-

ments such as test reports and/or revalidation records shall be

archived as annexes to the copy of certificate according to the

rules of the Register.

1.3.2.5.4 The status of approvals of each individual qual-

ification is to be demonstrated to the Register when request-

ed.

1.3.2.6. Period of Validity

1.3.2.6.1 Initial approval

1.3.2.6.1.1 Normally the validity of the welder’s approval

begins from the issue date of qualification certificate when all

the required tests are satisfactorily completed.

The certificate is to be signed at six-month in-

tervals by the shipyards/manufacturers personnel who is re-

sponsible for production weld quality provided that all the

following conditions are fulfilled:

a) The welder shall be engaged with reason-

able continuity on welding work within

the current range of approval. An inter-

ruption for a period no longer than six

months is permitted.

b) The welder’s work shall in general be in

accordance with the technical conditions

under which the approval test is carried

out.

c) There shall be no specific reason to ques-

tion the welder’s skill and knowledge.

1.3.2.6.1.2 If any of these conditions are not fulfilled, the

Register is to be informed and the certificate is to be can-

celled.

The validity of the certificate may be main-

tained in agreement with the Register as specified in

1.3.2.6.2. The maintenance scheme of qualification is in ac-

cordance with 1.3.2.6.2.1 a) or b).

1.3.2.6.2 Maintenance of the approval

1.3.2.6.2.1 Revalidation shall be carried out by the Regis-

ter. The skill of the welder shall be periodically verified by

one of the following:

a) The welder shall be tested every 3 years.

b) Every 2 years, two welds made during the

last 6 months of the 2 years validity peri-

od shall be tested by radiographic or ul-

trasonic testing or destructive testing and

shall be recorded. The weld tested shall

reproduce the initial test conditions ex-

cept for the thickness. These tests revali-

date the welder's qualifications for an ad-

ditional 2 years.

1.3.2.6.2.2 The Register has to verify compliance with the

above conditions and sign the maintenance of the welder’s

qualification certificate.

1.4 WELDING PROCEDURE TESTS

1.4.1 Scope

1.4.1.1 This Section gives requirements for qualifica-

tion tests of welding procedures intended for the use of weld-

able steels and aluminium alloys as specified in Rules for the

classification of ships, Part 25 – Metallic materials, Sections

3.2, 3.4, 3.11, 3.12, 5.1 and 5.2. The welding procedure tests

of other metallic materials shall be considered by the Register

in each particular case.

Welding procedures applied for manufacture

and build in of structures referred to in 1.1.1 shall be tested

and approved by the Register in compliance with the re-

quirements of this Section.

This Section specifies the scope and methods of

the welding procedure testing for the arc welding processes

of steels and aluminium alloys referred to in 1.3.1.2. Other

processes shall be specially approved.

1.4.1.2 Welding procedure qualification tests made in

accordance with EN, ISO, JIS, AWS or ASME may be con-

sidered for acceptance provided that, as a minimum, they are

equivalent to and meet the technical intent of these Rules to

the satisfaction of the Surveyor.

1.4.2 General

1.4.2.1 Welding procedure qualification tests are in-

tended to verify that a manufacturer is adequately qualified to

perform welding operations using a particular procedure.

1.4.2.2 In general welding procedure tests are to reflect

fabrication conditions in respect to welding equipment, inside

or outside fabrication, weld preparation, preheating and any

postweld heat treatment. It is to be the manufacturer’s re-

sponsibility to establish and document whether a procedure is

suitable for the particular application.

1.4.2.3 For the welding procedure approval the weld-

ing procedure qualification test is to be carried out with satis-

factory results. Welding procedure specifications are to refer

to the test results achieved during welding procedure qualifi-

cation testing.


PART 26

2021

1.4.2.4 Welding procedures qualified at a manufacturer

are valid for welding in workshops under the same technical

and quality management.

1.4.3 Preliminary welding procedure

specification and welding procedure

specification

1.4.3.1 A welding procedure specification (WPS) is to

be prepared by the shipyard or manufacturer which intends

toperform the welding procedure qualification test. This doc-

ument is also referred to as a preliminary welding procedure

specification (pWPS). The pWPS can be modified and

amended during procedure tests as deemed necessary howeer

it is to define all relevant variables as mentioned in the WPS

(refer to HRN EN ISO 15614 or other recognized standards).

1.4.3.2 The shipyard or manufacturer is to submit to

the Register a pWPS for review prior to the tests. In case that

the test pieces welded according to the pWPS show unac-

ceptable results the pWPS is to be adjusted by the shipyard or

manufacturer. The new pWPS is to be prepared and the test

pieces welded in accordance with the new pWPS.

1.4.3.3 The WPS is to be used as a basis for the pro-

duction welds, and upon satisfactory completion of the tests

based on the pWPS, the Register may approve it as a WPS.

In case that a WPS is approved by the Register the approval

range is to be in compliance with Section 1.4.4.6 (steels) and

1.4.5.5 (aluminium alloys).

1.4.3.4 A welding procedure specification shall, as a

minimum, containing the following data as relevant for the

welding operation:

- parent material (grade, standard, conditi-

ons of heat treatment) and thickness ran-

ge,

- dimensions of base material (thickness,

diameter),

- type of welding process and equipment as

appropriate,

- joint/grove design, preparation and

backing material, if any,

- welding position/s and direction of wel-

ding,

- welding consumables (grade, trade name,

electrode or wire diameter, shiel-

ding/backing gas, flux),

- welding sequence, number and order of

passes (layers),

- welding parameters (current, voltage, tra-

vel speeds, etc.),

- preheat and interpass temperature,

- post-weld heat treatment if applicable,

- other information relevant to the welding

procedure as applicable.

1.4.4 Qualification of welding procedures for

steels

1.4.4.1 General

1.4.4.1.1 Preparation and welding of test pieces are to be

carried out in accordance with the pWPS and under the gen-

eral condition of production welding which it represents.

1.4.4.1.2 Welding of the test assemblies and testing of

test specimens are to be witnessed by the Surveyor.

1.4.4.1.3 If tack welds and/or start and stop points are a

condition of the weld process they are to be fused into the

joint and are to be included in the test assemblies.

1.4.4.2 Butt weld

1.4.4.2.1 Assembly of test pieces in plate

The test assembly is to be of a size sufficient to

ensure a reasonable heat distribution and according to Fig.

1.4.4.2-1 with the minimum dimensions:

a) manual or semi-automatic welding:

width = 2a, a = 3 x t, min 150 mm

length b = 6 x t, min 350 mm

b) automatic welding:

width = 2a, a = 4 x t, min 200 mm

length b = 1000 mm

For hull structural steel plates impact tested in

the longitudinal direction (CVN-L) in the Rules for the clas-

sification of ships, Part 25 – Metallic materials, Section 3.2,

the butt weld of the test piece is perpendicular to the rolling

direction of the two plates.

For high strength quenched and tempered steel

plates impact tested in the transverse direction (CVN-T) in

Rules for the classification of ships, Part 25 – Metallic mate-

rials, Section 3.4, the butt weld of the test piece is parallel to

the rolling direction of the two plates.

Figure 1.4.4.2-1

Test assembly for a butt weld in plate


PART 26

2021

1.4.4.2.2 Assembly of test pieces in pipe

The test assembly is to be in accordance with

Figure 1.4.4.2-2. When small pipe diameters are used, several

test pieces may appear necessary.

a = minimum value 150 mm

D = outside diameter

t = wall thickness

Figure 1.4.4.2-2

Test assembly for a butt weld in pipe

1.4.4.2.3 Assembly of test pieces for a branch connec-

tion

The test assembly is to be in accordance with

Figure 1.4.4.2-3. The angle α is the minimum to be used in

production. In this case a branch connection is considered as

a fully penetrated joint.

1.4.4.2.4 Examination and testing

Test assemblies are to be examined non-

destructively and destructively in accordance with the Table

1.4.4.2.4, Figure 1.4.4.2.4-1 (butt weld in plate), Figure

1.4.4.2.4-2 (butt weld in pipe), Figure 1.4.4.2.4-3 (branch

connection) and Figure 1.4.4.2.4-4 (Tjoint).

a = minimum value 150 mm

D1 = outside diameter of the main pipe

t1 = main pipe material thickness

D2 = outside diameter of the branch pipe

t2 = branch pipe material thickness

α = angle between main and branch pipe

Figure 1.4.4.2-3

Test assembly for a butt weld in pipe


PART 26

2021

Table 1.4.4.2.4

Examinations and tests for butt welds

Test piece Type of test Extent of testing Note

Butt weld on plate with full

penetration

Figure 1.4.4.2.4-1

Visual

Surface crack detection

Radiographic or Ultrasonic testing

Transverse tensile test

Longitudinal tensile test

Transverse bend test

Impact test

Macro examination

Hardness test

100%

100%

100%

2 specimens

required

4 specimens

required

1 specimen

required

-

1

2

as per 1.4.4.2.4.2

as per 1.4.4.2.4.3

as per 1.4.4.2.4.4

as per 1.4.4.2.4.5

as per 1.4.4.2.4.6

as per 1.4.4.2.4.7

Butt weld on pipe with full

penetration

Figure 1.4.4.2.4-2

Visual


Radiographic or Ultrasonic testing


Transverse bend test

Impact test

Macro examination

Hardness test

100%

100%

100%

2 specimens

4 specimens

required

1 specimen

required

-

1

2

as per 1.4.4.2.4.2

as per 1.4.4.2.4.4

as per 1.4.4.2.4.5

as per 1.4.4.2.4.6

as per 1.4.4.2.4.7

Branch connection with full

penetration

Figure 1.4.4.2.4-3

T-joint with full penetration

Figure 1.4.4.2.4-4

Visual


Ultrasonic or radiographic

Macro examination

Hardness test

100%

100%

100%

2 specimens

required

-

1

2,3

as per 1.4.4.2.4.6

as per 1.4.4.2.4.7

Notes:

1) Penetrant testing or magnetic particle testing. For non-magnetic materials, penetrant testing.

2) Ultrasonic testing shall not be used for t ≤ 10 mm.

3) For outside diameter ≤ 50 mm, no ultrasonic test is required.

For outside diameter > 50 mm, if it is not technically possible to execute the ultrasonic examination, radiographic examination

shall be provided that the joint configuration will allow meaningful results.


PART 26

2021

Figure 1.4.4.2.4-1

Location of test specimens for a butt weld in plate

Figure 1.4.4.2.4-2

Location of test specimens for a butt weld in pipe

1) Macro and hardness test specimen to be

taken in position A)

2) Macro test specimen in position B

α – Branch angle

Figure 1.4.4.2.4-3


PART 26

2021

Location of test specimens for a branch connection

1) Discard 25 mm

2) Macro test specimen

3) Macro and hardness test specimen

4) Welding direction

Figure 1.4.4.2.4-4

Location of test specimens for a T-joint

1.4.4.2.4.1 Non-destructive testing

Test assemblies are to be examined by visual

and by non-destructive testing prior to the cutting of test

specimen. In case that any post-weld heat treatment is re-

quired or specified, non-destructive testing is to be performed

after heat treatment. For steels according to Rules, Part 25 –

Metallic materials, Section 3.4 with specified minimum yield

strength of 420 N/mm2 and above the non-destructive testing

is to be delayed for a minimum of 48 hrs, unless heat treat-

ment has been carried out. NDT procedures are to be agreed

with the Register.

Imperfections detected by visual or non-

destructive testing are to be assessed in accordance with

HRN EN ISO 5817, class B, except for excess weld metal

and excess of penetration for which the level C applies.

1.4.4.2.4.2 Transverse tensile test

The testing is to be carried out in accordance

with the Rules for the classification of ships, Part 25 – Metal-

lic materials, Section 2.4. The tensile strength recorded for

each specimen is not to be less than the minimum required

for the base metal.

When butt welds are made between plates of

different grades, the tensile strength to be obtained on the

welded assembly is to be in accordance with the requirements

relating to the steel grade having lower strength.

1.4.4.2.4.3 Longitudinal tensile test

Longitudinal tensile test of deposited weld met-

al taken lengthways from the weld is required for cases where

the welding consumable is not approved by the Register.

The testing is to be carried out in accordance

with Rules for the classification of ships, Part 25 – Metallic

materials, Section 2.4. The tensile properties recorded for

each specimen are not to be less than the minimum required

for the approval of the appropriate grade of consumable.

Where more than one welding process or type

of consumable has been used to make the test weld, test spec-

imens are to be taken from the area of the weld where each

was used with the exception of those processes or consuma-

bles used to make the first weld run or root deposit.

1.4.4.2.4.4 Bend test

Transverse bend tests for butt joints are to be in

accordance with the Rules for the classification of ships, Part

25 – Metallic materials, Section 2.6.

The mandrel diameter to thickness ratio (i.e.

D/t) is to be that specified for the welding consumable (Sec-

tion 1.5).

The bending angle is to be 180°. After testing,

the test specimens are not to reveal any open defects in any

direction greater than 3 mm. Defects appearing at the corners

of a test specimen during testing are to be investigated case

by case.

Two root and two face bend specimens are to

be tested. For thickness 12 mm and over, four side bend spec-

imens may alternatively be tested.

For butt joints in heterogeneous steel plates,

face and root longitudinal bend test specimens may be used

instead of the transverse bend test specimens.

1.4.4.2.4.5 Impact test

a) Normal and higher strength hull structural

steels according to the Rules for the classification of ships,

Part 25 – Metallic materials, Section 3.2.

The positions of specimens are to be in accord-

ance with these requirements. Dimensions and testing are to

be in accordance with the requirements of the Rules for the

classification of ships, Part 25 – Metallic materials, Section

2.7.

Test specimen with Charpy-V-notch are to be

used and sampled from 1 to 2 mm below the surface of the

base metal, transverse to the weld and on the side containing

the last weld run.

V-notch specimens are located in the butt-

welded joint as indicated in Figure 1.4.4.2.4.5-1 and Figure

1.4.4.2.4.5-2 and the V-notch is to be cut perpendicular to the

surface of the weld.

Test temperature and absorbed energy are to be

in accordance with Table 1.4.4.2.4.5.

When butt welds are made between different

steel grades/types, the test specimens are to be taken from the

side of the joint with lower toughness of steel. Temperature

and absorbed energy results are to be in accordance with the

requirements for the lower toughness steel.

Where more than one welding process or con-

sumable has been used to make the test weld, impact test

specimens are to be taken from the respective areas where

each was employed. This is not to apply to the process or

consumables used solely to make the first weld run or root

deposit.

The testing of sub - size specimen is to be in

accordance with Rules for the classification of ships, Part 25

– Metallic materials, Section 2.7.2.


PART 26

2021

Table 1.4.4.2.4.5

Impact test requirements for butt joints (t≤50 mm)

Grade of steel Testing temperature

(C°)

Value of minimum average absorbed energy (J) 1),2)

For manually or semi-automatically welded joints For automatically

welded joints Downhand, Horizontal,

Overhead

Vertical upward,

Vertical downward

A3) 20

47

34 34

B3), D 0

E -20

A32, A36 20

D32, D36 0

E32, E36 -20

F32, F36 -40

A40 20

39 39 D40 0

E40 -20

F40 -40

Notes:

1) For thickness above 50 mm impact test requirements are to be agreed by the Register.

2) These requirements are to apply to test piece of which butt weld is perpendicular to the rolling direction of the plates.

3) For Grade A and B steels average absorbed energy on fusion line and in heat affected zone is to be minimum 27 J.

b) High strength quenched and tempered steels

according to the Rules for the classification of ships, Part 25

– Metallic materials, Section 3.4.

Impact test is to be performed as described in

the above a).

V-notch specimens are located in the butt weld-

ed joint as indicated in Figure 1.4.4.2.4.5-1 and Figure

1.4.4.2.4.5-2 and the V-notch is to be cut perpendicular to the

surface of the weld.

Test temperature and absorbed energy are to be

in accordance with the requirements of base metal as speci-

fied in the Rules for the classification of ships, Part 25 – Me-

tallic materials, Section 3.4.

c) Weldable C and C-Mn hull steel castings and

forgings according to the Rules for the classification of ships,

Part 25 – Metallic materials, Sections 3.11 and 3.12.

For base metal with specified impact values test

temperature and absorbed energy are to be in accordance

with the requirements of the base metal to be welded.


PART 26

2021

a) t ≤ 50 mm1)

Note:

1) For one side single run welding over 20 mm notch location “a” is to be added on root side.

b) t > 50 mm

Notch locations:

a – center of weld “WM”

b – on fusion line “FL”

c – in HAZ, 2 mm from fusion line

Figure 1.4.4.2.4.5-1

Location of V-notch for butt weld of normal heat input (heat input ≤ 50 kJ/cm)

a) t ≤ 50 mm1)

Note:

1) For one side welding with thickness over 20 mm notch location “a”, “b” and “c” is to be added on root side.

b) t > 50 mm

Notch locations:

a – center of weld “WM”

b – on fusion line “FL”

c – in HAZ, 2 mm from fusion line

d – in HAZ, 5 mm from fusion line

e – in HAZ, 10 mm from fusion line in a case of heat input > 200 kJ/cm

Figure 1.4.4.2.4.5-2

Location of V-notch for butt weld of high heat input (heat input > 50 kJ/cm)


PART 26

2021


The test specimens are to be prepared and

etched on one side to clearly reveal the weld metal, the fusion

line and the heat affected zone.

Macro examination is to include about 10 mm




base metal and the absence of defects such as cracks, lack of

fusion etc.

1.4.4.2.4.7 Hardness test

Hardness test is required for steels with speci-

fied minimum yield strength of ReH ≥ 355 N/mm2. The Vick-

ers method HV 10 is normally to be used. The indentations

are to be made in the weld metal, the heat affected zone and

the base metal measuring and recording the hardness values.

At least two rows of indentations are to be carried out in ac-

cordance with Fig. 1.4.4.2.4.7-1 and 1.4.4.2.4.7-2, and for T-

joint in accordance with Fig. 1.4.4.3.3.3-1 and 1.4.4.3.3.3-3.

For each row of indentations there is to be a

minimum of 3 individual indentations in the weld metal, the

heat affected zones (both sides) and the base metal (both

sides).

The results from the hardness test are not to ex-

ceed the following:

- Steel with a specified minimum yield

strength ReH ≤ 420 N/mm2 : 350 HV10


strength 420 N/mm2 < ReH ≤ 690 N/mm2 :

420 HV10

Figure 1.4.4.2.4.7-1

Examples of hardness test with rows of indentations (R) in butt welds

Table 1.4.4.2.4.7

Recommended distances l between indentations for hardness test in the heat affected zone

Vickers hardness

Symbol

Distance between indentations

l

(mm)

HV 10 1

The distance of any indentation from the previ-

ous indentation is not to be less than the value allowed for the

previous indentation by HRN EN ISO 6507-1.


PART 26

2021

Figure 1.4.4.2.4.7-2

Example showing the position of the indentations for hardness test in the weld metal, the heat affected zone and the base metal of a

butt weld (dimensions in mm)

1.4.4.3 Fillet weld

1.4.4.3.1 Assembly of test pieces


ensure a reasonable heat distribution and according to Fig.

1.4.4.3-1 with the minimum dimensions:

a) manual or semi-automatic welding:

width a = 3 x t, min 150 mm

length b = 6 x t, min 350 mm

b) automatic welding:

width a = 3 x t, min 150 mm

length b = 1000 mm

1.4.4.3.2 Welding of test pieces

The test assembly is welded on one side only.

For single run manual and semi-automatic welding, a

stop/restart is to be included in the test length and its position

is to be clearly marked for subsequent examination.




1.4.4.3.3.

Figure 1.4.4.3-1

Test assembly for fillet weld and T-joint


PART 26

2021

Table 1.4.4.3.3

Examinations and tests for fillet welds


Fillet weld

Figure 1.4.4.3-1

Visual


Macro examination

Hardness test

Fracture test

100%

100%

2 specimens

required

required

-

1

as per 1.4.4.3.3.2

as per 1.4.4.3.3.3

as per 1.4.4.3.3.4

Notes:

1) Penetrant testing or magnetic particle testing. For non-magnetic materials, penetrant testing.

1.4.4.3.3.1 Non-destructive testing

Test assemblies are to be examined by visual

and by non-destructive testing prior to the cutting of test

specimen. In case that any post-weld heat treatment is re-

quired or specified, non-destructive testing is to be performed

after heat treatment. For steels according to Rules, Part 25 –

Metallic materials, Section 3.4 with specified minimum yield

strength of 420 N/mm2 and above the non-destructive testing

is to be delayed for a minimum of 48 hrs, unless heat treat-

ment has been carried out. NDT procedures are to be agreed

with the Register.

Imperfections detected by visual or non-

destructive testing are to be assessed in accordance with

HRN EN ISO 5817, class B, except for excess convexity and

excess throat thickness for which the level C applies.


The test specimens are to be prepared and

etched on one side to clearly reveal the weld metal, fusion

line, root penetration and the heat affected zone.

Macro examination is to include about 10 mm




base metal, sufficient root penetration and the absence of de-

fects such as cracks, lack of fusion etc.

1.4.4.3.3.3 Hardness test

Hardness test is required for steels with speci-

fied minimum yield strength of ReH ≥ 355 N/mm2. The Vick-

ers method HV 10 is normally to be used. The indentations

are to be made in the weld metal, the heat affected zone and

the base metal measuring and recording the hardness values.

At least two rows of indentations are to be carried out in ac-

cordance with Fig. 1.4.4.3.3.3-1, 1.4.4.3.3.3-2 and

1.4.4.3.3.3-3.

For each row of indentations there is to be a

minimum of 3 individual indentations in the weld metal, the

heat affected zones (both sides) and the base metal (both

sides).

The results from the hardness test are not to ex-

ceed the following:


strength ReH ≤ 420 N/mm2 : 350 HV10


strength 420 N/mm2 < ReH ≤ 690 N/mm2 :

420 HV10

1.4.4.3.3.4 Fracture test

The fracture test is to be performed by folding

the upright plate onto the through plate. Evaluation is to con-

centrate on cracks, porosity and pores, inclusions, lack of fu-

sion and incomplete penetration. Imperfection that are detect-

ed is to be assessed in accordance with HRN EN ISO 5817,

class B.

a) Fillet weld b) T-joint weld

Figure 1.4.4.3.3.3-1

Examples of hardness test with rows of indentations (R) in fillet welds and in T-joint welds


PART 26

2021

Figure 1.4.4.3.3.3-2

Example showing the position of the indentations for hardness test in the weld metal,

the heat affected zone and the base metal of a fillet weld (dimensions in mm)

Figure 1.4.4.3.3.3-3

Example showing the position of the indentations for hardness test in the weld metal,

the heat affected zone and the base metal of a T-joint weld (dimensions in mm)

1.4.4.4 Re-testing

1.4.4.4.1 If the test piece fails to comply with any of the

requirements for visual or non-destructive testing one further

test piece is to be welded and subjected to the same examina-

tion. If this additional test piece does not comply with the rel-

evant requirements, the pWPS is to be regarded as not capa-

ble of complying with the requirements without modification.

1.4.4.4.2 If any test specimens fail to comply with the

relevant requirements for destructive testing due to weld im-

perfections only, two further test specimens are to be ob-

tained for each one that failed. These specimens can be taken

from the same test piece if there is sufficient material availa-

ble or from a new test piece, and are to be subjected to the

same test. If either of these additional test specimens does not

comply with the relevant requirements, the pWPS is to be re-


PART 26

2021

garded as not capable of complying with the requirements

without modification.

1.4.4.4.3 If a tensile test specimen fails to meet the re-

quirements, the re-testing is to be in accordance with the


rials, Section 2.9.2.

1.4.4.4.4 If there is a single hardness value above the

maximum values allowed, additional hardness tests are to be

carried out (on the reverse of the specimen or after sufficient

grinding of the tested surface). None of the additional hard-

ness values is to exceed the maximum hardness values re-

quired.

1.4.4.4.5 The re-testing of Charpy impact specimens are

to be carried out in accordance with Rules for the classifica-

tion of ships, Part 25 – Metallic materials, Section 2.9.3.

1.4.4.4.6 Where there is insufficient welded assembly

remaining to provide additional test specimens, a further as-

sembly is to be welded using the same procedure to provide

the additional specimens.

1.4.4.5 Test record

1.4.4.5.1 Welding conditions for test assemblies and test

results are to be recorded in welding procedure test record.

Forms of welding procedure test records can be taken from

the Register rules or from relevant standards.

1.4.4.5.2 A statement of the results of assessing each test

piece, including repeat tests, is to be made for each welding

procedure test. The relevant items listed for the WPS of these

requirements are to be included.

1.4.4.5. A statement that the test piece was made ac-

cording to the particular welding procedure is to be signed by

the Surveyor witnessing the test and is to include the Register

identification.

1.4.4.6 Range of approval

1.4.4.6.1 General

1.4.4.6.1.1 All the conditions of validity stated below are

to be met independently of each other.

1.4.4.6.1.2 Changes outside of the ranges specified are to

require a new welding procedure test.

1.4.4.6.1.3 Shop primers may have an influence on the

quality of fillet welds and is to be considered. Welding pro-

cedure qualification with shop primer will qualify those

without but not vice versa.

1.4.4.6.2 Base metal

1.4.4.6.2.1 Normal and higher strength hull structural

steels according to the Rules for the classification of ships,

Part 25 – Metallic materials, Section 3.2

a) For each strength level, welding proce-

dures are considered applicable to the

same and lower toughness grades as that

tested.

b) For each toughness grade, welding proce-


same and two lower strength levels as

that tested.

c) For applying the above a) and b) to high

heat input processes above 50 kJ/cm, e.g.

the two-run technique with either sub

submerged arc or gas shielded metal arc

welding, electro slag and electro gas

welding, welding procedure is applicable

to that toughness grade tested and one

strength level below

Where steels used for construction are supplied

from different delivery conditions from those tested the Reg-

ister may require additional tests.

1.4.4.6.2.2 High strength quenched and tempered steels


– Metallic materials, Section 3.4.

a) For each strength level, welding proce-


same and lower toughness grades as that

tested.

b) For each toughness grade, welding proce-


same and one lower strength level as that

tested.

c) The approval of quenched and tempered

steels does not quality thermo-

mechanically rolled steels (TMCP steels)

and vice versa.

1.4.4.6.2.3 Weldable C and C-Mn hull steel forgings ac-

cording to the Rules for the classification of ships, Part 25 –

Metallic materials, Section 3.11.

a) Welding procedures are considered appli-

cable to the same and lower strength level

as that tested.

b) The approval of quenched and tempered

hull steel forgings does not quality other

delivery conditions and vice versa.

1.4.4.6.2.4 Weldable C and C-Mn hull steel castings ac-

cording to the Rules for the classification of ships, Part 25 –

Metallic materials, Section 3.12.

a) Welding procedures are considered appli-

cable to the same and lower strength level

as that tested.

b) The approval of quenched and tempered

hull steel castings does not quality other

delivery conditions and vice versa.

1.4.4.6.3 Material thickness and pipe diameter

1.4.4.6.3.1 The qualification of a WPS carried out on a test

assembly of thickness t is valid for the thickness range given

in Table 1.4.4.6.3.1.

1.4.4.6.3.2 In addition to the requirements of Table

1.4.4.6.3.1, the range of approval of throat thickness “a” for

fillet welds is to be as follows:

- Single run: “0.75 x a” to “1.5 x a”

- Multi-run: as for butt welds with multi-

run (i.e. a=t)


PART 26

2021

Table 1.4.4.6.3.1

Approval range of thickness for butt weld and T-joint welds and fillet welds

Thickness of test piece

t1)

(mm)

Range of approval

Fillet weld

Figure 1.4.4.3-1

Butt and T-joint welds with single run

or single run from both sides

Butt and T-joint welds with multi-run and fillet

welds

3 < t ≤ 12 0,7t to 1,1t 3 to 2t

12 < t ≤ 100 0,7t to 1,1t3) 0,5 t to 2t

(max.150)

Notes:

1) For For multi process procedures, the recorded thickness contribution of each process is to be used as basis for the

range of approval for the individual welding process.

2) For fillet welds, the range of approval is to be applied to both base metals.

3) For high heat input processes over 50 kJ/cm, the upper limit of range of approval is to be 1.0 x t.

1.4.4.6.3.3 For the vertical-down welding, the test piece

thickness “t” is always taken as the upper limit of the range

of application.

1.4.4.6.3.4 For unequal plate thickness of butt welds the

lesser thickness is ruling dimension.

1.4.4.6.3.5 Notwithstanding the above, the approval of

maximum thickness of base metal for any technique is to be

restricted to the thickness of test assembly if three of the

hardness values in the heat affected zone are found to be

within 25 HV of the maximum permi ted, as stated

1.4.4.2.4.7 and 1.4.4.3.3.3.

1.4.4.6.3.6 The qualification of a welding procedure test on

diameter D shall include qualification for diameters in the

following ranges given in Table 1.4.4.6.3.6.

Table 1.4.4.6.3.6

Approval range for pipe and branch connection outside

diameters

Diameter of the test piece

D (mm) Range of approval1)

D ≤ 25 0,5D to 2D

D > 25 ≥ 0,5D (25 mm min.)

Notes:

1) Approval given for plates also covers pipes when the out-

side diameter is > 500 mm or when the diameter is >150

mm welded in the PA or PC rotated position, within the

limitations of the Table 1.4.4.6.10.

1.4.4.6.3.7 A welding procedure test carried out on a

branch connection with angle α shall approve all branch an-

gles α1 in the range of α ≤ α1 ≤ 90°.

1.4.4.6.4 Welding position

Approval for a test made in any position is res-

tricted to that position (see Figures 1.4.4.6.4-1, 1.4.4.6.4-2,

1.4.4.6.4-3 and 1.4.4.6.4-4). To qualify a range of positions,

test assemblies are to be welded for highest heat input positi-

on and lowest heat input position and all applicable tests are

to be made on those assemblies.

For example, butt welds in plate the highest

heat input position is normally PF and the lowest PC. For

fixed pipe welds the hardness tests shall be taken from the

overhead welding position.

1.4.4.6.5 Welding process

1.4.4.6.5.1 The approval is only valid for the welding pro-

cess(es) used in the welding procedure test. It is not permitted

to change from a multi-run to a single run.

1.4.4.6.5.2 For multi-process procedures the welding pro-

cedure approval may be carried out with separate welding

procedure tests for each welding process. It is also possible to

make the welding procedure test as a multi-process procedure

test. The approval of such a test is only valid for the process

sequence carried out during the multi-process procedure test.

