OFFICIAL RECORDS - WHO | World Health Organization

OFFICIAL RECORDSOF THE

WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION

No. 4

MINUTES OF THE SECOND SESSION

OF THE INTERIM COMMISSIONHELD IN GENEVA FROM 4 TO 13 NOVEMBER 1946

United Nations


Interim Commission

Price : 1/3 $0.25

MI-\UTES

SECO

of the

D SESSIO-I\of the

INTERIM COMMISSIO-\Held in Geneva from 4 to 13 November 1946

United Nations


Interim Commission

350 Fifth Avenue, New York Palais des Nations, Geneva

FEBRUARY 1947

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PageA. List of Members 5

B. SUMMARY RECORDS OF MEETINGS OF THE COMMISSION :

1. First Meeting 72. Second Meeting 83. Third Meeting TO

4. Fourth Meeting 125. Fifth Meeting 156. Sixth Meeting 187. Seventh Meeting 228,. Eighth Meeting 269. Ninth Meeting 29

io. Tenth Meeting 32

C. Annexes 37

. LIST OF ANNEXES

AnnexNo.

SUMMARY RECORDS OF MEETINGS OF INTERNAL COMMITTEES

Committee on Administration and Finance:Page

List of Members 38I. First Meeting 392 . Second Meeting3. Third Meeting 434. Fourth Meeting 455. Fifth Meeting 46

Committee on Relations:List of Members 51

6. First Meeting 517. Second Meeting 558. Third Meeting 58

Committee on Epidemiology and Quarantine:List of Members 6o

9. First Meeting 6oTO . Second Meeting 64

DOCUMENTATION OF SESSION

II . Agenda (W.7, W.25) 7012 . Report of the Executive Secretary (W.16) 71

13 . Administrative Agreement with the United Nations (W.17) 7614. Staff Regulations (AF/W.4) 7715. Headquarters of the WHO (W.4, W.5, W.6, W.14, W.26, W.32) . 7816. Headquarters of Interim Commission (W.52, W.53, W.53/Rev. 1) . 89-

17. Co-operation with Specialized Agencies (W.8) 9018. Co-operation with Organizations interested in Health (W.io) 9719. Transfer of Health FtAnctions of League of Nations (Wm) 98

AnnexNo. Page20 . Draft Resolution concerning the Office International d'Hy giMe Publique

(W.4i) 10021 . Negotiations with the Pan American Sanitary Organization (W.19, W.3o,

W.33) ZOO

22. Transfer of UNRRA Activities (W.13, W.24, W.44, R/W.2) 10423 . Agreement with the United Nations (W.18, W.42, R/W.i, R. I, Appendix 1,

W.I8/Rev 11824. Report of the Committee on Relations (R. 1) 13525 . Public Information (W.21, W.29) 13626. Research Laboratories (W.39) 13927. Amendment to Rules of Procedure (AF/W.5) 14o28. Payment of Members (W.15, AF/W.3, W.35, W.54) 14029. Financial Regulations (W.9, AF/W.2, AF/3) 14330. Expenditure Estimates (W.2o) 14931. Reports of the Committee on Administration and Finance (Budget)

(AF/i, AF/2, AF/4) 15132. Appointment of Expert Members of Technical Committees (W.12,

W.34) 15833. Narcotic Drugs (W.3i) 161

34. Revision of International Lists of Causes of Death and Morbidity (W.36,W.45) i61

35. Sanitary Conventions (W.37, W.28) 16236. Biological Standardization (W.49) 164

37. Malaria and other Tropical Diseases (W.27, W.43, W.4o) 16438. Yellow Fever (W.38) 16639. Report of the Committee on Epidemiology and Quarantine (EQ/i) . 167

40. Public Health Services and Training of Staff (W.46, W.48) 169

41. Venereal Diseases (W.47) 16942. Definition of Geographical Areas (W.5o) 17043. Publications Policy (W.55) 170

44. Nuclear Committees (W.5i) 172

D. Index 173

- 5 --

LIST OF MEMBERS

i. The following members of the Commission were present at the Second Session:

Dr. Andrija STAMPAR, Rector of the University of Zagreb, Yugoslavia. Chairman.

Dr. Aly Tewfik CHOUCHA Pacha, Under-Secretary of State, Ministry of Public Health, Cairo,Egypt. Vice-Chairman.

Dr. Szeming SZE, Resident Representative of the National Health Administration of China,Washington, D.C., United States of America. Vice-Chairman.

Dr. André CAVAILLON, Directeur général de la Santé, Ministere de la Santé publique, Paris,France. (Absent last four meetings.)

Dr. Karl EVANG, Surgeon-General of the Department of Public Health, Oslo, Norway. (Absentfirst, ninth and tenth meetings.)

Dr. Arnoldo GABALDÓN, Chief, Malaria Division, Ministry of Health and Social Welfare, Caracas,Venezuela. Alternate.

Dr. Fedor Grigorievitch KROTKOV, Deputy Minister of Public Health, Member of the Academy.of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (Absent first threemeetings.)

Dr. Melville MACKENZIE, Principal Medical Officer, Ministry of Health, London, United Kingdom.

Major C. MANI, I. M. S. Deputy Public Health Commissioner, New Delhi, India.

Dr. Manuel MARTINEZ BAEZ, Permanent Representative of Mexico to UNESCO, Paris, France.Alternate. (Absent last meeting.)

Dr. Thomas PARRAN, Surgeon-General, Public Health Service, Washington, D.C., United Statesof America.

Dr. Geraldo H. DE PAULA SOUZA, Director of the Faculty of Hygiene and Public Health, Univer-sity of Sao Paulo, Brazil.

Dr. George Muir REDSHAW, Chief Medical Officer, Australia House, London, England. (Absentlast meeting.)

Dr. T. C. ROUTLEY, General Secretary, Canadian Medical Association, Toronto, Canada. Alter-nate.

Dr. Joseph N. TOGBA, Physician to Liberian Government, Department of State, Monriwia,Liberia. (Absent last meeting.)

. .

Dr. Cornelis VAN DEN BERG, Director-General of Public Health, Ministry, of Social Affairs, TheHague, Netherlands. -

**

2. The following members were absent:

Dr. Levko Ivanovitch MEDVED, Deputy Minister of Public Health, Kiev, Ukrainian S.S.R.

Dr. Carlos E. PAz-SoLDÁN, Professor of Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, University of San Marcos,Lima, Peru. _

3. The following also attended the Second Session :

Dr. H. A. ANSLEY, Assistant Director of Health Services, Department of National Health andWelfare, Ottawa, Canada. Adviser. - -

Dr. Lucien BERNARD, Médecin Inspecteur de la Santé, Ministère de la Santé publique,France. Alternate. . :-

Mr. R. BRAIN, Principal, Ministry of Health, London, United Kingdom. Adviser.

- 6 -Mr. Howard B. CALDERWOOD, Consultant, Public Health Service, Washington, D.C., United

States of America. Adviser.

M. Jean CHAPDELAINE, Secretary, Canadian Embassy in Paris, France. Adviser.

Mr. Brooke CLAXTON, Canadian Minister of National Health and Welfare, Ottawa, Canada.(Attended first meeting only.)

Dr. Dario CURIEL, Chief, Division of Epidemiology and Vital Statistics, Ministry of Health,Caracas, Venezuela. Alternate.

Dr. James A. DouLL, Chief of the Office of International Health Relations, Public HealthService, Washington, D.C., United States of America. Adviser.

Mr. C. H. K. EDMONDS, Assistant Secretary, Ministry of Health, London, United Kingdom.Adviser.

Mr. L. M. FEERY, Principal, General Register Office, London, United Kingdom. Alternate.

Mr. C. J. GOLIDSMIT, Health Department, Ministry of Social Affairs, The Hague, Netherlands.Adviser.

Dr. H. van Zile HYDE, Senior Surgeon, Public Health Service, Washington, D.C., United Statesof America. Alternate.

Dr. Dimitrije JuzsAMe, Professor of the Medical School of Skoplje, Yugoslavia. Alternate.

Dr. W. H. KAUNTZE, Chief Medical Adviser, Colonial Office, London, United Kingdom. Alternate.

Dr. Xavier LECLAINCHE, Directeur régional de la Santé, Paris, France. Alternate.

Dr. Santiago RUESTA MARCA, Technical Assessor, Ministry of Health and Social Welfare, Caracas,Venezuela. Adviser.

Dr. H. Y. SAUTTER, Médecin Inspecteur de la Santé, Ministère de la Santé publique, Paris,France. Alternate.

Dr. Percy STOCKS, Medical Statistician, Office of the Registrar-General for England and Wales.Adviser.

Dr. W. A. TIMMERMAN, Director of the National Institute of Public Health, Utrecht, Nether-lands. Alternate.

Mr. F. A. VALLAT, Assistant Legal Adviser, Foreign Office, London, United Kingdom. Adviser.

4. The following were present as observers:

UNITED NATIONS.

Mr. A. B. ELKIN, Assistant Director representing the Secretary-General in Geneva.(Present at first meeting only.)

Mr. Gilbert E. YATES, Secretary of the Economic and Social Council.

Dr. A. Jean LUCAS, Chief of the General Research Section, Department of Trusteeship.

OFFICE INTERNATIONAL D'HYGIÈNE PUBLI QUE.

Dr. M. T. MORGAN, President of the Permanent Committee.

Dr. L. M. GAUD, Président de la Commission des Finances et du Transfert.

PAN AMERICAN SANITARY BUREAU.

Dr. Aristides A. MOLL, Secretary.

UNRRA.

Dr. Neville M. GOODMAN, Director of Health Division, European Regional Office, London.

5. The following represented the Secretariat:

Dr. Brock CHISHOLM, Executive Secretary.

Dr. Yves M. BIRAUD, Deputy Executive Secretary.

Dr. Raymond GAUTIER, Counsellor.

SUMMARY RECORDS OF MEETINGS OF THE COMMISSION

FIRST MEETING

Held on Monday, 4 November 1946, at 3 p.m., Palais des Nations, Geneva.

Chairman: Dr. A. STAMPAR (Yugoslavia).

1. Opening Remarks.

The CHAIRMAN opened the second session ofthe Interim Commission of the World HealthOrganization, expressing his pleasure at seeingthe various representatives.

He informed the Commission that Dr. C. E.Paz Soldán, the representative from Peru, wouldbe unable to take part in the meetings ; thatDr. F. G. Krotkov, the representative from theU.S.S.R., and Dr. L. I. Medved, the represen-tative of the Ukrainian S.S.R., Would arriveshortly ; and that the representative fromNorway, Dr. Karl Evang, was expected on thefollowing day.

He then called upon Mr. A. B. Elkin,Assistant Director representing the Secretary-General of the United Na tions at Geneva.

Mr. ELKIN read a message from the Secretary-General of the United Nations in New York,which emphasized, on behalf of the UnitedNations, the hope placed by all peoples in thework of the World Health Organization inalleviating the sufferings of humanity andcombating disease and death. The UnitedNations would give the fullest assistance to theCommission in the accomplishment of itstasks.

He added, further, some words of welcomeon behalf of M. Moderow, who represented theSecretary-General of the United Nations atGeneva and who was at the moment on hisway to the United States. The Commissioncould be assured that the United Nationswould do its utmost to enable the Commissionto establish the World Healtir Organization assoon as possible.

After expressing the thanks of the Commis-sion for this friendly welcome, the CHAIRMANcalled upon Mr. Brooke Claxton, CanadianMinister of Public Health and Welfare.

Mr. CLAXTON said that his country fullyrecognized the value of the Commission'swork ; it had the fullest support of his Govern-ment, inasmuch as it represented an essentialstep on the road leading to lasting peace. TheWorld Health Organization would be a power-ful instrument of universal action for improvinghealth and all that depended upon health,such as human happiness and productivecapacity. It was most desirable that all Govern-ments should contribute to the realization ofthe ideal of the World Health Organization byadhering to it and supporting it loyally. Heexpressed his regret that lie would not be able

to remain in Geneva, but assured the Commis-sion that his country would continue tocollaborate in its work, with a view to advanc-ing a stage further in the direction of a betterworld.

The CHAIRMAN thanked the speaker for hisencouraging words, and then welcomed thevarious observers who were present (see listat beginning of document).

He next referred to the agenda of the secondsession and asked if the Members agreed to it.

2. Agenda (document WHO.IC/W.7,Annex zra).

The following modifications were proposed tothe agenda :

Dr. SZE requested that, in item 9 (DrugCommission), the words " two members of theDrug Supervisory Commission of the UnitedNations " be replaced by the words " ExpertCommittee on Narcotic Drugs ". He alsoconsidered that the questions mentioned initem io (Administrative Questions) should beset out in greater detail, with a view to clarify-ing the discussion. Finally, he suggested that,in accordance with the Rules of Procedure, anitem " Place and date of next session " beincluded on the agenda.

Dr. MACKENZIE proposed that the Commis-sion be permitted to depart from the order inwhich items stood on the agenda, in thediscussion of these items.

Dr. HYDE observed, with regard to item 5,that a Sub-Committee had been appointed toexamine the question of the Pan AmericanSanitary Bureau ; it had carried on its workby correspondence and would hold meetingsduring the present session. Therefore, herequested that item 5 be changed to "Reportof the Sub-Committee on Relations with thePan American Sanitary Bureau".

In reply to various observations, theEXECUTIVE SECRETARY informed the Com-mission that a detailed addendum to theagenda would shortly be distributed (seedocument WHOJC/W.25, Annex xib). Theagenda was then approved by all Memberspresent, subject to the reservations mentionedabove.

3. Vice-President.

Dr. SZE asked whether it would not beadvisable to elect a new Vice-President at

,

5 NOVEMBER 1946 SECOND MEETING

once, since Dr. Mondragón, one of the pre-viously elected Vice-Presidents, was not inGeneva. He emphasized that such appoint-ments were personal in character.

The CHAIRMAN deemed it better to postponethis election until all Members were present,and this was agreed to by the Commission.He then asked Dr. Chisholm, the ExecutiveSecretary, to submit his report on the workwhich had been accomplished by the Secre-tariat of the Interim Commission since the endof the first session.

4. Report of the Executive Secretary (docu-ment WHOJC/W.16, Annex 12).

The EXECUTIVE SECRETARY read his report,chapter by chapter.

With respect to the " Seat of the Organ-ization", he mentioned that, after his report hadbeen drawn up, a letter had been received fromthe Swiss Government offering the samefacilities to the Interim Commission as thoseoffered to the Organization itself (see documentWHO.IC/W.14 Annex 15(1). In the chapterheaded " Finance ", the reference in thesecond paragraph should read " WHO,IC/W.2o,

Annex " C " not " W.14 " ; and with regardto the " Transfer of the Health Functions ofUNRRA ", reference should be made notonly to document WHOIC/W.I3, but also todocument WHOJC/W.24 : this contained atelegram, which he read, from the Director-General of UNRRA. (See Annex 22a and b).

tn conclusion, he expressed to Dr. Biraudhis warm gratitude for the splendid work whichhe and the rest of the staff had accomplishedin a short time-often under difficult condi-tions.

5. Programme for Next Meeting.The CHAIRMAN thanked Dr. Chisholm for

the excellent report which he had submittedand suggested that the general discussionshould be adjourned to the next meeting, atwhich all Members would probably be present.He further suggested that Dr. Morgan, whohad to leave Geneva shortly, should be invitedto submit his report on the affiliation of theOgce International d'Hygiène Publique thefollowing day, Tuesday.

This suggestion was agreed to by theCommission.

The meeting rose at 4.45 p.m.

SECOND MEETING

Held on Tuesday, 5 November 1946, at .ro a.m., Palais des Nations, Geneva.


1. Programme for Meeting.

The CHAIRMAN suggested that the adoptionof the Minutes of the First Session should bepostponed for a few days, so that Memberswould have the necessary time to study them,and it was agreed to proceed to a general-debateon the report of the Executive- Secretary. :

2. Report of the Executive Secretary (document WHO.IC/W.16, Annex' 12).

Dr. VAN DEN BERG, after congratulating theExecutive Secretary and Dr. Biraud on theexcellent report presented. to_ the.Commission,drew, attention to point VIII of the report-Membership of the Interim Commission. Hewondered if he were right in thinking thatMembers Of thé Interim aminission *ere, ipsofacto, members of its 'internal committees.

Dt. Bm4un explained that, owing to theuriceitainty as' to the exact-composition of theInterim Commission, countries had been askedto nominate members for the Epidemiologicaland Quarantine Committee. Since no nomi-nations had been received,: it was clear that1VI embers free.,

constitute the Committee from among them-selves, and also had the power to select expertsfor technical committees.

Dr. MACKENZIE emphasized that the internalcommittees should. consist: only[of MenibetS: ofthe :Interim COmmission:;' . the. :dase: of :technical committees, the Commission wouldappoint experts or advisers.

Dt. Szt was of the opinion that tio actionwas required except the adoptioñ of the report.With reference, hoWéver, to the duration of the.Interim Commission-which would cease .toexist some time within six months aftertwenty-six members had ratified the Constitu-tionl-he asked whether the Executive Secretary could report on when ratifications.werelikely to be received. He wondered whetherMembers of the Commission could not be askedto indicate approximate dates, as far as their.own Governments were concerned, and to give

1" Constitution of the World Health Organiz-ation ", Final A cts of the International HealthConf erence , United Nations document ER 55,Nqw..York,. October 190...

F; SECOND MEETING _ 9 _ 5 NOVEMBER 1946

similar information with regard to the Protocolconcerning the Office International d'HygiènePublique.1 As to the Recruitment of Staff (pointIX of the report), about which he was some-what uneasy, he hoped that some provisionalstaff regulations might be drafted and suggestedthat this question should again be dealt withunder item io of the agenda.

Dr. MANI, while seconding the proposalfor the adoption of the report, thought that thestatement in point V that " it was necessaryfor the Executive Secretary to allay the fearsregarding an alleged intention of the WHO topress programmes of State Medicine on variouscountries " should not be interpreted to meanthat the Interim Commission committed itselfnot to press for certain State medical services.Also, with reference to point IX, on the staff ofthe Interim Commission, he observed that,among the persons already appointed, therewere no representatives of Asia, Africa or Aus-tralia. He hoped that in the future geogra-phical considerations would be borne in mind.

Dr. PARRAN likewise paid tribute to thereport, but stated that he hoped that, inapproving it, the Interim Commission wouldnot necessarily be committing itself to approvalof all the documents upon which it was based.

Dr. MACKENZIE, prefacing his remarks witha very warm appreciation of the work done bythe Executive Secretary, stated that, in viewof the increased responsibilities with which theCommission would now be faced in taking overthe work and functions of three organizations,he was happy that it could count on the efficientservices of Dr. Chisholm and Dr. Biraud. Hebelieved with Dr. Parran that the report shouldnot be accepted or adopted, but merely noted ;and a formal motion to that effect was madeby Dr. TOGBA, Dr. GABALDON expressing hisagreement with the previous speakers, andstating that, in his opinion, the report was aproof of the vitality of the Commission.

3. Ratifications.

In reply to Dr. Sze, the EXECUTIVESECRETARY stated that China and the UnitedKingdom had, of course, signed the Constitu-tion withont reservation ; additional ratifi-cations had been received from Canada andNew Zealand ; moreover, the Economic andSocial Council had passed a strong resolutionon 17 September urging all Governments toratify as soon as possible. He hoped shortlyto have a report on ratifications of the Protocolconcerning the Office.

4. Recruitment of Staff.

As to the lack of staff regulations, theEXE,CUTIVE SECRETARY did not think that

1" Protocol Concerning the Office Internationald'Hygihne Publique " , Final Acts of the Inter-national Health Conference, United Nationsdocument E/155, New York, October 1946.

recruitment was being held up on this ground.United Natiolis regulations, with necessaryadjustments, were being temporarily used.He agreed with Dr. Mani that the geogra-phical distribution with regard to staff wasdisproportionate, and stated that this tendencywould only become aggravated if the Commis-sion were to take over staff from the Office andfrom UNRRA. Facts, however, had to befaced, and the Commission should be preparedto recognize the impossibility of having anequitable geographical distribution in the earlystages of its work.

Dr. MANI was grateful to the ExecutiveSecretary for clarification. In the recruitmentof staff, he realized the difficulties in takingover existing personnel ; certain countrieshad been especially favoured in the past.He was not prepared to accept the explana-tion of the Executive Secretary or to agreethat entire staffs should be taken over. Ifthis were done, no outsider could ever beadmitted into the Organization, and countrieslike Egypt, Africa and Australia would not berepresented. He considered that only theminimum essential staff should be inherited.

5. National Health Programmes.

In reply to the question about nationalhealth programmes, the EXECUTIVE SECRETARYsaid that he had assured the World MedicalAssociation that the WHO would not interferein domestic health policies and would notattempt to force States to adopt any particularmethod of national health principles or tnedicalcare. This question had been discussed at themeeting of the World Medical Association inLondon.

Dr. MANI stated that he did not agree withtile Executive Secretary in this matter.Nothingin the Constitution of the WHO wouldprevent it from making recommendations toGovernments, and there was no question ofpressing the adoption of any one systeni. Thepower of making recommendations was afundamental one which could not be renounced.

Dr. EVANG considered the position clear, asstated in Article 2 (p) of the Constitution, bywhich the WHO was committed to " report onmedical care from preventive and curativepoints of view ". It was obvious that the WHOshould and would deal with problems which fellwithin the province of the World MedicalAssociation, although from another aspect. Hecongratulated the Executive Secretary on hisvisit to London, which had resulted in theresolution passed by the World MedicalAssociation recommending co-operation withthe WHO. All the means at the disposal ofthe WHO should be used towards encouragingco-operation in health matters. The WHO wascompletely independent, however, and couldnot be bound by the policy, of any otherorganiiation.

5 NOVEA;IBER 1946 10. - THIRD MEETING

Dr. CAVAILLON stated, first, that Franceintended to ratify the Protoc6l as soon aspossible. As for the staff of the InterimCommission, he shared the views expressedby Dr. Mani ; before any appointments ofFrench nationals were made, the FrenchGovernment would wish to be consulted andto have names submitted to it. With referenceto the question of the World Medical Associa-tion, he was at a loss to understand the objectof the discussion. It was obvious that theCommission could not impose a general healthpolicy on Governments ; it could merely drawup a programme which Governments were freeto accept or to reject.

Dr. ROUTLEY felt that, as the only Memberof the Interim Commission present at themeeting in London of the World MedicalAssociation, he should make a few comments.After describing the circumstances which hadled to the convening of this conference,attended by a hundred delegates and byobservers from thirty-two Medical Associations,he said that he did not conceive it to be theduty of the WHO to indicate to any Govern-ment the structure of medical administrationwhich it should adopt, and warned the Com-mission that any attempt to tell Governmentshow medicine should be practised would spellthe failure of the Health Organization. Heexplained that one of the aims of the WorldMedical Association-the one of most interestto the WHO-was to " establish relations withand to present the views of the medicalprofession to the WHO, UNESCO and otherappropriate bodies " 1. As Chairman of theforthcoming meeting of the Preparatory Com-mission of the World Medical Association, towhich the British, American and CanadianMedical Associations had already adhered, he

had the ardent desire to win for the WHO thewhole-hearted support of that body. Hetherefore deplored any statement that theWHO intended to impose its views on anycountry-a consideration which would causeapprehension in the medical profession all overthe world.

Dr. EVANG remarked that he assumed thatthis discussion of national health policies wouldbe resumed when, later, item (7) of the agendawas considered. He regretted if a wrongimpression had been created : he had not meantto imply that the WHO should impose anymeasures on Governments but merely tounderline the competence of the WHO, asdefined in its Constitution.

Dr. MANI agreed and observed that thestatement made by the Executive Secretaryhad in no way committed the Organization toany policy as to medical practice.

Finally, it was pointed out by Dr. CAVAILLONthat obviously the collaboration of the medicalprofession would be essential for the successof any scheme for the promotion of health.Any recommendations to Governments, how-ever, should emanate from the Interim Com-mission, not from national medical associations.This fact emerged from the provisions inparagraphs j, p and q of Article 2 of theConstitution, but it did not mean that theInterim Commission could impose measures onGovernments. He was therefore in entireagreement with the statement of the ExecutiveSecretary : there was a large margin betweenthe imposition of rules and the giving of advice,and it was within this margin that co-operationshould take place.

The meeting rose at 12 noon.

THIRD MEETING

Held on Tuesday, 5 November 1946, at 3.30 p.m., Palais des Nations, Geneva.


L Co-operation with. the World MedicalAssociation.

After the CHAIRMAN had opened the meetingby reading a telegram from Dr. Paz Soldán(Peru), who, unable to be present in Geneva,had sent his best wishes for the success of thesession, Dr. ROUTLEY stated that he was inagreement with the final remarks made in thepreceding meeting about co-operation with theWorld Medical Association. The discussion ofthis question was therefore closed.

1- See Minutes of the International MedicalConference, page 2 : Association professionnelleinternationale des Médecins and British MedicalAssociation ; London, SePtember 1946.

2. Report on the Office International d'Ily-gfine Puhfique.

Dr. MORGAN, Chairman of the PermanentCommittee of the Office International d'HygiènePublique, then presented his report.

The Permanent Committee had met in Parison 23 October 1946, to examine how to giveeffect to the terms of the New York Arrange-ment and Protocol. A Commission of Transferhad been set up, to study :

(1) The present financial situation of theOffice both with regard to the balancingof its budget and the different fundsmaking up its reserves ;

(2) The inventory of the different funds andpersonal estate constituting the assetsof the Office; and

THIRD MEETING - II - 5 NOVEMBER 1946

(3) The exact statutory situation of thestaff of the Office and the charges result-ing from the indemnities to be paidfor dismissal of and pensions to staff nolonger employed.

To deal with points (2) and (3), two specialCommissions had been set up, the first onAssets and the second on Pensions and Indem-nities.

Dr. Morgan then read the resolution by whichthe Commission was empowered, together withthe Chairman of the Permanent Committee andany two of its members, to undertake negotia-tions for the transfer of the assets and liabilitiesof the Office to the Interim Commission 1.

He stated that the Office was prepared totransmit the greater part of its activities to theInterim Commission, but that the questionarose as to when and how this transfer shouldtake place. There was no question of obligationas to transfer of staff, which would either beretired or compensated for termination ofemployment. As soon as the place and the dateof the transfer had been decided upon, he, asChairman of the Permanent Committee of theOffice, would inform all the Governmentsconcerned, regardless of whether they weresignatories of both the Rome 2 and New York3Conventions or of the Rome Convention alone.

In conclusion, he emphasized that the dis-cussions in the Permanent Committee hadtaken place in a spirit of sincere desire forco-operation with the new Organization.

The CHAIRMAN thanked Dr. Morgan for theunselfish spirit of collaboration which he hadshown with respect to the transfer of theseactivities.

Dr. GAUD, Chairman of the Commission onTransfers of the Office, then gave a summaryof the administrative and financial situation ofthat organization. He showed that the threeprincipal points studied by the Commission,with the help of legal and financial experts,had been the inventory of the movable pro-perty of the Office, its financial situation andthe statutory position of its personnel.

It appeared from the particulars given byDr. Gaud that, as from r September 1946, theavailable assets of the Office, of which nine-tenths were in " sound " currencies, almostbalanced its liabilities. Certain Governmentsowed important amounts, but some contribu-tions had been received since i September, andothers were expected ; if these were dulyreceived, the Office would be able to transfer anappreciable credit to the WHO.

Resolution in Minutes of Session of Per-manent Committee of the Office Internationald'Hygiène Publique held in Paris 23-31 October1947.

2 Arrangement international signé a Rome,9 décembre 1907, published by the Office Inter-national d'Hygiene Publique.

3 " Protocol Concerning the Office Inter-national d'Hygiène Publique", Final Acts of theInternational Health Conference, United Na-tions document E/155, New York, October 1946.

The CHAIRMAN thanked Dr. Gaud for hissummary.

Although Dr. MACKENZIE felt that his dualcapacity as a Member of the Interim Commis-sion and of the Permanent Committee andCommission of Transfer of the Office placed himin a somewhat delicate situation, he wished toreport to the Commission on the Co-operativespirit in which the Office had prepared thereport which had just been presented. In thisrespect, he mentioned particularly Dr. Morganand Dr. Gaud, as well as the Director of theOffice, Dr. R. Pierret, who was going to resignin order to facilitate the transfer to the InterimCommission. The Office had accomplished anadmirable piece of work, and the BritishGovernment would never have agreed to itsbeing absorbed were it not for the desirabilityof having a single world health organization.

Dr. MORGAN pointed out that the rulesgoverning the staff pensions of the Office hadbeen modified. The Rome Arrangement 2 hadprovided that any new statute which wasdrawn up had to be communicated to thesignatory Governments for their approval ;approval was, however, tacit, and if no objec-tions reached Paris, such a statute would comeinto force.

Furthermore, if the contributions still duefrom Governments were paid even partially, -

the Office could present the Interim Commissionwith a balance-sheet showing a considerableexcess of assets over liabilities. Should this notbe the case, there would be a slight excess ofliabilities.

3. Date of Transfer of Activities of OfficeInternational d'Hygiène Publique.

The EXECUTIVE SECRETARY said that, as theepidemiological activities of UNRRA would betransferred to the Interim Commission as fromr December 1946, it would be desirable for theCommission to take over those of the Office atthe same time, rather than to proceed by twost ages .

Dr. MORGAN thought that this would bepossible, and the date of transfer was thereforefixed as r December 1946. The place of transfer,however, remained to be selected.

Replying to a question from the Chairman,Dr. CAVAILLON said that he was in agreementwith the proposed arrangement.

4. Sub-Committee for Transfer of OfficeInternational d'Hygiène Publique.

In order to settle the question of transferrapidly, the CHAIRMAN proposed to set up anad hoc sub-committee of the Relations Com-mittee, composed of some Members who couldeasily be reached and could meet together onshort notice, viz. :

Dr. MARTINEZ BAEZ, who would be in Paris ;Dr. VAN DEN BERG, in The Hague ; andDI. REDSHAW, in London.No objection having been raised, the Sub-

Committee for Negotiations with the Office wasthus constituted.

8 NOVEMBER 1946 - 12 - FOURTH MEETING

5. Division of Work.

To expedite the work of the Interim Com-mission, while at the same time facilitating amore thorough examination of certain questionson the agenda (see document WHO.IC/W.25,Annex lib), the CHAIRMAN proposed that theCommission should be split into two groups :the first, the Committee on Relations, whichwould examine questions coming under items 3,5, 6 and 7 of the agenda ; the second, theCommittee on Administration and Finance,which would study item ro. Each group woulddraw up a report to be presented and discussedin a plenary meeting to take place on Friday,8 November.

He recalled that the Committee on Relationshad been composed of the representativesfrom Australia, Brazil, Egypt, Mexico, theNetherlands, Norway, the Union of SovietSocialist Republics, the United States ofAmerica and Venezuela. Its first meeting wouldbe held on Wednesday, 6 November, at io a.m.,under the chairmanship of Dr. Choucha Pacha.

The Committee on Administration andFinance had been composed of the represen-tatives from Canada, China, France, Mexico,the Netherlands, the Ukraine, the UnitedKingdom, the United States of America, andYugoslavia. Those from India and Liberia

would also be attached to it until the firstmeeting of the Committee on Epidemiologyand Quarantine, of which they were members,took place. It would meet on Wednesday,6 November, at 3 p.m., with Dr. van den Bergin the chair.

Replying to a question, the CHAIRMAN statedthat the points on the agenda which had notbeen allocated to either of these two Com-mittees would be discussed in plenary meetings.

6. Date for End of Session.

Dr. ROUTLEY then asked whether it wouldbe possible to fix a date for the terminationof the work of the second_ session of theInterim Commission, and the CHAIRMANexplained that, although some delegates werenot yet present, he believed that they wouldarrive on the following day or the day afterand that, in his opinion, the work could befinished on Tuesday, 12 November.

Dr. PARRAN-enquired whether it might not bepossible to expedite the work by arranging forboth Committees to sit at the same time, buthe was informed that this would not befeasible, owing to Secretariat difficulties.


FOURTH MEETING

Held on Friday, 8 November 1946, at .ro a.m., Palais des Nations, Geniva.


1. Res'olutions of the Relations Committee.After the CHAIRMAN had opened the meeting,

Dr. CHOUCHA Pacha, Chairman of the Com-mittee on Relations, informed the Commissionthat this Committee had taken two decisions,namely :

That item 5 on the agenda-Presentstate of negotiations with the Pan-American Sanitary. Bureau-should bebrought before the Commission afterthe report on the question had beencirculated ;That to deal with item 6-Co-operationbetween the WHO and Other SpecializedAgencies-a small sub-committee shouldbe appointed to study and report onthe memorandum of the ExecutiveSecretary, which, in general, had beenaccepted.

The Commission decided that these twopoints would be taken up later in the session.

(1)

(2)

2. Documents in Both Languages.

On a point of procedure raised by the CHAIR-MAN as to whether documents should be accept-ed as having been read by Members in both

languages, Dr. SZE stated that he was preparedto accept this. He thought, however, that thewishes of Dr. Krotkov, who had only justarrived and might therefore not have had tinieto study all the documents distributed, shouldbe taken into account.

Dr. KROTKOV interposed that, althoughhaving no time to examine the documents indetail, he had nevertheless perused them. Hedid not wish to delay the work of the Com-mission and thought that his position shouldnot influence the decision on this matter.

It was therefore agreed that the documentsshould be taken as having been read in bothlanguages.

3. Headquarters of the World Health Orga-nization (documents,WHO.IC/W.4 ; WHO.IC/W.5 ; WHO.IC/W.6 ;Annex 1-5a-d).

The CHAIRMAN suggested that the questionof the location of headquarters for the InterimCommission should be postponed until certainMembers had had time to obtain instructionsfrom their Governments, and it was decidedto pass on to a discussion of the headquartersof the World Health Organization itself.

FOURTH MEETING - 13 - 8 NOVEMBER 1946

Dr. KROTKOV considered that the WHOshould be located, if possible, near the seatof the United Nations. This was a question ofprinciple, the importance of which should notbe minimized.

Dr. SZE, on behalf of China, Egypt, Indiaand Liberia, submitted a resolution recom-mending the appointment of a committee ofthree to study the question of the site (docu-ment WHO.IC/W.26, Annex 15e). He saidthat, although greatly appreciating the offerof facilities and hospitality on the part of theFrench and Swiss Governments, certainMembers of the Commission felt that consider-ation should be given to offers of land foreventual building purposes and also that a listof such offers should be presented to theHealth Assembly for examination. He madehis suggestions merely with a view to crystalliz-ing the choice of location and facilitatingthe discussion.

Dr. EVANG said that he was not clear as tothe object of the proposed resolution, since theInterim Commission had been asked to studythe question of possibilities for permanentheadquarters, and, he felt, could not pass thisduty on to a committee. More material wasneeded, he agreed, before any decision couldbe taken. He objected emphatically to the thirdparagraph, and suggested that the InterimCommission merely note the resolution,requesting the Secretariat to continue itsstudies and to report at the next session. TheChairman might, if he saw fit, appoint a smallcommittee to assist the Secretariat in its task.

Dr. VAN DEN BERG supported in principlethe resolution presented by Dr. Sze, statingthat he would revert to the actual wording ofit later. He reminded the Commission that thechoice was not limited to Paris or Geneva :all possibilities should be explored, attentionbeing paid to the various proposals which hadbeen made in a meeting of Committee II of theInternational Health Conference : namely, thatthe headquarters might be located (1) in theUnited States of America, (2) in the same townas the seat of the United Nations, (3) in Europe'.He definitely opposed the idea of provokingany offers of land, since a building in which tohouse the staff was the primary need ; theclause dealing with such offers should beomitted from the resolution. In his opinion, apreparatory committee should be appointed,to work in close harmony with the Secretariaton the subject of headquarters.

Dr. MACKENZIE raised a point of a legalcharacter in connection with the provisionalnegotiations with the Swiss Government (docu-ments WHO.IC/W.5 ; WHO.IC/W.14, Annex

b, d). He stated that there were four reasonswhy an agreement between the WHO and oneof its Member States shduld not be the means

I See Summary Record of the Eleventh Meetingof Committee Two of the International HealthConference, United Nations document E/H/AF/W.31, page 4.

of conferring legal capacity, privileges andimmunities on the WHO. These were asfollows :

(a) There was no express provision in theConstitution of the WHO which gave itpower to make an agreement for thispurpose with any of its Members ;

(b) This procedure was not in accordancewith that contemplated by Article 68of the Constitution ;

(c) It was not in accord with the procedurefor unification of privileges which hadbeen recommended by the GeneralAssembly of the United Nations ;

(d) In the case of the United Kingdom, anundertaking had been given by HisMajesty's Government to the House ofCommons that an Order-in-Council con-ferring privileges under the DiplomaticPrivileges (Extension) Act, 1946, wouldonly be made if the procedure forunification recommended by the UnitedNations were followed.

He supported the resolution with thereservation made by Dr. van den Berg, sincehe felt that too much stress had been laid onbuilding and sites as being important factorsin determining the choice of a seat. He askedwhether the authors of the resolution wouldbe willing to delete the last three paragraphsand substitute for paragraph (I) the followingtext :

" In making such studies, the committeewould give consideration to such questionsas the Agreement with the host State, theinternationalization of the seat, the politicalconditions in the host State, accessibilityfrom and to the world at large, unrestrictedand uninterrupted contact between the WHOand all countries of the world, climaticconditions, general use by the localpopulation of either of the working languagesof the United Nations, adequate facilitiesfor the immediate establishment of thenecessary offices, printing facilities, etc., andthe principle of centralization. "

Dr. CAVAILLON agreed with the amendmentproposed by Dr. Mackenzie ; he was categoric-ally opposed to paragraphs 3 and 4 of theoriginal resolution. The primary aim of theWHO was the promotion of health and well-being throughout the world, not the buildingof a palace. Such an idea would give rise tomuch adverse criticism. He was not opposedto the appointment of a committee subject tothe reservation made by Dr. Mackenzie,although the Secretariat had done remarkablework, which should be continued.

Dr. KROTKOV underlined the gravity of thequestion before the Commission, which, he said,was of paramount importance, since thedecision would bind the WHO not for a fewyears but for a far longer period. He thought

8 NOVEMBER 1946 - 14 - FOURTH MEETING

that great prudence should be exercised andthat, meanwhile, work could be carried on atthe present seat in New York. He saw nonecessity for the appointment of a committee,but thought that the work could be continuedby the Secretariat and a report presented tothe Interim Commission at its next session orlater.

Dr. EVANG supported the amendment madeby Dr. Mackenzie and suggested, further, that,in the first paragraph of the original resolution,the words : " with a vieW to submitting suchstudies through the Interim Commission to thefirst session of the Health Assembly " bealtered, to read : " with a view to submittingsuch studies to the Interim Commission at itsnext session. "

Dr. ROUTLEY, referring, first, to Article 43of the Constitution, which stated that the" location of the headquarters of the Organ-ization shall be determined by the HealthAssembly after consultation with the UnitedNations ", and, secondly, to Article 2 of theterms of reference of the Interim Commission," to make studies regarding the location of theheadquarters of the Organization ", drew theattention of the Commission to the fact thatthe only point under discussion was whethersuch studies should be made by the Secretariat,by a special committee or by a combination ofboth. He felt that it would be useful for theSecretariat to be assisted in some way in itsstudies, and he supported the principle of theresolution, suggesting, however, that thenumber of members of the committee shouldbe increased it should work inclose collaboration with the Secretariat.Finally, reverting to Article 43 of the Constitu-tion, he thought that it would be wise if arepresentative of the United Nations would actas an observer on the committee, so that theUnited Nations would be constantly informedabout the committee's work. He laid stress onthe importance of making an exhaustive studyof the subject, in order that the Assemblymight be enabled to take a final decisionwithout loss of time.

Dr. DE PAULA SOUZA, while agreeing withDr. Mackenzie in his amendment, thought thatconsideration should also be given to thoseplaces which might attract the cream of themedical profession and offer intellectual andprofessional advantages. This, he thought,would have a stimulating influence on the workof the WHO.

Dr. MANI summarized the debate on theresolution, which, he felt, the Commissionshould now consider in the light of the amend-ments proposed, the most important of whichbeing the amendment submitted by Dr.Mackenzie providing for the deletion ofparagraphs 2, 3 and 4 and the substitutionof a new paragraph 1. He also referred to themain points raised by Dr. Routley, namery :(1) that the work of the committee should berestricted to a study of the question ; (2) thatthe committee should consist of five ratherthan three members ; (3) that it should work

in collaboration with the Secretariat ; and(4) that a representative of the United Nationsbe asked to act as observer to the committee.All of these suggestions were acceptable to thejoint authors of the resolution, as was also themodification to paragraph I proposed byDr. Evang.

Dr. ROUTLEY thought that the resolutionmight be drafted in quite a simple way, as,for example :

" That a committee of five be appointedto make studies regarding the location of theheadquarters of the Organization, the com-mittee to report back to the Commission. "As for the suggestion of Dr. Mackenzie

regarding the terms of reference of the corn-mittee, and the suggestion which he himselfhad made to invite the United Nations toappoint an observer, he thought that theseshould not form a part of the main resolutionbut be incorporated in the terms of reference.

Mr. YATES, drawing the attention of theCommission to the facilities in Geneva, asdiscussed on page 4 of document WHO.IC/W.4,considered it desirable that the policy of theUnited Nations should be placed more fullybefore the Commission. It was, of course, amatter for the WHO to decide on the locationof its own headquarters, under Article 43 of itsConstitution, " after consultation with , theUnited Nations ". There was no desire toquestion that right. The offer mentioned onpage 4 meant that, if the WHO decided, afterdue consultation, to locate its headquarters inGeneva, the United Nations would try to placefacilities at its disposal. This did not detractfrom the general policy of the United Nations,as set out in the report of the PreparatoryCommission under Article 42, that :

" The Economic and Social Council, in itsnegotiations with the specialized agencies,should make the location of the headquartersof these agencies a point of major importance,with a view to securing the advantages whichflow from centralization. However, theundoubted advantages following from cen-tralization must be weighed against thefactors which, in certain instances, mayoperate in favour of locating the headquartersof an agency in a place which is particularlysuited to the discharge of its functions. Thepossibility or making exceptions to thegeneral principle of centralization has beenrecognized. "This report had been adopted by the General

Assembly and continued to be the generalpolicy of the United Nations.

The EXECUTIVE SECRETARY emphasized thatthe Secretariat had kept in close touch withthe United Nations regarding possibilities forfuture headquarters. Indeed, the Secretary-General himself had stated that, should theWHO be established at Geneva, he would be infavour of providing accommodation in thepresent United Nations building. But thestudy of this question had only just begun, andthere were many other possibilities to beconsidered.

FIFTH MEETING _ 15 _ 8 NOVEMBER 1946

The CHAIRMAN thanked Dr. Mani for hisrésumé of the deliberations, which had greatlyfacilitated his own duties. It was clear that itwould be the task of the first session of theWorld Health Assembly to decide on the head-quarters of the WHO, after consultation withthe United Nations. At the same time, theInterim Commission had been entrusted withthe work of studying the different possibilitiesfor a permanent headquarters. The generalfeeling of the Commission seemed to be thatfurther avenues §hould be explored and that acommittee should be appointed to assist theExecutive Secretary in making these studies.He considered that on this committee allcontinents should be represented, and suggestedthat the Commission authorize him to appointit.

Dr. ROUTLEY, supported by Dr. VAN DENBERG, moved that the debate be closed andproposed the following resolution :

" That, in accordance with the Constitu-tion of Interim Commission, paragraph 2,section (b) (ii)-` make studies regardingthe location of the headquarters of theOrganization '

" Be it resolved that a committee of fivebe appointed by this Interim Commission tomake studies regarding the location of theheadquarters of the Organization and thatthis cominittee report back to the InterimCommission. "

In reply to a question from Dr. EVANG asto whether there were any essential differencesbetween the proposal of Dr. Routley and thatof the Chairman, the CHAIRMAN pointed outthat he (the Chairman) had suggested that thecommittee should help the Secretariat, whereas

Dr. Routley had proposed that the committeeshould itself proceed with the study ; Dr.Routley had asked that the Interim Com-mission appoint the committee, whereas hisproposal was that he, as Chairman, should beauthorized to do so.

Dr. SZE believed that the two resolutionsbefore the meeting-the one so clearlysummarized by Dr. Mani and the one proposedby Dr. Routley-were identical except for aslight difference in wording. He suggested thatDrs. Mani, Routley and Mackenzie be asked todraft a single text and report to the InterimCommission. Furthermore, he thought thatthe Commission could not do better than toask its Chairman to nominate five members toserve on this committee.

Dr. CAVAILLON and Dr. MACKENZIE supportedthe Chairman's suggestion ; and Dr. MANIagreed with the Chairman as to the nominationof five members, but thought that it was forthe Secretariat to assist the committee and notvice versa.

The CHAIRMAN then requested Drs.Mackenzie, Sze, Mani and Routley to preparethe text for submission to the Commission atthe afternoon meeting, taking into consider-ation the views expressed by the Chairmanabout the appointment of members.

4. Order of Business.

Dr. MACKENZIE suggested that item 8 (b) (3)on the agenda-Medical Nomenclature-shouldbe considered early in the next meeting, inview of the presence of certain medical advisersin Geneva.


FIFTH MEETING

Held on Friday, 8 November 1946, at 2.30 p.m., Palais des Nations, Geneva.


I. Transfer of the Health Functions ofOther International Agencies (item 4 ofthe agenda, Annex rib).

The first question to be considered was thatof the transfer of the health functions of theLeague of Nations (document WHO.IC/W.II,Annex 19).

In this connection, Dr. MACKENZIE men-tioned that his Government regarded certainof the activities which had been carried on bythe League as very important, especially thoserelating to biological standardization andmalaria.

The CHAIRMAN asked Dr. Gautier to informthe Commission how matters stood with regard

1 " Constitution of the World Health Organiz-ation ", Final Acts of the International HealthConference, United Nations, E/155, New York,October 1946.

to the appointment of a Committee of Expertsto consider questions connected with biologicalstandardization.

2. Biological Standardization.Dr. GAUTIER reminded the Commission of the

progress made in biological standardization,which had become an international necessity,thirty-five substances having thus far beenstandardized. The work had been directed bya permanent committee of fifteen members,and the war had not put a stop to its activities,inasmuch as three substances (heparin, vitaminE and penicillin) had been standardized since1940. With -regard to bacterial products, themost urgent current problem was that ofvaccines, especially of the standardization oftoxoids. Various countries had desired toestablish an official control of certain toxoids,because the prophylactic results achieved had

8 NOVEMBER 1946 - 16 - FIFTH MEETING

not entirely fulfilled the hopes which had beenentertained ; difficulties had been encounteredowing to the absence of internationalstandards.

As for the standardization of vitamins, aconference had been arranged for the autumnof 1939, but it had been impossible to hold it.This question, however, was not urgent andcould be taken up again by the WHO ; thesame applied to hormones.

Apart from penicillin, there were otherantibiotic substances which would probablyneed to be standardized : for example, strepto-mycin.

For the continuation of all this work, it wouldbe essential to appoint a small group of expertsto decide which subjects required urgentinvestigation and how they should beapproached.

Up to now, the distribution of internationalstandards had been carried out by twoInstitutes : that of Copenhagen, in the case ofserums, and that of Hampstead, in the case ofother medicaments.

This arrangement involved certain dis-advantages, and the possibility of establishinga single international centre in the future oughtto be envisaged-a centre which would under-take the scientific and administrative dutiesentrusted hitherto to the Copenhagen andHampstead Institutes.

A general discussion ensued on the reportpresented by Dr. Gautier, in which Drs.TIMMERMAN, MACKENZIE, SZE and MANIparticipated.

Dr. KROTKOV, moreover, supported byDr. PARRAN, expressed himself in favour of theestablishment of a permanent central organiza-tion for the control and standardization ofpharmaceutical and biological products.He thought that it would be well to appointa special small committee of enquiry to reportto the Interim Commission.

3. Health Activities of UNRRA.Cohtinuing the discussion of item 4 of the

agenda, the Commission examined the questionof the transfer of the health activities ofUNRRA (document WHO.IC/W.I3, Annex22a).

The EXECUTIVE SECRETARY observed that,if the Interim Commission decided to takeover these activities, the expense of so doingwould be covered by the sum of $1,500,000which had been offered by the Central Com-mittee of UNRRA to the WHO. (See telegramfrom Mr. La Guardia, Director-General ofUNRRA, document WHO.IC/W.24, Annex22b.)

r. SZE recommended the approval of thedraft agreement reproduced as Appendix 7 ofdocument WHOJC/W.13. He suggested theappointment of a- small committee entrustedwith the preparation of a budget, chapter bychapter, and the elaboration of a programme ofassistance, to be executed by means of the

fund of $1,500,000 which had been provided.This committee should also examine thequestion raised in paragraph 3 of Mr. LaGardia's telegram, concerning the distributionof health supplies shipped by UNRRA afterthe date of transfer.

Dr. GOODMAN said that the only obligationon UNRRA was to see that medical supplieswere distributed without distinction of race,creed or politics. The Governments took overthe supplies ; and, in practice, the onlyresponsibility which UNRRA had was to seethat supplies reached a country ; further actionwas limited to investigating complaints aboutmal-distribution.

In the course -of the following discussion,Dr. HYDE expressed approval of the scheme fortaking over the functions of UNRRA as set butin document WHO.IC/W.I3. However, hethought that the Commission should declinethe request that it serve as observer of thedistribution of UNRRA supplies, since ithad no authority over such supplies and there-fore would be impotent to dea/ with anycountry deviating from UNRRA principles.The Commission could, nevertheless, furnishtechnical advice and assistance with regardto such supplies.

Dr. EVANG agreed with Dr. Hyde.

Dr. DE PAULA SOUZA supported the declara-tions made by Drs. Hyde and Evang andpaid homage to UNRRA for the useful serviceswhich it had rendered in circumstances whichwere often very difficult.

In reply to a question from Dr. EVANG, theEXECUTIVE SECRETARY stated that the Com-mission was free to decide the extent of theactivities which it would undertake within thelimits of the sum to be received.

Dr. MACKENZIE agreed that a small com-mittee to plan a programme of assistance shouldbe appointed, of the type suggested by Dr. Sze.It might also deal with other problems whichwould arise, especially with regard to assistanceto children. As for item (d) of paragraph i ofthe Draft Agreemerit (Annex 7 of documentWHOJC/13), he was of the opinion that itshould be made clear that the programme inconnection with malaria control was of thesame nature as the tuberculosis programme-i.e., that it should provide for staffs of specia-lists to advise Governments on control methods.

With respect to the use of the money to beprovided by UNRRA, Dr. KROTKOV drewattention to the fact that certain countrieshad suffered far more than others. He referredin particular to the case of the ByelorussianS.S.R., the needs of which were enormous, andhe supported the proposal to appoint a smallcommittee for examining the matter tho-roughly and submitting a report, if possibleduring the session.

The CHAIRMAN suggested that this Com-mittee should consist of the representatiyes

FIFTH MEETING - 7 8 NOVEMBER 1946

from Brazil, China, Norway, the Union ofSoviet Socialist Republics, the United Kingdomand the United States of America.

Dr. GOODMAN agreed to give full assistanceto the Committee-which was to submit areport to the Interim Commission as soon aspossible.

The proposal of the Chairman, and documentWHOJC/W.13, in general, were unanimouslyaccepted.

4. Pan American Sanitary Bureau.

The Commission then considered Item 5 ofthe agenda : Present state of negotiations withthe Pan American Sanitary Bureau (documentWHOJC/W.19, Annex 21a).

The CHAIRMAN read two telegrams which hadbeen received from the Ministry of PublicHealth in Venezuela-one inviting Dr. Stam-par and the other inviting Drs. Chisholmand Biraud personally to be present as obser-vers at the next Pan American Conference,which would be held at Caracas in January 1947(document WHO.IC/W.33, Annex 21c).

It was decided that the Committee ofNegotiations with the Pan American SanitaryOrganization, consisting of the representativesfrom Brazil, Mexico, Venezuela, and theUnited States of America, would represent theCommission at the Caracas Conference andexplain its point of view. In addition, eitherDr. Chisholm or Dr. Biraud might attend themeeting as an observer.

Dr. PARRAN stated emphatically that theUnited States Government had not beenrepresented at the recent meeting of theDirecting Council of the Pan American Sani-tary Bureau held at Havana and that it hadnot been informed as to its agenda. He addedthat he had been surprised at the contentsof the resolution which was drawn up by thisCouncil when a copy was forwarded to himafter the meeting. The United States continuedto support fully the provisions of the Consti-tution of the WHO and would press stronglyfor its acceptance-without reservation-at theearliest opportunity. The United States wasusing and would continue to use its good officesin appropriate ways in making its positionknown to other countries signatory to thePan American Sanitary Conventions.

He read to the Commission documentWHO.IC/W.3o (Annex arb), the Report ofthe Sub-Committee on Negotiations with thePan American Sanitary Bureau, which wasduly noted.

5. Appointment of Technical Committees.The Coinmission then considered principles of

procedure for the Appointment of technicalcommittees, item 8(a) on the agenda (cf.document WHO.IC/W.I2, Annex 32a).

After the CHAIRMAN had referred to theprinciples adopted by the Economic and SocialCouncil for the appointment of its technicalsub-committees, a general discussion on thesubject took place. It was decided that theseprinciples would not all be applicable to theappointment of technical committees of theWHO.

The debate showed that the first questionto be decided was whether the WHO neededto appoint a committee of experts for theaccomplishment of a given programme. If so,it was thought that the Commission ought todefine the functions of such a committee andthen to consider the best means for obtainingthe most highly qualified experts to serve on it.

In this respect, the consensus of the Com-mission was that the technical qualifications ofan expert were of primary consideration andshould be the determining factor in the choiceof members of such a committee. It was onlyin the improbable eventuality of a choicehaving to be made between two equallycompetent experts of different nationalitiesthat the factor of geographical distributionwould come into play.

Dr. Evang was requested to draw up a draftresolution on these lines, with the assistance ofDrs. Sze and Mackenzie, and to submit it tothe Commission (see document WHO.IC/W.34,Annex 32b).

6. Headquarters of the WHO.

Reverting to item 2 of the agenda, Stock-taking of Facilities for the Location of theHeadquarters of the Organization, which hadbeen discussed in the previous meeting, theCommission considered the resolution revisedby the Drafting Committee, consisting ofDrs. Sze, Mackenzie, Mani and Routley,recommending the setting up of an internalcommittee of five members to study the ques-tion of the location of the headquarters (docu-ment WHO.IC/W.32, Annex 15f).

After an exchange of views, it was agreedto delete the referencé to " political conditionsin the host State " in this document, and theresolution thus amended was adopted.


9 NOVEMBER 1946 SIXTH MEETING

"SIXTH MEETING

Held on Saturday, 9 November 1946, at 9.30 a.m., Palais des Nations, Geneva.


1. Expenses of Members.

The CHAIRMAN heaving stated that a decisionhad now to be taken regarding the paymentof expenses of Members of the Interim Com-mission, Dr. VAN DEN BERG moved the adop-tion of the resolution prepared by the draftingcommittee (document WHO.IC/AF/W.3,Annex 28b).

Dr. SZE seconded the proposal of Dr. vanden Berg and, after a declaration by the Execu-tive Secretary to the effect that a statementwould be circulated as soon as possible aboutthe actual indemnities to be paid (see WHO.IC/W.35, Annex 28c), the resolution wasadopted.

2. Meeting of Committee on Epidemiologyand Quarantine.

The CHAIRMAN reminded the Commissionthat, during the first session, an internalCommittee on Epidemiology and Quarantinehad been set up, consisting of eleven Govern-mental representatives. Although the Execu-tive Secretary had approached the respectivehealth administrations concerning the designa-tion of experts, the response had not beenvery:satisfactory. At the time when the memo-randuinon the subject had been drafted bythe Secretariat (document WHO.IC/W.12,Annex 32a), no designations had yet beenreceived, and only a few had come in later.

Dr. VAN DEN BERG thought that there wassome confusion as to the scope oi this Com-mittee, and suggested that it meet before theend of the present session, in order to discusscertain important questions.

The CHAIRMAN stated that it would be neces-sary for the Committee on Epidemiology andQuarantine (1) to elect a Chairman and Vice-Chairman, and (2) to constitute committees ofexperts. He suggested that it meet on thefollowing Monday, II November.

3. Voting Status of Chairmen.

Dr. VAN DEN BERG reminded the Commissionthat in New York it had been decided that theChairman of the Interim Commission shouldnot have the right to vote but should be repre-sented at the meeting by a substitute, whowould vote in his place 1. He considered that,for reasons of strict impartiality, neither theChairman of the Interim Commission norchairmen of internal committees should be

1 " Minutes of First Session of InterimCommission " ; Official Records of the WorldHealth Organization, No. 3, pages 53-54.

allowed to vote : this right should fall to theirsubstitutes.

Dr. MANI stated that, if this were meant asa formal proposal, he was strongly opposedto it.

To a question by Dr. ?ARRAN as to howmany internal committees it was thoughtmight be constituted the EXECUTIVE SECRE-TARY replied that this depended upon theextent of the activities of the Interim Commis-sion ; there were many imponderable factorswhich might arise in the future. He addedthat many Members of the Interim Commissionwere not accompanied by substitutes, and hefelt that this fact might result in a discrimi-nation against some delegations.

Dr. TOGBA believed that, as it had beendecided in New York that the Chairmanshould not vote, and since no provision tothe effect appeared in the rules of procedure,these rules should, be amended to conform tothis decision.

Dr. KROTKOV spoke again about the appre-hension he had felt at the last session aboutthe creation of too many committees. Theimportant thing was to intensify the acti-vities of existing committees, especially thoseof the Committee on Epidemiology and Qúa-rantine, which should draw up its agendaand elect its chairman before the close of thesecond session. He regretted the absence ofexperts on this Committee and stressed theimportance of restoring its functions, becauseof the many countries which needed its help.

Dr. MANI, agreeing that existing committeesshould be utilized to their fullest possibleextent, enlarged upon his opposition to theproposal that chairmen of internal committeesshould have no vote. He pointed out that theinability of small States to send substitutes oradvisers would mean that they would bedeprived of a vote should their representativesact as chairmen of committees.

Dr. TOGBA drew attention to the additionalexpenses involved in the attendance of seve-ral members from one country.

Dr. SZE pointed out that questions of expensewhich would result from the presence orabsence of substitutes were also involved. Hewas inclined to think that no decision shouldbe taken on the matter, other than notingthat internal committees were advisory com-mittees, and that their chairmen were not inthe same position as was the chairman ofan executive body such as the Interim Corn-mission. It would be wise, he thought, in

SIXTH MEETING 9 NOV EMBER 1946

appointing committees, to insist on theiradvisory nature and to limit their member-ship. This would work for greater efficiencyand would also meet the point raised byDr. van den Berg. The internal committeeswould thus be members of a large family,with their chairmen voting if necessary.

Dr. VAN DEN BERG stated that he had raisedthe question from a personal point of view.He would not have made the proposal if hecould have foreseen the interpretation to begiven to it, and he now wished to withdraw it.

Dr. MACKENZIE said that he regretted that,when a resolution was submitted with a viewto activating and facilitating the work of theCommission, there should be any interpre-tation as to a discrimination against smallPowers. This was not the spirit of the Com-mission. The impartiality of the Chairmanwas fundamental to the success of the workof a body dealing mainly with technical prob-lems. He asked that this point of view shouldbe placed on record.

Dr. TOGBA again proposed that some amend-ment be made in the Rules of Procedure tocover the decision that the Chairman did nothave the right to vote.

Dr. EVANG interposed that in Norway, asin all Scandinavian countries, it was the gene-ral rule that chairmen should vote, no doubt-ever being placed on their impartiality.

In order to remove a possibleing, Dr. MANI stated that what he had saidwas that, if the proposal were passed, it wouldlead to discrimination against small Powers ;he had not meant to imply that it had been putforward with such motives.

Dr. CAVAILLON added that, in France andmanY other countries, as well as in Norway,the chairman had the right to vote, even whendelicate questions were at stake. In Francethe vote accorded to the chairman went evenfurther, since he had the' casfing vote. Hethought it important for there to be equa-lity of voting power of the nations representedon the Interim Commission.

Dr. ROUTLEY, reverting to Article 16 of theRules of Procedure, " Decisions of the Com-mission shall be taken by a majority of themembers present and voting ", pointed outthat nothing in that rule emphasized the obli-gation to vote, nor was there any clause whichwould disenfranchise any Member. He remind-ed Members that in New York they hadtaken action after the Chairman's own state-ment that be would be happier if he did nothave to vote. This was only a provisionalmeasure, adopted tentatively by the Commis-sion. He agreed with Dr. Togba that somesentence should be inserted in the Rules ofProcedure in order to settle the question oncefor alL

The Chairman summarized the generalfeeling of Members that chairmen of advisoryinternal committees should have the rightto vote, whereas the Chairman of the InterimCommission should not have that right. Heconsidered that it would probably be unne-cessary to amend the Rules of Procedure.

4. Committee on Medical Nomenclature.

On this question Dr. BIRAUD gave a briefsummary of past activities and referred tothe preparatory work carried out by the HealthSection of the League of Nations, in colla-boration with the International Institute ofStatistics at The Hague. At the Fifth Decen-nial Conference in 1938, the United StatesGovernment had been requested to undertakespecial studies on morbidity and mortalitynomenclature and, in 1945, had convened anExpert Committee, largely composed of spe-cialists from the United States of America,but also including some from the United King-dom and Canada. This Committee had workedfor more than two months and had been ableto produce a very unusual document on thebasis of previous work accomplished by Ameri-can experts, on the one hand, and Britishexperts, on the other. This document was anomenclature code applied to morbidity andmortality statistics and, issued by the expandedExpert Committee, was now being subjectedto trials in the United States of America,Canada and the United Kingdom. It washoped that it would be possible for the Com-mittee to conclude its activities in January,when it desired to turn over its work to aninternational committee of the WHO. Headded that Dr. Percy Stocks, British memberof the Expert Committee, was present andwould be a very useful adviser to the Secre-tariat on this question.

He then read the following resolution, whichwas introduced jointly by the representativesfrom the United States of America, the UnitedKingdom, Venezuela and Norway :

" The Interim Commission authorizes theChairman and Executive Secretary toappoint a Technical Committee, not toexceed nine persons, on the Revision of theInternational List of Causes of Death, tocarry on the preparatory work for the SixthDecennial Revision of the InternationalList of Causes of Death, including recom-mendations to the Commission concerningactions which it might appropriately taketo effect the revision. " (Document WHO.IC/W.36, Annex 30.)

In the ensuing discussion, Dr. MACKENZIEstated : (1) that, in the selection of experts,preference should be given to those with con-siderable experience in the use of Internation-al Lists of the Causes of Death and Morbi-dity, and in the compilation of statistics basedthereon ; and (2) that he considered itimportant that the work should be carriedout entirely under the agis of the WorldHealth Organization.

9 NOVEMBER 1946 - 20 - SIXTH MEETING

Dr. SZE supported the resolution in so far,he said, as he understood it, but, as the texthad not been distributed, he thought thatMembers should have time to study it beforetaking a decision.

It was therefore decided to postpone furtherdiscussion af this question until the text ofthe resolution was in the hands of Members(see page 22).

5. Committee on Health in DevastatedAreas.

The CHAIRMAN reminded the Commissionof the decision taken in New York that thequestion of health in devastated areas shouldbe examined during the second session, andof the recommendation that a full report bemade on the damage done in occupied coun-tries 1. For this purpose, a special committeemight be set up, which could examine theavailable material. It had been suggestedthat a committee of three be appointed, con-sisting of two nationals of the interested Stateand one outsider, all experts. He proposed adiscussion of this question.

Dr. MACKENZIE asked for a clearer defini-tion of the term " devastated areas ",wondering whether it referred to such areasthroughout the whole world.

Dr. CAVAILLON stated that an importantquestion of principle was involved : in allcases it would be necessary to consult the inte-rested country. He supported the Chairman'sidea, which, he thought, would lead to effi-cient technical action.

Dr. SZE said that, as a representative ofa widely devastated area, he agreed withDr. Cavaillon and felt that this questionneeded careful study. China, he stated, wouldwelcome the visit of such a committee.

Dr. PARRAN stressed the importance of theproposal, which overlapped in certain respectsthe one already before the Commission withregard to the taking over of UNRRA acti-vities. Before formulating his own opinion,he would like a definite proposal, indicatingthe functions and duties of the committee; tobe placed before the Commission.

Dr. KROTKOV asked whether the purpose ofthe proposed committee was to ascertain theamount of devastation or to supply relief.If the object were to supply relief, first havingdecided which countries needed help, theCommission would have to obtain the consentof the interested Governments, as Dr. Cavail-Ion had proposed. If this were not done, anycommittee so set up would run the risk ofnot being able to accomplish its task, and theCommission would find itself in a false position.The Executive Secretary should therefore getin touch with the different countries in orderto discover their respective needs.

See " Minutes of First Session of InterimCommission ", Official Records of the WorldHealth Organization, No. 3, pages 37-39.

Dr. EVANG considered it another duty ofthe WHO to collect and to record the availabledata on the effects of the war on health. TheAllied Military Forces and UNRRA both hadat their disposal a quantity of material whichmight be lost if it were not assembled imme-diately by the WHO. The task of collectingit should be included in the terms of referenceof any such committee as the one under consi-deration, which could also determine ,the gene-ral lines on which countries should submitinformation. The question of giving aid todevastated areas was one which certainlyneeded to be examined with care ; but astime was short, it might facilitate matters ifa draft proposal were drawn up.

Dr. MANI suggested that, since the matterobviously needed careful study, the Execu-tive Secretary should make preliminary inves-tigations. Such investigations might includean enquiry as to what proportion of theexpenses the interested countries would bewilling to pay ; it was important to have someidea of the financial commitments involved.He proposed that any decision on the matter,except one referring to investigations, shouldbe postponed.

Dr. DE PAULA SOUZA believed that it wasdesirable to approach UNRRA, which pos-sessed, among other things, invaluabledocumentary information on health and dis-placed persons.

Dr. KROTKOV thought that it was already-too late to begin the study of the effects ofthe war on health. In his country this hadalready been done to a very considerableextent by both State and scientific institu-tions. What was required was to obtain informa-tion from Governments, and a distinctionneed not be made between the work of collect-ing data and that of furnishing relief. Thesetasks were intimately connected and couldbe carried on simultaneously.

Dr. MACKENZIE also considered it necessaryto have a clear definition of the work to bedone. It was difficult to define the, term"devastated areas". The available informa-tion, which was considerable, should becollected, but this should not be confusedwith the question of relief. He fully concurredin the opinion which had been expressed byDr. Stampar in New York, that the Com-mittee should, with the consent of the Govern-ment concerned, (1) collect data concerningdamage caused to the lives of people and(2) ascertain how much reconstruction hadalready taken place.

Dr. EVANG e`mphasized that the grantingof relief, an urgent matter, should not behampered by the collecting of documentarymaterial regarding health.

The CHAIRMAN proposed finally that thespecial sub-committee appointed to deal withthe question of taking over the activities of

SIXTH MEETING - 21 - 9 NOVEMBER 1946

UNRRA also be asked to draw up a resolutionon relief for devastated areas for presentationto the Commission.

This was agreed to by the Commission.

6. Consideration of the Setting up of OtherCommittees.

Dr. CAVAILLON, stating that he wouldshortly be obliged to leave Geneva, wishedfirst to make a proposal which he consideredimportant. Hitherto the Commission hadbeen obliged to deal with legal, administra-tive. and financial questions. This had beenindispensable, but it was now time for it tobegin its real work. As Directors-General ofPublic Health Services or persons in similarpositions, the Members of the Commissionhad a direct responsibility in the applicationof measures to be taken against morbidityand death, and must therefore act. Variousepidemic diseases-infantile paralysis, malaria,venereal diseases, diphtheria, tuberculosis, meli-tococcus infection, to mention only a few-were at this moment rampant in certaincountries. What methods should be used tocombat them, what drugs employed ? Hethought it important to decide at once whichquestions should be examined first and whichexperts asked to consider them, and then tosubmit recommendations to the next sessionof the Commission.

Dr. GABALD6N pointed out that the WHOhad been given the task of continuing the workof the former Health Organization of theLeague of Nations, one of the most successfulactivities of which had been in the field ofmalaria. This disease still remained a scourge,against which the Organization should continueto fight. The reports issued by the MalariaCommission of the Health Organization of theLeague constituted the standard work onthis disease. It was important to set up acommittee as soon as possible which wouldbe no less efficient than the former LeagueCommission.

He would therefore propose a resolution onthe subject, which would be circulated(cf. document WHO.IC/W.43, Annex 37b) :(I) requesting the Chairman and the Execu-tive Secretary to appoint three experts as atechnical preparatory committee on malaria,to study the proposal which he had presentedin document WHOJC/W.27 (Annex 37a)and to report to the next session of the InterimCommission ; (2) suggesting that, with theadvice so received, the Interim Commissionmake recommendations on this subject tothe Health Assembly ; and (3) asking thisCommittee to advise the Interim Commissionwith regard to the work on malaria which wouldbe transferred from UNRRA.

Dr. DE PAULA SOUZA mentioned anotherquestion which had been studied by theLeague Health Organization-namely, medicaleducation and the teaching of public health.

It was at present extremely difficult-this hadbeen the experience of UNRRA-to findstaff qualified to undertake these tasks. Thisshortage -was not confined to doctors ; itwas even harder to secure the services ofnurses, teachers of public health and, in parti-cular, sanitary engineers. It was thereforeess-ential to continue the work of the Leaguein this respect. He drew attention to theexcellent work of Dr. Burnet on medical edu-cation, which was known throughout theworld. Very few schools included the teachingof public health in their curriculum, and hetherefore thought it important to set up acommittee on the subject immediately.

Dr. SZE recalled that the Interim Commis-sion, which had limited functions and a limitedbudget, was responsible to the various Govern-ments represented at the New York Confe-rence and to the United Nations for the usemade of that budget. Any action proposedhad to be considered, therefore, in the lightof the terms of reference, which did not permitthe setting up of a committee unless it couldbe proved that the matter to be dealt withwas urgent. For him the criterion of urgencywas whether or not the question could waituntil the first session of the Health Assembly.He shared Dr. Krotkov's hesitation concerningthe setting up of committees and also thoughtthat the Secretariat should not be overburden-ed. The number of its staff had been esti-mated in the budget with a view to its beingable to perform the work envisaged by thearrangement concluded in New York. Itcould not be asked to do more.

Dr. TOGBA also wondered whether it wouldbe necessary to set up so many committeesat this stage. It should in any case be statedthat the Commission was giving thought tothese questions, even if it could do nothingabout them at the moment. He would likethe WHO eventually to set up an institutefor the study of tropical diseases, includingmalaria. Liberia had been neglected in thepast internationally, especially in the fieldof health, and he was grateful to the UnitedStates of America for having sent a PublicHealth Mission there. A higher general stan-dard of health in Africa, however, was muchto be desired, and'he hoped that the Commis-sion would take an interest, not only in hisown country, but in the continent as a whole.He would like to see a committee set up towork in collaboration with the United StatesResearch Institute.

Dr. EVANG declared that his own conceptionof the rôle of the Commission was more inharmony with the conception of Dr. Cavaillonthan with that of Dr. Sze. Time had beenlost in the field of health; while other specializ-ed agencies were already in full activity,the WHO had not yet begun. He thought itvery important to set up an expert committeeon venereal diseases. It was the Commis-sion's duty to decide which problems were

n NOVEMBER 1946 - 22 - SEVENTH MEETING

the most urgent and to set up committeesaccordingly, pending confirmation, of course,from the WHO.

Dr. DE PAULA SOUZA, in replying to Dr. Sze,agreed. that it was necessary to go slowly inthe establishment of committees. He was ofthe opinion, however, that the committee onmedical education should be set up at once.

The CHAIRMAN closed the discussion,announcing that if Members of the Commis-

, sion wished to propose the setting up of com-mittees, they should present resolutions tothat effect by Monday morning, II November.

7. Appointment of Expert Members of Tech-nical Committees and Sub-Committees.

Dr. EVANG, Chairman of the ad hoc DraftingCommittee, submitted the draft resolutionsdrawn up by this Committee (document WHO.IC/W.34, Annex 32b), explaining that theycontained no suggestions as to which com-mittees should be set up or what their termsof reference should be. In the view of theDrafting Committee, these points were coveredby Rules 26 and 27 of the Rules of Procedure.With regard to budgets for committees, theDrafting Committee had considered it unne-cessary to include any provision for them in

the resolutions, but thought that it should beput on record that Rule 31 of the Rules ofProcedure should apply.

The CHAIRMAN said there was no doubtthat the Interim Commission had to set upcommittees, but that he and the ExecutiveSecretary would be authorized to act onlyif a specific resolution had been passed bythe Commission in the case of each committee.

Dr. MANI, supported by Dr. MARTINEZBAEZ, proposed that the last phrase in para-graph 6 of the resolution, reading " to ensurerepresentation of various schools of thoughtand experience ", be deleted, and Dr. EVANGaccepted the amendment.

The resolutions were then adopted.

8. Appointment of a Committee on MedicalNomenclature.

The CHAIRMAN proposed the adoption ofthe resolution for the appointment of a Com-mittee on Medical Nomenclature presented bythe representatiVes from the United States,the United Kingdom, Venezuela and Norway(document WHO.IC/W.36, Annex 34a), whichhad now been distributed.

This resolution was (adopted by the Com-mission.


SEVENTH MEETING

Held on Monday, rz- November 1946, at _To a.m., Palais des Nations, Geneva.

Chairman : Dr. A. STAMPAR (Yugoslavia).

1. Appointment of Committee on Head-quarters.

The CHAIRMAN drew the attention of theCommission to the fact that, at one of theprevious meetings, it had been decided thathe should appoint a committee to discussmatters connected with the. future site of thepermanent headquarters of the Organiza-tion 1. He proposed the following five members :Dr. Evang, Dr. Choucha Pacha, Dr. Mani,Dr. Martinez Baez and Dr. Routley.

On a question from Dr. EVANG as to whethermuch travelling would be involved for themembers of this Committee, the CHAIRMANreplied in the negative, stating that reportsand documentation on which members wouldhave to pass judgment would be submittedby the Secretariat. He hoped that Dr. Maniwould be responsible for suggestions in so faras Asia and Oceania were concerned.

The appointment of this Committee wasapproved.

1 See 'page 1.7, Headquarters of the WHO.

2. Draft Master Agreement with the UnitedNations.

The Commission proceeded to a debate onthe Draft Master Agreement between theUnited Nations and ,the WHO (document(WHO. IC/W.18, Annex 23a), and the CHAIR-MAN also referred Members to document WHO.1C/1Z/1/V.1-Modifications to the Draft MasterAgreement-(Annex 23c), proposed by theDrafting Sub-Committee of the Committeeon Relations.

Dr. EVANG drew attention to certain errorsappearing in the text proposed in documentWHO.IC/R/W.i :

On page 3, the words " Article III shouldhave been deleted, and paragraph 7 shouldform an integral part of Article II.

On page 3, Article V, the words " withoutprejudice to the generality of the provisionsof paragraph i " appearing in the originaldraft should have been deleted.

SEVE NTH MEETING - 23 - I I NOVEMBER 1946

On page 5, after Article VII, there shouldhave been introduced Article XIII, whichhad been retained with the addition of theword " dissemination " in paragraphs 2 and 3,after the word " standardization " in eachcase.

Dr. CHOUCHA Pacha stated that the Com-mittee on Relations had accepted the originalArticle XII, paragraphs t and 2, with, however,the deletion of the last sentence in paragraph I," it being understood that the World HealthOrganization shall retain full autonomy in therecruitment and selection of its own staff ".

Dr. KAUNTZE considered it important thatthe statement : " recognized that the eventualdevelopment of a single unified InternationalCivil Service is desirable from the standpointof effective administrative co-ordination ",should be included in this article, since it hadbeen inserted in agreements with other spe-cialized agencies. Dr. CHOUCHA Pacha repliedthat the Committee on Relations had discussedthis point, but had agreed that it was coveredby paragraph 2 (a) of Article XII.

Dr. PARRAN confirmed that this matter hadbeen the subject of considerable discussion,and he approved of the Drafting Sub-Committee's recommendation-namely, thatthe text quoted from page 18 of documentWHO.IC/W.I8 (Annex 23a), should not beincluded in the Draft Master Agreement withthe United Nations. He referred to page 8,Article XII, paragraph 2 (a), in which it wasstated that the two organizations shouldconsult together concerning the establishmentof an International Civil Commission. Hehimself and some of his colleagues felt that itwas premature to emphasize the need for aunified Civil Service Commission, and hetherefore supported the recommendation ofthe Drafting Sub-Committee.

After Dr. KAUNTZE had again stressed hisconviction that the additional sentence shouldbe included in the Agreement, Dr. SZE averredthat he, personally, was prepared to acceptin toto the amendments as drawn up by theDrafting Sub-Committee. He thought thatit was unnecessary to consider small draftingpoints and that the document should be consi-dered in the sense of general instructions toany committee in its negotiations with theUnited Nations.

A vote being taken, the proposed modifi-cations as suggested by the Drafting Sub-Committee were accepted by all Members,with the exception of Drs. Kauntze and Evang.

Dr. CHOUCHA Pacha pointed out thatArticle II of the Draft Master Agreement wascomposed of six paragraphs, while the newdraft, as modified by the Drafting Sub-Com-mittee, was composed of seven. He merelywished to state this by way of explanation.

Dr. KAUNTZE emphasized that, under theproposed amendment to Article XIII, para-graph 6 of the original draft had been deleted,

and he suggested that some provision shouldbe made for an exchange of statistical docu-mentation with the United Nations. He feltthat the same wording should be used asappeared in the agreements between theUnited Nations and the ILO, FAO, andUNESCO, namely : " In order to build up acentral collection of statistical information forgeneral use, it is agreed that data suppliedto the [agency concerned] for incorporation inits basic statistical series or special reportsshould so far as practicable be made availableto the United Nations. " He referred also tothe clause in the agreement with the Inter-national Civil Aviation Organization, which hethought should also apply to the WHO.

