Report on Collection of Building Drawings and Related ...

Earthquake Safety Solutions (ESS)

Report on Collection of Building Drawings and Related Information for Earthquake Risk

Assessment of Kathmandu Valley Activity 3 and 4

Submitted to:

ORIENTAL CONSULTANTS GLOBAL Co.Ltd. and OYO INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION JV JICA project Team, Kathmandu, Nepal

Submitted by:

EARTHQUAKE SAFETY SOLUTIONS Bhaisepati Residential Area, Sainbu, Lalitpur GPO Box: 13775, Kathmandu, Nepal Telephone: (977-1) 55 90664 Fax: (977-1) 55 92 692 E-mail: [email protected] http://www.eqsafety.com.np

March 2016

mailto:[email protected]

http://www.eqsafety.com.np/


TABLE OF CONTENT

1 Introduction ............................................................................................................. 1

1.1 General .......................................................................................................... 1

1.2 Objectives of work .......................................................................................... 1

1.3 Scope of Work ............................................................................................... 1

1.4 Approach / Methodology ................................................................................ 1

1.4.1 Building Typology ............................................................................................. 1

1.4.2 Site Visit and Preparation of Drawings ............................................................ 2

1.4.3 Collection of Material Information .................................................................... 2

1.4.4 Load Calculation .............................................................................................. 3

1.4.5 Collection of Damage Information.................................................................... 3

2 General Informations on Collected Drawings ....................................................... 4

2.1 Activity 3– Historical Building ......................................................................... 4

2.1.1 Indrayani Dyochhen building ............................................................................ 4

2.2 Activity 4– Governmental Buildings ................................................................ 7

2.2.1 Governmental Building ..................................................................................... 7

2.2.2 Municipality Building ...................................................................................... 12

ANNEXES .......................................................................................................................... 18

Annex 1. Damage grade for masonry building based on EMS-98 ..................................................... 18

Annex 2. Damage grade for reinforced concrete building based on EMS-98 ................................... 19

Annex 3. Photograph showing core cutting in government building .................................................. 20

Annex 4. Laboratory Report of Core test of concrete ........................................................................ 25

Annex 5. Drawings ............................................................................................................................. 26

A Report on Collection of Building Drawings and Related Information for Earthquake Risk Assessment of

Kathmandu Valley 1


1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 General JICA project team is implementing a project "Assessment of Earthquake Disaster Risk for Kathmandu Valley in Nepal". The main purpose of the project is the seismic risk assessment and the formulation of disaster risk management plan. In order to have idea on seismic performance of existing buildings, it is required to know the basic structural information, material properties and plan and elevations of representatives of existing buildings.

This report is on the collection of building drawings and related information of the representative of existing buildings for historical(traditional), governmental and municipality building in Kathmandu Valley of Activity 3 and Activity 4 as explained in Terms of Reference (TOR). This report is prepared by Earthquake Safety Solutions (ESS) as a part of contractual agreement between JICA Project team and ESS.

1.2 Objectives of work The main purpose of this task is to collect building drawings of representative buildings in Kathmandu Valley and materials testing and other related informations.

1.3 Scope of Work 1. To collect the architectural and structural drawings of historical building (Activity 3).

2. To calculate dead load and live load details on the floor of the building (kN/m2)

3. To calculate seismic weight of all the buildings.

4. To collect material properties of governmental building only (Activity 4.1).

5. To collect information about the concrete and rebar strength for governmental building only.

1.4 Approach / Methodology The methodology adopted for the collection of building material and drawings is described in the following section.

1.4.1 Building Typology Different typology of buildings can be found in Kathmandu Valley. To determine the earthquake risk of Kathmandu Valley, it is necessary to identify the typical building typology and their material properties. The typology of buildings that is prevalent in Kathmandu Valley is also identified by the JICA project team. The identified building typology according to use of building are as follows:

1. Residential Buildings

a. Adobe

b. Brick Masonry in Mud Mortar

c. Brick Masonry in Cement Mortar

d. RC Soft Story Building by Non-Engineered Construction

e. RC framed by Engineered Construction

2 A Report on Collection of Building Drawings and Related Information for Earthquake Risk Assessment of

Kathmandu Valley


f. RC Frame High rise by Engineered Construction

2. School Building/Hospital Building

a. Brick Masonry School Building

b. Engineered RC Hospital Building

3. Historical Building

4. Governmental Building

1.4.2 Site Visit and Preparation of Drawings The building drawings of identified typology was collected from different sources. Some drawings are prepared from archive of ESS that were prepared during Seismic Vulnerability Assessment of Buildings, some are prepared by conducting site survey and measurements at site and some are collected from municipality. The list of drawings collected from archive, site survey and municipality are listed in the Table 1:

Table 1: Sources of information for different building typology

S.N Typology Remarks

1 Adobe Site survey and measurement

2 Brick Masonry in Mud Mortar From archive

3 Brick Masonry in Cement Mortar From archive

4 RC soft story with non-engineered construction From archive

5 RC Framed by engineered construction From municipality

6 RC Frame high rise by engineered construction From the owner

7 Brick Masonry school building From archive

8 RC Frame Hospital Building From archive

9 Historical Building Site survey and Measurement

10 Government Building JICA Project Team

1.4.3 Collection of Material Information The material information such as mortar strength in masonry building and concrete strength and rebar yield strength in Reinforced Frame building is collected from different source. The mortar strength for cement mortar and mud mortar are collected from the archive of ESS. Concrete strength for Non-engineered RC construction is assumed and is based on experience while for RC engineered construction is design based. A core cutter test is carried out to determine the concrete strength in RC governmental building.


Kathmandu Valley 3


1.4.4 Load Calculation The lumped load method is used for calculation of seismic weight. The seismic weight is calculated for each floor.

1.4.5 Collection of Damage Information No survey forms were used for damage information collection. However, with visual assessment of some possible identified buildings were done and based on visual assessment and using Damage Classification by EMS, damage grades were also identified. Damage grade for buildings collected from Municipality were not specified.


Kathmandu Valley


2 GENERAL INFORMATIONS ON COLLECTED DRAWINGS The location of all the buildings of Activity 3 and Activity 4 are shown in the google map as in the Figure 1.

Figure 1. Location of the buildings for Activity 3 and Activity 4

For the historical building in Activity 3, the as built drawing details of structural and non-structural members are produced, also the seismic weight of the building is calculated along with lump load at each floor level.

For the Governmental building in Activity 4.1, the material properties of the structural element are found out taking the sample core from the columns of the building and conducting the compressive test of sample cores. The rebar size and distribution is determined by exposing the concrete cover. The seismic weight along with the lump load at each storey level is also calculated.

For the Municipality building in Activity 4.2 only the seismic weight of the building along with the lump load at each floor level is calculated from the drawings that has been provided by JICA project team.

2.1 Activity 3– Historical Building

2.1.1 Indrayani Dyochhen building

2.1.1.1 General Description

The selected building is a 3 story historical building. The wall of the building is brick masonry with mud mortar joints. The roof of the building at present condition is a CGI roof which is supported by the wooden truss and beams. The main wall is 600mm thick. The selected building is typical in historical buildings found in Kathmandu Valley. The following are the building description:


Kathmandu Valley 5


Location Bhaktpur Durbar Square, Bhaktpur Nepal

East View of the Building

South View of the Building

G.P.S. 27°40'21.03"N

85°25'36.80"E

Terrain type Plain terrain

Construction year Reconstructed after 1932 earthquake

Type of structure Brick masonry with mud mortar joints

No of stories 3

Plan configuration Regular

Vertical configuration Regular

Height up to ceiling 2.635m

Floor area

Ground Floor: 83.78 sq.m

First Floor: 83.78 sq.m

Second Floor: 83.78

Wall thickness 600mm, 450mm

Shear strength of the Mortar joint

0.11 Mpa (derived from the shear test done on the brick masonry with mud mortar joint building)

Floor/ Roof structure Flexible floor of bamboo and mud, CGI roof.

2.1.1.2 Structural performance

This type of building is very weak in shear, tension and compression. Separation of walls at corner and junctions takes place easily under ground shaking. The cracks pass through the poor joints.

The drawings are given in the Annex 5.

2.1.1.3 Damage caused by Gorkha earthquake

Hairline cracks in the walls of the building. Damage grade is identified is DG1 as per EMS-98.

2.1.1.4 Load details

Dead Load

The dead load on floor = 4.13 kN/m2

Live Load

The live load for the floor is LL = 2.5kN/m2


Kathmandu Valley


Seismic weight

Lumped mass at floor level

Dead Load

(kN)

25% of Live Load (kN)

Total Lumped Load

(kN)

1st Floor 1161.79 52.36 1214.15

2nd Floor 946.25 52.36 998.61

3rd Floor 203.03 13.43 216.46

The typical floor plan of the historical building is shown in the Figure 2

Figure 2. Floor plan of the historical building

The floor area of each floor of the building is given in Table 2:

Table 2: Floor area of historical building

Floor Area (sq.m)

Ground Floor 83.78

First Floor 83.78

Second Floor 83.78


Kathmandu Valley 7


2.2 Activity 4– Governmental Buildings

2.2.1 Governmental Building The selected building (Provided by the JICA project team) is a governmental building located inside the premises of the Singha Durbar. It is the Ministry of Physical Infrastructure and Transport. In this building the strength of the material was determined by taking out the core from the structural elements and conducting the compressive test of the sample cores in the laboratory. The drawings of the building were provided by JICA project team and the calculation of the seismic weight and lump load at floor level were done by ESS.

Location Inside the premises of Singha Durbar, Kathmandu

Structural gap with the adjacent block

G.P.S. 27°41'43.02"N

85°19'33.59"E


Type of structure RC Moment Resisting frame

No of stories 5



Height up to ceiling 3.30 m

Floor area 263.98 sq.m (all floors)

Column Size: 500mm X 500mm

450mm X 350mm (see 2.2.1.3 for details)

Concrete strength 16.3 Mpa ground floor (From core test)

19.9 Mpa first floor (From core test)

Structural Gap with adjacent block 75mm gap

Floor/ Roof structure Rigid Floor


Dead load

The dead load due to RC slab = 3.125kN/m2

Finish load = 1.0 kN/m2

Dead load due to 225mm thick full wall = 11.97 kN/m


Kathmandu Valley


Dead load due to 115 mm thick full wall = 6.118 kN/m

Live load


Seismic weight


Dead Load

(kN)


Total Lumped Load

(kN)

1st Floor level 2835.085 164.98 3000.065

2nd Floor level 2796.0 164.98 2960.98

3rd Floor level 2708.35 164.98 2873.33

Top Floor level 2820.26 132.0 2952.26

The typical floor plan of the government building is shown in Figure 3.

Figure 3. Floor plan of the government building


Kathmandu Valley 9


The floor area of each floor of the building is given in Table 3:

Table 3: Floor area of each floor of the government building

Floor Area (sq.m)

Ground Floor 263.98

First Floor 263.98

Second Floor 263.98

Third Floor 263.98

Top Floor 263.98

Roof 32.71


No structural cracks were seen, many hairline cracks in between the joint of structural member with the infill walls were seen. The observed damage grade is DG1 according to EMS-98.

2.2.1.3 Material

Rebar

Yield Strength of Rebar: 415 Mpa

The typical drawings of the two types of the column with size 500 X 500 mm (in the middle grid) and 450 X350 mm (on the outer grid) is shown in Figure 4 & Figure 5.

Figure 4. Typical column details for columns in the middle grid(Grid C-15,16,17,18,19)

Figure 5. Typical column details for columns in the outer edge grids (grid A, grid B, grid C’, grid D, grid C-14, 20)


Kathmandu Valley


Due to inaccessibility only one face of the column was exposed and due to the high depth of concrete cover only the places where the main bars and the ties run were exposed.

Figure 6. Exposing of the cover of the column where the bars run through

Figure 7. Figure showing high depth of the concrete cover and the reinforcement exposed after removal of the cover


Kathmandu Valley 11


Concrete

Compressive strength of the concrete is determined by taking out core samples from columns and conducting the compressive test in the laboratory. The determined compressive strength is given in Table 4: and the laboratory report is attached in Annex 4.

Table 4: Floor area of each floor of the government building

Core from Column grid

Floor Compressive Strength (N/mm2)

D19 Ground floor 16.3

D18 First Floor 19.9

The photograph during the core cutting work in the government building is shown in Annex 3.

Figure 8. Location of the column from which core is extracted in ground floor


Kathmandu Valley


Figure 9. Location of column from which core is extracted and bars are exposed in first floor

2.2.2 Municipality Building The selected building is a Lalitpur municipality building located in Pulchowk, Lalitpur. It is a 5 storied RC building.

As suggested by JICA Project team, the site survey for concrete cores and chipping of the columns were not done for this building. But, lumped load for each floor level is calculated through using the as built drawing provided by JICA project team. The material information are also extracted from the report provided by JICA project team.

Location Pulchowk, Lalitpur, Nepal

G.P.S. 27°40'35.41"N

85°19'0.63"E


Type of structure RC Moment Resisting frame

No of stories 5

Construction year 1992 A.D.



Kathmandu Valley 13



Height up to ceiling 4.268m at Ground Floor

3.5 m at First Floor and above. (as per as build drawing)

Floor area

804.54 sq.m (Ground and First floor)

745.62 sq.m (Second floor)

748.54 sq.m (Third floor)

923.86 sq.m (Fourth floor)

Column Size:

600mm X 600mm on the ground floor

500mm X 500mm on the first to third floor

350mm X 350mm on the top floor

Concrete strength (Based on existing construction Report) Avg. concrete cubic strength (30 days): 23.83 Mpa

Rebar properties (Based on existing construction Report)

Specified Yield Strength: 295 N/mm2

Avg. Tensile Strength: 596.8 N/mm2

Safe Bearing Capacity of Soil (Based on existing construction Report)

At the depth of 1.8m from ground level with size of 1.5m X 1.5m SBC = 112 kN/m2

Floor/ Roof structure Rigid Floor

2.2.2.1 Used Design Code

Analysis – IS 1893- 1975 was followed for design seismic load

Base Shear Vb=C*αh*W

Where, C= coefficient defining flexibility of structure depending upon fundamental time period

αh= design seismic coefficient

W= Seismic weight of the building

Design seismic coefficient αh = B*I*α

B= coefficient depending upon soil foundation system

I = coefficient depending upon importance of the structure (important structures such as hospitals, schools and others are kept as 1.5 whereas other buildings are kept as 1)

I= 1 (As per the codes used)

α = basic horizontal seismic coefficient


Kathmandu Valley



The damage information was not collected as the site survey was not conducted. However, information provided by JICA project team, the damage grade is identified as DG1 according to EMS-98.


Dead load

The dead load due to RC slab = 3.75kN/m2

The dead load due to Floor finish = 1.5 kN/m2

Dead load due to full wall of 230mm thick = 11.97 kN/m

Dead load due to full wall of 115mm thick = 6.118 kN/m

Live Load


Seismic weight


Dead Load

(kN)


Total Lumped Load

(kN)

1st Floor level 8528.124 502.83 9030.954

2nd Floor level 7903.572 466.01 8369.58

3rd Floor level 7936.22 467.93 8404.15

Top Floor level 9700.53 461.93 10162.46

The typical floor plan of the selected municipality building is shown in Figure 10


Kathmandu Valley 15


Figure 10. Floor plan of the municipality building

The floor area of each floor of the building is given in the Table 5:

Table 5: Floor area of each floor of municipality building

Floor Area for the centre block (sq.m)

Ground Floor 680.40

First Floor 720.41

Second Floor 467.13

Third Floor 467.13

Top Floor 514.80

2.2.2.4 Column Details

The typical column schedule in the ground floor of the building in the middle grid is shown below with the key plan and the column schedule.


Kathmandu Valley


Figure 11. Figure showing the grid of column


Kathmandu Valley 17


Figure 12. Figure showing details of column in grid C


Kathmandu Valley


ANNEXES

ANNEX 1. DAMAGE GRADE FOR MASONRY BUILDING BASED ON EMS-98

Grade

1: Negligible to slight damage

Structural damage: No Non-structural damage: Slight

Hair-line cracks in very few walls. Fall of small pieces of plaster only. Fall of loose stones from upper parts of buildings in very few cases.

Grade

2: Moderate damage

Structural damage: Slight Non-structural damage: Moderate

Cracks in many walls. Fall of fairly large pieces of plaster. Partial collapse of chimneys.

Grade 3: Substantial to heavy

damage

Structural damage: Moderate Non-structural damage: Heavy

Large and extensive cracks in most walls. Roof tiles detach. Chimneys fracture at the roof line; failure of individual non-structural elements (partitions, gable walls).

Grade 4: Very heavy

damage

Structural damage: Heavy Non-structural damage: Very heavy

Serious failure of walls; partial structural failure of roofs and floors.

Grade 5: Destruction

Structural damage: very heavy

Total or near total collapse.


Kathmandu Valley 19


ANNEX 2. DAMAGE GRADE FOR REINFORCED CONCRETE BUILDING BASED ON EMS-98

Classification of damage to buildings of reinforced concrete

Grade 1: Negligible to slight damage

Structural damage: No Non-structural damage: Slight

Fine cracks in plaster over frame members or in walls at

the base. Fine cracks in partitions and infills.

Grade 2: Moderate damage

Structural damage: Slight Non-structural damage: Moderate

Cracks in columns and beams of frames and in structural walls.

Cracks in partition and infill walls; fall of brittle cladding and plaster.

Falling of mortar from the joints of wall panels.

Grade 3: Substantial to heavy damage

Structural damage: Moderate Non-structural damage: Heavy

Cracks in columns and beam column joints of frames at the base and at joints of coupled walls.

Spalling of concrete cover, buckling of reinforced bars. Large cracks in partition and infill walls, failure of

individual infill panels.

Grade 4: Very heavy damage

Structural damage: Heavy Non-structural damage: Very heavy

Large cracks in structural elements with compression failure of concrete and fracture of re-bars; bond failure of beam reinforced bars; tilting of columns.

Collapse of a few columns or of a single upper floor.

Grade 5: Destruction

Structural damage: very heavy

Collapse of ground floor or parts (e.g. wings) of buildings.


Kathmandu Valley


ANNEX 3. PHOTOGRAPH SHOWING CORE CUTTING IN GOVERNMENT BUILDING

Figure 14. Cutting out the plaster from the face of the column.

Figure 15. Detection of rebar using Ferro scan detector


Kathmandu Valley 21


Figure 16. Marking the exact location of the rebar

Figure 17. Fixing the core cutter in the exactly marked location where it doesn’t touch the rebar


Kathmandu Valley


Figure 18. Extraction of the core after cutting

Figure 19. Measurement of the extracted core from the column


Kathmandu Valley 23


Figure 20. Weighing of the capped core before testing


Kathmandu Valley


Figure 21. Testing of the concrete core taken from the ground floor column(D18)


Kathmandu Valley 25


ANNEX 4. LABORATORY REPORT OF CORE TEST OF CONCRETE


Kathmandu Valley


ANNEX 5. DRAWINGS

HISTORICAL (TRADITIONAL) BUILDING

INDRAYANI DYOCHHEN

AT

BHAKTAPUR DURBAR SQUARE,

BHAKTAPUR, NEPAL

0 of 12Scale 1:100

600150 1320 150 1225 150 1270 140 1260 140 1260 140 1250 140 1280 140600

585 5350 530 850 1200 650 1320 130600

10030

600 600 1070 670 1670 950 600

1670 670 1717 903 340 4730 600

10030

60015

012

0014

012

0014

012

0014

012

0014

011

4014

020

70

1410

5170

2730

270

190

210

310

220

9310

6001

4011

6011

0600

690

1630

1880

600

1410

3700

790

1430

1980

A B C D

4

3

2

1

A B C D

4

3

2

1

5300 2680 1450

5300 2680 1450

3100

2070

2205

3100

2070

2205

7900

600

600

600

340600 2080 600 850 600

450

7300

2500

300

2500

600

GROUND FLOOR PLANPLINTH AREA = 83.78 sq.m.

including veranda

ASEC

ASEC

MD

DW

O1 O2

CG

±00

+75 +230

+305

+305

1 of 12Scale 1:100

600

600

600

UP

MD

DW

O1 O2

CG

100 78 75 225 100 367 100 225 100 225 100 347 100 225 100 225 100 225 100 225 100 347 100 225 113 312 100 325 100 347 100 225 100 325 100 270 100 332 100 225 100 325 1004100 284 102 231 106 226 113 217 122 207 133 199 70

150 1320 150 1225 150 1270 140 1263 137 1260 140 1250 140 1280 140

7520

412

625

411

828

610

727

110

217

610

439

410

036

610

027

210

022

210

054

410

022

210

022

210

022

210

022

210

022

210

022

210

022

210

027

210

054

310

028

410

028

410

028

410

028

410

028

410

0

150

1200

140

1200

140

1200

140

1200

140

1140

140

100

284

100

284

100

284

100

284

100

284

100

284

100

284

100

284

100

284

100

247

100

100 332 100 240 100 275 100 270 105 229 100 229 100 229 100 284 100 284 100

140

1160

110

FIRST FLOOR WOODEN BEAM PLAN

284 100 284 100 321 100

4730

2010

3850

2050

3380

2 of 12Scale 1:40

A B D

4

3

2

1

A B D

4

3

2

1

450 1280 2240 1566 750 1280 450

1730 4294 115 1045 115 2281 450

10030

4503830450450

4730112072011206701670

10030

450

1660

750

1535

750

1700

770

1190

450

2110

2285

750

1700

770

1640

9255

1670 670 1120 720 1120

420

4155

450

5055

1445

750

2005

1445

750

1555

459

2205

2070

3100

41305300

41305300

2205

2070

3100

9255

UP

CG

CG

FIRST FLOOR PLANFLOOR AREA = 83.78 sq.m.

ASEC

ASEC

D

W2 W3 W2750 1264

W8

W8

W8W2

W2W4

3 of 12Scale 1:100

600

600

600

UP

MD

DW

O1 O2

CG

100 78 75 225 100 367 100 225 100 225 100 347 100 225 100 225 100 225 100 225 100 347 100 225 113 312 100 325 100 347 100 225 100 325 100 270 100 332 100 225 100 325 1004100 284 102 231 106 226 113 217 122 207 133 199 70

150 1320 150 1225 150 1270 140 1263 137 1260 140 1250 140 1280 140

7520

412

625

411

828

610

727

110

217

610

439

410

036

610

027

210

022

210

054

410

022

210

022

210

022

210

022

210

022

210

022

210

022

210

027

210

054

310

028

410

028

410

028

410

028

410

028

410

0

150

1200

140

1200

140

1200

140

1200

140

1140

140

100

284

100

284

100

284

100

284

100

284

100

284

100

284

100

284

100

284

100

247

100

100 332 100 240 100 275 100 270 105 229 100 229 100 229 100 284 100 284 100

140

1160

110

FIRST FLOOR WOODEN BEAM PLAN

284 100 284 100 321 100

4730

2010

3850

2050

3380

4 of 12Scale 1:40

A B D

4

3

2

1

A B D

4

3

2

1

450 1195 920 2000 2000 920 1195 450

1560

10030

4503830450450

473011206701670

10030

450

1250

985

1600

900

1660

770

1525

115

1700

985

2500

1660

770

1640

9255

1220 670 1120 720 1120

450

450

5055

1835

900

1465

935

900

900

450

2205

2100

3100

41305300

41305300

2205

2070

3100

9255

UP

900

920 2000 900 2000 920 1645

1120

900

115

720

TOP FLOOR PLANFLOOR AREA = 83.78 sq.m.

ASEC

ASEC

W5 W5 W5

W5

W5

W2

W5

W5

W7W6

450

2495

900

5 of 12Scale 1:100

WOODEN TRUSS PLAN

900

11830

1019

9

1781

11830

900

4605

3185

1019

9

450

900

5505

10480 450 900

8355

450

115

115

90045020494509003950450900

ASEC

ASEC

6 of 12Scale 1:100

ROOF PLAN

3157 2168 1000 2374 3131

11830

3385

7585

1097

0

3131339921433157

11830

2885

3812

4273

1097

0

1000

1000

W2

W1

W4

W3

MD

D

O1

O2

CG

W5

W6

W7

W8

7 of 12Scale 1:100

EAST ELEVATION 8 of 12Scale 1:50

WEST ELEVATION 9 of 12Scale 1:50

NORTH ELEVATION 10 of 12Scale 1:50

SOUTH ELEVATION 11 of 12Scale 1:50

±000

+2635

+4810

+6750

GL

-375

+505

+3110

+5335

+7255

+275

+5965

+4210

+2135

+11345

+275+200

+7005

SECTION AT A-A

SCALE 1:10DETAIL AT A

75 X 75 mm Lintel Band120 X 140 mm Wooden Beam75 mm Irregular wooden Battens60 mm Flat Bricks Soling90 mm Soil and Finishing Material

40 mm Wooden Plank Partition

12 of 12Scale 1:50

ORIENTAL CONSULTANTS GLOBAL (OCG) The Project for Assessment of Earthquake Disaster Risk for the Kathmandu

Valley in Nepal 4th Floor, Ghangri Hotel, Boudha Road

Kathmandu, Nepal

FFIINNAALL RREEPPOORRTT

On

TThhee PPooppuullaattiioonn,, SSoocciiaall aanndd EEccoonnoommiicc SSttaattiissttiiccss DDaattaa aanndd BBaasseelliinnee SSuurrvveeyy

May, 2016 Submitted By: Full Bright Consultancy (Pvt.) Ltd. 316 Baburam Acharya Sadak, Sinamangal, Kathmandu, Nepal Tel: 44 68749 and 44 68118 Fax: ++ 977-1-44 65604 E-mail: [email protected]

B

C

F

mailto:[email protected].

Table of Contents 1. Background ................................................................................. 1

2. Scope of Works ........................................................................... 1

3. Adopted Approach and Methodologies ..................................... 4

4. Activity Wise Output ................................................................... 5

5. Activity 1: Population Distribution ......................................... 5

6. Activity 2: Social & Economic Statistics ............................. 12

7. Activity 3 & 4: HH Survey and Community Survey ............. 32

Annexes Annexes related to Activity 1

Annex 1.1: Wardwise Population Projection for Kathmandu Annex 1.2: Wardwise Population Projection for Lalitpur Annex 1.3: Wardwise Population Projection for Bhaktapur Annex 1.4: Wardwise Population Projection for Kathmandu Valley

Annexes related to Activity 2

Annex 2.1: Consumption of Electricity in Kathmandu Valley Annex 2.2: Consumption of Petroleum Products in Kathmandu Valley Annex 2.3: Total Consumption of Temporary Population of Kathmandu Valley Annex 2.4: Increasing number of buildings and its distribution of ward-wise level at 2026 and 2036

Annex related to Activities 3 & 4

Annex 3.1: Questionnaire for Household and Community Survey Annex 3.2: Maps for Community Survey Annex 3.3: Output Tables for Activity 3 and 4 Annex 3.4: Unit Cost Calculation

The Population, Social and Economic Statistics Data and Baseline Survey Final Report

Submitted by: Full Bright Consultancy (Pvt.) Ltd. Page 1

1. Background The JICA has been implementing a Project on “Project for Assessment of Earthquake Disaster Risk for Kathmandu Valley in Nepal”. The seismic risk assessment and the formulation of disaster risk management plan are one of the main parts of this Project. In order to have basic information for the assessment of potential human damage, social and economic impact caused by scenario earthquakes as well as the development of disaster risk management plan, this assignment on, “The Population, Social and Economic Statistics Data and Baseline Survey” has been conducted in Feb - May 2016 by the Consultant Team of Full Bright Consultancy (Pvt.) Ltd., for and in behalf of the JICA Team‟s Oriental Consultants Global (OCG) for “The Project for Assessment of Earthquake Disaster Risk for the Kathmandu Valley in Nepal.” The objectives of this survey were to :

(1) collect the current population, social and economic statistics data, (2) prediction of the population and social economic status at 2026, 2036 and (3) collection of community and personal baseline data.

The detail discussion of the overall methodology and progress has been made in the following sections: 2. Scope of Works Following is the Activity Wise ToR of works:

Activity Survey Contents Activity-1: Population Distribution

(1) Population growth rate of district and municipality of KV. (2) Ward-wise population distribution of 2016 for day-time, night-time,

weekday, holiday, summer and winter of KV. (3) Ward-wise population distribution prediction for 2026, 2036 for day-

time, night-time, weekday, holiday, summer and winter of KV. Activity-2: Social and Economic Statistics Data

Current status (2014) and Prediction (2026 and 2036) (1) Economic growth rate of past 20 years and breakdown into category

of industry and prediction of future economic growth rate for each category of industry, district and municipality

(2) Economic scale in terms of GDP and breakdown into category of industry, district, municipality and prediction at 2026 and 2036

(3) Construction cost of residential house, school, hospital, commercial and industrial facilities, road, bridge, and lifelines.

(4) Increasing number of buildings and its distribution of ward-wise level at 2026 and 2036.

(5) Seasonal features and differences of economic activities of KV. (6) Data collection regarding the tourism

Foreign exchange earnings from tourism (2001 to 2014) and prediction of foreign exchange earnings from tourism at 2026 and 2036.

Following indicators on the tourism sectors contribution to the government‟s fiscal revenue and prediction at 2026 and 2036. Internal commodity tax revenue collection



Activity Survey Contents VAT(tourism services) Administrative fees (immigration and tourism) Non-tax revenue Visa fees Mountain trekking fees Pollution control fees Other tourism fees

Registered hotel accommodation in Nepal by category and

capacity, 2014 and prediction at 2026 and 2036 Other tourism related firms and service providers, 2014 and

prediction at 2026 and 2036 (Tourist guides, Trekking guides, River guides, Tourist police, Paragliding company, Ultra-light company, Skydiving, Domestic airlines, International airlines

Seasonal changes of number of tourists in major tourist site (domestic, foreign), average expenditure per tourist (domestic, foreign) at 2014 and prediction at 2026 and 2036

Number of people engaged in the tourism industry at 2014 and prediction at 2026 and 2036.

Activity-3: Community Profile

A: Basic Information (1) Location of the community (boundary of the community in the map) (2) Number of population and households, and population growth trend (3) Population by age, gender, ethnic groups, caste, religions, and

economic situation (4) Number of vulnerable population (disabled, foreigners, and travelers) (5) Structure of community, authority, leadership, and caste (6) Characteristics of community (year of first settlement, type of

settlement: traditional village, developed by government, or developed by private company, etc., geological condition: commercial, residential, paddy field, mountainous area, economic activities: agriculture, home industry, tourist business, small business, etc.)

(7) Land use status (8) Social condition (average literacy rate, poverty rate, infant mortality

rate, and unemployment rate) (9) Current condition of infrastructure and lifeline (pavement of road,

electricity distribution, coverage of water supply, coverage of gas supply, penetration of land phone, cell-phone, and internet, sewage)

(10) Number of school by levels (kindergarten, elementary, secondary, college, university, etc.)

(11) Number of medical facilities by types (hospitals, clinics, healthcare centers, drugstores, etc.)

B: Information on disasters and disaster risk management (1) Brief outline of the disaster condition in the community (main/ frequent

disasters) (2) List of past major disasters (date, scale, and damage) (3) Community organizations (social cooperative system, groups,

activities, etc.) (4) Organizations for disaster risk management and their activities (ex.

Community disaster management committee: CDMC) (5) Facilities for disaster risk management in the community (designation

of evacuation sites/shelters, community hazard/risk map, early warning information dissemination devices, search and rescue equipments, etc.)

(6) Current issues and problems on disasters and disaster risk management in the community

(7) Expectation and request to the governments for disaster risk



Activity Survey Contents management in the community

(8) Necessary countermeasures and activities for disaster risk management in the community Note: the community profile shall be collected by review of the existing documents and data and interview to community leaders or representatives of resident organization for 3 communities each in 3 pilot municipalities (total 9 communities). Before starting the interview survey, sub-contractor needs to get the approval of the Consultant on the questionnaire sheet (items). The data of all responses should be compiled and aggregated by each question and submitted to the Consultant. Take pictures during interview survey in each interview and submit the data to the Consultant.

Activity-4: Personal Profile

A: Basic Information (1) Family structure, income source of the family, and caste (2) Age, gender, ethnic group, education level, and occupation B: Information on disasters and disaster risk management (1) Type of house (structure: masonry, wood or RC frame, wall: brick,

stone, wood, etc., construction year, ownership: self/family-owned, rent, lodging, etc.)

(2) Damage situation of the house by the earthquake of April/May 2015 (completely collapsed, partially collapsed, lightly damaged, no damage, etc.)

(3) Past experience of disasters (4) Education of disasters and disaster risk management in the schools

(own experience) (5) Participation to disaster management activities in the past (types of

the activities, organizers of the activities, and satisfaction of the activities)

(6) Participation in the DRM organizations in the community (7) Knowledge on disaster risk (earthquake, flood, landslides, climate

change, and others) and disaster risk management (first aid, preparedness of the stockpile and emergency supply, community early warning, community risk assessment, community hazard/risk map, building safety, evacuation drill, etc.)

(8) Expectation and request to the governments for disaster risk management in the community

(9) Necessary countermeasures and activities for disaster risk management in the community

Note: The personal profile shall be obtained by individual interview with a questionnaire for about 180 persons in above-mentioned 9 communities (20 persons / community). Before starting the interview survey, sub-contractor needs to get the approval of the Consultant on the questionnaire sheet (items). The data of all responses should be compiled and aggregated by each question and submitted to the Consultant. Take pictures during interview in each community and submit the data to the Consultant.



3. Adopted Approach and Methodologies The Consultant Team has performed the assigned tasks, applying consultative and coordinative approach with the JICA Team. In the initial period, both teams carried out series of consultation and planning meeting for the effective delivery of the assigned tasks as envisaged in the project TOR. The Consultant Team has applied following methodologies for performing the activities wise tasks as provisioned in the Project TOR:

Applied Methodologies

Main Activities Envisaged in the Project TOR Sub-Activities carried out by the FBC Team

Collection and review of secondary data and information from relevant organizations and sources;

Guidance and consultation made from the OCG experts for sequencing the available data;

Appropriate formula for distributing the data applied; Preliminary draft of Population profile and social and

economic statistics data prepared; Consultation from local experts obtained.

Activity-1:Population Distribution

Activity-2 Social and Economic Statistics Data

Series of coordination and consultation meetings carried out with OCG team for familiarizing on the assigned task to preformed by the consultant;

Drafted English version of questionnaires after receiving a used up questionnaire in the similar study (by Ms. Kodama) and finalized incorporating the feedback and suggestion from OCG team then translated the final version of HH survey questionnaire into Nepali languages;

Developed checklists for collecting qualitative data from the community/wards level stakeholders;

Meeting with Municipality executives Jointly with the OCG team to obtain approval and executing support for the study;

Consultation Meeting with ward level staffs and DRMC for determine the sample households and community meeting for conducting baseline survey;

Recruited and trained/oriented field survey staffs for conducting baseline survey in the selected wards;

Carried out field survey through mobilizing the trained staffs;

Conducted monitoring and supervision of field survey by senior staffs of FBC for maintaining the quality data;

Developed data entry program and entered the household survey data.

Activity-3:Community Profile

Activity-4:Information on Disasters and Disaster Risk Management



4. Activity Wise Output 5. Activity 1: Population Distribution 1.1 Methodology used for the calculation of Population Growth Rate

The population growth rate of Kathmandu, Lalitpur, Bhaktapur and KV for 2016, 2026 and 2036 have been computed using the Ratio Method based on the Population Projection data 2011-2031 of Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Nepal. To compute the growth rate, the following equation has been used:

r = (Pt/P0)^(1/t)-1

Where, Pt is end year population, P0 is start year population, r is the rate of annual increase of population, and t is the time interval.

For the projection of population of 2036 of Kathmandu, Lalitpur, Bhaktapur, the Geomatric Growth Method has been applied using the formula:

[Pt = P0 (1+r)t], where Pt is latter year population, P0 is earlier year population, r is the rate of annual increase of population and t is the time interval. For the calculation of rate „r‟ r = Antilog[log (Pt/Po)/t)]-1

1.2 Methodology used for the estimation of the ward wise population The wardwise population of the all wards of Kathmandu, Lalitpur, Bhaktapur and Kathmandu Valley is computed. The actual (1990 & 2012) and possible (2020 & 2030) land use plan and urbanization process of Kathmandu Valley was obtained from KVDP/UNDP(KVDP/UNDP implemented the Comprehensive Study of Urban Growth Trend and Forecasting of Land Use in the Kathmandu Valley, and land use maps in 1990, 2000 and 2012 and simulated maps for future built-up areas in 2020 and 2030 were published as one of outputs for this study. The final report was published in November, 2013). It was later compiled/elaborated by Oriental Team in association with the FBC.



Fig 1: Consideration of the all possible urbanization process in KV

Fig-2: Built-up and non-built-up area for Kathmandu Valley



Fig-3: Ward wise Urbanization Pattern of KV from 1990 to 2030

Fig-4: Built-up area and Urbanization of KV



Based on the above observation (fig 1 to 4), the urbanization process of the Kathmandu valley is further summarized in table 1.1 and 1.2.

Table 1.1: Urbanizing Status of the wards of Kathmandu, Lalitpur and Bhaktapur (2000 to 2030)

Districts Year Total Wards Rural Urbanizing Developed

Kathmandu 2000 567 482 51 34

2012 567 390 139 38 2020 567 310 190 67 2030 567 230 180 157

Lalitpur 2000 391 358 12 21 2012 391 330 43 18 2020 391 296 72 23 2030 391 260 75 56

Bhaktapur 2000 178 157 17 4 2012 178 129 45 4 2020 178 114 59 5 2030 178 94 52 32

Kathmandu Valley 2000 1001 862 80 59 2012 1001 714 227 60 2020 1001 585 321 95 2030 1001 449 307 245

Table1.2: Consideration of all wards of Kathmandu, Lalitpur and Bhaktapur into six streams of urbanization

D=Developed, U=Urbanizing, R=Rural

Districts Year Total Wards

D-D D-U U-D U-U R-U R-R

Kathmandu 2000-2012 567 26 8 12 39 92 390 2012-2020 567 35 3 32 107 80 310 2020-2030 567 63 7 94 93 80 230

Lalitpur 2000-2012 391 18 3 0 12 28 330 2012-2020 391 17 1 6 37 34 296 2020-2030 391 23 3 33 36 36 260

Bhaktapur 2000-2012 178 2 2 2 15 28 129 2012-2020 178 3 2 2 43 14 114 2020-2030 178 4 1 28 31 20 94

Kathmandu Valley

2000-2012 1001 48 13 14 66 148 714 2012-2020 1001 57 6 40 187 128 585 2020-2030 1001 92 11 155 160 136 449

1.3 Major Findings The population projection for 2016-2036 shows that the population of Kathmandu valley will reach about 3.5 million in 2026 and 4.2 million in 2036. District wise, the population of Kathmandu will reach about 2.5 million in 2026 and 3 million in 2036, Similarly, Lalitpur district will have total population of 0.63 million in 2026 and 0.73 million in 2036, whereas Bhaktapur will have 0.40 million in 2026 and 0.46 million in 2036 (table1.3 and Chart 1). The details calculation is presented in Annex 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 and 1.4.



Table 1.3: Population projection for 2016-2036

Districts 2016 2021 2026 2031 2036

Bhaktapur 340,066 377,660 408,472 436,553 466,675 Lalitpur 525,211 585,982 635,151 680,157 733,889 Kathmandu 2,011,978 2,300,890 2,522,103 2,792,056 3,090,806 Kathmandu Valley 2,849,283 3,234,945 3,535,008 3,876,382 4,257,087

Among three districts of Kathmandu valley, high growth rate is estimated in Kathmandu followed by Lalitpur and Bhaktapur (Table 1.4 and 1.5 and Chart 2 and Chart 3).

Table1.4: Population Growth for 2016-2036

Districts 2011-2016 2016-2021 2021-2026 2026-2031 2031-2036

Bhaktapur 11.62% 11.05% 8.16% 6.87% 6.90% Lalitpur 12.19% 11.57% 8.39% 7.09% 7.90%

Kathmandu 15.35% 14.36% 9.61% 10.70% 10.70% Kathmandu Valley 14.40% 13.54% 9.28% 9.66% 9.82%

0

1,000,000

2,000,000

3,000,000

4,000,000

5,000,000

2001 2011 2016 2021 2026 2031 2036

Chart-1: Population Projection for Kathmandu, Lalitpur, Bhaktapur and Kathmandu

Valley

Bhaktapur Lalitpur Kathmandu Kathmandu Valley



Table1.5: Annual Population Growth for 2016-2036

Districts 2011-2016 2016-2021 2021-2026 2026-2031 2031-2036

Bhaktapur 2.22% 2.12% 1.58% 1.34% 1.34% Lalitpur 2.33% 2.21% 1.62% 1.38% 1.53%

Kathmandu 2.90% 2.72% 1.85% 2.05% 2.05% Kathmandu Valley 2.73% 2.57% 1.79% 1.86% 1.89%

The projection of the day time and night time population of Kathmandu valley shows that the day time and night time population for 2016 is 2.7 million and 2.8 million respectively. The estimation explore that the day time population of the Kathmandu Valley will be 3.4 million in 2026 and 4.08 million in 2036. Similarly, the night time population will be 3.5 million in 2026 and 4.2 million in 2036 (table1.6 and chart 5). (The weekday, holiday and seasonal projection are under process).

0.00%

2.00%

4.00%

6.00%

8.00%

10.00%

12.00%

14.00%

16.00%

18.00%

2011-2016 2016-2021 2021-2026 2026-2031 2031-2036

Chart-2: Every Five Year Population Growth


0.00%

0.50%

1.00%

1.50%

2.00%

2.50%

3.00%

3.50%

2 0 1 1 - 2 0 1 6 2 0 1 6 - 2 0 2 1 2 0 2 1 - 2 0 2 6 2 0 2 6 - 2 0 3 1 2 0 3 1 - 2 0 3 6

Chart-3: Annual Population Growth




Table1.6: Population prediction for day-time, night-time, weekday, holiday, summer and winter for Kathmandu Valley (2016, 2026, 2036)

Districts 2016 2026 2036

Day Time 2,787,707 3,423,090 4,086,217 Night Time 2,849,283 3,535,008 4,257,087

The detail findings are presented in annex 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 and 1.4.

0

500,000

1,000,000

1,500,000

2,000,000

2,500,000

3,000,000

3,500,000

4,000,000

4,500,000

Day Time Night Time

Chart -5: Day Time and Night Time Population Projection for Kathmandu Valley

2016 2026 2036



6. Activity 2: Social & Economic Statistics This Section is related to assessing the current status in 2014 and projection for projection for 2026 and 2036. The estimates of economic growth rates of the past 14 years have been made and breakdown into category of industry and projection of future economic growth rate of each category of industry, district and municipality in the Kathmandu Valley. Moreover, it also tries to estimate economic scale in terms of GDP and breakdown into category of industry, district, municipality and projection for 2026 and 2036. The economic growth rates of various sectors of the Nepalese economy during 2000/01 - 2014/15 is given in the table below. The table shows that the growth pattern is not much encouraging. The economic growth during the past 15 years was very low around 4 percent and the agriculture sector growth was even low 3 percent.



Table 2.1 : Annual Growth Rate of GDP by Economic Activities (at constant prices)

Industries Fiscal Year

2001/02 2002/03 2003/04 2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 2012/13 2013/14 R

2014/15P

Agriculture and forestry 3.01 3.32 4.72 3.45 1.67 0.94 5.80 2.98 1.99 4.49 4.58 1.07 2.84 1.79 Fishing 8.71 4.00 12.23 7.13 9.91 3.01 7.29 5.31 3.55 5.88 7.53 2.71 4.9 6.31 Mining and Quarrying 8.79 3.20 -0.43 6.80 8.26 1.48 5.46 0.72 2.14 2.01 5.03 1.98 5.38 0.86 Manufacturing -5.32 0.04 2.15 2.62 2.00 2.55 -0.87 -1.05 2.96 4.05 3.63 3.72 6.28 2.35 Electricity gas and water 11.37 19.04 4.07 3.97 4.01 13.00 1.06 -3.44 1.87 4.43 8.3 0.28 3.51 1.16 Construction 6.41 2.10 -0.35 2.90 7.67 2.49 5.06 0.99 6.17 4.79 0.22 2.45 7.13 3.56 Wholesale and retail trade -11.57 2.26 10.81 -6.24 3.66 -5.59 4.15 5.25 6.75 1.41 3.05 7.25 9.01 3.43 Hotels and restaurants -18.23 2.01 12.74 -5.41 6.33 3.46 6.92 2.31 6.52 6.2 7.38 5.5 6.77 3.98 Transport, storage and communications 8.37 5.20 7.49 6.43 2.48 4.98 9.37 6.97 5.95 5.21 8.1 7.65 8.29 5.23

Financial intermediation 3.82 1.66 6.19 24.30 24.35 11.39 9.23 2.03 2.82 3.3 3.47 -0.91 3.7 1.37 Real estate, renting and business activities -4.89 -3.97 -2.09 10.03 6.34 11.76 10.44 1.93 3.01 2.25 2.97 5.19 3.64 0.77

Public Administration and defense 36.85 11.52 -0.64 6.64 6.88 1.35 0.62 7.43 3.93 3.85 3.67 5.53 5.04 5.76

Education 21.05 13.71 5.12 9.82 3.75 7.33 6.44 10.75 6.64 3.01 5.58 5.92 4.81 4.97 Health and social work 7.38 15.26 6.11 11.33 5.91 6.46 8.51 9.59 4.77 5.02 6.43 4.48 4.5 10.04 Other community, social and personal service activities

-8.62 4.40 13.43 -3.38 3.34 19.45 9.38 12.72 11.92 7.11 6.36 4.79 4.77 5.33

Agriculture 3.08 3.33 4.81 3.50 1.78 0.97 5.82 3.02 2.01 4.51 4.63 1.1 2.87 1.87 Non Agriculture -1.06 3.52 5.33 3.24 5.32 4.36 5.88 4.34 5.39 3.64 4.53 5.01 6.31 3.58 Total Gross Value Added including FISIM 0.46 3.45 5.13 3.34 4.00 3.12 5.86 3.86 4.19 3.94 4.57 3.64 5.13 3.01

Financial intermediation services indirectly measured (FISIM)

10.66 -6.61 30.13 6.23 11.20 12.41 7.30 2.96 2.54 6.14 3.5 0.72 7.1 2.23

GDP at basic prices 0.16 3.77 4.41 3.23 3.73 2.75 5.80 3.90 4.26 3.85 4.61 3.76 5.05 3.04 Tax less subsidies on products -0.47 6.55 8.60 6.87 -1.51 12.74 10.08 12.30 11.20 -1.16 6.68 8.16 8.88 6.66

GDP at producers' prices 0.12 3.95 4.68 3.48 3.36 3.41 6.10 4.53 4.82 3.42 4.78 4.13 5.38 3.36 P = Preliminary, R = Revised Source: Central Bureau of Statistics



Table 2.2: Annual Average Growth Rate during 2001/02 – 2014/15

Industries Average growth rate In percentage

Agriculture and forestry 3.0 Mining and Quarrying 3.7 Manufacturing 1.0 Electricity gas and water 5.0 Construction 3.7 Wholesale and retail trade 2.3 Hotels and restaurants 3.1 Transport, storage and communications 6.5 Financial intermediation 6.6 Real estate, renting and business activities 3.3 Public Administration and defense 6.7 Education 7.7 Health and social work 7.5 Other community, social and personal service activities 6.3 Agriculture 3.1 Non Agriculture 4.2 Total Gross Value Added including FISIM 3.8 Financial intermediation services indirectly measured (FISIM) 6.6 GDP at basic prices 3.7 Tax less subsidies on products 6.7 GDP at producers' prices 4.0



The first estimate of GDP was made in 2001 of the districts of Nepal. According to the Nepal Human Development Report 2004, the GDP per capita (US $) of the Kathmandu, Lalitpur and Bhaktapur was 631, 378 and 342, respectively, while the GDP per capita of Nepal was US $240. In terms of GDP per capita (PPP US $) of the Kathmandu, Lalitpur and Bhaktapur was 3438, 2059 and 1864, respectively, while the GDP per capita of Nepal was 1310 (PPP US $). In terms of Nepalese currency it was Rs 46511, 27857 and 25189, respectively and that of Nepal was Rs. 17722.This reveals that the GDP per capita of all the three districts of the Kathmandu Valley is higher than the National average. Among the three districts of the Kathmandu Valley the GDP per capita of the Kathmandu is the highest. The GDP per capita of the Kathmandu Valley in 2001 is given below in the Table 2.3 and 2.4. According to Nepal Human Development (NHD) Report, 2004 the GDP per capita of the Kathmandu Valley in 2001 was as follows. Table 2.3:GDP Per Capita of the Kathmandu Valley Districts in 2001

GDP per capita (PPP US $) Income index Human Poverty

Index Kathmandu 3438 0.590 25.8 Lalitpur 2059 0.504 25.0 Bhaktapur 1862 0.488 29.9 Urban 2224 0.519 Rural 1162 0.409 Nepal 1310 0.429 39.6

Source: Nepal Human Development (NHD) Report, 2004 Table 2.4: Per capita Income by Districts of Kathmandu Valley, 2001

(Rs in Millions)

Sectors Districts

Nepal Kathmandu Lalitpur Bhaktapur Total

Agriculture, fisheries and forestry 2721 1253 1307 5281 151058 Mining and Quarrying 444 135 39 618 1923

Manufacturing 4698 1857 734 7289 35495

Electricity gas and water 1562 216 137 1915 7004 Construction 10413 1595 911 12919 39584

Trade, Hotels and Restaurants 2711 787 528 4026 44572

Transport, storage and communications 5741 1115 638 7494 33297 Finance and real estates 3817 929 529 5275 41634

Community and social services 16161 1138 625 17924 38997

Total Gross Value Added 48267 9026 5448 62741 393564 GDP at producers' prices 50318 9410 5679 65407 410287

Population CBS 2001 1,081,845 337,785 225,461 1,645,091 23,151,423

Per Capita Income (Rs at Market price) 46511 27857 25189 33185.7 17722

Per capita income in $ 631 378 342 450.3 240

Per capita income in PPP $ 3438 2059 1862 2453.0 1310



The second estimate of GDP was made in 2010/11 of the districts of Nepal. According to the Nepal Human Development Report 2010/11, the GDP per capita (US $) of the Kathmandu, Lalitpur and Bhaktapur was 1710, 1172 and 854, respectively, while the GDP per capita of Nepal was US $ 718. In terms of the GDP per capita (PPP US $) of the Kathmandu, Lalitpur and Bhaktapur was 2764, 1894 and 1379, respectively, while the GDP per capita of Nepal was 1160 PPP US $. In terms of Nepalese currency it was Rs.123601,84715 and 61686, respectively and that of Nepal was Rs. 51879. This figures shows that during the nine year period the per capita income in US $ as well as in Nepalese Rupee terms of the Kathmandu Valley has increased but in terms of PPP US 4 it has decreased. One of the reasons for this decrease would be high inflation rate that was felt by the Valley during this period. However, in this year also the GDP per capita of all the three districts of the Kathmandu Valley is higher than that of the National average. Among the three districts of the Kathmandu Valley the GDP per capita of the Kathmandu is the highest. The GDP per capita of the Kathmandu Valley in 2010/11 is given below in the Table 2.5.



Table 2.5: Per capita Gross National Income (GNI) of the Kathmandu, Bhaktapur and Lalitpur Districts in 2010/11 ( In PPP $ )

Sectors Districts

Nepal Kathmandu Lalitpur Bhaktapur Total

Agriculture and forestry 6010 3733 2781 12524 473270 Fishing 3 3 2 8 4879 Mining and Quarrying 1556 489 66 2111 6956 Manufacturing 8600 2578 1232 12410 80531 Electricity gas and water 2451 846 318 3615 16001 Construction 14103 4066 1267 19436 89356 Wholesale and retail trade 35686 6111 1894 43691 179306 Hotels and restaurants 4619 696 117 5432 21057 Transport, storage and communications 29426 3002 1629 34057 105834 Financial intermediation 17298 3363 1286 21947 50111 Real estate, renting and business activities 20616 5353 3376 29345 106236 Public Administration and defense 7170 499 250 7919 24830 Education 20436 5464 3001 28901 67739 Health and social work 1963 451 193 2607 16992 Other community, social and personal service activities 35602 733 303 36638 46947 Total Gross Value Added including FISIM 205540 37386 17714 260640 1290047 GDP at basic prices 196723 36179 17142 250044 1248482 GDP at producers' prices 215391 39612 18769 273772 1366953 Factor Income 199 46 24 269 7549 GNI 215590 39658 18793 274041 1374503 Population, CBS 2011 1,744,240 468,132 304,651 2,517,023 26,494,504 Per Capita Income (Rs at Market price) 123601 84715 61686 90000.7 51879 Per capita income in $ 1710 1172 854 1245.3 718 Per capita income in PPP $ 2764 1894 1379 2012.3 1160

Source : Nepal Human Development (NHD) Report, 2014



The GDP of Nepal by 2026/27 will grow by 7.8 per annum on an average. In that year the per capita income will reach to US $ 1920. See the Table 2.6 given below:

Table 2.6: GDP Projection for Nepal up to 2026/27 (In Million NRs.)

Description 2014/15 2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20 2020/21 2021/22 2022/23 2023/24 204/25 2025/26 2026/27 Average growth

rate

GDP at current price (basic price) 1889410 2007275 2268221 2563089.4 2870660 3215139 3600956 4069080.4 4618406 5241891 5975756 6812362 7800154 12.5

GDP(at constant price (Basic price) 689848 738827.2 791283.9 847465.1 911025 979352 1052803 1137028 1227990 1326229 1438958 1561270 1693978 7.8

GDP at current price (producers price) 2120470 2248691 2541021 2871354 3215916 3601826 4034045 4558471 5173864 5872336 6694463 7631688 8738283 12.5

GDP(at constant price) producers prices 759915 764175 818431 876540 942281 1012952 1088923 1176037 1270120 1371729 1488326 1614834 1752095 7.2

Population growth rate 1.35% 27.95 28.33 28.71 29.10 29.49 29.89 30.29 30.70 31.12 31.54 31.96 32.39 32.83 1.4

Per capita income in NRs 75861 79376 88500 98673 109042 120500 133163 148470 166268 186201 209441 235583 266149 11.0

Per capita income in US $ (Rs 3/- devaluation each year of NRs

762 752 815 884 952 1025 1104 1201 1313 1437 1579 1737 1920 8.0

Source : Consultant‟s Estimate, 2016 The GDP of Nepal from FY 2026/27 to FY 2035/36 will grow by 8.5 per annum on an average. In that year the per capita income will reach to US $ 4818. See the Table 2.7 given below

Table 2.7: GDP Projection for Nepal up to 2035/36

(In Million NRs.) Description 2026/27 2027/28 2028/29 2029/30 2030/31 2031/32 2032/33 2033/34 2034/35 2035/36

Average growth rate

GDP at current price (basic price) 7800154.2 8931177 10226197 11708996 13406800 15350786 17576650 20125264 23043428 26384725 14.5

GDP(at constant price (Basic price) 1693977.7 1837966 1994192.9 2163699.3 2347614 2547161 2763669.6 2998581.5 3253461 3530005 8.5

GDP at current price (producers price) 8738282.7 10005334 11456107 13117243 15019243 17197033 19690603 22545740 25814873 29558029 14.5

GDP(at constant price) producers prices 1752095.0 1901023 2062610 2237931.8 2428156 2634549 2858486 3101457.3 3365081 3651113 8.5

Population growth rate 1.35% 32.83 33.28 33.72 34.18 34.64 35.11 35.58 36.06 36.55 37.04 1.4

Per capita income in NRs 266149 300682 339695 383770 433563 489817 553370 625169 706284 797923 13.0

Per capita income in US $ (Rs 3/- devaluation each year of NRs

1920 2123 2349 2600 2879 3189 3534 3917 4344 4818 10.8

Source : Consultant‟s Estimate, 2016



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Year

GDP Projection for Nepal - 2014/15 to 2035/36

GDP at current price (basic price)

GDP(at constant price (Basic price)

GDP at current price (producers price)

GDP(at constant price) producers prices

Population growth rate 1.35%



Table 2.7A: Share of Kathmandu Valley in the National Economy (2010/11)

Particulars of Kathmandu Valley Amount (Rs.’000) As % of Respective National Total

Reference Scenario: Computations based on NLSS-III and Population Census 2011

Total value of economic activities (a+b+c-d) 315588192 23.4 a. Final Consumption Expenditure 327526858 26.1 b. Gross Capital Formation 62550095 15.4

c. Exports* 43281879 25.8

d. Imports* 117770639 18.6

Alternate Scenario: Computations based on ’Reference Scenario plus Difference Factors**’ Total value of economic activities (e+b+c-d) 417762170 31.0

e. Final Consumption Expenditure 429700835 34.2

Consumption Expenditure on Some Major Items**

Consumption of food 139154473 19.8

Consumption of Electricity 5261626 29.2

Consumption of Petroleum products 24075749 30.7 LPG 8412695 60.0

Petrol 7510589 45.5

Diesel 6888235 15.5

Kerosene 1264231 37.6

Key Financial Indicators Deposits# 493020000 60.0

Credit# 375722000 44.0

Number of Bank Branches (A-D Category) 588 25.6

Source: Nepal Rastra Bank, 2012 Note: Trade includes both domestic and foreign trade. * Excluding other services except tourism exports and the shares of exports and imports exclude domestic

figures.

# Includes all commercial banks but not all development banks and finance companies.

**The estimate of private consumption expenditure on electricity and petroleum products using NLSS-II[ and Population Census 2011 falls short of the value obtained from the field survey and adjusting temporary population. The short values have been considered as „difference factors‟.



Table 2.7B: Value of Economic Activities in Kathmandu Valley

Particulars of Kathmandu Valley

FY 2010/11

Amount Rs ('000)

As % of Respective

National Total

As % of GDP

Total Value of Economic Activities (A+B+C) 417762170 31.02 31.02 A. Final Consumption Expenditure 429700835 34.18 31.90

Government consumption 68046415 49.72 5.05 Private consumption 361654420 32.89 26.85

Food 139154473 19.77 10.33 Food by usual population * 85570204 12.15 6.35 Food by temporary population (Diff. factor 1) 53584269 7.61 3.98

Rent 85447956 67.86 6.34 Rent by usual population * 51407502 40.83 3.82 Rent by temporary population (Diff. factor 1) 34040454 27.03 2.53

Education 22497305 37.08 1.67 Health 10786515 15.10 0.80 Other Non-food 66447284 26.15 4.93 Other Social Functions 11089863 --- 0.82 Nonprofit institutions serving households (NPISH) 11681769 56.54 0.87 Difference Factor 2 (Electricity) 1834015 --- 0.14 Difference Factor 3 (Petroleum products) 12715239 --- 0.94

B. Gross Capital Formation 62550095 15.37 4.64 C. Net Exports of Goods and Services -74488760 --- -5.53

Exports of Goods and services 43281879 --- 3.21 Exports of Goods 19939337 --- 1.48

Domestic Exports 2611748 --- 0.19 Rest of the World Exports 17327589 25.82 1.29

Exports of Services (Tourism) 23342541 46.89 1.73 Imports of Goods 117770639 --- 8.74

Domestic Imports 48142694 --- 3.57 Rest of the World Imports 69627945 18.60 5.17

Source : Nepal Rastra Bank, 2012 * The population of Kathmandu Valley reported by Population Census 2011, Preliminary Report (CBS).



Tourism Related Data

Table A : Summary of Tourism Scenario, 2013 – 2014

Indicators 2013 2014 % Change Tourist Arrival by:

Air 594848 585981 -1.51 Land 202768 204137 0.67 Total 797616 790118 -0.95

Average Length of Stay 12.6 12.44 -1.29

Table A – 2 Tourism Related Enterprises in Kathmandu Valley Hotels 557 499 -9.70 Rooms 11835 11519 -2.74 Beds 22871 19589 -16.75

Travel Agencies 2336 2567 9.00 Trekking Agencies 1665 1860 10.48

Tourist Guide 3102 3355 7.54 Trekking Guide 9076 10213 11.13

Source : Nepal Tourism Statistic, 2014

557

11835

22871

499

11519

19589

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

35000

40000

45000

Hotels Rooms Beds

Mode of Transportation used for Tourists Arrival

2013 2014

557

11835

22871

2336 16653102

9076

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

Hotels Rooms Beds Travel Agencies

Trekking Agencies

Tourist Guide

Trekking Guide

Tourism Related Enterprise in Kathmandu Valley

2013 2014



Table B : Tourist Arrival in Nepal (1964-2014) Year Total Number Annual Growth

Rate (%) Year Total Number Annual Growth Rate (%)

1964 9,526 30.9 1990 254,885 6.2 1965 9,388 -1.4 1991 292,995 15.0 1966 12,567 33.9 1992 334,353 14.1 1967 18,093 44.0 1993 293,567 -12.2 1968 24,209 33.8 1994 326,531 11.2 1969 34,901 44.2 1995 363,395 11.3 1970 45,970 31.7 1996 393,613 8.3 1971 49,914 8.6 1997 421,857 7.2 1972 52,930 6.0 1998 463,684 9.9 1973 68,047 28.6 1999 491,504 6.0 1974 89,838 32.0 2000 463,646 -5.7 1975 92,440 2.9 2001 361,237 -22.1 1976 105,108 13.7 2002 275,468 -23.7 1977 129,329 23.0 2003 338,132 22.7 1978 156,123 20.7 2004 385,297 13.9 1979 162,276 3.9 2005 375,398 -2.6 1980 162,897 0.4 2006 383,926 2.3 1981 161,669 -0.8 2007 526,705 37.2 1982 175,448 8.5 2008 500,277 -5.0 1983 179,405 2.3 2009 509,956 1.9 1984 176,634 -1.5 2010 602,867 18.2 1985 180,989 2.5 2011 736,215 22.1 1986 223,331 23.4 2012 803,092 9.1 1987 248,080 11.1 2013 797,616 -0.7 1988 265,943 7.2 2014 790,118 -0.9 1989 239,945 53.7


Table C : Foreign Visitors to Major Destinations in Kathmandu Valley, 2008-2014

Destination 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Kathmandu Durbar Square 9,178 12,855 13,273 18,405 93,136 190,458 208,616

Patan Durbar Square 8,958 12,598 11415 13,914 91,273 172,936 189,841

Bhaktapur Durbar Square 5,966 7,970 10,353 12,508 72,646 171,412 198,186

Pasupati Nath Area NA NA NA 143,887 139,885 156,858 166,173

Shivapuri National Park 8,344 11,178 11,798 15,921 82,935 165,904 180,464

Source: Various



Table D : Tourist Arrival by Months, 2005-2014

Year Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May Jun. Jul. Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Dec. Total

2005 25,477 20,338 29,875 23,414 25,541 22,608 23,996 36,910 36,066 51,498 41,505 38,170 375,398

2006 28,769 25,728 36,873 21,983 22,870 26,210 25,183 33,150 33,362 49,670 44,119 36,009 383,926

2007 33,192 39,934 54,722 40,942 35,854 31,316 35,437 44,683 45,552 70,644 52,273 42,156 526,705

2008 36,913 46,675 58,735 38,475 30,410 24,349 25,427 40,011 41,622 66,421 52,399 38,840 500,277

2009 29,278 40,617 49,567 43,337 30,037 31,749 30,432 44,174 42,771 72,522 54,423 41,049 509,956

2010 33,645 49,264 63,058 45,509 32,542 33,263 38,991 54,672 54,848 79,130 67,537 50,408 602,867

2011 42,622 56,339 67,565 59,751 46,202 46,115 42,661 71,398 63,033 96,996 83,460 60,073 736,215

2012 52,501 66,459 89,151 69,796 50,317 53,630 49,995 71,964 66,383 86,379 83,173 63,344 803,092

2013 47,846 67,264 88,697 65,152 52,834 54,599 54,011 68,478 66,755 99,426 75,485 57,069 797,616

2014 70196 69009 79914 80053 62558 50731 46546 59761 52894 80993 76305 61158 790,118

% Change in 2013

& 2014

(46.7) ( 2.6) (9.9) (22.9) (18.4) (7.1) (13.8) (12.7) (20.8) (18.5) (1.1) (7.2) (0.9)


Table E. Tourists Arrival by Purpose of Visit 2004-2014

Year Holiday Pleasure

Trekking & Mountaineering

Business Pilgrimage Official Conv./ Conf.

Others Not Specified

Total

2004 167,262 69,442 13,948 45,664 17,088 0 71,893 - 385,297

(43.4) (18.0) (3.6) (11.9) (4.4) (0.0) (18.7) (100.0)

2005 160,259 61,488 21,992 47,621 16,859 0 67,179 - 375,398

(42.7) (16.4) (5.9) (12.7) (4.5) (0.0) (17.9) (100.0)

2006 145,802 66,931 21,066 59,298 18,063 0 72,766 - 383,926

(27.7) (12.7) (4.0) (11.3) (3.4) (0.0) (13.8) (100.0)

2007 217,815 101,320 24,487 52,594 21,670 8,019 78,644 22,156 526,705

(41.4) (19.2) (4.6) (10.0) (4.1) (1.5) (14.9) (4.2) (100.0)

2008 148,180 104,822 23,039 45,091 43,044 6,938 99,634 29,529 500,277

(29.6) (21.0) (4.6) (9.0) (8.6) (1.4) (19.9) (5.9) (100.0)

2009 140,992 132,929 22,758 51,542 24,518 9,985 87,134 40,098 509,956

(27.6) (26.1) (4.5) (10.1) (4.8) (2.0) (17.1) (7.9) (100.0)

2010 263,938 70,218 21,377 101,335 26,374 9,627 52,347 57,651 602,867

(43.8) (11.6) (3.5) (16.8) (4.4) (1.6) (8.7) (9.6) (100.0)

2011 425,721 86,260 17,859 63,783 24,054 10,836 37,311 70,391 736,215

(57.8) (11.7) (2.4) (8.7) (3.3) (1.5) (5.1) (9.6) (100.0)

2012 379,627 105,015 24,785 109,854 30,460 13,646 48,540 91,165 803,092

(47.3) (13.1) (3.1) (13.7) (3.8) (1.7) (6.0) (11.4) (100.0)

2013 437,891 97,309 30,309 40,678 39,881 15,952 62,214 73,381 797,616

(54.9) (12.2) (3.8) (5.1) (5.0) (2.0) (7.8) (9.2) (100.0)

2014 395,849 97,185 24,494 98,765 32,395 13,432 53,728 74,271 790,118

(50.1) (12.3) (3.1) (12.5) (4.1) (1.7) (6.8) (9.4) (100.0)




Table F : Gross Foreign Exchange Earnings From Tourism By Fiscal Year, (2000/01

To 2013/14)

Fiscal Year Total Earnings ( Net received )

% Change in US$ NRs.