1.4.4.6.6 Welding consumable

Except high heat input processes over 50kJ/cm,

welding consumables cover other approved welding consum-

ables having the same grade mark including all suffixes spec-

ified in Section 1.5 with the welding consumable tested.

1.4.4.6.7 Heat input

1.4.4.6.7.1 The upper limit of heat input approved is 25%

greater than that used in welding the test piece or 55 kJ/cm

whichever is smaller, except that the upper limit is 10%

greater than that for high heat input processes over 50 kJ/cm.

1.4.4.6.7.2 The lower limit of heat input approved is 25%

lower than that used in welding the test piece.

1.4.4.6.8 Preheating and interpass temperature

1.4.4.6.8.1 The minimum preheating temperature is not to

be less than that used in the qualification test.

1.4.4.6.8.2 The maximum interpass temperature is not to

be higher than that used in the qualification test.


PART 26

2021

1.4.4.6.9 Post-weld heat treatment

The heat treatment used in the qualification test

is to be maintained during manufacture. Holding time may be

adjusted as a function of thickness.

1.4.4.6.10 Type of joint

1.4.4.6.10.1 Range of approval depending on type of welded

joints for test assembly is to be specified in Table 1.4.4.6.10.

1.4.4.6.10.2 A qualification test performed on a butt weld

will also qualify for fillet welding within the thickness ranges

specified for fillet welds specified in 1.4.5.3 above.

Table 1.4.4.6.10

Range of qualification for type of welded joint

Type of welded joint for test assembly Range of

approval

Butt

welding

One

side

With backing A A, C

Without backing B A, B, C, D

Both

side

With gouging C C

Without gouging D C, D

Notes:

- T joints butt welded only qualify T joints butt welded and

fillet welds.

- Fillet welding qualifies fillet welding only.

1.4.4.6.11 Other variables

The range of approval relating to other varia-

bles may be taken as specified in HRN EN ISO 15614-1.

1.4.5. Qualification of welding procedures for

aluminium alloys

1.4.5.1 General

1.4.5.1.1 Basic requiremens are given in 1.4.1, 1.4.2 and

1.4.3.

1.4.5.1.2 These requirements specifically excludes the

welding procedure intended for LNG containment.

1.4.5.1.3. The welding processes below indicated, toget-

her with their relevant numbering according to ISO 4063, are

in general used for welding aluminium alloys:

- 131 - metal-arc inert gas welding (MIG

welding)

- 141 - tungsten inert gas arc welding (TIG

welding)

- 15 - plasma arc welding

1.4.5.1.3 The welding consumables shall be approved in

accordance with the requirements specified in Section 1.5.4.

Where non approved welding consumables are

used at the discretion of the Register, the requirements for the

qualification of the welding procedures shall be established

on a case by case basis. In general additional tests on deposit-

ed weld metal are required in accordance with Section 1.5.4.

1.4.5.2 Butt weld

1.4.5.2.1 Assembly of test pieces and welding


ensure a reasonable heat distribution during welding and ac-

cording to 1.4.4.2.1.

The edge preparation and fit up is to be in ac-

cordance with the pWPS. If tack welds are to be fused into

the production joint they shall be included in the test pieces.

The cleaning of the parts to be welded shall be carried out in

accordance with the welding procedure.

The welding is to be carried out in accordance

with the pWPS and under the general conditions of produc-

tion welding which it represents.




1.4.5.2.2. Test specimens are to be taken in accordance with

Figure 1.4.5.2.

Table 1.4.5.2.2

Examinations and tests for butt welds


Butt weld on plate with

full penetration

Figure 1.4.5.2.

Visual

Dye penetrant test

Radiographic or Ultrasonic examination1)


Transverse bend test2)

Macroscopic examination

Microscopic examination3)

100%

100%

100%

2 specimens

2 root and 2 face specimens

1 specimen

1 specimen

-

as per 1.4.5.2.3

as per 1.4.5.2.3

as per 1.4.5.2.4

as per 1.4.5.2.5

as per 1.4.5.2.6

as per 1.4.5.2.6

Notes:

1) Ultrasonic testing shall not be used for t ≤ 10 mm.

2) 2 root and 2 face bend test specimens can be substituted by 4 side bend test specimens for t ≥ 12 mm.

3) Only for 6xxx-alloys (material group 23) and all casting alloys.


PART 26

2021

Figure 1.4.5.2

Location of test specimens for a butt weld in plate

1.4.5.2.3 Non-destructive examination

Non destructive examinations are to be carried

out after any required post weld heat treatment, natural or ar-

tificial ageing, and prior to the cutting of the test specimens.

Welds are to be free from cracks. Imperfections

detected by visual or non-destructive testing are to be as-

sessed in accordance with HRN EN ISO 10042, level B, ex-

cept for excess weld metal or convexity, excess throat thick-

ness and excess of penetration for which the level C applies.

1.4.5.2.4 Transverse tensile test

The specimens for transverse tensile test is to

be carried out in accordance with the Rules for the classifica-

tion of ships, Part 25 – Metallic materials, Section 2.4. The

tensile strength shall meet requirements stated in Table

1.4.5.2.4.

Table 1.4.5.2.4

Minimum tensile strength by grade for aluminium alloys for

series

Grade (alloy designation) Minimum tensile strength

(N/mm2)

5754 190

5086 240

5083 275

5383 290

5059 330

5456 290

6005A 170

6061 170

6082 170

1.4.5.2.5 Bend test

The specimens for bend tests are to be ma-

chined to the dimensions given in the Rules for the classifica-

tion of ships, Part 25 – Metallic materials, Section 2.4. For

dissimilar or heterogeneous butt joints longitudinal bend tests

may be required instead of transverse bend tests.

The bend test specimens are to be bent on a

mandrel with maximum diameter as given in the formula be-

low. The bending angle shall be 180°.

d = ss

tA

t−

⋅100

where:

d - the maximum former diameter

ts - the thickness of the bend test specimen (this includes side

bends)

A - the minimum tensile elongation required by the alloy

grade, temper condition and thickness (for combination be-

tween different alloys, the lowest individual value should be

used).

After testing the test specimens should not re-

veal any open defect in any direction greater than 3 mm. De-

fects appearing at the corner of the specimens may be disre-

garded, unless there is evidence that they result from lack of

fusion.

Wrap around method bend tests are recom-

mended for the above mandrel diameter for each alloy.

1.4.5.2.6 Macroscopic / Microscopic examination

The test specimen shall be prepared and exam-

ined in accordance with ISO 17639 and etched on one side to

clearly reveal the fusion line, the HAZ and the build up of the

runs and the unaffected base metal.

The macroscopic examination shall reveal a

regular weld profile, thorough fusion between adjacent layers

of weld and base metal and the absence of defects such as


PART 26

2021

cracks and lack of fusion The macroscopic examination shall

include unaffected parent material.

The acceptance levels specified in 1.4.5.2.3 ap-

ply.

Care should be taken when etching certain al-

loys to avoid producing crack like indications.

1.4.5.3 Fillet weld

1.4.5.3.1 Assembly of test pieces and welding


ensure a reasonable heat distribution during welding and ac-

cording to 1.4.4.3.1.

The two plates should be positioned and tack

welded edgewise so as to constitute a T assembly without

clearance.

Welding on one or both sides and fit up should

be as detailed in the pWPS.

In general for manual and semiautomatic weld-

ing a stop/restart position should be included in the test

length and should be clearly marked for subsequent examina-

tion.

he cleaning of the parts to be welded should be

carried out in accordance with the welding procedure.




1.4.5.2.2. Test specimens is to be taken in accordance with

Figure 1.4.5.3.

Table 1.4.5.3.2

Examinations and tests for fillet welds


Fillet weld on plate

Figure 1.4.5.3

Visual

Dye penetrant test

Macroscopic examination1)

Microscopic examination2)

Fracture test

100%

100%

2 specimens

1 specimen

1 specimen

-

as per 1.4.5.3.3

as per 1.4.5.3.4

as per 1.4.5.3.4

as per 1.4.5.3.4

Notes:

1) One of the macro sections shall be taken at the position of the stop/restart (see 1.4.5.3.1).

2) Only for 6xxx-alloys (material group 23) and all casting alloys.

1) Discard 25 mm

2) Micro and macro test specimen

3) Macro test specimen

4) Welding direction

Figure 1.4.5.3

Location of test specimens for a T-joint

1.4.5.3.3 Visual examination and surface crack detec-

tion

The requirements specified in 1.4.5.2.3 are to

be complied with.

1.4.5.3.4 Macroscopic / microscopic examination and

fracture test

The fracture test as well as the macro examina-

tion shall, in general, satisfy the acceptance level specified in

1.4.5.2.3.

Dimension of leg size, throat and penetration

should in general be reported.

1.4.5.4 Re-testing

If the test assembly fails to comply with any of

the requirements for visual examination or NDE, one further

test assembly is to be welded and subjected to the same ex-

amination.

If any test specimen fails to comply with the

relevant requirements, two additional test specimens are to be

obtained for each one that failed. These specimens can be

taken from the same assembly, if there is sufficient material,

or from a new test assembly. For the acceptance both tests

shall give satisfactory results.

Where failed in the above re-testing, the pWPS

is to be modified before further consideration by the Survey-

or is given to a new test assembly for re-qualification.

1.4.5.5 Range of approval

1.4.5.5.1 General

The approval of the WPS obtained by a ship-

yard or a manufacturer is valid for welding in all its work-

shops under the same technical and quality control.


PART 26

2021

All the conditions of validity stated below

should be met independently of each other.

Changes outside of the ranges specified may

require a new welding procedure test.

1.4.5.5.2 Parent metal

The aluminium alloys are grouped into three

groups:

- Group A: aluminium-magnesium alloys

with Mg content ≤ 3.5% (alloy 5754)

- Group B: aluminium-magnesium alloys

with 4% ≤ Mg ≤ 5.6% (alloys 5059,

5083, 5086, 5383 and 5456)

- Group C: aluminium-magnesium-silicon

alloys (alloys 6005A, 6061 and 6082)

For each Group, the qualification made on one

alloy qualifies the procedure also for the other alloys of the

same Group with equal or lower specified tensile strength af-

ter welding.

The qualification made on Group B alloy quali-

fies the procedure also for Group A alloys.

1.4.5.5.3 Thickness

The qualification of a WPS carried out on a test

assembly of thickness t is valid for the thickness range given

in Table 1.4.5.5.3-1.

In case of butt-joints between dissimilar thick-

ness, t is the thickness of the thinner material.

In case of fillet joints between dissimilar thick-

ness, t is the thickness of the thicker material.

In addition to the requirements of Table

1.4.5.5.3-1, the range of qualification of the throat thickness a

is given in Table 1.4.5.5.3-2.

Where a fillet weld is qualified by means of a

butt weld test, the throat thickness range qualified should be

based on the thickness of the deposited weld metal.

Where the majority of production work is fillet

welding, an additional fillet weld test may be required.

Table 1.4.5.5.3-1

Range of qualification for parent material thickness

Thickness of the test piece,

t (mm) Range of qualifications

t ≤ 3 0,5 to 2t

3 < t ≤ 20 3 to 2t

t > 20 ≥ 0,8t

Table 1.4.5.5.3-2

Range of qualifications for the throat thickness of fillet

welds

Throat thickness of the test

piece, a (mm) Range of qualifications

a < 10 0,75a to 1,5a

a ≥ 10 ≥ 7,5

1.4.5.5.4 Welding position

Provided that comparable welding parameters

are used for the included welding positions a test in any one

position qualifies for welding in all positions except for verti-

cal downwards (PG) position where in any case separate

welding procedure test is required.

1.4.5.5.5 Type of joint

The range of approval for the types of joint in

relation to the type of joint used in the procedure qualifica-

tion test is as follows:

- butt-joint welded from one side with

backing qualifies also for welding from

both sides with gouging;

- butt-joint welded from one side without

backing qualifies also for welding from

one side with backing, from both sides

with gouging and from both sides without

gouging;

- butt-joint welded from both sides with

gouging only qualifies that condition,

- butt-joint welded from both sides without

gouging qualifies also for welding from

both sides with gouging and from one

side with backing.

1.4.5.5.6 Welding process

The approval is valid only for the welding pro-

cess used in the welding procedure test. It is not permitted to

change a multi run deposit into a single run (or single run on

each side) or viceversa for a given process. In the case of a

multi-process procedure, the approval is only valid for apply-

ing the processes in the order used during the procedure qual-

ification tests.

Note:

For multi-process procedures each welding process may be

approved separately or in combination with other processes.

Similarly one or more processes may be deleted from an ap-

proved WPS provided the joint thickness is within the ap-

proved thickness range of the relevant welding process to be

applied.

1.4.5.5.7 Welding consumables

The welding consumable used in the qualifica-

tion tests qualifies:

.1 Approved welding consumables of the

same strength as the consumable used in

the procedure qualification tests.

.2 Approved welding consumables of higher

strength than the consumable used in the

procedure qualification tests.

The qualification given to shielding gas and

backing gas is restricted to the gas/gas mixture used in the

welding procedure test, see HRN EN ISO 14175 or other

recognised standards for gas designations.

1.4.5.5.8 Type of current

Changes in the type of current (AC, DC,

pulsed) and polarity require a new welding procedure qualifi-

cation.


PART 26

2021

1.4.5.5.9 Preheat and interpass temperature

The lower limit of approval is the preheat tem-

perature applied at the start of the welding procedure test.

The upper limit of approval is the interpass

temperature reached in the welding procedure test.

1.4.5.5.10 Post-weld heat treatment or ageing

Addition or deletion of post weld heat treatment

or ageing is not permitted except that artificial ageing for

6000 series alloys gives approval for prolonged natural age-

ing.

1.4.5.5.11 Other variables

The range of approval relating to other varia-

bles may be taken as specified in HRN EN ISO 15614-2.

Figure 1.4.4.6.4-1

Welding positions according to ISO Standard – Butt welds

Figure 1.4.4.6.4-2

Welding positions according to ISO Standard – Fillet welds


PART 26

2021

Figure 1.4.4.6.4-3

Welding positions according to AWS-Code – Butt welds

Figure 1.4.4.6.4-4

Welding positions according to AWS-Code – Fillet welds


PART 26

2021

1.5 WELDING CONSUMABLES

1.5.1 General

1.5.1.1 All welding consumables used for welding of

structures referred to in 1.1.1 shall be tested and approved by

the Register.

1.5.1.2 The Register shall grant the approval for the

welding consumables on the basis of the manufacturers ap-

plication, technical documentation (1.5.1.3) as well as on the

basis of the results obtained from the testing carried out under

the supervision of the Register and with the approved pro-

gram according to the present Section.

1.5.1.3 Application for approval shall be submitted to

the Register by the manufacturer of the welding consumable

accompanied with the documentation including the follow-

ing:

− name of the manufacturer of the welding

consumables,

− trade name, mark, and type,

− grade of the welding material, including

additional symbols (if necessary) in com-

pliance with this Rules,

− recommended area of application , includ-

ing for example, base material, welding po-

sitions and similar,

− chemical composition and mechanical

properties of weld metal,

− sizes (diameters, lengths),

− instructions manual (current, polarity),

backing, heat treatment etc.,

− classification (EN, ISO, etc.),

− marking, packaging,

− proposed testing laboratory and date of test.

1.5.1.4 On the ground of satisfactory testing results the

Register shall issue the Certificate on the type approval and

testing of welding consumables and shall enlist it in its List

of type approved products and manufacturers. With such an

approval the manufacturer is liable to ensure that, during

manufacture the composition and properties of the products

comply with those of the tested welding consumables.

1.5.1.5 The manufacturer is liable to enter the infor-

mation on the approval certificate into its catalogue of the list

of approval and testing of welding consumables.

1.5.1.6 Unless otherwise agreed, the approved welding

consumables shall be in accordance with 1.5.2 - 1.5.4, tested

annually in the presence of a Surveyor to the Register to

prove that the material properties comply with those of the

tested welding consumables.

1.5.1.7 In case of any change of the properties, chemi-

cal composition of the approved material or the technology of

its production, the tests shall be repeated.

1.5.1.8 Welding consumables which are not covered by

these Rules (e. g. for welding of high - alloy steels, etc.) shall

be tested for the approval in accordance with the special pro-

gram approved by the Register.

1.5.1.9 When the results of any testing fail to meet the

requirements that testing shall be repeated on duplicate re-

test specimens.

For that purpose test specimen may be taken

from the same batch as the former test pieces. In case that re-

testing does not give satisfactory results, the causes shall be

traced and the whole testing repeated.

1.5.1.10 As an alternative to the annual procedures for

approval of welding consumables described in 1.5.2 and

1.5.3, a procedure for the acceptance of manufacturer's quali-

ty assurance systems for welding consumables in accordance

with the provisions of IACS Recommendation No. 17 may be

applied. Welding consumable grades Y89 and Y96 are ex-

cluded.

When, at the manufacturer's request, the Regis-

ter decides to implement this scheme, all the clauses of IACS

Recommendation No. 17 are to be fully complied with by the

manufacturer, without exclusions.

By acceptance of the manufacturer’s quality as-

surance system the Register delegates to the manufacturer the

responsibility for checking that the necessary inspections and

tests are carried out and obliges the manufacturer to comply

with the applicable requirements of the Rules. The Register

will check the effectiveness of the quality assurance system

through verification of the Quality Management System

(QMS).

1.5.2 Approval of consumables for welding

normal and higher strength structural

steels

1.5.2.1 General

1.5.2.1.1 Scope

1.5.2.1.1.1 These requirements give the conditions of ap-

proval and inspection of welding consumables used for hull

structural steel according to the Rules for the classification of

ships, Part 25 - Metallic Materials, Section 3.2 as follows:

− normal strength steels Grades A, B, D and

E,

− higher strength steels Grades A32, D32,

E32, A36, D36 and E36,

− higher strength steels with minimum yield

strength 390 N/mm2: Grades A40, D40 and

E40,

− higher strength steels for low temperature

application: Grades F32, F36 and F40.

Welding consumables for high strength steels

for welded structures are to comply with the requirements of

Section 1.5.3.

These requirements are not applicable for weld-

ing procedure qualification tests at the shipyard.

1.5.2.1.1.2 Categories of products

The concerned welding consumables are divid-

ed into several categories as follows:

− covered electrodes for manual welding and

gravity welding,

− wire/flux combinations for two run or mul-

ti-run submerged arc welding,


PART 26

2021

− solid wire/gas combinations for arc weld-

ing,

− flux cored wires with or without gas for arc

welding,

− consumables for use in electroslag and elec-

trogas vertical welding

1.5.2.1.2 Grading

1.5.2.1.2.1 Basic groups and grades

Filler metals are divided into three groups:

− normal strength filler metals for welding

normal strength hull structural steels,

− higher strength filler metals for welding

normal and higher strength hull structural

steels with minimum yield strength up to

355 N/mm2,

− higher strength filler metals for welding

normal and higher strength hull structural

steels with minimum yield strength up to

390 N/mm2.

Each of the three groups is based on corre-

sponding tensile strength requirements.

Each filler metal group is further divided into

several grades:

− Grades 1, 2 and 3 for ordinary-strength fill-

er metals,

− Grades 1Y, 2Y, 3Y and 4Y for higher

strength filler metals for steels up to 355

N/mm2 yield strength,

− Grades 2Y 40, 3Y 40, 4Y 40 and 5Y 40 for

higher strength filler metals for steels up to

390 N/mm2 yield strength.

The Grade assignment is given in respect of

Charpy V-notch impact test requirements.

For each strength basic group, welding con-

sumables, which have satisfied the requirements for a higher

toughness grade are considered as complying with the re-

quirements for a lower toughness grade.

1.5.2.1.2.2 Correlation of welding consumables to hull

structural steel grades.

The correlation between the hull steel grades

and the welding consumables grades that must be used for the

hull steel welding, is stated in the following Table

1.5.2.1.2.2.


PART 26

2021

Table 1.5.2.1.2.2

Corelation of welding consumables to hull structural steels

Grades of welding

consumables (see notes)

Hull structural steel grades

A B D E A32/36 D32/36 E32/36 F32/36 A40 D40 E40 F40

1, 1S, 1T, 1M, 1TM, IV X

1YS, 1YT, 1YM, 1YTM,

1YV X 2)

2, 2S, 2T, 2M, 2TM, 2V X X X

2Y, 2YS, 2YT, 2YM, 2YTM,

2YV X X X X X

2Y40, 2Y40S, 2Y40T,

2Y40M, 2Y40TM, 2Y40V 1) 1) 1) X X X X

3, 3S, 3T, 3M, 3TM, 3V X X X X


3YV X X X X X X X

3Y40, 3Y40S, 3Y40T,

3Y40M, 3Y40TM, 3Y40V 1) 1) 1) 1) X X X X X X


4YV X X X X X X X X

4Y40, 4Y40S, 4Y40T,

4Y40M, 4Y40TM, 4Y40V 1) 1) 1) 1) X X X X X X X X

5Y40, 5Y40S, 5Y40T,

5Y40M, 5Y40TM, 5Y40V 1) 1) 1) 1) X X X X X X X X

1) see note d)

2) see note e)

Notes:

(a) When joining normal to higher strength structural steel, consumables of the lowest acceptable grade for either material being

joined may be used.

(b) When joining steels of the same strength level but of different toughness grade, consumables of the lowest acceptable grade for

either material being joined may be used.

(c) It is recommended that controlled low hydrogen type consumables are to be used when joining higher strength structural steel

to the same or lower strength level, except thatother consumables may be used at the discretion of the Register when the carbon

equivalent is below or equal to 0.41%.When other than controlled low hydrogen type electrodes are used appropriate procedure

tests for hydrogen cracking may be conducted at the discretion of the Register.

(d) The welding consumables approved for steel Grades A40, D40, E40 and/or F40 may also be used for welding of the corre-

sponding grades of normal strength steels subject to the special agreement with the Register.

(e) When joining higher strength steels using Grade 1Y welding consumables, the material thicknesses should not exceed 25 mm.

1.5.2.1.2.3 Hydrogen marks

Welding consumables of Grades 2 and 3 and

Grades 2Y, 3Y and 4Y and of Grades 2Y 40, 3Y 40, 4Y 40

and 5Y 40 for which the hydrogen content has been con-

trolled in accordance with paragraph 1.5.2.4.5.3 are identified

by the mark H15, H10 or H5.

1.5.2.1.3 Manufacture

1.5.2.1.3.1 The manufacturer's plant, methods of produc-

tion and quality control of welding consumables are to be

such as to ensure reasonable uniformity in manufacture.

1.5.2.2 Approval procedure

1.5.2.2.1 Plant inspection

1.5.2.2.1.1 The Surveyor is to be satisfied that the manu-

facturer's plant, methods of production and quality control of

welding consumables are to be such as to ensure a reasonable

uniformity in manufacture, as mentioned in 1.5.2.1.3.1 above.

1.5.2.2.2 Test assemblies

1.5.2.2.2.1 Preparation

The test assemblies are to be prepared under the

supervision of the Surveyor, and all tests are to be carried out

in his presence.


PART 26

2021

When a welded joint is performed, the edges of

the plates are to be bevelled either by mechanical machining

or by oxygen cutting; in the later case, a de-scaling of the

bevelled edges is necessary.

1.5.2.2.2.2 Welding conditions

The welding conditions used such as amperage,

voltage, travel speed, etc are to be within the range recom-

mended by the manufacturer for normal good welding prac-

tice. Where a filler material is stated to be suitable for both

alternating current (AC) and direct current (DC), AC is to be

used for the preparation of the test assemblies.

1.5.2.2.3 Firms with several factories - sister firms

When a filler product is manufactured in sever-

al factories of the same company, the complete series of ap-

proval tests should be carried out in one of the works only. In

the other factories, a reduced test programme at least equiva-

lent to annual tests is permitted if the manufacturer can certi-

fy that the materials used and the fabrication process are

identical with those used in the main works.

This requirement is applicable to all manufac-

turers of filler products under license (sister firms). However,

should there be any doubt, complete test-series may be re-

quired.

Note:

Wire flux combination for submerged arc welding. If a

unique powder flux is combined with different wires coming

from several factories belonging to the same firm, it may be

admitted to perform only one test-series if the different wires

are conformable to the same technical specification, after

approval of the Register.

1.5.2.2.4 Annual inspection and tests

The production techniques and associated

quality control procedures at all establishments approved for

the manufacture of welding consumables are to be subjected

to an annual reappraisal. On these occasions, samples of the

approved consumable are to be selected by the Surveyor and

subjected to the tests detailed in subsequent sections of these

requirements. These are to be completed and reported within

the one year period beginning at the initial approval date, and

repeated annually so as to provide at least an average of one

annual test per year. Equivalent alternative arrangements may

be accepted subject to special agreement with the Register.

1.5.2.2.5 Alterations to approved consumables

Any alteration proposed by the manufacturer to

the approved consumable which may result in a change in the

chemical composition and the mechanical properties of the

deposited metal, must be immediately notified to the Regis-

ter. Additional tests may be necessary.

1.5.2.2.6 Upgrading and uprating

Upgrading and uprating of welding consuma-

bles will be considered only at manufacturer's request, pref-

erably at the time of annual testing. Generally, for this pur-

pose, tests from butt weld assemblies will be required in ad-

dition to the normal annual approval tests.

1.5.2.2.7 Additional tests

The Register may request, in a particular case,

additional tests or requirements as may be considered neces-

sary.

1.5.2.3 Mechanical testing procedure

1.5.2.3.1 Test specimens

1.5.2.3.1.1 Specimens dimensions

Deposited metal and butt weld tensile, butt

weld bend and Charpy V-notch impact test specimens are to

be machined to the dimensions given in the Rules for the

classification of ships, Part 25 - Metallic materials, Section 2

– Test specimens and mechanical testing procedures for ma-

terial.

1.5.2.3.1.2 Specimens location and preparation

1) Deposited metal tensile

The longitudinal axis must coincide with

the centre of the weld and:

a) the mid thickness of the weld in the

deposited metal test assemblies.

b) the mid thickness of the 2nd run in

the two-run welded test assemblies.

The specimens may be heated to a tem-

perature not exceeding 250°C for a period

not exceeding 16 hours for hydrogen re-

moval prior to testing.

2) Butt weld tensile

The upper and lower surfaces of the weld

are to be filed, ground or machined flush

with the surface of the plate.

3) Butt weld bend

The upper and lower surfaces of the weld

are to be filed, ground or machined flush

with the surface of the plate and the sharp

corners of the specimens rounded to a ra-

dius not exceeding 2 mm.

4) Charpy V-notch impact

The test specimens shall be cut with their

longitudinal axes transverse to the

weldlength and:

a) at mid thickness of the weld in the

deposit metal and butt weld test as-

semblies with multi-run technique;

b) on the 2nd run side, 2 mm maximum

below the surface in the two-run

welded test assemblies;

c) 2 mm maximum below one surface in

the electroslag or electrogas welded

test assemblies.

The notch shall be cut in the face of the

test piece perpendicular to the surface of

the plate and shall be positioned in the

centre of the weld and, for electroslag and

electrogas welded test assemblies, also at

2 mm from the fusion line in the deposit-

ed metal.


PART 26

2021

1.5.2.3.2 Testing procedures

1.5.2.3.2.1 Tensile

Tensile tests are to be carried out on an ap-

proved tensile testing machine. On deposited metal test spec-

imens, the values of yield stress, tensile strength and elonga-

tion are to be recorded. On butt weld specimens, the values of

tensile strength are to be recorded together with the position

of fracture.

1.5.2.3.2.2 Bend

The test specimens are to be capable of with-

standing, without fracture or crack, being bent through an an-

gle of 120° over a former having a diameter three times the

thickness of the specimen. However, superficial cracks of

less than 3 mm long on the outer surface should not be taken

into consideration.

For each set of bend tests one specimen is to be

tested with the face of the weld in tension and the other with

the root of the weld in tension except in the electroslag or

electrogas welded test assemblies, where side bend tests are

carried out in lieu of face and root bend tests.

1.5.2.3.2.3 Charpy V-notch impact

Impact tests are to be carried out on a Charpy

impact machine of an approved type. A set of three test spec-

imens is to be prepared and tested. The average absorbed en-

ergy value is to comply with the requirements of subsequent

sections. One individual value may be less than the required

average value provided that it is not less than 70% of this

value.

The test temperature for Grades 2, 2Y, 2Y 40,

3, 3Y, 3Y 40, 4Y, 4Y 40 and 5Y 40 test pieces is to be con-

trolled to within ±2°C of the prescribed temperature.

1.5.2.3.3 Re-test procedures

1.5.2.3.3.1 Tensile and bend

Where the result of a tensile or bend test does

not comply with the requirements, duplicate test specimens

of the same type are to be prepared and satisfactorily tested.

Where insufficient original welded assembly is available, a

new assembly is to be prepared using welding consumables

from the same batch. If the new assembly is made with the

same procedure (particularly the number of runs) as the orig-

inal assembly, only the duplicate re-test specimens needs to

be prepared and tested. Otherwise, all test specimens should

be prepared as for re-testing.

1.5.2.3.3.2 Charpy V-notch impact

Re-test requirements for Charpy impact tests

are to be in accordance with the Rules for the classification of

ships, Part 25 - Metallic materials, Section 2 – Test speci-

mens and mechanical testing procedures for material. Further

re-tests may be made at the Surveyor's discretion, but these

must be made on a new welded assembly and must include

all tests required for the original assembly, even those which

were previously satisfactory.

1.5.2.4 Covered electrodes for manual arc welding

1.5.2.4.1 General

1.5.2.4.1.1 Grades

Depending on the results of the Charpy V-notch

impact tests, electrodes are divided into the following grades:

− for normal strength steel: Grades 1, 2 and 3

− for higher strength steel with minimum

yield strength up to 355 N/mm2: Grades 2Y

and 3Y and 4Y (Grade 1Y not applicable

for manual welding).

− for higher strength steels with minimum


40, 3Y40, 4Y 40 and 5Y 40.


If the electrodes are in compliance with the re-

quirements of the hydrogen test given in 1.5.2.4.5 hereafter, a

suffix H15, H10 or H5 will be added to the Grade mark.

1.5.2.4.2 Deposited metal tests

1.5.2.4.2.1 Preparation of deposited metal test assem-

blies

Two deposited metal test assemblies are to be

prepared in the downhand position as shown in Fig. 1.5.2.4.2,

one with 4 mm diameter electrodes and the other with the

largest size manufactured. If an electrode is available in one

diameter only, one test assembly is sufficient. Any grade of

ship structural steel may be used for the preparation of these

test assemblies.