Dr. CHOUCHA Pacha said that there had beena long discussion about this article, when ithad been agreed that the provisions of para-graphs 1, and especially 4 and 5, were adequatefor this purpose, and that paragraph 6 shouldbe deleted. He thought that these paragraphscovered the point raised by Dr. Kauntze, butasked for the opinion of Dr. Biraud.

Dr. BIRAUD considered that the deletion ofthis paragraph was desirable and that no newspecific instruction need be given to theSecretariat on this matter.

Dr. KAUNTZE insisted on the desirability ofincluding the additional text in the DraftAgreement, in order to make matters com-pletely specific, and pointed out that there wasnothing in the wording of these clauses whichsuggested that extra copies of the materialwould have to be made availableNations.

It was agreed that the wording of the clausesin question should be interpreted in the lightof Dr. Kauntze's remarks-namely, that thematerial to be made available need notnecessarily be especially reproduced by theWHO ; and the Draft Agreement as amendedwas then accepted.

3. Collaboration with the Division of PublicInformation of the United Nations.

The CHAIRMAN proposed the acceptance bythe Commission of the note by the Secretariaton this subject (document WHO.IC/W.21,Annex 25a).

Dr. CHOUCHA Pacha informed the Commis-sion that the Committee on Relations haddecided in principle to utilize fully the faci-lities offered by the United Nations PublicInformation Division for the dissemination ofinformation relating to the actiyities of theWHO-i.e., through newspapers, radio andfilms (cf. document WHO.IC/W.29, Annex25b). The Executive Secretary should beinstructed to continue negotiations alongthose lines and to study the form of proposalsfor an agreement on this subject, to be sub-mitted later to the Interim Commission.It was considered by the Committee on Rela-tions that this co-operation would not pre-

II NOVEMBER 1946 - 24 - SEVENTH MEETING

dude the WHO frOm establishing relationsitself with the medical and technical Pressand other technical information agencies.It was further believed that co-operation withthe Division of Public Information should notextend to the field of public health education,this being one of the technical functions of theWHO. It was thought that in this field theWHO would co-operate with UNESCO.

The CHAIRMAN suggested that the memo-randum of the Secretariat should be noted,along with the reservation made by Dr.Choucha Pacha.

This suggestion was accepted by the Com-mission.

4. Proposed Amendment to the Draft MasterAgreement.

Dr. KAUNTZE said that he had omitted tomention in his earlier remarks the proposalwhich had been circulated concerning theDraft Master Agreement between the UnitedNations and the WHO (document WHO.IC/W.42, Annex 23b). The new proposal appearedin the agreement between the United Nationsand UNESCO, and he considered it of greatimportance.

Dr. GABALDÓN thoughi this proposal anti-constitutional, as it limited the powers of theWHO, making it dependent on the advice ofthe Economic and Social Council. He opposedits acceptance.

Dr. MARTINEZ BAEZ stated that, if theproposal were adopted and the WHO werebound to accept the recommendation of theEconomic and Social Council, Articles i and 3of the Constitution would have to be amended ;even the name " World " Health Organizationwould need to be changed. The objectiveof the WHO, recognizing the fundamentalright of all peoples to the highest possiblelevel of health, was one which could not besurrendered, and therefore he could not supportthe proposal.

Dr. EVANG having questioned whether theproposal were within the terms of reference ofthe Commission, the CHAIRMAN suggested thatthe matter be dropped.

Dr. KAUNTZE said that he would accept theChairman's ruling, but suggested that theproposal was in order, under the terms ofArticle 6 of the Constitution.

Mr. CALDERWOOD agreed with Dr. Kauntzebut did not think it necessary to include thearticle in the Agreement. If it were foundnecessary, however, to do so, he would proposethat the second and third sentences be replacedby the follOwing text :

" The Health Assembly will take intoconsideration any observations which theEconomic and Social Council may make

with respect to such applications and willnot take action on any such applicationsuntil the Economic and Social Council hashad an opportunity to inform the Director-General of its views. If within thi-ee monthsafter the receipt, of an application by theCouncil no such observations have beencommunicated to the Director-General, theapplication shall be dealt with in accordancewith Article 6 of the Constitution of theOrganization. "

Dr. TOGBA, expressing surprise at theproposal, recalled previous discussions in NewYork, where he had thought that the intentionwas to leave no State outside the WHO, since" health knew no boundaries ". He wasdisappointed at the suggestion that the WHOshould act through the Economic and SocialCouncil and considered that applications foradmission should be examined under Article 6of the Constitution and accepted by a simplemajority. Rejections of applications might, inhis view, lead to a regrettable state of affairs.

Dr. TIMMERMAN agreed with Dr. Kauntzeand Mr. Calderwood that the question fellwithin the competence of the Interim Com-mission.

Dr. MANI, in order to clarify the discussion,stated that, in his opinion, the Commissionshould first decide whether to include anyreference to this subject in the agreement. Ifthis were agreed upon, the Commission shouldthen decid4 what the reference should be.This, in turn, would depend on Whether or notthe suggestion was in conformity with theConstitution ; in his view, it agreed with theletter but not with the spirit of it. If it weredecided that some provision should be included,he felt that three or four Members should beentrusted with the task of finding an appro-priàte formula.

Dr. KROTKOV expressed astonishment at theproposal, which in his opinion wa:s not inconformity with Articles 4 and 5 of the 'Constitu-tion. It would be sufficiently early to examinethe matter, he thought, when requests foradmission had been received ; it would bepremature to consider the subject at thisstage ; and he would prefer to see the Com-mission's efforts directed towards putting theConstitution into force. He was in favour ofthe rejection of the proposal, and was supportedby Mr. CALDERWOOD.

In a vote as to whether the Commissionshould include any reference to the subjectin the Agreement, it was decided, with onlyone dissenting voice, not to include such areference.

5. Co-operation with Other SpecializedAgencies.

Dr. CHOUCHA Pacha stated that the prin-ciples set forth in the document next to bediscussed (WHO.IC/W.8, Annex 17) had been

SEVENTH MEETING - 25 - II NOVEMBER 1946

adopted by the Committee on Relations. Therepresentative of the Trusteeship Departmentof the United Nations had requested that' inparagraph 2, page 12, the words: " and Non-Self-Governing Territories within the frame-work of Article 73 of the Charter of the UnitedNations " be inserted after " health of terri-tories under trusteeship", and that " informa-tion from Non-Self-Governing Territories " beinserted after " trusteeship reports ".

Dr. KAUNTZE made the following comments :(I) Rural Hygiene (page 4 of document WHO.IC/W.8) - The FAO and the WHO were notthe only specialize.d agencies interested in thisproblem ; the ILO in dealing with agriculturalworkers was also concerned. (2) joint Com-mittees (page 2) -The proposal that representa-tion on such Committees should vary accord-ing to the degree of intere'st of the differentagencies would often be difficult to establish.Membership should depend on the technicalqualifications of the persons involved ratherthan any representation of balance of interest.(3) Co-operation with Technical Divisions andCommissions of the United Nations (page 3) -The suggestion had been made that a Per-manent Liaison Officer be chosen, and oppor-tunity should also be left for the occasionalappointment of experts. (4) Co-operation withthe Civil Aviation Organization (page 7) -Machinery for co-operation such as that ofjoint committees should be devised, as well asreciprocity of representation. (5) Co-operationwith UNESCO (page 8) - The subject wascomplicated, and the Secretariat might beasked to obtain further information. (6) Co-operation with the Trusteeship Department of theU.N. (page 12) - The Trusteeship Departmentof the United Nations would be in touch withonly a few Non-Self-Governing Territories.As far as British territories were concerned;visits would always be welcomed and facilitiesfor study afforded.

Dr. CHOUCHA Pacha suggested that the notebe accepted, due consideration being given tothe remarks made by Dr. Kauntze.

This was agreed.

6. Co-operation with International and Na-tional Voluntary Organizations.

Dr. CHOUCHA Pacha stated that the principlesset forth in document WHO.IC/Wao (Annexr8), had also been endorsed by the Committeeon Relations. This Committee had considered,however, that, during the preliminary stage ofexistence of the Interim Commission, the latterwould not be in a position to extend help tooutside organizations under stisfactory condi-tions. At the same time, it fully recognizedthe desirability of co-operating with thesevoluntary and scientific agencies, in the general

interest of public health and for mutual benefit.It had no doubt that such co-operation wouldbe established when the WHO had attainedmaturity.

After these explanations the note wasaccepted.

7. Appointment of an Expert Committee onNarcotic Drugs.

The CHAIRMAN drew attention to theproposal of the representative from Chinaconcerning the creation of an Expert Committeeon Narcotic Drugs, to co-operate with theCommission on Narcotic Drugs appointed bythe Economic and Social Council (documentWHO.IC/W.31, Annex 33).

Dr. KAUNTZE thought that proposals for thecreation of committees were becoming over-whelming and proposed an amendment for theappointment of five experts, to whom theSecretariat could refer when necessary.

Dr. KROTKOV mentioned the forthcomingInternational Conference on Narcotic Drugs.He thought that it would be wise for theExecutive Secretary to approach the organizersof this Conference, in order to realize effectivecollaboration with them.

The EXECUTIVE SECRETARY replied that hehad been in close touch with the NarcoticCommission of the United Nations. Withregard to the amendment suggested by Dr.Kauntze, what was needed was an expertcommittee qualified to advise and report onthe classification of drugs. This was a subjecton which individual expert opinions mightvary, and, in dealing with it, it was necessaryfor the Secretariat to have recourse to theadvice of a committee.

The CHAIRMAN summarized the facts leadingto the request of the Economic and SocialCouncil for a committee to be appointed bythe Interim Commission (United Nationsdocument E/168/Rev.2), and explained thatthe functions of such a committee would haveno relation to the production or trade aspectsof the question. He ernphasized that theConference of which mention had been madewould deal mainly with drug traffic, while thefunctions of the committee would be entirelytechnical.

Dr. KROTKOV thanked the Chairman for hisexplanation, stating that he had no objectionto the proposal of the representative fromChina ; and in view of the Executive Secretary'sexplanations, Dr. KAUNTZE withdrew hisamendment.

The resolUtion (document WHOJC/W.31)was therefore approved.


II NOVEMBER 1946 - 26 - EIGHTH MEETING

EIGHTH MEETING

Held on Monday, II November 1946, at 2.30 p.m., Palais des Nations, Geneva.


1. Appointment of Committee on Biologi-cal Standardization.

The CHAIRMAN opened the discussion on thedraft resolution concerning Biological Stan-dardization (document WHOJC/W.49, Annex36), requesting the Chairman and the ExecutiveSecretary of the Interim Commission to appointa small body of not more than eight experts,to form the nucleus of the future Committee.

Dr. HYDE said that he considered that theCommittee's plan of work should be submittedto the Interim Commission.

It was decided accordingly.

2. Appointment of Committee on MedicalNomenclature.

The Commission then examined the draftresolution proposed by the United Kingdomrepresentative regarding the Establishment ofInternational Lists of Causes of Morbidity(document WHO.IC/W.45, Annex 34b).

In reply to a question by Dr. VAN DEN BERGas to the appointment of the same Committeeto consider two different subjects, Dr. BIRAUDsaid that he wished to remove any apprehensionwhich might be felt. The work of nomenclaturewould be carried out both by experts inmortality questions and by specialists inquestions of morbidity.

Dr. VAN DEN BERG expressed himself inagreement.

The resolution was approved.

3. Research Laboratories.Dr. HYDE submitted a resolution to the

Commission (document WHO.IC/W.39, Annex26), not ng the resedution of the Economic andSocial Council regarding the establishment ofresearch laboratories (3 October 1946, U.N.document E/233), drawing the attention of theCouncil to the aims of the WHO, and reservingthe rights of the latter Organization in healthresearch.

Mr. YATES said that the United Nations reso-lution referred to had been passed in the Econo-mic and Social Council with the support of anumber of the Governments represented onthe Interim Commission, that it called onlyfor a report, not immediate action, andthat the Secretary-General intended to consultthe Interim Commission in the preparation ofthe report. He referred also to a passage inthe Second Report uf the Advisory Group ofExperts on the avoidance of duplicationbetween the United Nations and its specializedagencies.

Dr. MACKENZIE suggested a drafting amend-ment in paragraph i on page 2 of the resolutionunder consideration.

The CHAIRMAN recommended the adoptionof the resolution thus amended (cf. documentWHOJC/W.39, Annex 26). He said that hewas sure that, as " health " had been expresslymentioned in the Charter of the United Nations,the Secretary-General would get into touchwith the Interim Commission in all cases ofrecommendations made by the Economic andSocial Council regarding health questions.

The resolution was then adopted by theCommission.

4. Transfer of UNRRA Health Functions.

The transfer of the health functions ofUNRRA to the Interim Commission formedthe subject of a draft resolution submitted byDr. PARRAN, in his capacity as Rapporteur ofthe Sub-Committee on Negotiations withUNRRA (document WHO.IC/W.44, Annex22c). The draft resolution had received theunanimous approval of the members of theSub-Committee, but Dr. Parran drew attentionto the observations made by Dr. Krotkov andDr. Evang concerning the distribution of thefunds which UNRRA had placed at thedisposal of the Interim Commission : they feltthat the credits allowed for fellowships oughtto be reduced and the sum thus savedused to increase the credits allotted to thefight against tuberculosis, malaria and epidemicdiseases in devastated areas.

In connection with paragraph 4, dealingwith the provisional budget allocation, it wasproposed that there be added the words " inaccordance with the terms of the agreementwith UNRRA ".

Dr. KAUNTZE suggested indicating the sourceof the $1,500,000 transferred to the WHO.He also regarded it as essential that the DraftAgreement (Annex 7 of document WHO.IC/W.13, Annex 224) should specify that alladministrative expenses incurred by theInterim Commission in the accomplishment ofthe functions taken over from UNRRA shouldbe borne by the special budget relating to thoseactivities, not charged to the funds of theInterim Commission.

A new wording was then proposed byDr. PARRAN, paragraph 4 being completed asfollows : " in order to make possible theexecution of the tasks set out in the agreementand to defray administrative expenses ".

EIGHTH MEETING - 2 - II 'NOVEMBER 1946

Summarizing the discussion, the CHAIRMANobserved that all seemed to be in favour ofaccepting the agreement with UNRRA, butthat it was considered, on the one hand, thatthe money handed over should be employed asjudiciously as possible and, on the other, thatthe Interim Commission should not incuradministrative expenses chargeable to its ownbudget. It was also agreed that the Commissionshould revise the UNRRA programme butshould take no action without first reachingpreliminary agreement with the Governmentsconcerned.

After an exchange of views, it was finallydecided that the Committee on Administrationand Finance should submit a report at thenext session as to the financial aspect of theproposed transfer and that the Interim Com-mission should then determine the distributionof the tasks taken over from UNRRA.

The resolution submitted by the Sub-Committee on Negotiations with UNRRA(document WHO.IC/W.44) was then adopted,subject to the proposed amendments.

5. Site of Headquarters of Interim Com-mission.

The Commission then considered the questionof choosing a seat.

The EXECUTIVE SECRETARY, referring to theexperiences of the Interim Commission inNew York, drew the attention of Members tothe material difficulties with which the Secre-tariat had been faced.

Provisional quarters had been provided inthe building of the New York Academy ofMedicine, but the amount of space placed atthe disposal of the Commission (one large andthree small rooms) had not been adequate.Moreover, it did not seem as if the situation,particularly in regard to living accommodation,was likely to improve noticeably in the nearfuture.

The question of maritime and air transportshould also be considered. In view of the diffi-culty of finding room in the liners and aircraftproceeding from Europe to America, therewould inevitably be a great delay and muchdifficulty in transporting to New York all ofthe documents of the Office in Paris and thoseof UNRRA in London. It would, moreover,be preferable to centralize the EpidemiologicalService in Geneva, and if no bureau wereinstalled in Europe, it would be impossible totake over the activities of UNRRA and of theOffice on the date which had been fixed.

Further, expenses were higher in New Yorkthan in Geneva, where a meeting of theCommission would be estimated to cost$40,000, as compared with $6o,000 in NewYork. The Palais des Nations provided all thefacilities necessary for rapid work. Althoughan office would, of course, have to be maintainedin New York for purposes of liaison with theUnited Nations and other institutions, itseemed logical that most of the work shouldbe carried on in Europe.

Dr. EVANG pointed out that the Commissionhad taken no decision in New York on thequestion of its seat. He thought that fulllatitude as to the choice should be given tothe Chairman and the ' Executive Secretary.The tasks which had to be undertaken clearlynecessitated the existence of a bureau inEurope, and Geneva seemed to offer manyadvantages. It was obvious that the ExecutiveSecretary could maintain a small office inNew York if he so wished.

Mr. YATES informed the Commission thathe had been notified by New York thatthe Secretary-General could not undertake tomake space and facilities available in theGeneva building after the close of the presentsession of the Interim Commission. However,if the Commission, after considering all thearguments, finally decided to ask for space inthe Palais des Nations, he believed that, subjectto other commitments, the Secretary-Generalwould still do what he could to providefacilities. The Members of the Commissionwere surely aware of the current proposals inthe General Assembly which might affect theuse of the buildings.

Dr. TOGBA suggested that Paris ought also tobe Considered, and he asked that a secret votebe taken. Members who had to leave beforethe voting could hand their voting papers tothe Executive Secretary.

Dr. VAN DEN BERG pointed out that theCommission had been appointed for only ashort period ; if there were a considerableincrease in its work in the next few weeks, itwould have to possess the material means forcarrying it out. The following principle shouldbe adopted, he thought : the work actuallybeing carried on in America should be continuedthere, but the work which had to be done inEurope should be centralized in one or moreEuropean offices.

Dr. ROUTLEY expressed the view that, as theCommission was merely a provisional organiza-tion, too much importance should not beattached to the location of its Secretariat, theessential point being for it to do good work inthe best possible conditions. As the Commissionhad decided to take over certain functions ofthe Office International d' Hy giène Publique andof UNRRA-functions which had to beexecuted in Europe-the Executive Secretaryshould have in Europe the necessary accom-modation and staff. In any case, the seat ofthe Commission should be chosen withoutprejudice to the subsequent decision on theseat of the World Health Organization.

Dr. SZE observed that, whereas Dr. Evangwould like the seat of the Commission to be inGeneva and a small office to be maintained inNew York, he (Dr. Sze) would like the seat toremain in New York. It had been taken forgranted at the New York meetings that theheadquarters of the Commission would bein that city. The material difficulties whichthe Secretariat had experienced, to whichDr. Chisholm had referred, had been found

II NOVEMBER 1946 - 28 - EIGHTH MEETING

susceptible of solution by other United Nationsinstitutions. He asked the observer from theUnited Nations whether these difficulties couldnot be surmounted and the working conditionsin New York improved.

Mr. YATES replied that when the InterimCommission had begun its activities and hadasked for the help of the United Nations, thelatter had also been experiencing difficultiesand was overburdened with work. He hadwitnessed that himself. Since then, thesituation and prospects had progressivelyimproved, but he was not in a position to givemore detailed information.

Dr. EVANG emphasized that the head-quarters of the Interim Commission had notbeen considered in New York. The questionwhich had been discussed was that of theheadquarters of the World Health Organi-tation 1. He propósed the adoption of a reso-lution declaring that the Interim Commis-sion would authorize its Chairman and ExecutiveSecretary to establish the necessary offices inEurope, preferably in Geneva, while maintain-ing, if it appeared desirable and necessary, abureau in New York.

Dr. LECLAINCHE pointed out that the Com-mission was discussing the question of fixingthe headquarters of a purely provisionalSecretariat, and he thought it doubtful whethera matter of this kind should occupy its attentionfor so long a time. The task with which theSecretariat was faced was urgent, as certainfunctions had to be taken over as fromDecember. Dr. Chisholm had drawn attentionto the various advantages which he saw inestablishing the Secretariat at Geneva ; it nowappeared, however, that the United Nationscould not guarantee the availability of spacein the Palais des Nations. This difficulty, asomewhat unexpected one, could probably beeliminated ; certainly from the point of viewof facilitating the work, the headquarters of theSecretariat ought to be in Europe. If it couldnot be established in Geneva, there were othercities in Europe in which suitable and possiblypleasant quarters might be found, and itseemed best to leave it to the ExecutiveSecretary and the Chairman to choose thelocation.

Dr. KROTKOV observed that the reason whyno decision had been taken in New York as tothe provisional seat was because the Com-mission did not then have the experience whichit now possessed. It was certain that thegreater part of the activities of the Com-mission would be carried on in Europe and inthe Near and Far East ; it would thereforebe more logical that the seat should be inEurope. Attention should also be paid to thequestion of facility of communications : two-thirds of the Members of the Commission livednearer to Geneva than to New York. Finally,

1 See " Summary Records of the Eleventh,Twelfth, Thirteenth and Fourteenth Meetingsof Committee Two of the International HealthConference, " United Nations documents E/H/AF/W.31, 37, 38 and 43.

the difficulties of working in New York hadbeen explained by the Executive Secretary, andhis opinion ought to be taken into account,since it was he who would be responsible forcarrying out a heavy programme of work.If the advantages of New York on the onehand and of Europe on the other were weighedin the balance, Europe would win.

Dr. PARRAN reminded the Commission thathis country had not taken part in the dis-cussions about the seat of the United Nations.As for the Health Organization, when theInterim Commission had decided to establisha Secretariat of its own, the question ofheadquarters had not been considered. It wasassumed that it would be situated at the sameplace as that of the United Nations, with aview to close collaboration between the twoorganizations. The Interim Commission wasnot qualified to do anything which mightprejudice the choice of the seat of the WHO,to be fixed by its First Assembly in agreementwith the United Nations. There would have tobe negotiations with the United Nationsauthorities on this subject, and one of the mosturgent duties of the Interim Commission wasto obtain the greatest possible number ofratifications as soon as possible. If the seatwere to be in Geneva, negotiations with theUnited Nations would be more difficuit, andthere would be less chance of getting theConstitution quickly ratified.

Housing difficulties in New York wereserious, but as the United Nations had foundit possible to overcome them, the InterimCommission should certainly also be able tofind accommodation. A request might be madeboth to the United Nations and to the UnitedStates Government with a view to facilitatingthe installation of the Secretariat in. New York.

The Commission was not legally or morallyqualified to decide about the seat of the WorldHealth Organization, and before any transferof the Interim Commission's headquarters fromNew York to Geneva were considered, thematter should be taken up with the UnitedNations. The most important task before theCommission-a task which had not yet beendiscussed-was that of hastening the dis-appearance of the Commission and theestablishment of the WHO, by means of ratifica-tion of its Constitution by twenty-six Govern-ments.

Dr. SZE, supported by Dr. VAN DEN BERG,proposed the following amendment to theresolution introduced by Dr. Evang :

" The headquarters of the Interim Com-mission shall remain in New York. TheExecutive Secretary, after securing theapproval of the Chairman, shall be authorizedto establish an office in Geneva and suchother offices as may be required. "

The CHAIRMAN promised that at the nextmeeting he would summarize the views whichhad been expressed.

The meeting rose at 6 p.m.

NINTH MEETING - 29 - 12 NOVEMBER 1946

NINTH MEETING

Held on Tuesday, 12 November 1946, at 2.30 p.m., Palais des Nations, Geneva.


I. Headquarters of Interim Commission.

The discussion opened on the draft resolu-tions concerning the seat of the InterimCommission, one submitted by the representa-tive from France (document WHO.IC/W.52,Annex I6a), and the other by the Chairman(document WHO.IC/W.53, Annex 16b).

Dr. KAUNTZE considered that nothing shouldbe done to give the impression that the Com-mission was moving its work away from itsmain centre, which was New York. Thesuggestion which had been made to leave thechoice of the seat to the Executive Secretarywas not acceptable, since the Interim Com-mission itself had to assume its responsibilities.The two texts proposed did not clearly indicatewhat the functions of the New York officewould be. If, as the ExecutiVe Secretarythought, most of the work had to be carriedout in Europe, it was none the less indispensablethat the Interim Commission should have itsprincipal office in New York and that theSecretariat be represented there by a reallysenior officer, in other words either by theExecutive Secretary or his Deputy. The tasksof the Interim Commission would includenegotiations with the United Nations and itsspecialized agencies ; and the latter, with theexception of UNESCO, had their headquartersin the United States of America or in Canada.Moreover, in view of the negotiations nowtaking place with the Pan American SanitaryBureau, the presence of a high-ranking officialin New York was a necessity.

Dr. LECLAINCHE pointed out that theChairman's draft resolution did not specifywhere the headquarters of the Interim Com-mission would be, whereas the resolutionwhich he himself had proposed provided forthe installation of an office in New York butfixed the seat in Geneva, or, failing Geneva,in another European city to be chosen by theExecutive Secretary. The Commission wouldthus have a definite headquarters, which wouldbe indispensable for the execution of the taskswhich would fall to it.

Dr. SZE could not agree to either of the draftresolutions proposed. He himself had submittedan amendment to a resolution on the previousday (cf. Summary Record of Eighth Meeting,page 28 ; and he suggested that this amend-ment be considered.

Dr. ROUTLEY, on behalf of Dr. Evang, whohad been obliged to leave for Oslo, mentionedthe resolution which the latter had proposed

at the previous meeting, according to whichthe Executive Secretary would be authorized,with the agreement of the Chairman, to setup an office in Europe, preferably in Geneva,and if it appeared necessary, one in New Yorkas well. Before his departure, Dr. Evang hadasked him to delete the last part of his draftresolution, which would then read :

" The Interim Commission directs theChairman and Executive Secretary toestablish the necessary offices for the InterimCommission in Europe, preferably inGeneva."

Dr. TOGBA considered that it would beadvisable, as suggested by the United Kingdomrepresentative, to leave the headquarters ofthe Commission in New York. It would befor the Executive Secretary to decide wherethe work could best be carried out.

Dr. KAUNTZE proposed an amendment tothe draft resolution WHO.IC/W.53, as follows :by replacing the word " Office " in paragraphby " Headquarters Office " and adding thewords " and the fulfilment of other functionsof the Interim Commission " ; by omitting inparagraph 2, the allusions to the Epidemio-logical Service and to UNRRA, so that the Odeof the Geneva office would not be limited ;and in paragraph 3, by substituting for " itwill be indispensable for other activities " theword " necessary ". (See Annex 16e).

Dr. SZE accepted the resolution in that formand withdrew his own proposal, with theconsent of Dr. VAN DEN BERG, who hadsupported it.

Dr. LECLAINCHE likewise withdrew hisresolution, and he supported the proposedamendment, as did Dr. PARRAN.

Dr. KROTKOV then proposed anotherformula, which would authorize the Chairmanof the Commission and the Executive Secretaryto select the seat of the Commission, afterconsulting the United Nations and taking intoaccount the opinions expressed by Members inthe course of the discussion. Any other pro-cedure, he thought, might make it very difficultfor the executive organ to fulfil its task.

Summing up the debate on the subject, theCHAIRMAN said that, in his draft resolution, hehad attempted to take into account all theopinions expressed. He had proposed, in fact,(1) that an office should remain in New Yorkto assume liaison with the United Nations,(2) that an office should also be set up in

12 NOVEMBER 1946 30 -7- NINTH MEETING

Geneva, and (3) that other offices might beopened, in Shanghai, for example, where reliefwork for China, begun by UNRRA, would haveto be directed.

He did not think a vote necessary. If it wereindispensable that the Interim Commissiorishould have an office in New York for collabora-tion with the United Nations, its technicalwork should nevertheless be carried on inGeneva. He would therefore accept Dr.Kauntze's amendment to paragraph 2 of hisresolution, which would give this paragraph awider application. With regard to paragraph 3,it laid a heavy responsibility on the Chairmanand Executive Secretary, but for his part hewas ready to accept it.

Dr. KROTKOV believed that the Chairman'sproposal best answered the exigencies of themoment, because it took into account previousexperience, the requirements of the work tóbedone and the different opinions expressed.

Dr. SZE asked that the debate be terminatedand the vote taken, at the same time emphasiz-ing that any hesitation on his part in acceptingthe terms of the proposed resolution did notimply any lack of appreciation of the efforts ofthe Chairman to reach agreement.

Dr. HYDE supported the motion to end thedebate. He added, however, that, in hisopinion, the seat should be where the InterimCommission would best be able to carry outits principal task of establishing contact withother agencies of the United Nations pursuingsimilar aims. Most of those institutions-theEconomic and Social Council, FAO, UNRRA,PICAO-had their headquarters in the UnitedStates of America ; and New York being 'thecentre where all their activities converged, itwas therefore in New York where the head-quarters of the Interim Commission should be.

Dr. TOGBA recalled that at a previous meetinghe had asked that any voting on this questionshould be by secret ballot ; he withdrewthat proposal, which was then put forwardby Dr. LECLAINCHE.

The CHAIRMAN pointed out that the Rules ofProcedure contained no provision for voting bysecret ballot in such a case and that con-sequently the Commission would have todecide on this matter.

Dr. KAUNTZE and Dr. ROUTLEY agreed thatthere was no such provision in the Rules,Dr. Routley reminding the Commission that,if a change in the Rules were contemplated, anadvance notification of twenty-four hourswould be necessary.

The CHAIRMAN stated that he preferred toreach a decision without resorting to a vote.As three draft resolutions had been presentedwithout agreement having been reached, he

suggested that the representatives fromCanada, Brazil and Egypt attempt to work outa draft acceptable to all.

Dr. HYDE raised, a point of order, doubtingwhether a question could be referred back toa few Members of the Commission, when theCommission already had a resolution before iton the subject, and Dr. KAUNTZE agreed withDr. Hyde that this was not a correct procedure.

The CHAIRMAN announced, therefore, that avote would be taken. BefOre considering theresolution as a whole (document WHO.IC/W.53), the Commission voted on the amend-ments proposed by Dr. Kauntze ; and theresults were :

For the amendments : it votesAgainst : 3 votes.

Dr. DE PAULA SOUZA remarked that he tookexception to the growing tendency to leavethe technical aspect of questions in the back-ground and to consider them principally fromdiplomatic and legal points of view.

The CHAIRMAN pointed out that the amend-ments which had just been accepted greatlymodified the resolution which he had originallyproposed with the hope of reaching an agree-ment. He felt that he therefore might interpretthe vote as implying a lack of confidence inhim.

Dr. CHOUCHA Pacha protested at thisinterpretation. The impartial manner in whichthe 'Chairman had conducted the debate hadwon the admiration of all Members of theCommission.

Dr. KAUNTZE also assured the Chairmanthat the proposed amendments did not implyany lack of confidence. He then proposed thatthe resolution should be adopted as amendedand was supported by Dr. PARRAN.

As a result of a vote, the resolution asamended was adopted with four dissentingvotes.

Dr. ROUTLEY repeated that there was noquestion of lack of confidence in the Chairman.The resolution which the Chairman hadsubmitted had been accepted in the spirit,if not in the letter, and if a vote of the InterimCommission were to be considered as raisinga question of confidence, he personally wouldprefer to abstain from voting.

Dr. PARRAN said that he admired the spiritin which the Chairman had attempted toconciliate different opinions. The Rules ofProcedure, however, had been drawn upbecause it was essential to arrive at agreement,not necessarily unanimous, on any givenquestion, and to request the application ofthe Rules of Procedure was the right of eachmember of the Commission.

NINTH MEETING 12 NOVEMBER 1946

Dr. ROUTLEY having proposed a vote ofconfidence in the Chairman, all the membersof the Commission adopted it unanimously.

2. Report of the Committee on Adminis-tration and Finance.

The Commission then passed to the examina-tion of the Report of the Committee onAdministration and Finance (document WHO.IC/AF/2, Annex 3Ib). The recommendationin paragraph 9 concerning the engagement ofofficials at a salary, equal to or more than$8,000 was adopted, with an amendmentdeleting references to obtaining the approvalof the Chairman of the Committee on Adminis-tration and Finance as an alternative to theapproval of the Chairman.

Dr. HYDE drew the attention of the Com-mission to the practice in the United States ofrequiring a fidelity guarantee of officialshandling funds. He suggested that a rulebe inserted requiring the Commission tofollow United Nations practice in this matter.

The proposal was accepted, and documentWHOJC/AF/2 adopted.

3. Amendment to Rules of Procedure.The proposed amendment to the Rules of

Procedure (document WHO.IC/AF/W.5, Annex27), which recommended the addition of anArticle 27bis, regarding the adoption of rulesof procedure by committees, was thenconsidered. The amendment was adopted bythe required two-thirds majority.

4. Allocation of UNRRA Funds.The Commission next considered the Report

of the Special Sub-Committee entrusted withthe task of examining the allocation of thefunds which had been offered by UNRRA,with a view to the continuation of its work inthe health field (document WHO.IC/AF/4,Annex 31c).

The CHAIRMAN recalled that, in conformitywith the arrangement reached with UNRRA,it was for the Commission to allocate thesefunds. Although it was a sound practice tosplit up a budget into headings, he thoughtthat in this particular case it would be pre-mature to do so, since the activities carried outby UNRRA were under revision. He thereforesuggested that chapter headings should beomitted or, if it were desired to retain them,that no sum should be stipulated under them.

Dr. SZE proposed the nomination of a smallcommittee of three which, with the ExecutiveSecretary, could split up the budget intoheadings at a later date.

Dr. HYDE said that the main thing was todisburse this money in the most judiciousmanner and to strengthen health services incountries devastated by war. As, however,the requirements of the different countrieswere not yet known, a rather large sum shouldbe blocked for future needs-he would suggestthe sum of $750,000-and the rest of themoney left at the disposal of the ExecutiveSecretary for the tasks to be immediatelyundertaken. Later, the Executive Secretarywould be better informed as to the require-ments, and a final budget could be set upchapter by chapter.

Dr. KROTKOV believed that all freedomshould be left to the Chairman and to theExecutive Secretary in this matter. He wouldlike to see headings 3 and 4 increased ; onthe other hand, the expenditure mentionedunder heading 5 seemed excessive to him.He suggested, moreover, that the representativefrom the Ukraine might be appointed as oneof the three representatives to advise theExecutive Secretary concerning the allocationof the money.

Dr. TOGBA repeated his suggestion that thezone of activity of expert missions should beextended as soon as funds were made availableto the WHO.

Dr. GOODMAN stated that the funds trans-ferred to the Interim Commission were ear-marked for countries already in receipt of helpfrom UNRRA, as was indicated in the agree-ment drawn up between the two organizations.

The CHAIRMAN suggested that the InterimCommission place at the disposal of theExecutive Secretary the sum of $300,000 tocover immediate expenditure, the balance of$1,200,000 to be allocated according to thedecision of the committee appointed for thatpurpose. He said that this committee couldprobably meet in December, when the Secre-tariat would have received replies from Govern-ments concerning their requirements ; it shouldmeet in Europe, since it was for the purpose ofcarrying out the work taken over from UNRRAin the best possible way that the Commissionwould set up an office in Geneva. He thoughtthat not only the Ukrainian representative butrepresentatives from Poland and Yugoslaviaas well might be invited to join this committee,as those countries had also greatly sufferedas a result of the war.

It was decided to continue the discussionat the next meeting.

The meeting rose at 5.45 p.

13 NOVEMBER 1946 ___ 32 ____ TENTH MEETING

TENTH MEETING

Held on Wednesday, 13 November 1946, at 3.30 p.m., Palais des Nations, Geneva.


1. Provisional Budget for UNRRA HealthFunctions.

The CHAIRMAN stated that there had been agreat deal of discussion of this question. Hehimself had proposed that the Interim Com-mission should authorize its ExecutiveSecretary to incur expenditure up to anamount not exceeding $300,000 ; he hadfurther proposed the appointment of a com-mittee of five members to prepare an itemizedbudget, to be presented at the third sessionof the Interim Commission.

In reply to a question by Dr. KAUNTZE asto whether that sum would be sufficient tocover expenses up to the next session, theEXECUTIVE SECRETARY explained that theperiod of greatest expenditure would be at theoutset, and he suggested that Dr. Goodmanmake a short statement on the subject.

Dr. GOODMAN entirely agreed that commit-ments would be at their maximum during thefirst quarter, particularly as far as fellowshipswere concerned. He personally would havepreferred the figure to be increased to $5oo,000.

Dr. SZE supported the suggestion to appointa committee of five, which should include thethree members proposed by the Committee onAdministration and Finance, together with therepresentatives from the Ukraine and Yugo-slavia ; and he agreed also with the suggestionthat the Executive Secretary should beauthorized to incur expenditure up to theamount of $500,000. He desired, however, tomake a few observations, to be placed onrecord :

(I) He considered it a bad budgetingprinciple for the Commission to burdenthe Executive Secretary with the res-ponsibility for so large a sum.

Referring to a matter discussed on theprevious day-namely, procedure andpersonal confidence-he would agree tothe proposal of the Chairman out of hisgreat respect for him and confidence inhis judgment. The Commission shouldremember, however, that in taking thisaction it would be rejecting the con-sidered reconunendation of the Com-mittee on Administration and Finance,which had been based on expert advice,including that of Dr. Goodman.

(2)

The CHAIRMAN remarked that no greatresponsibilities would rest with the ExecutiveSecretary, because he could at all times refer

budgetary problems to the Interim Commission.He added that his own proposal differed onlyin wording from that of the Committee onAdministration and Finance.

In reply to the Chairman, Dr. GOODMANmade two brief remarks. He agreed that thetime was ripe for the revision of the UNRRAprogramme, in consideration of the presentneed for helping certain Governments. At thesame time, he said, UNRRA experts were sentto countries only at the request of the Govern-ments concerned, a condition which wouldapply equally when the Interim Commissiontook over the work.

Dr. KAUNTZE agreed with Dr. Sze thatexpenses should be limited to those mentionedin the agreement negotiated with UNRRA.He emphasized that the provisions of theArrangement were such that this work couldonly be undertaken on the request of theGovernments concerned. Under the FinancialRegulations, the Executive Secretary couldnot, without incurring personal responsibility,exceed the sum voted, and he thought thatthis sum should be increased to $500,000.The Commission could be confident that theExecutive Secretary would not incur anyunnecessary expenditure.

The CHAIRMAN having promised that thebudgeting position would be safeguarded, hisproposal was passed as amended by Dr.Kauntze, on the understanding that theExecutive Secretary would observe the greatesteconomy in connection with the UNRRAappropriation.

It was further agreed that the Committeeto revise the UNRRA programme should becomposed of the representatives from Canada,China, the Ukraine, the United States ofAmerica and Yugoslavia, under the Chair-manship of Dr. van den Berg, Chairman of theCommittee on Administration and Finance.

2. Report of the Committee on Epidemio-logy and Quarantine (document WHO.IC/EQI, Annex 39).

Dr. MACKENZIE, presenting the report of theCommittee on Epidemiology and Quarantine,stated that the Committee had biirne in mindtwo points in particular : the necessity forextreme economy and the burden of workalready imposed on the Secretariat. Therewere nevertheless certain duties arising out ofInternational Sanitary Conventions, describedin Section i of the report, which would have

TEiTTH ,MEÉTING - 33 - 13 NOVEMBER 1946%

to be fulfilled. The only additional proposalinvolving expenditure which had been adoptedby the Committee was the proposal to set upthe Committee on Malaria, for which twomeetings had been envisaged during the year.It had also been agreed by the Committee that,in the case of all future committees or sub-committees set up by the Committee onEpidemiology and Quarantine, a detailedagenda should be carefully prepared by theSecretariat, prior to the holding of anymeetings.

Dr. VAN DEN BERG suggested. that Dr. "Sze,Rapporteur of the Committee on Administra-tion and Finance, should outline the financialaspect of the proposals.

Dr. SZE said that the Committee on Admi-nistration and Finance had tried to estimatethe expenditures which would be involved bythe setting up. of the four committees or sub-committees proposed by the Epidemiologyand Quarantine Committee, and had alsodrawn up a supplementary budget for theCommittee on Biological Standardization setup by the Commission. It had estimatedthat a sum of $44,000 would be required forthese committees. Having been informed thatthe next session of the Interim Commissionwould have to be a longer one than hadoriginally been foreseen, the Committee hadalso been faced with finding a further sum of$45,000. To meet this total sum of $89,000,the Committee had thought_ that a saving of$50,000 could be effected in Chapter I of theBudget, and the remaining $39,000 found byobtaining the authorization of the UnitedNations to use in 1947 sums which had beenbudgeted but not utilized in 1946. Thisauthorization would be necessary before theproposals of the Committee on Epidemiologyand Quarantine could be approved, and theExecutive Secretary should therefore be askedto approach the United Nations in this sense

The EXECUTIVE SECRETARY mentionedanother possible method of obtaining thenecessary credits-i.e., by recourse to the.$35,000 provided for technical experts inChapter III, item 5, of the Budget. He alsosuggested that under certain conditions theneeds might be met by the appointment of onetechnical expert or very small nuclear com-mittees.

Dr. VAN DEN BERG stated his convictionthat, since the necessary finances were notavailable, the Commission should avoid thesetting up of further committees.

Dr. KROTKOV, also urging the necessity forexercising prudence in the creation of com-mittees, said that membership of committeesmight have to be reduced. What was essentialwas to secure the services of specialists, whowould not necessarily have to hold meetingsin order to carry out their work. Moreover,when meetings were held, the agenda shouldalways be prepared in advance by the Secre-tariat.

Dr. MACKENZIE stressed that the setting upof certain committees was necessary, to meetobligations under the terms of existing Inter-national Sanitary Conventions. As to thesuggestion of the Executive Secretary for theappointment of nuclear committees, the inten-tion had certainly been, in the case of theproposed Malaria Committee, to set up such acommittee. It would be impossible to find oneindividual expert for the examination of sucha question as malaria, for example. The onlypossible method was -Co appoint a number ofrecognized experts from different countries togive a combined opinion, which alone would berespected by scientific institutions and publichealth administrations.

The EXECUTIVE SECRETARY stated that hisidea had been that individual experts might beappointed in the interim period, because ofbudgetary considerations.

The CHAIRMAN assured the Commissionthat the only committees to be set up at once,under the authorization given to himself andthe Executive Secretary, would be thoseimposed by the terms of InternationalConventions. The others would be discussed atthe next session of the Commission, and thefinancial position would always be kept inmind. He proposed the acceptance of thereport.

Dr. MACKENZIE pointed out that, under rule26 of the Rules of Procedure, the Commissionshould define the composition and terms ofreference of each committee.

The CHAIRMAN said that a detailed pro-gramme would be submitted at the next sessionof the Commission ; and the report was thenapproved, as was the recommendation of theCommittee on Administration and Finance thatthe Executive Secretary should be authorizedto approach the United Nations for authorityto use in 1947, sums budgeted but not utilizedin 1946.

3. Committee for Transfer of the Paris Office.

The CHAIRMAN then laid before the membersof the Commission the resolution concerningthe transfer of the Office International d'HygiènePublique (document WHOJC/W.4i, Annex 20).This resolution called for the setting up of asmall committee consisting of the represen-tatives from the Netherlands, Mexico andAustralia, working in co-operation with thePresident of the Permanent Committee of theOffice and its Commission on Transfer andFinance, to take any necessary action on theArrangement of 22 July 1946 and to reportback to the Interim Commission.

The resolution was unanimously adopted.

13 NOVEMBER 1946 34 - 'TENTH MEÈTIN G

4. Requests to the Secretariat.

Speaking as Rapporteur of the Committeeon Administration and Finance, Dr. SZE askedthat he be authorized to request the ExecutiveSecretary to present the budgetary situ\ationto that Committee in February, and not, asstipulated in the Financial Regulations, at thetime of the next session, in order that the Corn-mittee might be enabled to accomplish itstask more expeditiously by being properlyacquainted with the situation in advance.

The CHAIRMAN supported the proposal, andthe Commission requested the ExecutiveSecretary to prepare the revised itemizedbudget by February.

Dr. VAN DEN BERG, Chairman of the Com-mittee on Administration and Finance, con-sidered that the Committee should not onlyhave sufficient time before a given session tostudy the questions to be laid before it, butalso that in future sessions the programmes ofmeetings of committees should be co-ordinated.

The CHAIRMAN agreed and requested theCommittee to make suggestions in this connèc-tion.

5. Plans for Publications.At the request of the CHAIRMAN, Dr. BIRAUD

described the situation concerning publications(see Annex 43) :

A W eekly Epidemiological Record wasenvisaged, to include the particulars whichappeared at present in the communiqués of theOgce, in the bulletins published at Geneva andin those of UNRRA issued in Washington andLondon ; it would also include notificationsof the application of International SanitaryConventions, notes on the movement ofépidemic diseases throughout the world,detailed tables for separate diseases and vitalstatistics. Such a Record could be publishedin Geneva if the specialized staffs of theLeague, of UNRRA and the Ofte were groupedin that city.

It would be desirable to have a facsimile ofthis Record appear in the United States. Thestatistical material could reach New York infrom two to four days and be reproduced therewithin twenty-four hours. It would then bedespatched directly from New York toAmerican subscribers, a procedure which wouldeffect a saving in postage.

The Monthly Bulletin of the Ogce and theBulletin of the Health Organization of the Leagueof Nations would be continued until the WHOwas in a position to bring out its own Bulletin.Mention, however, would have to be madein these periodicals that they were appearinghenceforward under the xgis of the InterimCommission. As long as the Ofiice remained inexistence, its Monthly Bulletin would bear theinformation that it was being published onbehalf of the Ogce.

The future Bulletin of the W HO shouldcontain technical studies prepared by experts

of the WHO and reports of technical com-mittees. A health legislation series should alsobe issued, bound loosely to allow for easyclassification by subject. Both French andEnglish editions, and perhaps a Spanish one,should be envisaged.

There might also be a need for a furtherepidemiological periodical, which would containmonographs on the movement and preventionof communicable diseases.

During the interim period, a Chronicleof about four or five pages should be issuedevery month ; it would be distributd toMembers, to health administrations and tomedical journals, thus constituting an appro-priate medium for making known the work ofthe WHO.

Finally, there should be another publicationdevoted to the official minutes, first of theInterim Commission, and subsequently of theAssembly and Executive Board of the WHO.

Dr. MACKENZIE pointed out that, by virtueof Article IX of the Rome Agreement, theOffice was bound to publish a Bulletin eachmonth, and that this obligation would persistas long as the Agreement remained in force.

Dr. BIRAUD proposed that the title-page ofthe new periodical should indicate that it wasalso being published on behalf of the Ogce ; as,however, it was a question of a statutoryobligation, the drafting of this notice shouldbe entrusted to a legal expert.

Dr. ROUTLEY suggested that collaborationshould be instituted between the WHO and theWorld Medical Association, which also issued abulletin, and the CHAIRMAN proposed that itshould be left to the Executive Secretary tostudy the means by which such collaborationcould be established.

At the request of Dr. SZE, it was decidedthat the Committee On Relations would bekept informed of these proceedings.

Dr. PARRAN stated that he was gratified tolearn from Dr. Biraud that a special serieswas to be devoted to the minutes of the InterimCommission, and later to those of the Assemblyand Executive Board. He suggested that theSecretariat send the minutes of the first twosessions to Governments as quickly as possible.

In reply to Dr. Parran's suggestion that theminutes should be addressed to signatoryGovernments, once they had Men approved bythe Commission, the EXECUTIVE SECRETARYpromised to find means of having these docu-ments printed.

6. Approval of Minutes of First Session.

The CHAIRMAN recalled that the Minutes ofthe First Session had been distributed inmimeographed form. As no corrections hadbeen received, he proposed that they shouldbe adopted ; and the Commission agreed.

TENTH MEETING - 35 - 13 NOVEMBER 1946

7. Minutes of the Second Session.

Provisional minutes of the present session,the CHAIRMAN announced, would be sent toMembers in a short time ; any change theywished to make should be communicated tothe Secretariat before the end of the year ;the final text could then be iubmitted forapproval at the next session.

8. Definition of Geographical Areas.

The Commission then passed to the con-sideration of the draft resolution (documentWHO/ICW.5o, Annex 42) on the Definition ofGeographical Areas.

The CHAIRMAN recalled that it was among theresponsibilities of the Interim Commission toproceed with this definition.

The proposed text was adopted.

9. Office Space.

Mr. YATES referred again to the telegramwhich he had read in a previous meetingconcerning office space in the Palais des Nationswhich the United Nations might be able toput at the disposal of the WHO. He hadagain been in touch with New York and couldconfirm his previous statement-viz., thatwithout being able to promise anything, theSecretary-General would give sympatheticconsideration to any request made to him bythe Interim Commission. The Secretary-General had also informgd the Executive Secre-tary about office space which could be put atthe disposal of the Interim Commission inNew York.

The EXECUTIVE SECRETARY confirmed thathe had been advised that space to the extentof about 3,500 square feet could be rented tothe Interim Commission in the RKO Building.Should this be insufficient, the Commissioncould obtain other offices in the Empire StateBuilding, if these were not needed by any otherorganization.

10. Place and Date of Next Session.After consultation with the Members, the

CHAIRMAN suggested that the third session ofthe Commission should be held in Geneva on31 March 1947.

This was approved by the Commission.

11. Suggestions to Secretariat.Dr. KROTKOV drew the attention of the

Commission to the necessity for surrounding

the Chairman with a nucleus of experts andscientists able to undertake some of the workfalling to the Interim Commission. Hesuggested that, where appropriate, the Chair-man should call on Members of the Commission,scientific institutes and universities.

As to the ratification of the WHO Constitu-tion, he thought that the best procedure wouldbe to act through the intervention of theSecretary-General of the United Nations.

He also requested the Executive Secretaryto see that the preparatory documents weredistributed to Members soon enough before thenext session to enable a detailed study to bemade of them.

Replying to the second observation ofDr. Krotkov, the EXECUTIVE SECRETARY saidthat the text of the Constitution had been senton 25 September 1946 to all signatory Govern-ments, through the channel of the Secretary-General of the United Nations. The Economicand Social Council, for its part, had requestedthe General Assembly of the United Nationsto ask its Member States to ratify this Constitu:tion as quickly as possible. As far as he knew,that resolution was to be immediately sub-mitted to the Assembly.

12. Close of Session.

In closing, the CHAIRMAN stressed thefriendly spirit which had prevailed during thedebates of the first two sessions of the InterimCommission. The Commission had been con-fronted with and had solved many importantadministrative problems, and he hoped that,when the permanent Organization was onceestablished, it would be able to profit from allthe work done.

After thanking the Members, who, in comingfrom distant countries, had shown a readyspirit of international collaboration, he alsoexpressed his appreciation to the observersand to members of the Secretariat, who hadall contributed to the success of the session.

Dr. ROUTLEY, speaking for all the Membersof the Commission, praised the Chairmanhighly for his patient and impartial directionof the work accomplished during the secondsession. He proposed a vote of thanks to him,to which the Commission responded byacclamation.

The CHAIRMAN then declared the secondsession of the Interim Commission closed.


Annexes

SUMMARY RECORDS OF MEETINGSOF INTERNAL COMMITTEES

- 38 - COMMITTEE ON ADMINISTRATION de FINANCE

COMMITTEE ON ADMINISTRATION AND FINANCE

LIST OF MEMBERS

The following members were present :

Dr. Cornelis VAN DEN BERG, Netherlands, Chairman.Dr. André CAVAILLON, France, Vice-Chairman (attended only first two meetings).Dr. H. VAN ZILE HYDE, Alternate, United States of America.Dr. W. H. KAUNTZE, Alternate, United Kingdom.Dr. T. C. ROUTLEY, Alternate, Canada (absent fourth meeting).Dr. Andrija STAMPAR, Yugoslavia (attended only second and fifth meetings).Dr. Szeming SZE, China.

The following members were absent :

Dr. L. I. MEDVED, Ukrainian S.S.R., Vice-Chairman.Dr. M. MARTINEZ BAEZ, Mexico.

The following also attended the meetings :

Dr. H. A. ANSLEY, Canada.Dr. Lucien BERNARD, France.Mr. R. BRAIN, United Kingdom.M. C. J. GOUDSMIT, Netherlands.Dr. F. G. KROTKOV, Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.Dr. Xavier LECLAINCHE, France.Major C. MANI, India.Dr. W. A. TIMMERMAN, Netherlands.Dr. J. N. TOGBA, Liberia.Mr. F. A. VALLAT, United Kingdom.

The following attended as observers :

Dr. Neville GOODMAN, UNRRA.Mr. G. E. YATES, United Nations.

The following members of the Secretariat were present :

Dr. Brock CHISHOLM, Executive Secretary.Dr. Yves M. BIRAUD, Deputy Executive Secretary.

COMMITTEE ON ADMINISTRATION & FINANCE - 39 - FIRST MEETING

Annex 1.

FIRST MEETING

Held on Wednesday, 6 November 1946, at 3 Palais des Nations, Geneva.

Chairman : Dr. C. VAN DEN BERG (Netherlands).

The CHAIRMAN opened the meeting andwelcomed the representatives from India andLiberia, temporary Members of the Committee.

1. Report of Committee on Administration andFinance (document WHO.IC/AF/r, Annex3ra).

Dr. HYDE having mentioned that he had notreceived a copy of Annex z of the report,Dr. BIRAUD explained that the annex in questionhad not been attached to the document becauseit was confidential. It was then distributed tothe Committee.

After reading it, Dr. SZE asked whether itmight not be possible to have recourse toDr. Gaud's services in connection with questionson epidemiology and quarantine.

The EXECUTIVE SECRETARY replied thatDr. Gaud had been entrusted with the liquida-tion and transfer of the Office Internationald'Hygiène Publique. The possibility of request-ing his services for epidemiological questions aswell would be borne in mind.

Dr. TOGBA asked why, in the case of Item 4,Chapter I, of the budget estimates, ExpertCommittee on Epidemiological Intelligence andQuarantine, the original credit of $15,000 hadbeen reduced to $6,000.

The EXECUTIVE SECRETARY explained that itwas a question of estimates for 1946. ThisCommittee had not yet begun its work, for itwould only be constituted in 1947-a fact whichjustified the reduction in the credit for 1946.

After some discussion on paragraph IV,Payment of Expenses of Commission and Com-mittee Members, in which it was noted that adecision on the payment of travelling expensesand subsistence allowances had been postponeduntil the second session, the CHAIRMAN, insumming up, said that the Committee was facedwith two proposals. Dr. Sze had suggested thatthe words " was postponed until the next sessionof the Interim Commission " should be replacedby " was then examined by the Committee " ;and Dr. Routley, that the word " defray " bereplaced by the word " advance " in the phrase" decision as to whether Governments . . .

should defray the travelling expenses . . . ".

It was finally decided that the adoption ofparagraph IV be postponed until the Committeehad discussed the note by the Secretariat on thesubject (document WHO.IC/W.I5, Annex 28a).

2. Draft Provisional Financial Regulations(document WHO.IC/W.9, Annex 29a).

The EXECUTIVE SECRETARY stated that thisdocument had been drawn up by the Secretariat,in collaboration with Mr. P. G. Watterson,former Chief Accountant of the League ofNations Secretariat, and members of the finan-cial section of the United Nations. Mr. WalterSharp, Consultant to the Secretariat, was res-ponsible for the text.

Dr. EOUTLEY, referring to paragraph D ofRegulation I, expressed the view that the rulesof procedure of the Committee on Administra-tion and Finance should be the same as those ofthe Interim Commission.

Making various observations on the wording ofparagraph D, the EXECUTIVE SECRETARY sug-gested simply adopting a resolution in favourof bringing the rules of procedure of the Com-mittee into line with those of the Commission,the Committee retaining the right to fix the placeand date of its meetings.

It was decided accordingly.With regard to Regulation V, Acceptance of

Funds, paragraph B, Dr. HYDE said that hethought that the Commission should be author-ized to receive funds from UNRRA ; and Dr.GOODMAN stated that in effect this point wasthe subject of paragraph (f) of the ArrangementOf 22 July 19461.

Dr. SZE expressed approval of Dr. Hyde'sproposal. He thought that the scope of theparagraph should be extended to authorize theWHO to accept funds not only from UNRRAbut from other organizations such as theRockefeller Foundation, and he accordinglysuggested that .the word " health " should bedeleted in the expression " international healthagencies " and that after the words " 22 July1946 " the following phrase be added : " andany other funds which may be consideredacceptable by the Interim Commission."

Dr. HYDE agreed to this amendment, theCHAIRMAN suggesting that the Drafting Com-mittee which he intended to appoint could decideon the exact wording of it.

With reference to Regulation IX, Entry intoForce of the Financial Regulations, it was decidedthat these regulations should apply from the dayon which they were adopted by the Commission.

" Arrangement Setting up the InterimCommission of the World Health Organization ",Final Acts of the International Health Conference,pages 36-37 (United Nations document E/135).

FIRST MEETING

. -

40 - COMMITTEE ON' ADMINISTRATION ét FINAN.CE

Document WHO.IC/W.9 was then approved,.subject to such changes in form as the-DraftingCommittee might make as a result of the decisionstaken at the meeting.

3. Appointment of Vice-Chairmen.

The CHAIRMAN said that he thought it advis-able to appoint two Vice-Chairmen, as well as adrafting committee of three members, one ofwhom would be the Rapporteur. For the Vice-Chairmen, he suggested Drs. Cavaillon andMedved, although the latter had not yet arrived.

Dr. CAVAILLON expressed his thanks for thenomination and said that he would accept.

4. Appointment of Drafting Committee.

As members of the drafting committee, theCHAIRMAN then named Drs. Sze, Hyde and Mani,who all accepted the nominations. Dr. Sze wasappointed Rapporteur.

5. Payment of Expenses of Members.

The Committee then considered the afore-mentioned note by the Secretariat of the InterimCommission concerning the payment of expensesof Commission and Committee members inconnection with meetings (document WHO.IC/W.15, Annex 28a).

The EXECUTIVE SECRETARY explained thatthis question had been discussed in detail withthe United Nations authorities in New York,that the Economic and Social Council hadadopted a resolution, the substance of which wasreproduced in the document under consideration,and that the matter was now on the agenda ofthe General Assembly of the United Nations.

It was suggested by Dr. MANI that the Se-cretariat should find out what amounts had beenpaid by the other specialized agencies of theUnited Nations. With this knowledge, the Com-mittee would then be in a position to submit arecommendation to the Interim Commission.He reminded members that, in accordance witha decision adopted at the first session, theCommission would be responsible only for thecosts of one representative from each Govern-ment or his alternate-i.e., of eighteen persons.

Dr. TOGBA asked whether these paymentswould be made to Governments,or to represent-atives and whether it would not be possible forthe Executive Secretary to get in touch with thelatter before each session, in order to let themhave the amounts due to them.

The EXECUTIVE SECRETARY observed thatthe normal practice was for representatives toobtain advances from their - Governments. Atthe sessions, the Secretariat paid them the sumsto which they were entitled, and it was for themto reimburse their Governments. It would bepossible to pay the representatives their dailyallowances, and they might request the Secreta-riat to let them have a certain sum in advancebefore they left their own countries, but thiswould involve certain complications.

Dr. MANI said that he thought that the Se-eretariat could be left to settle these matters ofdetail, since conditions varied with each person.

He suggested that the Committee should act inaccordance with paragraph 6 of the note, whichwould authorize the Secretariat to make suitablearrangements.

Dr. HYDE pointed out that the Chairman, whowas deprived of the right to vote, was in theservice of the Commission, not of his Govern-ment, and that the Commission was thereforeresponsible for his travelling expenses andallowances as Chairman, in addition to those ofa representative of his Government. He wasreferring, of course, to the Chairman of theInterim Commission, not to the Chairmen ofthe various internal committees which might beconstituted.

Dr. TOGBA called attention to the fact that theRules of Procedure did not stipulate that theChairman of the Commission should be deprivedof the right to vote. He suggested, therefore,that they be revised, to meet the decision takenin New York.

Dr. ROUTLEY stated that he was not in favourof changing the Rules of Procedure ; the pro-blem under discussion was that of the attitudewhich should be adopted with regard to the Pay-ment of expenses. The expenses of the Chair-man of the Commission should be borne by theCommission, and his Government should be repre-sented by a substitute Member. If, however, aGovernment should send a substitute in theplace of a regular representative, he wonderedwho would pay the expenses of that substitute.

On that point, the CHAIRMAN said that he didnot foresee any difficulty : the note referred to" each representative on the Commission ", andit would therefore be normal that a substitutedelegated in place of the regular Member shouldbe treated in the same manner as the Memberhimself.

The EXECUTIVE SECRETARY suggested that,in paragraph 5, the word " internal " should beomitted, as it was obvious that Members of theinternal committees were members of the Com-mission.

With respect to the " expenses of all otherpersons attending meetings ", Dr. CAVAILLONstated that he thought it would be reasonablefor each representative to have the right to beaccompanied by an assistant, who would act ashis deputy and whose expenses should be borneby the Interim Commission. No one State shouldbe penalized financially because it had beenelected to send a representative tq the InterimCommission, since the Commission representedall States signatory to the Arrangement.

The CHAIRMAN said that, while appreciatingDr. Cavaillon's arguments, he was afraid thatthe United Nations would not be willing toaccept the responsibility of paying for substitutemembers ; and the EXECUTIVE SECRETARYadded that, in view of the attitude adopted bythe Economic and Social Council, which hadalready submitted recommendations to theGeneral Assembly, it seemed unlikely that theInterim Commission could depart from the linetaken by the other specialized agencies of theUnited Nations. If a Member of the Commission

COM-MITTEE ON ADMINISTRATION ee FINANCE - SECOND MEETING

had to return to his country before the end ofa session, the daily allowances but not thetravelling expenses of his deputy would be paidby the Organization.

In reply to a point made by Dr. ROUTLEY,who said that he thought that fiscal immunity,especially with regard to income tax, shouldapply to the payments made to representatives,the EXECUTIVE SECRETARY stated that a pro-vision of this kind had been incorporated in theproposed Draft Agreements with Switzerlandand with France.

Dr. ROUTLEY added that, in his opinion, equalpriviliges of fiscal exemption should be obtainedfrom all Governments.

The CHAIRMAN then suggested that the Se-cretariat be instructed to discuss this problemwith the United Nations authorities ; and theDrafting Committee was asked to conciliate the

points of view expressed and to draw up the textof a note concerning the daily allowances grantedby other specialized agencies of the UnitedNations.

6. Adoption of Report.

The Report of the Committee on Administra-tion and Finance (document WHO.IC/AF/i)was then adopted by the Committee.

Before adjourning the meeting, the CHAIR-MAN welcomed Mr. Brain (United KingdomFinancial Adviser). He said that the Committeewould be glad to have the advantage of hisexpert knowledge and suggested that he shouldassist the Rapporteur.

Mr. BRAIN thanked the Chairman and accept-ed the assignment.

The meeting rose at 5.15

Annex 2.

SECOND MEETING

Held on Thursday, 7 November 1946, at 2.30 Palais des Nations, Geneva.


1. Financial Situation.

The meeting opened with the discussion ofdocument WHOJC/W.2o, Annex 30, a note bythe Secretariat on the financial situation ; andthe CHAIRMAN observed that, unlike most Go-vernment budgets, the 1946 Budget of theInterim Commission contained estimated re-ceipts, $300,000, which were greater than theestimated expenditures, $220,59 .38.

Thé EXECUTIVE SECRETARY explained thatthis was mainly due to the prudent policy pur-sued in the appointment of staff, and also inpart to the fact that office equipment could notbe purchased until the question of the seat of theInterim Commission Secretariat had been de-termined. Moreover, the Organization had beenresponsible for the salaries of officials transferredfrom the League of Nations only as from 15October 1946. Expenditures in the future wouldbe much heavier, for as soon as the Commissionhad determined this question of the seat, itwould be necessary to increase the staff and topurchase books and materials.

In reply to a question from Dr. SZE, theDEPUTY EXECUTIVE SECRETARY said that hewas glad to inform the Committee that thefunds which the United Nations was granting tothe Interim Commission were arriving regularly,and that a sum of 270,000 Swiss francs had justbeen transferred to Geneva at the official rate ofexchange.

The EXECUTIVE SECRETARY stated furthersthat, the necessary funds being available, itwould be possible to pay the travelling expenses

and daily allowances of members in dollars, inSwiss francs, or even in the two currencies, ifthe Commission decided to make these pay-ments.

The CHAIRMAN then welcomed Dr. Krotkov,who had just arrived.

Dr. SZE asked whether the funds placed at thedisposal of the WHO by the United Nationswhich had not been expended by the end of 1946would have to be returned. It appeared to himthat it would be normal to carry over the balanceto the financial year 1947, inasmuch as anyactivities which the Commission had not yetfound it possible to undertake would have to beadded to those of 1947.

Dr. HYDE pointed out that the sum of$300,000 had not yet been voted by the Assem-bly of the United Nations ; and the EXECUTIVESECRETARY added that this figure had been pro-visionally fixed by the Secretary-General, on thebasis of the provisional Interim Commissionbudget for 1946. It was only for expenditureswhich ought to have been incurred in 1946 butwhich were postponed until 1947 that a transferof funds to the 1947 accounts could be morallyj ustified.

The Committee then proceeded to discuss thedocument in detail.

With regard to Annex B, Item III (StaffSalaries and Allowances), in which a sum of$1 o,000 was provided for the Office Internationald'Hygihne Publigue, the EXECUTIVE SECRETARYstated that, as the budget had been preparedbefore the last meeting of the Office, it was nowpossible that the transfer of the activities of that

SECOND MEETING - 42 - COMMITTEE ON ADMINISTRATION et FINANCE

organization would involve some additionalexpenditure for the Commission.

In connection with Item I of Annex B, Dr.TOGBA asked what the heading Meetings andField Surveys included ; and the EXECUTIVESECRETARY said that it included money to beused by the committee responsible for carryingout Inquiries in devastated territories. Theappointment of this Committee had been decidedon at the first session of the Interim Commis-sion, and if it were confirmed, the Committeewould have to allot more than $1o,000 to itby December.

In reply to a question from Dr. ROUTLEY, theEXECUTIVE SECRETARY stated that he did notthink that the United Nations would have theright to examine the budget of the InterimCommission. It would have to be informed,however, as to the amounts which the Commis-sion would need in 1946 and 1947.

Dr. ROUTLEY thought that it should beexplained to the United Nations why all of themoney requested for 1946 had not been used.Otherwise, it might be assumed that the amountreqnested had been intentionally over-estimated,and the United Nations would be inclined toreduce any amount applied for in the future.Moreover, in his opinion, it was not desirableto ask that sums voted for the financial year1946 should be transferred to 1947.

The EXECUTIVE SECRETARY agreed.

Dr. KROTKOV thought that, -before dealingwith the question of budget expenditure, theCommission should know the exact source of thefunds to be employed. He had been instructedby his Government to make enquiries as to thefinancial responsibilities which would be imposedupon it as a Member of the WHO, and heconsidered this question of great importance.

The EXECUTIVE SECRETARY replied that, whenthe budget had been drawn up, the Secretary-General of the United Nations had undertakento place the necessary sums of money at thedisposal of the Interim Commission. These camefrom the United Nations " Fund for ExceptionalExpenditures ". It was not yet possible, how-ever, to know whether this money was to beregarded as a loan or as a gift. The GeneralAssembly, which was now sitting, was to decideon this question, and it would be only afterthis decision became known that Governmentscould obtain definite information as to theirobligations.

If the sums allotted by the United Nationswere not repayable, they would be included inthe contributions of the fifty-one Members ofthe United Nations. Otherwise, they would bedirectly chargeable to the nations ratifying theConstitution of the WHO. The final decisionwas in the hands of the United Nations. For1947, it had made provision' in its budget for agrant of $1,000,000 to the Interim Commissionand the WHO. Whether that amount, also,would be a gift or a loan would no doubt bedecided very shortly by the General Assembly.

The Interim Commission could not have anindependent budget at the moment because, asthe Chairman had pointed out, it was not possi-ble to demand contributions from States whichhad not yet ratified the Constitution. It wasobvious that the exact amount of each State'sobligations would naturally depend upon thenumber of ratifications. The Secretary-General,however, had prepared a scale of proportionalcontributions based on the new scale to beapplied to the United Nations budget.

2. Appointment of Staff.

The next item for consideration was that ofthe appointment of Stafl, point IX of docu-ment WHO.IC/W.I6, Annex 12.

The EXECUTIVE SECRETARY confirmed theinformation- contained in this document-namely, that the staff of the Interim Commis-sion consisted of nineteen officials. He pointedout that, if the health activities of UNRRA weretaken over, a much larger staff would have to beengaged.

In reply to a question by Dr. CAVAILLON asto the geographical distribution represented inthe staff of UNRRA, he stated further that, asthe WHO was only taking over one-third of thehealth activities of UNRRA, it would notengage all of the health staff, but would be ableto make a careful selection. However, it wasimpossible to say what the geographical dis-tribution of this staff might be, as UNRRA wasnot yet in a position to provide definite lists.

Dr GOODMAN further explained that thepresent staff was composed of officials fromtwenty-eight different countries. The personnelwhich would be transferred would be highlyexperienced and of various nationalities.

3. Staff Regulations.

Dr. SZE then referred to the question of staffregulations for the Secretariat of the InterimCommission and the WHO-a question whichhe regarded as urgent. Although it was impos-sible to have a definitive text of such regulationsuntil the United Nations had drawn up its own,he suggested that the Secretariat should submita provisional draft.

The EXECUTIVE SECRETARY stated in replythat the Interim Commission was temporarilyoperating under the provisional regulations ofthe United Nations. The question, however,was on the point of being examined by a specialcommittee, set up to harmonize the regulationsof the various specialized agencies. He observedthat the Committee might pass a resolution infavour of adopting the provisional staff regul-ations of the United Nations.

The CHAIRMAN asked the Drafting Committeeto draw up such a text.

4. Authorization for Staff Appointments.

With reference to Annex 5 of the Minutes ofthe First Session of the Interim Commission,'Dr. HYDH drew attention to paragraph (d),

I See Official Records of the World HealthOrganization, No. 3, page 31.

COMMITTEE ON ADMINISTRATION & FINANCE - 43 - THIRD MEETING

where it was stipulated that the appointment ofofficials whose salary amounted to or exceeded$5,000 per annum had to be approved in advanceby the Committee on Administration andFinance. He was in favour of abolishing thisrestriction so that the Executive Secretarywould have full freedom in appointing a staffwhich in his opinion was the best qualified.

Dr. SZE supported the proposal.

Drs. ROUTLEY and CAVAILLON stated thatthey could not agree, Dr. Cavaillon requestingthat his point of view be regarded not as indicat-ing any lack of confidence in the choices whichthe Executive Secretary might make but as up-holding a matter of principle. It was importantthat the Executive Secretary should remain inconstant contact with the Committee.

In the ensuing discussion, a further suggestionwas made-i.e., that, in order to accelerateprocedure, the Executive Secretary, in makingsuch appointments, might consult only with the

Chairman of the Interim Commission or theChairman of the Committee on Administrationand Finance.

Dr. CAVAILLON, once more assuring theExecutive Secretary that his remarks were in noway directed against ,him personally, repeatedthat it was a matter of principle with respect towhich he remained inflexible ; the whole ques-tion of the relations between the Chairman of theCommission and the Executive Secretary wasinvolved. He maintained his view that, whenquestions of importance arose in the intervalsbetween sessions, the Executive Secretary orthe Director-General should regard it as thenormal procedure to be in constant touch withthe Chairman of the Commission or the Chair-man of the Committee.

Dr. MANI agreed with Dr. Cavaillon, and theCHAIRMAN ruled that a decision on this mattershould be postponed.


Annex 3.

THIRD MEETING

Held on Saturday, 9 November 1946, at 3 Palais des Nations, Geneva.

Chairman: Dr. C. VAN DEN BERG (Netherlands).

1. Financial Regulations.

The CHAIRMAN opened the discussion on theDraft Financial Regulations revised by theDrafting Sub-Committee (document WHO.IC/AF/W.2, Annex 291)) and presented by theRapporteur, Dr. Sze.

Mr. VALLAT observed that the application ofparagraphs B, C and E of Regulation I might berendered difficult by the provisions of paragraphD ; it would therefore be wise for the Committeeon Administration and Finance to draw up itsown rules of procedure. For that purpose asupplementary rule (27bis) would have to beincluded in the Rules of Procedure of the InterimCommission.

As for paragraph F, on the Employment of oneor more Financial Experts, he suggested that thematter be left in the hands of the ExecutiveSecretary.

A new wording of this regulation was thereforedecided upon.

Regulation III (Budget). - Mr. Vallat urgedthat the expenditure estimates should be ap-proved by the Commission, not by the Com-mittee (paragraph C), and thought that, inparagraph D, reference should be made to thefact that, before adopting the estimates, theCommission might amend them. The expendi-ture budget for the present financial year wouldbe drawn up in this way.

In Regulation IV (Expenditure -61 Funds),paragraph A should read " The approval of an

expenditure budget by the Commission " (andnot " the adoption . . . by the Committee").

The CHAIRMAN thanked Mr. Vallat andobserved that the latter had suggested two sortsof amendments : one involving an addition tothe Rules of Procedure of the Interim Commis-sion1 and the other introducing financial changes.He did not think that the second question wouldgive rise to any difficulty. The amendment tothe Rules of Procedure, on the other haed,would have to form the subject of a recommend-ation to the Commission.

Dr. SZE confirmed that after a thoroughexamination of the question, the DraftingCommittee had come to the conclusion that theInterim Commission should be asked to add toits Rules of Procedure a in-ovision enabling com-mittees to draw up their own rules. It wouldalso be necessary to draft certain rules differentlyfor the Committee, to distinguish between thefinancial regulations and the rules of procedureto be drawn up.

The new rule, 27bis, would therefore providethat each committee should adopt its own rulesof procedure, based so far as practicable upon theRules of Procedure of the Cdmmission. Untilthe Committee was able to draw up its ownrules, it would follow those of the Interim Com-mission as closely as possible.

I See Annex 2 of " Minutes of the First Sessionof the Interim Commission ", Official Recordsof the World Health Organization, No. 3, page 26.

THIRD MEETING - 44 - COMMITTEE ON ADMINISTRATION ee FINANCE

This proposal was adopted (see documentWHO.IC/AF/W.5, Annex 27).

The CHAIRMAN suggested that the FinancialRegulations should now be examined individual-ly.

Regulation I.-- He proposed that paragraphsB, C, D, and E should be deleted and the regula-tion in paragraph F redrafted, as suggested byMr. Val lat. These suggestions were adopted.

Regulation II (Currency).- In accordance withthe suggestion made by Dr. KAUNTZE, the taskof determining the currency in which the budgetand the accounts were to be drawn up wouldbe entrusted to the Commission. The DraftingCommittee had agreed to this arrangement.

Regulation III (Budget). - For paragraph A,it was proposed that when drawing up theexpenditure estimates for each of the internal'committees, the Executive Secretary shouldconsult the Chairman of the committee con-cerned. This suggestion was finally adopted.It was felt that it would prevent any subsequentdispute as to the credits which had actuallybeen allotted. For paragraph B, a draftingamendment was adopted ; and in paragraphsC and D, the question of whether the budgetshould be voted by the Interim Commission,rather than by the Committee, was again raisedby Dr. SZE. Dr. LECLAINCHE said that hethought that it was for the Interim Commissionto take this important decision. This view wasaccepted.

Regulation IV (Expenditure of Funds). - Itwas agreed in principle to amend paragraph A ;and after some discussion on paragraph B, itwas decided to leave to the Executive Secretarythe responsibility of transferring credits from oneitem to another in the same chapter of the bud-get. Paragraphs B, C and D were thereforeadopted without modification.

In Regulation V (Acceptance of Funds),paragraph A was adopted, as was paragraph B,subject to the deletion of the words " In connec-tión with such action " in the eighth line and theaddition of " or accepted " at the end of thesentence.

Regulations VI, VII and VIII were adoptedwithout modification.

Before the examination of Regulation IX,Dr. KAUNTZE suggested adding a regulationwhich would provide ior the drawing up of asupplementary budget to cover the needs of anynew technical committee for which no specialfinancial allocation had been made.

It was decided that the Drafting Committeeshould be authorized to include such provision asit considered necessary on this subject.

With regard to Regulation IX (Entry intoforce). - Dr. ROUTLEY asked why 4 Novemberhad been fixed as the date when the Regulationswould come into force, as it seemed to him that12 November (the date for the closing of the

session) would be more suitable. The Committeedecided, however, to retain the earlier date, sincethe regulations , would be needed during thesecond session.

2. Authorization for Staff Appointments.

Discussion on relating the restriction limitingthe Executive Secretary in his appointmentof staff was then continued (see pages 43-44).

The CHAIRMAN proposed that the appoint-ment of officials whose salary amounted to orexceeded $8,000 per annum should be approvedby the Chairman of the Interim Commission or,if that were not possible, in the event of urgency,by the Chairman of the Committee on Adminis-tration and Finance (or, in his absence, by twomembers of that Committee).

After an exchange of views, the Committeedecided accordingly.

3. Expenses of Members.

The Committee unanimously adopted aresolution (document WHO.IC/AF/W.3, Annex28b), concerning the reimbursement of membersof the Interim Commission for their travellingand subsistence expenses in connection with themeetings of the Commission and of its commit-tees.

4. Staff Regulations.

The Provisional Staff Regulations drawn upby the Secretariat (document WHOJC/AF/W.4,Annex 14) were approved without modification.

5. Duties of the Committee.

Dr. SZE said that he thought that the dutiesof the Committee should be clearly defined, andthe members of the Committee expressed them-selves as being in agreement with this proposal.

6. Agenda for Third Session.

Dr. HYDE suggested asking the Commissionto take into account, when drawing up theagenda of the third session, Rules 31, 32 and 34in the section " Budget and Finance " of theRules of Procedurel. He further believed thata means should be found for preventing loss inthe exchange of the French francs which wouldbe transferred to the Organization, along withthe Office International d'Hygiène Publique.

7. Meetings of Third Session.

Dr. ROUTLEY proposed that meetings of theCommittee should take place a day or two beforethe opening of the third session of the InterimCommission, and the CHAIRMAN agreed. Hethen thanked the Drafting Committee for itsservices.


I See Annex 2, " Minutes of the First Session ofthe Interim Commission ", Official Records of theWorld Health Organization, No. 3, pages 26-29.

COMMITTEE ON ADMINISTRATION ee FINANCE -- 45 -- FOURTH MEETING

Annex 4.

FOURTH MEETING

Held on Tuesday, 12 November 1946, at 9.30 a.m., Palais des Nations, Geneva.

Chairman: Dr. C. VAN DEN BERG (Netherlands).

