Ustaadh Dr. Nurul Hussain

Class Practice on Phrases and case

ending Date 15 Nov 2020

Review of Phrases in Arabic

i) Possessive Phrase:

Two True Nouns ,one Noun possesses the other.

Example:

للاه رسول = للا + رسول

Characteristics:

a) Both are True Nouns, not Adjective.

b) The first Noun is calledمضاف( Muzaf)

means Posessed and second Noun is called ليهه مضاف اه ( Muzaf-e-

Ilaih), means Posessor.

So رسول is Muzaf and للاه is Muzaf-Ilaih.

Characteristics of Muzaf

It is alwaysinIndefiniteform,butdoesn’tretainTanween,but

acquire a single Harakat.

Example:

From رسول which is normal indefinite form, will become رسول

Characteristics of Muzaf- e - Ilaih

ItisalwaysofDefiniteform.ButtheI’araboflastletter(Case

Ending) will be a Kasra.

Note:

Case Ending means what Harakat the last letter of the word (

Noun or Adjective ) is Ending with.

Case ending with a Kasra which is called in English Genitive and

in Arabic مجرور - meaning the last letter of the word carries a

ر .or Kasra جه

So Case Ending of ليه مضافا is مجرور or Genitive.

Example:

From للا which is a Definite Noun, it will become للاه

So the Phrase will become للاه رسول

Home work for next week

Please identify Muzaf and Muzaf-e- Ilaih from these Posessive

PhrasesandputI’arab(CaseEnding)onorunderthelastletter:

اب القرب أص : Inhabitant of the Grave

ألنار عذاب : Punishment of the Hell

لم دار الس : House of the Peace

يامة يوم القه : Day of the Judgement

تاب للا كه : Book of Allah

ii) Descriptive Phrase:

Here a True Noun is described by one or more Adjectives.

True Noun is called موصوف ( Mousuf ) - meaning possessor of

the Quality ( فة .with which is described (صه

The Adjective/s called فة with which the Noun is (Sifat ) صه

described.

3 Pattern:

a) If the Noun is described by a single Adjective

Example:

ي عذاب ولهم عظه

Here both True Noun ( عذاب ) and Adjective (ي follow each ( عظه

other in all Four aspects of :

. Definitiveness

. Gender

. Number and

. Case Ending.

Example:

ي عذاب ولهم عظه ( indefinite form )

د رامالح المسجه ( definite form )

ية عهيشة فه راضه ( feminine form )

بي هنات أ يت ( pleural form)

Both the members of the pairs are showing same اهعراب or Case

Endings.

b) If the Noun is described by Two Adjectives:

. If the Adjectives are definite , they will follow in all aspects with

themselves as well as the Noun:

Example:

نه للاه بهسمه ح يه الر حه الر

.If the Adjectives are of indefinite form, they only follow

themselves, but not the Noun:

ي وللا يد غنه حه

c) If a Noun is described by more than two Adjectives:

Here it is always of definite form. So the Adjectives follow

themselves as well as the Noun in all aspects.

Example:

ر بارهئال اخللهق للا هو ه المصو

Home work for This Week

Find the Sifat ( فت in the following Phrases (موصوف)Mousuf & ( صه

and put the اهعراب on or under the last letter of the Adjectives.

الهي عذاب ولهم

For them painful punishment

ي أ جر ولهم عظه

For them great reward

غفور عزهيز وللا

Allah is Almighty and Forgiving

القي و احلي للا

Allah is Ever Living and Sustainer of all that exist

ر البارهئ اخللهق للا هو ه المصو

He is Allah who is the Creator,the Inventor and the Fashioner.e

acts as a Noun.