(000) Annual Average US$

(000) Exchange Rate 2000/01 11,969,174 162,513 -4,3 2001/02 7,793,535 - 101,628 -37.5 2002/03 10,369,409 - 134,245 32.1 2003/04 12,337,977 - 168,163 25.3 2004/05 11,814,353 71.76 164,644 -2.1 2005/06 11,710,393 72.03 162,086 -1.6 2006/07 12,645,761 70.19 180,165 11.2 2007/08 20,339,390 64.72 3 142275 74.4 2008/09 27,959,300 76.58 365,106 16.2 2009/10 28,133,600 74.24 379,022 3.8 2010/11 24,610,300 72.07 341,485 -9.9 2011/12 30,703,320 30.72 380,374 11.4 2012/13 34,210,576 37.66 390,264 2.6 2013/14 46,374,900 98.3 471,769 21.4 2014/15* 34,313,300 98.6 348,005 13.6

*Based on eight months of current FY Source: Nepal Rastra Bank.

Table G : Room Occupancy Rate Of Five Star Hotels In Nepal By Month,

2012-2014 Month Occupancy Rate* Total Room In 2014

2012 2013 2014 Available Occupied Total 62.8 58.9 61.00 523,453 319,284

*Include 2 hotels from Kathmandu and 1 hotel from Lalitpur

Source : Nepal Tourism Statistic, 2014 Table H : Hotel Accommodations in Kathmandu Valley, 2010 -2014

Category No. of Hotels No. of Rooms No. of Beds

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

5 Star 8 8 8 8 8 1,539 1,539 1.539 1539 1539 2,897 2,897 2,897 2897 2897

4 Star 2 2 2 2 2 190 190 190 190 190 362 362 362 362 362

3 Star 13 15 15 15 15 501 596 596 596 596 957 L107 1,107 1107 1107

2 Star 28 29 29 26 26 1,183 1,213 1,213 1.093 1137 2,348 2,396 2,396 2169 2217

1 Star 26 26 26 24 24 564 564 564 483 703 1,374 1,374 1,374 1252 1232

Tourist Standard 387 423 442 482 424 5,903 6,650 6.985 7.934 7334 11,525 12,805 13,362 15084 11754

Total 464 503 522 557 499 9.880 10,752 11.087 11.835 11519 19.463 20.941 21.498 22,871 19,589 Source : Nepal Tourism Statistic, 2014



Table I : Total Number Of Tourism Industries Including Travel / Trekking Agency, Guide, Airlines, Etc2003 – 2014

Year 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Travel Agency (Registered in Tourism Industry Division) 788 877 948 1,026 1,167 1,320 1,496 1,739 1,936 2,116 2,336 2,567

Trekking Agency (Regis. in Tourism Industry Division) 645 705 740 793 872 977 1,096 1,240 1,378 1,524 1665 1860

Rafting Agency(Registered in Tourism Industry Division)

10 33 40 56 61

Tourist Guide(Regd. in Tourism Industry Division)

2,071 2,149 2,202 2,271 ,343 2,458 2,548 2,661 2,835 2,935 3102 3355

Trekking Guide (Regd. in Tourism Industry Division) 3,457 3,930 4,395 4,663 5,098 5,356 5,987 6,747 7,303 8,163 9076 10213

River Guide (Regd. in Tourism Industry Division)

24 44 58 115 144

Tourist Vehicle 23 38 57 Tourist Police 52 52 50 53 60 227 227 Paragliding Co. 16 21 21 37 Ultralight Co. 1 3 3 37 Skydiving 2 2 2 4 Domestic Airlines 17 15 15 17 International Airlines 29 28 29 26 Domestic Airport 54 54 54 29


Table J : Estimation of Damage/ Losses Due To Earthquake In Culture/ Heritage Sector, 2015 April/May

Subsector Disaster Effects (NPR Million) Share of Disaster

effect Damage Loss Total Private/

Community Public

Heritage site in 16 district 7875 1409 9284 9284 Monasteries & Historic Structures (Older than 100 years)

5300 530 5830 5830

Monasteries & Historic Structures (Less than 100 years)

2835 283 3118 3118

Temple in remote area 900 90 990 990

Total 16910 2312 19222 8948 10274 Source: National Planning Commission



Table K : Estimation Of Damage/ Losses Due To Earthquake In Tourism Sector, 2015 April/May

Subsector Disaster Effects (NPR Million) Share of Disaster effect

Damage Loss Total Private/ Community Public

Hotel and Others 16295 0 16295 16295 0 Home Slays 1720 495 2215 1720 0 Eco-lodge 415 0 415 415 0

Trekking Trails 426 5711 6137 0 6137 Tour Operator 7 4924 4931 493 L 0 Tourism revenues 0 47013 47013 47013 0 Air Transport revenues 0 4720 4720 4720 0 Restaurant revenues 0 11 11 11 0 Total 18863 62874 81737 75105 6137

Source: National Planning Commission



Estimation of Unit Cost of Construction of Private and Public Infrastructure

The Consultant has made an estimation of the costs of construction in Kathmandu Valley, for 2016, for different private and public infrastructures. Cost Estimate for the following has been made:

Type Sources of Information Private Building Structure type

Traditional Houses

Interviewed with house owner, constructing individual houses

Stone with mud mortar Stone with cement mortar Brick with mud mortar Brick with cement mortar RC frame, non-engineered

Interviewed with contractor constructing similar buildings

RC frame, engineered Steel Wooden frame

School Buildings Interviewed with contractor who have recently completed construction of similar buildings

Hospital Buildings Administrative Buildings Commercial Buildings Public Infrastructure

Road Department of Roads, Planning Division BridgeRCC Bridge Department of Roads, Planning Division

Water Supply Line Department of Water and Sewage, Engineering Department

Sewage Department of Water and Sewage, Engineering Department

Electricity Nepal Electricity Authority, Planning Division Land Line Telephone Line Nepal Telecom, Planning Division



7. Activity 3 & 4: HH Survey and Community Survey Consultation Meeting with Municipality Officials Two numbers of consultation meetings among the FBC, Oriental Consultant for JICA and the officials of Lalitpur Sub-Metropolis, Budhanilakantha Municipality and Bhaktapur Municipality have been carried out at Lalitpur, Budhanilkantha and Bhaktapur on 11 Feb, 18 Feb 2016 and 25th March 2016 respectively. The team of JICA Consultant and FBC briefed the research objective, scope and need of support from the Government institutions like municipalities and ward level officials particularly on selection of sample wards for collecting the community and household level data. During the meetings, following officials from the respective offices were contacted.

Lalipur Sub–Metropolis Budhanilkantha Municipality

Bhaktapur Municipality

Name Mr. Rudra Gautam Mr. Raju Prasad Neupane

Mrs. Ambika Maharjan

Designation Divisional Head of Community Disaster Management and Social welfare Division

Executive Officer Head, Administrative Department

Considering with the criteria, as proposed by the study team, following wards selected for conducting the community level field survey:

Criteria Ward / Location

Lalitpur Sub–Metropolis

Budhanilkantha Municipality


Core Urban Settlement Ward-8 Gokul Chaur

Ward-12 Kapan

Ward-13 Kolachen

Developing/semi-Urban Settlement

Ward-15 Satdobato Ward-16 Chunikhel

Ward-1Suryamadhi

Newly added emerging ward Ward-26 Sunakothi

Ward-2 Chapali-Bhadrakali

Ward-25 Itachen

Ward Level Consultation Meetings After Completing the Municipality level meeting, the study team consulted with the ward level officials and conducted meetings with existing DRMC members and the Ward Citizen Forum members in the scheduled dates as planned with consultation of ward secretaries of the selected wards as above-mentioned wards of the both Municipalities. The table below highlights the summary of ward level meeting:

Date Location Nos. of Participants Decisions

Feb-16, 2016

Sapteshwar Temple, Satdobato Ward-15, Lalitpur

12 Participants familiarized about the objective and importance of the study;

Sample wards for conducting baseline survey selected;

Feb-18 Ward office Sunakothi Ward-26, Lalitpur

14

Feb-20 Ward Office Gokul Chaur Ward-8, Lalitpur

7



Date Location Nos. of Participants Decisions

Feb-22 Ward Citizen Forum's Office, Chapali Ward-2, Budhanilkantha

42 Ward level stakeholders

permitted to the study team for conducting baseline survey in the selected wards;

Participants facilitated for setting up norms and criteria to determine the sample households;

Contact persons for supporting the study team selected from the nearby cluster/localities.

Feb-22 Ward office Chunikhel Ward-16, Budhanilkanta

9

Feb-23 Ward office, Kapan Ward-12, Budhanilkantha

10

Mar - 25 Ward office, Ward-1, Bhaktapur

8


7


9

Field Survey : Household Survey and Community Survey Granting the permission from the JICA team and the related Municipalities' stakeholders, the Consultant team carried out baseline survey in 9 wards of threepre-selected municipalities. A total of 180 household surveys were conducted with 20 questionnaires from each wards in 9 wards from 3 Municipalities. Similarly, a total of 9numbers of Community Surveys were also conducted.

Municipality Ward No.

Household Surveys

Community Surveys

Lalitpur 15 20 1 26 20 1 8 20 1

Budhanilakantha 2 20 1 16 20 1 12 20 1

Bhaktapur 1 20 1 15 20 1 13 20 1

Total 180 9 The questionnaire used for Household Survey and Community Survey are attached in the Annex.



Secondary data/information, Collection, and Review The Consultant team have visited several organizations for collecting secondary data and information regarding to develop population profile with forecasting the future growth rate of Kathmandu Valley. The organizations we visited are- Ministry of Finance, Central Bureau of Statistic, Kathmandu Metropolitan Office, Nepal Red Cross Society, Nepal Tourism Board and Lalitpur Sub-metropolitan office. Based on the review of secondary data and information from the available sources, the Consultant team has prepared a draft report of population forecast and socioeconomic data.



General Characteristics of Community (of Selected Wards)

Lalitpur Sub Metropolitan Area

Ward No. 26 Ward No. 15 Ward No. 8

Year of first settlement

2014 1991 1960

Included as Ward No. 26 of Lalitpur Sub-Metropolitan Area Previously as Sunakothi VDC

Previously Ward No. 15 was within the Ring Road area, which was extended to include areas out-side the Ring Road Area divided into 1. Area inside Ring Road and 2. Area outside Ring Road

Previously Ward No. 8 was within the Ring Road area only, which was extended to include areas outside the Ring Road. Ward Area is divided onto 1. Area inside Ring Road and 2. Area outside Ring Road

Main Access Along Satdobato (Ring Road) - Tikathali (Hindu Temple) Road (2 Lane Black Topped Road) 2.3 km from Ring Road 5.5 km from Tikathali

1. Lagankhel - Satdobato (Ring Road) (2 Lane Black Topped Road) 2. Ring Road (4 Lane Black Topped, being widened to 8 lane road) 3. Satdobato (Ring Road) - Tikathali (Hindu Temple) Road (2 Lane Black Topped Road) 4. Satdobato (Ring Road) to Godavari Road (2 Lane Black Topped Road)

Ring Road and Ring Road - Balkumari - Patan Durbar Square Road (2 Lane Black Topped) Other internal roads

Boundary East: Ward No. 23 West : Nakkhu River North : Ward No. 14 and 15 South : Ward No. 27

East: Karmanasa Stream, Ward No. 17 West : Ward No. 14 North : Ward No. 5 and 4 South : Ward No. 26, 23

East: Ward No.9 West : Ward No. 6 North : Ward No. 18, 11 South : Mahalaxmi Municipality

Total Area Approx. 1.9 km2 Approx. 2.61 km3 Area Inside Ring Road : Approx.0.63 km2 Area Outside Ring Road : Approx. 1.98 km2

Approx. 0.48 km2

Institutional Areas (Govt. Offices etc.)

None Approx. 0.35 km2 Gokul Chaur, Near Balkumari,

Agriculture / Paddy Field

Approx. 0.8 km2 on the right bank of Nakku River, flood plain, mostly irrigated areas

Approx. 0.15 km2 on the left bank of Karmanasa Stream, flood plain, mostly irrigated areas

None

Major / Known Places

Sunakothi, Dolahiti Satdobato, Khumaltar, Dhapakhel, Hattiban Balkumari





Settlement Area Approx. 1.04 km2 Along the Road and on the eastern side of the road

Approx. 0.21 km2 inside Ring Road Area Approx. 0.37 km2, Along the Ring Road and its vicinity Approx. 0.37 km2, Newly developed areas in the southern parts on

Total area occupied as dense settlement areas Some Community Space is available between Settlements Outside Ring Road area is less dense than inside Ring Road area

Type of settlement

Approx. 30% Old Settlement (more the 50 years) Approx. 60% Newly constructed Residential Home (10 to 15 years old) Approx. 10% Recently constructed Residential Home (less than 5 years old)

Approx. 10% Old Settlement (more than 50 years) Approx. 70% Newly constructed Residential Home (10 to 15 years old) Approx. 20% Recently constructed Residential Home (less than 5 years old)

Approx. 85% Old Settlement (more than 60 years) Approx. 10% are Semi- Urban RCC Framed Structures Approx. 5% are RCC Framed, G+4F, used as commercial and residential purposes, along major Roads, e.g. Ring Road

Average Land Holding per Household

8 Anna (250 m2) 6 Anna (190 m2) 2.5 Anna (80 m2)

Developed by private company, etc.,

Group Settlement as Housing / Apartment areas developed by Private Companies

Group Settlement as Housing / Apartment areas developed by Private Companies High Rise Apartment Building also developed

Group Settlement as Housing / Apartment areas developed by Private Companies High Rise Apartment Building at Balkumari, near Ring Road

Geological condition

Fair, Residential Areas are approx. 50m above the Nakkhu River's flood plain

Satdobato, Khumaltar areas are Upland without irrigation. Other areas are lowland, with irrigation from Karmana Stream

Fair

Commercial No Commercial Area, only local business areas

No Commercial Area, only local business areas All major roads have commercial buildings

Mountainous area

No mountainous areas, only small hillocks

No mountainous areas, Khumaltar is platue None

Economic activities

No especial economic activities No especial economic activities Commodity Sales business

Agriculture Approx. 40 % land is under Approx. 7-10 % land is under Agriculture None





Agriculture Paddy is cultivated

Paddy is cultivated

Home industry Very Few, only cottage industries such as local cloth making, packaging, workshops etc.

None None

Tourist business Non touristic area None Some, due to vicinity to Patan Durbar Square

Small business Local commercial shops only Local commercial shops only Small roadside businesses

Damage Seen due to Earthquake

Full Damage to Traditional Houses upto 25% No damage to newly constructed houses

Only Few damage is noticed Some Damage seen to Old Traditional Houses

Open Space Only Agriculture Fields Approx. 0.35 km2 is under Government Institutional Areas Army Training Center at Lagankhel Agricultural Office Premises at Khumaltar

Limited, some community Space between Settlements



Budhanilkanta Municipality



2012 2014 2014

Included as Ward No. 2 of Budhanilkanta Municipality Previously as Budhanilkanta VDC

Included as Ward No. 16 of Budhanilkanta Municipality Previously as Chunikhel VDC

Included as Ward No. 12 of Budhanilkanta Municipality Previously as Kapan VDC

Main Access Along Maharajgunj (Ring Road) - Bhudhanilkanta (Hindu Temple) Road (2 Lane Black Topped Road) 4.7 km from Ring Road

Along Maharajgunj (Ring Road) - Kapan - Chunikhel Road (1 Lane Black Topped Road) 5.8 km from Ring Road

1. Ring Road - Kapan - Kapan Gumba - Chunikhel Roa (1 Lane Black Topped)

Boundary East: Chapali Badrakali West : Tokha Municipality North : Nuwakot District South : Khada Badrakali

East: Gokraneshwor Municipality, Baluwa West : Kadhka Badrakali North : Budhanilkanta Municipality South : Kapan

East: Gokraneshwor Municipality, Baluwa West : Mahankal North : Chunikhel South :Kathmandu Mun.

Total Area Approx. 13.5 km2 Approx. 9.2 km2 Forest Area of Shuvpuri National Park

Approx. 3.6 km2 Approx. 1.54 km2 Hill Areas

Approx. 5.4 km2

Insitutional Areas (Govt. Offices etc.)

Some None None


Negligible Approx. 1.04 km2 at the foot hills Approx. 0.1 km2


Budhanilkanta Chunikhel Kapan Gumba

Settlement Area Approx. 2.7 km2 Small Settlement area of Approx. 0.19 km2 Approx. 2.38 km2

Type of settlement

Approx.5% Old Settlement (more the 50 years) Approx. 90% Newly constructed Residential Home (10 to 15 years old) Approx. 5% Recently constructed Residential Home (less than 5 years old)

Approx. 20% Old Settlement (more than 50 years) Approx. 75% Newly constructed Residential Home (10 to 15 years old) Approx. 5% Recently constructed Residential Home (less than 5 years old)

Approx. 10% Old Settlement (more than 50 years) Approx. 80% Newly constructed Residential Home (10 to 15 years old) Approx.10% Recently constructed



Budhanilkanta Municipality


Residential Home (less than 5 years old)


12 Anna (380 m2) 1 Ropani (509 m2) 6 Anna (190 m2)


None None None


Fair, Foot hills of hills at Northern boundary and eastern boundary

Fair, Foot hills of hills at Eastern boundary Fair, A hillock in the central eastern part

Commercial No Commercial Area, only local business areas No Commercial Area, only local business areas No Commercial Area, only local business areas

Mountainous area

High Hills on the Northern Parts, of Shivapuri National Park Forest Areas Highest elevation of 2690m (height above Budhanilkanta is 1188m)

Hills in eastern boundary Highest elevation of 1664m (height above Chunikhel is 300m)

A hillock exists Highest elevation of 1330m (height above Kapan is 100m)

Economic activities

No especial economic activities No especial economic activities No especial economic activities

Agriculture Very Few Approx. 75 % land is under Agriculture Paddy is cultivated

Approx. 0.1 km2 Paddy is cultivated

Home industry Very Few None None

Tourist business Non touristic area None None

Small business Local commercial shops only Few Few


Only Few damage is noticed Only Few damage is noticed Only Few damage is noticed

Open Space Inside Shivapuri National Park Jungle Area only Only Agriculture Fields Only Agriculture Fields






1991 1990 1990

Original Ward Original Ward Close proximity to Bhaktapur Durbar Square Area

Original Ward

Main Access Arniko Highway (Jagati) - Kamalbinayak Road 1.5 km from Jagati - northwards

Golmadi (Bus Park) - Durbar Square Road ( 1 lane Black Topped)

1. Sallaghari - Kamalbinayak Road (1.8 km) (2 Lane Black Topped) 2. Sallaghari - Siddhi Pokhari - Durbar Square Road (2 Lane Black Topped)

Boundary East: Tathali VDC West : Ward No. 11 North : Ward No. 02 South : Ward No. 03

East: Ward No. 4 West : Ward No. 15 North : Durbar Square South : Ward No. 14

Elongated Ward East: Ward No. 12 West : Ward No. 17 North : Duwakot VDC South : Ward No.17

Total Area Approx. 0.31 km2 Approx. 0.05 km3 Approx. 0.64 km2

Insitutional Areas (Govt. Offices etc.)

None None Bhaktapur Industrial Area - 0.04 km2


Approx. 0.1 km2 on the east of Ward, mostly irrigated small channels

None 0.44 km2 on the northern side of Sallaghari - Kamalbinayak Road


Proximity to Kamalbinayak and Jagati Durbar Square Kamalbinayak, Durbar Square

Settlement Area Approx. 0.03 km2 in the west side, bordering main old settlement area On the West side of Jagati - Suryabinayak Road is newly developed planned residential area

Total area occupied as dense settlement areas Approx. 0.13 km2 in the south side, bordering main old settlement area near Durbar Square On the Northern side of Sallaghari - Kamalbinayak Road, sparse settlement area is present

Type of settlement

Approx. 85% Old Settlement (more the 50 years) Approx. 10% Newly constructed Residential Home (10 to 15 years old)

Approx. 95% Old Settlement (more than 50 years) Approx. 5% Recently constructed Residential Home (less than 5 years old)

Approx. 85% Old Settlement (more than 60 years) Approx. 10% are Semi- Urban RCC Framed Structures





Approx. 5% Recently constructed Residential Home (less than 5 years old)

Approx. 5% are RCC Framed, along major Roads


2.5 Anna (80 m2) in dense old settlement area 1 Ropani (509 m2) in other newly developed areas

2.5 Anna (80 m2) 2.5 Anna (80 m2) in dense old settlement area 1 Ropani (509 m2) in other newly developed areas


None Some Residential Planning area is available

None None


Fair Fair Fair, Flat Land in the northern side of Sallaghari - Kamalbinayak Road

Commercial No Commercial Area, only local business areas

Very few Very few

Mountainous area

None None None

Economic activities

No especial economic activities No especial economic activities Bhaktapur Industrial Area

Agriculture Approx. 40 % land is under Agriculture Paddy is cultivated

None Agriculture Land in the northern side of Sallaghari - Kamalbinayak Road

Home industry Very Few, only cottage industries such as local cloth making, packaging, workshops etc.

None Very Few, only cottage industries such as local cloth making etc.

Tourist business Non touristic area Yes, due to Bhaktapur Durbar Square Some, due to vicinity to Patan Durbar Square

Small business Local commercial shops only Local commercial shops only Small roadside businesses


Full Damage to Traditional Houses upto 25% No damage to newly constructed houses

Some damage is noticed Some Damage seen to Old Traditional Houses

Open Space Only Agriculture Fields None Only Agriculture Fields



List of the document collected

1. Nepal Earthquake 2015, Post Disaster Needs Assessment, Executive Summary, National Planning Commission, Nepal

2. Nepal Earthquake 2015, Post Disaster Needs Assessment, Sector Reports, National Planning Commission, Nepal

3. Economic Survey 2014/15, Ministry of Finance (MoF), Nepal

4. Current Macroeconomic Situation of Nepal (Based on Six Months Data of 2014/15), Nepal Rastra Bank (NRB).

5. Nepal Tourism Statistics 2014, Ministry of Culture, Tourism & Civil Aviation, Planning & Evaluation Division, Statistical Section, Singha Durbar, Kathmandu, July, 2015

6. Population Census 2011 – Vol 1 and Vol 2, National Population and Housing Census (NPHC) 2011, CBS.

7. Population Projection (2011-2031) NPHC 2011, CBS

8. District level population of Kathmandu, Lalitpur and Bhaktpur, NPHC 2011, CBS.

9. VDC/Municipality level population of Kathmandu, Lalitpur and Bhaktpur, NPHC 2011, CBS.

10. Ward level population of Kathmandu, Lalitpur and Bhaktpur, NPHC 2011, CBS.

11. General and Social Characteristics Tables, (Household and Population, Age-Sex Distribution, Caste/Ethnicity, Mother Tongue, Disability and Literacy Status) Volume 07, Part I, NPHC2011, CBS

12. Social and Economic Characteristics Tables (School Attendance, Fertility and Economic Activities) Volume 07, Part II, NPHC2011, CBS

16. General and Social Characteristics Tables (Economic Activities and Living Arrangement of Children) Volume 07, Part III, NPHC2011, CBS

17. Presentation on URBAN DISASTER RISK REDUCTION, STRATEGIES AND ACTIVITIES, 13 TH AUGUST 2012, presented by NARESH GIRI, (UNDP/COMPREHENSIVE DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT PROGRAMME – NEPAL).

18. Spatial Process of Urbanization in Kathmandu Valley, Nepal, A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, the University of Tsukuba in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Science (Doctoral Program in Geo-environmental Sciences) submitted by Rajesh Bahadur Thapa, 2009.

19. National Urban Development Strategy 2015, Ministry of Urban Development, Nepal

17. The land development boom in Kathmandu Valley, Prepared by Bharat Shrestha, College of Development Studies in association with International Land Coalition, CIRAD, College of Development Studies [CDS], 2011.



18. DISASTER PREPAREDNESS AND RESPONSE PLAN FRAMEWORK FOR SAFE DRINKING WATER IN KATHMANDU VALLEY, LALITPUR SUB-METROPOLITAN CITY, A Summary Report on the selected evacuation sites and deep tube wells, Submitted to United Nations Children‟s Fund, UN House, Pulchowk, Kathmandu, Nepal

19. Review of the Nepal Risk Reduction Consortium (NRRC), Final Report, August 2013

20. ANNUAL HOUSEHOLD SURVEY 2013/14, Summary Report, CBS-NPC, 2015



Survey Photographs

Bhaktapur Meeting

Bhaktapur Meeting

Bhaktapur Meeting

Lalitpur Meeting

Lalitpur Meeting

Budhanilkanta Meeting

Interview of Individuals





Annexes

Annex1.1

Population Projection for Kathmandu District (2016-2036)

District/VDC/WARD 2016 2021 2026 2031 2036

KATHMANDU-Alapot-1 423 466 495 547 602









KATHMANDU-Badbhanjyang-1 617 679 721 797 878









KATHMANDU-Balambu-1 1279 1767 2208 2678 3240









KATHMANDU-Baluwa-1 681 749 796 879 969










KATHMANDU-Bhadrabas-1 183 201 214 236 260









KATHMANDU-Bhimdhunga-1 485 534 567 626 690









KATHMANDU-Budhanilkantha-1 1382 1520 1615 1784 1966









KATHMANDU-Chalnakhel-1 343 377 400 442 487









KATHMANDU-Chapali Bhadrakali-1 600 660 701 775 854










KATHMANDU-Chhaimale-1 377 414 440 486 536









KATHMANDU-Chunikhel-1 377 520 650 789 954









KATHMANDU-Dahachok-1 458 504 536 592 652









KATHMANDU-Dakshinkali-1 1007 1108 1177 1554 2046










KATHMANDU-Dhapasi-1 3805 4725 5466 6176 6962









KATHMANDU-Dharmasthali-1 568 785 981 1190 1440









KATHMANDU-Gagal Phedi-1 1174 1292 1373 1516 1671









KATHMANDU-Gokarneshwar-1 1987 2186 2323 3065 4035










KATHMANDU-Goldhunga-1 7906 9818 11357 12834 14466









KATHMANDU-Gongabu-1 702 970 1212 1471 1779









KATHMANDU-Gothatar-1 1843 2288 2647 2991 3372









KATHMANDU-IchanguNarayan-1 956 1052 1118 1235 1360









KATHMANDU-Indrayani-1 478 525 558 617 679










KATHMANDU-JhorMahangkal-1 433 476 506 668 879









KATHMANDU-Jitpur Phedi-1 319 351 373 412 454









KATHMANDU-Jorpati-1 12236 13865 15040 16075 17138









KATHMANDU-Kabhresthali-1 484 532 566 625 689










KATHMANDU-Kapan-1 19339 21915 23771 25408 27088

KATHMANDU-Kapan-2 3880 4819 5574 6300 7101

KATHMANDU-Kapan-3 29098 32974 35766 38229 40757

KATHMANDU-Kapan-4 611 758 877 991 1117

KATHMANDU-Kapan-5 1228 1525 1764 1994 2247

KATHMANDU-Kapan-6 1568 1947 2252 2732 3305

KATHMANDU-Kapan-7 438 482 512 676 890

KATHMANDU-Kapan-8 2719 3376 3906 4414 4975

KATHMANDU-Kapan-9 849 1054 1220 1479 1790

KATHMANDU-Kathmandu Metropolitan-1 8132 8563 8832 9441 10065




































KATHMANDU-Khadka Bhadrakali-1 2045 2539 2937 3563 4310










KATHMANDU-Kirtipur Municipality-1 9082 11280 13047 14744 16619



















KATHMANDU-Lapsiphedi-1 723 796 845 934 1029









KATHMANDU-Machhegaun-1 582 640 680 751 828










KATHMANDU-Mahadevsthan-1 3067 3809 4405 5344 6465









KATHMANDU-Mahangkal-1 305 422 527 639 774









KATHMANDU-Manmaiju-1 10239 12716 14709 16623 18736









KATHMANDU-Matatirtha-1 1383 1521 1616 2133 2808










KATHMANDU-Mulpani-1 745 1029 1286 1560 1887









KATHMANDU-Naikap NayaBhanjyang-1 2302 2859 3307 3737 4212









KATHMANDU-Naikap PuranoBhanjyang-1 884 1098 1270 1435 1618









KATHMANDU-Nanglebhare-1 520 572 608 672 740










KATHMANDU-Nayapati-1 1312 1443 1533 2023 2663









KATHMANDU-Phutung-1 449 494 525 692 912









KATHMANDU-Pukhulachhi-1 176 193 205 227 250









KATHMANDU-Ramkot-1 1039 1143 1215 1342 1479










KATHMANDU-Sangkhu Bajrayogini-1 707 744 768 825 885









KATHMANDU-Sangkhu Suntol-1 163 172 178 190 202









KATHMANDU-Sangla-1 270 297 316 349 384









KATHMANDU-Satungal-1 585 809 1010 1226 1483









KATHMANDU-Saukhel Satidevi-1 376 413 439 485 534










KATHMANDU-Sheshnarayan-1 711 782 831 917 1011









KATHMANDU-Sitapaila-1 12750 15835 18316 20699 23331









KATHMANDU-Sundarijal-1 148 163 173 191 210









KATHMANDU-Syuchatar-1 5378 6679 7726 8731 9841










KATHMANDU-Talkudunde Chaur-1 334 367 390 431 475









KATHMANDU-Thali Danchhi-1 681 749 796 1050 1382









KATHMANDU-Thankot-1 1752 1927 2048 2262 2492









KATHMANDU-Tinthana-1 708 979 1223 1484 1795










KATHMANDU-TokhaChandeshwari-1 788 867 921 1018 1121









KATHMANDU-TokhaSarswati-1 789 980 1134 1375 1664









KATHMANDU-Institutional 45647 48064 49578 52992 56497

Total 2011978 2300890 2522103 2792056 3090806

Annex 1.2 Population Projection for Lalitpur District

(2016-2036)

DISTRICT/VDC/WARD 2016 2021 2026 2031 2036

LALITPUR-Ashrang-1 206 218 226 239 253









LALITPUR-Badikhel-1 555 587 609 642 680









LALITPUR-Bhardeu-1 339 359 372 392 415









LALITPUR-Bhattedanda-1 349 369 383 404 427










LALITPUR-Bisangkhunarayan-1 401 424 440 464 491









LALITPUR-Bhukel-1 118 125 130 137 145

LALITPUR-Bhukel-2 145 153 159 167 177

LALITPUR-Bhukel-3 198 209 217 229 242

LALITPUR-Bhukel-4 157 166 173 182 193

LALITPUR-Bhukel-5 231 244 253 267 283

LALITPUR-Bhukel-6 185 196 203 214 227

LALITPUR-Bhukel-7 152 161 167 176 186

LALITPUR-Bhukel-8 260 275 286 301 319

LALITPUR-Bhukel-9 358 379 393 415 439

LALITPUR-Bungmati-1 981 1038 1077 1285 1558









LALITPUR-Chandanpur-1 88 93 97 102 108









LALITPUR-Chapagaun-1 1295 1515 1695 1905 2165










LALITPUR-Chhampi-1 657 695 721 760 805









LALITPUR-Choughare-1 215 227 236 249 263









LALITPUR-Dalchoki-1 132 139 145 153 162









LALITPUR-Devichaur-1 454 480 498 525 556










LALITPUR-Dhapakhel-1 7054 8248 9230 9881 10641









LALITPUR-Dukuchhap-1 234 247 257 271 287









LALITPUR-Ghusel-1 157 166 173 182 193

LALITPUR-Ghusel-2 253 268 278 293 310

LALITPUR-Ghusel-3 223 236 245 258 274

LALITPUR-Ghusel-4 97 102 106 112 119

LALITPUR-Ghusel-5 198 209 217 229 242

LALITPUR-Ghusel-6 227 241 250 263 279

LALITPUR-Ghusel-7 119 126 131 138 146

LALITPUR-Ghusel-8 172 182 189 199 211

LALITPUR-Ghusel-9 158 167 174 183 194

LALITPUR-Gimdi-1 394 417 433 456 483

LALITPUR-Gimdi-2 206 218 226 239 253

LALITPUR-Gimdi-3 167 176 183 193 204

LALITPUR-Gimdi-4 226 239 249 262 277

LALITPUR-Gimdi-5 240 254 264 278 294

LALITPUR-Gimdi-6 523 553 574 605 641

LALITPUR-Gimdi-7 188 199 207 218 231

LALITPUR-Gimdi-8 96 101 105 111 117


LALITPUR-Gimdi-9 403 426 442 466 494

LALITPUR-Godamchaur-1 626 662 687 725 767









LALITPUR-Godawari-1 2377 2515 2611 3114 3777









LALITPUR-Gotikhel-1 235 248 258 272 288









LALITPUR-Harisiddhi-1 2577 3013 3371 3609 3887









LALITPUR-Ikudol-1 203 215 223 235 249

LALITPUR-Ikudol-2 215 227 236 249 263


LALITPUR-Ikudol-3 320 338 351 370 392

LALITPUR-Ikudol-4 167 176 183 193 204

LALITPUR-Ikudol-5 160 170 176 186 197

LALITPUR-Ikudol-6 116 123 127 134 142

LALITPUR-Ikudol-7 265 280 291 306 324

LALITPUR-Ikudol-8 353 373 387 408 432

LALITPUR-Ikudol-9 198 209 217 229 242

LALITPUR-Imadol-1 2053 2400 2686 2875 3096

LALITPUR-Imadol-2 1489 1741 1948 2085 2246

LALITPUR-Imadol-3 4114 4811 5383 5763 6207

LALITPUR-Imadol-4 2531 2960 3312 3545 3818

LALITPUR-Imadol-5 5341 6245 6988 7482 8057

LALITPUR-Imadol-6 9474 11078 12396 13271 14291

LALITPUR-Imadol-7 2588 3026 3386 3626 3904

LALITPUR-Imadol-8 3034 3548 3970 4250 4577

LALITPUR-Imadol-9 3739 4783 5733 6444 7323

LALITPUR-Jharuwarasi-1 566 599 622 742 900









LALITPUR-Kaleshwor-1 216 228 237 250 264









LALITPUR-Khokana-1 841 889 923 1101 1336










LALITPUR-Lalitpur Sub Metropolitan-1 8635 8814 8916 9194 9497






















LALITPUR-Lamatar-1 960 1015 1054 1111 1176









LALITPUR-Lele-1 1243 1315 1365 1439 1524

LALITPUR-Lele-2 833 881 915 965 1021

LALITPUR-Lele-3 833 881 915 965 1021

LALITPUR-Lele-4 863 913 948 999 1058


LALITPUR-Lele-5 488 516 536 565 598

LALITPUR-Lele-6 909 961 998 1052 1114

LALITPUR-Lele-7 1519 1606 1668 1758 1861

LALITPUR-Lele-8 1377 1457 1512 1594 1688

LALITPUR-Lele-9 874 924 959 1011 1071

LALITPUR-Lubhu-1 555 710 851 956 1087

LALITPUR-Lubhu-2 775 819 851 1015 1231

LALITPUR-Lubhu-3 1132 1197 1243 1482 1798

LALITPUR-Lubhu-4 2483 2626 2726 3252 3944

LALITPUR-Lubhu-5 751 961 1152 1295 1472

LALITPUR-Lubhu-6 549 703 843 902 971

LALITPUR-Lubhu-7 1660 1941 2172 2325 2504

LALITPUR-Lubhu-8 2574 2722 2827 3371 4089

LALITPUR-Lubhu-9 846 1082 1297 1458 1657

LALITPUR-Malta-1 136 144 149 157 167

LALITPUR-Malta-2 377 399 414 437 462

LALITPUR-Malta-3 232 245 254 268 284

LALITPUR-Malta-4 462 489 508 535 567

LALITPUR-Malta-5 175 185 193 203 215

LALITPUR-Malta-6 133 141 146 154 163

LALITPUR-Malta-7 101 107 111 117 124

LALITPUR-Malta-8 160 170 176 186 197

LALITPUR-Malta-9 176 187 194 204 216

LALITPUR-Manikhel-1 220 233 242 255 270









LALITPUR-Nallu-1 350 370 384 405 429

LALITPUR-Nallu-2 220 233 242 255 270

LALITPUR-Nallu-3 129 136 141 149 158

LALITPUR-Nallu-4 207 219 228 240 254

LALITPUR-Nallu-5 341 361 375 395 418

LALITPUR-Nallu-6 201 212 221 233 246

LALITPUR-Nallu-7 371 392 407 429 455


LALITPUR-Nallu-8 334 353 366 386 409

LALITPUR-Nallu-9 155 164 170 180 190

LALITPUR-Pyutar-1 115 121 126 133 141

LALITPUR-Pyutar-2 528 559 580 611 647

LALITPUR-Pyutar-3 179 189 196 207 219

LALITPUR-Pyutar-4 356 377 391 412 436

LALITPUR-Pyutar-5 152 161 167 176 186

LALITPUR-Pyutar-6 328 347 361 380 402

LALITPUR-Pyutar-7 164 173 180 189 201

LALITPUR-Pyutar-8 141 149 155 164 173

LALITPUR-Pyutar-9 222 235 244 257 272

LALITPUR-Sainbu Bhaisepati-1 2559 3274 3924 4411 5012









LALITPUR-Sankhu-1 223 236 245 258 274

LALITPUR-Sankhu-2 208 220 229 241 255

LALITPUR-Sankhu-3 234 247 257 271 287

LALITPUR-Sankhu-4 186 197 204 215 228

LALITPUR-Sankhu-5 295 312 324 342 362

LALITPUR-Sankhu-6 293 310 322 340 359

LALITPUR-Sankhu-7 436 461 478 504 534

LALITPUR-Sankhu-8 228 242 251 265 280

LALITPUR-Sankhu-9 316 334 347 365 387

LALITPUR-Siddhipur-1 1892 2420 2901 3260 3705









LALITPUR-Sunakothi-1 1714 2193 2629 2954 3357










LALITPUR-Thaiba-1 1357 1736 2081 2155 2236

LALITPUR-Thaiba-2 530 561 582 614 650

LALITPUR-Thaiba-3 578 611 635 669 709

LALITPUR-Thaiba-4 221 283 339 351 364

LALITPUR-Thaiba-5 919 972 1009 1204 1461

LALITPUR-Thaiba-6 555 587 609 727 881

LALITPUR-Thaiba-7 826 1056 1266 1311 1360

LALITPUR-Thaiba-8 3665 4285 4795 5389 6124

LALITPUR-Thaiba-9 790 1010 1211 1361 1547

LALITPUR-Thecho-1 1882 2408 2886 3244 3686

LALITPUR-Thecho-2 702 743 771 813 861

LALITPUR-Thecho-3 524 554 575 607 642

LALITPUR-Thecho-4 1467 1715 1919 2157 2451

LALITPUR-Thecho-5 643 680 706 744 788

LALITPUR-Thecho-6 1034 1094 1136 1197 1267

LALITPUR-Thecho-7 336 345 351 375 404

LALITPUR-Thecho-8 854 1093 1310 1473 1674

LALITPUR-Thecho-9 3528 4514 5411 6081 6911

LALITPUR-Thuladurlung-1 419 443 460 485 513









LALITPUR-Tikathali-1 1595 2041 2446 2749 3124










LALITPUT-Institutional 10776 11001 11127 11474 11853

Total 525211 585981 635149 680155 733887

Annex 1.3 Population Projection for Bhaktapur District

(2016-2036)


BHAKTAPUR-Bageshwari-1 292 303 310 320 330









BHAKTAPUR-Balkot-1 1659 1893 2084 2184 2286









BHAKTAPUR-Bhaktapur Municipality-1 6011 6858 7552 8297 9106


















BHAKTAPUR-Changunarayan-1 690 715 732 756 779









BHAKTAPUR-Chhaling-1 1339 1388 1421 1467 1512









BHAKTAPUR-Chitapol-1 980 1015 1039 1073 1106









BHAKTAPUR-Dadhikot-1 505 524 536 624 726









BHAKTAPUR-Duwakot-1 2402 2988 3519 3866 4243










BHAKTAPUR-Gundu-1 392 406 415 429 442

BHAKTAPUR-Gundu-2 511 529 542 559 576

BHAKTAPUR-Gundu-3 871 903 924 954 984

BHAKTAPUR-Gundu-4 877 909 931 961 991

BHAKTAPUR-Gundu-5 561 581 595 614 634

BHAKTAPUR-Gundu-6 619 641 657 678 699

BHAKTAPUR-Gundu-7 907 940 962 1120 1303

BHAKTAPUR-Gundu-8 626 649 664 686 707

BHAKTAPUR-Gundu-9 515 533 546 635 739

BHAKTAPUR-Jhaukhel-1 394 408 418 431 445









BHAKTAPUR-Kautunje-1 2892 3300 3634 3808 3985









BHAKTAPUR-MadhyapurThimi Municipality-1 3156 3927 4624 5080 5576


















BHAKTAPUR-Nagarkot-1 975 1010 1034 1067 1100









BHAKTAPUR-Nangkhel-1 630 653 669 690 712









BHAKTAPUR-Sipadol-1 3620 3751 3840 3964 4087









BHAKTAPUR-Sirutar-1 957 1092 1202 1260 1319










BHAKTAPUR-Sudal-1 349 362 371 382 394

BHAKTAPUR-Sudal-2 659 683 699 722 744

BHAKTAPUR-Sudal-3 872 904 925 955 985

BHAKTAPUR-Sudal-4 951 985 1008 1041 1073

BHAKTAPUR-Sudal-5 1733 1796 1838 1898 1957

BHAKTAPUR-Sudal-6 434 450 460 475 490

BHAKTAPUR-Sudal-7 978 1013 1037 1071 1104

BHAKTAPUR-Sudal-8 737 764 782 807 832

BHAKTAPUR-Sudal-9 783 812 831 858 884

BHAKTAPUR-Tathali-1 526 545 558 576 594









BHAKTAPUR-Institutional 5930 5940 5928 5990 6044

Total 340066 377660 408472 436553 466675

Annex 1.4 Population Projection for Kathmandu Valley

(2016-2036)

Districts VDC WARDS 2016 2021 2026 2031 2036 Day Time Population Night Time Population

2016 2026 2036 2016 2026 2036

KATHMANDU KATHMANDU-Alapot-1 423 466 495 547 602 333 390 474 423 495 602









KATHMANDU KATHMANDU-Badbhanjyang-1 617 679 721 797 878 512 599 729 617 721 878









KATHMANDU KATHMANDU-Balambu-1 1279 1767 2208 2678 3240 1061 1833 2690 1279 2208 3240






2016 2026 2036 2016 2026 2036





KATHMANDU KATHMANDU-Baluwa-1 681 749 796 879 969 535 626 762 681 796 969









KATHMANDU KATHMANDU-Bhadrabas-1 183 201 214 236 260 144 168 205 183 214 260









KATHMANDU KATHMANDU-Bhimdhunga-1 485 534 567 626 690 351 410 499 485 567 690





2016 2026 2036 2016 2026 2036






KATHMANDU KATHMANDU-Budhanilkantha-1 1382 1520 1615 1784 1966 1052 1229 1496 1382 1615 1966









KATHMANDU KATHMANDU-Chalnakhel-1 343 377 400 442 487 251 294 357 343 400 487









KATHMANDU KATHMANDU-Chapali Bhadrakali-1 600 660 701 775 854 457 534 650 600 701 854




2016 2026 2036 2016 2026 2036







KATHMANDU KATHMANDU-Chhaimale-1 377 414 440 486 536 276 323 393 377 440 536









KATHMANDU KATHMANDU-Chunikhel-1 377 520 650 789 954 287 495 726 377 650 954









KATHMANDU KATHMANDU-Dahachok-1 458 504 536 592 652 381 445 541 458 536 652



2016 2026 2036 2016 2026 2036








KATHMANDU KATHMANDU-Dakshinkali-1 1007 1108 1177 1554 2046 739 863 1500 1007 1177 2046









KATHMANDU KATHMANDU-Dhapasi-1 3805 4725 5466 6176 6962 2895 4159 5298 3805 5466 6962









KATHMANDU KATHMANDU-Dharmasthali-1 568 785 981 1190 1440 396 683 1003 568 981 1440


2016 2026 2036 2016 2026 2036









KATHMANDU KATHMANDU-Gagal Phedi-1 1174 1292 1373 1516 1671 970 1133 1380 1174 1373 1671









KATHMANDU KATHMANDU-Gokarneshwar-1 1987 2186 2323 3065 4035 1563 1826 3173 1987 2323 4035










2016 2026 2036 2016 2026 2036

KATHMANDU KATHMANDU-Goldhunga-1 7906 9818 11357 12834 14466 5506 7909 10075 7906 11357 14466









KATHMANDU KATHMANDU-Gongabu-1 702 970 1212 1471 1779 534 923 1354 702 1212 1779









KATHMANDU KATHMANDU-Gothatar-1 1843 2288 2647 2991 3372 1322 1899 2419 1843 2647 3372









2016 2026 2036 2016 2026 2036


KATHMANDU KATHMANDU-IchanguNarayan-1 956 1052 1118 1235 1360 691 808 983 956 1118 1360









KATHMANDU KATHMANDU-Indrayani-1 478 525 558 617 679 394 461 561 478 558 679









KATHMANDU KATHMANDU-JhorMahangkal-1 433 476 506 668 879 329 385 669 433 506 879








2016 2026 2036 2016 2026 2036



KATHMANDU KATHMANDU-Jitpur Phedi-1 319 351 373 412 454 222 260 316 319 373 454









KATHMANDU KATHMANDU-Jorpati-1 12236 13865 15040 16075 17138 9621 11826 13476 12236 15040 17138









KATHMANDU KATHMANDU-Kabhresthali-1 484 532 566 625 689 337 394 480 484 566 689







2016 2026 2036 2016 2026 2036




KATHMANDU KATHMANDU-Kapan-1 19339 21915 23771 25408 27088 15206 18691 21299 19339 23771 27088









KATHMANDU KATHMANDU-Kathmandu Metropolitan-1 8132 8563 8832 9441 10065 36597 39748 45296 8132 8832 10065















2016 2026 2036 2016 2026 2036






















KATHMANDU KATHMANDU-Khadka Bhadrakali-1 2045 2539 2937 3563 4310 1556 2235 3280 2045 2937 4310






2016 2026 2036 2016 2026 2036





KATHMANDU KATHMANDU-Kirtipur Municipality-1 9082 11280 13047 14744 16619 7815 11227 14301 9082 13047 16619



















KATHMANDU KATHMANDU-Lapsiphedi-1 723 796 845 934 1029 597 698 850 723 845 1029




2016 2026 2036 2016 2026 2036







KATHMANDU KATHMANDU-Machhegaun-1 582 640 680 751 828 501 585 712 582 680 828









KATHMANDU KATHMANDU-Mahadevsthan-1 3067 3809 4405 5344 6465 2546 3657 5367 3067 4405 6465









KATHMANDU KATHMANDU-Mahangkal-1 305 422 527 639 774 232 401 589 305 527 774



2016 2026 2036 2016 2026 2036








KATHMANDU KATHMANDU-Manmaiju-1 10239 12716 14709 16623 18736 7131 10244 13048 10239 14709 18736









KATHMANDU KATHMANDU-Matatirtha-1 1383 1521 1616 2133 2808 1148 1342 2331 1383 1616 2808









KATHMANDU KATHMANDU-Mulpani-1 745 1029 1286 1560 1887 586 1012 1485 745 1286 1887


2016 2026 2036 2016 2026 2036









KATHMANDU KATHMANDU-Naikap NayaBhanjyang-1 2302 2859 3307 3737 4212 1774 2548 3246 2302 3307 4212









KATHMANDU KATHMANDU-Naikap PuranoBhanjyang-1 884 1098 1270 1435 1618 681 979 1247 884 1270 1618










2016 2026 2036 2016 2026 2036

KATHMANDU KATHMANDU-Nanglebhare-1 520 572 608 672 740 430 502 611 520 608 740









KATHMANDU KATHMANDU-Nayapati-1 1312 1443 1533 2023 2663 1031 1205 2094 1312 1533 2663









KATHMANDU KATHMANDU-Phutung-1 449 494 525 692 912 313 365 635 449 525 912









2016 2026 2036 2016 2026 2036


KATHMANDU KATHMANDU-Pukhulachhi-1 176 193 205 227 250 145 169 206 176 205 250









KATHMANDU KATHMANDU-Ramkot-1 1039 1143 1215 1342 1479 751 878 1068 1039 1215 1479









KATHMANDU KATHMANDU-Sangkhu Bajrayogini-1 707 744 768 825 885 584 634 731 707 768 885








2016 2026 2036 2016 2026 2036



KATHMANDU KATHMANDU-Sangkhu Suntol-1 163 172 178 190 202 135 147 167 163 178 202









KATHMANDU KATHMANDU-Sangla-1 270 297 316 349 384 188 220 268 270 316 384









KATHMANDU KATHMANDU-Satungal-1 585 809 1010 1226 1483 486 839 1231 585 1010 1483







2016 2026 2036 2016 2026 2036




KATHMANDU KATHMANDU-Saukhel Satidevi-1 376 413 439 485 534 275 322 392 376 439 534









KATHMANDU KATHMANDU-Sheshnarayan-1 711 782 831 917 1011 521 609 741 711 831 1011









KATHMANDU KATHMANDU-Sitapaila-1 12750 15835 18316 20699 23331 9213 13234 16858 12750 18316 23331






2016 2026 2036 2016 2026 2036





KATHMANDU KATHMANDU-Sundarijal-1 148 163 173 191 210 116 136 165 148 173 210









KATHMANDU KATHMANDU-Syuchatar-1 5378 6679 7726 8731 9841 3886 5582 7110 5378 7726 9841









KATHMANDU KATHMANDU-Talkudunde Chaur-1 334 367 390 431 475 245 286 348 334 390 475





2016 2026 2036 2016 2026 2036






KATHMANDU KATHMANDU-Thali Danchhi-1 681 749 796 1050 1382 536 626 1088 681 796 1382









KATHMANDU KATHMANDU-Thankot-1 1752 1927 2048 2262 2492 1454 1700 2069 1752 2048 2492









KATHMANDU KATHMANDU-Tinthana-1 708 979 1223 1484 1795 546 943 1383 708 1223 1795




2016 2026 2036 2016 2026 2036







KATHMANDU KATHMANDU-TokhaChandeshwari-1 788 867 921 1018 1121 600 701 853 788 921 1121









KATHMANDU KATHMANDU-TokhaSarswati-1 789 980 1134 1375 1664 601 863 1266 789 1134 1664









KATHMANDU KATHMANDU-Institutional 45647 48064 49578 52992 56497 27175 28038 28613 45647 49578 56497

LALITPUR LALITPUR-Badikhel-1 555 587 609 642 680 443 487 543 555 609 680


2016 2026 2036 2016 2026 2036









LALITPUR LALITPUR-Bhardeu-1 339 359 372 392 415 271 297 332 339 372 415









LALITPUR LALITPUR-Bisangkhunarayan-1 401 424 440 464 491 327 359 401 401 440 491










2016 2026 2036 2016 2026 2036

LALITPUR LALITPUR-Bungmati-1 981 1038 1077 1285 1558 834 915 1324 981 1077 1558









LALITPUR LALITPUR-Chapagaun-1 1295 1515 1695 1905 2165 1035 1354 1730 1295 1695 2165









LALITPUR LALITPUR-Chhampi-1 657 695 721 760 805 558 613 684 657 721 805









2016 2026 2036 2016 2026 2036


LALITPUR LALITPUR-Devichaur-1 454 480 498 525 556 363 398 444 454 498 556









LALITPUR LALITPUR-Dhapakhel-1 7054 8248 9230 9881 10641 5636 7374 8502 7054 9230 10641









LALITPUR LALITPUR-Dukuchhap-1 234 247 257 271 287 199 218 243 234 257 287








2016 2026 2036 2016 2026 2036



LALITPUR LALITPUR-Ghusel-1 157 166 173 182 193 126 138 154 157 173 193









LALITPUR LALITPUR-Godamchaur-1 626 662 687 725 767 511 562 627 626 687 767









LALITPUR LALITPUR-Godawari-1 2377 2515 2611 3114 3777 1942 2133 3085 2377 2611 3777







2016 2026 2036 2016 2026 2036




LALITPUR LALITPUR-Harisiddhi-1 2577 3013 3371 3609 3887 2105 2754 3175 2577 3371 3887









LALITPUR LALITPUR-Imadol-1 2053 2400 2686 2875 3096 1498 1960 2260 2053 2686 3096









LALITPUR LALITPUR-Jharuwarasi-1 566 599 622 742 900 453 497 719 566 622 900






2016 2026 2036 2016 2026 2036





LALITPUR LALITPUR-Khokana-1 841 889 923 1101 1336 714 784 1135 841 923 1336









LALITPUR LALITPUR-Lalitpur Sub Metropolitan-1 8635 8814 8916 9194 9497 11536 11911 12688 8635 8916 9497














2016 2026 2036 2016 2026 2036










LALITPUR LALITPUR-Lamatar-1 960 1015 1054 1111 1176 700 769 858 960 1054 1176









LALITPUR LALITPUR-Lele-1 1243 1315 1365 1439 1524 993 1091 1218 1243 1365 1524









2016 2026 2036 2016 2026 2036


LALITPUR LALITPUR-Lubhu-1 555 710 851 956 1087 405 621 793 555 851 1087









LALITPUR LALITPUR-Nallu-1 350 370 384 405 429 279 307 342 350 384 429









LALITPUR LALITPUR-Sainbu Bhaisepati-1 2559 3274 3924 4411 5012 2175 3335 4259 2559 3924 5012








2016 2026 2036 2016 2026 2036



LALITPUR LALITPUR-Siddhipur-1 1892 2420 2901 3260 3705 1381 2117 2704 1892 2901 3705









LALITPUR LALITPUR-Sunakothi-1 1714 2193 2629 2954 3357 1370 2100 2683 1714 2629 3357









LALITPUR LALITPUR-Thaiba-1 1357 1736 2081 2155 2236 1109 1700 1826 1357 2081 2236







2016 2026 2036 2016 2026 2036




LALITPUR LALITPUR-Thecho-1 1882 2408 2886 3244 3686 1504 2306 2945 1882 2886 3686









LALITPUR LALITPUR-Tikathali-1 1595 2041 2446 2749 3124 1164 1785 2280 1595 2446 3124









LALITPUR LALITPUT-Institutional 10776 11001 11127 11474 11853 3820 3917 3899 10776 11127 11853

BHAKTAPUR BHAKTAPUR-Bageshwari-1 292 303 310 320 330 227 241 256 292 310 330





2016 2026 2036 2016 2026 2036






BHAKTAPUR BHAKTAPUR-Balkot-1 1659 1893 2084 2184 2286 1095 1376 1509 1659 2084 2286









BHAKTAPUR BHAKTAPUR-Bhaktapur Municipality-1 6011 6858 7552 8297 9106 6498 8164 9845 6011 7552 9106













2016 2026 2036 2016 2026 2036






BHAKTAPUR BHAKTAPUR-Changunarayan-1 690 715 732 756 779 520 552 587 690 732 779









BHAKTAPUR BHAKTAPUR-Chhaling-1 1339 1388 1421 1467 1512 1009 1070 1139 1339 1421 1512









BHAKTAPUR BHAKTAPUR-Chitapol-1 980 1015 1039 1073 1106 760 807 859 980 1039 1106




2016 2026 2036 2016 2026 2036







BHAKTAPUR BHAKTAPUR-Dadhikot-1 505 524 536 624 726 334 354 479 505 536 726









BHAKTAPUR BHAKTAPUR-Duwakot-1 2402 2988 3519 3866 4243 1809 2650 3196 2402 3519 4243









BHAKTAPUR BHAKTAPUR-Gundu-1 392 406 415 429 442 259 274 292 392 415 442



2016 2026 2036 2016 2026 2036








BHAKTAPUR BHAKTAPUR-Jhaukhel-1 394 408 418 431 445 297 315 335 394 418 445









BHAKTAPUR BHAKTAPUR-Kautunje-1 2892 3300 3634 3808 3985 1909 2399 2631 2892 3634 3985









BHAKTAPUR BHAKTAPUR-Madhyapur Thimi Municipality-1 3156 3927 4624 5080 5576 4101 6008 7245 3156 4624 5576


2016 2026 2036 2016 2026 2036

















BHAKTAPUR BHAKTAPUR-Nagarkot-1 975 1010 1034 1067 1100 734 779 829 975 1034 1100


2016 2026 2036 2016 2026 2036









BHAKTAPUR BHAKTAPUR-Nangkhel-1 630 653 669 690 712 489 519 552 630 669 712









BHAKTAPUR BHAKTAPUR-Sipadol-1 3620 3751 3840 3964 4087 2390 2535 2698 3620 3840 4087










2016 2026 2036 2016 2026 2036

BHAKTAPUR BHAKTAPUR-Sirutar-1 957 1092 1202 1260 1319 632 794 871 957 1202 1319









BHAKTAPUR BHAKTAPUR-Sudal-1 349 362 371 382 394 271 288 306 349 371 394









BHAKTAPUR BHAKTAPUR-Tathali-1 526 545 558 576 594 408 433 461 526 558 594









2016 2026 2036 2016 2026 2036


BHAKTAPUR BHAKTAPUR-Institutional 5930 5940 5928 5990 6044 3264 3344 3269 5930 5928 6044

Total Kathmandu Valley 2849283 3234945 3535008 3876382 4257087 2787707 3423090 4086217 2849283 3535008 4257087

Annex 2.1 Consumption of Electricity in Kathmandu Valley (FY 2067/68)

SN Districts Amount Rs. (’000) Share of Valley (%)

1 Kathmandu 3999455 76.01

2 Lalitpur 928957 17.66

3 Bhaktapur 333214 6.33

4 Total (Valley) 5261626 100

5 Total (Nepal) 18003800

Share of Valley in Nepal (%) 29.23

Consumption of Electricity as per NLSS-III report 3427611

Consumption of Electricity as per NEA 5261626

Difference (Difference factor 1) 1834015

Source : Nepal Rastra Bank, 2012

Annex 2.2: Consumption of Petroleum Products in Kathmandu Valley (FY 2067/68)

(In Rs. '000) Petroleum Products Kathmandu Lalitpur Bhaktapur Total

(Valley) Total

(Nepal) Share of

Valley (%)

Petrol 5733297 1217612 559680 7510589 16512366 45.48

Diesel 4909911 920380 1057944 6888235 44548674 15.46

Kerosene 933887 194548 135796 1264231 3365644 37.56

LPG — — — 8412695 14021158 60.00

Total 11577094 2332540 1753420 24075749 78447842 30.69

Consumption of Petroleum Products as per NLSS-III report 11851597 Consumption of Petroleum Products as per Field Survey 24075749 Difference (Difference factor 2) 12224153

Source : Nepal Rastra Bank, 2012

Annex 2.3 Total Consumption of Temporary Population of Kathmandu Valley (In Rs. '000)

Total Household Consumption on Food Rent

Strata Urban 73151920 48158348

Semi-urban 5587805 1862602

Per capita consumption (annual) 35.72 22.69

Consumption Expenditure of Temporary Population

Total per capita consumption (Food + Rent) 58.42

Temporary Population of Valley** 1500000

Total consumption of Temporary Population (Difference factor 3) 87624723

Source : Nepal Rastra Bank, 2012 ** As stated in Gorkhapatra, dated 2068/12/22, (business page)

Annex 2.4.

Increasing number of buildings and its distribution of ward-wise level at 2026 and 2036

DISTRICT/VDC/WARDS No of Building

2026 2036

KATHMANDU-Alapot-1 103 123









KATHMANDU-Badbhanjyang-1 150 180









KATHMANDU-Balambu-1 460 664









KATHMANDU-Baluwa-1 166 198







2026 2036




KATHMANDU-Bhadrabas-1 45 53









KATHMANDU-Bhimdhunga-1 118 141









KATHMANDU-Budhanilkantha-1 336 403









KATHMANDU-Chalnakhel-1 83 100









2026 2036


KATHMANDU-Chapali Bhadrakali-1 146 175









KATHMANDU-Chhaimale-1 92 110









KATHMANDU-Chunikhel-1 135 196









KATHMANDU-Dahachok-1 112 134









KATHMANDU-Dakshinkali-1 245 419


2026 2036









KATHMANDU-Dhapasi-1 1139 1427









KATHMANDU-Dharmasthali-1 204 295









KATHMANDU-Gagal Phedi-1 286 342









KATHMANDU-Gokarneshwar-1 484 827




2026 2036







KATHMANDU-Goldhunga-1 2366 2964









KATHMANDU-Gongabu-1 253 365









KATHMANDU-Gothatar-1 551 691









KATHMANDU-IchanguNarayan-1 233 279






2026 2036





KATHMANDU-Indrayani-1 116 139









KATHMANDU-JhorMahangkal-1 105 180









KATHMANDU-Jitpur Phedi-1 78 93









KATHMANDU-Jorpati-1 3133 3512








2026 2036



KATHMANDU-Kabhresthali-1 118 141









KATHMANDU-Kapan-1 4952 5551









KATHMANDU-Kathmandu Metropolitan-1 1840 2062



















2026 2036


















KATHMANDU-Khadka Bhadrakali-1 612 883









KATHMANDU-Kirtipur Municipality-1 2718 3406













2026 2036








KATHMANDU-Lapsiphedi-1 176 211









KATHMANDU-Machhegaun-1 142 170









KATHMANDU-Mahadevsthan-1 918 1325









KATHMANDU-Mahangkal-1 110 159





2026 2036






KATHMANDU-Manmaiju-1 3064 3839









KATHMANDU-Matatirtha-1 337 575









KATHMANDU-Mulpani-1 268 387









KATHMANDU-Naikap NayaBhanjyang-1 689 863







2026 2036




KATHMANDU-Naikap PuranoBhanjyang-1 265 332









KATHMANDU-Nanglebhare-1 127 152









KATHMANDU-Nayapati-1 319 546









KATHMANDU-Phutung-1 109 187









2026 2036


KATHMANDU-Pukhulachhi-1 43 51









KATHMANDU-Ramkot-1 253 303









KATHMANDU-Sangkhu Bajrayogini-1 160 181









KATHMANDU-Sangkhu Suntol-1 37 41









KATHMANDU-Sangla-1 66 79


2026 2036









KATHMANDU-Satungal-1 210 304









KATHMANDU-Saukhel Satidevi-1 91 109









KATHMANDU-Sheshnarayan-1 173 207









KATHMANDU-Sitapaila-1 3816 4781




2026 2036







KATHMANDU-Sundarijal-1 36 43









KATHMANDU-Syuchatar-1 1610 2017









KATHMANDU-Talkudunde Chaur-1 81 97









KATHMANDU-Thali Danchhi-1 166 283






2026 2036





KATHMANDU-Thankot-1 427 511









KATHMANDU-Tinthana-1 255 368









KATHMANDU-TokhaChandeshwari-1 192 230









KATHMANDU-TokhaSarswati-1 236 341








2026 2036



KATHMANDU-Institutional 10329 11577

LALITPUR-Badikhel-1 127 139









LALITPUR-Bhardeu-1 78 85









LALITPUR-Bisangkhunarayan-1 92 101









LALITPUR-Bungmati-1 224 319









2026 2036


LALITPUR-Chapagaun-1 353 444









LALITPUR-Chhampi-1 150 165









LALITPUR-Devichaur-1 104 114









LALITPUR-Dhapakhel-1 1923 2181









LALITPUR-Dukuchhap-1 53 59


2026 2036









LALITPUR-Ghusel-1 36 40









LALITPUR-Godamchaur-1 143 157









LALITPUR-Godawari-1 544 774









LALITPUR-Harisiddhi-1 702 796




2026 2036







LALITPUR-Imadol-1 560 635









LALITPUR-Jharuwarasi-1 130 184









LALITPUR-Khokana-1 192 274









LALITPUR-Lalitpur Sub Metropolitan-1 1857 1946






2026 2036


















LALITPUR-Lamatar-1 220 241









LALITPUR-Lele-1 284 312









LALITPUR-Lubhu-1 177 223




2026 2036







LALITPUR-Nallu-1 80 88









LALITPUR-Sainbu Bhaisepati-1 818 1027









LALITPUR-Siddhipur-1 604 759









LALITPUR-Sunakothi-1 548 688






2026 2036





LALITPUR-Thaiba-1 434 458









LALITPUR-Thecho-1 601 755









LALITPUR-Tikathali-1 510 640









LALITPUT-Institutional 2318 2429

BHAKTAPUR-Bageshwari-1 65 68







2026 2036




BHAKTAPUR-Balkot-1 434 468









BHAKTAPUR-Bhaktapur Municipality-1 1573 1866

















BHAKTAPUR-Changunarayan-1 153 160










2026 2036

BHAKTAPUR-Chhaling-1 296 310









BHAKTAPUR-Chitapol-1 216 227









BHAKTAPUR-Dadhikot-1 112 149









BHAKTAPUR-Duwakot-1 733 870









BHAKTAPUR-Gundu-1 87 91



2026 2036








BHAKTAPUR-Jhaukhel-1 87 91









BHAKTAPUR-Kautunje-1 757 817









BHAKTAPUR-MadhyapurThimi Municipality-1 963 1143














2026 2036





BHAKTAPUR-Nagarkot-1 215 225









BHAKTAPUR-Nangkhel-1 139 146









BHAKTAPUR-Sipadol-1 800 838









BHAKTAPUR-Sirutar-1 250 270








2026 2036



BHAKTAPUR-Sudal-1 77 81









BHAKTAPUR-Tathali-1 116 122









BHAKTAPUR-Institutional 1235 1239

Total Kathmandu Valley 736460 872354

______Feb. 20161.0 Respondent's Basic Information

1.1 Name of Respondent 1.2 Age

1.3 Contact No.

1.4 Place of Residence Municipality Lalitpur / Bhaktapur / Budhanilkanta (Please Tick one below)

1.5 Ward No.1.6 Educational Level

1.7 Main Occupation

1.8 Are you a local inhabitant of this area ? Yes No

1.9 If No, for how many years have you resided here ? years

1.10 Family MembersMale Female Total

1.11 Are/is any dissable person in your family? if yes, what type of disability: ……………………………………

1.12 No. of Family members completed Educational Level (Above 5 years ) 1.13Male Female

Male Female 00 Non-formal Education 11 Primary Level 22 Secondary Level 33 H.Secondary Level 44 Bachelor Level 55 Masters Level and + 6

Students

No. Family members have occupation

AgricultureBusinessGovernment ServiceOther Service

Unemployed

Community Baseline Survey forThe Project for Assessment of Earthquake Disaster Risk for Kathmandu Valley in Nepal

Occupation

Number of Adult members (above 15 years)

HOUSEHOLD LEVEL SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE

Number of children (Below 15 Years)Total Numbers of Family members

No. of Family MebersLevel

Daily Wages

Q/S.N.