1. Transfer of the Health Functions of UNRRA(document WHO.IC/W. r3, Annex 22a).

The EXECUTIVE SECRETARY reviewed thefinancial situation arising from the transfer ofthe health functions of UNRRA.

Dr. SZE said that the question before theCommittee was how the budget could be item-ized, now that it had to be reduced from the$2,000,000 originally contemplated to the$1,500,000 allocated by the Commission.

Dr. GOODMAN proposed that for this purposeeach of the items of the original budget appearingin Annex 3 of the document should be reducedby thirty per cent.

Referring to item 5, " Missions of Experts tocountries with special needs ", Dr. HYDE pointedout that the budget had been drawn up on theunderstanding that the WHO would take overthe UNRRA work for 1947. Since the servicesin China would not be taken over until April1947, item 5 could be reduced by as much as thatwork represented for the first quarter of 1947,and this sum could be put in a contingency fund.

Dr. GOODMAN recalled that the InterimCommission had agreed to continue to a limitedextent the projects which had been envisaged ;moreover, the views of Governments and alsostaff contracts would have to be considered. Hetherefore wondered whether the various itemscould not be maintained (with the thirty percent reduction) and the budget revised everythree months.

Dr. HYDE considered that the item " Fellow-ships and Teaching ", for which there weredefinite commitments, should be left at $200,000.In his opinion, a sum of $500,000 should be" frozen "-i.e., not budgeted.

Dr. SZE was not in favour of changing theproportions for the various items, nor of settingup a large contingency fund. He preferred Dr.Goodman's solution, and pointed out that theFinancial Regulations would provide for therevision of the budget from time to time.

The EXECUTIVE SECRETARY said that thework must be carried on in such a way that, atthe third session of the Interim Commission,the Committee would be in a position to makeextensive changes if necessary. He agreed withDr. Sze that it was not advisable to touch the

proportions ; this would probably be necessary,however, in four months' time. Administrativeexpenses could not be reduced in the sameproportion as operational expenses.

Dr. KAUNTZE having asked about the commit-ments involved in the taking over of the variousactivities, Dr. GOODMAN explained that therewould be no immediate commitments for fellow-ships. For Ethiopia, where the sum allocatedwas in any case very small and where the Com-mission could only scratch the surface of thehealth problems, it would be impossible to saybefore the end of the year.

Dr. HYDE thought that the Committeepossessed such incomplete information that itcould not very well allocate definite sums.Many difficulties might arise if one tried toreduce the amounts of particular items or totransfer sums from one item to another, parti-cularly as some of these items-e.g., the Ethio-pian programme, tuberculosis and malariawork-really represented work in one countryalone. It was for that reason that he had sug-gested freezing. a large part of the budget, say$500,000, until the Executive Secretary hadadequate knowledge of the needs of Governmentsand was able to make specific proposals. Mean-while, sufficient funds should be placed at theExecutive Secretary's disposal to enable himto carry on until his studies were completed.He proposed that an itemized budget should bedrawn up and approved by a small committee.

Dr. KAUNTZE said that he had understoodfrom the agreement with UNRRA' that theWHO would not undertake any additional workand therefore questioned the advisability ofenvisaging a new programme of fellowships.

Dr. GOODMAN stated that this agreementprovided for the continuation of fellowshipactivities in general and that, in his opinion, theprimary needs were the granting of fellowships,the interchange of students and the circulationof medical literature.

In reply to Dr. Kauntze, Dr. HYDE said thathe thought there was no intention on the part ofUNRRA to dictate the way in which the moneywas to be used. The agreement was fluid, anddiscretion was left to the Commission.

1 See Appendix 7 of WHO.IC/W.I3, Annex22a.

FIFTH MEETING - 46 - COMMITTEE ON ADMINISTRATION eC PINANCE

Dr. SZE considered that, with so many factorsinvolved, the Commission could accept thethirty per cent proportionate reduction ; andthe CHAIRMAN, summarizing the debate, statedthat he also favoured Dr. Goodman's proposal :i.e., that of maintaining the various items withthe reduction and of revising the budget everythree months. This was again supported byDr. SZE.

Dr. HYDE suggested that the Secretariatprepare an itemized budget ; by January itshould be approved by an international body.He proposed that a special small sub-committeeof about three members should be appointed togive this approval. In proposing the " freezing "of $500,000, he had not intended that this sumshould represent a " contingency fund " in thesense implied in the Financial Regulations, butthat it should simply be left completely un-budgeted for the time.

The CHAIRMAN agreed that such a small sub-committee should be appointed.

Dr. KAUNTZE was of the opinion that theproposed sub-committee could not be givenauthority to make commitments for the Com-mission. If this were understood, he wouldhave no objection to setting it up.

Dr. SZE said that there was a possibility ofprovisional approval being given under theFinancial Regulations 1 and Mr. VALLAT pointedout that, in the Arrangement, there was aspecific clause stating that the Interim Com-mission was ultimately responsible for budgetestimates 2 He thought that the difficulty mightbe surmounted if Regulation V of the FinancialRegulations were amended, so as to make itclear that the sub-committee's action would be .subject to review and approval by the Com-mission.

It was finally agreed that -the Financial

1 Annex 29C.2 See item 9 of " Arrangement setting up

the Interim Commission of the World HealthOrganization ", Final Acts of the InternationalHealth Conference, page 39 (United Nationsdocument E/r 55).

Regulations should be amended in this sense anda sub-committee set up as proposed.

The CHAIRMAN then named a sub-committeeconsisting of the representative of a donatingcountry, the United States of America, of a receiv-ing country, China, and of one other, Canada.

In reply to a question from Dr. Hyde, theEXECUTIVE SECRETARY explained that thebudget which he would prepare would includethe total amount estimated for 1947 and also,in the case of China, for the first three monthsof 1948.

Dr. KAUNTZE asked whether it would not bebetter to establish a budget for four months-one month for China.

It was decided, however, that a budget forthe whole of 1947 should be drawn up on thebasis of Dr. Goodman's proposal, with thereservation as to administrative expenses whichhad been suggested by the Executive Secretary ;and the Drafting Committee was asked toinclude in the report a recommendation forthe appointment of the special committee (seeWHO.IC/AF/4, Annex 31c).

2. Further Meetings.

Dr. Km.rwrzE, inquiring as to the state of thegeneral budget of the Commission, pointed outthat many proposals had been made for theappointment of committees for which additionalexpenditure would be involved. He consideredalso that the Financial Regulations should besubmitted to expert examination and that itwould be desirable to make a special contingencyprovision in the budget to provide for possibleemergency measures, in the event of, for exam-ple, a serious outbreak of infectious disease.He thought, therefore, that the Committeeshould be re-convened before the final meetingof the Commission.

It was agreed that the Committee should meeton Wednesday, 13 November, when furtheroutstanding questions could be discussed and itcould be decided whether still another meetingwould be necessary.


Annex 5.

FIFTH MEETING

Held pn Wednesdgy, 13 November 1946, at 2.3o p.m., Palais des Nations, Geneva.


The CHAIRMAN opened the meeting by callingupon Dr. Sze.

Dr. SZE first reminded members that the Com-mittee on Epidemiology and Quarantine hadset up the following four Expert Committees :

(a) Standing Committee on Quarantine ;(b) Sub-Committee on Yellow Fever ;(c) Sub-Committee on the Revision of Pil-

grimage Clauses of the InternationalSanitary Conventions ;

(d) Committee on Malaria.

There was already some provision in thebudget (document WHO.IC/AF/I, Annex 31a)for the Committee on Quarantine, and thisprovision might perhaps be reviewed in thelight of the discussion which had just takenplace in the plenary meeting. For the otherthree committees, supplementary budgetingwould be required.

1. Standing Committee on Quarantine.The CHAIRMAN asked the Executive Secretary

for his opinion on the changes which should be

COMMITTEE ON ADMINISTRATION ét FINANCE - 47 - FIFTH MEETING

made in the budget with regard to the Corn-mittee on Quarantine.

The EXECUTIVE SECRETARY stated that a sumof $30,000 had been allotted to this Committeeand to sub-committees which it might set up.Moreover, item 9 of Chapter I provided for$18,000 to finance " other committees ofexperts ". There was nothing to prevent thissum being re-allocated in any way the Committeeon Administration and Finance thought fit.

Dr. SZE suggested considering item 4 ofChapter I, " Revised Budget Estimates ", whichprovided for the sum of $8,000 to be used forthree meetings of a Quarantine Sub-Committeeof five experts. This allocation must now bechánged, since it had been decided that theCommittee should be composed of nine expertsand hold two meetings. What figure shouldreplace this $8,000 ?

The DEPUTY EXECUTIVE SECRETARY thoughtthat a very rough estimate of $12,000 could bemade for two meetings of experts, and theEXECUTIVE SECRETARY observed that thiswould mean taking $4,000 away from item 9.

The task before the Committee, Dr. KAUNTZEinterposed, was, as he understood it, to try toprovide a sufficient amount of money for theeffective functioning of the Quarantine Com-mittee until the third session of the InterimCommission, when the Secretariat would havereceived precise information from that Com-mittee as to the work to be done and the meet-ings to be held and would have prepared adetailed budget on that basis. Meanwhile, if alump sum could be allocated, that would per-haps suffice.

The CHAIRMAN agreed that a revised detailedbudget should be presented at the thirdsession, but thought nevertheless that thebudget should be immediately revised as faras possible, in the light of the facts known bythe Committee.

Dr. KAUNTZE said that this would be verydifficult. The Committee had no idea of thework that the Malaria Committee, for instance,was to do, nor of how many times it intended tomeet. For that particular Committee, especially,he thought that the most that could be donewas to provide for it to hold a meeting beforethe third session.

The CHAIRMAN recalled that his suggestion hadbeen to revise the budget " as far as possiblewith the Quarantine Committee, at least, itshould be possible to proceed.

It was pointed out by Dr. KAUNTZE that theQuarantine Committee might wish to hold moremeetings than had been foreseen. The QuarantineCommittee of UNRRA, which had been sche-duled to meet twice a year, had on one occasionbeen obliged to call an extra meeting.

Dr. SZE agreed that the Committee wouldperhaps achieve the best result if it attemptedto assign a lump sum to each Committee. Therewas already a tentative figure of $12,000 forthe Committee on Quarantine (Chapter I, item4), and he suggested that similar figures beagreed upon for the other three Committees.

It was agreed to allocate the sum of $12,000to the Committee on Quarantine.

2. Sub-Committee on Yellow Fever.

Dr. SZE explained that this was a Committeemade up of seven experts, and that it was tohold two meetings.

Dr. KAUNTZE considered that here again thesum should be increased. He noted that therewere two new laboratories preparing yellow-fever vaccine ; it might be desirable to sendan expert to check their methods of prepara-tion, in order that the Sub-Committee mightknow whether the vaccine should be recognized.

Dr. SZE suggested a figure of $1 o,000 for thisSub-Committee, and his proposal was adopted.

3. Sub-Committee on Revision of Pilgrimage Clauses.

It was announced that one meeting wasplanned for the Sub-Committee on Revision ofthe Pilgrimage Clauses of the InternationalSanitary Convention, to, be composed of sixexperts.

The CHAIRMAN stated that this Sub-Commit-tee was sure to be an expensive one, because itwould have to visit the pilgrimages themselves.

Dr. KAUNTZE agreed. It would be necessaryto provide for more than one meeting, in hisopinion : there would have to be (r) a prelimin-ary meeting, (2) an inspection of the pilgrim-ages, and (3) another meeting lasting a fortnightor three weeks for the drafting of the newconvention. Legal experts as well as the actualmembers of the Sub-Committee would un-doubtedly have to attend the last meeting. Hewas therefore doubtful whether even £3,000($12,000) would suffice.

The DEPUTY EXECUTIVE SECRETARY wassurprised at Dr. Kauntze's estimate. It wastrue that there would be the actual travellingexpenses, but an expert committee of only sixmembers usually worked very fast.

Dr. KAUNTZE recalled the amount of timetaken in the drafting of the revised clauses of the1944 Sanitary Conventions, even though theConventions had already existed. He em-phasized that the task of the Committee onAdministration and Finance was to providethese Expert Committees with a sufficient sumto last until the Interim Commission could meetagain.

It was suggested by Dr. HYDE that perhapsthe whole Sub-Committee might not need tovisit the pilgrimages ; one person might go andreport back to the others.

Dr. KAUNTZE stated that, far from wishingto lay down methods of work for the PilgrimageSub-Committee, he considered that it should be

FIIFTH MEETING - 48 - COMMITTEE ON ADMINISTRATION 8C FINANCE

given a free hand. The Committee on Adminis-tration and Finance should allot the largestpossible figure and instruct the members notto spend more than could be helped. Personally,he agreed with Dr. Hyde ; but if all the membersof the Sub-Committee desired to visit thepilgrimages, it would be difficult to refuse them.

Attention was drawn by the EXECUTIVESECRETARY to the limitation of $30,000 whichhad been set aside for Committees in item 4 ofChapter I.

Dr. KAUNTZE then said that he assumed thatthe budget would he carefully examined again,after this particular question had been dealtwith, especially since the Financial Regulationsprovided for the transfer of sums from one itemto another. He had noticed that in Chapter I,item 3, there was a sum of $140,000 allocated forthe First World Health Assembly, and thoughtthat it would be very unfortunate if that sumof money, for example, were shifted to anotheritem and no funds were available for the Assem-bly when it met. Certain other items, however,might not require so much expenditure as wasoriginally budgeted for.

Dr. SZE suggested allocating $10,000 to thisSub-Committee ; and Dr. KATJNTZE remarkedthat, although he hoped that even less moneymight actually be required, there was no use insetting up a Pilgrimage Sub-Committee unlessthe Committee was prepared to meet its ex-penses and have the work done efficiently.

The CHAIRMAN agreed, but on the other handwarned that, if it were found necessary to budgeta very large sum, the meeting of this Sub-Committee might have to be postponed.

Dr. KAUNTZE suggested first agreeing onprovisional figures and then re-examining thepossibilities in the budget, and this suggestionwas adopted.

It was decided that a sum of $12,00o should beassigned to the Sub-Committee on Revision ofthe Pilgrimage Clauses.

4. Committee on Malaria.

For the Committee on Malaria, five expertsand two meetings were envisaged.

Dr. SZE explained that half the expenses forthis Committee would come from the moneytransferred from UNRRA and half from theInterim Commission budget.

It was estimated by the DEPUTY EXECUTIVESECRETARY that $4,000 would roughly covera one-week meeting of five experts. This sumcould be drawn from the general budget, andfor the second meeting an equal sum could beallocated from the UNRRA fund. This wasagreed to by the Committee.

5. Venereal Diseases.

Dr. SZE recalled that there had been a deci-sion to appoint some experts in the field ofvenereal diseases, and asked if any provisionhad been made for such appointments.

The DEPUTY EXECUTIVE SECRETARY statedthat, in Chapter III, item 5 provided for fivetechnical experts in the Research Division.

6. Financing of Committees.

The problem now before the Committee,announced the CHAIRMAN, was that of financingthe four Expert Committees. Since the sumallocated to the first three was roughly equi-valent to the $30,000 provided for in item 4 ofChapter I, it only remained to increase thisfigure to $34,000 for the three Committees andto find an additional $4,000 for the Committeeon Malaria. This would add up to a sum of$38,000 for these Committees.

He suggested that $8,000 be transferred fromitem 9--" Other Committees of Experts ".

Dr. SZE observed that an even larger sumwould have to be found, because the $12,000 ofitem 4, which was included in the $30,000allocated in Chapter I, could not be touched.

It was, furthermore, pointed out by theEXECUTIVE SECRETARY that, under ChapterVII, the $93,670 which provided for Contingen-cies could contribute nothing, because thisitem would have to be heavily cut into for theexpenses of the headquarters in New York.

Dr. KAUNTZE said that there was, then, asum of $18,000 available in item 4, Chapter I ;another $18,000 could be taken from item 9 ;and this would amount to $36,000. He wasinformed by the Secretariat, however, that$6,000 was to be allocated to the NuclearCommittee on Biological Standardization, andhe thought that its expenses should be addedto those of the other four committees.

The EXECUTIVE SECRETARY then drew at-tention to the unexpended allocation in the1946 estimates for item 7, Chapter I, ExpertCommittee on Health Problems in DevastatedAreas. He suggested that this sum, $12,000,should be borrowed from the 1946 budget andused in 1947.

Dr. MANI questioned whether in. that casethe Committee might not be doing somethingcontrary to the decision of the Commission.

Dr. SZE pointed out, however that the InterimCommission had decided to request that, whenactivities budgeted for 1946 were, in fact, tobe carried out in 1947, the amounts allocated forthem should be borrowed from the 1946 budget.

The EXECUTIVE SECRETARY verified that thisprinciple had been agreed to by the Commission.

Dr. KAUNTZE inquired whether the entire sumof $32,000 budgeted in item 5, Chapter I, wouldbe required. It was for two meetings of theExpert Committee on International Lists ofCauses of Death and Morbidity.

The DEPUTY EXECUTIVE SECRETARY ex-plained that the estimates for this Committeehad not recently been revised, but that twomeetings had been budgeted for, one in Ottawaand one in Washington. This would- mean thatseveral members would have to make trans-atlantic flights-a costly procedure.

COMMITTEE ON ADMINISTRATION & FINANCE - 49 - FIFTH MEETING

Dr. KAUNTZE then suggested that, if $38,000could be found for the four Committees, thefigures decided upon could be revised to conformto this sum. One could, for instance, take :

$1,000 from the sum proposed for the Com-mittee on Quarantine ;

$1,000 from the sum for the Sub-Committeeon Yellow Fever ; and

$2,000 from the sum for the Committee onRevision of Pilgrimage Clauses.

Obviously, there could be no more committeesset up by the Interim Commission at this session,and the Commission should be advised that, sofar as committees were concerned, the moneyhad all been allocated.

The DEPUTY EXECUTIVE SECRETARY inter-posed that on second thought he believed that avery definite saving might be effected in item 5," Expert Committee on International Lists ofCauses of Death and Morbidity ". It would belikely that this Committee, as envisaged, wouldcost roughly $20,000 instead of $32,000. Thistotal reduction could be effected without cuttingdown the specific sums allotted to the Sub-Committees on Morbidity and the Selection ofJoint Causes mentioned in this item.

In view of the Executive Secretary's sug-gestion that the Interim Commission might meetfor longer periods in order to enable committeesto be convened at the same time, Dr. KAUNTZEremarked that three of the provisions in item 2,Chapter I, " Travelling Expenses of the Com-mittee on Administration and Finance ", couldperhaps be eliminated.

The DEPUTY EXECUTIVE SECRETARY agreedthat this might be possible.

Dr. SZE stated that, after having re-examinedthe figures, he felt more optimistic. A savingcould be made with respect to the 1947 estimatesby taking $12,000 from item 4, Chapter I, and$8,000 for the three meetings of the QuarantineSub-Committee, provided that this figure wasreplaced by the new allocation decided on ;moreover, an additional sum of $12,000 could besaved on the new estimate for item 5 suggestedby the Deputy Executive Secretary. That wouldadd up to a saving of $32,000. Then, as Dr.Kauntze had pointed out, a sum of $18,000was provided for in item 9, and he thought itreasonable to expect that, out of the 1946 bud-get, at least $12,000 would be carried over fromthe allocation for devastated areas. He thereforesuggested notifying the Interim Commission thatthe necessary funds could be made available.

The EXECUTIVE SECRETARY asked theCommittee for authorization to approach theSecretary-General of the United Nations, to seewhether this last sum, which had not beenexpended, could be carried over to the budgetfor 1947. There might be legal and financialdifficulties, but he felt that this should bedone.

Dr. SZE suggested that the approach should bemade even stronger ; the Executive Secretaryshould explain that expenditures for six newcommittees, as well as additional expenses of theInterim Commission, could be met only ifthe balance from the 1946 budget were madeavailable.

This procedure was agreed to by the Commit-tee, Dr. MANI adding that it would be a mistaketo present a balanced budget of $1,000,000 forthe year 1947 : a deficit should be shown.

Dr. ROUTLEY stated that he believed that theCommittee was getting involved in detailsrather than discussing principles. The WHOshould have a priority over all the other spe-cialized agencies of the United Nations, sincepoliticians could not deny that the health of thepeople was the most importámt asset to theworld. He felt no concern about the budget ;the United Nations and its Member States wouldnever see the legitiniate work of the WHOcurtailed for want of a . few thousand dollars.In his opinion, the Committee should lay downa programme and get on with it ; if there werea deficit of $ioo,000, that would not bother himfor a moment.

7. Plans for Detailed Budget.

At this point, the CHAIRMAN stated that thereremained but one important decision to make :i.e., whether or not it would be necessary for theCommittee on Administration and Finance tohold another meeting after the close of theplenary session.

to the question of whether theUNRRA budget should not be considered atsuch a meeting, Dr. SZE recalled the proposalto set up A small financial sub-committee towork on this question with the Secretariat-aproposal, however, which had not yet beenaccepted by the Commission.

Furthermore, Dr. KAUNTZE added that theCommission should know exactly what its finan-cial position was as to estimates for 1947, so thatMember States would know where they stood.

The EXECUTIVE SECRETARY remarked that,with the many new decisions which had just beentaken by the Interim Commission, it wouldbe quite impossible to draw up within a few daysa budget which would give even a close approxi-mation to the facts. Within two months, say atthe beginning of January, 'he would attempt tohave a reasonably detailed budget placed beforethe Committee. For this purpose, it would alsobe necessary to work out the cost of the NewYork Headquarters Office.

Dr. ROIJTLEY asked whether Dr. Kauntze'spoint would be met if the sub-committee beingset up to deal with the UNRRA funds were tostudy the 1947 budget estimates as well.

Dr. KAUNTZE replied that in that case theCommittee on Administration and Financewould have to be strongly represented on thissub-committee, because it was the Committeewhich was really dealing with finances.

FIFTH MEETING - 50 - COMMITTEE ON ADMINISTRATION & FINANCE

Dr. STAMPAR thought, however, that the sub-committee on UNRRA funds could not very welldeal with the general budget, which only theInterim Commission was authorized to set up.He therefore believed that the best procedurewould be : (1) to authorize the Executive Se-cretary to use the money allocated by the UnitedNations on the real organization of the InterimCommission and (2) to appoint a small sub-coMmittee to discuss the new itemized budgetwith him. This budget would have to be pre-sented to the Interim Commission in March.There was no time to discuss specific items of thebudget, and, besides, the Committee had no factsbefore it. Commitments should not go beyond$1,000,000 ; if they did, Members would haveto present the case to their Governments, andonly the Governments could decide whether ornot the money would be contributed.

It was emphasized by the CHAIRMAN that, ifthe Committee was to keep within the limits of$1,000,000, it would be very important to havethe details of the budget as soon. as possible. Itwould be too long to wait until the next meetingof the Interim Commission : before March, moremoney might be spent than would afterwardsbe authorized.

Dr. KAUNTZE said that he thought everyoneagreed that the budget was obviously quite outof touch with the existing situation. He sug-gested asking the Executive Secretary to submita revised budget which would show an anticipatedincome and expenditure for 1947, in the lightof the decisions taken during the second session.If possible, this budget should be presented tothe Committee about the middle of February.

After some discussion, Dr. Kauntze's proposalwas adopted, and it was decided that no furthermeeting would be needed until the third session.The Secretariat would meanwhile prepare thebudget and send it out as soon as possible, sothat members would have time to study it.

8. Publications.

Dr. HYDE added that, if an appropriation forpublications was to be made in this budget, itwould he helpful if the Executive Secretarywould present a list of those publications whichwere to be proposed.

The CHAIRMAN then thanked members of theCommittee and the Secretariat for their co-operation.


COMMITTEE ON RELATIONS - FIRST MEETING

COMMITTEE ON RELATIONS

LIST OF MEMBERS


Dr. A. T. CHOUCHA Pacha, Egypt, Chairman.Dr. Karl EVANG, Norway, Vice-Chairman.Dr. G. H. DE PAULA SOUZA, Brazil, Vice-Chairman.Dr. Arnoldo GABALDÓN, Venezuela, Alternate.Dr. F. G. KROTKOV, Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (Absent first meeting.)Dr. M. MARTINEZ BAEZ, Mexico.Dr. Thomas PARRAN, United States of America.Dr. G. M. REDSHAW, Australia.Dr. W. A. TIMMERMAN, Netherlands, Alternate.

__The following attended as Observers :

Dr. Maurice GAUD, Office Isternational d'Hygiène Publique.Dr. A. Jean LUCAS, United Nations.Mr. G. E. YATES, United Nations.

The following members of the Secretariat were present :

Dr. Brock CHISHOLM, Executive Secretary.Dr. Yves M. BIRAUD, Deputy Executive Secretary.

Annex 6.

FIRST MEETING-

Held on Wednesday, 6 November 1946, at 10 a.m., Palais des Nations, Geneva.

Chairman : Dr. CHOUCHA Pacha (Egypt).

The meeting was called to order by theCHAIRMAN.

1. Election of Chairman.

Dr. TIMMERMAN raised a point of order inconnection with the Rules of Procedure of theInterim Commission, under which the Com-mittee on Relations had the right and duty ofelecting its own Chairman. He proposed, how-ever, that Dr. Choucha Pacha should continueto act in this capacity.

This suggestion was supported by Dr. PARRANand Dr. GABALDON ; the CHAIRMAN acceptedand agreed that this was the correct procedure.He then proposed the election of two Vice-Chairmen.

2. Election of Vice-Chairmen.

For these positions, the names of Dr. Evangand Dr. de Paula Souza were put forward by Dr.MARTINEZ BAEZ, supported by Drs. GABALD6Nand TIMMERMAN. They were unanimouslychosen by the Committee.

3. Election of Rapporteur.

The CHAIRMAN next proposed the nominationof a Rapporteur, Dr. PARRAN suggesting Dr.Evang for this office. This suggestion wasadopted, and it was agreed that Mr. Calderwoodand Mr. Vallat, Legal Advisers, should be re-quested to assist him.

4. Plan of Work.The CHAIRMAN informed the Committee that

its work was to discuss and report on the itemsof the agenda which had been assigned to it bythe Commission-i.e., items 3, 5, 6 and 7 (seedocument WHO.IC/W.25, Annex ilb). Heproposed starting with item 3.

5. Administrative Agreement with the UnitedNations.

The EXECUTIVE SECRETARY stated that hewished to correct an impression which he mighthave given in plenary session when he had saidthat two committees could not sit at the same

FIRST MEETING COMMITTEE ON RELATIONS

time owing to lack of interpreting staff 1 TheUnited Nations had supplied the personnelrequested, but simultaneous meetings of com-mittees were made difficult by the fact thatcertain delegations represented on two or morecommittees consisted of only one member. Forthat reason, arrangements for such meetings hadnot been made.

The CHAIRMAN thought that, if there were noobjections to the Administrative Agreementbetween the United Nations and the InterimCommission on co-operation during the secondsession of the Commission (document WHO.IC/W.17, Annex 13), the document could be agreedupon, with the understanding that points loand ii concerning the transfer of equipment,etc., would be discussed later.

6. Draft Master Agreement with the United Nations.

The Committee then passed to the consider-ation of the Draft Master Agreement between theUnited Nations and the WHO (document WHO.IC/W.18, Annex 23a). It was decided that theExecutive Secretary should read the Agreementarticle by article, and that discussion shouldtake place whenever desirable.

The DEPUTY EXECUTIVE SECRETARY calledattention to the fact that variations between theproposed draft agreement and the draft agree-ments with other specialized agencies had beennoted in the Appendix to the document. He sug-gested that it might be helpful to refer to thisAppendix after the discussion of each paragraph.

It was further agreed that the revision of thetext of the Agreement should be left to a Draft-ing Committee, which would then present a finaltext for approval.

Dr. MARTINEZ BAEZ considered that it wouldbe expedient to note the modifications suggestedfor each article, then to redraft the whole agree-inent, and only after that to consider the docu-ment as a whole.

This was agreed to by the Committee.

7. Examination of the Agreement.

Preamble.The Preamble was accepted without comment.

Article I.Dr. MARTINEZ BAEZ thought that it would be

wise to state here the objectives of the WHO andsuggested that the Article be amplified.

On the proposal of the DEPUTY EXECUTIVESECRETARY, the Article was amended to read asfollows :

" The United Nations recognizes the WorldHealth Organization as a specialized agencyresponsible for taking such action as may beappropriate under its basic instrument forthe accomplishment of the objective set forththerein : the attainment by all peoples ofthe highest possible level of health ".Article I was accepted with the above modi-

fication.Article II : Reciprocal Representation.

In paragraph 1, concerning the representationof the United Nations in meetings of the WHO,

1 See page 12.

lengthy discussion took place as to whether toretain the 'sentence in brackets " the agenda ofwhich includes items in which the UnitedNations has indicated a specific interest."

Mr. YATEs said that it should be made clearthat, as an observer from the United Nations, hehad no authority to negotiate on behalf of theEconomic and Social Council or to commit itsNegotiating Committee in any way. He was,however, ready to put himself at the disposal ofthe Committee in answering questions and inmaking explanatory .comments on the clauseswhich had appeared in previous agreements.

When it had been agreed by the Committeethat it would be useful for him to comment inthis way, he said that fundamentally there wasno field in which the United Nations might nothave a specific interest, although there were anumber of matters with which it dealt thatwould not particularly interest the specializedagencies.

The DEPUTY EXE.CUTIVE SECRETARY pointedout that the work of the Interim Commissionwas at present essentially one of policy-making,naturally of interest to the United Nations. Inthe future, however, through specialized com-mittees and sub-committees, the WHO woulddeal with highly technical matters, such as stan-dardization of tetanus antitoxin. In his opinion,the United Nations should not be automaticallyinvited to sit on committees and sub-9ommitteesdealing with such subjects ; instead, the arrange-ments for invitations should be on the basis ofreciprocity.

Dr. EvANG considered that the WHO, as aspecialized agency, should not decide on whichoccasions the United Nations should be invitedto its nleetings, but that a formula should besought by which the decision should be left tothe latter.

The CHAIRMAN suggested that it might besufficient to send notifications of meetings withcopies of the agenda, rather than special invita-tions, to the United Nations, which could itselfjudge whether the meetings were of sufficientinterest for it to send representatives.

This suggestion was adopted, and it wasdecided that the wording of the article should beamended by the Drafting Committee in the lightof the Chairman's remarks.

In paragraph 2, on the fepresentation of theWHO at meetings of the Economic and SocialCouncil, Dr. TIMMERMAN asked for the correctinterpretation of the word " specific " whichappeared in brackets before " interest ", andafter discussion, the question was referred to theDrafting Committee.

Paragraph 3, referring to representation atthe General Assembly, was accepted withoutcomment.

Paragraph 4, on representation in Committeesof the General Assembly, was adopted, with thesubstitution of the word " entitled " for " invit-ed ", as suggested by Dr. DE PAULA SOUZA.

COMMITTEE ON RELATIONS - 53 - FIRST MEETING

In paragraph 5, on representation in meetingsof the Trusteeship Council, Dr. DE PAULA SOUZAsaid that an important point was involvedbecause this Council might discuss general pro-blems in which the WHO was not concerned.

Mr. YATES again drew attention to the factthat the field of the United Nations was uni-versal. This did not mean that it would auto-matically send representatives to hundreds ofmeetings of its specialized agencies, althoughpotentially, it had an interest in every meetingand should be able to send them if it so desired.This was not the case with specialized agencieswith respect to the meetings called by the UnitedNations. Therefore, representation could not beabsolutely reciprocal and the wording of theparagraphs could not be the same in all cases.

It was agreed that for this paragraph the textrelating to UNESCO should apply, and that thewords " bearing on health " should be inserted.

Paragraph 6, on the exchange of information,was accepted, Dr. REDSHAW suggesting, how-ever, that it should be incorporated in ArticleXIV. This was left to the Drafting Committee.

Article III : Proposal of Agendaltems.

This Article was likewise adopted.

Article IV : Recommendations of the UnitedNations.After a discussion, in which it was agreed that

the term " United Nations " included the Eco-nomic and Social Council, paragraphs r and 2were accepted.

In paragraph 3, regarding further co-ordin-ation of the activities of the two organizations,the CHAIRMAN raised the point as to whether ornot this clause would compel the WHO toco-operate in all activities of the United Nations,even those of a political nature. It was finallydecided to postpone discussion on this pointuntil after consideration of Article VII.

Dr. PARRAN drew attention to the inexact andcumbersome text of this paragraph in the DraftAgreement, and was surprised that some attempthad not previously been made to prevent theperpetuation of faulty wording.

Mr. YATES read a resolution passed at thelast session of the Economic and Social Councilregarding the establishment of a Co-ordinatingCommittee (see United Nations documentE/231). This was an example of the kind ofarrangement contemplated in the second halfof the paragraph.

Dr. EVANG agreed that the wording of thisparagraph was extremely vague, and foresawtwo interpretations of it : first, that the WHOshould take part in any type of committee orbody which the United Nations might set up ;or second (and this had a narrower significance),that the WHO should co-operate in any arrange-ment for co-ordinating the work of the differentbodies set up by the United Nations.

Paragraph 3 was then referred to the DraftingCommittee.

Article V : Exchange of Information andD ocuments .

Dr. PARRAN pointed out that this Article wasalso badly drafted.

Paragraph r was accepted in principle, and,as for paragraph 2, after some discussion, it wasagreed that in (a) the word " on " should besubstituted for " of " before " the activities ofthe WHO ", and that in (c) the words " shallagree to transmit to it " be replaced by "theprovision of such documentary and other mate-rials ". The final drafting of this Article wasreferred to the Drafting Committee.

Article VI : Public Information.In a discussion as to whether and to what ex-

tent the WHO should make use of the services ofthe Department of Public Information of theUnited Nations, Dr. PARRAN asked whether theretention of the paragraph was necessary. Dr.REDSHAW then pointed out that, if it were omit-ted, the WHO would have no mandate to makethe subsidiary agreement mentioned therein.

It was emphasized that there were two aspectsto this question, the problem of informing thepublic and that of informing the medical pro-fession about the work of the WHO. Theconsensus seemed to be that it was importantfor the information facilities of the UnitedNations to be at the disposal of the WHO as ameans of informing the public, but that the dutyof informing the medical profession shouldremain with the WHO.

The final drafting of the Article was left to theDrafting Committee.

Article VII : Assistance to the SecurityCouncil.In answer to the CHAIRMAN, who had asked

whether, in accepting the Article, the WHOmight risk finding itself implicated in the poli-tical problems of the Security Council, theEXECUTIVE SECRETARY stated that he thoughta differentiation might be made between the" furnishing of information " and the " render-ing of assistance ".

Mr. YATES said that the Council could beexpected to attach importance to the inclusionof the clause without substantial weakening,and pointed out that it had already beenaccepted in draft agreements with four otherspecialized . agencies.

The EXECUTIVE SECRETARY remarked thataction taken by certain of the specialized agen-cies at the request of the Security Council mightnot be inconsistent with or damaging to thepurposes for which they had been set up. Butsimilar requests to the WHO-if it were, forinstance, asked to stop certain services-mightinterfere with its objective and be gravelyinjurious to the health of the world.

The Committee finally agreed to accept the.Article, with some phrase which would qualifythe assistance to be rendered by the WHO, forinstance, " such assistance as may be compatiblewith its Constitution ". For a rearrangement ofthe wording, the last clause of the Article wasreferred to the Drafting Committee.

FIRST MEETING - 54 - COMMITTEE ON RELATIONS

Article VIII : Assistance to the Trustee-ship Council ;

Article IX : Non-Self Governing Territories;Article X : Relations with the InternationalCourt of Justice.These Articles were adopted without change.

Article XI : Headquarters and RegionalOffices.

In answer to a point raised by Dr. REDSHAW,the EXECUTIVE SECRETARY explained that theexpression " closely associated " in paragraph 2referred to the locality in which the regional orbranch offices should be set up.

Mr. YATES, in explaining the general policy ofthe United Nations in this matter, quoted fromthis Article and from passages on the locationof headquarters in the Report of the ExecutiveSecretary. He read the following extract fromthe Report of the Preparatory Commission :

" 42. The Economic and Social Council, inits negoziations with the specialized agencies,should make the location of the headquartersof these agencies a point of major importancewith a view to securing the advantages whichflow from centralization. However, theundoubted advantages following from cen-tralization must be weighed against thefactors which, in certain instances, mayoperate in favour of locating the headquarteisof an agency in a place which is particularlysuited to the discharge of its functions.The possibility of making exceptions to thegeneral principle of centralization has beenrecognized. "This had been accepted by the General As-

sembly and remained the general policy of theUnited Nations. Accordingly, provisions bearingon the advantages of centralization appearedin three of -the agreements with specializedagencies already negotiated by the Economicand Social Council ; and the Negotiating Com-mittee might therefore be expected to proposethe same language to the WHO. The matterwould be within the competence of the Organiz-ation, after consultation with the UnitedNations, as provided by Article 43 of theConstitution of the World Health Organization ;and the offer of facilities referred to in theExecutive Secretary's Report meant that if theOrganization decided to locate its headquartersin Geneva, the United Nations would do its bestto provide facilities there, without abrogatingthe general policy just stated.

Mr. Yates's, remarks were noted, and theArticle was accepted.

Article XII : Personnel Arrangements.With regard to paragraph .1-, the Committee

questioned the advisability of inserting thephrases in brackets, i.e. : " as far as practicable "and " it being understood that the WorldHealth Organization shall retain full autonomyin the recruitment and selection of its ownstaff ". Dr. PARRAN considered that these

phrases were too restrictive, and Dr. EVANGthat they admitted of another interpretation,while Dr. REDSHAW pointed out that theyshould be read in connection with paragraph 2.

The EXECUTIVE SECRETARY stated that hethought that nothing would be lost by theomission of the final bracketed clause of theparagraph, and it was decided to delete it, thephrase " as far as practicable ", however, beingretained.

Paragraph 2 of the Article was acceptedwithout comment.

Article XIII : Statistical Services.

Paragraph i of this Article was accepted.

In paragraph 2, Dr. DE PAULA SOUZA under-lined the necessity for the insertion of thebracketed words " without prejudice to theright of the World Health Organization toconcern itself with such statistics so far as theymay be essential for its own purposes ", and theparagraph was adopted without change.

The CHAIRMAN questioned whether theretention bf paragraph 3 was indispensable.The EXECUTIVE SECRETARY explained that theobject of this paragraph was to enable the WHOto have at its disposal, if neceisary, statisticsother than those to which paragraph 2 referred,and Dr. DE PAULA SOUZA expressed the viewthat it was essential to retain it.

Paragraph 3 was therefore adopted, as wereparagraphs 4 and 5.

In paragraph 6, the DEPUTY EXECUTIVESECRETARY illustrated the meaning of thephrase reading " inform each other of thesources of the material of a statistical naturewhich either may receive ", and the clause wasadopted. In accordance with a suggestion of

REDSHAW, however, it was left to the Draft-ing Committee to decide whether or not itshould form an independent paragraph.

It was decided to continue the study of theAgreement at the next meeting.

8. Appointment of a Drafting Committee.

The CHAIRMAN suggested that the DraftingCommittee should be composed of Drs. Redshaw,Martinez Baez and Evang, Dr. Martinez Bae; toact as Chairman.

Dr. PARRAN, however, pointed out that Dr.Evang, as Rapporteur of the Committee, wasthe logical Chairman of the Drafting Committee,and this was agreed to by the Committee.

Finally, Mr. YATES, in reply to a request forhis participation, said that he was willing to bepresent and answer any questions which theCommittee might put to him, but that he couldnot, of course, take any responsibility for thedraft.


COMMITTEE ON RELATIONS - 55 - SECOND MEETING

Annex 7.

SECOND MEETING

Held on Thursday, 7 November 1946, at _To a.m., Palais des Nations, Geneva.

Chairman: Dr. CHOUCHA Pacha (Egypt).

1. Draft Master Agreement with the United Nations(continued) (docu ment WHO. IC/W.18,Annex 23a).

After the meeting had been called to order,the Committee continued its discussion of theDraft Agreement with the United Nations.

Article XIII : Statistical Services.

Dr. EVANG, Chairman of the Drafting Com-mittee, stated that difficulties had been en-countered in connection with the revision ofparagraph 6 of Article XIII. After this para-graph had been compared with the relevanttexts in the ILO and UNESCO agreements, itwas still not clear whether the Committeewished that the source only of statistical ma-terial or the material itself should be suppliedto the United Nations.

The DEPUTY EXECUTIVE SECRETARY, ampli-fying his statement of the previous day, statedthat the agreements negotiated between theUnited Nations and other specialized agenciesincluded a provision for supplying the UnitedNations with documents and informationreceived. This, he believed, would be too heavya burden on the WHO and might even, in thecase of health statistics, lead to misinter-pretation by untrained persons or by the publicat large. In his opinion, only the source ofstatistical or other data should be made knownto the United Nations, which could ...itself gainaccess to the documents in question should itso desire.

Dr. EVANG said that the Drafting Committeeagreed with this point of view.

Mr. YATES pointed out that the wording ofparagraph 6 on the one hand, and of paragraph 5and the second part of paragraph 1, on theother, was inconsistent. Statistical informationneed not automatically be sent to the UnitedNations.

The DEPUTY EXECUTIVE SECRETARY agreedwith Articles I and V that there should be aslittle duplication as possible in the collection ofinformation and thought that a sense of propor-tion should be maintained with regard to thework entailed. Too heavy a burden shouldnot be placed on the WHO as the receivingagency.

Dr. PARRAN thought the matter a minor oneand considered that the provisions of paragraphlc, and especially of paragraphs 4 and 5, wereadequate. He proposed, then, the deletion

of paragraph 6, and was supported by Dr.TIMMERMAN and by Dr. EVANG.

It was therefore agreed that paragraph 6should be deleted.

Article XIV : Administrative and TechnicalServices.

As this point, the EXECUTIVE SECRETARYreferred to his statement of the previous day, Iagain stressing that the United Nations hadsupplied all the necessary secretarial staff forthe second session of the Interim Commission,which had itself decided that the internalcommittees could not sit simultaneously.

Dr. REDSHAW asked the Committee to keepin mind the suggestion he had previously made 2to transfer the sixth paragraph of Article II toArticle XIV.

It was agreed to do this, and Article XIV wasadopted.

Article XV : Budgetary and FinancialArrangements.

Paragraph r of this Article was acceptedwithout colpment.

As for paragraph 2, after a lengthy discussionas to the meaning of the words " inclusion ofthe budget of the Organization within a generalbudget of the United Nations ", attentionhaving been drawn by Mr. YATES to the author-izing nature of the clause, Dr. EVANG proposedthat the question be postponed and be consideredat the first World Health Assembly. Afterdiscussion, however, he withdrew his proposal,but suggested that the phrase " arrangementsfor the relations between the budget of theOrganization and the general budget of theUnited Nations " be substituted for " arrange-ments for the inclusion of the budget of theOrganization within a general budget of theUnited Nations."

This latter suggestion was supported byvarious members, and paragraph 2 as thusmodified was adopted, subject to re-wordingby the Drafting Committee.

Paragraphs 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 were alsoaccepted, with the single addition to the endof paragraph 4 of the words : " in relation tothe administrative part of the budget. "

Article XVI : Financing of Special Services.

The Article was adopted without comment.

1 See pages 52-53.2 See page 54.

SECOND MEETING - 56 - COMMITTEE ON RELATIONS

Article XVII : Inter-Agency Agreements.The EXECUTIVE SECRETARY explained that

Article XVII had been inserted to cover thenecessity for informing the United Nations ofthe nature of any agreements made betweenspecialized agencies.

It was agreed to accept the Article with thedeletion of the sentence in brackets.

Article XVIII : Liaison.This Article was adopted, as were Article

XIX : Implementation of the Agreement ; ArticleXX : Revision ; and Article XXI : Entry intoForce.

Dr. MARTINEZ BAEZ informed the Committeethat, in his opinion, it would be wisé to insert inthe Agreement some statement to the effect thatthe WHO was the sole agency responsible forhealth matters.

The EXECUTIVE SECRETARY agreed. In viewof the tendency of all the specialized agencies toexpand and the consequent overlapping whichwould ensue, he thought it advisable to havesome definition of the responsibilities of theWHO and its competence in all matters relatingto health.

Mr. YATES stated that (I) it was impossible todefine the exclusive fields of action of thespecialized agencies, since several were in someway interested in health and-(2) nothing in theAgreements would change the basic instrumentsof the various agencies. He again referred toUnited Nations 'document E.231, with respectto the Co4n-dinating committee established bythe United Nations.

Dr. PARRAN agreed with the proposal, statingthat he also appreciated the remarks of Mr.Yates regarding the overlapping of activities.Another aspect of the problem was that theTrusteeship Council would be responsible forthe total administration, including health, andmight wish to set up a medical organization ofits own. He considered that the insertion sug-gested by Dr. Martinez Baez would be par-ticularly valuable in preventing any poachingon the preserves of the WHO.

The CHAIRMAN suggested that the matter bereferred to the Drafting Committee, whichshould bear in mind that the WHO was theagency primarily competent to deal with healthmatters.

This was agreed to by the Committee.The CHAIRMAN welcomed the Representative

from the U.S.S.R., Dr. Krotkov, who had justarrived.

2. Co-operation with Specialized Agencies.

The Committee then considered documentWHO.IC/W.8, Annex 17 " Principles of Co-operation between the World Health Organiz-ation and other Specialized Agencies and thePresent Status of Negotiations between theInterim Commission and these Agencies."

Dr. PARRAN expressed his appreciation of theexcellent note of the Secretariat on this subject,and the Committee agreed to it in principle,but proceeded to discuss it in detail.

Dr. EVANG brought up the question of JointCommittees mentioned in the first part of thedocument. He wondered whether these Com-mittees should advise one or both of the organiz-ations establishing them and thought that,although it was not feasible to lay down fixedrules, in general they should advise the twoorganizations on matters of interest to both.

The EXECUTIVE SECRETARY agreed, and Dr.EVANG remarked that, with reference to theparagraph entitled " Co-operation with Tech-nical Divisions and Commissions of the UnitedNations ", he was of the opinion that it was notalways a good idea to have permanent liaisonofficers.

3. Food and Agriculture Organization.

In the discussion of the second part of thedocument, the fields .of interest common toand the state of negotiations between the WorldHealth Organization and other specializedagencies, Dr. EVANG remarked upon the friendlyattitude of the FAO, and stated that he consider-ed that it would be indispensable to have aJoint Committee on Nutrition with that organiz-ation. Although overlapping should be avoided,it had been clearly stated that both the FAO andthe WHO must be food-minded. Equality ofrepresentation of both on the Joint Committeewould therefore be sound. As for the questionof rural hygiene, the standard of health of ruralpopulations was referred to prominently in theConstitution of the FAO, and it therefore mightbe difficult for it to accept the view thatthe WHO was the primary agency in thismatter.

Dr. KROTKOV explained that, as he had notyet had the opportunity of examining thevarious documents, he would like to be able tospeak later. He was assured by the CHAIRMANthat he would be able to take part in the debatewhen the report of the Committee was discussedin a plenary meeting.

Dr. TIMMERMAN said that he was a littleanxious about the degree of importance whichthe FAO attached to the question of ruralhygiene, as this was a primary responsibility ofthe Health Organization.

Dr. PARRAN pointed out that, when the FAOhad been set up at Hot Springs, it had examinedboth nutrition and rural hygiene. It was there-fore understandable that it should be interestedin these questions ; he was sure that it wouldalways welcome the collaboration of the InterimCoMmission and the WHO.

The CHAIRMAN stated that in many agricul-tural countries, including his own, the questionof rural hygiene was of very great importanceand was closely linked with health problems(including housing, water supply, sewage dis-posal, and the prevention of certain occupationaland endemic diseases). These were the responsi-bility of the WHO.

COMMITTEE ON RELATIONS - 57 - SECOND MEETING

4. The International Labour Organization.

In answer to a question from Dr. EVANG asto whether the Director of the ILO had repliedto the suggestiods made for the setting up oftwo Joint Committees " on industrial hygieneand on provisions for medical care and healthservices ", the EXECUTIVE SECRETARY statedthat the matter was under the considerationof ILO authorities. He underlined the friendlyattitude of the ILO.

5. Provisional International Civil Aviation Organiz-ation.

No comments were made on this section ofthe document.

6. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cul-tural Organization.

The EXECUTIVE SECRETARY referred to thehelpful attitude which had consistently beenshown by the Executive Secretary of the Pre-paratory Commission of UNESCO with regardto collaboration with the WHO, and Dr.MARTINEZ BAEZ expressed his appreciation ofthe statement on this subject in the documentunder consideration.

Dr. DE PAULA SOUZA thought that it might bepossible to draft an agreement couched in sim-pler language. It was diffcult to draw a hard-and-fast line between the field of activities ofUNESCO and that of the WHO. In paragraph(b) (line 6), for instance, the word " medicine "might be changed to " public health ". TheDrafting Committee should clarify the wholestatement, for there was bound to be overlap-ping in the activities of the two Organizations,whereas the agreement as drafted gave theopposite impression.

The CHAIRMAN suggested the substitution ofthe expression " field of health " for " publichealth ".

The EXECUTIVE SECRETARY reminded theCommittee that the text appearing in the docu-ment had been drawn up by M. Darchambeau,Permanent Representative of UNESCO withthe United Nations, and that it had not beenofficially considered.

It was suggested that this subject be referredto a sub-committee.

7. United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Adminis-tration.

No comments were made on this section.

8. United Nations.

Mr. YATES stated, firstly, that the relation-ships mentioned in this section, especially theprovision concerning reciprocity of representa-tion, would be dealt with in the agreement be-tween the WHO and the United Nations whichhad already been discussed by the Committee.Secondly, with regard to research laboratories,the Secretary-General of the United Nationsproposed to consult the Interim Commissionbefore framing the report called for by theresolution of the Economic and Social Councilof October 3rd.

Dr. LUCAS, referring to the paragraph onTrusteeship, observed, furthermore, that theTrusteeship Department of the United Nationswould have to work in close collaboration withthe WHO, with a view to achieving the aims putforward in Chapter IX of the Charter, dealingwith non-self-governing territories.

9. Present State of Negotiations with the Pan-American Sanitary Bureau.

Aft9r an exchange of views, it was agreed thatthe discussion of this item should be referred tothe Interim. Commission.

10. Relations with Non-governmental Organiz-ations.

The Committee then considered documentWHO. IC/W. r o, Annex 18 : " Principles ofCo-operation between the World Health Orga-nization and International and National Non-governmental Organizations interested inhealth ".

The CHAIRMAN asked whether the Committeewould accept the obligation to provide secreta-rial facilities to certain voluntary organizations,as mentioned on the second page of this docu-ment.

The EXECUTIVE SECRETARY stated that theobligations of the WHO could not be carried outwithout the help of voluntary organizations, ofwhich there were a considerable number. It was,of course, impossible to give a blanket authorityfor the placing of all secretariat and other faci-lities at the disposal of such organizations, butperhaps some help might be extended in certaincases.

After Dr, EVANG had pointed out the over-whelming responsibilities to be faced by the WHOand the impossibility of undertaking furthercommitments, Dr. MARTINEZ BAEZ suggestedthat co-operation with UNESCO might be ofhelp in this connection. In cases of great need,certain associations might perhaps be givenassistance by the WHO.

The EXECUTIVE SECRETARY suggested lendingassistance in certain fields-e.g., tuberculosis,mental hygiene, etc.-for specific purposes. Hementioned as an example a forthcoming confer-ence on mental hygiene, to which secretarialhelp might perhaps be lent.

Dr. EVANG said that he did not wish to bemisunderstood. He had no objection to givingmoral and perhaps sometimes financial assist-ance, whenever possible.

Dr. PARRAN then proposed the followingresolution, which was supported by Dr. TIM-MERMAN :

" The Committee, having reviewed theexcellent report of the Secretariat on thesubject of the Principles of Co-operation be-tween the World Health Organization andInternational and National Non-governmentalOrganizations interested in Health, recognizesthe importance of the problem and the desir-ability of giving it mature consideration ;

THIRD MEETING - 58 - COMMITTEE ON RELATIONS

refers the problem to the Interim Commission ;proposes that the matter should receive furtherstudy, that possibly no policy should be estab-lished at all by the Interim Commission, butthat it might appropriately be considered bythe General Assembly. "

This resolution was adopted in principle andreferred to the Drafting Committee.

Consideration of further documents was post-poned until the next meeting.


Annex 8.

THIRD MEETING

Held on Saturday, 9 November 1946, at 3.30 p.m., Palais des Nations, Geneva.

Chairman: Dr. CHOUCHA Pacha (Egypt).

The CHAIRMAN called the meeting to order.

1. Further Consideration of Agreement with UnitedNations (document WHO. IC/W.18, Annex23a).

The proposed modifications to the DraftMaster Agreement with the United Nations, assubmitted by the Drafting Committee (docu-ment WHO.IC/R/W/i, Annex 23e), werepresented by Dr. EVANG.

It was pointed out that the following correc-tions should be made :

Article III, on page 3, was really part ofArticle II ; and in Article II paragraph 6 shouldbecome paragraph 7, because a new paragraph 2had been inserted. Three lines of paragraph 2,Article V, left column, " without prejudice . . .

paragraph r " should be deleted.Since it had been decided that the last brack-

eted sentence in paragraph 1, Article XII, wouldbe deleted, the article in the agreement shouldbe redrafted in this sense.

At the suggestion of Dr. PARRAN, it wasdecided to add the word " dissemination " toparagraphs z and 3 of Article XIII, after" stand ardization ".

Dr. EVANG said that the Drafting Committeehad found it very difficult to strengthen ArticleI, and finally limited itself to changing " aspecialized agency " to " the specialized agency ".

The Committee then adopted the proposals ofthe Drafting Committee withthe abovementionedamendments and, on the proposal of the DEPUTYEXECUTIVE SECRETARY, decided to present thenew version of the Draft Master Agreement tothe Commission in the form of a final text. (Seedocument WHO.IC/W. r8 Rev. r, Annex 23e.)

2. Administrative Agreement with the United Nations.

In the examination of document WHO.IC/W.17, Annex 13, the Administrative Agreementbetween the United Nations and the InterimCommission on Co-operation during the SecondSession, the Committee recalled that it hadalready accepted paragraphs r to 9 in a previousmeeting 1. Paragraphs so and r I were then read,and the whole of the document was adopted.

The DEPUTY EXECUTIVE SECRETARY statedthat he wished to take advantage of the presence

1 See pages 52-53.

of United Nations representatives to pay atribute to the help which had been receivedfrom that Organization-particularly from Mr.Moderow and Mr. Evans-in the preparationof the meetings of the second session.

The CHAIRMAN requested that this tributeshould appear not only in the Minutes, but alsoin the Resolutions of the Committee.

3. Public Information.The Committee then considered the question

of collaboration between the Division of PublicInformation of the United Nations and the WHO(document WHO.IC/W.2t, Annex 25a).

Dr. EVANG drew attention to Article VI ofthe modifications to the Draft Agreement justadopted, where it had been suggested thatdiscussion of this point should be postponedpending consideration of the Draft Agreement.

Dr. MARTINEZ BAEZ, however, referring to thesecond paragraph on page 2 of the documentunder consideration, wished to emphasize thatthe WHO should keep its own responsibilities inthe sphere of education ; were it to co-operatewith any organization on this question, thatorganization should be UNESCO.

The DEPUTY EXECUTIVE SECRETARY statedthat it was the view of the Secretariat that theWHO should be prepared to co-operate with theDivision of Public Information strictly on theinformation side-Press, radio, news, etc.-butnot in the field of health education. Should theOrganization have to work with another agencyin this subject, he agreed that UNESCO wouldobviously be that agency. Certain Governmentsmight wish assistance along the lines, say, of theteaching of school-children.

The CHAIRMAN requested that this statementshould be noted.

4. Co-operation with Specialized Agencies.

In a further discussion of document WHO.IC/W.8, Annex 17, Principles of Co-operationbetween the WHO and other Specialized Agen-cies and State of Negotiations with them, theCHAIRMAN remarked that the Committee hadalready agreed in principle on the contents ofthis document2 and should pass a resolution tothat effect.

2 See pages 57-58.

COMMITTEE ON RELATIONS - 59 - THIRD MEETING

The DEPUTY EXECUTIVE SECRETARY said thatsuch a resolution would be very useful. Beforenegotiations could take place in committees withrepresentatives of other organizations, a good dealof spadework remained to be done on the Secre-tariat level, and the backing of the Commissionwould make these negotiations much easier.

A moticin to this effect was proposed by Dr.PARRAN and supported by Dr. MARTINEZ BAEZand DT. TIMMERMAN.

Dr. EVANG drew attention to the part of thedocument consisting of a draft agreement onscientific collaboration with UNESCO. Hethought that the Committee had decided toappoint a sub-committee to study this subject.

The CHAIRMAN recalled that, after the Com-mittee had agreed on the principle of the docu-ment, it had in fact proposed to appoint such a§ub-committee 1. He had submitted two resolu-tions to the Chairman of the Interim Commis-sion : the first, that the item should be discussedin a plenary meeting ; the second, that a com-mittee of three should be appointed to go intothe matter. This proposed appointment mightwell be included in the report being preparedby the Rapporteur.

With regard to the resolution of the Economicand Social Council on the setting up of UnitedNations Research Laboratories, Dr. PARRANstated that he had prepared a note, which wasbeing mimeographed a. In it he called theattention of the Council to the fact that thisquestion had a bearing on health, and urgedthe Council not to proceed with the setting upof these laboratories before it could be studiedby the first World Health Assembly.

Mr. YATES explained that this resolution hadbeen presented to the Economic and SocialCouncil by the Delegation of France and hadbeen supported by a number of delegations,among them those of the United Kingdom andthe United States of America. It called only fora report, not for specific action ; and he repeatedthat it was the intention of the Secretary-General of the United Nations to invite theInterim Commission-he believed that theinvitation had already been despatched-toconsult with him in this connection.

Dr. PARRAN remarked that, as presented inthe document under consideration, this itemwas merely a quotation from the report of theEconomic and Social Council. He thereforesuggested that the document be approved. Thiswas agreed to by the Committee.

5. Co-operation with Non-Governmental Organiz-ations.

The Committee then re-examined the princi-ples of co-operation between the WHO a'ndnon-governmental international and nationalorganizations dealing with health (documentWHO. IC/W/ 0, Annex 18), the CHAIRMANreading the resolution on this subject which hadbeen submitted by Dr. Parran and adopted atthe previous meeting.

1 See page 58.2 See document WHO.IC/W.39, Annex 26.

The DEPUTY EXECUTIVE SECRETARY said thathe understood from this resolution that theInterim Commission did not wish to burdenthe Secretariat with tasks relating to co-operation with other organizations. He assumedthat its adoption would authorize the Secretariatto answer any request, past or future, with thestatement that the matter would be dealt withby the WHO when established, but that theSecretariat of the Interim Commission was notin a position to enter into such negotiations.

Since several representatives feared that sucha reply might prejudice relationships withcertain bodies working in the medical field,which might turn to other agericies for contacts,Dr. MARTINEZ BAEZ suggested inserting astatement that the Interim Commission wasinterested, at least, in co-operating with them.

The DEPUTY EXECUTIVE SECRETARY agreedthat one way of solving the problem would befor the Interim Commission to adopt a resolu-tion postponing action but underlining theinterest felt by the Commission in seeing contactestablished later by the WHO.

Dr. PARRAN pointed out that some organiz-ations would look to the WHO for financialhelp ; others would wish to know whether itwould be taking over functions which they hadhitherto performed. The position of theseorganizations varied from country to country :in some countries they received Governmentsubsidies. In the United States, for instance,they would resent subsidies, which might beinterpreted as bringing them under Govern-ment control. He would welcome a statementto the general effect that the Interim Commis-sion recognized the importance of the voluntaryinternational and national organizations in thefield of national health and believed that therewould be a continued need for appropriateactivities by such organizations.

The DEPUTY EXECUTIVE SECRETARY agreed.He pointed out that the Commission wouldcertainly not want to discourage certain inter-national organizations, such as the InternationalAssociation against Tuberculosis.

Mr. YATES described the procedure adoptedby the Economic and Social Council in dealingwith this problem. In cases where an organiz-ation was of interest to any one of the specializedagencies primarily, it was directed to thatagency.

It was decided, finally, to leave the resolutionto the drafting committee for re-wording.

The CHAIRMAN thanked the Committee, andstated that all the items allotted to it by theCommission had been covered.

Dr. EVANG remarked that the work had beenrendered much easier because of the excellentpreliminary work done by the Secretariat, andthe CHAIRMAN requested that this should berecorded in the Minutes.


et

FIRST MEETING - 60 - COMMITTEE ON EPIDEMIOLOGY & QUARANTINE

COMMITTEE ON EPIDEMIOLOGY AND QUARANTINE

LIST OF MEMBERS


Dr. Melville MACKENZIE, United Kingdom, Chairman.Major C. MANI, India, Vice-Chairman.Dr. Lucien BERNARD, France, Alternate.Dr. A. T. CHOUCHA Pacha, Egypt.Dr. J. A. D0uLL,United States of America, Adviser.Dr. F. G. KROTKOV, Union of Soviet Socialist Reptiblics.Dr. G. H. DE PAULA SOUZA, Brazil.Dr. Andrija STAMPAR, Yugoslavia. (Absent first meeting.)Dr. Szeming SZE, China. (Absent first meeting).Dr. J. N. TOGBA, Liberia.

The following member was absent :

Dr. C. E. PAZ SOLDAN, Peru.

The following also attended the meetings :

Mr. C. H. K. EDMONDS, United Kingdom.Arnoldo GABALDÓN, Venezuela.

Dr. D. juznAgró, Yugoslavia.Dr. W. H. KAUNTZE, United Kingdom.Dr. W. A. TIMMERMAN, Netherlands.

The following attended as an Observer :

Mr. G. E. YATES, United Nations.

The following member of the Secretariat was present:

Dr. Yves M. BIRAUD, Deputy Executive Secretary.

Annex 9.

FIRST MEETING

Held on Tuesday, 12 November 1946, at 9.30 a.m., Palais des Nations, Geneva.

Chairman: Dr. M. MACKENZIE (United Kingdom).

1. Election of Officers.

The meeting was called to order and, onthe proposal of Dr. STAMPAR, supported byDr. CHOUCHA Pacha, Dr. MACKENZIE wasunanimously elected Chairman and Dr. MANIVice-Chairman.

The CHAIRMAN expressed his appreciation forthe honour bestowed upon him and referred tothe great number of statutory responsibilitieswhich the Committee on Epidemiology andQuarantine would have to fulfil.

2. Malaria.

Dr. GABALDÓN, who had been invited toattencr the meeting, was then requested topresent a report on malaria.

Dr. GABALDÓN stated that, since the InterimCommission had been entrusted with importantmalaria work formerly carried on by UNRRA,he considered that the Secretariat should beassisted by malaria experts. The WHO shouldbe prepared to further the work already under-taken by other international organizations and,in the case of malaria, to speed up the diffusionof new methods of control. In order to ac-complish this urgent and important task asquickly as possible, he suggested the setting upof a sniall preparatory committee, as envisagedin his resolution (document WHO.IC/W.43,Annex 37b).

COMMITTEE ON EPIDEMIOLOGY & QUARANTINE - 61 - FIRST MEETING

Dr. Dom.', supported the resolution, butsuggested the following drafting changes :

For paragraph i : " Authorizes the Chair-man and its Executive Secretary to call onthree outstanding malariologists to advisethe Interim Commission regarding the con-tinuance of the work of malaria under itsagreement with UNRRA. "

Paragraph 2 : " That these three advisersbe constituted as a technical preparatorycommittee on malaria of the Interim Com-mission, to recommend an international pro-gramme of malaria control, in particular tostudy the proposal presented in documentWHO.IC/W.27, Annex 37a, and to reportto the next session of the Interim Commis-sion. "

These amendments were accepted by Dr.GABALDÓN, as giving a broader scope to theresolution.

Dr. TOGBA considered that the resolution wasstill very limited. He thought that any refer-ence to the activities of UNRRA and the Rocke-feller Foundation should be omitted, as thework of these institutions had been restrictedto certain areas. Since studies should also bemade on yellow fever, sleeping-sickness andleprosy, as well as malaria, he suggested thatthe members of the committee be increased tofive and that all of these subjects be studied.He referred, further, to the setting up of aninstitute for the study of tropical diseases,in which he hoped the WHO would take aninterest.

Dr. MANI, while expressing his agreementwith Dr. Togba as to the necessity for studiesbeing made on the diseases mentioned, pointedout that a specialist on yellow fever wouldprobably not be competent as a malariologist.He fully agreed tha.t other tropical diseasesshould also be taken into consideration, butthought that it was necessary to proceed stepby step.

Dr. DE PAULA SOUZA supported this view.Furthermore, although in agreement with thespirit of Dr. Togba's last suggestion, he consider-ed that the creation of an institute for the studyof tropical diseases would be premature andthat what was necessary, first of all, wasco-ordination of the work of existing institutesof tropical medicine.

Dr. LECLAINCHE agreed, as did Dr. CHOUCHAPacha, who considered that as malaria variedfrom country to couhtry, in order that itshould be properly studied the number ofexperts on the malaria committee should beincreased to five.

Dr. TOGBA stated that he was still concernedwith the mention in the resolution of the acti-vities of UNRRA and the Rockefeller Found-ation. The WHO, a universal organization,should extend its work in tropical diseasesto all parts of the world where those diseasesprevailed. Moreover, although he agreed that itwould indeed be necessary to ascertain whathad already been accomplished in the fieldof tropical medicine, he felt that the World

Health Organization should eventually considerthe establishment of an international instituteto carry on studies in this field.

Dr. CHOUCHA Pacha agreed with Dr. Togbathat work on malaria should not be restricted tothe areas in which UNRRA had been interested.Therefore, the resolution should make it clearthat the Committee should report on malaria ingeneral, as well as, in a restricted sense, on thatpart of the work transferred from UNRRA.

Dr. TOGBA agreed and asked that his ownsuggestions and those of Dr. Choucha be incor-porated in the resolution.

After summarizing the discussion, the CHAIR-MAN stated that with regard to specific points,he entirely agreed that three experts wereinsufficient to form a committee having suchwidespread powers as those contemplated forthe Committee on Malaria. Advice on malariawith relation to,, UNRRA's activities was ofsecondary importance, he thought, for whatwas needed was not so much expert advice asteams of doctors to prepare the work in certaincountries. He therefore approved of insertinga separate paragraph in the resolution, broaden-ing the scope of the proposed committee.

He reminded the Committee that it was facedwith a number of statutory obligations involvingthe creation of committees, and thought thatthe first thing to do was to define the priorityto be given to each committee. He thereforesuggested that final approval of the resolutionon the Malaria Committee should be postponeduntil gter the discussion on points 3, 4 and 5 ofthe agenda (document WHO.IC/W.25, Annex

rb). This was agreed.

3. Quarantine.

The CHAIRMAN stated that., under the SanitaryConveLions, a considerable amount of statutoryresponsibility would devolve on the Committeeon Epidemiology and Quarantine, including :

(a) The application of international sanitaryconventions ;

(b) The delineation of yellow-fever areas ;(c) The approval of yellow-fever vaccine, etc.

Up to this time, some of this work had beencarried out by the Office International d'Hy-giène Publique, which had maintained a StandingCommittee on Quarantine, to which all ques-tions arising in connection with the methods ofapplication of the Conventions were referred.He therefore proposed considering the creationof a Conunittee on Quarantine, on the under-standing that its terms of reference should dealwith the application of the Sanitary Conven-tions and not with the modifications or revisionswhich might be called for.

Dr. KROTKOV thought that the question wasan urgent one ; he referred to the great dis-placement and movement of populations as aresult of the war and the importance of qua-.rantine measures in the control of epidemics.In his view, this Cónamittee on Quarantineshould be created immediately and should drawup its programme of work, which would be the

FIRST MEETING - 62 - COMMITTEE ON EPIDEMIOLOGY 8C QUARANTINE

revision of international quarantine conventions,in the light of recent experience. Other concretequestions would have to be considered withreference to specific countries and areas.

Dr. DOULL asked whether the QuarantineCommittee to be set up was to be composed ofGovernmental representatives. In his opinion,the committee on yellow fever should be aseparate committee composed entirely of ex-perts on that subject. He made reference in thisconnection to the United States resolution onyellow fever (document WHO.IC/W.38, Annex38).

The CHAIRMAN said that, aside from dealingwith questions like the deratization of ships andthe combating of the spread of plague byresearch methods, the proposed QuarantineCommittee would have the responsibility forthe application of the exis-qng Sanitary Con-ventions. The revision of 'these Conventionswould require a different kind of experts.

Aside, then, from the question of the revisionof the Conventions, there should be set up aStanding Committee of Experts on Quarantineto deal with problems relating to their applica-tion. In view of the interests involved, themembers of this Committee should be drawnfrom all parts of the world and should be thor-oughly conversant with the application of qua-rantine methods and control of communicablediseases. As members, he proposed expertsfrom China, Egypt, France, India, the Nether-lands, the United Kingdom, the United Statesof America and the Pan American SanitaryBureau. The Governments concerned shouldbe asked to suggest names of suitable expertsin this field.

With regard to the question of yellow fever,he thought that the Quarantine Committee,in order to fulfil its responsibilities under theconventions, should be authorized to seek theadvice of from three to five yellow-fever experts.This work would call for :

(1) Experts on vaccines ;

(2) Experts on field work, in connection withthe delineation of yellow fever in certain .areas ; and

Experts on laboratory diagnosis.(3)

Dr. KROTKOV felt that the Interim Commis-sion already constituted a permanent body onquestions of quarantine and that it was thereforeunnecessary to set up a Standing Committeeto deal with this question. He suggestedcreating a committee which would be made upof Government appointed experts and whichwould meet only intermittently. It would beessential to determine the intervals at whichit should meet, fix the date of meetings andestablish a programme of work.

Dr. TOGBA considered that the Pan AmericanSanitary Bureau, not representative of any onecountry, would not be a suitable member ofthe Committee.

Dr. DouLL thought that a representative of thePan American Sanitary Bureau need not be amember of the Committee, but should perhapsattend the meetings as an observer. He askedfor clarification of Dr. Krotkov's proposal.

Dr. KROTKOV repeated that he thought thata Committee on Quarantine created by theInterim Commission should be only a temporarybody with precise and limited duties. It shouldprepare its report for submission to the InterimCommission and should meet simultaneouslywith it. Its activity should come to an end withthe third session of the Commission.

He agreed with Dr. Togba that a represent-ative of the Pan American Sanitary Bureaushould not have the same rights as a Govern-ment representative on this Committee. In hisopinion, the Committee should be composed ofseven member's, who would be representativesof States interested in quarantine. The idea ofhaving an odd number had produced goodresults in the Soviet Union, since it gave thePresident the right to vote.

The CHAIRMAN asked Dr. Krotkov whether hethought that the Quarantine Committee shouldreport to the Interim Commission directly orthrough the Committee on Epidemiology andQuarantine, and Dr. KROTKOV stated that, inhis estimation, the report should be madethrough the latter.

It was pointed out by Dr. DE PAULA SOUZAthat the study of standards for yellow-fevervaccine should not be part of the duties of theQuarantine Commission, as such standardswould be considered by the Committee on Bio-logical Standardization.

The CHAIRMAN stated that the QuarantineCommission of the Office International d'Hy-gike Publique had met only three weeks pre-viously and had cleared up all outstandingquestions regarding the application of theconventions, so that there was no immediateurgency for a meeting of the QuarantineCommittee.

As to yellow fever, the problem was the delin-eation of infected areas, and this might requirerevision from time to time by experts. Suchexperts should, of course, be attached to theQuarantine Committee.

He mentioned that there were two newlaboratories which were starting the manufac-ture of vaccine against yellow fever and whichmight soon submit an application to the WHOfor approval of this vaccine. He agreed thatyellow-fever experts should constitute a specialsub-committee of the Quarantine Commissionso that advice where needed would be imme-diately available.

Dr. DE PAULA SOUZA fully agreed that expertson yellow-fever vaccine standards should be atthe disposal of the Quarantine Committee, but

COMMITTEE ON rPIDEMIOLOGY et QUARANTINE - 63 - PIRST MEETING

repeated that this point might well be dealtwith under biological standardization.

The CHAIRMAN stated that the Committeeseemed generally, agreed on the subject. Hesuggested : (a) that it appoint a StandingCommittee of Experts in Quarantine Methodsand Application of the Conventions ; and (b)that this Committee meet about twice a yearto deal with problems of such application,including responsibilities in connection withyellow fever.

As to the point raised by Dr. de Paula Souza,the task to be undertaken by the QuarantineCommittee would be the approval of the pre-paration, not the standardization, of vaccines ;and for this statutory work the QuarantineCommittee should have its own experts.

In reply to a question from Dr. CHOUCHAPacha as to the number of experts to be appoint-ed, the CHAIRMAN, who had increased his list totwelve, suggested that, in order to meetDr. Krotkov's point, one member might beomitted, thus leaving an odd number.

Dr. KROTKOV, although still considering thatseven members would be sufficient, stated thathe would be willing to increase the number,provided that there were good reasons for itand that he knew the names of the countries tobe represented.

After further discussion, it was decided:toappoint experts from the following nine coun-tries : Brazil, China, Egypt, France, India, theNetherlands, the U.S.S.R., United Kingdomand the United States of America.

Dr. TOGBA, while agreeing to omit Liberia,which had been on the original list, voiced hisdesire that Problems of special interest to hiscountry should not be forgotten.

Dr. DouLL, again referring to the necessityfor the Quarantine Committee to set up a sub-committee on yellow fever, proposed the follow-ing amendment to the United States resolution(document WHO.IC/W.38, Annex 38) :

" The Interim Commission authorizes theChairman and Executive Secretary to ap-point, as the need may arise, a technicalsub-committee on yellow fever, not to exceednine members, whose duties shall be to carryout, in the name of and on behalf of theInterim Commission, the special functionsin regard to yellow fever assigned to UNRRAby the Sanitary Conventions of 1944. "

The CHAIRMAN said that he would prefer notto stipulate the number of members for thissub-committee.

Dr. CHOUCHA Pacha concurred in this view,and Dr. DouLL explained that the numbersuggested was only given as an estimate forbudgetary reasons.

Dr. TOGBA repeated that, with reference tothe Quarantine Committee he still opposedthe inclusion of a representative from the PanAmerican Sanitary Bureau as a member, and

hoped that the Committee would not limit itswork to the areas covered by the activities ofUNRRA.

4. Revision and Consolidation of Existing Interna-tional Sanitary Conventions.

The CHAIRMAN pointed out that the existingSanitary Conventions had not been signed byas many countries as had been hoped. If theConventions were revised, the number ofsignatures might perhaps be increased. A pre-liminary work of revision could be done by theSecretariat ; in connection with this work,however, certain Conventions should be givenpriority.

Dr. DE PAULA SOUZA, referring to the Maritimeand Air Conventions, suggested combining them,in order to render their application easier.

Dr. DouLL was in favour of preparing acombined Convention with a number of annexesof a technical nature. He called attention to theUnited States resolution on the subject (docu-ment WHO.IC/W.37, Annex 35a), and wonderedwhether a protocol could not be adopted byGovernments. There was, in his opinion, noimmediate hurry for the revision of the SanitaryConventions ; it would. be useful for the Secre-tariat to study the question and to report to thethird session.

Dr. CHOUCHA Pacha, insisting on the necessityfor the revision of the Conventions, stated thatthe Committee had not yet decided how to treatthe special pilgrimage clauses (see documentWHO.IC/W.28, Annex 35b). These clauseswere of great importance to certain countrieswith Mohammedan subjects, and he favouredconsidering them separately.

The CHAIRMAN again underlined the necessityfor deciding on the priority to be given tocertain parts of the Conventions. There hadbeen a number of suggestions as to how thisshould be effected, and he proposed settingup a committee for an eventual revision ofall the Conventions ; in the meantime, a sub-committee might be appointed to deal with thepilgrimage clauses. Dr. Doull's proposal couldbe met if the Secretariat would do the pre-paratory work for the general revision of theConventions, the membership being left openuntil this work was completed, while the sub-committee on the pilgrimage clauses dealt atonce with the revision of those clauses. Heasked whether the Committee would agreein principle to the creation of such a sub-committee.

Dr. KROTKOV observed that a great numberof committees had already been created, andhe thought that it would be necessary to observegreat prudence. He was opposed to setting upa committee for the revision of the SanitaryConventions, and suggested that this revisionbe entrusted to the Quarantine Committee,which he thought would be competent to dealwith both questions. The number of membersof the Quarantine Committee could be increasedif necessary.

SECOND MEETING - 64 - COMMITTEE ON EPIDEMIOLOGY & QUARANTINE

The CHAIRMAN, pointing out that only oneadditional sub-committee had so far beencontemplated, stated that a new approachto the revision of the Conventions was mostessential. Furthermore, experts in the revisionof treaties would not necessarily have to have thesame qualifications as experts operating them,and vice versa.

The revision of the pilgrimage clauses requireda special kind of knowledge, and suitableexperts in the field were not easy to find.

He suggested setting up a sub-committee forthe revision of the pilgrimage clauses, toconsist of experts from five or six countriesdirectly concerned, and postponing the appoint-ment of the main revision committee until thethird session.

Dr. KRoxicov observed that these questionshad both legal and medical aspects. From a

medical point of v.iew, he felt that all memberscould accept his proposal to entrust the revisionof the pilgrimage clauses to the QuarantineCommittee : there were no experts on pil-grimages, but merely experts in hygiene andepidemiology. He felt, however, that the pil-grimage clauses fell within the sphere of hygieneand epidemiology, and in this sense he was inagreement with the Chairman.

The legal aspect should also be consideredin the appointment of the committee, once themedical side had been covered. The Conventionswould be signed by a large number of States andshould have a well-established legal basis.

It was decided to continue this discussion atthe next meeting.


Annex 10.

SECOND MEETING

Held on Wednesday, 13 November 1946, at 9.30 cern., Palais des Nations, Geneva.

Chairman : Dr. M. MACKENZIE (United Kipgdom).