The weld metal is to be deposited in single or

multi-run layers according to normal practice, and the direc-

tion of deposition of each layer is to alternate from each end

of the plate, each run of weld metal being not less than 2 mm

and not more than 4 mm thick. Between each run, the assem-

bly is to be left in still air until it has cooled to less than

250°C but not below 100°C, the temperature being taken in

the centre of the weld, on the surface of the seam. After weld-

ing, the test assemblies are not to be subjected to any heat

treatment.

1.5.2.4.2.2 Chemical analysis

At the discretion of the Register, the chemical

analysis of the deposited weld metal in each test assembly is

to be supplied by the manufacturer and is to include the con-

tent of all significant alloying element.

1.5.2.4.2.3 Execution of tests

One tensile and three impact test specimens are

to be taken from each test assembly as shown in Figure

1.5.2.4.2. Care is to be taken that the axis of the tensile test

specimen coincides with the centre of the weld and the mid-

thickness of the plates. Tests are to be performed according

to Section 1.5.2.3 of these requirements.

1.5.2.4.2.4 Results of tests and requirements

The results of all tests are to comply with the

requirements of Table 1.5.2.4-1 as appropriate.


PART 26

2021

Figure 1.5.2.4.2

Deposited metal test assembly

Table 1.5.2.4-1

Requirements for deposited metal test (covered manual electrodes)

Grade Minimum yield

stress Tensile strength

Minimum

elongation on 50 mm

gauge length

(Lo = 5 d)

Charpy V-notch impact test

Test Temperature Minimum Average

Energy

(N/mm2) (N/mm2) (%) (oC) (J)

1

2

3

305

400-560

22

20

0

-20

47

47

47

2Y

3Y

4Y

375

490-660

22

0

-20

-40

47

47

47

2Y 40

3Y 40

4Y 40

5Y 40

400 510-690 22

0

-20

-40

-60

47

47

47

47


PART 26

2021

1.5.2.4.3 Butt weld tests

1.5.2.4.3.1 Preparation of butt weld test assemblies

Butt weld assemblies as shown in Fig. 1.5.2.4.3

are to be prepared for each welding position (downhand, hor-

izontal-vertical, vertical-upward, vertical-downward and

overhead) for which the electrode is recommended by the

manufacturer, except that electrodes satisfying the require-

ments for downhand and vertical-upward positions will be

considered as also complying with the requirements for the

horizontal-vertical position subject to the agreement

of the Register.

Where the electrode is to be approved only in

the downhand position, an additional test assembly is to be

prepared in that position.

For the preparation of the test assemblies one of

the steel grades as listed below for the individual electrode

grades shall be used:

− Grade 1 electrodes: A

− Grade 2 electrodes: A, B, D

− Grade 3 electrodes: A, B, D, E

− Grade 2Y electrodes: A32, A36, D32, D36.

− Grade 3Y electrodes: A32, A 36, D32, D36,

E32, E36

− Grade 4Y electrodes:A32, A36, D32, D36,

E32, E 36,F32, F36

− Grade 2Y 40 electrodes: A40, D40

− Grade 3Y 40 electrodes: A40, D40, E40

− Grade 4Y 40 electrodes: A40, D40, E40,

F40

− Grade 5Y 40 electrodes: A40, D40, E40,

F40

Where higher strength steel with minimum

yield strength 315 N/mm2 is used for grade 2Y, 3Y and 4Y

electrodes, the actual tensile strength of the steel is to be not

less than 490 N/mm2.

The chemical composition including the con-

tent of grain refining elements is to be reported.

1.5.2.4.3.2 Sequence of welding

Downhand (a). The first run with 4 mm diame-

ter electrode. Remaining runs (except the last two layers)

with 5 mm diameter electrodes or above according to the

normal welding practice with the electrodes. The runs of the

last two layers with the largest diameter of electrode manu-

factured.

Downhand (b) Where a second downhand test

is required). First run with 4 mm diameter electrode. Next run

with an electrode of intermediate diameter of 5 mm or 6 mm,

and the remaining runs with the largest diameter of electrode

manufactured.

Horizontal - vertical. First run with 4 mm or 5

mm diameter electrode. Subsequent runs with 5 mm diameter

electrodes.

Vertical-upward and overhead. First run with

3.25 mm diameter electrode. Remaining runs with 4 mm di-

ameter electrodes or possibly with 5 mm if this is recom-

mended by the manufacturer for the positions concerned.

Vertical-downward. If the electrode tested is

intended for vertical welding in the downward direction, this

technique is to be adopted for the preparation of the test as-

sembly using electrode diameters as recommended by the

manufacturer.

For all assemblies the back sealing runs are to

be made with 4 mm diameter electrodes in the welding posi-

tion appropriate to each test sample, after cutting out the root

run to clean metal.

For electrodes suitable for downhand welding

only, the test assemblies may be turned over to carry out the

back sealing run.

Normal welding practice is to be used, and be-

tween each run the assembly is to be left in still air until it has

cooled to less than 250°C but not below 100°C, the tempera-

ture being taken in the centre of the weld, on the surface of

the seam. After welding, the test assemblies are not to be sub-

jected to any heat treatment.

1.5.2.4.3.3 Radiographic examination

It is recommended that the welded assemblies

be subjected to a radiographic examination to ascertain if

there are any defects in the weld prior to the preparation of

test specimens.

1.5.2.4.3.4 Execution of tests

The test specimens as shown in Figure 1.5.2.4.3

are to be prepared from each test assembly.

Tests are to be performed according to Section

1.5.2.3 requirements.

1.5.2.4.3.5 Result of tests and requirements

The results of all tensile and impact tests are to

comply with the requirements of Table 1.5.2.4-2 as appropri-

ate. The position of fracture in the transverse tensile test is to

be reported. The bend test specimens can be considered as

complying with the requirements if, after bending, no crack

or defect having any dimensions exceeding 3 mm can be seen

on the outer surface of the test specimen.


PART 26

2021

Figure 1.5.2.4.3

Butt weld test assembly

Table 1.5.2.4-2

Requirements for butt weld test (covered manual electrodes)

Quality grade of

consumables

Tensile strength

(transverse test)

(N/mm2)


Test temperature

(Co)

Minimum average energy (J)

Downhand,

horizontal-vertical, overhead Vertical (upward and

downward)

1

2

3

400

20

0

-20

47

47

47

34

34

34

2Y

3Y

4Y

490

0

-20

-40

47

47

47

34

34

34

2Y 40

3Y 40

4Y 40

5Y 40

510

0

-20

-40

-60

47

47

47

47

39

39

39

39

1.5.2.4.4 Hot cracking test

1.5.2.4.4.1 Hot cracking test may be required at the discre-

tion of the Register.

1.5.2.4.5 Hydrogen test


At the request of the manufacturer, electrodes

may be submitted to a hydrogen test. A suffix H15, H10 or H

5 will be added to the grade number to indicate compliance

with the requirements of this test.

1.5.2.4.5.2 Execution of hydrogen test

The mercury method or thermal conductivity

detector method according to standard ISO 3690 is to be

used. Four weld assemblies are to be prepared. The tempera-

ture of the specimens and minimum holding time are to be

complied with following, according to the measuring method

respectively.


PART 26

2021

Measuring Method Test temperature

(Co)

Minimum Holding Time

(h)

Thermal

Conductivity

Detector

Method(1)

Gas

Chromatography

45 72

150 6

Note:

1) The use of hot carrier gas extraction method may be considered subject to verification of

the testing procedure to confirm that collection and measurement of the hydrogen oc-

curs continuously until all of the diffusible hydrogen is quantified..

The use of the glycerine method may be admit-

ted at the Regster's discretion. This method is described here-

after.

Four test specimens are to be prepared, measur-

ing 12 mm by 25 mm in cross section by about 125 mm in

length. The parent metal may be any grade of ship structural

steel and, before welding, the specimens are to be weighed to

the nearest 0.1 gram. On the 25 mm surface of each test spec-

imen, a single bead of welding is to be deposited, about 100

mm in length by a 4 mm electrode, fusing 150 mm of the

electrode. The welding is to be carried out with an arc as

short as possible and with a current of about 150 amp.

The electrodes, prior to welding, can be submit

ted to th normal drying process recommended by the manu-

facturer. Within 30 seconds of the completion of the welding

of each specimen the slag is to be removed and the specimen

quenched in water at approximately 20°C.

After 30 seconds in the water, the specimen is

to be cleaned and dried, and then placed in an apparatus suit-

able for the collection of hydrogen by displacement of glyc-

erine. The glycerine is to be kept at a temperature of 45°C

during the test. All four specimens are to be welded and

placed in individual hydrogen collecting apparatus within a

period of time which will limit any variation in hydrogen

content due to variation in exposure to moisture absorption

following any drying treatment. This should not exceed 30

minutes.

The specimens are to be kept immersed in the

glycerine for a period of 48 hours and, after removal, are to

be cleaned in water and spirit dried and weighed to the near-

est 0.1 gram to determine the amount of weld deposit. The

amount of gas involved is to be measured to the nearest 0.05

cm3 and corrected for temperature and pressure to 0°C and

760 mm Hg.

1.5.2.4.5.3 Results to be obtained

The individual and average diffusible hydrogen

contents of the four specimens are to be reported, and the av-

erage value in cm3 per 100 grams is not to exceed the follow-

ing:

Mark Diffusible Hydrogen

Contents Measuring Method

H15 151 Mercury Method

Thermal Conductivity Detector Method

Glycerine Method H10 102

H5 5 Mercury Method

Thermal Conductivity Detector Method

Notes:

1) 10 cm3 per 100 grams where the glycerine method is used.

2) 5 cm3 per 100 grams where the glycerine method is used.

Note: The glycerine method is not to be used for the welding consumables with H 5 mark.

1.5.2.4.6 Covered electrodes for manual fillet welding

1.5.2.4.6.1 General

Where an electrode is submitted only to ap-

proval for fillet welding and to which the butt weld test pro-

vided in 1.5.2.4.3 is not considered applicable, the first ap-

proval tests are to consist of the fillet weld tests given in

1.5.2.4.6.2, and deposited metal tests similar to those indicat-

ed in 1.5.2.4.2.

Where an electrode is submitted to approval for

both butt and fillet welding, the first approval tests may, at

the discretion of the Register, include one fillet weld test as

detailed hereunder and welded in the horizontal-vertical posi-

tion.

1.5.2.4.6.2 Fillet weld test assemblies

When the electrode is proposed only for fillet

welding, fillet weld assemblies as shown in Figure 1.5.2.4.6-

1, are to be prepared for each welding position (horizontal-

vertical, vertical upwards, vertical downwards or overhead)

for which the electrode is recommended by the manufacturer.

The length of the test assemblies L is to be sufficient to allow

at least the deposition of the entire length of the electrode be-

ing tested.


PART 26

2021

The grade of steel used for the test assemblies

is to be as detailed in 1.5.2.4.3.1.

The first side is to be welded using the maxi-

mum size of electrode manufactured and the second side is to

be welded using the minimum size of electrode manufactured

and recommended for fillet welding.

The fillet size will in general be determined by

the electrode size and the welding current employed during

testing.

1.5.2.4.6.3 Tests on fillet weld assemblies

1) Macrographs

Each test assembly is to be sectioned to

form three macro-sections each about

25mm thick. They are to be examined for

root penetration, satisfactory profile,

freedom from cracking and reasonable

freedom from porosities and slag inclu-

sions.

2) Hardness

At the discretion of the Register, the

hardness of the weld, of the heat affected

zone (HAZ) and of parent metal may be

determined, and reported for information

(see Figure 1.5.2.4.6-2).

3) Fracture

One of the remaining sections of the fillet

weld is to have the weld on the first side

gouged or machined to facilitate breaking

the fillet weld, on the second side by clos-

ing the two plates together, submitting the

root of the weld to tension. On the other

remaining section, the weld on the second

side is to be gouged or machined and the

section fractured using the same proce-

dure. The fractured surfaces are to be ex-

amined and there should be no evidence

of incomplete penetration, or internal

cracking and they should be reasonably

free from porosity.

Figure 1.5.2.4.6-1

Fillet weld test assembly

Figure 1.5.2.4.6-2

Hardness readings

1.5.2.4.7 Covered electrodes for gravity or contact

welding

Where an electrode is submitted solely to ap-

proval for use in contact welding using automatic gravity or

similar welding devices, deposited metal tests, fillet weld

tests (see 1.5.2.4.6) and, where appropriate, but weld tests

similar to those for normal manual electrodes are to be car-

ried out using the process for which the electrode is recom-

mended by the manufacturer.

Where a covered electrode is submitted to ap-

proval for use in contact welding using automatic gravity or

similar welding devices in addition to normal manual weld-

ing, fillet weld and, where appropriate, butt weld tests, using

the gravity of other contact device as recommended by the

manufacturer, are to be carried out in addition to the normal

approval tests.

In the case of a fillet welding electrode using

automatic gravity or similar contact welding devices, the fil-

let welding should be carried out using the welding process

recommended by the manufacturer, with the longest size of

the electrode manufactured. The manufacturer's recommend-

ed current range is to be reported for each electrode size.

Where approval is requested for the welding of

both normal strength and higher strength steel, the assemblies

are to be prepared using higher strength steel.


PART 26

2021

1.5.2.4.8 Annual tests and upgrading

1.5.2.4.8.1 Annual tests and periodical inspection of

manufacturer's plant

All establishments where approved electrodes

are manufactured shall be subject to annual inspection.

The annual tests are to consist of at least the

following:

1) Covered electrode for normal manual arc

welding

Two deposited metal test assemblies are

to be prepared in accordance with

1.5.2.4.2. The mechanical properties (one

tensile test, 3 Charpy-V impact tests on

each assembly) are to be in accordance

with Table 1.5.2.4-1. This also applies to

electrodes which are approved only for

fillet welding.

At the discretion of the Register a butt

weld test to be welded in down-hand or in

vertical position, can be required in lieu

of the deposited metal test 4 mm elec-

trodes. Three Charpy V-notch impact test

specimens are to be taken from the butt

weld assembly.

For Mark H 10 and Mark H 5 covered

electrodes, a hydrogen test following

1.5.2.4.5 can also be required for each

annual test at the discretion of the Regis-

ter.

2) Covered electrodes for gravity or contact

welding

Where an electrode is approved solely for

gravity or contact welding, the annual test

is to consist of one deposited metal test

assembly using the gravity or other con-

tact device as recommended by the manu-

facturer. If this electrode is approved also

for normal manual arc welding the annual

test is to be performed according to

1.5.2.4.8.1-1).

1.5.2.4.8.2 Upgrading and uprating of electrodes

1) Upgrading and uprating will be consid-

ered only at the manufacturer's request,

preferably at the time of annual testing.

Generally, for this purpose, tests on butt-

weld assemblies will be required in addi-

tion to the normal reapproval tests.

2) Upgrading refers to notch toughness and

consequently, only Charpy V impact tests

are required from the respective butt-weld

assemblies as required by 1.5.2.4.3

(downhand, horizontal vertical, vertical

up or/and down, overhead, as applicable),

and have to be performed at the upgraded

temperature.

These butt-weld tests are to be made in

addition to the normal requirements for

annual deposited metal tests (which have,

of course, to take into consideration the

upgraded temperature for Charpy V spec-

imens).

3) Uprating refers to the extension of ap-

proval in order to cover the welding of

higher strength steels; of course, welding

of normal strength steels continue to be

covered by the extended approval, as

stated in 1.5.2.1.2.1.

For this purpose all butt-weld tests are to be

made again, as required in 1.5.2.4.3 and using higher strength

steel, as parent metal.

1.5.2.5 Wire flux combinations for submerged arc

welding

1.5.2.5.1 General

1.5.2.5.1.1 Categories

Wire flux combinations for single electrode submerged

arc automatic welding are divided into the following two cat-

egories:

− For use with the multi-run technique

− For use with the two run technique

Where particular wire-flux combinations are in-

tended for welding with both techniques, tests are to be car-

ried out for each technique.

1.5.2.5.1.2 Grades

Depending on the results of impact tests, wire-

flux combinations are divided into the following grades:

− For normal strength steel: Grades 1, 2 or 3.

− For higher strength steels with minimum

yield strength up to 355 N/mm2: Grades

1Y, 2Y, 3Y or 4Y.

− For higher strength steels with minimum


40, 3Y 40, 4Y 40 or 5Y 40.

The suffixes T, M or TM will be added after the

grade mark to indicate approval for the tworun technique,

multi-run technique or both techniques, respectively.

1.5.2.5.1.3 Multiple electrode submerged arc welding

Wire-flux combinations for multiple electrode

submerged arc welding will be subject to separate approval

tests. They are to be carried out generally in accordance with

the requirements of this section.

1.5.2.5.1.4 Mechanical tests on assemblies

Mechanical tests on assemblies with submerged

arc welding for wire/flux approval are given in Table 1.5.2.5-

1.

1.5.2.5.2 Approval tests for multi-run technique

1.5.2.5.2.1 Grades of steel

Where approval for use with the multi-run

technique is requested, deposited metal and butt weld tests

are to be carried out.

For deposited metal test assembly any grade of

ship structural steel may be used.


PART 26

2021

For butt weld test assembly one of the grades of

steel as listed below for the individual grades of wire-flux

combinations shall be used:

− Grade 1 wire-flux combinations: A

− Grade 2 wire-flux combinations: A, B, D

− Grade 3 wire-flux combinations: A, B, D, E

− Grade 1 Y wire-flux combinations: A32,

A36

− Grade 2Y wire-flux combinations: A32,

A36, D32, D36


A36, D32, D36, E32, E36


A36, D32, D36, E32, E36, F32, F36

− Grade 2Y 40 wire-flux combinations: A40,

D40


D40 E40


D 40, E 40, F 40


D 40, E 40, F 40

1.5.2.5.2.2 Deposited metal test assembly

1) Preparation

One deposited metal test assembly is to

be prepared as shown in Figure 1.5.2.5-1.

Welding is to be carried out in the down-

hand position, and the direction of depo-

sition of each run is to alternate from each

end of the plate. After completion of each

run, the flux and welding slag is to be re-

moved. Between each run the assembly is

to be left in still air until it has cooled to

less than 250 °C, but not below 100 °C,

the temperature being taken in the centre

of the weld, on the surface of the seam.

The thickness of the layer is to be not less

than the diameter of the wire nor less than

4 mm.

The weld conditions, including amperage,

voltage and rate of travel speed are to be

in accordance with the recommendations

of the manufacturer and are to conform

with normal good welding practice for

multi-run welding.

2) Chemical analysis

At the discretion of the Register, the

chemical analysis of the deposited weld

metal in this test assembly is to be sup-

plied by the manufacturer and is to in-

clude the content of all significant alloy-

ing elements.

3) Execution of tests

In accordance with Table 1.5.2.5-1, the

test specimens as shown in Figure

1.5.2.5-1 are to be prepared from each

test assembly. Tests are to be performed

according to Section 1.5.2.3 require-

ments.

4) Results and requirements

The results of all tests are to comply with

the requirements of Table 1.5.2.5-2, as

appropriate.


PART 26

2021

All dimensions in mm unless otherwise indicated


Figure 1.5.2.5-1

Deposited metal test assembly

Table 1.5.2.5-1

General table giving the mechanical tests on assemblies with submerged arc welding for wire/flux approval

M

(multi-run technique)

T

(two-run technique)

TM

(two-run and multi-run technique)

Deposited

metal

assembly

Butt weld

assembly

Butt weld

assembly

(minimum

thickness

Butt weld

assembly

(maximum

thickness)

Deposited metal

assembly

Butt weld assembly

Multi-run

technique

Two-run technique

Minimum

thickness

Maximum

thickness

3CV

2LT

2TT

4TB

3CV

2TT

2TB

3CV

2TT

2TB

3CV

1LT

3CV

1LT

2TT

4TB

3CV

2TT

2TB

3CV

2TT

2TB

3CV

1LT

Symbol definitions:

TT Transverse Tensile Test on the butt weld assembly

TB Transverse Bend Test on the butt weld assembly

CV Charpy V-Impact Test in axis of the weld

LT Longitudinal Tensile Test in the weld


PART 26

2021

Table 1.5.2.5-2

Requirements for deposited metal tests (wire-flux combination)

Grades of welding

consumables

Yield stress

(N/mm2)

minimum

Tensile strength

(N/mm2)

Elongation on 50 mm

gauge length

(Lo = 5d)

% minimum


Test temperature

(oC)

Average energy (J),

minimum

1

2

3

305 400-560 22

20

0

-20

34

34

34

1Y

2Y

3Y

4Y

375 490-660 22

20

0

-20

-40

34

34

34

34

2Y 40

3Y 40

4Y 40

5Y 40

400 510-690 22

0

-20

-40

-60

39

39

39

39

1.5.2.5.2.3 Butt weld test assembly

1) Preparation

One butt weld test assembly is to be pre-

pared as shown in Figure 1.5.2.5-2 in the

downhand position by welding together

two plates (20 to 25 mm thick), each not

less than 150 mm in width and sufficient

length to allow the cutting out of test

specimens of the prescribed number and

size.

The plate edges are to be prepared to

form a single vee joint, the included angle

between the fusion faces being 60° and

the root face being 4 mm.

The welding is to be carried out by the

multi-run technique and the welding con-

ditions are to be the same as those adopt-

ed for the deposited metal test assembly.

The back sealing run is to be applied in

the downhand position after cutting out

the root run to clean metal.

After welding the test assembly is not to

be subject to any heat treatment.

2) Radiographic examination

It is recommended that the welded as-

sembly be subject to a radiographic ex-

amination to ascertain if there are any de-

fects in the weld prior to the preparation

of test specimens.


The test specimen to be prepared from the

welded assembly are given in Table

1.5.2.5-1 and shown in Fig. 1.5.2.5-2. The

tests are to be performed according to the

requirements of Section 1.5.2.3.

4) Results of tests and requirements

The results of all tensile and impact tests

are to comply with the requirements of

Table 1.5.2.5-3 as appropriate. The posi-

tion of the fracture in the transverse ten-

sile test is to be reported.

The bend test specimens can be consid-

ered as complying with the requirements

if, after bending, no crack or defect, hav-

ing any dimension exceeding 3 mm can

be seen on the outer surface of the test

specimen.


PART 26

2021


Figure 1.5.2.5-2

Multi-run butt weld test assembly (submerged arc welding)

Table 1.5.2.5-3

Requirements for butt weld tests (wire-flux combination)

Grade of welding

consumables

Tensile strength

(transverse test)

(N/mm2)

Charpy V-notch impact tests

Test temperature

(oC)

Average energy (J)

minimum

1

2

3

400

20

0

-20

34

34

34

1Y

2Y

3Y

4Y

490

20

0

-20

-40

34

34

34

34

2Y 40

3Y 40

4Y 40

5Y 40

510

0

-20

-40

-60

39

39

39

39


PART 26

2021

1.5.2.5.3 Approval tests for two-run technique

1.5.2.5.3.1 Number of test assemblies

Where approval for use with the two-run

technique is requested, two but weld test assemblies are to be

prepared using the following thicknesses:

− For grades 1 and 1Y: 12 to 15 mm and 20

to 25 mm

− For grades 2, 2Y, 3, 3Y and 4Y: 20 to 25

mm and 30 to 35 mm

− For grades 2Y 40, 3Y 40, 4Y 40 and 5Y 40:

20 to 25 mm and 30

to 35 mm

A limitation of the approval to the medium

range (up to the maximum welded plate thickness) may be

agreed to by the Register. Test assemblies shall then be weld-

ed using plates of 12 to 15mm and 20 to 25mm irrespective

of the grade for which the approval is requested.

When a wire-flux combination is offered to ap-

proval for use with the two-run technique only, it is reminded

that no deposited metal test assemblies have to be done. In

this case approval tests are limited to the butt welds on two-

run assemblies described in 1.5.2.5.3.2 hereafter.

Where approval is requested for welding of

both normal strength and higher strength steel two assemblies

are to be prepared using higher strength steel. Two assem-

blies prepared using normal strength steel may also be re-

quired at the discretion of the Register.

1.5.2.5.3.2 Butt weld tests assemblies

1) Preparation of assemblies

The maximum diameter of wire, grades

of steel plate and edge preparation to be

used are to be in accordance with Fig.

1.5.2.5-3. Small deviations in the edge

preparation may be allowed if requested

by the manufacturer. The root gap should

not exceed 1 mm.

Each butt weld is to be welded in two

runs, one from each side, using amperag-

es, voltages and travel speeds in accord-

ance with the recommendations of manu-

facturer and normal good welding prac-

tice.

After completion of the first run, the flux

and welding slag are to be removed and

the assembly is to be left in still air until it

has cooled to 100°C, the temperature be-

ing taken in the centre of the weld, on the

surface of the seam.

After welding, the test assemblies are not

to be subjected to any heat treatment.

2) Radiographic examination

It is recommended that the welded as-

semblies are subjected to radiographic

examination to ascertain if there are any

defects in the weld prior to the prepara-

tion of test specimens.


The test specimens indicated in Table

1.5.2.5-1 and shown in Figure 1.5.2.5-4

are to be prepared from each test assem-

bly. Tests are to be performed according

to Section 1.5.2.3 requirements. The

Charpy V-notch impact test specimens

are to be machined from each welded as-

sembly from the positions and with the

orientations shown in Fig. 1.5.2.5-5.

4) Results of tests and requirements

The results of all tensile and impact tests

are to comply with the requirements of

table 5b and 5c as appropriate. The posi-

tion of fracture in the transverse tensile

test is to be reported. The bend test spec-

imens can be considered as complying

with the requirements if, after bending, no

crack or defect having any dimensions

exceeding 3 mm can be seen on the outer

surface of the test specimen.

5) Chemical analysis

The chemical analysis of the weld metal

is to be supplied by the manufacturer, and

is to include the content of all significant

alloying elements.


PART 26

2021

Table 1.5.2.5-3

Butt weld test assemblies (two-run technique)

Plate

thickness

(mm)

Recommended

preparation (mm)

Maximum

diameter of

wire (mm)

Grade wire-flux

combination

Grade of normal

strength

steel

Grade of higher strength

steel

about

12-15

5 1

1Y

A

-

-

A32, A36

about

20-25

6

1

1Y

2

2Y

2Y 40

3

3Y

3Y 40

4Y

4Y 40

5Y 40

A

-

A, B or D

.

.

A, B, D or E

-

-

-

-

-

-

A32, A36

-

A32, A36, D32, D36

A40, D40

-

A32, A36, D32, D36, E32, E36

A40, D40, E40

A32, A36, D32, D36, E32, E36, F32, F36

A40, D40, E40, F40

A40, D40, E40, F40

about

30-35

7

2

2Y

2Y 40

3

3Y

3Y 40

4Y

4Y 40

5Y 40

A, B or D

-

-

A, B, D or E

.

.

-

-

-

-

A32, A36, D32, D36

A40, D40

-

A32, A36, D32, D36, E32, E36

A40, D40, E40, A32, A36, D32, D36,

E32, E36, F32, F36

A40, D40, E40, F40

A40, D40, E40, F40


PART 26

2021

Figure 1.5.2.5-4



Figure 1.5.2.5-5

1.5.2.5.4 Annual tests – upgrading

1.5.2.5.4.1 Annual tests

All establishments where approved wire/flux

combinations are manufactured shall be subject to annual in-

spection.

Annual tests are to consist of at least the fol-

lowing:

a) multi-run technique: on deposited metal

assembly and tests: 1 tensile and 3 impact

tests.

b) two-run technique: one butt weld assem-

bly with 20 mm minimum thickness plate

and tests: 1 transverse tensile, 2 trans-

verse bends and 3 impact tests. One lon-

gitudinal tensile test specimen is also to

be prepared where the wire-flux combina-

tion is approved solely for the two-run

technique.

The assemblies are to be prepared and tested in

accordance with the requirements for initial approval.

Where a wire-flux combination is approved for

welding both normal strength and higher strength steel, the

latter steel is to be used for the preparation of the butt weld

assembly required by 1.5.2.5.4.1 b).


PART 26

2021

1.5.2.5.4.2 Upgrading and rating

1.5.2.5.4.2.1 Upgrading of wire-flux combinations in con-

nection with the impact properties will be considered as de-

tailed in 1.5.2.4.8.2-2), and for wire-flux combinations ap-

proved for two runs welding, a butt-weld in the maximum

thickness approved is to be made and sampled for Charpy-V

testing in accordance with 1.5.2.5.3.2-3).

1.5.2.5.4.2.2 Uprating of wire-flux combinations in connec-

tion with the tensile properties will be considered as detailed

in 1.5.2.4.8.2-3).

1.5.2.6 Wires and wire-gas combinations for metal

arc welding

1.5.2.6.1 General

1.5.2.6.1.1 Categories

Wire-gas combinations and flux-cored or flux-

coated wires (for use with or without a shielding gas) are di-

vided into the following categories for the purposes of ap-

proval testing:

a) For use in semi-automatic multi-run

welding.

b) For use in single electrode automatic mul-

ti-run welding.

c) For use in single electrode automatic two-

run welding.

Note:

The term semi-automatic is used to describe processes in

which the weld is made manually by a welder holding a gun

through which the electrode wire is continuously fed.

1.5.2.6.1.2 Grades and suffixes

1) Depending on the results of impact tests,

wires and wire-gas combinations are di-

vided into the following grades:

- For normal strength steel Grades 1, 2

and 3;

- For higher strength steels with mini-

mum yield strength up to 355

N/mm2: Grades 1Y, 2Y, 3Y and 4Y.

- For higher strength steels with mini-

mum yield strength up to 390

N/mm2: Grades 2Y 40, 3Y 40, 4Y 40

and 5Y 40.

2) A suffix "S" will be added after the grade

mark to indicate approval for semi-

automatic multi-run welding.

3) For wires intended for automatic welding,

the suffixes "T", "M" or "TM" will be

added after the grade mark to indicate ap-

proval for two-run, multi-run, or both

welding techniques, respectively.

4) For wires intended for both semi-

automatic and automatic welding, the suf-

fixes will be added in combination.

1.5.2.6.1.3 Composition of shielding gas

1) Where applicable, the composition of the

shielding gas is to be reported. Unless

otherwise agreed by the Register, addi-

tional approval tests are required when a

shielding gas is used other than that used

for the original approval tests.