1.14 Ethnic Group of the Family (please tick all applicable)B/C* Thakuri Newar Hill Ethnic Terai Ethnic Dalit

1.15 Community Disater Management Committee (CDMC)Any of your family member are the member of CDMC?

2.0 Housing Characteristrics

Yes No Not Yet

Yes No

2.10 If yes, Expenses incured for Reconstruction Rs.

If yes, did you reconstruct keeping in mind the Earthquake resistance approach ?

Current Situation

Not Living Living with alert Living without problem

Did you reconstruct houses after earthquake ?

11-20 Years5-10 Years 21-50 Years

Stone Massonary Woden framing

Not Damaged Lightly damaged Partially collapsed

Less than 5 years

Completely Damaged

CGI Sheet

Other

50 + Years

Urban planning residential area

Traditional Settlement-Row Hoses

Traditional Settement- Separated Houses

Semi Urban with separate House

Urban area with row househe

CGI framingBrick massonary

Iron trusss structure

Housing Location

2.6

Damage Situation by EQ in April/May 2015

2.9

1. Yes / 2. No

2.5

2.4 Roof Type

House Age

2.1

2.7

2.2House Structure Type

2.3 House Wall Type

Thrash Others (………………………….)Tile/Slate

2.8

Load Bearing Structure OtherRCC Framed Structure Wooden Structure

3.0 Agriculturable Land AreaYes No

If Yes, then please mention Area, belowRopani Ana Paisa Dam

4.0 Family Income and Expenditure4.1 Family Income

Daily Wage Work

Max. Min.

Yearly Saving Range

4.2

4.3 Max.

Max. Min.Annual Expenditure (NRs.)

Family Expenditure

Family Saving

Remittence

3.2 Total Agriculturable Land owned by Household

Agriculture

Monthly Income Range(NRs.)

Tot. Area (m2)

Max.

Do you have agriculturable Land owned by your Family ?

Yearly Income Range(NRs.)Min.

Business

Min.

Pensions

Other Sources

Total Income

Rents received

Salaried Work

Income Sources

3.1

Domestic Industry

5.0 Disaster Risk Management InformationPrior to the Earthquake on April/May 2015:

Yes No Don't know

5.1

5.2

5.3

5.4

5.5

5.6

5.7

5.8

5.9

5.10

Did you know that your children were taught in their Schools, about taking safegauring measures in case of an Earthquake event ?

Did you hear about any Programs related to safegaurding measures in case of an Earthquake event, conducted in your community, by any govt. or non-govt. agencies ?

Have you or your family member ever experienced any other disasters, such as flood, landslides, storm, etc.Have you or your family member ever participated in disaster risk reduction awareness/education program for other disasters?

If yes, what kind of contents did you or your family learn in the program? (Please choose)1. preparation of emergency supplies 2. mechanism of disaster(s) 3. first aid/ medical treatment 4. what to do in case of a diaster (emergency response) 5. preventive measures (safe construction of houses, etc) 6. risk assessment of community (hazard mapping, etc.) 7. formation of community diaster risk management committee, groups, etc.

If yes, did any of your family members take part in such Program ?

Did you hear or read about how to take safegaurding measures in case of an Earthquake event ?

Did you talk with your family members, and relatives, about the dangers and safegaurding against Earthquakes ?

Did you think you and your family members were at possible Risks due to Earthquake in Nepal?

Earthquake

Other disasters

Have you learned any disaster risk reduction/management topics in schools?

After the Earthquake Struck5.11 What were the most needed things for your family just after the earthquake?

Yes No Don't know

5.12

5.13

5.14

5.15

5.16

If yes, did any of your family members take part in such Program ?

After the Earthquake, are you aware that any govt. or non-govt. agencies has conducted any kind of Program related to disaster risk reduction/ management, in case of an disaster like earthquake ?

Safe Sheltering Place Electricity Supply

Communication Service

Rescue Services

Daily Food

Others, please mention

At present, do you and your family know, when and how to evacuate in case of a disaster ?

Safe Drinking Water

Medical Centers

In case of a future disaster (like major earthquake), do you think your family will be able to better cope with such event, in future ?

If Yes, which of the following can you better manage? (Please choose)1. Safe evacuation/ 2. First aid to injured persons/ 3. Rescue of trapped persons/ 4. Emergency supplies/ 5. Drinking water/ 6. Evacuation sites/ 7. Getting necessary information from government

Cooking Gas, Kerosine

Roofing Sheets

Warm Blankets

Medicines

Future improvement of community disaster risk management

Yes No

5.17

5.18

5.19

5.20

5.21

5.22

5.23

Yes No

5.24

5.25

5.26

5.27

5.285.29

In addition to the above, what measures and activities your community should take, to better manage the future disasters ?

Stock emergecy diaster relief materials for the community

Knowledge on how to evacuate to the safe places in each type of disaster

Knowledge on how to build earthquake resistant houses/ retrofit buildings

Knowledge on how to save trapped perons (search and rescue)

Conduct disaster drills and training for each household and community

Provide disaster risk reduction education in schoolsMake the streets wider for vehicles to pass

Which of the following is very necessary for the residents of your community, for improving disaster risk management in the community?

Knowledge on how to organize community disaster management committee

Others, please mention

Organize/ form community disaster management committee/ groups

Designate evacuation sites/ places

Knowledge on Community Harard / Risk Areas/ Vulnerabilities

Knowledge on how to provide first aid/ medical assistance to injured persons

5.30 Lastly, can suggest any additional matters, related to Disaster Risk Management, that the Government should undertake ?

Thank you for your cooperation !

Q/S.N.

Interview Date ______Feb. 2016Place of Interview

Municipality

Ward No.

Age Contact No. Position Education Level Occupation

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

Name of Respondent

Community Profile - Checklist

Community Baseline Survey forThe Project for Assessment of Earthquake Disaster Risk for Kathmandu Valley in Nepal

Lalitpur / Bhaktapur / Budhanilkanta

0 Basic Information of Community

Year of Establishment

Boundary of Community

(map)

Structure of community Authority Leadership

(please provide a map)

(please write organizational chart)

Data Source for each info.

1.1(a) Population by gender and age

0-5 5-15 16-25 26-75 over 75 Total

0-5 5-15 16-25 26-75 over 75 Total

(Data Source: )

1.1(b) Population by ethnic group (in %)B/C* Thakuri Newar Hill Ethnic Terai Ethnic Dalit

Other ( )

Other ( )

Other ( ) Undefined Total

* Brahmin/Chhetri(Data Source: )

1.1(c) Population by Religion (in %)Hindu Buddhism Islam Kirat Chiristianity Prakriti

Bon Jainism Bahai Sikhism Other ( ) Undefined Total

(Data Source: )

1.1(d) Population by Education level (in %)

Beginners Primary Lower Secondary Secondary University Post Graduate Undefined Total

(Data Source: )

1.1(e) Vulnerable Population 1.1 (f) Average Number of Travellors per Month

Disabled Temporary Other ( ) Total No. of

Travellers Total

(Data Source: ) (Data Source: )

Female

Type of Settlement

1. Old / Historical2. Old Settlement3. Semi-old4. Scattered5. Semi-Urban6. Urban - Newly developed

Male

1.1(g) Population by timeDay-Time Night-Time

(Data Source: )

1.1(h) Population growth (population in each year below)1984 1989 1994 1999 2004 2009 2014

(Data Source: )

1.2 (a) Households

Total

(Data Source: )

1.2 (b) Households by Size (number of family members)1-3 4-6 7-10 over 11 Total

(Data Source: )

1.3 Population Migration

30 years 20 years 10 years 5 years

(Data Source: )

1.4 Social ConditionPoverty Rate

(Data Source: )

2 Economic Situation2.1(a) Main Source of Household Income

Agriculture Industry Business Employment House Rents Other( )

(Data Source: )

2.1 (b) Total Household Income (% of HHs)Agriculture Industry Business Employment Remittence Rent Total

(Data Source: )

2.2 Average Monthly HH Income Range

below 10,000 10,000 to 20,000 20,000 to 50,000 50,000 to

75,00075,000 to 100,000 above 100,000

(Data Source: )

2.3 Average Land Holding per HHBelow 1 Ropanis 1 to 2 Ropanis 2 to 5 Ropani 5 to 10

RopanisAbove 10 Ropanis

(Data Source: )

3.1 Housing CharacteristicsTraditional

Houses

Mud Mortar RCC Framed

(Data Source: )

Infant Mortality Rate

Temporary Rented

households with male ownership

households with female ownership

Average Literacy Rate

Modern Houses

Cement Mortar, Load Bearing

Others

TotalMigrated from Outside with lastPermanent Residents

Unemployment Rate

Remarks

Semi- Traditional

Mud Mortar with Cement Plasters

3.2 House AgeMore than 100 years

Between 70 to 100

Between 50 to 70

Between 25 to 50

Between 10 to 25

Between 5 to 10 Below 5

(Data Source: )

4.1 Land Use

Flat Land Terrace

(Data Source: )

4.2 Geological ConditionsFlat Area Sloped Area Terrace Land Hilly Area

(Data Source: )

5 Physical Amenities5.1 Road Network (in kms) 5.2 Road Condition

Narrow (Tracks)

Motorable (1 way)

Motorable (2 way) Earthen Gravel Black Topped


5.3 Drinking WaterPiped Line Wells Water Sprouts

(Data Source: )

5.4 Sewer Lines 5.5 Solid Waste DisposalPiped Line Septic Tank None Collected Non-collected


5.5 Electricity Line 5.6 Telephone (Land Line)NEA Line None NTC Line None


5.7 Transportation FacilitiesLocal Bus

RouteLocal Tempo

RouteNo Public

Transportation

(Data Source: )

5.8 Academic Institutions

Kindergarten Primary Secondary Higher Secondary Collage University

(Data Source: )

5.9 Health InstitutionDrug Stores Private Clinics Health Posts Health Centers Hospital

(Data Source: )

5.10 Average Distance to: (by vehicle)Health Center Hospital Birthing Center

(Data Source: )

Residenctial Commercial / Bazar

Institutional / CommunalIndustrial Others

Agriculture Land

6 Information on Disasters and Disaster Risk Management

6.1

(Data Source: )

6.2 Past severe (large-scal) disasters in the community

Number of People Killed

Number of People

Affected

Economic Damage

1

2

3

4

5

(Data Source: )

6.3 Do you have a community disaster management committee (CDMC) or other diaster management organization?

Remarks

(Data Source: )

6.4 Do you have the following facilities/tools for disaster risk management in your community?

Designated evacuation

place

Community evacuation/ hazard map

Early warning devices

(Speakers, etc.)

Search and rescue

equipments

Food stocks for the

community

Any other emergency

supplies

Public awareness

posters, etc.

Yes/No

Remarks

(Data Source: )

6.5(a) Any community-based disater management exercises (evacuation drills etc.) were conducted in your community?

6.5(b) If yes, please write down the details of the exercises/drills

Target disaster (multi

hazard, earthquake,

landslide, etc.)

Date (Month and Year) Venue Number of the

participantsTarget

participants

1

2

3

6.6(a) Any public awareness/ education programs on disaster risk reduction were conducted in your community?

Damage

2

Main natural disasters in the community (Earthquake, Landslide, Flood, Flash Flood, Drought, Forest Fire, Storm, etc.)

1.Yes / 2. No

1. Yes / 2. No

1.Yes / 2. Under establishment / 3. No

Organizers of the ecercises/drills (municipality,

Red cross, etc.)

Type of Disaster

Date (Month and Year) of the

occurrence

1 3

Remarks (Details of the disaster, if available)

6.6(b) If yes, please write down the details of the programs

Date (Month and Year) of the program

Venue

Organizers of the Program (municipality,

Red cross, etc.)

Number of the participants

Target participants

1

2

3

preparation of emergency

supplies

mechanism of disaster(s)

first aid/ medical

treatment

what to do in case of a diaster

(emergency response)

preventive measures

(safe construction

of houses, etc)

risk assessment of

community (hazard

mapping, etc.)

formation of community diaster risk

management committee, groups, etc.

1

2

3

6.7(a) Any school education program on disaster risk reduction have been conducted in your community?

6.7(b) If yes, please write down the details of the program

Date (Month and Year)

1

2

3

7 Future activities for improving disaser risk management in the communityWhich of the following is very necessary for the residents of your community, related to disaster risk management?

1. Yes 2. No7.1 Knowledge on Community Hazard/ Risks/ and Vulnerabilities7.2 Knowledge on how to provide first aid/ medical assistance to injured persons7.3 Knowledge on how to evacuate to the safe places in each type of disater7.4 Knowledge on how to save trapped perons (search and rescue)7.5 Knowledge on how to build earthquake resistant houses/ retrofit buildings7.6 Knowledge on how to organize community disaster management committee

7.7 Others, please mention

1. Yes 2. No7.8 Designate evacuation sites/ places7.9 Organize/ form community disaster management committee/ groups

7.10 Stock emergecy diaster relief materials for the community7.11 Conduct disaster drills and training for each household and community7.12 Provide disaster risk reduction education in schools7.13 Make the streets wider for vehicles to pass

7.14 Others, please mention

Target disaster of the program (multi hazard, earthquake,

landslide, etc.)

Target disaster (multi hazard, earthquake, landslide, etc.)

In addition to the above, what measures and activities your community should take, to better manage the future disasters?

Contents of the Program (please tick all applicable contents)

1. Yes / 2. No / 3. Don't know

8

Thank you for your cooperation !

Lastly, please suggest any additional matters, related to improvement of disaster risk management in the community, that the Government should undertake?

Selected Wards of Lalitpur Municipality

2 kmN

➤➤

N© 2016 Google

© 2016 Google

© 2016 GoogleImage © 2016 DigitalGlobe

Image © 2016 DigitalGlobe


Selected Wards of Bhaktapur Municipality

1 kmN

➤➤

N© 2016 Google

© 2016 Google




Selected Wards of Bhudhanilkanta Municipality

5 kmN

➤➤

N© 2016 Google

© 2016 Google



Image © 2016 DigitalGlobeImage © 2016 CNES / Astrium

Image © 2016 CNES / Astrium

Image © 2016 CNES / Astrium

Output Tables Based on HH Interview Data - Activity 3

Male Female Total15 20 64 71 135 6.826 20 43 61 104 5.28 20 64 49 113 5.72 20 62 49 111 5.616 20 69 58 127 6.412 20 56 50 106 5.31 20 64 68 132 6.615 20 64 60 124 6.213 20 60 65 125 6.3

Total 180 546 531 1077 6.0

Table -2 Caste Ethnic Group

Braman / Chettri Thakuri Newar Hill Ethnic Terai Ethnic Dalit Others

15 20 60.0 5.0 30.0 0.0 5.0 0.026 20 45.0 55.08 20 100.02 20 35.0 35.0 25.0 5.016 20 10.0 50.0 40.012 20 25.0 65.0 10.01 20 0 100.015 20 0 5.0 95.013 20 0 100.0

Total 180 19.4 1.1 70.0 3.9 0.6 5.0 0.0

Table -3 Age Group% of population above 15

Male Female Male Female15 12.6 8.9 34.8 43.7 100.026 7.7 9.6 33.7 49.0 100.08 13.3 4.4 43.4 38.9 100.02 11.7 9.0 44.1 35.1 100.016 13.4 7.9 40.9 37.8 100.012 8.5 8.5 44.3 38.7 100.01 9.8 10.5 39.1 40.6 100.015 13.2 7.4 39.7 39.7 100.013 6.4 7.2 40.8 45.6 100.0

Total 10.8 8.2 40.0 41.0 100.0

Budhanilakantha

Bhaktapur

Ethnic Group (in %)

Lalitpur

Budhanilakantha

Bhaktapur

Lalitpur

Total% of children upto 15wardMunicipality

Lalitpur

Budhanilakantha

Bhaktapur

Municipality ward HHs

Table1: Households and Population of Sample Households

Municipality ward HHs Population Av. Family Size

Table-4 Educational Status of above 5 years aged population by municipality and wards

NFE Primary Secondary H. Secondary Bachlor Masters15 14.3 26.8 22.3 18.8 10.7 7.1 100.026 15.7 30.3 16.9 14.6 16.9 5.6 100.08 9.8 32.6 22.8 15.2 17.4 2.2 100.02 13.5 37.8 28.4 14.9 2.7 2.7 100.016 11.0 26.0 35.6 16.4 11.0 0.0 100.012 7.9 25.4 20.6 20.6 22.2 3.2 100.01 2.9 20.0 37.1 17.1 14.3 8.6 100.015 6.5 30.4 18.5 18.5 19.6 6.5 100.013 2.0 34.3 21.2 19.2 18.2 5.1 100.0

Total 9.1 29.2 24.8 17.3 14.8 4.9 100.0

Table-5 Occupational Status of above 10 years aged population by municipality and wardsMunicipality wardOccupational Status of Sample population (%) Total of

wardUnimployed Agriculture Business Government

ServiceOther

service Student Daily wageLalitpur 15 5.8 15.5 13.6 8.7 14.6 38.8 2.9 100.0

26 15.4 4.4 4.4 3.3 18.7 42.9 11.0 100.08 5.7 14.8 21.6 4.5 11.4 39.8 2.3 100.0

Budhanilakantha 2 12.9 22.8 11.9 1.0 7.9 32.7 10.9 100.016 2.3 24.4 5.8 2.3 9.3 40.7 15.1 100.012 10.1 14.5 14.5 4.3 13.0 31.9 11.6 100.0

Bhaktapur 1 2.6 35.3 13.8 1.7 19.8 20.7 6.0 100.015 6.1 19.2 19.2 3.0 10.1 26.3 16.2 100.013 3.0 24.8 33.7 1.0 9.9 26.7 1.0 100.0

Total 6.9 20.1 15.6 3.3 12.9 32.9 8.3 100.0

Num. % Num. %15 6 30.0 14.0 70.026 2 10.0 18.0 90.08 2 10.0 18.0 90.02 0.0 20.0 100.016 0.0 20.0 100.012 0.0 20.0 100.01 0.0 20.0 100.015 0.0 20.0 100.013 1 5.0 19.0 95.0

Total 11 6.1 169 93.9

Lalitpur

Budhanilakantha

Bhaktapur

Municipality ward Yes NoYou or yor family members involved in CDMC Committee

Lalitpur

Budhanilakantha

Bhaktapur

Municipality ward Educational Status of Sample population (%) Total of wards

2. Housing CharracteristicsTable-7 House location

Municipality Ward

Traditional Settlement-

Row Houses

Traditional Settlement-Separated

Houses

Semi-urban with separated

Houses

Urban Area with Row Houses

Urban Planning

Residential Area

15 3 3 8 626 11 1 88 202 3 9 816 7 1312 5 12 31 2015 2013 19 1

Total 103 31 36 10 0

Table-8 House Tructure Type

Municipality WardLoad

Bearing Structure

RCC Framed Structure

Wooden Structure

Iron trusss structure Other

15 10 6 3 126 12 88 13 6 12 6 6 7 116 12 1 6 112 10 101 18 215 2013 17 3

Total 118 42 17 0 3

Table-9 House Wall type

Municipality Ward Brick massonary

Stone Massonary

Woden framing CGI framing Other Combined

15 17 2 126 208 19 12 10 2 5 316 15 2 2 112 201 2015 2013 20

Total 161 7 0 8 1 3

Lalitpur

Budhanilakantha

Bhaktapur

Lalitpur

Budhanilakantha

Bhaktapur

Lalitpur

Budhanilakantha

Bhaktapur

Table-10 House Roof TypeMunicipality Ward Thrash Tile/Slate CGI Sheet Others

15 15 2 326 13 2 58 10 1 7 22 8 1216 7 3 9 112 10 3 71 1 7 1215 4 1613 5 9 6

Total 73 39 65 3

Table-11 House Age

Municipality Ward Less than 5 years 5-10 Years 11-20 Years 21-50 Years 50 + Years

15 1 3 6 1026 3 4 9 3 18 1 3 2 9 52 14 1 2 316 6 4 5 3 212 5 5 5 4 11 2 10 815 2 16 213 2 1 8 9

Total 30 24 42 64 20

Table-12 House Damaged by April 25 Earthquake

Municipality Ward Not damaged

Lightly damaged

Partially collapsed

Completely Destroyed

15 4 12 1 326 2 12 4 28 4 6 5 52 1 2 4 1316 1 1 7 1112 4 3 7 61 2 10 815 9 9 213 7 11 2

Total 16 54 58 52

Lalitpur

Budhanilakantha

Bhaktapur

Lalitpur

Budhanilakantha

Bhaktapur

Lalitpur

Budhanilakantha

Bhaktapur

Table-13 Current Situation of House after Earthquake

Municipality Ward Not living Living with Alert

Living without Problem

15 3 7 1026 5 6 98 6 6 82 13 5 216 10 6 412 5 10 51 16 415 4 1613 7 14

Total 69 74 38

Table-14 Reconstruction of House after Earthquake

Yes No Not Yet Yes No15 6 7 3 4 2 17833326 5 4 1 1880008 6 8 2 6 6128002 9 7 4 8 1 12750016 5 12 5 7500012 5 1 13 5 650001 2 19 1 1 4200015 3 15 2 1 2 3666713 4 14 2 2 2 90000

Total 45 71 38 36 9 179740

Table-15 Size of Agricultural Land by household

Total Average15 16 12812.75 800.8026 16 15592.31 974.528 15 15218.75 1014.582 19 31312.50 1648.0316 18 35500.00 1972.2212 13 22563.75 1735.671 17 23968.75 1409.9315 15 5437.50 362.5013 16 17937.50 1121.09

Total 145.0 180343.81 1243.75

Lalitpur

Budhanilakantha

Bhaktapur

Budhanilakantha

Bhaktapur

Municipality Ward Number HHs

Land size (m2)

Municipality Ward Did you reconstruct? Reconstructed House Average cost for Reconstruction

Lalitpur

Lalitpur

Budhanilakantha

Bhaktapur

Table-16 Average Monthly and Annual Income

No. of HHsAv.income Max.

Av.income Min. No. of HHs Av.income

Max.Av.income

Min. No. of HHs Av.income Max.

Av.income Min.

Agriculture 22 60,763.63 47,045.45 36 59,205.55 46,894.44 46 46,173.91 37,108.70 Domestic Industry5 168,000.00 147,000.00 3 124,000.00 96,000.00 Business 20 336,300.00 244,900.00 22 196,954.55 147,318.18 30 241,200.00 196,400.00 Rents Received 12 147,250.00 125,250.00 9 261,333.33 232,000.00 5 132,000.00 108,000.00 Salary Work 26 316,230.76 273,546.45 16 206,250.00 195,937.50 25 287,520.00 242,880.00 Pension 6 146,833.33 142,833.33 1 96,000.00 84,000.00 Daily Wage 12 148,833.33 112,500.00 29 179,482.75 135,137.93 17 186,000.00 144,705.88 Remittence 4 405,000.00 315,000.00 1 120,000.00 120,000.00 1 250,000.00 180,000.00 Other Sources 11 194,818.18 94,909.10 10 175,000.00 119,800.00

Table-17 Average Annual Family Expenditure

Total Ex. (NRs.Average Ex. (NRs.)Total Ex. (NRs.Average Ex. (NRs.)Lalitpur 60 18,501,000.00 308,350.00 16,331,000.00 272,183.33 Budhanilakantha 60 16,033,500.00 267,225.00 14,030,000.00 233,833.33 Bhaktapur 60 16,025,000.00 267,083.33 13,647,500.00 227,458.33

Table-18 Average Annual Saving

Total Ex. (NRs.Average Ex. (NRs.)Total Ex. (NRs.Average Ex. (NRs.)Lalitpur 60 7,448,800.00 124,146.67 5,045,000.00 84,083.33

Budhanilakantha 60 3,585,400.00 59,756.67 1,678,200.00 27,970.00

Bhaktapur 60 4,587,600.00 76,460.00 3,199,500.00 53,325.00

Table 19: No. of Respondents or their Family Members Thought about Possible Risk due to Earthquake in Nepal

Yes No Don't Khow15 12 826 7 13

8 16 4

2 5 15

16 6 14

12 5 151 2 18

15 3 17

13 5 15

Total 61 119

Municipality Ward Type of response (HH No.)

Lalitpur

Budhanilakantha

Bhaktapur

No. HHs Maximim Minimum

No. HHs Maximim Minimum

Income Sources

Annual Income (NRs) Lalitpur Budhanilkhanta Bhaktapur

Table 20: No. of Respondents talked with their family members or relatives about danger and safeguarding


8 15 5

2 14 6

16 7 13

12 8 121 6 14

15 7 13

13 9 11

Total 90 90

Table 21: No. of Respondents Heard or red about how to take safeguarding measure in case of and Earthquake


8 19 1

2 10 10

16 10 10

12 11 91 9 11

15 15 5

13 17 3

Total 121 59

Table 22: No. of Respondents knew that their children taught in school about taking safeguarding

Yes No Don't Khow15 12 3 526 7 6 7

8 10 6 4

2 14 5 1

16 8 5 7

12 6 7 71 6 5 9

15 6 4 10

13 7 5 8

Total 76 46 58


Lalitpur

Budhanilakantha

Bhaktapur


Lalitpur

Budhanilakantha

Bhaktapur


Lalitpur

Budhanilakantha

Bhaktapur

Yes No Don't Khow Yes No 15 12 6 2 7 526 8 11 1 3 58 15 5 11 42 5 15 216 3 17 2 112 4 16 2 21 4 13 3 3 115 10 7 3 3 713 13 6 1 9 1

Total 74 96 10 40 28

Table 23: No. of Respondents have experience of other types of disasters (flood, landslides, strom etc)

Yes No Types15 4 16 Landslides-426 0 20

8 0 20

2 3 17 Landslides-216 2 18 Landslide -2

12 3 17 Flood-31 20

15 20

13 2 18 Flood-2

Total 14 166

Yes No Preparation of Emergency supply

Mechanism of disastars

First aid/medical treatment

What to do in case of a disaster

(emergency

Preventive measures

Risk assessment

Formation of CDRMC

15 4 16 4 4 4 4 4 4 426 2 18 2 2 1 2 2 2 28 5 15 5 5 5 5 5 5 52 1 19 1 1 1 116 2012 201 2015 2013 2 18 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

Total 14 166 14 13 13 14 14 13 13

Lalitpur

Budhanilakantha

Bhaktapur

Budhanilakantha

Bhaktapur

Table 24: No. of Family members participated in disaster risk reduction awareness/education program for other disasters

Municipality WardHave you Participanted Content of awareness/Program (Multipal options)

Budhanilakantha

Bhaktapur

Municipality Ward Have you experience? (Numbers)

Lalitpur

Municipality Ward Event conducted or not? Have you or your family members taken part?

Lalitpur

Table 23: No. of Respondents Heard about the program related to safeguarding measures in case of arthquake event conducted in community level

Yes No Don’t know15 3 11 626 2 5 13

8 3 10 7

2 1 10 916 1 16 3

12 3 13 41 1 15 4

15 5 11 4

13 6 7 7

Total 25 98 57

Lalitpur

Budhanilakantha

Bhaktapur

Table 25: No. of Respondents learned about Disaster Risk Reduction/Management Topics in Schools

Municipality Ward No. of Respondent learned about DRR in

Table 26: The Most Needed Things for the Family Just after the April 25 EarthquakeMunicipality

Priority 1 Priority 2 Priority 3 Priority 4 Priority 5 Priority 6 Priority 7 Priority 8 Priority 9 Priority 10

Priority 11 Priority 12 Not

mentioned

Lalitpur 44 4 2 1 2 1 6Budhanilkantha 36 9 4 2 2 1 3 3Bhaktapur 47 7 2 1 1 1 1Total 127 20 8 4 2 3 2 1 0 1 3 0 9Lalitpur 12 8 4 4 4 2 1 1 24Budhanilkantha 10 5 5 5 1 1 2 1 2 1 27Bhaktapur 1 1 1 1 4 10 19 13 7 2 1Total 11 18 14 10 9 15 21 16 9 4 2 0 51Lalitpur 6 5 9 6 8 5 3 1 17Budhanilkantha 1 6 7 7 5 3 2 29Bhaktapur 4 9 24 14 5 2 2Total 1 16 21 40 25 11 12 5 2 1 0 0 46Lalitpur 1 6 4 3 7 4 10 3 2 20Budhanilkantha 1 3 2 7 6 3 3 2 1 2 30Bhaktapur 1 3 10 20 15 8 2 1Total 1 2 12 16 30 28 15 15 5 4 2 0 50Lalitpur 3 9 12 5 9 6 5 1 1 9Budhanilkantha 6 11 2 6 4 3 2 1 25Bhaktapur 9 21 20 5 2 1 1 1Total 12 30 38 21 13 13 9 4 3 2 1 0 34Lalitpur 1 2 4 3 5 6 3 4 9 1 1 21Budhanilkantha 1 4 1 3 7 3 4 3 7 27Bhaktapur 1 3 2 2 1 10 17 18 4 2Total 2 3 7 9 8 10 20 24 31 7 10 1 48Lalitpur 2 2 1 2 2 2 3 5 2 4 1 34Budhanilkantha 3 3 3 3 5 6 1 3 3 7 23Bhaktapur 1 1 2 1 4 6 13 19 8 4 1Total 0 6 6 6 6 11 14 17 27 13 15 2 57Lalitpur 1 2 3 3 1 2 3 2 5 7 2 29Budhanilkantha 1 1 4 3 2 8 1 1 2 7 30Bhaktapur 3 1 1 6 6 16 22 5Total 2 1 6 9 6 10 9 10 20 34 12 2 59Lalitpur 1 2 3 2 6 5 5 1 3 4 5 23Budhanilkantha 4 19 7 9 7 2 1 11Bhaktapur 1 2 2 7 8 5 4 12 16 9Total 5 21 11 13 15 14 14 6 7 16 21 9 34Lalitpur 6 6 5 2 2 1 3 4 1 30Budhanilkantha 5 18 7 9 7 1 1 12Bhaktapur 2 18 19 9 6 2 1 1 1 1Total 13 42 31 20 15 3 2 2 3 5 2 0 42Lalitpur 2 2 3 5 1 1 1 1 4 7 1 32Budhanilkantha 3 1 4 2 1 1 10 5 5 2 26Bhaktapur 1 3 1 3 4 2 2 9 34 1Total 6 6 7 8 2 5 15 7 8 15 41 2 58Lalitpur 1 1 1 1 56Budhanilkantha 4 6 2 48Bhaktapur 1 1 2 1Total 4 6 3 0 0 2 1 0 2 2 0 1 104

Medicines

Others

Rescue Services

Daily Food

Electricity Supply


Safe Drinking Water

Medical Centers

Warm Blankets


Safe Sheltering Place

Roofing Sheets

Necessary Things

Given Priority by the Respondent (Number)

Table 27: No. of Family members known about Evacuate in case of Disaster

Yes No Don't Khow15 2026 18 2

8 16 2 2

2 20

16 19 1

12 201 18 2

15 16 4

13 19 1

Total 166 12

Table 28: No. of Family Aware about Earthquake through Government or Non-Government Agencies and taken part by Family Members

Yes No Don't Khow Yes No15 11 6 3 8 326 8 7 5 6 2

8 12 6 2 11 1

2 5 15 5

16 3 17 1 2

12 1 19 11 3 17 315 3 17 1 213 6 13 1 4 2

Total 52 117 11 36 16

Yes No Don't Khow15 16 3 126 12 4 4

8 13 3 4

2 14 1 6

16 7 2 11

12 16 41 9 4 7

15 5 11 4

13 10 6 4

Total 102 34 45

Budhanilakantha

Bhaktapur

Bhaktapur

Table 29: No. of Respondents think able to cope with Future Disaster like Earthquake

Municipality Ward Respondent think to cope with future

Lalitpur

Municipality Ward Was there any awarenss program was there any of HH

Lalitpur

Budhanilakantha

Municipality Ward Knowledge about evacuation (No. of

Lalitpur

Budhanilakantha

Bhaktapur

1. Safe Evacuatio

n

2. First aid to insured persons

3. Rescue of trapped persons

4. Emergency

Supply

5. Drinking Water

6.Evacuation Sites

7. Getting necessary

information from Govt.

15 16 12 11 8 14 11 726 10 7 3 5 7 8 68 12 6 4 4 6 9 52 14 5 7 5 11 11 716 5 3 4 4 5 5 312 13 4 5 4 8 13 51 9 4 4 3 2 2 215 8 6 4 2 2 3 113 10 8 7 4 4 3

Total 87 57 50 42 59 66 39

Future improvement of community disaster risk managementTable 31: Knowledge on Community Hazard / Risk Areas/ Vulnerabilities

Yes No Don't Khow15 2026 19 1 18 202 17 1 216 18 1 112 201 2015 19 1.013 20

Total 173 3 5

Table 32: Knowledge on how to provide first aid/ medical assistance to injured persons


8 20

2 18 2

16 12 6 2

12 19 11 20

15 20

13 19 1

Total 165 13 2

Lalitpur

Budhanilakantha

Bhaktapur

Lalitpur

Budhanilakantha

Bhaktapur

Municipality Ward Responses (No.)

Lalitpur

Budhanilakantha

Bhaktapur


Table 30: No. of Respondents think able to manage safer means for future disasters like earthquake

Municipality Ward

Number of responses by options (Multiple responses)

Table 33: Knowledge on how to evacuate to the safe places in each type of disaster


8 20

2 17 3

16 13 7

12 201 20

15 20

13 19 1

Total 165 15 0

Table 34: Knowledge on how to save trapped perons (search and rescue)


8 20

2 19 1

16 19 1

12 201 20

15 20

13 19 1

Total 173 7 0

Lalitpur

Budhanilakantha

Bhaktapur

Lalitpur

Budhanilakantha

Bhaktapur



Table 35: Knowledge on how to build earthquake resistant houses/ retrofit buildings


8 20

2 20

16 19 1

12 201 20

15 20

13 18 1 1

Total 173 5 2

Table 36: Knowledge on how to organize community disaster management committee

Yes No Don't Khow15 16 1 326 14 6

8 19 1

2 19 1

16 16 2 2

12 201 20

15 20

13 19 1

Total 163 12 5

In addition to the above, what measures and activities your community should take, to better manage the future disasters ?

Table 37: Designate evacuation sites/ places


8 20

2 13 3 4

16 15 1 4

12 201 20

15 20

13 19 1

Total 165 4 11

Lalitpur

Budhanilakantha

Bhaktapur

Lalitpur

Budhanilakantha

Bhaktapur


Lalitpur

Budhanilakantha

Bhaktapur



Table 38: Organize/ form community disaster management committee/ groups

Yes No Don't Khow15 16 2 226 16 4

8 19 1

2 16 2 2

16 19 1

12 201 20

15 19 1

13 19 1

Total 164 5 11

Table 39: Stock emergecy diaster relief materials for the community


8 20

2 20

16 19 1

12 201 20

15 20

13 19 1

Total 176 0 4

Table 40:Conduct disaster drills and training for each household and community


8 20

2 20

16 19 1

12 201 19 1

15 20

13 19 1

Total 175 0 5

Lalitpur

Budhanilakantha

Bhaktapur

Lalitpur

Budhanilakantha

Bhaktapur


Lalitpur

Budhanilakantha

Bhaktapur



Table 41:Provide disaster risk reduction education in schools


8 20

2 19 1

16 19 1

12 201 2015 2013 19 1

Total 174 1 5

Table 42:Make the streets wider for vehicles to pass

Yes No Don't Khow15 18 1 126 18 2

8 202 11 3 6

16 14 2 4

12 201 20

15 20

13 20

Total 161 6 13

Lalitpur

Budhanilakantha

Bhaktapur

Lalitpur

Budhanilakantha

Bhaktapur



Output Tables Based on Community Interview Data - Activity 4

Table1: Households and Population

Male Female Total15 3276 9000 10000 19000 5.826 1750 5000 5500 10500 6.08 2000 5104 5670 10774 5.42 380 998 1053 2051 5.416 1350 4030 4052 8082 6.012 5240 14521 15479 30000 5.71 840 2426 2379 4805 5.713 780 2187 2019 4206 5.415 1120 3164 2900 6064 5.4

Total 16736 46430 49052 95482 5.7

Table- 2 : Tetative Number of Day-Night time Population within the Selected Wards

Population (in %)At DaytimeAt Night time

15 3276 3291 33.0 95.026 1750 1776 60.0 99.08 2000 2008 50.0 95.02 380 382 60.0 99.016 1350 1366 60.0 99.012 5240 5252 50.0 95.01 840 841 35.0 99.013 780 793 75.0 95.015 1120 1135 70.0 98.0

Total 16736 16844 54.8 97.1

Table- 3 : Population Grouwth Rate based on Community Perception)

1984 1989 1994 1999 2004 2009 201415 1.0 2.0 2.5 2.0 1.8 2.0 2.226 2.0 2.3 2.5 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.08 0.8 0.9 1.3 2.5 2.8 1.9 0.82 1.1 1.3 1.9 2.9 5.3 4.2 2.116 1.2 1.5 1.8 2.3 4.1 3.2 2.012 0.6 0.7 0.8 1.2 2.5 3.1 1.51 1.8 2.5 1.2 1.9 2.1 2.5 1.713 2.0 1.7 1.8 2.0 2.0 1.8 2.115 2.9 2.7 2.0 2.5 1.4 1.5 1.7

Total 1.5 1.7 1.7 2.3 2.8 2.6 2.0

Lalitpur

Budhanilakantha

Bhaktapur

Total Population

Lalitpur

Budhanilakantha

Bhaktapur

Municipality ward Population Growth rate by Year (in %)

Lalitpur

Budhanilakantha

Bhaktapur


Municipality ward HHs Population Av. Family Size

Table-4: Percent of HH ownership by Genger

Male Ownership Total15 3276 80.0 100.026 1750 85.0 100.08 2000 90.0 100.02 380 95.0 100.016 1350 80.0 100.012 5240 90.0 100.01 840 96.0 100.013 780 95.0 100.015 1120 92.0 100.0

Total 16736 89.2 100.0

Table-5: Percent of Household by Family Size

1-3 Mem. 4-6 Mem. 7-10 Mem. 10 + Mm. Total15 25.0 60.0 10.0 5.0 100.026 2.0 90.0 6.0 2.0 100.08 13.0 70.0 15.0 2.0 100.02 20.0 65.0 14.0 1.0 100.016 20.0 60.0 19.0 1.0 100.012 25.0 60.0 14.0 1.0 100.01 15.0 70.0 10.0 5.0 100.013 15.0 80.0 4.0 1.0 100.015 15.0 80.0 4.0 1.0 100.0

Total 16.7 70.6 10.7 2.1 100.0

Table-6: Permanent, In-migrated, Temporary and Total Population within selected wards

30 years 20 years 10 years 5 years15 19000 150 350 2500 3000 5000 2400026 10500 275 1650 2200 825 2500 130008 10774 227 338 699 578 974 117482 2051 220 200 575 300 820 287116 8082 510 227 791 438 1660 974212 30000 2791 3127 7912 3211 12000 420001 4805 55 97 577 133 203 500813 4206 200 350 500 250 1000 520615 6064 150 120 290 400 2000 8064

Total 95482 4578 6459 16044 9135 26157 121639

Total Population

Lalitpur

Budhanilakantha

Bhaktapur

Bhaktapur

Municipality ward Permanent Residents

Migrated from Outside with last… Temporary Rented

10.8

Municipality ward Family Size (in %)

Lalitpur

Budhanilakantha

Budhanilakantha5.020.010.0

Bhaktapur4.05.08.0

HH onership (%)Female Ownership

Lalitpur20.015.010.0


Table-7 : Caste Ethnic Group

B/C Thakuri Newar Hill Ethnic Terai Ethnic Dalit Total15 3276 40.0 10.0 30.0 15.0 1.0 4.0 100.026 1750 60.0 5.0 26.0 5.0 1.0 3.0 100.08 2000 3.0 95.0 2.0 100.02 380 25.0 1.0 48.0 22.0 1.0 3.0 100.0

16 1350 5.0 90.0 3.0 2.0 100.012 5240 45.0 25.0 23.0 2.0 1.0 4.0 100.01 840 100 100.0

13 780 1 99 100.015 1120 1 98 1 100.0

Total 16736 29.6 10.3 51.7 5.1 0.6 2.6 100.0

Table -8 Age Group% of 5-15 Years Popn

Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female15 10.0 10.0 15.0 13.0 30.0 30.0 40.0 41.0 5.0 6.0 100.0 100.026 10.0 10.0 15.0 13.0 25.0 20.0 40.0 45.0 10.0 12.0 100.0 100.08 4.3 4.0 13.0 15.5 18.4 19.8 60.2 55.5 4.2 5.2 100.0 100.02 8.6 6.9 10.8 11.1 26.8 27.9 50.4 50.5 3.3 3.6 100.0 100.016 11.2 7.5 12.7 12.3 17.6 16.7 51.9 60.0 6.7 3.6 100.0 100.012 7.0 7.1 10.6 7.4 28.0 28.1 51.0 54.5 3.4 2.9 100.0 100.01 20.8 13.2 14.1 13.6 20.9 21.4 31.7 34.5 12.5 17.3 100.0 100.013 12.8 13.2 16.0 16.8 24.2 28.1 41.0 36.4 5.9 5.4 100.0 100.015 10.5 8.6 21.4 19.9 25.9 26.8 38.5 41.0 3.8 3.6 100.0 100.0

Total 9.3 8.3 13.5 12.1 25.4 25.3 46.4 48.6 5.4 5.7 100.0 100.0

% of above 75 Years Popn

Budhanilakantha

Bhaktapur

Total% of below 5 Children

Lalitpur

Lalitpur

Budhanilakantha

Bhaktapur

Municipality ward% of 16-25 Years Popn % of 26-75 Years Popn

Municipality ward HHs Ethnic Group

Table-9 Educational Status of above 5 years aged population by municipality and wards

Beginners Primary SecondaryH. SecondaryBachlor Masters Unidentified15 10.0 15.0 25.0 20.0 15.0 10.0 5.0 100.026 10.0 15.0 30.0 25.0 10.0 5.0 5.0 100.08 10.0 20.0 36.0 20.0 5.0 5.0 4.0 100.02 6.0 40.0 26.0 20.0 4.0 2.0 2.0 100.016 10.0 30.0 30.0 15.0 10.0 4.0 1.0 100.012 2.0 30.0 40.0 20.0 5.0 2.0 1.0 100.01 5.0 40.0 35.0 10.0 5.0 1.0 4.0 100.013 5.0 50.0 25.0 10.0 5.0 2.0 3.0 100.015 5.0 60.0 15.0 10.0 5.0 2.0 3.0 100.0

Total 6.6 27.6 31.9 18.6 7.9 4.4 2.9 100.0

Hindu Buddist Islam Chiristianity Others15 69.7 27.8 0.5 2.0 100.026 76.0 20.0 1.0 2.0 1.0 100.08 75.0 20.0 5.0 100.02 90.0 6.0 2.0 2.0 100.016 95.0 2.0 2.0 1.0 100.012 80.0 15.0 1.0 4.0 100.01 92.0 5.0 1.5 1.5 100.013 90.0 5.0 5.0 100.015 90.0 8.0 2.0 100.0

Total 84.2 12.1 0.2 1.2 2.4 100.0

Table -11 Vulnerable Population and Average Travelers within the sample wards

No. Disable Others Total15 12 5012 5026 50 50 600 308 20 100 1320 252 15 835 2016 13 1673 3012 22 12022 5001 25 1025 60013 15 1015 450015 10 2010 10000

Total 182 150 25512 1575525180

Budhanilakantha820166012000

Bhaktapur100010002000

No. of Travelers Temporary Residentials

Lalitpur50005001200

Lalitpur

Budhanilakantha

Bhaktapur

Municipality ward Vulnerable Population

Lalitpur

Budhanilakantha

Bhaktapur



Table-12: Social Condition (Adult Literacy Rate, Poverty Rate, Infant Mortality Rate and Unimployment Rate)

15 95.0 2.0 1.0 55.026 94.0 2.0 1.0 25.08 85.0 1.0 0.5 45.02 75.0 5.0 1.0 45.016 80.0 10.0 0.5 20.012 94.0 20.0 0.5 40.01 90.0 10.0 0.5 60.013 90.0 5.0 0.1 29.015 90.0 1.0 0.0 20.0

Total 88.1 6.2 0.6 37.7

2 Economic ConditionTable-13: Main Source of Household Income by wards

Agriculture Industry Busines Employme House Rent Others*15 5 6 2 3 1 426 1 6 3 4 2 58 5 2 1 3 4 62 4 6 1 2 3 516 1 6 3 2 4 512 6 5 1 3 2 41 1 5 2 3 4 613 1 6 2 3 4 515 1 6 2 3 4 5

*Ramittance as other source of Income

Table-14 Percent of Family Income by Source

Agriculture Industry Busines Employme Remittence Rent15 1.0 1.0 30.0 10.0 8.0 50.0 100.026 45.0 2.0 15.0 8.0 5.0 25.0 100.08 3.0 30.0 30.0 20.0 2.0 15.0 100.02 10.0 1.0 40.0 30.0 9.0 10.0 100.016 50.0 0.5 15.0 30.0 2.0 2.5 100.012 1.0 3.0 16.0 25.0 15.0 40.0 100.01 10.0 25.0 50.0 10.0 3.0 2.0 100.013 55.0 20.0 15.0 5.0 2.0 3.0 100.015 6.0 14.0 40.0 25.0 10.0 5.0 100.0

Total Average 20.1 10.7 27.9 18.1 6.2 16.9 100.0

Lalitpur

Budhanilakantha

Bhaktapur

Lalitpur

Budhanilakantha

Bhaktapur

Municipality ward Main Source of HH Income (in %) Total

Unimployment Rate

Lalitpur

Budhanilakantha

Bhaktapur

Municipality ward Main Source of HH Income pririty (Major source the first)

Municipality ward Adult Literacy

Poverty Rate (%)

Infant Mortality

Table-15 Average Montly Income Range by Households

below 10,000 to 20,000 50,000 to 75,000 to 100,000 above 15 5.0 15.0 50.0 15.0 10.0 5.0 100.026 2.0 34.0 50.0 10.0 3.0 1.0 100.08 15.0 25.0 40.0 12.0 6.0 2.0 100.02 20.0 25.0 30.0 15.0 5.0 5.0 100.016 12.0 40.0 25.0 15.0 5.0 3.0 100.012 10.0 45.0 25.0 10.0 6.0 4.0 100.01 10.0 25.0 50.0 10.0 3.0 2.0 100.013 20.0 65.0 10.0 4.0 1.0 0.0 100.015 6.0 14.0 40.0 25.0 10.0 5.0 100.0

Total Average 11.1 32.0 35.6 12.9 5.4 3.0 100.0

Table-16 Average Land Holding size by Households

Below 1 1-2 Ropani 2-5 5-10 Above 10 Ropani15 98.0 1.5 0.5 100.026 10.0 5.0 60.0 20.0 5.0 100.08 25.0 40.0 30.0 5.0 0.0 100.02 65.0 9.0 20.0 5.0 1.0 100.016 15.0 20.0 55.0 7.0 3.0 100.012 95.0 4.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 100.01 35.0 50.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 100.013 60.0 20.0 15.0 4.0 1.0 100.015 20.0 60.0 10.0 7.0 3.0 100.0

Total Average 47.0 23.3 21.8 5.9 2.0 100.0

Table-17 Hosing Characteristics in the Sample WardsTraditional Mud Mortar Cement RCC Framed (%)

15 2.0 5.0 90.0 0.0 100.026 3.0 14.0 70.0 3.0 100.08 10.0 20.0 30.0 0.0 100.02 15.0 30.0 50.0 2.0 100.016 1.0 40.0 40.0 10.0 100.012 0.0 28.0 70.0 1.0 100.01 15.0 30.0 20.0 0.0 100.013 98.0 0.5 0.5 0.0 100.015 70.0 10.0 10.0 3.0 100.0

Total Average 23.8 19.7 42.3 2.1 100.012.1

Budhanilakantha

3.09.01.0

Bhaktapur

35.01.07.0

Modern Houses Others (%) TotalMud Mortar with

Lalitpur

3.010.040.0

Lalitpur

Budhanilakantha

Bhaktapur

Municipality Ward Semi- Traditional

Total

Lalitpur

Budhanilakantha

Bhaktapur

Municipality ward Average Land Size (% of HHs) Total

Municipality ward Average Montly Income (% of HHs)

Table-18 House Age Based on the Year of Construction by wards

More than Between 70 to Between Between Between 10 to 25 Between 5 to Below 515 1.0 2.0 5.0 12.0 28.0 50.0 2.0 100.026 5.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 45.0 12.0 8.0 100.08 1.0 1.0 3.0 30.0 35.0 15.0 15.0 100.02 0.0 1.0 4.0 5.0 20.0 40.0 30.0 100.016 0.0 0.0 0.0 20.0 35.0 40.0 5.0 100.012 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.0 30.0 50.0 18.0 100.01 6.0 8.0 9.0 50.0 7.0 15.0 5.0 100.013 25.0 50.0 10.0 8.0 5.0 1.0 1.0 100.015 2.0 20.0 40.0 15.0 12.0 6.0 5.0 100.0

Total Average 4.4 9.7 9.0 17.4 24.1 25.4 9.9 100.0

Table-19 Land Use Patterns in the Sample Wards

Flat Land Terrace15 1.5 0.5 65.0 2.5 0.5 10.0 20.0 100.026 70.0 10.0 10.0 5.0 1.0 1.0 3.0 100.08 20.0 20.0 45.0 8.0 2.0 2.0 3.0 100.02 32.0 30.0 15.0 2.5 0.5 5.0 15.0 100.016 50.0 23.0 20.0 3.0 0.5 0.5 3.0 100.012 1.0 1.0 81.0 10.0 1.0 2.0 4.0 100.01 12.0 5.0 40.0 5.0 1.0 5.0 32.0 100.013 0.0 0.0 60.0 4.0 0.0 35.0 1.0 100.015 55.0 0.0 30.0 3.0 5.0 5.0 2.0 100.0

Total Average 26.8 9.9 40.7 4.8 1.3 7.3 9.2 100.0

Table-20 Geographical Condition of the Land Occupied by the Sample Wards

15 70.0 15.0 10.0 5.0 100.026 80.0 13.0 5.0 2.0 100.08 90.0 7.0 3.0 0.0 100.02 30.0 20.0 30.0 20.0 100.016 20.0 15.0 25.0 40.0 100.012 40.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 100.01 80.0 12.0 7.0 1.0 100.013 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.015 80.0 15.0 5.0 0.0 100.0

Total Average 65.6 13.0 11.7 9.8 100.0

Tarrent Area

Hill Area Total

Lalitpur

Budhanilakantha

Bhaktapur

Budhanilakantha

Bhaktapur

Municipality Ward Flat Area Sloped Area

Commercial / Bazar

Industrial Institutional / Communal

Others Total

Lalitpur

Budhanilakantha

Bhaktapur

Municipality Ward Agriculture Land Residenctial

Municipality Ward House age (in %) Total

Lalitpur

Physical AmenitiesTable-21 Road Network and Road Condition

Narrow Motorable (1 Motorab Earthern Gravel Black 15 1 7 17 3 10 1226 15 12 5 14 15 38 10 5 3 5 10 32 5 5 2 5 5 216 2 5 6 8.5 3 1.512 2 35 10 2 15 301 15 3 7 14 6 513 0.6 0.6 0 0.1 1 0.115 2.5 2.4 2 0.5 0.5 5.9

Total Average 5.9 8.3 5.8 5.8 7.3 6.9

Table-22 Drinking Water Facilities by Source

Piped Line Wells Water Others*15 90.0 5.0 1.0 4.0 100.026 75.0 20.0 5.0 0.0 100.08 20.0 5.0 0.0 75.0 100.02 80.0 5.0 15.0 0.0 100.016 80.0 10.0 10.0 0.0 100.012 25.0 65.0 2.0 8.0 100.01 30.0 20.0 35.0 15.0 100.013 30.0 20.0 0.0 50.0 100.015 40.0 15.0 15.0 30.0 100.0

Total Average 52.2 18.3 9.2 20.2 100.0* Others included Tanker and Jar Water

Table-23: Availability of Sewer LinesTypes of Sewer (% of HHs)Piped Line Septic Tank None

15 60.0 40.0 0.0 100.026 2.0 95.0 3.0 100.08 4.0 95.0 1.0 100.02 0.0 98.0 2.0 100.016 0.0 100.0 0.0 100.012 80.0 15.0 5.0 100.01 90.0 10.0 0.0 100.013 100.0 0.0 0.0 100.015 99.0 1.0 0.0 100.0

Total Average 48.3 50.4 1.2 100.0

Budhanilakantha

Bhaktapur

Budhanilakantha

Bhaktapur

Municipality Ward Total

Lalitpur

Bhaktapur

Municipality Ward Types of Water Source used (% of HHs) Total

Lalitpur

Municipality Ward Road Network (in Km) Road Condition (in km)

Lalitpur

Budhanilakantha

Table-24: Solid Waste Disposal systems Adopted by Households

Collected Not Collected15 99.0 1.0 100.026 75.0 25.0 100.08 99.0 1.0 100.02 0.0 100.0 100.016 20.0 80.0 100.012 99.0 1.0 100.01 90.0 10.0 100.013 99.0 1.0 100.015 100.0 0.0 100.0

Total Average 75.7 24.3 100.0

Table-25: Availability of Electricity and Telephone Facilities in the Sample wards

Yes No Yes No15 100.0 0.0 85.0 15.026 100.0 0.0 50.0 50.08 100.0 0.0 60.0 40.02 100.0 0.0 48.0 52.016 100.0 0.0 65.0 35.012 100.0 0.0 50.0 50.01 100.0 0.0 25.0 75.013 100.0 0.0 25.0 75.015 100.0 0.0 40.0 60.0

Total Average 100.0 0.0 49.8 50.2

Table 26: Availability of Public Transporation Route within Sample Wards

Local Bus Tempo/Miro- No 15 5 3 026 5 2 08 1 1 02 0 0 116 2 1 012 5 2 01 2 0 013 0 0 115 3 0 0

Total 23 9 2

Lalitpur

Budhanilakantha

Bhaktapur

Lane line Telephone (% of HHs)

Lalitpur

Budhanilakantha

Bhaktapur

Municipality Ward Types of Local Transportation Route

Lalitpur

Budhanilakantha

Bhaktapur

Municipality Ward NEA Line Available (% of HHs)

Municipality Ward Disposal Practice ( % of HHs) Total

Table 27: Number of Academic Institutions available within wards

Kindergarte Primary Seconda Higher Collage University15 11 1 16 5 10 0 4326 2 1 4 1 0 0 88 1 4 5 1 2 0 132 0 0 1 0 0 0 116 1 1 1 0 0 0 312 10 4 7 3 1 0 251 3 1 1 1 2 0 813 0 0 0 1 1 0 215 0 2 5 0 0 0 7

Total 28 14 40 12 16 0 110

Table 28: Number of Health Institutions available within wards

No. of Drug Stores Private ClinicsHealth PostsHealth Centers Hospital

15 0 10 0 1 1 1226 3 1 0 1 1 68 2 6 0 1 0 92 0 0 0 0 0 016 0 0 0 1 0 112 20 5 0 1 1 271 5 2 0 1 0 813 0 1 0 0 0 115 3 0 0 1 0 4

Total 33 25 0 7 3 68

Table 29: Average Time to Visit Major Health Institutions from the Mid of settlement

Health Center Hospital Birthing Center15 5 526 5 15 30

8 10 15 15

2 5 30 20

16 20 30 20

12 10 5 51 5 20 20

13 5 10 10

15 5 15 15

Total 8 16 15

Lalitpur

Budhanilakantha

Bhaktapur

Lalitpur

Budhanilakantha

Bhaktapur

Municipality Ward Average Time taken (by vehicle in

Total

Lalitpur

Budhanilakantha

Bhaktapur

Municipality Ward Total

Municipality Ward No. of Institutions

Table 30: Major Disasters Accorded in the Community/ward

15

26

8

2

16

12

1

13

15

Table 31: Past Sever (Large Scale) Disaster in the Community based on Community Experience

Date (Month Number Number of Economic Damage

Earthquake 25-Apr-15 5 20000 50,000,000.00 Landslide 20-Aug-10 0 200 500,000.00 Earthquake 25-Apr-15 1 1000 50,000,000.00

Earthquake 25-Apr-15 1 20 100,000,000.00

Earthquake 25-Apr-15 4 2000 20,000,000.00

Earthquake 25-Apr-15 0 800 15,000,000.00 Landslide Jul-01 1 0 100,000.00 Earthquake 25-Apr-15 18 10000 80,000,000.00

Earthquake 25-Apr-15 53 3000 100,000,000.00 Flood 20-Aug-15 0 20 1,000,000.00 Earthquake 25-Apr-15 4 200 5,000,000,000.00

Earthquake 25-Apr-05 6 30000 2,000,000,000.00 Fire 5/1/2014 and 0 130 5,000,000.00

Total 93 67370 7,421,600,000.00

15

12120 HHs were Damaged

Bhaktapur

1

13

8

Budhanilakantha

220 HHs Damaged

16

Municipality Ward Type of Disaster

Damage Remarks (Details of the disaster, if available)

Lalitpur

15

26

Bhaktapur

EARTHQUAKE FLOODEARTHQUAKEEARTHQUAKE FIRE

Budhanilakantha

EARTHQUAKEEARTHQUAKE LANDSLIDEEARTHQUAKE FLOOD

Lalitpur

EARTHQUAKE LANDSLIDE/FLOODSEARTHQUAKEEARTHQUAKE

Information on DRRM

Municipality Ward Type of DisasterRank 1 Rank 2

Table 32: Existance of Community Disaster Management Committee (CDMC) at the Sample Ward

No15

26

8

2 No16 No12 No1 No13

15 NoTotal 5

Table 33: Availability of DRM Facilities/Tools in the Selected Wards

Designated Community Early Search and Food stocks for the Any other Public 15 Yes No No Yes No Yes Yes26 No Yes No Yes No No Yes8 No Yes No Yes No No Yes2 No No No No No No Yes16 No Yes No No No No Yes12 No Yes No No No No Yes1 No No No No No No Yes13 No Yes No No No Yes No15 No No No No No No YesYes 1 5 0 3 0 2 8No 8 4 9 6 9 7 1

Table 34:Community based Disaster Management Exercise (Evacuation Drill etc) Conducted in the Community

15

26

8

2

16

12

1

13

15

Total 5 4

Bhaktapur

YesYesYes No

Budhanilakantha

No

NoNo

Lalitpur

YesYesYes

Budhanilakantha

Bhaktapur

Total

Municipality Ward Any types of DRM activity conducted?Yes No

4

Municipality Ward Is there following facilities/tools in your community? (Yes/No)

Lalitpur

Bhaktapur Yes 2014

Yes 2012

Budhanilakantha

Municipality Ward Is there CDMC?Yes Date of

Lalitpur

Yes 2012Yes 2013

Table-35: Details of DRM Activities Conducted in the Community

Target Date (Month Venue Organizers Number of the Target Earthquake 29-Dec-13 SatdobatoANFO, CDMC 1000 800Earthquake 1-Mar-15 TalchhikhelCDMC 500 400Earthquake 25-Dec-13 SatdobatoCDMC 48 40

26 Earthquake 2-Sep-15 SunakothiOXFAM & ANFO 200 408 Earthquake Jul-14 Goitole NEPAL 150 402

16 Earthquake May-15 ChunikhelCHUNIKHE 200 200FLOODS Jun-14 BaluwakhaniREDCROS 20 50Earthquake 9-May-15 GothataarMUNCIPALI 60 100

1 Earthquake 26-Jan-11 Suryamati REDCROSS 40 5013 Earthquake Jun-14 School REDCROSS 200 20015

Total 2418 1920

preparation mechanism of first aid/ what to do preventive risk formation Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes YesYes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

26 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes8 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No2

16

12

1

13 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes15

Table-37: School Education Program on Disaster Risk Reduction Conducted in Community

Yes No Don't Know Date (Month 15 Yes 24-Dec-1326 Yes Apr-158 Yes May-152 No

16 Yes Apr-1512 Yes Aug-151 No

13 Yes Nov-1415 No

Total 6 3

Budhanilakantha EarthquakeEarthquake

Bhaktapur Earthquake

Was the program Conducted? Activities DetailsTarget disaster (multi hazard,

Lalitpur

EarthquakeEarthquakeEarthquake

Lalitpur15

Budhanilakantha

Bhaktapur

Municipality Ward

Budhanilakantha

12

Bhaktapur

Table-36: Contents of the DRM Program Conducted in the Community

Municipality Ward Contents of the Program (please tick all applicable contents)

Municipality Ward Activities Details

Lalitpur

15

7Table- 38 Community Felt need to have knowledge on DRM Based on the Responses of the participants

Municipality Ward Knowledge on Community

Knowledge on how to

Knowledge on how to save trapped perons

Knowledge on how to 15 Yes No No No

26 Yes Yes Yes Yes

8 Yes Yes Yes Yes

2 Yes Yes Yes Yes

16 Yes Yes Yes Yes

12 Yes Yes Yes Yes

1 Yes Yes Yes Yes

13 Yes Yes Yes No15 Yes Yes Yes No

Total 9 8 8 6

Municipality Ward Designate Stock Conduct disaster Make the 15 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes26 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes8 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes2 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes16 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes12 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes1 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes13 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes15 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

Total 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9

Organize/ form Provide disaster risk

Lalitpur

Budhanilakantha

Bhaktapur

8 9

Table- 39 Measures and Activities need to be taken in the community to better manage the Based on the Response of the Participants

Bhaktapur

Yes YesYes YesYes Yes

Yes

Budhanilakantha

Yes YesYes YesYes Yes

Future Activities for Improving Disaster Risk Management In the Community

Knowledge on how to provide first aid/ medical assistance to

Knowledge on how to build earthquake resistant houses/

Lalitpur

No YesYes Yes

Yes

19. Government and related organizations should manage destructed houses, risk monuments and other things, as well need to

13. Government should ensure the mobile treatment plans and emergency storage and distribution systems to increase the quantity 14. Ensure the most essence drinking water source, established hospitals and emergency vehicles (ambulance) for upcoming 15. Public supportive programme should be held in future for decreasing disaster related difficulties, should be included: awareness 16. Health posts, health Centre, is needed for treatment in this ward 17. For the purpose of disaster relief (fire-caught, earthquake, floods, landslides, etc.) the road structure should widened to ensure 18. River sides/banks need to be well protected to secure the community from the potential flood and side-cutting;

7. CDMC should be well equipped and they should have managing skills at momentum and ambulance is most needed8. Need to provide proper budget to community disaster management committee 9. Not only forming the disaster management committee but should have to well-equipped and strong capacity on disaster 10. Ensure all people have knowledge about disasters and related stuffs as well as need to provide minimal knowledge to all and 11. Rescue, relief distribution should be top priority of Government and the proper management of authoritative bodies in the 12. The Construction (Design and Management) Regulation should make and follow by each citizen;

1. Find out the Evacuation Place and mange it, widened road structure, proven the hospitals2. To form the disaster management committee (where not formed yet)3. Need to conduct awareness program to people for build an Earthquake resistance houses or construction,4. Need to stock food and beverages, should have to health facilities 5. Manage safe drinking water after the disaster6. Manage and should have disaster related equipment’s to providing relief (e.g. helmet, stretcher, medicines etc.)