1. Quarantine.

The CHAIRMAN briefly reviewed the discus-sion which had taken place on the previous day.He said that it had been decided that :

(1) A Standing Committee on Quarantineshould be set up, consisting of quarantineexperts-specialists in the application of theConventions ; and it should be assisted bya small sub-committee of yellow-fever expertsfor the delineation of yellow-fever area's andthe standardization of yellow-fever vaccine ;

(2) Each of the following countries shouldbe asked to name an expert : Brazil, China,Egypt, France, India, the Netherlands, theU.S.S.R., the United Kingdom, and the UnitedStates of America ;

(3) The Quarantine Committee should or-dinarily meet twice a year, simultaneously withthe Interim Commission if possible, in order tosave travelling expenses of members ;

(4) The Sanitary Conventions should berevised, priority being given to pilgrimageclauses ; but

(5) For the time being no Committee wouldbe set up for this general revision. The Secre-tariat should be asked, however, to prepare amemorandum on the most recent methods forthe control of infectious diseases, and to submita report on the subject to the Interim Commis-sion at its next session. In the meantime, therewould be established a small sub-committee ofexperts particularly conversant with conditions

of pilgrimages, to deal immediately with therelevant clauses. The countries which shouldbe asked to form the sub-committee would be :Egypt, France, India, the Netherlands, SaudiArabia and the United Kingdom, as beingparticularly interested in the subject.

The CHAIRMAN drew attention to the complexnature of the work on pilgrimages, in view ofthe religious aspects and questions of traditioninvolved. He suggested that the committeefor studying these clauses should be a sub-committee of the Committee on Epidemiologyand Quarantine, on the understanding thatit would eventually form part of the Committeeon the Revision of Conventions.

Dr..CHOUCHA Pacha supported the Chairman'sproposal and further suggested that the sub-committee might meet in Alexandria, where alldocumentation in connection with the pil-grimage clauses was available.

The CHAIRMAN thanked Dr. Choucha Pachafor his invitation.

Dr. DouLL, referring to Dr. Krotkov'sobservation of the previous day that no suchthing as pilgrimage experts existed, assumedthat any action taken by this sub-committeewith regard to the control of diseases would besubject to the approval of the main Committeeon Revision at a later date.

The CHAIRMAN explained that the sub-com-mittee would be attached to the Committee onEpidemiology and Quarantine merely until

COMMITTEE ON EPIDEMIOLOGY & QUARANTINE - 65 - SECOND MEETING

the main Revision Committee was set up. Theexperts would meet for about ten days to discussvarious problems and to formulate regulationswhich, through the Committee on Revision,would eventually be transmitted to Govern-ments for their observations. The details ofthis procedure would be left to the expertsthemselves .

2. Collection and Distribution of EpidemiologicalIntelligence.

The CHAIRMAN called attention to an itemin the draft resolution submitted by the UnitedStates of America (document WHO.IC/W.37,Annex 35a) concerning the wireless as a meansof diffusing epidemiological information, aquestion which would require further discussion.Since it was not urgent, he proposed that itbe left to the next session of the Committee onEpidemiology and Quarantine.

The Committee agreed.

3. Post-vaccinal Encephalitis.

The Committee then turned to the consider-ation of the technical problems referred to itby the Office International d'HygiMe Publique.

The CHAIRMAN suggested that the question ofpost-vaccinal encephalitis should be postponeduntil the official transfer of the activities of theOffice had taken place.

4. Immunity Reaction in Smallpox Vaccination.

It was similarly agreed to postpone conside-ration of the question of immunity reactionin vaccination against smallpox, which hadalso been referred to the Commission by theOffice.

-5. Delineation of Regional Areas.

Dr. CHOUCHA Pacha drew the Committee'sattention to the question under 5 (a) of theagenda (Annex 39h): " Delineation of regionalareas for epidemiological intelligence ".

Dr. SZE stated that this question wouldrequire careful study and further considerationafter the Secretariat had collected the relevantmaterial, and suggested, as a basis for dis-cussion, that four regional areas should bechosen, centred mainly around epidemiologicalcentres. He envisaged a centre located inEurope-probably in Geneva ; one to coverAfrica and the Middle East-in Alexandria, forexample ; one in the Americas-possibly in NewYork ; and one in the Far East-in Singaporeor Bandoeng.

Dr. DE PAULA SOUZA suggested that Australiamight be included in the areas suggested byDr. Sze. An office already existed there for thecollection of epidemiological intelligence.

It was decided to postpone consideration ofthis item until the discussion on items involvingbudgetary considerations had been concluded,since the Committee had been asked to reportimmediately to the Committee on Adminis-tration and Finance.

6. Setting up of Technical Committees.

In the further examination of this question,the CHAIRMAN again reminded the members ofthe limited amount of money at the disposal ofthe Interim Commission and pointed out thatcertain activities would involve considerableexpenditures. He added that only urgentmedical questions which had been presented onthe demand of Governments really came withinthe terms of reference of the Commission.

7. Institute for Tropical Diseases.Dr. MANI recalled that the resolution sub-

mitted by Dr. Togba on the creation of a Tro-pical Diseases Institute (document WHO.IC/W.4o, Annex 37e) had been discussed and thatit had been tacitly agreed that this questionshould be deferred.

Dr. STAMPAR was convinced that the subject,not being urgent, did not fall within the termsof reference of the Interim Commission.

The Committee therefore decided to post-pone consideration of the creation of such aninstitute.

8. Committee on Malaria (documents WHO.IC/W.27, WHO.IC/W.43, Annex 37, a and b).

The CHAIRMAN expressed doubt.as to whetherthe creation of a malaria committee could beconsidered an urgent problem ; he personallywould have preferred to postpone it.

Dr. DoxiLL, however, strongly urged thatthis Committee be set up and thought that theexpense involved would be a justifiable chargeagainst UNRRA funds.

Dr. STAMPAR agreed with Dr. Doull. Heintended to propose a general resolution at thenext meeting of the Interim Commissionauthorizing the Chairman and ExecutiveSecretary to appoint technical committees inconnection with urgent public health problems(see document WHO.IC/W,5x, Annex 44).Malaria was indeed an urgent problem.

Dr. MANI said that, although the Committeeshould as far as possible restrict itself to itsstatutory duties, it would have to undertakecertain urgent provisional work, and he fullyagreed with Drs. Gabaldem and Doull on thenecessity for immediately establishing a smallcommittee on malaria. He hoped that if fundsfrom UNRRA were devoted to this purpose,India, which was not an UNRRA country,would not be forgotten.

Dr. KROTKOV thought that too many com-mittees had been created and expressed hisapprehension as to their further multiplication.He nevertheless recognized the importance ofcreating a malaria committee. In his opinion,a new principle should be adopted not only forthe malaria committee but for all future com-mittees-namely, that of preparing their agendabefore meetings were convened.

The CHAIRMAN stated that the Committeeseemed to agree unanimously that there wasurgent need for the creation of a small committee

SECOND MEETING - 66 - COMMITTEE ON EPIDEMIOLOGY & QUARANTINE

on :malaria, and also that carefully drawn upagenda should be prepared by the Secretariatbefore the meetings. He asked whether allmembers agreed to the number of experts onthe Committee being increased from three tofive and whether the choice of experts should beleft entirely to the Chairman of the Commission.

To facilitate the work of the Committee onAdministration and Finance, he suggestedestimating the number of anticipated meetingsof this Committee and defining the characterof its work. The Committee on Administrationand Finance would then have to determinewhether the expenses involved could be metfrom the ordinary budget, the UNRRA budgetor from both.

Dr. GABALIPSN considered that in view ofbudgetary difficulties, only one meeting of theCommittee should be envisaged and that itshould take place in one of the localities whereUNRRA had carried on its activities. TheCommittee could then study and supervisework on malaria, present a report to the InterimCommission and plan a programme for theestablishment of a new committee under theWHO. This would be the most practical andeconomical way of accelerating work in thefield.

Dr. KROTKOV had no objection to the appoint-ment of five fully qualified experts on the sub-ject. He suggested that the Executive Secre-tary should draw up a carefully prepared agendafor the Committee and agreed that it shouldmeet and present a report to the InterimCommission at its third session. After theCommission had examined, approved and possi-bly amended the report, the activities of thecommittee on malaria could begin.

The CHAIRMAN asked Dr. Sze whether theinformation to be placed at the disposal ofthe Committee on Administration and Financewas now sufficient for it to make an estimaieon the cost of the proposed committee ; andDr. Sze stated that, if it had been definitelyagreed that this committee was to consist offive persons meeting not more than once, pro-bably in Europe, and that half of the expenseswould be met from the UNRRA budget andhalf from the Interim Commission funds, theCommittee on Administration and Financewould be in a position to estimate the costs.

It was decided, however, that the Committeemight need to meet more than once and that theestimate of the Committee on Administrationand Finance should be made on the basis of twomeetifigs : one, a preparatory meeting andone for the preparation of the report to besubmitted to the Interim Commission.

9. Report to the Interim Commission.

The CHAIRMAN ¡hen asked whether the Com-mittee would agree that he and Dr. Mani, theVice-President, should prepare a short reporton the work of the Committee on Epidemiologyand Quarantine to be submitted to the Com-mittee immediately before the next meetingof the Interim Commission.

Dr. SZE thought that, in view of the lack oftime, a further meeting of the Epidemiologyand Quarantine Committee might be dispensedwith, and he suggested that the Chairmanpresent his report at the next meeting of theCommission, without submitting it to theCommittee.

This was agreed.

10. Public Health Services and Training of Staff.

Dr. DE PAULA SOUZA, presenting the resolu-tion on this subject submitted by the representa-tives of Brazil and Norway (document WHO.IC/W.46, Annex occ), proposed that, in order toavoid the setting up of a Committee, it mightbe possible to select one person to draw up astudy on this subject as a basis for discussion.Dr. Evang, for instance, might be asked tocollect the necessary information.

Dr. CHOUCHA Pacha considered it unnecessaryto appoint a Committee or even to select aperson for this purpose. He thought that theExecutive Secretary could collect data for sub-mission to the Interim Commission or toany committee which might eventually beset up.

Dr. DouLL requested it to be put on recordthat he agreed in principle with the proposal ofDr. de Paula Souza. Since the collection of suchinformation was a fundamental element inassistance 'to Governments in the strengtheningof their National Health Services, he agreed thatsome member of the Commission should beasked to undertake preliminary studies, witha view to consideration of the matter by theWorld Health Assembly.

Dr. MANI thought that it was not necessaryto examine the subject immediately ; such avast problem would require careful study by theWorld Health Organization.

The CHAIRMAN reminded the Commissionthat all governmental documentation, includingthat on national public health services, wouldbe communicated to the WHO. The LeagueHealth Section had formerly issued an annualpublication on this subject, a practice whichhe felt sure that the WHO would wish toresume.

Dr. BERNARD said that, since the creation ofthe many committees envisaged would obviouslyput a great strain on the budget, he wonderedwhether a single committee might be set up toexamine both the resolution on public healthservices and the one on the training of medicaland other staff put forward by the Representa-tives of Brazil and France (document WHO.IC/W.48, Annex 401)), as the two were to a certainextent connected.

Dr. DE PAULA SOUZA agreed with Dr. Ber-nard's suggestion, subject to budgetary consider-ations.

The CHAIRMAN reminded the Committee thatits mandate was to undertake urgent work. He

COMMITTEE ON EPIDEMIOLOGY 8t QUARANTINE - '67 - SECOND MEETING

doubted whether any constitutional provisionauthorized the setting up of a committee forthese questions. Moreover, he considered thatthe results which would be obtained after theenormous work involved would be of littlevalue, and repeated that in his view what wasrequired was a publication corresponding to thatformerly issued by the League.

Dr. SZE felt that a simple solution could befound. To meet the proposal made by Dr. dePaula Souza to initiate a preliminary study ofthis problem, the Commission, acting in confor-mity with the Arrangement, could place thisitem on the agenda of the World Health As-sembly, and at the same time ask the Secretariatto prepare the appropriate documentation.

The CHAIRMAN wondered whether such arequest would not overburden the Secretariat.

The DEPUTY EXECUTIVE SECRETARY saidthat he thought Dr. Sze's suggestion a wise one ;,this question could well be examined by theWorld Health Assembly rather than by theInterim Commission. It would be preferable,however, for the members of the Commission toexplain their views to the Assembly, as he didnot understand 'the proposals clearly enough tobe able to present their case.

Dr. SZE stated that his intention had beenthat, with a view to introducing the matter tothe Assembly, the Secretariat should merelydraw up an historical outline, summarizingprevious activities in this domain.

Dr. DE PAULA SOUZA supported the proposalof Dr. Sze ; and, with the agreement ofDr. BERNARD, he asked that the same treatmentbe accorded to the proposal on the trainingof medical staff.

The DEPUTY EXECUTIVE SECRETARY, thank-ing Drs. Sze and de Paula Souza for theirexplanations, expressed the readiness of theSecretariat to draft a memorandum on thework done in these fields.

The CHAIRMAN then summarized the positionas follows : (1) the two questions of publichealth services and the training of medicaland other staff would be considered together ;

(2) the Secretariat would draft an historicaloutline describing past action and makingsuggestions for future activity ; and (3) the tworesolutions would be included in the agenda ofthe World Health Assembly.

This was agreed.

11. International Programmes in Combating VenerealDiseases.

Dr. DE PAULA SOUZA, presenting the resolu-tion proposed by the representatives of Brazil,France and Norway (document WHO.IC/W.47,Annex 4r), felt that this problem was one ofthe most important of those with which theCommission had to deal. It was so acute andof such social and economic importance that hedid not need to plead for it. More widespread,perhaps, than malaria, venereal diseases hadbecome even more prevalent as a result of thewar, and immediate action should be taken.Recent improvements in curative treatmentmade it advisable to consider the best methodsof fighting against these diseases, and the Com-mission should do its utmost in the matter.

The CHAIRMAN said that he was anxious aboutthe budgetary aspect of the problem. He askedDr. de Paula Souza whether his views would bemet if the Chairman of the Commission ap-pointed an outside expert to prepare a note onthe subject, which might appear on the agendaof the third session of the Commission.

This was agreed to by the Committee.

12. Delimitation of Regional Areas.

In reconsidering this item, the Committeeadopted the proposal of the CHAIRMAN, andaccordingly instructed the Secretariat to preparea memorandum to be considered, likewise, atthe third session.

Dr. SZE was then asked to act as Rapporteurto the Committee on Administration and Fi-nance, and the CHAIRMAN thanked the membersof the Committee and of the Secretariat fortheir co-operation.


Annexes (continued)

DOCUMENTATION OF S E S SION

ANNEX PI a, b - 70 -

Annex 11.a. DRAFT AGENDA

WH0.IC/W.7.4 November 1946.

r. Report of the Executive Secretary.2. Stocktaking of Facilities for the Location of Headquarters in Paris and in Geneva respectively.

3. Relationships between the WHO and the United Nations : Present Position and StateNegotiation of Agreéments.

4. Transfer to the WHO of the Health Functions of Other International Agencies : League ofNations, UNRRA, Office International d'HygUne Publique.

5. State of Negotiations with the Pan American Sanitary Bureau.6. Principles of Co-operation between the WHO and Other Specialized Agencies and State of

Negotiations with Them.

7. Principles of Co-operation between the WHO and International and National Organizationsinterested in Health.

8. Appointment of Technical Committees :(a) Principles of Procedure for Appointments.(b) Appointment of Committees on :

r. Epidemiology and Quarantine (Revision of International Sanitary Conventions) ;2. Health in Devastated Areas ;3.

of

(e)

Medical Nomenclature (Preparation of the Sixth Decennial Revision of theInternational Lists).

Consideration of the Setting-up of Other Committees (on Medical Education, etc.).9. Appointment of Two Members of the Drug Supervisory Commission of the United Nations.

to. Administrative Questions and Publications : Finances, Staff.rr. Miscellaneous Items.

b. ANNOTATED AGENDA OF THE SECOND SESSIONWHO.IC/W.25.

4 November 1946.Document No.

r. Report of the Executive Secretary (WHO.IC/W.r 6) Annex

2. Stock-taking of Facilities for the Location of Headquartersin Paris and in Geneva RespectivelySee also : (a) Proposed Agreement between the Swiss

Federal Council and the World HealthOrganization

(b) Letter from the Swiss Federal Councilwith regard to the Proposed Agreementbetween the Swiss Federal Council andthe World Health Organization . . . . (WHO.IC/W.I4)

(c) Draft Agreement between UNESCOand the French Government (WHO.IC/W.6)

12.

(WHO.IC/W.4) Annex 15a.

(WHO.IC/W.5) Annex 15b.

3. Relationships between the World Health Organization andthe United Nations : Present Position and State ofNegotiation of Agreements :(a) Administrative Agreement between the United-

Nations and the Interim Commission onCo-operation during the Second Session ofthe Interim Commission

(b) Draft Master Agreement between the United Na-tions and the World Health Organization :Annex : Explanatory Note on the DraftMaster Agreement

(c) Collaboration between the Division of PublicInformation of the United Nations and theWorld Health Organization

Annex r 5d.

Annex r5c.

(WHO.IC/W.I7) Annex 13.

(WH O. IC/W. r 8) Annex 23a.

(WHO.IC/W.21) Annex 25a.

- 71 - ANNEXES II b, 12

4. Transfer to the World Health Organization of the HealthFunctions of Other International Agencies : League ofNations, UNRRA, Office International d'Hygigne Publi-que :

League of NationsUNRRATelegram from the Director-General of UNRRA.

(WHOJC/W.i r)(WHO. I C/W.13)

(WHO.IC/W.24)

Annex 19.

Annex 22a.Annex 22b.

5. Present State of Negotiations with the Pan American Sani-tary Bureau (WHO.IC/W.19) Annex 21a.

6. Principles of Co-operation between the World Health Or-ganization and Other Specialized Agencies and State ofNegotiations with Them (WHO.IC/W,8) Annex 17.

7. Principles of Co-operation between the World Health Or-ganization and International and National Organizationsinterested in Health (WHO.IC/W.io) Annex 18.

8. Appointment of Technical Committees (WHO.IC/W.12) Annex 32a.(a) Principles of Procedure for Appointments.(b) Appointment of Committees on :

(I) Epidemiology and Quarantine (Revision ofInternational Sanitary Conventions) ;

(2) Health in Devastated Areas ;(3) Medical Nomenclature (Preparation of the

Sixth Decennial Revision of the Interna-tional Lists).

(c) Consideration of the Setting-up of OtherCommittees (on Medical Education, etc.).

9. Appointment of an Expert Committee on Narcotic Drugs. . (cf. WHO.IC/W.8) Annex 33.

o. Administrative Questions and Publications.Finances : Draft Provisional Financial Regulations . . (WHO.IC/W.9) Annex 29a.

Payment of Expenses of Commission andCommittee Members in connection withMeetings (WHO.IC/W.I5) Annex 28a.

Report of Committee on Administration andFinance on the First Session (WHO.IC/AF/r) Annex 3ia.

Note on the Financial Situation (WHO.IC/W.2o) Annex 3oa.Staff : See Report of the Executive Secretary (WHO. IC/W. 6) Annex 12.

r r. Miscellaneous Items.12. Election of a Vice-President.

Annex 12. WHO.IC/W.I6.12-28 October 1946.

REPORT OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY TO THE INTERIM COMMISSION AT ITSSECOND SESSION

Summary.

I. Budget.II. Setting-up of an Independent Secretariat.

III. Co-operation with the FAO.IV. Seat of the Organization.V. World Medical Association.

VI. Transfer of the League of Nations Health Activities.VII. Preparation of the Second Session.

VIII. Membership.IX. Recruitment of Staff.X. Co-operation with the United Nations regarding Staff.

XI. Finance.XII. Temporary Administrative Arrangements.

XIII. Preparation of a Draft Master Agreement between the WHO and the United Nations.

ANNEX 12 -72

XIV. Subsidiary Agreements with the United Nations.XV. Co-operation with the United Nations regarding Public Information.

XVI. Transfer of the Health Functions of UNRRA.

I. Budget.

On 22 and 23 July 1946, the Internal Com-mittee on Administration and Finance met inNew York under the chairmanship of Dr. vanden Berg. This Committee tudied in detail thebudgetary proposal for the latter part of 1946and for 1947, which had been laid before theCommission. It approved the broad lines of thisbudget-and its totals of $300,000 for the end of1946 and $1,000,000 for 1947. It decided that,when necessary, transfers from one budgetaryitem to another could be effected so as not tolimit the activities of the Organization duringthe initial stages by too rigid a budgetaryframework. The Committee approved the futureengagement of officials now employed byUNRRA's Health Division and by the OfficeInternational d'HygUne Publique, to facili-tate the earliest possible merger of theseservices with the WHO. The report of the Com-mittee is given in document WHOJC/AF/r,Annex 3za.

II. Setting-up of an Independent Secretariat.

After the end of the first session, the InterimCommission Secretariat set itself up on anindependent basis. It arranged with the Se-cretary-General of the United Nations for theimmediate loan of staff from the Health Divisionof the Department of Social Affairs and formethods of putting his promise of 11 July, thatof financing the Interim Commission, intoeffect. Before a separate banking and expend-iture account could be satisfactorily set up, itwas necessary to stress the decision taken by theConference and set forth in its Final Acts : thatthe World Health Organization and its InterimCommission were entitled to the privileges of aspecialized agency, not merely to those of adivision of the Department of Social Affairs.After a few initial and quite understandabledifficulties, the matter was made clear to allparties concerned.

One of the tangible signs of independence ofthe Interim Commission was the provisionalestablishment of its Secretariat in the roomsoffered by the New York Academy of Medicineat 2 East r 03rd Street, New York. The transferfrom Hunter College to the Academy took placeon 14 August. By making this arrangement,the Interim Commission avoided the confusionand interruption of work which participation inthe transfer of the United Nations Secretariatfrom Hunter College to the Sperry Plant at LakeSuccess, Long Island, would have entailed.The installation of a huge organization in anunfinished building was an obvious cause ofdifficulties, apart from the loss of time involvedfor staff by the distance of the plant from NewYork. In any case, the space which was allotted

to the Interim Commission at Lake Successwould have been too small to accommodateit properly.

On 14 August, both the Executive Secretaryand the Deputy Executive Secretary left formuch-needed holidays.

III. Co-operation with the FAO.

On 4 September, Dr. Biraud, the DeputyExecutive Secretary, was asked to interrupt hisholiday to attend the FAO Conference inCopenhagen, in order to represent the WorldHealth Organization after the departure ofDr. Evang, who had attended the first partof the Conference as observer for the WHO.Dr. Biraud attended the meeting of the Nutri-tion Committee of the Conference and, at itsChairman's request, sketched principles andplans of co-operation between the FAO and theWHO in the field of nutrition. These iriews arepresented in a document on co-operation withintergovernmental' agencies (document WHO.IC/W.8, Annex zr).

IV. Seat of the Organization.

From Copenhagen, Dr. Biraud proceeded toGeneva, where he was joined on 16 Septemberby the Executive Secretary. Preliminarycontacts were made with Mr. Moderow, personalrepresentative of the Secretary-General of theUnited Nations in Switzerland, and Mr. Evans,in charge of transfer of League staff and proper-ties. They particularly discussed the transferto the Interim Commission of the League ofNations Health Section staff, which had beenturned over to the United Nations on r Sep-tember, its work, however, remaining un-interrupted. They also studied possibilities ofestablishing both the interim and permanentSecretariat of the World Health Organization inthe Palais des Nations, and this subject is dealtwith in document WHO.IC/W.4, Annex z5a,relating to the seat of the World Health Organiz-ation.

On 18 and 19 September, they met a com-mittee of representatives of the Swiss Fed-eral and Genevese authorities, which discusseda draft agreement indicating the privileges,immunities, guarantees and facilities of allkinds which the World Health Organizationmight enjoy if it established itself in Switzerland.Dr. Biraud's experience in the health work of theLeague and his knowledge of the actual needsof an international health organization and itsstaff, both in peace and in war time, greatlyfacilitated the discussions. The Swiss authoritiesshowed the utmost willingness to meet requests,and made provisions for hotel accommodations inGeneva for members of the Interim Commissionin November (cf. letter from the Swiss Federal

- 73 - ANNEX 12

Council, reproduced in document WHO.IC/W.14,Annex 15d).

In Paris, on 23 September, the ExecutiveSecretary and his Deputy attended a similarmeeting with the French authorities at theQuai d'Orsay, where they discussed facilitieswhich the French Government would be willingto give to the World Health Organization if itsettled in Paris. It promised to the WHO thesame privileges and immunities which it wasgiving to UNESCO.

On behalf of the French authorities, Dr. Le-clainche showed to the Executive and DeputyExecutive Secretary some estates which mightbe acquired by the French Government, fittedto the needs of the World Health Organization,and paid for on a rental-purchase basis. Dr.J uli an Huxley, Executive Secretary of thePreparatory Commission of UNESCO, invited

-them to inspect the UNESCO House (HotelMajestic), of which one or two stories, comprisingeighty-five rooms each, might be rented to theWorld Health Organization for a year or more.These possibilities are alluded to in documentWHO.IC/W.4, Annex isa.

V. World Medical- Association.

On 25 September, the Executive Secretaryfiew to London to attend the Conference of theformer " Association internationale profession-nelle des Médecins", an association compósedof a number of national medical associations,which transformed itself into the World MedicalAssociation. It was necessary to allay the fearsexpressed in certain quarters regarding analleged intention of the World Health Organiz-ation to press programmes of State Medicineon to various countries. Finally, the Conferencepassed a resolution recommending co-operationbetween the WMA and the WHO.

The Deputy Executive Secretary reachedNew York on 27 September, and the ExecutiveSecretary on 3 October. During their absenceMr. Z. Deutschman had acted as the head of theInterim Secretariat, assisted on a part-timebasis by Mr. W. R. Sharp.

VI. Transfer of the League of Nations HealthActivities.

On r October, Professor Laugier, AssistantSecretary-General in charge of Social Affairs ofthe United Nations, consented to the transfer tothe World Health Organization of the staff ofthe former League of Nations Health Section.Mr. Trygve Lie telegraphed instructions tothat effect to Mr. Moderow, and the transferwas legally effected as from 16 October. Thisgave the World Health Organization the benefitof the services of Dr. R. Gautier, who for thepast twenty-one years had been engaged in

international health work, particularly in thestandardization of biological products ; and alsoof the nucleus of the League's EpidemiologicalIntelligence Service, which was continuingto publish the Weekly Epidemiological Record.This transfer and Professor Laugier's decisionto curtail the activities of the Health Divisionof the Department of Social Affairs, now to bea Health Liaison Section, in order to avoidduplication with the World Health Organization,partly resulted from the resolution passed bythe Economic and Social Council on 17 Sep-tember 1946 (see document WHO.IC/W.rAnnex 19)

This resolution was instigated by Dr. AndrijaStampar, in his dual capacity. of Chairman of theInterim Commission and President of the Econo-mic and Social Council. The Commission wasparticularly fortunate in having its intereststhus represented within the Council.

VII. Preparation of the Second Session.

The month of October was largely devoted tothe preparation of documentation for thesecond session of the Commission. The materialarrangements were complicated by a requestmade by the Chairman in which he and twoother members asked to have the session post-poned. In addition, the arrangements made inGeneva were jeopardized by a warning from theSecretary-General of the United Nations tothe effect that the United Nations building andservices would not be available in Switzerland,pending the satisfactory settlement of politicalnegotiations between the United Nations andthe Swiss Government.

It was only after having been assured (on roOctober) that facilities in Geneva would beavailable for the session and having consultedthe members of the Commission by cable asto the date which they preferred, that theSecretariat could finally issue the invitationsand agenda on 14 October. It is hoped that,in view of the prevailing difficulties in makingtravel and hotel reservations, the Commissionwill be able to decide definitively on theplace and date for its meetings in the future.

VIII. Membership.

Another difficulty with which the Secretariatwas confronted was caused by the uncertainmembership of the Commission. In a circularsent out by the Secretary-General of the UnitedNations on r r September, the paragraph on" membership " in the Arrangement establish-ing the Interim Commission was brought to theattention of the eighteen Governments to berepresented on it.

However, only one-third of these Govern-ments notified the Secretariat of the names oftheir delegates. For the remaining countries,then, it was necessary to consider provisionallythat their official representatives at the Inter-national Health Conference who had attendedthe first session of the Interim Commission

ANNEX 12 - .74 -

would again represent their Governments atits second session. Lacking a definite list ofmembers, however, the Secretariat could notconsult the Commission on the appointment ofmembers of the Committee on Epidemiologyand Quarantine, and, therefore, on 12 September1946, it had to approach Governments fornominations.

Such a procedure should obviously beavoided, since the Commission itself shouldselect members of its own committees, bothinternal and technical. It is suggested thatappointment of members of the Commissionfor a definite instead of an indeterminate periodwould increase the cohesion and efficiency of theInterim Commission as a policy-making andadministrative body.

IX. Recruitment of Stag.

The work of the Secretariat was complicatedby the small number of its officials who wereacquainted with the policy and the needs of theCommission, thereby being in a position todiscuss matters of vital interest with the UnitedNations, the specialized agencies, and theGovernments of France, Switzerland and theUnited States. Conflicting demands from manyquarters were made upon the time of the existingofficials.

The engagement of additional high-rankingofficials in the Secretariat would not necessarilyrelieve this situation immediately, however,and in any case would be subject to a rathercomplicated procedure with no equivalent inother international administrations.

The staff now includes nineteen officials (of' whom six are professional), from the followingcountries : Canada r ; Costa Rica, r ; Czecho-slovakia, r ; France, 2 ; Poland, r ; Switzerland,5 ; United Kingdom, 3 ; United States ofAmerica, 5. In addition, part-time services oftwo United States citizens have been obtainedfor administrative and legal consultation.

The Secretariat has received a large numberof applications for both professional andsecretarial appointments. With regard tocandidates for several professional posts, theuncertainty about the seat of the Organizationand even of the Interim Commission hasprevented a decision being reached. It is hopedthat the fixing of the place of the interim, if notthe permanent, Secretariat, will speed up theacquisition of new staff and the integration of theLeague, UNRRA and possibly Office services.

While, generally speaking, hurried andindiscriminate enlargement of the staff isundesirable and careful selection must be therule, the process of recruitment will have to beexpedited immediately after the second session.This will be essential for the effective carrying onof the functions which have been or will soon betransferred to the World Health Organization.

X. Co-operation with the United Nations regard-ing Stall.

Although the Executive Secretary wasinstructed by the Committee on Administrationand Finance to prepare draft Staff Regulationsfor approval by the Commission, this wasbelieved to be an unduly complicated and un-necessary undertaking at_ this stage, because oftwo facts : Set) the complex, fluctuating anduncodifiéd character of United Nations staffrules and regulations, and (b) the uncertaintyas to the location of the headquarters of theCommission. As far as the United Nationsregulations, including salary scales, were applic-able to the present staff situation of the Com-mission, they have been followed, and contractswith new appointees are substantially inconformance with United Nations contracts forcomparable positions.

Meanwhile, informal arrangements have beenmade for the interchange of information andthe development of closer co-operation onquestions of personnel between the UnitedNations and the specialized agencies. To makethese arrangements, three conferences wereheld at Lake Success in August, September andOctober, in all of which the Interim Commissionstaff participated. An Advisory Wage andSalary Co-ordination Committee was set up,with Mr. Sharp as the Commission's represent-ative thereon. Plans are under way for (a) thepooling of information on applications for typesof positions common to several agencies and for(b) the joint use of field recruitment machineryas it is established, whether by the UnitedNations or by any of the specialized agencies.Studies of the factors affecting salary rates forGeneva and Paris, in relation to New York, arenow being initiated, with Interim Commissionparticipation.

In connexion with all these co-operativearrangements, the principle of agency autonomyin the selection of staff has been and will continueto be observed.

XI. Finance.

The Commission has worked out accept-able arrangements with the Bureau of theController of the United Nations for Mr. RobertBoxeur, Chief of its Payroll Section, to handlethe disbursement of and accounting for fundsallocated to the Commission.

Statements of actual expenditures and com-mitments up to 31 October and of estimatedexpenditures to 31 December 1946 are present-ed in Appendix C of document WHO.IC/W.2o,Annex 3o .

With regard to the development of continuingbudgetary and accounting procedures, theCommission was fortunate in having been ableto engage the services of Mr. P. G. Wattersonas consultant for a brief period. Mr. Wat-terson was formerly Chief Accountant of

- 75 - ANNEX 12

the League of Nations and has recently beenappointed Budget Officer for the FAO. Largelyon the basis of his recommendations, draftProvisional Financial Regulations for the In-terim Commission were prepared by Mr.Sharp (document WHO.IC/W.9, Annex 29a),for consideration by the Commission. Theproposed Regulations have been articulatedas closely as possible with the current proceduresof the United Nations. It is believed thatprovisions of this draft are sufficiently flexibleto permit of easy adaptation to the changingcircumstances of the work of the Commissionand eventually to the requirements of theWorld Health Organization.

In paragraph XV, allusion is made to thetransfer of UNRRA's health functions to theInterim Commission. Mr. March, Director ofPersonnel of UNRRA, suggested that Mr. Ho-well, the UNRRA Financial Controller, mightorganize the financial control, not only of thework transferred from UNRRA, but also of theother activities of the Interim Commissionduring the transitional period, until the Com-mission has fully taken over.

XII. Temporary Administrative Arrangements.

An administrative agreement with the UnitedNations covering arrangements for the secondsession of the Interim Commission in Genevawas concluded on 22 October 1946 betweenthe Executive Secretary and the AssistantSecretary-General in charge of Conferences andGeneral Services (document WHO.IC/W.17,Annex 13). It is to be noted that the provisionsof this agreement relative to the use of UnitedNations buildings, office equipment, travelservice, and certain categories of personnel,while immediately applicable during the periodending 15 November, would also be applicablemutatis mutandis after that date, to the per-sonnel of the Epidemiological IntelligenceService and to the other staff of the InterimCommission, in the event that the Commissionshould decide to transfer its administrativeheadquarters to Geneva.

XIII. Preparation of a Draft Master A greementbetween the World Health Organization and theUnited Nations.

In pursuance of paragraph 2 (c) of the Ar-rangement, instructing the Interim Commission" to enter into negotiations with the UnitedNations with a view to the preparation of anagreement or agreements as contemplated inArticle 57 of the Charter of the United Nationsand in Article 69 of the Constitution ", thefirst draft of a master agreement, preparedby Mr. Sharp, is submitted to the Commissionfor its consideration, in document WHO.IC/W.18, Annex 23a.

This draft corresponds substantially in formand content to the 'texts of the draft agreementsrecently approved by the Economic and SocialCouncil for submission to the General Assem-bly-those with the ILO, the FAO, UNESCO

and PICAO. Certain minor alterations andadditions were inserted in the draft preparedfor the WHO, with a view to meeting the specialsituation of this Organization. The explanatorynote annexed to the draft indicates the chiefpoints of difference between the proposed WHOagreement and the agreements already conclud-ed with other specialized agencies.

XIV. Subsidiary A greements with the UnitedNations.

Under the provisions of the proposed masteragreement, it will be possible to work outsubsidiary accords with the United Nations, ascircumstances warrant, on specific matters-e.g.,budgetary arrangements, handling of publicinformation, registration of documents, termsof employment of personnel, etc.

Attention is invited to the following Resolu-tion adopted by the Economic and SocialCouncil on 3 October 1946 :

" The Economic and Social Council directsthe Secretary-General to initiate as soon aspossible conversations with the Interim Com-Mission of the World Health Organizationfor the purpose of preparing an agreement tobe negotiated at an early session of theEconomic and Social Council. "

In this connexion, the Executive Secretarydid not think it advisable to initiate conversa-tions with the United Nations officials untilafter the Commission itself had been ableto discuss the problem " within the family "and to indicate its views.

The Commission may wish to consider theappointment of a small committee to undertakenegotiations with the appropriate committee ofthe Economic and Social Council, at an earlydate, in accordance with the procedure alreadyfollowed by the Council with respect to otherspecialized agencies.

XV. Co-operation with the United Nations regard-ing Public Information.

Preliminary steps have already been taken toprepare a draft agreement for co-operation withthe United Nations in the field of public inform-ation. In October, Mr. Deutschman attendedthe meetings of the provisional secretariatcommittees on this question. A note on thepresent situation in this respect is issued asdocument WHO.IC/21, Annex 25a.

XVI. Transfer of the Health Functions of

UNRRA.

Dr. Sawyer, Director of the Health Divisionof UNRRA, approached the Executive Secre-tary with a view to making definite arrange-ments for an early transfer to the InterimCoMmission of the epidemiological functions

ANNEXES - 12, 13 - 76 -

of UNRRA, under the existing InternationalSanitary Conventions, as provided by article2 (t) of the Arrangement of 22 July. The Execu-tive Secretary officially informed UNRRA thathe was in a position to undertake these functionsas from r December.

Also, the transfer of other health functionsof UNRRA was discussed with Mr. La Guardia,Director-General of UNRRA. After three meet-ings, on ir, 17 and 22 October, attended byDr. Stampar, Dr. Sze and Dr. Hyde ; bythe Executive Secretary and his Deputy ; byMr. La Guardia, Dr. Sawyer and Mr. Davidson,of UNRRA ; and also by observers from theUnited Nations, Mr. Stanczyk and Mr. PerezGuerrero, a draft agreement was signed on22 October for the transfer of specified field

-

health activities of UNRRA, together with thenecessary funds, to the Interim Commission.

The Commission is thus in a position todecide which of these activities it is willing toundertake and to accept the correspondingfinancial grants. The importance of this decisionfrom the moral, the administrative and financialstandpoints need not be emphasized. If accep-ted by the Commission, the new tasks will haveto be carried out as from the end of 1946(see documents WHO.IC/W.r 3 and WHO.IC/W.24, Annex aaa and b).

Conversations have also taken place on theSecretariat level to ensure the actual transferof the technical and administrative staff withinthe specified time.

Annex 13. WHO.IC/W.17.22 October 1946.

ADMINISTRATIVE AGREEMENT BETW EEN THE UNITED NATIONS ANDTHE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION INTERIM COMMISSION ON CO-OPERATION

FOR THE SECOND SESSION OF THE INTERIM COMMISSION(Geneva, 4-10 November 1946.)

The following are the general lines of anadministrative agreement arrived at by Dr.A. Pelt, Assistant Secretary-General of theUnited Nations Department of Conference andGeneral Services on the one hand, and Dr.Brock Chisholm, Executive Secretary of theInterim Commission of the, World HealthOrganization on the other :

1. The United Nations is prepared to placeat the disposal of the Interim Commissionwithout cost the buildings and office space inGeneva required for the second session, begin-ning on 4 November. The above applies toformer League buildings taken over by theUnited Nations.

2. House and maintenance personnel of theUnited Nations will be placed at the disposal ofthe Interim Commission for the purpose of theabove-mentioned session, as far as they can bemade available without detriment to the per-formance of their normal duties.

The travel service of the United Nations inGeneva will be placed at the disposal of theInterim Commission, for the second session,without detriment to the performance of itsnormal duties. Such service will includehotel accommodation as well as transportfacilities (priorities, ticket reservations, etc.).

The Interim Commission will be charged withexpenditures in this connexion, at a rate to befixed on the spot.

3. Other personnel, such as clerical andsecretarial staff, interpreters, etc., will not be

furnished, as a rule, by the United Nations.However, the United Nations is ready to helpthe Interim Commission to recruit such per-sonnel, in so far as such help will not interferewith the United Nations' programme of work.Any expense incurred by the United Nations inthis respect will be charged to the InterimCommission.

4. Typewriters, roneo machines and otheroffice machinery and furniture available inGeneva and belonging to the United Nationswill be put at the disposal of the Interim Com-mission ,without cost, it being understood,however, that the Commission will defray thecost of repairs, reconditioning and cleaningarising out of use in connexion with the session,and will replace any lost equipment or equip-ment which because of damage loses its use-fulness.

5. All cable, mail and telephone expenditureswill be charged to the Interim Cdmmission.The same applies to additional cost for lighting,heating and air conditioning, if air-conditionedrooms are used by the Commission.

6. The Interim Commission also undertakesto pay any operating cost for office machineryplaced at its disposal under Paragraph 4. Itundertakes to pay for personnel lent by theUnited Nations for the purpose of the session,when additional personnel, other than personnelreferred to in paragraph 2, are required and are,by exception, placed at the disposal of the

- 77 - ANNEXES 13, 14

Interim Commission without detriment to theperformance of their normal duties.

7. All expenses incurred by the UnitedNations on behalf of the Interim Commission inaccordance with the terms stated above will'bebilled for payment in United States dollars atthe rate of exchange in effect on 4 November.

8. The Interim Commission will provide inparticular for its own finance officer and ma-chinery for liaison with the representative ofthe Secretary-General in Geneva. If need be,the United Nations finance officer may, in sofar as it is not detrimental to his normal duties,give guidance to the finance officer of theInterim Commission.

9. All matters concerning officials of theLeague of Nations who are still working in theUnited Nations buildings in Geneva at the timeof the meeting of the Interim Commission willbe settled, if so required, directly between Mr.Lester, Secretary-General of the League, or hisduly authorized representative on the onehand, and the Interim Commission on theother.

Detailed regulations with regard to thetransfer of equipment, billing and the appli-cation of the present agreement will be drawnup in Geneva between the representativeof the Secretary-General and the InterimCommission. Similarly, a protocol will besigned by the representatives of both organiz-

ations at the end of the session, establishingby mutual accord the condition of the equip-ment, etc., to be returned to the United Nations,and detailing the liabilities of the InterimCommission actually incurred.

1. In so far as applicable, and pending adecision regarding an agreement concerning theestablishment in Geneva of Interim Commissionoffices, the provisions contained in the presentagreement may be extended by mutual consentafter the end of the session. However, as from15 November, rent for office space and thecorresponding cost of upkeep of the buildingswill be charged to the Interim Commission.The amount of this rent will be determined onthe spot, in accordance with the space occupiedin the buildings and the actual cost of servicesand upkeep.

(Signed)

For the United Nations : for Mr. A. Pelt,Assistant Secretary-General in chargeof the Department of Conference andGeneral Services, E. RANSHOFEN-WERTHEIMER, Chief, Overseas OfficeDivision.

For the WHO : Dr. BROCK CHISHOLM, Exe-cutive Secretary, Interim Com-mission.

Lake Success, 22 October 1946.

Annex 14.

STAFF REGULATIONS

WHO.IC/AF/W.4.8 November 1946.

RESOLUTION 1 REGARDING PROVISIONAL STAFF REGULATIONS

(Submitted by the drafting Sub-Committee of the Committee on Administration and Finance.)

The Interim Commission approves of therecommendation of the Executive Secretarythat the Staff Regulations of the United Nationsas amended from time to time shall govern theconditions of employment of the staff of the

This resolution was adopted by the Committee on Administrationand Finance (see page44) and referred to in its report, which was adoptedby the Commission (see Annex 31b).

Interim Commission, in so far as these areapplicable.

In applying these Regulations, the ExecutiveSecretary will take into account that the con-ditions of employment should permit theDirector-General of the World Health Organi-zation to review, within a reasonably short timeafter taking office, the continued employmentby the Organization of such staff.

ANNEX 15 a - 78 -

Annex 15.

HEADQUARTERS OF THE WHO

WHO.IC/W.4.15 October 1946.

a. LOCATION OF HEADQUARTERS OF THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION(Note by the Secretariat.)

The Arrangement concluded by the Govern-ments represented at the International HealthConference, establishing the Interim Commissionof the World Health Organization, entrusted thatCommission (2 (ii)) with the task of making" studies regarding location of headquarters ofthe Organization ".

During the few weeks following the Inter-national Health Conference, the Secretariat ofthe Interim Commission functioned at HunterCollege in the rooms of the United NationsHealth Division of the Department of SocialAffairs. The transfer of the United Nations,during the month of August, to the Sperry Plantat Lake Success, L.I., where the availablerooms were too few in number to ensure anefficient working of the Secretariat, made itnecessary to look for quarters elsewhere. Afterthe United Nations housing officers had triedin vain to provide satisfactory quarters, hospital-ity was requested of the New York Academy ofMedicine, 2, East I03rd Street, whose President,Dr. G. Baehr, had kindly offered the Academybuilding for the use of the International HealthConference. The Academy had the advantageof having a central location in New York,a library and other technical facilities. A suiteof rooms was accordingly rented from theAcademy as from 15 August ; this avoided theinterruption which would have been necessaryif quarters had been transported to LakeSuccess.

The transfer of the League of Nations healthfunctions entailed also the use of offices aswell as staff in the Palais des Nations at Geneva,as from 15 October.

Considerations relating to ProvisionalHeadquarters.

The Interim Secretariat is faced with theproblem not only of making proposals to theWorld Health Organization for headquartersfor the Organization in its final state, but alsoof carrying on its immediate duties. Amongthese, the continuation of the League of Nationsepidemiological functions, the merger of theEpidemiological Information Service of UNRRAand possibly of the Notification Service of theOffice International d'HygUne Publique, require

the maintenance of an office in Europe. Theavailability of offices in the Palais des Nationswith all attendant library and other facilities,suggests that these should be used as the seat ofthe epidemiological centre of the InterimCommission. As the work of absorption ofUNRRA and the " Office " lies chiefly in Europe,it would seem expedient also to concentrate thegreater part of the administrative staff in thesame building and to leave a mere branchoffice in the New York Academy of Medicine.

It will be recalled that, when drafting theCharter of the World Health Organization, theInternational Health Conference did not includethe name of any city as the headquarters, inorder to make it possible for the World HealthAssembly to select and possibly change theseat, in taking into account the general worldsituation and the geographical distribution ofRegional Offices. Although no formal vote wastaken at the Conference on the selection of aseat, an overwhelming majority of delegationsexpressed themselves in favour of Europe 1 :

eight for Paris, eight for Geneva, one for London,one for Copenhagen. Therefore, the Secretariatfelt itself under obligation to study particularlythe facilities existing in Paris and Geneva forthe establishment of the headquarters of theWorld Health Organization. In both Genevaand Paris the Executive Secretary and hisDeputy made a detailed preliminary enquiryas to :

(1) The privileges and immunities which theGovernments would be willing to grantto the Organization ;

The buildings available to the Secre-tariat ;

(2)

(3) The housing accommodation ; and

(4) The technical and scientific facilities.

Facilities in Geneva.

(i) Privileges and Immunities. - The SwissAuthorities set up a Negotiating Committee todeal with the representatives of the InterimCommission, composed of :

Dr. Arnold SAUTER, Assistant Director of theFederal Department of Public Health ;

1 Revised to read : " an overwhelming majority of the delegationswhich expressed an opinion were in favour of Europe ".

- 79 - ANNEX 15 a

M. Henri THAVENAZ, Secretary of Legationin the Federal Political Department ;

Professor Edmond GRASSET, Director of theInstitute of Hygiene, Geneva ; and

M. Paul HUBER, Secretary of the FinanceDepartment of the Canton of Geneva.

Discussions took place on 18 and 19 Septem-ber, when a Draft Agreement was signed. TheNegotiations Committee had before it the DraftAgreement between the Swiss Governmentand the United Nations, but it preferred to takeas a basis of negotiations the Agreement recentlysigned between the Swiss Government and theInternational Labour Organization, since thelatter was more favourable to the internationalorganization and more detailed, taking intoaccount both the peace- and war-time experienceof international institutions in Geneva. Mutatismutandis, the Swiss Authorities were willing toextend the same facilities to the WHO as tothe ILO. In addition, they would give completeimmunities and financial facilities to any fundadministered under the auspices of the WHO, inorder to. implement its aims. It was agreed thaton several points, such as import facilities forpersonnel and entrance facilities for theirfamilies, the Agreement would be supplementedby an exchange of letters providing for greaterfacilities, when the Director-General of theWHO might request such a supplementation.

The Draft Agreement with the Swiss FederalCouncil is reproduced in document WHO.IC/W.5, Annex 25b. It can be considered aseminently satisfactory from the point of view ofthe WHO. The Swiss Government is willing toextend to the Interim Commission the fullprivileges envisaged in the Agreement with theWHO itself, if the interim seat is placed inGeneva.

(2) Office buildings. - Mr. Moderow, per-sonal representative of the Secretary-Generalof the United Nations in Switzerland, and Mr.Evans, Assistant Director in charge of transferof League activities, stated that the UnitedNations would welcome the establishment of theWHO Secretariat in the Palais des Nations. Inaddition to providing the General Services of theUnited Nations in Europe (Conference Services,Interpreters, Translators, Précis-Writers, Tele-graphic, Multigraphing and Printing Services,Library), the Palais, which is in a perfect stateof preservation, could well accommodate theWorld Health Organization, with a develop-ment of from 200 tO 300 officials, as well asanother specialized agency of the same size,such as the FAO. The United Nations has nointention of making a profit on the presence ofspecialized agencies in the building. Theseagencies would merely be expected to pay theirshare of the upkeep and of actual servicesrendered. The offices are spacious and con-

veniently disposed ; they are provided withfurniture and the office equipment desired(telephone, typewriters, computing machines,heating, etc.). There would therefore be noexpense incurred for material installation.

While there was no indication that theUnited Nations might transfer its general head-quarters to Geneva, this contingency had to beconsidered, as, obviously, there would be noroom in the Palais des Nations for the WHOif this transfer 'should take place. The SwissAuthorities said that in that case they would be

to place at the disposal of the WHO aformer dietary clinic of eighty beds, in thegrounds of which the needed extensions mightbe built.

(3) Housing. - While normally, before thewar, construction in Geneva was very activeand there was a surplus of empty dwellings offrom 3,000 to 7,000 (for a population of 135,000),the influx from many countries of Europe withinthe last eight months has filled hotels and avail-able dwellings. However, hotels are being recon-verted to their former use, and the State ofGeneva has just passed a law for subsidizing theconstruction of buildings. The Geneva Authoritieswould be willing to give priority of occupationof the subsidized dwellings to internationalofficials. From 1,zoo to 3,000 dwellings areexpected to be built within a year.

Although a number of foodstuffs are stillrationed, the rations are ample and the livingconditions quite satisfactory, generally speaking.International officials are entitled, moreover, asmembers of the diplomatic corps, to a certainnumber of extra ration cards.

(4) Technical Facilities. - Professor Grasset,of the Geneva University Institute of Hygiene,placed the laboratory facilities of this Instituteat the disposal of the WHO. Committeemembers, delegates and staff would also benefitfrom the fact that Professor Grasset is incharge of international quarantine affairs inGeneva, including the various forms of vaccin-ation required by international Conventions.

The Rockefeller Library contains a sectiondevoted to health, rich in Government publi-cations. There are also a local Faculty ofMedicine and a University Library.

The presence in Geneva of the greater part ofthe staff of the International Labour Office, withwhich co-operation will be needed in the field ofindustrial hygiene and social insurance, etc.,the possibility of the establishment there ofeither the headquarters of the FAO or at anyrate its regional bureau for Europe, the loca-

ANNEX. 55 a 8o -_ .

tion of the International Red Cross Committeeand of a large number of semi-official organi-zations would be of distinct value to the workof the WHO. The holding of United Nationstechnical conferences of all kinds in the Palaiswould also provide useful contacts.

Geneva has very good rail connections and anairport connected with most capitals of Europewithin a few hours (Copenhagen, 5 hours ;London, 3 hours ; Paris, 2 hours ; etc.).

Facilities in Paris.

On 23 September, the Executive Secretaryand his Deputy attended a meeting in Paris ofa negotiating Committee set up by the FrenchGovernment. Dr. Xavier Leclainche, AlternateMember of the Interim Commission, repre-senting the French Ministry of Public Health,was one of the Members of this Committee.

(5) Privileges and Immunities. - TheFrench Government offered to the WHO thesame privileges and immunities granted toUNESCO (see document WHO.IC/W.6, Annex15c).

(2) Office Buildings. - At the time of theInternational Health Conference, the FrenchGovernment offered to fit up at its ownexpense the H6tel de la Vaupallière, rue Mati-gnon, close to the Elysée, for the use of theWHO. On inspection, the building revealeditself to be unsuitable, as it was obvious thateviction of tenants prior to destruction andrebuilding would delay the installation foryears.

A visit to the estate of the Baron de Roth-schild at La Muette, close to the Bois de Bou-logne, proved far more satisfactory. The build-ing, finished some twenty years ago, couldaccommodate x5o officials ; it possesses largerooms for conferences, committees, library, etc.Large kitchens would make it possible to caterfor the staff during the present period of foodrestrictions, and the grounds around the build-ing would make the erection of a large buildingeasy. The French Government would be willingto advance the funds for such construction,which could be eventually repaid by instalmentsover a number of years. The WHO would beexpected to pay rent, the amount of whichcannot yet be ascertained.

The French authorities likewise stressed theavailability of several similar large estates inParis, which might be suitable.

There was also the possibility of the temporaryuse of part of UNESCO House (Hotel Majestic),near thes Etoile ; this point was raised bythe French Authorities and by Dr. JulianHuxley, Executive Secretary of UNESCO.One, or possibly two, floors containing eighty-five rooms each could be rented from UNESCOfor a year or two-i.e., until the WHO wouldhave had time to adapt or build another buildingfor its use and until the UNESCO staff haddeveloped sufficiently to occupy the whole ofUNESCO House. UNESCO would expect theWHO to pay its share of the rent of the buildingto the French Government. The rent of onefloor and the use of material facilities wouldprobably cost three million French francs-i.e.,$25,000 a year (unofficial figure).

(3) Housing. - The housing shortage isvery acute in Paris, and hotel accommodationis not easy to obtain, although the situation isgradually improving. Private apartments arepractically unobtainable without Governmentaid. The Government would be willing to giveinternational officials priority of occupationin requisitioned buildings. The number of suchbuildings is, however, small, and the housing ofthe staff would undoubtedly be a serious prob-lem.

The food situation is improving, especially inrestaurants.

(4) Technical Facilities. - The importanceof Paris as a medical and scientific centre neednot be stressed. Its laboratories, libraries andeasy contact with specialists in all branches ofmedical and other scientific fields would be oneof the greatest arguments for the placing of theseat of the WHO in Paris.

The possibility of direct collaboration withUNESCO would also be of value to the WHO.

The presence of embassies and legationsfrom all countries would be useful, not only fora possible continuation of the notificationsystem formerly carried on by the Office Inter-national d'Hygike Publique, but for the obtain-ing of visas, travelling priorities, etc.

Finally, Paris enjoys far better rail and airconnections than Geneva%

- Si - ANNEX 15 b


b. PROPOSED AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE SWISS FEDERAL COUNCIL AND THE WORLD HEALTHORGANIZATION CONCERNING THE LEGAL STATUS OF THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION IN

SWITZERLAND

Freedom of actionof the WHO.

Personality of theWHO.

Immunities of theWHO.

the immunities known in internationallaw as diplomatic immunities.

THE SWISS FEDERAL COUNCIL,on the one part,

andTHE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION,

on the other,wishing to conclude an agreement toregulate the legal status of the WorldHealth Organization in Switzerland, haveagreed on the following provisions :

Article z.

The Swiss Federal Council guaranteesto the World Health Organization theindependence and freedom of actionbelonging to it as an international insti-iution.

Article 2.

The Swiss Federal Council recognizesthe international personality and legalcapacity in Switzerland of the WorldHealth Organization.

Article 3.

The World Health Organization enjoys

Exterritoriality ofthe grounds andbuildings.

Freedom of meet-ing.

Immunity fromlegal process andimmunity fromother measures.

Article 4.

The Swiss Federal Council recognizesthe exterritoriality of the grounds andbuildings of the Wofld Health Organiz-ation and of all buildings occupied by it inconnection with meetings of the WorldHealth Organization or any other meetingconvened in Switzerland by the WorldHealth Organization.

Article 5.

The Swiss Federal Council recognizesthat the World Health Organization andits members in their relations with theOrganization enjoy absolute freedom ofmeeting, including freedom of discussionand decision.

Article 6.

1. The World Health Organization, itsproperties and assets, wherever they maybe or by whomsoever they may be held,shall enjoy immunity from every form oflegal process except in so far as thisimmunity is formally waived by theDirector-General of the World HealthOrganization or his duly authorizedrepresentative.

2. The property and assets of theWorld Health Organization, whereverthey may be and by whomsoever theymay be held, shall enjoy immunity fromevery measure of perquisition, requisition,

confiscation, expropriation or any otherform of seizure or interference by anypublic authority, whatsoever its nature.

Article 7.

The grounds and buildings of the WorldHealth Organization are inviolable. Noagent of the Swiss public authority mayenter them without the express consent ofthe World Health Organization.

Article 8.

The archives of the World HealthOrganization and all documents belongingto it or in its possession are inviolable.

Article 9.

The export and import of the publica-tions of the World Health Organizationshall not be subject to any restrictivemeasures.

Article _To.

The World Health Organization isexonerated from direct and indirect taxes,federal, cantonal and communal, onbuildings of which it is the owner andwhich are occupied by its services, as wellas on its movable property, it beingunderstood that the World HealthOrganization does not claim exemptionfrom charges corresponding to a servicerendered by a public authority.

Article

1. The World Health Organization mayreceive and hold funds, notes, coins andsecurities of any kind and may dispose ofthem freely both within Switzerland andin its relations with other countries.

2. The present article also appliesto members of the World HealthOrganization in their relations with theOrganization.

Inviolability ofgrounds andbuildings.

Inviolability ofthe archives.

Publications.

Fiscal position ofthe WHO.

Free disposal offunds.

Article 12.

The World Health Organization shall official commu-nications.enjoy for its official communications

treatment not less favourable than thataccorded to diplomatic missions inSwitzerland in respect of :

(a) All priorities for communicationsand transport ;

(b) Postal, telegraphic, radio-telegra-phic, telephonic, radio-telephonicand telephotographic tariffs ; etc.

Article 13.

No censorship shall be applied to theduly authenticated official communica-

Exemption fromcensorship.

ANNEX 15 b - 82 -

Freedom of accessand sojourn.

Immunities of therepresentatives ofMembers and ofthe ExecutiveBoard,

tions of the World Health Organization,whatever the means of communicationemployed.

Article 14.r. The Swiss Authorities shall take

the necessary measures to facilitate theentry into, sojourn in, and departure fromSwiss territory of all persons haVingofficial business with the World HealthOrganization, that is to say :

(a) Representatives of Membe,r States,whatever may be the relaticinsbetween Switzerland and thesaid States ;

(b) Members of the Executive Boardof the World Health Organization,irrespective of nationality ;

(c) Agents and officials of the WorldHealth Organization ;

(d) Other persons, irrespective of na-tionality, summoned by the WorldHealth Organization.

2. Any police regulations tending torestrict the entry of foreigners intoSwitzerland or to regulate the conditionsof their sojourn shall not apply to thepersons covered by the present article.

Article 15.The representatives of the Members of

the World Health Organization and mem-bers of the Executive Board who are inSwitzerland on official business shall enjoythe following privileges and immunities :

(a) Inviolability of the person, place ofresidence and all objects belongingto the person concerned :

(b) Immunity from jurisdiction ;

(e) Fiscal immunity corresponding tothat accorded to diplomatic agentsin accordance with internationalusage as accepted in Switzerland ;

(d) Customs facilities corresponding tothose accorded to diplomatic agentsin accordance with internationalusage as accepted in Switzerland

(e) The right to use cyphers in officialcommunications and to reserve andsend documents and correspond-ence by courier or duly sealeddiplomatic bags ;

Exemption from exchange res-trictions under conditions identicalto those accorded to diplomaticagents of foreign Governments ontemporary mission.

(I)

Article x6.Diplomatic fin- The Director-General of the Worldrnunities of theDirector. - General Health Organization and certain officialsand certain of-ficials, of the categories designated by him and

agreed to by the Swiss Federal Councilshall enjoy the privileges, immunitiesexemptions and facilities granted todiplomatic agents in accordance withinternational law and custom.

Article 17.

All officials of the World Health Or-ganization, irrespective of nationality,shall enjoy the following immunities andfacilities :

(a) Exemption from jurisdiction forall acts performed in the dischargeof their duties ;

(b) Exoneration from all federal, can-tonal and communal taxes onsalaries, emoluments and indem-nities paid to them by the WorldHealth Organization.

Article 18.

Officials of the World Health Organiz-ation who are not of Swiss nationalityshall enjoy the immunities, exemptionsand facilities enumerated in the Arrange-ment for the execution of the presentAgreement.

Article 19.

r. Any pensions fund or providentfund conducted under the authority ofthe World Health Organization shall enjoylegal capacity in Switzerland, if it sorequests, and shall enjoy the sameexemptions, immunities and privileges asthe Organization itself.

2. Funds and -foundations with orwithout separate legal status, administer-ed under the auspices of the World HealthOrganization and devoted to its officialobjectives, are given the benefit of thesame exemptions, immunities and privi-leges as the Organization itself, withregard to all other properties except realestate.

Article 20.

In so far as they are not modified by thepresent Agreement, the Modus vivendi andthe supplementary arrangements concludedbetween the Federal Political Departmentand the League of Nations shall continueto apply to the World Health. Organiz-ation.

Article 21.

r. The immunities provided for in thepresent Agreement in respect of officialsof the World Health Organization are notdesigned for the personal benefit of thoseofficials but solely to ensure the freefunctioning of the World Health Organiz-ation and the complete independence ofits agents in all circumstances.

Immunities andfacilities accordedto all officials.

Exemptions andfacilities accordedto officials not ofSwiss nationality.

Pensions Fundetc.

Former arrange-ments.

Object of theimmunities.

83 - ANNEX 15 b

Waiver of im-munity.

Prevention ofabuses.

Disputes of aprivate nature.

Non-responsibi-lity of Switzer-land.

Security of Swit-zerland.

Execution of theAgreement bySwitzerland.

2. The Director-General of the WorldHealth Organization has the right andduty to waive the immunity of any officialin any case in which he considers thatsuch immunity would impede the courseof justice and could be waived withoutprejudice to the interests of the WorldHealth Organization.

Article 22.

The World Health Organization shallco-operate at all times with the SwissAuthorities to facilitate the proper ad-ministration of justice, secure the observ-ance of police regulations and prevent anyabuse in connection with the privileges,immunities and facilities provided for inthis Agreement.

Article 23.

The World Health Organization shallmake provisions for appropriate methodsof settlement of :

(a) disputes arising out of contractsand disputes of a private law'character to which the WorldHealth Organization is a party ;

(b) disputes involving an official of theWorld Health Organization whoby reason of his official positionenjoys immunity, if such immunityhas not been waived by the Di-rector-General.

Article 24.

Switzerland shall not incur by reason ofthe activity of the World Health Or-ganization on its territory any interna-tional responsibility for acts or omissionsof the Organization or of its agents actingor abstaining from acting within thelimits of their functions.

Article 25.

i. Nothing in the present Agreementshall affect the right of the Swiss FederalCouncil to take the precautions necessaryfor the security of Switzerland.

2. If the Swiss Federal Council con-siders it necessary to apply the firstparagraph of this Article, it shall ap-proach the World Health Organizationas rapidly as circumstances allow in orderto determine by mutual agreement themeasures necessary to protect the in-terests of the World Health Organization.

3. The World Health Organization shallcollaborate with the Swiss authorities toavoid any prejudice to the security ofSwitzerland resulting from its activity.

Article 26.

The Federal Political Department isentrusted with the execution by the Swiss

Confederation of this Agreement and theArrangement for its execution.

Article 27.

1. Any divergence of opinion concern-ing the application or interpretation ofthis Agreement of the Arrangement forits execution which has not been settledby direct conversations between theparties may be submitted by either partyto a tribunal of three members, whichshall be established on the coming intoforce of this Agreement.

2. The Swiss Federal Council and theWorld Health Organization shall eachchoose one member of the tribunal.

3. The judges so appointed shallchoose their president.

4. In the event of disagreement be-tween the judges on the choice of president,the president shall be chosen by thePresident of the International Court ofustice at the request of the members of

the tribunal.5. The tribunal may be seized of an

application by either party.6. The tribunal shall determine its

own procedure.

Article 28.

This Agreement shall come into force assoon as it has been approved by the SwissFederal Council and the competent author-ity of the World Health Organization.

Article 29.

1. This Agreement may be revised atthe request of either party.

?. In this event, the two parties shallconsult each other concerning the modi-fications to be made in its provisions.

3. If the negotiations do not resultin an understanding within one year, theAgreement may be denounced by eitherparty giving two years' notice.

Article 30.

The provisions of this Agreement arecompleted by the Arrangement for itsexecution.

PROPOSED ARRANGEMENT FOR THEEXECUTION OF THE AGREEMENT MADEBETWEEN THE SWISS FEDERAL COUNCILAND THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATIONCONCERNING THE LEGAL STATUS OF THE

WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATIONIN SWITZERLAND

Article r.

The World Health Organization enjoyscomplete exemption from customs,statistical and similar duties on all goodsfor its official use, imported or exported

Jurisdiction.

Coming into force.

Modification ofthe Agreement.

Arrangement forexecution.

Customs exemp-tion.

ANNEX 15 b - 84 7--

Import and ex-port of goods.

Social insurance.

Free disposal offunds.

Cyphers, courier,diplomatic bags.

by it, it being understood that objectsimported in franchise may only be sold inSwitzerland under conditions fixed byagreement between the World HealthOrganization and the Swiss FederalCouncil.

Article 2.

The Swiss Federal Council recognizes,so far as it is concerned, that the provi-sions and restrictions on the import andexport of goods are not applicable toobjects for the official use of the WorldHealth Organization and necessary forits work, subject to the provisions ofgeneral international conventions andmeasures of a sanitary character, it beingunderstood that it is for the World HealthOrganization to obtain any consent fromother States which may be necessary tomake this exemption effective.

Article 3.

The World Health Organization isexempt from all compulsory contribu-tions to general social insurance fundssuch as equalization, unemployment insur-ance and workmen's compensation funds,etc., it being understood that the WorldHealth Organization will, so far as possibleand under conditions to be agreed upon,insure with Swiss social insurance funds ,those of its agents who are not assured ofequivalent social protection by the WorldHealth Organization itself.

Article 4.

i. The World Health Organizationmay hold accounts in all currencies.

2. The World Health Organizationmay freely transfer abroad funds, notes,specie and securities.

3. The World Health Organizationmay convert all moneys held by it intoother currencies.

4. The Swiss Federal Council willhave regard to the provisions of thepreceding paragraphs of this article in itsnegotiations with foreign Governmentsconcerning the transfer of funds andgoods.

Article 5.

i. The World Health Organizationmay use cyphers in its communications.

2. The World Health Organization isentitled to use couriers and diplomaticbags under the same conditions as foreignGovernments.

Article 6.

The World Health Organization shallenjoy the preferential tariffs applicableto press communications, in accordancewith the International Telecommunica-tions Convention, for its communicationsaddressed directly or through an inter-mediary to the Press and radio.

Article 7.

r. For the purpose of facilitating theentry into Switzerland of the personsenumerated in Article 14 of the Agree-ment, Swiss legations and consulatesabroad shall be given general instructionsin advance to grant visas on productionof a passport or any equivalent identityand travel document and of a documentsufficient to establish the official relation-ship of the applicant to the World HealthOrganization.

2. Swiss legations and consulates willbe given instructions to grant visas with-out any delay or waiting period and with-out requiring the personal attendance ofthe applicant or the payment of charges.

3. The provisions of Article 14 of theAgreement and of this article shall applyin the same conditions to the wife andchildren of the person concerned if theylive with him and do not exercise pro-fessions.

Article 8.

The Federal -Political Department shallfurnish each official of the World HealthOrganization with an identity card bearingthe photograph of the holder. This card,authenticated by the Federal PoliticalDepartment and the World Health Or-ganization, shall serve to identify theofficial in relation to all federal, cantonaland communal authorities.

Article 9.

Officials of the World Health Organiz-ation who are not of Swiss nationalityshall enjoy the following exemptions andfacilities :

(a) Exemption from allstatistical and import

Customs,duties on

all objects, whether used or new,brought by the official on hisfirst installation or on his return toSwitzerland after a minimumabsence of three years ;

(b) Exemption from exchange restric-tions under conditions identicalwith those accorded to diplomaticagents accredited to the FederalCouncil ;

(c) In the event of international crisis,repatriation facilities for the offi-cials and members of their families,identical with those accorded to

Press communi-cations.

Freedom of accessand sojourn.

Identity card.

Facilities accord-ed to officials notof Swiss national-ity.

- 85 - ANNEX X5 b

Military service.

the members of diplomatic mis-sions accredited to the FederalCouncil ;

(d) Exoneration from federal, cantonaland communal taxes, in accord-ance with the usages establishedfor the non-Swiss personnel ofthe international institutions inGeneva ;

Exemption, on application by theDirector-General of the WorldHealth Organization, from Customsduties on imported motor-cars,it being understood that this faci-lity may not be used more oftenthan once in three years as amaximum and that the Customsduties will be dile, in the event ofthe sale or the disposal of themotor-car, to a person not entitledto this exemption before the expiryof an interval to be determined bycommon agreement between theSwiss Federal Couneil and theWorld Health Organization ;

The Customs examination of lug-gage will, as in the case of theDiplomatic Corps, be limited to thestrict minimum.

(e)

(f)

Article io.

1. The Director-General of the WorldHealth Organization will communicateto the Swiss Federal Council a list of theofficials of Swiss nationality who aresubject to military obligations.

2. The Director-General of the WorldHealth Organization and the Swiss FederalCouncil will draw up by common agree-ment a restricted list of officials of Swissnationality who, on account of theirfunctions, will be accorded dispensationsfrom military service.

3. In the event of the mobilization ofother Swiss officials, the World HealthOrganization may request through theFederal Political Department a post-ponement of call-up or any other appro-priate measures.

Article II.Diplomatic pass- Officials of Swiss nationality, of theports.

categories fixed by common agreement

between the Director-General of theWorld Health Organization and the SwissFederal Council, who travel on officialmission or reside abroad on account oftheir functions shall be entitled to diplo-matic passports issued by the FederalPolitical Department.

Article 12.

1. Capital sums due, by the PensionsFund or any other provident fund, to theagents, officials or employees of the WorldHealth Organization, in any circumstances,including the termination, interruptionor suspension of their services, shall beexempt at the time of payment from allSwiss taxes on capital and income.

2. The same principle shall apply toall indemnities for sickness, accidents, etc.,paid to agents, officials or employees of theWorld Health Organization.

Article 13.

1. The Swiss Federal authorities shallissue special stamps for the use of theWorld Health Organization within thelimits allowed by the Universal PostalConvention.

- 2. The conditions of issue will bedetermined by mutual agreement, on thebasis of arrangements in thaf respectexisting with other international institu-tions established in Geneva.

Pensions Fund,etc.

Postage stamps.

Article 14.

The present Arrangement shall come Coming into force.into force as soon as it hag been approvedby the Swiss Federal Council and theExecutive Council of the World HealthOrganization.

Article 15.

i. This Arrangement may be revised atthe request of either party.

2. In this event the two parties shallconsult each other concerning the modi-fications to be made in the provisions ofthe Arrangement.

3. If the negotiations do not result inan understanding within one year, theArrangement may be denounced by eitherparty giving two years' notice.

Modification ofthe Arrangement.

ANNEX 15 G - 86 -

C. DRAFT AGREEMENT BETWEEN UN

Article 1.

The United Nations Educational, Scientificand Cultural Organization shall possess civilpersonality.

In the accomplishment of its purposes andfunctions it shall enjoy the capacity :

(a) To contract ;(b) To acquire and dispose of immovable and

movable property ;To institute legal proceedings.(c)

Article 2 .

The Organization shall enjoy immunity fromevery form of judicial process.

No proceedings may be instituted against itunless it expressly waives this immunity forthe purpose of any particular proceeding orunless this waiver follows from the terms of acontract.

Article 3.

The premises of the Organization, its archivesand, in general, all documents belonging to itor held by it shall be inviolable.

Nevertheless, the Organization shall notallow the premises to harbour any personagainst whom a warrant for arrest shall havebeen issued by the French authorities.

Article 4.

The property of the Organization shall beimmune from seizure and also from requisition.

Nor may it be the subject of measures ofexpropriation unless in the public interest andafter agreement between the Organization andthe French Government.

Article 5.

Without being restricted by financial controls,regulations or moratoria of any kind, theUnited Nations Educational, Scientific andCultural Organization may receive any sumsand securities of any kind and in any currencyand may freely dispose thereof.

Article 6.

The Organization shall be exempt from alldirect taxes, but shall pay the charges forservices rendered.

The Organization shall be exempt from allduties and taxes imposed by the Customsadministration on articles imported by it forits official use and on the publications, films,lantern slides and photographic documentswhich it publishes. It shall be understood,however, that articles imported fret of Customsduty will not be sold in French territory exceptunder conditions agreed with the Frenchauthorities.

Article 7.

The Organization shall pay under the condi-tions of common law the indirect taxes which


ESCO AND THE FRENCH GOVERNM ENT

form part of the price of goods sold. Neverthe-less, those taxes which relate to large purchasesmade by the Organization in direct connectionwith its work may form the subject of a returnof tax by arrangements to be fixed by agree-ment between the Organization and the FrenchGovernment.

Article 8.

The French Government shall grant to theOrganization for its postal, telephonic, tele-graphic, radiotelephonic, radiotelegraphic andradiotelephotographic communications treat-ment not less favourable than that which is ormay be accorded to diplomatic missions accre-dited to the French Government, especially asregards franking privileges and postal' rates,correspondence priorities, the use of pouchesand couriers and of codes.

It shall facilitate by every means communic-ations which the Executive Secretary and hisprincipal colleagues may have to make throughthe Press and the radio.

The correspondence and communications ofthe Organization may only be delayed in casesof force majeure.

Article 9.

Representatives of States Members ofUNESCO to Conferences convened by theOrganization shall be accorded, while exercisingtheir functions, and during their journey to andfrom the place of meeting, the facilities, pri-vileges and immunities accorded to diplomaticmissions accredited to the French Government.

The benefits of the facilities, privileges andimmunities provided in the preceding paragraphshall extend to the representatives of StatesMembers and to their alternate representatives,advisers, technical advisers and experts.

Article r o.

All officials of the Organization shall :

(i) Be immune from legal process in respectof acts performed by them in theirofficial capacity ;

Be exempt from all direct taxation on thesalaries and emoluments paid to them bythe Organization ;

Be given, together with their spousesand minor children, in respect of thelaws relating to foreigners, treatment notless favourable than that accorded todiplomatic representatives accredited tothe French Government ;

(2)

(3)

1By this word it is intended to cover all ranks of the Secretariatengaged by the Executive Secretary or on his behalf.

(4)

(5)

Be accorded the same exchange facilitiesas those granted to diplomatic represent-atives accredited to the French Govern-ment ;

Be given, together with their spouses andminor children, the same repatriationfacilities as are granted to diplomaticmissions accredited to the French Go-vernment in time of international crisis.

Article

In addition to the immunities in Article 12,the Executive Secretary and senior officials ofthe Organization, their spouses and minorchildren shall be accorded the privileges andimmunities, exemptions and facilities accordedto the members of diplomatic missions ac-credited to the French Government and to theirspouses and minor children in accordance withinternational law and usage. They shall not,however, be entitled to invoke before the courtsof the State of which they are nationals immunityfrom legal process as regards matters not con-nected with their official duties.

Article 12.

Privileges and immunities are granted toofficials in the interests of the Organization andnot for the benefit of the officials themselves.The Executive Secretary may waive the im-munity of any official if, in his opinion, it can bewaived without prejudice to the interests of theOrganization.

Article 13.

The French Government shall take thenecessary measures to ensure at any time,between the headquarters of the Organizationand the national frontiers :

The movement of persons required to takepart in work of the Organization or invitedby it ;

The despatch of correspondence and tele-grams ;

The transport of goods addressed to theOrganization.

Article 14.

The Organization and the French Govern-ment shall jointly determine the procedure andconditions for facilitating access to, residencein, transit through and departure from Frenchterritory in the case of persons required at anytime to take part in the work of the Organizationor who have been invited by it.

Article 15.

The provisions laid down in Articles 13 and14 above shall extend to representatives of thePress, radio, cinema and all news agencies whom

the Organization, after consultation with theFrench Government, has decided to accept asaccredited to it.

Article 1.6.

Without prejudice to the independent andproper working of the Organization, the FrenchGovernment may take all precautionary mea-sures necessary to the national safety.

Article 17.

The premises put at the disposal of theOrganization shall be supplied with electricity,water, gas, postal, telegraphic and telephonicservices, and all other public services.

Should force majeure involve a partial or totalinterruption of these services, the needs of theOrganization shall be regarded by the FrenchGovernment as of equal importance with thoseof its own administrations.

Article r8.

The French Government shall take thenecessary police measures to protect the seatof the Organization and to maintain order in itsimmediate vicinity.

At the request of the Executive Secretary,the French Government shall supply the policeforces that may be necessary to keep orderwithin the buildings.

Article 19.

The Organization shall co-operate at all timeswith the competent French authorities tofacilitate the proper administration of justice,secure the execution of _police regulations andprevent the occurrence of any abuse in connectionwith the immunities and facilities provided forin the present agreement.

Article 20.

The Organization shall make provision forappropriate modes of settlement of :

(I)

(2)

Disputes arising out of contracts or otherdisputes of a private law character towhich the Organization is a party ;

Disputes involving any official of theOrganization who, by reason of hisofficial position, enjoys immunity, if theimmunity has not been waived by theExecutive Secretary.

Article 21.

Any disagreement between the ExecutiveSecretary and the French Government arisingout of the interpretation or application of thepresent provisional agreement or of any ad-ditional convention or agreements not settledby negotiation, may be submitted for thedecision of an arbitrator appointed for thepurpose by the President of the InternationalCourt of Justice.

ANNEX 15 d, e - 88 -

d.

WHO.IC/W.14.November 1946.

LETTER FROM THE SWISS FEDERAL COUNCIL CONCERNING THE PROPOSED AGREEMENT WITHTHE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION

The Executive Secretary has the honour tosubmit for the information of the InterimCommission the following letter received fromthe Federal Political Department in Berne, inconnection with the proposed agreement be-tween the Swiss Federal Council and the WorldHealth Organization concerning the legal Statusof the World Health Organization in Swit-zerland (document WHO.IC/W.5, Annex 15).

Berne, 28 October 1946.1-ranslation.]

Sir,

On the occasion of your recent stay at Geneva,a Swiss delegation, consisting of representativesof the Political Department, of the FederalPublic,. Health Service and of the Geneveseauthorities, drew up, in conjunction withyourself, a proposed agreement-and a proposedarrangement for the execution of the agree-ment-for determining the legal status of theWorld Health Organization in Switzerland,in the event of its deciding to establish its seatin Geneva.