2) The approval of a wire in combination

with any particular gas can be applied or

transferred to any combination of the

same wire and any gas in the same num-

bered group as defined in Table 1.5.2.6-1,

subject to the agreement of the Register.

Table 1.5.2.6-1

Compositional limits of designated groups of gas types and mixtures

Group Gas composition (Vol. %)

CO2 O2 H2 Ar

M1 1

2

3

4

> 0 to 5

> 0 to 5

-

> 0 to 5

-

-

> 0 to 3

> 0 to 3

> 0 to 5

-

-

-

Rest1)2)

Rest 1)2)

Rest 1)2)

Rest 1)2)

M2 1

2

3

> 5 to 25

-

> 5 to 25

-

> 3 to 10

> 0 to 8

-

-

-

Rest 1)2)

Rest 1)2)

Rest 1)2)

M3 1

2

3

> 25 to 50

-

> 5 to 50

> 10 to 15

> 8 to 15

-

-

-

Rest 1)2)

Rest 1)2)

Rest 1)2)

C 1

2

100

Rest

-

> 0 to 30

-

-

-

-

Notes: 1) Argon may be substituted by Helium up to 95% of the Argon content. 2) Approval covers gas mixtures with equal or higher Helium contents only.


PART 26

2021

1.5.2.6.1.4 Low hydrogen approval

1) Flux-cored or flux-coated wires which

have satisfied the requirements for

Grades 2, 2Y, 2Y 40, 3, 3Y, 3Y 40, 4Y,

4Y 40 and 5Y 40 may, at manufacturer's

option, be submitted to the hydrogen test

as detailed in 1.5.2.4.5, using the manu-

facturer's recommended welding condi-

tions and adjusting the deposition rate to

give a weight of weld deposit per sample

similar to that deposited when using

manual electrodes.

2) A suffix H15, H10 or H5 will be added to

the grade mark, in the same conditions as

for manual arc welding electrodes (see

1.5.2.4.5.3 above) to indicate compliance

with the requirements of the test.

1.5.2.6.2 Approval for semi-automatic multi-run

welding

1.5.2.6.2.1 General

Approval tests for semi-automatic multi-run

welding are to be carried out generally in accordance with

Section 1.5.2.4, except as required by 1.5.2.6.2, using the

semi-automatic multi-run technique for the preparation of all

test assemblies.

1.5.2.6.2.2 Preparation of deposited metal assemblies

1) Two deposited metal test assemblies are

to be prepared in the downhand position

as shown in Fig. 1.5.2.4.2, one using the

smallest diameter, and the other using the

largest diameter of wire intended for the

welding of ship structures. Where only

one diameter is manufactured, only one

deposited metal assembly is to be pre-

pared.

2) The weld metal is to be deposited accord-

ing to the practice recommended by the-

manufacturer, and the thickness of each

layer of weld metal is to be between 2

and 6 mm.


The chemical analysis of the deposited weld metal in

each test assembly is to be supplied by the manufacturer, and

is to include the content of all significant alloying elements.

1.5.2.6.2.4 Mechanical tests

On each assembly, tests are to be made in ac-

cordance with 1.5.2.4.2.3, and the results are to comply with

the requirements of 1.5.2.4.2.4, appropriate to the required

grade.

1.5.2.6.2.5 Preparation of butt weld assemblies

1) Butt weld assemblies as shown in Fig.

1.5.2.4.3 are to be prepared for each

welding position (downhand, horizontal-

vertical, vertical upwards, vertical down-

wards and overhead) for which the wire

or wire-gas combination is recommended

by the manufacturer.

2) The downhand assembly is to be welded

using, for the first run, wire of the small-

est diameter to be approved and, for the

remaining runs, wire of the largest diame-

ter to be approved.

3) Where approval is requested only in the

downhand position, an additional butt

weld assembly is to be prepared in that

position using wires of different diameter

from those required by 1.5.2.6.2.5-2).

Where only one diameter is manufac-

tured, only one downhand butt weld as-

sembly is to be prepared.

4) The butt weld assemblies in positions

other than downhand, are to be welded

using, for the first run, wire of the small-

est diameter to be approved, and, for the

remaining runs, the largest diameter of

wire recommended by the manufacturer

for the position concerned.



are subjected to radiographic examination to ascertain if there

are any defects in the welds prior to the preparation of test

specimens.

1.5.2.6.2.7 Tests

On each assembly, tests are to be made in ac-

cordance with 1.5.2.4.3.4, and the results are to comply with

the requirements of 1.5.2.4.3.5.

1.5.2.6.2.8 Fillet weld tests

Fillet weld test assemblies are required to be

made in accordance with 1.5.2.4.6.1 and 1.5.2.4.6.2, and test-

ed in accordance with 1.5.2.4.6.3.

1.5.2.6.3 Approval for automatic multi-run welding

1.5.2.6.3.1 General

Approval tests for automatic multi-run welding

are to be carried out generally in accordance with section

1.5.2.5 multi-run approval, except as required by 1.5.2.5.2,

using the automatic multi-run technique for the preparation of

all test assemblies.

1.5.2.6.3.2 Preparation of deposited metal assembly

One deposited metal assembly is to be prepared

as shown in Fig. 1.5.2.5-1. Welding is to be as detailed in

1.5.2.5.2.2.1, except that the thickness of each layer is to be

not less than 3 mm.


The chemical analysis of the deposited weld

metal in this test assembly is to be supplied by the manufac-

turer, and is to include the content of all significant alloying

elements.


PART 26

2021


Tests on this assembly are to be made in ac-

cordance with 1.5.2.5.2.2-3), and the results are to comply

with the requirements of 1.5.2.5.2.2-4).

1.5.2.6.3.5 Preparation of butt weld weld assemblies

One butt weld assembly is to be prepared in

each welding position which is to be approved.

Generally, this will be the downhand position

only, in which case only one assembly is required. Prepara-

tion of the assembly is to be in accordance with 1.5.2.5.2.3-

1).


It is recommended that each assembly be sub-

jected to a radiographic examination to ascertain any defect

in the weld prior to testing.


Tests are to be made on each assembly in ac-

cordance with 1.5.2.5.2.3-3) and the results are to comply

with the requirements of Table 1.5.2.5-3. Where more than

one assembly is prepared and tested, the number of transverse

tensile and bend test specimens from each assembly may be

halved.

1.5.2.6.3.8 Discretionary approval

At the discretion of the Register, wires or wire-

gas combinations approved for semi-automatic multi-run

welding may also be approved, without additional tests, for

automatic multi-run welding approval.

This is generally the case when automatic mul-

ti-run welding is performed in the same conditions of weld-

ing current and energy as semi-automatic welding with the

concerned wire-gas combination.

The only difference between the two welding

processes in this case is that the welding gun is held by an au-

tomatic device instead of the welder's hand.

1.5.2.6.4 Approval for automatic two-run welding

1.5.2.6.4.1 General

Approval tests for automatic two-run welding

are to be carried out generally in accordance with the re-

quirements of Section 1.5.2.5.3, except as required by

1.5.2.6.4, using the automatic two-run welding technique for

the preparation of all test assemblies.

1.5.2.6.4.2 Preparation of butt weld assemblies

1) Two butt weld test assemblies are to be

prepared, generally as detailed in

1.5.2.5.3.1 and 1.5.2.5.3.2, using plates

12-15 mm and 20-25 mm in thickness. If

approval is requested for welding plate

thicker than 25 mm, one assembly is to be

prepared using plates approximately 20

mm in thickness and the other using

plates of the maximum thickness for

which approval is requested.

2) The plate preparation of the test assem-

blies is to be as shown in Fig. 1.5.2.6.

Small deviations in the edge preparation

may be allowed, if requested by the man-

ufacturer. For assemblies using plates

over 25 mm in thickness, the edge prepa-

ration is to be reported for information.

Deviations or variations will be expected

to form part of the manufacturer's stand-

ard recommended procedure for this

technique and thickness range.

3) The diameters of wires used are to be in

accordance with the recommendations of

the manufacturer and are to be reported.


Figure 1.5.2.6 Recommended edge preparation for two-run butt weld test assemblies


PART 26

2021



be subjected to radiographic examination to ascertain any de-

fect in the weld prior to testing, and to confirm full penetra-

tion continuously along the major part of the welded length

of each assembly.

1.5.2.6.4.4. Mechanical tests

Tests are to be made on each assembly in ac-

cordance with 1.5.2.5.3.2-3 to 1.5.2.5.3.2-5 and the results

are to comply with the requirements of 1.5.2.5.2.2-4) and Ta-

ble 1.5.2.5-3.


The chemical analysis of the deposited weld

metal on the second side welded, is to be reported for each

assembly.

1.5.2.6.5 Annual tests and up-grading

1.5.2.6.5.1 Annual tests

Annual tests are to consist of at least:

a) Wires approved for semi-automatic or

both semi-automatic and automatic multi-

run welding : one deposited metal test as-

sembly prepared in accordance with

1.5.2.6.2.2 using a wire of diameter with-

in the range approved for the semi-

automatic multi-run welding of ship

structures.

b) Wires approved for automatic multi-run

welding: one deposited metal test assem-

bly prepared in accordance with

1.5.2.6.3.2 using a wire of diameter with-

in the range approved for automatic mul-

ti-run welding of ship structures.

c) Wires approved for automatic two-run

welding: one butt weld test assembly pre-

pared in accordance with 1.5.2.6.4.2 us-

ing plates of 20-25 mm in thickness. The

wire diameter used is to be reported.

The test specimens are to be prepared and test-

ed in accordance with the requirements of this Section, ex-

cept that only the following tests are required:

a) For deposited metal assemblies (semi-

automatic and automatic multi-run): one

tensile and three impact tests.

b) For butt weld assemblies (automatic two-

run): one transverse tensile, two bend and

three impact tests. One longitudinal ten-

sile test is also required where the wire is

approved solely for automatic two-run

welding.

Note:

At the discretion of the Register, hydrogen test can be carried

out following 1.5.2.4.5.

1.5.2.6.5.2 Up-grading and up-rating

1) Up-grading of flux cored wires and wire-

gas combinations in connection with the

impact properties will be considered as

detailed in 1.5.2.4.8.2-2.)

2) Up-rating of flux cored wires and wire-

gas combinations with the tensile proper-

ties will be considered as detailed in

1.5.2.4.8.2-3).

1.5.2.7 Consumables for use in eletroslag and elec-

trogas vertical welding

1.5.2.7.1 General

1.5.2.7.1.1 The requirements for the two-run technique as

detailed in Section 1.5.2.5 are applicable for the approval of

special consumables used in electro-slag and electro-gas ver-

tical welding with or without consumable nozzles except as

otherwise required by the following requirements especially

as regards the number and kind of the test-pieces used for the

mechanical tests and taken from the butt welded assemblies.

1.5.2.7.1.2 For Grades 1Y, 2Y, 3Y, 4Y, 2Y 40, 3Y 40, 4Y

40 and 5Y 40 approval of the consumables may be restricted

for use only with specific types of higher strength steel. This

is in respect of the content of grain refining elements, and if

general approval is required, a niobium treated steel is to be

used for the approval tests.

1.5.2.7.1.3 For these special welding consumables, the pre-

scription 1.5.2.1.2.1 may not be entirely applicable for tech-

nical reasons.

Where approval is requested for welding of

both normal strength and higher strength steel two assemblies

are to be prepared using higher strength steel. Two assem-

blies prepared using normal strength steel may also be re-

quired at the discretion of the Register.

1.5.2.7.2 Butt weld tests

1.5.2.7.2.1 Preparation of test assemblies

Two butt weld test assemblies are to be pre-

pared, one of them with plates 20/25 mm thick, the other with

plates 35/40 mm thick or more. The grade of the steel to be

used for each one of these assemblies must be selected ac-

cording to the requirements given in the Figure 1.5.2.5-3 for

two-run submerged arc welding.

The chemical composition of the plate, includ-

ing the content of grain refining elements is to be reported.

The welding conditions and the edge prepara-

tion are to be those recommended by the welding consumable

manufacturer and are to be reported.



be subjected to a radiographic examination to ascertain if

there are any defects in the weld prior to the preparation of

test specimens.

1.5.2.7.2.3 Test series

Each assembly shall be cut to give test speci-

mens according to Figure 1.5.2.7.

The length of the assembly should be sufficient

to allow the selection of all the test specimens:


PART 26

2021

− 2 longitudinal tensile test specimens with

their axis at the centre of the weld.

− 2 transverse tensile test specimens.

− 2 side bend test specimens.

− 2 sets of 3 Charpy-V notch impact test

specimens in accordance with Figure

1.5.2.7:

- 1 set with the notch in the axes of the

weld,

- 1 set with the notch at 2 mm from the fu-

sion line in the deposited metal.

− 2 macro-sections to the weld (towards the

middle of the weld and towards one end).

1.5.2.7.2.4 Results to be obtained

The results of the tensile, bend and impact tests

are to comply with the requirements of paragraph 1.5.2.5.3

(two-run welding) for the class of filler product in question.

1.5.2.7.3 Annual tests and up-grading

1.5.2.7.3.1 All factories which manufacture approved con-

sumables for use in electroslag and electrogas welding must

be subject to an annual inspection and tests in accordance

with 1.5.2.2.4.

1.5.2.7.3.2 One test assembly must be prepared from plates

20/25 mm thick, and tested as indicated in 1.5.2.7.2.

The following specimens are to be selected:

− 1 longitudinal tensile specimen from the ax-

is of the weld,

− 1 transverse tensile specimen,

− 2 side bend specimens,

− 3 Charpy-V specimens notched at the cen-

tre of the weld (position 1 Fig. 1.5.2.7),

− 3 Charpy-V specimens cut out transverse to

the weld with their notches at 2 mm from

the fusion line, in the weld,

− macro section.

1.5.2.7.3.3 The results to be obtained should meet the re-

quirements given in 1.5.2.5.3 (two-run welding) for the class

of the consumables in question.

1.5.2.7.3.4 Upgrading and uprating

Upgrading and uprating will be considered only

at the manufacturers’ request, at the time of annual testing.

Generally, for this purpose, full tests from butt weld assem-

blies as indicated in 1.5.2.7.2 will be required, irrespective of

the other tests requested if the concerned consumable is also

approved (and possibly upgraded or uprated) according to

Section 1.5.2.5 or Section 1.5.2.6.


PART 26

2021

Figure 1.5.2.7

Electroslag and electrogas butt weld test assembly

1.5.3 Approval of Welding Consumables for

High Strength Steels for Welded

Structures

1.5.3.1 General

1.5.3.1.1 Scope

1.5.3.1.1.1 These requirements supplements the 1.5.2 and

give the conditions of approval and inspection of welding

consumables used for high strength steels for welded struc-

tures according to the Rules for the classification of ships,

Part 25 – Metallic materials, Section 3.4 with yield strength

levels from 420 N/mm2 up to 960 N/mm2 and impact grades

A, D, E and F, except that impact grade F is not applicable

for 890 N/mm2 and 960 N/mm2 yield strength levels.

Where no special requirements are given, those

of 1.5.2 apply in analogous manner.

1.5.3.1.1.2 The welding consumables preferably to be used

for the steels concerned are divided into several categories as

follows :

− covered electrodes for manual welding,

− wire-flux combinations for multi-run*)

submerged arc welding,

− solid wire-gas combinations for arc welding

(including rods for gas tungsten arc weld-

ing),

− flux cored wire with or without gas for arc

welding.


PART 26

2021

*) Wire-flux combinations for single or two-run technique

are subject to special consideration of the Register.

1.5.3.1.2 Grading, Designation

1.5.3.1.2.1 Based on the yield strength of the weld metal,

the welding consumables concerned are divided into eight

(yield) strength groups :

− Y42 - for welding steels with minimum

yield strength 420 N/mm2















1.5.3.1.2.2 Each of the eight (yield) strength groups is fur-

ther divided into three main grades in respect of Charpy V-

notch impact test requirements (test temperatures):

− Grade 3, test temperature -20oC



1.5.3.1.2.3 Analogously to the designation scheme used in

1.5.2 the welding consumables for high strength steels are

subject to classification designation and approval as follows:

− According to 1.5.3.1.2.2 with the quality

grade 3, 4 or 5.

− With the added symbol Y and an appended

code number designating the minimum yi-

eld strength of the weld metal correspon-

ding to 1.5.3.1.2.1: Y42, Y46, Y50, Y55,

Y62, Y69, Y89 and Y96.

− With the added symbol H10 or H5 for con-

trolled hydrogen content of the weld metal.

− With the added symbol S (semi-automatic)

for semi-mechanised welding.

− With the added symbol M designating mul-

ti-run technique* (and is applicable only to

welding consumables for fully mechanised

welding).

* Wire –flux combinations for single or two-run technique

are subject to special consideration of the Register.

1.5.3.1.2.4 Each higher quality grade includes the one (or

those) below Grade A ... and D ... steels according to the


rials, Section 3.4 are to be welded using welding consuma-

bles of at least quality grade 3, grade E ... steels using at least

quality grade 4 and grade F ... steels using at least quality

grade 5., see the following table:

Consumable Grade Steel Grades covered

3 Y... D.. and A..

4 Y... E.., D.. and A..

5 Y... F.., E.., D.. and A..

Welding consumables approved with grades

..Y42, ..Y46 and ..Y50 are also considered suitable for weld-

ing steels in the two strength levels below that for which they

have been approved. Welding consumables approved with

grades ..Y55, ..Y62 and ..Y69 are also considered suitable for

welding steels in the one strength level below that for which

they have been approved.

Welding consumables with grade Y89 are con-

sidered suitable for welding steels in the same strength level

only. Welding consumables with grade Y96 are also consid-

ered suitable for welding steels in the one strength level be-

low that for which they have been approved.

Where the design requirements permit under-

matching weld joint, then welding consumables within the

scope of this section can be considered subject to Register

discretion and Manufacturer’s recommendations.

The Register may, in individual cases, restrict

the range of application in (up to) such a way, that approval

for any one strength level does not justify approval for any

other strength level.

1.5.3.1.3 Manufacture, testing and approval proce-

dure

1.5.3.1.3.1 Manufacturer’s plant, production methods and

quality control measures shall be such as to ensure reasonable

uniformity in manufacture, see also 1.5.2.

1.5.3.1.3.2 Testing and approval procedure shall be in ac-

cordance with sections 1.5.2.2 and 1.5.2.3 and as required in

1.5.2 for the individual categories (types) of welding con-

sumables mentioned in 1.5.3.1.1.2 above.

1.5.3.2 Testing of the Weld Metal

1.5.3.2.1 For testing the deposited weld metal, test pieces

analogous to those called for in sections 1.5.2.4.2, 1.5.2.5.2,

1.5.2.6.2 or 1.5.2.6.3 respectively shall be prepared, depend-

ing on the type of the welding consumables (and according to

the welding process). The base metal used shall be a fine-

grained structural steel compatible with the properties of the

weld metal, or the side walls of the weld shall be buttered

with a weld metal of the same composition.

1.5.3.2.2 The chemical composition of the deposited

weld metal shall be determined and certified in a manner

analogous to that prescribed in 1.5.2.4.2.2. The results of the

analysis shall not exceed the limit values specified in the

standards or by the manufacturer, the narrower tolerances be-

ing applicable in each case.

1.5.3.2.3 Depending on the type of welding consumables

(and according to welding process), the test specimens pre-

scribed in 1.5.2.3.1, 1.5.2.4.2, 1.5.2.6.2 or 1.5.2.6.3 respec-

tively shall be taken from the weld metal test pieces in a simi-

lar manner.

1.5.3.2.4 The mechanical properties shall meet the re-

quirements stated in Table 1.5.3-1 and Table 1.5.3-2. The

provisions of 1.5.2 apply in analogous manner to the perfor-


PART 26

2021

mance of tests, including in particular to the maintenance of

the test temperature in the notched bar impact test and the

carrying out of results.

Table 1.5.3-1

Required toughness properties of the weld metal

Quality grade Test temperature

[oC]

Minimum notch impact energy

[J]1)

3 -20 Y42 : ≥ 47

Y46 : ≥ 47

Y50 : ≥ 50

Y55 : ≥ 55

Y62 : ≥ 62

Y69 : ≥ 69

Y89 : ≥ 692)

Y96 : ≥ 692)

4 -40

5 -60

Note: 1) Charpy V-notch impact test specimen,, mean value of three specimens; for re-

quirements regarding minimum individual values and re-tests, see 1.5.2.3.3.2. 2) Quality grade 5 is not applicable for Y89 and Y96 grade consumables.

Table 1.5.3-2

Required strength properties of the weld metal

Symbols added to quality

grade

Minimum yield strength or

0,2% proof stress

[N/mm2]

Tensile strength

[N/mm2]

Minimum elongation

[%]

Y42 420 520 - 680 20

Y46 460 540 - 720 20

Y50 500 590 - 770 18

Y55 550 640 - 820 18

Y62 620 700 - 890 18

Y69 690 770 - 940 17

Y89 890 940 - 1100 14

Y96 960 980 - 1150 13

1.5.3.3 Testing on welded joints

1.5.3.3.1 Depending on the type of the welding consum-

ables (and according to the welding process), the testing on

the welded joints shall be performed on butt-weld test pieces

in analogous manner to sections 1.5.2.4.3, 1.5.2.5.2,

1.5.2.6.2, 1.5.2.6.3, or 1.5.2.6.4 respectively.


ables (and according to the welding process), the butt-weld

test pieces called for in 1.5.3.3.1 shall be welded in a manner

analogous to that prescribed in 1.5.2. The base metal used

shall be a high-strength fine-grained structural steel with min-

imum yield strength and tensile strength matching the con-

sumable grade being approved and compatible with the added

symbol for which application is made.


ables (and according to the welding process), the test speci-

mens described in 1.5.2. shall be taken from the butt-weld

test pieces.

1.5.3.3.4 The mechanical properties must meet the re-

quirements stated in Table 1.5.3-3. The provisions of 1.5.2

apply in analogous manner to the performance of the tests,

including in particular the maintenance of the test tempera-

tures in the notched bar impact test and the requirements re-

garding the retest specimens.

1.5.3.3.5 Where the bending angle required in Table

1.5.3-3 is not achieved, the specimen may be considered as

fulfilling the requirements, if the bending elongation on a

gauge length Lo fulfills the minimum elongation require-

ments stated in Table 1.5.3-2. The gauge length Lo = Ls + t

(Ls = width of weld, t = specimen thickness), see Figure 1.5.3

below.


PART 26

2021

Table 1.5.3-3

Required properties of welded joints

Quality grade Added symbol

Minimum tensile

strength

[N/mm2]

Minimum notch

impact energy,

test temperature

Minimum bending

angle1)

Bend ratio

D/t2)

3 to 5 in

accordance with Ta-

ble 1.5.3-1

Y42 520

Depending on the

quality grade and

yield strength in ac-

cordance with Table

1.5.3-1

120o

4

Y46 540 4

Y50 590 4

Y55 640 5

Y62 700 5

Y69 770 5

Y89 940 6

Y96 980 7

1) Bending angle attained before the first incipient crack, minor pore exposures up to a maximum length of 3 mm , allowed. 2) D = mandrel diameter, t = specimen thickness.

Figure 1.5.3

1.5.3.4 Hydrogen Test

1.5.3.4.1 The welding consumables, other than solid

wire-gas combinations, shall be subjected to a hydrogen test

in accordance with the mercury method prescribed in ISO

3690, or any other method, such as the gas chromatographic

method which correlates with that method, in respect of cool-

ing rate and delay times during preparation of the weld sam-

ples, and the hydrogen volume determinations.

1.5.3.4.2 The diffusible hydrogen content of the weld

metal determined in accordance with provisions of 1.5.2.4.5,

shall not exceed the limits given in Table 1.5.3-4.

Table 1.5.3-4

Yield strength

group

Hydrogen

symbol

Maximum hydrogen content

(cm3/100 g deposited

weld metal)

Y42

Y46

Y50

H10 10

Y55

Y62

Y69

H5 5

Y89

Y96 H5 5

1.5.7.5 Annual Repeat Test

The annual repeat tests specified in 1.5.2 shall

etail the preparation and testing of weld metal test pieces as

prescribed under 1.5.3.2. For grades Y69 to Y96 annual hy-

drogen test is required. In special cases, the Register may re-

quire more extensive repeat tests.

1.5.4 Requirements for welding consumables

for aluminium alloys

1.5.4.1 General

1.5.4.1.1 Scope

1.5.4.1.1.1 The following provisions give conditions for

approval and inspection of welding consumables to be used

for hull construction and marine structure aluminium alloys


- Metallic materials, Section 5 – Aluminium alloys. Where

no special requirements are given herein, e.g. for the approval

procedure or for the welding of test assemblies and testing,

those of 1.5.2 apply in analogous manner.

1.5.4.1.1.2 The welding consumables preferably to be used

for the welding of aluminium alloys concerned are divided

into two categories as follows:


PART 26

2021

W = wire electrode – and wire-gas combina-

tion for metal-arc inert gas welding MIG

(131, acc. to ISO 4063), TIG (141) or

plasma arc welding (15)

R = rod-gas combination for tungsten inert

gas arc welding TIG (141) or plasma arc

welding (15)

1.5.4.1.2 Grading, Designation

1.5.4.1.2.1 The consumables concerned are graded as men-

tioned in Table 1.5.4-1, in accordance with the alloy type and

strength level of the base materials used for the approval

tests.

1.5.4.1.2.2 Approval of a wire or a rod will be granted in

conjunction with a specific shielding gas acc. to Table 1.5.4-2

or defined in terms of composition and purity of “special” gas

to be designated with group sign “S”. The composition of the

shielding gas is to be reported. The approval of a wire or rod

with any particular gas can be applied or transferred to any

combination of the same wire or rod and any gas in the same

numbered group as defined in Table 1.5.4-2, subject to the

agreement of the Register.

Table 1.5.4-1

Consumable grades and base materials for the approval test

Consumable

quality grade

(Symbol)

Base material for the tests

Alloy designation

Numerical Chemical symbol

RA/WA 5754 AlMg 3

RB/WB 5086 AlMg 4

RC/WC

5083 AlMg4,5Mn0,7

5383 AlMg4,5Mn0,9

5456 AlMg5

5059 Al Mg5,5MnZnZr

RD/WD

6005A AlSiMg(A)

6061 AlMg1SiCu

6082 AlSi1MgMn

Table 1.5.4-2

Compositional limits of shielding gases and mixtures to be used

Group Gas composition (Vol. %)1)

Argon Helium

I - 1

I - 2

I - 3

I - 4

I - 5

100

-

Rest

Rest

Rest

-

100

> 0 to 33

> 33 to 66

> 66 to 95

S Special gas, composition to be specified, see 1.5.4.1.2.2

Note: 1) Gases of other chemical composition (mixed gases) may be considered as "special gases"

and covered by a separate test.

1.5.4.1.3 Manufacture, testing and approval proce-

dure

1.5.4.1.3.1 Manufacturer's plant, production methods and

quality control measures shall be such as to ensure reasonable

uniformity in manufacture, see also 1.5.2.

1.5.4.1.3.2 Testing and approval procedure shall be in ac-

cordance with 1.5.2.2 and 1.5.2.3 and as required in 1.5.2 for

the individual categories (types) of welding consumables,

shielding gases and their mixtures mentioned in 1.5.4.1.1.2

above.

1.5.4.2 Testing, required properties

1.5.4.2.1 Testing of the deposited weld metal

1.5.4.2.1.1 For the testing of the chemical composition of

the deposited weld metal, a test piece according to Figure

1.5.4-1 shall be prepared. The size depends on the type of the

welding consumable (and on the welding process) and shall

give a sufficient amount of pure weld metal for chemical

analysis. The base metal used shall be compatible with the

weld metal in respect of chemical composition.

1.5.2.2.1.2 The chemical composition of the deposited

weld metal shall be determined and certified in a manner


PART 26

2021

analogous to that prescribed in 1.5.2.6.2.3. The results of the

analysis shall not exceed the limit values specified by the

manufacturer.

Figure 1.5.4-1

Deposited weld metal test assembly

1.5.4.2.2 Testing of butt weld assemblies

1.5.4.2.2.1 The testing of the welded joints shall be per-

formed on butt-weld test assemblies according to Figure

1.5.4-2 and Figure 1.5.4-3, made from materials as given in

Table 1.5.4-1, in an analogous manner to 1.5.2.4.3,

1.5.2.6.2.5, 1.5.2.6.3.5 or 1.5.2.6.4.2 respectively.

1.5.4.2.2.2 Butt weld test assemblies according to Figure

1.5.4-2 with a thickness of 10 to 12 mm are to be prepared

for each welding position (downhand, horizontal-vertical,

vertical-upward and overhead) for which the consumable is

recommended by the manufacturer; except that consumables

satisfying the requirements for downhand and vertical-

upward positions will be considered as also complying with

the requirements for the horizontal-vertical position subject

to the agreement of the Register.

1.5.4.2.2.3 Additionally one test assembly according to

Figure 1.5.4-3 with a thickness of 20 to 25 mm is to be weld-

ed in the downhand position only.

1.5.4.2.2.4 On completion of welding, assemblies must be

allowed to cool naturally to ambient temperature. Welded test

assemblies and test specimens must not be subjected to any

heat treatment.

Grade D assemblies should be allowed to natu-

rally ageing for a minimum period of 72 hours from the com-

pletion of welding before testing is carried out.

1.5.4.2.2.5 The test specimens shown in Figure 1.5.4-2 and

Figure 1.5.4-3 and described in 1.5.2 shall be taken from the

butt weld test assemblies.

1.5.4.2.2.6 The mechanical properties must meet the re-

quirements stated in Table 1.5.4-3. The provisions of 1.5.2

apply in analogous manner to the performance of the tests,

including the requirements regarding the annual repeat tests

and retesting. The position of the fractures is to be stated in

the report. The macrographic specimen shall be examined for

imperfections such as lack of fusion, cavities, inclu-

sions,pores or cracks.

T = Flat tensile test specimen

BC = Face bend test specimen

BR = Root bend test specimen

M = Macrographic section


PART 26

2021

Notes:

1) Edge preparation is to be single V or double V with 70° angle.

2) Back sealing runs are allowed in single V weld assemblies.

3) In case of double V assembly both sides shall be welded in the same welding position

Figure 1.5.4-2

Butt weld test assembly for positional welding

Figure 1.5.4-2

Additional butt weld test assembly in downhand position

T = Flat tensile test specimen

BC = Face bend test specimen

BR = Root bend test specimen

M = Macrographic section

Notes:

1) Edge preparation is to be single V with 70° angle.