Table-40: Communities' Suggestions for incorporing in the Disaster Management Plan

Priority 1

Priority 2

Priority 3

Priority 4 Priority 5 Priority

6Priority

7Priority

8Priority

9Priority

10Priority

11Priority

12Not

mentioned44 4 2 1 2 1 636 9 4 2 2 1 3 3

80 13 6 3 2 3 1 0 0 0 3 0 912 8 4 4 4 2 1 1 24

10 5 5 5 1 1 2 1 2 1 27

10 17 13 9 5 5 2 3 2 2 1 0 516 5 9 6 8 5 3 1 17

1 6 7 7 5 3 2 29

1 12 12 16 11 11 7 3 0 1 0 0 461 6 4 3 7 4 10 3 2 20

1 3 2 7 6 3 3 2 1 2 30

1 1 9 6 10 13 7 13 5 3 2 0 503 9 12 5 9 6 5 1 1 9

6 11 2 6 4 3 2 1 25

3 9 18 16 11 12 9 3 3 1 1 0 341 2 4 3 5 6 3 4 9 1 1 21

1 4 1 3 7 3 4 3 7 27

1 3 4 7 6 9 10 7 13 3 8 1 482 2 1 2 2 2 3 5 2 4 1 343 3 3 3 5 6 1 3 3 7 23

0 5 5 4 5 7 8 4 8 5 11 1 571 2 3 3 1 2 3 2 5 7 2 291 1 4 3 2 8 1 1 2 7 30

2 1 6 6 5 9 3 4 4 12 7 2 591 2 3 2 6 5 5 1 3 4 5 234 19 7 9 7 2 1 11

5 21 10 11 13 7 6 1 3 4 5 0 346 6 5 2 2 1 3 4 1 305 18 7 9 7 1 1 12

11 24 12 11 9 1 1 1 3 4 1 0 422 2 3 5 1 1 1 1 4 7 1 323 1 4 2 1 1 10 5 5 2 26

5 3 7 7 2 2 11 5 6 6 7 1 581 1 1 1 56

4 6 2 48

4 6 3 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 104Others

LalitpurBudhanilkanthaBhaktapur

Total

Daily FoodLalitpurBudhanilkanthaBhaktapur

Total

MedicinesLalitpurBudhanilkanthaBhaktapur

Total



Total

Rescue Services


Total

Medical Centers


Total

Electricity Supply


Total



Total

Safe Drinking Water


Total

Roofing SheetsLalitpurBudhanilkanthaBhaktapur

Total

Warm BlanketsLalitpurBudhanilkanthaBhaktapur

Total

Necessary Things Municipality

Given Priority by the Respondent (Number)

Safe Sheltering Place


Total

Unit Cost Estimate1 Building Structure

Ground Floor Only + 1 Floor + 2 Floors + 3 Floors + 4 Floors Ground Floor

Only + 1 Floor + 2 Floors + 3 Floors + 4 Floors Ground Floor Only + 1 Floor + 2 Floors + 3 Floors + 4 Floors

A Residential BuildingsArea sq.m. 40 40Rate NRs. per sq.m. 2,600 2,000

Amount NRs. 104,000 80,000 Area sq.m. 40 40 40 Rate NRs. per sq.m. 13,100 10,400 11,200

Amount NRs. 524,000 416,000 448,000 Area sq.m. 40 40 40 Rate NRs. per sq.m. 19,600 15,700 17,200



Amount NRs. 1,332,000 1,020,000 1,122,000 Area sq.m. 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 Rate NRs. per sq.m. 26,100 23,500 24,700 25,800 27,100 32,600 26,100 27,400 28,800 30,200 41,800 36,500 38,400 40,300 42,400

Amount NRs. 1,566,000 1,410,000 1,482,000 1,548,000 1,626,000 1,956,000 1,566,000 1,644,000 1,728,000 1,812,000 2,508,000 2,190,000 2,304,000 2,418,000 2,544,000 Area sq.m. 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 Rate NRs. per sq.m. 32,600 28,700 30,100 31,600 33,300 39,200 35,200 37,000 38,800 40,800 45,700 40,500 42,500 44,600 46,600

Amount NRs. 1,956,000 1,722,000 1,806,000 1,896,000 1,998,000 2,352,000 2,112,000 2,220,000 2,328,000 2,448,000 2,742,000 2,430,000 2,550,000 2,676,000 2,796,000 Area sq.m. 50 50 Rate NRs. per sq.m. 32,600 26,100

Amount NRs. 1,630,000 1,305,000 Area sq.m. 40 40 Rate NRs. per sq.m. 5,200 3,900

Amount NRs. 208,000 156,000

B School Buildings Unit100-250

Students250-500

Students500-750

Students750-1000 Students Remarks

Area sq.m. 500 1,000 1,500 2,000

Rate NRs. per sq.m. 35,300 35,300 35,300 35,300

Amount NRs. 17,650,000 35,300,000 52,950,000 70,600,000

C Hospital Buildings Unit 25-50 Bed 50-75 Bed 75- 100 Bed 100-150 Bed 150-200 Bed 200-250 Bed 250-300 Bed Remarks

Area sq.m. 2,300 3,300 4,600 7,000 9,300 11,600 13,900

Rate NRs. per sq.m. 70,700 49,500 56,600 63,600 70,700 77,800 84,800

Amount NRs. 162,610,000 163,350,000 260,360,000 445,200,000 657,510,000 902,480,000 1,178,720,000

D Administrative BuildingsUnit

Remarks

Area sq.m.

Rate NRs. per sq.m.

Amount NRs.

E Commercial BuildingsUnit

Remarks

Area sq.m.

Rate NRs. per sq.m.

Amount NRs.

1500 1500 1500

53,000 66,300 79,500

79,500,000 99,450,000 119,250,000

42,400 53,000 63,600

63,600,000 79,500,000 95,400,000

Basic Structure Basic Structure + Medium Finish Basic Structure + High Finish

1500 1500 1500

Wooden frame

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

Traditional Houses

Stone with mud mortar

Stone with cement mortar

Brick with mud mortar

Brick with cement mortar

Basic Structure + High Finishing

Interviewed with house

owner

Interviewed with

contractor

RemarksBuilding structure type

Basic Structure Basic Structure + Medium Finishing

Unit

School and Colleges Building area

(Sq.m.) = 90 sq.m. for 50 student + 10%

RC frame, non-engineered

RC frame, engineered

Steel

Basic Structure Basic Structure + Medium Finish Basic Structure + High Finish

2 Infrastructure

3.5 m width 5.5 m width 7m width 3.5 m width 5.5 m width 7m width 3.5 m width 5.5 m width 7m width

Rate NRs. per KM 2,100,000 3,300,000 4,200,000 5,600,000 8,800,000 11,200,000 18,200,000 28,600,000 36,400,000 7,200,000 DOR Estimates

3.5 m width 7m width

Rate NRs. per M. 700,000 1,000,000 DOR Estimates

2" GI Pipe 4" GI Pipe 6" DI Pipe 8" DI Pipe 10" DI Pipe

Rate NRs. per M. 2,000 4,300 7,400 9,700 12,500With All

Accessories DOWSS

Estimates

300mm Hume Pipe

600 mm Hume Pipe

900 mm Hume Pipe

1200 mm Hume Pipe Manhole / no

Rate NRs. per M. 5,500 8,400 15,900 18,600 50,000 With All Accessories

Single Phase Three Phase

Rate NRs. per M. 1,050,000 4,220,000 500,000With All

Accessories NEA Estimates

Rate NRs. Per One Line USD 350 / line

With All Accessories

NT Estimates

UnitWater Supply Line

1m wide Foot Path, Both

SidesRemarks

RCC Bridge Remarks

Unit

Rigid Pavement (RCC)

Unita Road

b Bridge

c

f Land Line Telephone LineUnit

d Sewage

e Electricity Unit

Low Voltage (400/200 V)

Unit

Size of Sewerline

Remarks

45,000

Distribution Line (with all assoceries) per line coverage 3 km

Medium Voltage (33/11 KV)

Three Phase

7,500,000

Transformer (300 KVA) Remarks

Gravel (Without Structure) Black Topped (Without Structure)

Remarks

Size of Distribution PipelineRemarks

Oriental Consultants Global Co. Ltd., JICA Project Team, Kathmandu

APPENDIX A

Final Report on Supporting Work for Field Survey & Ground Modeling for JICA (Japan International Cooperation Agency)

Aided Project for Assessment of Earthquake Disaster Risk for Kathmandu Valley in Nepal

Job A: Microtremor Measurements in Kathmandu Valley

Submitted by

Three D. Consultants P. Ltd. Kalimati, Kathmandu

Phone No: 01-4273022, Email: [email protected] Web:www.threedcon.com 2nd December, 2015

Three D.

Consultants


2 Activity A: Microtremor Measurements in Kathmandu Valley

Three D. Consultants P. Ltd. Kalimati, Kathmandu www.threedcon.com Page 2

Table of Contents 1: Introduction ................................................................................................ 3 2: Objective of supporting work ................................................................... 3 3: Scope of Work ............................................................................................ 4 4: Microtremor Measurements ..................................................................... 4

4.1 Activity A-1 Array Microtremor Measurements…………...………4

4.2 Activity A-2 L- shape Microtremor measurements ………...… … ..5

4.3 Activity A-2 Single Point Microtremor Measurements.. ……... …...5

4.4 Three Point microtremor measurement ……....…...…...……….....5

5 Progress of work ........................................................................................ 5 Progress in September 2015 ......................................................................... 7

Daily Report for Microtremor Measurement..……………......... ………7

Progress in October 2015 ......................................................................................... …17 Daily Report for Microtremor Measurement……. …………….……….................17

Progress in November 2015 .......................................................................................... 40 Daily Report for Microtremor Measurement….…….....…. ………………………40

6 Summary Table..………………………………………………………. 58



1: Introduction

The recent 25thApril, 2015 Gorkha earthquake of ML 7.8 has resulted in human and property loss of

large scale. The death toll crossed 8,000 and many houses demolished in the most hit 12 districts of

central Nepal. There were cracks and fissures developed in many places in hard hit districts. The strong

shaking has resulted in landslides in many places.

In Kathmandu, many houses, temples, collapsed mainly in Sakhu, Bhaktapur, Bus park, Sitapaila

Bungmati etc. There were sand boiling a result of liquefaction. Landslide also took place at some

locations. However there are locations where damages are at low rate.

Kathmandu being the capital of Nepal draws lot of attentions about the loss of life and property.

Different national and international organizations are conducting scientific research about origin, effect

and risk of earthquake in Kathmandu valley. JICA, the Japan International Cooperation Agency also

initiated a project for Assessment of Earthquake Disaster Risk for Kathmandu Valley. Oriental

Consultants Global Co. Ltd. of Japan is conducting the research and our firm Three D. Consultants P.

Ltd. Nepal is conducting supporting work for field surveys and ground modeling. The agreement to this

effect was signed between Oriental Consultants Global Co. Ltd. and Three D. Consultants P. Ltd. on 21st

September 2015.

2: Objective of supporting work

The objective of the proposed work is

a) to support field surveys on Array Microtremor measurement, L-shape Microtremor

measurements and single point Microtremor measurement

b) to support ground modeling by compiling the survey results, existing boring logs and other

information on topographical, geological, geotechnical, geophysical and geomorphological

features.



These jobs form part of work for the seismic hazard assessment in Kathmandu Valley as a part of the

“Project for Assessment of Earthquake Disaster Risk for Kathmandu Valley in Nepal” by the Consultant

(JICA Project Team).

3: Scope of Work

The project area is the Kathmandu Valley and the data collection sites also lies in different parts inside

the valley. As mentioned above there are two major categories in this work as the following and are

discussed below.

Activity A: Supporting field survey of Array, L-shape and single point Microtremor measurements,

Activity B: Supporting ground modeling and earthquake induced slope failure estimation

This report deals with the supporting field survey of microtremor measurements under activity A only.

A separate report will deal with supporting works under activity B.

4: Microtremor Measurements

4.1 Activity A-1 Array Microtremor Measurements Total number of Array Microtremor measurement is five. At each site isosceles triangles of sides 50m,

100m, 250m and 500m were fixed with common centre. The measurements at each corner of all

triangles and at common centre were made. Altogether measurements at thirteen points were made at

each site. Each time four seismometers were used, which were moved to corners of triangles of larger

sides until all triangles were measured.

Normally two geologists, two technical helpers and one pick up with driver were deputed for the

measurement. However, due to fuel problem less number of helpers were deputed for some time period,

but the progress of activity was maintained at high level.

The target was to complete the measurement at five sites as the following

AM-01: Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur

AM-02: Institute of Engineering, Pulchok



AM-03: CTEVT Sanothimi

AM-04: Tundikhel

AM-05: Bansbari (which was later changed to Manohara)

At each point the fixing of corners of triangles and getting permission to use the survey point were made

prior to actual survey. Microtremor measurements at AM-01 (Tribhuvan University Kirtipur), AM-03

(CTEVT Sanothimi) and AM-05 (Manohara) were made during day time. But measurement at AM-02

(Institute of Engineering Pulchok) and AM-04 (Tundikhel) were made during night time to avoid noise

from heavy traffic from nearby roads.

4.2 Activity A-2 L- shape Microtremor measurements Total number of L-shape Microtremor measurement sites is sixty considering geographical and

geomorphic and ground condition inside the Kathmandu Valley. Each sites were visited prior to actual

measurement for contacting the land owner and to discuss and get permission to use the site. At most of

the measurement sites, landowners were very helpful and permission was obtained easily.

Later on a review was made to see whether all necessary areas have been covered by measurement.

Altogether 14 measurement points were increased to cover all area and to have good coverage.

4.3 Activity A-2 Single Point Microtremor Measurements The single point microtremor measurement was also scheduled for sixty points overlapping with the L-

shape measurements. Later 14 points were added to cover the all area and to have good coverage.

4.4 Three Point microtremor measurement The three point microtremor measurements were later added in the program to cover the measurements

at 39 selected sites.

The details of completed microtremor measurements of array type, L-shape, single point and three

points are presented in Ttable No. 1.

5 Progress of work As mentioned above the overall progress made up to 28 November 2015 is as the following:



1. Array type microtremor measurements 05

2. L-shape microtremor measurements 74

3. Single point microtremor measurements 74

4. Three point microtremor measurements 39

The details of progress of these activities are presented in Table No. 1 and are also presented in the

attached sheets together with photos.

Submitted by

Three D. Consultants P. Ld.

Kalimati, Kathmandu

Phone: 014273022

Email: [email protected]

2nd December 2015

Three D.

Consultants




Progress in September 2015 Daily Report for Microtremor Measurement



Daily Report for Microtremor Measurement Date 21/Sep/2015 (Monday) Name: Ujwal Kumar Maskey, Three D.

Consultants P. Ltd. 1) Measurement L: L-shape MT S: Single MT

Time 10:30~12:00 13:00~14:30 15:30~16:50 Site LS-17 LS-47 LS-07 Site name (Dhobi Chaur) (Hattisar) (Janhit) Location 85.30296,27.21578 85.32326,27.71176 85.33910,27.71360 Photo

Usage Basket court Garden Vacant Noise Quiet A little noisy (car) A little noisy (human) Pitch(L) 2m(13center)2m 2m(12center)2m 1m(13center)2m Time(S) 14:06~14:40(Japan) 16:16~17:02(Japan) 19:07~19:48(Japan) Comment Partial Paved

Report(Ms. Principal, Neighbor)

Government Facility Sand surface Many students walk

Research & Negotiation

• 5 sites research & negotiation (LS-01, LS-02 ,LS-03, LS-04, LS-05) • LS01 Road : no permission • LS02 Owner(Mr.***) ok • LS03 no important man (call after) • LS04 Owner ( Mr.***) refused • LS05 5/Oct 12:00 fixed

Plan of next • • •

Check Date: 21/9/2015 Name:



Daily Report for Microtremor Measurement Date 22/Sep/2015 (Tuesday) Name:Ujwal Kumar Maskey, Three D. Consultants

P. Ltd. 1)Measurement L: L-shape MT S: Single MT

Time 10:30~12:00 13:00~14:30 15:30~16:50 Site LS-57 LS-59 LS-31 Site name

Chunikhel Pasikot Grande Towers, Tokha

Location 85o 21’ 38.61”, 27o 45’ 2.52”

85o 20’ 57.39”, 27o 46’ 1.45”

85o 19’ 35.26”, 27o 45’ 15.80”

Photo

Usage Road Grass land (vacant) Colony Noise A little noisy (human) A little noisy(car) A little noisy(human) Pitch(L) 4m(13center)4m 2m(12center)2m 5m(12center)5m Time(S) - - - Comment

Gravel road Vacant land At the side of road

Sand surface Many people working


• LS61 Government vacant space : no permission • LS60 Road : no permission • LS50 Road : no permission

Plan of next day • LS61 • LS60 • LS50




Daily Report for Microtremor Measurement Date 23/Sep/2015

(Wednesday) Name:Ujwal Kumar Maskey, Three D. Consultants P. Ltd.

1)Measurement L: L-shape MT S: Single MT


Near Mudkhu Phutung Syuchatar

Location 85.29905, 27.75320 85o 18’ 35.2”, 27o 45’ 41.1”

85o 16’ 51”, 27o 41’ 49.2”

Photo

Usage Public place Road Vacant Noise noisy (bus) A little noisy(human) noisy(human) Pitch(L) 2m(center 13)2m 4m (center 13) 4m Time(S) 13:33~14:08 15:49~16:19(Japan) 19:14~19:44(Japan) Comment

Gravel road Gravel Road Many students walk


• LS49 Padma colony (Manger of colony) • LS51 Road : no permission

Plan of next day • LS40 • LS51




Daily Report for Microtremor Measurement Date 24/Sep/2015

(Thursday) Name:Ujwal Kumar Maskey, Three D. Consultants P. Ltd.

1)Measurement L: L-shape MT S: Single MT

Time 11:30~13:00 13:30~15:00 Site LS-49 LS-51 Site name

Padma Colony, Ramkot Machhegaon-6 (near Bishnu Devi temple)

Location 85o 16’ 04.6”, 27o 42’ 55.9”

85.25652, 27.67968

Photo

Usage Colony Road Noise A little noisy (human

and dog) A little noisy(human)

Pitch(L) 5m (center 13) 3m 3m (center 12) 5m Time(S) 14:46~15:16(Japan) 17:23~18:06(Japan) Comment

Sand surface Few people working

Sand surface Little steep


• LS42 Road : no permission • LS14 Road : no permission • LS01 From pepsi company

Plan of next day • LS42

• LS14 • LS01




Daily Report for Microtremor Measurement Date 25/Sep/2015 (Friday) Name:Ujwal Kumar Maskey, Three D. Consultants



Khalpitar Manohara pool, Sano Thimi

Radhe Radhe (inside Pepsi Godawn)

Location 85.36964, 27.66641 85.36617, 27.68575 85.39650, 27.67391 Photo

Usage Road Road Vacant Noise A little noisy (human

and motor bike) A little noisy(human) No noise

Pitch(L) 4m (center 13) 4m 5m(center 13)5m 3.5m (center 13) 3.5m Time(S) 14:04~14:39 15:35~16:06 18:43~19:17 Comment

Gravel road

Constructing road Sand surface

Sand surface


• 4site research & negotiation(LS02: got permission for 28/sep/2015 at noon, LS55, LS56 and LS06)

• LS55 got permission from the contractor • LS56 Road : no permission • LS06 Road : no permission





Daily Report for Microtremor Measurement Date 27/Sep/2015 (Sunday) Name:Ujwal Kumar Maskey, Three D. Consultants



Proposed international cricket stadium, Gokarna

Simaltar, Kapan Gangahiti, Chabahil

Location 85.39034, 27.72170 85.37072, 27.73561 85.34156, 27.72070 Photo

Usage Vacant Field Road Road Noise No noise A little noisy(human) A little noisy (human) Pitch(L) 5m (center 12) 5m 2m (center 12) 2m 5m (center 06) 5m Time(S) 14:42~15:12(Japan) 16:50~17:35(Japan) 19:06~19:56(Japan) Comment

Sand surface

Sand surface Sand surface Few people are working


• LS39 Road : no permission required • LS38 got permission from the land owner and the neighbors





Daily Report for Microtremor Measurement Date 28/Sep/2015 (Monday) Name:Ujwal Kumar Maskey, Three D. Consultants



Libali, Bhaktapur Play ground of Birendra Sainik School, Sallaghari

Mahankal Chowk, Duwakot

Location 85.44293, 27.67009 85.41695, 27.67235 85.41818, 27.69884 Photo

Usage Road Play ground Cultivated field Noise A little noisy(human) No noise A little noisy (human) Pitch(L) 5m ( center 12) 5m 5m (center 13) 5m 5m (center 12) 5m Time(S) 14:01~14:37(Japan) 15:19~15:49 17:25~18:15 Comment

Sand surface

Grass land Silt/clay surface Near school


• LS17 Public youth campus (got permission from campus chief) • LS47 Government Facility (got permission from the government officer

of that facility) • LS07 Vacant field (got permission from the neighbors)





Daily Report for Microtremor Measurement Date 29/Sep/2015 (Tuesday) Name:Ujwal Kumar Maskey, Three D.

Consultants P. Ltd. 1)Measurement

L: L-shape MT

S: Single MT

Time 10:30~12:00 13:00~14:30 15:30~16:50 Site LS-17 LS-47 LS-07 Site name Dhobi Chaur,

Chettrapati ( public youth campus)

Hattisar, Naxal Janhitgalli, Sifal

Location 85.30733, 27.71288 85.32328, 27.71177 85.33915, 27.71356 Photo

Usage Basketball court Garden Vacant Noise No noise No noise A little noisy (human) Pitch(L) 2m (center 13) 2m 2m (center 12) 2m 1m (center 13) 2m Time(S) 14:06~15:03 16:16~16:52 19:07~19:48 Comment Few pavement

Chief of campus request for the result (email : [email protected]

Government facility Sand surface Students are walking

Research & Negotiation • LS65 Public place : no permission• LS15 Road : no permission

Plan of next day • LS65• LS15





Daily Report for Microtremor Measurement Date 30/Sep/2015 (Wednesday) Name:Ujwal Kumar Maskey, Three D.


L: L-shape MT

S: Single MT

Time 10:30~12:00 13:00~14:30 Site LS-65 LS-15 Site name Kitini Samaltol, Harsiddhi Location 85.36745, 27.60673 85.33985, 63649 Photo

Usage Grass land Road Noise No noise No noise Pitch(L) 3m (center 12) 3m 4m(center 13)4m Time(S) 14:33~15:03 16:39~15:09 Comment Silt/clay surface Gravel/brick road

Research & Negotiation • LS44 got permission from SOS hostel administrative staff• LS46 got permission from the Chyasal youth club staff• LS12 Public Road : no permission required

Plan of next day • LS44• LS46• LS12




Progress in October 2015Daily Report for Microtremor Measurement



Daily Report for Microtremor Measurement Date 01/Oct/2015


1)Measurement

L: L-shape MT

S: Single MT

Time 10:30~12:00 13:00~14:30 15:30~16:50 Site LS-44 LS-46 LS-12 Site name SOS Hostel, Koteshwor Chyasal Youth club,

Lalitpur (Chyasal football stadium)

Near Thapathali-Bagmati bridge, UN park

Location 84.34460, 27.67683 85.33435, 27.67749 85.31953, 27.68794 Photo

Usage Basketball court Football field Road Noise A little noisy (car) No noise A little noisy (human) Pitch(L) 3m (center 12) 3m 5m (center 13) 5m 4m (center 12) 4m Time(S) 14:44~15:14(Japan) 16:21~16:51(Japan) 18:09~18:39(Japan) Comment Sand surface

Near the road Football club Grass land

Sand surface People are walking

Research & Negotiation • LS25 public place : no permission• LS24 got permission from Manager of the sunrise towers• LS22 got permission from the Manager of the international club





Daily Report for Microtremor Measurement Date 02/Oct/2015 (Friday) Name:Ujwal Kumar Maskey, Three D. Consultants

P. Ltd. 1)Measurement

L: L-shape MT

S: Single MT


Tinthana, Naikap Sunrise towers, Dhobighat

Surendra Bhawan, Sanepa ( International Club)

Location 85.26988, 27.68320 85.30100, 27.67557 85.30704, 27.68306 Photo

Usage Public place Road inside compound Parking Noise A little noisy (human) A little noisy (human

and car) A little noisy (human)

Pitch(L) 1m (center 12) 1m 5m (center 13) 2.5m 4m (center 12) 4m Time(S) 14:44~15:14 16:47~17:17 19:11~19:41 Comment

Bushy field Black top pavement Brick pavement

Research & Negotiation • LS40 got permission from neighbors• LS41 permission granted by Mr. Suraj • LS43 Public foot trail : no permission required


Check Date:02/10/2015 Name:



Daily Report for Microtremor Measurement Date 04/Oct/2015 (Sunday) Name:Ujwal Kumar Maskey, Three D. Consultants

P. Ltd., 1)Measurement

L: L-shape MT

S: Single MT

Time 10:30~12:00 13:00~14:30 15:30~16:50 Site LS-40 LS-41 LS-43 Site name Mahadevthan, Sirutar Godavari river bridge

of Bisnudol Aphalphat, Imadol

Location 85.38591, 27.64841 85.36268, 27.64272 85.33666, 27.65811 Photo

Usage Grass land Plotting area Foot trail Noise A little noisy (bus) No nosie A little noisy (human and

cow) Pitch(L) 3m (center 12) 3m 5m (center 12) 5m 5m (center 12) 5m Time(S) 14:39~15:09 16:12~16:42 18:25~19:07 Comment Grass land Sand surface

Cows were grazing Research & Negotiation • LS10 Public Place : no permission required

• LS18 Public Road : no permission required

Plan of next day • LS03• LS10• LS11• LS18




1)Measurement

L: L-shape MT

S: Single MT


DMG Bishnumati Bridge near Dallu

Fire police station, Durbar Square

Location 85.31658, 27.719404 85.30283, 27.70985 85.30889, 27.70344 Photo

Usage Road inside compound Bank of Bishnumati River

Government Facility

Noise Little noisy (human & car)

A very noisy (car) A little noisy (human)

Pitch(L) - 2m (center 13) 2m - Time(S) 14:03~14:33(Japan) 15:19~16:08(Japan) 17:09~17:43 (Japan) Comment

Public place Sand surface

Concrete Pavement

Research & Negotiation • •

Plan of next day • LS52• Chobar cement Factory premises• LS04• LS26• LS53


Date 05/Oct/2015 (Monday) Name:Ujwal Kumar Maskey, Three D. Consultants P. Ltd.

Daily Report for Microtremor Measurement



Date 05/Oct/2015 (Monday) Name:Ujwal Kumar Maskey 1)Measurement

L: L-shape MT

S: Single MT

Time 3:30~4:30 Site LS-18 Site name

Near Nepal Veterinary Center, Tripureshwor

Location 85.31142, 27.69581 Photo

Usage Road Noise A little noisy (human

and car) Pitch(L) - Time(S) 19:08~19:42(Japan) Comment

Brick and concrete paved road


(Sample)

••

Plan of next • LS52• Chobar cement Factory premises• LS04• LS26• LS53





1)Measurement

L: L-shape MT

S: Single MT

Time 10:30~12:30 Site LS-53 LS-52 LS-04 Site name

Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur

Panga, Kirtipur Chobar Football Ground

Location 85.28748, 27.68263 85.27953, 27.66921 85.29014, 27.65940 Photo

Usage Slate paved way Plotting area Public football ground Noise A litte noisy (human) No noise Noisy (cars and trucks) Pitch(L) - 3m (center 13)3m - Time(S) 14:15~14:50 15:02~15:36 15:16~15:56 Comment

Near department of Math and Statistics

Silty surface Hard silty surface

Research & Negotiation • LS53 TU : no permission required • LS52 Permission (Mr. Kabindra Karki)• LS04 Public place : no permission required

Plan of next day • LS21, LS8,LS9, LS27• LS13, LS23, LS20, LS19


Date 06/Oct/2015 (Tuesday) Name:Ujwal Kumar Maskey, Three D. Consultants P. Ltd.




Date 06/Oct/2015 (Tuesday) contd.

Name:Ujwal Kumar Maskey

1)Measurement

L: L-shape MT

S: Single MT


Chobar abandon quarry site

Near NSET, Bhainsepati

Location 85.29169, 27.66211 85.30211, 27.65226 Photo

Usage Public place Vacant space Noise No noise No noise Pitch(L) 3m(center 13)3m - Time(S) 16:18~17:18 (Japan) 18:06~18:38 (Japan) Comment

Bed rock surface Hard silty surface

Research & Negotiation • LS** Public place : no permission required • LS26 Area shown by NSET to conduct the survey

Plan of next day • LS21, LS8,LS9, LS27• LS13, LS23, LS20, LS19





Date 07/Oct/2015 (Wednesday)

Name:Ujwal Kumar Maskey, Three D. Consultants P. Ltd.

1)Measurement

L: L-shape MT

S: Single MT

Time 10:30~11:30 11:30~12:30 Site LS-8 LS-13 LS-09 Site name

Police station, Singhadurbar

Staff college, Jawalakhel

Sunrise City Homes, Anamnagar

Location 85.32484, 27.70065 85.31448, 27.67094 85.32972, 27.69186 Photo

Usage Inside compound Inside compound Inside compound way Noise A little noisy (human) No noise A little noisy (cars) Pitch(L) - - - Time(S) 14:05~14:41(Japan) 14:05~14:37(Japan) 15:00~15:35(Japan) Comment

Government facility Government facility Paved way

Research & Negotiation • LS8 Permission ( Assistant Inspector Police Bishal Bogati, Singha durbar)

• LS13 Permission (Ms. Tulasa Hamal)• LS09 Permission (Marketing executive Ms. Prerana Maharjan)

Plan of next day • LS30• LS37• Ls29





Date 07/Oct/2015 (Wednesday)

Name:Ujwal Kumar Maskey

1)Measurement

L: L-shape MT

S: Single MT


Imperial court, Sanepa Department of road, Division road office, New Baneshwor

Metro apartment, Kuleshwor

Location 85o 18’ 15.9”, 27o 40’ 49.4”

85.33964, 27.68892 85o 17’ 49.8”, 27o 41’ 16.4”

Photo

Usage Inside compound Inside compound Inside compound way Noise No noise A little noisy (cars) No noise Pitch(L) - - - Time(S) 15:02~15:35(Japan) 15:50~16:23(Japan) 15:56~16:29(Japan) Comment

Side of swimming pool s Slate flooring

Government facility Black top pavement

Concrete paved way

Research & Negotiation • LS23 Permission (General Manager Mr. Sunil)

• LS27 Government facility : no permission• LS20 Permission (Mr. Keshab Shrestha)






Daily Report for Microtremor Measurement Daily Report for Microtremor Measurement Date 08/Oct/2015


1)Measurement

L: L-shape MT

S: Single MT

Time 11~13:00 14:00~16:00 Site LS-30 LS-37 Site name

Ratopati, Mahamanjushree Nargakot-6

Srijanatol, Mulpani

Location 85.46313, 27.68129 85.40282, 27.70738 Photo

Usage Road Grass land Noise A little noisy (human) A little noisy (human

and cows) Pitch(L) 4m(center 12)4m 4m(center12)4m Time(S) 14:56~15:56(Japan) 17:34~18:42(Japan)

Comment

Gravel road Sand surface Flood bank of the Manahara River

Research & Negotiation • LS30 Road : no permission • LS37 Flood bank of the Manahara River (public place) : no permission

Plan of 11/10/2015 • LS58 (L-shape and Single MT)• LS59 and LS57 (Single MT)• LS31 and LS16 (Single MT)




Date 11/Oct/2015 (Sunday) Name:Ujwal Kumar Maskey, Three D. Consultants P. Ltd.,

1)Measurement

L: L-shape MT

S: Single MT


Muhan Pokhari, Narayanthan-1

Pasikot Grande Towers, Tokha

Location 85.36819, 27.79009 85.34927, 27.76701 85.32645, 27.75440 Photo

Usage Plotting area Plotting area Inside compound Noise No noise A liitle noisy (car) A little noisy (human) Pitch(L) 5m(center 13)5m - - Time(S) 15:05~15:55(Japan) 17:29~18:01(Japan) 17:39~18:12(Japan) Comment

Grass land A little sloppy

Grass land Concrete brick paved way

Research & Negotiation • LS58 Permission (Ms. Shoba Karki) • LS59 Permission (Ms. Dhanmati Ghale)• LS31 Permission Project Manager (Mr. Bishal Koirala)

Plan of next day • LS29 (L-array and Single MT)• LS66 (L-array and Single MT)• LS28 (Single MT)





Date 11/Oct/2015 (Sunday) Name:Ujwal Kumar Maskey 1)Measurement

L: L-shape MT

S: Single MT

Time 15:00~16:00 Site LS-57 LS-16 Site name

Chunikhel Hotel Shangrial parking lot, Lazimpat

Location 85.36064, 27.75074 85.32459, 27.723893 Photo

Usage Road Road Noise A little noisy (human) A little noisy (human

and bus) Pitch(L) - - Time(S) 18:28~19:01(Japan) 17:29~18:01(Japan) Comment

Gravel road Outside the compound of Hotel Shangrila parking lot Black top road

Research & Negotiation • LS57 Road : no permission • Ls16 Road : no permission

Plan of next day • LS29 (L-array and Single MT)• LS66 (L-array and Single MT)• LS28 (Single MT)





Daily Report for Microtremor Measurement Date 12/Oct/2015 (Monday) Name:Ujwal Kumar Maskey, Three D.

Consultants P. Ltd., 1)Measurement

L: L-shape MT

S: Single MT


Opposite of water treatment plant, Bode

Mill road, Bode-2 Suncity Apartment, Gothatar

Location 85.39476, 27.69725 85.38922, 27.68608 85.37102, 27.69355 Photo

Usage Gulley Road Inside compound Noise No noise A little noisy (human) A little noisy (human

and car) Pitch(L) 5m(center 12)5m 4m(center 13)4m - Time(S) 14:53~15:30(Japan) 16:21~17:02(Japan) 18:33~19:07(Japan) Comment

Sand surface Gravel road Concrete brick paved way

Research & Negotiation • LS29 Public place : no permission • LS66 Road : no permission• LS28 Permission from Project Manager (Mr. Laxmi Raj Shrestha)





Daily Report for Microtremor Measurement Date 13/Oct/2015 (Tuesday) Name:Ujwal Kumar Maskey, Three D.

Consultants P. Ltd., 1)Measurement

L: L-shape MT

S: Single MT


Shahidghat, Sundarijal (Shree Okhreni Secondary School)

Nayapati, Sundarijal (Power Generator Photovoltaic)

Location 85.42225, 27.75654 85.41251, 27.74325 Photo

Usage Play ground of school Inside compound of power generator photovoltaic

Noise No noise A little noisy (Cattles) Pitch(L) 4m(center 12)4m 5m(center 12)5m Time(S) 15:02~15:41(Japan) 16:27~17:09(Japan) Comment

Gravel and sand surface (boulder are seen in the surface)

Grass land

Research & Negotiation • LS35 Permission Principal of Shree Okhreni secondary school (Mr. Narayan Bhakta Manandhar)

• LS36 Permission Guard (Mr. Amar Bahadur Tamang)







1)Measurement

L: L-shape MT

S: Single MT


Matikhel, Thankot Matathirtha Temple, Football ground

Location 85.21197, 27.69516 85.23167, 27.68036 Photo

Usage Farm land Football ground Noise No noise Very noisy (human) Pitch(L) 4m(center 13))4m 5m(center 13)5m Time(S) 15:31~16:08(Japan) 16:59~18:12(Japan) Comment

Silt/clay surface Silt/clay surface People are walking

Research & Negotiation • LS32 Permission landowner (Ms. Samita Rana Magar)

• LS54 Public place : no permissionPlan of next day • LS48

• LS64• LS63






1)Measurement

L: L-shape MT

S: Single MT


Durikhel, Thecho Bungmati, Lalitpur (near the suspension bridge of the Nakkhu Khola)

Location 85.32162, 27.61449 85.31215, 27.62668 Photo

Usage Plotting area and road Farm land Noise A little noisy (human) A little noisy (Pig farm

nearby) Pitch(L) 4m(center 13)4m 4m(center 13)4m Time(S) 14:56~15:42(Japan) 15:35~16:12 (Japan) Comment

Silty surface At the left bank of the Nakkhu Khola Silt/clay surface and damp Pig farm nearby

Research & Negotiation • LS64 Permission from the workers working on the plotting area and the neighbors

• LS48 Permission Caretaker of the Pig farm (Mr. Bhupal Puri)





Daily Report for Microtremor Measurement Date 16/Oct/2015 (Friday) Name:Ujwal Kumar Maskey, Three D.


L: L-shape MT

S: Single MT


Suntol, Sankhu

Location 85.46299, 27.72574 Photo

Usage Farm land Noise No noise Pitch(L) 5m(center 12)5m Time(S) 15:17~16:05(Japan) Comment

Clay surface and little damp

Research & Negotiation • LS34 Permission Local residence (Mr. Rajan Man Shrestha)

• Plan of 25/10/2015 • LS67

• LS63Check Date: 16/10/2015 Name:



Daily Report for Microtremor Measurement Date 25/Oct/2015 (Sunday) Name:Ujwal Kumar Maskey, Three D.


L: L-shape MT

S: Single MT


Kattike

Location 85.51318, 27.73163 Photo


and motorbikes) Pitch(L) 5m(center 13)2.5m Time(S) 15:20~16:32 (Japan) Comment

Gravel road

Research & Negotiation • LS33 Road : no permission

Plan of next day • LS 67• LS 63




Daily Report for Microtremor Measurement Date 26/Oct/2015 (Monday) Name:Ujwal Kumar Maskey, Three D.


L: L-shape MT

S: Single MT


Pharsidol

Location 85.29485, 27.60497 Photo

Usage Road Noise No noise Pitch(L) 5m(center 13)5m Time(S) 14:32~15:24(Japan) Comment

Gravel road Left bank of Bagmati river

Research & Negotiation • LS 63 Road : no permission

Plan of next day • LS 62




Daily Report for Microtremor Measurement Date 27/Oct/2015 (Tuesday) Name:Ujwal Kumar Maskey, Three D.


L: L-shape MT

S: Single MT


Dakshinkali

Location 85.26099, 27.60543 Photo

Usage Picnic park Noise A little noise (human) Pitch(L) 4m(center 13)4m Time(S) 16:10~16:43(Japan) Comment

Silt surface Little damp

Research & Negotiation • LS62 Permission : Dakshinkali Religious Management Committee (Ms. Mandira Maharjan)

Plan of next day • LS 69• LS 70• LS 71






1)Measurement

L: L-shape MT

S: Single MT


Mitra Nagar (Behind Gongabu bus park)

Manang gate

Location 85.30691, 27.73123 85.30941, 27.72340 Photo

Usage Road Farm land Noise Very noisy (human and

vehicles) A little noisy (human and dogs)

Pitch(L) 5m (center 12)5m 4m(center 13)4m Time(S) 15:11~16:07(Japan) 18:40~19:25(Japan) Comment

Gravel road Grass and bushes Silt/clay surface

Research & Negotiation • LS 69 Road : no permission • LS 71 Permission : by informing the neighbors

Plan of next day • LS 67• LS 70




Daily Report for Microtremor Measurement Date 30/Oct/2015 (Friday) Name:Ujwal Kumar Maskey, Three D.


L: L-shape MT

S: Single MT


Mitra Park (Ambe Residency)

Chaamati

Location 85.34492, 27.71358) 85.29789, 27.72035 Photo

Usage Garden Road Noise Very noisy (near ring

road) A little noisy (human and vehicles)

Pitch(L) 3m(center 13)3m 5m(center 12)5m Time(S) 15:04~15:43(Japan) 17:23~18:49(Japan) Comment

Sand surface Gravel road


(Sample)

• LS 67 Permission : Mr. Kamal Hode• LS 70 Road : no permission

Plan of 01/11/2015 • Pashupati Nath Temple area• Research for triangle type array




Progress in November 2015Daily Report for Microtremor Measurement



Daily Report for Microtremor Measurement Date 02/Nov/2015 (Monday) Name:Ujwal Kumar Maskey, Three D.


L: L-shape MT

S: Single MT


Dallu, Bishnumati River Bridge

Volley ball park, Kuleshwor

Dokhadol, Sanepa

Location 85.30244, 27.70978 85.29625, 27.69128 85.30715, 27.68843 Photo

Usage Road Public Place Road Noise A little noisy (human

and vehicles) A little noisy (human and vehicles)

A little noisy (human and Motorcycle)

Pitch(L) - - - Time(S) 14:25~14:56(Japan) 15:37~16:15(Japan) 16:50~17:27 Comment

Gravel road Sand surface Black top road

Research & Negotiation • LS 10 Road : no permission• LS 19 Public Place : no permission• LS 21 Road : no permission







L: L-shape MT

S: Single MT


Singhadurbar Baidhya Khana

Location 85.32587, 27.70074 Photo


and vehicles) Pitch(L) - - - Time(S) 19:02~19:42(Japan) Comment

Black top road

Research & Negotiation • LS 10 Road : no permission





Daily Report for Microtremor Measurement Date 03/Nov/2015 (Tuesday) Name:Ujwal Kumar Maskey, Three D.


L: L-shape MT

S: Single MT


Freak street, Basantapur

Metro apartment, Kuleshwor

International club, Sanepa

Location 85.30762, 27.70333 85.29727, 27.68794 85.30710, 27.68313 Photo

Usage Road Road Inside compound Noise Very noisy (human) A little noisy (human

and car) No noise

Pitch(L) - - - Time(S) 14:41~15:51(Japan) 17:16~17:51(Japan) 18:57~19:29(Japan) Comment

SMT 1 was at the restricted area so permission was needed.

SMT 3 was on the farm land so permission was needed.

Research & Negotiation • LS 11 Permission : Hanuman Dhoka Durbar Square Conservation Program (Entry no. 585)

• LS 20 Permission : Mr. Ram PrabeshYadav• LS 22 Permission : Mr. Bishal Shrestha

Plan of next day • LS 39• LS 42•




Daily Report for Microtremor Measurement Date 04/Nov/2015


1)Measurement

L: L-shape MT

S: Single MT


Libali, Bhaktapur Khalpitar, Balkot

Location 85.44296, 27.67008 85.36971, 27.66632 Photo

Usage Road Road Noise No noise No noise Pitch(L) - - Time(S) 14:38~15:09(Japan) 15:58~16:31(Japan) Comment

Silty surface Gravel road

Research & Negotiation • LS 39 Road : no permission • LS 42 Road : no permission





Daily Report for Microtremor Measurement Date 08/Nov/2015 (Sunday) Name:Ujwal Kumar Maskey, Three D.


L: L-shape MT

T: Triangle Type

Time 11:37~12:18 13:40~14:35 14:50~16:12 Site AM-01(point K) AM-01(point H) AM-01(point E) Site name

Tribhuvan University Tribhuvan University Tribhuvan University

Location 85.28360, 27.68186 85.28317, 27.68186 85.28367, 27.68290 Photo

Usage Inside compound Inside compound Road Noise A little noisy (human) A little noisy (human) A little noisy (vehicles) Pitch(L) - - - Time(T) 14:52~15:32(Japan) 16:55~17:50(Japan) 18:05~19:27 Comment

Foot trail Hard soil

Foot trail Hard soil

Gravel road

Research & Negotiation ••

Plan of next day • Preparation for filed survey••




Daily Report for Microtremor Measurement Date 08/Nov/2015 (Sunday) Name:Ujwal Kumar Maskey, Three d. Consultants

P. Ltd. 1)Measurement

L: L-shape MT

T: Triangle Type

Time 16:32~18:40 Site AM-01(point A) Site name

Tribhuvan University

Location 85.28133, 27.68282 Photo

Usage Grass land Noise A little noisy (Human) Pitch(L) - Time(T) 19:47~21:55(Japan) Comment

The point was just outside the premise of TU Silt surface Stone slab was needed


Plan of next day • Preparation for field survey••






L: L-shape MT

T: Triangle Type

Time 19:15~01:16 19:15~20:25 20:30~21:51 Site AM-02(point D) AM-02(point L) AM-02(point I) Site name

IOE IOE IOE

Location 85.32004, 27.68250 85.31979, 27.68230 85.31959, 27.68217 Photo

Usage Inside compound Inside compound Foot path Noise No noise No noise Very noisy (vehicles) Pitch(L) - - - Time(T) 22:56~04:31(Japan) 22:44~23:40(Japan) 23:41~01:06(Japan) Comment

Grass land Stone slab was required

Foot trail Slate paved way

Concrete paved way


Plan of 18/11/2015 • LS 05 Singhadurbar• AM-03 Research and Negotiation•






L: L-shape MT

T: Triangle Type

Time 21:55~23:16 11:30~01:18 Site AM-02(point F) AM-02 (Point B) Site name

IOE IOE

Location 85.32020, 27.68136 85.31800, 27.68096 Photo

Usage Road Inside compound Noise A little noisy (Human) No noise Pitch(L) - - Time(T) 01:14~02:31(Japan) 02:50~04:33(Japan) Comment

At the side of Police Station near IOE Black top road

Black top road


Plan of next day • Preparation for field survey• •






1)Measurement

L: L-shape MT

TP: Three Point MT SP: Single point

Time 12:00~16:00 Site LS-05 AM-03 Site name

Singhadubar Sanothimi

Location 85.323381, 27.697164 85.373951, 27.685101 Photo

Usage Inside Ministry of General Administration compound, Singha Darbar

Center is at inside compound of Janak Educational Material Center

Noise Moderate, Vehicle - Pitch(L) - - Time(TP)

12.00 -

Comment

Three Point and single point survey

Research for Triangle type array.

Research & Negotiation • LS 05 Government facility • AM-03 Permission : principal of SOS, Mr. Binod Baral

Permission : Deputy Director of Curriculum Development Center, Mr. Tuka Raj Adhikari Permission granted from the Incharge of Janak Educational Material Center

Plan of day • AM-05 Changubesi (Near Nepal engineering college)••






1)Measurement

L: L-shape MT

T: Triangle Type

Time 10:30~16:52 11:29~12:25 15:52~17:15 Site AM-03(point D) AM-03(point J) Am-03(point G) Site name

Manohara (Changubesi)

Location 85.40852, 27.70891 85.40858, 27.70947 85.40876, 27.71004 Photo

Usage Farm land Farm land Noise A little noisy (Farmer

working) Pitch(L) - - - Time(T) 13:56~19:07(Japan) 14:44~15:40(Japan) 15:52~17:15(Japan) Comment

Silt/clay surface Stone slab was needed




Plan of next day • Analysis of SMT, Three point and Triangle Array• •






1)Measurement

L: L-shape MT

T: Triangle Type

Time 14:14~15:50 Site AM-03(point C) Site name Location 85.41091, 27.70968 Photo

Usage Noise Pitch(L) - Time(T) 17:29~19:05(Japan) Comment



Plan of next day • Analysis of SMT, Three point and Triangle Array••






L: L-shape MT

S: Single MT


Godamchaur Taukhel

Location 85.36320, 27.60899 85.35660, 27.60789 Photo

Usage Farm land Grasss land Noise A little noisy (human) No noise Pitch(L) 5m(Center 13)5m 5m(Center 13)5m Time(S) 14:34~15:30(Japan) 16:11~16:50(Japan) Three point Time

14:43~15:30(Japan) 14:45~15:30(Japan) 14:43~15:32(Japan)


Comment

In three point, Neo were 70m interval. Silt/clay surface At the right bank of the Godavari River

In three point, Neo were 60m interval.

Research & Negotiation • LS75 Permission : Local resident (Mr. Kiran Silwal

• LS74 Permission : Neighbor (Mr. Shyam Kumar Ghimire







L: L-shape MT

S: Single MT


Sunakothi, lalitpur Wotungal, Thecho-7

Location 85.32006, 27.62823 85.32156, 27.62129 Photo

Usage Grass land Farm land Noise A little noisy (human) A little noisy (human) Pitch(L) 5m(Center 12)5m 5m(Center 12)5m Time(S) 14:18~15:08(Japan) 15:44~16:38(Japan) Three point Time

14:14~15:04(Japan) 14:15~15:08(Japan) 14:24~15:05Japan)


Comment

In three point, Neo were 60m interval. Silt/clay surface

In three point, Neo were 80m interval. Silt/clay surface

Research & Negotiation • LS73 Permission : Mr. Bikash Gurung • LS72 Permission : Mr. Buddhi Lal Maharjan

Plan of next day • AM-04 Sanothimi (Triangle type array)Check Date: 23/11/2015 Name:





L: L-shape MT

T: Triangle Type

Time 10:24~15:30 11:09~12:05 12:15~13:30 Site AM-04(point D) AM-04(point J) AM-04(point G) Site name

Sanothimi Sanothimi Sanothimi

Location 85.37400, 27.68510 85.37447, 27.68478 85.37518, 27.68556 Photo

Usage Inside compound of Janak Educational Material Center

Inside compound of Janak Educational Material Center


Noise No noise A little noisy (people are working)

No noise

Pitch(L) - - - Time(T) 13:33~18:45(Japan) 14:19~15:20(Japan) 15:30~16:45(Japan) Comment

Grass land Stone slab was needed

Silt surface Stone slab was needed

Soft surface Stone slab was needed


Plan of 26/11/2015 • AM-05 Tundikhel Triangle Type Array•






L: L-shape MT

T: Triangle Type

Time 13:43~15:30 12:15~13:30 Site AM-04(point C) AM-04 Site name

Sanothimi Sanothimi

Location 85.37581, 27.68370 85.37387, 27.68499 Photo

Usage Inside compound of Janak Educational Material Center


Noise No noise A little noisy (human) Pitch(L) - 5m(Center 12)5m Time(T) 16:58~18:45(Japan) Comment


The SMT(H/V) was conducted at the Point F (Time : 15:35~16:46, Japan) and GPS : 85.37373, 27.68405


Plan of next day • AM-05 Tundikhel Triangle Type Array•





1)Measurement

L: L-shape MT

T: Triangle Type

Time 10:00~11:30 19:32~20:10 21:16~23:01 Site AM-05 AM-05(point L) AM-05(point F) Site name

Tundikhel Tundikhel Tundikhel

Location 85.315.69, 27.70088 85.31620, 27.70014 Photo

Usage Inside the Tundikhel Inside the Tundikhel Inside the Tundikhel Noise A little noisy (Vehicles

near the main road) A little noisy (Vehicles near the main road)

A little noisy (Vehicles near the main road)

Pitch(L) 5m(center 12)5m - - Time(T) - 22:47~23:50(Japan) 00:33~02:16(Japan) Comment

Grass land Grass land Stone slab was needed

Sand surface Stone slab was needed

Research & Negotiation • AM-05 ponit C, Permission : Bhrikuti Mandap Management Office Incharge (Mr. Ram Raj Bhattarai)

• Plan of next day •

•Check Date: 26/11/2015 Name:

Date 26/Nov/2015 (Thursday)





1)Measurement

L: L-shape MT

T: Triangle Type

Time 23:21~01:02 Site AM-05(point B) Site name

Army headquarter

Location 85.314263, 27.699214 Photo

Usage Inside compound Noise A little noisy (Vehicles

near the main road) Pitch(L) - Time(T) 02:36~04:17(Japan) Comment


Research & Negotiation • AM-05 ponit C, Permission : Bhrikuti Mandap Management Office Incharge (Mr. Ram Raj Bhattarai)

••


Date 26/Nov/2015 (Thursday)


Table 1:Sr. No. Point No. Location L shape Single point 3 point

1 L 01 Radhe Radhe Thimi 25-Sep 25-Sep -2 L 02 Birendra School Sallaghari 28-Sep 28-Sep -3 L 03 DMG Lainchaur 7-Sep 5-Oct 10-Nov4 L 04 Chovar football ground 9-Sep 6-Oct -5 L 05 Singha darbar 18-Sep 18-Nov 18-Nov6 L 06 Gangahiti chabahil 27-Sep 27-Sep -7 L 07 Janahit galli Sifal 21-Sep 21-Sep -8 L 08 Near Baidya khana 17-Sep 7-Oct 2-Nov9 L 09 Sunrise City Home, Bijulibazar 16-Sep 7-Oct -

10 L 10 Dallu bridge 5-Oct 5-Oct 2-Nov11 L 11 Fire station darbar square 13-Sep 5-Oct 3-Nov12 L12 UN park Thapathali Bagmati bridge 1-Oct 1-Oct -13 L 13 Staff college 16-Sep 7-Oct 6-Nov14 L 14 Manahara bridge 25-Sep 25-Sep -15 L 15 Simaltol harisiddhi 30-Sep 30-Sep -16 L 16 Lazimpat building opposite Shangrila 13-Sep 11-Oct 6-Nov17 L 17 Dhobichaur Chetrapati 21-Sep 21-Sep -18 L 18 Tripuresor, near Industry ministry 13-Sep 5-Oct -19 L 19 Orchid Tower Ravibhawan 17-Sep 2-Nov 2-Nov20 L 20 Metro apartment KULESOR 14-Sep 7-Oct 3-Nov21 L 21 Status Enclave Sanepa 14-Sep 2-Nov 2-Nov22 L 22 Surendra bhawan sanepa, Internationla club 2-Oct 2-Oct 3-Nov23 L 23 Emperial Cour Sanepa 14-Sep 7-Oct -24 L 24 Sunrise tower Dhobighat 2-Oct 2-Oct 5-Nov25 L 25 Tinthana Naikap 2-Oct 2-Oct -26 L 26 NSET Bhaisepati 9-Sep 6-Oct -27 L 27 DOR New Banesor 16-Sep 7-Oct -28 L 28 Suncity 2 Gothatar 17-Sep 12-Oct -29 L 29 Water treatment plant Bode 12-Oct 12-Oct 12-Oct30 L 30 Ratopati Nagarkot 8-Oct 8-Oct 8-Oct31 L 31 Grande Tower, Tokha 22-Sep 11-Oct -32 L 32 Matikhel Thankot 14-Oct 14-Oct 14-Oct33 L 33 kattike Nagarkot 25-Oct 25-Oct 25-Oct34 L 34 Suntol Sankhu 16-Oct 16-Oct 16-Oct35 Ll 35 Shahidghat Sundarijal 13-Oct 13-Oct 13-Oct36 L 36 Nayapati Sundarijal 13-Oct 13-Oct 13-Oct37 L 37 Shrijana Tol Mulpani 8-Oct 8-Oct 8-Oct38 L 38 Mahankal chowk Duwakot 28-Sep 28-Sep -39 L 39 Libali Bhaktapur 28-Sep 28-Sep 4-Nov40 L 40 Mahadevthan Sirutar 4-Oct 4-Oct -41 L 41 Godawari bridge, Bisnudol 4-Oct 4-Oct -42 L 42 Khalpitar 25-Sep 25-Sep 4-Nov

Assessment of Earthquake Disaster Risk for Kathmandu Valley in Nepal

Activity A: Summary of Microtremor Measurement Survey

43 L 43 Aphalfat Imadol 4-Oct 4-Oct -44 L 44 SOS Hostel Kotesor 1-Oct 1-Oct -45 L 45 Abandoned Abandoned Abandoned Abandoned46 L 46 Chyasal Lalitpur 1-Oct 1-Oct -47 L 47 Hattisar Naxal 21-Sep 21-Sep -48 L 48 Bungamati Lalitpur 15-Oct 15-Oct 15-Oct49 L 49 Padma Colony 24-Sep 24-Sep -50 L 50 Siuchatar 23-Sep 23-Sep -51 L 51 Machegaun 24-Sep 24-Sep -52 L 52 Panga Kirtipur 6-Oct 6-Oct 5-Nov53 L 53 Tribhuvan U, geology Dept Kirtipur 18-Sep 6-Oct 5-Nov54 L 54 Matatirtha 14-Oct 14-Oct 14-Oct55 L 55 Cricket stadium Gokarna 27-Sep 27-Sep -56 L 56 Simaltar Kapan 27-Sep 27-Sep -57 L 57 Chunikhel 22-Sep 11-Oct -58 L 58 Muhan Pokhari Narayansthan 11-Oct 11-Oct 11-Oct59 L 59 Pasikot 22-Sep 11-Oct -60 L 60 Phutung 23-Sep 23-Sep -61 L 61 Madkhu 23-Sep 23-Sep -62 L 62 Dakchinkali 27-Oct 27-Oct 27-Oct63 L 63 Pharsidol 26-Oct 26-Oct 26-Oct64 L 64 Durikhel Thecho 15-Oct 15-Oct 15-Oct65 L 65 Kitini 30-Sep 30-Sep -6 LS 66 Mill road Bode 2 12-Oct 12-Oct 12-Oct

67 LS 67 Mitra Park 30-Oct 30-Oct 30-Oct68 LS 68 Chovar, abandoned qarry site 6-Oct 6-Oct -69 LS 69 Mitra Nagar behind New Buspark 28-Oct 28-Oct 28-Oct70 LS 70 Chaamati 30-Oct 30-Oct 30-Oct71 LS 71 Manag gate 28-Oct 28-Oct 28-Oct72 LS 72 Wotungal Thecho 7 23-Nov 23-Nov 23-Nov73 LS 73 Sunakothi lalitpur 23-Nov 23-Nov 23-Nov74 LS 74 Taukhel 22-Nov 22-Nov 22-Nov75 LS 75 Godamchaur 22-Nov 22-Nov 22-Nov

Completed 74 74 39

Traingle Array

Sr. No. Site No. Location Survey work

1 AM-01 Tribhuvan University 8-Nov2 AM-02 IOE, Phulchowk 15-Nov3 AM-03 CTEVT, Thimi 19-Nov4 AM-04 Tundikhel 24-Nov5 AM-05 Manohara 26-Nov


APPENDIX B-1

Final Report on Supporting Work for Field Survey & Ground Modeling for JICA (Japan International Cooperation Agency) Aided Project for Assessment of Earthquake Disaster Risk

for Kathmandu Valley in Nepal

Activity B-1: Supporting data for Ground Modelling

Submitted by Three D. Consultants P. Ltd. Kalimati, Kathmandu

Phone No: 01-4273022, Email: [email protected] Web:www.threedcon.com

20th January, 2016

Three D.

Consultants

1



Three D. Consultants P. Ltd. Kalimati, Kathmandu www.threedcon.com

Table of Contents

1: Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 3

2: Objective of supporting work ..................................................................................................... 3

3: Scope of Work .............................................................................................................................. 4

4: Supporting Data collection for Ground Modelling .................................................................. 4

4.1 Geological Sections....................................................................................................................5

5:

6:

7:

8:

Data Summary Table………………………………………………………………………..6

Location Map of E-W & N-S Section Lines………………………………………………..9

E-W Sections 1 to 11…………………………………………………………………………10

N-S Section A to N…………………………………………………………………………....22

2



1: Introduction

The recent 25thApril, 2015 Gorkha earthquake of ML 7.8 and strong after shocks have resulted in

human and property loss of large scale. The death toll crossed 8,000 and many houses demolished in

the most hit 12 districts of central Nepal. There were cracks and fissures developed in many places in

hard hit districts. The strong shaking has resulted in landslides in many places.

In Kathmandu, many houses, temples, collapsed mainly in Sakhu, Bhaktapur, Bus park, Sitapaila

Bungmati etc. There were sand boiling a result of liquefaction. Landslide also took place at some

locations. However there are locations where damages are at low rate.

Kathmandu being the capital of Nepal draws lot of attentions about the loss of life and property.

Different national and international organizations are conducting scientific research about origin,

effect and risk of earthquake in Kathmandu valley. JICA, the Japan International Cooperation

Agency also initiated a project for Assessment of Earthquake Disaster Risk for Kathmandu Valley.

Oriental Consultants Global Co. Ltd. of Japan is conducting the research and our firm Three D.

Consultants P. Ltd. Nepal is conducting supporting work for field surveys and ground modeling. The

agreement to this effect was signed between Oriental Consultants Global Co. Ltd. and Three D.

Consultants P. Ltd. on 21st September 2015.

2: Objective of supporting work

The objective of the proposed work is

a) to support field surveys on Array Microtremor measurement, L-shape Microtremor

measurements and single point Microtremor measurement

b) to support ground modeling by compiling the survey results, existing boring logs and other

information on topographical, geological, geotechnical, geophysical and geomorphological

features.

These jobs form part of work for the seismic hazard assessment in Kathmandu Valley as a part of the

“Project for Assessment of Earthquake Disaster Risk for Kathmandu Valley in Nepal” by the

Consultant (JICA Project Team).

3



3: Scope of Work

The project area is the Kathmandu Valley and the data collection sites also lies in different parts

inside the valley. As mentioned above there are two major categories in this work as the following

and are discussed below.

Activity A: Supporting field survey of Array, L-shape and single point Microtremor measurements,

Activity B: Supporting ground modeling (Activity B1), Liquefaction potential evaluation (Activity

B2). and earthquake induced slope failure estimation (Activity B3).

This report deals with the Activity B1 which is supporting data collection of Ground Modelling A

separate report will deal with supporting works under activity B2 and B3

4 Supporting Data collection for Ground Modelling

This job consists of collection of supporting data as per the following

- compile basic data to establish ground model data

- shear wave velocity data from field measurement

- Other collected data regarding Shear wave velocity

- The Geological information like boring logs, deep well logs, topographic map,

geologic map, Engineering geomorphic map and gravity anomaly map

- DEM is also used to grasp the property of the altitude.

- All the location and their related data table shall be registered in Arc GIS (Arc Map)

Normally three geologists were deputed for the job with occasional addition of one more geologist

when need arises.

The geological information like boring logs of shallow as well as deep tube wells were collected

from different sources. Following table shows number and sources of such data.

The supporting tube well data from JICA 2002, UNDP, Department of roads, Kathmandu Upatyaka

Khanepani Limited etc. were collected by Oriental Consultants Global C. Ltd. JICA team. The

additional data from different sources were collected by Three D. Consultants P. Ltd.

4



Altogether supporting data of 660 shallow and bore holes were collected. The depth of these bore

well varies from 7.5m to 550m. Of these 660 bore well, there are duplicate data of 35 wells, data

without precise location are 76. Hence usable data are limited to 549 with 91 data with bedrock.

4.1 Geological Sections

Using these bore hole data 14 north south sections and 11 east west sections were prepared. The

section interval is 2km. The buffer zone used for drawing the section was 250m on either side of the

section line. The data plot of these bore holes show that the bore holes are more dense in the central

part and more scattered in the rim part of the valley. Hence correlation of formation is fairly good in

the central part and difficult near the outer part.

The correlation of soft formation like Lukumdol, Klaimati, Tarebhir, etc. were made following the

works of Sakai, H., 2001 Special Issue Volume 25 of Nepal Geological Society.

The depth to bedrock of weathered and hard one was taken from the Gravity survey data of

Kathmandu valley by Moribayashi, S. and Maruo, Y., 1980. In addition bedrock data from bore hole

which intersected bedrock were also utilized.

Sr.

No.

Data source No. of Data Duplicate data Defective

Data

Total data

useable

Data with

bedrock

1 JICA 2002 349 2 17 330 36

2 UNDP 26 0 0 26 0

3 DOR 37 0 0 37 0

4 Manohara

KUKL

68 30 9 29 7

5 Other wells

KUKL

32 4 1 27 13

6 Different 1 110 0 45 65 0

7 Different 2 38 0 3 35 35

Total 660 35 76 549 91

5



These north south and east west sections are presented with this report.

5: Data Summary Table The table showing sources of bore hole data, duplication of data, data without precise location bore

hole with bed rock etc. are attached below in the next page.

Submitted by

Three D. Consultants P. Ld.

Kalimati, Kathmandu

Phone: 014273022

Email: [email protected]

20th January 2016

Three D.

Consultants

6


soil screen

1-5m 75 10 65 0 7 NA Y N Y6-50m 108 0 108 4 54 5 Y N Y50-100m 14 2 12 4 NA Y N Y101-570m 152 DMG5,6 5 145 28 NA Y N Y

Sub Total 349 2 17 330 36 61 NA Y N Y

UNDP Column 7.2-20m 26 No No 26 0 26 NA Y N Y

DoR Column 10 to 20m 37 No No 37 0 37 NA Y N Y

Profile 35 28 7 (no location) 0 NA NA N Y Y

Column 121-350m 33 DB1, DB3 2 (no location) 29 7 NA NA Y N Y

Sub total 68 30 9 29 7

Column 201 (no location) 19 11 NA NA Y Y Y

Profile NS 6 JW-2 No 5 1 NA NA Y Y Y

Profile EW 300-350m 6

civil service hospital, pepsi, Solar

No 3 1 NA NA Y Y Y

Subtotal 32 4 1 27 13

Manohara KUKL

Project for Assessment of Earthquake Disaster Risk for Kathmandu Valley in Nepal

Activity B-1: Summary Data of Bore Holes for Ground Modelling

PS logSoil Layer

fileColumn

Source of Data Type Depth Number Duplicate Defective Exact

UsableData with bed Rock N-value

JICA2002

Other Wells KUKL

7

Different 1 70 to 350m 110 No 45 No

Location 65 0 NA NA Y N Y

Different 2 46 to 320m 38 No 3 No

Location 35 35 NA NA Y N Y

660 35 76 549 91Total Bore Hole Data

8


Appendix B1

East West Geological Sections

10


Appendix B1

North South Geological Sections

22


APPENDIX B-2



Activity B-2: BASIC DATA COLLECTION FOR LIQUIFACTION EVALUATION



20th January, 2016L6

Three D.

Consultants

1


2 Activity B-2: Basic Data Collection for Liquefaction Evaluation


TABLE OF CONTENT

Summary data sheet ……………………………………………………………………….3

Location map………………………………………………………………………………8

L1 Kimdol, Swoyambhu…………………………………………………………………..9

L2 Gongabun Bus Park area……………………………………………………………...10

L3 Chamati………………………………………………………………………………...11

L4 Whitegumba, Aadeshwor……………………………………………………………..12

L5 Dhunge Dhara………………………………………………………………………./13

L6 Taukhel, Ramkot-5……………………………………………………………………14

L7 Thado Bhrayang, Swoyambhu………………………………………………………15

L8 Baishdhara, Balaju…………………………………………………………………..16

L9 Morgan college, Basundhara…………………………………………………………17

L10 Kaushaltar, Bhaktapur………………………………………………………………18

L11 Imadol, Lalitpur……………………………………………………………………..19

L12 NEC engineering college, Duwakot………………………………………………..20

L13 Chandragiri VDC office, Balambu ………………………………………………...21

L14 Comfort Housing, Sanobhryanag………………………………………………….22

L15 Baniyatar on the left bank of Bishnumati River……………………………………23

L16 Jharuwarasi, Lalitpur………………………………………………………………24

L17 Khokana near Bungamat...…………………………………………………………25

C N Phi data of different sites ……………………………………………………………26

2

Location ID

Place Date Northing Easting Elevation Tilting direction

Water level

Well direction Vegetation Sample

Key effect after

earthquake

Remarks CommentData Source (of information)

L1

Kimdol (200 m toward bhagwanpau from Kimdol junction)

10/3/2015 27 42 47.36 85 17 27.58 1306m South NAHouse tilting

Non- Liquefied

House is tilted toward South. Consultations with locals during visit

L2.1Gongabu (Inside ringroad) 10/5/2015 27 44 02.9 85 18 51.4 1330m North

Base of house is tilted but whole structure is already demolished

L2.2Gongabu (Inside ringroad) 10/5/2015 27 44 01.1 85 18 49 1329m NA

Massive destruction site but all structures are already demolished

L2.3Gongabu (outside of ringroad) 10/5/2015 27 44 22.1 85 18 50.2 1315m NW

Massive destruction but houses are alrady removed

L2.4Gongabu (main casualty area) 10/5/2015 27 44 7.67 85 18 32.60 1307m NA

Huge casualty during earthquake but all rubbles has been already removed

L2.5Eastern side of Buspark

10/11/2015 27 44 00.7 85 18 34.5 1289m NA

3-4 tilted house was reported by local but currently only rubble was observed. Liquefaction site according to local but no evidence.