You expressed the desire on that occasionthat these two texts should mutatis mutandisbe applied provisionally to the services whichare to be administered in Geneva by the InterimCommission of the World Health Organizationuntil that Organization has chosen a place forits permanent seat.

We have the honour to inform you that theFederal Council, at its meeting on 25 October,expressed its agreement with your proposal.

When the proposed agreement and the

proposed arrangement for the execution of theagreement were being drawn up, you raisedvarious questions which you believed shouldbe examined by the competent Federal authori-ties, with a view not to establishing new con-ventional dispositions but to confirming, by anexchange of letters, the possibility of takingcertain legitimate wishes of the internationalofficials into account. You urged in particularthat in certain cases it might be desirable toextend exemption from Customs duties toitems not covered by Article 9 (a) of the pro-posed arrangement for the execution of theagreement, such as items of family interestwhich an official might desire to import intoSwitzerland after his first installation.

You also urged that the members of a familyof an international official, who desired to visithim, should be treated liberally in the matter ofentry visas and permits to stay in the country.

We can assure you that the authorities of theConfederation and of the Canton of Genevadesire to make the stay of international officialscalled upon to reside in Switzerland as agreeableas possible. They understand the desire ofthese officials to remain in touch with theirfamilies and their countries of origin, and theywill willingly endeavour to make the rules inforce more flexible.

We would therefore request you to submit tous any cases which may appear to you to bedeserving of interest, and we will get into touchwith the competent authority with a view tothe adoption of an equitable solution.

I am, Sir, etc.,(Signed) Pierre SECRATAN,

Federal Political Department.

WHO. IC/W.26.5 November 1946.

C. RESOLUTION ON PERMANENT HEADQUARTERS 1(Submitted by the Representatives from China, Egypt, India and Liberia.)

The representatives from China, Egypt, Indiaand Liberia have the honour to propose thefollowing resolution :

" That a Committee on Permanent Head-quarters composed of three members beformed, with the following terms of reference :

" (1) To make studies regarding the locationof the permanent headquarters of theWorld Health Organization, witha view to submitting such studiesthrough the Interim Commission tothe first session of the Health As-sembly ;

" (2) To collect detailed information regard-ing specific sites which have already

This document was examined by the Commission at its fourthmeeting and submitted to a drafting committee (see Annex ig.).

been offered or may be offered beforeMarch 1947, particularly noting suchfacilities and environmental condi-tions as may be best for the carrying-out of the functions of the WHO,and preparing data regarding theestimated cost of purchase and/orconstruction and upkeep ;

" (3) To give preferential study to offers ofgifts of land on which the WHO mayerect its own buildings ;

" (4) To have the authority to disqualifyany offers of land or property whichin its judgment should not be broughtto the attention of the Health As-sembly."

89 ANNEXES 13 f 16 cat b

WHOA C/W.32.8 November 1946.

/. REVISED RESOLUTION ON THE ESTABLISHMENT OF A COMMITTEE ON HEADQUARTERS I

(Submitted by the Ad Hoc Drafting Committee.)

WHEREAS the " Arrangement " establishingthe Interim Commission includes among itsfunctions :

(2(b) ii) " studies regarding location of theheadquarters of the Organization " ;

BE IT RESOLVED that a Committee of five beappointed by the Interim Commission to makestudies regarding the location of the head-,quarters of the Organization ;

That in making such studies the Committeeamongst other considerations pay special atten-tion to the privileges which would be granted bythe Host State, the internationalization of theseat, [the political conditions in the HostState], accessibility from and to the world at

large, unrestricted and uninterrupted contactbetween the WHO and all countries of the world,climatic conditions, general use by the localpopulation of either of the working languagesof the United Nations, adequate facilities forthe immediate establishment of the necessaryoffices, printing facilities, etc., and the principleof centralization ;

And that this Committee report back to theInterim Commission.

1This document was adopted by the Commission at its fifth meeting,with the deletion of " the political conditions in the Host State ", inparagraph 3.

Annex 16. WHO.IC/W.32.12 November 1946.

HEADQUARTERS OF THE INTERIM COMMISSION

(Z. DRAFT RESDLUTION CONCERNING THE SEAT OF THE SECRETARIAT OF THE ORGANIZATION 1(Submitted by the Representative of France.)

The Interim Commission notes the existencein New York of an office capable of assuringindispensable liaison with the United Nationsunder the most satisfactory conditions, and.authorizes its Executive Secretary to set up the

1This resolution was considered by the Commission at its ninthmeeting and eventually withdrawn.

seat of the provisional Secretariat in Geneva,or in any other place which, in agreement withthe Chairman of the Commission, can be con-sidered as offering better facilities for carryingout without delay the many imperative andurgent tasks awaiting the World HealthOrganization.

WHO.IC/W.33.12 November 1946.

b. DRAFT RESOLUTION ON INTERIM COMMISSION OFFICES 1(Submitted by the Chairman.)

The Interim Commission :(1) Takes note of the establishment of an

office in New York capable of assuring indis-pensable liaison with the United Nations ;

(2) Authorizes its Executive Secretary to setup an office in Geneva to carry out epidemiolo-

1This resolution was considered by the Interim Commission andamended as in Annex 16c.

gical services and to facilitate the urgentactivities of the Interim Commission in connec-tion with the field work of UNRRA entrusted tothe Interim Commission ; and

(3) Authorizes its Executive Secretary, inagreement with the Chairman of the InterimCommission, to set up offices in other plades ifit will be indispensable for other activities.

ANNEXES 16 C, 17 - 90 -

W1-10.IC/W.53/Rev.i.28 November 1946.

C. RESOLUTION ON INTERIM COMMISSION OFFICES 1(As amended by the Delegate from the United Kingdom.)

The Interim Cominission :(1) Takes note of the establishment of a

Headquarters Office in New York capable ofassuring indispensable liaison with the UnitedNations and the fulfilment of other functionsof the Interim Commission ;

'This resolution was adopted by the Interim Commission (see pages29-30.

(2) Authorizes its Executive Secretary toset up an office in Geneva in order to facilitatethe activities of the Interim Commission ; and

(3) Authorizes its Executive Secretary, inagreement with the Chairman of the InterimCommission, to set up offices in other places ifnecessary.

Annex 17. WHO. IC/W. 8 .16 October 1946.

CO-OPERATION WITH SPECIALIZED AGENCIES

PRINCIPLES OF CO-OPERATION BETWEEN THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION AND OTHERSPECIALIZED AGENCIES : PRESENT STATUS OF NEGOTIATIONS BETWEEN THE INTERIM COMMISSION

AND THESE AGENCIES(Note by the Secretariat.)

I. PRINCIPLES AND METHODS OFCO-OPERATION

During the International Health Conference,the need for close co-operation between theWorld Health Organization and other specializedagencies of the United Nations was repeatedlystressed. It was felt that in certain fieldsthe Health Organization and other agencieshad common interests and needed the other'stechnical advice and collaboration. While anumber of subjects would be of interest onlyto one organization, others would interestseveral of them ; and if each dealt with thesesubjects individually, it would result in over-lapping and confusion. This was recognizedwhen the Charter of the United Nations gaveto the Economic and Social Council the task notonly of distributing the fields of activity amongthe various specialized agencies but also ofendorsing agreements between them for theirjoint work on certain subjects.

In order to establish proper agreements forco-operation between the World Health Or-ganization and other specialized agencies, itappears necessary for the Interim Commissionto adopt certain basic principles which willvery much facilitate the work of negotiators onits behalf.

It must be fully realized and emphasized fromthe very beginning that each specialized agencyhas a field of its own for which it is primarilyresponsible : health and factors of health in thecase of the WHO, food supply and agriculturein the case of the FAO, protection of labour inthe case of the ILO. No agency should encroach

upon the field of another agency withoutprevious consultation and agi:eement with thatagency.

There are obviously subjects of commoninterest to several agencies. Thus, the questionof nutrition is undoubtedly of interest to boththe FAO and the WHO. Sickness insurance isof common interest to the ILO and the WHO.In such fields, however, the angle of approachof the two agencies concerned is not the same.

In nutrition, the FAO is more particularlyinterested in the availability of the proper food-stuffs to populations-i.e., actual consumptionenquiries and remedies for insufficient supply.The Health Organization is concerned with thestate of nutrition as a factor of health, thephysiological requirements for proper nutrition,the study of deficiency diseases, etc. Co-operation between two agencies should there-fore aim at bringing together experts of relatedbut different and complementary fields todeal with common problems, rather than ex-perts in the same field and with the same pointof view nominated by two different agencies.

J oint committees constitute probably themost effective means of getting these experts towork together. But a joint committee does notnecessarily mean equal representation of theco-operating agencies. Such a " 50-50 " re-presentation is only justified when the subjectdealt with is of equal importance to two agenciesand when each may contribute equally to itssolution. When, for instance, one subject isof far more interest to one agency than tothe other, the representation might be on a" 75-25 " per cent basis. If the subject is

- 91 - ANNEX If

almost exclusively part of the responsibility ofone agency, the other may be represented byone member, if not by a mere observer.

The apportionment of secretariat duties may,like the apportionment of representation on thecommittee, depend upon the relative importanceof the subject to the participating agencies.One may have a joint secretariat for com-mittees with an equal representation from twoagencies ; when the majority of the members ofa committee are nominated by one agency, thesecretariat may be entrusted to that agency.In that case, however, it will probably be foundexpedient to have a representative of the othersecretariat in attendance, although more or lessin an observer's capacity and without theresponsibility of issuing documents, etc. It isof practical importance to ensure co-operationat both the committee and the secretariat levels.

There are cases when a subject is the exclusiveresponsibility of one agency. If, for a particularphase of its work, another agency becomesinterested in that subject, it should ask theresponsible agency for information. The res-ponsible agency may, in turn, either provide theinformation immediately if it is already avail-able, ask one of its officers or experts to obtainit if it is not, or, if the importance of thequestion justifies it, ask one of its technicalcommittees to deal with the question. No jointcommittee would be needed in such a case.

When certain complex subjects are the objectof the common interest of two agencies, onemay envisage not only the formation of a jointcommittee but of a number of sub-committees.Some of these sub-committees may be joint sub-committees with, possibly, joint secretariats ;others may be composed of experts or repre-sentatives of only one agency, with secretariatsbelonging to that agency. In such cases,however, the reporting of results shou'ld bethrough the joint committee to the participatingagencies. A concrete example may best il-lustrate a case of this kind : one may conceiveof the creation of a joint nutrition committee bythe FAO and the WHO with a joint secretariat,having one joint sub-committee and jointsecretariat to deal with food consumptionand nutrition surveys, sub-committees ofthe FAO on the production and consumptionof vitamin-containing foodstuffs, the storage offoodstuffs, etc., and WHO sub-committees onphysiological requirements in the various age-groups, on the methods of revealing food defi-ciencies, etc.

Co-operation between two agencies should notbe limited to the creation of joint committees.One must consider also the systematic exchangeof all publications, not only for the informationof the staffs of the agencies but-if the organiz-ations are not all located in the same place-sothat the library of each may be a proper sourceof information to anyone interested in inter-

national work. Each agency should inviteobservers from all other specialized agencies toits annual general conference or assembly.According to the agenda, the agencies invitedwould decide whether to send or not to sendobservers. The agencies with mutual agree-ments should pledge themselves to inviteobservers from the other agencies to meetingsof their executive boards or technical commit-tees when the agenda justifies this action.

One may envisage also the appointment ofa permanent liaison officer of one agency whowould be the guest of the secretariat of anotheragency with which common work was frequent.Such an arrangement might be made on areciprocal basis. Even if the agreement did notexpressly so provide, it would be expedient ifthe secretariats of related agencies consultedunofficially with each other before engagingprofessional staff to deal with subjects in whichthey had common interests. In certain cases,the specialized agencies might also co-operatein an exchange of technical and materialservices, in the kind of co-operation whichthe United Nations is offering to the specializedagencies.

Co-operation with Technical Divisions and Com-missions of the United Nations.

The above principles are also applicablemutatis mutandis to co-operation with thetechnical commissions and divisions of theUnited Nations. Such co-operation might befacilitated by attaching a permanent liaisonofficer, or perhaps even a small liaison office, tothe Secretariat of the United Nations, to followthe developments in the various fields in whichthe World Health Organization is interested(protection of childhood, habit-forming drugsresearch, health needs of territories undertrusteeship, demography, vital statistics, etc.).The same agent of the World Health Organif-ation or his staff might be entrusted also withthe handling of certain relations with thesecretariat of the Economic and Social Counciland the financial and administrative depart-ments at the headquarters of the United Na-tions, etc. He could also serve as observer forthe World Health Organization on commissionsmeeting at the seat of the United Nations whenthe subject dealt with did not require a highlyspecialized member of the staff.

COMMON FIELDS OF INTEREST AND STATEOF NEGOTIATIONS BETWEEN THE WORLD

HEALTH OR GANIZATION AND OTHERSPECIALIZED AGENCIES

. F ood and A griculture Organization.

The World Health Organization has severalfields in common with FAO, the most important

ANNEX 17 , - 92 -

of which is undoubtedly that of nutrition.Both organizations are equally interested in it,although from different angles ; and it is anobvious case for the setting up of a " 50-50 "joint committee with a joint secretariat. TheFAO is also interested in rural hygiene asone of the factors of life of the agriculturalpopulation towards which it feels a definiteresponsibility. Here, however, the WorldHealth Organization has a more direct interestand a greater responsibility, since rural hygieneconstitutes the form of preventive medicinewhich affects more than two-thirds of the world'spopulation. The WHO can no more relinquishthat field to the FAO than it can give up urbanhygiene to the International Labour Organiz-ation, on the ground that the ILO is interestedin the industrial and commercial population.If it did so, the WHO would be left withoutany functions.

It would seem appropriate to envisage adefinite representation of the FAO in anycommittee on rural hygiene that the WorldHealth Organization might set up and also insub-committees dealing with specific ruralhealth problems. A number of joint committeesor sub-committees might also be envisaged todeal with the sanitary production and conser-vation of foodstuffs, milk standards, the sanitaryproduction of milk, etc.

The Director-General of the FAO, Sir JohnBoyd Orr, invited the World Health Organiz-ation to be represented by an observer at theAecond session of its annual Conference openingin Copenhagen on 2 September. Dr. Evang, whoagreed to represent the Interim Commission,attended the early part of the Conference,particularly the meeting of its Standing Ad-visory Committee on Nutrition and FoodManagement, 23-27 August. The report of thisCommittee (FAO document Nu-WPI3) includesa chapter on relations of the FAO with theWHO. It suggests that co-operation will beeasier when the WHO has established a nutri-tion section and programme. It stresses theneed for co-ordination, the differences betweenthe respective fields of the two organizations intheir work oir nutrition, and also the interestof the WHO as well as the FAO in the NationalNutrition Committees to be formed andconnected with the International NutritionCommittees.

Dr. Evang suggested that a Joint Committeeon Nutrition be created, to advise both theFAO and the WHO, rather than two separateNutrition Committees, one in each organization,

with, in addition, a joint liaison committee.He also suggested that " if such unificationwere not possible, at any rate there should bethe closest possible communication between theJoint Standing Committee and the NutritionCommittee of each of the organizations,which could be effected if a number of indi-viduals were members of both Committees ".

Dr. Biraud, after Dr. Evang, attendedthe Committee on Nutrition of the Confe-rence (from 7 to ro September), whichendorsed the report of the Standing AdvisoryCommittee on Nutrition and Food Management.He presented the same views as Dr. Evang andmade suggestions regarding a joint committeeand sub-committees, as outlined in the first partof the present note.

At Dr. Evang's suggestion, the StandingCommittee on Nutrition and on Agriculturejointly recommended the formation of a JointStanding Committee on Rural Hygiene withthe WHO. The matter was referred to theConference for endorsement.

The FAO Conference, having decided on thecreation of a World Food Board, invited theWorld Health Organization Interim Commis-sion to be represented at the PreparatoryCommission of thát Board, meeting in Wash-ington, 28 October. As the agenda of thatfirst meeting did not include any item bearingdirectly on health, this offer was declined.

The sustained co-operation and support of theofficials of the FAO, including Dr. W. R.Aykroyd, Director of the Nutrition Division ofthe FAO, must be emphasized. The Secretariatconversations which took place in Copenhagen,with full understanding, should facilitate thedrafting of a definite agreement for co-opera-tion in the future.

2. The International Labour Organization.

The ILO and the WHO have several fields incommon. The most important are undoubtedlythose dealing with sickness insurance, the meansof providing medical care for the labouringpopulation and industrial hygiene. In the pastthere was a Joint Committee on Social Medicinebetween the Health Organization of the Leagueand the ILO. It dealt particularly with themeans of avoiding overlapping between themedical services developed by the sickness-insurance institutions and the medical andhealth national administrations. It also studiedthe possibilities of orienting sickness-insuranceinstitutions towards prevention. This was

- 93 - ANNEX 17

particularly the case in the field of tuberculosis,which was the object of the work of a specialjoint sub-committee. Industrial hygiene wasdealt with exclusively by the ILO expert bodiesexcept in the case of anthrax, which Was theobject of a joint sub-committee.

During the war, when the League HealthSection was paralysed, the ILO undertookstudies extending beyond the scope of sicknessinsurance to the medical and health care ofthe whole population, and even the professionaltraining of doctors, dentists, etc. Since then,the International Health Conference has defi-nitely stated that both curative and preventivemedicine were to be the particular field of WHO,and consequently the tendency of ILO toexpand in this field can be expected to cease.

Indeed, the Governing Body of the Inter-national Labour Office at its twenty-ninthsession, " noted with satisfaction the provisionscontained in the Constitution of the WHO,that the Health Organization would act inco-operation with other specialized agencies inrespect of a number of matters of direct interestto the ILO, notably the prevention of accidentalinjuries ; the improvement of nutrition, housing,sanitation, recreation, economic or workingconditions and other aspects of environmentalhygiene ; the promotion of maternal and childhealth and welfare ; and the study of adminis-trative and social techniques affecting publichealth and medical care from preventive andcurative points of view, including hospitalservices and social security. . . . . The Inter-national Labour Conference has already, by theterms of the declaration of Philadelphia, pledgedthe full co-operation of the ILO with suchinternational bodies as may be interested, witha share of the responsibilities for the promotionof the health of all peoples. "

The ILO decided, therefore, to invite theWHO to be represented at the annual sessions ofits Conference. As the agenda of the twenty-ninth session at Montreal, 19 September, didnot contain any item of interest for the WHO,this invitation was not accepted ; but thiswill probably not be the case in the future, asmany items of interest are bound to come up.

On 13 September, the Executive Secretary ofthe WHO suggested to Mr. Phelan, Directorof the ILO, the setting-up " at the technicallevel of two joint commissions (1) on industrialhygiene and (2) on provision for medical careand health services." If a joint study-group isformed to cover sickness, invalidity and otherforms of social insurance involving curativemedicine, it would appear that such a groupshould be in the nature of a special joint sub-committee on social, medicine, as the broaderquestion of medical care and health services

should be dealt with by a committee composedexclusively, or nearly so, of specialists in thevarious branches of medical health practice andscience selected by the WHO itself. Indeed thephrase " medical care and health services "includes practically the whole field of the WHO.If such a committee was formed, the ILO mightbe represented in it by one or two members.In the field of industrial hygiene, the ILO mightwell have an equal or even a predominatingrepresentation. Of such a joint committee,many sub-committees would probably be ILOsub-committees. In the field of nutrition,the ILO might also be represented on thejoint committee envisaged between the WHOand the FAO.

3. Provisional International Civil AviationOrganization.

In 1933, the CINA (Comité international pourla navigation aérienne) collaborated with theOffice international d'Hygiene Publique in thedrafting of the International Sanitary Conven-'tion for Aerial Navigation. The ProvisionalInternational Civil Aviation Organization isalso definitely interested in all public healthprovisions which touch on international airtransport. Under the UNRRA 1944 Conven-tion for Aerial Navigation, the InternationalCommittee for Aerial Navigation (CINA)receives from UNRRA lists of sanitary aero-dromes, information about special agreementsrelating to aerial sanitation measures andinformation about charges to the aircraft forsanitary operations. This information willundoubtedly also be required by PICAO.PICAO will furthermore be interested in theapplication of international rules regardingcertification of inoculation and vaccination andthe new forms of international certificatesrelating thereto-disinsectization and deratiz-ation for sanitary aerodromes, personal andaircraft declarations of health (internationalforms), etc.

On 25 July 1946, the Assistant Secretary-General for Air Transport expressed the desirefor a general liaison with the Interim Commis-sion of the World Health Organization in thesematters. On 5 August, Mr. Albert Roper,Secretary-General of PICAO, expressed thedesire of that Organization to take part indiscussions for the revision of the SanitaryConvention for Aerial Navigation and suggestedthat a joint committee or committees be formedwithin or under the Quarantine Committee ofWHO Interim Commission. The ExecutiveSecretary agreed to the principle of such re-presentation on 7 October.

Then, on 8 Oct4ober, the Secretary-Generalof PICAO asked for representation of PICAOat the second session of the Interim Commissionon 4 November, but he was informed that as

ANNEX 17 - 94 -this session represented only a preliminary stageof the Commission's work, the invitation ofother specialized agencies would be premature.

The Interim Commission will probably wishto invite representatives of PICAO to themeetings of its Committee on Epidemiology andQuarantine and perhaps several to its Sub-Committee on Aerial Navigation. A draftagreement might be prepared to that effect,also including the representation of the WHOon the technical committee of PICAO dealingwith sanitary affairs. PICAO might also beinvited to the World Health Assemblies.

4. United Nations Educational, Scientific andCultural Organization.

As the specialized agency dealing with educa-tion and sciences, UNESCO is bound to coversubjects of interest to the WHO, and vice versa." Education " includes health, medical andpre-medical education. Libraries, archives,publications and museums, although in the fieldof UNESCO, are also of definite importance tothe WHO. " Natural sciences " might beconstrued to include medical and sanitarysciences. It is clear, therefore, that arrange-ments will be needed at an early date to definethe real sphere of action of UNESCO, which itscharter leaves unbounded.

It would appear that UNESCO shouldproperly confine itself to the basic sciences,such as biology, chemistry, physics, etc., andleave to the specialized agencies the specificsciences which are their responsibilities-medi-cine and health sciences to the WHO, veterinarymedicine and applied botany to the FAO, etc.Co-operation might, however, be envisaged incertain fields.

Thus a committee on general bacteriologyformed by UNESCO should include medicalbacteriologists from the WHO and soil bac-teriologists from the FAO. If UNESCO studiesthe curriculum of primary and secondaryschools and universities, the Health Organiz-ation might participate in these studies, toensure that the working-hours required of

students are not in excess of health precepts,that individual health education and habits aregiven their place and that pre-medical trainingsatisfies the requirements of proper medicaleducation.

The WHO might profit from recommend-ations of committees of UNESCO on thestandard methods of publishing scientific ab-stracts, lists of references, and technical inter-national glossaries, and on the cataloguing ofmedical libraries, etc. It might be represented

in 'some of the committees dealing with thesesubjects.

Even before the Interim Commission was setup, UNESCO had invited it to be represented atthe fifth session of its Preparatory Commissionin London on 5 July, and Dr. Neville Goodmanconsented to act as an observer at this meeting.The WHO has also been asked to send anobserver to the first session of UNESCO'sGeneral Conference, to be held in Paris on19 November 1946, and it is the intention ofthe Executive Secretary to attend this meeting,in order to establish personal contacts. TheFrench member of the Commission or one of hisalternates might also be asked to follow theConference and to take part in the discussion, ifnecessary, on behalf of the WHO.

Mr. V. Darchambeau, Permanent Repre-sentative of UNESCO with the United Nations,unofficially submitted to the Chairman of theInterim Commission a draft agreement betweenthe WHO and UNESCO, which takes theUNESCO-United Nations agreement as a model.This draft suggests -the formation of a jointcommittee to study all questions " concerningexclusively and simultaneously both organ-izations". The section headed "ScientificCollaboration" reads as follows :

" UNESCO and the WHO will settle, afteran exchange of views in the Joint CommitteeUNESCO-WHO, as well as in the Co-ordina-tion Commission, the best way of collabor-ating in the field of research and scientificwork.

" In principle :

" (a) UNESCO will be in charge of everyscientific responsibility which does not belongspecifically to another specialized agency ortechnical institution, the WHO being incharge of every scientific responsibility in thefield of health.

" (b) UNESCO will be in charge of researchand scientific work in the field of the basicsciences (physics, chemistry, biology, etc.),which are of interest to several specializedagencies. The WHO will be in charge ofresearch and scientific work in the medicalfield and will take care of the application ofdiscoveries made in other scientific fields tothe field of health.

" (c) UNESCO will gather and spread allscientific information about basic sciences andwill inform the WHO about any questionsin which it may be interested or about whichit may inquire.

" (d) UNESCO will take care of informationof a general nature, as on methods of generalresearch and documentation, general biblio-graphy, bibliotheconomy, normalization ofscientific publications, terminology and no-

- 95 - ANNEX 57

menclature, and general- synthesis. UNESCOwill fix general principles concerning docu-mentation and norms for the edition ofabstracts, for the establishment of transla-tions and for every kind of reference.

" (e) In common fields concerning bothUNESCO and the WHO, UNESCO will be incharge of preparatory questions in thegeneral fields. For example, in health edu-cation for adults, UNESCO will deal with theresolutions and establishment of adult edu-cation programmes in general, the WHOconcerning itself with the actual health partsof them.

" (f) In fields which are of interest to severalinstitutions or organizations-fields such asscientific combined expeditions and collabo-ration between bacteriologists of the soil,bacteriologists of medicine, and pure bac-teriologists-UNESCO will organize scientificmeetings, and co-ordinate research as well aspractical work. The WHO will be in chargeof pure health research and activities.

" (g) UNESCO will be responsible for theorganization of permanent scientific contacts(conferences, committees, commissions, etc.)as well as for exchanges of teachers, students,research workers, laboratory staff, films, listsof instruments, books, publications, etc.,in the general field of science. The WHOwill be responsible for the same matterswithin the purely medical field."

One section provides for exchange of publi-cations.

This draft might well be taken as a basis forfuture discussions.

In a practical way, Dr. Julian Huxley, Exe-cutive Secretary of the Preparatory Commissionof UNESCO, has offered collaboration with theWHO in the form of office space and secretariatfacilities at UNESCO House in Paris, in casethe WHO should decide to establish its seatthere (see document WHO.IC/W.4, Annex 15a).

5. United Nations Relief and RehabilitationAdministration..

While co-operation has existed betweenUNRRA, particularly its Health Division, andthe Interim Commission from the start, thematter need not be discussed here, as absorp-tion of UNRRA's health activities by theInterim Commission is now planned (see docu-ment WHO.IC/W.13, Annex 22a).

6. United Nations.

It seems appropriate to consider here co-operation between the WHO and the tech-

nical divisions of the United Nations, with theircorresponding commissions, these mattershaving little bearing on the administrativerelationships between the United Nations andthe WHO dealt with elsewhere.

The WHO has definite interests and fespon-sibilities in some of the fields administered bydivisions of the United Nations. In theDepartment of Social Affairs, there is a Divisionof Demography, and the health aspects of thisfield cannot be ignored in studies involvingmortality, one of the essential factors of popu-lation growth or regression. No prediction ofpopulation can be made without consideringthe present sanitary situation and its futuredevelopments. As a collector and source ofvital statistics, the WHO can be of definite helpto the Division of Demography of the UnitedNations.

Co-operation with the Division of Refugeesmight involve furnishing technical advice notonly in the handling of sanitary problemsarising in camps for displaced persons, butalso in the future establishment of refugeesin countries in which the climate and prevailingdiseases require acclimatization and specificprotection (colonization in tropical countries,for instance). This advice would, of course, beequally useful to the IRO (InternationalRefugee Organization).

The Division of Narcotics deals essentiallywith the statistics of production and interna-tional consumption of habit-forming drugs, andthe application of the 1925 and 1931 Interna-tional Conventions. The Conventions providedthat the Health Section of the League ofNations and the Office International d'HygienePublique should give technical advice on thehabit-forming character of drugs and shouldjudge of the applicability of the Conventions.These Organizations also nominated two tech-nical medical representatives on the supervisorybody for narcotics control. The WHO inheritsthese obligations and must make such appoint-ments.

Pending an official request, the Director of theNarcotics Division of the United Nations hasapproached the Interim Commission Secretariatfor designation of the two above-mentionedexperts. They will form a natural connecting-link between the Health and Narcotics organiz-ations. The WHO will probably have to set upa special technical committee to deal with theconsultation as to the habit-forming characterof drugs and also the medical aspects of thedrug problem-i.e., cure 'and prevention of thedrug habit.

The Research Division of the Department ofSocial Affairs has studied the possibility ofestablishing international research laboratories,

ANNEX 1 7,

to obtain greater efficiency in research in variousfields, including those of medicine and publichealth. Tuberculosis has been specificallymentioned as offering scope for such a project.On 3 October, the Economic and Social Councilpassed the following Resolution, which requirescareful consideration on the part of the InterimCommission :

" The Economic and Social Council, consider-ing,

" (i) That a certain number of researchactivities can only be conducted in arational manner on an internationalscale, and

" (2) That many branches of scientific re-search connected with the promotion ofhuman knowledge, and especially withpublic health, would yield considerablymore effective results if they wereconducted on an international scale,

" INVITES the Secretary-General toconsult UNESCO and the other spe-cialized agencies concerned and tosubmit to the Economic and SocialCouncil, if possible during the nextsession, a general report on the problemof establishing UNITED NATIONSRESEARCH LABORATORIES.'

The Interim Commission will have to decidefor itself on the advantages and disadvantages ofcentral research laboratories as against theco-ordination of research in existing ones and onthe proper authority to initiate and control suchundertakings in the health field.

In addition to establishing relations with theDepartment of Social Affairs, the InterimCommission will have to envisage collaborationwith the central statistical service of the UnitedNations, both on the committee and on the actualSecretariat levels. While it seems quite appro-priate for the United Nations to collect certainbasic statistical data of interest to itself andto a number of specialized agencies and todistribute such material to the agencies, it isclear that a specialized agency like the WHOrequires direct information of a statistical naturefrom both the statistical services and the healthauth6rities. The Epidemiological IntelligenceService and that of public health statistics ofthe WHO will require direct and immediateinformation on births, deaths and kinds of com-municable diseases, not only from countriesbut from smaller geographical units and, in

particular, from large towns. It would be ab-solutely impracticable for such information tobe collected by a central statistical office. TheWHO may easily transmit this material to thecentral statistical service of the United Nations,

The Trusteeship Department of the UnitedNations is naturally interested in the state ofhealth of territories under trusteeship 1 TheWHO might well advise the Trusteeship Councilon medical matters in territories under itsauthority, as it will no doubt have the benefit ofseveral technical committees dealing withtropical medicine and hygiene, medical educa-tion and public health administration in compa-ratively less advanced territories. On the otherhand, trusteeship reports 2 will be of value tothe WHO.

While direct co-operation is established withthe organization dealing with aerial navigation(PICAO), one must also envisage co-operationwith the organizations to be set up to dealwith maritime traffic, and pending this, withthe Division and Commission on Transport ofthe United Nations, as regards particularly therevision of the Sanitary Conventions.

The Interim Commission will probably wish,if it agrees with the principles outlined in thefirst part of this memorandum and the viewsexpressed regarding the interests of the WHO inthe various fields covered, to give instructionsto the Secretariat to continue the negotiationsand contacts begun, with a view to establishingco-operation on a proper basis. It is suggestedthat the respective Secretariats should first holdpreliminary unofficial discussions and preparedraft agreements, which could be submitted tothe Interim Commission at a later session andamended, if necessary. In certain cases, ifdifficulties arose between the Secretariats,the matter might be taken up by joint nego-tiating groups in which both the InterimCommission and the other organization wouldbe represented. It must be emphasized that theInterim Commission and its Secretariat canonly prepare draft agreements, which the WorldHealth Assembly or its Executive Board willeventually consider and, it is hoped, ratify.

I" And Non-Self-Governing Territories within the framework ofArticle 73 of the Charter of the United Nations ".

2 " And information from Non-Self-Governing Territories ".This document was adopted by the Commission with the additions

noted above (see pages

- 97 - ANNEX 18

Annex 18. WHOJC/W.1o.19 October 1946.

PRINCIPLES OF CO-OPERATION BETWEEN THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATIONAND INTERNATIONAL AND NATIONAL NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS

INTERESTED IN HEALTH : REQUESTS MADE FOR SUCH CO-OPERATION 1

(Note by the Secretariat.)

The Charter of the World Health Organizationspecifies as one of the functions of the Or-ganization the maintenance of " effective col-laboration with . . . professional groups andsuch other organizations as may be deemedappropriate ", and the promotion of " co-operation among scientific and professionalgroups which contribute to the advancementof health " (Article 2 (b) and (j)).

A number of international and nationalprofessional and technical non-governmentalorganizations have already approached theSecretariat of the Interim Commission witha view to establishing official relationshipswith the Commission and the World HealthOrganization. Therefore, it seems essentialto adopt a policy for dealing with such requests.

The first principle seems to be that no outsideorganization has the right to establish an officialrelationship with the WHO : the latter has theright to select the organizations which with it iswilling to co-operate officially or unofficially.

Such relationships can be established onlywhen required in the interests of public healthand of the WHO. Great care must be exercisedto avoid exploitation of an official relationshipwith the WHO by any private organization.Such relationships should therefore remain non-or semi-official.

Subject to these restrictions, it is highly ad-visable for the WHO to establish co-operationwith a number of international technical andprofessional associations and unions, the fieldsof action of which fall definitely within therealm of the WHO and which have establishedtheir scientific standing or practical value.Among these might be considered :

the International Union against Tuberculosis,

the International Union against Cancer,

the Union internationale contre le Phil vénhien(International Union against Venereal Dis-eases),

the World Medical Association, etc.

In nearly every branch of medicine there areresponsible technical associations of high stand-

' ing with which it might be advisable to establish

This dooumeni. was adopted by the Interim Commission (see page 25).

contacts. Co-operation might take variousforms. The simplest would be to extend tothese associations invitations to send observers,if they so desire, to meetings of WHO TechnicalCommittees which touch on their own fields ofinterest. It might, in some cases, be advisableto engage officials of these associations asexperts for a definite work and a specific period.

To certain associations which, in spite oftheir technical standing, do not have a standingsecretariat between successive congresses theSecretariat of the WHO might provide secre-tarial facilities (part-time use of staff, documentand distribution services ; also meeting roomsand interpreters for their congresses). In excep-tional cases, rooms and use of the WHO librarymight be placed at the disposal of the standingsecretariat of certain associations. This wouldensure the highest type of co-operation.

The counterpart would be not only the in-creased development of medical science or publichealth by improved action of these associations,but the possibility of persuading specialists in themedical and health professions to co-operate inenquiries and studies undertaken by the associa-tion on the suggestion Of the WHO. One mayconceive, for instance, that, if the TuberculosisCommittee of the WHO studied the effect of aparticular drug or other form of cure for tuber-culosis, the matter might be placed on the agendaof the International Union against Tuberculosis,and the specialist members of that Union couldco-operate in the collection and critical dis-cussion of clinical observations on the subject.The associations in their respective fields wouldform a very useful complement to the officialhealth services, both for the collection andfor the dissemination of scientific and technicalknowledge.

This co-operation would strengthen the WHOand prevent the spread of the idea in the medicalprofession that the WHO, as an inter-govern-mental body, necessarily tends to oppose thelegitimate interests of the medical profession.Advice from these non-governmental profes-sional bodies would be of great benefit to thestudies that the WHO might undertake in thefield of medical practice and medical education.

While the WHO is authorized by its Charter toco-operate with national organizations, it is

ANNEXES 18, 19 - 98 -

clear that, for both practical and theoreticalreasons, steps in this direction must be takenin exceptional cases only, such as in field workwithin a given country or for consultations ontechnical questions when no well-establishedand reliable international association exists in aparticular field.

While, for instance, in the field of tubercu-losis, the Tuberculosis Committee of the WHOmight select individual experts to deal withspecific subjects, it could not co-operate directlywith all national tuberculosis associations. Col-laboration with these should be effected throughthe International Union against Tuberculosis.

This does not mean, of course, that the WHOshould refuse all invitations to be represented atthe meetings of national associations. If the na-tional associations were of sufficient standing andthe subject of sufficient interest, the Organizationmight request one member of its technical com-mittees, or a member of its Assembly or ExecutiveBoard from the same country, to represent theWHO and to report to it. Representation mightalso be effected, when justified, by a member ofthe Secretariat. It would probably be the dutyof the Executive Board of the WHO to decidewhich invitations were to be accepted, andrepresentation of national associations in meet-ings of the WHO or its bodies could be justifiedonly by exceptional circumstances.

So far, requests for representation of theInterim Commission on Executive Committeeshave been received from the Union inter-Nationale contre le Péril vénérien (Secretary-General : Dr. A. Cavaillon), and from the Inter-national Union against Cancer (President :

M. Justin Godart), whose meetings are to beheld in Paris on 12 and 13 November, res-pectively. As these dates conflict with thoseof the second session of the Interim Commissionand will prevent the French members of theCommission and its staff from being present,Professor Párisot, member of the FrenchDelegation to the International Health Confer-ence, was requested to attend as an observer.

There was a request from the AmericanCollege of Radiology for the intervention ofthe WHO in the organizing of internationalcongresses, with special reference to the SixthInternational Congress (Mr. Mac F. Cahal,12 September), and also from a representativeof the Canadian National Committee for MentalHygiene, for co-operation in the InternationalMental Health Congress to be held in London inAugust 1948.

The Secretary of the Canadian HospitalCouncil has approached the Executive Se-cretary concerning the revival of the Inter-national Hospital Association ; and there havebeen offers of services to the WHO from theAmerican Psychoanalytic Association and fromthe National (U.S.) Committee for MentalHygiene.

The American Association for Health, Phy-sical Education and Recreation sent a petition to" be associated in some official capabity withthe WHO ", which for the reasons stated abovecould not be granted.

Finally, there should be mentioned in thisconnexion a suggestion made by Dr. MohamedHossein Hafezi, on behalf of the Iranian Dele-gation to the International Health Conference,that the birth of the WHO should be celebratedthroughout the world by the institution ofa " World Health Day " on 22 July.

Annex 19. WHO.IC/W.i .21 October 1946.

TRANSFER TO THE INTERIM COMMISSION OF THE HEALTH FUNCTIONS OF THELEAGUE OF NATIONS "


On 12 February 1946, at the first meeting ofthe General Assembly, the United Nationsdecided to take over the health functions of theLeague of Nations. This decision was endorsedby the last Assembly of the League of Nationsin April 1946. The principle was recommendedby the Preparátory Commission in Paris inApril and by the Economic and Social Council inJune.

The International Health Conference itself, inthe Arrangement signed on 22 July, instructedthe Interim Commission (Article 2 (d)) " to

take all necessary measures to effect thetransfer to the Interim Commission of thefunctions, activities and assets of the Leagueof Nations Health Organization which havebeen assigned to the United Nations. ".

The Conference had taken for granted thatthe transfer of these functions had effectivelybeen made to the United Nations. Such,however, was not the case, and the work of theHealth Section continued to be carried outunder the authority of the Secretary-Generalof the League until 31 August, when the Secreta-

- 99 - ANNEX 19

riat was transferred to the United Nations. Afterthe Economic and Social Council, on 17 Sep-tember 1946, had passed a resolution endorsingthe " Arrangement ", the Secretariat of the In-terim Commission was able to arrange for theeffective transfer of these functions from theUnited Nations to the Interim Commissionas from 16 October 1946.

From that date, the nücleus staff that remain-ed from the League Health Section was trans-ferred, with individual consent, to the WorldHealth Organization. The group was in chargeof Dr. Raymond Gautier and included a se-cretary and a few statistical clerks, one biblio-graphical assistant and one draughtsman. Thissmall staff had managed to carry on the twoactivities of the League Health Section whichdid not absolutely require meetings of tech-nical committees, the latter having becomeimpossible under war conditions. These were(r) the Service of Epidemiological Intelligenceand Public Health Statistics ; and (2) theAdministration of International Biological Stan-dards.

r. The Central Office of the Service ofEpidemiological Intelligence and Public HealthStatistics was able to continue, throughout andafter the war, the publication of the WeeklyEpidemiological Record, now in its twenty-firstyear.

The Eastern Bureau, which, before the war,collected telegraphic information from r8oports and all countries along the east coast ofAfrica, the east coast of Asia and islands of theSouth-Western Pacific, continued to functionuntil the Japanese invasion of Singapore inFebruary 1942.

Although the Supervisory Commission of theLeague of Nations had provided funds for there-opening of the Bureau and its functioning in1946, political opposition had prevented this.However, the Allied Military authorities, laterfollowed by the British local health authoritiesin Singapore, resumed the service of Epidemio-logical Intelligence in the East on the patternof the League's Singapore Bureau. At present,a weekly telegraphic bulletin is received inGeneva from Singapore as well as from theAlexandria Bureau.

In agreeing to the transfer of the HealthSection staff to the World Health Organization,the United Nations also agreed to leave to thatstaff the use of its present offices and all materialand other equipment necessary for its work(statistical machines, archives, library facilities,etc.). There was therefore no disruption ofthe epidemiological service, which is in aposition to serve as the nucleus of the Service of

Epidemiological Intelligence and Public Sta-tistics of the World Health Organization, to bestrengthened by the transfer of technical stafffrom UNRRA and eventually from the OfficeInternational d'Hygigne Publique.

The Commission has itself decided to set upa technical committee to review the situationwith regard to Epidemiological Intelligence andmake proposals for the future, both as to thefunctions of the Central Office and RegionalBureaux.

2. As for the Administration of Internation-al Biological Standards, the actual preparationand distribution of these standards had beenmade on behalf of the League of Nations, uponpayment by the latter, by the Statens SerumInstitut in Copenhagen and the Medical Re-search Council Laboratory in Hampstead (Lon-don). Geneva served as a relay for transmissionsof standards during the war, and the Bulletinof the Health Organization, maintained untilnow, published the results of studies on biologi-cal standards carried out by members of thePermanent Committee of Biological Standardsof the League of Nations. Dr. Gautier, Secre-tary of that Committee, was the editor ofthe Bulletin.

The Interim Commission has a definitemandate to continue the work on biologicalstandards without interruption, and it wouldseem that the simplest and most effectivemanner to do so would be to maintain during theinterim period in 1947 the present arrangementand contributions to the Institutes (50,000Swiss francs, or $11,600, to the Copenhagen, and15,000 Swiss francs, or $3,480, to the Hamp-stead Institute). The Interim Commission maywish to set up a small group of experts to reviewthe situation and make proposals for thecontinuation or alteration of the present systemby the World Health Assembly.

3. Other Work. -- The inheritance from theLeague of Nations goes much beyond thefunctions of the two above-mentioned services.It includes the work of a number of technicalcommittees and sub-committees on tuberculosis,cancer, malaria, schistosomiasis, leprosy, nutri-tion, housing, medical education, public healthteaching, social insurance, etc. While theseCommittees have ceased to exist officially, notonly do many of their members remain availablefor technical work, but their traditions, reportsand technical archives will be of great value tothe new technical committees in those branchesof health work which either the Interim Com-mission or the World Health Organizationwill be bound to set up.

-

ANNEXES 20, 21 a - I 00 -

Annex 20. WHO.IC/W.4f .9 November 1946.

DRAFT RESOLUTION CONCERNING THE -OFFICE INTERNATIONAL D'HYGI ENE PUBLIQUE

(Submitted by the representatives from France, India, Mexico and the United States.)

WHEREAS the Arrangement of 22 July 1946provides that one of the functions of the InterimCommission shall be " to take all necessarysteps in accordance with the provisions of theProtocol concerning the Office Internationald'Hygihne Publique signed 22 July 1946 for thetransfer to the Interim Commission of the dutiesand functions of the Office, and to initiate anyaction necessary to facilitate the transfer of theassets and liabilities of the Office to the WorldHealth Organization upon the termination ofthe Rome Agreement of 1907 " (Paragraph2(e)) ;

WHEREAS the Permanent Committee of theOffice International d'Hygihne Publique, on 31October 1946, adopted a resolution which, interalia, authorizes the President, acting in associa-tion with the Commission of Transfer and Financeor with any two of its members acting on behalfof that Commission,

" (a) To make temporary arrangementswith the Interim Commission of the WorldI-tealth Organization whereby that Commis-sion, acting as temporary agent of the Office,shall receive notifications of the occurrenceof outbreaks of disease and of epidemics, asrequired by the Sanitary Conventions, shalltransmit such information to Governmentswhich are parties to the Rome Agreementand to such Sanitary Conventions, and shallprepare and issue the publications 6f theOffice ;

" (b) To take the steps necessary toeffect the transfer to the World Health

Organization or its Interim Commission ofthe duties and functions which are assignedto the Office as soon as the Protocol of 22 July1946 has entered into force ;

" (c) To take any action and make anyarrangements which may appear necessaryin anticipation of the transfer of the assetsand liabilities of the Office to the WorldHealth Organization or its Interim Commis-sion and of the dissolution of the Office, inaccordance with the terms of the above-mentioned Protocol and of the Arrangementof 22 July 1946 ;

THEREFORE BE IT RESOLVED that the InterimCommission, taking note of the resolutionadopted on 31 October 1946 by the PermanentCommittee of the Office in anticipation ofdissolution,

REQUESTS the Executive Secretary and theCommittee appointed by the Chairman ofthe Interim Commission, consisting of the Re-presentatives of Australia, Mexico and theNetherlands, acting in co-operation withthe President and Commission of Transfer andFinance of the Permanent Committee of theOffice, to take any action and to make any ar-rangements .* which may be considered ap-propriate to give effect to paragraph 2(e) ofthe Arrangement of 22 July 1946, and to theResolution adopted by the Permanent Com-mittee on 31 October 1946, and to report to theInterim Commission at its next session onthe measures which have been taken under theterms of this Resolution.

Annex 21. WHOJC/W.f 9.26 October 1946.

NEGOTIATIONS WITH THE PAN AMERICAN SANITARY ORGANIZATION

a. PRESENT STATE OF NEGOTIATIONS BETWEEN THE INTERIM COMMISSION AND THEPAN AMERICAN SANITARY ORGANIZATION


In application of Article 54 of the Constitu-tion of the World Health Organization, whichprovides for the integration of the Pan Ame-rican Sanitary Organization with the WorldHealth Organization, of paragraph i(g) of theArrangement of 22 July 1946, giving to theInterim Commission the task of entering " intothe necessary arrangements with the PanAmerican Sanitary Organization ", and finally,in accordance with a-resolution of:the Committeeon Administration and Finance, the representa-

tives from Brazil, Mexico, the United States ofAmerica and Venezuela were appointed as aCommittee on Negotiations with the PanAmerican Sanitary Bureau.

The Ministers of Foreign Affairs of theirrespective countries were notified of this facton 12 August 1946, as was Surgeon-GeneralHugh S. Cumming, Director of the Pan AmericanSanitary Bureau. In answer (20 August 1946) hestated that neither he nor the Directing Councilof the Bureau had authority to appoint a corres-

- Io - ANNEX 21 a

ponding negotiating group. He mentioned thatthe Pan American Sanitary Conference, schedul-ed to meet in- Caracas on 12 January 1947, couldtake whatever action it saw fit in the matter.

On 27 September, acting at the request ofthe members from Brazil and Venezuela, Dr.Parran, the United States member, requestedSurgeon-General Cumming to ask the DirectingCouncil of the Pan American Sanitary Bureauto appoint a negotiating committee. On 21October, the Executive Secretary received fromSurgeon-General Cumming the annexed letterand Declaration, passed by the DirectingCouncil of the Pan American Sanitary Bureauin Havana, on z o October 1946.

Dr. Parran again wrote to Surgeon-GeneralCumming on 24 October, asking again whetherthe Directing Council of the Pan AmericanSanitary Bureau had appointed the Committee.

The above-mentioned Declaration should beconsidered in the light of any additional infor-mation which may be furnished by members ofthe Negotiating Committee appointed by theInterim Commission.

WHO.IC/WI9 (A ppendix z)

Letter addressed to Dr. Brock Chisholm, Execu-tive Secretary Interim Commission, WHO,by Dr. Hugh S. Cumming, Director, PanAmerican Sanitary Bureau.

21 October 1946.

My dear Doctor Chisholm,

I beg leave to acknowledge receipt of yourvery kind letter of 14 October informing me thatthe Interim Commission of the World HealthOrganization will hold its second session inGeneva from 4 to ro November, that the agendaincludes a study of the relationships between thePan American Sanitary Organization and theWorld Health Organization, and that theNegotiations Committee appointed by thelatter for a preliminary study of these relation-ships will report at the next session of theCommission.

I appreciate very much your courtesy ininviting me to attend the discussions on therelationship between the two organizations.

I note that you have been informed that I wasto participate in the forthcoming meeting of theOffice International d'Hygiène Publique in Paris,and that, should I find myself unable to attendyour meeting in Geneva in person, I would beprivileged to send a deputy.

I have been representing my Governmentsince 1919, twice a year until the interruption-of World War II, as a member of the PermanentCommittee of the Office International d'HygienePublique, and in this capacity, under instructionsfrom my Government, I supported the Office,

and as a matter of fact I first became a memberof the Health Committee of the League ofNations as one of the delegates selected from-the Paris Office. Having served as one of theobstetricians in the birth of the Health Sectionof the League and in looking after the interestsof the Office in its development, I have not feltthat I would be very happy in assisting in theautopsy and burial of either of these organiza-tions ! I am glad to say that I shall not begoing over to the Office meeting.

I am taking the liberty, however, of sendingover to your Geneva meeting to represent thePan American Sanitary Bureau, Dr. AristidesA. Moll, Secretary of the Pan American SanitaryConferences and my Assistant in this Bureau.Dr. Moll, with your permission, will join youin Paris and accompany your group to Geneva.I hope that your transportation authorities willbe good enough to make arrangernents for himto go with you.

In this connexion, you may remember thatI was requested by you as Executive Secretaryof the Interim Commission, and by Dr. Parran,to call a meeting of the Directing Council of thePan American Sanitary Bureau, and to appointa committee to confer with your Commissionregarding the future relationships between ourtwo cirganizations. As I informed both of you, Ihad no authority to appoint such a committee,but I did have authority to convene the Di-recting Council before the meeting of theTwelfth Pan American Sanitary Conference.This Council Met in Havana, Cuba, z -1 o October,at which time I appointed three chief commit-tees : one on finance, one on relationships withother organizations, and the other the usual oneon future programme, particularly with refer-ence to the Twelfth Pan American SanitaryConference.

The committee on relations with other or-ganizations presented a report to the Council,which was unanimously adopted, and I amenclosing a copy of that report herewith.

I have been informed that several membersof your Commission have expressed the opinionthat reservations made by those who havesigned the Constitution of the World HealthDrganization would destroy the Organization.I am quite sure that this is not the case, as Ihave represented my Government upon prac-tically every Conference that has preparedinternational sanitary agreements, and I recallnone of them in which I was not instructed bymy Government to make reservations.

I am quite sure that when we all sit down andconsider the real or ostensible objects of theWorld Health Organization, there may bereached some agreement which will result inincreased benefit to the health of the world atlarge without destroying existing organizationswhich have served a useful purpose in the past.

ANNEX 21 a - 102 -

I can assure you that it was the desire ofevery member of the Directing Council of thePan American Sanitary Bureau not only tocontinue our present co-operation with UNRRA,the Office and the Health Section of the Leagueof Nations so Icing as it lasted, but to increasethis co-operation in every way practicable, atthe same time preserving the interests of theWestern Hemisphere.

I understand that it has been said, possiblythrough ignorance, that the present Pan Ameri-can Sanitary Organization does not includeCanada, and that it cannot do so because ofthe use of the word " Republics ". I think youwill find nothing in the Pan American SanitaryCode that would prevent Canada from be-coming a member at any time. In fact, that hasbeen my desire ever since my first associationwith Dr. Amyot. Canada has been representedat every one of our Conferences for many years,up to and including the last Conference of Na-tional Directors of Health, held in Washington in1944, to which your Government sent two veryable representatives, who took part in all thediscussions and were treated, so far as wecould, as members of the organization.

With kind personal regards, and best wishesfor your success, I remain,

Sincerely yours,Hugh S. CUMMING,

Director.

WHO.IC/WI9 (Appendix z).

Health Declaration of Havana.

THE DIRECTING COUNCIL OF THE PANAMERICAN SANITARY BUREAU, convened inHavana, after being informed of, and givingapproval to, the position taken by its Directorregarding the time and manner of integratingthe Bureau with the World Health Organiza-tion under the provisions of Article 54 of theConstitution signed in New York on 22 Julyof this year, in the exercise of its authority,issues the present

DECLARATION

on the relations of the Pan American SanitaryBureau with the World Health Organization,

which is based on the following facts :

r. That the Governments of the Nationsincluded in the Pan American Union expressedthemselves foresightedly on this subject in theFinal Act of the Chapultepec Conference 1.

" That the Pan American Sanitary Bureau continue to act as thegeneral co-ordinating sanitary agency of the American Republics andof all other countries of the Western Hemisphere that may wish toutilize its services ". " That any world-wide public health organizationduty recognize the continental character of the Pan American SanitaryBureau ". " That the Pan American Sanitary Bureau be given suchfinancial aid, technical and other personnel as may be necessary in orderthat this institution may be in a position to render the best services inits work of co-ordination and technical direction of sanitary activitiesin the Americas ". (Res. XLV, Final Act of the Chapultepec Conference.)

2. That' the Pan American Sanitary Codesigned in Havana in 1924 has the force ofnational law in the twenty-one ContinentalRepublics, and governs Inter-American sanitaryco-operation in all its aspects.

3. That the Governing Board of the PanAmerican Union has repeatedly stated that thecontinental solidarity f the- Republics, mem-bers of the Union, is essential to co-operation ofall kinds among the countries of the New World,this American creed having been reaffirmed bythe President of the United States in a state-ment of 23 September 1946 2, in listing amongthe fundamentals inspiring the internationalpolicy of his country, his belief " that thesovereign States of the Western Hemispherewithout interference from outside the Hemi-

'sphere must work together as good neighboursin the solution of their common problems ".

4. That the San Francisco Assembly, in1945, in establishing the United Nations andadopting its Charter, expressly recognizedtherein the importance of preserving, becauseof their value and their usefulness for the peaceand the social progress of the United Nations,inter-governmental arrangements or agenciesorganized by specific countries in certain geo-graphical areas for the better service of theirregional interests consistent with the purposesof the United Nations, and

5. That the United Nations, in calling aConference to lay the bases for a single WorldHealth Organization, to replace the organiza-tions paralysed by the war, did not specifythat organizations in full operation and capableof achieving, in part, such objective, were todisappear.

To the foregoing facts, the Directing Councilof the Pan American Sanitary Bureau believesit pertinent to add the following

A. - Even though the war paralysed theinternational health organizations then existingin Europe and Asia, and compelled the creationof new ones, the Pan American Sanitary Bureaunot only continued but increased its normaloperations, as its accomplishments show.

B. - The meeting of the Committee ofExperts, in Paris, and the calling of the Inter-national Health Conference of New York thisyear by the Economic and Social Council of theUnited Nations indicate the attempt to establisha World Health Organization.

C. - The American countries have co-operated in this objective, contributing thestrength of their own continental healthorganization, but with the reservations specifiedin the Final Acts drawn up by the two above-mentioned Conferences, to the effect that thePan American Sanitary Bureau shall maintainits present constitution.

See State Department Wireless Bulletin No. 228 of 23 September1946.

103 - ANNEX 21 a, b

THE DIRECTING COUNCIL OF THE PAN AMERICANSANITARY BUREAU, IN VIEW OF THE FOREGOING,

DECLARES :

I. - That the basic policies governing thecontinental co-operation of the American Re-publics cover public health questions.

II. - That the progressive development ofthe Pan American Sanitary Organization hasbeen a determining factor in the medical-socialprogress of the Americas and that this systemshould be maintained, to guarantee the ful-filment of the essential purposes of the WorldHealth Organization.

III. - That, in order to enable the PanAmerican Sanitary Bureau and the WorldHealth Organization to integrate their aims,it is necessary for the Republics members of thePan American Union to define the actual scopeof Article 54 of the Constitution of the WorldHealth Organization, so as to prevent thisintegration from affecting the identity of theBureau, from lessening its administrative au-tonomy, limiting its economic independence,disturbing its essential and progressive develop-ment and from detracting from its character asa continental co-ordinating health organizationof the peoples of the Americas.

IV. - That, to this end, the Governmentsof the American Republics should :make thefollowing reservations when ratifying the NewYork agreements :

(a) The Pan American Sanitary Bureauand its supporting organizations will maintain

their identity, integrity and future develop-ment under their own policies, which will beavailable to all the countries of the Hemi-sphere.

(b) When the Pan American SanitaryBureau is integrated as the American Re-gional Organization, under the Constitutionof the World Health Organization, theprovisions of Chapter XI shall not be applic-able to the Bureau whenever they conflictwith its own policies and statutes.

(c) Finally, the integration agreementwith the World Health Organization shallspecify that the quotas of the Americancountries for the maintenance of the PanAmerican Sanitary Bureau shall be deductiblefrom their respective contributions for themaintenance of the World Health Organiz-ation. This agreement shall be submitted tothe Governing Board of the Pan AmericanUnion for approval.

For the purposes of Article 54 of the Constitu-tion of the World Health Organization, theCouncil considers the Governments of theAmerican Republics to be the competentauthorities, and the Pan American SanitaryConferences to be the interested organizations.

The Directing Council of the Pan AmericanSanitary Bureau requests the Government ofthe Republic of Cuba to transmit this document,signed on ro October, 1946, and entitled theHEALTH DECLARATION OF HAVANA, to the PgnAmerican Union and to the American Govern-ments.

WHO.IC/W.3o.7 November 1946.

b. REPORT OF THE SUB-COMMITTEE ON NEGOTIATIONS WITH THE PAN AMERICAN SANITARYORGANIZATION

The Sub-Committee on Negotiations with thePan American Sanitary Organization was ap-pointed by the Chairman of the Interim Com-mission from among the members of the Com-mittee on Negotiations, under authority grantedduring the first session of the Interim Coin-mission. It is composed of the Representatives ofBrazil, Mexico, the United States and Venezuela.

The Sub-Committee held meetings on 4 and 6

November 1946, in Geneva, having previouslytransacted business by cable and letter. Itexpects to hold several meetings during thecurrent session of the Interim Commission,since it has under consideration several pro-posals concerning the specific content of theWHO-Pan American Sanitary Organizationintegration agreement. Discussions concerningthese proposals have not reached a stage atwhich it is deemed appropriate by the Sub-Committee to present results to the full InterimCommission. The Sub-Committee, however,takes this opportunity to report briefly on itsactivities up to the present time :

At the request of the representatives ofVenezuela and Brazil, Dr. Parran (USA), onbehalf of the Sub-Committee, addressed aletter to Dr. Hugh S. Cumming, as Director ofthe Pan American Sanitary Organization on27 September. This letter requested that theDirecting Council of this Organization, scheduledto meet in Havana, Cuba, on r October, beasked by the Director to appoint a committee todiscuss with the Sub-Committee, in a prelimin-ary manner, the terms under which it might beintegrated with the WHO, as contemplated byArticle 54 of its Constitution. On io October,Dr. Cumming directed a letter from Havanato Dr. Parran, attaching a document approvedby the Directing Council and designated as" The Declaration of Havana ". This declara-tion was also transmitted by Dr. Cumming tothe Executive Secretary of the Interim Com-mission and is reproduced in document WHO.IC/W.19, Annex 21a. It is being studied by theSub-Committee. The 5ub-Committee directsthe attention of the Interim Commission to the

ANNEXES 21 b, c, 22 a - 104 -

fact thkt only one-third of the AmericanRepublics are represented on the DirectingCouncil of the Pan American Sanitary Bureau.

In reply to a second letter from Dr. Parran,asking whether the Directing Council of the PanAmerican Sanitary Organization had appointed anegotiating committee, the Director stated thatthe Directing Council " apparently thought thatthey were not authorized tip do

The Sub-Committee expresses its unanimousposition in support of the earliest possibleacceptance of the Constitution of the WHO byall States, without reservation.

The Sub-Committee looks forward to theopportunity of entering into discussions witha negotiating committee which it hopes will be

appointed by the Twelfth Pan AmericanSanitary Conference (Caracas, Venezuela, 12January 1947), with a view to developing adraft agreement acceptable to the negotiatingcommittee of the two organizations, for pre-sentation to the Interim Commission forconsideration at its third session.

It is recommended that the work of the pre-sent Sub-Committee be continued, and in theevent that an invitation to the Caracas Confer-ence is received from the Government ofVenezuela, that the Sub-Committee be author-ized to represent the Interim Commission andto initiate negotiations on its behalf withany appropriate committee appointed by theTwelfth Pan American Sanitary Conference.


C. CABLES FROM THE VENEZUELAN MINISTER OF HEALTH

7 November 1946.

STAMPAR, Chairman Interim Commission WHO,Palais des Nations, Geneva.

On behalf Venezuelan Government I havethe honour to invite you to take part as anobserver in the Twelfth Pan American HealthConference to be held at Caracas 12-25 January1947.

FERNANDEZ, Health Minister.

Drs. G. B. CRIsHouvi and Yves BIRAUD, kxe-cutive Secretary and Assistant ExecutiveSecretary Interim Commission WHO, Palaisdes Nations, Geneva.

On behalf Venezuelan Government I havethe honour to invite you to take part as obser-vers Twelfth Pan American Health Conferenceto be held at Caracas 12-25 January 1947.

Annex 22.

FERNANDEZ, Health Minister.

T RANSFER OF UNRRA ACTIVITIES


a. TRANSFER OF FUNCTIONS FROM UNRRA TO THE INTERIM COMMISSION

(Note by the Secretariat).

Under the Arrangement signed on 22 July1946 regarding the Interim Commission, thelatter is instructed (Article 2(f)) " to take allnecessary steps for assumption . . . of the dutiesand functions entrusted to the United NationsRelief and Rehabilitation Administration bythe International Sanitary Convention, 1944,modifying the International Sanitary Conven-tion of 21 June 1926 ; the Protocol to Prolongthe International Sanitary" Convention, 1944 ;the International Sanitary Convention forAerial Navigation, 1944, modifying the Inter-national Sanitary Convention for Aerial Navi-gation of 12 April 1933 ; and the Protocol toProlong the International Sanitary Conventionfor Aerial Navigation, 1944".

Moreover, the Commission is empowered (m)" to consider any urgent health problem whichmay be brought to its notice by any Govern-

ment, to give technical advice in regard thereto,to bring urgent health needs to the attention ofGovernments and organizations which maybe in a position to assist, and to take such stepsas may be desirable to co-ordinate any assist-ance such Governments and organizations mayundertake to provide ".

The task of the Interim Commission wastherefore twofold : first, to organize the transferof the epidemiological and " conventional "functions of UNRRA, and then, possibly, todeal with other aspects of UNRRA work, ifrequested and if it saw fit.

Mr. La Guardia, Director-General of UNRRA,acting upon the resolution adopted by theUNRRA Council at its fifth session 'and beinganxious to see that the health tasks of UNRRAshould not be prematurely interrupted, to the,detriment of UNRRA-assisted nations, request-

ed the Chairman of the Interim Commission toappoint representatives to a Committee whichwould discuss the transfer of these functions.The Chairman nominated the members ofthe Commission residing in Washington, Dr.Parran, Dr. de Paula Souza and Dr. SzemingSze, for this Negotiations Committee. TheCommittee met in New York on 12 October andstudied the present situation of UNRRA'sConventional commitments and field healthactivities (see Appendix r, below). The Chair-man, the Executive Secretary and the DeputyExecutive Secretary of the Interim Commissionparticipated in the meeting, together withrepresentatives of the United Nations.

A Sub-Committee of the Negotiations Com-mittee met in Washington on 16 October fora more detailed study of the field programmeof UNRRA (see Appendix 2, page 106). Mr.Davidson, Chairman of the Sub-Committee,drafted the report to the Committee on thismeeting (see Appendix 3, page 108). On 22October, the Sub-Committee met again at LakeSuccess, on the invitation of the United Nations.

It had the benefit of a detailed memorandumprepared by Dr. W. A. Sawyer, Director of theHealth Division of UNRRA, on possible modesof transfer of the various UNRRA health acti-vities (see Appendix 4, page 109).

At the time of the meeting, a formal exchangeof letters took place between the Direc-tor-General of UNRRA and the ExecutiveSecretary of the Interim Commission (seeAppendices 5 and 6, page 113), regardingthe transfer of the epidemiological functionsof UNRRA under the International SanitaryConventions. The Executive Secretary statedthat the Interim Commission was in a positionto undertake to carry out these functions asfrom r December 1946.

The Committee - considered and amended aDraft Agreement (Appendix 7, page 113) betweenthe Director-General of UNRRA and the Exe-cutive Secretary of the Interim Commissionregarding the transfer of the health functionsfrom UNRRA to the WHO, apart from thoserelating to the application of Sanitary Con-ventions. These include :

(a) A programme of fellowships and otheractivities for training public healthpersonnel ;

(b) The formation of medical services inEthiopia ;

(c) A programme in tuberculosis ;

(d)

(e)

A programme in malaria control ;

A programme in general advice andassistance by experts (particularly inChina).

The Agreement provides for funds to betransferred to the Interim Commission to carryout these functions, allocations having beenmade of their estimated cost up to a total of$2,178,750 (Appendix 3, page 108). I Theseprogrammes have been budgeted on a oneyear's basis, starting from r January 1947 in

Europe and r April 1947 in the Far East. TheCommission is, of course, at liberty to spreadthe expenditure of the funds over more thanone year, if this is found desirable. The year 1947was mentioned as a period during which theWorld Health Organization would not yet havefinancial independence nor the possibility ofcovering UNRRA activities in its budget. TheInterim Commission is also at liberty to makea selection among the activities proposed fortransfer.

While the Agreement requires the sanctionof the Interim Commission before becomingoperative, it also requires that of the CentralCommittee of UNRRA.

At the fifth session of the UNRRA Council,in Geneva, 16 August 1946, on the initiativeof Dr. L. Rajchman, representative of Poland,the Council adopted a resolution regarding thesetting up of an International Children's Fundto operate in countries which were victims ofaggression (see Appendix 8, page 114). It decidedthat the " appropriate specialized agencies ofthe United Nations " would be consulted beforeestablishing the required international ma-chinery, and the Interim Commission maytherefore be approached in the future forconsultation regarding the participation of theWHO in the scheme.

Appendix 1.

MINUTES OF THE FIRST MEETING OF THEJOINT COMMITTEE UNRRA-

INTERIM COMMISSION - UNITED NATIONS

(Held in New York, 12 October 1946.)

Temporary Chairman : Mr. FIORELLO H. LAGUARDIA.

Present :

United Nations :Mr. JAN STANCZYK, Director, Social Affairs

Department ;Mr. N. SHALON, Division for Co-ordination

and Liaison.

Interim Commission of the WHO :Dr. ANDRIJA STAMPAR, Chairman, Eco-

nomic and Social Council and Chairman,Interim Commission ;

Dr. SZEMING SZE, China, Representative onthe Interim Commission ;

Dr. H4 VAN ZYLE HYDE, United States, Alter-nate Representative on the Interim Com-mission ;

Dr. G. BROCK CHISHOLM, Executive Secretaryof the Interim Commission ;

Dr. YVES BIRAUD, Deputy Executive Secre-taiy of the Interim Commission.

UNRRA :Mr. FIORELLO H. LA GUARDIA, Director-

GeneralDr. W. A. SAWYER, Division of Health ;

Mr. ALFRED E. DAVIDSON, General Counsel.

ANNEX 22 a - zoó

The meeting was called to order by Director-General Fiore llo H. La Guardia, TemporaryChairman. It was unanimously agreed that heshould act as Chairman during the existence ofthe Committee.

There was general discussion concerning theneed for health services at the conclusion ofUNRRA's work. It was the consensus of themeeting that many of the health services former-ly carried on by UNRRA should be undertakenby Governments themselves. However, it wasrecognized that it would be necessary for theInterim Commission of the WHO to assist Go-vernments in the continuation of such healthservices.

It was made clear that UNRRA was readyto turn over its essential health activities as soonas the Interim Health Commission wouldbe prepared to assume these responsibilities.UNRRA funds available for this work throughthe remainder of 1946 would be turned over tothe Interim Commission when these responsi-bilities were assumed. However, it would benecessary for the Central Committee of UNRRAto approve the transfer of any funds for healthactivities. The Central Committee wouldscrutinize in particular the transfer of any fundsfor the continuation of health operations in1947. UNRRA recognized its responsibilitiesfor health activities through 31 December 1946in Europe and through 31 March 1947 in theFar East.

It was felt that every possible effort should bemade to avoid a break in health services due tothe termination of UNRRA's health activities.

The Committee agreed that it was necessaryfor the Interim Commission to be more than aclearing-house for information and that it shouldassist Governments in the maintenance of theirhealth services. It was also agreed ,that theadministration of the Sanitary Conventionsshould be turned over to the Interim HealthCornmission as of x December, and that thenecessary steps to accomplish this transfershould be undertaken immediately.

Furthermore, it was decided that the mostexpeditions procedure for the transfer ofUNRRA's other health activities would bethrough the appointment of a drafting com-mittee, which would report back to the fullworking group on Tuesday, 22 October. Thefollowing drafting committee was appointed :

Dr. BROCK CHISHOLM,

Dr. SZEMING SZE,

Dr. H. VAN ZYLE HYDE,

Dr. W. A. SAWYER,

Mr. ALFRED E. DAVIDSON.

UNRRA agreed to use its best efforts topresent the drafting committee with as completeinformation as possible on the health pro-grammes, the personnel employed and the fundsnecessary for each country, together with an

estimate of the cost of continuing essentialUNRRA activities.

It was pointed out that some of the activitiesof the Children's Fund and the necessity forobtaining money for this Fund would be relatedto the problem of financing the UNRRAhealth activities which would be undertakenby the Interim Commission.

Appendix 2.

MINUTES OF THE MEETING OF THE SUB-COMMITTEE SET UP BY THE JOINT

COMMITTEE UNRRA- INTERIM COMMISSION-UNITED NATIONS

(Held in Washington, 16 October 1946.)

Chairman : Mr. ALFRED E. DAVIDSON.Present :

United Nations :Mr. JAN STANCZYK, Director, Social Affairs

Department ;Mr. MICHAEL CHELCHOWSKI, Social Affairs

Department ;Dr. A. PONS, Social Affairs Department ;Mr. NESSIM SHALOM, Division for Co-ordination

and Liaison.

Interim Commission of the WHO :Dr. SZEMING SZE, China, Representative ;Dr. H. VAN ZYLE HYDE, United States,

Alternate Member ;Dr. BROCK CHIsHouu, Executive Secretary.

UNRRA :Dr. W. A. SAWYER, Division of Health ;Mr. ALFRED E. DAVIDSON, General Counsel ;

HARRY MARSH, Director of Personnel ;ELINOR WOLF, Secretary.

It was proposed that Mr. Davidson act asChairman, and he called the meeting to order.

He recalled that it had been agreed at themeeting held by the full Committee on 12October that UNRRA operations under theSanitary Conventions would be transferred tothe Interim Commission of the WHO as ofx December. The Chairman read a draft of aletter to Dr. Brock Chisholm, Executive Secre-tary of the Interim Commission of the WHO,proposing formal acceptance of these UNRRAfunctions by the Interim Commission.

Dr. Chisholm then read a draft of his letter ofacceptance.

The Committee agreed to adopt thesedrafts, with such technical changes as might bemade by the General Counsel.

Dr. Sawyer presented a memorandum on theproposed transfer of functions from UNRRA tothe Interim Commission of the WHO, excludingthe above functions relating to the SanitaryConventions. The memorandum included anappendix, giving estimates, for the year 1946,of $235,000 for teachers, fellowships, and lec-

- I 07 - ANNEX 22 a

turers ; $13,000,000 for health in the countriesreceiving UNRRA assistance; and 1,514 (380local, 1,134 international) employees in thefield of health.

At this point Dr. Chisholm requested that thefunctions of the personnel be clarified inrelation to the funds appropriated. He pointedout that the Interim Commission had as yet noauthority to take on administrative functions.

Mr. Davidson suggested informing the fullCommittee that an understanding, had beenreached concerning a health programme andthe transfer of operations other than thosefunctions already adopted under the SanitaryConventions. It would then be appropriate forthe UNRRA representatives to report to theInterim Commission of the WHO on the re-commendations of the joint committee.

Disagreement on the understanding of thebasis on which the money was to be providedmade it necessary to have one paragraph of thememorandum rewritten. The Chairman of theCommittee promised to supply a new text.

Mr. Davidson reported that CommanderJackson had suggested an immediate surveyof the countries receiving health assistance, soas to enable the Interim Commission to bein a practical position to determine the opera-tions it wished to undertake.

He requested that Dr. Sawyer comment onthe various projects in the memorandum underconsideration.

Project in Ethiopia.

Dr. Sawyer raised the subject of the Ethio-pian project as an example of the carrying on ofoperations in a country with few health facilities.He stated that projects of this type wereconsidered highly important by UNRRA andconsistent with the purposes of the WHO, andmentioned that for this particular projectonly four people had been employed but that twomore would greatly facilitate the programme.He pointed out that the programme wouldbecome useless if no further aid were forth-coming. Dr. Hyde mentioned the difficulty ofcontinuing such a programme indefinitely, butDr. Chisholm expressed the belief that a countryof the size of Ethiopia with no medical facilitiesmight be a health menace not only to itself butto the entire world. He suggested that theproject be continued until the WHO itself coulddecide whether to continue it as operating, to

Project

enlarge it or to terminate it. It was the senseof the Committee that for the time being theproject should be continued.

Tuberculosis.

Dr. Sawyer stated that the increased incidenceof tuberculosis was one of the striking setbacksof the war and that it had increased in all theassisted countries. He emphasized the continu-ing need for a central staff to work in a con-sultative capacity, with additional personnelfor assignment to surveys and field work.All the UNRRA-assisted countries, he felt,needed advice and help ; the needs of Greecewere particularly imperative.

It was the consensus of the meeting that thetuberculosis project would be a proper opera-tion to be undertaken by the Interim Commis-sion.

Malaria.

Dr. Sawyer suggested that a similar centraland field staff be established for malaria. Hementioned that malaria had been evidenced infewer UNRRA-assisted countries than had beentuberculosis. All reports proved that themalaria programme had been extremely popularand that eventually complete control might bepossible. He mentioned at this point that amalariologist and six or eight sanitary engineersusing new methods would be required to staffan expert team for a country like Greece. Itwas the consensus that the work in the field ofmalaria should also be undertaken by theInterim - Commission.

Expert Missions.

Dr. Sawyer stressed the need for havingflexible teams, including public health doctors,epidemiologists, and child and maternal healthspecialists. He likewise mentioned that theseteams should be free to, travel from one area toanother, particularly in times of epidemics.Dr. Chisholm pointed out that this wouldgreatly assist the Interim Commission in itshandling of epidemics, for which little provisionhad been made.

Dr. Sawyer gave the following estimatescovering these five items as to minimum budgetcosts and the number of professional personnelinvolved :

Estimated cost(In dollars)

Fellowship training 150,000 (for app. 45)Ethiopia 575,000Tuberculosis 200,000Malaria 200,000Experts Missions 1,300,000

2,025,000

Estimated personnelrequired

2 ad ministrative6

2112

ANNEX 22 a - 108

It was suggested that an additional percentagebe added to cover administrative costs. Mr.Davidson pointed out that this aid would belimited to countries already receiving UNRRAassistance, except in cases of epidemics, wherethe UNRRA charter was sufficiently broad tocover additional expenditure. Neither UNRRAnor the Interim Commission would be res-ponsible for financing the importation orpurchase of supplies.

Dr. Sawyer described, in answer to a questionby Dr. Sze, that ten teachers were doing a highquality job of public, health instruction inChina. All other professional personnel stationedthere were teaching in a broad sense, but theteaching programme as undertaken by UNRRAwas limited to this group of ten.

Dr. Sze protested at a radical reduction ofhealth services and suggested a tapering-offprocess instead.

Mr. Davidson explained, in answer to aquestion as to the possible amount which theCentral Committee might allocate to the In-terim Commission, that it was not likely toapprove a budget in excess of $1,000,000.

Dr. Sze requested that the figures in Dr.Sawyer's report be broken down in an effortto ascertain the effect on each programme of thecut in the budget. He felt that, if the budgetwere cut to $1,000,000, the Central Committeeshould be fully informed of the radical reduc-tion in the health programme which would benecessary.

Dr. Hyde suggested asking for $2,000,000,which would be the minimum amount whichthe Sub-Committee believed adequate to preventserious repercussions in the receiving countries.

It was agreed by the Committee that insteadof the original figure of 1,134 internationalemployees, which included personnel Workingwith displaced persons, etc., approximately 400would be the number required for presentoperations. Mr. Davidson suggested alsobreaking down those international functionswhich, the Committee felt, should be continued.

It was the sense of the meeting that thisfigure of 400 and its corresponding budgetallowance be reduced by two-thirds. TheSub-Committee could then set a figure ofapproXimately $2,000,000 for the total budgetfor 1947, on the principle that a figure shouldbe adopted which could be equivalent tocovering one-third of the health personnelrequired for such health missions on a givendate in 1946.

It was decided that the Sub-Committeewould meet in New York at Lake Success at2.30 p.m. on 22 October, and the full Committeeat 3.30 p.m.

Mr. Davidson asked that any suggestions onthe agreement placed before the members of the

Committee be presented at the Sub-Committee'smeeting on the following Tuesday.

The meeting rose at 5.20 p. m.

Appendix 3.

THE PROPOSED TRANSFER OF HEALTHFUNCTIONS BY THE UNITED NATIONS

RELIEF AND REHABILITATION ADMINIS-TRATION TO THE INTERIM COMMISSION

OF THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION

A Report to the Interim CommissionUNRRAUnited Nations Committee by its

Sub-Committee.