2) Back sealing runs are allowed

Table 1.5.4-3

Requirements for the transverse tensile and bend tests

Grade Base material

used for the test

Tensile

strength Rm

[N/mm2]

min.

Former

diameter

Bending angle 1)

[°]

min.

RA/WA 5754 190 3 t

180o

RB/WB 5086 240 6 t

RC/WC

5083 275 6 t

5383 or 5456 290 6 t

5059 330 6 t

RD/WD 6061, 6005A or 6082 170 6 t

Note: 1) During testing, the test specimen shall not reveal any one single flaw greater than 3 mm in any direction. Flaws ap-

prearing at the corners of a test specimen shall be ignored in the evaluation, unless there is evidence that they result

from lack of fusion.


PART 26

2021

1.5.4.4 Annual repeat tests

1.5.4.4.1 The annual repeat tests shall entail the prepara-

tion and testing of the deposited weld metal test assembly as

prescribed under 1.5.4.2.1.1 (Figure 1.5.4-1) and of the

downhand butt weld test assembly according to 1.5.4.2.2.2

(Figure 1.5.4-2).

1.6 OVERWELDABLE SHOP

PRIMERS

1.6.1 General

1.6.1.1 Overweldable shop primers applied to plates,

sections etc. shall not significantly impair the quality of

welded joints.

Overweldable shop primers for which the Reg-

ister has issued Certificate on approval on the basis of a po-

rosity test may be used. Even if the Certificate on approval

has been issued, overweldable shop primers intended for

welding may be approved for automatic double fillet welding

only after a special welding procedure test in the users work.

1.6.2 Testing and approval of shop primers

1.6.2.1 Application for approval of the shop primer

shall be submitted by the manufacturer to the Register to-

gether with the following information:

− Manufacturer (and licensor, where applica-

ble),

− Brand name (and licensors brand name,

where applicable) together with the original

brand name in the case of commercial des-

ignations used for marketing.

− Code number/symbol identifying the for-

mulation,

− Characteristic pigment base

− Characteristic binding agent base

− Instructions for use (preparation of surface,

methods of application, dry coat thickness

etc.,

− Documentation relating to previous tests,

approvals etc.,

− Place and date of proposed tests.

1.6.2.2 The porosity test shall be performed by neutral,

properly equipped testing authorities recognized by the Reg-

ister for that purpose. Testing should be performed in accord-

ance HRN EN ISO 17652-2.

1.6.2.3 The identity of the sample submitted for testing

shall be established and recorded in the test report.

1.6.2.4 The Certificate on approval issued by the Reg-

ister, imposes on the manufacturer the responsibility for en-

suring that the composition and characteristics of the shop

primer remain constant. Any modifications shall be reported

automatically to the Register and shall necessitate new tests

in compliance with 1.6.2.2.

1.6.2.5 Approval is valid for 3 years. On application by

the manufacturer it may be extended by a further 3 years at

time. In the application, the manufacturer shall confirm in

writing that no changes have been made to the product since

the initial approval was granted.


PART 26

2021

2 FABRICATION AND

INSPECTION OF WELDED

JOINTS

2.1 FABRICATION OF WELDED

JOINTS

2.1.1 General

2.1.1.1 This Section contains the general guidances ap-

plicable to the performance of welding work extending from

the weld preparation to the completion of the welded joint.

2.1.1.2 All workshops wishing to perform welding

works shall comply with the requirements of this Rules speci-

fied in 1.2, 1.3, 1.4 and, where necessary 2.3. Each workshop

shall maintain up-to-date records on the compliance with the

relevant requirements and shall submit them to the Surveyor

to the Register, at his request.

2.1.1.3 Welding may be performed on materials whose

identity and weldability, under the given production condi-

tions, can be uniformly established (by reference to markings,

certificates etc.).

2.1.1.4 Welding consumables tested in compliance

with 1.5 of these Rules, approved by the Register and of a

quality grade appropriate to the base material, may be used

for welding. Welding consumables for the special welding

procedures, approved on the basis of the welding procedure

test, may be used only for the range of application specified

in the relevant approval certificate.

2.1.1.5 Overweldable shop primers applied to plates,

sections, etc. which are not removed prior to welding shall be

tested and approved by the Register in compliance with 1.6

of these Rules.

2.1.1.6 Welded joints shall be performed in accordance

with approved drawings, welding practice or company stand-

ards approved by the Register. Exceptions to these Rules are

subject to the Registers agreement in each particular case.

2.1.2 Weld preparation

2.1.2.1 Weld preparation may be carried out by thermal

cutting or machining. Groove edges shall be free from impu-

rities and defects which may impair the quality of the welded

joint.

2.1.2.2 When preparing and assembling components,

care shall be taken to ensure compliance with the weld shapes

and root openings specified in the approved documentation.

For single- and double-bevel butt welds, provision shall be

made for adequate root openings to enable sufficient root

penetration.

The root opening shall not exceed twice the

specified gap. The size of the gap may be reduced locally by

the build-up welding of the side walls in agreement with the

Surveyor to the Register.

2.1.2.3 Components which are butt welded shall be

aligned as accurately as possible. Therefore sections welded

to plating shall be left unwelded at the ends for this purpose.

2.1.2.4 Tack welds shall be performed as much as pos-

sible, by trained personnel. The places where their quality

does not meet the requirements applicable to the welded

joint, shall be carefully removed before permanent welding.

Clamping plates, temporary ties and aligning pins shall be

made from the same or similar material as base material and

shall not be used more than necessary. Any damage caused

during their removal shall be competently repaired.

2.1.3 Weather protection, preheating

2.1.3.1 The areas which shall be welded shall be ade-

quately protected against climatic influences such as wind,

damp and cold and shall be preheated where necessary. The

need for preheating and the preheating temperature shall be

determined by various factors such as chemical composition,

plate thickness, heat dissipation and ambient temperature.

Details regarding this requirement are given in 2.2. Preheat-

ing shall be applied uniformly throughout the thickness of the

plate over width of four times the plate thickness, but not less

than 100 mm.

2.1.4 Welding positions and welding sequence

2.1.4.1 Welding shall be performed, as a rule, in the

optimum welding position.

The welding sequence shall ensure minimum

relieving stresses and deformations in welded structures. In

particular cases, the Register may require the welding sched-

ule to be submitted.

2.1.5 Performance of welding work

2.1.5.1 The welding shop shall ensure that the specified

welding parameters are adhered to and that the welding work

is expertly performed. Components which have not been ful-

ly welded and which shall be handled or turned shall have

welded joints of adequate strength. Cracked tack welds shall

not be welded over, but they shall be machined out prior to

welding. Welds shall have sufficient penetration and shall

display a clean, regular surface with smooth transition to the

base material. Excessive weld metal, undercuts or notches

which may affect the weld quality shall be avoided.

2.1.6 Straightening and tolerances

2.1.6.1 Straightening operations (thermal or mechani-

cal) shall not impair the quality of the materials and welded

joints. Register may require verification of the suitability of

the straightening method (e.g. by means of a welding proce-

dure test). Tolerances for welded structures are stated in the

manufacturing documentation and shall be in accordance

with one of the recognized standards (e.g. HRN EN ISO

13920).


PART 26

2021

2.1.7 Post-weld treatment

2.1.7.1 When the post-weld treatment is intended to be

carried out to improve the surface finishing in case of dynam-

ic loading, such treatment shall not impair the characteristics

of the welded joints.

For post-weld heat treatment, see 2.2 and for

the surface treatment for non-destructive testing see 2.3.

2.2 HEAT TREATMENT

2.2.1 General

2.2.1.1 This Section apply to the preheating prior to

and during the welding as well as to heat treatment of welded

joints.

2.2.2 Equipment and appliances for heat

treatment

2.2.2.1 When heat treatment is carried out in furnaces,

the furnaces shall be equipped with calibrated devices for

temperature control, monitoring and temperature recorders.

The furnace dimensions and heating system shall enable the

component to be evenly heated to the required temperature.

The furnace shall be properly serviced and examined at regu-

lar intervals.

2.2.2.2 If no furnaces of sufficient size are available,

heat treatment may be carried out in specially designed

equipment. Such equipment shall comply with the require-

ments of 2.2.2.1. regarding control, monitoring and tempera-

ture recording.

2.2.2.3 If no heat treatment units of sufficient size are

available, heat treatment may be carried out in sections in

agreement with the Register. Requirements regarding control,

monitoring and temperature recording, specified in 2.2.2.1,

shall be complied with also in this case and for this equip-

ment.

2.2.2.4 Preheating may be carried out in furnaces or by

means of heating appliances such as gas burners or resistance

mats. Their use imposes the method of pre-heating tempera-

ture monitoring as well as interpass temperature throughout

the welding operation. Temperature may be monitored by

means of suitable appliances such as contact thermometers,

temperature sensitive crayons or similar.

2.2.3 Weather protection, preheating

2.2.3.1 The area in which welding work is performed

shall be sheltered from wind, damp and cold. Where gas-

shielded arc welding is carried out, special attention shall be

paid to adequate draught protection.

At ambient temperature below +5oC, additional

measures shall be taken, such as shielding of components,

preliminary heating and preheating, especially when welding

with a rather low heat input (laying down of thin fillet welds

or welding of thick-walled components).

Wherever possible, no welding shall be per-

formed at ambient temperatures below -10oC.

2.2.3.2 The need for preheating and the preheating

temperature depend on a number of factors. The most consid-

erable are:

− chemical composition of the base material,

− the workpiece thickness and the type of

weld joint,

− the welding process and welding parame-

ters,

− temperature dependence on mechanical

properties of the weld metal and the heat-

affected zone,

− diffusible hydrogen content of the weld

metal.

The operating temperature to be maintained

(minimum preheating temperature and maximum interpass

temperature) for (hull) structural steels may be determined in

accordance with HRN EN 1011-2. Guide values for the pre-

heating temperature are contained in Figures 2.2.3-a and

2.2.3-b shown below for two different energy inputs per unit

length of weld1) and hydrogen contents H2) of the weld metal

together with the various carbon equivalents CET3).

1) Energy input per unit length of weld:

E =

U [volts] ⋅ I [amps] ⋅ welding time [min] ⋅ 6

mm

kJ

length of weld [mm] ⋅ 100

2) Hydrogen content:

H 5 = max. 5 ml diffusible hydrogen per 100 g of weld

metal

H 15 = max 15 ml difusible hydrogen per 100 g of weld

metal

3) Carbon equivalent:

402010

NiCuCrMoMnCCET +

++

++=

When the temperature of a component being

welded is lower than the preheating temperature (calculated

on the basis of above data) preheating is necessary.

Various methods of preheating may be applied:

− continuous heating prior to and during the

welding,

− alternate heating and welding,

− heating only prior to start of welding. When

the heat input during welding is sufficient

to maintain the minimum preheating and in-

terpass temperatures.

The heating method may be chosen at ones dis-

cretion, provided that it does not affect material by local

overheating or cause nuisance by making the welding area

dirty.

Irrespective of the data referred to in Figures

2.2.3-a and 2.2.3-b, at the area where auxiliary erection welds

are carried out (e.g. handling lugs) shall be preheated as well

as all unalloyed steels with thickness of 20 mm and over and

all alloyed steels.

For austenite steels, drying of the areas to be

welded by heating shall be sufficient.

Preheating shall be applied uniformly through-

out the thickness of material over the width of 4 x the materi-


PART 26

2021

al thickness, but not less than 100 mm on both sides of the

weld. Local overheating shall not be permitted.

The preheating temperatures specified in Fig-

ures 2.2.3-a and 2.2.3-b may be applied to tack welds.

CET = 0,25 / H5

CET = 0,30 / H5

CET = 0,35 / H5

CET = 0,40 / H5

CET = 0,25 / H15

CET = 0,30 / H15

CET = 0,35 / H15

CET = 0,40 / H15

Wall thickness (mm)

Figure 2.2.3-a

Minimum preheating temperatures (operating temperatures) applicable to welding processes with a relatively low heat input

(energy input per unit length1) E ≈ 0,5 kJ/mm) as a function of the carbon equivalent CET on the base material and hydrogen content

of the weld metal

CET = 0,25 / H5

CET = 0,30 / H5

CET = 0,35 / H5

CET = 0,40 / H5

CET = 0,25 / H15

CET = 0,30 / H15

CET = 0,35 / H15

CET = 0,40 / H15

Wall thickness (mm)

Figure 2.2.3-b

Minimum preheating temperatures (operating temperatures) applicable to welding processes with a relatively high input

(energy input per unit length1) E ≈ 3,5 kJ/mm) as a function of the carbon equivalent Ceq on the base material and the hydrogen con-

tent of the weld metal

Min

imu

m t

emp

erat

ure

pre

hea

ting (

oC

) M

inim

um

tem

per

atu

re p

reh

eati

ng (

oC

)


PART 26

2021

Table 2.2.3 gives guide values of the carbon

equivalent CET for some of the grades of hull structural

steels (based on the information of steel manufacturer).

Table 2.2.3

Hull steel grades Ceq [% in weight]

Average value1) Maximum value1)

A

E

D36

E36TM

D40

E40TM

0,27

0,26

0,33

0,27

0,27

0,24

0,28

0,27

0,34

0,28

0,28

0,25

1) For product thickness up to 50 mm.

2.2.4 Post weld heat treatment

2.2.4.1 Post weld heat treatment shall be carried out on

welded joints in accordance with 3.1 to 3.4.

Guide values for stress relief heat treatment are

given in Table 2.2.4.1.

The stress relief heat treatment shall be carried

out by means of slow, even heating of the components to the

prescribed temperature ranges, holding in these ranges for

two minutes per mm of wall thickness (but not less than 30

minutes), slow cooling down to 400o and after that complete

cooling in still air. For thick-walled components, the holding

time need not be longer than 150 minutes.

Table 2.2.4.1

Heat treatment temperatures for stress-relief heat treatment,

of welded joints using similar filler metals

Category in accordance

with

HR CEN ISO/TR 15608

Steel grades

Examples of appropriate steels in

accordance with the Register's

Rules or the Standards1)

Heat treatment

temperature

[oC]

1.1

Normal-strength hull structural steels and

comparable structural steels, grade of steel

forgings and castings Grades A - E 550-600

1.2

Higher-strength hull structural steels and

comparable structural steels, grades of steel

forgings and castings

Grades A36- E36 530-580

1.2 High-temperature, low Mo alloy steels 16 Mo 3 550-620

2

Normalised or thermo-mechanically pro-

cessed fine-grained steels with yield strengths

> 360 N/mm2

Grades A39- E39

S 460 tm 550-600

3

Quenched and tempered fine-grained

structural steels with yield strengths

> 360 N/mm2 S 690 QL 530-580

5

5.1

5.2

Steels with a max. Cr content of 10%, max.

Mo content of 1,2%

13 Cr Mo 4-5

10 Cr Mo 9-10, 11 Cr Mo 9-10

630-680

670-720

7

7.1

7.2

7.3

7.3

7.3

Nickel steels with a max. Ni content of 10%

13 Mn Ni 6-3 (0,5% Ni)

12 Ni 14 (3,5% Ni)

12 Ni 19 (5% Ni)

X 8 Ni 9 (9% Ni)

X 7 Ni 9 (9% Ni)

530-560

530-560

550-560 2) 2)

Note:

1) Steel grades not listed here are to be classed with comparable grades.

2) Heat treatment should be avoided.


PART 26

2021

2.3 NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTING OF

WELDS

2.3.1 General

This Section apply to the performance of non-

destructive tests of welded joints according to the methods

and scopes prescribed in the individual sections of Section 3

for various fields of application. The present part shall also

apply to the non-destructive tests of welded joints specified

in other Parts of the Rules for which no specific details are

given therein. The standards specified in the following para-

graphs of this Section are integral part of this Rules and shall

be complied with when performing the non-destructive weld

tests. When the standards differ from the Rules, the latter

shall take precedence.

Requirements for NDT Suppliers, e.g. firms

providing NDT services on ships and offshore struc-

ture/components subject to classification are given in 2.4.

The requirements are obligatory for the inde-

pendent NDT companies or NDT department/section that

forms a part of a company providing NDT services on new-

buildings, but provisions may be applied to firms providing

NDT sevices on other structures.

Additionally to the requirements of 2.3.2 to

2.3.14, non-destructive testing of of ship hull steel welds dur-

ing new building and ship repair shall be performed in ac-

cordance with the requirements specified in 2.5.

Requirements on the methods and quality levels

for advanced non-destructive testing of materials and welds

during new building of ships are given in 2.6.

2.3.2 Test methods, appliances and test

equipment

The choice of the test method to be applied in

each particular case shall be determined, among other things,

by the weld shape, the material and the defects to be expected

(type and position). The following basic requirements shall

be mostly complied with:

a) For wall and weld thickness up to 30 mm,

radiographic inspection shall be prefera-

ble method; for larger thickness, ultrason-

ic inspection shall be used as the basic

test method.

b) For wall or weld thickness of 8 mm and

above, either radiographic or ultrasonic

examinations shall be applied in agree-

ment with the Register.

c) For radiographic examination, X-ray

sources shall be used wherever possible.

Gamma-ray sources may be used only in

agreement with the Register on the basis

of examination and approval of the test

method.

d) For magnetic materials, testing for sur-

face cracks shall be carried out by the

magnetic particle method; the use of pen-

etrants for magnetic materials shall be in


The test method shall be such as to enable de-

tecting of possible external or internal defects. Where neces-

sary, two or more test methods may be used in combination.

The particular test method to be used shall be stated in the in-

spection schedule. The test appliances as well as media used

shall comply with the requirements of the relevant standards

and shall be properly used and serviced.

2.3.3 Inspection personnel, supervisors

The non-destructive weld testing may be

performed only by persons trained in the use of the relevant

test method and appliances as well as having the practical

experience. The Register is to be supplied with the

appropriate documentary proof of such training and

experience of the personnel for the particular non-destructive

weld test methods.

2.3.4 Inspection schedule, inspection reports

Inspection schedule for the non-destructive

weld test shall cover the following information:

− components of welded joints to be tested;

− scope and method of testing;

− areas to be inspected (location of sections,

product);

− criteria to be complied with;

− test method and/or standard, if the different

standards from those specified in these

Rules, shall be applied.

The inspection schedule shall be submitted to

the Register for approval.

The reports on testing shall be prepared on the

basis of all testing results and shall be submitted to the sur-

veyor to the Register with other relevant documentation.

2.3.5 Timing of testing

Non-destructive tests of welds shall, as a gen-

eral rule, be carried out after all welding operations are com-

pleted on the components concerned. Prior to these tests,

welded joints shall be visually inspected and all surface de-

fects which may cause misinterpretation of test results or

conclusion shall be removed. Components subjected to the

post-weld heat treatment shall be, as a general rule, inspected

after heat treatment. In case of higher strength, specially

high-strength structural steels and similar where the delayed

cracking are likely to occur (due to the presence of hydrogen

in the weld metal) the tests shall not be carried out earlier

than 48 hours after completion of the welding work. The

Register may require longer waiting time (e.g. 72 hours up to

a maximum of 7 days) or repeated tests (on a random sam-

pling basis) after appropriate waiting time.

Requirements for of ship hull steel welds dur-

ing new building are given in 2.5.2.4.

2.3.6 Preparation and performance of tests

The areas to be tested shall be sufficiently clean

and smooth for the respective test method. Irregularities in

the welded joint remains of auxiliary welds, welding spatter,

slag remains etc. and any protective coatings shall be re-

moved before the tests, if they are liable to prevent them from


PART 26

2021

being performed properly. In special cases (e.g. ultrasonic

testing for transverse defects), machining of the weld and the

associated edge surface may be required. Non-destructive

tests are specified in 2.3.11. to 2.3.14.

2.3.7 Evaluation of test results

In the case of radiographic testing and individ-

ual methods of surface testing, the symbols specified in HRN

EN ISO 6520-1 shall be used to identify test defects.

For evaluation of particular sections of steel

welded structures, the evaluation categories in compliance

with HRN EN ISO 5817, shall be used, and for evaluation of

particular sections of aluminium alloys welded structures the

evaluation categories in compliance with HRN EN ISO

10042 shall be used.

The test results shall be evaluated by the quality

control department, while the ultimate evaluation shall be

made by a surveyor to the Register.

In the case of radiographic examination, the

results shall be rated in accordance with Table 2.3.7-b and for

ultrasonic examination the results shall be rated in two

categories: "acceptable" and "not acceptable" (repaired or

rejected).

Acceptability of welded joints (radiographically

tested) may be evaluated by applying the evaluation category

with three or five grades.

Evaluation of quality, according to the evalua-

tion category with five grades, shall be performed under the

Table 2.3.7-b or under the standard recognized by the Regis-

ter.

Evaluation of quality, according to the evalua-

tion category with three grades, shall be performed in accord-

ance with HRN EN ISO 5817 or HRN EN ISO 10042 respec-

tively of base material.

The quality of welded joints shall comply with

the requirements set forth in Table 2.3.7.-a.

Table 2.3.7-a

Quality of Welded Joints

Structure Category

Minimum permissible grade

According to

Table 2.3.7-b

According to HRN

EN ISO 5817 or

HRN EN ISO

10042

Hull As specified in 2.5

Heat

exchangers

and pressure

vessels

I

II

III

2

3

3

B

C

C

Pipings I

II

III

2

3

3

B

C

C

Machinery

and gears

On agreement with the Register

*) Depending on the loads applied to welded joints, the

Register may increase or decrease the required grade,

stated in the Table.

Table 2.3.7-b

Evaluation ratings

Findings Rating Remark

Weld free from detectable defects 1 = excellent -

Minor defects such as isolated pores and

small slag inclusions which do not reduce

the strength of the welded joints

2 = serviceable -

Acceptable defects such as small rows or

clusters of pores, small slag lines, short

root defects and minor lack of fusion

3 = leave as is Repair not recommended for components

subject to normal stresses. Short root

defects and minor lack of fusion may be

left only at non-critical points.

Defects to be avoided, e.g. coarse slag in-

clusions, pore accumulations, root defects,

lack of fusion, small isolated cracks

4 = to be repaired Repair required

Extensive major defects and cracks 5 = to be replaced Replacement of the sections of weld or of

the entire welded joints required


PART 26

2021

2.3.8 Extension of the scope of inspection

If the percentage of defects exceeds that of the

prescribed, the Register may extend the scope of inspection.

2.3.9 Repairs, re-inspection

Welded joints shall be repaired in agreement

with the Register. Repaired welds shall be re-inspected and

shall be specially indicated in the inspection report and on the

radiographs ( R= repair).

2.3.10 Visual examination

Visual examination shall cover ( using the opti-

cal appliances, where necessary ) as follows:

− completeness; (if welded all required)

− dimensional accuracy;

− compliance with the specified weld shape;

− presence of inadmissible external defects.

The dimensional accuracy shall be checked by

means of suitable measuring instruments, on a random sam-

pling basis.

When checking the shape and external defects,

special attention shall be paid to:

− weld reinforcement or depression;

− weld edge angle;

− misalignment of edges,

− undercuts;

− visible porosity and slag inclusions;

− fused weld spatter;

− arc strikes on the base material;

− concave root surface and incomplete root

fusion;

− cracks;

− unequal side lengths (with fillet welds).

Tolerances are referred to in 2.3.7.

Repair of visible cracks is mandatory.

2.3.11 Radiographic examination

X-ray sources shall be used for the radiographic

inspection. In particular cases, in agreement with the

Register, gamma-ray sources may be used. Radiographic

parameters prescribed in the HRN EN ISO 17636-1 for the

test category A shall be preferably used in shipbuilding and

for test category B, in steam boiler, pressure vessel and

pipeline manufacture. In applying several films to inspect the

welds (e.g. for circumferential radiographs) they shall

overlap at the ends. When pipes are inspected having an

outside diameter ≤ 90 mm, elliptical radiograph may be

made.

Each radiograph shall include one image

quality indicator in accordance with HRN EN ISO 19232-1

(wire indicator). Each radiograph shall also include the

appropriate symbols (marks) to uniformly indicate its relation

to the structure as well as to the test report. The inspection

report shall cover the following information together with

explanatory sketches (where necessary):

− work number, component, inspection

schedule number, inspection position;

− material, welding process;

− workpiece or weld thickness;

− date and time of test;

− radiation source;

− tube voltage during inspection;

− radiographic parameters (to HRN EN ISO

17636-1), position of wire indicator;

− type of film;

− test category, image quality index;

− symbol denoting defect, to Table 2.3.7-a.

The initial evaluation shall be usually carried

out by the quality control department and the ultimate evalua-

tion on the basis of the radiographs and relevant reports shall

be carried out by the Surveyor to the Register.

2.3.12 Ultrasonic examination

The test appliances, probes and other accesso-

ries shall be in accordance with relevant standards (e.g. HRN

EN ISO 7963 or HRN EN ISO 17640). Calibration of the in-

struments prior to inspection shall be performed on the cali-

bration blocks to HRN EN ISO 7963.

Depending on the required echo sensitivity

(height) setting of sensitivity shall be done to HRN EN ISO

16811.

The weld test surface shall be smooth and free

from impurities, rust and spatter on both sides. Paint and pro-

tection coatings which are not likely to affect the test results

need not be removed prior to testing. The testing process

shall depend on the weld geometry and the possible orienta-

tion of defects.

Continuous echo indication which point at the

systematic weld defects (e.g. root defects due to incomplete

penetration or rows of pores), requires the repair even if the

repair limit values are not attained. Echo indications which

point at the presence of cracks necessitate repairs anyway. If

the evaluation of echo indications gives rise to doubt regard-

ing the need for repairs, the evaluation may be complemented

with radiographic inspection as to obtain accurate assess-

ment.

Inspection report (prescribed in HRN EN ISO

17640) shall be prepared for all testing and shall contain es-

sential information. Where echo indications below repair lim-

it values are also stated in the report, each defect thus identi-

fied shall be marked (e.g. leave as it is or to be repaired: a -

acceptable, or b - not acceptable).

2.3.13 Magnetic particle testing

The test appliances and media shall comply

with the requirements of the relevant standards (e.g. HRN EN

ISO 17638; HRN EN ISO 23278). The magnetising equip-

ment shall be provided with measuring devices which indi-

cate the magnetising current strength. Magnetic particles

(black or fluorescent) in a suitable suspension under influ-

ence of magnetic current, shall accumulate at the limits of de-

fects. The choice of the magnetisation method depend on the

geometry of the component and shall be agreed with the Reg-

ister. The testing surface shall be free from loose scale, rust,

weld spatter and other impurities. Notches, indentations,

scratches and edges which may cause false indications shall

be removed prior to inspection. Thin, dry layers (e.g. coat

thickness up to 20 µ mm) shall not be removed if they do not


PART 26

2021

impede the inspection. Every spot of accumulation of mag-

netic particles which is not due to false indication shall be

stated in testing-report and shall be repaired. In the case of

small cracks, this may be done by grinding. Larger cracks

shall be machined out and repair-welded.

Inspection report shall cover the following de-

tails:

− details on the component, or a weld tested;

− data on magnetisation ;

− magnetizing equipment data;

− test media;

− test results;

− place and time of testing, testing body and

person performing the test.

2.3.14 Penetrant testing

The test appliances and media shall comply

with the requirements of the relevant standards (e.g. HRN EN

ISO 17635; HRN EN ISO 23277). Coloured or fluorescent

penetrants may be used as penetrant media. Penetrant remov-

ers and developers shall be compatible with the penetrant

used. The testing surface shall be completely free from scale,

rust, greases, oils and paints before the penetrant is applied as

to enable penetration into any surface defect. Also care shall

be taken to ensure that defects are not mechanically sealed by

preliminary cleaning. The testing surface shall be dry and the

temperature of the workpiece shall be between 5o and 50oC.

The penetration time shall be chosen in accordance with the

manufacturers instructions but shall not be less than 15

minutes for workpiece temperatures of 15oC and over, or less

than 30 minutes where the temperature is below 15oC. After

this procedure the surplus penetrant shall be completely

wiped off. The developer shall be applied evenly and thinly

as possible on the dried surface. The developing time shall be

the same as that of penetration.

Visual inspection shall be carried out upon the

expiry of application time of the developer. The test results

shall be assessed analogously as those in 2.3.13.

Test report shall cover the following:

− details on the component or a weld joint;

− test media (type, brand name);

− description of the test procedure;

− test results;

− place and time of testing, testing body and

person performing the test.

2.4 REQUIREMENTS FOR NDT

SUPPLIERS

2.4.1 General

2.4.1.1 Scope

Firms providing NDT (Non-Destructive Tes-

ting) services on ship and offshore structures/components su-

bject to classification, need to fulfil the requirements set be-

low. In this section, such firms will be referred to as the

Supplier.

2.4.1.2 Objective

The objective of this requirements is to ensure

that the Supplier is using appropriate procedures, has qualifi-

ed and certified personnel and has implemented written pro-

cedures for training, experience, education, examination, cer-

tification, performance, application, control, verification and

reporting of NDT. In addition, the Supplier shall furnish ap-

propriate equipment and facilities commensurate with provi-

ding a professional service.

2.4.1.3 Terms and definitions

The following terms and definitions apply for

this document:

NDT Non-destructive testing. Comprising,

but not limited to the methods and

techniques MT, PT, RT, RT-D, VT,

UT, PAUT, TOFD, ET and/or

ACFM.

Supplier Independent NDT company or NDT

department/section that forms a part

of a company providing NDT servi-

ces on ship and/or offshore compo-

nents/structures.

MT Magnetic Particle Testing

PT Penetrant Testing

RT Radiographic Testing

RT-D Digital Radiography (Several

techniques within the method RT, e.g.

Computed Radiography or Direct Ra-

diography)

UT Ultrasonic Testing

PAUT Phased Array Ultrasonic Testing

(Technique within the method UT)

TOFD Time of Flight Diffraction

(Technique within the method UT)

ET Electromagnetic Testing (i.e. Eddy

Current Testing and/or Alternating

Current Field Measurements

[ACFM])

VT Visual Testing

Industrial

sector

Section of industry or technology

where specialised NDT practices are

used, requiring specific product-

related knowledge, skill, equipment

and/or training.