Geologist Mr. Narayan Adhikari, DMG

L3.1 Chamati 10/5/2015 27 43 00.4 85 17 50.6 1279m NE 2mFine clay, some leaf imprints found in recently constructed well

L3.2 Chamati 10/5/2015 27 43 02.36 85 17 50.0 1280m E 2mHouse is tilted but whole structure is intact

L3.3 Chamati 10/5/2015 27 42 59.2 85 17 49.6 1285m NE NAHouse is tilted but whole structureis intact

L4.1 White Gumba 10/6/2015 27 43 28.4 85 15 42.57 1566m NA NA NA No No Collapsed tilting wall Geologist Mr. Narayan Adhikari, DMG,

House tilting

Same as tilting direction

No vegetation

No vegetation

NA


Activity B-2: Summary Data of Liquefaction Evaluation study

Non- Liquefied

NANANon-

Liquefied

House tilting

NAMr. Sworup Sing Karki Three D.

Geologist Mr. Narayan Adhikari, DMG

3

L4.2

White Gumba ( 100m toward Adeshwor from main gate)

10/6/2015 27 43 26.1 85 15 49.0 1528m SW NA NA

Pine tree on southern slope near damaged houses

Yes(S1)

House on unstable slope, tilted house with cracks in pavement ( 2"), no seepage, no dug well, bedrock (limestone)

Consultations with locals during site visit

L5.1 Dhunge Dhara 10/6/2015 27 43 39.5 85 17 03.9 1307m NE NA NANo vegetation

NAHouse owner didn’t co-operate with us for information

L5.2 Dhunge Dhara 10/6/2015 27 43 42.0 85 17 03.2 1304m NE NA NANo vegetation

NA House owner didn’t co-operate with us for information

L5.3

Dhunge Dhara 10/6/2015 27 43 42.8 85 17 01.5 1305m NE NANo vegetation

Yes (S2)Water dissapeared due to earthquake (Deep boring by Nepal Army in adjoining area)

L5.4 Dhunge Dhara 10/7/2015 27 43 45.7 85 17 04.4 1307m E NANo vegetation

NA

L5.5 Dhunge Dhara 10/7/2015 27 43 45.1 85 17 02.8 1310m NW NA NANo vegetation NA Cultivated land in adjoining area

L5.6 Dhunge Dhara 10/7/2015 27 43 45.8 85 17 08.6 1314m Yes(S3)

New dug well under construction so sampling was carried out. Thick layer of black clay was observed with organic matter in it. Whole area seems to be a lacustrine deposit.

L5.7 Dhunge Dhara 10/7/2015 27 43 46.0 85 17 07.3 1315m NE 10mOwner not present so could not discuss

L5.8 Dhunge Dhara 10/7/2015 27 43 45.5 85 17 08.9 1311m NW NA Cultivation in adjacent area

L6Taukhel, Ramkot -5

10/7/2015 27 42 42.3 85 15 51.8 1341m NANo well in site

Grass covering the area

NASand

boilingLiquefied

Sand boiling site as reported by locals. But destryed by monsoon rain & cultivation. NSET drilling site

Mr. Sujan Raj Adhikari, NSET

L7.1Thado Bhrayang, Sitapaila 10/7/2015 27 42 44.3 85 16 58.1 1332m W NA NA

House in very critical condition, no one lived in house currently

L7.2Thado Bhrayang, Sitapaila 10/7/2015 27 42 44.2 85 16 58.5 1330m

SW and NE

NA NA

Two houses were tilted during earthquake, but already demolished.

L8.1 Balaju Biasdhara 10/11/2015 27 44 15.8 85 18 06.2 1348m NA NA NA

Damage in both frame structures and wall system, cracks are seen but no evidence of liquifactation at present

Mr. Anoj Khanal , Three D. Consultants

Non- Liquefied

NANo

vegetationHouse tilting

Cracks on buildings

House tilting

Reported on local newspaper during earthquake

Same as tilting direction

No vegetation

NASame as tilting direction

Non- Liquefied

Non- Liquefied

Reported on local newspaper during earthquake

4

L8.2Machhapokhari, Ringroad

10/11/2015 27 44 06.3 85 18 19.4 1308m NA NA NA

House were tilted but now all structures are removed so can't take the tilting direction and other information.

L8.3Machhapokhari, Ringroad

10/11/2015 27 44 06.7 85 18 18.0 1301m SW 3mSame as tilting direction

Well is 20 m SW from house (tilting toward SW) already retrofitting process going on

L9Morgen college, Basundhara

10/11/2015 27 44 33.78 85 19 20.55 1324m NA NA NANo vegetation

NA5 storey Buiding

Colapsed

Non- Liquefied

Private property so permission to inspect was not given. No photographs

Three D Consultants

L10.1Kasaultar, Tarkari Bazar area

10/14/2015 27 40 30.7 85 21 53.0 1325m NA NA NANo vegetation

NA

Numerous crack developed due to earthquake. Cracks expand toward west from east. Width of crack from 16 cm to 40 cm and depth unknown.

L10.2 Kasaultar 10/14/2015 27 40 32.0 85 21 49.8 1314m SW NA NANo vegetation

NA

Tilting house and compound wall, subsidence is observed. Height of compund wall is 90-100-cm from current road level

L10.3 Kasaultar 10/14/2015 27 40 29.3 85 21 46.6 1300m NW NA NANo vegetation

NATilting house but not clearly visible in photograph

L10.4 Kasaultar 10/14/2015 27 40 29.0 85 21 47.98 1301m NW NA NANo vegetation NA

Tilting house, already on retrofitting process

L10.5 Kasaultar 10/14/2015 27 40 28.8 85 21 50.8 1308m NA NA NANo vegetation

NA

Most damaged site of Kathmandu during earthquake. Road (section of Ariniko Highway) subsidence upto 1m near Bus stand (Northern side of Highway). It is believed that Northern side of Highway, whole area has suffered subsidence problem.

L11 Imadol 10/15/2015 27 40 00.2 85 20 12.29 1287m NA NA NAGrass covering whole area

NASand boiling

Liquefied

According to local, sand boiling site but all evidence destroyed. The area is now covered with grass at the bank of Karmanasha River and NSET has done drilling there.

JICA team provided the data

Reported during various seminars after Gorkha Earthquake

Non- Liquefied

Non- Liquefied

Reported in local newspaper during earthquake

Cracks in Araniko Highway

and adjoining

area

NANo

vegetationCracks in buildings

5

L12.1

Dug well at the back of Nepal Engineering College, Duwakot (Red Building)

10/16/2015 27 42 37.5 85 24 52.6 1309m NANo water in well

-Grass covering whole area

After earthquake, well is filled with silt clay, water completely disappeared from well immediately after earthquake. Before earthquake water table was relatively higher in that well

L12.2

Drilling site in compund of Nepal Engineering College, Duwakot (Red Building)

10/16/2015 27 42 36.6 85 24 52.9 1319m NW NA NANo vegetation

Drilling site (NSET) . Half of the building is cracked and tiltded toward North. Dispalacement of window level is clearly visible in the building. Displacement = 6cm

L12.3 Dug well 300m south from L12.2

10/16/2015 27 42 34.3 85 24 52.4 1327m NA 4m NANo vegetation

After earthquake silt and clay was high in water well but it didn’t disappeared and currenlty its working fine. According to local people there was huge amount of sand boiling and whole area was like a swampy land after earthquake.

L12.4

Nepal Engineering College, Duwakot near main gate of green building

10/16/2015 27 42 38.07 85 24 56.6 1347mBushes on the upper part

Exposure at the right side of road towards NEC college from previous location. Alternate layer of fine sand (2m), silty clay (1.5m) and Coarse sand (>2m) is observed.

L13

Bir Binayak Mandir, near Chandragiri V.D.C office

11/26/2015 27 41 36.0 85 14 47.4 1358m NW NA NANo Vegetation

NATilted Temple

Non- Liquefied

Bir Binayak Temple is tilted toward NW after main shock of Gorkha Earthquake. Temple is on the edge of Mukushi River,

Geologist Mr. Narayan Adhikari, DMG,

L14Comfort Housing, Thulo Bharyang

11/26/2015 27 43 32.8 85 17 16.9 Artesian Vertical No No Artesian well

condition

Non-Liquefied

Water level in the deep tube well was below surface, but it became artesian with 4-5 m head after earthquake. Such condition lasted for over 2 weeks

Three D. Consultants

L15Baniyatar, Manamaiju

1/4/2016 27 45 26.8 85 19 01.5 1300m NA NA NANo Vegetation

NASandboilin

gLiquified

Numerous cracks formed on the bank of Bishnumati River during main shock of Gorkha Earthquake. Sand boiling was reported on the area. NSET has carried out the drilling process.


JICA team provided the data

Liquefied NASand

boiling

6

L16 Jharuwarasi 1/7/2016 27 37 06.5 085 20 16.6 1366m NA NA NACultivated terraces

NASandboilin

gLiquified

Sand boiling and sand fissures were observed on the area. NSET has also classified it as the liquefaction site


L17Kokhana near Bungamati

1/18/2016 27 37 43.7 85 17 44.2 1202m NA Shallow NA Rice Field NA

Water boiling, field like lake

LiquifiedWater boiling after earthquake and fields were covered by water, like lake, as described by local people


7

Loca

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of L

ique

fact

ion

Eval

uatio

n st

udy

site

s

Non

-Liq

uefie

d sit

es

Liq

uefie

d sit

es

8

Basic Data Collection for Liquefaction Evaluation

Three D. Consultants P. Ltd. Kalimati Kathmandu Nepal


Activity B-2: Basic data collection for Slope stability estimation and liquefaction evaluation

Figure Tilted house on the road side.

BASIC DATA COLLECTION FOR LIQUIFACTION EVALUATION (Activity B-2) L1 Kimdol, Swoyambhu Date of Inspection 03 October 2015

Location ID L1 Responsibility Anoj Khanal, Sworup Sing Karki

X Coordinate Y Coordinate

Longitude 85.29099444 Latitude 27.71315556

Elevation 1306m

Community Name Kimdol

Address Kimdol, Swoyambhu

Liquefaction status

Liquefied

Non-Liquefied

Event responsible Main shock of Gorkha Earthquake, April 25, 2015 and its aftershocks

9



Figure hugely damaged area with very high casualties during earthquake. Now all the tilted, collapsed

houses are removed.

L2 Gongabun Bus Park Date of Inspection 05 October 2015

Location ID L2 Responsibility Anoj Khanal, Sworup Sing karki



Elevation 1330m

Community Name Gongabu Bus park

Address Gongabu

Liquefaction status

Liquefied

Non-Liquefied


10



Figure Tilted house in the area after earthquake

L3 Chamati Date of Inspection 05 October 2015




Elevation 1279m

Community Name Chamati

Address Chamati

Liquefaction status

Liquefied

Non-Liquefied


11



Figure Cracks and damage on the building after earthquake

L4 Whitegumba, Aadeshwor

Date of Inspection 06 October 2015




Elevation 1566m

Community Name Whitegumba

Address Whitegumba, Aadeshwor

Liquefaction status

Liquefied

Non-Liquefied


12



Figure Tilted houses in the area after earthquake

L5 Dhunge Dhara





Elevation 1307m

Community Name Dhunge Dhara

Address Dhunge Dhara

Liquefaction status

Liquefied

Non-Liquefied

Event responsible Main shock of Gorkha Earthquake, April 25, 2015 and its after shocks

13



Figure Liquefaction (sand boiling) reported site. NSET has already carried out the drilling.

L6 Taukhel, Ramkot-5





Elevation 1341m

Community Name Taukhel

Address Taukhel, Ramkot-5

Liquefaction status

Liquefied

Non-Liquefied


14



Figure Tilted how was reported after earthquake but during our site visit, whole structures were already demolished.

L7 Thado Bhrayang, Swoyambhu





Elevation 1332m

Community Name Thado Bhrayang

Address Thado Bhrayang, Swoyambhu

Liquefaction status

Liquefied

Non-Liquefied


15



Figure Damaged house in the area but already are in the process of retrofitting.

L8 Baishdhara, Balaju





Elevation 1348m

Community Name Baishdhara

Address Baishdhara, Balaju

Liquefaction status

Liquefied

Non-Liquefied


16



Fig: The Morgan college building collapsed storey by storey, most probably due to

Collapse of pillars.

L9 Morgan college, Basundhara





Elevation 1324m

Community Name Basundhara

Address Morgan college, Basundhara

Liquefaction status

Liquefied

Non-Liquefied


17



Figure Huge cracks were observed. Subsidence of road >2m (Araniko Highway) was reported

L10 Kaushaltar, Bhaktapur Date of Inspection 14 October 2015




Elevation 1325m

Community Name Kaushaltar

Address Kaushaltar, Bhaktapur

Liquefaction status

Liquefied

Non-Liquefied


18



Figure Liquefaction (sand boiling) reported site. NSET has already carried out the drilling..

L11 Imadol, Lalitpur Date of Inspection 15 October 2015




Elevation 1287m

Community Name Imadol

Address Imadol, Lalitpur

Liquefaction status

Liquefied

Non-Liquefied


19



Figure Liquefaction (sand boiling) was reported. Displacements in the walls were observed.

L12 NEC engineering college, Duwakot





Elevation 1309m

Community Name Duwakot

Address NEC engineering college, Duwakot

Liquefaction status

Liquefied

Non-Liquefied


20



Figure Tilted temple of Bir-Binayak in front of Chandragiri VDC office.

L13 Chandragiri VDC office, Balambu

Date of Inspection 24 November 2015 Location ID L13 Responsibility Anoj Khanal, Sworup Sing karki X Coordinate Y Coordinate Longitude 85.23465 Latitude 27.69333333

Elevation 1358m

Community Name

Mukushi River

Address Chandragiri VDC office, Balambu

Source Geologist Mr. Narayan Adhikari, DMG

Liquefaction status

Liquefied Non-Liquefied

Event responsible

Main shock of Gorkha Earthquake, April 25, 2015 and its aftershocks

L14 Comfort Housing, Sanobhryanag Date of Inspection 03 January 2016

Location ID L14 Responsibility Anoj Khanal, Sworup Sing Karki X Coordinate Y Coordinate Longitude 85 17 16.9 Latitude 27 43 32.8 Elevation 1358m

Community Name

Comfort Housing

Address Comfort Housing, Sanobharyanag

21



Figure Pressurized groundwater discharge from deep tube well in Comfort Housing after the main shock of Gorkha Earthquake, which lasted for more than 15 days..

Source 3D

Liquefaction status

Liquefied Non-Liquefied

Event responsible

Main shock of Gorkha Earthquake, April 25, 2015

L15 Baniyatar on the left bank of Bishnumati River Date of Inspection 4 Jan-2016

Location ID L 15 Responsibility Anoj Khanal, Sworup Sing karki

22



Fig: Sand boiling site beside Khola in Baniyatar



Elevation 1300m

Community Name Baniyatar, Manamaiju

Address Baniyatar on the left bank of Bishnumati River

Liquefaction status

Liquefied

Non-Liquefied

Event responsible Main shock of Gorkha Earthquake, April 25, 2015

23



Figure Sand boiling reported area.

L16 Jharuwarasi, Lalitpur Date of Inspection 7 Jan-2016




Elevation 1366m

Community Name Jharuwarasi

Address Jharuwarasi, Lalitpur

Liquefaction status

Liquefied

Non-Liquefied


24



View from above

Figure Liquefied area due to Main April earthquake, now terraces

L17 Kokhana near Bungamati Date of Inspection 18 January 2016



Longitude 85 17 44.2 Latitude 27 37 43.7

Elevation 1202m

Community Name Kokhana

Address Khokana, near Bungamati

Liquefaction status

Liquefied

Non-Liquefied


25

Geology WL, m

Lon Lat From to symbol C(kN/m2) φ(degree)

2.25 3 1 103 3.45 2 0.8 31.4 22

4.5 4.95 1 20 89 9.45 1 7 11

10.5 10.95 3 2415 15.45 3 30

2 2.5 2 13 27 143 3.45 2 10

3.5 4 2 192 3 2 304 4.5 2 8 25.5 6 24

7.5 7.95 2 3 251.5 1.95 2 73.5 4 2 3 27.5 0.12 77.5 7.95 2 161.5 1.95 2

6 6.45 2 9 29.510.5 10.45 213.5 13.95 2 24

3 3.45 2 286.5 7 2 12.5 18.5 0.18 4311 11.5 2 18.5 27 3215 15.45 2 4 31

3 3.45 2 6 214 4.5 2 9 31.5 0.07

8.5 9 2 13.5 27.5 0.14 18

ThreeD-1Residential Cum commercial building at Gairidhara, KTM

Dec-15

ThreeD-3Warehouse cum office building. Satungal, KTM

Oct-15

ThreeD-5Residential building.

Kameretar, Thimi, Bhaktapur

Oct-15

ThreeD-7Foundation design of residential building, Sep-15

27 43 04.17 85 19 41.77 7.85


Activity B-2: Summary Data of Soil Proporties

S. No. Name of projectLocation Depth, m Shear test

Coefficient of Compression N values

Plasticity Index

Date of Study

27 41 12.1 85 14 46.19 1.3

ThreeD-2Electoral Support

Project,Chakupat, Lalitpur UNDP

Oct-15 27 42 43.09 85 18 52.66 1.5

27 40 35.97 85 23 40.42 2.7

ThreeD-4Benu Gopaltemple

Matidevi, KTMOct-15 27 42 12.25 85 19 58.25 1.8

27 40 59.8 85 19 03.42 2.7

ThreeD-6Foundation capacity review of existing prime building,

Khusibun, KTMSep-15 27 43 01.92 85 18 09.24 3.5

26

12 12.45 2 2 14

3 3.45 2 124.5 4.95 2 5 166.5 7 2 0 31 0.08 13

9 9.45 2 1 37 3313.5 13.95 2 3916.5 16.95 2 47

3 3.45 2 35.5 6 2 30.5 2 0.25 19

8 8.5 2 13.5 8 3410.5 10.95 2 816.5 16.95 2 3 34

4.5 4.95 2 0.5 33 106 6.45 2 89 9.45 2 5 16.5 11 21

12 12.45 2 4015 15.45 2 54

2 2.45 2 5 143 3.5 2

4.5 4.95 2 95 5.5 29 9.45 2 0 30.5 10

10.5 10.95 2 1213 13.4 218 18.45 2 719 19.5 2 0.26 12

23.5 23.95 2 63 3.5 2 65 5.5 2 6 26.5 0.12

7.5 7.95 2 2814 14.5 2 12 16 2221 21.45 2 12

3 3.45 2 195 5.45 2 7 15

5.5 6 2 12

Pulchowk, Lalitpur

ThreeD-9

Foundation design of residential cum commercial

building, Lazimpat, Kathmandu

Aug-15

ThreeD-11Soil investigation at UNDP

premises at Pulchowk,Kathmandu

May-07

27 43 5.32 85 19 26.70 2.5

ThreeD-8

Foundation design of commercial building,

Kalikasthan, Dillibazar, Kathmandu

Sep-15 27 42 14.76 85 19 36.02 13.2

27 40 50.10 85 18 56.58 0.7

ThreeD-10Foundation design of office

building , Dhumbarahi, Kathmandu

Apr-15 27 43 51.19 85 20 21

ThreeD-13 Assessment of allowable bearing capacity and liquefaction potential

Jul-11 27 43 20.46 85 19 20.01 4.1

ThreeD-12Foundation design of commercial building,

Durbarmarg, KTMMay-08 27 42 40.31 85 19 00.04 4.8

7.5 8 2 9 20.5 0.223 139 9.45 2 33

13 13.45 2 125 5.5 2 1 31

7.5 7.95 2 710 10.5 2 7 30

3.5 4 2 4 10.5 0.79 224 4.5 2 197 7.5 2 3 20 34

4.5 4.95 2 357.5 7.85 2 21 26

10.5 10.95 2 1512 12.45 2 6 25

3 3.45 2 203.5 4 2 16 18.5 0.19 299.5 10 2 10 18.5 31

15.5 16 2 5724 24.45 2 9 37

3 3.45 2 8 205 5.5 2 23 22 0.11 16

7.5 7.95 2 229.5 10 2

12.5 13 27 7.45 2 68 8.5 2 2 24 21

8.5 8.95 2 503 3.45 2 5 245 5.45 2 22

7.5 7.95 2 7 4711 11.5 2 0 26 0.87 19

3 3.45 2 176.5 7 2 4 24.5 0.45 25

10.5 10.95 2 223.25 3.45 2

4.5 4.95 2 5 29

probability of The Royal Danish Embassy Premises,

Lazimpat, KTM

ThreeD-15Commercial building,

Sanepa, LalitpurAug-07 27 41 14.06 85 19 0.13 7.5

ThreeD-14Commercial building

complex, Sano gaucharan, KTM

Sep-07 27 42 41.51 85 19 57.41 4.3

ThreeD-17Foundation design of of

SARK HOSPITAL, Buddhanagar, KTM

Oct-09 27 41 8.88 85 19 53.23 2.5

ThreeD-16Commercial building, Durbar

Marg, KTMMar-07 27 42 38.03 85 19 01.24 3.6

ThreeD-19Office building of

Sagarmatha insurance company pvt ltd,

Aug-07 27 42 44.95 85 19 48.54 5.2

ThreeD-18Foundation design of STAR HOSPITAL, Sanepa, Lalitpur

Oct-08 27 41 03.21 85 18 03.73 1

ThreeD-21Office building of DoED,

Gyaneshwar, KTMAug-07 27 42 42.35 85 20 00.89 7.4

ThreeD-20Apartment building, Balkhu,

KTMMay-07 27 41 14.50 85 17 39.61

Foundation design of

10 10.5 2 7 20 0.26 3719 19.5 2 2922 22.5 2 13 22 50

5 5.5 2 9 13 0.32 2211 11.5 2 9.5 24 3315 15.45 2 9 32

22.5 22.95 2 5 20 424.5 4.95 2 185.5 6 2 3 257.5 7.95 2 7

9 9.45 2 12 2211 11.5 2 15 19 0.19 14

3 3.45 2 75 5.5 2 4.9 25

7.5 7.95 2 119.5 10 2 9.6 23 0.37

14.5 15 2 10.3 25 0.55 2218.5 19 2 15.9 22.8 20

5 5.5 2 10.25 24 0.16 257.5 7.95 2 4 0.21

12.5 13 2 11.7 11 2418 18.45 2 15 24

6 6.45 2 6 258 8.5 2 14 21.5 0.46 21

12 12.45 2 9 3716 16.5 2 7 23.5 42

3.5 4 2 10 294.5 4.95 2 13

6 6.45 2 9 1310 10.5 2 15 17.5 0.34 2815 15.45 2 19 20

3 3.45 2 247.5 7.95 2 219.5 10 2 10 30

ThreeD-23Foundation design of apartment building

complex,Anamnagar, KTMOct-08 27 41 30.25 85 19 42.85 17.5

ThreeD-22Foundation design ofcommercial building

complex, Anamnagar, KTMJul-08 27 41 36 85 19 37 15.3

ThreeD-25Foundation design of Nepal Air Lines Building Complex,

Sinamangal, KTMDec-08 27 41 55.10 85 21 14.86 5

ThreeD-24Foundation design of Gayatri Tower, New

baneshwor, KTMOct-08 27 41 23.37 85 19 52.82 3

ThreeD-27Office building complex,

Babarmahal, KTMJan-08 27 41 32.12 85 19 31.94

ThreeD-26

Foundation design of apartment building

complex, Sano bharang, Swoyanbhu, KTM

Nov-08 27 43 13.6 85 17 11.55 11.5

ThreeD-29

Foundation design of share market commercial

Mar-08 27 42 29.07 85 19 10.19

2 5

ThreeD-28Commercial building

complex, Anamnagar, KTMDec-07 27 41 33.85 85 19 43.41 4.4

14 14.5 2 3 25.5 0.23 31

20 20.5 2 9 28.5 44

3.5 4 2 8 21 0.26 254.5 4.95 2 57.5 7.95 2 38

9 9.45 2 3615 15.45 2 38

2 2.5 2 10 19 266 6.45 2 4 26

10 10.5 2 7 19.5 0.39 3114 14.5 2 0 27 2918 18.45 2 12 32

3 3.45 2 234.5 4.95 2 286.5 7 2

7 7.5 2 14 22.5 0.15210.5 11 2 2113.5 14 2 23

4 4.5 24.5 4.95 2 40

5 5.5 2 1 31.56 6.45 2 31

7.5 7.95 2 3810 10.5 2 20 21 0.21

16.5 16.95 2 3619.5 19.95 2 39

3.5 4 26 6.45 2 15 26 10

9.5 10 2 12 22.5 0.2610.5 11 2 15

4.5 4.95 2 18 17 7 155 5.45 29 9.35 2 0 19 26

12 12.45 2

market commercial complex , Kamaladi, KTM

2.5

ThreeD-31Foundation design of commercial building complex, Teku, KTM

Aug-08 27 41 45.48 85 18 21.83 7

ThreeD-30Foundation design of apartment building , Bhimsengola, KTM

Sep-08 27 41 57.56 85 20 38.19 7.3

ThreeD-33Foundation design of

apartment building complex , Kalikmasthan, KTM

Nov-08 27 42 14.85 85 19 37.88 17.7


apartment building complex , Samakhusi, KTM

Oct-08 27 43 29.02 85 18 49.40 0.5

ThreeD-35

Foundation design of commercial building

complex, New Baneshwor, Nov-07 27 41 15.40 85 20 14.42 9.4

ThreeD-34Nobel college teaching

hospital building complex, Sinamangal, KTM

Dec-07 27 41 47.04 85 21 9.04 8

15.5 15.95 2

2 2.5 22.5 3 2 1 274.5 4.95 2 8

5 5.5 2 0 27.57.5 7.95 2 134.5 4.95 2 376.5 7 2 6 29.5

11.5 12 2 1 25 0.416.5 16.95 2 15 2717.5 18 2 8 17.5

4.5 4.95 2 7 2410 10.5 2 20.5 25.5 0.38 35

18.5 19 2 20 18 0.435 5.5 2 14 21.5 0.186 6.45 2 5

7.5 7.95 2 7 810.5 10.95 2 913.5 13.95 2 25

4.5 4.95 2 7 326.5 7 2 22 20.5 1111 11.5 2 21 20 2715 15.45 2 14 27

21.5 22 2 6 22 304 4.5 2 125 5.5 2 17 17.5 0.17 24

6.5 7 2 257.5 7.95 2 114

9 9.45 2 6213.5 13.95 2 14 2115.5 15.75 2 24 23 0.12 12

18 18.45 2 9 124 4.5 2 10

4.5 4.95 2 10

KTM

ThreeD-37Krishi Premura

TowerKamaladi, KTMAug-08 27 42 33.15 85 19 10.33 3.9

ThreeD-36Donbosco college building,

GwarkoAug-08 27 40 25.37 85 20 37.31 1

ThreeD-39Foundation design of commercial building

complex, Dillibazar, KTMApr-09 27 42 29.44 85 19 36.77 4.3


apartment building complex , Dhobighat, Lalitpur

Aug-09 27 40 32.07 85 18 6.37 10.2

ThreeD-41


complex, Jamal, Kantipath, KTM

Mar-09 27 42 39.38 85 18 50.86 4.5


apartment building complex , Balkumari, Lalitpur

Mar-09 27 40 23.59 85 20 21.79 13.5

5.5 6 2 136 6.45 2 26

7.5 7.95 2 6 14

9 9.45 4 37

11.5 12 2 14 2315 15.45 2 31

22.5 22.95 2 293.5 4 2 7 316.5 7 2 11 28.5

10.5 10.95 2 3315 15.45 2 43

2 3 23.5 4 2 15 30.5

6 6.45 2 97 7.5 2

3.5 4 2 28 19.5 256.5 7 2 13 27 24

9 9.45 2 6 2513.5 13.95 2 12 30

4 4.5 26 6.45 2 61

7.5 7.95 3 609 9.45 3 0 30 62

12 12.45 2 6719.5 19.95 2 94

3 3.45 2 65.5 6 2 33 21 0.16 218.5 9 2 17 27 0.14 39

14.5 15 2 9 27.5 2027 27.45 2 19 19

3.5 4 1 7.5 14 0.21 187.5 7.95 2 9

10.5 10.95 2 912.5 13 1 9 24 31


complex, Gaushala, KTMOct-09 27 42 23.92 85 20 40.56 12.25


imperial apartment building complex, Naxal, KTM

Nov-08 27 43 0.59 85 19 39.73 5.2


complex, Balkhu , lalitpurJul-09 27 41 4.60 85 17 53.40 6.6


extension block of B & B hospital, Gwarko, Lalitpur

Oct-09 27 39 54.32 85 19 47.12 2.7

ThreeD-47Foundation design of waste to energy facilities building complex, Baghdol, lalitpur

Aug-09 27 40 12.20 85 17 40.88 0.7


complex, chhetrapati, KTMFeb-09 27 42 45.6 85 18 36.95 3

ThreeD-48Foundation design of office

building complex, Buddhanagar, KTM

Aug-09 27 41 17.47 85 19 45.97 3.3

18.5 19 2 313.5 4 1 207.5 7.95 2 12 30.5 32

11 12 2

16.5 16.95 2 4 30.5 16

3 3.45 2 216 6.45 2 218 8.5 2 8.5 25.5

11 12 214 15 2

3 3.45 2 53.7 3.85 2 19 20 0.21 185.2 6 1 17

3 3.45 2 18 404.5 4.95 3 186.5 7 2 10.5 26 0.22

9 9.45 2 10 2312.5 13 2 6 15

4.5 4.95 2 215 5.5 2 3 27.5 0.099

7.7 7.95 211 11.5 2 20 7 8

15.5 15.95 1 34 17 3218.5 19 2 9

3.5 4 26 6.45 2 13

9.5 10 2 11 2713.5 13.95 3 8 31.5 14

18 18.45 3 222 2.5 2 7 26.5 24

5 5.5 2 20 24.5 19

1.5 1.95 2 153.5 4 1 18 25 20


complex, Tangal, KTMAug-09 27 43 3.60 85 19 46.04 1.9


residential building , Pyukha, New Road, KTM

Jun-10 27 42 12.89 85 18 42.33

ThreeD-50


complex, Bisalnagar, Pipal Bot, KTM

Aug-09 27 43 27.77 85 20 23.64 5.5

ThreeD-53Foundation design of apartment building

complex, Maharajgunj, KTM Jan-10 27 44 14.88 85 20 29.86 14.4

ThreeD-52Foundation design of commercial building complex, Teku, KTM

Aug-09 27 41 48.80 85 18 15.56 2.7


building complex for British School, Chovar

Apr-10 27 39 24.89 85 17 09.88 1.5


complex, Bhatbhateni, KTMDec-09 27 43 12.74 85 19 54.08 4.2


6 6.45 2 929.5 10 2 7

15.5 16 2 33 21.5 0.14 27

2 3 2 53.2 3.45 2 9

4 4.5 2 9 26.5 283.5 4 1 18 21 0.11 20

6 6.45 26.5 7 25.5 6 111 11.5 1 7 32 0.07 1118 18.45 2 25

2 3 2 44.5 4.95 2 306.5 11 213 13.5 2 25 25.5 14

17.5 18 2 14 27.5 195 6 2

9.5 10 2 40 16.5 0.08 1815.5 16 2 42

3 3.45 2 203.5 4 2 16 18.5 0.19 299.5 10 2 10 18.5 31

15.5 16 2 5724 24.45 2 9 37

3 3.45 2 6 38 176 6.45 2 9

10.5 10.95 2 8 31 1813.5 13.95 2 42

3 3.45 2 55 6 2

7.5 7.95 2 2 1211 11.5 2 27 23 0.18 12

3 6 4

ThreeD-57Foundation design of office cum laboratory building for KUKL, Mahankalchaur, KTM

Apr-10 27 43 16.85 85 21 14.98


reliable colony apartment, Bhaisepati, Lalitpur

Apr-10 27 38 30.89 85 18 23.31


apartment building complex , Tahachal, KTM

Jul-10 27 42 12.58 85 17 45.32

ThreeD-58Foundation design of resaidential building, Bhaisepati, Lalitpur

Jul-10 27 39 17.08 85 18 15.35

ThreeD-61Foundation design of Medical

college & hospital building, Balkhu, KTM

May-10 27 41 13.9 85 17 37.79 3.5

ThreeD-60

Foundation design of Medical college and hospital

building complex, Bhaisepati, Lalitpur

Nov-09 27 39 04.7 85 18 14.01


complex, Battisputali, KTMDec-10 27 42 15.13 85 20 31.15 11.5

ThreeD-62

Foundation design of BN apartment building

complex, Buddhanagar, KTM

Oct-09 27 41 8.88 85 19 53.23 2.5



complex, Gongabu, KTMDec-10 27 44 14.46 85 18 52.40 13.05

7.5 7.95 2 108 8.5 2 4 342 3 2

3.5 4 24.75 4.95 2

7.5 7.95 2 8 28.5 912 12.45 3 40

18 18.45 3 42

2 3 34 5 3 10 33.59 10 3

12 13 33 3.45 2 66 6.45 3 0 35 48 8.5 2 7 28.5 0.25 22

18.5 19 2 9 21 0.14 2828 28.5 2 32

33.5 34 2 0.3 341 1.5 1 17 25 172 3 1 15

4.5 4.95 4 473.5 4.5 26.5 7 2 16 23 3

10.5 10.95 2 1412.5 13 1 1215.5 16 2 17 17 2418.5 19 2 13 21.5 0.17 20

2 3 1 194.5 4.95 1 22 196.5 7 1

7 7.5 2 18.5 24.58 9 1 91 1.45 2 4 28 52 2.45 2 9

ThreeD-65

satdobato commercial complex, Satdobato, Lalitpur

Nov-10 27 39 28.89 85 19 33.23 5.9

ThreeD-67

Foundation design of Serene Resort Pvt.Ltd. Building

complex, Nagarkot, Bhaktapur

May-11 27 43 24.47 85 31 29.11

ThreeD-66

Foundation design of residential building for Mr.

Bhupendra Khati, Baluwatar, KTM

Nov-10 27 43 37.86 85 19 44.11 16.5

ThreeD-69Foundation design for Civil

Colony - 1, sunakothi, Lalitpur

Oct-11 27 37 26.63 85 19 14.31 0.5

ThreeD-68Foundation design of Gantantra Stambha

Complex, Gusingal, LalitpurDec-11 27 41 33.55 85 18 26 28

ThreeD-71Foundation design of residential building

complex, Godawari, Lalitpur Sep-10 27 36 46.07 85 21 29.63 0.5

ThreeD-70Foundation design of NEA buildings, Tudhikhel, KTM

Aug-10 27 42 19.91 85 19 0.62 4

ThreeD-72Foundation design of Buddha

Air Hanger Tribhuwan

Mar-10 27 41 44.30 85 21 48.26 3

5 5.45 2 27

3.5 4 1 9 32.5 0.11 236 6.45 1 54 248 8.5 1 27

13.5 13.95 1 80 12

19.5 19.95 1

3 3.45 2 116 6.45 2 9 31.5 19

7.5 7.95 2 2311 11.5 2 9 29

15.5 16 2 17 20 0.31 3218.5 19 2 11 20.5 0.205 22

3.5 3.7 2 13 15 214.5 4.95 4 289.5 10 2 23 22 0.071 13

10.5 10.95 2 2511 12 216 16.5 2 0 37

3 3.45 3 156 6.45 3 1 30.5 248 8.5 2 0.75 27.5 0.13

12 12.45 1 13 715 15.45 2 0 36 30

19.5 19.95 3 3424 24.45 3 40

4 4.5 2 1910 10.5 2 6 20 0.25 2115 15.45 2 13 23

19.5 19.95 2 14 193 3.45 4 10

7.5 7.95 1 6 913 13.5 1 14.7 20.7 0.23 15

17.5 18 3 8 25.3 9

ThreeD-73

Foundation design of Palyul Urgen Dorge Choling

Building complex, Pharping, KTM

spe 2010 27 37 17.13 85 15 21.46 10

Air Hanger, Tribhuwan international airport, KTM

ThreeD-75

Foundation design of apartment building

complex, bhaisepati, Lalitpur

Jan-10 27 39 23.79 85 18 14.01 3

ThreeD-74

Foundation design of Kathmandu Medical college

Building complex, Sinamangal, KTM

Feb-10 27 41 46.50 85 21 13.48 7

ThreeD-77

Foundation design of NANSA office cum aviation

authority of Nepal, Sinamangal, KTM

Nov-13 27 41 51.28 85 21 19.31 0

ThreeD-76Foundation design of Radar Tower, Kathmandu Airport

Feb-14 27 42 23.67 85 22 2.15 22

ThreeD-78Foundation design of Civil

aviation authority building, babarmahal KTM

Aug-13 27 41 33.04 85 19 30.26 0.5

22.5 22.95 1 9 4928.5 28.95 1 14 26

3 3.45 2 3 236.5 7 2 4.4 20.5 0.46 14

10.5 10.95 2 3 2113 13.5 2 4.4 16.8 0.44 22

1.7 2.75 22.75 3 1 20.5 17.5 0.41 16

4.5 4.95 1 77.5 7.95 3 368.5 9 210 10.5 3 3 36.515 15.45 3 1.5 34 45

22.5 22.95 3 1 37.5 451.95 4.5 2

6.5 7 1 19.1 23.8 0.13 59 9.45 1 12 4

13 13.5 1 3 21.4 9

ThreeD-83Foundation design of Kopen

Gumpa Building Complex, Kopen KTM

Aug-12 27 44 30.83 85 21 51.08 0 4.75 4 1.5 30.5

5 5.5 1 13.5 21.8 0.17 2310 10.5 1 4 10 0.43 24

13.5 13.95 1 35 5.5 2 8.15 23.8 389 9.45 2 5 33

11 11.5 2 11 21.917 17.5 2 14.65 15.9 33

4.5 4.95 2 7.4 30.9 96.5 7 1 9.3 23.2 0.19 1712 12.45 2 2718 18.45 2 21

ThreeD-80

ThreeD-81

ThreeD-82

ThreeD-84

ThreeD-85

ThreeD-86

ThreeD-79

Foundation design of Mr. Umesh Manandhar's

Residential Building,Ichangu Narayan, KTM

Sep-13 27 43 51.73 85 17 10.59 0.5

babarmahal, KTM

Foundation design of Shree Investment and Finance Co.

Ltd Building Complex, Gyaneshwor, KTM

Apr-13 27 42 30.55 85 20 0.22 6.5

Foundation design of Kantipur International

Collegte Building, Imadol, Jul-13 27 39 41.86 85 20 7.00

Foundation design of Department of Railways

Building, Bishal Nagar , KTMSep-12 27 43 12.87 85 20 6.24

Soil investigation of Manamati Bridge on

southern extension of Bisnumati Link Road, KTM

Jan-12 27 41 43.22 85 18 00.78 9.6

Foundation design of Kopen Gumpa Building Complex, Rabi

Bhawan, KTMMar-12 27 41 40.27 85 17 30.48 2.2

Foundation design of St. Mary's High School

Auditorium, Pulchowk, Lalitpur

Sep-13 27 40 32.78 85 18 40.57 1.85


APPENDIX B-3



Activity B-3: EARTHQUAKE INDUCED SLOPE FAILURE ESTIMATION



20th January, 2016

Three D.

Consultants

1


2 Activity B-3: Earthquake Induced Slope Failure Estimation


Table of Content

Summary Table ………………………………………………………………………….1

Map of Study sites ……………………………………………………………………….3

S1.1 Adeshwor, Nagarjun ……………………………………………………………….4

S1.2 Adeshwor, Nagarjun ……………………………………………………………….6

S2 Chalnakhel, Pharping ………………………………………………………………..8

S3 Sundarijal, near Melamchi Reservoir) …………………………………………….10

S4 Tarebhir, Shivapuri National Park ………………………………………………..12

S5 Chapali, Budhalnilkantha ………………………………………………………….14

S6 Taukhel, Godavari ………………………………………………………………….16

S7 Pharsidol, Bungmati ………………………………………………………………..18

S8 Bajrayogini Temple, Sankhu ……………………………………………………….20

S9 Jagdol Bhanghyang, Vanjyang …………………………………………………….22

S10.1 Saudol, Tathali Bhaktapur ……………………………………………………...24

S10.2Saudol, Tathali Bhaktapur ………………………………....................................26

S11 Saraswatikhel, Mulpani ……………………………………...................................28

S12 Tokha …………………………………………………………………………….....30

S13 Swoyambhu ………………………………………………………………………...32

2

Location ID

Place Date of visit Northing Easting Elevation Slope HeightSlope Angle

OverhangTop Soil

ConditionWater sepage

Remarks/CommentData Source (of

information)

S1.1Adeshwor, Nagarjun

Muncipality, Kathmandu

10/6/2015 27.724138 85.26927 1463m 30m <= H < 50m45 <= α <

60Yes

Many boulders on the cutting

slope

No Water Seepage

Because of aftershocks of Gorkha Earthquake

By discussing with the locals of the area, site

was determined

S1.2Adeshwor, Nagarjun

Muncipality, Kathmandu

10/6/2015 27.72561 85.26788 1477m 50m <= H45 <= α <

60Yes

Soil with gravels

No Water Seepage

Because of aftershocks of Gorkha Earthquake

By discussing with the locals of the area, site was

determined.

S2 Chalnakhel, Pharping 11/18/2015 27.624316 85.292096 1230m 50m <= H α < 45 NoSoil with gravels

yes April 25 –April 26 Earthquake3D consultancy, they had visited the site just after the Gorkha Earthquake

S3Sundarijal, near

Melamchi Reservoir11/21/2015 27.763277 85.425055 1440m 30m <= H < 50m

45 <= α < 60

Yes

Rock with rich

fissures/weathered/alt

ered

NoDuring the monsoon season

after Gorkha Earthquake

Local person were interviewed and then site

was selected

S4Tarebhir, Shivapuri

National Park11/22/2015 27.779472 85.3826111 1884m 50m <= H

45 <= α < 60

Yes

Weatheredaltered rock or fissured

rock

YesDue to the main shock of

Gorkha Earthquake (April 25)

National Newspapers reported the incident after

main shock of Gorkha Earthquake (April 25)

S5Chapali,

Budhalnilkantha11/23/2015 27.760916 85.368472 1498m H < 10m

45 <= α < 60

Yes

Rock with rich

fissures/weathered/alt

ered

NoDuring the rainy season after

Gorkha Earthquake

Site was discovered during the fieldwork by slope

team

S6 Taukhel, Godavari 11/24/2015 27.606 85.358 1413m 10m<=H<30m45 <= α <

60Yes

Soil/Sand/Talus

YesDuring the rainy season after

Gorkha Earthquake

Site was discovered during the fieldwork by Micro

tremor Team


Activity B-3: Summary of Earthquake Induced Slope Failure Estimation Study

S7 Pharsidol, Bungmati 12/6/2015 27.620914 85.29957 1305m

Terrace of large areal extent, of

gentle slopeα < 45 Clay No

Not any direct effect of Gorkha Earthquake

Environmental and Engineering Geological

Map of Kathmandu Valley, DMG 1998

S8Bajrayogini Temple,

Sankhu12/8/2015 27.7443 85.3761 1609m 30m <= H < 50m α < 45

Weathered altered rock or fissured

rock

NoBig boulders on slope but no

effect of Earthquake


Map of Kathmandu Valley, 1998

S9Jagdol Bhanghyang,

Vanjyang12/9/2015 27.7473 85.3761 1443m 50m <= H 60 <= α No

Soil with gravels

NoDuring monsoon after Gorkha

Earthquake


Map of Kathmandu Valley, 1998 DMG

S10.1 Saudol, Tathali

Bhaktapur12/10/2015 27.6625 85.4676 1341m 10m<=H<30m

45 <= α < 60

NoSoil/Sand/T

alusNo Water Seepage

Collapse during monsoon after Gorkha Earthquake



S10.2Saudol, Tathali

Bhaktapur12/10/2015 27.6515 85.46726944 1377m 50m <= H

45 <= α < 60

YesSoil/Sand/T

alusNo Water Seepage

During main shock of Gorkha Earthquake



S11Saraswatikhel,

Mulpani12/11/2015 27.6957 85.4014 1353m H < 10m α < 45 No

Soil/Sand/Talus

NoNo incident due to Gorkha

Earthquake



S12 Tokha 12/11/2015 27.8 85.331 1542m

Whole slope was covered by dense

vegetation. No effect of

earthquake

α < 45 NoNo effect of Gorkha Earthquake

was reported.


Map of Kathmandu Valley, 1998 DMG

S13 Swoyambhu 10/3/2015 27.715325 85.29073 1393m 10m<=H<30m α < 45No

vegetationNo Creeping due to Earthquake

By doing field visit and discussing with the locals

Loca

tion

of S

lope

Fai

lure

stud

y si

tes

Rai

n In

duce

d Sl

ope

Failu

re

Ear

thqu

ake

Indu

ced

Slop

e Fa

ilure

No

effe

ct

3

Data Collection for Earthquake Induced Slope Failure Estimation

Three D. Consultants P. Ltd. Kalimati Kathmandu Nepal www.threedcon.com

EARTHQUAKE INDUCED SLOPE FAILURE ESTIMATION (Activity B-3) S1.1 Adeshwor, Nagarjun Date of Inspection 06 October 2015 Location ID S1.1 Responsibility Anoj Khanal, Sworup Sing Karki X Coordinate Y Coordinate Longitude 85.26927 Latitude 27.724138 Elevation 1463m Community Name Adeshwor

Address Adeshwor, Nagarjun Muncipality, Kathmandu

Source By discussing with the locals of the area, site was determined.

Triggering Cause Earthquake Slope Conditions

Items Choices Result Slope Height (H) 1 50m <= H

2 30m <= H < 50m 3 10m<=H<30m 4 H < 10m

Slope angel (α) Choices Result 1 60 <= α 2 45 <= α < 60 3 α < 45

Overhang Choices 1 Yes 2 No

Top Soil Conditions

Choices Result

1 Many fragmented rocks or boulders on the surface

2 Many boulders on the cutting slope

3 Rock with rich fissures/weathered/altered

4 Soil with gravels

5 Weathered altered rock or fissured rock

6 Soil/Sand/Talus

7 Clay

8 Rocks without fissures

4



S1.1 Continued

Thickness of top soil Choices Result

1 More than 0.5m

2 less than 0.5m Water Seepage Choices

1 Water Seepage 2 No Water Seepage

Disaster record Choices 1 Recent Because of

aftershocks of Gorkha Earthquake

2 Not Recent 3 None

Conservation area conditions

Items Choices Result Deformation or anomalies in the Slope

Yes No Yes

Rock Falls or collapse that impacted to the house

Yes No No

Bad situation for Slope Stability

Remarkable Yes No Yes

Protection works for Slope Stability

Yes No No

Remarks Old quarry site of limestones. No houses or cultivation, so not any direct effect for the locals

Photos

Fig: Exposure showing the rockfall site with big boulders of limestone. The area belongs to the old quarry site of limestone and the event responsible for this faliure was main shock of Gorkha Earthquake

5



S1.2 Adeshwor, Nagarjun Date of Inspection 06 October 2015

Location ID S1.2 Responsibility Anoj Khanal, Sworup Sing Karki X Coordinate Y Coordinate Longitude 85.26788 Latitude 27.72561 Elevation 1477m

Community Name Adeshwor (500m west from S1)

Address Adeshwor, Nagarjun Muncipality, Kathmandu

Triggering Cause Earthquake

Source By discussing with the locals of the area, site was determined.

Slope Conditions Items Choices Result Slope Height (H) 1 50m <= H

2 30m <= H < 50m 3 10m<=H<30m 4 H < 10m



Top Soil Conditions

Choices Result




4 Soil with gravels


6 Soil/Sand/Talus

7 Clay


6



S1.2 continued


1 More than 0.5m



Disaster record Choices 1 Recent Because of

aftershocks of Gorkha Earthquake

2 Not Recent 3 None



Yes No Yes


Yes No No


Remarkable Yes No No


Yes No No

Remarks Old quarry site and not any direct threat to the locals or adjoining road.

Photos

Fig: Exposure showing the rockfall site with big boulders of limestone. The area belongs to the old quarry site of limestone and the event responsible for this faliure was shocks of Gorkha Earthquake.

7



S2 Chalnakhel, Pharping Date of Inspection 18 November 2015

Location ID S2 Responsibility Anoj Khanal, Sworup Sing Karki X Coordinate Y Coordinate Longitude 85.292096 Latitude 27.62316 Elevation 1230m

Community Name Chalnakhel

Address Chalnakhel, Pharping


Source 3D consultancy, they had visited the site just after the Gorkha Earthquake


2 30m <= H < 50m 3 10m<=H<30m 4 H < 10m



Top Soil Conditions

Choices Result




4 Soil with gravels


6 Soil/Sand/Talus

7 Clay


8



S2 continued


1 More than 0.5m



Disaster record Choices 1 Recent April 25 –April 26

Earthquake 2 Not Recent 3 None



Yes No Yes


Yes No No




Yes No Yes

Remarks Gabion wall is constructed, Bio-Engineering is applied in the site.

Photos

Fig: Slope failure site showing the scarp of failure (Fig a) and recently constructed road with gabion wall (Fig b) to protect it. Displacement of electrical pole can be seen (Fig b) which is more than 40m displacement. Slope failure was resulted due to loose sediments (Fig c) and seepage in the area.

a

b c

9



S3 Sundarijal, near Melamchi Reservoir) Date of Inspection 21 November 2015


Community Name Sundarijal

Address Sundarijal, (1km NE from Melamchi Reservoir) Triggering Cause Earthquake

Source Local person were interviewed and then site was selected


2 30m <= H < 50m 3 10m<=H<30m 4 H < 10m



Top Soil Conditions

Choices Result




4 Soil with gravels


6 Soil/Sand/Talus

7 Clay


10



S3 continued


1 More than 0.5m



Disaster record Choices 1 Recent During the monsoon

season after Gorkha Earthquake

2 Not Recent 3 None



Yes No Yes


Yes No No


Remarkable Yes No Remarkable


Yes No No

Remarks Highly weathered gneiss was observed. Slopes seems very unstable with big boulders on it and houses downward are in high risk due to those hanging boulders.

Photos

Fig: Slope faliure site showing highly weathered gneiss (Figure b) and big boulders (Figure a) on the roadside. Slope collapsed during the monsoon after Gorkha Earthquake.

b a

11



S4 Tarebhir, Shivapuri National Park Date of Inspection

22 November 2015


Community Name Tarebhir

Address Tarebhir, Shivapuri National Park

Triggering Cause Seasonal rainfall

Source National Newspapers reported the incident after main shock of Gorkha Earthquake (April 25)


2 30m <= H < 50m 3 10m<=H<30m 4 H < 10m



Top Soil Conditions

Choices Result




4 Soil with gravels


6 Soil/Sand/Talus

7 Clay


12



S4 continued


1 More than 0.5m



Disaster record Choices 1 Recent Due to the main

shock of Gorkha Earthquake (April 25)

2 Not Recent 3 None



Yes No Yes


Yes No No




Yes No Yes

Remarks Highly weathered gneiss was observed. Gabion wall is under construction to protect the slope and the road that passes through the slope failure site.

Photos

Fig: Slope faliure site with highly weatherd gneiss. Road was damaged and local authority has already constructed gabbion wall for the slope stability.

13



S5 Chapali, Budhalnilkantha Date of Inspection 23 November 2015


Community Name Budhanilkantha

Address Chapali, Budhalnilkantha


Source Site was discovered during the fieldwork by slope team


2 30m <= H < 50m 3 10m<=H<30m 4 H < 10m



Top Soil Conditions

Choices Result




4 Soil with gravels


6 Soil/Sand/Talus

7 Clay


14



S5 continued


1 More than 0.5m



Disaster record Choices 1 Recent During the rainy

season after Gorkha Earthquake

2 Not Recent 3 None



Yes No Yes


Yes No No




Yes No Yes

Remarks Highly weathered gneiss was observed. Slope seems stable but lots of erosion going on, on the top of hill during the monsoon. Locals have plated pine tree in the area.

Photos

Fig: Highly weathered gneiss and numerous small scale slope failures resulted during the monsoon after Gorkha Earthquake.

15



S 6 Taukhel, Godavari Date of Inspection 24 November 2015


Community Name Lelinthok

Address Taukhel, Godavari


Source Site was discovered during the fieldwork by Micro tremor Team


2 30m <= H < 50m 3 10m<=H<30m 4 H < 10m



Top Soil Conditions

Choices Result




4 Soil with gravels


6 Soil/Sand/Talus

7 Clay


16



S6 continued


1 More than 0.5m



Disaster record Choices 1 Recent During the rainy season


2 Not Recent 3 None



Yes No Yes


Yes No No




Yes No No

Remarks Alternate sequence of fluvial and lacustrine deposit was observed. Slope collapsed on the road side during monsoon season after Gorkha Earthquake.

Photos

Fig: Small scale slope faliure reported on the roadside (Figure a and b). Site consists of thick lacustrine deposit (Figure c) which was weaken during earthquake and slope collapsed during the monsoon after Gorkha Earthquake.

a b

c

17



S7 Pharsidol, Bungmati Date of Inspection 06 December 2015


Community Name Pharsidol

Address Pharsidol, Bungmati

Triggering Cause No slope failure reported

Source Environmental and Engineering Geological Map of Kathmandu Valley, DMG 1998

Slope Conditions Items Choices Result Slope Height (H) 1 50m <= H Terrace of large areal extent, of

gentle slope 2 30m <= H < 50m 3 10m<=H<30m 4 H < 10m

Slope angel (α) Choices Result 1 60 <= α 2 45 <= α < 60 3 α < 45 Very gentle slope


Top Soil Conditions

Choices Result




4 Soil with gravels


6 Soil/Sand/Talus

7 Clay


18



S7 Continued


1 More than 0.5m



Disaster record Choices 1 Recent Gorkha Earthquake

triggered it 2 Not Recent 3 None



Yes No No


Yes No -


Remarkable Yes No -


Yes No No

Remarks Map of DMG, 1998 classified this area as a probable site for landslide. It is a creeping site and creeping is going on each year during the monsoon. Recent Gorkha Earthquake also triggered it. Terrace farming is being practiced by the locals to overcome the mass wasting situation.

Photos

Fig: Creeping was observed on the terraces. Numerous cracks were formed during the earthquake and whole slope is moving slowly.

19



S8 Bajrayogini Temple, Sankhu Date of Inspection 08 December 2015


Community Name Bajrayogini Temple

Address Bajrayogini Temple, Sankhu

Triggering Cause No slope failure observed

Source Environmental and Engineering Geological Map of Kathmandu Valley, 1998

Slope Conditions

Items Choices Result Slope Height (H) 1 50m <= H

2 30m <= H < 50m 3 10m<=H<30m 4 H < 10m



Top Soil Conditions

Choices Result




4 Soil with gravels


6 Soil/Sand/Talus

7 Clay


20



S8 continued


1 More than 0.5m 2 less than 0.5m

Water Seepage Choices 1 Water Seepage 2 No Water Seepage

Disaster record Choices

21



1 Recent Big boulders on slope but no effect of Earthquake

2 Not Recent 3 None

Conservation area conditions Items Choices Result Deformation or anomalies in the Slope

Yes No Yes


Yes No No




Yes No No

Remarks Map of DMG classified it as probable site for landslide, but during our field visit we didn’t find any concrete evidence of slope failure or landslide. Highly weathered gneiss is found in the area.

Photos

Fig: No evidence of the slope faliure even in the weak zone. Few boulders and highly weather grains of gneiss on the roadside from past event but not any significant effect of Gorkha Earthquake

22



S9 Jagdol Bhanghyang, Vanjyang Date of Inspection 09 December 2015

Location ID S9 Responsibility Anoj Khanal, Sworup Sing Karki X Coordinate Y Coordinate Longitude 85.3761 Latitude 27.7473

Elevation 1443m

Community Name Jagdol Vanjyang

Address Jagdol Bhanghyang, Vanjyang


Source Environmental and Engineering Geological Map of Kathmandu Valley, 1998 DMG


2 30m <= H < 50m 3 10m<=H<30m 4 H < 10m



Top Soil Conditions

Choices Result




4 Soil with gravels


6 Soil/Sand/Talus

7 Clay


23



S9 Continued


1 More than 0.5m


1 Water Seepage 2 No Water

Seepage

24



Disaster record Choices 1 Recent During monsoon


2 Not Recent 3 None



Yes No Yes


Yes No No




Yes No No

Remarks Slope failure on the northern slope of the hill and the school (Janajagriti Secondary School) below the hill is in danger.

Photos

Fig: Slope faliure during the monsoon after the Gorkha Earthquake. Figure a and b show unstable slope while figure c is showing the scholl building which is in high risk due to the slope faliure on the back side.

a b

c

25



S10.1 Saudol, Tathali Bhaktapur Date of Inspection 10 December 2015

Location ID S10.1 Responsibility Anoj Khanal, Sworup Sing Karki X Coordinate Y Coordinate

Longitude 85.4676 Latitude 27.6625 Elevation 1341m

Community Name Tathali-7

Address Saudol, Bhaktapur




2 30m <= H < 50m 3 10m<=H<30m 4 H < 10m



Top Soil Conditions

Choices Result




4 Soil with gravels


6 Soil/Sand/Talus

7 Clay


26



S10.1 Continued


1 More than 0.5m



Disaster record Choices 1 Recent Collapse during

monsoon after Gorkha Earthquake

2 Not Recent 3 None



Yes No Yes


Yes No No




Yes No No

Remarks Small scale slope failure at the edge of small water canal which is being used for irrigation locally.

Photos

Fig: Small scale slope faliure during the monsoon after the Gorkha Earthquake. Bamboos on the slope made it stable and not any bigger incident was reported.

27



S10.2 Saudol, Tathali Bhaktapur Date of Inspection 10 December 2015

Location ID S10.2 Responsibility Anoj Khanal, Sworup Sing Karki X Coordinate Y Coordinate Longitude 85.46726944 Latitude 27.6515 Elevation 1377m

Community Name Tathali - 3 Local Contact: Nabaraj Basnet Ph No: 9861086268

Address Saudol, Bhaktapur




2 30m <= H < 50m 3 10m<=H<30m 4 H < 10m



Top Soil Conditions

Choices Result




4 Soil with gravels


6 Soil/Sand/Talus

7 Clay


28



S10.2 Continued


1 More than 0.5m



Disaster record Choices 1 Recent During main

shock of Gorkha Earthquake

2 Not Recent 3 None



Yes No Yes


Yes No No




Yes No No

Remarks Slope collapsed during the main shock of Gorkha Earthquake, House toward uphill is in slight danger

Photos

Fig: Slope faliure site showing the collapsed slope with trees on the slope. Slope faliure was reported immediately after the main shock of Gorkha Earthquake. Thick lacustrine deposit on the area made the slope weaker and prone to faliure during the earthquake.

29



S11 Saraswatikhel, Mulpani Date of Inspection 11 December 2015


Community Name Sarswatikhel

Address Mulpani

Triggering Cause No failure reported



2 30m <= H < 50m 3 10m<=H<30m 4 H < 10m



Top Soil Conditions

Choices Result




4 Soil with gravels


6 Soil/Sand/Talus

7 Clay


30



S11 Continued


1 More than 0.5m



Disaster record Choices 1 Recent 2 Not Recent 3 None



Yes No No


Yes No No




Yes No No

Remarks Alternate layer of sand and clay. Sand mining site, not any effect of Gorkha Earthquake on the site.

Photos

Fig: Photographs showing the sand mining site. Not any incident of slope faliure due to the Gorkha Earthquake.

31



S12 Tokha Date of Inspection 11 December 2015

Location ID S12 Responsibility Anoj Khanal, Sworup Sing karki X Coordinate Y Coordinate Longitude 85.331 Latitude 27.800

Elevation 1542m

Community Name

Address Tokha

Triggering Cause No failure reported

Source Environmental and Engineering Geological Map of Kathmandu Valley, 1998 DMG

Slope Conditions Items Choices Result Slope Height (H) 1 50m <= H Whole slope was covered by

dense vegetation. No effect of earthquake

2 30m <= H < 50m 3 10m<=H<30m 4 H < 10m


Overhang Choices 1 Yes 2 No -

Top Soil Conditions

Choices Result




4 Soil with gravels


6 Soil/Sand/Talus

7 Clay


32



S12 Continued


1 More than 0.5m


1 Water Seepage

33



2 No Water Seepage Disaster record Choices

1 Recent 2 Not Recent 3 None



Yes No No


Yes No No




Yes No No

Remarks Good vegetation cover in the area, no effect of earthquake

Photos

Fig: Map of DMG, 1998 classified this area as landslide prone zone but no effect of Gorkha Earthquake was reported.

34



S13 Swoyambhu Date of Inspection 03 October 2015


Community Name Swoyambhu

Address Swoyambhu

Source By doing field visit and discussing with the locals

Triggering Cause Earthquake Slope Conditions Items Choices Result Slope Height (H) 1 50m <= H

2 30m <= H < 50m 3 10m<=H<30m 4 H < 10m



Top Soil Conditions Choices Result




4 Soil with gravels


6 Soil/Sand/Talus

7 Clay


S13 Continued

35




1 More than 0.5m


1 Water Seepage 2 No Water

Seepage Disaster record Choices

1 Recent Creeping due to Earthquake 2 Not Recent

3 None Conservation area conditions


Yes No Yes


Yes No No




Yes No Yes

Remarks Slight creeping was observed but not any remarkable slope failure, small house on the slope was damaged after earthquake. Cracks on the compound walls were observed.

Photos

Fig: The creepings along steps and walls are visible. The creeping took place as an effect of earthquake.