Meetings were held by the Sub-Committeein Washington on 16 October 1946, and at LakeSuccess on 22 October. At the first of thesemeetings there were two main items of business :(i) the procedure for handing over the adminis-tration of the International Sanitary Conven-tions with certain materials, as previouslydecided upon by the Committee, and (2) thetransfer of other functions with necessaryfunds under the terms of UNRRA CouncilResolution 94.

(i) It is recommended by the Sub-Commit-tee that the transfer of the administration ofthe Conventions take place as of z December1946 and that the procedure be initiated on22 October by an exchange of letters betweenthe Director-General of UNRRA and theExecutive Secretary of the Interim Commission.Preliminary drafts of the proposed letters wereread to the Sub-Committee at its first meetingand were approved in principle.

(2) It is recommended that the UNRRAfunctions, together with the essential records,equipment and materials listed below, be handedover to the Interim Commission as of 31 De-cember 1946, in Europe and Ethiopia, and asof 31 March 1947, in the Far East, and thatthe total of the sums shown on the list bepaid from UNRRA funds for carrying on thesefunctions for approximately one year and forthe benefit of the countries now receivingassistance from TJNRRA :

i. Fellowships and Teaching 200,000

2. Project in Ethiopia . . . 175,000

3. Tuberculosis, Consulta-tions and Assistance . 200,000

4. Malaria, Consultationsand Assistance . . . . 200,000

5. Missions of Experts toCountries with SpecialNeeds 1,300,000

6. Administration of AbóveFunctions (5% of$2,075,000) 103,750

Total sum needed 2,178,750

t This figure may be cut down by the Central Committee of UNRRAaccording to a verbal unofficial statement of its Director-General.

- 109 - ANNW¡ 2.2 a

Before the above projects and sums weredecided upon, the Sub-Committee studied theattached Memorandum on the Proposed Trans-fer of Functions from UNRRA to the InterimCommission of the World Health Organization,as prepared by the Health Division of UNRRA,and particularly the three tables which itcontained .

Each of the above items represents anactivity of UNRRA which should be continuedwithout interruption. From the tables it isevident that the sum proposed for each one,except for the project in Ethiopia, is wellbelow the annual amounts which have beenspent by UNRRA, and that there will only bea partial continuation of these activities.

Fellowships and Teaching. - In Table i 1,the amount expended by UNRRA, mostly in1946, is shown as $414,581, as against a proposedtransfer of $200,000. The proposed sum could,for example, provide 45 fellowships at anaverage of $3,300 each for a total of about$150,000, the balance to be spent on teachersand lecturers.

Project in Ethiopia. - This project is nowbeing conducted on a minimum budget, whichshould be continued without reduction, if theprevious investment is not to be lost. Theestimated expenditure for Ethiopia in Tableshows little more than the amounts now beingspent for salaries and operational expenses.

A second medical man was to have beenadded to the staff, but his appointment was notcompleted before recruitment was terminated.This additional man will doubtless still berequired if the project is to be maintained at itspresent general level. If he were added anddue allowance made in the computations, theestimated expenditure for Ethiopia for healthwould be $137,399. To this should be addedabout $38,000 for supervision, inspections fromheadquarters and special supplies. Ethiopia,unlike most of the other countries, receives noproceeds from the sale of UNRRA supplies,which might possibly be allotted to the projectby the Government.

Tuberculosis, Consultation and Assistance.

Malaria, Consultation and Assistance.

These items need little comment beyond thestatements and tables in the attached memoran-dum.

Expert Missions to Countries with Special.Needs. - The Sub-Committee feels thát theneed is especially urgent for continuation of theassistance now being given by UNRRA inthe control of epidemics, such as, for example,cholera and typhus, and in the suppres-sion of other diseases aggravated by thewar, including venereal disease, kala-azar, etc.Then, too, there would be a serious anddiscouraging setback in many countries if the

. See page xu.

personnel should be suddenly withdrawn-those assigned to emergency work in medicalcare, maternal and child health and nutrition,in hospitals, clinics, schools, health centres, andelsewhere.

It is therefore recommended that a sum of$1,300,000 be made available for sending ormaintaining missions of experts to continuehandling such of the health problems as are ofspecial urgency in the several countries. Todetermine the sum needed, the required inter-national professional personnel was first es-timated from Table 32. From the total shown(1,134 persons) there were subtracted : (r) theeight persons in Ethiopia (already considered)and the countries not among the fifteen re-ceiving assistance (Belgium and France) ;(2) the professional health personnel dealingonly with displaced persons in Germany,Austria, Italy, and the Middle East, amountingto about 717 persons ; (3) eleven engagedin malaria work in Greece and Italy ; and(4) eight engaged in tuberculosis work. Therewould remain 390 (1134 less 744). If one-third ofthis number of persons, or 130, was utilized asproposed, the cost for one year would be atleast 130 times $i 0,000 or $1,300,000.

The fifteen countries included among thosereceiving assistance from UNRRA are Albania,Austria, Byelorussia, China, Czechoslovakia,Dodecanese, Ethiopia, Finland, Greece, Hun-gary, Italy, the Philippine Republic, Poland,the Ukraine and Yugoslavia. In Germany,health work is conducted only with relation todisplaced persons. In Korea, the programmeis new and practically limited to the furnishingof supplies.

The Sub-Committee also recommends thatthe employment by the Interim Commissionof any needed members of UNRRA's ex-perienced health staff be facilitated in every waypossible.

The above report is respectfully submitted tothe Interim Commission-UNRRA-United Na-tions Committee.

(Signed): DAVIDSON

(General Counsel) (UNRRA),Chairman of Sub-Committee.

Appendix 4.

MEMORANDUM ON THE PROPOSED TRANSFEROF FUNCTIONS FROM UNRRA TO THE INTERIM

COMMISSION

r. The transfer of the administration of thetwo International Sanitary Conventions of 1944and the Protocols prolonging them is to takeplace as of r December 1946. This date wasdecided upon in a meeting of the UNRRAInterim CommissionUnited Nations Committeeon IX October 1946 in New York. Lettersare to be exchanged between the Director-General of UNRRA and the Executive Secre-tary of the Commission. On the basis of

See page na.

ANNEX 22 a - 110 -

these communications the U.S. State Depart-ment, as Depository of the Conventions, willformally notify the signatory countries, and theHealth Division will also communicate withthem on a more technical basis. The Director-General or his representative will inform theCommission of the records, equipment, andpublications which are now being used inconnection with the administration of theConventions, and which will be turned over tothe Commission. It is understood that the Com-mission has the necessary funds for such ad-ministration.

' 2. The UNRRA-Interim Commission-UnitedNations Committee on r r October appointed aSub-Committee to recommend other healthfunctions of UNRRA which should be turnedover to the Commission and the funds whichshould be transferred with them, under theterms of Resolution 94 of the UNRRA Council,in order to make it possible for the Commissionto accept them. It was suggested by membersof the Committee that the transfer of the func-tions, excepting those of the administration ofthe Conventions, should take place on r January1947 in UNRRA's European Region (includingEthiopia) and on r April 1947 in the Far East,especially China. It was also suggested that theamounts of funds should provide for the con-tinuation of activities for approximately oneyear, to give the Assembly of the World HealthOrganization time to organize and determine itsprogramme and budget. It seemed also thatactivities financed by funds from UNRRAwould have to be for the benefit of the countriespreviously aided by UNRRA. The Sub-Com-mittee will meet on 16 October in Washington,and this memorandum is primarily for the useof its members.

3. Fellowships and Teaching. - One of thefunctions to be considered is the supplying offellowships, travel grants, lecturers and teachersto the countries which were assisted by UNRRA.In Table I 1 there is shown the Uumber of fellow-ships under the present (1946) regular UNRRAfellowship programme, the Nurse-TeacherFellowship programme (1946) and the lectureprogramme, with their approximate costs toUNRRA. The cost of the leCture programmewas borne in considerable part by a voluntaryagency, the Unitarian Service Committee.

The recommendation of a sum for use by theCommission in continuink this educationalactivity is left to the Sub-Committee.

4. Project in Ethiopia. - The UNRRAhealth programme for Ethiopia was inauguratedat the end of the first quarter of 1946. Ethiopia'shealth problems are partly the result of a situa-tion created by the setback to education, theloss of young, educated Ethiopians, the insuffi-ciency of equipment and trained personnel

1 See page xxx.

needed for curative medicine and the almostcomplete lack of preventive services. Thisprogramme includes sanitation and healthprojects with demonstrations for training localpersonnel, courses for sanitary inspectors,dressers, and health visitors, health educationin schools and expert assistance to Governmentofficials. Preliminary impressions indicate thatthe problem of communicable deseases ranksfirst in importance. The staff at present consistsof the Chief Medical Officer, two nursing con-sultants and a sanitary engineer. The totalestimated cost of the health activities is shownin Table 2 1. UNRRA proposes to completeits programme of medical and sanitation suppliesto Ethiopia ; this project is now under wayand will total over $300,000.

5. Tuberculosis Consultations and Assistance.- One of the serious by-products of the warwas a general rise in tuberculosis in the coun-tries which were invaded and subjected todeprivation. The situation is aggravated by thenumerical reduction and disorganization of theinstitutions for the prevention of the disease andcure of its victims. Expert tuberculosis con-sultants provided by UNRRA have madesurveys in the principal countries receivingUNRRA assistance, and have advised andhelped in the planning of control and theimprovement of institutions. Supplies andapparatus useful in tuberculosis work have beengiven to Governments. This work has reacheda high degree of effectiveness in Greece, but theproblem is still so great that continued guidanceand help are needed from an internationalagency.

The work in tuberculosis could be continuedif a small staff of experts and necessary assistantswere attached to the headquarters of the InterimCommission and assigned to UNRRA-assistedcountries for surveys and help in the advance-ment of the work started by UNRRA.

There would be required a chief of the tuber-culosis service and about ten other medicaltuberculosis experts, with equal numbers ofnurses and technicians. The basic salary of thechief and the averages for the medical consul-tants and nurses are about $8,000, $6,500 and$3,900 respectively. X-ray and other apparatusand vehicles have been supplied to the countriesand should remain available.

6. Malaria. - The same pattern could befollowed for malaria, but the countries requiringsuch assistance would be fewer. The possibilitiesof dramatic results, however, from such as-sistance would be much greater. There shouldbe a central medical malaria officer, or malario-logist, with two or three assistants, and a numberof sanitary engineers and entomologists trained

- I I I - ANNEX 22 4

Table 1. - FELLOWSHIPS, LECTURERS AND TEACHERS

Country

Austria .

ChinaCzechcislovakiaGreeceItalyPolandUkraine . .

Yugoslavia.

Totals .

Fellowships---Number

12

Regular

1944-45

Cost

$34,800

RegularFellowships

1946....---.......,.......-,

Number Cost

I86

46

52

2

Nurse-TeacherFellowships

1946-Number Cost

202018

172719

Lecturers 1946

----Number Cost

14 $9,998

12 $12,153

Teachers 1944-46

../.........^.........,

Number Cost

II $80,3751

1

12 $34,800 34 $88,400 121 $188,855 26 $22,151 I I $80,375

1 Additional cost borne by a voluntary agency.Grand Total : Persons, 204. Cost, $414,381.

Table 2. - EXPENDITURES FOR HEALTH IN ASSISTED COUNTRIES

Total Health Percentage 4th Quarter 1946 4th Quarter 1946 Annual 1946Countries International International Health of Estimated Estimated Health Estimated Health

Personnel Personnel Total Expenditure d

Headquarters, $ U.S.A.

Washington . 1,527 23 1.5 3,255,000 aEuropean Regio-

nal Office 1,437 24 1.7 1,350,000 3Albania . . 42 2 4.8 90,820Austria . . 547 59 P io.8 632.811Belgium n . I I o o 35,528Byelorussia. I 3 o o 23,882China 1,354 192 14.2 3,369,450 aCzechoslovakia 40 b I b 2.5 201,133Denmark n . 3 o o 15,600Dodecanese . 26 3 11.5 34,682Ethiopia. . . 18 6 33.3 88,076Finland . . . 4 o o 19,638France " . . 123 2 1.6 476.237Germany b 640 e 13.4 5,019,994° 4,743Greece 347 ioo 28.8 1,347,007Hungary. I0 I 10.0 37,479Italy 535 59 c 11.0 14,191,927KoreaMiddle East . 53 17 ° 32.1 345,464Netherlands " 15 o o 17,099Norway ° . . 3 o o 13,126Philippines. . 2

Poland . . . 162 13 8.o 270,570Switzerland " 2 0 o 4,618Ukraine . . 6 1 16.7 25,200Yugoslavia. 138 12 8.7 483,701

Totals . 11,161 1,155 $31,349,042

Personnel figures are as of 30 September 1946 except where otherwise indicated.a Estimated 3rd quarter 1946.b As of 31 August 2946.c Professional personnel only as of 30 Julie 1946.d Includes local currency expenditures by country missions.n Not regularly classified as a receiving country.p Professional personnel only.

Expenditure

$ U.S.A.

48.925

22,950

Expenditure

$ U.S.A.

195,700

91,8004,359 17,436

68,344 273.376

478,642 1,913,8485,028 20,112

3,988 15,95229,329 117,316

7,620 30,480672,679 2,690,716387,938 1,551,752

3,748 14,9921,561,112 6,244,448

110,894 443,576

21,646 86,584

4,208 16,83242,082 168,328

$3,473,312 $13,893,248

'ANNEX 22 a - ..112 -

Table 3. - INTERNATIONAL AND LOCAL PROFESSIONAL HEALTH PERSONNEL BY PROFESSION AND

PLACE OF DUTY, 30 JUNE 1946

Place of duty ,

Headquarters, Wash-ington

European RegionalOffice

Albania

Doctors

7

i 01

International Employees

Sanitaryengineers

I

0o

Otherprofessions

4

Io

Total

14

151

LocalEmployees

o

oo

Dentists

o

2

o

Nurses

2

2

oAustria 36 I 28 0 0 65 oBelgium I o 1 o o 2 3Byelorussia 1 o o o o i oChina 90 i8 32 14 20 179 5 2

Czechoslovakia 1 o o o o I 1

Dodecanese I o 5 0 0 6 oEthiopia I o 2 I 0 4 oFrance 2 0 o o o 2 2

Germany 280 7 348 4 1 64 o 43 3Greece 27 I 52 8 26 114 10Hungary. . . o o o o o o 1

Italy 18 I 27 2 I I 59 79 4Middle East . 4 o 9 2 2 17 IPoland 4 0 2 2 I 9 4Ukraine I o o o o I oYugoslavia 4 0 2 2 I 9 5

489 30 512 36 67 1,134 1 5 4

1,134

Grand Total 1 , 2 8 8

No professional health personnel in Finland or the Philippines, where activity is exclusively on supplies.2 Only those at China Office headquarters.a Including 34 Doctors and 9 Nurses.

Including 25 Doctors, to Dentists, 44 Nurses.

in field work for assignment to the countriesstill requiring assistance. In Greece, for example,there are now six UNRRA sanitary engineers,two teacher pilots and additional Greek personneloccupied in malaria work (see Table 3 above).A few entomologists and one or two teacher-pilots would also probably be necessary. Tothe countries in greatest need, large quantitiesof supplies, sent by UNRRA, are still arriving.There are also vehicles which should remainavailable. Moreover, it should be possible toarrange to obtain the allotment of part ofthe funds from the sale of UNRRA goods formalaria work and other health activities.

7. Expert Missions to Countries with SpecialNeeds. - From Table 2 one will get an idea ofthe over-all cost of the UNRRA health workin each country assisted. There are specialneeds and unforeseeable epidemic emergencieswhich will need attention in 1947. It is suggestedthat a suitable number of medical officers andother professional staff trained in public healthand epidemiology should be employed and

assigned on missions in countries where mostneeded for continuing the work of UNRRA indisease control, epidemic prevention and healthinvestigation. Among the diseases to be con-sidered are cholera, kala-azar, plague, typhus,and venereal diseases. Nutrition and starvation,child and maternal health, and the physicalrehabilitation of the maimed and disabled mayalso require expert investigation and assistance.This type of activity would be particularlyneeded in China, where the largest of UNRRA'shealth programmes began late and has onlyrecently reached its peak.

8. Personnel. - Many experienced mem-bers of the staff of the UNRRA Health Divisionwill soon be released, and among them thereshould be a considerable number who would beuseful in the programme of the Interim Com-mission. Every assistance will be given by theDirector of Health in helping the officers of theCommission to make contacts with such per-sonnel and to learn of their qualifications.

- 113 - ANNEX 22 a

Appendix 5.

LETTER ADDRESSED TO DR. BROCK CHISHOLM,EXECUTIVE SECRETARY, INTERIM COMMISSION,WHO, BY MR. F. H. LA GUARDIA, DIRECTOR-

GENERAL, UNRRA

22 October 1946.

Sir,

In accordance with our discussion at themeeting held on Friday, I I October 1946, of theInterim Commission-UNRRA-United NationsCommittee concerning the transfer, pursuantto Resolution 94, of the duties and functionsrelating to the administration of certain SanitaryConventions entrusted to UNRRA under Reso-lutions 52 and 85 of the UNRRA Council, Ipropose that such duties and functions beassumed by the Interim Commission as fromr December 1946. The duties and functionsentrusted to the Administration under Reso-lutions 52 and 85 are specified in the Inter-national Sanitary Convention of 1944, modifyingthe International Sanitary Convention of 21June 1926 ; the Protocol to prolong the Inter-national Sanitary Convention 1944 ; the Inter-national Sanitary Convention for Aerial Navi-gation 1944, modifying the International Sani-tary Convention for Aerial Navigation of12 April 1933 ; and the Protocol to prolong theInternational Sanitary Convention for AerialNavigation 1944.

The Administration, upon receipt of theacceptance by the Interim Commission of thisproposal, will notify the Governments concernedof the transfer and of thethe Department of State of the United Statesof America, which is the depository of the above-named Conventions and Protocols. In addition,the Administration will transfer to the InterimCommission such of its records, equipment andother materials as are necessary to enable theInterim Commission to assume these duties andfunctions. A list of the records, equipment andother materials proposed to be transferred isenclosed herewith 1.

Very truly yours,(Signed) F. H. LA GUARDIA.

Appendix 6.

LETTER ADDRESSED TO MR. F. H. LA GUARDIA,DIRECTOR-GENERAL, UNRRA, BY DR. BROCKCHISHOLM, EXECUTIVE SECRETARY, INTERIM

COMMISSION, WHO

22 October 1946.Dear Mr. La Guardia,

In response to your letter of October, I havethe honour to inform you, in pursuance ofparagraph 2(f) of the Arrangement concludedon 22 July 1946 by 61 Governments represented

". The list included : three calculators, files and collections of docu-ments.

on the International Health Conference (whichassigned to the Interim Commission of theWorld Health Organization the task of taking allnecessary steps for assumption by that Commis-sion of the duties and functions entrusted to theUnited Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Ad-ministration by the International SanitaryConventions 1944 and the Protocols to prolongthem), that the Interim Commission will under-take to carry out, as of r December 1946, theduties and functions which have been performedby the United Nations Relief and Rehabilita-tion Administfation under the InternationalSanitary Conventions. I should be grateful ifyou would make the necessary arrangementsto notify the Governments now parties to theseconventions of that fact.

I shall be glad, with your permission, to makewith Dr. IV. A. Sawyer, Director of Health,UNRRA, the practical arrangements for thetransfer of these functions, together with therelevant materials, records and equipmentwhich you have offered to the Interim Com-mission and which we gratefully accept.

Yours very sincerely,(Signed) Brock CHISHOLM.

Appendix 7.

DRAFT AGREEMENT

Lake Success, New York,22 October 1946.

The United Nations Relief and RehabilitationAdministration (hereinafter referred to as the" Administration ") represented by F. H. LaGuardia, Director-General, acting pursuant tothe Agreement of the United Nations Relief andRehabilitation Administration signed on . . .

and Resolution 94 enacted at the Fifth Sessionof the UNRRA Council and

The Interim Commission of the WorldHealth Organization (hereinafter referred to asthe " Commission ") represented by . . .

Executive Secretary, acting pursuant to theArrangement concluded by the Governmentsrepresented at the International Health Confer-ence on 22 July 1946,

HEREBY AGREE as follows :

1. As from r January 1947 in Europe, andApril 1947 in the Far East, the Commission

undertakes, within the limits of its competenceand available funds, to perform and continue onbehalf of the Administration, functions of theAdministration in furnishing technical adviceand other assistance in the field of health to thecountries in receipt of assistance from the Admi-nistration (hereinafter referred to as " UNRRAcountries "). Such advice and assistance shallinclude the performance and continuation ofthe following programmes of the Administra-tion :

(a) Programme of fellowships and othereducational activities to provide training

ANNEX 22 a I 14 -

in the field of public health and medichneto suitably qualified personnel ;

(b) Programme to assist Ethiopia in thedevelopment of indigenous medical andnursing services ;

(c) Programme in tuberculosis, providing astaff of tuberculosis specialists availablefor advice and assistance in the controlof tuberculosis ;

(d) Programme of malaria control ;

(e) Programme of general advice and assist-ance in public health and medicine,providing missions of experts and placingspecial emphasis on the needs of China.

The extent to which these programmes are tobe carried forward shall be established by theCommission 1.

2. The Administration will, as authorized bythe Central Committee on . . . day, pay andtransfer to the Commission from the availableresources of UNRRA . . . dollars for theperformance of the foregoing functions by theCommission on behalf of UNRRA in accordancewith this agreement, the Commission havinginformed the Administration that it does nothave other resources available for financing theperformance of these functions. The Adminis-tration also agrees to furnish to the Commissionfor the performance of the foregoing functionssuch of the Administration's records, equip-ment and material relating to its health func-tions as may be required by the Commission.The Administration further agrees that theCommission may assign its obligations, anyunexpended funds and any records, equipmentand materials received hereunder to the WorldHealth Organization, provided the WorldHealth Organization undertakes to perform andcontinue the activities to be financed by suchfunds. In addition, the Administration agrees tomake every effort to obtain the agreement ofGovernments of UNRRA countries whichreceive assistance from the Commission to makeavailable to the Commission such portions ofthe funds derived from the proceeds of sale ofUNRRA supplies as may be necessary to coverthe local currency expenditure incurred in theexecution of the above programmes.

3. The Administration will assist the Execu-tive Secretary of the Commission in the seléctionof such members of the staff of its Health Divi-sion as he may desire to appoint to the staff ofthe Commission.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF :

Date

I " in consultation with the Governments concerned".The Interim Commission approved this Agreement, with the addition

noted above. (See Annex 2.2C, page 115 ; also pages aS, 27.)

Appendix 8.

UNITED NATIONS RELIEFAND REHABILITATION ADMINISTRATION

FIFTH SESSION OF THE COUNCIL

Resolution No. 103, relating to the rehabilitationof the children and adolescents of countries which

were victims of aggression.

(As adopted by the Council at the eleventhplenary meeting on n6 August 1946.)

WHEREAS, the rehabilitation of the childrenand adolescents of countries which were thevictims of aggression is of paramount importance

'for the achievement of recovery ; and

WHEREAS those countries have undertakenor are undertaking co-ordinated national pro-grammes to achieve this end, which they regardas one of vital national interest and which willrequire emergency action by them over a periodof years ; and

WHEREAS these national programmes cannotbe carried into effect without imports of certaintypes of food and equipment as well as reciprocalarrangements for technical services ; and

WHEREAS international assistance in thecompletion of these programmes is desirable andwould further be helped by the co-ordination ofthe work of Governments and voluntaryagencies on an international basis ; it is therefore

RESOLVED :

n. That such assets as the Central Committeemay determine to be available after completionof the work of UNRRA shall be utilized for thebenefits of children and adolescents ;

2. That such purpose might effectively andappropriately be served by the creation of anInternational Children's Fund to which suchassets would be transferred, together with anygifts for this purpose and for child health pur-poses generally which may be made by Govern-ments, voluntary agencies, individual and othersources ;

3. That a Standing Committee of the Councilbe set up to prepare recommendations, in agree-ment with the Economic and Social Councilof the United Nations and after consultingappropriate specialized agencies of the UnitedNations and such voluntary agencies as theStanding Committee may determine, with aview to the establishment of internationalmachirlery, and to report to the Council or theCentral Committee :

(a) On the steps which should be taken toorganize effectively and without delaythe proposed activities, and

(b) On the response which might be obtainedfrom the several possible sources offunds ; and

- /15 - ANN= 22 a, b, c, d

4. That such Standing Committee shall becomposed of the members of the Council re-presented on the Central Committee or theiralternates, together with the members of the

Council or their alternates, representing Greece,Norway, Poland, Denmark and the UkrainianS.S.R.

WHO.IC/W.24.Geneva, 4 November 1946.

b. TELEGRAM CONCERNING THE TRANSFER OF FUNCTIONS FROM UNRRA TOTHE INTERIM COMMISSION

To : Dr. Brock CHISHOLM, Executive Secretary,Interiin Commission, WHO.

From : Mr. F. H. LA GUARDIA, Director-General,UNRRA.

Washington D.C., 2 November 1946.

1. UNRRA Central Committee has approvedin principle proposed agreement for transfer ofUNRRA health functions to Interim Commis-sion of WHO.

2. Central Committee has also approvedturnover of 1,500,000 dollars to Interim Com-

mission for continued performance of functionsunder Agreement.

3. It is hoped that, as part of continuanceof UNRRA functions and responsibility andin connection with technical advice to receivingGovernments, it can be arranged that InterimCommission will co-operate in carrying outobservation of distribution of health suppliesshipped by UNRRA which arrive after take-over date, along lines of present UNRRA ob-servation.

WHO.IC/W.44-ro November 1946.

C. DRAFT RESOLUTION ON THE TRANSFER OF UNRRA HEALTH FUNCTIONS TOTHE INTERIM COMMISSION

proposed by the Sub-Committee on Negotiations with UNRRA on 9 November 1946.

RESOLVED :

1. That the Interim Commission approvesthe action of its Executive Secretary as em-bodied in the exchange of letters between theDirector-General of UNRRA and the ExecutiveSecretary, whereby the Interim Commissionagrees to assume the functions of UNRRAunder the International Sinitary Conventionsas of i December 1946 ;

2. That the Interim Commission authorizesits President or Executive Secretary to signthe Draft Agreement set out in Appendix 7of document WHO.IC/W.r3 (see page 113),with the addition of the following words at theend of the last sentence of paragraph i : " inconsultation with the Governments concerned " ;

3. That the Interim Commission accepts thesuggestion contained in the telegram from theDirector-General of UNRRA of 2 November(document WHO.IC/W.24, Annex 22b above),to co-operate as far as possible in affording

d. DRAFT

technical advice to Governments upon theirrequest in the distribution of medical supplies,but regrets that it finds itself unable to co-operate in carrying out the observation of thedistribution of supplies along the lines ofpresent UNRRA observation ;

4. That the Interim Commission authorizesa provisional budget allocation of the sum of1,500,000 dollars 1 ;

5. That the Interim Commission recognizeswith gratitude the foresight and generosity ofUNRRA in offering to make available such asubstantial sum of money for continuationof these activities. At the same time the Com-mission expresses its high appreciation of theconstructive work of UNRRA in the field ofhealth, which has given life and hope to millionsof persons in war-torn countries.

1 " to carry out the terms of the agreement with UNRRA, in orderto make possible the execution of the tasks set out in the agreement andto defray administrative expenses."

This resolution was adopted by the Interim Commission, with theaddition of the phrase noted above (see pages 26-27).

WHO.IC/RW.2.13 November 1946.

MINUTES OF THE SUB-COMMITTEE ON NEGOTIATIONS WITH UNRRAHeld in Geneva, 9 November 1946, at 5 p.m.

Dr. W. H. KAUNTZE (United Kingdom),Dr. J. A. Doom., (United States of America),

of Dr. F. G. KROTKOV (Union of Soviet SocialistRepublics),

Dr. N. M. GOODMAN (UNRRA),Mr. G. E. YATES (United Nations),

Present : Members :

Dr. Thomas PARRAN (United StatesAmerica) (Chairman),

Dr. G. H. DE PAULA SOUZA (Brazil),Dr. Karl EVANG (Norway),

ANNEX 22 d. - ii6 -Secretariat :

Dr. Y. BIRAUD, Deputy Executive Secretary.

In the absence of a chairman, Dr. BIRAUD, theDeputy Executive Secretary, declared themeeting open.

On the proposal of Dr. KAUNTZE, seconded byDr. EVANG, Dr. PARRAN was elected Chairman.

The CHAIRMAN outlined the steps that hadled up to the transfer of UNRRA health func-tions to the Interim Commission. If the Com-mission approved the Draft Agreement (see An-nex 22a, Appendix 7) drawn up by the JointUNRRA-Interim Commission-United NationsCommittee, then the task of the Sub-Committeewould be a simple one-to draft the resolutionaccepting this Agreement. A tentative resolutionhad been drawn up by Dr. Goodman, represent-ing UNRRA.

Dr. DE PAULA SOUZA suggested that theSub-Committee should at once proceed to theexamination of the draft resolution 1. Thiswas agreed.

Paragraph I was adopted without comment.

In considering paragraph 2, Dr. GOODMANsuggested that the words " in consultation withthe Governments concerned " should be addedto the last paragraph of number x of the draftAgreement (p. 24, document WHO.IC/W.I3).(Appendix 7, document WHO.IC/W.I3, page 114).This also was agreed.

With regard to paragraph 3, Dr. KROTKOVstated that he would like further information.

The CHAIRMAN described the situation thathad arisen as a result of the receipt of Mr. LaGuardia's cable (document WHO.IC/W.24, An-nex 22f). He listed the three major activities ofUNRRA as being :

(1) The furnishing of medical supplies ;

(2) The supply of expert commissions andassistance in the control of epidemics ;and

(3) The medical care of displaced persons.

The present Agreement did not contemplatethe distribution of any substantial medicalsupplies ; UNRRA would still make someshipments in the weeks to come, so that somesupplies would arrive after the UNRRA oper-ation had ceased, when the Interim Commissionwould be carrying on its activities.

When debating the matter on the previousday, however, the Commission had not agreedto undertake these police duties, but had decidedthat it " would co-operate as far as possiblein affording technical advice to Governments "-here it had been suggested adding the words" upon their request .

Dr. KROTKOV found paragraph 3 acceptablewith the addition of the words " upon theirrequest ". This addition was adopted.

The resolution as amended by this Sub-Committee is given in docu-ment WHO.IC/W.44, A nnex 2C, page "5:

As for paragraph 4, the CHAIRMAN recalledthat during the discussions in New York it hadbeen made clear that the Interim Commissionwould be free to make any re-distribution offunds which it thought fit. He proposed to endparagraph 4 after the word " dollars ", andto leave it to the Committee on Administrationand Finance to apportion the sums.

Dr. EVANG shared the Chairman's view.

Dr. KROTKOV agreed with the proposal of theChairman. Although he thought it unnecessaryto take any immediate decision as to the detailedexpenditure on the six items listed, it seemedadvisable to suggest to the Committee onAdministration and Finance that it should seeto it that the pressing needs of some countries intheir fight against tuberculosis, malaria andepidemics in devastated areas were met first.

Dr. GOODMAN emphasized that practicallythe only limitation imposed on the acceptanceof this UNRRA gift was that the UNRRA healthfunctions should be continued ; the Commissionwas thereforo committed to the continuance ofrelief work already begun. With the funds inquestion new work in other countries could notbe started.

Dr. KROTKOV accepted Dr. Goodman's ex-planation ; but as to the distribution of thefund into the six items listed, he proposed thatthe amounts for items (a) fellowships, etc.,and (e) missions of experts should be reducedand the sums for (b), (c) and (cl) correspondinglyincreased. This might be done in the form of arecommendation to the Committee on Adminis-tration and Finance.

The CHAIRMAN stated that, while recognizingthe importance of these three items, he recalledthat the major part of the sum for item (e)$91o,000, was to meet the special needs o-China for experts. Unfortunately the reprefsentative from China was not present. Regard-ing item (a) fellowships, this item was budgetedfor the coming year and was in effect alreadyset aside for fellows who had begun but not yetfinished their training, and also for their ultimaterepatriation.

Dr. KROTKOV said that he found it difficult toexpress an opinion, as he had not been presentwhen the representative from China had apress-ed his views. He wished, however, to maintainhis point, as he considered that item (e) wouldnot call for expenditure of the whole sum of$910,000 ; it could be cut, and the surplusdevoted to the other items. It would not benecessary to pass a special resolution that thesums for general sanitary measures should beincreased ; it would be sufficient if this wereexpressed as the wish of the members of theSub-Committee.

The CHAIRMAN said that he would be glad topresent this suggestion to the Committee as

- 117 - ANNEX 22 ir

Dr. Krotkov's recommendation, but was nothimself sure whether without more exactinformation he could agree on increasing ordecreasing expenditure on individual items.

He repeated his suggestion that the Sub-Committee should delete that part of paragraph4 which gave details and leave it to the Com-mittee on Administration and Finance to setup a detailed budget.

Dr. KROTKOV said that he would accept thissuggestion, and Dr. EVANG supported therecommendation of Dr. Krotkov.

Dr. DE PAULA SOUZA thought that the decisionto accept the lump sum without making detailedspecification, leaving this task to the Committeeon Administration and Finance, was thedesirable one. He agreed, for instance, that tiresum of $140,000 for tuberculosis control (item e)was totally inadequate. As an example, hecited the case of a country already receivingaid-Greece--where in a population of sevenmillion inhabitants there were half-a-millioncases of tuberculosis-roo,000 open cases, withonly 4,000 available beds. If the Commissionwere going to work on a real public healthprinciple of diminishing the rate of increaseand preventing the dissemination of tuberculosis,sums much larger than $140,000 would be es-sential. Other money should be found in orderto make good use of the sum already allocated.For this reason he was also anxious that theCommission give careful consideration to theapportionment of the lump sum, and in thissense he would be very glad to support Dr.Krotkov's proposal.

The CHAIRMAN said that the health pro-gramme pursued in any given country was notdecided upon in Washington, London or else-where, but in the country itself, in accordancewith its own wishes. He therefore felt somehesitation in associating himself with Dr.Krotkov on this subject.

Dr. KROTKOV apologized for returning to thequestion, but stated that he considered it one ofprimary importance. He drew attention toTable 3 in document WHO.IC/W.I3 (page 112).The figure given there of 640 persons forGermany, to be paid from the funds of the Com-mission, was excessive ; he also thought thatthe number of persons to be sent to China-r79-was too great, and that it would be moreefficient to spend the money on taking actual

measures in fighting malaria, tuberculosis andepidemics. He again urged that the Committeeon Administration and Finance should considerhis proposal. Details could be worked out later,but it was essential to agree on the principle.

The CHAIRMAN explained that none of the 640persons listed for Germany would be paid fromthe budget of $1,500,000, as these persons wereoccupied in the care of displaced persons.

Dr. BIRAUD specified that, while indicationsmight be given to the Secretariat to proceedwith the reshuffling of the items for the controlof malaria, etc., nevertheless, in connexion withthe money given by UNRRA, one of the essen-tial duties of the Secretariat was to carry onfor a certain time the work that had _actuallybeen in operation, and to finish it at an earlydate in 1947, whether in Greece, Italy, China, orelsewhere. It would not be possible to departfrom this principle.

He added that in the case of China, theexperts in the field did not compose scientificmissions proper so much as training missions forsurgery, public health, nursing, etc. It wascertain that an abrupt interruption of the workwould prejudice the interests of China and ofpublic health in general. While emphasisshould be placed as much as possible on malariaand kindred problems, it would not be practic-able to drop the other projects.

It was decided that paragraph 4 should endwith the word " dollars " and that in draftingthe report of the Committee, the Chairmanwould refer to the views of Dr. Krotkov, support-ed by Dr. Evang, " that consideration should begiven to the possibility of reducing the fundsbudgeted for fellowships and experts in favourof intensifying and enlarging programmes fortuberculosis, malaria and sanitary measures ".

Paragraph 5 was then considered, and Dr.Dom-1, proposed that this text should be re-placed by the following : " The Interim Com-mission recognizes with gratitude the foresightand generosity of UNRRA in offering to makeavailable such a substantial sum of money forcontinuation of these activities. At the sametime, the Commission expresses its high ap-preciation of the constructive work of UNRRAin the field of health, _which has given life andhope to millions of persons in war-torn coun-tries."

This substitution was accepted (see documentWHO.IC/W.44, Annex -22C, page I .5).

The meeting rose at.6.20 p.m.

ANNEX 23 a - I 1 --


AGREEMENT WITH THE UNITED NATIONS

a. D RAFT MASTER AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE UNITED NATIONS AND THE WORLD HEALTHORGANIZATION 1

(submitted by the Executive Secretary).

PREAMBLE

Article 57 of the Charter of the United Nationsprovides that specialized agencies established byinter-governmental agreement and having wideinternational responsibilities as defined in theirbasic instruments in economic, social, cultural,educational, health and related fields shall bebrought into relationship with the UnitedNations.

Article 69 of the Constitution of the WorldHealth Organization provides (i) that theOrganization shall be brought into relationwith the United Nations as one of the specializedagencies referred to in Article 57 of the Charterand (2) that the agreement or agreementsestablishing such relationship shall be subjectto approval by a two-thirds vote of the HealthAssembly.

Therefore, the United Nations and the WorldHealth Organization agree as follows :

Article I.

The United Nations recognizes the WorldHealth Organization as a specialized agencyresponsible for taking such action as may beappropriate under its basic instrument for theaccomplishment of the objective set forththerein.

Article II. - Reciprocal Representation.

r. Representatives of the United Nations shallbe invited to attend the meetings of the WorldHealth Assembly and of the Executive Board, aswell as those meetings of their committeesand of general, regional or other special confer-ences convened by the World Health Organiz-ation, [the agenda of which includes items inwhich the United Nations has indicated aspecific interest.] The participation of repre-sentatives of the United Nations in the delibe-rations of all -these bodies shall be without vote.

2. Representatives of the World HealthOrganization shall be invited to attend meetingsof the Economic and Social Council of the UnitedNations (hereinafter called the " Council ")and of its commissions and committees and toparticipate, without vote, in the deliberationsof these bodies with respect to items on theiragenda in which the World Health Organiz-

Substantive provisions differing materially from, or not appearingin, the text of any of the draft agreements between the United Nationsand other specialired agencies are set off by square brackets [] in thisdraft.

ation has indicated that it has a [specific]interest.

3. Representatives of the World HealthOrganization shall be invited to attend in aconsultative capacity meetings of the GeneralAssembly and shall be afforded full opportunityfor presenting to the General Assembly theviews of the World Health Organization onquestions within the scope of its competence.

4. Representatives of the World HealthOrganization shall be invited to attend meetingsof the Main Committees of the General Assemblyin which the World Health Organization hasan interest, and to participate, without vote,in the deliberations thereof.

5. Representatives of the World HealthOrganization shall be invited to attend themeetings of the Trusteeship Council and toparticipate, without vote, in the deliberationsthereof with respect to items on the agenda inwhich the World Health Organization hasindicated that it has an interest.

6. Written statements of the World HealthOrganization shall be distributed as soon aspracticable by the Secretariat of the UnitedNations to all members of the principal andsubsidiary organs of the United Nations,including their commissions and committees,as appropriate. Reciprocally, written state-ments of the principal and subsidiary organsand their commissions and committees shall bedistributed as soon as practicable by the Se-cretariat of the Organization to all members ofthe Health Assembly or Executive Board, asappropriate.

Article III. - Proposal of Agenda Items.

Subject to s'uch preliminary consultation asmay be necessary, the World Health Organiz-ation shall include on the agenda of the HealthAssembly or Executive Board, as appropriate,items proposed to it by the United Nations.Similarly, the Council and its commissions andthe Trusteeship Council shall include on theiragenda items proposed by the World HealthOrganization.

Article IV. - Recommendations of theUnited Nations.

r. The World Health Organization, havingregard to the obligation of the United Nationsto promote the objectives set forth in Article 55of the Charter and the function and power ofthe Council, under Article 62 of the Charter, to

- r19 - ANNEX 23 a

make or initiate studies and reports with respectto international economic, social, cultural,educational, health and related matters and tomake recommendations concerning these mat-ters to the specialized agencies concerned, andhaving regard, also, to the responsibility of theUnited Nations, under Articles 58 and 63 ofthe Charter, to make recommendations forthe co-ordination of the policies and activitiesof such specialized agencies, agrees to arrangeto submit, as soon as possible, to the ExecutiveBoard, Health Assembly or such other organ ofthe World Health Organization as may beappropriate all formal recommendations whichthe United Nations may make to it.

2. The World Health Organization agrees toenter into consultation with the United Nationsupon request with respect to such recommend-ations, and in due course to report to the UnitedNations on the action taken by the Organiz-ation or by its Members to give effect to suchrecommendations or on the other results of theirconsideration.

3. The World Health Organization affirmsits intention of co-operating in whatever furthermeasures may be necessary to make the co-ordination of the activities of specialized agenciesand those of the United Nations fully effective.In particular, it agrees to participate in, andto co-operate with, any body or bodies which theCouncil may establish for the purpose of fa-cilitating such co-ordination and to furnish suchinformation as may be required for the carryingout of this purpose.

Article V. - Exchange of Information andDocuments.

1. Subject to such arrangements as may benecessary for the safeguarding of confidentialmaterial, the fullest and promptest exchange ofinformation and documents shall be madebetween the United Nations and the WorldHealth Organization.

2. Without prejudice to the generality of theprovisions of paragraph z :

(a) The World Health Organization agrees totransmit to the United Nations regularreports on the activities of the WorldHealth Organization ;

(b) The World Health Organization agreesto comply to the fullest extent practic-able with any request which the UnitedNations may make for the furnishing ofspecial reports, studies or information,subject to the conditions set forth inArticle XVI ;

(6) The Secretary-General shall, upon re-quest, consult with the Director-Generalregarding the provision to the WorldHealth Organization of such informa-tion as may be of special interest to

the Organization [and in particular shallagree to transmit to it such documentaryand other materials, not of a confidentialcharacter, as may be requested, includingverbatim records, minutes and reportsof the Council, its commissions and com-mittees, whether in printed form orotherwise, and any United NationsSecretariat bulletins, circulars and workpapers dealing with technical, procedural,staff and financial matters of commonconcern].

Article VI. - Public Information.

Having regard to the functions of the WorldHealth Organization, as defined in Article 2,paragraphs (q) and (7), of its Constitution, toprovide information in the field of health andto assist in developing an informed publicopinion among all peoples on matters of health[and with a view to furthering co-operation anddeveloping joint services in the field of publicinformation between the Organization and theUnited Nations], a subsidiary agreement shallbe concluded as soon as possible after the cominginto force of the present Agreement.

Article VII. - Assistance to the SecurityCouncil.

The World Health Organization agrees to co-operate with the Economic and Social Councilin furnishing such information and renderingsuch assistance to the Security Council as thatCouncil may request, including assistance incarrying out decisions of the Security Councilfor the maintenance or restoration of interna-tional peace and security.

Article VIII. - Assistance to theTrusteeship Council.

The World Health Organization agrees to co-operate with the Trusteeship Council in thecarrying out of its functions and in particularagrees that it will, to the greatest extent possi-ble, render such assistance as the TrusteeshipCouncil may request in regard to matters withwhich the Organization is concerned.

Article IX. - Non-Self-GoverningTerritories.

The World Health Organization agrees to co-operate with the United Nations in giving effectto the principles and obligations set forth inChapter XI of the Charter with regard tomatters affecting the well-being and develop-ment of the peoples of Non-Self-GoverningTerritories.

Article X. - Relations with the InternationalCourt of Justice.

1. The World Health Organization agrees tofurnish any information which may be requestedby the International Court of Justice in pur-suance of Article 34 of the Statute of the Court.

ANNEX 23 a - 120 -

2. The General Assembly authorizes theWorld Health Organization to request advisoryopinions of the International Court of Justiceon legal questions arising within the competenceof the Organization other than questionsconcerning the mutual relationships of theOrganization and the United Nations or otherspecialized agencies.

3. Such requests may be addressed to theCourt by the Health Assembly or by the Execu-tive Board acting in pursuance of an authoriz-ation by the Health Assembly.

4. When requesting the International Courtof Justice to give an advisory opinion, the WorldsHealth Organization shall inform the Economicand Social Council of the request.

Article XI. - Headquarters and RegionalOffices.

1. [The World Health Organization agreesto consult the United Nations before makingany decision concerning the location of itspermanent headquarters.]

2. Any regional or branch offices which theWorld Health Organization may establish shall,so far as practicable, be closely associated withsuch regional or branch offices as the UnitedNations may establish.

Article XII. - Personnel Arrangements.

T. The United Nations and the WorldHealth Organization agree to develop, [as far aspracticable], common personnel standards, me-thods and arrangements designed to avoidserious discrepancies in terms and conditions ofemployment, to avoid competition in recruit-ment of personnel and to facilitate interchangeof personnel in order to obtain the maximumbenefit from their services, [it being understoodthat the World Health Organization shallretain full autonomy in the recruitment andselection of its own staff].

2. The United Nations and the WorldHealth Organization agree to co-operate to thefullest extent possible in achieving these ends,and in particular they agree :

(a) To consult together concerning theestablishment of an International CivilService Commission to advise on themeans by which common standards ofrecruitment in the secretariats of theUnited Nations and of the specializedagencies may be ensured ;

(b) To consult together concerning othermatters relating to the employment oftheir officers and staff, including condi-tions of service, duration of appoint-ments, classification, " salary scales andallowances, retirement and pension rightsand staff regulations and rules with a

(c)

view to securing as much uniformity inthese matters as shall be found practic-able ;

To co-operate in the interchange ofpersonnel when desirable on a temporaryor permanent basis, making due provi-sion for the retention of seniority andpension Tights ; and

.(d) To co-operate in the establishment andoperation of suitable machinery for thesettlement of disputes arising in connex-ion with the employment of personneland related matters.

Article XIII. - Statistical Services.

I. The United Nations and the WorldHealth Organization agree to strive for maxi-mum co-operation, the elimination of all un-desirable duplication between them, and themost efficient use of their technical personnel intheir respective collection, analysis, publicationand dissemination of statistical information.They agree to combine their efforts to securethe greatest possible usefulness and utilizationof statistical information and to minimize theburdens placed upon national governments andother organizations from which such informationmay be collected.

2. The World Health Organization re-cognizes the United Nations as the centralagency for the collection, analysis, publication,standardization and improvement of statisticsserving the general purposes of internationalorganizations, [without prejudice to the rightof the World Health Organization to concernitself with such statistics so far as they may beessential for its own purposes].

3. [The United Nations recognizes the WorldHealth Organization as the appropriate agencyfor the collection, analysis, publication, stan-dardization and improvement of statisticswithin its special sphere, without prejudice tothe right of the United Nations to concern itselfwith such statistics so far as they may be essen-tial for its own purposes.]

4. The United Nations shall develop ad-ministrative instruments and proceduresthrough which effective statistical co-operationmay be secured between the United Nationsand the agencies brought into relationship withit.

5. It is recognized as desirable that thecollection of statistical information should notbe duplicated by the United Nations or anyof the specialized agencies whenever it ispracticable for any of them to utilize inform-ation or materials which another may haveavailable.

6. [In order to ensure building up as com-plete as possible a collection of statisticalmaterial in the central statistical office of theUnited Nations, and at the same time to serve

12 I - ANNEX 2 3 a

the needs of the statistical service.of the WorldHealth Organization, the United Nations andthe World Health Organization agree to informeach other of the sources of the material of astatistical nature which either may receive.]

Article XIV . - Administrative and TechnicalServices.

r. The United Nations and the WorldHealth Organization recognize the desirability,in the interest of administrative and technicaluniformity and of the most efficient use ofpersonnel and resources, *of avoiding, wheneverpossible, the establishment and operation ofconipetitive or overlapping facilities and servicesamong the United Nations and the specializedagencies.

2. Accordingly, the United Nations and theWorld Health Organization agree to consulttogether concerning the establishment and useof common administrative and technical ser-vices and facilities in addition to those referredto in Articles XII, XIII and XV, in so far asthe establishment and use of such services mayfrom time to time be found practicable andappropriate.

3. Arrangements shall be made between theUnited Nations and the World Health Organiz-ation in regard to the registration and deposit ofofficial documents.

Article XV . - Budgetary and FinancialArrangements.

. The World Health Organization re-cognizes the desirability of establishing closebudgetary and financial relationships with theUnited Nations in order that the administrativeoperations of the United Nations and of thespecialized agencies shall be carried out in themost efficient and economical manner possibleand that the maximum measure of co-ordina-tion and uniformity with respect to theseoperations shall be secured.

2. The United Nations and the WorldHealth Organization agree to co-operate to thefullest extent possible in achieving these endsand, in particular, shall consult together concern-ing the desirability of making appropriate ar-rangements for the inclusion of the budget of theOrganization within a general budget of theUnited Nations. Any such arrangements whichmay be made shall be defined in a supplementaryagreement between the two organizations.

3. [The Director-General of the WorldHealth Organization shall consult with theSecretary-General in connection with the pre-paration of the budget of the Organization.]

4. The World Health Organization agreesto transmit its proposed budget to the UnitedNations annually at the same time as suchbudget is transmitted to its Members. TheGeneral Assembly shall examine the budget orproposed budget of the Organization and may

make such recommendations as it considersdesirable.

5. Representatives of the World HealthOrganization shall be entitled to participate,without vote, in the deliberations of the GeneralAssembly or any committee thereof at all timeswhen the budget of the Organization or generaladministrative or financial questions affectingthe Organization are under consideration.

6. The United Nations may undertake thecollection of contributions from those Membersof the World Health Organization which arealso Members of the United Nations in accord-ance with such arrangements as may be definedby a later agreement between I the UnitedNations and the World Health Organization.

7. The United Nations shall, upon its owninitiative or upon the request of the WorldHealth Organization, arrange for studies to beundertaken concerning other financial and fiscalquestions of interest to the Organization and toother specialized agencies with a view to theprovision of common services and the securingof [substantial] uniformity in such matters.

8. The World Health Organization agrees toconform as far as may be practicable to standardpractices and forms recommended by the UnitedNations.

Article XV I - Financing of SpecialServices.

r. In the event of the World Health Or-ganization being faced with the necessity ofincurring substantial extra expense as a resultof any request which the United Nations maymake for special reports, studies or assistancein accordance with Articles V, VII or VIII orwith other provisions of this Agreement, con-sultation shall take place with a view to de-termining the most equitable manner in whichsuch expense shall be borne.

2. Consultation between the United Nationsand the World Health Organization shallsimilarly take place with a view to making sucharrangements as may be found equitable forcovering the costs of central administrative,technical or fiscal services or facilities or otherspecial assistance provided by the UnitedNations to the World Health Organization.

Article XV II . - Inter-A gencyA greements.

The World Health Organization agrees toinform the Council of the nature and scope ofany formal agreement between the WorldHealth Organization and any other specializedagency or inter-governmental organization, andin particular agrees to inform the Council beforeany such agreement is concluded. [This Articledoes not apply to agreements of a practicalnature made between the secretariat of theWorld Health Organization and the secretariatof any such agency or organization.]

ANNEX 23 a 122 -

Article XVIII. - Liaison.

. The United Nations and the WorldHealth Organization agree to the foregoingprovisions in the belief that they will contributeto the maintenance of effective liaison betweenthe two organizations. They affirm theirintention of taking whatever further measuresmay be necessary to make this liaison fullyeffective.

z. The liaison arrangements provided forin the foregoing articles of this agreement shallapply as far as appropriate to the relationsbetween such branch or regional offices as maybe established by the two organizations aswell as between their central headquarters.

Article XIX. - Implementation of theA greement.

The Secretary-General and the Director-General may enter into such supplementaryarrangements for the implementation of thisAgreement as may be found desirable in thelight of the operating experience of the twoorganizations.

Article XX. - Revision.

This Agreement shall be subject to revision byagreement between the United Nations andthe World Health Organization.

Article XXI. - Entry into force.

This Agreement shall come into force on itsapproval by the General Assembly of the UnitedNations and the World Health Assembly.

Appendix.

EXPLANATORY NOTE ON THE DRAFT MASTERAGREEMENT BETWEEN THE UNITED NATIONS

AND THE WHO(prepared by the Secretariat).

The chief points of difference between theproposed WHO Agreement and those agree-ments thus far negotiated by the United Nationswith other specialized agencies are indicatedbelow. No mention is made of inconsequentialverbal variations. Reference is made to thearticles in the order in which they appear in theWHO draft.

Admission of Members to Specialized Agencies.

There is no provision on this point in theWHO, ILO or FAO agreements, allowingcomplete autonomy to the agency concerned.In the UNESCO and ICAO agreements, it isproposed that applications from non-signatoryStates and States not Members of the UnitedNations (or, in the case of ICAO, associatedwith it), shall be transmitted either to theEconomic and Social Council (UNESCO) or theGeneral Assembly (ICAO), which body maymake binding recommendations for rejection.

If no such recommendations are made within aspecified period, the specialized agency concern-ed may approve these applications in accordancewith its own constitutional procedure.

Akticle II (Reciprocal Representation).

s. The passage marked [ ], qualifying theright to be invited to attend meetings of com-mittees and of conferences convened by theWHO, does not appear in any of the otheragreements.

2. Same in all agreements except for defini-tion of " agenda items ". The WHO draft usesthe language of the ILO text, with the insertionof the adjective " specific ". The FAO,UNESCO and ICAO texts confine the " agendaitems " to those relating to the matters withinthe scope of the activities of the agencyconcerned.

3. Similar variation between WHO andILO and other texts with regard to the defini-tion of " questions " on which views may bepresented.

4. Similar variation as to definition ofcommittee " meetings " in which specializedagency representatives may participate.

5. Same variation as in 2 above.

6. Sentence beginning, " Reciprocally, etc."appears only in the WHO and ICAO agreements.

Article IV (Recommendations of the UnitedNations).

In the ILO text, the heading reads, " Re-commendations of the General Assembly andof the Council " ; the final sentence of para-graph s reads similarly. The WFTO, FAO,UNESCO and ICAO texts are identical.

Article V (Exchange of Information and Docu-ments).

2 (c). All agreements are the same exceptfor the insertion of the sentence marked [ ]in the WHO draft.

Article VI (Public Information).

This article appears only in the WHO andUNESCO texts. The inclusion of an article ofthis character in all future master agreementsbetween the United Nations and specializedagencies was recommended by the ConsultativeCommittee for Public Information of the United

- 123 - ANNEX 23 a

Nations and Specialized Agencies at its meetingOn 15 October 1946.

Article X (Relations with the InternationalCourt of Justice).

2. The WHO draft reproduces this provi-sion in the ILO tevit, which is more liberal thanthe corresponding provision in the UNESCOtext. In the case of the FAO and ICAO drafts,no agreement was reached on this point in thenegotiations, but on 3 October 1946, the Econo-mic and Social Council adopted a resolutionrecommending the insertion of the ILO provi-sion in the FAO and UNESCO agreements.Presumably, the same position will be taken inrespect of the ICAO agreement.

Articl e X I (Headquarters and Regional Offices)

1. The WHO text differs from that of anyof the other agreements in obligating theOrganization merely to consult the UnitedNations before making a decision as to perma-nent headquarters. Such consultation isrequired by Article 43 of the WHO Constitution.There is no reference to Headquarters Officesin the UNESCO agreement, the decision tolocate in Paris having previously been taken.In the ILO and ICAO agreements, the followingqualifying clause appears before the words" agrees to consult

" The..., having regard to the desirabilityof the ,headquarters of specialized agenciesbeing situated at the permanent seat of theUnited Nations and to the advantages thatflow from such centralization ", etc.

The FAO agreement obligates the Organiz-ation to locate its headquarters at the permanentseat of the United Nations, subject :

(a) to the place being suitable for effectiveand economical operation and effectiveliaison with other specialized agencies,and

(b) to satisfactory arrangements being madein a subsequent agreement regarding theprovision of a site and necessary facilities.

Article XII (Personnel Arrangements).

I. The passages marked [ ] do not appearin any of the other agreements, while all ofthem contain the following passage, which hasbeen eliminated from the pl-oposed WHOdraft. Commencing after the word " Organiz-ation " in the first line and ending before theword " agree " in the fourth line, read :

" recognize that the eventual developmentof a single unified international civil service isdesirable from the standpoint of effectiveadministrative co-ordination, and with thisend in view ", etc.

Article XIII (Statistical Services).

2. Except for the clause marked [ ], thetext of this paragraph is identical in allagreements.

3. All agreements except that of the WHOcontain the following phrase at the end of theparagraph : " or for the improvement of statis-tics throughout the world."

6. The language of this provision in theILO, FAO and UNESCO agreements reads asfollows :

" In order to build up a central collectionof statistical information for general use, it isagreed that data supplied to the (agencyconcerned) for incorporation in its basicstatistical series or special reports should sofar as practicable be made available to theUnited Nations."

In addition, the ICAO agreement contains thefollowing paragraph :

" It is agreed that data supplied to theUnited Nationa for incorporation in its basicstatistical series or special reports should sofar as practicable or appropriate be madeavailable to the International Civil AviationOrganization."

Article XV (Budgetary and Financial Arrange-ments).

3. While provision for joint consultation inconnection with the preparation of the budgetis made in all the other agreements, the WHOtext places the responsibility for initiatingconsultation directly upon the executive headof the specialized agency concerned. This pointis not entirely clear from the phraseology of theother agreements.

7. The text of this paragraph is the same inall agreements except for the insertion of theadjective " substantial " in the WHO draft.

Article X VII (Inter-A gency A greements).

The passage marked [ ] does not appear inany of the other four agreements. The firstsentence of the paragraph in the WHO draftconforms to the wording of the ILO text. Theother three agreements include non- govern-mental organizations within the scope of thisprovision.

ANNEX 23 b, c - I 24 -

WHO.IC/W/42.9 November 1946.

b. PROPOSAL REGARDING THE DRAFT MASTER AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE UNITED NATIONS ANDTHE WHO

(submitted by the Representative from the United Kingdom).

Having regard to Article 6 of the Constitutionof the World Health Organization, the repre-sentative from the United Kingdom proposesthat the following Article, based on Article II ofthe Agreement between the United Nations andUNESCO, shall be included in the Agreementsbetween the United Nations and the WorldHealth Organization.

" Article. . .

Applications for admission to the WorldHealth Organization submitted by States noteligible for membership under Article 4 or

Article 5 of the Constitution of the Organizationshall be immediately transmitted by the Direc-tor-General of the Organization to the Economicand Social Council of the United Nations. TheCouncil may recommend the rejection of suchapplications, and any such recommendationsshall be accepted by the Organization. If,within six months after the receipt of an applica-tion by the Council, no such recommendationhas been made, the application shall be dealtwith in accordance with Article 6 of the Consti-tution of the Organization. "

This proposal was rejected by the Interim Commission (see page 2 4)

WHO.IC/R/W.I.8 November 1946.

C. MODIFICATIONS TO THE DRAFT MASTER AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE UNITED NATIONS ANDTHE WHO

(proposed by the drafting Sub-Committee of the Committee on Relations).

Articles of the Draft Master Agreement (WHO.IC/W.I8, Annex 23a) where no change was madehave been omitted.

Original text. Proposed text.Article I.

The United Nations recognizes the WorldHealth Organization as a specialized agencyresponsible for taking such action as may beappropriate under its basic instrument for theaccomplishment of the objective set forth there-.in (namely the attainment by all peoples ofthe highest possible level of health).

Article IJ. - Recip

1. Representatives of the United Nationsshall be invited to attend the meetings of theWorld Health Assembly and of the ExecutiveBoard, as well as those meetings of their com-mittees and of general, regional or other specialconferences convened by the World HealthOrganization, [the agenda of which includesitems in which the United Nations has indicateda specific interest]. The participation of repre-sentatives of the United Nations in the de-liberations of all these bodies shall be withoutvote.

2. Representatives of the World HealthOrganization shall be invited to attend meetingsof the Economic and Social Council of theUnited Nations (hereinafter called " the Coun-cil ") and of its commissions and committeesand to participate, without vote, in the delibe-rations of these bodies with respect to items ontheir agenda in which the World Health Or-ganization has indicated that it has a [specific]interest.

The United Nations recognizes the WorldHealth Organization as the specialized agencyresponsible for taking such action as may beappropriate under its Constitution for the ac-complishment of the objective set forth therein,namely the attainment by all peoples of thehighest possible level of health.

vocal Representation.

1. Subject to the provisions of paragraphof this Article representatives of the UnitedNatiOns shall be invited to attend the meetingsof the World Health Assembly and its commit-tees, the Executive Board and its committeesand such conferences as the World HealthOrganization may convene, and to participate,without vote, in the deliberations of thesebodies.

2. The Secretary-General of the UnitedNations and the Director-General of the WorldHealth Organization may, by agreement, sus-pend the provisions of paragraph i of thisArticle in the case of such committees and con-ferences as they may determine from time totime.

3. Representatives of the World HealthOrganization shall be invited to attend meetingsof the Economic and Social Council of the UnitedNations (hereinafter called " the Council ") andof its commissions and committees and toparticipate, without vote, in the deliberationsof these bodies with respect to items on theiragenda relating to health matters.

- I 25 - ANNEX 23 C

Original text.5. Representatives of the World Health Or-

ganization shall be invited to attend themeetings of the Trusteeship Council and toparticipate, without vote, in the deliberationsthereof with respect to items on the agenda inwhich the World Health Organization hasindicated that it has an interest.

Article

6. Written statements of the World HealthOrganization shall be distributed as soon aspracticable by the Secretariat of the UnitedNations to all members of the principal andsubsidiary organs of the 'United Nations,including their commissions and committees,as appropriate.

Proposed text.6. Representatives of the World Health

Organization shall be invited to attend themeetings of the Trusteeship Council and toparticipate, without vote, in the deliberationsthereof with respect to items on the agendarelating to health matters.

HI.7. Upon the request of the World Health

Organization written statements of the Organiz-ation shall be distributed as soon as practicableby the Secretariat of the United Nations to allmembers of the principal and subsidiary organsof the United Nations, including their commis-sions and committees, as appropriate.

Article I V .

3. The World Health Organization affirms itsintention of co-operating in whatever furthermeasures may be necessary to make the co-ordination of the activities of specialized agen-cies and those of the United Nations fullyeffective. In particular, it agrees to participatein, and to co-operate with, any body or bodieswhich the Council may establish for the purposeof facilitating such co-ordination and to furnishsuch information as may be required for thecarrying out of this purpose.

3. The World Health Organization affirms itsintention of co-operating in whatever furthermeasures may be necessary to co-ordinate theactivities of specialized agencies and those ofthe United Nations. In particular, it agrees toparticipate in, and to co-operate with, any bodyor bodies which the Council may establish forthe purpose of facilitating such co-ordinationand to furnish such information as may berequired for the carrying out of this purpose.

Article V .

2. Without prejudice to the generality of theprovisions of paragraph i :

(a) The World Health Organization agreesto transmit to the United Nationsregular reports on the activities of theWorld Health Organization ;

(b) The World Health Organization agreesto comply to the fullest extent practicablewith any request which the United Na-tions may make for the furnishing ofspecial reports, studies or information,subject to the conditions set forth inArticle XVI,

(e) The Secretary-General shall, upon re-quest, consult with the Director-Generalregarding the provision to the WorldHealth Organization of such informationas may be of special interest to the Or-ganization [and in particular shall agreeto transmit to it such documentary andother materials, not of a confidentialcharacter, as may be requested, includingverbatim records, minutes and reports ofthe Council, its commissions and commit-tees, whether in printed form or other-wise, and any United Nations Secretariatbulletins, circulars and work papersdealing with technical, procedural, staffand financial matters of common con-cern].

(a) The World. Health Organization agreesto transmit to the United Nationsregular reports of the activities of theWorld Health Organization ;

(b) The World Health Organization agrees tocomply to the fullest extent practicablewith anr request which the United Na-tions may make for the furnishing ofspecial reports, studies or information.

(e) The Secretary-General of the UnitedNations shall, upon request, transmit tothe Director-General of the World HealthOrganization, such information, docu-inents and other materials as may fromtime to time be agreed between them.

ANNEX 23 C - I26 -

Original text.Article VI. - Public Information.

Having regard to the functions of the WorldHealth Organization, as defined in Article 2,paragraphs (q) and (r) of its Constitution, toprovide information in the field of health andto assist in developing an informed publicopinion among all peoples on matters of health[and with a view to furthering co-operationand developing joint services in the field ofpublic information between the Organizationand the United Nations], a subsidiary agree-ment shall be concluded as soon as possible afterthe coming into force of the present Agreement.

Proposed text.

Consideration postponed pending considera-tion of the draft agreement visualized by thedraft article.

Article VII. Assistance to the Security Council.

The World Health Organization agrees toco-operate with the Economic and SocialCouncil in furnishing such information andrendering such assistance to the SecurityCouncil as that Council may request, includingassistance in carrying out decisions of theSecurity Council for the maintenance or res-toration of international peace and security.

The World Health Organization agrees to co-operate with the Council in furnishing suchinformation and rendering such assistance forthe maintenance or restoration of internationalpeace and security as the Security Council mayrequest and as is compatible with the Constitu-tion of the World Health Organization.

Article XIII.

6. [In order to ensure building up as completeas possible a collection of statistical materialin the central statistical office of the UnitedNations, and at the same time to serve the needsof the statistical service of the World HealthOrganization, the United Nations and theWorld Health Organization agree to informeach other of the sources of the material of astatistical nature which either may receive.]

6. Deleted.

Article XV.

2. The United Nations and the WorldHealth Organization agree to co-operate to thefullest extent possible in achieving these endsand, in particular, shall consult tabgether concern-ing the desirability of making appropriate ar-rangements for the inclusion of the budget of theOrganization within a general budget of theUnited Nations. Any such arrangements whichmay be made shall be defined in a supplemen-tary agreement between the two organizations.

4. The World Health Organization agreesto transmit its proposed budget to the UnitedNations annually at the same time as suchbudget is transmitted to its Members. TheGeneral Assembly shall examine the budget orproposed budget of the Organization and maymake such recommendations as it considersdesirable.

7. The United Nations shall, upon its owninitiative or upon the request of the World

2. The United Nations and the WorldHealth Organization agree to co-operate to thefullest extent possible in achieving these endsand, in particular, shall consult together concern-ing the desirability of making appropriate ar-rangements regarding relations between the bud-get of the Organization and the general budgetof the United Nations. Any such arrangementswhich may be made shall be defined in a sup-plementary agreement between the two or-ganizations.

4. The World Health Organization agreesto transmit its proposed budget to the UnitedNations annually at the same time as suchbudget is transmitted to its Members. TheGeneral Assembly shall examine the budget orproposed budget of the Organization and maymake such recommendations as it considersdesirable in relation to the administrative partof the budget.

7. The United Nations shall, upon its owninitiative or upon the request of the World

- 127 - ANNEX 23 C, d

Original text.

Health Organization, arrange for studies to beundertaken concerning other financial and fiscalquestions of interest to the Organization andto other specialized agencies with a view to theprovision of common services and the securingof [substantial] uniformity in such matters.

Article XVII. - Inte

The World Health Organization agrees toinform the Council of the nature and scope ofany formal agreement between the WorldHealth Organization and any other specializedagency or intergovernmental organization, andin particular agrees to inform the Councilbefore any such agreement is concluded. [ThisArticle does not apply to agreements of a practi-cal nature made between the secretariat of theWorld Health Organization and the secretariatof any such agency or organization.]

d. MODIFICATIONS

Parts of the Draft

Proposed text.

Health Organization, arrange for studies to beundertaken concerning other financial andfiscal questions of interest to the Organizationand to other specialized agencies with a view tothe provision of common services and thesecuring of uniformity in such matters.

r-Agency Agreements.

The World Health Organization agrees toinform the Council of the nature and scope ofany formal agreement between the WorldHealth Organization and any other specializedagency, intergovernmental organization, ornon-governmental organization, and in parti-cular agrees to inform the Council before anysuch agreement is concluded.

WHO.IC/R/r.(Appendix 1).

xi November 1947.

TO THE DRAFT MASTER AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE UNITED NATIONS ANDTHE WHO (document WHOJC/W.18)

(as proposed by the Committee on Relations).

Master Agreement in which no change has been made have been omitted.

Original text.Article I.

The United Nations recognizes the WorldHealth Organization as a specialized agencyresponsible for taking such action as may beappropriate under its basic instrument for theaccomplishment of the objective set forththerein.

Proposed text.

The United Nations recognizes the WorldHealth Organization- as the specialized agencyresponsible for taking such action as may beappropriate under its Constitution for theaccomplishment of the objective set forththerein, namely the attainment by all peoplesof the highest possible level of health.


r. RepresentativesTof the United Nationsshall be invited to attend the meetings of theWorld Health Assembly and of the ExecutiveBoard, as well as those meetings of their com-mittees and of general, regional or other specialconferences convened by the World HealthOrganization, [the agenda of which includesitems in which the United Nations has indicateda specific interest]. The participation of re-presentatives of the United Nations in thedeliberations of all these bodies shall be withoutvote.

2. Representatives of the World HealthOrganization shall be invited to attend meetingsof the Economic and Social Council of theUnited Nations (hereinafter called " the Coun-cil ") and of its commissions and committeesand to participate, without vote, in the deliber-ations of these bodies with respect to items on

t. Subject to the provisions of paragraph 2of this article representatives of the UnitedNations shall be invited to attend the meetingsof the World Health Assembly and its com-mittees, the Executive Board and its commit-tees, and such conferences as the World HealthOrganization may convene, and to participate,without vote, in the deliberations of thesebodies.

2. The Secretary-General of the UnitedNations and the Director-General of the WorldHealth Organization may, by agreement, sus-pend the provisions of paragraph i of thisArticle in the case of such committees andconferences as they may determine from time totime.

3. Representatives of the World HealthOrganization shall be invited to attend meetingsof the Economic and Social Council of theUnited Nations (hereinafter called " the Coun-cil ") and of its commissions and committeesand to participate, without vote, in the deliber-

ANNEX 23 d - 128 -

Original text.their agenda in which the World Health Or-ganization has indicated that it has a [specific]interest.

3-

4.

5. Representatives of the World HealthOrganization shall be invited to attend themeetings of the Trusteeship Council and toparticipate, without vote, in the deliberationsthereof with respect to items on the agenda inwhich the World -Health Organization hasindicated that it has an interest.

6. Written statements of the World HealthOrganization shall be distributed as soon aspracticable by the Secretariat of the UnitedNations to all members of the principal andsubsidiary organs of the United Nations,including their commissions and committees,as appropriate. Reciprocally, written state-ments of any of the principal and subsidiaryorgans and their commissions and committeesshall be distributed as soon as practicable bythe Secretariat of the Organization to allmembers of the Health Assembly or ExecutiveBoard, as appropriate.

Proposed text.ations of these bodies with respect to items ontheir agenda relating to health matters.

4-

5-

6. Representatives of the World HealthOrganization shall be invited to attend themeetings of the Trusteeship Council and toparticipate, without vote, in the deliberationsthereof with respect to items on the agendarelating to health matters.

7. Upon the request of the World HealthOrganization written statements of the Organiz-ation shall be distributed as soon as practicableby the Secretariat of the United Nations to allmembers of the principal and subsidiary organsof the United Nations, including their commis-sions and committees, as appropriate.

Article I V .

3. The World Health Organization affirmsits intention of co-operating in whatever furthermeasures may be necessary to make the co-ordination of the activities of specializedagencies and those of the United Nations fullyeffective. In particular, it agrees to participatein, and to co-operate with, any body or bodieswhich the Council may establish for the purposeof facilitating such co-ordination and to furnishsuch information as may be required for thecarrying out of this purpose.

Article

2.

(a) The World Health Organization agreesto transmit to the United Nationsregular reports on the activities of theWorld Health Organization ;

(b) The World Health Organization agreesto comply to the fullest extent practicaMewith any request which the United Na-tions may make for the furnishing ofspecial reports, studies or information,subject to the conditions set forth inArticle XVI ;

(e) The Secretary-General shall, upon re-quest, consult with the Director-Generalregarding the provision to the WorldHealth Organization of such informationas may be of special interest to theOrgaMzation [and in particular shallagree to transmit to it such documentaryand other materials, not of a confidentialcharacter as may be requested, includ-ing verbatim records, minutes and reports

3. The World Health Organization affirmsits intention of co-operating in whatever furthermeasures may be necessary to co-ordinate theactivities of specialized agencies and those ofthe United Nations. In particular, it agrees toparticipate in, and co-operate with, any bodyor bodies which the Council may establish forthe purpose of facilitating such co-ordinationand to furnish such information as may berequired for the carrying out of this purpose.

V .

2.

(a) The World Health Organization agreesto transmit to the United Nationsregular reports of the activities of theWorld Health Organization ;

(b) The World Health Organization agreesto comply to the fullest extent practicablewith any request which the United Na-tions may make for the furnishing ofspecial reports, studies or information ;

(e) The Secretary-General of the UnitedNations shall, upon request; transmit tothe Director-General of the World HealthOrganization, such information, docu-ments and other materials as may fromtime to time be agreed between them.

- 129 - ANNEX 23 d

Original text.of the Council, its commissions and com-mittees, whether in printed form orotherwise, and any United NationsSecretariat bulletins, circulars and workpapers dealing with technical, procedural,staff and financial matters of commonconcern].

Article VI. - Public Information.

Having regard to the functions of the WorldHealth Organization, as defined in Article 2,paragraphs (q) and (r) of its Constitution, toprovide information in the field of health and toassist in developing an informed public opinionamong all peoples on matters of health, [andwith a view to furthering co-operation anddeveloping joint services in the field of publicinformation between the Organization and theUnited Nations] a subsidiary agreement shallbe concluded as soon as possible after thecoming into force of the present Agreement.

Proposed text.

Consideration postponed pending consider-ation of the draft agreement visualized by thedraft article.

Article VII. - Assistance to the Security Council.

The World Health Organization agrees toco-operate with the Economic and Social Councilin furnishing such information and renderingsuch assistance to the Security Council as thatCouncil may request, including assistance incarrying out decisions of the Security Councilfor the maintenance or restoration of inter-national peace and security.

The World Health Organization agrees toco-operate with the Council in furnishing suchinformation and rendering such assistance forthe maintenance or restoration of internationalpeace and security as the Security Council mayrequest and as is compatible with the Constitu-tion of the World Health Organization.


/. The United Nations and the WorldHealth Organization agree to develop, [as faras practicable], common personnel standards,methods and arrangements designed to avoidserious discrepancies in terms and conditionsof employment, to avoid competition in re-cruitment of personnel and to facilitate inter-change of personnel in order to obtain themaximum benefit from their services [it beingunderstood that the World Health Organiz-ation shall retain full autonomy in the recruit-ment and selection of its own staff].

/. The United- Nations and the WorldHealth Organization agree to develop, as far aspracticable, common personnel standards, me-thods and arrangements designed to avoidserious discrepancies in terms and conditionsof employment, to avoid competition in recruit-ment of personnel and t6 facilitate interchangeof personnel in order to obtain the maximumbenefit from their services.

Article XIII.

2. The World Health Organization re-cognizes the United Nations as the centralagency for the collection, analysis, publication,standardization and improvement of statisticsserving the general purposes of internationalorganizations, [without prejudice to the rightof the World Health Organization to concernitself with such statistics so far as they may beessential for its own purposes].

3. [The United Nations recognizes theWorld Health Organization as the appropriateagency for the collection, analysis, publication,standardization and improvement of statisticswithin its special sphere, without prejudice to

2. The World Health Organization re-cognizes the United Nations as the centralagency for the collection, analysis, publication,standardization, improvement and dissemina-tion of statistics serving the general purposes ofinternational organizations, without prejudiceto the right of the World Health Organizationto concern itself with such statistics so faras they may be essential for its own purposes.

3. The United Nations recognizes the WorldHealth Organization as the appropriate agencyfor the collection, analysis, publication,standardization, improvement and dissemin-ation of statistics within its special sphere

ANNEX 23 d - 130 -

Original text.the right of the United Nations to concern itselfwith such statistics so far as they may beessential for its own purposes.]

6. [In order to ensure building up as com-plete as possible a collection of statisticalmaterial in the central statistical office of theUnited Nations, and at the same time to servethe needs of the statistical service of the WorldHealth Organization, the United Nations andthe World Health Organization agree to informeach other of the sources of the material of astatistical nature which either may receive].

Proposed text.without prejudice to the right of the UnitedNations to concern itself with such statisticsso far as they may be essential for its ownpurposes.

6. Deleted.

Article XV .

2. The United Nations and the WorldHealth Organization agree to co-operate to thefullest extent possible in achieving these endsand, in particular, shall consult together concern-ing the desirability of making appropriatearrangements for the inclusion of the budgetof the Organization within a general budget ofthe United Nations. Any such arrangementswhich may be made shall be defined in a sup-plementary agreement between the two or-ganizations.

4. The World Health Organization agreesto transmit its proposed budget to the UnitedNations annually at the same time as suchbudget is transmitted to its Members. TheGeneral Assembly shall examine the budget orproposed budget of the Organization and maymake such recommendations as it considersdesirable.

7. The United Nations shall, upon its owninitiative or upon the request of the WorldHealth Organization, arrange for studies to beundertaken concerning other financial and fiscalquestions of interest to the Organization andto other specialized agencies with a view to theprovision of common services and the securingof [substantial] uniformity in such matters.

2. The United Nations and the World HealthOrganization agree to co-operate to the fullestextent possible in achieving these ends and, inparticular, shall consult together concerning thedesirability of making appropriate arrangementsregarding relations between the budget of theOrganization and the general budget of theUnited Nations. Any such arrangements whichmay be made shall be defined in a supplementaryagreement between the two organizations.

4. The World Health Organization agreesto transmit its proposed budget to the UnitedNations annually at the same time as suchbudget is transmitted to its Members. TheGeneral Assembly shall examine the budget orproposed budget of the Organization and maymake such recommendations as it considersdesirable in relation to the administrative partof the budget.

7. The United Nations shall, upon its owninitiative or upon the request of the WorldHealth Organization, arrange for studies to beundertaken concerning other financial and fiscalquestions of interest to the Organization andto other specialized agencies with a view to theprovision of common services and the securingof uniformity in such matters.

Article XVII.- Inter-agency Agreements.

The World Health Organization agrees toinform the Council of the nature and scope ofany formal agreement between the WorldHealth Organization and any other specializedagency or intergovernmental organization, andin particular agrees to inform the Council beforeany such agreement is concluded. [This Articledoes not apply to agreements of a practicalnature made between the secretariat of theWorld Health Organization and the secretariatof any such agency or organization.]