2.4.1.4 References

The following referenced documents are to be

used for the application of this document as appropriate. For

undated references, the latest edition of the referenced docu-

ment (including any amendments) applies:

− ISO 9712:2012; Non-destructive testing -

Qualification and certification of NDT per-

sonnel

− ISO/IEC 17020:2012; Conformity assess-

ment – Requirements for the operation of


PART 26

2021

various types of bodies performing inspec-

tion

− ISO/IEC 17024:2012; Conformity assess-

ment – General requirements for bodies op-

erating certification of persons

− ISO 9001:2015; Quality Management

Systems – Requirements

Other national adoptions of the standards listed

above are accepted as compliant and hence are accepted for

use together with this document.

2.4.2 Requirements for Supplier

The Supplier shall document, as required in

2.4.2.2 to 2.4.2.9, that it has the competence and control

needed to perform the specified services.

2.4.2.1 Requirements for documents

The following documents shall be available for

the Register upon request:

− an outline of Supplier's organisation and

management structure, including any sub-

sidiaries,

− information on the structure of the Suppli-

er’s Quality Management System,

− quality manual and documented procedures

covering the requirements given in item

2.4.2.2,

− for companies with in-house certification of

persons scheme; a written practice devel-

oped in accordance with a recognised

standard or recommended practice (i.e.

ASNT’s SNT-TC-1A, 2016, ANSI/ASNT

CP-189, 2016 or similar),

− operational work procedures for each NDT

method including selection of the NDT

technique,

− training- and follow-up programmes for

NDT operators including practical training

on various ship and offshore products,

− procedure for supervisor’s authorisation of

NDT operators,

− experience of the Supplier in the specific

service area,

− a list of documented training and experi-

ence for NDT operators within the relevant

service area, including qualifications and

third party certification per ISO 9712:2012

based certification schemes,

− description of equipment(s) used for the

services performed by the Supplier;

− a guide for NDT operators to use equip-

ment mentioned above;

− record formats for recording results of the

services referred to in item 2.4.2.9;

− information on other activities which may

present a Conflict of interest;

− record of customer claims and corrective

actions;

− any legal proceedings against the company

in the past/currently in the courts of law.

2.4.2.2 Quality management system

The Supplier shall have a documented quality

management system, covering at least:

− work procedures for all tasks and opera-

tions, including the various NDT methods

and NDT techniques for which the Supplier

is involved,

− preparation, issuance, maintenance and

control of documents,

− maintenance and calibration of the equip-

ment,

− training programs for the NDT operators

and the supervisors,

− maintenance of records for NDT operators’

and the supervisors’ training, qualification

and certification,

− certification of NDT operators including re-

validation and recertification,

− procedure for test of operators’ visual acui-

ty,

− supervision and verification of operation to

ensure compliance with the NDT proce-

dures,

− quality management of subsidiaries,

− job preparation,

− order reference system where each en-

gagement is traceable to when, who and

where the test was carried out,

− recording and reporting of information, in-

cluding retention time of records,

− code of conduct for the Supplier's activities;

especially the NDT activities,

− periodic review of work process proce-

dures,

− corrective and preventive action,

− feedback and continuous improvement,

− internal audits,

− the provision of accessibility to required

codes, standards and procedures to assist

NDT operators.

A documented quality system complying with

the most current version of ISO/IEC 17020:2012 and includ-

ing the above would be considered acceptable. The Supplier

should satisfy the requirements of Type A or Type B inspec-

tion body, as described in ISO/IEC 17020:2012.

2.4.2.3 Qualification and certification of NDT per-

sonnel

The Supplier is responsible for the qualification

and preferably 3rd party certification of its supervisors and

operators to a recognised certification scheme based on ISO

9712:2012.

Personnel qualification to an employer based

qualification scheme as e.g. SNT-TC-1A, 2016 or AN-

SI/ASNT CP-189, 2016 may be accepted if the Supplier's

written practice is reviewed and found acceptable by the Reg-

ister. The Supplier’s written practice shall as a minimum, ex-

cept for the impartiality requirements of a certification body

and/or authorised body, comply with ISO 9712:2012.


PART 26

2021

The supervisors' and operators' certificates and

competence shall comprise all industrial sectors and

techniques being applied by the Supplier.

Level 3 personnel shall be certified by an ac-

credited certification body.

2.4.2.4 Supervisor

The Supplier shall have a supervisor or supervi-

sors, responsible for the appropriate execution of NDT opera-

tions and for the profesional standard of the operators and

their equipment, including the professional administration of

the working procedures. The supplier shall employ, on a full-

time basis, at least one supervisor independently certified to

Level 3 in the method(s) concerned as per the requirements

of item 2.3. It is not permissible to appoint Level 3 personnel;

they must be certified by an accredited certification body. It

is recognised that a Supplier may not directly employ a Level

3 in all the stated methods practiced. In such cases, it is per-

missible to employ an external, independently certified, Lev-

el 3 in those methods not held by the full-time Level 3(s) of

the Supplier.

The supervisor shall be directly involved in re-

view and acceptance of NDT Procedures, NDT reports, cali-

bration of NDT equipment and tools. The supervisor shall on

behalf of the Supplier re-evaluate the qualification of the op-

erators annually.

2.4.2.5 Operators

The operator carrying out the NDT and inter-

preting indications, shall as a minimum, be qualified and cer-

tified to Level 2 in the NDT method(s) concerned and as des-

cribed in item 2.4.2.3.

However, operators only undertaking the gathe-

ring of data using any NDT method and not performing data

interpretation or data analysis may be qualified and certified

as appropriate, at level 1.

The operator shall have adequate knowledge of

materials, weld, structures or components, NDT equipment

and limitations that are sufficient to apply the relevant NDT

method for each application appropriately.

2.4.2.6 Equipment

The Supplier shall maintain records of the NDT

equipment used and detail information related to mainte-

nance, calibration and verification activities. If the Supplier

hires equipment, such equipment shall have updated calibra-

tion records, and the operators shall be familiar with the spe-

cific equipment type prior to using it. Under any circumstan-

ce, the Supplier shall possess sufficient equipment to carry

out the services being a part of the NDT scope required by

the Register.

Where the equipment is of unique nature, the

NDT operators shall be trained by competent personnel in the

operation and use of the equipment before carrying out NDT

using this equipment.

2.4.2.7 Work instructions and procedures

The Supplier shall produce written procedures

for the NDT being applied. These procedures are to be writ-

ten, verified or approved by the Supplier’s Level 3. Proce-

dures shall define all relevant information relating to the in-

spection including defect evaluation against acceptance crite-

ria in accordance with the Rules. All NDT procedures and in-

structions shall be properly documented in such a way that

the performed testing can be easily retraced and/or repeated

at a later stage. All NDT procedures are to be acceptable to

the Register.

2.4.2.8 Sub-contractors

The Supplier shall give information of agree-

ments and arrangements if any part(s) of the services provid-

ed are subcontracted. The Supplier, in the following-up of

subcontracts shall give emphasis to the quality management

system of the subcontractor.

Subcontractors shall meet the same requirements placed on

Suppliers for any NDT performed.

2.4.2.9 Reporting

All NDT shall be properly documented in such

a way that the performed testing and examination can be easi-

ly retraced and/or repeated at a later stage. The reports shall

identify the defects present in the tested area, and a conclu-

sive statement as to whether the material, weld, component or

structure satisfies the acceptance criteria or not.

The report shall include a reference to the ap-

plicable standard, NDT procedure and acceptance criteria ap-

plied in the applicable NDT method/technique. In general,

the acceptance criteria shall comply with the Rules.

2.5 NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTING OF

SHIP HULL STEEL WELDS

2.5.1 General

2.5.1.1 This document gives minimum requirements on

the methods and quality levels that are to be adopted for the

non-destructive testing (NDT) of ship hull structure steel

welds during new building (“hull structure” as defined in

QW103 – Hull survey of newconstruction and being available

upon request).

2.5.1.2 The quality levels given in this document refer

to production quality and not to fitness for- purpose of the

welds examined.

2.5.1.3 The NDT is normally to be performed by the

Shipbuilder or its subcontractors in accordance with these re-

quirements. The Register may require witnessing of the test-

ing.

2.5.1.4 It is the Shipbuilder’s responsibility to assure

that testing specifications and procedures are adhered to dur-

ing the construction and the reports are made available to the

Register on the findings made by the NDT.

2.5.1.5 The extent of testing and the number of check-

points are to be agreed between the Shipbuilder and the Reg-

ister. For criticality of structure reference is to be made to

Rules for the classification of ships, Part 2 – Hull, 1.4, tables

of structural member categories IACS CSR for Bulk Carriers

and Oil Tankers.

2.5.1.6 These requirements cover conventional NDT

methods. Advanced non-destructive testing (ANDT) methods


PART 26

2021

such as phased array ultrasonic testing (PAUT), time of flight

diffraction (TOFD), digital radiography (RT-D), radioscopic

testing (RT-S), and computed radiography (RT-CR) are cov-

ered by section 2.6.



this document.

NDT Non-Destructive Testing - the development and

application of technical methods to examine

materials or components in ways that do not

impair their future usefulness and serviceabil-

ity, in order to measure geometrical characteris-

tics and to detect, locate, measure and evaluate

flaws. NDT is also known as non-destructive

examination (NDE), non-destructive inspection

(NDI) and non-destructive evaluation (NDE).

RT Radiographic Testing

UT Ultrasonic Testing

MT Magnetic Particle Testing

PT Dye or Liquid Penetrant Testing

PWHT Post Weld Heat Treatment

VT Visual Testing

2.5.2 Application

2.5.2.1 Base Metals

2.5.2.1.1 This document applies to fusion welds made in

normal and higher strength hull structural steels in accord-

ance with the Rules for the classification of ships, Part 25 -

Metallic Materials, Sections 3.2 and 3.4.2, 3.11, 3.12 and

3.4.2, high strength steels for welded structures in accordance

with the Rules for the classification of ships, Part 25 - Metal-

lic Materials, Section 3.4.1 and connections welds with hull

steel forgings in accordance with the Rules for the classifica-

tion of ships, Part 25 - Metallic Materials, Sections 3.11 and

hull steel castings in accordance with the Rules for the classi-

fication of ships, Part 25 - Metallic Materials, Section 3.12.

Base metal other than the above may be applied by the Regis-

ter.

2.5.2.2 Welding processes

2.5.2.2.1 This document applies to fusion welds made

using manual metal arc welding (shielded metal arc welding,

111), gas-shielded metal arc welding (gas metal arc welding,

including flux cored arc welding, 13x), gas-shielded arc

welding with non-consumable tungsten electrode (gas tung-

sten arc welding, 14x), submerged arc welding (12x), electro-

slag welding (72x) and electro-gas welding processes (73).

Terms and numbers according to ISO 4063:2009 ("x") indi-

cates that relevant subgroups are included). This document

may also be applied to welding processes other than the

above at the discretion of the Register.

2.5.2.3 Weld joints

2.5.2.3.1 This document applies to butt welds with full

penetration, tee, corner and cruciform joints with or without

full penetration, and fillet welds.

2.5.2.4 Timing of NDT

2.5.2.4.1 NDT shall be conducted after welds have

cooled to ambient temperature and after post weld heat

treatment where applicable.

2.5.2.4.2 For high strength steels for welded structure

with specified minimum yield stress in the range of 420

N/mm² to 690 N/mm², NDT shall not be carried out before 48

hours after completion of welding. For steel with specified

minimum yield greater than 690 N/mm² NDT shall not be

carried out before 72 hours after completion of welding. Re-

gardless of yield strength consideration is to be given to re-

quiring a delayed inspection where evidence of delayed

cracking has been observed in production welds.

At the discretion of the surveyor, a longer in-

terval and/or additional random inspection at a later period

may be required, (for example in case of high thickness

welds).

At the discretion of the surveyor, the 72 hour

interval may be reduced to 48 hours for radiographic testing

(RT) or ultrasonic testing (UT) inspection, provided there is

no indication of delayed cracking, and a complete visual and

random magnetic particle (MT) or penetrant testing (PT) in-

spection to the satisfaction of the surveyor is conducted 72

hours after welds have been completed and cooled to ambient

temperature.

Where post weld heat treatment (PWHT) is car-

ried out the requirement for testing after a delay period may

be relaxed, at the discretion of the surveyor.

2.5.2.5 Applicable methods for testing of weld joints

2.5.2.5.1 The methods mentioned in this document for

detection of surface imperfections are visual testing (VT), PT

and MT. The methods mentioned for detection of internal

imperfections are UT and RT.

2.5.2.5.2 Applicable methods for testing of the different

types of weld joints are given in Table 2.5.1.


PART 26

2021

Table 2.5.1

Applicable methods for testing of weld joints

Weld Joint Parent material thickness Applicable test methods

Butt welds with full penetration thickness < 8mm1 VT, PT, MT, RT

thickness ≥ 8mm VT, PT, MT, UT, RT

Tee joints, corner joints and cruci-

form joints with full penetration

thickness < 8mm1 VT, PT, MT, RT3

thickness ≥ 8mm VT, PT, MT, UT, RT3

Tee joints, corner joints and cruci-

form joints without full penetration

and fillet welds

All VT, PT, MT, UT2, RT3

Notes:

1) In cases of thickness below 8mm the Register may consider application of an appropriate advanced

UT method.

2) UT may be used to check the extent of penetration in tee, corner and cruciform joints. This re-

quirement is to be agreed with the Register.

3) RT may be applied however there will be limitations.

2.5.3 Qualification of personnel involved in

NDT

2.5.3.1 The Shipbuilder or its subcontractors is respon-

sible for the qualification and preferably 3rd party certifica-

tion of its supervisors and operators to a recognised certifica-

tion scheme based on ISO 9712:2012.


qualification scheme as e.g. SNT-TC-1A, 2016 or AN-

SI/ASNT CP-189, 2016 may be accepted if the Shipbuilder

or its subcontractors written practice is reviewed and found

acceptable by the Register. The Shipbuilder or its subcontra-

ctors written practice shall as a minimum, except for the im-

partiality requirements of a certification body and/or authori-

sed body, comply with ISO 9712:2012


competence shall comprise all industrial sectors and

techniques being applied by the Shipbuilder or its subcontra-

ctors.

Level 3 personnel shall be certified by an ac-

credited certification body.

2.5.3.2 The Shipbuilder or its subcontractors shall have

a supervisor or supervisors, responsible for the appropriate

execution of NDT operations and for the professional stand-

ard of the operators and their equipment, including the pro-

fessional administration of the working procedures. The

Shipbuilder or its subcontractors shall employ, on a full-time

basis, at least one supervisor independently certified to Level

3 in the method(s) concerned as per the requirements of item

2.5.3.1. It is not permissible to appoint Level 3 personnel;

they must be certified by an accredited certification body. It

is recognised that a Shipbuilder or its subcontractors may not

directly employ a Level 3 in all the stated methods practiced.

In such cases, it is permissible to employ an external, inde-

pendently certified, Level 3 in those methods not held by the

full-time Level 3(s) of the Shipbuilder or its subcontractors.




behalf of the Shipbuilder or its subcontractors re-evaluate the

qualification of the operators annually.

2.5.3.3 The operator carrying out the NDT and inter-


tified to Level 2 in the NDT method(s) concerned and as de-

scribed in item 2.5.3.1.

However, operators only undertaking the gathe-

ring of data using any NDT method and not performing data




materials, welding, structures or components, NDT equip-

ment and limitations that are sufficient to apply the relevant

NDT method for each application appropriately.

2.5.4 Surface condition

2.5.4.1 Areas to be examined shall be free from scale,

slag, loose rust, weld spatter, oil, grease, dirt or paint that

might affect the sensitivity of the testing method.

Preparation and cleaning of welds for subse-

quent NDT are to be in accordance with the accepted NDT

procedures, and are to be to the satisfaction of the surveyor.

Surface conditions that prevent proper interpretation may be

cause for rejection of the weld area of interest.

2.5.5 General plan of testing: NDT method

selection

2.5.5.1 The extent of testing and the associated quality

levels are to be planned by the Shipbuilder according to the

ship design, ship type and welding processes used. For new

construction survey reference is to be made to the NDT re-

quirements of QW103 – Hull survey of newconstruction and

being available upon request, and the applicable parts of the

QW103 enclosures and appendices.

2.5.5.2 For each construction, the Shipbuilder shall

submit a plan for approval by the Register, specifying the ar-

eas to be examined and the extent of testing and the quality


PART 26

2021

levels, with reference to the NDT procedures to be used. Par-

ticular attention is to be paid to inspecting welds in highly

stressed areas and welds in primary and special structure in-

dicated in the Rules for the classification of ships, Part 2 –

Hull, 1.4. The NDT procedure(s) shall meet the requirement

stated in section 2.5.6 and the specific requirements of the

Register. The plan shall only be released to the personnel in

charge of the NDT and its supervision.

In selecting checkpoints, emphasis shall be giv-

en to the following inspection locations:

− Welds in high stressed areas

− Fatigue sensitive areas

− Other important structural elements

− Welds which are inaccessible or very diffi-

cult to inspect in service

− Field erected welds

− Suspected problem areas

Block construction welds performed in the

yards, or at subcontracted yards/facilities, are to be consid-

ered in selecting checkpoints.

For other marine and offshore structures the

extent is to be agreed by the Register.

If an unacceptable level of indications are

found the NDT extent is to be increased.

2.5.5.3 The identification system shall identify the ex-

act locations of the lengths of weld examined.

2.5.5.4 All welds over their full length are to be subject

to VT by personnel designated by the Shipbuilder, who may

be exempted from the qualification requirements defined in

section 2.5.3.

2.5.5.5 As far as practicable, PT or MT shall be used

when investigating the outer surface of welds, checking the

intermediate weld passes and back-gouged joints prior to

subsequent passes deposition. MT shall be performed in fer-

romagnetic materials welds unless otherwise agreed with the

Register. Surface inspection of important tee or corner joints,

using an approved MT or PT method, shall be conducted to

the satisfaction of the surveyor.

2.5.5.6 Welded connections of large cast or forged

components (e.g. stern frame, stern boss, rudder parts, shaft

brackets) are to be tested over their full length using MT (MT

is the preferred method) or PT, (PT is to be applied for non-

ferrous metals) and at agreed locations using RT or UT.

2.5.5.7 As given in Table 2.5.1, UT or RT or a combi-

nation of UT and RT may be used for testing of butt welds

with full penetration of 8mm or greater. Methods to be used

shall be agreed with the Register. The method used shall be

suited for the detection of particular types and orientations of

discontinuities. RT and UT are used for detection of internal

discontinuities, and in essence they supplement and comple-

ment each other. RT is generally most effective in detecting

volumetric discontinuities (e.g. porosity and slag) whilst UT

is more effective for detecting planar discontinuities (e.g.

laminations, lack of fusion and cracks).

Although one method may not be directly relat-

able to the other, either one would indicate conditions of in-

adequate control of the welding process.

2.5.5.8 In general start/stop points in welds made using

automatic (mechanized) welding processes are to be exam-

ined using RT or UT, except for internal members where the

extent of testing is to be agreed with the attending surveyor.

2.5.5.9 Where the surveyor becomes aware that an

NDT location has been repaired without a record of the origi-

nal defect, the shipyard is to carry out additional examina-

tions on adjacent areas to the repaired area to the satisfaction

of the attending surveyor. Reference is to be made to the

Rules for the classification of ships, Part 2 – Hull, 1.4.

2.5.5.10 Welds in thick steels (>50mm) used in contai-

ner carrier, deck and hatch coaming areas are to be inspected

in accordance with the additional requirements in the Rules

for the classification of ships, Part 2 – Hull, 1.4.6.

2.5.6 Testing

2.5.6.1 General

2.5.6.1.1 The testing method, equipment and conditions

shall comply with recognized National or International stand-

ards, or other documents to the satisfaction of the Register.

2.5.6.1.2 Sufficient details shall be given in a written

procedure for each NDT technique submitted to the Register

for acceptance.

2.5.6.1.3 The testing volume shall be the zone which in-

clude the weld and parent material for at least 10mm each

side of the weld, or the width of the heat affected zone

(HAZ), whichever is greater. In all cases inspection shall

cover the whole testing volume.

2.5.6.1.4 Provision is to be made for the surveyor to veri-

fy the inspection, reports and records (e.g. radiographs) on

request.

2.5.6.2 Visual testing (VT)

2.5.6.2.1 The personnel in charge of VT is to confirm

that the surface condition is acceptable prior to carrying out

the inspection. VT shall be carried out in accordance with

standards agreed between the Shipbuilder and the Register.

2.5.6.3 Liquid penetrant testing (PT)

2.5.6.3.1 PT shall be carried out in accordance to ISO

3452-1:2013 or a recognized accepted standard and the spe-

cific requirement of the Register.

2.5.6.3.2 The extent of PT shall be in accordance to the

plans agreed with the attending surveyor and to the satisfac-

tion of the surveyor.

2.5.6.3.3 The surface to be examined shall be clean and

free from scale, oil, grease, dirt or paint so there are not con-

taminants and entrapped material that may impede penetra-

tion of the inspection media

2.5.6.3.4 The temperature of parts examined shall be typ-

ically between 5°C and 50°C, outside this temperature range

special low/high temperature penetrant and reference com-

parator blocks shall be used.


PART 26

2021

2.5.6.4 Magnetic particle testing (MT)

2.5.6.4.1 MT shall be carried out in accordance to ISO

17638:2016 or a recognized accepted standard and the specif-

ic requirement of the Register.

2.5.6.4.2 The extent of MT shall be in accordance to the

plans agreed with the attending surveyor and to the satisfac-

tion of the surveyor.

2.5.6.4.3 The surface to be examined shall be free from

scale, weld spatter, oil, grease, dirt or paint and shall be clean

and dry. In general, the inside and outside of the welds to be

inspected need to be sufficiently free from irregularities that

may mask or interfere with interpretation.

2.5.6.5 Radiographic testing (RT)

2.5.6.5.1 RT shall be carried out in accordance to ISO

17636-1:2013 or an accepted recognized standard and any

specific requirement of Register.

2.5.6.5.2 The minimum inspected weld length for each

checkpoint is to be specified in the approved NDT plan (see

2.5.5.2) and shall follow the requirements of the Register.

For hull welds the minimum length inspected

by RT is typically 300mm.

The extent of RT shall be in accordance to the

approved plans and to the satisfaction of the surveyor.

Consideration may be given for reduction of in-

spection frequency for automated welds where quality assur-

ance techniques indicate consistent satisfactory quality. The

number of checkpoints is to be increased if the proportion of

non-conforming indications is abnormally high.

2.5.6.5.3 The inside and outside surfaces of the welds to

be radiographed are to be sufficiently free from irregularities

that may mask or interfere with interpretation. Surface condi-

tions that prevent proper interpretation of radiographs may be

cause for rejection of the weld area of interest.

2.5.6.6 Ultrasonic testing (UT)

2.5.6.6.1 UT shall be carried out according to procedure

based on ISO 17640:2018 (testing procedure), ISO

23279:2017 (characterization) and ISO 11666:2018 (ac-

ceptance levels) or accepted standards and the specific re-

quirements of the Register.

2.5.6.6.2 The minimum inspected weld length for each

checkpoint is to be specified in the approved NDT plan (see

5.2) and shall follow the requirements of the Register.

The extent of UT shall be in accordance to the

approved plans and to the satisfaction of the surveyor.

A checkpoint shall consist of the entire weld

length or a length agreed with the Register.

2.5.7 Acceptance Levels (criteria)

2.5.7.1 General

2.5.7.1.1 This section details the acceptance levels (crite-

ria) followed for the assessment of the NDT results. Tech-

niques include but are not limited to: VT, MT, PT, RT and

UT.

2.5.7.1.2 As far as necessary, testing techniques shall be

combined to facilitate the assessment of indications against

the acceptance criteria.

2.5.7.1.3 The assessment of indications not covered by

this document shall be made in accordance with a standard

agreed with the Register.

Alternative acceptance criteria can be agreed

with the Register, provided equivalency is established.

The general accepted methods for testing of

welds are provided in Table 2.5.2 and Table 2.5.3 for surface

and embedded discontinuities respectively. Refer to ISO

17635:2016.

Table 2.5.2

Method for detection of surface discontinuities (All type of welds including fillet welds)

Materials Testing Methods

Ferritic Steel

VT

VT, MT

VT, PT

Table 2.5.3

NDT for detection of embedded discontinuities (for butt and T joints with full penetration)

Materials and type

of joint

Nominal thickness (t) of the parent material to be welded (mm)

t < 8 8 ≤ t ≤ 40 t > 40

Ferritic butt-joints RT or UT1) RT or UT UT or RT2)

Ferritic T-joints UT1) or RT2) UT or RT2) UT or RT2)

Notes:

1) Below 8mm the Register may consider application of an appropriate advanced UT method.

2) RT may be applied however there will be limitations.


PART 26

2021

2.5.7.2 Quality Levels

Testing requirements follows the designation of

a particular quality level of imperfections in fusion-welded

joints in accordance with ISO 5817:2014. Three quality le-

vels (B, C and D) are specified.

In general Quality level C is to be applied for

hull structure.

Quality level B corresponds to the highest requ-

irement on the finished weld, and may be applied on critical

welds.

This standard applies to steel materials with

thickness above 0.5 mm. ISO 5817:2014 Table 1 provides the

requirements on the limits of imperfections for each quality

level. ISO 5817:2014 Annex A also provides examples for

the determination of percentage of imperfections (number of

pores in surface percent).

All levels (B,C and D) refer to production qua-

lity and not to the fitness for purpose (ability of product, pro-

cess or service to serve a defined purpose under specific con-

ditions). The correlation between the quality levels defined in

ISO 5817:2014, testing levels/ techniques and acceptance le-

vels (for each NDT technique) will serve to define the purpo-

se under specific conditions. The acceptance level required

for examination shall be agreed with the Register. This will

determine the quality level required in accordance with the

non-destructive technique selected. Refer to tables 2.5.4 to

2.5.9.

2.5.7.3 Testing Levels

2.5.7.3.1 The testing coverage and thus the probability of

detection increases from testing level A to testing level C.

The testing level shall be agreed with the Register. Testing

level D is intended for special applications, this can only be

used when defined by specification. ISO 17640:2018 Annex

A tables A.1 to A.7 provide guidance on the selection of test-

ing levels for all type of joints in relation to the thickness of

parent material and inspection requirements.

2.5.7.3.2 The testing technique used for the assessment

of indications shall also be specified.

2.5.7.4 Acceptance Levels.

2.5.7.4.1 The acceptance levels are specified for each

testing technique used for performing the inspection. The cri-

teria applied is to comply with each standard identified in ta-

bles 2.5.4 to 2.5.9 (or any recognized acceptable standard

agreed with the Register).

2.5.7.4.2 Probability of detection (POD) indicates the

probability that a testing technique will detect a given flaw.

2.5.7.5 Visual testing (VT)

2.5.7.5.1 The acceptance levels and required quality lev-

els for VT are provided in IACS Rec 47 and Table 2.5.4 be-

low.

Table 2.5.4

Visual Testing

Quality Levels

(ISO 5817:2014 applies)a)

Testing Techniques/ levels

(ISO 17637:2016 applies)a) Acceptance levelsb)

B Level not specified B

C C

D D

Notes:

a) Or any recognized standard agreed with the Register and demonstrated to be acceptable

b) The acceptance levels for VT are the same to the quality levels requirements of ISO 5817:2014

2.5.7.6 Penetrant testing (PT)


els for PT are provided in Table 2.5.5 below:

Table 2.5.5

Penetrant Testing

Quality Levels



(ISO 3452-1:2013 applies)a)

Acceptance levels (ISO

23277:2015 applies)a)

B

Level not specified

2X

C 2X

D 3X

Notes:



PART 26

2021

2.5.7.7 Magnetic Particle testing (MT)


els for MT is provided in Table 6 below

Table 2.5.6

Magnetic Particle Testing

Quality Levels




Acceptance levels (ISO

23278:2015 applies)a)

B

Level not specified

2X

C 2X

D 3X

Notes:


2.5.7.8 Radiographic testing (RT)


els for RT are provided in Table 2.5.7 below.

Reference radiographs for the assessment of

weld imperfections shall be provided inaccordance to ISO

5817:2014 or acceptable reognized standard agreed with the

Register.

Table 2.5.7

Radiographic Testing

Quality Levels



(ISO 17636-1:2013 applies)a)

Acceptance levels (ISO 10675-

1:2016 applies)a)

B B (class) 1

C Bb) (class) 2

D At least A (class) 3

Notes:


b) For circumferential weld testing, the minimum number of exposures may correspond to the require-

ments of ISO 17636-1:2013, class A

2.5.7.9 Ultrasonic testing (UT)


els for UT are provided in Tables 2.5.8 and 2.5.9 below:

Table 2.5.8

Ultrasonic Testing

Quality Levels



(ISO 17640:2018 applies)a), b)

Acceptance levels (ISO 10675-

1:2016 applies)a)

B At least B 2

C At least A 3

D At least A 3c)

Notes:


b) When characterization of indications is required, ISO 23279:2017 is to be applied

c) UT is not recommended but can be defined in a specification with same requirement as Quality Level C


PART 26

2021

Table 2.5.9

Recommended Testing and Quality Levels (ISO 17640)

Testing Levela),b),c) (ISO 17640:2018 applies) Quality Level (ISO 5817:2014 applies)

A C, D

B B

C By agreement

D Special application

Notes:

a) POD increases from testing level A to C as testing coverage increases

b) Testing Level D for special application shall be agreed with the Register

c) Specific requirements for testing levels A to C, are provided for various types of joints in ISO

17460:2018 Annex A

2.5.7.9.2 UT Acceptance Levels apply to the examina-

tion of full penetration ferritic steel welds, with thickness

from 8 mm to 100mm. The nominal frequency of probes used

shall be between 2MHz and 5MHz. Examination procedures

for other type of welds, material, thicknesses above 100 mm

and examination conditions shall be submitted to the consid-

eration of the Register.

2.5.7.9.3 The acceptance levels for UT of welds are to be

defined in accordance to ISO 11666:2018 requirements or

any recognized acceptable standard agreed with the Register.

The standard specifies acceptance level 2 and 3 for full pene-

tration welded joints in ferritic steels, corresponding to quali-

ty levels B and C (Refer to table 2.5.8).

2.5.7.9.4 Sensitivity settings and levels. The sensitivity

levels are set by the following techniques:

− Technique 1: based on 3mm diameter side-

drilled holes

− Technique 2: based on distance gain size

(DGS) curves for flat bottom holes (disk-

shaped reflectors)

− Technique 3: using a distance-amplitude-

corrected (DAC) curve of a rectangular

notch of 1mm depth and 1mm width

− Technique 4: using the tandem technique

with reference to a 6mm diameter flat-

bottom hole (disk shaped reflector)

The evaluation levels (reference, evaluative, re-

cording and acceptance) are specified in ISO 11666:2018

Annex A.