36

i

Table of Contents List of Table .............................................................................................................................. iii List of Figure .............................................................................................................................. iv

List of Photo .............................................................................................................................. iv

Acronyms ................................................................................................................................ v

Project Brief ............................................................................................................. 1

Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 1

General outline of the pilot activities in the JICA project .............................................. 1

1.2.1. Pilot Areas:............................................................................................................... 1

1.2.2. Duration of the Pilot Activities: ............................................................................... 2

1.2.3. Implementing Agencies/Organization and Procedure: ............................................ 2

1.2.4. Series of CBDRRM Training/workshops ................................................................ 3

1.2.5. Objectives of the JICA project:................................................................................ 3

Outline of CBDRRM Training/ Workshops ............................................................ 4

CBDRRM training to municipality officer and stakeholder ........................................... 4

2.1.1. Objectives of the training: ........................................................................................ 4

2.1.2. Participants profile of the training: .......................................................................... 4

2.1.3. Agenda of the training: ............................................................................................ 5

2.1.4. Major Sessions and Discussion ................................................................................ 5

2-Day Workshop on Learning Risk and Disaster Risk Reduction and Management System ............................................................................................................................. 9

2.2.1. Objectives of the workshop ..................................................................................... 9

2.2.2. Participants Profile ................................................................................................... 9

2.2.3. Agenda for the First workshop .............................................................................. 10

2.2.4. Major session and group work/Discussion ............................................................ 10

2- Day workshop on Preparation of Community Based DRM plan, Formation of Evacuation Map and DRRM plan ................................................................................. 36

2.3.1. The main objectives of the workshop .................................................................... 36

2.3.2. Participants Profile ................................................................................................. 36

2.3.3. Agenda for the Second workshop .......................................................................... 37

2.3.4. Major Session and Group activity/Discussion ....................................................... 37

: Outline of 1-Day Workshop on Prioritization of Disaster Risk Management Plan .... 61

2.4.1. The main objectives of workshop .......................................................................... 61

2.4.2. Participants Profile ................................................................................................. 61

2.4.3. Agenda for the Third workshop: ............................................................................ 62

2.4.4. Major Session and Group activity/Discussion ....................................................... 62

ii

Implementation and Handover of Ward Level DRRM Plan and Emergency Stockpile Materials ............................................................................................... 64

Feedback and Suggestion from participants .......................................................... 68

Collective Feedbacks and recommendations collected from Municipal Level CBDRRM Training ....................................................................................................... 68

Collective Feedbacks and recommendations collected from Community Workshops 68

Feedbacks during final handover program conducted in 3 pilot wards ........................ 70

Key Achievements and Challenges ........................................................................ 72

Recommendations .................................................................................................. 73

Recommendations to the municipalities to follow-up the DRRM plans in each target ward which was identified in the community discussion .............................................. 73

ENPHO team's opinion for sustainable and continuous CBDRRM activities which was considered through the implementation ........................................................................ 73

Appendix ................................................................................................................ 75

Annex I: Schedule for 3-Day CBDRRM Training to Municipal officials and relevant stakeholders ................................................................................................................... 75

Annex II: Schedule of the first workshop on 2-Day workshop on Learning Risk and DRRM ........................................................................................................................... 76

Annex III: Schedule of second workshop on 2-Day Workshop on Preparation of Community-Based DRM Map, Formation of Evacuation Map and Plan ..................... 78

Annex IV: Schedule of the third workshop on 1 - Day workshop on Prioritization of Disaster Risk Management Plan .................................................................................... 80

Annex V: Participants Name list of Workshop............................................................ 81

ANNEX VI: DRR CARTE of Pilot Wards................................................................... 89

Annex VII: DRR Map of Pilot Wards .......................................................................... 92

Annex VIII: Certificate of workshop ............................................................................ 95

Annex IX: Some Glimpse of the Workshops ............................................................... 99

iii

List of Table

Table 1: Pilot Project Wards ...................................................................................................... 1

Table 2: List of training and workshop ...................................................................................... 3

Table 3: Participant Profile of the municipal training. .............................................................. 4

Table 4: Hazard Analysis of all three pilot municipalities ........................................................ 7

Table 5: List of sample action plan for all three municipalities ................................................ 8

Table 6: Date and Venue of the workshop................................................................................. 9

Table 7: Participant Profile of the workshop ............................................................................. 9

Table 8: Identified major hazard of pilot municipalities ......................................................... 11

Table 9: Hazard ranking of LMC, Ward 8 .............................................................................. 12

Table 10: Hazard ranking of Budhanilkantha Municipality, Ward 2 ...................................... 12

Table 11: Hazard ranking of Bhaktapur Municipality, Ward 3 ............................................... 12

Table 12: Hazard Analysis of Budhanilkantha Municipality, Ward 2 ..................................... 13

Table 13: Hazard Analysis of LMC, Ward 8 ........................................................................... 13

Table 14: Hazard Analysis of Bhaktapur Municipality, Ward 2 ............................................. 14

Table 15: Historical Timeline of Budhanilkantha Municipality, Ward 2 ................................ 15

Table 16: Historical Timeline of Lalitpur Metropolitan City, Ward 8 .................................... 16

Table 17: Historical Timeline of Bhaktapur Municipality, Ward 3 ......................................... 16

Table 18: Problem tree analysis in Tabular Form .................................................................... 17



Table 21: Vulnerability analysis of Budhanilkantha Municipality Ward 2 ............................. 25

Table 22: Vulnerability analysis of LMC Ward 8 ................................................................... 25

Table 23: Vulnerability analysis of Bhaktapur Municipality Ward 2...................................... 26

Table 24: List of capacities of Budhanilkantha Municipality Ward 2 ..................................... 26

Table 25: List of capacities of LMC Ward 8 ........................................................................... 28

Table 26: List of capacities of Bhaktapur Municipality Ward 3 ............................................. 30

Table 27: Risk Assessment of Bukdhanilkantha Municipality Ward 2 ................................... 33

Table 28: Risk Assessment of LMC Ward 8 ........................................................................... 34

Table 29: Risk Assessment of Bhaktapur Municipality Ward 3.............................................. 35

Table 30: Date and Venue of the workshop ............................................................................. 36

Table 31: Participant Profile of the workshop ......................................................................... 36

Table 32: Places visited during town watching ....................................................................... 38

Table 33: DRM plan regarding Earthquake in Budhanilkantha municipality, Ward 2 ........... 41

Table 34: DRM plan regarding Flood in Budhanilkantha municipality, Ward 2 .................... 44

Table 35: DRM plan regarding Landslide in Budhanilkantha municipality, Ward 2 .............. 44

Table 36: DRM plan regarding Forest Fire in Budhanilkantha municipality, Ward 2 ............ 46

Table 37: DRM plan regarding Epidemics in Budhanilkantha municipality, Ward 2 ............. 47

Table 38: DRM plan regarding Road Accident in Budhanilkantha municipality, Ward 2 ...... 48

Table 39: DRM plan regarding Earthquake in LMC, Ward 8 ................................................ 49

Table 40: DRM Plan regarding Fire in LMC, Ward 8 ............................................................. 52

Table 41: DRM plan regarding Epidemics in LMC, Ward 8 .................................................. 53

Table 42: DRM Plan regarding Road Accident in LMC, Ward 8 ........................................... 54

iv

Table 43: DRM plan regarding Earthquake in Bhaktapur Municipality, Ward 3 .................. 55

Table 44: DRM Plan regarding Flood in Bhaktapur Municipality, Ward 3 ............................ 58

Table 45: DRM Plan regarding Fire in Bhaktapur Municipality, Ward 3 ............................... 60

Table 46: Date and venue of the workshop ............................................................................. 61

Table 47: Participant Profile of the workshop ......................................................................... 61

Table 48: Prioritized DRM plan of the pilot wards ................................................................. 62

Table 49: List of Emergency stockpile materials at Budhanilkantha Municipality, Ward 2 ... 64

Table 50: List of Emergency stockpile materials at Lalitpur Metropolitan City, Ward 8 ....... 65

Table 51: List of Emergency stockpile materials at Bhaktapur Municipality, Ward 3 ........... 65

Table 52: Date, Venue and other details of the handover program ......................................... 67

List of Figure

Figure 1: Implementation framework of project activities ........................................................ 2

Figure 2: Hazard Calendar of Budhanilkantha Municipality, Ward 2 ..................................... 14

Figure 3: Hazard Calendar of LMC, Ward 8 ........................................................................... 14

Figure 4: Hazard Calendar of Bhaktapur Municipality, ward 3 .............................................. 15

Figure 5: Problem tree analysis of Bukdhanilkantha Municipality, Ward 2 ........................... 17

Figure 6: Problem tree analysis of LMC ward 8...................................................................... 18

Figure 7: Problem tree analysis of Bhaktapur Municipality Ward 3 ....................................... 19

Figure 8: Problem tree analysis of Bhaktapur Municipality ward 3 ........................................ 19

Figure 9: Problem tree analysis of Bhaktapur Municipality Ward 3 ....................................... 20

Figure 10: Community Based DRM Map of Budhanilkantha Municipality Ward 2 .............. 21

Figure 11: Community Based DRM Map of LMC Ward 8 ..................................................... 21

Figure 12: Community Based DRM Map of Bhaktapur Municipality Ward 3 ....................... 22

Figure 13: Stakeholder analysis of LMC Ward 8 .................................................................... 22

Figure 14: Stakeholder analysis of Bhaktapur Municipality Ward 2 ...................................... 23

Figure 15: Mobility Mapping of Budhanilkantha Municipality Ward 2 ................................. 23

Figure 16: Mobility Mapping of Bhaktapur Municipality Ward 3 .......................................... 24

Figure 17: Mobility Mapping of LMC ward 8......................................................................... 24

List of Photo

Photo 1: Lecture by Mr. Amar Dip Sunuwar, Disaster Management Section Officer, MoFALD on Flagship 4 ............................................................................................................. 6

Photo 2: (From Left) Hazard Mapping of Lalitpur Metropolitan City-8, Bhaktapur Municipality-13 and Budhanilkantha Municipality-2 respectively ........................................... 7

Photo 3: 9 MCs of disaster resilient community ...................................................................... 10

Photo 4: Disaster Management Cycle ...................................................................................... 10

Photo 5: Capacity and Vulnerability map of Budhanilkantha Municipality, Ward 2 .............. 39

Photo 6: Vulnerability and Capacity map of LMC, ward 8 in left and Budhdanilkantha municipality, Ward 2 in right ................................................................................................... 39

v

Acronyms

APOs : Assistant Project Officer BBB : Building Back Better CBDRRM : Community Based Disaster Risk Reduction and Management CDMC : Community Disaster Management Committee DPHO : District Public Health Office DRM : Disaster Risk Management DRR : Disaster Risk Reduction DRRM : Disaster Risk Reduction and Management ENPHO : Environment and Public Health Organization ERAKV : The Project for Earthquake Risk Assessment in Kathmandu Valley FA : First Aid FCHVs : Female Community Health Volunteers Gos : Government Organizations HFA : Hyogo Framework for Action HHs : Households HR : Human Resources HVCA : Hazard, Vulnerability, and Capacity Assessment I/NGOs : International/National Non-Government Organization IEC : Information. Education and Communication JICA : Japan International Cooperation Agency KMC : Kathmandu Metropolitan City LDMC : Local Disaster Management Committee LMC : Lalitpur Metropolitan City MCPM : Minimum Condition and Performance Measure MCs : Minimum Characteristics MoFALD : Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Local Development MoHA : Ministry of Home Affairs MoUD : Ministry of Urban Development NRCS : Nepal Red Cross Society NRCS : Nepal Red Cross Society NSET : National Society for Earthquake Technology ORS : Oral Rehydration Solution PC : Project Coordinator SAARC : South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation SMC : School Management Committee THP : Tole Health Promoter UN : United Nations VCA : Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment WASH : Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene WCF : Ward Citizen Forum WWF : World Wildlife Fund

1

Project Brief Introduction

In response to the request of the Government of Nepal, the Government of Japan decided to conduct the Project for Assessment of Earthquake Disaster Risk for the Kathmandu Valley (ERAKV) in Nepal (hereinafter referred to as "the ERAKV Project"). The Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) has undertaken the ERAKV Project in close cooperation with the authorities concerned of the Government of Nepal.

The ERAKV Project was initiated in April 2015 in close coordination with Ministry of Urban Development (MoUD), Ministry of Home Affairs (MoHA) and Ministry of Federal Affairs and Local Development (MoFALD). The overall aim of the ERAKV Project is to reduce earthquake disaster risk through effective and sustainable measures to be taken based on the disaster risk assessment. And the project goal of the ERAKV Project is to implement the earthquake risk assessment for future scenario earthquakes with considering the earthquake environment after the Gorkha Earthquake and to develop the disaster risk reduction and management (DRRM) plan for concrete and effective promotion of disaster risk management for future earthquakes. Environment and Public Health Organization (ENPHO) in support of the JICA Project Team had conducted the Community-based Disaster Risk Reduction and Management (CBDRRM) activities under the ERAKV Project from January to December 2017 at 3 different pilot wards of 3 municipalities in Kathmandu Valley. The overall aim of the ERAKV Project was to reduce earthquake disaster risk through effective and sustainable measures to be taken based on the disaster risk assessment. The project goal of the ERAKV Project was to implement the earthquake risk assessment for future scenario earthquakes with considering the earthquake environment after the Gorkha Earthquake and to develop the disaster risk reduction and management (DRRM) plan for concrete and effective promotion on disaster risk management for future earthquakes.

General outline of the pilot activities in the JICA project

The brief outline of the JICA project activities is as below.

1.2.1. Pilot Areas:

The Pilot Municipalities/Wards of Kathmandu valley for CBDRRM activities conduction are as follow:

Table 1: Pilot Project Wards S.N District Municipality Pilot Ward/Location 1. Kathmandu Budhanilkantha Municipaplity Ward-2, Chapali, Bhadrakali 2 Lalitpur Lalitpur Municipality Ward-8, Gokul Chaur 3 Bhaktapur Bhaktapur Municipality Ward-3, Bansagopal

2

1.2.2. Duration of the Pilot Activities:

The CBDRRM activities of the JICA project “The Assessment of the Earthquake Disaster Risk for Kathmandu Valley” (ERAKV) was implemented for a year from January 2017 to December 2017 at Pilot wards of Budhanilkantha Municipality, Ward No 2, Lalitpur Metropolitan City Ward-8 and Bhaktapur Municipality ward-3.

1.2.3. Implementing Agencies/Organization and Procedure:

The pilot CBDRRM activities were conducted with close coordination and collaboration with different government authorities, local agencies, organization and community in the contribution of different resources persons from the expertise. The overall process for project implementation is shown in below figure:

Since, DRR awareness activities are important in community level to reduce the high impact of disasters, JICA in close coordination with Ministry of Home Affairs (MoHA) and Ministry of Federal Affairs and Local Development (MoFALD) and in support of Environment and Public Health Organization (ENPHO) initiated the CBDRRM activities under the ERAKV project in three pilot Municipality of Kathmandu Valley. The project had supported the budget, lectures facilitation and technical whereas MoFALD and MoHA supported in the provision of guideline and lectures deliver. ENPHO, as a supporting organization had conducted CBDRRM activities in all three pilot wards in coordination and collaboration with each Municipality, Ward office and Community Disaster Management Committee.

Municipalities

MoFALD/ MoHA JICA

Expert Team

Supported by: Technical support,

support budget, provision, lectures

Supported by: Provision of Guideline and Lectures

ENPHO Team

CBDRRM Activities

Ward Office/ CDMC Members

Community People

Coordination, Lectures

3-day CBDRRM training for Municipality officers and relevant stakeholders

First workshop

Second workshop

2-day workshop on Learning Risk and Disaster Risk Reduction and Management System

Third workshop

2-day workshop on preparation of community based DRRM map, formation of evacuation map and Plan

Fourth workshop

1-day workshop on prioritization of Disaster Risk Management Plan

Figure 1: Implementation framework of project activities

3

1.2.4. Series of CBDRRM Training/workshops

The details and the flow of the series of CBDRRM Training/Workshops were as tabulated below:

Table 2: List of training and workshop CBDRRM Training/Workshop

in pilot ward Major Contents of the Workshop

CBDRRM Training to Municipality Officer and stakeholders

Concept of Community Based Disaster Risk Reduction and Management

9 MCs of CBDRRM Activities and Other Initiatives for Promoting Integrated CBDRRM in the NRRC Flagship 4

HVCA tools Establishment of Establishment of CDMC and Disaster Response

Team DRM Policy and LDRMP Guideline Community - based DRR Mapping and evacuation plan Mainstreaming DRR in Local Level Development Planning

First Community Workshop

2-Day Workshop on Learning Risk and Disaster Risk Reduction and Management System

Aware of Disaster terminologies and its cause and effect Earthquake, Hazard and Risk in Nepal Hazard Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (HVCA) LDRMP guideline, CBDRRM process and 9 MCs

Follow-up Activities and Meetings

Revising and updating HVCA data Finalizing community-based Hazard and Capacity mapping of the

ward Identifying open space of the ward

Second Community Workshop

2-Day Workshop on Preparation of Community Based DRM Map, Formation of Evacuation Map and DRRM Plan

Investment based on disaster risk assessment and past disaster experience

Formulation of Community Based Disaster Risk Management Map through Town Watching

Preparation of Disaster Risk Reduction Management (DRRM) Plan based on LDRMP guidelines


Finalizing Community Based DRM Map Compiling DRRM plan

Third Community Workshop

1-Day Workshop on Prioritization of Disaster Risk Management Plan

CBDRRM activities conducted and future expectation for sustainability of CBDRRM activities in community

Revising and updating DRRM plan/DRR Carte Prioritizing DRRM plan for implementation


Finalizing DRRM plan and DRR Carte Consulting for implementation of prioritized DRRM plan Implementing one of the DRRM activities based on prioritized

DRRM plan Implementation and Handover Program

Handover of implemented prioritized DRRM activities to the community

1.2.5. Objectives of the JICA project:

The general objective of the JICA project was; to formulate Build Back Better (BBB) Recovery and Reconstruction plans utilizing the results of the hazard analysis and local Disaster Management Plan based on result of the seismic risk assessment for the pilot Municipality, i.e. Bhaktapur Municipality, Lalitpur Metropolitan City and Budhanilkantha Municipality and implementation one of the DRM plan based on recently finalized DRM plan by three Municipality.

4

Outline of CBDRRM Training/ Workshops CBDRRM training to municipality officer and stakeholder

A 3-day CBDRRM training to Municipality officers and relevant stakeholders of pilot municipalities was a first event under the ERAKV project conducted at Bhangeri Durbar Resort, Nagarkot on 20-22 February 2017 aiming to enhance ownership of municipality officers/stakeholders on promoting CBDRRM activities and creating sustainable CBDRRM activities in pilot municipalities.

2.1.1. Objectives of the training:

The objectives of the CBDRRM training to municipality officers and stakeholder were as follow:

To enhance ownerships of Municipality officers on promoting CBDRRM activities in each municipality and ensure that the CBDRRM activities are widely conducted after the Project period

To create a basis for sustainable CBDRRM activities in each municipality with a sound understanding of the importance and needs of the activities of the municipality officers even they will not directly conduct the detailed CBDRRM activities in the field and outsource the work to NGOs or others.

2.1.2. Participants profile of the training:

The major participants in the training were municipality officers from different departments & units and the relevant stakeholders from the 3 pilot municipalities. Chief Executive Officers (CEO) along with officers of Municipal Public Health Department, City Police and Juddha Fire Brigade, pilot ward offices, Engineering Municipal Solid Waste Management Department, Environment unit, Earthquake and Disaster Management Unit, Planning and Building Construction Unit, Administration unit and Municipality Library were benefitted by the 3-day CBDRRM training. Members of Community Disaster Management Committee (CDMC), Local Disaster Management Committee (LDMC) and representatives of the community participated as the stakeholders. Altogether, 12 participants were from Lalitpur Metropolitan City, 10 were from Budhanilkantha Municipality and 9 represented from Bhaktapur Municipality.

Table 3: Participant Profile of the municipal training.

Municipality Total Male Female B/C Janajati Government Community

Lalitpur Metropolitan City 12 11 1 6 6 11 1

Bhaktapur Municipality 9 6 3 1 8 8 1

Buddhnilkantha Municipality 10 8 2 8 2 7 3

Total 31 25 6 15 16 26 5

5

2.1.3. Agenda of the training:

The CBDRRM training was facilitated by different resource person from different agencies such as MoFALD, NSET, NRCS, Pulchowk Engineering College and Engineers of Pilot Municipalities along with JICA project team through participatory method.

The main agenda of the training were as follow:

Basic disaster terminologies and its definition Share the result of latest Earthquake, Hazard and Risks assessment done by JICA in

three Pilot municipalities. Introduction to CBDRRM activities (concept, needs, good practices in the past

disasters, etc.) and share the learning from CBDRRM practices in Japan and other countries.

9 Minimum characteristics (MCs) of CBDRRM activities and other initiatives for promoting integrated CBDRRM in the NRRC Flagship 4.

Basics and tools of community-based Hazard, Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (HVCA)

Trial group discussion using the tools of HVCA. Share the learning of the training in Japan. Introduction to DRM policy and LDRMP Guideline. Establishment of community-based DM committee and Disaster Response Team

(with information on some good practice in the past disasters) Access to Disaster Management Information in the Community Community - based DRR Mapping (Process and examples) and Evacuation Plan Trial Group Work for Community - based DRR Mapping and Consideration for

Improving Current Condition of DRR in the Community Municipality DRRM plan, community DRRM plan and Mainstreaming DRR in Local

Level Development Planning Awareness Program for Disaster Preparedness (Safe House Construction, Family

Disaster Preparedness, etc.) Planning of Pilot Activities in each Pilot Municipality (Group Work)

2.1.4. Major Sessions and Discussion

2.1.4.1. Concept of Community Based Disaster Risk Reduction and Management The session was interactive with brainstorming questions and taking opinions from the participants on what is CBDRRM, why is it important and who is responsible to make it effective. The session reviewed the DRR terms like vulnerability, hazard, risk, capacity and disaster along with experiences sharing on CBDRRM activities from Kobe, Japan and Indonesia. The session basically covered;

Concept of CBDRRM Procedure and steps of CBDRRM Important factors related to CBDRRM Importance, roles and responsibilities of community in CBDRRM process

6

2.1.4.2. 9 Minimum Characteristics (MCs) of CBDRRM Activities and other initiatives for promoting integrated CBDRRM in the NRRC Flagship 4 Disaster Management Section Officer, MoFALD, sensitized on different disaster risks in Nepal, along with hazards in different parts of the country as well as Nepal’s disaster risk ranking. The session covered following topics;

Activities to be conducted for disaster risk reduction in community level to national level which described as

Need of resilient community Local plan formulation

focused on hazard Role of Nepal government as a leader and necessity for prioritization of risk

at local level Mainstreaming of disaster plans into the local development plan.

Activities to be conducted as CBDRRM Community participation in disaster preparedness Awareness activities in community Capacity building activities to community and stakeholders. Implementation of Urban Disaster Risk Management Strategic plan. Fire risk reduction in the community.

Nepal Risk Reduction Consortium (NRRC) and its five flagships Model Agreement on Emergency Customs Declaration 2006/2007

HFA Achievement Summary and HFA 2 Priorities from Nepal SAARC Agreement on Rapid Response to Natural Disasters DRM Related Issues in Koshi Treaty between Nepal and India DRM Related Issues in Gandaki Treaty between Nepal and India Activities that have been conducted for CBDRM. 9 minimum characteristics of a resilient community.

After the explanation on 9 MCs and other initiative done to integrated CBDRRM in the NRRC Flagship 4, discussion and interaction were done on initiation of few municipalities for CBDRRM activities.

2.1.4.3. DRM Policy and LDRMP Guideline The session generally explained disaster risk management policies and LDRMP guideline 2011 along with a discussion on co-ordination mechanism of disaster response and disaster relief in Nepal. The session basically focuses on following points:

Government guideline for the development of Local Disaster Risk Management Plan and its process

Photo 1: Lecture by Mr. Amar Dip Sunuwar, Disaster Management Section Officer, MoFALD on Flagship 4

7

Use and nature of LDRMP and its guideline Objectives and limitations of LDRMP guideline Roles and responsibilities of municipality, ministry, district in LDRMP formation

and its implementation Indicators of emergency service and disaster risk management in Minimum Codes

and Performance Measure (MCPM) of municipalities. Activities to be conducted by municipalities urgently for disaster risk management.

2.1.4.4. Group Work for Community-based DRR Mapping and Evacuation plan After a brief discussion and explanation were done on DRR mapping and evacuation plan with examples. Participants were divided into 3 groups according to 3 different municipalities. The groups were asked to list a most probable hazard in the respective municipality. Fire hazard near jungle area was selected as a hazard by Budhanilkantha municipality while the earthquake was selected by the groups of LMC and Bhaktapur Municipality. The below table shows the risk reduction and capacity assessment whereas pictures show hazard mapping and evacuation map done by the pilot municipalities.

Pilot ward Hazard Risk reduction activities to be done Necessary Capacities Capacities and resources

community have Resources to be collected

from external

Lalitpur Metropolitan City, Ward 8

Earthquake

Develop taskforce in community for immediate response

Conduct necessary training on disaster response and others

Human resources Technical and financial assistance

Awareness activities on safe building and earthquake preparedness

Ability to train CDMC and volunteers, resources

Human resources, community volunteers,

Few trained volunteers

Technical and financial assistance

Proper Implementation of building code and building bylaws

Regular consultation and monitoring from municipality

Pilot ward is near from municipality and other governmental office, community has accessibility to information

Technical supervision, information dissemination

Bhaktapur Municipality, Ward 3

Earthquake

Reconstruction of risky houses damaged by Earthquake 2072

Co-ordination and support from different stakeholders

Human resources and different stakeholders

Technical advice and financial assistance, co-ordination from governmental agencies.

Stock pile of materials Materials, area Stock pile Area Technical and financial assistance

Listing possible open spaces and develop evacuation plans

Technical human resources and survey data

Human resources and few secondary data

Technical and financial assistance

Budhanilkantha Municipality, Ward 2

Wildfire

Prepare response plan and response team for fire control

Dedicated team and technically capable team with ready equipment

Human resources

Fire Fighting team preparation Firefighting Training Water sources and human resources Technical and financial

assistance and co-ordination

Photo 2: (From Left) Hazard Mapping of Lalitpur Metropolitan City-8, Bhaktapur Municipality-13 and Budhanilkantha Municipality-2 respectively

Table 4: Hazard Analysis of all three pilot municipalities

8

2.1.4.5. Planning of Pilot Activities in each pilot municipality The participants were asked to make action plans as an example of pilot ward prioritizing a hazard of the area. The result of the group exercise was as shown in the below table.

Table 5: List of sample action plan for all three municipalities

Municipality Priority Challenge Way forward Activity

Budhanilkantha Municipality

Wildfire

Lack of local management committee.

Lack of tools, equipment, and resources.

No Disaster reduction Action Plan.

Limited open spaces. Not identified vulnerability, risks

and capacity

Fire fight and other related trainings to be conducted to capacitate community

Emergency fund generation

Earthquake

Lack of awareness for earthquake preparedness and safe evacuation.

Existing structures are mostly vulnerable

Narrow lanes and streets. Lack of knowledge and capacity

building trainings on masons and skilled human resources for EQ resistant building.

Organize mason trainings to build earthquake resistant building.

Include earthquake preparedness lessons in syllabus

Retrofit existing vulnerable buildings and apply strict laws by municipality for new building houses

Construct wide roads which will be accessible to fire brigade and ambulance

Bhaktapur municipality Earthquake

Narrow road Old house structure and Heritage

sites. Lack of awareness for

preparedness. Increasing population. Difficult to find open space in

core area. Some people are not following

building code in new buildings also.

No any policies are implemented by municipalities for disaster risk reduction

Conducting of software activities to increase awareness at the local level.

Strict in implementation of building construction bylaws.

Prohibition in unmanaged parking.

Identify of open spaces Capacity building of

community to cope with disaster.

Revolving fund must be established.

2.1.4.6. Follow up activities After the CBDRRM training to Municipality officers and stakeholder’s series of follow up meeting and discussion were done with MoFALD, pilot Municipalities, ward office, CDMC along with JICA team to finalize the date, venue, participants, resource persons and training contents for conducting community-level CBDRRM workshop at pilot Municipalities.

9

2-Day Workshop on Learning Risk and Disaster Risk Reduction and Management System 2-day workshop on learning risk and DRRM system was a first community-level workshop under the ERAKV project which was conducted in different dates and venues as mention in below table at pilot municipalities of Budhanilkantha Municipality-2, Lalitpur Metropolitan City-8 and Bhaktapur Municipality-3. The workshop aims to aware community people on hazard, risk, vulnerabilities and capacities of the community using HVCA tools base on LDRMP guideline 2011.

Table 6: Date and Venue of the workshop

Pilot Municipalities Date Venue

Budhanilkantha Municipality 9th-10th April, 2017 Bhangal Community Building, Bhangal Lalitpur Metropolitan City 6th-7th April 2017 Community building, Guitole Bhaktapur Municipality 21st-22nd July 2017 Hotel Sweet Home, Bhaktapur

2.2.1. Objectives of the workshop

The overall objective of the workshops is to update knowledge on DRR and to conduct Hazard Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment of each ward. However, the major specific objectives of the workshops were as follows:

To update the knowledge on earthquake hazard and its risk in the Kathmandu Valley. To share the knowledge of disaster risk management and it’s mainstreaming into

development plans. To review/conduct vulnerability and capacity assessment of the pilot ward.

2.2.2. Participants Profile

Around 30-35 community members participated in each workshop at pilot municipalities with the representative from multiple stakeholders, like members of Community Disaster Management Committee (CDMC), ward office, Ward Citizen Forum (WFC), female health community volunteers (FCHVs), schools/colleges, Cooperatives and different community groups and local clubs.

Table 7: Participant Profile of the workshop

Pilot Municipalities

Community members Ethnicity Government official Total Male Female Janajati Bhramin/

Chettri Budhanilkantha Municipality 27 7 20 10 17 -

Lalitpur Metropolitan City 35 17 18 33 - 3

Bhaktapur Municipality 37 21 16 37 - 8

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2.2.3. Agenda for the First workshop

2-day workshop on Learning Risk and Disaster Risk Reduction and Management System was conducted at 3 pilot municipalities with following common major agenda:

Disaster terminologies and its definition, causes and effects of disaster, and Disaster Management cycle

Earthquake Hazard and Risks in Nepal Tourism, Heritage and Disaster LDRMP Guideline, CBDRRM process and 9 Minimum Characteristics for resilient

community in Nepal DRR mainstreaming, Role of CDMC, municipality, and local government in

formulation and implementation of DRM plan Review of Hazard, Vulnerability, and Capacity Assessment.

2.2.4. Major session and group work/Discussion

The major common sessions are brief as follow:

2.2.4.1. Disaster Terminology, Definition, and Causes and Effect of Disaster Few disaster terminologies like disaster, hazard, risk, capacity, vulnerability, response, recovery, rehabilitation, relief, mitigation, preparedness, disaster management, development and many more, its definition and disaster management cycle were cleared through a game and group work method along with slide presentation relating to the recent experience of Gorkha earthquake. The session more stress on the community should focus preventive activities, preparedness activities and early warning activities. In general, the community needs to focus on Before Disaster portion if the community really wants to manage the disaster.

2.2.4.2. LDRMP guideline, CBDRRM process and 9 MCs The session was facilitated by Mr. Amar Dip Sunuwar, Section Officer, MoFALD, focusing on main hazards that are occurred in Nepal and the reality of disaster risk ranking in the world. Moreover, the session emphasized the LDRMP guideline which is prepared to institutionalize disaster risk management work and mainstream it in the periodic and annual program at the local level in order to build disaster resilient society and bring sustainable development. Further, the importance of 9 minimum characteristics (MCs) was stressed for creating disaster resilient communities. The minimum characteristics were developed in consultation with the Government of Nepal, INGOs, NGOs, UN, donors and Red Cross/Red Crescent movement.

Photo 4: Disaster Management Cycle Photo 3: 9 MCs of disaster resilient community

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2.2.4.3. Earthquake, Hazard and Risks in Nepal This session shared the preliminary result of Seismic Risk Assessment which was conducted under ERAKV project among the workshop participants in all pilot municipalities. The result shows an estimated human casualties and building damages in Budhanilkantha Municipality, Lalitpur Metropolitan City and Bhaktapur Municipality based on the prediction of earthquake occurrence similar to Gorkha Earthquake in future days. The workshop participants were sensitized on the need of community preparedness activities to reduce the vulnerability and to create a resilient community.

2.2.4.4. Group work and Discussion on HVCA tools Before the group work, process and importance on HVCA along with explaining its implication for the resilient community were explained. The HVCA tools were used based on LDRMP guideline. Although the guideline consists of 12 HVCA tools, the major discussion was done in following tools:

Hazard Ranking Vulnerability and Capacity identify mapping Hazard Analysis Problem Tree Hazard Calendar Mobility Mapping Historical Timeline

After the explanation of each tool, participants were divided into three to four groups with team leader. Each group was given different tools for discussion on HVCA. The major hazards were identified through open discussion on the basis of damage to life and property from disastrous events in the community of pilot Municipalities which are as tabulated below:

Table 8: Identified major hazard of pilot municipalities Pilot Municipalities Identified major hazards

Budhanilkantha Municipality Fire, Landslide, Flood, Earthquake, Animal attack, Windstorm, Epidemics

Lalitpur Municipality Fire, Earthquake, Epidemics, Monkey Terror, Probability of uncovered high tension wire break

Bhaktapur Municipality Earthquake, Fire, Flood, Epidemic, Animal attack, Windstorm, Road accident

After that, a short presentation was done on the finding and result of group work and discussion on HVCA tools in each pilot municipalities, which are as follow: Hazard Ranking Hazard ranking tool was very effective to prioritize the hazard, which caused more destruction in the community. The hazards were ranked based on the extent of damage and loss of lives and property. The finding of hazard ranking in each pilot municipality are as shown in the below table on the next page:

12

According to the hazard-ranking tool, it is concluded that risk of the earthquake to damage to life and property is ranked as the first position and fire as the second position in comparison to other hazards in all three pilot municipalities. Similarly, flood, windstorm and road accident are ranked as the third position in Budhanilkantha Municipality, ward 2, Lalitpur Metropolitan City, ward 8 and Bhaktapur Municipality, ward 3 respectively. Likewise, other hazard landslides, animal attack, epidemic, road accident, and high-tension wire break are spot as least disastrous event in all three pilot municipalities.

HAZARD Earthquake Fire Flood Landslide Animal Attack Epidemic Windstorm Road Accident

Earthquake Earthquake Earthquake Earthquake Earthquake Earthquake Earthquake Earthquake

Fire Fire Fire Fire Fire Fire Fire

Flood Flood Flood Flood Flood Flood

Landslide Animal attack Landslide Windstorm Landslide

Animal Attack Animal attack Windstorm Animal attack

Epidemic Windstorm Road accident

Windstorm Windstorm

Road accident

Total Points 7 6 5 2 3 0 4 1

Rank Obtained 1st 2nd 3rd 6th 5th 8th 4th 7th

HAZARDS Fire Windstorm Epidemic Earthquake Monkey Terror Flood High tension wire break

Fire Fire Fire Earthquake Fire Fire Fire Windstorm Windstorm Earthquake Windstorm Windstorm Windstorm Epidemic Earthquake Epidemic Epidemic Epidemic

Earthquake Earthquake Earthquake Earthquake

Monkey Terror Monkey Terror High tension wire

break

Flood High tension wire

break High tension wire break

Total Points 4 3 2 5 1 0 2

Rank Obtained 2nd 3rd 4th 1st 6th 7th 5th

Table 9: Hazard ranking of LMC, Ward 8

HAZARD Earthquake Fire Flood Epidemic Windstorm Animal attack Road accident

Earthquake Earthquake Earthquake Earthquake Earthquake Earthquake Earthquake

Fire Fire Fire Fire Fire Fire

Flood Flood Flood Flood Road accident

Epidemics Windstorm Epidemic Road accident

Windstorm Windstorm Road accident

Animal attack Road accident

Road accident

Total 6 5 3 1 2 0 4

Rank 1st 2nd 4th 6th 5th 7th 3rd

Table 10: Hazard ranking of Budhanilkantha Municipality, Ward 2

Table 11: Hazard ranking of Bhaktapur Municipality, Ward 3

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Hazard Analysis

Hazard analysis tool helps to identify the causes and impact of the disaster. Similarly, it helps in finding out the time interval of disaster, impact level, and capacities to cope with any disaster. The finding of hazard analysis tools of all three pilot municipalities are in below table:

Table 12: Hazard Analysis of Budhanilkantha Municipality, Ward 2

Table 13: Hazard Analysis of LMC, Ward 8

Hazard

Types Indicator of Danger

Impact level

Time interval Season Impact Impact

level Capacities that

helps to lower the disaster impact

Natural or man

made

Technical and tradition

Rapidly or slowly

Time duration

Time and year Component Sector

High,

Medium , Low

Earthquake

Natural Dog barking,

sound of birds Rapidly Any time Any season

death and injury of human, damage of cultural heritages, houses

human, economic, social, mental

High

Community Awareness, Rescue, Rehabilitation

Fire Manmade Gloomy climate

Slowly but rapidly destroy

Any time Mostly chaitra, Bhaishak

Animal, crops, building, human

Human, Economic , social and mental

High

Awareness, rescue materials, social involvement, fire extinguisher, communication

Flood Natural Heavy rainfall Rapidly

Any time

Rainy season

Human, animals

Human, economically, physically, mentally

Cash management, coordination and communication with municipality

Landslide Natural Heavy Rainfall Rapidly 2 -3 months

April- July

death and injury, economic loss - houses,

Economic, physical, livelihood

Medium Community buildings and community

Hazards

Type Danger Sign Impact level

Time Interval Season Impact Impact

Level Capcities that

helps to lower the disaster impact Natural or

manmade Technical and

tradition Rapidly

or slowly Time

duration Time and

year Component Sector High,

medium, low

Earthquake Natural

Ground movement

Crows cawing, Dog Barking

Rapid Unknown Might be any season

Human, Animals, Agriculture, Water Sources

Human, Economic, Mental, Physical, Agriculture

High Trained Human Resource

Fire Manmade Smoke and Smell

Rapid and Slow

Twice or more than twice in a year

Mostly Chaitra and Baisakh (March, April, May) but might occur in any season

Human, Animals, Strucuture,

Human, Economic and Physical

Medium Community people, Pond, Dugwell

Windstorm Natural High wind Rapid Once a year

Chaitra, Baisakh (March, April, May)

Human, Property, Agriculture, wirebreak, Fire

Human, Economic, Physical, Agriculture

Medium

Epidemic Manmade

Poor solid waste management, Rise in sick victims

Slow

Water borne diseases like cholera

Baisakh, Jestha, Ashar, Shrawan (April,

Human health Human, Economic, Social

High FCHVs, Health volunteers

14

Table 14: Hazard Analysis of Bhaktapur Municipality, Ward 2

Hazard Calendar

A hazard calendar is a timeline prepared for different hazards throughout the year. It usually helps to find out the probability of occurrence with of a particular disaster in a particular month/s of the year. The finding of hazard calendar of all three pilot municipalities are shown below:

Figure 3: Hazard Calendar of LMC, Ward 8

Hazard

Type Sign of Danger Impact Level

Time Interval Season

Impact Area

Impact Level

Natural or Manmade Technical or Traditional Rapidly or

Slowly Time

duration Time and Year High,

Medium, Low

Earthquake Natural Unusual sound of birds, dog barking and climate change, movement of ground

Rapidly Unknown Anytime/12 Months Economic, Social, Physical, culture, psychological, Human

High

Fire Manmade Fire smoke flame and smell Slowly or Rapidly Anytime

Might be in any season but mostly in Chaitra, Bhaishak and Jestha

Physical, Economic, Human Medium

Road Accident Manmade Unknown Rapidly or

slowly At any time Might be at any time but mostly at morning and evening time

Human, Physical, Human, Political Medium

Flood Natural Intensive rainfall and climate change Slowly Once or

twice a year

In rainy reason mostly in the month of Asar, Shrawan and Bhadra

Agricultural land and crops, Human, road Medium

Windstorm Natural Climate change Rapidly Once or twice a year

Mostly in the month of Chaitra

Physical, Economic, Human Medium

Epidemics Manmade Environment pollution and increase in sickness, unmanaged waste materials

Slowly At any time Mostly in the month of summer season Asar, Shrawan and Bhadra

Human health, and economic High

Animal attack Manmade Dog barking, dogs chase Slowly At any time Almost all season Human, Economic, Psychological Medium

Hazard

Month Baisakh (Apr-May)

Jestha (May-Jun)

Ashar (Jun-July)

Shrawan (July-Aug)

Bhadra (Aug-Sept)

Ashoj (Sep-Oct)

Kartik (Oct- Nov)

Mangshir (Nov- Dec)

Poush (Dec- Jan)

Magh (Jan- Feb)

Falgun (Feb-Mar)

Chaitra (Mar-Apr)

Earthquake

Fire

Monkey terror

Windstorm

Flood

Epidemic

Hazards

Month Baisakh (Apr-May)

Jestha (May-Jun)

Asar (Jun-Jul)

Shrawan (Jul-Aug)

Bhadra (Aug-Sep)

Aswin (Sep-Oct)

Kartik (Oct-Nov)

Mangsir (Nov-Dec)

Poush (Dec-Jan)

Magh (Jan-Feb)

Falgun (Feb-Mar)

Chaitra (Mar-Apr)

Earthquake Animals attack Road Accident Epidemic

Fire

Flood Landslide Windstorm

Figure 2: Hazard Calendar of Budhanilkantha Municipality, Ward 2

15

Figure 4: Hazard Calendar of Bhaktapur Municipality, ward 3

Historical Timeline

Historical timeline shows the hazard that occurred in past and its effect. Through this, information about the tendency of recurring hazards, the damage caused by them and their impact can be projected. The historical timeline of all three pilot municipalities are as follow:

Table 15: Historical Timeline of Budhanilkantha Municipality, Ward 2

Hazard

Month

Baishak

(Apr-May)

Jestha

(May-Jun)

Asar

(Jun-July)

Shrawan

(July-Aug)

Bhadra

(Aug-Sept)

Ashwin

(Sept-Oct)

Kartik

(Oct-Nov)

Mangsir

(Nov-Dec)

Poush

(Dec-Jan)

Magh

(Jan-Feb)

Falgun

(Feb-Mar)

Chaitra

(Mar-Apr)

Earthquake

Fire

Animal attack

Road accident

Flood

Epidemics

Windstorm

Indicator HIGH RISK MEDIUM RISK LOW RISK

Year (B.S) Disaster Damage Impact

1990 Earthquake Death and injury to human, wildlife Destruction of houses and other significant infrastructures

Human casualties and infrastructural damages People had to stay outside home for an extensive period of time Food shortage Daily activities were disturbed which affected the livelihood People experienced psychological disturbance

2045 Earthquake Partial destruction of houses Loss of properties 2062/63 Epidemics Almost 150 people were ill Increase in number of victims

2063 Flood Number of death – 2 Loss of trees and crops

Loss of fertile land Flooding of houses at the riverbank. Soil erosion

2070 Consumption of poisonous mushroom Death – 2; Sick – 3

2072 Earthquake

Completely damaged households – 371 Partially damaged - 707 Death - 4, Injured - 13 Loss of domestic animals

People were settled in camp for more than 1 month Psychological effect on people Affected livelihood and education Damaged few temples

2072 Windstorm Death – 1; Injured - 1 Affected roofs made up of CGI sheets Every year Wildfire Destruction of plants and faunas Loss of animals, trees and herbs

Different year Road accident Death in 2072 B.S - 2 people 10 death, 2 injured in past 2- 3 years

Damage to vehicles and human casualties

16

Table 16: Historical Timeline of Lalitpur Metropolitan City, Ward 8

Table 17: Historical Timeline of Bhaktapur Municipality, Ward 3

Problem Tree Analysis

The problem tree analysis tool is used for analysis of the origin of the disaster, its causes, and impacts in the community. Under this method, the tree trunk is considered to represent the problem, the roots the causes and the branches and leaves the impact, thereby helping to pin down the realities. This tool is used for disaster risk management by identifying the root cause.

Year B.S. (A.D) Disaster Place Damage Impact

1990 (1930/31) Earthquake Ward no. 8 Guthi House, Buildings, Temples destroyed

7 Dead, 8 injured, no first aid available

2038(1981/1982) Flood Outside of Ringroad at border side of ward Cultivated land and crops Agricultural depreciation, loss of

agriculture land

2045(1988/89) Earthquake Ward no. 8 No damage Psychological effect

2056 (1999/2000) Flood Ward no. 8 1 dead, 1 injured Walls nearby river collapsed

2072(2015/16) Earthquake Ward no. 8

445 HHs total damaged

133 partial damage

63 minor damage

28 injured

psychological effect

people stayed outside the house for few days

2073(2016/17) Cholera Ward no. 8 Bholdhoka 12 Households Human casualties, illness and hospitalized

Year (B.S) Disaster Loss/Damage Impact

1890 Earthquake 9 store temple totally damaged It became hard to indicate boundaries of 99 chowk

1990 Earthquake Human and property Seemed epidemics, displacement of community people

2012/2013 Epidemics(cholera) Death of 8-10 people appeared terror and people became panic, lack of medicine

2045 Earthquake Human and property Irregularity in relief distribution

2068 Earthquake Totally damaged 2 house appeared terror and people became panic, displacement of community people

2068 Road accident Death of 3 people Difficulties in transportation, highway blocked for 3 days

2069 Fire Moderately damaged of 1 house Mentally disturbed

2071 Fire Moderately damaged of 1 house Mentally disturbed

2072 Earthquake 90% HHs damaged, the death of 8 people, 15 number of cultural Heritage totally damaged

Unemployment increased in mental anxiety, decrease in tourism business

2072/2073 Flood Death of 1 person, loss of property Shrinkage in agricultural production, mentally disturbed, loss of fertile agricultural land

2073 Fire Damaged in kitchen of Taleju Temple(Suwal House) Degradation in historical property, problem faced in regular worship/prayer, poor economic condition

17

Table 18: Problem tree analysis in Tabular Form

Problem Main causes of problem Effect in community

Landslide

Deforestation Population growth Haphazard urbanization Haphazard use of excavator Weak soil composition

Dry water sources Undeveloped community Loss of property

Flood Deforestation and soil erosion Heavy rainfall and drought Effect on climate

Damage to physical infrastructures and loss of human life

Loss of crop Shortage of drinking water

Earthquake

Naturally Weak physical infrastructure Lack of disaster preparedness Weak government laws and lack of

effective implementation of laws Lack of awareness

Loss of human and damage to physical infrastructure

Psychological disturbances. Effect on lifestyle of human being Decrease in economy

Fire Lack of management plan to manage forest Lack of awareness

Dry water sources Destruction of physical property Destruction of wild animals and herbs Water and air pollution

Animal Attack Lack of Adequate shelter for animals. Shortage of food for animals. The human residential area near the forest. Fire at forest

Loss of human life Loss of crops and agricultural land Destruction of physical infrastructure

Narrow road Negligence in government laws that are indicative of space management

Risk in road accident Risk of human and physical property

Figure 5: Problem tree analysis of Bukdhanilkantha Municipality, Ward 2

18

Table 19: Problem tree analysis in Tabular Form Problem Causes of the problem Impact in the Community

Earthquake Geographical Locations Human casualties, building damages and difficulty in rescue and relief

Fire Unmanaged electric wires and poles Carelessness of flammable products in the

home

Damage to cultural and traditional monuments, homeless

Electric Shock Lack of awareness of electric safety. Unmanaged Electric Wires and Poles

Increase in Power cutoff, decrease in productivity, increase in crime and theft.

Epidemics Lack of sanitation Unmanaged wastes Lack of safe drinking water

Economic burden, isolation

Windstorm Change in climate Geographical Locations

Human casualties, homeless, property damages

Figure 6: Problem tree analysis of LMC ward 8

19

Figure 8: Problem tree analysis of Bhaktapur Municipality ward 3

Figure 7: Problem tree analysis of Bhaktapur Municipality Ward 3

20

Table 20: Problem tree analysis in Tabular Form Problem Main causes of a problem Effect in community

Shortage of safe drinking water

Insufficient distribution of drinking water Increased in HHs and Population Increased in migration

Availability of water but not purified sufficient water Careless and negligence of related stakeholders

Dry old water resources Unplanned and haphazardly construction of

residential building Careless and negligence of related stakeholders Population growth Lack of awareness

Increase in waterborne disease like diarrhoea, typhoid

Decrease in sanitation improvement Deprivation in importance of historical

taps Shortage of water during fire Loss of time Increase in migration

Unmanaged electric poles and wires

Increased in unmanaged settlement Proper plan for increased settlement Population growth Lack of awareness Illiterate

Proper coordination and communication between different service provider like Telecom, cable, electricity authority Lack of proper management in government level Lack of good leadership Corruption

High risks of Fire Electric power theft Culture and tradition Transportation Electric shock

Poverty

Unemployment Less use of skills Excessive import of foreign materials and less

export of domestic materials Lack of idea in modern agricultural production

Increase in social barbarism (Bikriti) Loss of ancient skills Loss of old culture and heritage Migration of skilled youth group to

foreign countries Mental problem Family misunderstanding

Figure 9: Problem tree analysis of Bhaktapur Municipality Ward 3

21

Community-based Vulnerability and Capacity Map

Figure 10: Community Based DRM Map of Budhanilkantha Municipality Ward 2

Figure 11: Community Based DRM Map of LMC Ward 8

22

Figure 13: Stakeholder analysis of LMC Ward 8

Stakeholder Analysis/Venn Diagram

Stakeholder’s analysis is done on the availability, access and linkages of services and facilities needed at the time of disaster from the government and security agencies, NRCS, local organizations and other humanitarian organizations, financial institutions, cooperatives, public health centres, and so on. A Venn diagram is drawn to analyze the access of community to social and public entities for disaster risk management.

Figure 12: Community Based DRM Map of Bhaktapur Municipality Ward 3

23

Figure 15: Mobility Mapping of Budhanilkantha Municipality Ward 2

Mobility Mapping

This tool used to analyze the access present situation of people in the community to outside organizations and political and administrative circles. The title also shows meaning; the state of movement in and out of the community people. It is used to check the human capacity at the local level. The people are a move in different places for these particular reasons: employment, entertainment, education, health, water, religion etc. These above elements are the factors for local people move to a different place. This is one of the most important documents for VCA.

Figure 14: Stakeholder analysis of Bhaktapur Municipality Ward 2

24

Figure 17: Mobility Mapping of LMC ward 8

Figure 16: Mobility Mapping of Bhaktapur Municipality Ward 3

25

Vulnerabilities of Ward

Along with capacities, there are such factors too in the ward that could increase loss and damages due to disaster or that can create an event of a disaster. In order to develop an effective DRM plan, there is a need to assess the possible vulnerabilities exciting in the society that can contribute to human casualties and infrastructural destruction. Possible vulnerabilities and risks of three communities are analyzed in tabular form below:

Table 21: Vulnerability analysis of Budhanilkantha Municipality Ward 2 Name of the cluster Major vulnerabilities and hazards Major reason for the problem

Badeli, Taulung, Wasiku, Mahadev Khola.

Kharel tole. Bhairav Marga tole. Lamichhane Tole. Badepakha

Old structured construction, people living in dense settlements can get affected by earthquake

Unmanaged and rapid urbanization The community is not prepared for

disaster response activities. The community is dependent on the

government for a response to a disaster.

Badeli Taulung Badepakha Rudreshwor tole

Houses built on slope agricultural land

Haphazard construction of landslide-prone areas.

Soil erosion Plotting of land

All population of Ward no 2

Increase in death toll due to delay in response to injured people during a disaster.

Skilled and trained human resources are not prepared. (E.g.: Search and rescue units, First aid, Firefighting etc)

Construction of government hospital is not planned and prioritized.

The community does not have DRM plan for health response during a disaster.

Lack of awareness and resources in the community.

All population of Ward 2, Budhanilkantha Municipality.

Fire brigade and ambulance service are not available nearby. So, during earthquake disaster, it may not be accessible.

The community does not have DRM plan for emergency services during a disaster.

Lack of awareness and resources in the community.

Table 22: Vulnerability analysis of LMC Ward 8

Tole (Cluster)

Major vulnerabilities and risks Reason for problem Available

Capacity Support Needed Effect

Guitole Pinchhen Subahal Sako Chapat Yalamul Saugal Kutisaugal Lolha Yangubahal

Narrow roads, houses which are passed through narrow lanes and under another house.

Coverless electrical wires and unmanaged poles.

Old structured houses with haphazard flower vases and water tanks.

Elderly people, people with disability, pregnant

Traditional settlements, less land making it difficult to respond during a disaster.

Fire and short circuit

Lack of awareness

Poor economic status

Elderly people, people with disability, pregnant cannot save themselves from disaster and are not prepared individually, community and household level

Accessibility of small vehicles.

Installing Wire with safe covers has been initiated.

Allowance provided to elderly people by Nepal Government

Keeping adequate space for the road during house construction.

Covering all risky wires

Placement of transformers in a safe area,

Increase in public awareness activities,

Activities focused on elderly and livelihood.

Difficulty in response activity.

Risk of fire and electric shock

Damage to property and human casualties including loss of lives.

Psychological disorder

Rise in unemployment rate.

Poor economic status.

26

Table 23: Vulnerability analysis of Bhaktapur Municipality Ward 2

S.N

Major vulnerabilities and risk Reason for problem Available capacity Support needed Effect

1

Community building and individual HHs damaged/cracked due to earthquake

people living in cracked or damaged houses

International/domestic tourist

Risky household Damaged and cracked

HHs Flowerpot and water

tank on the top of the house

Engineers, Masons, Carpenters and trained human resources

Physical, financial and technical support needed

Environment pollution

Decreased in international and domestic tourist

visitors will face the problem

2

HHs and people living inside/near the narrow street

Unmanaged electric poles and wires

Cracked and damaged houses after earthquake

Problem/difficult in Safe evacuation during disaster

Difficult to search buried people

In case of fire, it will be difficult to enter fire brigades due to alleyways

Lack of water to control fire

Availability of human resources but not trained

Search and rescue training

Fire control training

Training and orientation related to DRR

Emergency materials for stockpile

Human and physical structures

Capacities of Ward

The capacities are categorized into different resources based on nature such as natural resources, economic resources, physical resources, human resources, and institutional resources. Community forests, rivers, open spaces, well and spout water are regarded as the capacities of the ward. Similarly, community buildings, health facilities, schools, temples etc are included in physical resources of the ward. Likewise, different factories and cooperatives are indicated as economic capacities of the ward. Each capacity of ward could help in many ways during a disaster. The categorized capacities of the wards are given below.

Table 24: List of capacities of Budhanilkantha Municipality Ward 2

Resources Capacity Name of the capacity and location (What)

Quantity (How many) Area

Condition It functions during disaster

Natural Resources

Forest

Shree Pancha Kanya Mai, Badeli Wasiku Badepakha.

33.9 hectares In good

condition and proposed to develop it as a park

Herbs, firewood, green vegetation and water resources

Shivapuri Nagarjun National Conservation Community Forest

-

Chiyaan dada Community Forest, Tailung

8 hectares

Rivers Dhobi Khola, Badeli Mahadev Khola, Shivapuri Jhyamle Khola, Taulung

3 rivers Water is clear Water

Community Well/Kuwa

Kalikasthan Well Well at Mahankal Basti Lamichanne Kuwa, Lamichanne

Tole Kanchan Kuwa, Lamichanne Tole

4 numbers Water can be

consumed after purification

Water

Stone tap Mahankal Lamichanne Tole Near to BMCA school

3 numbers Water is in use. Drinking water

Public Tap 40 public tap, every Tole 40 numbers Water is clean Drinking water

Water tank Dhobi Dhunga

2 X 20,000 liters = 40,000 Water is

reserved and is overflowing

Can be used for water storage during an emergency. Wasiku

3000 + 5000 liters = 8000

27

Pandapang 5000 litres Water available at the storage tank.

Health post-underground tank 10,000 X 3 Poly

tanks. 20,000 RCC tank

Mahadev Khola 20,000 Liter tank

Deep boring Planned by

KUKL

Economic resources

Cooperative Mugal Cooperative Organization,

Ganesh Chowk Chapali Bhadrakali Agriculture

Organization, Mahadev Khola

2 numbers Financial support

Can provide home loan in low interest and relief materials during disaster

Factories

Milk Factory, Bhangal, 5 ropani

Economical support.

Supply vegetables Relief material

support.

Paramount water refined centre, Wasiku.

1 ropani

Carpet factory, Wasik/Chapali 31 ropani

Vegetable Farming (7 places) 25-30 ropani

Paper factory, Bhangal Rudreshwor

Soap factory, Khareltar

Bee farming, Bhangal

Sakar catering, Bhangal

Physical resources

Community shelter

Ward office, Chapali Ghumti

14 aana Is in good

condition Shivapuri

community shelter in risk of landslide

Co-ordination and communication

Chapali community shelter, Bhangal

3 aana

Shivapuri community shelter 5 aana

SKDUN, Rudreshwor Mahadev Khola

-

Health facilities

Chapali health post, Mahadev Khola.

Pharmacy shops

1.5 Ropani 5 numbers

Is functioning well.

First Aid Medicines

Schools

B.M.C.A School, Rudreshwor height

5 Ropani

Buildings are new and are well functioning

Could be used as open space

Ganesh Secondary School, Ganesh Chowk,

2 Ropani

Snow Land School, Rudreshwor Chowk,

2 Ropani

Victor Hyugo Manjushree School, Bhangal

2 Ropani

Little Moon School, Bhangal 2 Ropani

Temples

Pancha Kanya temple, Panchakanya

Rudreshwor temple, Bhangal, Kalikasthan temple Ganesh temple, Ganesh chowk, Nilbarahi, Sikari Setidevi, Badeli Narayan temple, Bhangal Bhangaleshwormahadev, Bhangal Radha Krishna Mandir, Badeli Mahankal Bhairab, Bhangal

-

Few areas are open

As a religious area and open spaces can also be used.

Bridge Mahadev Khola Dhobi Khola Bhadrakali Khola

3 numbers Good condition

and vehicles can pass

Can be used as alternative road

Open space Near to B.M.C.A school Kalika open space

2 ropani Water pond is in

construction Can be used as

open space. 12 ropani 2.5 ropani

28

Near to Tapasthali oldage house Bhangal open space 1.5-2 ropani phase near

BMCA school

Stockpile shelter

Niswartha Stockpile house, Lamichanne Tole

3 Anna Few materials are available

Can be used as open space.

Can be used as service camp.

Montessori Butterfly Kindergarten,

Rudreshwor Height Nepal Bal Sadan, Badeli

7 ropanies 15 ropani

Is functioning well with good buildings and spacious area

Can be used as open space.

Can be used as service camp.

Human Resources

FCHVs

Shanti Tamang( Thuli Rai) Laxmi Bhandari- 9849350377 Bindu Shrestha- 9849745079 Laxmi Shrestha Maya Devi Laxmi- 9841908322 Apsara Ale Magar Pathak-

9841076326 Ramila Khadka- 9860187701 Devaki Kharel – 9813019303

8 FCHVs Working

regularly with health post.

Can serve the community for health service and other awareness activities.

Doctors and Nurses In the whole ward Almost 10

numbers Medical help

Engineer

In the whole ward Almost 15

numbers

Technical support in camp management, reconstruction.

Mason In whole ward Almost 50 numbers

Technical support in camp management, reconstruction.

Institutional resources

Youth club In the whole ward 50 numbers

Human resources Co-ordination and

communication with donors

Women Groups In the whole ward More than 30

numbers

Women development committee

Bhangal, Badeli, Badepakha 3 numbers

Guthi In whole ward 7 numbers Single Women Group

In the whole ward 1 number

Old age home

In the whole ward 1 number

30 elderly people live now.

Can be a safe place for elderly group.

Table 25: List of capacities of LMC Ward 8

Lists of capacities Name and location How many? Area occupied

How could available facility be helpful during disaster

Condition of capacity

Physical Capacities

Public toilets Balkumari temple 10*20 Ft Toilets can be used during emergency as it is near open space

Currently in use

Water Well

Saugal, Guitole, Lola, Sako, Chapat, Yalamula, Subahal, Yangubahal, Pinchhe, Balkumari, Guita damar

Approximately 31 in total

For drinking water and another domestic purpose. Can be used to control fire

Few are in use and most of them are not in use

Deep boring Subahal Guitole Balkumari

3

For drinking Use for domestic purposes. Can be used to control fire

Need to purify water before drinking.

Stone tap Subahal Guitole Balkumari

1 2 1

For household general purpose

Is in use but need water purification

Fire Extinguisher Ward office, Guitole 2 For extinguishing fire

Bridge Kharibot Balkumari 3 Can be used to cross the

river, can be used as an It is in use.

https://www.google.com.np/search?q=fire+extinguisher&biw=1366&bih=662&tbm=isch&tbo=u&source=univ&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwir78nBtuLTAhVGsI8KHZ2OCQEQsAQINQ

29

Paku Mahadev alternative way during the normal and emergency period.

Road (Main road)

Balkumari - Kharibot Ringroad Balkumari - Nyuta Saugal - Sundhara Sudhara - Bhokdhoka Saraswoti tole - Dyoko Mahadev - Pinchhen - Subahal - Sako - Chapat - Yangubahal - Kuti Saugal - Chalachhen - Yalamul. Pinchhen - Guitole - Bholdhoka Balkumari - Deko Mahadev Saugal - Nyuta

Transportation facility. Vehicles are passing through these roads.

Public water reservoir tank

Guitole , Subahal, Pinchhen, Sako, Chapat, Yalamuli, Saugal, Sundhara, Lolha, Balkumari, Saraswoti mandir

Total 12 water tanks of 10000 litre or 5000 litre

Availability of drinking water.

In good condition and is in use

Community building (currently using school)

Shree Shanti High School, Lola Lalit Vikash Lower Secondary School, Saugal

4 Ropani 2 Ropani

To preposition emergency items Can be used for a temporary living during a disaster.

400 Students 300 Students

Government offices

Ward office, Guitole Lalitpur Municipality, Environment and Sanitation Department

5 Ropani Key responsibility before and after disaster

Private Schools

Subhakamana Secondary Boarding School, Lolha Oracle English Medium School, Guita Damar Moral Academy School, Guitole National College, Balkumari Hindu Vidyapeeth Nepal School, Balkumari Kathford International College, Balkumari

NA

Can be used as an open space.

Is in good condition.

Human Resource Capacities

Community Health Volunteers

Female Community Health Volunteers (FCHV) Ward Health Implementation Committee (WHIC) Tole Health Promoter (THP)

30 members

Can assist with first aid and other medical help. Awareness activities before and during a disaster.

actively working in coordination with DPHO and LSMC.

Light Search and Rescue task Team Ward - 8 20 - 30

Can help to search and rescue victims during disaster

Need refreshment training.

First Aid task team Ward - 8 40 - 50 Can help to provide first

aid to victims of disaster

Need refreshment training.

Teachers In different clusters 25 - 30 Can help to awareness community and children of community

Need to keep a roster.

Social Capacities and Infrastructures

Temples

Balkumari Temple. Saraswati Temple. Guitole Stupa. Ganesh Mandir at Guitole,

Chapat, Yalmuli, Subahal, Pinchhen, Yangubahal

Saugal. Sundhara Narayan Mandir.

8*8 ft 30 * 30 ft 12*12ft 12*12 ft 12*12 ft 12*12 ft 12*12 ft 12*12 ft 12*12 ft

For religious purpose, inner peace.

Being used as a religious place and there is open space at Balkumari temple.

Bahi (Bihar)

Pratham Shree Mahabihar. Gastla Mahabihar Subahal Mahabihar Thaku Bihar Jaya Manohar Mahabihar

Women and mother group

Guitole Mother's Group Pinche Mother's Group Subahal Mother's Group Saraswati Mother's Group Yalamul Mother's Group

112 members 147 members 125 members 90 members 50 members

Volunteering in relief and Recovery Program

Is active in volunteering various metropolitan level activities

30

Chapat Mother's Group Lola: Women's Group Balkumari Mother's Group Saugal Mother's Group Yangubahal Mother's Group

40 members 90 members 80 members 50 members 40 members

Child Club Yanlgubahal Guitole Subaha

Police station Balkumari 1 Security, Search and rescue, dead body management

Health Post Guitole Ward Health Clinic 30 * 24 ft Health facility and service Good condition

Community Buildings

Guitole Pinchhe Sako Chapat Saugal Balkumari Subahal Yangubahal Saraswati tole

4 3 1 1 2 3 4 3 1

To preposition emergency items Can be used for a temporary living during a disaster.

Finance Resources

Saving & Credit cooperative All over in ward 14

Allowing credit and financing support

Bank Kharibot 1 Allowing credit Natural Resources

River Gwarko Balkumari 1 kilometer 1

Pond Guitole Balkumari Saugal

5476 sq.ft (1 Ropani) 273 8 sq.ft ( ½ Ropani) 273 8 sq.ft ( ½ Ropani)

To control house fire, To clean To drink

3

Open space Guitole Balkumari Saraswoti temple ground

30 ropani 2 ropani 3 ropani

Can be used for temporary camp during emergency

Can adjust 1500 people 400 people 300 people

Table 26: List of capacities of Bhaktapur Municipality Ward 3 List of

Capacities Name and Location How many? / Area occupied

Condition of capacity

How could available facility be helpful during

disaster Natural resources

Well

Bansagopal-1, Tekhacho, Durbar Area-3 Kaminani, Dhyonani, Munanni-1, Kolachhen-5, Lachicha-3, Mulakhu-4, Ghatkha-5, Ichhu-4, Mahadev Chowk-1, Nasmana-1, Dumalacha, Santabahal-1, Malacha, Thathucha-1, Jhyasimala-1, Bigyan Chowk, Dole-1, Tekhapukhu

40

21 number of well in use and rest of wells need to repair/maintenance

Use for drinking water using PoU option and another household purpose at the time of disaster and emergency

Stone tap Barahisthan-2, Nasmana-2, Durbar area-1 5

2 no. of the tap in use well-functioning, need to search water resource for other taps

Use for drinking water using PoU option and another household purpose at the time of disaster and emergency

Ponds Tekhapukhu-1, Durbar area-3 Nasmana( Mangal kunda)-1, Degamana-1

5 Except for pond, at Durbar area all are in use

Use for Household Purpose and to control fire

River Hanumante river 1

Open space

Durbar area (4 ropani), Playground of Padhma School, open space of Nasmana area, open space near to Tekha Pokhari, Degamana chowk, Bahakiba area, Barahisthan area, Near to Gyan Tara School, Degamana Chowk

8 open space located in a different area

Both public and private area

Both public and private open space can use in time of disaster, sufficient open space is available in a ward no need to go outside in search of open space

Social Resources

Pati/Pauwa Durbar area-3, kolachhe-2, Ichhu- 3, Nasmana-3,

30 3 no. need to repair

31

Ghatkha- 2 Degamana-1, Bansagopal-7 Thathucha- 1, Lachicha-1, Barahisthan-4, Mulakhu-1, Tekhacho-6 Dumalacha-2

Temples Durbar area-Bansagopal, Nasmana, Kolachhe Mulakhu, Tekhacho

22

Some of them were destroyed by earthquake and are in under construction

Community building Bansagopal, Kolachhe 5 Permanent

concrete building

Building can be used in disaster to distribute and store relief materials

Public taps (distributed water from Bode and Nagarkot )

Bansagopal, Nasmana Degamana, Dole, Malacha, Tekhacho, Mulakhu, Kolachhe, Thathucha, Ghatkha, Lachhicha, Ichhu, Jhyasimala

16 Well-functioning

Use for drinking water and another household purpose during disaster and emergency

Government offices Within ward

District police, District Administration, Nepal Scout, District Court, District Coordination Committee, District Research Center, Municipal Development Committee, National Art Museum, Nepal Armed Force

Helps in coordination and communication with another stakeholder to support

Physical Resources

Public toilets Tekhadole,-1 Durbar area-2, 3 no. of toilet All are in good function

Use toilets at the time of disaster

Bridge Hanumante bridge 1 (300 m length) Permanent

Community Health Center Ghatkha 1 Providing health

services

Availability of health services, medicines and first aid

Schools

Bal Mandir school, Shree Padhma higher S. S, Mega S. School, Gyan Tara English School, Mahendra Bidhya Ashram, Glitter Future Star English School, Future Star English School, and Jenith English School

8 Providing proper education

Open space/school ground and WASH facilities can be used at the time of disaster

Road (Highway) Arniko Highway 1 (300 m length) Black topped Sewage/drainage line Entire wards Average 90%

coverage Financial Resources

Pharmacy Ajima Washa Pasa, Kumar Ausadhyalaya 2 Well function Provide medicine during

disasters Disaster Management Fund

Disaster management committee 20 Thousand only Need to increase amount/fund

Fund support for needy people during disaster

Cooperatives

Taleju Saving and Credit Cooperative Limited, Samajdhari Saving and Credit Cooperative Limited, Pooja Saving and Credit Cooperative Limited, Yakti Ajima Saving and Credit Cooperative Limited, Nitya Nath Saving and Credit Cooperative Limited, Puja Saving and Credit Cooperative Limited, Bhasa Sewi Saving and Credit Cooperative Limited, Kamana Agriculture Cooperative Limited

8 Active Help in relief materials, provide loan in need, help in coordination

Human Resources Trained mason Within ward 80-100 people Support for reconstruction Carpenters, Masons, Tourism business,

Carpenter-27%, mason-13 %, Tourism business- 5%,

Support for reconstruction

32

Agriculture, Sculptures

Agriculture- 60%, others- 5%

Engineer Within ward Around 30 people Doctor Within ward Around 5 people Nurse Within ward Around 35 people

FCHVs Within ward

Total 9 (Sangita Karmacharya-

Buddha laxmi Makaju-

Maiya laxmi Prajapati-

Rajani Prajapati-

Maiya Dhoju-

Maiya Twayana-

Sabina Twayana-

Bishnu Kesari Lawaju-

Sabi Shilpakar-

All are Active

33

Risk Assessment

Risk assessment is a tool which helps to reduce risks within a community. This can be done by identifying the risks that the community is likely to face. Once the assessment of the community risk is done and capacities available in the community to reduce the impacts of the risks is identified. This helps to assess the likelihood and possibility of the community to be harmed.

Table 27: Risk Assessment of Bukdhanilkantha Municipality Ward 2 Hazard Where When Whom/ how

many affected How are they vulnerable What are the risks Available coping capacity

Earthquake

Badepakha, Taulung, Bhangal, Rudreshwor marg, Badeli, Wasuki, Mahadev Khola

Any season/ time 200 - 300 Households of the ward – 2

The possibility of being trapped in weak infrastructures and get injured or die.

Landslide is much likely to follow after the earthquake disaster. So, death and injury toll may rise after a landslide.

Lack of response and first aid materials in community delays in rescue and first aid.

Delay in rescue and medical help can kill people due to lack of trained human resources.

Injury and death of people. People suffer due to the

unmanaged settlement, drinking water, medical care etc.

Social problems and economic problems

Masons, carpenter, agricultural products, human resources for awareness programs.

