Resilience and Connectivity in the California Water Network - cwemf
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Connectivity and Resilience in California Water Infrastructure Erik Porse UC Davis Civil and Environmental Engineering CWEMF 25 February 2014
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Transcript of Resilience and Connectivity in the California Water Network - cwemf
Connectivity and Resilience in
California Water Infrastructure
Erik Porse UC Davis
Civil and Environmental Engineering
CWEMF
25 February 2014
Resilience & Water Resources
• Hashimoto (1982): Resiliency, reliability, and
vulnerability
• Fiering (1982): Indices
• Loucks (1997): Sustainability Index, with resilience
New Bullards Bar Dam
Connectivity and Resilience
• Resilience: conceptions across fields
– Engineering: Stability
– Ecology: Non-linearity and change
– Security: Hardening and protection
• Connectivity
– Diversity of function between
and within scales
• Networks
– Visualization
– Metrics
3
Sources: Holling (1973), Peterson et al (1998), Freeman (1977), Barthélemy (2011), Kansky (1963)
Food Webs (credit: Portland Schools)
The Internet (credit: UBC) Transportation (Strano et al 2012)
Visualizing Networks
Credit: CALVIN
Credit: CALVIN
Credit: UC Davis, CIPIC
California Water Network: CALVIN
5
Central Dominance and Efficiency
Central Point Dominance:
Average difference in node
centrality of the most central
point and all others
Average Path Length:
Average distance between
two nodes, for all nodes.
Shorter avg. path lengths
indicate more efficient
networks
CALVIN: Breaking the Network
6
0
5
10
15
20
25
0
0.005
0.01
0.015
0.02
0.025
0.03
Fu
ll C
ALV
IN N
etw
ork
CA
Aq
ued
uct
Sacr
am
en
to
San
Jo
aq
uin
Feath
er
Fri
an
t-K
ern
Delt
a-M
en
do
ta
Delt
a
Hetc
h H
etc
hy A
q.
Mo
kelu
mn
e A
q.
LA
Aq
ued
uct
Co
lora
do
R. A
q.
Rivers Canals Bay Area Los
Angeles
Removed Nodes
Avera
ge P
ath
Len
gth
(Dash
ed
lin
e)
Cen
tral
Po
int
Do
min
an
ce
(So
lid
lin
e)
Effects of Cumulative Node Removal on
Dominance and Efficiency
Sources: Freeman (1977), Albert and Barabasi (2002), Latora and Marchiori (2001)
0
5
10
15
20
25
0
0.005
0.01
0.015
0.02
0.025
0.03
Fu
ll C
ALV
IN N
etw
ork
CA
Aq
ued
uct
Sacr
am
en
to
San
Jo
aq
uin
Feath
er
Fri
an
t-K
ern
Delt
a-M
en
do
ta
Delt
a
Hetc
h H
etc
hy A
q.
Mo
kelu
mn
e A
q.
LA
Aq
ued
uct
Co
lora
do
R. A
q.
Rivers Canals Bay Area Los
Angeles
Removed Nodes
Avera
ge P
ath
Len
gth
(Dash
ed
lin
e)
Cen
tral
Po
int
Do
min
an
ce
(So
lid
lin
e)
Effects of Cumulative Node Removal on
Dominance and Efficiency
Central Dominance and Efficiency
Tradeoffs: Breaking the Network
7 Sources: Freeman (1977), Albert and Barabasi (2002), Latora and Marchiori (2001)
Credit: CALVIN, UC Davis
Node Centrality:
Higher node centrality
indicates more critical
nodes
Node Proximity:
How close a node is
to surrounding nodes
in network structure
Smaller Networks: Bay Area
8
High
Medium
Low
Node Centrality
Node Proximity
High
Low
Network Insights
• Identify system components
– Metrics and visualizations
• Important CALVIN links:
– Upstream Central Valley rivers & canals
– Central CA Aqueduct sections
– Sacramento River
– Friant-Kern & Delta Mendota
• Flexible approach
– Many models use links and nodes
Urban Aqueduct, Paris
Erik Porse Ph.D. Candidate + NSF REACH IGERT Trainee
University of California, Davis [email protected]
Oroville Dam