The World Health Organization agrees toinform the Council of the nature and scope ofany formal agreement between the WorldHealth Organization and any other specializedagency, intergovernmental organization ornon-governmental organization and in particularagrees to inform the Council before any suchagreement is concluded.

- '3' - ANNEX 23 e

WHO.IC/W.r8/Rev.r.II November 1946.

e. DRAFT MASTER AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE UNITED NATIONSAND THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION I(as approved by the Interim Commission 2).

Preamble.

Article 57 of the Charter of the United Nationsprovides that specialized agencies establishedby inter-governmental agreement and havingwide international responsibilities as defined intheir basic instruments, in economic, social,cultural, educational, health and related fields,shall be brought into relationship with theUnited Nations.

Article 69 of the Constitution of the WorldHealth Organization provides (r) that the Or-ganization shall be biought into relation withthe United Nations as one of the specializedagencies referred to in Article 57 of the Charterand (2) that the agreement or agreementsestablishing such relationship shall be subject toapproval by a two-thirds vote of the HealthAssembly.

Therefore, the United Nations and the WorldHealth Organization agree as follows :

Article I.

The United Nations recognizes the WorldHealth Organization as the specialized agencyresponsible for taking such action as may beappropriate under its Constitution for the ac-complishment of the objective set forth therein,namely the attainment by all peoples of thehighest possible level of health.


r. Subject to the provisions of paragraph 2of this Article, representatives of the UnitedNations shall be invited to attend the meetingsof the World Health Assembly and its commit-tees, the Executive Board and its committeesand such conferences as the World HealthOrganization may convene and to participate,without vote, in the deliberations of thesebodies.

2. The Secretary-General of the UnitedNations and the Director-General of the WorldHealth Organization may, by agreement, sus-pend the provisions of paragraph i of thisArticle in the case of such committees and con-ferences as they may determine from time totime.

3. Representatives of the World HealthOrganization shall be invited to attend meetingsof the Economic and Social Council of the UnitedNations (hereinafter called " the Council ")and of its commissions and committees and toparticipate, without vote, in the deliberations of

Substantive provisions differing materially from, or not appearingin, the text of any of the draft agreements between the United Nationsand other specialized agencies are italicized in this draft.

2 See page 23. Modifications to this document made by the InterimCommission at its third session are also given as footnotes (note a onpage 132 and note x on page 134).

these bodies with respect to its items on theiragenda relating to health matters.

4. Representatives of the World HealthOrganization shall be invited to attend in aconsultative capacity meetings of the GeneralAssembly and shall be afforded full opportunityfor presenting to the General Assembly theviews of the World Health Organization onquestions within the scope of its competence. -

5. Representatives of the World HealthOrganization shall be invited to attend meetingsof the Main Committees of the General As-sembly in which the World Health Organizationhas an interest and to participate, without vote,in the deliberations thereof.

6. Representatives of the World HealthOrganization shall be invited to attend themeetings of the Trusteeship Council and toparticipate, without vote, in the deliberationsthereof with respect to items on the agendarelating to health matters.

7. Upon the request -of the World HealthOrganization written statements of the Organiz-ation shall be distributed as soon as practicableby the Secretariat of the United Nations to allmembers of the principal and subsidiary organsof the United Nations, including their commis-sions and committees, as appropriate.

Article III. - Proposal of Agenda Items,

Subject to such preliminary consultation asmay be necessary, the World Health Organiz-ation shall include on the agenda of the HealthAssembly or Executive Board, as appropriate,items proposed to it by the United Nations.Similarly, the Council and its commissions andthe Trusteeship Council shall include on theiragenda items proposed by the World HealthOrganization.

Article IV. - Recommendations of the UnitedNations.

1. The World Health Organization, havingregard to the obligation of the United Nationsto promote the objectives set forth in Article 55of the Charter and the function and power ofthe Council, under Article 62 of the Charter, tomake or initiate studies and reports with respectto international economic, social, cultural,educational, health and related matters and tomake recommendations concerning these mat-ters to the specialized agencies concerned, andhaving regard, also, to the responsibility of theUnited Nations, under Articles 58 and 63 of theCharter, to make recommendations for the

ANNEX 23 e - 132 -

co-ordination of the policies and activities ofsuch specialized agencies, agrees to arrange tosubmit, as soon as possible, to the ExecutiveBoard, Health Assembly or such other organof the World Health Organization as may beappropriate all formal recommendations whichthe United Nations may make to it.

2. The World Health Organization agreesto enter into consultation with the UnitedNations upon request with respect to suchrecommendations and in due course to reportto the United Nations on the action taken bythe Organization or by its Members to giveeffect to such recommendations or on the otherresults of their consideration.

3. The World Health Organization affirmsits intention of co-operating in whatever furthermeasures may be necessary to co-ordinate theactivities of specialized agencies and those ofthe United Nations. In particular, it agrees toparticipate in, and to co-operate with, any bodyor bodieg which the Council may establish forthe purpose of facilitating such co-ordinationand to furnish such information as may berequired for the carrying out of this purpose.

Article V . - Exchange of Information andDocuments.

r. Subject to such*arrangements as may benecessary for the safeguarding of confidentialmaterial, the fullest and promptest exchange ofinformation and documents shall be madebetween the United Nations and the WorldHealth Organization.

2. (a) The World Health Organizationagrees to transmit to the United Nations regularreports on the activities of the World HealthOrganization.

(b) The World Health Organization agrees tocomply to the fullest extent practicable withany request which the United Nations may makefor the furnishing of special reports, studies orinformation.

(c) The ' Secretary-General of the UnitedNations shall, upon request, transmit to theDirector-General of the World Health Organiz-ation, such information, documents and othermaterials as may from time to time be agreedbetween them.

Article VI 1. - Public Information.

Having regard to the functions of the WorldHealth Organization, as defined in Article 2,paragraphs (q) and (r), of its Constitution, toprovide information in the field of health andto assist in developing an informed publicopinion among all peoples on matters of health,and with a view to furthering co-operation anddeveloping joint services in the field of publicinformation between the Organization and the

I Further consideration of this Article was postponed pending anexchange of information with the Department of Public Informationof the United Nations.

United Nations, a subsidiary agreement shall beconcluded as soon as possible after the cominginto force of the present Agreement.

Article VII. - Assistance to the SecurityCouncil.

The World Health Organization agrees toco-operate with the Council in furnishing suchinformation and rendering such assistance forthe maintenance or restoration of internationalpeace and security as the Security Council mayrequest rand as is compatible with the Constitutionof the World Health Organization.] 2

Article VIII. - Assistance to the TrusteeshipCouncil.

The World Health Organization agrees toco-operate with the Trusteeship Council in thecarrying-out of its functions and in particularagrees that it will, to the greatest extent possible,render such assistance as the TrusteeshipCouncil may request in regard to matters withwhich the Organization is concerned.

Article IX. - Non-Self-GoverningTerritories.

The World Health Organization agrees toco-operate with the United Nations in givingeffect to the principles and obligations set forthin Chapter XI of the Charter with regard tomatters affecting the well-being and develop-ment of the peoples of Non-Self-GoverningTerritories.

Article X. - Relations with the InternationalCourt of Justice.

r. The World Health Organization agrees tofurnish any information which may be requestedby the International Court of Justice in pursu-ance of Article 34 of the Statute of the Court.

2. The General Assembly authorizes theWorld Health Organization to request advisoryopinions of the International Court of Justice onlegal questions arising within the competenceof the Organization other than questionsconcerning the mutual relationships of theOrganization and the United Nations or otherspecialized agencies.

3. Such requests may be addressed to theCourt by the Health Assembly or by the Exe-cutive Board acting in pursuance of an au-thorization by the Health Assembly.

4. When requesting the International Courtof Justice to give an advisory opinion, the WorldHealth Organization shall inform the Economicand Social Council of the request.

Article XI. - Headquarters and RegionalOffices.

i. The World Health Organization agrees toconsult the United Nations before making any

2 The part of this sentence which is in brackets was deleted by theInterim Commission at its third session (see document WHOIC/74/Reya, adopted during the eighth meeting of the third session).

- 133 - ANNEX 23 e

decision concerning the location of its permanentheadquarters.

2. Any regional or branch offices which theWorld Health Organization may establish shall,so far as practicable, be closely associated withsuch regional or branch offices as the UnitedNations may establish.


s. The United Nations and the World HealthOrganization agree to develop, as far as practic-able, common personnel standards, methods andarrangements designed to avoid serious dis-crepancies in terms and conditions of employ-ment, to avoid competition in recruitment ofpersonnel and to facilitate interchange ofpersonnel in order to obtain the maximumbenefit from their services.

2. The United Nations and the WorldHealth Organization agree to co-operate to thefullest extent possible in achieving these ends,and in particular they agree :

(a) To consult together concerning theestablishment of an International CivilService Commission to advise on themeans by which common standards ofrecruitment in the secretariats of theUnited Nations and of the specializedagencies may be ensured ;

(b) To consult together concerning othermatters relating to the employment oftheir officers and staff, including condi-tions of service, duration of appoint-ments, classification, salary scales andallowances, retirement and pension rightsand staff regulations and rules, with aview to securing as much uniformity inthese matters as shall be found practic-able ;

(c) To co-operate in the interchange ofpersonnel when desirable, on a temporaryor permanent basis, making due pro-vision for the retention of seniority andpension rights ; and

(d) To co-operate in the establishment andoperation of suitable machinery for thesettlement of disputes arising in con-nexion with the employment of personneland related matters.

Article XIII. - Statistical Services.

r. The United Nations and the WorldHealth Organization agree to strive for maxi-mum co-operation, the elimination of allundesirable duplication between them, and themost efficient use of their technical personnel intheir respective collection, analysis, publicationand dissemination of statistical information.They agree to combine their efforts to secure thegreatest possible usefulness and utilization ofstatistical information and to minimize the

burdens placed upon national Governments andother organizations from which such informationmay be collected.

2. The World Health Organization re-cognizes the United Nations as the centralagency for the collection, analysis, publication,standardization, dissemination and improve-ment of statistics serving the general purposes ofinternational organizations, without prejudiceto the right of the World Health Organization toconcern itself with such statistics so far as they maybe essential for its own purposes.

3. The United Nations recognizes the WorldHealth Organization as the appropriate agency forthe collection, analysis, publication, standardiz-ation, dissemination and improvement of statisticswithin its special sphere, without prejudice to theright of the United Nations to concern itself withsuch statistics so far as they may be essential forits own purposes.

4. The United Nations shall develop ad-ministrative instruments and proceduresthrough which effective statistical co-operationmay be secured between the United Nationsand the agencies brought into relationshipwith it.

5. It is recognized as desirable that thecollection of statistical information should notbe duplicated by the United Nations or any ofthe specialized agencies whenever it is practic-able for any of them to utilize information ormaterials which another may have available.

Article XIV . - Administrative and TechnicadServices.

r. The United 'Nations and the WorldHealth Organization recognize the desirability,in the interest of administrative and technicaluniformity and of the most efficient use ofpersonnel and resources, of avoiding, wheneverpossible, the establishment and operation ofcompetitive or overlapping facilities and servicesamong the United Nations and the specializedagencies.

2. Accordingly, the United Nations and theWorld Health Organization agree to consulttogether concerning the establishment and useof cgmmon administrative and technical servicesand facilities, in addition to those referred to inArticles XII, XIII and XV, in so far as theestablishment and use of such services may fromtime to time be found practicable and ap-propriate.

3. Arrangements shall be made between theUnited Nations and the World Health Organiz-ation in regard to the registration and deposit ofofficial documents.

Article XV. - Budgetary and FinancialArrangements.

1. The World Health Organization re-cognizes the desirability of establishing close

ANNHX 23 6 - 134 -

budgetary and financial relationships with theUnited Nations in order that the administrativeoperations of the United Nations and of thespecialized agencies shall be carried out in themost efficient and economical manner possibleand that the maximum measure of co-ordinationand uniformity with respect to these operationsshall be secured.

2. The United Nations and the WorldHealth Organization agree to co-operate to thefullest extent possible in achieving these endsand, in particular, shall consult together concern-ing the desirability of making appropriate ar-rangements regarding relations between thebudget of the Organization and the generalbudget of the United Nations. Any such ar-rangements which may be made shall be definedin a supplementary agreement between the twoorganizations.

3. The Director-General of the World Health,.Organization shall consult with the Secretary-General in connection with the preparation ofthe budget of the Organizationl.

4. The World Health Organization agrees totransmit its proposed budget to the UnitedNations annually at the same time as suchbudget is transmitted to its Members. TheGeneral Assembly shall examine the budget orproposed budget of the Organization and maymake such recommendations as it considersdesirable in relation to the administrative partof the budget.

5. Representatives of the World HealthOrganization shall be entitled to participate,without vote, in the deliberations of the GeneralAssembly or any committee thereof at all timeswhen the budget of the Organization or generaladministrative or financial questions affectingthe Organization are under consideration.

6. The United Nations may undertake thecollection of contributions from those Membersof the World Health Organization which arealso Members of the United Nations in ac-cordance with such arrangements as may bedefined by a later agreement between theUnited Naticins and the World Health Organiza-tion.

7. The United Nations shall, upon its owninitiative or upon the request of the WorldHealth Organization, arrange for studies to beundertaken concerning other financial and fiscalquestions of interest to the Organization and toother specialized agencies with a view to theprovision of common services and the securingof uniformity in such matters.

8. The World Health Organization agrees toconform as far as may be practicable to standardpractices and forms recommended by the UnitedNations.

The Interim Commi sion, at its third session, added the followingsentence to this paragraph (see document WH0JC/74/12ev.r, adoptedby the Commission during the eighth meeting of the third session) :

" This consultation, which aims at facilitating budgetary and ad-ministrative co-ordination, should in no way imply a supervision ofthe WHO policy through budgetary channels.

Article XVI. - Financing of SpecialServices.

1. In the event of the World Health Or-ganization being faced with the necessity ofincurring substantial extra expense as a resultof any request which the United Nations maymake for special reports, studies or assistance inaccordance with Articles V, VII or VIII or withother provisions of this Agreement, consultationshall take place with a view to determiningthe most equitable manner in which suchexpense shall be borne.

2. Consultation between the United Nationsand the World Health Organization shallsimilarly take place with a view to making sucharrangements as may be found equitable forcovering the costs of central administrative,technical or fiscal services or facilities, or forother special assistance provided by the UnitedNations to the World Health Organization.

Article XVII. - Inter-agency Agreements.

The World Health Organization agrees toinform the Council of the nature and scope ofany formal agreement between the WorldHealth Organization and any other specializedagency, inter-governmental organization, ornon-governmental organization, and in parti-cular agrees to inform the Council before anysuch agreement is concluded.

Article XVIII. - Liaison.1. The United Nations and the World

Health Organization agree to the foregoingprovisions in the belief that they will contributeto the maintenance of effective liaison betweenthe two organizations. They affirm their inten-tion of taking whatever further measures maybe necessary to make this liaison fully effective.

2. The liaison arrangements provided forin the foregoing articles of this Agreement shallapply as far as appropriate to the relationsbetween such branch or regional offices as maybe established by the two organizations as wellas between their central headquarters.

Article XIX. - Implementationof the Agreement.

The Secretary-General and the Director-General may enter . into such supplementaryarrangements for the implementation of thisAgreement as may be found desirable in thelight of the operating experience of the twoorganizations.

Article XX. - Revision.This Agreement shall be subject to revision by

agreement between the United Nations and theWorld Health Organization.

Article XXI. - Entry into force.This Agreement shall come into force on its

approval by the General Assembly of the UnitedNations and the World Health Assembly.

- 135 - ANNEX 24

Annex 24. WHO.IC/R/r.r November 1946.

REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE ON RELATIONS

r. The Committee on Relations was com-posed of the following members :

Dr. H.E. CHOUCHA Pacha (Egypt) (Chairman),Dr. G. M. REDSHAW (Australia),Dr. Geraldo H. DE PAULA SOUZA (Brazil),Dr. M. MARTINEZ BAEZ (Mexico),Dr. W. Aeg. TIMMERMAN (Netherlands),Dr. Karl EVANG (Norway),Dr. Thomas PARRAN (United States of

America),Dr. Arnoldo GABALDóN (Venezuela),Mr. Gilbert E. YATES (United Nations),Dr, A. Jean LUCAS (United Nations).

2. The Committee held three meetings :Wednesday, 6 November 1946, at ro a.m.Thursday, 7 November 1946, at ro a.m.Saturday, 9 November 1946, at 3.30 p.m.

3. The Committee elected Dr. ChouchaPacha Chairman and Dr. Evang and Dr. dePaula Souza Vice-Chairmen. Dr. Evang wasalso asked to serve as Rapporteur. Mr. Calder-wood (Adviser to the United States Delegation)and Mr. Vallat (Adviser to the United KingdomDelegation) were requested by the Chairman toassist the rapporteur.

4. Items 3, 5, 6, and 7 of the AnnotatedAgenda (document WHO.IC/W.25, Annex .r.rb),had been referred to the Committee.

5. Item 3 (a): Administrative Agreementbetween the United Nations and the InterimCommission on co-operation for the secondsession of the Interim Commission, Geneva,4-ro November 1946 (document WHO.IC/W.I7,Annex 13).

The Committee recommends approval of thisagreement provided it is understood throughoutthat " WHO " means " Interim Commission "1.

6. Item 3 (b) : Draft Master Agreement be-tween the United Nations and the World HealthOrganization : Annex : Explanatory Note onthe Draft Master Agreement (document WHO.IC/W.r8, Annex 23a).

After discussion of the Draft Master Agree-ment prepared by the Secretariat, a DraftingSub-Committee, composed of the Rapporteur,Dr. REDSHAW and Dr. MARTINEZ BAEZ, wasasked to revise the Secretariat's draft of theMaster Agreement in the light of the discussion.Mr. Yates and the two assistants to the Rap-porteur were also invited to sit with this Sub-Committee. The Sub-Committee proposed tothe Committee the modifications to the DraftMaster Agreement set out in the documentWH O. I C/R/W. r, Annex 23c. These modifica-fions, altered in accordance with the wishes ofthe Committee, are contained in Appendix rto this report (see Annex 23d, page 127.)

1 This has been corrected in the printed version. -Ed.

The Committee recommends the approval ofthe Draft Master Agreement subject to themodifications set out in this Appendix.

7. Item 3(c) : Collaboration between theDivision of Public Information of the UnitedNations and the World Health Organization(document WHO.IC/W.2I, Annex 25a).

The Committe calls attention to the note onArticle VI in Appendix r (page 129) and suggeststhat the Secretariat should make a further studyof this problem and should present a memoran-dum on the subject to the Interim Commissionat a subsequent meeting.

8. Item 5 : Present state of negotiationswith the Pan American Sanitary Bureau(document WHO.IC/W.I9, Annex 21a).

This item was referred back to the plenarysession.

9. Item 6: Principles of co-operation be-tween the World Health Organization and otherspecialized agencies and state of negotiationswith them (document WHO.IC/W.8, Annex17).

The Committee recommends the approval inprinciple of this memorandum and suggests thatthe Secretariat, in any conversations on thissubject with representatives of other specializedagencies, should take into consideration thediscussion recorded in the minutes of the meet-ings of this Committee. One representativestated that he would submit a resolution tothe plenary session with regard to the proposalconcerning the establishment of United Nationsresearch laboratories (see document WHO.IC/W.8, page 96).

ro. Item 7 Principles of co-operation be-tween the World Health Organization and inter-national and national organizations interestedin health (document WHO.IC/W.ro, Annex 18).

The Committee recommends the adoption ofthe Resolution containéd in Appendix 2 to thisreport, conceriring the principles of co-operationbetween the WHO and voluntary associations.

WHO.IC/R/r. Appendix 2 1.

Resolution on the Principles of Co-operationbetween the World Health Organization and

Non-governmental Organizations(document WHO.IC/W.ro).

The Interim Commission,Having reviewed the excellent report of the

Secretariat on the subject of the principles ofco-operation between 'the World Health Or-

I For Appendix I of this Report, see Annex 23d, page lay.Thesubstance of this Report was accepted by the Interim Commission

(see pages 22-25).

ANNEXES 24, 25 a - 136 -

ganization and international and national non-governmental organizations interested in health :

Recognizes the complexity of the problem andthe desirability of giving it mature considerationin view of the importance of non-governmental

a. COLLABORATION

organizations and the value of their contribu-tion in the field of health ; and

Refers the problem to the Secretariat forfurther study of the extent to which suchorganizations may be brought into relation-ship with the WHO.

Annex 25. WHO.IC/W.2r.28 October 1946.

PUBLIC INFORMATION

BETWEEN. THE DIVISION OF PUBLIC INFORMATION OF THE UNITED NATIONSAND THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION

(Note by the Secretariat).

In accordance with Articles 58 and 63 of theCharter, which request co-ordination of theactivities of the United Nations and its spe-cialized agencies in the field of public informa-tion, the Department of Public Informationconvened (17 July to 2 August) the informationofficers of the specialized agencies to discuss thetype of services which the United Nationscould provide in the field, as well as the joint andreciprocal information services which could beset up for and between the United Nations andthe specialized agencies. At this meeting, aConsultative Committee on public informationwas formed.

The Interim Commission Secretariat wasrepresented by Mr. Deutschman at the sessionof this Consultative Committee, on 15 October.In addition to this Committee, a provisionalFilm and Visual Information Committee and aprovisional Broadcasting Committee were alsoset up " for the purpose of exploring thepossibilities of such joint boards and servicesand considering immediate directions in whichboards could undertake joint activities orbenefit by joint services."

The Consultative Committee on Public In-formation discussed various aspects of suggestedcommon services : the distribution of Pressreleases from Headquarters through teletypecircuits to world news agencies ; the relayingof releases in America of material from confer-ences overseas in the field of radio liaisonservices ; joint participation in national andlocal radio programmes ; the selection ofmaterial from specialized agencies to be includedin United Nations bulletins and the Y ear-Book ; and co-operation in distribution, inmailing lists, and in preparing thè boOkletseries of the United Nations and joint cata-logues.

The necessity of an exchange of advanceinformation on schedules of proposed meetingsand of publications was ttressed as essential forthe efficient functioning of the Public Informa-tion Services.

The Consultative Committee also consideredthe desirability of establishing subsidiary agree-ments between the United 'Nations and spe-cialized agencies with regard to public inform-ation activities. In all agreements signed by theUnited Nations and its specialized agencies,an article has been included to provide for theestablishment and use of certain common tech-nical services : in the agreement with UNESCO,a specific article was inserted providing forfurther agreements at the executive levelfor co-operation and joint services in the field ofpublic informatiOn. It was suggested thatfuture agreements between the United Nationsand other specialized agencies should includesuch an article.

The provisional Film and Visual InformationCommittee, which was set up on 15 October,discussed a tentative draft constitution fora Joint United Nations Film Board. The aimsof the Board were defined as follows : to co-ordinate the activities of the organs and spe-cialized agencies of the United Nations in thefield of information and education by means offilms and other visual media and to stimulateand direct the production, distribution and useof films and other visual material in the interestsof the United Nations and the specializedagencies.

Because of the special interests of UNESCOin the field of films, which were assigned to itby its Constitution, the question of a joint FilmBoard under the United Nations is still thesubject of discussion between the UnitedNations Department of Public Information andUNESCO.

While the Interim Commission of the WorldHealth Organization will no doubt set up apublic information unit of its own in the nearfuture, there is no doubt that the services offeredby the United Nations Department of PublicInformation will be a real asset to the WHO inproviding the necessary means of adequatepublicity for its activities.

- 137 - ANNEX 25 b

b. UNITED NATIONS FILM BOARD(Note submitted by the Executive Secretary.)

With reference to paragraph 3, page 2 of theNote on Collaboration between the Division ofPublic Information of the United Nations andthe World Health Organization (documentWHO. IC/W.2i, Annex 25a), the ExecutiveSecretary submits to the Interim Commissionfor its consideration the Draft Statutes of theUnited Nations Film Board, drawn up by thetemporary Provisional Film Committee on25 October 1946.

DRAFT STATUTES OF THE UNITED NATIONSFILM BOARD

Article I.

A United Nations Film Board (hereinaftercalled the Board) is established by the PresentStatutes.

Article II.

The purposes of the Board are :

. To co-ordinate the activities of the UnitedNations and of the specialized agencies in thefield of information and education by means offilms and other visual média.

2. To stimulate and, through its ExecutiveOffice, direct the production, distribution anduse of films and other visual media which shallserve the purposes of the United Nations andof the specialized agencies.

3. To supervise the work of the ExecutiveOffice.

Article III.

Membership of the Board shall be open to :

I. The United Nations, represented by itsDepartment of Public Information ; and

- 2. Any specialized agency which has beenbrought into relationship with the UnitedNations in accordance with Article 57 of theCharter.

Such membership shall be made effective bythe conclusion of an agreement between theSecretary-General of the United Nations andthe corresponding officers of the specializedagencies. This agreement shall provide for theacceptance of these statutes.

Article IV.

I. The United Nations shall have two re-presentatives on the Board, and each siecializedagency referred to in Article III, paragráph 2,shall have one representative, provided thatwhen the United Nations Educational, Scientificand Cultural Organization becomes a Memberof the Board, it shall have two representatives.


2. Each representative may be accompaniedby an alternate representative and such techni-cal advisers as he may require.

Article V.

The Board shall invite any specialized agencywhich is not a member of the Board to partici-pate without vote in its deliberations, on anymatter put, at the request of that agency, on theagenda and on any matter of particular concernto that agency.

Article VI.

The first Chairman of the Board shall be arepresentátive of the Department of PublicInformation of the United Nations. He shallhold office for six months. Thereafter the Boardshall elect a Chairman from among its membersto hold office for a period of one year. TheChairman must hold office until his successor iselected. The Chairman shall not be eligible forimmediate re-election.

Article VII.

The Secretary of the Board shall be theExecutive Director of the Executive Officehereinafter described or his deputy. He shallbe responsible for making the necessary ar-rangements for meetings of the Board.

Article VIII.

1. The Board shall hold at least four ordinarysessions every year.

2. Ordinary sessions shall be held at a dateand a place fixed by the Board at the previoussession.

3. The Chairman of the Board, in consultationwith the Executive Director, may call anextraordinary session of the Board and fix thedate and the place thereof.

4. Any member may request the conveningof an extraordinary session, and such a sessionshall be called by the Chairman with the consentof a majority of the members.

Article IX.

1. A provisional agenda for each session shallbe drawn up by the Executive Director actingas Secretary of the Board in consultation withthe Chairman of the Board.

2. Any member shall have the right to placeitems on the provisional agenda.

3. The provisional agenda shall be com-municated to the members, together with thenotice convening the Board, so as to reach themat least fifteen days before the opening of anyordinary session and not less than forty-eighthours before the opening of any extraordinarysession.

4. The Board may decide to revise the pro-visional agenda, to add new items or to deleteitems from it.

ANNEX 25 b - 138 -

Article X.

A majority of members of the Board shallconstitute a quorum.

Article XI.

r. Each member of the Board shall have onevote.

2. Decisions of the Board shall be made by amajority of the members present and voting.

Article XII.

The Board shall set up such committees andsubsidiary bodies as may be required for theperformance of its functions.

Article XIII.

The Board shall have the following power andfunctions :

r. Films.

r. To arrange for, stimulate and facilitate theproduction and distribution of films in accord-ance with the plans of its members eitherthrough external organizations or its ownfacilities ;

2. To establish and maintain general services,including film library services and services ofdocumentation on world film production anddistribution, and to promote and co-ordinateother similar general services ;

3. To encourage and help in the formation offilm producing units in non-producing coun-tries.

2. Photographs, Charts, Exhibits.

(a) To use and extend the existing servicesof the Department of Public Informationand promote and co-ordinate or createother similar services ;

(b) To promote artistic collaboration on aninternational plane for the production ofposters, charts, photo-spreads, etc ;

To co-ordinate the production and dis-tribution of photographic and graphicmaterial and maintain a regular ex-change of material between the spe-cialized agencies and the Division ofFilms and Visual Information ;

(d) To co-ordinate the production and dis-tribution of materials for various types ofexhibits.

(0)

3. Publications.

To publish or promote and co-ordinate thepublication of bulletins, catalogues, journals,etc., dealing with visual media.

Article XIV.

r. Once a year, on a date to be fixed by theBoard, all members shall table their plans in the

field of film and visual media for the ensuingyear.

2. At each ordinary session, each member ofthe Board shall report any change or additionto this plan.

3. After discussion by the Board, these plansand any modifications shall be referred to theExecutive Office for execution.

4. Policy decisions regarding content of filmsand other visual material shall, however, remainwith the member who initiates the project.

Article XV.

The Board may establish priorities to guidethe Executive Office in the performance of itsduty.

Article XVI.

As an interim arrangement pending theeventual establishment of the Board's ownExecutive Office, financed jointly by membersof the Board, the Executive Office shall consistof an Executive Director, who shall be theDirector of the Film and Visual InformationDivision of the Department of Public Informa-tion of the United Nations, and such basicstaff as may be put at the disposal of the Boardby joint agreement between the Department ofPublic Information and UNESCO at theirexpense. Costs of production, if any, shall beborne by the member or members which initiateproduction projects.

Article XVII.

The Executive Office shall carry out on behalfof and under the direction of the Board suchplans for the co-ordination, production, dis-tribution and use of films and other visualmedia as may be referred to it by the Boardand such functions as may be delegated to itby the Board.

Article XVIII.

The Executive Office shall have exclusiveresponsibility on behalf of the members of theBoard for maintenance of contacts with Go-vernmental agencies, non-governmental agencies,the film industry and operators in the field ofother visual media necessary for the executionof the plans of the members of the Board. Inparticular cases, however, the Board maydelegate this responsibility to any of its mem-bers.

Article XIX.

The Executive Director shall present anannual report to the Board on the activities ofthe Executive Office.

Article XX.

The Executive Office shall make use of allservices and facilities of the Department ofPublic Information of the United Nations andof the other members of the Board as may beappropriate for the performance of its functions.

- 139 - ANNEXES 25 b, 26

Article XXI.All members undertake to furnish to the

Executive Office all assistance which may benecessary for the efficient performance of itsfunctions.

Article XXII.Each member may maintain such staff as may

be necessary to deal with its day-to-day activi-ties in the field of films and visual media andto ensure its full co-operation with the Board.

Article XXIII.1. This agreement shall come into force as

soon as the present document has been signed bythe Secretary-General of the United Nations, theDirector-General of UNESCO and the appro-priate officer of at least one other specializedagency eligible for membership on the Board.

2. It shall remain in force for a period of oneyear and may be reviewed from time to time bymutual consent.

Annex 26.

RESEARCH LABORATORIES

WHO.IC/W.39.ro November 1946.

RESOLUTION ON THE ESTABLISHMENT OF RESEARCH LABORATORIES

(submitted by the Representative from the United States of America).

The Interim Commission :NOTES the resolution of the Economic and

Social Council regarding the Establishment ofResearch Laboratories (United Nations docu-ment E/233, 3 October 1946) ;

CONCURS in the opinion :

(1) That a certain number of research activi-ties can be conducted in a rational manner onlyon an international scale, and

(2) That many branches of scientific researchconnected with the promotion of human know-ledge, and especially with public health, wouldyield considerably more effective results if theywere conducted on an international scale ; and

INVITES the attention of the Economic andSocial Council to the following provisions of theConstitution of the WHO :

(1) Chapter I - Objective, Article r. " Theobjective of the WHO shall be the attainmentby all peoples of the highest possible level ofhealth ".

(2) Chapter II - Functions, Article 2. " Inorder to achieve its objective the functions ofthe Organization shall be :

" (a) To act as the directing and co-ordinat-ing authority on international health work ; "

" (n) To promote and conduct research in thefield of health."

(3) Chapter V - The World Health Assem-bly, Article 18. " The functions of the HealthAssembly shall be :

" (k) To promote and conduct research inthe field of health by the personnel of the Or-ganization, by the establishment of its owninstitutions or by co-operation vi ith officialor non-official institutions of any member withthe consent of its Government

[REMINDS the Economic and Social Council ofthe dangers inherent in over-centralization andregimentation of scientific research ;] 1 and

REQUESTS that, in view of the responsibilityand authority placed upon the WHO in respectof international research in the field of healthand in view of the responsibility assigned by theIntergovernmental Arrangement of 22 July1946 to the Interim Commission for preparingfor the first World Health Assembly, the Eco-nomic and Social Council limit its action inregard to international research in health priorto the first meeting of the World Health Assem-bly to consultation with interested agencies,including the Interim Commission, and to thedevelopment of such recommendations as maybe deemed helpful to the World Health As-sembly, which, under the WHO Constitution, isrequired to consider recommendations bearingon health made by the Economic and SocialCouncil and to report to the Council on thesteps taken by the WHO to give effect to suchrecommendations.

This resolution was adopted by the Interim Commission, with therevision of the paragraph in brackets above, to read as follows :

" RECORDS its belief that there are dangers inherent in over-centraliz-ation and regimentation of scientific research."

ANNEXES 27, 28 a - 140 -

Annex 27.

AMENDMENT TO RULES OF PROCEDURE

WHOJC/AF/W.5.9 November 1946.

RECOMMENDATION FOR THE AMENDMENT OF THE RULES OF PROCEDURE OF THE INTERIMCOMMISSION 1

(proposed by the Committee on Administration and Finance).

The Committee on Administration and Fi-nance recommends to the Interim Commissionthe amendment of the Rules of Procedure ofthe Commission by the addition of the followingnew Rule after Rule 27 :

Rule 27 bis.(a) Subject to any decision of the Commission,

1 This recommendation was adopted by the Interim Cbmmission (seepage 31).

each Committee shall adopt its own Rules ofProcedure, which shall, so far as practicable, bebased upon the Rules of Procedure of the Com-mission.

(b) Pending the adoption by the Committeeof its own Rules of Procedure, the Rules ofProcedure of the Commission shall, so far asapplicable, be followed by the Committee.

Annex 28. WHO.IC/W.I5.21 October 1946.

PAYMENT OF MEMBERS

a. PAYMENT OF EXPENSES OF COMMISSION AND COMMITTEE MEMBERS IN CONNEXION WITHMEETINGS


1. The Committee on Administraiion andFinance, at its meeting in New York, instructedthe Executive Secretary to submit to theInterim Commission proposals relative to thepayment of expenses of members of the Com-mission and of its committees, including expertsserving on committees in their private capacity,in attendance at meetings. It was suggestedthat the Commission should be guided by thepractice of the Economic and Social Counciland related specialized agencies, and the Execu-tive Secretary was requested to compile informa-tion thereon.

2. Subsequent 'to the meeting of the Com-mittee on Administration and Finance, thisquestion was reconsidered by the Economic andSocial Council, and on 25 September 1946 theCouncil voted to recommend to the Assemblythe adoption of the following modified arrange-ments (see United Nations document E/P.V.21) :

A. The United Nations would pay the costof transportation and per diem subsistenceallowances, in connexion with attendanceat meetings, for all members of commis-sions and sub-commissions of the Econo-mic and Social Council, whether servingas representatives of Governments or intheir private capacity.

B. The cost of transportation and subsis-tence allowances for alternates, advisers

and assistants accompanying membersshould be paid by their respective Go-vernments.

If the General Assembly accepts this recom-mendation, the commissions, committees andsub-committees of all organs of the UnitedNations other than the Assembly itself willpresumably be treated in the same manner.

3. In the FAO, the practice is for the Or-ganization to pay travel aiid subsistence ex-penses of members of its Executive Committee(comparable in size and functions to the InterimCommission of the WHO), as well as of membersof all standing and ad hoc committees of the.Organization.

4. On the other hand, the expenses of mem-bers of the Preparatory Commission of UNESCOhave thus far been paid by Governments,although the Commission met the expenses ofthe committee sent to New York to negotiatean agreement between UNESCO and the UnitedNations. Future practice will be determined bythe forthcoming Conference of UNESCO.

5. In view of the fairly general application ofthe principle that differences in travel and sub-sistence expenses should be equalized as be-tween Governments by pooling costs, it is re-commended that transportation and subsis-tence be met from Interim Commission funds for

- 141 - ANNEx 28 a, b, c

the following categories of persons attendingmeetings :

Each representative on the Commission(or an officially designated alternate in caseof his absence) ;

Each member of the Commission's [internaland] expert committees and sub-committees ;

Technical experts and consultants [at-tached] 2 tO such committees or sub-commit-tees.

[The expenses of all other persons attendingmeetings as advisers or assistants to membersshould be paid by their Governments]. 3

1 0Mit.

2 Substitute : "appointed".a SubStitute : "Since the Chairman of the Interim Commission does

not have the right to vote, the cost of transportation and subsistencefor his alternate, as well as for himself, shall be borne by the InterimCommission. The expenses of all other persons attending meetings asadvisers or assistants to members should be paid by their Governments".

This document was considered by the Committee on Administrationand Finance (see pages 40-41), and the text revised as noted above.

6. If the Interim Commission approves thisrecommendation, a suitable procedure for thereimbursement of transportation costs and forthe determination and payment of per diemsubsistence allowances will be developed by theCommission staff, and information thereoncommunicated to all Governments and personsconcerned. The amount of the per diem subsis-tence allowance will need to be adjusted to thehotel rates and incidental charges prevailingin the area where a given meeting is held.

7. It is to be noted that the Committee onAdministration and Finance is on record asbeing in favour of the reimbursement of Go-vernments for the payment of expenses ofCommission members attending the Novembersession, in the event that the Commissionadopts at that time the principle of makingsuch payment out of Commission funds.

WHO/IC.AF/W.3.8 November 1946.

b. DRAFT RESOLUTION ON PAYMENT OF EXPENSES OF COMMISSION AND COMMITTEE MEMBERS,IN CONNEXION WITH MEETINGS

(submitted by the Drafting Sub-Committee of the Committee on Administration and Finance.)

The Committee on Administration and Fi-nance recommends to the Interim Commissionthe adoption of the following Resolution :

" Beginning with the second session of theInterim Commission, transportation and sub-sistence expenses shall be met from InterimCommission funds for the following categoriesof persons attending meetings :

" 1. Chairman of the Interim Commission ;

" 2. The representative from each of theeighteen States entitled to designate personsto serve on the Commission (or an officiallydesignated alternate in case of his absence) ;

C.

" 3. Each member of the Commission'sexpert committees and sub-committees ;

" 4. Technical experts and consultantsappointed to committees or sub-committeesas such. 1

" In determining the amounts to be paid fortransportation and subsistence, the ExecutiveSecretary shall be governed by the policies andpractices of the United Nations."

1 Read : "Technical experts and consultants appointed as such tocommittees or sub-committees."

This resolution was adopted by the Committee on Administration andFinance and by the Interim Commission with the amendment notedabove (see page 43 and page x8).


RATES OF AND PROCEDURE FOR PAYMENT OF EXTENSES OF MEMBERS(Statement based on the resolution adopted by the Commission 1.)

1. Travel and per diem (in lieu of subsistence)expenses of members in attendance at InterimCommission meetings and technical expertsserving committees (i.e., excluding alternates,advisers and secretaries) will be reimbursable.

2. The rates and conditions of these paymentswill, in general, be those already recommendedby the Economic and Social Council and set outin the Secretary-General's Bulletin, No. 9,Addendum 2.

I See Annex a8b.

3. Actual expenses for first class 'or otherequivalent travel by the most direct, usually-travelled route, from a member's home orbusiness office to the place of meeting, willbe allowed.

4. Per diem (in lieu of subsistence) allowanceswill be payable at the rate of $20 per diemduring the travel period (while members- areboth going to and coming from meetings), andalso while members are attending the meetings,except during the time when they are beingaccommodated aboard ship or aircraft, when theallowance will be $3 per diem.

ANNEX 28 c, d - 142 -

5. The estimated return travel expenseshome or to other equivalent destinations willbe provided as follows :

(a) Tickets will be purchased by the WHOTravel Section ;

(b) Per diem allowances will be paid for theestimated period of journey, as in para-graph 4 above ; and

(c) Reasonable incidental expenses en route(e.g., taxi fares, luggage insurance, etc.)will be estimated and paid.

6. Miscellaneous " official " expenses incurred,such as those for official telegrams, long distancetelephone calls, etc., will be paid.

7. All claims will be settled at the place ofmeeting either in United States dollars or inother desired currency, if available.

8. A certificate will be signed by membersasserting that the return journeys, as stated, willbe duly taken, or that otherwise the unrequiredtickets and the corresponding expense moneyand per diem allowances will be returned.

d. PROVISIONAL RULES FOR THE

(Based on the resolution adopted by

These rules concern the payment of transportatInterim Commission and committee members andof authorized attendance at Interim Commission

1. Claims may be submitted by those au-thorized to receive reimbursement, as determinedby the resolution contained in document WHO.IC/AF/W.3 of the second session, adopted bythe Interim Commission on 9 November 1946(see Annex 28b).

2. For the time being, rates and conditions,generally, will correspond to those in force withthe United Nations.

Section I. - Reimbursement of TransportationExpenses.

(a) Actual travel expenses by any mode oftransportation preferred, first class or otherequivalent mode of travel, will be allowed, notexceeding such cost by the most direct, usually-travelled route from home or office address tothe designated place of meeting.

(b) Return expenses may be claimed to pointof departure, if desired, by a circuitous route orto any other destination, provided the actualtravel cost is not greater than travel cost byair (including travel per diem by air) to thepoint of departure.

(c) Except in the case of return ticketsheld in advance, all tickets required for thereturn journey will be provided by the InterimCommission. Any excess cost of the journey,as in (b) above, must be refunded to the InterimCommission at the time of delivery of tickets.

(d) Receipted vouchers or, where available,tickets, should be furnished when claimingreimbursement of transportation expenses.


REIMBURSEMENT OF MEMBERS

the Commission, see Annex 28b.)

ion, per diem and other expenses to accreditedto technical experts and consultants in respectmeetings.

Section II. - Per diem Allowance.

A daily allowance, in lieu of subsistenceexpenses, will be payable while members are intravel status and attending meetings.

(a) The normal rate of allowance will beU.S. $20 per day, but this rate may be adjustedto local hotel rates and incidental chargesprevailing in any one area, or to conditionsresulting from subsistence or services beingprovided, wholly or in part, by the Secretariator a Governmental authority.

(b) Where cost of travel includes subsistence(meals and berth), the allowance will be U.S.$3 per day during the period of such travel.

(c) The allowance is payable for each dayin travel status, including the day of departurefor meetings, but not including the day of returnto point of departure or other destination.

(d) If return is selected by a circuitous routeto the point of departure, or to a destinationother than the point of departure, per diemallowance will be payable for the number of daysrequired by the mode and destination of travelselected, provided the fare plus per diem allow-ance will not exceed the air fare plus air per diemallowance over the period required to return tothe point of departure.

(e) The per diem allowance will be regardedas covering all charges for meals, hotel ex-penses, gratuities, taxi fares, personal telegrams,telephone calls, laundry, etc.

- 143 - ANNEXES 28 d, 29 a

Section III. - Official Expenses and OtherCharges reimbursable.

The following expenses incurred are reimburs-able :

(a) Taxis on official business when otherofficial transportation is not provided.

(b) Long-distance telephone calls regardingreservations and other material arrangementsrequired for attendance at the meeting (infor-mation must be furnished in the claim indicatingthe date of the call, the name of person called,points between which the call was taken, andthe amount paid on each call).

(c) Telegrams, cables or radio service as in(b) above, provided copies of messages des-patched are furnished with the claim.

(d) Personal effects (baggage) and premiums forinsurance up to a total value of effects of U.S.$1,000 for the period of meeting and when intravel status (receipts should be submittedwith travel claim, or, if not available, a state-ment to that effect should be included in theclaim for reimbursement).

Note: The Interim Commicsion can accept no responsibility for lossor damage to personal effects or baggage, unless it has undertaken tostore or forward such effects or baggage, or unless the loss or damageresult directly from negligence of its officials.

(e) Excess baggage charges are not reimburs-able unless it can- be shown that there is officialnecessity therefor.

Section IV. - General.

(a) All expenses submitted should be statedin the currency in which they have been, or willbe, incurred. Reimbursement made will be inthat currency, or in United States dollars at theofficial rate of exchange prevailing at the timewhen the claim is paid.

(b) Travel expenses or allowances for as-sistants, secretaries, or relatiVes will not be paidby the Interim Commission.

(c) Wherever possible, all claims for reim-bursement of per diem allowances, transporta-tion and other reimbursable expenses will besubmitted for payment before departure toreturn destination.

(d) A certificate will be signed that, in the'event of the return journey, as stated, notbeing duly completed, the unrequired ticketswhich the Interim Commission has purchasedwill be returned and refund made of any pay-ment advanced by the Commission for transporta-tion cost, per diem allowance and expenses,corresponding to the unrequired section of thereturn journey.

(e) One copy of the travel claim should beretained for personal record.

Annex 29.

FINANCIAL REGULATIONS

a. DRAFT PROVISIONAL FINANCIAL REGULATIONS(submitted by the Executive Secretary).

Regulation I. - Committee on Administrationand Finance.

A. The standing Committee on Administra-tion and Finance of the Interim Commission ofthe World Health Organization, acting under theauthority, conferred upon it by the Commissionat its first session, shall exercise the functionsassigned to the Committee by these Regulationsand may deal with any urgent financial matterreferred to it by the Executive Secretary.

B. The Committee shall elect its Chairmanand one or more Vice-Chairmen, who shall holdoffice during the life of the Committee.

C. If the Chairman or a Vice-Chairmanresigns or is otherwise unable to perform thefunctions of his office, the Committee shall electa successor at the next meeting.

D. The Committee shall adopt its own rules ofprocedure and shall determine the place andtime of its meetings.

1 These Regulations were considered and revised by the Committee onAdministration and Finance (see Annex 29 b and c).


[E. If it is considered necessary, the Com-mittee may engage the services of one or morefinancial experts in a consultative capacity,to advise it concerning the discharge of itsfunctions.]

Regulation II. - CUrrenCy.

The Committee shall determine the currencyin which the budget and accounts of the Com-mission shall be compiled on recommendationby the Executive Secretary after consultationwith the appropriate authorities of the UnitedNations.

Regulation III. - Budget.

A. The Executive Secretary shall prepare andsubmit to the Committee on Administrationand Finance expenditure estimates for suchperiod or periods as the Committee maydetermine.

B. These estimates shall show, in such detailas may be practicable, (i) the various functionsor purposes for which funds are proposed to be

ANNEX 29 a - 144 -

expended and (2) the staff salaries, travel, andother operating costs involved.

C. The Committee shall examine the estimatesand shall be entitled to make amendmentsthereto. The estimates as finally voted by theCommittee shall constitute the expenditure bud-get for the period concerned.

D. Each expenditure budget shall be reportedto the members of the Commission at its nextsession.

Regulation IV. - Expenditure of Funds.

A. The adoption of an éxpenditure budget bythe Committee on Administration and Financeshall constitute an authorization to the Exe-cutive Secretary to incur obligations and expen-ditures during the period to which the Budgetrelates for the purposes for which funds havebeen voted up to, but not exceeding, the

' amounts so voted.

B. Transfers from one item to another withinthe same chapter of any budget, and the ex-penditure of any sum (or part thereof) whichmay have been voted to cover unforeseencontingencies, may be effected by the ExecutiveSecretary on his own authority, provided thatthe reasons for such transfer or expenditures arereported to the Committee on Administrationand Finance.

C. Transfers from one chapter of a budget toanother may be authorized only by vote of theCommittee on recommendation by the Exe-cutive Secretary. In case of urgency, suchvote may be taken by mail or telegraph.

D. The Executive Secretary shall submit tothe Committee at each meeting a detailedstatement of the budgetary position of theCommission at that time, including all commit-ments, expenditures, and transfers of funds fromone part of the budget to another.

Regulation V. - Acceptance of Funds.

A. The Executive Secretary is authorized toreceive such funds, up to but not exceeding theamounts voted in the budget of the InterimCommission, as may be made available to theCommission by the United Nations, whether inthe form of a loan or of a direct grant. He shallmake the necessary arrangements with theappropriate authorities of the United Nationsfor this purpose and report thereon as necessaryto the Commission.

B. The Executive Secretary, with the ap-proval of the Committee on Administration andFinance, is authorized to accept, on behalf ofthe Commission, for the World Health Organiz-ation, any funds, properties or other assetswhich may be transferred from internationalhealth agencies to the Commission in accordancewith the provisions of paragraphs 2(d), (e) and(f) of the Arrangement of 22 July 1946. Inconnexion with such action, the ExecutiveSecretary shall cause an inventory to be madeof all supplies, equipment and other propertiesso transferred.

C. In case the funds received from the UnitedNations or from the sources referred to inparagraph B of this Regulation should proveinsufficient to meet the expenses of the Commis-sion, the Committee on Administration ándFinance, in pursuance of paragraph 8 of theArrangement, may recommend to the Commis-sion that the Executive Secretary be instructedto invite Governments signatory to the Arrange-ment to advance funds to the Commission, allsuch advances to be credited against the con-tributions of such Governments to the WorldHealth Organization in future years. On theapproval of any such recommendation by theCommission, the Executive Secretary shall soproceed and shall report the receipt of all suchadvances of funds to the next session of theCommission.

Regulation VI. - Accounts and Audit.

A. The Executive Secretary, in agreementwith appropriate authorities of the UnitedNations, shall be responsible for the institutionof an adequate accounting system which shallensure efficient control of all expenditure andprovide at all times complete information on thebudgetary and financial position of the Com-mission.

B. Not more than three months after the closeof the year 1946, and at such subsequent timesas may be ordered by the Committee on Ad-ministration and Finance, the Executive Secre-tary shall prepare accounts showing :

1. Detailed receipts and expenditures todate ;

2. A complete statement of assets and lia-bilities ; and

3. Any other information requested by theCommittee.

C. The Commission, on the recommendationof the Committee on Administration and Fi-nance, shall appoint an auditor, for such periodas it may determine, who shall be a person orfirm in no way connected with the Commission.The duties of the auditor shall be to make athorough examination of the books and accountsof the Commission and report thereon to theCommittee. A copy of the auditor's report shallalso be transmitted to the Executive Secretary,who shall present to the Committee such com-ments thereon as he may desire to make.

D. The Committee shall examine the accountsof the Executive Secretary and the report of theauditor and submit a report thereon to theCommission. A copy of the accounts and of theauditor's report shall be communicated (1) toeach member of the Commission at least four-teen days in advance of the date fixed for thesession, and (2) to the appropriate authoritiesof the United Nations.

E. The Commission may disallow any itemin the accounts of the Executive Secretarywhich it considers improper and may direct thecorresponding amendment of the accounts. Ifit disallows any item, the Commission shall

- 145 - ANNEX 29 a, b

decide what steps shall be taken to deal withthe matter.

F. The Commission shall approve the ac-counts with any modification which may bemade, in accordance with paragraph E of thisRegulation.

Regulation VII. - Custody of Funds.The 'Executive Secretary, in consultation

with the appropriate authorities of the UnitedNations, shall designate the bank or banks inwhich the funds made available to the Commis-sion shall be kept.

Regulation VIII. - Amendment of FinancialRegulations.

These Regulations may be amended in thesame manner as the Rules of Procedure of the

Commission. If, however, the Committee onAdministration and Finance should decide thatan alteration or addition is urgently required,the Committee may provisionally put into effectsuch alteration or addition subject to confirm-ation by the Commission at its next session.

Regulation IX. - Entry into Force.

A. These Regulations shall become effectiveas of . . . .

B. Any decision relative to the budget of theCommission taken previously by the Commit-tee on Administration and Finance shall beconsidered as having been confirmed by theadoption of these Regulations by the Commis-sion.

WHO.IC/AF/W.2.7 November 1946.

b. DRAF T PR OVISIO NAL FI NA NCIAL RE GULATIO NS

(as revised by the Drafting Sub-Committee of the Committee on Administration and Finance).


A. The standing Committee on Administra-tion and Finance of the Interim Commissionof the World Health Organization (hereinafterreferred to as " the Committee ") shall exercisethe functions assigned to it by these Regulationsand may deal with any urgent financial matterreferred to it by the Executive Secretary.

B. The Committee shall elect its Chairman,one or more Vice-Chairmen and a Rapporteur,who shall hold office during the life of the Com-mittee.

C. If the Chairman (or a Vice-Chairman orthe Rapporteur) resigns or is otherwise unableto perform the functions of his office, the Com-mittee shall elect a successor at the next meeting.

D. The Committee shall be governed by therules of procedure of the Interim Commissioninsofar as they may be applicable.

E. The Committee shall determine the placeand time of its meetings. In case of urgency, theExecutive Secretary, with the approval of theChairman, may convene an extraordinarymeeting of the Committee.

F. The Committee may engage the servicesof one or more financial experts in a consultativecapacity to advise it concerning the dischargeof its functions.

Regulation II. - Currency.A. The Committee shall determine the curren-

cy in which the budget and accounts of theCommission shall be compiled on recommenda-tion by the Executive Secretary, after consul-tation with the appropriate authorities of theUnited Nations.

Regulation III. - Budget.A. The Executive Secretary shall prepare and

submit to the Committee expenditure estimates

5 See WHOM/W.9, Annex 295.These regulations were adopted, as revised, by the Committee on

Administration and Finance (see Annex 29e).

for such period or periods as the Committee maydetermine.

B. These estimates shall present by chapterthe broad functions and purposes for whichfunds are proposed to be expended, itemized insuch detail as may be practicable to show thecosts of the staff, salaries, travel and otheroperating costs involved.

C. The Committee shall examine the estimatesand shall be entitled to make amendmentsthereto. The estimates as finally voted by theCommittee shall constitute the expenditurebudget for the period concerned.

D. Each expenditure budget shall be reportedto the Commission at its next session.

Regulation IV. - Expenditure of Funds.A. The adoption of an expenditure budget by

the Committee shall constitute an authoriz-ation to 'the Executive Secretary to incurobligations and expenditures during the periodto which the Budget relates for the purposes forwhich funds have been voted, up to, but notexceeding, the amounts so voted.

B. Transfers from one item to another withinthe same chapter of any budget, and the ex-penditure of any sum (or part thereof) whichmay have been voted to cover unforeseencontingencies, may be effected by the ExecutiveSecretary on his own authority, provided thatthe reasons for such transfers or expendituresare reported to the Committee at its nextmeeting.

C. Transfers from one chapter of a budget toanother may be authorized only by vote of theCommittee. In case of urgency, such vote maybe taken by the Executive Secretary by mailor telegraph.

D. The Executive Secretary shall submit tothe Committee at each meeting a detailedstatement of the budgetary position of theCommission at that time, including all commit-ments, expenditures, and transfers of fundsfrom one part of the budget to another.

ANNEX 29 b - 146 -

Regulation V. - Acceptance of Funds.

A. The Executive Secretary is authorized toreceive such funds, up to but not exceeding theamounts voted in the budget of the InterimCommission, as may be made available to theCommission by the United Nations, whether inthe form of a loan or of a direct grant. He shallmake the necessary arrangements with theappropriate authorities of the United Nationsfor this purpose and report thereon as necessaryto the Committee.

B. The Executive Secretary, with the ap-proval of the Committee, is authorized to accepton behalf of the Commission any funds, pro-perties or other assets which may be transferredfrom international health agencies to the Com-mission in accordance with the provisions ofparagraphs 2(d) and (e) of the Arrangement of22 July 1946. He may also accept any otherfunds, properties or other assets as may beapproved by the Commission. In connectionwith such action, the Executive Secretary shallcause an inventory to be made of all supplies,equipment and other properties so transferred.

C. In case the funds received from the UnitedNations or from the sources referred to inparagraph B of this Regulation should proveinsufficient to meet the expenses of the Commis-sion, the Committee, in pursuance of para-graph 8 of the Arrangement, may recommendto the Commission that the Executive Secre-tary be instructed to invite Governments signa-tory to the Arrangement to advance funds to theCommission, all such advances to be creditedagainst the contributions of such Governmentsto the World Health Organization in futureyears. On the approval of any such recommend-ation by the Commission, the Executive Secre-tary shall so proceed and shall report thereceipt of all such advances of funds to thenext session of the Commission.

Regulation VI. - Accounts and ;Iudit.

A. The Executive Secretary, after consulta-tion with the appropriate authorities of theUnited Nations, shall be responsible for theinstitution of an adequate accounting systemwhich shall ensure efficient control of all ex-penditure and provide at all times completeinformation on the budgetary and financialposition of the Commission.

B. The Executive Secretary shall prepareaccounts showing :

1. Detailed receipts and expenditures ;2. A complete statement of assets and liabi-

lities ;3. Any other information requested by the

Committee.

These accounts shall be prepared at such timesand in respect of such periods as the Committeemay direct. The first account shall be for the

year 1946 and shall be prepared not more thanthree months after the close of the year.

C. The Commission, on the recommendationof the Committee, shall appoint an auditor forsuch period as it may determine, who shall be aperson or firm in no way connected with theCommission. The duties of the auditor shall beto make a thorough examination of the booksand accounts of the Commission and to' reportthereon to the Committee. A copy of the au-ditor's report shall also be transmitted to theExecutive Secretary, who shall present to theCommittee such comments thereon as he maydesire to make.

D. The Committee shall examine the accountsof the Executive Secretary and the report of theauditor and submit a report thereon to theCommission. A copy of the accounts and of theauditor's report shall be communicated (I) toeach member of the Commission at least four-teen days in advance of the date fixed for thesession, and (2) to the appropriate authorities ofthe United Nations.

E. The Commission may disallow any itemin the accounts of the Executive Secretarywhich it considers improper and may direct thecorresponding amendment of the accounts. If itdisallows any item, the Commission shall decidewhat steps shall be taken to deal with thematter.

F. The Commission shall approve the ac-counts, with any modification which may bemade in accordance with paragraph E of thisRegulation.

Regulation VII. - Custody of Funds.

The Executive Secretary, after consultationwith the appropriate authorities of the UnitedNations, shall designate the bank or banks inwhich the funds made available to the Comrhis-sion shall be kept.

Regulation VIII. - Amendment of FinancialRegulations.

These Regulations may be amended in the samemanner as the Rules of Procedure of the Com-mission. If however, the Committee shoulddecide that an alteration or addition is urgentlyrequired, the Committee may provisionally putinto effect such alteration or addition subjectto confirmation by the Commission at its nextsession.

Regulation IX. - Entry into Force.

A. These Regulations shall become effectiveas of 4 November 1946.

B. Any decision relative to the budget of theCommission taken previously by the Committeeshall be considered as having been confirmedby the adoption of these Regulations by theCommission.

- 147 - ANNEX 29 C

WHO.IC/AF/3.12 November 1946.

c. FINANCIAL REGULATIONS I

(submitted by the Committee on Administration and Finance).


A. The standing Committee on Administra-tion and Finance of the Interim Commission ofthe World Health Organization (hereinafterreferred to as " the Committee ") shall exercisethe functions assigned to it by these Regulationsand may deal with any urgent financial matterreferred to it by the Executive Secretary.

B. Upon the request of the Committee, theExecutive Secretary shall engage the servicesof one or more financial experts in a consultativecapacity to advise the Committee.

Regulation II. - Currency.

The Commission shall determine the currencyin which its budget and accounts shall becompiled on recommendation by the Commit-tee after consultation between the ExecutiveSecretary and the appropriate authorities ofthe United Nations.

Regulation III. - Budget.

A. The Executive Secretary shall prepareand submit to the Committee expenditureestimates for such period or periods as theCommittee may determine. In preparing theestimate of expenditure for each internalcommittee, the Executive Secretary shall con-sult the Chairman of the internal committeeconcerned.

B. These estimates shall be set out in separatechapters, grouped according to broad functionsand purposes and itemized in such detail asmay be practicable to show the staff salaries,travel and other operating costs involved.

C. The Committee shall examine the estimatesand shall be entitled to make amendmentsthereto. The estimates as voted by the Commit-tee shall be submitted to the Commission forapproval.

D. The estimates may be amended by theCommission, and as finally approved by theCommission shall constitute the expenditurebudget for the period concerned.

Regulation IV. - Expenditure of Funds.

A. The approval of an expenditure budgetby the Commission shall constitute an authoriz-ation to the Executive Secretary to incurobligations and expenditures during the periodto which the budget relates for the purposes forwhich funds have been voted, up to, but notexceeding the amounts so voted.

B. Transfers from one item to another withinthe same chapter of any budget and the ex-

I These Regulations were approved by the Interim Commission inthe adoption of the report of the Committee on Administration andFinance (see page 31), the suggestion for the addition of a regulation onbonding beinefurther discussed at the third session (see the Reportof the Third Session, document WHOJC/76/Rev. r.

penditure of any sum (or part thereof) whichmay have been voted to cover unforeseen con-tingencies may be effected by the ExecutiveSecretary on his own authority, provided thatthe reasons for such transfer or expenditures arereported to the Committee at its next meeting.

C. Transfers from one chapter of a budget toanother may be authorized only by vote of theCommittee. In case of urgency, such vote maybe taken by the Executive Secretary by mail ortelegraph.

D. The Executive Secretary shall submit tothe Committee at each meeting a detailedstatement of the budgetary position of theCommission at that time, including all commit-ments, expenditures, and transfers of funds fromone part of the budget to another.

Regulation V. - Additional Expenditure.

A. The Commission may, if necessary, amendthe expenditure budget after approval.

B. Without prejudice to the generality ofparagraph A of this Regulation, if a decisionof the Commission regarding the appointmentof a Committee or Sub-Committee or any othermatter involves expenditure not provided forby the expenditure budget, the Commissionmay, pending the adoption of a detailed budgetmaking such provision, authorize the ExecutiveSecretary to expend for the purposes of suchCommittee, Sub-Committee or other mattersuch sum as may be deemed necessary for thatpurpose.

C. Where, pending the adoption of a detailedbudget, the Commission has authorized theExecutive Secretary to expend sums, it mayappoint a Committee tb adopt, subject toreview and approval by the Commission, anitemized budget within the chapters alreadyestablished by the Commission.

Regulation VI. - Acceptance of Funds.

A. The Executive Secretary is authorized toreceive such funds, up to but not exceeding theamounts voted in the budget of the InterimCommission, as may be made available to theCommission by the United Nations, whether inthe form of a loan or of a direct grant. He shallmake the necessary arrangements with theappropriate authorities of the United Nationsfor this purpose and report thereon as necessaryto the Committee.

B. The Executive Secretary, with the ap-proval of the Committee, is authorized to accept,on behalf of the tommission, any funds, pro-perties or other assets which may be transferredfrom international health agencies to the Com-mission in accordance with the provisions ofparagraphs 2(d) and (e) of the Arrangement of

ANNEX 29 c - 148 -

22 July 1946. He may also accept such otherfunds, properties or other assets as may beapproved by the Commission. The ExecutiveSecretary shall cause an inventory to be madeof all supplies, equipment and other propertiesso transferred or accepted.

C. In case the funds received from the UnitedNations, or from the sources referred to inparagraph B of this Regulation, should proveinsufficient to meet the expenses of the Com-mission, the Committee, in pursuance of para-graph 8 of the Arrangement, may recommendto the Commission that the Executive Secretarybe instructed to invite Governments signatoryto. the Arrangement to advance funds to theCommission, all such advances to be creditedagainst the contributions of such Governmentsto the World Health Organization in futureyears. On the approval of any such recommend-ation by the Commission, the Executive Secre-tary shall so proceed and shall report the receiptof all such advances of funds to the next sessionof the Commission.

Regulation VII. - Accounts and Audit.

A. The Executive Secretary, after consulta-tion with the appropriate authorities of theUnited Nations, shall be responsible for theinstitution of an adequate accounting systemwhich shall ensure efficient control of all ex-penditure and provide at all times completeinformation on the budgetary and financialposition of the Commission.

B. The Executive Secretary shall prepareaccounts showing :

1. Detailed receipts and expenditures ;2: A complete statement of assets and lia-

bilities ;3. Any other information requested by the

Committee.

These accounts shall be prepared at suchtimes and in respect of such periods as theCommittee may direct. The first account shallbe for the year 1946 and shall be prepared notlater than three months after the close of theyear.

C. The Commission, on the recommendationof the Committee, shall appoint an auditor forsuch period as it may determine, who shall bea person or firm in no way connected with theCommission. The duties of the auditor shall beto make a thorough examination of the booksand accounts of the Commission and to report

thereon to the Committee. A copy of theauditor's report shall also be transmitted to theExecutive Secretary, who shall present to theCommittee such comments thereon as he maydesire to make.

D. The Committee shall examine the accountsof the Executive Secretary and the report of theauditor and submit a report thereon to theCommission. A copy of the accounts and of theauditor's report shall be communicated (1) toeach member of the Commission at least four-teen days in advance of the date fixed for thesession, and (2) to the appropriate authoritiesof the United Nations.

E. The Commission may disallow any itemin the accounts of the Executive Secretarywhich it considers improper and may direct thecorresponding amendment of the accounts. Ifit disallows any item, the Commission shalldecide what steps shall be taken to deal withthe matter.

F. The Commission shall approve the ac-counts, with any modification which may bemade, in accordance with paragraph E of thisRegulation.

Regulation VIII. - Custody of Funds.

The Executive Secretary, after consultationwith the appropriate authorities of the UnitedNations, shall designate the bank or banks inwhich the funds made available to the Commis-sion shall be kept.

Regulation IX. - Amendment of FinancialRegulations.

These Regulations may be amended in thesame manner as the Rules of Procedure of theCommission. If, however, the Committeeshould decide that an alteration or addition isurgently required, the Committee may pro-visionally put into effect such alteration oraddition, subject to confirmation by the Com-mission at its next session,

Regulation X. - Entry into Force.

A. These Regulations shall become effectiveas of 4 November 1946.

B. Any decision relative to the Budget of theCommission taken previously by the Committeeshall be considered as having been confirmed bythe adoption of these Regulations by the Com-mission.

- 149 - ANNEX 30

Annex 30.

EXPENDITURE ESTIMATES

NOTE ON THE FINANCIAL SITUATION(submitted by the Secretariat).

Expenditures up to 19 October 1946.

Expenditures and accrued liabilities of theInterim Commission from 12 August, the dateof the opening of accounts and financial oper-ations, up to 19 October were $20,591.38,including $13,935.13 of actual disbursementsand $6,656.25 of accrued liabilities (see Ap-pendix C). This amount does not includeliabilities for staff salaries in Geneva for theperiod from 16 October to 19 October, estimatedat about $500.

Revised Estimates for 1946.

A provisional budget for 1946 was submittedto the Committee on Administration and Fi-nance and was approved on 24 July 1946(WHO.IC/AF/r, Annex 3ra). Owing to delaysin transfer of staff and functions to the InterimCommission, a number of commitments anti-cipated for the period of August to October willhave to be met during the last two months ofthe year. Further, lack of information as to thesite of the headquarters of the Commissionprevented planning and purchase of essentialequipment, books and reference materials.

The revised estimates for the period 20October to 31 December 1946 (Appendix B to thisnote) were based on the assumption that theactivities and functions of the Office Internationald'Hygiène Publique would be transferred beforethe end of the year. The relatively large sumearmarked for contingencies ($41,184 out of atotal of $200,000) is justified by the lack ofinformation át this stage about office andoperational expenses. Pending the decision asto the payment of expenses of Commission andCommittee members in connexion with themeetings (document WHO.IC/W. i, Annex28a), it was necessary to provide in these revisedestimates, under " 1. Meetings and Field Sur-veys ", $25,000 for the travelling expenses and

WHOJC/W.20.23 October 1946:

allowances to members of the Commission forthe second session.

In connexion with " 2. Grant for Aid toStandardization Laboratories ", it was anti-cipated that an advance on 1947 expenses mighthave to be authorized before the end of thisyear.

Although the recruitment and selection ofpersonnel have been much slower than expectedup to this date, it is hoped that a number ofappointments will be made during October.Further, decision as to the site of the Commis-sion will permit local recruitment for certaincategories of personnel. This was foreseen in theestimated increase during December in theitem, " Interim Commission Secretariat, NewYork ", from $15,000 in November to $25,000in December.

The salaries allowances, etc., inwith the Office International d'Hygihne Publiquewere estimated at $10,000. The increase duringDecember under " Office and OperationalExpenses " is envisaged mainly for the pur-chase of books and equipment before the endof the year.

Total expenditures and liabilities during1946, according to the estimate (see AppendixA), will not exceed $225,000. Out of a total of$300,000 allocated by the United Nations foroperations of the Interim Commission, $5o,000were allotted on 12 August and $5o,000 on 22October. A further requested transfer of$125,000 to the Interim Commission duringNovember has been made. This amount, it isbelieved, will cover the requirements for thecurrent year.

An account for the Interim Commission of theWorld Health Organization has been opened atthe Lloyds and National Provincial ForeignBank, Ltd., in Geneva, to allow for disburse-ments in connexion .with liabilities of theCommission in Switzerland.

ANNEX 30 - 150 -

Appendix A.

BUDGET ESTIMATES AND EXPENDITURES, 1946

I. Meetings and Field Surveys. . . .

II. Grant for Aid to StandardizationLaboratories

Estimates25July to

32 December(as originallysubmitted to

United Nations)

$65,500

Expendituresand accruedliabilities

to /9 October

$

-

Revisedestimates

20 October to32 December

$

40,000

5,000

III. Staff Salaries and Allowances . 113,335 14,285.83 53,600

IV. Staff Travel, Insurance and Re-moval Expenses 20,000 4,268.50 12,000

V. Staff Provident Fund 6,800 378.17 3,216

VI. Office and Operational Expenses 50,000 1,658.88 45,000

VII. Contingencies 44,365 41,184

Total $300,000 $20,591.38 $200,000

Appendix B.

RIWISED EXPENDITURE ESTIMATES 20 OCTOBER TO 31 DECEMBER 1946

zo October to30 November December Total

I. Meetings and Field Surveys 30,000 10,000 40,000Interim Commission, Second Session 2 25,000Meetings of Committees 5,000 10,000

II. Grant /or Aid to Standardization Laboratories 3 . 5,000 5,000

III. Stall Salaries and Allowances 21,600 32,000 53,600J.C. Secretariat, New York 15,000 25,000

Health Section, Geneva /,600 2,000

Office International d'Hygiène Publique, Paris 5,000 5,000

IV. Stall Travel, Insurance and Removal Expenses 5,000 7,000 12,000

V. Stall Provident Fund (6% of salaries) 1,296 I,920 3,216

VI. Office and Operational Expenses 19,000 26,000 45,000

(Rent, fuel, electricity, water, repair and main-tenance, furniture and equipment, stationery andoffice supplies, telephone, telegraph, cable, postage,library, local transportation, etc.) 15,000 20,000

Publications (including Office International d'HygiènePublique and League of Nations publications) . . 4,000 4,000

Transportation, International Conventions Records . 2,000

VII. Contingencies 23,104 18,080 41,184

Total $ 1 oo,000 $ioo,000 $200,000

I Originally document WHOIC/AF/W.1.2 Including advance for travel and subsistence expenses of members of the Commission, pending decision as to payment.

Advance for 1947.

- 151 - ANNEX 30, 31 a

Appendix C.

ANALYSIS OF DISBURSEMENTS - 12 AUGUST TO 19 OCTOBER 1946

Deposited at the Chemical National Bank 12 August 1946Staff salaries net - 12/VIII/1946 to

19/X/1946 6,299.28Staff per diem - 12/VIII/1946 to 19/X/

50,000.00

1946 1,802.00Representation allowances - 12/VIII/

1946 to 19/X/1946 1,528.78Travel 1,243.50Rent 12/VIII/I946 to 31/X/1946 . 1,023.42Telephone and telegraph 280.53Miscellaneous expenses 354.93Consultants' fees 1,402.69

Total disbursements 13,935.13Balance in Bank 19/X/I946 36,064.87

50,000.00

Accrued Liabilities.Provident Fund - Employees' contributions 378.17Provident Fund - WHO portion 378.17Salaries of U.N. employees on loan to WHO 2,874.91Travel and transportation - Paid for by U.N. 3,025.00

6,656.25Total accrued liabilities

Annex 31. WHO.IC/AF/i.14 October [946.

REPORTS OF THE COMMITTEE ON ADMINISTRATION AND FINANCE

a. REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE ON ADMINISTRATION AND FINANCE ON ITS FIRST SESSION

INTRODUCTION

The Interim Commission, at its first sessionin New York, established a Committee onAdministration and Finance consisting of ninemembers of the Commission, as follows :

CanadaChinaFranceMexicoNetherlands

Ukrainian S.S.R.United KingdomUnited States of Ame-

ricaYugoslavia

The Committee held its first meeting in NewYork on 24 July 1946. The following werepresent :

Dr. SI! u ChinaDr. LECLAINCIIE FranceDr. VAN DEN BERG NetherlandsDr. MACKENZIE . . United KingdomDr. HYDE United States of Ame-

ricaDr. STAMPAR . . YugoslaviaDr. CHISHOLM. . . Executive SecretaryDr. BIRAUD, . . . Secretary, Internation-

al Health Confer-ence.

Dr. SANDBERG, Representative on the InterimCommission from Norway, also attended themeeting.

Dr. VAN DEN BERG was únanimously electedChairman.

I. CONSIDERATION AND APPROVAL OF BUDGET

The Executive Secretary presented a preli-minary survey of the tasks before the InterimCommission, including (1) a tentative schemeof organization of its technical and administra-tive services and (2) provisional budgetaryestimates for the remainder of 1946 and for theyear 1947. The Executive Secretary calledattention to the impossibility of drafting a firmbudget at this stage and therefore suggested thatthe Committee should allow him considerablelatitude in making necessary adjustmentspending the organization of the Commission'swork. The premises on which the provisionalestimates had been based had already changedappreciably as a result of decisions taken bythe Commission affecting the size of certain Of itscommittees,

ANNEX 31 a - 152 -

The Committee, acting under the authoritydelegated by the Interim Commission at itsfirst session, modified a number of items in theprovisional budgetary estimates and then adopt-ed the amended expenditure budget, on theunderstanding :

A. That it would not exceed $300,000 for1946 and $1,000,000 for 1947 ;

B. That the Executive Secretary mightauthorize transfers of funds from itemto item within Chapters and draw uponthe sums allocated to contingencies asneeded ; and

That the Executive Secretary wouldsubmit to the Interim Commission at itsnext session a detailed statement of thebudgetary position at that time, includ-ing a report on expenditure to date.

For the amended budget, see Appendix r.

(Note by Executive Secretary : The estimatesapproved by the Committee subsequently hadto be reduced slightly in certain particulars inorder to bring the sums earmarked for Contin-gencies into proper relationship^ with the totalamounts allocated for the two budgetaryperiods.)

The amendments made in the provisionalbudget, as presented by the Executive Secretary,are indicated below.

Chapter I. Meetings and Field Surveys.

2. Committee on Administration and Fi-nance : deletion of $1o,000 for a meetingin 1946 and increase from $2,000 to$3,500 for each of four, subsequentmeetings (dovetailing with sessions ofthe Interim Commission).

4. Expert Committee on EpidemiologicalIntelligence and Quarantine : decreaseof item for autumn 1946 meeting from$15,000 to $6,000 ; allocation of $12,000for meeting during 1947 ; allocation of$10,000 for six weeks' work of Conven-tion Sub-Committee in r947, and $8,000for three meetings of Quarantine Sub-Committee in 1947.

6. Relations Committee and NegotiatingGroups ; allocation of an additional$5,000 for the expenses of the group tonegotiate with the Pan American Sani-tary Bureau in the autumn, 1946.

Other Committees of Experts : allocationunaltered but descriptive details to beomitted from budget.

Chapter II. Grant for Aid to StandardizationLaboratories.

Allocation of $20,000 for this purpose tobe inserted in estimates for 1947.

Chapter III. Stag Salaries and Allowances.

3. Division of Administration : allocationsfor posts of " Chief of Health Legis-lation " and of " Editor of TechnicalHealth Abstracts " to be transferredfrom 5. Research Division, to 3. Divisionof Administration.

4. Division of Epidemiological Intelligence,Quarantine, and Public Health Statistics :elimination of the post of AssistantDirector.

5. Research Division insertion of alloca-tions of $3,000 (1946) and of $143,000(1947) for the salary of an ExpertConsultant.

6. Field Service Division : elimination ofallocations for " Director of Field Ser-vices " and for " Two Assistant Directorsin charge of Field Personnel ", and sub-stitution of the following : " TechnicalStaff, inoluding secretariat of Committeeon Health Problems of DevastatedAreas ", $5,000 for 1946 and $20,000 for1947.

It was understood that either the ExecutiveSecretary or Dr. Biraud would arrange to beavailable for the explanation of thebudget tothe Finance Committee of the General Assemblyof the United Nations.

II. FINANCIAL AND STAFF REGULATIONS

It was agreed that the Executive Secretaryshould provisionally apply the financial andstaff regulations of the United Nations then ineffect and that he should submit to the Com-mission at its next session draft financial andstaff regulations for its approval.

III. SALARY AND ALLOWANCES OF THEEXECUTIVE SECRETARY

It was voted that the Executive Secretaryshould be paid an annual tax-free salary of$13,500, together with a hospitality allowanceof $5,000, and that any other allowances towhich he might be entitled should conform tothose granted by the United Nations to officialsof comparable rank.

IV. PAYMENT OF EXPENSES OF COMMISSIONAND COMMITTEE MEMBERS

Decision as to whether Governments or theInterim Commission should defray the travellingexpenses (including per diem subsistence allow-ances) of members of the Commission and itscommittees, as well as of experts serving ontechnical committees, in attendance at meetings,was postponed until the second session of theInterim Commission. It was understood,however, that the expenses of members attend-

- 153 - ANNEX 31 a

ing the November session in Europe would bemet by Governments and that, in the event thatit should subsequently be decided to meet theseexpenses out of Commission funds, Govern-ments would be reimbursed.

The Executive Secretary was instructed tostudy the regulations of the Economic andSocial Council and other specialized agencies inthis regard and to submit proposals relativeto the payment of travelling expenses and allow-ances, based substantially on prevailing prac-tice, to the Interim Commission at its secondsession.