Landslide

Badepakha, Taulung Bhangal, Rudreshwor Marg, Pipalbot, Kalikachaur

Monsoon season (June, July and August)

13 Houses 4 houses 20 Houses (200 people) 12 houses

Due to haphazard plotting and unmanaged excavation of land, soil erosion has increased. so, houses are also vulnerable.

Destruction of houses and loss of economy.

Fertile agricultural land Breakage of drinking water

pipelines

Water tanks, mason, carpenters, human resources, support from the municipality for building retention wall.

Forest Fire Badeli, Taulung, Wasiku

More probable during dry seasons (March to May)

Wild animals, vegetation and houses near jungle

Due to the carelessness of visitors at forest and conservation areas.

Breakage of drinking water pipelines by fire

Few materials have been stored for fire control by WWF

Accident due to Narrow streets Way to Chapali health post

Mostly during monsoon and other months as well

20 households Slippery roads, landslide prone area and

flood-prone areas may cause accident of people around it

Accident, injury Human resources for maintenance of the road.

Accident Wasiku During earthquake and earthquake shake

5 - 10 households By fall of unsecured water tanks, flower

vases kept for decoration at roof during shake of the earthquake.

Injury and death awareness can be done for retrofitting of flower vases

Flood Wasiku During monsoon (June, July and August)

3 - 5 household members

by the flooding of houses living near rivercan get affected

Houses and agricultural land can get affected Not mentioned

34

Epidemics Probable in all clusters of ward - 2

mostly during monsoon season 150 - 200 people

Water gets contaminated during the rainy season and most households do not use water purification methods. so, may spread epidemics

Especially elderly and children can get affected. FCHVs and health post

Epidemics Probable in all clusters, especially in pig farming area of Dhobikhola

Probable in all seasons, mostly during monsoon season

Around 100 household members

Waterborne and animal-borne diseases(Swine flu, diarrhoea, cholera etc.) can spread in the area.

Difficult to control such epidemics if we are not prepared.

Houses near pig farming and other people of the ward can get affected health-wise and economically.

FCHVs but not adequately trained.

Accident due to unmanaged wire poles Mahakal Bhairabmarg Probable in all

months Community people, vehicles

During windstorm and earthquake, unmanaged wire get messed and breakage of wire

Injury and death May because of fire

Road Accident Ganesh Marg Probable in all months

Motorbike riders and pedestrians

At Turning road of Ganesh Marg, people do not notice and carelessness of riders cause accident

Schools students and pedestrians might get in accident and death

Table 28: Risk Assessment of LMC Ward 8 Hazard Where When When and How many How What are affected Available capacity

Earthquake All the areas of Ward 8 Every month

Devotees of Balkumaritemple, Almost 700 people can get affected

Elderly, differently abledpeople, children,pregnant womanincluding 80% population, Approx. 600 - 700 HH and 480 people can get injured

Due to fall of the cracked temple, oldbuildings nearby.The transformer may fall and cause a fire.

Due to fall of cracked and damaged HH. Difficult to evacuate from alleyways. Difficult to evacuate people whose houses are

through another house. Lack of awareness for earthquake

preparedness. Delay in medical help and first aid, rescue. Lack of trained human resources and their

records. Dependency on other organizations outside

the ward.

Human, cultural andhistorical heritages andinfrastructures.

Environment, people,cultural and traditional heritages, infrastructures,elderly and psychological and economic effects

Open spaces, Police station, 3 pati-pauwaand clubs.

Open spaces, well,ponds, co-operatives,FCHV, schools andvarious groups

Flood Harit colony to Balkumari chowk

Mostly June and July

Houses nearby river.Approx. 300 - 400HH, 1500 people can getaffected

Houses are built at near to river bank andrivers are being narrow in size

Houses, College, road,transportation,agriculture, industries,Environment andsanitation division of LMC.

Environment andsanitation division of LMC, Paku.

Mahadev Park, acommunity with a goodattitude.

35

Fire

Balkumari chowk(Petrol pump),Saraswati chowk.

Most of the placesof ward - 8

Especially during March, April andMay.

Approx. 500 people can get affected who livesnear a petrol pump.

Smoking, carelessness and leakage atpetrol pump can cause a fire.

Carelessness during use of LP gas,electricity short circuit, attached houses,unmanaged wires, lack of trained firefighters, difficulty in access to fire brigade due to narrow alleyways.

Community, electricity line, infrastructures

Fire extinguisher at the petrol pump, pond, deepboring at Saraswati Khel, wide ring road and river.

Fire brigades at the municipality.

Epidemics

Paku, Balkumari Lholha,

Yangubahal, Yalamul,Kutisaugal, Saugal

April, May, June July

Approx. 500 people. Approx 250 HH are

affected

Consumption of contaminated water and unmanaged solid waste.

Unhygienically conducted Slaughter housesat Lolha,

Community behaviour of not purifying drinking water.

Leakage of drainage. Haphazard urbanization.

Environment andcommunity, economic loss.

Ward health care centre,clinics and polyclinics,hospitals nearby,Communication and media.

Animal terror Guitole damar People living near

(periphery of the ward) to Guita Damar.

Monkeys living at Guita Damar has lacked infood. So, monkeys visit houses and attackspeople and foodstuffs.

People, materials andfoodstuffs at houses

Table 29: Risk Assessment of Bhaktapur Municipality Ward 3

Hazard Where When Whom and how many are affected How are they vulnerable What are affected Available coping

capacity

Earthquake

-Dhyonani, Bansagopal, Dumalacha, Kaminani, Dole, Malacha, Tekhapukhu -Santabahal chowk, Kolacheen, Lachicha, Jhyasinmala, Mulakhu, Thathucha, Khauma, -Tapalachi, Malacha, Degamana, -Layaku, Ichhu, Mahadev chowk, Nasmana

At any time

-community people, tourists (around 575 people) -around 100 HHs

-due to fall of the damaged cracked house -difficult to evacuate and search and rescue from alleyways -lack of awareness for earthquake preparedness -tradition settlement Lack of trained human resource

-Human, physical infrastructure, temples, historical heritage, environment, streets and road, cultural heritage, economic effect

-open space of mega school, Tekhapukhu area, private land, Padhma school -FCHVs, ward office human resource but not trained

Fire

Dhyonani, Bansagopal, Tekhacho, Dumalacha, Kaminani, Dole, Malacha, Tekhapukhu Santabahal, Kolacheen, Lachicha, Jhyasimala, Mulakhu, Thathucha, Khauma, Ghatkha, Nasmana

At any time but mainly in March, April and may

Around 300 people living in alleyway

-due to carelessness and leakage of gas in HHs level (Kitchen) -due to the electric short circuit and unmanaged electric pole and wire -difficult to reach fire brigade in time due to the alleyway and dense settlement of the house

-Physical infrastructure, financial effect, human

-pond and well in each tole,

Flood Barahi Hanumante river Mainly in rainy season HHs nearby river -the overflow of the river due to narrow

size of the river

-Schools, people living near to river, houses, transportation agricultural land and crops

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2- Day workshop on Preparation of Community Based DRM plan, Formation of Evacuation Map and DRRM plan As the second workshop under ERAKV project, 2-day workshop on the preparation of community-based DRM plan, the formation of evacuation map and DRRM plan was conducted aiming to formulate draft Ward level DRM plan and DRR map of each pilot municipalities through direct involvement of community people. The workshops were conducted in different dates and venues as mention in below table at the pilot ward of Budhanilkantha Municipality-2, Lalitpur Metropolitan City-8 and Bhaktapur Municipality-3.

Table 30: Date and Venue of the workshop


Budhanilkantha Municipality 27th-28th June, 2017 Bhangal Community Building, Bhangal Lalitpur Metropolitan City 1st-2nd July 2017 Community building, Guitole Bhaktapur Municipality 16th-17th August 2017 Hotel Sweet Home, Bhaktapur

2.3.1. The main objectives of the workshop

The overall objective of the workshops is to aware community stakeholders on the existing hazards, risks and vulnerabilities of the community as well as to prepare DRM plan on its basis. However the major specific objectives of the workshop were as follows:

To identify potential vulnerabilities and capacities existed in the community throughtown watching method.

To develop DRR map of the community incorporating hazards and capacities. To develop DRM plan of the ward including preparedness plan, risk-mitigating plan

and response plan of identified hazards on ranking basis.


The workshop was attended by approximately 25-30 community people in each workshop at 3 pilot municipalities including the representative from Ward office, Community Disaster Management Committee (CDMC), Female Health Community Volunteers (FCHVs), Schools/Colleges, Cooperatives and different community groups and local Clubs.




Chettri Dalit

Budhanilkantha Municipality 27 6 21 11 15 1 5

Lalitpur Metropolitan City

28 15 17 30 2 0 4


37

2.3.3. Agenda for the Second workshop

2-day workshop on Preparation of Community Based DRM plan, Formation of Evacuation Map and DRRM plan was conducted at 3 pilot municipalities with following common major agenda:

Review of the 1st workshop on learning risk and DRRM system in Nepal. Investment based on disaster risk assessment and past disaster experience. Sharing of data related to vulnerability and capacity assessment. Orientation on Town Watching method and field trip. Preparation of map indicating vulnerabilities, risks and capacities of the community. Risk assessment and its mitigation. Preparation of DRM plans on potential hazards according to format presented on

LDRMP guidelines.

2.3.4. Major Session and Group activity/Discussion

The second workshop was focused on town watching method, a short recap was done on major disaster terminologies along with the classification of vulnerabilities and capacities types as it will help the participants during town watching and mapping of the pilot municipalities. The common session in the workshop of all three pilot municipalities are brief as follow:

2.3.4.1. Investment based on disaster risk assessment and past disaster experiences The session focus on the importance of investment for reducing disaster risk reduction in the community sharing some of the ideas on how our ancestor was able to invest for disaster risk reduction with an example of open space among traditional settlement which proved to be useful during the disaster period. The DRM plan is one of the investment for disaster risk reduction, which can provide a fruitful result and reduce disaster impact. Information regarding earthquake and data related to recent Gorkha earthquake and learning of earthquake in Japan were shared. It was concluded that Nepal needs to learn from Gorkha earthquake if we really tend to make the communities disaster resilient. Nepal needs to invest in disaster risk reduction. The community should be capacitated in disaster response and should be motivated by investment in DRR.

2.3.4.2. Town Watching / Transect Walk Town watching is a tool similar to transect walk wherein community representatives visit clusters of the ward to observe hazards of the ward. This tool is used to triangulate the interferences from vulnerability mapping and problem tree analysis in the course of vulnerability and capacity assessment. Unlike other tools, this tool helps to generate real-time data regarding the risks, vulnerabilities and capacities. Using this tool helped the community to verify the VCA data through direct observation in the field, to update DRR map of the ward that was developed during risk assessment and to collect the experiences of disaster victims of the community.

38

Participants were briefed on the concept of Town Watching along with its importance and its implication. As the workshop was based in town watching, participants were requested to be more analytical while field visit so that they can get more information on vulnerabilities and capacities of the respective communities.

Before field visit, a route for town watching was finalized and the participants were divided into 3 to 4 groups in pilot municipalities. Participants were divided in the way to involve them in their respective cluster/tole so that they could reach in every corner of the pilot wards. Respective groups of pilot municipalities were mobilized with allocating a team leader, 2 - 3 note takers and a photographer to collect and observe potential hazards, risks, vulnerabilities and capacities in perspective of disaster risk.

The respective clusters/Toles of the pilot municipalities visited by that participant visited are as tabulated below:

Table 32: Places visited during town watching

Group Name of Cluster Group 1 Taulung, Badeli, Bhandarigaun, Wasiku Group 2 Mahadevkhola, Panchakanya mandir, Badepakha, Ishan colony Group 3 Ganesh chowk, Bhanghal, Rudreshwor marg, Kalikasthan, Samudayik

Marga, Khareltar

Group Name of Cluster Group 1 Guitole, Pinchhen, Subahal, Sako, Chapat, Bholdhoka, Group 2 Lholha, Saugal, Kutisaugal, Yangubahal, Yalamula Group 3 Bholdhoka, Saptakhel, Balkumari, Saraswoti Temple, Across ringroad.

Group Name of Cluster Group 1 Batal, Layaku, Ichhu, Bhotebahal, Mahadev Chowk, Nasmana Group 2 Lachicha, Khauma, Kolachhen, Jhyasimala, Mulakhu, Thathucha, Barahi,

Dhyochhen Group 3 Bansagopal, Dumalacha, Dhyonani, Tekhacho, Tekhapukhu Group 4 Degamana, Malacha, Barahi pith, Tapalachhe, Nani, Wasikacha

After the town watching, each group were provided with a google map of respective ward boundary and required materials for allocating capacities and vulnerabilities in the given google map. The individual vulnerability and capacity map prepared by the pilot municipalities are as follow:

39

In these above vulnerability and capacity map of pilot municipalities, photographs with pink notes indicate the vulnerabilities of the community whereas photographs with blue notes indicate existing capacities of the community. The entire picture stacked on the map were clicked during town watching. The maps show that community has to focus on disaster preparedness activities for disaster risk reduction.

Photo 5: Capacity and Vulnerability map of Budhanilkantha Municipality, Ward 2

Photo 6: Vulnerability and Capacity map of LMC, ward 8 in left and Budhdanilkantha municipality, Ward 2 in right

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2.3.4.3. Sharing of Local Disaster Risk Mitigation and Response Plan (LDRMP) Guideline To guide the participants for preparation of DRM plan in an effective way, the short session was delivered on LDRMP guidelines where a format on the basis of LDRMP guidelines prepared by the government of Nepal was shared. Participants were instructed to gain specific, measurable, acceptable, and reliable and period (SMART) kind of mitigation and preparedness plan of identified risks. While preparing DRM plans of the pilot municipalities, participants in the workshop were told to incorporate before the disaster, during a disaster and after a disaster. The participants were facilitated to prepare the DRM plan into three-section i.e.

Before Disaster During Disaster After Disaster

The plans were prepared with reference to the following format given in LDRMP guideline 2011.

Hazard: Section: Before/During/After

S.N DRR activities Major Responsibilities

Available Resources Time frame Internal External

1

For preparing DRM plan of pilot municipalities, participants in the workshops were divided into 3 different groups and each group allocated to prepare DRM plans for three different section giving a DRM plan format. The Group A was assigned to prepare plans on “Before” section. They were facilitated to prepare plans that can be done as preparedness before the disaster. Similarly, Group B and Group C were given to prepare plans on “During” and “After” section. They were clarified to prepare those plans which help to response the community during and after the disaster. The finding of group work in all three pilot municipalities on DRM plans are presented as tabular form:

41

2.3.4.4. DRM plan of Budhanilkatha Municipality, Ward 2 Table 33: DRM plan regarding Earthquake in Budhanilkantha municipality, Ward 2

Earthquake ( Before Disaster)

SN Major Problem and Risks Activities for disaster management Major responsibilities Management of resources Timeline Internal External

1.

CDMC members have not trained adequately in disaster preparednessand response activities. so, CDMC members are not confident ondisaster risk reduction and response preparedness activities in the community.

Conduct training on disaster preparedness and response to volunteers, CDMC members, leaders of the community.

Capacity development on CBDRRM activities,response team formation and preparedness for response activities.

CDMC and CDMCcoordinator (Rajendra Thapa)

Municipality JICA

Co-ordination withdonors and municipality

Human resources and groups

Financial support fromward office

Positive attitude of community

Trainers / Facilitatorsand materials

Technical support IEC materials

In 2074 B.S

2. The community is not aware of

community and individual level preparedness to minimize disaster impact.

Disseminate IEC materials regarding preparednessmessages. E.g.: preparation of safe evacuation route,identification of safe place at home and discussion among family members, stockpiling, and response teams at the community for earthquake etc).

Organize street drama in different clusters. Conduct orientation classes on DRR to teachers and

students of BMCA school, Sunrise Boarding School,Snow Land and Ganesh Secondary School

CDMC Volunteers Supporting organizations

Co-ordination withdonors and line agencies

Human resources /Volunteers

Trainers /Facilitators Materials Technical support IEC materials

In 2074 B.S

3. The community is not completely

aware of safe construction practicesand national building codes

Conduct training to capacitate mason and house owners on structural retrofitting and for safe building construction and building construction law.

CDMC, Technical team of

municipality

Human resources and Mason, venue

Technical support andfinancial support frommunicipality and other organizations

Poush 2074

4.

Difficulty in the quick operation of search and rescue missions andavailability of first aid activities.

Develop response team, first aider's team within the community and conduct training

CDMC Ward office NGO/ INGO

Human resources Technical assistance Trainers. Financial support

By 2075

5.

Disaster Management fund notoperational in the ward. So, due to lack of finance, response activitiesmight get delayed.

Formation of Disaster Management Fund in the ward CDMC Municipality Ward office

Request for seedmoney, coordination from the ward.

Human resources

Seed money supportfrom municipality

Co-ordination withother organizations

By 2074/ 75 B.S

6. The community is unaware of

hazards and availability of openspaces in the ward

Open spaces of the ward have been assessed. Designand suspend a hazard and capacity map hoardingboard of the ward.

CDMC Ward Chairperson JICA / ENPHO

Place to put hoarding board

Support from CDMCand ward office

Technical and material support In 2074 B.S

7

The community does not have enough materials and tools for rescue, response and also lack sufficient first aid supplies neededduring a disaster.

Prepositioning of response materials at a safe and accessible place of the ward. (Tarpaulin sheets of size 15/ 20 rope, hooks, ladders, toolkits, stretchers,first aid kit, search and rescue materials, water supplies and hygiene materials etc)

CDMC. Ward office. Municipalities. JICA/ ENPHO

Areas for storage Human resources Locally available

materials and tools

Financial support Technical assistance By 2075

8 Disturbance and breakage may

happen during an earthquake inwater supply pipelines and water

Prepare water tanks, flexible pipes, and plumbing materials in stores to distribute drinking water over time.

CDMC Ward office Municipality

Water sources Few storage tanks

Materials required for prepositioning By 2075 B.S

42

sources due to old pipes in many places.

Water User Committees Tool-box, pipes,plumbing materials

9 Unavailability of public latrines at

the ward. If there is a latrine, it canbe used at the time of disaster.

Construct a public toilet at Rudreshwor.

CDMC. Ward Office. Municipality Community

Area for construction. Skilled and unskilled

human resources. Local materials

Financial andtechnical support

By 2075 B.S

10

Few open spaces are available atward but there are no basicinfrastructures which can be usedduring the time of emergency.However, the open spaces are notconserved properly.

Maintenance and conservation of open spaces andcommunity buildings to use them during disasters


Open Spaces. Community buildings

Financial support Technical assistance

By 2075/ 76 B.S

Earthquake (During Disaster)

SN Major Problems and Risks Activities for disaster management Major responsibilities Management of resources Timeline Internal External

1

Challenge in damage and needassessment of the ward quickly after the disaster which may delay rescue of victims and response activities.

Communicate and co-ordinate as soon as possible with representatives of clusters, leaders, various group, task teams, volunteers, CDMC, ward officialsetc and collect information from every cluster of the ward.

Plan for further activities.

CDMC Ward Chairperson Co-ordination channel

Within few hours of the disaster.

2

Delay in search and rescue activities.

Fire may follow after earthquake disaster

Search for people those are trapped inside infrastructures and buildings mobilizing trained SARteam.

Call for help from armed police force and rescuersand fire brigade if required

CDMC. Stakeholders in the

community. Community people. Ward office

Human resources and materials

Materials for searchand rescue.

Army Rescuers. Financial support


3 Victims situation might get worst or

die due to the absence of a timely cure.

Manage first aid to victims and take them to Chapalihealth post or nearby hospital

Chapali health post,FCHVs, first aiders,community people.

Human resources Materials, hospital,financial support

Within few hours of disaster

4

May create confusion and duplication of work due to the involvement of any organization'sinvolvements during response activities.

Call for inception meeting with all involvedgovernment and non- government organizations in the lead of ward office or municipality.

Division of tasks, areas and ensure one door response.


Communication and coordination

Various local organizations

Co-ordination and co-operation by organizations

Within 1week of disaster

5 Affected people get homeless andhelpless during earthquake time.

Manage temporary settlement area at open spaces BMCA school for communities of Badepakha and

Wasiku. Panchakanya community forest for communities of

Mahadev Khola, Badeli and Taulung Kalika chaur, schools and old age home for

communities of Bhangal, Tallo Bhangal andMahadev Colony.

Distribute available tarpaulins, ropes and other materials, arrange bamboos

CDMC Ward office. Community people Youth groups

Human resources andopen spaces

Locally available materials

Training, response materials

1st, 2nd and3rd to a weekof the disaster

6 After the settlement, shortage of food and clothes in affected people.

Manage and operate assistance as soon as possible for the victims of the earthquake in order to provide them food and clothing especially those whose houses are completely collapsed. For the help

Community people,CDMC, ward officials Human resources

Response materialsfrom social organizations

Within 2 daysof disaster

43

coordinating with donors can be done and also self-help can be generated from the community itself.

Earthquake (After Disaster)

SN Major Problem and Risks Activities for disaster management Major responsibilities Management of resources Timeline Internal External

1 May create confusion to allocate an

area for distributing response materials.

Select BMCA School and Kalika chaur for response materials distribution point because the open space is comparatively large and could be a centre point to all.

Kalika chaur is already building a community building

CDMC Political leaders Cluster development

committees Local stakeholders

Open Spaces Co-ordination Human resources

Support frommunicipality anddonor organizations to construct basicinfrastructures atKalika chaur andconserve them before disaster

Within 72 hours of disaster

2

Rescue and response materialsdispatched from disaster preparedness stockpile will be missing after use. Few materialsmight need replenishment.

Record in stock book of stockpiling materials. Also,keep a record of replenishing used items.

CDMC Ward office

Store In-charge Skill

Support and advice Materials to replenish

Within 1week

3 Probability of conflicts, duplication

and inequity in response material distribution

Co-ordinate with donors for fair distribution of materials

CDMC Political leaders Clubs Ward Office

Human resources Coordinating actors Relief materials

4 Risk of epidemics due to negligence

in safe water, proper sanitation and hygiene.

Conduct awareness programs to maintain hygiene,drinking safe water, proper sanitation, safe waste disposal and hygiene.

FCHVs, trainedvolunteers Human resources Financial support

Regular after and during disaster

5 Recovery activities could get

difficult without damage assessmentof structures.

Damage and need assessment at every cluster.Collect data on damage.

Trained teams Engineers Municipality

Human resources Technical support After 1 weekof disaster

6 People might be psychologically

disturbed due to repeated occurrence of aftershocks.

Visit camps and support for psychosocial counselling.

Conduct awareness programs to alert the community to stay safe. (Group orientation, Community awareness through public announcement)

Volunteers Teachers Youth groups

Human resources Trained volunteer

team IEC materials

Within 2weeks of disaster

7 Children's education could get

hampered due to disturbance createdby the earthquake.

Arrange ‘Temporary Learning Centers’ and setting for playing environment near camps for children.

Teachers of the ward. Volunteers. Volunteers

Local materials Learning materials Financial support


8

Unhealthy behaviour during mensuration can make womendifficult and worsen health during relief and recovery phase of adisaster.

Distribute sanitary napkins to women and orientadolescent girls and women on the ways to keepthemselves healthy during such situation.

Volunteers Organizations FCHV

Volunteers Local skills IEC materials

Sanitary napkins


9

Poor and marginalized people may not be able to reconstruct housessoon, as a result, they get more vulnerable.

The arrangement of settlements for certain time atopen spaces nearby.

Ward office Municipality CDMC

Open Spaces Materials, Financial supports


44

10

The community may repeat old and unsafe techniques for reconstruction.The communities will be financially weak for building back their settlements.

Conduct awareness programs for safe reconstructionactivities and building construction codes.

Collect data for subsidy distribution and startdistribution.

Municipality CDMC Community and ward

office

Co-ordination team Human resources

Technical support andtraining

IEC materials

After 1 - 2 months of the disaster.

Table 34: DRM plan regarding Flood in Budhanilkantha municipality, Ward 2 Flood ( Before Disaster)

S.N Major problems and risks Activities for disaster management Major responsibilities Management of resources Timeline Internal External

1

Accidents may occur among school going students while crossing Dhobikhola and Jyamlekhola river during monsoonseason.

Construct bridge at junction of Dhobikhola and Jyamlekholaborder river which can be measured to ensure safety of the school going students

CDMC Ward office and municipality

Human resources (Skilledand unskilled)

Technical material Financial support Sooner

2 Houses near Dhobikhola are at risk of flood in every monsoon season.

Aware vulnerable households thatare prone to flood to get preparedfor possible flood consequences.

CDMC Vulnerable HH


Technical material Financial support Sooner

3 If flood hit the households a nearby lot of people can be affected.

Arrange/ manage space for temporary settlement atcommunity buildings and schools (BMCA school, Dojo hall)

CDMC Community

Community Hall Community people Within 2074 B.S

Flood ( During and after Disaster)

S.N Major Problem and Risks Activities for disaster management Major responsibilities Management of resources Timeline Internal External

1 After the flood, victims might face problem in managing their basic needs.

Move affected household members to safer place/areas ( community building) where people can receive basic supplies like food, clothes etc

CDMC, ward office, community people Community Hall Financial support Soon after flood

disaster

Table 35: DRM plan regarding Landslide in Budhanilkantha municipality, Ward 2 Landslide ( Before Disaster)

S.N Major problems and risks Activities for disaster management Major responsibilities Management of resources Timeline Internal External

1

Ward is not equipped with rescue and response materials.

The community doesn’t have trainedhuman resources for rescue. Also, there is lack of first aid materials.

Identify an appropriate location that can be used to stockpile important materials.

Request municipality and donors to supportmaterials like stockpile pick, shovel, rope etc.

Request NRCS, JICA, municipality to support training on first aid assistance; search and rescue actions.

CDMC, Ward office and municipality

Human resources(Skilled andunskilled)

Co-ordination fromward office.

Location for the stockpile.

Technical, material and financial support.

Training fromNRCS and JICA

Before 2075B.S'smonsoon.

Bhadra 2074

45

2

Landslide areas are not identified by community people so; they may not have known about the possible vulnerable areafor a landslide.

Identify landslide-prone areas of the ward andplace signboard to alert the community about the risk (Rudreshwor Pipalbot, Bhote Chihan, Near Health Post, Badepakha, Kalikachaur Bhangal.

CDMC Ward office Cluster Development

Committees

Local materials Support frommunicipality

Within 2074Falgun

3 Construction of road and excavation of

lands are weakening soil structure and can cause erosion.

Request Budhanilkantha municipality for retentionwall construction from the house of Nabin Shresthato Bitte Nagarkoti.

Manage rainwater drainage line beside roadsconstructed and create a pipe underneath.


Local materials Skilled and

unskilled human resources.

Financial andtechnical supportfrom the municipality.

Co-ordinationbetweenmunicipality andline agencies.

Within B.S 2074 / 75

4 Rivers are narrowing due to the

encroachment of river banks for settlements.

Request Budhanilkantha municipality for retentionwall construction behind Chapali health post (Bhotechaur), Navraj Thapa's house to JeevanRamtel's house.

Ward office Municipality Community

Local resources Human resources

Materials Technical support

WithinAsadh 2075B.S

5 3 houses of slum area at Badepakha are at risk of landslide.

Relocate those houses to a safe place. The mostsuitable place for the relocation can be Kapur Rukh.

CDMC Community Family members of those

houses.

Local resources Financial, technical

and material support

Soon

6 Earthquake 2015 and plotting of land has

induced landslide at the place where the soil is weak.

Agreement process and meetings with plotting professionals and owners to promote plannedplotting. Develop a proper understanding of the risk of landslide.

CDMC, Ward, municipality, related

stakeholders

CDMC Ward chairperson,

co-ordinationcapacity

Support frommunicipality

Before 2075B.S'smonsoon

Poush 2074 Landslide ( During Disaster)

SN Major problems and risks Activities for disaster management Major responsibilities Management of resources Timeline Internal External

1 People may get trapped or get missed in a landslide.

Rescue victims from the affected area. Call help from Nepal police and army. Rescue team and community CDMC, human

resources Rescuers, army, municipality Just after disaster

2 The victim may require medical help and first aid assistance.

Provide first aid and take the victim to a health post or hospital nearby.

First aiders, FCHV, community

CDMC, human resources

Medical personals from hospital Just after disaster

3 Victimized family members will remain without food, house and other basic needs.

Provide assistance to victim family to ease their daily activities by providing basic needs and temporary rooms at the community house.

CDMC

Ward office

Community building, Community members.

Aid and financial support from municipality and social organizations


Landslide ( After Disaster)

SN Major problems and risks Activities for disaster management Major responsibilities Management of resources Timeline Internal External

1 Blocked roads may create problem to local habitats. Clear debris from landslide area Community and victim

family Community Excavator and financial support

Within 1 week of disaster

2 Assistant may require the victim family. Rehabilitate victim family Ward office and municipality Community people Aid and financial supports

Within 1 month of disaster.

46

Table 36: DRM plan regarding Forest Fire in Budhanilkantha municipality, Ward 2 Forest Fire ( Before Disaster)

SN Major problems and risks Activities for disaster management Major responsibilities

Management of resources Timeline + Budget Internal External

1 Visitors at forest area may because of fire sometimes.

Set boundaries of forest with wire barriers to prohibit entry and putwarning boards like (sign againstsmoking cigarettes inside forest asit may cause forest fire)

CDMC Ward office Forest management committee


Technical, material andfinancial support

Within plusand falgun2074

15 Lakhs

2 Materials including instructions to put

off fire immediately are not prepared and available at the community level.

Prepositioning of fire control materials and equipment near Panchakanya forest ( Pick, shovel,jackets, boot, mask, helmet, rope,buckets, hose pipe, gloves,torchlight, extinguishers etc.)

Forest management committee CDMC Community people Municipality

Area for storing materials Materials Financial support

Within poushand falgun2074

3 Lakhs

3 Fire may extend to a broad area rapidly. Create fire boundary "Agni Rekha" to halt intensive fire at the forest.

Forest management committee Community people

Human resources,materials 2 lakhs

4 Fire may extend rapidly if proper technique is not used to control fire.

Orient/organize training in the community on firefighting. Suchtraining should be a target for the community volunteers and forestdevelopment committee.

Forest Management committee CDMC Municipality

Human resources and training venue

Trainers, materials,technical and financial support

1 lakh

5 Water sources may not be identified

around the forest to generate a response soon.

Mapping of water resources that can be used during a forest fire.

Forest ManagementCommittee.

CDMC

Water resources Community.

Within 2074B.S

Forest Fire ( During Disaster)

SN Major problem and risks Activities for disaster management Major responsibilities Management of resources Timeline

+ Budget Internal External

1 The effort of certain people and limited

resources to counter the problem are not enough to control forest fire.

Aware host community people to extinguish forest fire as soon aspossible with available materials.

Community people and forestmanagement committee

Wasiku club

Human resources and local materials

Within few hours

2 Seek help and call the fire brigade,

Nepal police, Nepal army other related organizations.


Ward office, CDMC

Communication channel,HR Fire brigade Within few

hours

3 There can be a risk of people getting

injured in the process of extinguishing the fire.

Prepare first aid kits. Keep healthworkers and ambulance ready aswell


Wasiku club, ward office,CDMC

FCHV Health post Ambulance Within few

hours

47

Forest Fire ( After Disaster)


Management of resources Timeline + Budget

Internal External

1

Loss of flora and fauna

Assessment of damage and losscaused by fire.

Proper management of dead animals.

Forest management committee CDMC Human resources Technical support

Within 15 days of aforest fire.

2 Afforestation Assigning and mobilizing a

caretaker at the forest.

CDMC Ward Office Forest management committee

Human resources Committees

Technical support Plantation

Within 30 days of aforest fire.

Table 37: DRM plan regarding Epidemics in Budhanilkantha municipality, Ward 2 Epidemics due to contaminated water/ pig farming and dirt created around habitat area ( Before Disaster)



1 Unmanaged pig and chicken farming at Bhangal

Conduct awareness activities and discussionprogram at community level focusing on the farmers involved in pig farming. Concentrate the discussion over the possible diseases that can be spread by unmanaged waste.

Conduct training on managed pig farming coordinating with District Agriculture Office andother related organization.

FCHV,volunteers,CDMC

Human resources, FCHV,health post Every year

2 Wastewater from pig farming site isdirectly flown to the river which can affect public health.

Training/orientations of waste management to the pig farm owners. Awareness of sanitation to households nearby.

FCHV, CDMC Venue and human resources Ward office, health post Trainers, materials Very soon

Frequently.

Manage wastewater and solid waste properly by developing a good drainage system around those areas.

Farmers,volunteers

Municipality

Financial andtechnical supportfrom municipality

By end of 2074

Epidemics due to contaminated water/ pig farming and dirt created around habitat area ( During Disaster)

SN Major Problem and Risks Activities for disaster management Major responsibilities


1 Diseases might spread rapidly throughout the ward.

Conduct awareness activities on a disease thatcan be spread.

Awareness of possible precautions measures,maintaining health and sanitation, methods of purifying drinking water.

FCHV Health post Volunteers

Human resources IEC materials from

DPHO Health institutes

Soon after epidemics.

48

Aware community to visit hospital quickly aspossible if health conditions deteriorate.

2

Difficult to identify the source of the disease.

Negligence in number of cases anddata

Co-ordinate with DPHO for surveillance andnecessary investigation on the severity of the disease.

Document number of cases at Chapali health postand record it in ward office as well.

Health post,municipality,ward office

Health post

Technical supportandrecommendationsfrom DPHO

Soon after epidemics

3 Supply of medicines and ORS can be deficient.

Co-ordinate with DPHO and health post to supply ORS and medicines organizing camps atthe cluster level.

Conduct regular awareness activities.

Health post,municipality,ward office

Health post FCHV

ORS Medicines

Soon after epidemics anduntil the disease comes under control.

Table 38: DRM plan regarding Road Accident in Budhanilkantha municipality, Ward 2 Road accident and injuries/ death caused by RTA ( Before Disaster)

SN Major problem and risks Activities for disaster management Major responsibilities Management of resources Timeline


1 Vehicles with high speed andpedestrian are at risk at turning road of Ganesh Chowk, Bhangal.

Put signboards and warning boards to alert drivers and pedestrian ( Atturning area of Ganesh chowk andother accident possible areas)

CDMC, traffic department, ward office


Within Ashoj2074

construct speed breaker and put aconvex mirror in turns ( Ganesh chowk)

CDMC, traffic department, ward office


Within Ashoj2074

3 Motorbike accident can be seriousand life-threatening.

Prepare first aid kit, stretcher at wardoffice with all other requiredmaterials.

Keep numbers of ambulance and emergency numbers visible.

CDMC, Health post FCHV

Ward office and humanresources

Health post Materials Within Ashoj

2074

First aid training to staff of wardoffice

CDMC, Health post the ward office Red Cross society

Training assistance Within 2074

Road accident and injuries/ death caused by RTA ( During and after Disaster)

SN Major problems and risks Activities for disaster management Major responsibilities Management of resources Timeline


Delay in the treatment of victim can lead to deaths and serious injury.

Co-ordinate with family members of victim and traffic police department

CDMC Community people Community Police

Traffic police Soon after

accident

49

1 Call trained personnel and provide

first aid to victim/injured as soon aspossible.

Call ambulance and take the victimimmediately to hospital after first aid

Ward office Community FCHV First aid assistant Health post

Health post Community

Hospitals nearby (Neuro hospital and Gangalal hospital)

Soon after accident

2.3.4.5. DRM Plan of major hazard in Lalitpur Metropolitan City, Ward 8

Table 39: DRM plan regarding Earthquake in LMC, Ward 8 Earthquake ( Before Disaster)

Major Problem Activities for disaster management Major responsibilities Management of resources Timeline Internal External

The community has not preparedmaterials that are required during adisaster for a response.

Communities are dependent onoutsiders due to lack of prepositioning materials.

Preposition disaster preparednessmaterials (First Aid, Search and Rescue,Fire control, tarpaulin etc.) in each cluster of the ward and handover to representatives of the cluster.

CDMC Ward Office

Trained Human resourcesof CDMC

Budget allocated to Wardoffice.

Community buildings andschools for prepositioning materials.

Budget request to LMC. JICA, Red Cross and other

organizations.

Till end of 2074 B.S

Many human resources are trained onDRR but refresher training is not being organized. Also, they are not inregular communication with CDMC.

Refresher DRR, first aid, WASH, searchand rescue training at least every 2 years.

Formation and reformation of task groupsevery year.

CDMC. Different local

stakeholders. Small groups and clubs

in the ward. Ward officials

Human resources. Budget allocated to Ward

office.

Allocation of budget for disaster management by LMC.

GOs and NGOs for technical support on CBDRRM

End of 2074 B.S

Many partially damaged houses are risky to pedestrians and community.

In addition, street lamps are notavailable.

Demolish such houses as soon as possible with close communication between wardofficials and house owner.

Install warning boards in risky zones. Arrange street lights in such risky alleys to

minimize accidents.

CDMC Ward Office Community and

household owners.

Human resources Cluster Development

Committees

LMC and variousorganizations End of 2074 B.S

Buildings are built against building codes.

Conduct awareness programs in supportof LMC technical officials in each cluster.

Household visit, miking programsregularly to aware people on safe building construction.

CDMC Ward Office Various groups exist in

the ward

Human resources. Ward office

Technical Support fromLMC

IEC materials Till end of 2074 B.S

Most of the community buildings are not earthquake resistant while they are usually used for many purposesduring and pre-disaster.

Approach with the related agency to allocate budget for making community buildings earthquake resistant.

CDMC Ward office Ward Chairperson

Budget for making buildings earthquake resistant

Initiate from the current year 2074 B.S

People are not aware of disaster preparedness activities,

Conduct disaster awareness programsfrom ward office mobilizing community level stakeholders like mother's group.

CDMC Stakeholders of

community.

Human resources. FCHVs Child and youth groups.

Posters and Pamphlets of DRR messages from LMC Throughout the

year.

50

responsibilities and measures to minimize disaster impact.

Include DRR messages in ward level programs.

Place hoarding boards with DRRinformation at the ward.

Disseminate IEC materials at householdswith DRR messages and safe open placesin the ward.

Trained CDMC members. open spaces

and various other organizations.

Increase in haphazard urbanization atnew settlement areas of the ward.

Conduct awareness activities in new settlement areas as well.

Strictly ensure implementation of building code and regular monitor by wardofficials and monitoring team.

CDMC Cluster Development

Committees Ward officials

Monitoring team of building construction.

Monitoring from the municipality.

Regular awareness training and activities to staffs andward level monitoring team

Regularly in the year 2074 B.S

Electricity poles, lines and telephone lines are not managed properly whichcan create problem during earthquake

Approach with the related agency to properly tie and manage wires on the road to make them less risky.

Ward office Cluster Development

committees.

Cluster Developmentcommittees.

Related stakeholders andagencies

Initiate from the current year2074 B.S

Earthquake ( During Disaster)

Major Problem Activities for disaster management Major responsibilities Management of resources

Timeline Internal External

Difficulty in rescue and relief activitiesdue to the debris of collapsed housesand risk of unmanaged electric wires.

Try to remove collapse structure mobilizing local youth groups and local materials.

Seek help from government expert team.

CDMC the local community,

youth, mother groups andcommunity people.

Cluster DevelopmentCommittees.

Nepal Police, Mangalbazar. Trained member from

CDMC.

Financial support fromLMC.

Technical support fromGovernment and non - governmental organization

Immediately after disaster

Delay in rescue from Outsider.

Conduct search and rescue activitiesmobilizing youth groups and community people.

Provide first aid to victims mobilizing doctors, nurses and Health volunteers of the ward.

For further treatment carry to nearby hospitals - Patan hospital, Global hospital etc.

Trained task teams. CDMC FCHV Doctors and nurses of the

ward

Fund allocated from wardoffice for disaster.

Trained task teams.

Technical and material support.

Support from the hospital.


Historical monuments, temples,traditional resources could get affected.So, they may be lost.

Mobilize youth groups and community people for the security of those resourcesand keep them safe.

Youth groups Community volunteers

Janaheet Women's group. Yalamula Women's group. Youth groups.

Security from Nepal Police


Affected households may not have aplace to settle and unavailability of food, clothes, water and toilet.

The arrangement of temporary settlementat open spaces nearby clusters and schoolsin coordination with LMC, donors andward.

The arrangement of food, water, clothsalong with hygiene materials and toilets.

Community people Guthi Groups

Lalit Vikas School,Kutisaugal.

Shree Shanti School. Guita Damar Community themselves

Government and Non- governmentOrganizations.


51

Fire may outbreak after an earthquake if fire and electrical appliances are not off.

Inform community people to put off the fire and electrical lines at their home while staying at temporary camps.

Family member. Cluster Development

Committees

Local habitants Fire extinguisher in case of fire

As soon aspossible asdisaster

An interruption in the communication channel. So, the case of missing people and psychological disturbances in people may happen due to loss.

Collect information from family membersby volunteers in the cluster and identify missing people.

Mobilize response team of the ward. Counsel to affected families mobilizing

volunteers.

Volunteers Response Team

Community help Volunteers

Support to search and rescue if anyone ismissing

As soon aspossible asdisaster


Major problem Activities for disaster management Major responsibilities Management of resources Timeline Internal External Difficulty in passing ambulance and

other service providing vehicle due to narrow road and debris collected due to the earthquake.

Clear debris from the road mobilizing different youth groups and mother groups mobilizing.

CDMC Team, LMC and local stakeholders.

Trained members fromCDMC

Equipment and materials,training and financial support from LMC.

Within 3 to 4 weeks after disaster

Chance of transmission of water-borne diseases rapidly due to negligence insafe water and safe sanitation.

Awareness campaigns at campsmobilizing FCHV on Water Sanitation,Hygiene and Safe place.

Local youth groups and FCHV

Fund allocated from wardoffice for disaster.

Government and non- governmental organizationfor Relief package

Simultaneously with other activities of response.

Problems may increase for settlement asgovernment open spaces are very limited.

Proper planning for camp managementin available spaces.

Support and aware displacedcommunities mobilizing community volunteers and various groups in the community.

Cluster DevelopmentCommittees

Various groups Human resources

Relief materials and other supports from variousNGOs and INGOs.

NRCS Nepal Police

After 2 weeksof disaster

Poor and marginalized communities may not be able to reconstruct houses soon so due to economic condition.

The arrangement of settlements for certain time at open spaces nearby.

Support affected vulnerable HHs to access subsidy provided by the government.

Co-ordinate local cooperative companiesto provide house loan in low interest.

Ward office,municipality, CDMC

Volunteers Co-operatives

open spaces Local finances and

cooperatives

Materials, financial supports


Stockpile materials may get missed Aftershocks may repeat. So, learning

from recent disaster and identifying gapsis necessary.

Discuss with local stakeholders of the ward and maintain proper logistic.

Note learnings from each and every group.

Conduct most important training like first aid, search and rescue etc. to minimize further disaster effects.

CDMC Ward officials volunteers

Communication and co-ordination from CDMC.

Co-operation fromstakeholders andcommunity.

Advice and training fromLMC and other organizations.


52

Table 40: DRM Plan regarding Fire in LMC, Ward 8 Fire ( Before Disaster)


Probability in leakage of Gas fromgas cylinder used in the kitchen andmay cause a fire.

Electricity and electronicappliances are used in every household and carelessness while using it can cause a fire.

Conduct awareness programs on the safe use of gas cylinders, electric appliancesetc mobilizing mother's group.

Respected Tole Development Committees.

CDMC. Elected ward committee

members. Youth and mother groups. Ward Office

Human resources. Fire Extinguisher in ward

office. Ponds and wells. Arrange fund from ward office

Expert humanresources.

More advanced equipment to control fire.

NRCS and other organizations.

Narrow alleys and compact housesat Chalchhen, Yalamul,Yangubahal areas of the ward canblock ambulances to serve.

Also unmanaged and uncoveredwires around that area are making riskier.

Install hose pipe through narrow alleys of Chalchhen, Yalamul, Yangubahal to putoff fire where fire brigades are notaccessible.

CDMC. Ward Office Cluster Development

Committees.

Budget request from wardoffice

Support from local community

The budget for installing pipes.

Materials

Start process from 2074 B.S

The community is not adequately aware of preventive and control measures of fire.

Accidents may happen by children while playing and can be cause for the fire.

Conduct household level awareness for preventive measures of fire and conducttraining for firefighting.

Practical training to put off a fire at the household level.


Committees.


Support from local community

Budget and trainer for conducting firefighting training. In 2074 B.S

The community is not prepared for materials for controlling fire.

Store water to use during an emergency in few of the water tanks available in the ward.

Place a fire extinguisher in clusters of the ward.


Committees JICA and ENPHO


Support from local community Plan implementing budget

from JICA and ENPHO

Addition support frommunicipality End of 2074 B.S.

Fire ( During Disaster)


Timeline Internal External Fire may spread to nearby houses

because houses are joint to eachother.

Eliminate combustible and inflammable materials from houses nearby as soon aspossible.

Local youth groups.

Human resources. Fire extinguisher

Fire brigade. Expert. Immediately

Narrow alleys and compact housesin core areas of the ward can blockambulances to serve.

Use available water sources to put off the fire.

Collect water available nearby Start putting off fire together by the

community. Call municipal level expert and fire

brigade.

Local youth groups. CDMC Trained people of

community

Human resources. Fire extinguisher

Fire brigade. Expert. Immediately

53

Table 41: DRM plan regarding Epidemics in LMC, Ward 8 Epidemic ( Before Disaster)

Major Problem Activities for disaster management Major responsibilities Management of resources Timeline Internal External The community is drinking

water neglecting water purification and may cause illness.

Conduct awareness activities on solid waste management, safe water and sanitation including one participant from each household every 3months mobilizing mother's group, child group and youth groups, THP

CDMC and tole health Promoter (THP)

Human resources,(FCHVs)

Financial support and technical support fromDPHO and LMC and Private Hospitals

Before rainy season

Wastes are not managedwithin ward and increase inpollution.

Conduct awareness programs every 3 months. Involve members of every family.

CDMC and tole health Promoter (THP)

Human resources,(FCHVs)

Financial support and technical support fromDPHO and LMC and Private Hospitals

Before rainy season

Unmanaged slaughter centresat Lolha

Aware owners of slaughterhouse to keep it in safe place and keep it clean

CDMC FCHVs

Human resources, (FCHVs)

Epidemic (During Disaster)



Difficult to identify particular area of contamination.

Mobilize volunteers for the assessment. Train community on safe drinking water and

sanitation regularly.

CDMC Female Community Health

VolunteersVolunteers and THP of LMC.

Well trained (FCHV) Human Resources. Pharmacies in the

ward.Ward clinic

Technical support from DPHO and Public health Department of LMC.

Immediately

Loss of property and may be ahuman casualty as well.

Help to shift victims and physical materials in safe place as soon as possible using local materials and human resources.

Rescue people if they are trapped. Support and counselling by neighbour

and relatives

Neighbors and relatives Rescuers. Support from neighbours Police and army Immediately

Fire ( After Disaster)

Major problem Activities for disaster management Major responsibilities Management of resources


Loss of settlement Arrange safe temporary settlement to

the victim in nearby community building.

CDMC and Ward office.

Neighbors

Human resources(Communities)

Financial support Temporary shelter.

Extra aid for victim -Within one week

Loss of food and property. Arrange fund for victim's living from

ward and community Manage food for affected families with

help of the community.

CDMC and Ward office.

Neighbors Food items. Response materials and

fund for reconstructionJust after an accident happens.

54

Diseases can get transmittedquickly if measures are nottaken in time.

Mobilization of mobile health camps in affected areas.

Distribute chlorinated water in affected areas andsurrounding community.

CDMC Female Community Health

Volunteers Volunteers and THP of LMC.

Well trained (FCHV) Human Resources. Pharmacies in the

ward. Ward clinic

Technical support andmedicines support fromDPHO and Public healthDepartment of LMC.

Immediately

Epidemic (After Disaster)

Major problem Activities for disaster management Major responsibilities Management of resources


The same problem may repeatif negligence is done onsanitation

Continue awareness activities on safe drinking water, sanitation and solid waste management.

Tole Sudhar Committee.(community development committee).

Community Disaster Managementcommittee.

THP, FCHVDPHO

Human resources Material and technical

support from DPHO andPublic Health Department, LMC

Quickly after epidemics

Financial crises may affectlow-income community people.

Conduct income based activities in the community.

Store Oral Rehydration Solutions and other basic medicines in ward clinic as per need.

Tole Sudhar Committee.(community development committee).

Community Disaster Managementcommittee.

THP, FCHV DPHO

Human resources Material and technical

support from DPHO andPublic Health Department, LMC

Quickly after epidemics

Table 42: DRM Plan regarding Road Accident in LMC, Ward 8 Road Accident ( Before Disaster)


Excessive speed of vehicle. Most of the roads are under

construction, narrow and muddy.

Build Speed controlling block on road.(from Sundhara to chalche)

Ward office and relatedTole Developmentcommittee.

Human resources

Finical and technical supportfrom LMC.

Financial support and collaboration with associated government offices form wardoffice.

2074/Chaitra

Road Accident (During Disaster)

Major Problem Activities for disaster management Major responsibilities Management of resources Timeline Internal External If any accidents happen, the quick

rescue couldn't be possible. Quick communication with family and

hospital could be difficult.

Contact ambulance of nearby hospital. Give first aid to the victim with help of

THP available near the accident spot.

Traffic Police Police. Community

Human resources. Clinics and medical

centres nearby accident area.

First aider and ambulance Immediately

55

Road Accident (After Disaster)


Difficulty in identifying family members of the victim.

Try to connect families and friend. a report in Police station.

Traffic. Police Civilian

Human resource Police and traffic to further investigate the case

Within 5 days of the incident.

2.3.4.6. DRM Plan of major hazard in Bhaktapur Municipality, Ward 3 Table 43: DRM plan regarding Earthquake in Bhaktapur Municipality, Ward 3

Earthquake (Before Disaster)

S.N Major problem Activities for disaster management Major responsibilities Resource management Time line Internal External

1 Damaged, Cracked and collapse household

Household assessment of Dumalacha, Dhyonani, Kaminani, Munani, Durbar area, Nasmana, Ghatkha and Kolachhen

Ward office, Neighbors Trained mason, ward office, cooperatives Technical Within 2075 B.S

Motivate and help the victim for reconstruction through coordinating with ward office and Municipality

2 House constructed without following National disaster building code

Awareness activities related to National disaster building code and earthquake resistance building (documentary and dramashow) at different chowks (Nasmana chowk, Khauma Chowk,Thathucha Chowk, Kolachhen, Near Tekhapuku, Lachhicha, Tekhacho, Ghatkha, Dumalacha, Degamana)

FCHVs, ward office Human resources, different youth groups, mason

Trainer or technical Within 2075 B.S

Distributing posters and flyers related to the information National disaster building code to local people of ward no. 3

Conduct training on retrofitting and mason to the youth of wardno. 3

3 Lack of trained human resources on Search and rescue and First Aid

Conduct training in coordination with related stakeholders onsearch and rescue and First Aid (2-3 youth people of each tole)

Ward office, Red Cross, Space/Hall to conduct training, Human resources

Financial support and trainer/technical

Within 2075 B.S Safely placed the collected trained people name list and contact

number in ward office Organize refreshment training a Search and Rescue training and

First Aid training to previously trained participants as per needor once in a year

4

Unmanaged arrangement of flower pots and water tank on the top of the roof/ houses (Tekhacho pati, ward office roof, building of siddhi Ganesh, private building)

Awareness activities like discussion within women groups,publishing notice by ward office to remove flower pot and water tank

Door to Door awareness and documentary show (Nasmanachowk, Bansagopal chowk, Durbar area) related to disasters

Ward office, FCHVs Human resource Before Dashain

56

5

Sufficient amount of water but lack of dug well conservation and no proper use of dug well water during disasters

Covering the mouth of well ( well near to Malla house, Dumalacha, kaminani, Tekhacho, Mulakhu, Aagan Dhyochen,) and fitting the filter to purify dug well water(Bansagopal,Dhyonani Dumalacha, Tekhacho, Kaminani)

Organize cleaning campaign at different toles of ward 3 as per need in coordination within toles and ward office

Ward office, community members

Human resource, materials to clean the dug wells

Filters for well water purification, Technical, Financial support

In 2075 B.S

6 Lack of materials for search and rescue, WASH and First aid during disasters

Prepositioning emergency stockpiles materials for search and rescue, WASH and first aid at Manandhar Guthi Ghar, GhatkhaDafha building, Red Star Club of Kolachhen, Barahi pithbuilding, ward office of ward no. 3 and former ward office of ward no. 13

Ward office

Availability of place for stockpile emergency materials, Human resource

Stockpile materials and financial support

In 2075 B.S

7 Not removing debris from alleyways ( Jyakhwo house at Tekhacho and Malla house at Bansagopal)

Request to Malla and Jyakhwo house owner to remove debrisfrom ward office Ward office, Malla and

Jyakhwo house members Human resource Vehicle, technical Before Dashain

Giving pressure to remove debris from ward office/Bhaktapur Municipality

8 CDMC is not formed yet Formation of CDMC in coordination with ward office and Municipality

Ward office/ ward chairperson Human resources

Resources person from municipality

In 2075 B.S

9 Difficult/problem in safe evacuation due to alleyways and unmanaged or dense settlement,

Conduct informative activities on open space /safe evacuationthrough documentary show, door to door visit, drama (open space-Durbar area, Nasmana, Padhma School, Thathucha Chowk,Degamana Barahi pith, Future Star School, Malach, Agricultural land near to Malacha)

Ward office and FCHVs, Youth club Human resource

Technical and required materials for cleaning campaign

In 2075 B.S

Install hoarding board of safe evacuation route and alternative way in different chowk (lachichha Chowk, Kolachhen, Ichhu, Dumalacha, Kaminani, Dhyonani, Munani Bansagopal, Khauma Chowk, Nasmana chowk)

Conduct cleaning campaign to conserve the open space of Padhma school ground/Mahendra Park and public toilet of Dole and Ichhu

Aware community people to construct earthquake resistance building and follow the building code while reconstructing the building by mobilizing engineers

10 Lack of disaster preparedness and awareness activities

Conduct awareness activities on disaster preparedness, ‘GO BAG’ and its use in every tole and community people of Ward 3

FCHs, Ward office, Youth groups and every HHs Human resource

Materials to make GO BAG and technical

Within one month Motivate and inspire the community people to prepare Go Bag in

every household and gather the ongoing information of remaining ward of Bhaktapur Municipality

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Earthquake (During Disaster)


1

Blockage of alleyways by debris and lack of trained community search and rescuer and Frist Aider for immediate action (Dumalacha, Kaminani, Tekhacho Galli)

Use of identified alternative way (Khauma, Ichhu, Tekhacho) incase of blockage

Ward office and Red Cross Human resource

Army, police, required materials for CSAR and FA, Ambulance

Immediate

Gathering trained human resource at Bansagopal Chowk andmobilize them for Search and rescue and First aid

Provide FA to the injured people through Ajima WasaPasa/trained the first aider by installing camp

Arrangement of ambulance or stretcher for injured people for treatment at Bhaktapur Hospital

2 No proper use of entire open space

Arranging temporary settlement at open space (Durbar area, Nasmana Chowk, Padhma School, Gyan Tata School, Thathucha Chowk, Degamana Chowk, Khauma Chowk, Barahi pith) andaware community people about open space through miking

Ward office and community people Open space

Tarpaulin and other require materials to construct temporary shelter

Immediate

3 Lack of WASH facilities in temporary settlement which may spread epidemics

Constructing emergency/temporary latrine using locally available materials (like used tarpaulin sheet, Bamboo, CGI sheets) attemporary settlement area

Ward office, community people Public toilet, well

Filter, water tank, tarpaulin, financial support, technical

Within a week

Using public toilet of Padhma school and dole by cleaning andensuring the availability of materials like soap, water, harpic and others to clean toilet

Awareness activities on water purification, handwashing withsoap, waste management, proper use of toilet etc. at temporary settlement area (Durbar area, Nasmana Chowk, Padhma School,Gyan Tata School, Thathucha Chowk, Degamana Chowk,Khauma Chowk, Barahi pith)

4 Problem on distribution of relief materials

Allocating specific open space for relief materials (Premises of Padhma School)

Ward office and clubs Ward office, different youth groups and human resources

Relief materials and different organization

Immediate Distribute the relief materials only by coordinating ward office

and community clubs

Distributing equal amount relief materials and monitoring of distributed relief materials



1 Shortage of food Doing assessment and monitoring of food vendors of Bansagopal

market and distribute relief to the community people living intemporary settlement

Ward office and community people

Bansagopal market, human resources

Relief materials Immediate

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2 Shortage of safe drinking water

Awareness activities on water purification to community people living in temporary shelter (Durbar area, Nasmana Chowk,Padhma School, Gyan Tara School, Thathucha Chowk,Degamana Chowk, open space of Khauma, Barahi pith) anddistributing filter/chlorine to purify water

Ward office, FCHVs and youth group

Well, pond, public taps

Municipality, drinking water authority Immediate

3 Unmanaged distribution of medicines

Allocating specific space (Malacha, Tekhapukhu, Future Star School, Padhma School, Durbar area, Barahi pith) to distribute medicine as per need through FCHVs

Ward office, FCHVs, medical stores

Ward office, FCHVs,

Bhaktapur hospital, Red Cross, Medicines, Ministry of Health

Immediate

4 Difficulty for community people in movement and transportation due to debris

Removing debris in coordination with ward office andcommunity people using locally available tools/materials

Ward office and community members

Youth group, human resource and locally available materials

Municipality, army, district police 1 to 2 week

5 Fear of spreading epidemics

Activities on cleaning campaign (drainage, public toilet, taps andwell) water purification, importance and use of toilet and waste management

Ward office and FCHVs Human resources

Dustbin, financial support, IECs for awareness activities

Within a month Awareness activities related to WASH for mitigating epidemics

through miking at temporary settlement

Installing dustbin in different places in coordination with wardoffice

Cleaning campaign at public music of Dole and Ichhu

6 Fear of robbery

Managed security in each temporary settlement in coordinationwith ward office and district police

Ward office and youth clubs

Human resources, ward office

Security, district police, lights Alerting community people on robbery through miking

Arranging light in different places

7 Lack of knowledge on open space and required materials for constructing temporary shelter

Informing identified open space before disaster to the community people

Ward office Human resource, ward office

Tarpaulin and other required materials to construct temporary shelter and financial support

Immediate

Constructing temporary shelter using tarpaulin and other locally available materials in coordination with ward office

Table 44: DRM Plan regarding Flood in Bhaktapur Municipality, Ward 3 Flood (Before Disaster)

S.N Major problem Activities for disaster management Major responsibilities Resource management

Time line Internal External

1 Hanumante River becoming narrow

Determine penalty for encroachment of Hunumante Riverbank and wide the river

Time to time monitoring of Hunumante river by representative of Municipality and ward office

Ward office Human resource and ward office

Municipality and Financial support Within 2074

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Prohibit to throw waste near the bank of the Hanumante River

Construct retaining wall across the Hanumante river bank.Flood (During Disaster)



1 Difficulty in transportation/movement from alleyways

Aware community people to use identified alternative way of transportation

Inform community member about flood area throughmiking in coordination with ward office.

Damaged assessment of flood area in coordination withMunicipality and Ward office.

Ward office Human resource Technical support and volunteers for assessment

Immediately

2 Loss of human, agricultural crops and property

Immediate search of water outlet to reduce water level of agricultural land

Prohibit the movement of community people near to floodarea.

Ward office, landowner Human resource Municipality Immediately

3 Gyan Tara School, Future Star School and Glitter Star School drown due to flood

Gyan Tara School, Future Star School and Glitter Star School remain closed for few days

Prohibit the movement of community people and studentsnear to the Gyan Tara School, Future Star School, andGlitter Star School during the flood.

Principals of Gyan Tara School, Future Star School and Glitter Star School, Ward office

Teachers and community people near to schools

Municipality Immediately

Flood (After Disaster )



1 Difficulty for community people in movement through water/mud logging near to Hanumante river

Remove mud/water and managed it with support of community people in coordination with Municipality andWard office

Use identified alternative way

Ward office and community people

Resource person to remove collected mud and required materials/tools

Vehicle to carry debris

2

Gyan Tara School, Future Star School and Glitter Star School has to remain closed due to Mud and water inside the classroom

Manage to run classes from 1st floor of school building In coordination with Municipality and ward, remove water

and mud from the classes

School principals and SMC Schools and Teachers

Human resources and required materials to remove debris

3 Possibility to spread epidemics due to the turbid unsafe water

Raise awareness regarding purification of water (WASH) by mobilizing FCHVs to HHs of ward no. 3 which are near to Hanumante river

FCHVs, ward office FCHVs Required materials for Hhs awareness

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Table 45: DRM Plan regarding Fire in Bhaktapur Municipality, Ward 3 Fire (Before Disaster)

S.N Major problem Activities for disaster management Major responsibilities

Resource management Time line Internal External

1 Unmanaged and naked wires and poles from Degamana to Bansagopal

Contact with ward office and different service provider (Nepal electricity authority, Nepal telecom, and cabal channel and cabal channel company) to manage the wire.

Ward office Ward office Nepal Electricity Authority office Immediately

2 Use of date expired cooking gas cylinder and negligence while using cooking gas cylinder

Mass awareness activities on the proper and safe use of cooking gas cylinder and stove to the community people in differentchowks of the ward.

Coordinating with cooking Gas cylinder distributor of Bhaktapur through ward office to request- distribute a cylinder after rechecking the expiry date of the cylinder.

Ward office Ward office Immediately

3 Lack of trained human resource on firefighting and required material to control fire

Conduct training on firefighting to youth clubs, other community members in coordination with ward office and I/NGO

Storage of required materials for fire control( Pipe, fire extinguisher, water pump, bucket, jug, shovel and many more) atdifferent location of ward (Dumalacha, Degamana, Kolachhen, Dhyonani and Ichhu Galli)

Ward office Ward office Human Resources

Fire extinguisher Financial and facilitator

4 Negligence while cooking in tradition stove

Mobilization of volunteers in each tole, groups, schools of ward-3to discuss on management of fire and fire control in coordinationwith ward office

Install fire extinguisher in different location (lachhicha, PadhmaSchool, Bal Mandir School, Mega School, Gyan Tara School,Barahi pith, Ward office building, Dumalacha, Manadhar GuthiBuilding, Nasmana and Kolachhe tole ) for fire control andconduct training on importance and use of fire extinguisher

Ward office Human Resource, Ward Office

Fire Extinguisher, Financial support, Training and trainer

Fire (During Disaster)



1 Lack of trained human resources and sufficient water to control fire

Inform/call the fire control office by community members Use near and accessible water resources of ward like well, Stone

Tap, River and pond of Tekhapukhu, Dumapukhu and Bhandarpukhu Mangal Kunda

Community members, Ward office

Pond, well, public taps, river and Human resource

Fire brigade, trained human resource for fire control

Immediately

Fire (After Disaster)



1 Lack of management of debris Mobilization of volunteers to managed debris Coordination with Municipality for vehicles to cleared scattered

debris

Community members and youth club

Human resources

vehicle, helmet, pick, shovel and financial support

Immediately after 1 or 2 days

2 Problem for settlement and foods due to physical, structural and human damaged

Managed required relief materials (for settlement and food) incoordination with ward office and Municipality

Managed basic needs of victim family by neighbours

Ward office and community people Ward office Relief materials,

financial support, Immediately

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: Outline of 1-Day Workshop on Prioritization of Disaster Risk Management Plan After the formulation of draft Ward level DRM plan in the previous workshop, 1-Day Workshop on Prioritization of Disaster Risk Management Plan under ERAKV project was conducted to prioritize and finalize DRR activities for its implementation. The workshop was conducted at 3 pilot municipalities in different dates and venues as tabulated below:

Table 46: Date and venue of the workshop


Budhanilkantha Municipality 20th August 2017 G7 Café, Budhanilkantha Lalitpur Metropolitan City 22nd August, 2017 Ambience 365 Restaurant, Lalitpur Bhaktapur Municipality 18th September, Hotel Sweet Home, Bhaktapur

2.4.1. The main objectives of workshop

The overall objectives of the workshop are to prioritize the DRR plan developed by the community. The major specific objectives of the workshop were as follows

To share findings of vulnerability and capacity assessment including VCA data, DRRmap for the final edit.

To update DRM plans that were prepared during the second workshop. To prioritize the plans for formulation under ERAKV project.


Overall 25-30 community participants participated in each workshop at 3 municipalities including the representative from Ward office, Community Disaster Management Committee (CDMC), Female Health Community Volunteers (FCHVs), Schools/Colleges, Cooperatives and different community groups and local Clubs.




Chettri Dalit

Budhanilkantha Municipality 21 11 12 7 16 0 4

Lalitpur Metropolitan City

28 20 4 31 3 0 6


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2.4.3. Agenda for the Third workshop:

1-Day workshop on Prioritization of Disaster Risk Management plan was conducted with the major following agendas

CBDRRM activities conducted at each pilot wards Importance and future expectations for sustainable CBDRRM activities in

communities. The objective of the project and module of the workshop. Sharing of data collected, maps and DRM Plan made in previous workshops. Interaction and discussions on data, map and DRM plan. Prioritization of DRM plans for formulation.

2.4.4. Major Session and Group activity/Discussion

The workshop was more focused on group activities and discussion to revise and prioritize DRM plan of each 3 pilot wards. After sharing information and data collected in previous workshops regarding HVCA data, DRM plan, DRR carte and DRR map, participants were divided into 3 groups with a team leader to revise data and prioritized DRM plan of each ward. The prioritized and proposed implementing DRM plan in each pilot wards were as tabulated below:

Table 48: Prioritized DRM plan of the pilot wards

Pilot Municipalities Prioritized plan for implementation

Budhanilkantha Municipality, Ward 2

1. Prepositioning of Disaster response materials especially for camps,rescue and first aid.

2. To conduct training/Orientation on Earthquake Disaster RiskManagement to CDMC members, Stakeholders, Social leaders,Teachers and Students.

3. To identify and develop a map of open spaces, capacities andvulnerabilities and establishment as hoarding boards.

4. To set up Landslide Hazards Signs and Symbols in landslide-proneareas.

5. To construct bridge junction of Dhobi Khola and Jhamle Khola(Panchakanya Mandir/Way to BMCA school)

6. To construct shed at Kalika Chaur with the purpose to use during adisaster as a temporary shelter.

7. Establishment of emergency fund.


1. Arrange a fire extinguisher in each Tole and organize firefightingtraining to generate response team within the ward.

2. Storage of disaster response and relief materials like tarpaulins,ropes, rescue and first aid equipment near ward office.