2.5.8 Reporting

2.5.8.1 Reports of NDT required shall be prepared by

the Shipbuilder and shall be made available to the Register.

2.5.8.2 Reports of NDT shall include the following ge-

neric items:

− Date of testing

− Hull number, location and length of weld

inspected

− Names, qualification level and signature of

personnel that have performed the testing

− Identification of the component examined

− Identification of the welds examined

− Steel grade, type of joint, thickness of par-

ent material, welding process

− Acceptance criteria

− Testing standards used

− Testing equipment and arrangement used

− Any test limitations, viewing conditions

and temperature

− Results of testing with reference to ac-

ceptance criteria, location and size of re-

portable indications

− Statement of acceptance / non-acceptance,

evaluation date, name and signature of

evaluator

− Number of repairs if specific area repaired

more than twice

2.5.8.3 In addition to generic items, reports of PT shall

include the following specific items:

− Type of penetrant, cleaner and developer

used

− Penetration time and development time

2.5.8.4 In addition to generic items, reports of MT shall


− Type of magnetization

− Magnetic field strength

− Detection media

− Viewing conditions

− Demagnetization, if required

2.5.8.5 In addition to generic items, reports of RT shall


− Type and size of radiation source (width of

radiation source), X-ray voltage

− Type of film/designation and number of

film in each film holder/cassette

− Number of radiographs (exposures)

− Type of intensifying screens

− Exposure technique, time of exposure and

source-to-film distance as per below:

− Distance from radiation source to weld

− Distance from source side of the weld to

radiographic film

− Angle of radiation beam through the weld

(from normal)

− Sensitivity, type and position of IQI (source

side or film side)


PART 26

2021

− Density

− Geometric un-sharpness

− Specific acceptance class criteria for RT

Examinations used for acceptance or rejection

of welds shall be recorded in an acceptable medium. A writ-

ten record providing following information: identification

and description of welds, procedures and equipment used, lo-

cation within recorded medium and results shall be included.

The control of documentation unprocessed original images

and digitally processes images is to be to the satisfaction of

the surveyor.

2.5.8.6 In addition to generic items, reports of UT shall


− Type and identification of ultrasonic

equipment used (instrument maker, model,

series number), probes (instrumentmaker,

serial number), transducer type (angle, seri-

al number and frequency) and type of cou-

plant (brand).

− Sensitivity levels calibrated and applied for

each probe

− Transfer loss correction applied Type of

reference blocks

− Signal response used for defect detection

− Reflections interpreted as failing to meet

acceptance criteria

The method for review and evaluation of UT

reports is required for adequate quality control and is to be to

the satisfaction of the surveyor.

2.5.8.7 The shipyard is to keep the inspection records

specified in 2.5.8.2 to 2.5.8.6 of this document for at least for

5 years.

2.5.9 Unacceptable indications and repairs

2.5.9.1 Unacceptable indications shall be eliminated

and repaired where necessary. The repair welds are to be ex-

amined on their full length using appropriate NDT method at

the discretion of the Surveyor.

2.5.9.2 When unacceptable indications are found, addi-

tional areas of the same weld length shall be examined unless

it is agreed with the surveyor and fabricator that the indica-

tion is isolated without any doubt. In case of automatic weld-

ed joints, additional NDT shall be extended to all areas of the

same weld length.

All radiographs exhibiting non-conforming in-

dications are to be brought to the attention of the surveyor.

Such welds are to be repaired and inspected as required by

the surveyor. When non-conforming indications are observed

at the end of a radiograph, additional RT is generally required

to determine their extent. As an alternative, the extent of non-

conforming welds may be ascertained by excavation, when

approved by the surveyor.

2.5.9.3 The extent of testing can be extended at the

surveyor’s discretion when repeated nonacceptable disconti-

nuities are found.

2.5.9.4 The inspection records specified in section 8

are to include the records of repaired welds.

2.5.9.5 The Shipbuilder shall take appropriate actions

to monitor and improve the quality of welds to the required

level. The repair rate is to be recorded by the shipyard and

any necessary corrective actions are to be identified in the

builder’s QA system.

2.6 ADVANCED NON-DESTRUCTIVE

TESTING OF MATERIALS AND

WELDS

2.6.1 General

2.6.1.1 This document gives minimum requirements on

the methods and quality levels that are to be adopted for the

advanced non-destructive testing (ANDT) of materials and

welds during new building of ships. The advanced methods

intended for use under this requirements are listed in 2.6.2.

2.6.1.2 The ANDT is to be performed by the ship-

builder, manufacturer or its subcontractors in accordance

with these requirements. The Register’s surveyor may require

witnessing testing.

2.6.1.3 It is the shipbuilder’s or manufacturer’s respon-

sibility to ensure that testing specifications and procedures

are adhered to during the construction, and the report is to be

made available to the Register on the findings made by the

ANDT.

2.6.1.4 The extent and method of testing, and the num-

ber of checkpoints are normally agreed between the shipyard

and the Register.



this document.

ANDT Advanced non-destructive testing

RT-D Digital Radiography

RT-S Radioscopic testing with digital im-

age acquisition (dynamic≥12bit)

RT-CR Testing with computed radiography

using storage phosphor imaging

plates

PAUT Phased Array Ultrasonic Testing

TOFD Time of Flight Diffraction

AUT Automated Ultrasonic Examinations.

A technique of ultrasonic examina-

tion performed with equipment and

search units that are mechanically

mounted and guided, remotely oper-

ated, and motor-controlled (driven)

without adjustments by the techni-

cian. The equipment used to perform

the examinations is capable of record-

ing the ultrasonic response data, in-

cluding the scanning positions, by

means of integral encoding devices

such that imaging of the acquired data

can be performed.

SAUT Semi-Automated Ultrasonic Exami-

nations. A technique of ultrasonic ex-


PART 26

2021

amination performed with equipment

and search units that are mechanically

mounted and guided, manually assist-

ed (driven), and which may be manu-

ally adjusted by the technician. The

equipment used to perform the exam-

inations is capable of recording the

ultrasonic response data, including

the scanning positions, by means of

integral encoding devices such that

imaging of the acquired data can be

performed

2.6.2 Applicability

2.6.2.1 Materials

2.6.2.1.1 This document applies to the following materi-

als and manufactured products:

− Material and welding for gas tankers (in-

formative reference only, as the Register

does not provide classification for liquified

gas carriers)

− Normal and higher strength hull structural

steels in accordance with the Rules, Part 25

- Metallic Materials, Section 3.2

− High strength steels for welded structures in

accordance with the Rules, Part 25 - Metal-

lic Materials, Section 3.4.1

− Hull steel forgings in accordance with the

Rules, Part 25 - Metallic Materials, Section

3.11

− Hull and machinery steel castings in ac-

cordance with the Rules, Part 25 - Metallic

Materials, Section 3.12

− Extremely Thick Steel Plates in Container

Ships in accordance with the Rules, Part 2 -

Hull, Section 1.4.6

− Cast Copper Alloy propellers in accordance

with the Rules, Part 25 - Metallic Materi-

als, Section 4.3

− Aluminium alloys for hull construction in

accordance with the Rules, Part 25 - Metal-

lic Materials, Section 5

− Cast Steel Propellers in accordance with the

Rules, Part 25 - Metallic Materials, Section

3.14

− YP47 Steels and Brittle Crack Arrest Steels

in accordance with the Rules, Part 25 - Me-

tallic Materials, Section 3.4.2

− Hull and machinery steel forgings in ac-

cordance with IACS Recommendation No.

68

− Marine steel castings in accordance with

IACS Recommendation No. 69

2.6.2.2 Welding processes

2.6.2.2.1 This document applies to welding processes

specified in Table 2.6.1. ANDT of welding process unspeci-

fied in Table 2.6.1 is to be to the satisfaction of the Register.

Table 2.6.1

Applicable welding process

Welding process ISO 4063:2009

Manual welding Shield Metal Arc Welding(SMAW) 111

Resistance welding Flash welding(FW) 24

Semi-automatic welding

(1) Metal Inert Gas welding(MIG)

(2) Metal Active Gas welding(MAG)

(3) Flux Cored Arc Welding(FCAW)

131

135, 138

136

TIG welding Gas Tungsten Arc Welding(GTAW) 141

Automatic welding

(1) Submerged Arc Welding(SAW)

(2) Electro-gas Welding(EGW)

(3) Electro-slag Welding(ESW)

12

73

72

2.6.2.3 Weld joints

2.6.2.3.1 This document applies to butt welds with full

penetration. Variations of joint design, for example, tee, cor-

ner and cruciform joints (with or without full penetration) can

be tested using PAUT. The constraints of joint design with

respect to testing are to be recognized, documented, and

agreed with the Register before application.

2.6.2.4 Timing of ANDT

2.6.2.4.1 ANDT are to be conducted after welds have

cooled to ambient temperature and after post weld heat

treatment where applicable.

2.6.2.4.2 Timing of ANDT on ship hull welds on steels

with specified minimum yield stress in the range of 420

N/mm2 to 690 N/mm2 shall be in accordance with 2.5.2.4.2.

2.6.2.5 Testing methods

2.6.2.5.1 The methods mentioned in this document for

detection of imperfections are PAUT (only automated / semi-

automated PAUT), TOFD, RT-D.

2.6.2.5.2 Applicable methods for testing of the different

types of materials and weld joints are given in Table 2.6.2.


PART 26

2021

Table 2.6.2

Applicable methods for testing of materials and weld joints

Materials and weld joints Parent material thickness Applicable methods

Ferritic butt welds with full

penetration

thickness<6mm RT-D

6 mm ≤ thickness ≤ 40 mm PAUT, TOFD, RT-D

thickness>40mm PAUT, TOFD, RT-D*

Ferritic tee joints and corner joints

with full penetration thickness≥6mm PAUT, RT-D*

Ferritic cruciform joints with full

penetration thickness≥6mm PAUT*

Austenitic stainless steel butt welds

with full penetration1)

thickness<6mm RT-D

6 mm ≤ thickness ≤ 40 mm RT-D, PAUT*

thickness>40mm PAUT*, RT-D*

Austenitic stainless steel tee joints,

corner joints with full penetration1) thickness≥6mm PAUT*, RT-D*

Aluminum tee joints and corner

joints with full penetration thickness≥6mm PAUT*, RT-D*

Aluminum cruciform joints with

full penetration thickness≥6mm PAUT*

Aluminum butt welds with full

penetration

thickness<6mm RT-D

6 mm ≤ thickness ≤ 40 mm RT-D, TOFD, PAUT

thickness>40mm TOFD, PAUT, RT-D*

Cast Copper Alloy All PAUT, RT-D*

Steel forgings All PAUT, RT-D*

Steel castings All PAUT, RT-D*

Base materials/Rolled steels,

Wrought Aluminum Alloys

thickness<6mm RT-D

6 mm ≤ thickness ≤ 40 mm PAUT, TOFD, RT-D

thickness>40mm PAUT, TOFD, RT-D*

*Only applicable with limitations, need special qualification subject to acceptance by the Register.

Note:

1) The ultrasonic testing of anisotropic material using advanced methods will require specific procedures and

techniques. Additionally, the use of complementary techniques and equipment may also be required, e.g. using

angle compression waves, and/or creep wave probes for detecting defects close to the surface.

2.6.3 Qualification of personnel involved in

ANDT

2.6.3.1 The Shipbuilder, manufacturer or its subcon-

tractors is responsible for the qualification and preferably 3rd

party certification of its supervisors and operators to a recog-

nised certification scheme based on ISO 9712:2012.


qualification scheme as e.g. SNT-TC-1A, 2016 or

ANSI/ASNT CP-189, 2016 may be accepted if the Ship-

builder, manufacturer or its subcontractors written practice is

reviewed and found acceptable by the Register. The Ship-

builder, manufacturer or its subcontractors written practice

shall as a minimum, except for the impartiality requirements

of a certification body and/or authorised body, comply with

ISO 9712:2012.


competence shall comprise all industrial sectors and tech-

niques being applied by the Shipbuilder or its subcontractors.

Level 3 personnel shall be certified by an accredited certifica-

tion body.

2.6.3.2 The Shipbuilder, manufacturer or its subcon-

tractors shall have a supervisor or supervisors, responsible for

the appropriate execution of NDT operations and for the pro-

fessional standard of the operators and their equipment, in-

cluding the professional administration of the working proce-

dures. The Shipbuilder, manufacturer or its subcontractors

shall employ, on a full-time basis, at least one supervisor in-

dependently certified to Level 3 in the method(s) concerned

as per the requirements of item 2.6.3.1. It is not permissible

to appoint Level 3 personnel; they must be certified by an ac-

credited certification body. It is recognised that a Shipbuilder,

manufacturer or its subcontractors may not directly employ a

Level 3 in all the stated methods practiced. In such cases, it is

permissible to employ an external, independently certified,

Level 3 in those methods not held by the full-time Level 3(s)

of the Shipbuilder, manufacturer or its subcontractors.




behalf of the Shipbuilder, manufacturer or its subcontractors

re-evaluate the qualification of the operators annually.

2.6.3.3 The operator carrying out the NDT and inter-



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tified to Level 2 in the NDT method(s) concerned and as de-

scribed in item 2.6.3.1.

However, operators only undertaking the gath-

ering of data using any NDT method and not performing data




materials, weld, structures or components, NDT equipment

and limitations that are sufficient to apply the relevant NDT

method for each application appropriately.

2.6.4 Technique and procedure qualification

2.6.4.1 General

The shipbuilder or manufacturer has to submit

to the Register the following documentation for review:

− The technical documentation of the ANDT.

− The operating methodology and procedure

of the ANDT according to section 7.

− Result of software simulation, when appli-

cable.

2.6.4.2 Software simulation

Software simulation may be required by the

Register, when applicable for PAUT or TOFD techniques.

The simulation may include initial test set-up, scan plan, vol-

ume coverage, result image of artificial flaw etc.. In some

circumstances, artificial defect modeling/simulation may be

needed or required by the project.

2.6.4.3 Procedure qualification test

The procedure qualification for ANDT system

shall include the following steps:

− Review of available performance data for

the inspection system (detection abilities

and defect sizing accuracy).

− Identification and evaluation of significant

parameters and their variability.

− Planning and execution of a repeatability

and reliability test programme 1) which in-

cluding onsite demonstration.

− Documentation of results from the repeata-

bility and reliability test programs.

Note:

1) The data from the repeatability and reliability test pro-

gram is to be analyzed with respect to comparative qualifica-

tion block test report and onsite demonstration. The qualifi-

cation block shall be in accordance with ASME V Article 14

MANDATORY APPENDIX II UT PERFORMANCE

DEMONSTRATION CRITERIA or agreed by the Register,

and at least the intermediate level qualification blocks shall

be used. The high level qualification blocks shall be used

when sizing error distributions and an accurate POD need to

be evaluated. The demonstration process onsite shall be wit-

nessed by the Register’s surveyor.

2.6.4.4 Procedure approval

The testing procedure is to be evaluated based

upon the qualification results, if satisfactory the procedure

can be considered approved.

2.6.4.5 Onsite review

For the test welds, supplementary NDT shall be

performed on an agreed proportion of welds to be cross chec-

ked with other methods. Alternatively, other documented re-

ference techniques may be applied to compare with ANDT

results.

Data analyses shall be performed in accordance

with the above activities. Probability of Detection (PoD) and

sizing accuracy shall be established when applicable.

When the result of inspection review does not

conform to the approved procedure, the inspection shall be

suspended immediately. Additional procedure review qualifi-

cation and demonstration shall be undertaken to account for

any nonconformity.

When a significant nonconformity is found, the

Register has the right to reject the results of such activities.

2.6.5 Surface condition

2.6.5.1 Area to be examined shall be free from scale,

loose rust, weld spatter, oil, grease, dirt or paint that might af-

fect the sensitivity of the testing method.

2.6.5.2 Where there is a requirement to carry out

PAUT or TOFD through paint, the suitability and sensitivity

of the test shall be confirmed through an appropriate transfer

correction method defined in the procedure. In all cases, if

transfer losses exceed 12 dB, the reason shall be considered

and further preparation of the scanning surfaces shall be car-

ried out, if applicable. If testing is done through paint, then

the procedure shall be qualified on a painted surface.

2.6.5.3 The requirement for acceptable test surface fin-

ish is to ensure accurate and reliable detection of defects. For

the testing of welds, where the test surface is irregular or has

other features likely to interfere with the interpretation of

NDT results, the weld is to be ground or machined.

2.6.6 General plan of testing: NDT method selec-

tion

2.6.6.1 The extent of testing shall be planned by the

shipbuilder or manufacturer according to the ship design,

ship or equipment type and welding processes used. Particu-

lar attention shall be paid to highly stressed areas. The extent

of testing shall be in accordance with requirements applicable

with material of weld examined.

2.6.7 Testing requirements

2.6.7.1 General

2.6.7.1.1 The shipyard or manufacturer is to ensure that

personnel carrying out NDT or interpreting the results of

NDT are qualified to the appropriate level as detailed in sec-

tion 2.6.3.

2.6.7.1.2 Procedures

1) All NDT are to be carried out to a proce-

dure that is representative of the item un-

der inspection.

2) Procedures are to identify the component

to be examined, the NDT method, equip-

ment to be used and the full extent of the


PART 26

2021

examinations including any test re-

strictions.

3) Procedures are to include the requirement

for components to be positively identified

and for a datum system or marking sys-

tem to be applied to ensure repeatability

of inspections.

4) Procedures are to include the method and

requirements for equipment calibrations

and functional checks, together with spe-

cific technique sheets / scan plans, for the

component under test.

5) Procedures are to be approved by person-

nel qualified to Level III in the appropri-

ate technique in accordance with a recog-

nised standard.

6) Procedures are to be reviewed by the

Register’s Surveyor.

2.6.7.1.3 The methods considered within the application

of this requirements are defined in section 2.6.2.5.1

2.6.7.1.4 PAUT techniques shall conform as a minimum

to section 2.6.7.2. Depending on the complexity of the item

under test and the access to surfaces, there may be a require-

ment for additional scans and/or complementary NDT tech-

niques to ensure that full coverage of the item is achieved.

2.6.7.1.4.1 PAUT of welds shall include a linear scan of

the fusion face, together with other scans as defined in the

specific test technique. Refer to linear scan requirements in

section 2.6.7.2.2.4.

2.6.7.1.5 TOFD techniques shall conform as a minimum

to section 2.6.7.3. Depending on the complexity of the item

under test and the access to surfaces, there may be a require-

ment for additional scans and/or complementary NDT tech-

niques to ensure that full coverage of the item is achieved.

2.6.7.1.6 RT-D techniques shall conform as a minimum

to section 2.6.7.4. For the purpose of this requirements, RT-D

comprises of two main RT methods; RT-S and RT-CR. Other

methods may be included (e.g. radioscopy systems), howev-

er, then must conform to this requirements as applicable, and

any specific requirements shall demonstrate equivalence to

these requirements.

2.6.7.1.6.1 In all RT-D methods, in addition to specific re-

quirements, detector output quality control methods shall be

described within the procedure.

2.6.7.1.6.2 The procedure shall define the level of magnifi-

cation, post-processing tools, image/data security and stor-

age, for final evaluation and reporting.

2.6.7.2 Phased array ultrasonic testing

PAUT shall be carried out according to proce-

dures based on ISO 13588:2019, ISO 18563- 1:2015, ISO

18563-2:2017, ISO 18563-3:2015 and ISO 19285:2017 or

recognized standards and the specific requirements of the

Register.

2.6.7.2.1 Information required prior to testing

A procedure shall be written and include the

following information as in minimum shown in table 2.6.3.

When an essential variable in Table 2.6.3 is to change from

the specified value, or range of values, the written procedure

shall require requalification. When a nonessential variable is

to change from the specified value, or range of values,

requalification of the written procedure is not required. All

changes of essential or nonessential variables from the value,

or range of values, specified by the written procedure shall

require revision of, or an addendum to, the written procedure.


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Table 2.6.3

Requirements of a PAUT Procedure

Requirement Essential

Variable

Nonessential

Variable

Material types or weld configurations to be examined, including thickness

dimensions and material product form (castings, forgings, pipe, plate, etc.)

X …

The surfaces from which the examination shall be performed X …

Technique(s) (straight beam, angle beam, contact, and/or immersion) X …

Angle(s) and mode(s) of wave propagation in the material X …

Search unit type, frequency, element size and number, pitch and gap di-

mensions, and shape

X …

Focal range (identify plane, depth, or sound path) X …

Virtual aperture size (i.e., number of elements, effective height1), and ele-

ment width)

X …

Focal laws for E-scan and S-scan (i.e., range of element numbers used, an-

gular range used, element or angle increment change)

X …

Special search units, wedges, shoes, or saddles, when used X …

Ultrasonic instrument(s) X …

Calibration [calibration block(s) and technique(s)] X …

Directions and extent of scanning X …

Scanning (manual vs. automatic) X …

Method for sizing indications and discriminating geometric from flaw in-

dications

X …

Computer enhanced data acquisition, when used X …

Scan overlap (decrease only) X …

Personnel performance requirements, when required X …

Testing levels, acceptance levels and/or recording levels X …

Personnel qualification requirements … X

Surface condition (examination surface, calibration block) … X

Couplant (brand name or type) … X

Post-examination cleaning technique … X

Automatic alarm and/or recording equipment, when applicable … X

Records, including minimum calibration data to be recorded (e.g., instru-

ment settings)

… X

Environmental and safety issues … X

Note:

1) Effective height is the distance from the outside edge of the first to last element used in the focal law.

2.6.7.2.2 Testing

2.6.7.2.2.1 Testing levels

The testing levels specified in the testing pro-

cedure shall be in accordance with recognized standards ac-

cepted by the Register. Four testing levels are specified in

ISO 13588:2019, each corresponding to a different probabil-

ity of detection of imperfections.

2.6.7.2.2.2 Weld Examinations

The weld examinations shall in accordance

with ISO 13588:2019 and the additional special requirements

of this Section.

2.6.7.2.2.3 Material Examinations

Material examinations shall conform to section

2.6.2.1 as a minimum.

2.6.7.2.2.4 Volume to be inspected

The purpose of the testing shall be defined by

the testing procedure. Based on this, the volume to be inspec-

ted shall be determined.

A scan plan shall be provided. The scan plan

shall show the beam coverage, the weld thickness and the

weld geometry.

If the evaluation of the indications is based on

amplitude only, it is a requirement that an ‘E’ scan (or linear

scan) shall be utilized to scan the fusion faces of welds, so

that the sound beam is perpendicular to the fusion face ± 5º.


PART 26

2021

This requirement may be omitted if an ‘S’ (or sectorial) scan

can be demonstrated to verify that discontinuities at the fu-

sion face can be detected and sized, using the stated proce-

dure (note, this demonstration shall utilize reference blocks

containing suitable reflectors in location of fusion zone).

2.6.7.2.2.5 Reference blocks

Depending on the testing level, a reference

block shall be used to determine the adequacy of the testing

(e.g. coverage, sensitivity setting). The design and manufac-

ture of reference blocks shall be in accordance with ISO

13588:2019 or recognized equivalent standards and the spe-

cific requirements of the Register.

2.6.7.2.2.6 Indication assessment

Indications detected when applying testing pro-

cedure shall be evaluated either by length and height or by

length and maximum amplitude. Indication assessment shall

be in accordance with ISO 19285:2017 or recognized stand-

ards and the specific requirements of the Register. The sizing

techniques include reference levels, Time Corrected Gain

(TCG), Distance Gain Size (DGS) and 6 dB drop. 6 dB drop

method shall only be used for measuring the indications larg-

er than the beam width.

2.6.7.3 Time of flight diffraction

TOFD shall be carried out according to proce-

dure based on ISO 10863:2011, and ISO 15626:2018 or rec-

ognized standards and the specific requirements of the Regis-

ter.

2.6.7.3.1 Information required prior to testing


following information as shown in table 2.6.4. When an es-

sential variable in Table 2.6.4 is to change from the specified

value, or range of values, the written procedure shall require

requalification. When a nonessential variable is to change

from the specified value, or range of values, requalification

of the written procedure is not required. All changes of essen-

tial or nonessential variables from the value, or range of val-

ues, specified by the written procedure shall require revision

of, or an addendum to, the written procedure.

Table 2.6.4

Requirements of a TOFD Procedure

Requirement Essential

Variable

Nonessential

Variable

Weld configurations to be examined, including thickness di-

mensions and material product form (castings, forgings, pipe,

plate, etc.)

X …

The surfaces from which the examination shall be performed X …

Angle(s) of wave propagation in the material X …

Search unit type(s), frequency(ies), and element

size(s)/shape(s) X …

Special search units, wedges, shoes, or saddles, when used X …

Ultrasonic instrument(s) and software(s) X …

Calibration [calibration block(s) and technique(s)] X …

Directions and extent of scanning X …

Scanning (manual vs. automatic) X …

Data sampling spacing (increase only) X …

Method for sizing indications and discriminating geometric

from flaw indications X …

Computer enhanced data acquisition, when used X …

Scan overlap (decrease only) X …

Personnel performance requirements, when required X …

Testing levels, acceptance levels and/or recording levels X …

Personnel qualification requirements … X

Surface condition (examination surface, calibration block) … X

Couplant (brand name or type) … X

Post-examination cleaning technique … X

Automatic alarm and/or recording equipment, when applicable … X

Records, including minimum calibration data to be recorded

(e.g., instrument settings) … X

Environmental and safety issues … X


PART 26

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2.6.7.3.2 Testing

2.6.7.3.2.1 Testing levels

The testing levels specified in the testing pro-

cedure shall be in accordance with recognized standards ac-

cepted by the Register. Four testing levels are specified in

ISO 10863:2011, each corresponding to a different probabil-

ity of detection of imperfections.

2.6.7.3.2.2 Volume to be inspected

The purpose of the testing shall be defined by

the testing procedure. Based on this, the volume to be inspec-

ted shall be determined.

A scan plan shall be provided. The scan plan

shall show the locations of the probes, beam coverage, the

weld thickness and the weld geometry.

2.6.7.3.2.3 Due to the nature of the TOFD method, there is

a possibility that the scan plan may reveal weld volume zones

that will not receive full TOFD coverage (commonly known

as dead zones, either in the lateral wave, back wall, or both).

If the scan plan reveals that these dead zones are not ade-

quately inspected, then further TOFD scans and/or comple-

mentary NDT methods shall be applied to ensure full inspec-

tion coverage.

2.6.7.4 Digital radiography

Digital radiography shall be performed per pro-

cedure(s) based on ISO 17636-2:2013 and standards referen-

ced therein, or recognized standards and additional specific

requirements of the Register.

Any variation to applying the standard (e.g. IQI

placement) shall be agreed with the Register.


following information as shown in table 2.6.5.

Table 2.6.5

Requirements of a Digital Radiography Procedure

Requirement

Material types or weld configurations to be examined, including thickness dimensions and

material product form (castings, forgings, pipe, plate, etc.)

Digitizing System Description:

Manufacturer and model no. of digitizing system

Physical size of the usable area of the image monitor

Film size capacity of the scanning device

Spot size(s) of the film scanning system

Image display pixel size as defined by the vertical/horizontal resolution limit of the monitor

Illuminance of the video display

Data storage medium

Digitizing Technique:

Digitizer spot size (in microns) to be used

Loss-less data compression technique, if used

Method of image capture verification

Image processing operations

Time period for system verification

Spatial resolution used:

Contrast sensitivity (density range obtained)

Dynamic range used

Spatial linearity of the system

Material type and thickness range

Source type or maximum X-ray voltage used

Detector type

Detector calibration

Minimum source-to-object distance

Distance between the test object and the detector

Source size

Test object scan plan (if applicable)

Image Quality Measurement Tools

Image Quality Indicator (IQI)

Wire Image Quality Indicator

Duplex Image Quality Indicator


PART 26

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Image Identification Indicator

Testing levels, acceptance levels and/or recording levels

Personnel qualification requirements

Surface condition

Records, including minimum calibration data to be recorded

Environmental and Safety issues

2.6.7.4.1 Testing levels

Regarding choice of testing level per ISO

17636-2:2013 this is referred to in section 2.6.8.4.

2.6.8 Acceptance Levels

2.6.8.1 General

2.6.8.1.1 This section details the acceptance levels fol-

lowed for the assessment of the NDT results. Methods in-

clude but are not limited to: Phased array ultrasonic testing

(PAUT), Time of flight diffraction (TOFD), Digital radiog-

raphy (RT-D).

2.6.8.1.2 It may be necessary to combine testing methods

to facilitate the assessment of indications against the ac-

ceptance criteria.

2.6.8.1.3 Acceptance criteria for each material and weld

joint shall be in accordance with each section of the rules and

documents described in section 2.6.2.1.1.

2.6.8.2 Phased array ultrasonic testing

2.6.8.2.1 Weld Examinations

The relationship between acceptance levels,

testing levels and quality levels is given in Table 2.6.6.

Quality levels and acceptance levels for PAUT

of welds shall be in accordance with ISO 19285:2017 or rec-

ognized standard agreed with the Register.

2.6.8.2.2 Material Examinations

Quality levels and acceptance levels for PAUT

of material testing shall be in accordance to recognized stan-

dard agreed with the Register.

The acceptance levels for material examina-

tions shall conform as a minimum to the appropriate rules

and work instructions of the Register.

Table 2.6.6

Acceptance levels for PAUT

Quality Levels according to

ISO 5817:2014

Testing level according to

ISO 13588:2019

Acceptance levels according to

ISO 19285-1:2017

C, D A 3

B B 2

By agreement C 1

Special application D By agreement

2.6.8.3 Time of flight diffraction


testing levels and quality levels is given in Table 7.

Quality levels and acceptance levels for TOFD

of welds shall be in accordance to ISO 15626:2018 or recog-

nized standard agreed with the Register.

Table 2.6.7

Acceptance levels for TOFD


ISO 5817:2014

Testing level according to

ISO 10863:2011

Acceptance levels according to

ISO 15626:2018

B (Stringent) C 1

C (intermediate) At least B 2

D (Moderate) At least A 3

Special application D By agreement


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2021

2.6.8.4 Digital radiography


testing levels and quality levels is given inTable 2.6.8.

Quality levels and acceptance levels for Digital

Radiography of welds shall be in accordance with ISO 10675

or standard agreed with the Register.