V. APPRO VAL OF STAFF APPO I NTMEN TS

A. The Committee voted that all staff ap-pointments at the rate of $5,000 per annum orover should be approved by simple majorityvote of the Committee, in accordance with thefollowing procedure :

. By decision taken in a meeting of theCommittee, provided that a meetingwere scheduled sufficiently soon ;

2. Otherwise, by telegraphic replies to anair-mail letter to be sent to Committeemembers by the Executive Secretary ; or

3. In urgent cases, by telegraphic replies tothe Executive Secretary's telegraphicrequest for permission to make an im-mediate appointment.

Whenever possible, the Executive Secretaryshould submit to members of the Committee astatement of the qualifications of the recom-mended candidate in relation to the existinggeographical distribution of Commission staff.

B. The Committee concurred in the opinionof the Executive Secretary that, with a view tosecuring as wide a geographic distribution aspossible of highly qualified personnel, he shouldpursue a conservative policy in respect of initialappointments to the Interim Commission staff.In this connexion, the qualifications and availa-bility of a number of staff officials of the OfficeInternational d'HygUne Publique, the League ofNations Health Section and the UNRRA HealthDivision were considered by the Committee.Authorization was given for the appointment, ifand as available, of the persons listed in Ap-pendix 2 1 of this document. In addition, theCommittee approved in principle the employ-ment of a qualified legal exyert to assist in thework of revising international sanitary con-ventions. It was the sense of the Committeethat the Executive Secretary should be free tomake such adjustments in the titles and dutiesof the foregoing appointees as he consideredadvisable.

"(The document containing this list was restricted, and hence is uotprinted here, -

VI. DESIGNATION OF COMMITTEES

It was agreed that all internal committeesconsisting exclusively of members of the InterimCommission should be called " committees ofthe Commission " and that committees con-sisting wholly or partially of technical expertsdrawn from outside the membership of theCommission should be designated as " expertcommittees ".

VII. TECHNICAL AND ADMINISTRATIVESERVICES OF THE COMMISSION

In connexion with the tentative plan oforganization of the technical and administra-tive §ervices of the Commission, as proposed bythe Executive Secretary, the Committee took thefollowing decisions :

A. The full title of the proposed Epidemio-logical Division should be the " Division ofEpidemiological Intelligence, Quarantine,and Public Health Statistics ".

B. The proposed Research Division should,during the life of the Interim Commission, per-form work of an essentially preparatorycharacter--`-i.e., the drafting of recommenda-tions for submission to the World HealthAssembly. This Division should also providenecessary secretarial facilities for the follow-ing expert committees, when set up :

I. Nomenclature of the Causes of Deathand Morbidity ;

2. Pharmacopceia ;

3. Biological Standardization.

It was suggested that the Research Divisionmight eventually have to be divided into twodivisions, each with its own director : onedealing especially with social medicine andmedical care and the other with mentalhygiene.

C. The two positions of Chief of HealthLegislation and of Editor of Technical HealthAbstracts should be placed in the Divisionof Administration and linked with thelibrarian.

D. The proposed Field Service Divisionshould be prepared to provide necessarysecretariat for the Committee on HealthProblems of Devastated Areas.

E. The Committee noted a statement fromDr. Mani urging that immediate arrangementsbe made for the collection and disseminationof epidemiological information in the FarEast, especially from China and the Nether-lands East Indies. It was the view of theCommittee that such arrangements might beworked out in connexion with the re-openingof the Far Eastern Bureau at Singapore-

ANNEX 31 a - 154 -

action involving the continuation of theLeague's activities in the epidemiologicalfield in the Far East. This Bureau would,however, be merely a collecting and dissemin-ating centre, and in no sense a RegionalOffice of the World Health Organization.

VIII. PENSION LIABILITIES OF THE OFFICEINTERNATIONAL D'HYGIÈNE PUBLIQUE

While the Committee agreed that, upon thedissolution of the Office, the Interim Commissionwould be morally obligated to continue thepayment of pensions due to retired members ofthe Office staff, the view that the pension statusof present staff members might .have to berevised " in the interest of economy " receivedconsiderable support.

Upon assurance by Dr. Biraud that funds wereavailable, or would shortly be available, in theOffice treasury to cover pension obligations forthe Office staff, the majority of the Committeefelt that the Interim Commission might safelytake over the liabilities as well as the assetsof the Office. It was, however, suggested thatfor purposes of budgetary record a nominal summight properly be inserted in the Commission'sbudget to cover the activities of the Officewhen assumed by the Commission.

IX. ASSUMPTION OF HEALTH ACTIVITIESOF UNRRA

Two divergent points of view emerged fromthe discussion of the extent to which the Com-mission should prepare to take over the UNRRAhealth programme. Several members of theCommittee strongly supported the decision of

the International Health Conference that onlythe epidemiological work of UNRRA should beassumed by the Commission. Other members,however, stressed the importance of not allow-ing certain other phases of UNRRA's healthactivities to lapse-e.g., the scholarship pro-gramme and the malaria and tuberculosis workin Greece-although if the Commission wereto continue such activities, there should beassurance that sufficient UNRRA funds wereavailable to finance them. The ExecutiveSecretary pointed out that this question mightbe regarded as falling within the provisions ofparagraph 2(m) of the Arrangement, whichempowered the Commission to consider anyurgent health problems brought to its noticeby Governments or other organizations.

The Executive Secretary was instructed toexplore the financial position of UNRRA inreference to the possible assumption by theCommission of all or part of UNRRA's healthactivities (other than its epidemiological work)and to report on the matter, with recommend-ations, at the next session of the InterimCommission.

X. FUTURE MEETINGS OF THE COMMITTEE

It was decided that the next meeting of theCommittee should be held during the secondsession of the Interim Commission in Novemberand that subsequent meetings should take placeconcurrently with ,sessions of the Commission

Appendix 1.

Approved 19 October 1946,

(Signed) C. VAN DEN BERG

Chairman.

REVISED BUDGET ESTIMATES

(as approved by Committee on Administration and Finance and subsequentlyadjusted as to contingencies by the Executive Secretary).

Chapter I. - Meetings and Field Surveys.

r. Interim Commission:November 1946February 1947June 1947October 1947

2. Committee on Administration and Finance(9 members) :

November 1946 (dovetailing with InterimCommission)

February 1947 (dovetailing with InterimCommission)

June 1947 (dovetailing with WorldHealth Assembly)

October 1947 (dovetailing with ExecutiveBond of WI10)

25 July- ,31 December 1946

25,000

3,500

Year1947

25,00025,00025,000

3,500

3,500

3,500

- 155 - ANNEX 31 a

25 July-3i December x946

Year1947

3. First Session of World Health Assembly. :June 1947 (4 weeks) 140,000

4. Committee on Epidemiology and Quarantine(xi members plus 3 consultants) :

Autumn 1946 (dovetailing with InterimCommission) 6,000

Meeting of Committee during 1947 . . 12,000

Meeting of Convention Sub-Committee(6 experts for 6 weeks) 10,000

Meetings of Quarantine Committee(5 experts - 3 meetings)

5. Expert Committee on NoMenclature of Causesof Death and Morbidity : z meetings . . . .

8,000

32,000

Sub-Committee on Morbidity Nomencla-ture (5 persons) 7,500

Sub-Committee on Selection of JointCauses (5 persons) 7,500

6. Relations Committee (9 members) and Nego-tiating Groups :(a) Relations Committee, autumn 1946. .

(b) Caracas Conference, January 1947 (Pan5,000

American Sanitary Bureau)

(c) Relations Committee, June 1947 (dove-tailing with Interim Commission). . . .

4,000

2,000

7. Expert Committee on Health Problems ofDevastated Areas.(a) European Field Survey for two months

(io members)(b) 3 expert groups on health problems of

devastated areas

12,000

12,000

8. Participation of Health Experts in Meetingsof Other Organizations 4,000 6, 000

9. Other Committees of Experts I 0,000 18,000

Total for Meetings and Field Surveys 65,500 344,500

Chapter II. - Grants for Aid to Standardization Labo-ratories 20,000

Chapter III. - Stag Salaries and Allowances.

1. Executive Secretary 7,710 18,500

2. Deputy Executive Secretary 5,625 13,5003 Executive Assistants (I in 1946, 3 in

1947) 3,000 18,000

3. Division of Administration :Director 4,500 10,000Chief Accountant 3,500 6,000Personnel Officer 2,000 5,000Registrar 2,000 4,000Librarian 2,000 5,000Assistant Librarian 1,500 3,000Chief, Health Legislation 2,500 6,000Editor, Technical Health Abstracts. 2,500 6, 000Bibliographical Assistants 1,500 3,000Chief of Internal Services 1,500 3,500Information Officer 2,500 6, 000Draftsman 2,000 3,500

ANNEX 31 a, b - 156 -

4. Division of Epidemiological Intelligence, Qua-rantine and Public Health Statistics :

DirectorChief of Quarantine ServiceChief of Notification ServiceEditor of Weekly Epidemiological RecordI o Statisticians2 branch offices (staff)

5. Research Division :

25 July-31 December 1946

4,5003,0002,5002,0008,0006,000

Year1947

10,0007,0006,0004,000

30,00040,000

Director 8,000Expert Consultant 3,000 10,0005 Technical Experts 8,000 35,000

6. Field Service Division 5,000 20,000

(Technical staff, including secretariat ofthe Committee on Health Problemsof Devastated Areas.)

7. Part-time Consultants (Legal, administratis e,etc.) 2,000 4,500

8. Secretarial, Clerical and Custodial Personnel . 25,000 70,000

Total-Stag Salaries and Allowances 113,335 355,500

Chapter IV. - Stag Travel, Insurance and RemovalExpenses 20,000 8o,000

Chapter V. - Stag Provident Fund (6% of salaries). .

Chapter VI. - Office and Operational Expenses . . . .

(Rent, fuel, electricity, repairs andmaintenance, furniture and equipment,stationery and office supplies, telephone,telegraph, cable, postage, library, localtransportation, etc.).

Chapter VII. - Contingencies

Grand total

6,800 21,330

50,000 85,000

44,355 93,670

300,000 1,000,000

WHO.IC/AF/2.12 November 1946.

b. REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE ON ADMINISTRATION AND FINANCE ON ITS SECOND SESSION

i. The Committee held three meetings, on6, 7 and 9 November. The following officerswere elected :

Vice-Chairmen : Dr. CAVAILLON (France).Dr. MEDVED (Ukrainian

SSR).

Rapporteur : Dr. SZE (China).

A Drafting Committee composed of the Rap-porteur, Dr. HYDE (U.S.A.) and Dr. MANI(India) was appointed.

2. The Report of the meeting of the Commit-tee on Administration and Finance held inNew York on 24 July 1946 (document WHO.IC/AF/i, Annex 31a), was considered by theCommittee and approved.

3. A report on the financial situation pre-sented by the Secretariat (document WHO.IC/W.2o, Annex 30a), was noted.

4. The Committee recommended to theInterim Commission a 'resolution on the pay-ment of expenses of Commission and Committeemembers in connexion with meetings (docu-ment WHO.IC/AF/W.3, Annex 28b). (Thisresolution was rhconsidered and adopted by theInterim Commission on 8 November 1946.)

5. The Committee considered the draft pro-visional financial regulations prepared by theSecretariat (document WHO.IC/W.9, Annex29a). A number of amendments were made bythe Committee, and these are reflected in the

- 157 - ANNEX 31 b, c

draft financial regulations (document WHO.IC/AF/3, Annex 29c), which the Committee nowpresents to the Commission for its approval.

6. The Committee considered the questionof provisional staff regulations, and it submitsto the Interim Commission for its approval adraft resolution (document WHO.IC/AF/W.4,Annex 14) on the subject.

7. The Committee, in considering the draftprovisional financial regulations, felt the necessityof having definite terms of reference. It hadbeen given authority at the first session of theCommission to act for the Commission, underRules 30-34 (inclusive) of the Rules of Procedure,until the present session. It will, therefore,now be necessary for the Interim Commissionto decide on definite terms of reference for theCommittee. The Committee recommends theadoption by the Commission of the followingresolution :

" The Committee on Administration andFinance shall have the following terms ofreference :

lf

1. To consider administrative and financialmatters and make recommendations tothe Interim Commission thereon.-

2. To exercise the functions delegated to itunder such financial and staff regulationsas may be approved by the Commission."

8. Draft Financial Regulations submitted bythe Committee (document WHO.IC/AF/3, An-nex 29c) were prepared on the presumptionthat the Committee would have its own Rulesof Procedure. In order to enable the Committeeto adopt its own Rules of Procedure, it isrecommended that the Interim Commissionamend the Rules of Procedure of the Commissionby the addition of a new Rule (documentWHO.IC/AF/W.5, Annex 27).

Effective as from the adoption of this amend-ment, the Committee has instructed the Secre-tariat to prepare draft Rules of Procedure forthe Committee on Administration and Financefor its consideration. .

9. At its first session, the Interim Commis-sion, under the general authorization conferredon the Committee on Administration and Fi-nance referred to in paragraph 7 of this report,directed that the Committee should specificallyapprove the appointment to the staff of indi-viduals whose salaries were at the rate of 5,000dollars per annum or higher (document WHO.IC/Min/i). As this general authorization liadlapsed, the Committee considered whetherit was necessary that it should continue toapprove these appointments. After due con-sideration, the Committee decided to recommendthe adoption of the following resolution :

" The Interim Commission directs that theExecutive Secretary, in appointing technicaland administrative staff whose salary is atthe rate of $8,000 per annum or higher,shall secure the approval of the Presidentof the Interim Commission or of the Chairmanof the Committee on Administration andFinance if it is inconvenient to consult thePresident of the Interim Commission."

1o. Certain further action by the InterimCommission-e.g., the determination of thecurrency in which the budget and accounts ofthe Commission shall be compiled-will benecessary after the adoption of the draft finan-cial regulations. With a view to preparing draftrecommendations on such action, it is proposedthat the Committee on Administration andFinance hold its next meeting one or two daysprior to the opening of the third session of theInterim Commission.

1. The Rapporteur wishes to acknowledgehis indebtedness ' to his colleagues on theDrafting Sub-Committee and to Mr. Brain,Mr. Goudsmit and Mr. Vallat, who assisted inthe work of the Drafting Sub-Committee.

I Substitute, for this paragraph :" The Interim Commission directs that the Executive Secretary, in

appointing technical and administrative staff whose salary is at the rateof $8,000 per annum or higher, shall secure the approval of the Chairmanof the Interim Commission."

This Report was approved by the Commission with the modificationnoted above (see page 31).

WHOJC/AF/4.12 November 1946.

C. SUPPLEMENTARY REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE ON ADMINISTRATION AND FINANCE

1. With a view to allotting chapter headings,the Committee considered the provisional bud-get allocation of $1,500,000 for the continuationof UNRRA health functions, which was made bythe Interim Commission on ii November.After considering a proposal that only a portionof this sum should at first be allotted, thebalance being reserved for future allocation, theCommittee decided to propose the followingprovisional budget, in view of the necessity forthe Secretariat to provide further informationafter a survey of the actual conditions. This

budget is based on a proportionate, approximate-ly 30% reduction of the original budget of$2, 78,750 set out in the Report to the InterimCommission by the UNRRA-WHO-United Na-tions Negotiating Committee (document WHO/IC/W.13, Annex 22a). It was recognized,however, that it would not be desirable to reducethe administrative expenses to as great anextent as the operational expenses. Thisprovisional budget will be subject to review andamendment from time to time in accordancewith the financial regulations.

ANNEXES 31 C, 32 a

Chapter

. Fellowships and teaching . . .

2. Project in Ethiopia3. Tuberculosis - consultations

and assistance4. Malaria - consultations and

assistance5. Missions of experts to countries

with special needs6. Administration of above func-

tions (6% of $1,500,000) .

Total of Budget

- 158 -

135,900

118,900

135,900

135,900

883,400

90,000

1,500,000

2. In accordance with Regulation V(C) of theFinancial Regulations, the Committee recom-mends that the Commission appoint a commit-tee of three persons which shall be authorizedto adopt, subject to review and approval by the

Commission, an itemized budget within thechapters established above. The Committeeon Administration and Finance proposes to theCommission that this Committee be composedof the representatives from Canada, China andthe United States of America.

3. To finance each new Committee establishedby the current session, it was recognized that itwould be necessary for the Commission toapprove specific expenditure estimates ; andthe Committee requested the Executive Secre-tary to prepare such estimates for theconsideration of the Commission before itsadj ournment.

1Add: "The Commission, however, decided that the Committee wouldconsist of five members - the representatives from Canada, China,the Ukraine, United States of America, and Yugoslavia-under theChairmanship of the Chairman of the Committee on Administration andFinance-and that the Executive Secretary should be authorized toincur expenditure up to an amount not exceeding 8500,000."

This report was adopted in principle by the Interim Commission withthe addition noted above (see page 32).


APPOINTMENT OF EXPERT MEMBERS OF TECHNICAL COMMITTEES

a. APPOINTMENT OF TECHNICAL COMMITTEES


I. PRINCIPLES AND PROCEDURE

The bulk of the work in the internationalhealth field cannot and should not be the taskof an international health secretariat. Thefunction of the latter, apart from carrying outcertain specific tasks, such as the collection anddissemination of epidemiological intelligenceor information, is essentially to co-ordinate thework done by specialized institutes and scientiststhroughout the world.

Such collaboration among the most compe-tent workers in all fields which require interna-tional action, conducted under the authorityof the World Health Organization, will ob-viously result in far more efficient work thanthat which the most expert and active secre-tariat could possibly accomplish. But it isnecessary that this authority exercise soundjudgment in the selection of subjects for thisinternational action and of the men who are toparticipate in or to conduct it. This selection,which involves not only a knowledge of thehealth techniques concerned but of the men,of their scientific attainments and their abilityto work as an international team, will probablybe the most delicate and important task beforethe Interim Commission and, later, the Execu-tive Board. Normally, these bodies will beassisted in this task by the Secretariat, whichwill prepare lists of.experts on the subjects to be

dealt with ; but the final responsibility will never-theless lie with the Commission and the Board.

It is only in exceptional circumstances thatthe selection of international experts should beleft to Governments. A technical committeemust be made up of a small number of real ex-perts, and since certain countries may have oneor two first-class experts in a particular subject,while others have none, it is possible that, ifeach Government nominated one of its nationals,the Committee would be encumbered by theparticipation of incompetent individuals andwould suffer from the absence of talented ones.

Members of an international technical com-mittee should, as a rule, work in the interests ofpublic health in general and of the WHO, with-out having to be preoccupied by the necessity ofbeing of particular or at least immediate benefitto their own countries. This objectivity wouldhardly be possible if they represented thesecountries and had to report to their Govern-ments. When the Interim Commission createsa committee on any one subject, it is entitled toexpect loyalty from that committee ; a com-mittee may expect the same loyalty from itssub-committees.

If members of the technical committees setup by the WHO are the best available experts ina particular field, they will probably be wel-comed in all countries in which their committeesmay be called upon to work ; this, because of

- 159 - ANNEX 32 a

political differences, might not be the case ifthey represented their individual countries. Afurther reason that experts should be nominatedby the Interim Commission or Executive Boardis the necessity for continuity in the work of thecommittees, especially if such work involvesresearch. Experts appointed by the Govern-ment of a country would run the risk of beingdismissed and replaced if the political situationin that country were to change.

The Interim Commission and later the Exe-cutive Board should also appoint the membersof the sub-committees that may be created bytechnical committees. The best method ofeffecting this would be for the committees tonominate experts for appointment by the Com-mission, thus ensuring proper co-operation be-tween the sub-committees and the cOmmitteessetting them up.

The Interim Commission and the ExecutiveBoard will also have to appoint members ofjoint committees and sub-committees, to meetwith other specialized agencies. Preliminaryconsultations between the secretariats of theagencies concerned and, in case of differences,between members of the negotiating committeesof the two agencies would be very desirable, inorder to ensure the proper composition of jointcommittees and sub-committees both from thetechnical and from the geographical (national)point of view.

II. APPOINTMENT OF SPECIFIC COMMITTEES

The Interim Commission at its first sessiondecided to set up three internal Committees :

Committee on Administration and Finance-made up of the representatives from :

Canad aChinaFranceMexicoNetherlands

Ulirainian S.S.R.United KingdomUnited States of

AmericaYugoslavia

Committee on Epidemiology and Quarantine-made up of the representatives from :

BrazilChinaEgyptFranceIndiaLiberiaPeru

Union of SocialistSoviet Republics

United KingdomUnited States of

AmericaYugoslavia

Committee on Relations-made up of the re-presentatives from :

Australia Union of SocialistBrazil Soviet RepublicsEgypt United States ofMexico AmericaNetherlands VenezuelaNorway

Such internal Committees included onlymembers of the Interim Commission itself, thatis to say, the representatives from countriesrepresented on the Commission.

With regard to technical (external) commit-tees, however, experts, not representatives ofcountries, should be appointed ; there would beno justification for appointing only nationals ofthe countries represented on the Interim Com-mission. In fact, it would be very desirable forsuch not to be the case, lest the Commissionbe accused of making appointments of a politicaland not a technical nature-i.e. " of sharing thespoils ".

On 12 September, before the Secretariat hadreceived official notice of the nomination ofGovernmental representatives to the second ses-sion of the Interim Commission, the Govern-ments of the eleven countries represented on theCommittee on Epidemiology and Quarantinewere requested to make nominations for mem-bers of that Committee. At the time that thisnote is being written, no specific designationhas yet been received from any Government,and therefore the members of the Conimissionrepresenting these eleven countries may nowconsider themselves the authorized membersof this Committee ; they will thus be in aposition to make suggestions regarding expertsto be appointed to the technical (external) Com-mittee on Epidemiological Intelligence, on theone hand, and the Committee on Quarantineon the other. In the July budget estimates,provision was made for five experts for each ofthese expert Committees.

It has been suggested that Dr. George Stuartbe transferred from the European Regional

Commission, be made secretary of the Qua-rantine Committee and also be responsible forthe control of the Quarantine Measures andNotification Service under the existing Inter-national Sanitary Conventions.

In conformity with the decision to form anExpert Committee on Nomenclature of Causesof Death and Morbidity, to prepare the SixthDecennial Revision of the International Lists,the Secretariat has been in contact with theChairman and the Secretary of the UnitedStates Committee entrusted with the specialpreparatory work on a morbidity nomenclaturecode and on the selection of joint causes ofdeath, Professor Reed and Dr. Dunn. The workof the American Committee will probably beready for the consideration of the InternationalNomenclature Committee by March 1947. ThisCommittee might meet in Washington inSeptember 1947, as suggested by Dr. Dunn.At that time a number of statistical and medico-statistical meetings will be held in that city, inconjunction with the revival of the Internation-al Institute of Statistics, and this timing wouldensure a satisfactory participation of the ex-perts in the Committee, with the least loss oftime for them.

The Secretariat has approached Dr. PercyStocks, with a view to his making suggestionsas to experts suitable for appointment to the

ANNEx 32 a; b - 160 -

International Nomenclature Committee andalso to taking the lead in its work on behalf ofthe WHO. Dr. Stocks is an expert in both theGeneral Register Office and the Ministry ofHealth in London ; he participated not onlyin the studies on medical nomenclature spon-sored by the Medical Research Council of GreatBritain, but in the work of the United StatesCommittee. Dr. Marie Cakrtova, a medicalstatistician, has been appointed to help in thework.

As for the decision of the Interim Commissionto form a committee to deal with health indevastated areas, it wis at first felt that sucha committee should consist of representativesof the health administrations of the devastatedcountries themselves, who would visit thesecountries together and obtain first-hand know-ledge of reconstruction methods which might beof value to their own countries. The groupwould, of course, be accompanied by a member

of the Secretariat. It was also felt that theCommittee might later wish to ask the Organiz-ation for technical help, in the form of smalltechnical study groups to deal with the problemswhich might be revealed during the visit.

The Chairman of the Interim Commission,however, recently suggested that the visit ofsuch a travelling committee might raise diffi-culties in some of the devastated countries andthat it might be preferable for it merely tocollect official information from the countriesconcerned. The matter is open for considerationby the Commission.

The Chairman also suggested the earlycreation of a Committee on Medical Education,the primary object of which would be to attemptto bring the medical curricula and the spirit ofmedical teaching into closer harmony with thepresent trend of curative and preventivemedicine. The Commission should decide asto the urgency of this question.


b. RESOLUTION REGARDING THE APPOINTMENT OF EXPERT MEMBERS OF TECHNICAL COMMITTEESAND SUB-COMMITTEES I

(submitted by the ad hoc Drafting Committee).

5. The members of Technical Committeess hall be appointed jointly by the Chairman ofthe Interim Commission and the ExecutiveS ecretary.

2. The Executive Secretary shall take thenecessary steps to obtain the names of suitableexperts for such appointments, inviting for thepurpose, in so far as practicable, the suggestionsof members of the Interim Commission andof national Health Administrations.

3. In the case of members of Technical Sub-Committees, nominations may also be made bythe members of the parent committee, throughits ChairMan. Appointments will be madejointly by the Chairman of the Interim Com-mission and the Executive Secretary.

4. When a nuclear Committee has beenformed, its members may, through its Chairman,

1 This resolution was adopted by the Interim Commission, with thedeletion of the phrase in brackets in paragraph 6 (see page 22).

submit to the Executive Secretary names offurther experts for their appointment by theChairman of the Interim Commission and theExecutive Secretary, acting jointly.

5. In the case of a Sub-Committee, suchnames shall be submitted to the ExecutiveSecretary through the Chairman of the parentCommittee.

6. In the selection of members of ExpertCommittees and Sub-Committees, the paramountconsideration shall be their technical proficiencyand experience, consideration being also givento their being drawn from as wide a geographicalbasis as possible [to ensure representations ofvarious schools of thought and experience].

7 . In order to ensure proper co-operationbetween Sub-Committees and their parentCommittee, the Chairman of the latter shallbe an ex officio member of these Sub-Committees.He shall be empowered to delegate this exofficio membership to any one member of theparent Committee, acting as his alternate.

- 161 - ANNEXES 33, 34, a,


NARCOTIC DRUGS

RESOLUTION CONCERNING THE CREATION OF AN EXPERT COMMITTEE ON NARCOTIC DRUGS 1

(submitted by the Representative from China).

The Representative of China has the honourto propose the following Resolution :

RESOLVED :" That an Expert Committee on Narcotic

I This resolution was adopted by the Interim Commission (see page25).

Drugs, composed of five persons technicallyqualified in the pharmacological and clinicalaspects of drug addiction, be appointed toadvise the Interim Commission on any tech-nical question concerning this subject whichmay be referred to it."


REVISION OF INTERNATIONAL LISTS OF CAUSES OF DEATH AND MORBIDITY

a. RESOLUTION ON THE APPOINTMENT OF A COMMITTEE ON MEDICAL NOMENCLATURE "

(proposed by the Representatives frprn the United States, United Kingdom, Venezuela and Norway).

The Interim Commission authorizes theChairman and Executive Secretary to appointa Technical Committee, not to exceed ninepersons, on the Revision of the International

This resolution was adopted by the Interim Commission (see pages1920,- 22).

Lists of Causes of Death, to carry on the pre-paratory work for the Sixth Decennial Revisionof the International Lists of Causes of Death,including recommendations to the Commissionconcerning actions which it might appropriatelytake to effect this revision.

WHO.IC/W.45.xx November 1946.

b. RESOLUTION REGARDING THE ESTABLISHMENT OF INTERNATIONAL LISTS

OF MORBIDITY

(proposed by the Representative from the United Kingdom).

WHEREAS paragraph 2(k) of the Arrangementestablishing the Interim Commission providesthat, in addition to undertaking the worknecessary in connexion with the Sixth De-cennial Revision of the International Lists ofCauses of Death, the Interim Commission is toreview existing machinery and undertake suchpreparatory work as may be necessary inconnexion with the establishment of Inter-national Lists of Causes of Morbidity ;

WHEREAS by a resolution adopted on 9November 1946 (document WHO.IC/W.36,Annex 34a) the Interim Commission authorizedthe Chairman and Executive Secretary toappoint a Technical Committee to carry out the

This resolution was approved by the Interim Commission (see page36).

OF CAUSES

preparatory work for the Sixth DecennialRevision of the International Lists of Causes ofDeath, including recommendations to the Com-mission concerning actions which it miglitappropriately take to effect the revision ;

WHEREAS it is noted that this resolution of9 November makes no provision regarding theestablishment of International Lists of Causesof Morbidity ;

IT IS HEREBY RESOLVED THAT the TechnicalCommittee to be appointed in accordance withthe above-mentioned Resolution shall alsoreview existing machinery and continue suchpreparatory work as is necessary to effect theestablishment of International Lists of Causesof Morbidity.

ANNEX 35 a, b - 162

Annex 35.

SANITARY CONVENTIONS

WHO.IC/W.37.o November 1946.

a. DRAFT RESOLUTION ON THE REVISION OF SANITARY CONVENTIONS 1(proposed by the Representative from the United States of America).

A. The Interim Commission directs the Exe-cutive Secretary to place upon the agenda ofthe third session of the Interim Commissionthe item " Revision of Sanitary Conventions "and requests that, as documentation for thisitem, he present to the third session preliminarystudies designed to show : (r) the principlesunderlying the sanitary measures essential tothe international control of disease underpresent world health and transportation con-ditions ; and (2) the legal mechanism by whichregulations adopted by the World HealthAssembly might be effectively employed toreplace the convention process as the means forestablishing international sanitary controls.

I This document was considered by the Committee on Epidemiologyand Quarantine (see Report of the Committee on Epidemiology andQuarantine, Annex 39).

B. As part of the preliminary studies referredto above, the Interim Commission directs theExecutive Secretary to request of each Govern-ment signatory to the Constitution of the WHO :

(1) A statement concerning the practicaluse to which it puts the epidemiologicalinformation which it receives from interna-tional health agencies (a) by wireless, (b) bycable, (c) by mail - weekly, monthly andannually ;

(2) A statement concerning the form inwhich such information would be mostuseful to it, and

(3) Recommendations concerning themanner in which a unified epidemiologicalinformation service might be of greatestpractical assistance to it in protecting itselfagainst the incursion of disease.


b. EXPLANATORY NOTE WITH REGARD TO THE PROPOSED AMENDMENTS TO THE

HEALTH CONVENTION OF 1938 IN THE MATTER OF PILGRIMAGE(submitted by Dr. M. Khalil Bey, Egyptian Delegate to the Permanent Committee of the

Office International d'Hygihne Pablique, on 26 April 1946).

In the light of recent discoveries concerningmethods of defence against epidemic diseasessusceptible of dissemination by pilgrims proceed-ing to Mecca, the Egyptian Government con-siders that a revision of the section of the 1938Convention dealing with pilgrims is necessary.

The principal object of the 1938 Convention wasto protect Europe and the rest of the world againstthe epidemics which might break out among thepilgrims on the return journey. The EgyptianGovernment considers that from the humanita-rian point of view the pilgrims and the Hejazought to be protected against cholera, yellowfever and epidemic typhus-all of them di-seases which are not endemic in the Hejaz butwhich may be introduced there by pilgrimscoming from other countries.

The pilgrims are subjected to unnecessaryharshness on the return journey by compulsoryquarantine measures in El Tor involving aninterruption of the journey, being placed underobservation for three days, etc. For more thantwenty years, no epidemic of cholera or plaguehas broken out among the pilgrims.

The Egyptian Government desires not merelyto maintain the quarantine measures at a highlevel but to improve them further in the lightof recent discoveries. Reasonable facilitiesmust, however, be afforded to the pilgrims,provided that these facilities do not lower thedesired degree of security.

It is proposed that the personnel whichcontrol the quarantine measures at El Torshould carry out their work in Jedda. Thequarantine station in El Tor should only beused in the event of an outbreak, or a suspectedoutbreak, of cholera, plague or yellow fever.During each pilgrimage season the quarantinestation at El Tor would be kept in such a statethat it could function immediately if the neces-sity should arise.

PAN-ARAB REGIONAL HEALTH BUREAU

The Council of the Arab National League hasadopted the Regional Bureau at Alexandriaas the Pan-Arab Regional Health Bureau. ThisBureau will exchange epidemiological and healthinformation with the corresponding institutionsthroughout the-world. The Bureau may author-ize the accession of other neighbouring countriesif it considers that its aims would be furtheredby so doing, and provided that the Council ofthe League approves of such accession.

PROPOSED AMENDMENTS TO THEINTERNATIONAL HEALTH CONVENTION OF 1926

RELATING TO THE SECTION DEALING WITHPILGRIMAGES

Article 92. - Paragraphs 2 and 3 to bedeleted. The following text to be added :

" r. Pilgrimage candidates coming from dis-tricts in which cases of cholera have beenreported during the preceding six months shallnot be authorized to proceed to the Holy Landunless they have been placed under observationin the port of departure for five days and nosymptom . of cholera has developed. In themeantime the bacteriological examination ofthe stools will have shown that they are notcarriers.

" Pilgrimage candidates coming from dis-tricts where cholera is known to exist in anendemic state must have their stools subjectedto bacteriological examination and shall onlybe authorized to leave or to continue theirjourney if their stools are recognized to benegative from the point of view of the cholerabacillus.

" 2. Pilgrimage candidates coming from dis-tricts where yellow fever exists in an endemicstate must be vaccinated against yellow feverwith an internationally accepted vaccine notlater than ten days before their arrival in theHej az.

" 3. All pilgrimage candidates must be vaccin-ated against epidemic typhus."

Article 128. - EXanthematic typhus andyellow fever to be added to cholera and small-pox (in the case of persons coming from endemicdistricts).

Article 1'35. - If cholera, yellow fever orplague are discovered in the Hejaz during thepilgrimage period, vessels must proceed directlYfrom Jedda to El Tor (the remainder of theArticle to remain unchanged). The final dis-position referring to Articles 140-142 to bereplaced by Articles 140 and 141.

Article 136. - To be deleted.

Article 137. - To be added : " In the eventof a disease necessitating quarantine measureshaving broken out in the Hejaz."

Article 139. - " May undergo, etc .

Article 142. - To be replaced by :" If no case of plague, cholera or yellow fever

has been discovered in the Hejaz during the pil-grimage period, the following precautionarymeasures shall be adopted at Jedda :

" 1. Each pilgrim shall be placed underobservation at Jedda for a maximum periodof five days before he embarks ;

" 2. The Health Authorities may require thepilgrims to take a shower or to bathe in thesea and to have their under-garments or any

suspected articles forming part of theirequipment or luggage disinfecte&"

Article 143. - To be deleted.

Articles 146 and 147. - To be replaced by :" On all vessels coming from the Hejaz

(during the pilgrimage season) all passengers,whatever their condition, whether they arepilgrims or not, and whether they are Moslemsor not, must be treated as if they were pilgrims."

Section 7. - Epidemiological Informationrelating to Pilgrims.

Article. . . " On behalf of the Arab NationalLeague, the Pan-Arab Regional Health Bureaushall control all quarantine measures relating topilgrims continuing their journey to the northafter accomplishing their pilgrimage.

" The Bureau shall declare Article 142 to beapplicable or non-applicable, and shall notifythe International Health Bureau in Parisaccordingly."

Article. . . "Each year during the pil-grimage season the Government of SaudiArabia shall employ specialists in bacteriologYand in quarantine measures delegated by thePan-Arab Regional Health Bureau of the ArabNational League. The Government of SaudiArabia shall send a copy of each report which itdraws up to the Bureau at Alexandria.

" The Director-General of Public Health ofthe Government of Saudi Arabia shall inviteall the heads of the Medical Missions accompany-ing the various pilgrims of the Arab countriesto be present at the meeting which it will holdannually at Mecca seven days after the ceremonyof the Arafat. When the reports submitted byeach of them have been examined, and if thereis no reason to suspect the existence of anydisease necessitating quarantine measures, thepilgrimage shall be declared ' clean If anysuspicion exists, the Director-General of PublicHealth of the Government of Saudi 'Arabiashall submit the question to the experts men-tioned in the preceding Article, and theirdecision in the matter shall be final."

Article. . . " Aircraft shall be dealt withon the same basis as pilgrim ships. The timespent on the journey shall be taken into ac-count."

Article. . . " The Government of SaudiArabia shall have the right -to ask for a re-examination of this Convention when thatappears to be necessary."

ANNEXES 36, 37 a - 1 64 -

Annex 36. WHO.IC/W.49.xx November 1946.

DRAFT RESOLUTION ON BIOLOGICAL STANDARDIZATION

(submitted by the Secretariat).

The Interim Commission requests its Chair-man and its Executive Secretary to appoint asmall body of experts, whose number is not toexceed eight, to form the nucleus of the futureCommittee on Biological Standardization.

These experts will define the subjects whichappear to be the most urgent for study, and

will draw up a plan of work covering the setting .

up of international standards and units in thefields selected 1.

1 Add to the end of this sentence : " to be submitted to the InterimCommission for approval."

This resolution was adopted by the Interim Commission with theaddition noted above (see page 26).

Annex 37.

MALARIA AND OTHER TROPICAL DISEASES


a. PROPOSAL FOR THE SETTING-UP OF A MALARIA COMMITTEE I

(submitted by the Representative from Venezuela).

DRAFT CONSTITUTION

L Objective.

The objective of the World Health Or-ganization Malaria Committee (hereinafter calledthe Committee) is to further the achievementof the aims of the World Health Organizationin the field of malaria.

II. Functions.

2. The functions of the Committee shall be :

(a) To act as the co-ordination and informa-tion centre in international relationships ofnational anti-malaria services and of govern-mental or non-governmental organisms interes-ted in teaching and research concerning thisdisease ;

(b) To furnish, upon request, appropriatetechnical assistance to the national anti-malariaservices for their organization or development ;

(c) To study epidemiological and statisticaldata pertaining to malaria received by the WorldHealth Organization, and distribute them to thedifferent agencies interested ;

(cl) To promote co-operation between scien-tific and professional groups devoted to researchin and the teaching and control of malaria, and

1 This proposal was considered by the Committee on Epidemiologyand Quarantine (see Report of the Committee on Epidemiology andQuarantine, Annex 39).

to help them, in some cases, with the objectiveof increasing and improving available knowledgeof this disease and methods of fighting it ;

(e) To furnish information to the differentorganisms or individuals interested inand to promote the distribution of such infor-mation among them ;

(t) To collect information on the methods ofpopular anti-malaria education used by Mem-bers of the Wbrld Health Organization and todistribute these data among them ;

(g) To collect the laws and regulations dealingwith malaria and related subjects adopted bythe Members of the World Health Organizationand to circulate them to these Members ;

(h) To standardize malariological nomen-clature and the epidemiological procedures andmethods applied in malariometry and anophe-linometry ;

(i) To consider the recommendations made onmalaria by the Assembly, the Board or theDirector-General, and to carry out any activitieson their instructions ;

(j) To submit annually to the Board and theDirector-General, for consideration and ap-proval, a report on activities, and a generalprogramme of work for the following year ;

(k) To inform the Board of any measurewhich in the opinion of the Committee should beadopted as an international regulation inconnection with malaria, or any other question

- 165 - ANNEX 37 a'

pertaining to this disease that may be includedin the agenda of meetings of the Assembly ;

(1) To study the section devoted to malariain the reports by States Members submittedeach year to the World Health Organization.

III. Organization.

3. The Committee shall consist of ninepersons, devoted to research in and/or controlof malaria, appointed by the Board for threeyears, who may be re-appointed ; after the firstappointment the terms of three of these personsshall be one year and the terms of three othersuch persons shall be two years, as determinedby lot.

4. The Committee shall have a Secretary-General appointed by the Director-General, whomay delegate to him his own functions ofex officio secretary of the Committee, accordingto Article 32 of the Constitution of the WorldHealth Organization.

5. The Secretary-General shall among hisduties :

(a) Prepare the provisional agenda for eachmeeting in consultation with the Chairman ofthe Committee ;

(b) Convene the sessions of the Committeeand give the members reasonable notice thereof ;

(c) Exercise the representation of the Com-mittee when it is adjourned, as well as otherpowers that may be delegated to him by thatbody.

6. The Secretary-General shall be considereda member of the Secretariat, and as such, thecondition of his service shall conform with thoseestablished for similar personnel.

7. The Committee shall meet at least once ayear and shall submit the decision as to placeand date of each meeting to the Director-General for his approval.

8. The Committee shall elect its Chairmanand Vice-chairman from among its membersand shall adopt its rules of procedure.

9. The expenses of the members shall be paidby the World Health Organization.

o. The Committee may, with the approvalof the Director-General, call meetings of theChairmen of the Regional Commissions andSub-Committees mentioned below.

IV. Regional Commissions.

r. There shall be Regional Malaria Commis-sions (hereinafter called the Regional Commis-sions) as part of each Regional Organization ofthe WHO ; these commissions shall consist offive persons, working in the territory of theregion in research in and/or control of malaria.

12. The members of the Commissions shallbe appointed by the Regional Director for threeyears, and may be re-appointed ; after the firstappointment the terms of two of these membersshall be one year, and the terms of two othersuch members shall be two years, as determinedby lot.

13. The Regional Commissions shall meet atleast once a year at the place of meeting of theRegional Committee of the WHO.

14. The expenses of the members shall be paidfrom funds of the Regional Committee of theWHO.

15. The Regional Commissions shall electtheir chairmen from among their members andshall adopt their own rules of procedure.

16. The Regional Commissions shall have ascorresponding members the directors of thenational anti-malaria services of the countriesforming the region.

17. The Regional Commissions shall have asassociate members outstanding specialists indifferent fields of malaria, who shall work insub-committees.

18. The expenses of the corresponding mem-bers will be met by their respective Govern-ments, and those of the associate membersfrom the funds of the Regional Committee ofthe WHO.

V, Sub-Committees.

19. Each Regional Commission shall haveSub-Committees of experts in order to performits duties with the highest efficiency ; none ofthese sub-committees shall have more than fivemembers.

20. The Sub-Committees could each coverone of the following fields : (a) anti-malariaorganization, (b) statistics and epidemiology,(c) parasitology, (d) entomology, (e) medicalresearch, (f) education, and (g) engineering.

21. The Sub-Committees shall elect chairmenand shall follow the rules of procedure of theCommissions.

22. The Sub-Committees shall meet withthe Commissions whenever such meeting isapproved by the Regional Director.

VI. Records.

23. Summary minutes of the proceedings ofeach session of the Committee, the RegionalCommission and the Sub-Committees shall betaken and, after being approved by these res-pective bodies, shall constitute the officialrecords of such meetings.

24. The Regional Commissions shall collecttheir own records and those of the Sub-Com-mittees, and send them to the Committee.

25. The Committee shall each year publish,by mimeograph or otherwise, the official recordsof the meetings mentioned above.

'ANNExEs '37*a, b, c: 38 - 166

VII. International Organisms.

26. The functions of the Malaria Commissionof the League of Nations Health Organization,whose outstanding work has received world-wide recognition, shall be taken over andcontinued by the Committee.

27. The Committee shall support the Inter-national Malaria Courses which were developedby the League of Nations Health Organizationand shall increase the work in this field.

28. The Committee shall take over the func-

tions of the League of Nations Health Organiz-Ation regarding the Darling Foundation.

29. The Pan American Malaria Commissionshall become the Regional Commission for theWestern Hemisphere as soon as the PanAmerican Sanitary Organization is integratedinto the World Health Organization.

30. The Committee shall give all support tothe Permanent Committee of the InternationalMalaria Congresses, in order to help in the meet-ings of said organism, as a means of increasinginternational co-operation in the field of malaria.


b. DRAFT RESOLUTION REGARDING THE SETTING-UP OF A MALARIA COMMITTEE I

(proposed by the Representative from Venezuela).

RES 0 LVE D :

r. That the Interim Commission authorize itsChairman and Executive Secretary, to call threeoutstanding malariologists to advise the InterimCommission regarding the work on malariawhich it will receive from UNRRA ;

2. That these three advisers be constituted asa Technical Preparatory Committee on Malaria

1 This resolution was considered by the Committee on Epidemiologyand Quarantine (see Report of the Committee on Epidemiology andQuarantine, Annex 39).

of the Interim Commission, to study the proposalpresented in document WHO.IC/W.27, Annex37a, and that they report on this point to thenext session of the Interim Commission withsuggestions regarding candidates for the Mala-ria Committee proposed ;

3. That with this advice the Interim Com-mission make recommendations on this subjectto the First Health Assembly.

WHO.IC/W.4o.ro November 1946.

C. DRAFT RESOLUTION ON THE CREATION OF AN INSTITUTE ON TROPICAL DISEASES I

(submitted' by the Representative from Liberia).

RESOLVED : that a committee of five tech-nical experts be appointed to study not only

1 This resolution was examined by the Committee on Epidemiologyand Quarantine, which decided to postpone consideration of this subject(see Report of the Committee on Epidemiology and Quarantine, Annex30."

malaria but other tropical diseases as well, andin the end to recommend to the First WorldHealth Assembly the establishment of a TropicalDisease Institute.

Annex 38. WHO.IC/W.38.ro November 1946.

YELLOW FEVER

DRAFT RESOLUTION ON THE APPOINTMENT OF A COMMITTEE ON YELLOW FEVER

(proposed by the Representative from the United States of America).

The Interim Commission autborizes theChairman and Executive Secretary to appoint,as the need may arise, a Technical Committee

1 This resolution was considered by the Committee on Epidemiologyand Quarantine and incorporated into its report (see Annex 39), whichwas adopted by the Commission.

on Yellow Fever, of not to exceed seven persons,whose duties shall be to carry out, on behalf ofthe Commission, the special functions in regardto yellow fever assigned to UNRRA by theSanitary Conventions of 1944.

- 167 'ANNEX 39

Annex 39. WHO.IC/E.Q/f.13 November 1946.

FIRST REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE OR EPIDEMIOLOGY ANDQUARANTINE I

The Committee was composed of the followingmembers :

Chairman :Dr. Melville MACKENZIE (United Kingdom),

Vice-Chairman :Dr. MANI (India),Dr. DE PAULA SOUZA (Brazil),

Dr. SZE (China),

Dr. CHOUCHA Pacha (Egypt),Dr. LECLAINCHE (France),

Dr. TOGBA (Liberia),

Dr. KROTKOV (U.S.S.R.),

Dr. Dotru, (U.S.A.),DT. STAMPAR (Yugoslavia).

The Committee met on 12 and 13 November.After the election of Dr. MACKENZIE as

Chairman and Dr. MANI as Vice-Chairman, theCommittee proceeded, to the consideration ofthe Agenda (see Appendix).

The Committee's recommendations under thevarious items were as follows :

(1) The Committee on Epidemiology andQuarantine decided that a Commission onQuarantine should be established, to consist ofexperts in the application of quarantine pro-cedure from the following countries : Brazil,China, Egypt, Prance, India, the Netherlands,the United Kingdom, the Union of SovietSocialist Republics, and the United States ofAmerica. The terms of reference of this Com-mission would be to deal with problems arisingout of the application of the existing SanitaryConventions, including work regarding yellowfever under the 1944 Sanitary Conventions.The Quarantine Commission would require aSub-Committee of Experts in Yellow Fever,not exceeding seven in number. The QuarantineCommission should meet twice a year, preferablyat times when the Interim Commission was insession.

(2) The Committee on Epidemiology andQuarantine agreed unanimously that the exist-ing Sanitary Conventions called for revisionand that a Commission for this work shouldbe set up, preferably at the next session of theInterim Commission. In the meantime, theSecretariat should be invited to collect informa-tion regarding the most modern ideas of qua-rantine control, especially changes in legal formin the character of quarantine agreements.Pending a meeting of the Revision Commission,it was decided to appoint under this Commis-

1This report was adopted by the Interim Commission (see pages35-33).

sion a Sub-Committee of six members (Egypt,France, India, the Netherlands, Saudi Arabiaand the United Kingdom). to consider therevision of the pilgrimage clauses of the SanitaryConventions. At the invitation of Dr. CHOUCHAPacha, it was suggested that the first meeting ofthis Sub-Committee be held in Egypt.

(3) With regard to the delimitation of theregional areas for epidemiological intelligence,it was decided to request the Secretariat toprepare a note for consideration of the Commit-tee at its next session.

(4) The question of the desirability of the useof wireless in connexion with the disseminationof epidemiological information was deferreduntil the next meeting of the Committee.

(5) In order to determine the actual value ofthe existing methods of collecting and dissemin-ating epidemiological information, the Com-mittee requests the Secretariat to ask signatoryGovernments for the following information :

(a) A statement concerning the practicaluse to which it puts the epidemiologicalinformation which it receives from inter-national health agencies (i) by wireless,(ii) by cable, (iii) by mail-weekly,monthly and annually ;

(b) A statement concerning the form inwhich such information' would be mostuseful to it ; andRecommendations concerning the mannerin which a unified epidemiological infor-mation service might be of greatest prac-tical assistance to it in protecting itselfagainst the incursion of disease.

(c)

(6) The Committee noted that the followingtechnical questions would be referred by theOffice International d'Hygihne Publique to theInterim Commission :

(a) The continuation of studies on postvaccinal encephalitis, and

(b) Studies on the value of immunity reac-tion in smallpox vaccination.

(7) The Committee also considered the follow-ing documents :

(a) Proposal for a Tropical Diseases Insti-tute (document WHOJC/W.4o, Annex37c).

It was decided to postpone consideration ofthis subject.

(b) Proposal for a Technical PreparatoryCommittee on Malaria (documents WHO.IC/W.27 and WHO.IC/W.43, Annex 37aand b.

ANNEX, 39 168 --

After discussing the advisability of establish-ing this Committee on Malaria and of under-taking any work outside of statutory obligations,the Committee agreed unanimously that theproblem of malaria was sufficiently tirgent andimportant to warrant immediate action. It wastherefore decided to appoint a Sub-Committeeof five experts to study and advise on thisimportant problem. It was felt that this Sub-Committee should meet just before the thirdsession of the Interim Commission and preparea note for consideration by the Committee. Itwas anticipated that subsequently it would benecessary for this Sub-Committee to continuecertain investigations and, in due course, tosubmit a report.

(e) Proposals for a technical committee onthe study of public health services invarious countries and for investigationswith regard to the available resourcesfor the training of medical and otherstaff essential for public health services *(documents WHO.IC/W.46 and WHO.IC/W.48, Annex 4oa and b).

It was agreed to recommend the inclusion ofthis item on the Agenda for the First WorldHealth Assembly and to request the Secretariat,in the meantime, to prepare a note giving thehistorical outline of the work done in this fieldup to the present time and incorporating pro-posals for its continuation and development.

(d) Proposal for the inclusion in the Agendafor the Third Session the item " Inter-national Programmes in combating Vene-real Diseases " (document WHOJC/W.47,Annex 41). It was agreed to recommendthat this item be placed on the Agendafor the First Meeting of the WorldHealth Assembly, and, in the mean-time, to request the Chairman of theCommission to appoint an outside ex-pert in venereal diseases to prepare anote on questions relating to venerealdiseases calling for urgent considerationby the Committee.

Notes : (1) It was agreed by the Committeethat, in the case of all future committees orsub-committees set up under the Committeeon Epidemiology and Quarantine, a detailedagenda should be carefully prepared by theSecretariat, prior to any meetings being held.

(2) Dr. Sze, as a member both of the Com-mittee on Administration and Finance andthe Committee on Epidemiology and Qua-rantine, was requested to explain the bud-getary implications of the above recommend-ations to the next meeting of the formerCommittee.

Appendix.

AGENDA FOR THE COMMITTEE

ON EPIDEMIOLOGY AND QUARANTINE

(suggested by the Secretariat).

r. Election of a Chairman and a Vice-Chair-man.

2. Quarantine :

(a) Application of International SanitaryConventions ;

(b) Delimitation of yellow-fever areas ;

(e) Approval of yellow-fever vaccine stan-dards ;

(d) Approval of laboratories for the testing ofactivity of yellow-fever vaccine ;

(e) Approval of laboratories for diagnosisof yellow fever ;Establishment of a Standing Committeeon Quarantine.

(t)

3. Revision and consolidations of existingInternational Sanitary Conventions.

(a) Special consideration to be given to theConventions relating to the Mecca Pil-grimages ;

(b) Setting-up of an Expert Committee on theRevision of International Sanitary Con-ventions with a Sub-Committee on Pil-grimages.

4. Technical aspects of collection and distri-bution of epidemiological intelligence.

(a) Delimitation of the regional areas forepidemiological intelligence ;

(b) Wireless broadcast of epidemiologicalinformation ;

(e)

(d) Setting-up of an Expert Committee onEpidemiological Intelligence.

Collection of epidemiological information ;

5. Technical questions referred to by theOffice International d'HygMne Publique.

(a) Post-vaccinal encephalitis ;(b) Immunity reaction in vaccination against

smallpox.

6. Proposals for the setting-up of TechnicalCommittees :

(r) Tropical Diseases Institute (documentWHOJC/W.4o, Annex 37e) (proposedby Liberia) (5 members) ;

(2) Technical Preparatory Committee onMalaria (documents WHOJC/W.27 andWHOJC/W.43, Annex 37a and b) (pro-posed by Venezuela) (3 members) ;Technical Committee on the Study ofPublic Health Services (document WHO.IC/W.46, Annex 4oa) (proposed by Braziland Norway) (maximum 5 members) ;

(3)

- 169 ANNEXES 39, 40 a, b, 41

(4) Committee on Training of Staff (docu-ment WHO.IC/W.48, Annex 40b) (pro-posed by France and Brazil) (3 members) ;

(5) International Programmes in combatingVenereal Diseases (document WHO.IC/W.47, Annex 41).

7. Miscellaneous.

Annex 40. WHO.IC/W.46.r November 1946.

PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICES AND TRAINING OF STAFF

a. DRAFT RESOLUTION REGARDING THE STUDY OF PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICES(proposed by the Representatives from Brazil and Norway).

The Interim Commission authorizes the Chair-man and the Executive Secretary to appoint aTechnical Committee, of not to exceed five


persons, to make a preliminary comparativestudy on the organization, size and strength ofthe Central Pliblic Health Services in variouscountries and to report to the third session ofthe Interim Commission.

WHO.IC/W.48-r November 1946.

b. DRAFT RESOLUTION CONCERNING THE TRAINING OF STAFF(proposed by the Representatives from Brazil and France).

The' Interim Commission, being convincedthat, for the execution of public health pro-grammes, having competent staff in all domains

This resolution was considered by the Committee on Epidemiologyand Quarantine (see Report of the Committee on Epidemiology andQuarantine, Annex 39).

of health work is of capital importance, author-izes the Chairman and the Executive Secretaryto appoint a Committee of three members to

and make investigationsas to the resources now available in the variouscountries for the training of the medical andother staff essential for public health services.

Annex 41. WHO.IC/W.47.II November 1946.

DRAFT RESOLUTION REGARDING THE COMBATING OF VENEREAL DISEASES(proposed by the Representatives from Brazil, France and Norway)..

The Interim Commission directs the ExecutiveSecretary to place the item : " InternationalProgrammes in combating Venereal Diseases "


upon the agenda of the third session of theInterim Commission ; and

Authorizes its Chairman and Executive Sec-retary to take appropriate steps-if necessaryincluding the appointment of a relevant com-mittee-to present preliminary studies on thesubject to the third session.

ANNEXrEs 42) 43 --'470

Annex 42. WHO.IC/W.5o.ix November 1946.

RESOLUTION REGARDING THE DEFINITION OF GEOGRAPHICAL AREAS(proposed by the Representatives from China and the United Kingdom).

The Interim Commission directs the ExecutiveSecretary to prepare documents so that the Com-mission may embark immediately at its thirdsession on " studies regarding the definition ofgeographical areas, with a view to the eventual

This resolution was adopted by the Interim Commission (see page35).

establishment of regional organizations, as con-templated in Chapter XI of the Constitution, dueconsideration being given to the views of theGovernments concerned ", in accordance withparagraph 2 (b) iii of the Arrangement establish-ing the Interim Commission.

Annex 43. WHO.IC/W.55.29 January 1947-

PUBLICATIONS PROGRAMME OF THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION(submitted by the Secretariat).

In drawing up a publications programme forthe interim period of activity of the WHO, thefollowing principles should be observed :

(r) The publications should correspondwith the immediate needs of the Organiz-ation ;

(2) They should fulfil the statutory obli-gations, particularly those taken over fromexisting institutions ;

(3) The issue of still-born publicationsshould be avoided-i.e. publications whichthe WHO, when finally established, mightnot consider it necessary to continue and thedisappearance of which would create aregrettable lack of continuity in the workof the new Organization.The publications programme suggested below

has been drawn up in the light of these prin-ciples.

1. The obligation to supply public healthadministrations with up-to-date epidemiologicalinformation-an obligation inherited from theOffice International d'Hygidne Publique andfrom UNRRA, as regards the application of theConventions of 1926, 1933, 1938 and I944--necessitates the continued publication of aWeekly Epidemiological Record. This Recordwould be a successor to the weekly epidemio-logical publications of the League of Natiorisand of the Office and to the semi-monthlypublications of UNRRA, and would be distri-buted to the public health administrations andinstitutions which formerly received these ottterperiodicals.The Record would be bilingual (Frenchand English) and contain : (I) on the first page,information concerning " pestilential " diseases,including those notifiable under the terms of thevarious Conventions ; (2) notes as to the generalhealth situation and the recent evoludon of the

more important epidemics ; (3) figures withregard to non-pestilential infectious diseases ;and (4) from time to time, certain vital statistics.

2. In the intervals between the issue of onenumber of the Record and the issue of the next,multigraphed Notifications might be publishedand sent to the national health administrations.

3. Public health administrations are entitledto be informed as to the activities of the WorldHealth Organization : first, of the Interim Com-mission and, subsequently, of the other organs.It would therefore be desirable to issue a printedpublication relating to the discussions anddecisions of these directing bodies, with annex6scontaining the official documents which formedthe subject of discussion : reports by theExecutive Secretary (later by the Director-General), memoranda drawn up by the Secre-tariat or by experts, and official communicationsfrom Governments or external institutions.This periodical should therefore contain thecorrected texts of the documents and minutesof the sessions of the Interim Commissionand later of the Assembly and the ExecutiveBoard of the WHO. These Official Records ofthe World Health Organization should be drawnup separately in French and English and dis-tributed to public health administrations, theGovernments of the States Members of theOrganization, the Economic and Social Council,the Assembly of the United Nations, etc.They would constitute a permanent sourceof reference, as did, in the past, the minutesof the Permanent Committee of the OfficeInternational d'Hygigne Publique and of theHealth Committee of the League of Nations.

4. A Bulletin of the World Health Organizationshould be issued as a successor to theBulletin of the Office International d'HygidnePublique and the Bulletin of the Health Organiz-

ation of the League of Nations, containingreports of the conferences, the technical com-mittees and sub-committees convened by theWHO, together with a selection of the papers ofgeneral interest submitted by experts to theseconferences or committees. It would alsocontain the communications of a technicalcharacter which the representatives of nationalpublic health administrations might make to theWorld Health Assembly, as they did formerlyto the Permanent Committee of the Office.The WHO Bulletin would thus constitute aforum and an organ for the exchange of infor-rnation and ideas between public health adminis-trations. In view of its technical character, theBulletin could be widely circulated both in me-dical and in health circles.

A French and an English edition should bepublished in the first instance, and eventuallya Spanish edition. When the WHO has beendefinitely established, the Bulletin will probablybe published once a month, but it is not neces-sary to mention this in its title. Supplementingthe ordinary sewn and bound editions, off-prints might be published, making up seriescovering special subjects (infectious diseases,tuberculosis, venereal diseases, child welfare,etc.).

5. The Bulletin of the Office Internationald'Hygigne Publigue contained a chapter dealingwith public health legislation, which was ofthe greatest value to administrations. Theinformation provided therein should continueto be published in the form of a quarterlyInternational Digest of Health Legislation. Thematerial in the Digest should be publishedboth in a quarterly bound edition and asindependent articles, permitting classificationaccording to subjects and the subsequentfurnishing of specialized information. Thiswas the system adopted by the InternationalLabour Office for its compilation of labourlegislation. A French and English editionshould at first be published and eventually aSpanish edition.

6. The information supplied by the WHOBulletin and the Official Records with regard tothe work of the Organization will not reachpublic health administrations and the medicalpublic until a certain period has elapsed. It isof importance that the persons concerned, andin particular the members of the variousorgans of the WHO, should be kept informed asto the work upon which the Organization isengaged-not only as to past but as to presentactivities and future meetings-and it istherefore desirable that a monthly Chronicleof the World Health Organization should bepublished. Such a publication, although not ofan official character, would be of great practicalutility and publicity value. Its contentsmight be widely reproduced in the medicalPress.

7. It is desirable to anticipate and makepreparations for the publication of an Interna-tional Health Year-Book, although its issue willno doubt have to be deferred until the WHOhas been definitely established. This would be a

continuation of the former Year-Book publishedby the League of Nations, which was in greatdemand ; and each year it would providea short, up-to-date description of the publichealth organization of each country, withdetails as to changes of policy and developmentof existing organs, figures concerning hospitals,beds available in institutions, doctors, dis-pensaries for various diseases, etc., as well ascertain selected vital statistics. Informationwould be given about changes in public healthlegislation and texts published in the Inter-national Digest of Health Legislation and in localofficial publications.

A Year-Book of this kind would rendergreat service to persons responsible for publichealth administration in the various countriesand to institutes providing instruction inmedical and public health administration.Provision should be made in this case also forthe issue of French, English and Spanish edi-tions. The information required for the purposeof this publication would be essential for thework of a committee dealing with publichealth administration.

8. Finally, provision should be made forthe issue of Annual Public Health Statisticscontaining the revised figures of cases of infec-tious diseases recorded and published in aprovisional form in the _Weekly EpidemiologicalRecord, tables of the main causes of death incountries possessing reliable statistics, andfigures of births, infantile mortality, etc.This publication would be a successor to theAnnual Epidemiological Report, issued up to theoutbreak of the war by the League of Nations-a report which, by reason of the final characterof the figures which it contained, is used as awork of reference in libraries and schools ofhygiene. As its publication would be essentiallystatistical, it would be issued in a single editionwith bilingual headings.

It is only when the Organization has beendefinitely established that steps should be takento issue other publications, such as a MaritimeHealth Directory ; international technical ma-nuals, such as a Handbook of the InternationalLists of Causes of Death and Diseases ; andcollections of documents relating to conferencesof a very specialized kind, such as the RabiesConference-such documents possibly beingtoo specialized in character for inclusion in theBulletin.

Pending the execution of the above pro-gramme, measures should be taken to completethe publication of the Bulletin of the League ofNations Health Organization, the penultimatenumber of which has just been issued (VolumeXII, No. 3), and the last of which is in process ofissue (Volume XII, No. 4), and to publish thelast two 1946 numbers of the Bulletin of theOffice International d'Hygiéne Publigue, con-taining the communications made at the lasttwo sessions of the Permanent Committee, and

ANNEXES 43, 44 - 172 -

the Final Index. As these periodicals are to beissued under the auspices of the World HealthOrganization, this fact should be indicated ina note printed on the cover. Subscribers, and in

particular, librarians, will thus be informed thatthe Bulletin of the World Health Organizationis to be the continuation of these Bulletins.

Annex 44. WHO.IC/W.5I.12 November 1946.

DRAFT RESOLUTION ON THE APPOINTMENT OF NUCLEAR EXPERTCOMMITTEES 1

(submitted by the Chairman of the Interim Commission).

The Interim Commission authorizes its Chair-man and Executive Secretary to appoint nuclearexpert committees which will study urgent

This resolution was withdrawn.

public health problems and make recommenda-tions to the Interim Commission or to itsCommittees. The expenses for such appoint-ments should not exceed the budgetary appro-priation for this purpose.

Acceptance of Funds

Accounts and Audit

Administration and Finance, Committee

INDEX

pages

39, 44, 144, 146

146, 148

Plans for work of, duringMembership ofList of members ofMinutes of meetings ofReport of, on first sessionVice-Chairmen ofDrafting Committee ofAgenda for third sessionDate for third session ofRegulations forTime of meetings ofOfficers ofReports of, on second session

Adoption of

onsession . 12

1238, 151, 156

39-5039, 41, 151-156

40404444

145

of

143,154

151, 156156-158

Administrative Services 55, 75, 121, 133, 153-154See Finances, Staff, , Publications, Agree-

ment with UN

Admission of Members in WHO 122

A gendafor second session

as draft 70Modifications to 7

as revised 70-7IAdoption of

to be prepared for committeesitems, to be proposed to UN

A greementwith Swiss Federal Council 8, 81-87

Letter from Swiss Federal Councilconcerning 88

Draft master, with United NationsSee United Nations

Administrative, with United Nations . . . 76-77Adoption of 51-52, 58

Subsidiary, with UN 75with specialized agencies 56between UNESCO and French Govern-

ment . 86-87

Allowancesfor staff

See also

733, 44

53, 118, 125,128, 131

Payment of Members41

Appointment of Technical Committees 17, 18-22

Biological StandardizationReport on 15-x6Committee on 16, 164

Appointment of 26Setting-up of budget for 33Financing of 48-49

Bonding of Employees

Budgetfor committees . . . . . . 22for UNRRA funds 31, 45-46, 48-49Sub-Committee for preparation of 16, 46, 48-49Increase in, for financing of committees 32-33Supervision of, by UN 42for 1947, plans for preparation of 34, 49-50

Proposals for approval of 43, 46Report on, by Executive Secretary. . . 72Preparation, submission and examination

ofNote on expenditure

connexion with 149-150Consideration of, first session . . . 151-152Revised estimates of, first session . . 154-156

Budgetary Arrangements with UN 55, 121, 123,126-127, 130, 133-134

Bulletin of the WHOProposed publication of

31

143-144, 145estimates, in

34

ChairmanVoting status ofof Committee on Relations, election ofof Committee on Epidemiology and

Quarantine, election of

ChronicleProposed publication of

Civil Service CommissionSuggestion for

Page

18-1951

6o

34

23

CommitteesInternal, composition of 8Technical, appointment of 17

Resolution on . . . . ....... 17General dismission on 19-22Appointment of expert members to 22Financing of 46-49Reimbursement of

See Payment of MembersCo-ordination of meetings ofDesignation of 153

See also : Administration and Finance,Biological Standardization, Epi-demiology and Quarantine, Head-quarters, Malaria, MedicalEducation, Narcotic Drugs,Office, Pan American SanitaryOrganization, Relations, Revisionof International Lists, TropicalDiseases, UNRRA, VenerealDiseases.

34

ConsultantsReimbursement of

See Payment of Members

Currency

Custody of Funds

Date of Next Session

44, 143, 145

146, 148

35

Definition of Geographical AreasAdoption of resolution on 35

Devastated Areas, Health inProposal for Committee on 20Appointment of Sub-Committee for

resolution on 20Unexpended allocation for 48-49

Distribution of Documents 35

Economic and Social CouncilAction of, with regard to research . . 26, 59Co-operation with 52

Entry into Forceof Agreement with UN 56, 122, 134 ,

of Financial Regulations 146, 148

Epidemiologicalintelligence

Collection and distribution of . .

Delineation of regional areas for .

Bulletin, see BulletinRecord, proposed publication of .

Epidemiology and Quarantine, Committee onCredits for financing' of Committees of

6565, 67

34

33, 39,46-49

List of members of 60Minutes of meetings of 60-67Report of 66

Adoption of 32-33

Exchange of Information and Documentswith the United Nations 53, 119, 125, 128, 132

Executive SecretaryReport of

Discussion ofAction taken on

Salary and allowances of

Expenditure EstimatesSee Budget

Expenditure of Funds . . . .

See Payment of Members

Expenses of MembersSee Payment of Members

Expert Committees ( Nuclear )Resolution on appointment of

43, 44,

Pages

71-76

8-98-9152

144, 145

1716o

General discussion of 19-22Members of 22Financing of

Expertsas advisers to Secretariat, suggestion ofFinancial, employment of

46-49

3543

FAOCo-operation with, in rural hygiene 25, 56, 72,

91-93Joint committees with 25, 56, 91

45

Adoption of principle of 31

Fellowships

Fidelity Guarantee of Officials

Field ServicesSee UNRRA

Field Surveys and Missions

Film Board, United NationsNote on

42,45

137-138

Finance 74-75See Budget, Administration and Finance,

Report of Committee onFinancial

expertsRegulations 39, 40, 43-44, 143-145,

Entry into force ofAmendment of 40,Application of

situationarrangements with UN 55, 121, 123,

43156-157

39-40146, 148

15241-42

126-127,130, 133-134

Financing of Special Services 55, 121, 127, 134

FundsAcceptance of 44Expenditure of 43, 44

Geographicalareas, definition of

Adoption of resolution regarding . 35representation in staff 9

Governmental Health OrganizationsSee International Health A gencies

Headquartersof Interid Commission

Resolution of Norway onas amended

Resolution of China onResolution of France onResolution of Chairman on

as amendedAdoption of

Office space forof regional offices 54,

2828, 2928, 2929, 89

29-30, 8929-30, 89

30-3127, 35

120, 123of the WHO 54, 72-73, 120, 123, 132-133

Resolution concerning . . 13-15, 17, 88Amendment of 17, 89Adoption of 17

Committee for study of 17Note on 78-80

Pages

ICAOSee PICAO

ILOCo-operation with 25, 57, 92-93

Immunity Reaction in Smallpox Vaccination 65

Implementation of Agreement with UN 56, 122, 134

Inter-Agency Agreements 56, 121, 123, 127, 130, 134

Interim CommissionDuration of 8Date for end of second session of .Preparation for second session of . . .

See also Members of Interim CommissionHeadquarters of Interim Com-

mission

Internal CommitteesSee Committees

73

InternationalCivil Aviation Organization, co-operation

with 25, 57Court of Justice, relations with 54, 119, 123, 132Health Agencies, governmental and non-

governmentalTransfer of functions of 15-17

See also League of Nations, Office,UNRRA, Voluntary Organiza-tions

ListsSee Revision of International Lists

Sanitary ConventionsSee Sanitary Conventions

IROCo-operation with 95

Joint CommitteesRepresentation on 25, 90-9I

Languages used in documents 12

League of Nations,Health Functions of

Transfer of 15,Present status of

Publications of . . . . . . ...See also Biological Standardization

Legal Capacity of WHOProposed agreement between Swiss

Federal Council and WHO concerning 8, 13

Leprosy 6r

73, 98-9915

98-99..

Liaison with UN 56, 122, 134See also United Nations

Lists, InternationalSee Revision of International Lists

Malaria, Committee onProposals for establishment of 21, 33, 60-61,

65-66, 164-166Resolutions on 6o-6r

Financing of 48

Medicaleducation, proposed Committee on . . 21, 22nomenclature

See Revision of International Listsstaff, training of 66-67

Members in WHOUnited Kingdom proposal regarding . 24Admission of

Members of Interim CommissionList ofas members of Internal CommitteesSee also Payment of Members

5-6, 73-74

175 -

Minutesfor first session, approval offor second session, method for approval ofPrinting of

Morbidity, International Lists of Causes ofSee Revision of International Lists

Mortality, International Lists of Causes ofSee Revision of International Lists

Narcotic DrugsCommittee on, resolution on appointment

of 25, 161Division of United Nations, co-operation

with 95

N ational Health A genciesSee Voluntary Organizations

Negotiations with Swiss GovernmentLegal objection to

Pages

343534

NomenclatureSee Revision of International Lists

,Non-Governmental OrganizationsSee Voluntary Organizations

Non-Self-Governing TerritoriesAgreement with UN about . . . . 54, 119, 132

Nuclear CommitteesSee Technical Committees

Office International d'HygUne PubliqueTransfer of functions of II 39Report of Permanent Committee of . . s 0- ifFinancial situation of . . . . . . , . sFixing of date for transfer of activities of soSub-Committee for Negotiations with si

Resolution on final appointment of. . 33, sooPension liabilities of 154

Office Space, for Interim Commission . ° 27, 35

Official Records of WHOProposed publication of

Pan AmericanHealth Conference, invitation to meet-

ing of 17, 104Sanitary Organization

State of negotiations with . . 17, 57, 100-104Health Declaration of Havana on . 102-103

34

Report of Sub-Committee on Nego-tiations with 17, 103-104, 135Letter from Dr. Cumming concern-

ing 101-102

Pan-Arab Health Bureau 162-163

Payment of Members . . 39, 40-41, 44, 140-141Resolution on 18

Adoption of 18, 44, 156Note by Secretariat on 140-141Draft resolution on 141Rates of and procedure for 141-142Provisional rules for 142-143Decision on, first session 152-153

PersonnelSee Staff

PICAOCo-operation with 57, 93

Pilgrimage Clauses ot Sanitary ConventionsNote with regard to amendments to 162-163Sub-committee on revision of

Financing of 46, 47, 48Proposed appointment of 63-64, 64-65

Place of Next Session 35

Post-vaccinal Encephalitis 65

Pages

Preamble to Agreement with United Nations 52, 118,131

Public Health ServicesResolution on study of . . . .. . 66-67Resolution on training of staff for . . . 66-67

Public Information Division of UnitedNationsCollaboration with 23-24, 53, 58, 75, 119, 122-

123, 126, 129, 132, 135Note by Secretariat on . . . . . 23-24, 136Note on United Nations Film Board

regarding 137-139

PublicationsPolicy onMemorandum onSuggested appropriations for. . . .

of League of Nations Health Section

QuarantineCommittee on

Financing of 46-48Proposal to establish 61-63Appointment of 64-65See also Epidemiology and Qiiarantine

Rapporteurof Committee on Relations

Election of . . . . . ..... 51of Committee on Administration and

Finance 67

34345o

98-99

Ratificationsof Constitution 8, 9of Protocol 9

by France soSuggested method for obtaining . 35

Reciprocal Representationwith UN . . . 52-53, 118, 122, 124, 127, 131

Recommendations of UN 52-53, 57, 118-119, 122,125, 131-132

Regionalareas, for epidemiological intelligence. . . 65, 67offices, headquarters of . 54, 120, 132-133

Relations, Committee onSub-committee of, for negotiations with

OfficePlan for work of, during sessionMembership ofResolutions ofList of members ofMinutes of meetings ofOfficers ofReport of

Repayment of Loan to UN

II

12121251

5/-59135

135-136

Report of Executive SecretarySee Executive Secretary

Representation, reciprocity of, with UN* See Reciprocal Representation

Representatives of Second Session,List of

Research LaboratoriesAction by UN onResolution of Interim Commission

Adoption of

Revision of Agreement with UN . .

41, 42

5-6

26, 95-96on 26, 59, 139

26

56, 122, 534

Revision of International Lists, Committee onProposal for 59-20Appointment of 22Resolutions on 161Sub-Committee of, on Revision of P 1-

grimage clausesFinancing of 47-49

Financing of 48-49

176 --

Pages

Rockefeller FoundationMalaria work of 61

Rules of Procedureof the Interim Commission, suggested

modification of 18-Recommendation of amendment to . .

Adoption of 31,of the Committee on Administration and

Finance

Rural Hy giene

Salaries of StaftSee Staff

Sanitary Conventions

........

Application ofRevisión of

Resolution onProposed committee for

Seat of the OrganizationSee Headquarters

19, 40540

43-44

39

25

61-63, 64-6561

162. . 63-64, 64-65

SecretariatSee Stag

Security CouncilAssistance to .... 53, 119, 126, 129, 132

Sleeping-sickness 61

Smallpox VaccinationsImmunity reaction in 65

Specialized AgenciesPrinciples of co-operation with 12, 24-25,

58-59, 90-96, 119, 125, 128,See also FAO, ILO, PICAO, UNESCO

StagRecruitment of 8-9, 23,regulations 8, 9, 42, 44, 77,

Application ofGeographical representation on

56,135

74157152

9Inheritance of 9Salaries and allowances forAppointments to 42

Authorization for 42-43, 44Approval of 153, 157

Arrangements with UN regarding 54, 120, 123,129, 133

Setting-up. of 72Co-operation with UN regarding . . 74

State Medicine ProgrammesPressing of, on Governments 9 10

Statistical ServicesExchange of, with UN 23, 54-55, 120, 123, 126,

129-130, 133Swiss Federal Council

Negotiations with 13Agreement with 8 81-87Letter from 88

Technicaldivisions of UN, co-operation withcommittees, appointment of

25, 95-9619, 22

Note by Secretariat on 158, 160See also Committees

expertsSee Experts

services 56, 121, 133, 153'154

Transport Commission of UNCo-operation with 96

Tropical DiseasesProposal for Committee on 21Proposal for Institute on . 21, 61, 65, 166

Pages

Trusteeship Section of UNCo-operation with 25, 53, 54, 57, 96, 119, 125,

128, 132UNESCO

Draft agreement of, with French Govern-ment 86-87

Co-operation with 25, 57 , 59, 94-95in public information 24

United NationsPolicy of, on headquarters of WHO. . 14Draft master agreement with 22-24, 52-56, 58,

118-134, 135Adoption of 23Proposed amendment to, by United

Kingdom 24, 124Preparation of 75Explanatory note on . , ..... 122-123

Co-operation with technical divisions of 25, 95-96Subsidiary agreements with 75Administrative Agreement with . . 76-77

Adoption of 51-52, 58

75,

UNRRAhealth functions

Transfer of 16-17, 26, 45-46, 57, 75-76 '95,104-117, 154

Minutes and reports of UNRRA -Interim Commission-United Nations

Committee on-Memorandum onExchange of letters onDraft agreement onUNRRA resolution on

105-109109-512

113113-114114-115

Telegram concerning 16,115Sub-Committee on Negotiations with

resolution of 26-27Minutes of 115-117

Allocation of funds of . . . . 31, 157-158Appointment of Sub-Committee on provi-

sional budget for funds from 31, 32, 49, 158Continuation of malaria work of . . 61, 65-66

Venereal DiseasesSuggestion for committee on . . . . . 21-22Financing of experts inResolution regarding combating of . . . 67

48

Vice-Chairmanof the Interim Commission

Proposal for election ofof the Committee on Administration and

FinanceElection of

of the Committee on RelationsElection of

of the Committee on Epidemiology andQuarantineElection of

Voluntary Organizations interested inCo-operation with 25, 57-58, 59,

Voting Status of Chairmen

7, 8

4°

5 I

6o

Health135, 135-136

18-19

WHOSee Headquarters

World Medical Association ....Discussions at London Conference ofCo-operation with . . . . ...

.Collaboration with, in the work o .Bulletin

Yellow Fever

739

. 9, 10the

34

Appointment of Sub-Committee on 61-63, 64-65,167

Resolution of 166Financing of 46, 47-48

Study of 61Delineation of areas of 61Approval of vaccine for 61

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