3. Demolish and clear partially damaged and about to collapsebuildings due to earthquake 2072 as soon as possible withcommunity participation and support of municipality.

4. Protect available water sources, reservoir tanks and open spaces ofthe ward, even if it is not in use. Cover and clean wells and openspaces at the ward.

5. Sensitize community on safe building and building codes of themunicipality and organize awareness activities for disaster

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preparedness in the community (schools, various groups and stakeholders.)

6. Form response and first aid team with ward and train them.7. Establish Disaster/Emergency fund in the ward.


1. Prepositioning of emergency materials (Tarpaulin sheet, rope,shovel, helmet, medicines, and first aid materials) nearby Barahitemple.

2. To setup fire extinguisher in each tole and to form fire controlcommittee and orient them.

3. To renovate existing damaged public toilet as per requirement.4. To install dustbins in every corner of the ward to manage wastes.5. To reform community disaster management committee.6. To protect existing water sources and open spaces of the ward.7. To determine the penalty for encroachment of Hunumante

Riverbank and to construct retaining wall across the bank.

Follow-up Activities

After the completion of all the community level workshop, Ward Level DRM Plan and DRR Map were finalized through the result of discussion in series of meeting at all three pilot ward. Prepositioning of emergency materials was marked as a top priority DRR activity among different DRM plan for the implementation in all three wards. So, list of emergency materials and area for stockpile were finalized through follow-up meeting with respective ward office, CDMC members and community leaders in each pilot ward.

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Implementation and Handover of Ward Level DRRM Plan and Emergency Stockpile Materials

After the series of workshops and follow-up meetings, ward level DRM plan of all 3 pilot municipalities was finalized in which different DRR plans were prioritized. Among the several prioritized DRR activities, prepositioning emergency materials in the community was marked as a top priority DRR activities in all three pilot wards. It is one of the important components of the disaster risk reduction management program to contribute to creating disaster resilient community. A stockpile of emergency materials is concerned with a disaster preparedness activity and uses of the materials during disaster helps to respond the community immediately. In the aftermath of Gorkha Earthquake, it is witnessed that community people are the first responder during a disaster. Response and relief from outsiders cannot be assisted immediately in the affected area. In that case, community people can use stockpile materials for responding their respective community for a time being when responses from outside are delayed. Therefore, ERAKV project supported the community to stockpile emergency materials of worth Nrs 5,00,000/-. The list of emergency stockpile materials of all their pilot wards are tabulated below:

Table 49: List of Emergency stockpile materials at Budhanilkantha Municipality, Ward 2 S.N Materials Specifications Unit Quantity 1 Adjustable wrench 10 inch Nos 2

2 Aluminum Ladder Multipurpose aluminium with sliding 12 ft length Nos 2

3 Axe Fireman Axe with Long Wooden Handle 2,8kg Nos 10

4 Carabiner Carabiner heavy (hold weight to 150 kg) Nos 6 5 Crowbar 5-6 ft length 1" Diameter Pcs 4 6 Disposable mask Medical mask Box 1 7 Emergency Light Rechargeable with solar panel and LED Pcs 8 8 Figure 8 Nos 4 9 Fire Extinguisher Good quality, 4 kg ABC type Pcs 10 10 Hammer weight 3 kg, with handle Pcs 2 11 Harness Pcs 2 12 Hoe Digging Iron Hoe 1.2 Kg with handle Nos 8 13 Mask Dust protection 3 layer Nos 8

14 Megaphone 25 w megaphone with siren & mp3 player Nos 2

15 Metal cutting scissor Tin Cutter 10 " length rubber grip Pcs 5

16 Nylon Rope

size : 6 mm 25 m per pc heavy duty strong braided polypropylene nylon rope

Roll 2

17 Pick Pickax with wooden handle 1.7 Kg Pcs 8 18 Plastic bucket 15 ltr. (with lid and tap) Nos 10 19 Plastic Mug 1ltr Nos 20 20 Portable Generator 1KVA Nos 1 21 Portable Tent Nos 1

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22 Prybar 5-6 ft. length 1" Diameter Pcs 4 23 Pulley Single Chain pulley 2 ton Nos 1 24 PVC Flexible Pipe 1-inch dia. rolled piped (Flexible) Roll 3

25 Raincoat for human resources Good quality Nos 8

26 Safety Whistle Fox 40 Forton Nos 8 27 Shovel Heavy Duty with steel handle Pcs 10 28 Static Rope Good Quality Meter 200

29 Stretcher Emergency stretcher/Folding with standard size Pcs 3

30 Tarpaulin sheet 180 gsm in roll

Pre-waterproof-tarpaulins (indiamart.com ) 180 gram/cm3, 50 meter per roll

Rolls 3

31 Tarpaulin sheet 250 gsm Pe-waterproof-tarpaulins 250 gram/cm3 Nos 30 32 Toilet Pan Fiber Pan (20"*18", 1.5 kg) with syphon Nos 25 33 Tool Kit Box Metal box toolkit Nos 1 34 Water pump Good quality, Genuine 1.5 HP Nos 1 35 Wheel Barrow Single front wheel with standard size Nos 5 36 Working boot Boot with steel toe (Size 40, 42, 44) Pairs 8

37 Working Gloves Long one 15" to 18" in length, heavy duty nos 8

38 Working helmet Medium quality hardcover yellow and red colour ( size 540 mm to 590 mm) Pcs 8

Table 50: List of Emergency stockpile materials at Lalitpur Metropolitan City, Ward 8

S.N Materials Specification Unit Quantity 1 Crow Bar Nos 10 2 Fire Extinguisher Good quality, 4 Kg in weight Pcs 20

3 Hydraulic Jack 2 Ton hydraulic bottle jack 4000lb lift heavy duty Nos 10

4 Ladder 8 ft. Stool type ladder -Aluminum Made Pcs 10

5 Metal Cutting Scissor Good quality Pcs 10

6 Nylon Rope (6 mm size) 25 m per pc


Roll 20

7 Pick Tata/Ludra Heavy Duty with handle Nos 20 8 Shovel Heavy Duty with steel handle Nos 20 9 Stretcher Emergency stretcher/Folding with standard size Nos 10

10 Tarpaulin sheet 250 gsm

Pe-waterproof-tarpaulins(indiamart.com ) 250 gram/cm3 (4m x 6m) Pcs 100

Table 51: List of Emergency stockpile materials at Bhaktapur Municipality, Ward 3 S.N Materials Specifications Unit Quantity

1 Aluminum Ladder Multipurpose aluminium with sliding 12 ft. length Nos 4

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2 Aluminum Ladder 8 ft. Stool type ladder -Aluminum Made Nos 2 3 Crowbar 5'-6" length 1" Diameter Pcs 10 4 Emergency Light Rechargeable with solar panel and LED Pcs 20 5 Fire Extinguisher Good quality, 4 kg ABC type Pcs 30

6 Fire Extinguisher Safety Box Metal box for 6 kg fire extinguisher with transparent front glass and lock Pcs 9

7 Hammer weight 5 kg, with handle Pcs 4 8 Hammer weight 3 kg, with handle Pcs 6 9 Mask Dust Protection 3 layers Nos 8 10 MegaPhone 25 w megaphone with siren & mp3 player Nos 2 11 Metal cutting scissor Tin Cutter 10 " length rubber grip Pcs 4

12 Nylon Rope


Roll 2

13 Pick Pickax with wooden handle 1.5 Kg Pcs 20 14 Prybar 5'-6" length 1" Diameter Pcs 10 15 PVC Flexible Pipe 1-inch dia. rolled piped (Flexible) Roll 3 16 Shovel Heavy Duty with steel handle Pcs 30

17 Stretcher Emergency stretcher/Folding with standard size Pcs 10

18 Tin Box Size (6ft length x 2.5 ft. width x 3ft height) Nos 2

19 Toolkit Set of toolkit equipment with box Nos 1

20 Water Gumboot Gumboot without steel toe (Size 40, 42, 44) Pairs 15

21 Water pump Good quality, Genuine 1 HP Nos 2 22 Wheel Barrow Single front wheel with standard size Nos 6 23 Working Boot Gumboot with steel toe (Size 40, 42, 44) Pairs 15 24 Working Gloves made of Leather Pairs 60

25 Working helmet Medium quality hardcover yellow and red colour ( size 540 mm to 590 mm) Pcs 60

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After implementing prioritized DRM plan, a formal handover program was conducted in different dates and venues at pilot municipalities as mention in below table.

Table 52: Date, Venue and other details of the handover program

Budhanikantha Municipality, Ward 2



Date 19th December 2017 21st December 2017 17th December 2017

Venue Chapali Health Post, Budhanilkantha Municipality

Community building (Pinchhen), Lalitpur Municipality

Hotel Sweet Home, Bhaktapur Municipality

Chief Guest

Mr. Uddhav Kharel, Mayor, Budhanilkantha Municipality

Ms. Gita Satyal, Deputy Mayor, Lalitpur Metropolitan City.

Mr. Sunil Prajapati, Mayor, Bhaktapur Municipality

Guests

Ms. Miki Kodama, CBDRRexpert, ERAKV project,JICA

Mr. Apil KC, Consultant,ERAKV Project

Mr. Harish ChandraLamichanne, SeniorEngineer, LalitpurMteropolitan City

Mr. Prashanna ManPradhan, Senior DRRManager, ENPHO

Ms. Miki Kodama,CBDRR expert, ERAKVproject, JICA


Mr. Kenpei Kojika, JICA,Deputy Team Leader,ERAKV Project.

Mr. Rajendra Shrestha,Outreach Director,ENPHO

Ms. Miki Kodama,CBDRR expert, ERAKVproject, JICA


Chair person

Mr. Rajendra Khadka, Ward Chairperson, Budhanilkantha Municipality-2

Mr. Hem Maharjan, Ward Chariperson, Lalitpur Metropolitan City-8

Mr. Raj Krishna Gora, Ward Chairperson, Bhaktapur Municipality-3

The Ward Level Disaster Risk Reduction Management Plan was handed over by Chief Guest in a respective ward. Likewise, Handover certificate of emergency materials was handed over by guest from JICA and Operation and Maintenance Manual was handed over by the guest of ENPHO. The program was conducted in the participants of community people representing local clubs, FCHV, members of CDMC, fire control team, school teachers, women group etc. Around 50-60 community people were participated in the program in each ward. The resource person from Nepal Red Cross Society conducted the orientation and practical session on emergency materials and fire response before the formal handover program using Fire Extinguisher.

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Feedback and Suggestion from participants

Collective Feedbacks and recommendations collected from Municipal Level CBDRRM Training The major feedbacks and recommendations form the participants are as follows.

The contents of the training were very advantageous and suitable but were not able tocatch all these contents in 3 days period.

The training would be more effective and fruitful if we had time for a practical sessionon VCA rather than more theory and lectures.

Thanks to organizers and we would like to request again this type of training withmore practical sessions.

The overall management, facilitation, and content part went well except tiresome tightschedule.

Collective Feedbacks and recommendations collected from Community Workshops

Workshops Positive feedbacks Constructive Feedbacks

1st Workshop LMC, Ward 8 Bhaktapur Ward 3 Budhanilkantha Ward 2

The workshop has providedlots of information regardingthe disaster. The organizer teamhas helped us to identifyvulnerabilities and capacities ofour community throughdifferent tools.

We have known disasterhistory of our community aswell and we have identifiedmany vulnerabilities andcapacities.

We are very happy that ourward is selected as a workingarea of the project.

Through this project, we gotinformation on disaster,hazards, risk andvulnerabilities. We found manyvulnerabilities and capacitiesduring the workshop some ofwhich, were not identifiedbefore.

I would like to thank theproject for making us capable

The duration of the workshopwas very short. If we havemore days, I think, we cancome up with lots ofvulnerabilities and capacitiesof our community.

The project should not belimited to Ward 2 but it shouldbe implemented in all thewards of the municipality.Thank you.”

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to identify existing risks, vulnerabilities and capacities of our community.

2nd Workshop LMC, Ward 8 Bhaktapur Ward 3 Budhanilkantha Ward 2

"During town watching, werealized that ward 8 is full ofhazards and can turn intodisaster anytime. So, the 2 -day workshop is very crucialfor our ward."

"This community-basedprogram has helped us to findvital disaster causing aspects inour own toles (cluster) andcommunities and it's even greatto initiate the formulation ofrisk mitigation plans."

"We are grateful towardsorganizers for selecting theward for piloting and felt itsnecessity at other neighbourwards too."

We are very thankful to theJICA team for selecting ourward as a project area. If wereally tend to make ourcommunity a disaster resilient,we still need to be capacitatedon response skills like first aid,search and rescue, firefighting.Therefore, we are reallyhopeful for such capacityenhancement training.”

"The workshop had manyobjectives and activities butwe felt rush. The time limitcaused confusion so, very fewplans were made."

"We sensed difficulty indeveloping a plan. We mayneed more sensitization andtime to get SMART DRMplan."

"It's great if plans made couldbe implemented at field level."

3rd WorkshopLMC, Ward 8Bhaktapur Ward 3BudhanilkanthaWard 2

The project completedactivities in stepwise. So, it waseasier to understand.

The workshop contributed tothe aware community as well.

The workshop directlysupported to develop DRMplan of the community

Town watching and communityobservation have madeworkshops more effective.

The output of the workshopwould be more effective ifleaders of the communitycould manage time for theworkshop.

Time schedule of theworkshop was short incomparison to contents of theworkshop.

There would be support forCBDRRM activities of the

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We got to learn about hazards,risks, capacities andvulnerabilities in ourcommunity during 3 workshopsconducted by JICA andENPHO team, now we are alsoimplementing a small scaleplan in Budhanilkantha -2. Wewill try to conduct regularCDMC meetings andimplement every plan includedin our DRM plans."

ward - 8 if the project has extended time. CDMC is still not confident in in-depth activities of DRR.

"We are aware that differenttask groups play importantroles during an earthquake.Though we are still unfamiliarwith equipment used and howthe team works. So, capacitybuilding training should be inpriority plan. It would bebetter if JICA project teamhad helped to form andcapacitate task teams throughthe project."

Feedbacks during final handover program conducted in 3 pilot wards

Ms Ishwori Pandit, member of CDMC also participanted in every programmes conducted by ERAKV project. She further added, " Many of us have got opportunity to learn things on DRR and DRM. So, these knowledge will add value only if it is shared among other in our community. Now CDMC and other respresentatives should forward informations we have and materials stockpiled in Chapali health post." Ms Pandit also emphasized that community people are the first responder during any type of disaster so, expecting help from outsider could harm community themselves

Mr Uttam Shakya, CDMC member/ Ward committee spoke on participatory approaches adopted in 1st, 2nd and 3rd workshop to identify hazards, vulnerabilities and capacities of ward 8, also to formulate DRM Plan of the ward. He further added, " The materials we are stockpiling might not be adequate for our ward to response during disaster. But we should keep in mind that these materials are just an initiation and seed support from JICA project team. We should be aware and responsible to properly manage stockpilked materials and also to add varoius other response

A CDMC member, Budhanilkantha 2, providing her feedback on project.

An elected ward member providing feedback.

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materials through budget allocated in ward . With vote of thanks he indicated his interest for further assistance from the project.

Mr Kesh Lal Shrestha, Respresentative from cluster development committee, expressed his concern to sustainability of project's goal and materials stockpiled. He further added " I have seen a construction project which was successfully completed but left unmaintained after few years. I request all of the concerned stakeholders of the ward to keep attention on sustainability of activities conducted by ERAKV project and stockpiled materials so, that it could be used during disaster." He pointed need of skill, knowledge and feel of responsibility to maintain supported materials and its optimum use during disaster.

Mr Laxmi Prasad Gora, one of the former CDMC member as a feedback said – “Sustainability takes more time. For that, we need more training and workshops to enhance our capacity for implementation and to work on sustainability of DRR activities. Practical session of fire extinguisher seems very effective and useful as our ward occupied with dense old traditional houses which are attached to each other. I thought that we need to hire experts to use the fire extinguisher but this session proves me wrong. It can be easily used. I learnt it in very simple and easy way. So, I really want to thank the entire team for the ERKAV project.”

Former CDMC member, Bhaktapur - 3, giving feedback of the program

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Key Achievements and Challenges As per interaction with the community people and the government official, the project has provided an opportunity to learn about disaster risk reduction. Besides that, the project has also contributed the community to the identification of existing vulnerabilities, risks, and capacities. Some of the achievements over the project period are as follows:

Through series of workshops and meetings, the community was handed over a wardlevel DRM plan, which is one of the cherished achievements of the project.

The community of Budhanilkantha Municipality constructed a stockpile buildingwithin a pilot ward in support from the local government only for the prepositioning ofemergency materials. Hence, it is regarded as a community contribution for theimplementation of DRM plan.

Mayor of Budhanilkantha Municipality announced to preposition adequate Tarpaulinsheet so that it can be used by communities from non-pilot wards.

Formation of Fire control team in the pilot ward of Bhaktapur Municipality for the useof fire extinguisher during a disaster.

Lalitpur Metropolitan City appreciated the project for development of DRR carte,Earthquake Brochure, and Summary DRM plan. The metropolitan city expressedinterest for the development of disaster-related database (roster of trained humanresources, list of stockpile materials, list of task team members etc.)

Lalitpur Metropolitan City is looking forward to stockpiling emergency materialssimilar to project in Ward no 9.

Distribution of the DRR carte, earthquake brochure and summary DRM plan has helpedthe community people to enhance knowledge of disaster.

Despite the appreciation and achievement of the project, there are some challenges, which need to be addressed for sustainability of the project. Some of the challenges are as below.

The communities require more training and workshop regarding DRR activities.Community sensitization on DRR seems still inadequate.

The emergency materials in pilot wards in Bhaktapur Municipality and LalitpurMetropolitan city were not centralized. Hence, the materials may be misplaced.

The pilot ward in Bhaktapur Municipality does not posses Community DisasterManagement Committee. Therefore, the implementation of DRM plans may beshaded.

The effectiveness of the implementation of DRM plan depends upon its integrationwith the annual development plan. Thus, incapable to integrate into development plansmay result in the incompetence of the DRM plan.

Both Budhanilkantha Municipality and Bhaktapur Municipality lack disastermanagement section which may lead to difficulty in the mainstreaming of disaster inannual development plans.

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Recommendations Recommendations to the municipalities to follow-up the DRRM plans in each target ward which was identified in the community discussion

For sustainability and continuity of DRM plan, the municipalities should adopt activities following few points:

CBDRRM activities conducted at pilot wards (Budhanilkantha Municipality, Ward 2,Lalitpur Metropolitan City, Ward 8 and Bhaktapur Municipality, Ward 3) should bereplicated by the municipality in other remaining wards as well.

Prioritized ward level DRM plan requires mainstreaming in municipal leveldevelopment plans to allocate budgets for DRM plan implementation.

Establishment of the particular Disaster-related section within the municipality andappointment of a focal person is important for sustainability and continuity of DRRactivities in the municipality, which will also support to endorse DRM plan of therespective wards in the municipal development plan.

The municipality should allocate fund for community-based disaster risk reductionactivities in ward level.

Capacity enhancement of municipality officers and ward officers is important to updateDRM plan and conduction of DRR activities in the community. Hence, the municipalityshould initiate for conduction of training and workshop regarding DRR and updateemergency stockpile materials.

Maintain a roster of trained human resource in the ward for effective mobilizationduring a disaster. (Human resources- FA, CSAR, Mason, Firefighter and many more.)

Municipality/Ward should practice charging modality of stockpile materials if it has tobe used in between. This will contribute to operation and maintenance of the stockpiledmaterials and its sustainability as well.

ENPHO team's opinion for sustainable and continuous CBDRRM activities which was considered through the implementation CBDRRM activities need to be more comprehensive that provides additional

opportunities for the community to strengthen disaster preparedness. As new municipalities like Budhanilkantha and Bhaktapur may not have the expertise

to develop DRM packages and implement it on their own, they might need technicalsupport and help to sustain the activities.

Attitudinal and behaviour vulnerabilities and capacities of individual and HHs levelwas not completely considered by the project which lacked data on disasterpreparedness of individual and HHs of the community.

The project does not cover training/capacity enhancement for response team of the pilotmunicipalities but it is equally important to capacitate response teams for disasterpreparedness.

Replicating or Introducing best practices/tools like town watching adopted by Japan forCBDRRM activities would contribute to fruitful outcome in near future.

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Continuity in DRM plan implementation/construction activities in the pilot wards willhelp to attract the community people and motivate them towards DRR activities.

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Appendix Annex I: Schedule for 3-Day CBDRRM Training to Municipal officials

and relevant stakeholders S.N. Agenda Time duration Resource Person

DAY 1

1 Introduction, Expectation Collection, Pre Training Evaluation 35 Minutes Merina and Suma Maharjan

1.1 Chairing, Opening/ Welcome Remarks, and Training Objectives (JICA Project Introduction) 30 Minutes

Suma Maharjan, Kenpei Kojika, Miki Kodama, Apil K.C. (JICA Project Team)

1.2 Disaster Terminology/Definition 30 Minutes Suma Maharjan (ENPHO)

1.3 Earthquake Hazard and Risks in the JICA three pilot municipalities 60 Minutes Mr. Kenpei Kojika (Deputy Team

Leader, JICA Project Team)

1.4

Introduction to Community - based DRRM (CBDRRM) Activities (Concept, Needs, Good Practices in the Past Disasters, etc.) Leaning from CBDRRM Practices in Japan and Other Countries

60 Minutes Anil Maharjan (ENPHO) Miki Kodama (JICA Project Team)

1.5 9 Minimum Characteristics (MCs) of CBDRRM Activities and Other Initiatives for Promoting Integrated CBDRRM in the NRRC Flagship 4.

60 Minutes Amar Dip Sunuwar (MoFALD)

1.6 Basics and Tools of Community - based Hazard, Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (HVCA)

60 Minutes Bijay Krishna Upadhyaya (NSET)

1.7 Trial Group Discussion using the Tools of HVCA 60 Minutes Bijay Krishna Upadhyaya (NSET)

DAY 2

2.1 Sharing of the Learning of the Training in Japan 30 Minutes OmHari/Harishchandra/Binod (Pilot Municipalities)

2.2 Introduction to DRM Policy and LDRMP Guideline 45 Minutes Amar Dip Sunuwar, MOFALD

2.3

Establishment of Community - based DM Committee and Disaster Response Team (with information of some good practice in the past disasters)

30 Minutes Anil Maharjan (ENPHO)

2.4 Access to Disaster Management Information in the Community 60 Minutes Man Bahadur Singh (NRCS)

2.5 Community - based DRR Mapping (Process and examples) and Evacuation Plan 60 Minutes Bijay Krishna Upadhyaya (NSET)

2.6 Trial Group Work for Community - based DRR Mapping and Consideration for Improving Current Condition of DRR in the Community

120 Minutes Bijay Krishna Upadhyaya (NSET)

DAY 3

3.1

Municipality DRRM plan and Community DRRM plan Mainstreaming DRR in Local Level Development Planning

60 Minutes Amar Dip Sunuwar, MOFALD

3.2 Awareness Program for Disaster Preparedness (Safe House Construction, Family Disaster Preparedness, etc.)

60 Minutes Dr. Kirti Kusom Joshi (Pulchowk Engineering College)

3.3 Planning of Pilot Activities in each Pilot Municipality (Group Work) 60 Minutes Miki Kodama, Amar Dip

Sunuwar 3.4 Closing Ceremony 30 minutes Suma Maharjan 3.5 Post Training Evaluation 10 minutes Merina Maharjan

Feedback Collection 10 Minutes

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Annex II: Schedule of the first workshop on 2-Day workshop on Learning Risk and DRRM

Budhanilkantha Municipality, Ward 2 S.N Content Minutes Time Responsibility/ Resource person

Day 1 1.1 Participants introduction 15 min 10:00 - 10: 15 Respective APOs (ENPHO)

1.2 Opening and welcome to workshop 15 minutes 10: 15 – 10:30 Ward Secretary

1.3 Objective of the workshop and outline of the project 30 minutes 10: 30 – 11: 00 Miki Kodama

1.3

Disaster Terminology and definition, Disaster causes and effects , Disaster Management cycle

90 minutes 11: 00 – 12:30 Suma Maharjan (ENPHO)

Lunch 60 minutes 12: 30 – 1:30

1.4 Earthquake hazard and Risks in Nepal 60 minutes 1: 30 – 2: 30 Respective Municipality

1.5 LDRMP guideline - CBDRM process and 9 MCs

60 minutes 2:30 – 3:30

Merina Maharjan ENPHO

Break

1.7

Disaster Mainstreaming and role of the municipality, CDMC, and local government organizations in DRM plan.

45 minutes 3: 45 – 4: 30 Respective municipality

1.8 Discussion and lecture on HVCA Tools 60 minutes 4:30 – 5:30 Subarna Maharjan

Day 2 2.1 Review of the day 15 minutes 10: 00 – 10: 15 Respective APOs (ENPHO)

2.2 Review of existing VCA data in DRM plan if it has been done.

60 minutes 10: 15 – 11:15 Respective APOs (ENPHO)

2.3

Group activity (Mapping, indexing and tabulating) Hazard analysis and ranking + hazard mapping. Historical timeline. Social resource mapping. Vulnerability and capacity identify mapping. Seasonal calendar.

11: 15 – 12:30 Participants and ENPHO Team Facilitation support - Proposed to municipality staff.

Lunch 12:30 – 1:30 2.4 Group work continue 1:30 – 3:00 Participants and ENPHO Team

2.5 Presentation and comments 60 minutes 3:00 – 4:00 Participants and ENPHO Team

2.6 Closing and share information on 2nd workshop

30 minutes 4:00 – 4:30 Municipality and ENPHO Team

High Tea and break

Bhaktapur Municipality, Ward 3 Time Content Duration Responsibility

Day 1 7.30 am - 8.30 am Breakfast and Registration 60 min Rajesh (ENPHO)

8.30 am – 9.30 am Formal opening and welcome.

60 min Sarmila (ENPHO) Objective of the workshop and outline of the project

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9:30 am - 11:30 am

Participants introduction with disaster terminologies

120 min Bivor and Rajesh (ENPHO)

Disaster definition Disaster Management cycle

11.30 am - 12.30 pm Earthquake hazard and Risks in Nepal 60 min Apil KC 12.30 pm -1:30 pm Lunch 60 min 1:30 pm - 2:15 pm Tourism, Heritage and Disaster 45 min Inu Pradhan

2:15 pm -3:00 pm CBDRM process. LDRMP guideline 9 MCs for resilient community

45 min MoFALD

3:00 pm – 4:00 pm

Disaster Mainstreaming Role of municipality, CDMC, and local

government organizations in DRM planningprocess

60 min Bhaktapur Municipality

Day 2

7: 30 am – 8: 30 am Breakfast (ENPHO) 8:30 am - 9:45 am Review 15 min 9:45 am - 10:45 am Discussion and lecture on HVCA Tools 60 min Merina (ENPHO)

10: 45 am - 11:15 am Review of existing VCA data in DRM plan if it has been done. 30 min Sarmila

11: 15 am - 12:30 pm

Group activity (Mapping, indexing and tabulating) Hazard analysis and ranking + hazard

mapping. Historical timeline. Social resource mapping (Vulnerability and

capacity identify mapping) Seasonal calendar. Mobility Mapping Problem tree Analysis

75 min ENPHO Team

12:30 pm -1:30 pm Lunch 1:30 pm -3:00 pm Group work continue 90 min ENPHO Team 3:00 pm - 4:00 pm Presentation and comments 60 min ENPHO Team

4:00 pm - 4:30 pm Closing and share information on 2nd workshop 30 min Municipality and ENPHO Team


Content Interval Time Responsibility/ Resource person

Day 1 Participants introduction 15 min 10:00 - 10: 15 Respective APOs (ENPHO) Opening and welcome in workshop 15 mins 10 : 15 – 10:30 Ward Secretary Objective of the workshop and outline of the project

30 mins 10: 30 – 11: 00 Miki Kodama

Disaster Terminology and definition, Disaster causes and effects , Disaster Management cycle

90 mins 11: 00 – 12:30 Suma Maharjan (ENPHO)

Lunch 60 mins 12: 30 – 1:30 Earthquake hazard and Risks in Nepal 60 mins 1: 30 – 2: 30 Respective Municipality

LDRMP guideline - CBDRM process and 9 MCs

60 mins 2:30 – 3:30

Mr. Amar Dip Sunuwar, Section Officer, MoFALD

Break

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Disaster Mainstreaming and role of municipality, CDMC, and local government organizations in DRM plan.

45 mins 3: 45 – 4: 30 Respective municipality

Discussion and lecture on HVCA Tools 60 mins 4:30 – 5:30 Subarna Maharjan Day 2

Review of the day 15 mins 10: 00 – 10: 15 Respective APOs (ENPHO) Review of existing VCA data in DRM plan if it has been done. 60 mins 10: 15 – 11:15 Respective APOs (ENPHO)

Group activity (Mapping, indexing and tabulating) -Hazard analysis and ranking + hazard mapping. -Historical timeline. -Social resource mapping. -Vulnerability and capacity identify mapping. -Seasonal calendar.

11: 15 – 12:30 Participants and ENPHO Team Facilitation support - Proposed to municipality staff.

Lunch 12:30 – 1:30 Group work continue 1:30 – 3:00 Participants and ENPHO Team Presentation and comments 60 mins 3:00 – 4:00 Participants and ENPHO Team Closing and share information on 2nd workshop 30 mins 4:00 – 4:30

Municipality and ENPHO Team

High Tea and break

Annex III: Schedule of second workshop on 2-Day Workshop on Preparation of Community-Based DRM Map, Formation of Evacuation Map and Plan

Budhanilkantha Municipality, Ward 2 S.N Content Minutes Time Responsibility

Day 1 1.1 Participants introduction 15 min 9:30-9:45 1.2 Opening and welcome in workshop 15 minutes 9:45 –10:00 Mayor/ Ward President 1.3 Objective of the workshop and outline of

the project 15 minutes 10:00 –10:15 Miki Kodama

1.4 Recap on Disaster Terminology, Vulnerability & Capacity Types

60 minutes 10:15– 11:15 Rajesh/Subarna

Tea Break 15 minutes 11:15-11:30 1.5 Investment based on disaster risk

assessment and past disaster experiences 60 minutes 11:30– 12:30 Apil K.C.

1.6 VCA Report Sharing + Briefing on town watching + Group Division

60 minutes 12:30– 1:30 Merina/Anil

Lunch 45 minutes 1: 30 – 2:15 1.7 Field trip for Town Watching 180 minutes 2:15 –5:00 Anil/Merina

1.9 Session Closing for Day 1 5 minutes 5:15-5:20 High Tea and Break

Day 2 2.1 Review of community-based hazard/social

map 90 minutes 9:30 – 11:00 Anil Maharjan

Tea break 15 minutes 11:00-11:15 2.2 Risk Assessment 105 minutes 11: 15 – 12:45 Anil Maharjan 2.3 Sharing of draft of DRM plan and response

plan draft with example 30 minutes 12: 45 – 1:15 Anil/Subarna

Lunch 1:15 – 2:00 2.4 Risk Mitigation Plan 105 minutes 2:00-3:45 Anil Maharjan 2.5 Presentation on group exercise 60 minutes 3:45 – 4:45

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2.6 Closing program 15 minutes 4:45 – 5:00 High Tea and break


S.N Content Minutes Time Facilitator/ RP 1.1 Participants introduction 15 min 9:00-9:15

1.2 Opening and welcome to the workshop 15 minutes 9:15 –9:30 Ward secretary and ward

chairperson.

1.3 Objective of the workshop and outline of the project 15 minutes 9:30 –9:45 Ms. Miki Kodama (CBDRRM

Expert - JICA)

1.4 Presentation on DM park 60 minutes 9:45 –10:45 Mr. Harish Chandra Lamichanne, Engineer - LMC and Ms Luna Thapa, RNNE Team JICA

Tea Break 15 minutes 10:45– 11:45

1.6 Investment based on disaster risk assessment and past disaster experiences

30 minutes 11:45-12:00 Apil KC, Local Consultant - JICA

1.5 Recap on Disaster Terminology, DM cycle & Vulnerability & Capacity Types

60 minutes 12:00– 12:30 Subarna Maharjan, PC - ENPHO

1.7 VCA Report Sharing + Briefing on town watching + 60 minutes 12:30– 1:30 Subarna Maharjan, and Merina

Maharjan, Lunch 45 minutes 1: 30 – 2:15

1.8 Field trip for Town Watching 180 minutes 2:15 –5:15 ENPHO/JICA Session Closing for Day 1 5 minutes 5:15-5:20

2.1 Review of community-based hazard/social map 90 minutes 9:00 – 10:30 ENPHO and participants

Tea Cookies 15 minutes 10:30-10:45 2.2 Risk Assessment 105 minutes 10: 45 – 12:30 Ms. Merina Maharjan,

2.3 Sharing of draft of DRM plan and response plan draft with example

30 minutes 12: 30 – 1:00 Subarna Maharjan,

Lunch 1:00 – 2:00 2.4 Risk Mitigation Plan 105 minutes 2:00-3:45 Ms. Merina Maharjan, 2.5 Presentation on group exercise 60 minutes 3:45 – 4:45 ENPHO team and participants 2.6 Feedback Closing program 15 minutes 4:45 – 5:00

Bhaktapur Municipality, Ward-3 Time Content Duration Responsibility

Day 1 7.30-8.30 Gathering and Breakfast 60 min 8.30-9.00 Opening and welcome to workshop 30 min Sarmila

9.00-9.30 Objective of the workshop and outline of the project 30 min Miki Kodama/Apil KC

9.30– 10.30 Participants introduction and Recap of Major Terminologies and Elements of Vul and Caps 60 min Rajesh

10:30– 11.15 Investment based on disaster risk assessment and past disaster experiences 45 min Apil K.C.

11:15– 11.45 VCA Report Sharing 30 min Sarmila 11.45-12.30 Briefing on town watching + Group Division 45 min 12.30-1.15 Lunch 45 min 1.30-4.30 Field trip for Town Watching 180 min All

Day 2 7.30-8.30 Gathering and Breakfast 60 min 8:30 – 10.00 Review of community-based hazard/social map 90 min Sarmila 10:00 – 11:30 Risk Assessment in reference to map 105 min Bivor Maharjan

11.30 – 12.00 Sharing of draft of DRM plan and response plan draft with example 30 min Rajesh

12.00 - 12.30 Preparation of Risk Mitigation Plan 30 min ENPHO 12.30 – 1.30 Lunch

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1.30 – 4.00 Continue on Preparation of Risk Mitigation Plan 105 min ENPHO 4.00 – 4:30 Presentation on group exercise 60 min 4:30 – 4.45 Closing program 15 min

Annex IV: Schedule of the third workshop on 1 - Day workshop on Prioritization of Disaster Risk Management Plan

Budhanilkantha Municipality, Ward 2 Time Duration Activities Responsibilities

9:30-10:00 30 mins Gather and registration 10:00-10:15 15 mins Welcome and Opening Ceremony Merina Maharjan 10:15-10:45 30 mins Summary of the Workshop and Future Expectations Miki Kodama/Apil KC

10:45-11:15 30 mins Outline of the Third Workshop and Brief explanationabout role of each group and individuals Bivor

11:15-11:30 15 min Break

11:30-12:30 60 mins Presentation of VCA, Mapping and Plan by ENPHO. (Open discussion for inputs on VCA /DRM /Map ) ENPHO APOs

12:30- 13:30 60 Minutes Review of Each Plan and Programs and Addition if

any important points are missing. Coming up with SMART Plan

Participants

13:30-14:15 45 Minutes Lunch 14:15-15:15 65 Minutes Continuation of activity 7 Participants

15:15-16:00 45 Minutes Summary of revised Plan Finalization of Implementation Plan All

16:00-16:30 30 mins Closing of the program Merina Maharjan

Lalitpur Metropolitan City, Ward 8 Time Duration Activities Responsibilities

9:30-10:00 30 mins Gather and registration 10:00-10:15 15 mins Welcome and Opening Ceremony Rajesh Byanjankar 10:15-10:45 30 mins Summary of the Workshop and Future

ExpectationsMiki Kodama/Apil KC

10:45-11:15 30 mins Outline of the Third Workshop and Briefexplanation about role of each group andindividuals

Bivor

11:15-11:30 15 min Break 11:30-12:30 60 mins Presentation of VCA, Mapping and Plan by

ENPHO. (Open discussion for inputs on VCA /DRM

/Map )

ENPHO APOs

12:30- 13:30 60 Minutes Review of Each Plan and Programs andAddition if any important points are missing.

Coming up with SMART Plan

Participants

13:30-14:15 45 Minutes Lunch 14:15-15:15 65 Minutes Continuation of activity 7 Participants 15:15-16:00 45 Minutes Summary of revised Plan

Finalization of Implementation PlanAll

16:00-16:30 30 mins Closing of the program Rajesh Byanjankar

Bhaktapur Municipality, Ward 3 Time Duration Activities Responsibilities

8:00 - 8:30 30 mins Gather and Breakfast 8:30 - 8:45 15 mins Welcome and Opening Ceremony Sarmila Gwachha 8.45 - 9:15 30 mins CBDRRM activities conducted and Future expectation for

sustainability of CBDRRM activities JICA

9:15 - 9:45 30 mins Presentation on project updates and module of 3rd workshop

Bivor, ENPHO

9:45 - 10:15 30 mins Sharing of data, maps, DRM plan collected from previous workshops and DRR carte

Sarmila, ENPHO and JICA

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10:15 - 10:30 15 min Break 10:30 - 11 :15 45 mins Open discussion for inputs on VCA /DRM /Map and DRR

carte. Addition if any important points are missing.

All

11:15 - 12:15 60 mins Group activity for review and finalization of Plan for implementation

All

12:15 - 1:00 45 mins Summary of revised plan Finalization of Implementation Plan

1:00 - 1:30 30 mins Closing of the program Sarmila Gwachha 1:30 Onwards Lunch

Annex V: Participants Name list of Workshop First Workshop

2- Day Workshop on Learning Risk and Disaster Risk Reduction and Management System at Budhanilkantha Municipality, Ward 2

S.N Participants’ Name Address Contact 1 Sharada Regmi WCF 2 Gyanu Karki Thapa WCF, Bhangal 3 Rina Wonta Chapali Mahila Maha Sangha 4 Ishwori Pandit Nabajyoti Tole Sudhar Samiti 5 Satyawati Lamichhane

Dhakal Chapali Mahila Maha Sangha

6 Jarmina Adhikari Chapali Mahila Maha Sangha 7 Durga Tamang Naagarik Sachetana Kendra 8 Dolma Lama Taulung Maila Samuha 9 Shobha Giri Didibahini Samuha, Bhangal 10 Mayadevi Laxmi Pathak FCHV 11 Jagat lal Shrestha Rastriya Prajatantra Party rep./CDMC member 12 Asha Lal Shrestha CDMC Member 13 Rajendra Khadka CDMC Member 14 Narayan Devi Shrestha Jana Jagriti Mahila Samuha 15 Mina Thapa 16 Laxmi Bhandari Shree Panchakanya Mai Samudayik Upabhokta Samiti 17 Lalita Bhandari Shree Panchakanya Mai Samudayik Upabhokta Samiti 18 Pramila Thapa Mahila Samanbaya Samiti 19 Kabita Thapa Naba Rudreshwor Club 20 Saluja Katwal Mahadev Colony 21 Rajendra Thapa CDMC Member 22 Sarmila Shrestha WCF Coordinator/CDMC Member 23 Sita Lama CDMC Member 24 Gokul Kumar Kharel CDMC Member 25 Bikash Shrestha Washik Club/CDMC Member 26 Sakar Kharel Bhangal 27 Parbati Shrestha Panchakanya Mahila Samuha

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2- Day Workshop on Learning Risk and Disaster Risk Reduction and Management System at LMC, Ward 8

S.N Participants’ Name Address Contact 1 Mr. Abalesh Shrestha Yangubahal Tole Sudhar Samiti 2 Ms. Anju Shakya Yangubahal Tole Sudhar Samiti 3 Ms. Sirjana Shakya Yangubahal Tole Sudhar Samiti 4 Ms. Sanu Chhori Maharjan Balkumari 5 Ms. Sarmila Maharjan CDMC 6 Mr. Saasaram Maharjan Youth club, Sako 7 Ms. Laxmi Maharjan Saraswati Maa Pucha, Sako 8 Mr. Krishna Maharjan CDMC Member 9 Mr. Ratna Maharjan Pinchhe 10 Mr. Manoj Maharjan Youth representative, Pinchhe 11 Mr. Bhim Pokharel Lalit Bikash School, Kutisaugal 12 Ms. Tulsi Neupane Lalit Bikash School, Kutisaugal 13 Ms. Rita Maharjan Pinchhe Maa Pucha, Pinchhe 14 Sanu Chhori Maharjan Tole Health Promoter, Guitole 15 Bimala Maharjan Tole Health Promoter, Lhola 16 Suman Maharjan CDMC Member, Guitole 17 Maaila Maharjan CDMC Member 18 Rajib Maharjan Tole Sudhar Samiti, Lhola 19 Nirmala Maharjan Tole Health Promoter, Subahal 20 Pramila Maharjan Subahal Maa Pucha 21 Durga Maharjan Subahal Maa Pucha

22 Ramesh Maharjan Lhola

23 Binod Maharjan Lhola

24 Ramita Maharjan CDMC Member

25 Ram Maiya Maharjan Guitole Maa Pucha

26 Baburaja Maharjan Guitole Tole Sudhar Samiti 27 Indra Kumari Shakya Guitole Maa Pucha 28 Maiya Maharjan Yalamula Maa Pucha 29 Bina Maharjan Yalamula Misha Pucha 30 Laxmi Maharjan Yalamula Misha Pucha 31 Pranish Maharjan Subahal 32 Mr. Sanukaji Maharjan Guita Domar Samrakchha samiti 33 Sujin Maharjan Lhola Tole Sudhar Samiti 34 Jasmine Maharjan Gashi Tole Sudahr Samiti 35 Dasha Maharjan Subahala Maa Pucha

2- Day Workshop on Learning Risk and Disaster Risk Reduction and Management System at Bhaktapur Municipality, Ward 3

S.N Name Address Representative Contact

1 Bal Krishna Awal Tekhacho Student 2 Sita Laxmi Gwachha Tekhachho- Student 3 Krishna Gopal Chauguthi Ward member 4 Sunita Awal Ward member 5 Shiva Sundar Dhukhwa Red Star Club 6 Amar Chauguthi Business 7 Sanjaya Shilakar Nashamana Carpenter 8 Shiva Ram Shilakar Nashamana Business 9 Sulochana Awal Nashamana Student

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10 Maiya Dhoju Tekhacho Volunteer (FCHV) 11 Sangita Karmacharya Tekhacho (FCHV) 12 Maiya Laxmi Prajapati Degamana (FCHV) 13 Anil Chauguthi Degamana Business 14 Karan Manandhar Tekhcho - 3 Student's union 15 Ram Sundar Khatakho Mangalachen - 3 16 Anu Khatakho Mangalachen - 3 17 Deepak Swanepa Tekhacho - 3 Business 18 Reshma Sainju Khouma - 3 Student 19 Jaganath Gora Kolachenn - 3 Farmer 20 Khitiz Dhukhwo Kolachenn - 3 Student 21 Sanjip Twayena Ghatkha - 3 Farmer 22 Rajani Prajapati Barahisthan - 3 FCHV 23 Buddha Laxmi Makaju Kolachhen - 3 FCHV 24 Maiya Twayena Ghatkha - 3 FCHV 25 Sabina Twayena Ghatkha - 3 FCHV 26 Narayan Kilambu Ward - 3, Bhaktapur 27 Purna Prasad Suwal Ward - 3, Bhaktapur 28 Jamna Kayastha Ward - 3, Bhaktapur Student 29 Rajan Awal Ward - 3, Bhaktapur Student 30 Manish Gora Ward - 3, Bhaktapur Student 31 Shiva Kumar Twayena Ward - 3, Bhaktapur C Health Centre 32 Sajan Suwal Ward - 3 Bhaktapur 33 Bijesh Suwal Ward - 3, Bhaktapur 34 Sushma Gora Ward - 3, Bhaktapur 35 Merina Laghu ward - 3, Bhaktapur 36 Ganesh Ram Suwal Ward - 3, Bhaktapur Ward office 37 Sarita Sainju Ward - 3, Bhaktapur Student

Second Workshop 2- Day Workshop on Preparation of Community-Based DRM Map, Formation of Evacuation

Map and Plan at Budhanilkantha municipality, Ward 2 SN Name Organization Contact No

Special participation from Governmental Organizations 1 Purushottam Subedi Under secretary, MOFALD 2 Udhav Kharel mayor, Budhanilkantha municipality 3 Binod Poudel Sub- Engineer, Budhanilkantha municipality 4 Rajendra Khadka Co-ordinator, CDMC/ Chairperson, Budhanilkantha ward -

2 5 Achyut Karki Secretary, CDMC and Budhanilkantha ward - 2

Community participation 1 Sharda Regme Chapali, Budhanilkantha ward - 2 2 Srijana Thapa Basnet Chapali, Budhanilkantha ward - 2 3 Ishwari Pandit karki Chapali Budhanilkantha ward - 2 4 lalita Bhandari Chapali, Budhanilkantha ward - 2 5 Nisha Baral Chapali, Budhanilkantha ward - 2 6 Dolma Lama Taulung, Budhanilkantha ward - 2 7 Reena Onta Member, CDMC 8 Pramila Thapa Member, CDMC 9 Mina Thapa Chapali, Budhanilkantha ward - 2

10 Durga Tamang Member, CDMC

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11 Anita Mijar Chapali, Budhanilkantha ward - 2 12 Sharmila kharel Chapali, Budhanilkantha ward - 2 13 Nani Maya Pandey Chapali, Budhanilkantha ward - 2 14 Sita Lama Member, CDMC 15 satyawati Lamichhane Chapali, Budhanilkantha ward - 2 16 Gyanu Karki Thapa Member, CDMC 17 Laxmi Bhandari Member, CDMC 18 Jarmina Adhikari Chapali, Budhanilkantha ward - 2 19 Rajendra Shrestha Ward Committee member, Budhanilkantha - 2 20 Udav prasad Gautam Budhanilkantha ward - 2 21 Aasha Lal Shrestha Member, CDMC 22 Rajendra Thapa Member, CDMC 23 Kaji Bahadur

Shrestha Member, CDMC

24 Ishari Budhanilkantha ward - 2 25 Kabita Thapa Member, CDMC 26 Gokul Kumar Kharel Member, CDMC 27 Narayan Devi shresha Member, CDMC 28 Jay Bahadur Lama Member, CDMC

Representation from ENPHO and JICA Project Team 1 Anil maharjan Project Co-ordinator, ENPHO 2 Subarna Maharjan Project Co-ordinator, ENPHO 3 Merina Maharjan Assistant Project Officer 4 Rajesh Byanjankar Assistant Project Officer 5 Sarmila Gwachha Assistant Project Officer 6 Bivor Maharjan Project Co-ordinator, ENPHO 7 Apil K.C Consultant, JICA 8 Miki Kodama CBDRRM Expert, JICA

2- Day Workshop on Preparation of Community-Based DRM Map, Formation of Evacuation Map and Plan at LMC, Ward 8

S.N Name Organization/ Address Contact

Special participation from ward office and municipality 1. Harish Chandra Lamichhane Engineer, LMC 2. Hem Bahadur Maharjan ward president,LMC - 8 3. Shree Krishna Khatri Ward Secretary - LMC - 8

Community Participation 4. Suman Maharjan CDMC, LMC - 8 5. Sanuchhori Maharjan Gashitole - 8 6. Anju Shakya Yangubahal - 8 7. Sanuchhori Maharjan THP Guitole -8 8. Sahil Maharjan Guitole - 8 9. Bimal Maharjan Ward health clinic - 8 10. Rita Maharjan Pichhen Maa Pucha -8 11. Nirmala Maharjan THP Guitole -8 12. Ramila MAharjan CDMC, LMC - 8

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13. Bina Maharjan Yalamul Misha Pucha 14. Maiya Maharjan Yalamul Misha Pucha 15. Jasmine Maharjan Gashi tole -8 16. Nirmala Maharjan Subahal Maa Pucha -8 17. Roji Maharjan Subahal Maa PUcha - 8 18. Uttam Shakya Chapat tole Sudhar Samittee -8 19. Buddhi Man Maharjan Subahal Tole sudhar samittee -8 20. Krishna Maharjan Elected ward member, LMC - 8 21. Tulashi Prasad Neupani Lalit Bikash School 22. Prakash Maharjan Elected ward member, LMC - 8 23. Bhim Pokharel Lalit Bikash School 24. Geeta Maharjan Social mobilizer, LMC -8 25. Laxmi Maharjan Yalmul tole sudhar samittee - 8 26. Dev Lal Maharjan Balkumari Mandir Samrakchyan

Samittee 27. Bikash Maharjan Balkumari Mandir Samrakchyan

Samittee 28. Ram Maya Maharjan Guitole Maa Pucha 29. Indra Kumari Shakya Guitole Maa Pucha 30. Laxmi Maharjan Elected ward member , LMC 8 31. Sanu Kaji Maharjan Guitadamar Samrakhchyan Samiti 32. Saraswoti Bajracharya Yangubahal -8 33. Baburaja Maharjan Guitole -8

Representation from ENPHO and JICA project team 34. Luna Thapa RRNE JICA 35. Natsuki Takeuchhi RRNE JICA 36. Raj Mukut Bhusal RRNE JICA 37. Yoshihiko Uchikura RRNE JICA 38. Apil K.C ERAKV JICA project 39. Miki Kodama ERAKV JICA project 40. Merina Maharjan ENPHO 41. Subarna Maharjan ENPHO 42. Sarmila Maharjan ENPHO 43. Rajesh Byanjankar ENPHO 44. Bivor Maharjan ENPHO

2- Day Workshop on Preparation of Community-Based DRM Map, Formation of Evacuation Map and Plan at Bhaktapur Municipality, Ward 3

S.N Participants name Address Contact no. 1 Sanjay Shilakar Nasmana 2 Amar Chauguthi Degaman 3 Sarita Saiju Kolachhe 4 Jamna Kayastha Durbar Square 5 Anil Chauguthi Degamana 6 Bal Krishna Awal Tekha pukhu 7 Sanjeep Twayana Ghattkha 8 Amit Gora Khauma 9 Manika Kiju Lakulachhen

10 Rajani Prajapati Tekhacho 11 Sagita karmacharya Tekhacho 12 Manju Bati Kolachhen

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13 Maiya Ghatuwa (Twayana) Ghatkha 14 Maiya Suwal (Dhoju) Tekhacho 15 Maiya Laxmi Prajapati (Awal) Degamana 16 Buddha Laxmi Makaju Kolachhen 17 Karan Manandhar Tekhacho 18 Shiva Sundar Dhukhwo Kolachhen 19 Sunita Prajapati (Awal) Tekhacho 20 Krishna Gopal Chauguthi Degamana 21 Sabina Twayana Ghatkha 22 Dijan Twayana Ghatkha 23 Jamuna Silakar Kolachhen 23 Sulochana Awal Kolachhen 24 Samya Shah Lachicha 25 Laxman Shilpakar Kolacheen, Lachicha 26 Mani Ram Shilpakar Kolacheen, Lachicha 27 Riyaz Karmacharya Ichhu

Third Workshop 1 - Day workshop on Prioritization of Disaster Risk Management Plan at

Budhanilkantha Municipality, Ward 2 S.N Name Designation/ Address Contact Number

Special participation from Governmental Organization 1. Udhhav kharel Mayor, Budhanilkantha Municipality

2. Rajendra Khadka Co-ordinator, CDMC / chairperson Budhanilkantha ward - 2

3. Binod paudel Sub-Engineer, Budhanilkantha Municipality

4. Achyut karki Secretary, CDMC / Ward Secretary Community Participants

1. Gokul Kumar Kharel Member, CDMC 2. Jarmina Adhikari Budhanilkantha municipality ward -2 3. Satyawoti Lammichanne Budhanilkantha municipality ward -2 4. Sarmila kharel Budhanilkantha municipality ward -2 5. Pramila Thapa Member, CDMC

6. Ganesh prasad Devkota Member, CDMC / Tole Development Committee

7. Ishwari pandit karki Budhanilkantha municipality ward -2 8. Meena Thapa Budhanilkantha municipality ward -2 9. Sita Lama Simali Mahila Sammittee / Member CDMC 10. Asha lal Shrestha Member, CDMC / 11. Lalita Bhandari Budhanilkantha municipality ward -2 12. Laxmi Bhandari Member, CDMC 13. Jaya Bahadur Lama Budhanilkantha municipality ward -2 14. Janak Thapa Member, CDMC 15. Rajendra Thapa member, CDMC 16. Rajendra Shrestha Ward Committee Member 17. Narayan Devi Shrestha Member, CDMC 18. Bikash Shrestha Member, CDMC 19. Jebi Tamang Budhanilkantha municipality ward -2 20. Udhhav kharel 21. Dolma lama Budhanilkantha municipality ward -2

Representation from ENPHO and JICA Project Team 1. Bivor Maharjan Project Co-ordinator, ENPHO 2. Rajesh Byanjankar Assistant Project Officer, ENPHO 3. Sarmila Gwachha Assistant Project Officer, ENPHO 4. Merina Maharjan Assistant Project Officer, ENPHO 5. Miki Kodama CBDRRM Expert, JICA

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6. Apil K.C Consultant, JICA

1 - Day workshop on Prioritization of Disaster Risk Management Plan at LMC, Ward 8

S.N Name Designation/ Address Special participation from Governmental Organization

1. Hem Maharjan Ward Chairperson / Chairperson, CDMC 2. Harish Chandra Lamichhane Senior Engineer, LMC 3. Shrikrishna Khatri Ward Secretary / Secretary, CDMC 4. Gita Maharjan Social Mobilizer, LMC Ward - 8

Community Participants 5. Prakash Maharjan Elected ward member 6. Krishna Maharjan Elected ward member 7. Laxmi Maharjan Elected ward member 8. Uttam Shakya CDMC member 9. Sanukaji Maharjan CDMC member 10. Suraj Sthapit CDMC member 11. Sarmila Maharjan CDMC member 12. Nani Maharjan Representative of mother's group 13. Sanu Chori Maharjan LMC - 8 14. Jasmin Maharjan LMC - 8 15. Suman Maharjan CDMC member 16. Saraswoti Bajracharya Treasurer, CDMC 17. Tulashi P. Neupane Teacher 18. Bhim P Pokharel Teacher 19. Surendra Maharjan Tole representative 20. Sanu Krishna Chitrakar Tole representative 21. Kiran Gobinda Vaidhya 22. Sushil Man Shrestha Tole representative 23. Rita Maharjan Representative of mother's group 24. Sanuchori Maharjan THP 25. Nirmala Maharjan THP 26. Bimala Maharjan THP 27. Sahil Maharjan Representative form Guitole 28. Indra kumari Maharjan Representative form mother's group 29. Ram maya Maharjan Representative form Guitole 30. Subarna Maharjan CDMC Member 31. Anju Shakya Tole representative 32. Shrijan Shakya Tole representative

Representation from ENPHO and JICA Project Team Bivor Maharjan Project Co-ordinator, ENPHO Rajesh Byanjankar Assistant Project Officer, ENPHO Sarmila Gwachha Assistant Project Officer, ENPHO Merina Maharjan Assistant Project Officer, ENPHO Ani Maharjan Finance Officer, ENPHO Miki Kodama CBDRRM Expert, JICA Apil K.C Consultant, JICA

1 - Day workshop on Prioritization of Disaster Risk Management Plan at Bhaktapur Municipality, Ward 3

S.N Participants Name Address Contact no. 1 Dijan Twayana Ghatkha 2 Sangita Karmacharya Tekhacho 3 Jamuna Silakar Byasi 4 Sulochana Awal Degamana

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5 Maiya Laxmi Prajapati(Awal) Degamana 6 Krishna Gopal Chauguthi Degamana, Elected ward member 7 Anu Gosai Ward no. 3 8 Sani Silpakar Ward no. 3 9 Buddha Laxmi Makaju Kolachhen 10 Shiva Kumar Twayana Ward no. 3 11 Shiva Sundar Dhukhwo Kolachhen 12 Jagnath Gora Ward no. 3 13 Sanjeep Twayana Ghattkha 14 Deepak Swanepa Ward no. 3 15 Amit Gora Khauma 16 Amar Chauguthi Degaman 17 Sanjay Shilakar Nasmana 18 Sabina Twayana Ghatkha 19 Kshitiz Dhukhwo Kolachhen 20 Laxman Shilpakar Kolacheen 21 Bal Krishna Awal Tekha pukhu 22 Karan Manandhar Tekhacho 23 Maiya Ghatuwa (Twayana) Ghatkha 24 Maiya Suwal (Dhoju) Tekhacho 25 Rajani Prajapati (Awal) Tekhacho 26 Sunita Prajapati (Awal) Tekhacho 27 Purna Laxmi Thimi Tekhacho 28 Sarita Saiju Kolachhen 29 Ram Maya Khatakhwo Kolachhen

Special Participants 1 Raj Krishna Gora Ward chairperson 2 Bhiswo Ram Sibanjar Ward secretary 3 Ganesh Ram Suwal Ward no. 3

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ANNEX VI: DRR CARTE of Pilot Wards DRR carte of Budhanilkatha Municipality, Ward 2

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DRR Carte of Lalitpur Metropolitan City, Ward 8

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DRR Carte of Bhaktapur Municipality, Ward 3

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Annex VII: DRR Map of Pilot Wards

DRR Map of Budhanilkantha Municipality Ward 2

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DRR Map of Lalitpur Metropolitan City, Ward 8

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DRR Map of Bhaktapur Municipality, Ward 3

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Annex VIII: Certificate of workshop Certificate of 3-Day CBDRRM training to Municipal Officers and Relevant

Stakeholders

Certificate of 2-Day Workshop on Learning Risk and DRM System at Budhanilkantha

Municipality, Ward 2

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Certificate of 2-Day Workshop on Learning Risk and DRM System at LMC, Ward 8

Certificate of 2-Day Workshop on Learning Risk and DRM System at Bhaktapur Municipality, Ward 3

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Certificate of Handover at Budhanilkantha Municipality, Ward 2

Certificate of Handover at Lalitpur Metropolitan City, Ward 8

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Certificate of Handover at Bhaktapur Municipality, Ward 3

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Annex IX: Some Glimpse of the Workshops 3-Day CBDRRM training to Municipal Officers and Relevant Stakeholders

Explanation of the ERAKV Project Outline by Ms. Miki Kodama and Mr. Apil K.C

Participants discussing on disaster terminologies and its defination

Mr. Amar Dip Sunuwar, Section Officer, MoFALD, sharing 9MCs and LDRMP Guideline

Drawing evacuation map of municipality

Closing Remarks by JS, Mr. Gopi Krishna Khanal Certificate Distributioi to the Participants of LSMC from JS, Mr. Gopi Krishna Khanal

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2-Day Workshop on Learning Risk and DRM System at pilot Municipalities

Mr. Kenpei Kojika along with Mr. Apil KC briefing about project.at Bhaktapur Municipality, Ward 3

Participants working in hazard analysis of Bhaktapur Municipality, ward 3

Mr. Raj Krishna Gora, Ward Chairperson Bhaktapur Municipality-3 giving closing remarks.

Group photo of workshop particinats in Bhaktapur Municipality, Ward 3 along with JICA team

Participants matching disaster terms to its definition during session at Budhanilkantha Municipality-2

Describing Earthquake, Hazard and Risk in Nepal by Mr. Apil K.C, JICA ERAKV project at Budhanilkantha

Muncipality-2

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Descrinign Hazard Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment tools by Mr. Subarna Maharjan, Project

Officer, ENPHO at LMC, Ward 8

Participants working on disaster management cycle at LMC, Ward -8

Mr. Achyut Karki, Ward Secretary, Budhanilkantha Municipality-2 distributing certificate to the participants

Group photo of the participants in the workshop at Budhanilkantha Municipality-2 along with JICA team

Certificate distribution to the participants by Mr. Hari Prashad Dahal, Chief Executive Officer, Lalitpur

Metropolitan City

Closing remarks by Mr. Hari Prashad Dahal, Chief Executive Officer, LMC

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2- Day Workshop on Preparation of Community-Based DRM Map, Formation of Evacuation Map and Plan at Pilot Municipalities

Mr. Udhav Paoudel, Mayor of Budhanilkantha Municipality giving opening remarks during the workshop

at Budhanilkatha Municipality-2 Ms. Miki Kodama, CBDRRM expert-JICA ERAKV Project briefing about the best practices of disaster

preparedness of Japan during the workshop at Budhanilkantha Municipality-2

Participants of Budhanilkantha municipality-2 presenting the group work on DRR plan

Workshop participant presenting on HVCA map of Budhanilkatha Municipality-2

Participants analysing vulnerabilities of community during town watching at Bhaktapur Municipality-3

Participants doing FGD during town watching at Bhaktapur Municipality-3

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Participants working on DRR map at Bhaktapur Municipality-3

Participants discussing on DRM plan of the ward at Bhaktapur Municipality-3

Paricipants identifying vulnerabilitities and capacities of the ward through photographes taken during town

watching at LMC-8 Participants working on DRR map during Town watching at

LMC-8

Damaged house mention as vulnerability of LMC-8 Community well mention as capacity at LMC-8

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1 - Day workshop on Prioritization of Disaster Risk Management Plan at Pilot Municipalitites

Participants reviewing and updating DRM plan and HVCA data of Budhanilkantha Municipality-2

Participants prioritizing DRM plan of Budhanilkatha Municipality-2

Participants revising on DRR map of Budhanilkatha Municipality-2

Participants Revising DRR map of Bhaktapur Municipality-3

Sharing prioritized DRM plan of Bhaktapur Municipality-3

Mr. Raj Krishna Gora, Ward Chairperson, Bhaktapur Municipality-3 giving closong remarks after the

wokshop

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Ms. Miki Kodama along with Mr.Apil K.C shared about CBDRRM activities and its sustainability during

workshop at LMC-8

Participants of LMC-8 revieing DRR Carte during workshop

Participants working on DRR Map of LMC-8 to finalize Mr. Hem Maharjan, Ward Chairperson of LMC-8 expressing closing remarks at the workshop

Participant expressing her feedback at the end of the workshop, LMC-8

Group photo of the participants along with JICA team at the workshop, LMC-8

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Some glimpses of handover program at Budhanilkantha Municipality Ward 2

Participants practicing to hold victim on stretcher.

Some glimpses of handover program at Lalitpur Metropolitan City, Ward 8

(From left) Handover of Ward Level DRM plan by Mr. Uddav Kharel, Mayor, Budhanilkantha Municipality, Handover of emergency material certificate by Ms. Miki Kodama, CBDRM expert, Consultant, ERAKV project and Handover of Materials (Megaphone) by Mr. Uddhav Kkarel, Mayor of Budhanilkantha Municipality to CDMC/ Ward Chairperson, Mr Rajendra Khadka.

Group photo during handover program

Picture 1: (From left) Handover of Ward Level DRM plan by Ms. Geeta Satyal, Deputy Mayor, LMC , handover of emergency material certificate by Ms. Miki Kodama, CBDRM expert, Consultant, ERAKV project, handover of O and M Guideline by Mr. Prashanna Man Pradhan, Senior Manager, ENPHO to Ward / CDMC Chairperson Mr. Hem Maharjan

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Participants filling program evaluation form Mr. Laxman Mali, Nepal Red Cross Society, giving orientation on Fire Extinguisher and it use

Participants trying to control fire using fire extinguisher

Some glimpses of handover program at Bhaktapur Municipality Ward 3

Picture 2: (From left) Handover of Ward Level DRM plan by Mr. Sunil Prajapati, Mayor, Bhaktapur Municipality to Ward Chairman, Handover of emergency material certificate by Mr. Kenpei Kojika, Deputy team leader,

ERAKV project Handover of O and M Guideline by Mr. Rajendra Shrestha, Out Reach Director, ENPHO to Ward Chairman

Participants filling evaluation form Group photo during handover program

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Placement of DRR Map Hoarding Board at Budhanilkantha Municipality Ward 2

Placement of DRR Map Hoarding Board at Lalitpur Metropolitan City, Ward 8

DRR Map Hoarding Board at Chapali Health Post, Budhanilkantha Municipality, Ward 3

DRR Map Hoarding Board at Taulung, Budhanilkantha Municipality, Ward 3

DRR Map Hoarding Board at Ward Office, Budhanilkantha Municipality, Ward 3

DRR Map Hoarding Board at Balkumari Temple area, Lalitpur Metropolitan City, Ward 8

DRR Map Hoarding Board at Lhola Tole, Lalitpur Metropolitan City, Ward 8

DRR Map Hoarding Board at Rudreshwor Chowk, Budhanilkantha Municipality, Ward 3

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Placement of Map DRR Hoarding Board at Bhaktapur Municipality, Ward 3

DRR Map Hoarding Board at Bansagopal near Ward Office, Bhaktapur Municipality, Ward 3

DRR Map Hoarding Board at Khauma chowk, Bhaktapur Municipality, Ward 3

DRR Map Hoarding Board at Barahi Pith, Bhaktapur Municipality, Ward 3

DRR Map Hoarding Board at Nasmana Chowk, Bhaktapur Municipality, Ward 3

DRR Map Hoarding Board at Ward Office, Lalitpur Metropolitan City, Ward 8

DRR Map Hoarding Board at Chapat, Lalitpur Metropolitan City, Ward 8

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Some pictures of distribution of DRR carte and DRM summary at household of pilot wards

Pictures of the stockpiling places of Emergency Materials tools and equipment in each ward

Distribution of DRR Carte and DRM Summary in Budhanilkatha Municipality, Ward 2

Distribution of DRR Carte and DRM Summary in Lalitpur Metropolitan City, Ward 8

Stockpile of emergency materials at Budhanilkantha Municipality, Ward 2

Distribution of DRR Carte and DRM Summary in Bhaktapur Municipality, Ward 3

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Stockpile of emergency materials at different places of Lalitpur Metropolitan City Ward 8

Stockpile of emergency materials at different places of Bhaktapur Municipality, Ward 3

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