Table 2.6.8

Acceptance levels for Digital radiography


ISO 5817:2014 or ISO

10042:2018

Testing techniques/level

(class) according to ISO

17636-2:2013

Acceptance level according to

ISO 10675-1:2016 & ISO

10675-2:2017

B (Stringent) B (class) 1

C (intermediate) B* (class) 2

D (Moderate) A (class) 3

*For circumferential weld testing, the minimum number of exposures may correspond to the

requirements of ISO 17636-2:2013, class A

2.6.9 Reporting

2.6.9.1 The test report shall include at least the follow-

ing information:

a) a reference to standards of compliance;

b) information relating to the object under

test:

.1 identification of the object under test,

.2 dimensions including wall thickness,

.3 material type and product form,

.4 geometrical configuration,

.5 location of welded joint(s) examined,

.6 reference to welding process and heat

treatment,

.7 surface condition and temperature,

.8 stage of manufacture;

c) information relating to equipment:

Table 2.6.9

Information relating to equipment

Method Information

All manufacturer and type of instrument, including with identification numbers if required.

PAUT 1) manufacturer, type, frequency of phased array probes including number and size of

elements, material and angle(s) of wedges with identification numbers if required,

2) details of reference block(s) with identification numbers if required,type of couplant

used.

TOFD 1) manufacturer, type, frequency, element size and beam angle(s) of probes with iden-

tification numbers if required,

2) details of reference block(s) with identification numbers if required,

3) type of couplant used.

RT-D 1) system of marking used,

2) radiation source, type and size of focal spot and identification of equipment used,

3) detector, screens and filters and detector basic spatial resolution.

d) information relating to test technology:


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2021

Table 2.6.10

Information relating to test technology

Method Information

All 1) testing level and reference to a written test procedure,

2) purpose and extent of test,

3) details of datum and coordinate systems,

4) method and values used for range and sensitivity settings,

5) details of signal processing and scan increment setting,

6) access limitations and deviations from standards, if any.

PAUT 1) increment (E-scans) or angular increment (S-scans),

2) element pitch and gap dimensions,

3) focus (calibration should be the same as scanning),

4) virtual aperture size, i.e. number of elements and element width,

5) element numbers used for focal laws,

6) documentation on permitted wedge angular range from manufacturer,

7) documented calibration, TCG and angle gain compensation,

8) scan plan.

TOFD 1) details of TOFD setups,

2) details of offset scans, if required.

RT-D 1) detector position plan,

2) tube voltage used and current or source type and activity,

3) time of exposure and source-to-detector distance,

4) type and position of image quality indicators,

5) achieved and required SNRN for RT-S or achieved and required grey values and/or

SNRN for RT-CR,

6) for RT-S: type and parameters such as gain, frame time, frame number, pixel size,

calibration procedure,

7) for RT-CR: scanner type and parameters such as pixel size, scan speed, gain, laser

intensity, laser spot size,

8) image-processing parameters used, e.g. of the digital filters.

a) information relating to test results:

Table 2.6.11

Information relating to test results

Method Information

All 1) acceptance criteria applied,

2) tabulated data recording the classification, location and size of relevant indications

and results of evaluation,

3) results of examination including data on software used,

4) date of test,

5) reference to the raw data file(s),

6) date(s) of scan or exposure and test report,

7) names, signatures and certification of personnel.

PAUT 1) phased array images of at least those locations where relevant indications have been

detected on hard copy, all images or data available in soft format,

2) reference points and details of the coordinate system.

TOFD TOFD images of at least those locations where relevant TOFD indications have been de-

tected.


PART 26

2021

2.6.9.2 Results of NDT are to be recorded and evaluat-

ed by the shipbuilder or manufacturer on a continual basis.

These records are to be available to the Surveyor.

2.6.9.3 The shipbuilder or manufacturer is to be re-

sponsible for the review, interpretation, evaluation and ac-

ceptance of the results of NDT. Reports stating compliance or

otherwise with the criteria established in the inspection pro-

cedure are to be issued

2.6.9.4 In addition to the above general reporting re-

quirements, all specified NDT methods will have particular

requirements and details that shall be listed in the report. Re-

fer to the applicable method standards for specific require-

ments.

2.6.9.5 The shipbuilder or manufacturer is to keep the

inspection records for the appropriate period deemed by Reg-

ister.

2.6.10 Unacceptable indications and repairs

All indications (discontinuities) exceeding the

applicable acceptance criteria shall be classed as defects, and

shall be eliminated and repaired as per applicable appropriate

rules and work instructions of the Register.


PART 26

2021

3 WELDING IN THE VARIOUS

FIELDS OF APPLICATION

3.1 WELDING OF HULL

STRUCTURES

3.1.1 General

The requirements of this Section apply to all

welding works carried out on the ships hull, superstructure

and deckhouses including the components forming part of the

ships structure (e.g. hatch covers, masts, deck cranes, etc.) re-

ferred to in the Section 1.1.1 of these Rules.

3.1.2 Approval of shipyards and welding

shops

All shipyards and welding shops intended to

perform works on structures covered by these Rules under

supervision of the Register, shall comply with the require-

ments referred to in the Section 1.2 of these Rules and shall

be approved by the Register. Application for approval shall

be submitted to the Register before starting the welding and

shall contain information and documentation prescribed in

the Section 1.2 of these Rules.

3.1.3 Quality control

Shipyards and welding shops shall ensure regu-

lar quality control during the manufacture. The welding

works shall be in compliance with these Rules, approved

workshop documentation and good welding practice.

3.1.4 Materials, weldability

Welded structures shall be fabricated only us-

ing base materials of proven weldability. Materials shall

comply with the Rules for the classification of ships, Part 25

- Metallic Materials.

3.1.5 Welding consumables

All the welding consumables used for welding

the structures referred to in 3.1.1 shall be approved by the

Register in compliance with 1.5 of these Rules. Choice and

grades of welding consumables for hull structural steels shall

be in compliance with the Table 1.5.2.1.2.2 - Correlation of

welding consumables to hull structural steels.

The welding consumables may only be used in

the approved welding positions and in accordance with the

requirements and recommendations of the manufacturer.

3.1.6 Welding processes and welding

procedure tests

Welding processes shall, regularly, be tested by

the Register in compliance with 1.4.

The requirements to which the welded joints of

the hull structural steels shall be complied with are detailed in

1.4.

3.1.7 Welding of clad steels

Edge preparation of the welded joint shall be in

accordance with the standards or drawings approved by the

Register. Edges shall be machined or ground. The edges of

parts to be assembled shall fit each other closely and shall not

be out of alignment on the clad surface. Corrosion resistance

and the thickness of the clad side shall be equal to that of the

clad material. The chemical composition of weld metal, ex-

cept of that in the root size, shall correspond to that of clad

material.

As a rule, the plate surface opposite to the clad

surface shall be welded first and than on the clad side. The

non clad side shall be welded so that no melting of the clad-

ding layer is likely to occur. Prior to welding on the clad side,

the root of the unalloyed weld shall be cleaned to sound met-

al by machining or grinding and given a concave shape. For a

back sealing run the same welding consumables shall be used

as for welding the cladding layer. The cladding layer shall be

welded so as to reduce the interpenetration of alloyed and un-

alloyed materials to a minimum. For welding the cladding

layer, welding electrodes and wires of the smallest possible

diameter shall be used.

The welding shall be carried out at the lowest

possible rate of energy input. The weld on the clad face shall

be made at least two layers. Transverse weawing of the elec-

trode in welding the cladding layer shall not be permitted.

Where the top layer width is such that it should be deposited

in several runs, the last run shall be made along the middle of

the weld. When the two-side welding of clad steel pipes is

not possible, the entire joint shall be welded by welding con-

sumables appropriate for the cladding material.

Thin steel plates shall be welded by welding

consumables appropriate for the cladding material.

3.1.8 Welding of castings and forgings

Steel castings and forgings regardless of the

ambient temperature, shall be pre-heated or subjected to other

technological measures prior to welding, to ensure the re-

quired quality of welding. The defects in the new steel forg-

ings and castings may be rectified by welding only in case

the weldability of the steel concerned has been previously

checked with due regard to the special conditions of the cast

or forged element.

The repair shall be carried out prior to the final

heat treatment. Welding after the final heat treatment shall be

permitted only exceptionally. The repair of castings and forg-

ings by welding shall not be permitted if the same defects ap-

pear repeatedly. The welding of defects in castings shall be

carried out after sprues and heads have been removed and the

castings thoroughly cleaned of sand, scale and inclusions.

The surfaces to be repaired shall be ground to sound metal so

as to ensure the full penetration throughout the welded area.

The surfaces to be welded shall be horizontal and shall be

without sharp corners.

The normal strength hull structural steels do not

require preheating. However, with large cross sections (e.g.

steel castings or forgings where unfavourable conditions re-


PART 26

2021

garding design or welding technology apply, uniform prelim-

inary heating of the areas surrounding the welded joints is

advisable. Higher strength hull structural steels shall general-

ly be preheated if the temperature of the workpiece is less

than 5oC.

If it is higher than this, preheating shall be car-

ried out upwards of a specific threshold wall thickness with

respect to other factors referred to in Table 3.1.9.

For an average carbon equivalent and an aver-

age heat input (energy applied per unit length of weld) the

wall thickness t and preheating temperature T shown in Fig.

3.1.9 may be used as a guide

.

Table 3.1.9

Influence of various factors on the preheating temperature

Lower preheating temperature Factors influencing preheating Raised preheating temperature

Low-alloyed steels Chemical composition (hardening properties) of the base

material, e.g. expressed by the carbon equivalent. higher-alloyed steels

small Thickness of workpiece (heat dissipation, rigidity,

state of residual stresses) large

Butt welded joints (uniting two

plates) thick (multiplepass) seam

Type of joint, shape and dimensions of weld, heat input,

heat dissipation

T-joints(uniting three plates), thin

(single-pass) seams

high Ambient temperature, temperature of workpiece (heat

dissipation) low

high Heat input during welding (energy applied per unit

length of weld) low

low Hydrogen content of weld metal (type and re-baking of

welding consumables and auxiliary materials) high

3.1.9 Preheating

Necessity and degree of preheating shall be in

accordance with Table 3.1.9.7

Figure 3.1.9

Wall thickness and preheating temperatures for higher-

strength hull structural steels (guide values)

Preheating shall be applied uniformly through-

out the thickness of the plate and to a distance four times the

plate thickness, but not more than 100 mm on both sides of

the weld. Localized preheating shall not be permitted. The

preheating temperature shall be kept constant throughout the

duration of the welding work.

3.1.10 Welding of aluminium and its alloys

The welding operations on aluminium and on

its alloys referred to in 1.1.1. shall be performed by certified

welders approved by the Register.

Welding consumables and the welding proce-

dure applied shall be approved by the Register and the weld-

ers shall be qualified and certified. The welding operations

shall be so performed as to ensure a good quality joint, its

maximum strength, chemical composition similar to that of

the base metal and the sufficient corrosion resistance. Edge

preparation prior to welding shall be carried out in compli-

ance with the standards or technical documentation approved

by the Register. The joints shall be arranged so as to make it

possible to weld them in the most convenient position. Where

scalloped constructions are concerned, the welding shall be

performed round the ends of all lugs.

The reinforcement of edges shall be removed

only if stated in the drawings. Just before welding, the joint

edges of aluminium and aluminium are to degreased and

cleaned from dirt with stainless steel wire brush. In case of

multirun welding, each run of deposit shall be brushed before

the next run is applied.

In case of the double-sided welding prior to

welding of the reverse side, the root of the weld shall be

cleaned to the sound metal. In way of riveted structures made

of aluminium alloys, all major welding operations shall be

completed before riveting.

Welded joints shall have no machining or paint-

ing whatsoever when submitted for acceptance. Application


PART 26

2021

of non-destructive methods other than radiography shall be

specially considered by the Register.

The requirements to which the welded joints of

aluminium alloys shall be complied with are shown in Table

3.1.10

Table 3.1.10

Requirements applicable to aluminium alloys

Base material Welded joints1)

Numerical Chemical symbol Tensile strength

[N/mm2] Bending angle2)

5754 Al Mg 3 190

180o

5086 Al Mg 4 240

5083 Al Mg 4,5 Mn 0,7 275

5383 Al Mg 4,5 Mn 0,7 mod 290

6005A Al Si Mg (A) 165

6061 Al Mg Si 1 Cu 155

6082 Al Si 1 Mg Mn 170

1) Using a weld consumable of a quality grade in accordance with 1.5.8.1

2) Bending mandrel diameter to be selected in accordance with 1.5.8.3

3.1.11 Inspection of welding and welded joints

3.1.11.1 Inspection of welding operations and welded

joints during manufacture and repairs of structures and com-

ponents shall be performed through the inspection authorities

of the working organizations. The inspection results shall be

registered by the working organization and filed until the

commissioning of the item and shall be submitted to the Sur-

veyor to the Register on his request, for supervision. When

necessary, the working organization shall perform the follow-

ing tests of welded joints:

1. tightness test;

2. strength test;

3. non-destructive testing.

The method of these testing shall comply with

the requirements of the relevant Parts of the Rules, or with

standards approved by the Register.

Requirements of 2.5 are to be followed for

nondestructve testing of ship hull steel welds during new

building.

In addition to the requirements of 2.5.5, guide-

lines for determining number of NDT checkpoints are given

in 3.1.11.2 to 3.1.11.3.

3.1.11.2 The number of radiographs at radiographic ex-

amination or controlled weld lengths at the ultrasonic exami-

nation of welded joints in hull structures referred to in

3.1.11.3 shall be determined by the formula:

,,

Ln

50100 ⋅

⋅=

η

where:

n = number of the controlled weld

lengths,

L = total length of welded joints, m;

0,5 = controlled weld length, m;

η = ratio of the controlled weld lengths

and total weld lengths in percentage

(in accordance with Fig. 3.1.11.3).

Where the controlled weld length is less than

0,5 m, the real value of controlled weld length shall be substi-

tuted in the formula. The working organization shall deter-

mine the percentage of weld defects, once every six months

at least, on the basis of the examination results and shall re-

port these data to the Register. The percentage of defects K

shall be determined by the formula:

LK

100⋅=l

,

where:

l = total length of welds found defective

during the examination, m.

L = total weld length controlled, m

If the percentage of defects is more than 5 per-

cent, Register reserves the right to require, for every percent

of rejected welds exceeding 5 percent, an increase in the

number of the controlled weld lengths by 10 percent. The

number of controlled weld lengths may be reduced if the

Register finds the general standard of welding operations sat-

isfactory. The sections of welded joints where the major de-

fects are found shall be cut and re-welded. Rectified sections

shall be re-tested and the testing results reported to the Regis-

ter.

3.1.11.3 Number of welded joints to be subjected to a

non-destructive examination shall comply with the approved

scheme and their positions on the relevant object shall be de-

termined by the manufacturers quality control in agreement

with the Register after welding operations are complied with.

In addition to the number of controlled weld lengths in ac-

cordance with the Figure 3.1.11.3 and Table 3.1.11.3, the fol-

lowing welded joints shall be controlled:


PART 26

2021

Table 3.1.11.3

Location of welded

joints to be examined

Percentage of the total

number of controlled

weld lengths

Note

Strength deck

(deck plating) 20 See note

Bottom plating,

including bilge strake 20 See note

Side plating 10 See note

Hatch coamings and

second deck girders 20

Hatch coamings and

strength deck girders 10

Watertight bulkhead

plating 10

Stern frame 5 See

3.1.11.3.5

Double bottom plating

and other parts of hull

structure subjected to

high loads

5

Note:

2/3 of the total number of controlled weld lengths shall

be of butt transverse welds and 1/3 of butt longitudinal

welds.

.1 those lying amidship (according to the

Rules for the classification of ships, Part

2 - Hull) but not closer than 0,4 L on the

longitudinal and transversal seams of the

strength and second deck plating at

hatchway corners at points adjoining the

coaming, but not less than one controlled

weld length per seam;

.2 butts on thickened stringer plates of the

upper deck at the ends of superstructures,

but not less than one controlled weld

length per butt,

.3 butts of the sheerstrake lying amidship,

but not less than one controlled weld

length per butt,

.4 mounted butt weld joints of hull members

lying amidships at least;

− one controlled weld length for every

5 butts of longitudinal framing mem-

bers,

− one controlled weld length for 10

butts of transverse framing members.

5. joints of stern, sternframe and ice belt of

ship with 1 AS, 1 A, 1 B, 1C and 1D ice

category and icebreakers, the number of

weld length shall be agreed with the Reg-

ister.

6. T-joints between deck stringer plate and

sheerstrake, examination is required for

20 percent of the length of welds,

.7 when welding into a rigid contour is car-

ried out, the welded joints shall be con-

trolled along whole length.

Besides, the welded joints of all structures ex-

posed to heavy loads such as cargo masts and posts, cantile-

ver beams etc. shall be also subject to control. When the

quality grade of weld is not achieved, two additional lengths

of the same weld shall be controlled at another two places.

Should these lengths reveal any defects, further control shall

be undertaken along the same weld in both directions until

satisfactory results are obtained.

Where conversion or repair is concerned, the

number of controlled weld lengths shall be determined by the

Register depending on the extent of the welding operations as

well as on the class of structure.

3.1.11.4 The evaluation category of welded joints of

ships hull is specified in 2.3.7 of the Rules.

Diagram of the part of welded joints to be controlled

The total length of welded joints, L, m

Figure 3.1.11.3


PART 26

2021

3.2 WELDING OF STEAM BOILERS

AND PRESSURE VESSELS

3.2.1 General

The requirements of this Section apply to the

welding of steam boilers and pressure vessels manufactured

from base metal and welding consumables which comply

with the requirements of the present part of the Rules as well

as with those in the Rules for the classification of ships, Part

25 - Metallic Materials.

3.2.2 Execution of welded joints

Welded joints of boilers shall be so marked as

to make it possible to identify the operator (welder) who has

performed the welding. Longitudinal and transversal welds of

boiler shells shall be performed by full penetration welding,

except where the welding coefficient of the welded joint in

accordance with the Rules for the classification of ships, Part

10 - Boilers, Heat Exchangers and Pressure Vessels, para-

graph 2.1.5.1, is adopted to be ≤ 0,8. Longitudinal and trans-

versal joints of boiler shells as well as those of pressure ves-

sels shall be butt welded. If butt welding cannot be applied,

the type of weld and the welding procedure shall be specially

considered by the Register in each particular case. Any weld-

ing of fastenings, catches and similar components for erect-

ing purposes on the boiler shell, shall be considered by the

Register in each particular case. When the openings in boilers

are closed up by means of plugs fixed by welding the re-

quirements of standards approved by the Register shall be

complied with.

Worn-out shell plates of boilers and pressure

vessels can be repaired by building-up only on agreement

with the Register.

The built-up area shall not exceed 500 cm2 and

its depth shall not be over 30 per cent of the plate thickness.

If these conditions cannot be fulfilled, the defect area shall be

repaired by inserting a new plate.

3.2.3 Heat treatment

Heat treatment of boilers and pressure vessels

shall be carried out in compliance with the standards or in-

formation of the base material manufacturer. Welded joints

which are oversized or which are of special design and can-

not be subjected to stress relief heat treatment as a whole ,

shall be heat treated partly in agreement with the Register.

Such heat treatment shall be performed by uniform heating

along the welded joint (see 2.2.3.2). Oxyacetylene heat

treatment shall not be permitted to be applied locally.

3.2.4 Inspection of welded joints

The mechanical properties and macrostructure

of the welded joints when manufacturing boilers, heat ex-

changers and pressure vessels classified in accordance with

the Rules for the classification of ships, Part 10 - Boilers,

Heat Exchangers and Pressure Vessels, paragraph 1.3.1.2.,

shall be examined within the following extent:

1. Boilers and pressure vessels of class I

In case of the individual and serial pro-

duction, each longitudinal joint for each

plate thickness shall be tested. Transver-

sal joint shall be tested only in case the

welding procedure is substantially differ-

ent from that applied to the longitudinal

joint or when a pressure vessel is manu-

factured with a transverse joint only.

In case of serial production of pressure

vessels which are welded solely applying

a transverse joint, one test assembly shall

be prepared for each 30 m of joint length.

Welded joint on a separately prepared test

assembly shall be as equivalent as possi-

ble to the transverse joint on the vessel.

2. Boilers and pressure vessels of class II

In case of the individual production, each

longitudinal joint for each plate thickness

shall be tested.

In case of serial production, one test as-

sembly shall be prepared for each 40 m of

the longitudinal and transverse joint

length.

3. Pressure vessels of class III

In case of individual production, one test

assembly shall be prepared and in serial

production for each 40 m of the longitu-

dinal and transversal joint length, one test

assembly shall be prepared.

Test assemblies shall be attached to the longi-

tudinal joint of a boiler or pressure vessel so that the test plate

joint to be welded is a continuation of the joint of the relevant

part. The test assembly shall be manufactured from the same

plate as that of the boiler shell or the relevant pressure vessel,

and the welding procedure shall be the same as employed in

the welding of the boiler or pressure vessel joint. Dimensions

of test assembly shall be sufficient to enable the preparing of

test pieces as well as the re-tests. Prior to heat treatment, test

assembly shall be straightened. For that purpose, it may be

heated to the temperature which is lower than that for heat

treatment. Test assemblies shall be heat treated simultaneous-

ly in the same furnace integral with the items to which they

belong. They are separated from the boiler shell after being

marked by the Register. A test assembly thus prepared shall

provide:

Class I

− one transverse tensile test specimen;

− two transverse bend test specimens (one

with the face of the weld in tension, the

other with the root of the weld in tension);

− three impact test specimens.

The longitudinal axis of the test specimen shall

be perpendicular to the weld and shall run through the middle

of the plate parallel with its surface. The notch in the test

specimen shall be perpendicular to the plate surface nearly to

the middle of the weld.

Class II

− one transverse tensile test specimen,

− one transverse bend test specimen (the root

of the weld in tension)


PART 26

2021

Class III

− one transverse tensile test specimen.

But welded joints of boilers, heat exchangers

and pressure vessels shall be examined by one of the non-

destructive methods to the extent referred to in the Table

3.2.4, depending on the class of construction (see the Rules

for the classification of ships, Part 10 - Boilers, Heat Ex-

changers and Pressure Vessels, 1.3.1.2).

Table 3.2.4

Class

Length of tested welds, in per cent,

compared to total weld length

Longitudinal

welds

Transverse

welds

I 100 50

II 25

III On agreement with the Register

The evaluation category of welded joints of

boilers and pressure vessels is specified in 2.3.7 of the Rules.

3.3 WELDING OF PIPELINES

3.3.1 General

The type of welded joints in pipes shall be in

compliance with the standards.


The butt welded joints of pipes shall be carried

out with full root penetration. Welding with the removable

backing rings shall be permitted. The use of remaining back-

ing rings in butt welds of pipelines shall be permitted only

where these rings do not adversely affect the performance.

Butt joints of flanges with pipes shall not be carried out with

the remaining backing rings.

Welded joints of pipes shall be heat treated in

the following cases:

1. in pipes of low-alloy steel;

2. in case of welding of main steam pipe-

lines at temperature above 350oC

The welded joints of piping depending on the

class indicated in Table 1.2.2, Part 8, Piping, shall be radi-

ographed to the extent as stated below:

− Class I piping with the outer diameter of

pipe ≥ 75 mm-100% butt joints;

− Class I piping with the outer diameter of

pipe < 75 mm-10% of butt joints;

− Class II piping with the outer diameter of

pipe ≥ 100 mm -10% of butt joints;

− Class II piping with the outer diameter of

pipe < 100 mm -random check of butt

joints.

When 10% of the butt joints are radiographed,

not less than one joint from the total number made by a par-

ticular welder shall be controlled.

If required by the Register, the scope of testing

may be extended depending on the type of material or weld-

ing procedure.

The Class III piping shall be examined visually

but the Register may require a random check of welds by ra-

diography.

Where, for technical reasons, the Class I and II

piping cannot be radiographed, the Register may permit other

methods of examination.

In some cases, the ultrasonic examination may

be applied instead of radiography.

For controlling fillet welds of Class I and II

piping, magnetic particle method may be applied on agree-

ment with the Register, depending on the type of material,

thickness, outer diameter and on the composition of the

working medium.

In the case of automatic and semi-automatic

welding of pipes, or in the case of serial production of pipes,

the scope of radiographic examination may be reduced on


The acceptance criteria of welded piping are

specified in 2.3.7 of these Rules.

The repair of pipeline damaged areas by weld-

ing in each case shall be subject to special consideration of

the Register.

3.4 WELDING OF MACHINERY

COMPONENTS

3.4.1 General

The requirements of this Section apply to the

welding of the ship machinery structures manufactured from

base materials and welding consumables which comply with

the requirements of the present Part of the Rules as well as

with the Part 25 - Metallic Materials. The structures may al-

so be manufactured from the equivalent material if agreed

with the Register.


The welded joints in structures exposed to dy-

namic loads shall be welded with full penetration. The transi-

tion from the base metal to the weld shall be smooth. Where

the structure is intended to operate at high temperature or in a

chemically aggressive medium, these conditions shall be tak-

en into account when selecting the welding consumables.

The application of welding to shafting and

crank shafts shall be specially considered by the Register in

each particular case. Conditions to be fulfilled shall be as fol-

lows:

− 100 per cent of testing shall be carried out

by one of non-destructive methods;

− the fatigue strength of welded joint adopted

in calculation shall be guaranteed.

Scope of test welding as well as the test pro-

gram prior to welding procedure shall be agreed with the

Register. The application of welding, building-up, metal pul-

verisation and other similar methods, when manufacturing or

repairing ship machinery items, may be permitted in case the

testing results are satisfactory in accordance with the method

approved by the Register and provided that such a method


PART 26

2021

proves that it may be applied successfully with a particular

workshop.

Ships shafts of carbon steel, up to 0,45 per cent

carbon content, which have been worn out or have surface

cracks may be repaired by building-up provided that the ex-

tent of wear or the depth of a cracking does not exceed 5 per

cent of shaft diameter, but not over 15 mm. The building-up

shall be performed according to the procedure agreed with

the Register. Welding may be performed in areas of compo-

nents where cold forming has been carried out, including the

adjoining surfaces over width of 5 times the plate thickness t,

provided that the requirements specified in Table 3.4.2 are

complied with.

The evaluation category of welded piping is

specified in 2.3.7 of the Rules.

Scope of examination of constructions which

are not listed in 3.1 up to 3.4 with non destructive methods,

shall be agreed with the Register.

Table 3.4.2

Requirements for welding in areas subjected to cold forming

Ratio r/t Elongation, ε

[%]

Acceptable plate thickness, t

[mm]

≥ 10 < 5 any

≥ 3,0 ≤ 14 ≤ 24

≥ 2 ≤ 20 ≤ 12

≥ 1,5 ≤ 25 ≤ 8

≥ 1,0 ≤ 33 ≤8


PART 26 – ANNEX I

2021

ANNEX I


APPLICATION FOR APPROVAL

OF SHIPYARD / WELDING SHOP TO

PERFORM WELDING WORKS IN SHIPBUILDING AND THE MACHINERY

COMPONENTS THEREOF

In accordance with the Rules for the classification of ships of the Croatian Register of Shipping, Part 26 - Welding

we Company:

Address:

hereby make application to the CRS for approval together with following documents:

Nature of the approval sought Approval for

shipyard/welding shop Extension

1. Application from shipyard/welding shop

2. Description of shipyard/welding shop in accordance with Appendix II 1)

3. "Range of application" appendix(es) to description of shipyard/welding

shop 1)

4. Proof of qualifications for welding supervisor(s) 1)

5. List of qualified welders 1)

6. Descriptions of welding procedures (WPS) 1)

7. List of qualified welding procedures 1)

8. List of inspection (supervising) personnel 1)

9. Other proofs, approvals (e.g. proof of compliance with the quality re-

quirements: 1)

- in accordance with HRN EN ISO 3834-2, or 1)

- in accordance with HRN EN ISO 3834-3 or 1)

- in accordance with HRN EN ISO 3834-4 1)

Note:

1) Only if changes have been made since first approval.

Place, Date Applicant


PART 26 - ANNEX II

2021

ANNEX II


DESCRIPTION OF SHIPYARD/WORKSHOP FOR APPROVAL

TO PERFORM WELDING WORKS IN

SHIPBUILDING AND THE MACHINERY COMPONENTS THEREOF

SHIPYARD/

WORKSHOP

Address:

Telephone: Fax: e-mail:

Responsible person:

Range of welding work:

1. WELDING PERSONNEL

1.1 Supervisor(s)

(welding engineer, welding technician, foreman)

1.2 qualified welders

a) Certificates and records, renewal, withdrawal

b) Welders file

c) Intervals and shop control of welders

d) Welders activities to Certificate

e) Welders marks

f) Promotion of welders, new welders

g) Supervision of the welders performance

h) Existing number of welders

2. WELDING CONSUMABLES

2.1 Warehouse

a) Records (input-output)

b) Drying

c) Dispatch


PART 26 - ANNEX II

2021

2.2 Type of welding consumables

3. BASE MATERIALS, (PLATES, PROFILES, PIPES)

3.1 Warehouse

a) Records

b) Marking

3.2 Grade of material

4. WELDING EQUIPMENT

4.1 Electric sources

a) Types (prospectus)

b) Records (file of sources)

c) Maintenance (with respect to the Protection at Work Requirements and technological performance properties)

d) Number of existing electrical sources

4.2 Welding equipment

a) Control units for MIG/MAG, TIG, plasma, SMAW

4.3 Welding jigs

a) Positioners

b) Turnovers

c) Other

5. PERFORMED WELDING PROCEDURES AND WELDERS QUALIFICATION TESTS

5.1 Performed welding procedure qualification tests

5.2 Performed welders qualification tests

6. SUPERVISION AND CONTROL

6.1 Organisational scheme and control position


PART 26 - ANNEX II

2021

6.2 Non-destructive examination of welds (internal)

6.3 Qualifications of supervising personnel

6.4 Non-destructive examination of welds (external)

7. DOCUMENTATION

7.1 Workshop documentation and its review from the technological point of view

7.2 Technological instructions (instruction sheets) for integral welding

7.3 Scope and method of welded joints examination

8. MISCELLANEOUS

8.1 Heat treatment (equipment)

8.2 Protection at work with respect to welding

9. REFERENCES

Welding supervisor:

Place, date, Name

Rules for the classification of ships, Part 26 - Welding, edition ...

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