MANUAL - NRC Group

HSEMANUALFor employees, hired staff and cooperating partners

WELFARE ENTREPRENEURSHIPTRUSTWORTHINESS

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HSE principles .....................................................................6 BREACHES OF HSE REGULATIONS ................................7 SAFE JOB ANALYSIS ...........................................................8 DAILY 15-MINUTE SAFETY CHECK ..................................9 REPORTING HSE INCIDENTS ......................................... 10 PERSONAL SAFETY EQUIPMENT ................................. 11 ORDERLINESS AND CLEANING .................................... 15

Safety ................................................................................... 18 WORKING AT A HEIGHT ................................................... 18 TRENCHES/SLOPES ........................................................ 20 CRANES AND LIFTING EQUIPMENT ............................. 21 TRAINING IN THE USE OF TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT .. 24 WORKING ON OR CLOSE TO TRACKS .......................... 24 ELECTRICITY – RISKS AND PRECAUTIONS ............... 24 HOT WORK .......................................................................... 28 HANDLING OF GASES ...................................................... 30

Cont

ents

THIS MANUAL BELONGS TO:

Name:

Tel. no.:

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Foreword ...............................................................................4

HSE principles .....................................................................6 BREACHES OF HSE REGULATIONS ................................7 SAFE JOB ANALYSIS ...........................................................8 DAILY 15-MINUTE SAFETY CHECK ..................................9 REPORTING HSE INCIDENTS ......................................... 10 PERSONAL SAFETY EQUIPMENT ................................. 11 ORDERLINESS AND CLEANING .................................... 15

Safety ................................................................................... 18 WORKING AT A HEIGHT ................................................... 18 TRENCHES/SLOPES ........................................................ 20 CRANES AND LIFTING EQUIPMENT ............................. 21 TRAINING IN THE USE OF TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT .. 24 WORKING ON OR CLOSE TO TRACKS .......................... 24 ELECTRICITY – RISKS AND PRECAUTIONS ............... 24 HOT WORK .......................................................................... 28 HANDLING OF GASES ...................................................... 30

Health and working environment.............................. 31 PHYSICAL WORKING ENVIRONMENT .......................... 32 PSYCHOSOCIAL WORKING ENVIRONMENT ............... 37 INTOXICANTS ..................................................................... 37

External environment .................................................... 38 REDUCING WASTE MATERIALS, WASTE SORTING AND RECYCLING ................................................................ 38 EMISSIONS ......................................................................... 38 ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS .................................. 39 NOISE ................................................................................... 40 DUST ..................................................................................... 40 MATERIAL AND PRODUCT SELECTION ....................... 40 PROTECTED SPECIES AND CULTURAL RELICS ....... 41

First aid and preparedness ......................................... 42 ACCIDENTS INVOLVING INJURY TO PERSONNEL .... 42 FIRE OR EXPLOSION ........................................................ 43 ACCIDENTAL EMISSIONS ................................................ 43

Life-saving first aid ........................................................ 44 EXAMINE THE INJURED PERSON ................................. 44 CARDIOPULMONARY RESUSCITATION (CPR) ............ 48 UNCONSCIOUS PERSONS ABLE TO BREATHE ......... 50 EXTERNAL BLEEDING ...................................................... 51 FOREIGN OBJECT IN AIRWAY ......................................... 51 BURN INJURIES ................................................................. 52 INJURIES CAUSED BY ELECTRICAL CURRENT ......... 53 PSYCHOLOGICAL FIRST AID........................................... 54 DEBRIEF .............................................................................. 54

Hazard symbols ............................................................... 64 Emergency telephone numbers ................................. 67

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Everyone shall arrive safely home at the end of the day when working for NRC Group:

• In NRC Group, safety is the first priority

• Everyone must contribute to a good and safe working environment

• All management must be involved and visible in HSE work

It is the responsibility of the employer to organise and to safeguard safety and the health of everyone who works for us. This is achieved by setting out common principles, systems, procedures and regulations applicable throughout the entire NRC Group.

It is the responsibility of the employee to speak up and be concerned about health and safety. All employees have a duty to stop any actions and/or operations that may involve the risk of injury or undesirable incidents. Employees are also obliged to follow all regulations and orders.

It is the responsibility of the safety delegate to ensure that work is carried out in a safe manner and to report hazardous circumstances. A safety delegate has the legal right and duty to stop any work involving a hazard to life and health, cf. Working Environment Act § 6-3.

HSE principles

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The Project Manager is responsible for all matters concerning the project. The HSE Manager is the project’s consultant in matters concerning HSE.

Strong HSE focus is created through several elements; the correct use of personal safety equipment, well-planned work assignments, compliance with established routines, active identification and handling of all HSE risks, reporting of undesirable incidents etc. This manual is an important contribution to this work and provides information concerning our HSE policies in planning and execution of work, issues that may lead to injury to health and the environment with preventive initiatives, first aid and preparedness. All of our employees, hired staff and employees of subcontractors are obliged to make themselves familiar with the contents of this manual and to comply with the rules and regulations therein. For more detailed procedures, templates and checklists for our HSE work, see our quality management system, TQM.

BREACHES OF HSE REGULATIONS

In the event of non-compliance with HSE regulations, the following reactions will be applied:

• A verbal warning will be given in the event of less serious breaches, and for the first breach.

• A written warning will be given for serious breaches, and in the event of a breach after a verbal warning has been given, along with a meeting with the Project/Site Manager or HSE Manager.

• Dismissal will be used in the event of further breaches or in aggravating circumstances.

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SAFE JOB ANALYSIS

A safe job analysis (SJA) is the most frequently used planning tool in order to eliminate or reduce HSE risks. By using an SJA we will arrive at the safest and most appropriate method for completing a work assignment.

The most important factors in an SJA are, cf. template/form for SJA:

• Reviewing which underlying activities are part of the work operation.

• Reviewing risk factors; what can go wrong?

• Reviewing any possible causes; why can it go wrong?

• Reviewing risk-reducing initiatives; how can we avoid things going wrong?

• Defining responsibilities for barriers to prevent things going wrong.

All personnel taking part in the work operation can demand that an SJA is carried out for the work. All those who will execute tasks on the assignment must take part in the SJA, or as a minimum receive a thorough review of this prior to start-up. Any new risk factors that are revealed during the review must be incorporated into the SJA.

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DAILY 15-MINUTE SAFETY CHECK

A daily 15-minute safety check must be carried out before work starts each morning in order to ensure that all those involved are aware of the day’s work operations and the risk involved in these, so that they can be carried out safely.

Elements of the daily 15-minute safety check can be:

• Review of the need for checklists

• Clarification of whether the work requires a Chief Safety Deputy or Safety Leader

• Clarification of whether we have what is required regarding necessary materials, equipment and tools in order to carry out the job safely and professionally

• Clarification of the need for an SJA

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REPORTING OF HSE INCIDENTS

All accidents, near accidents and hazardous circumstances must be reported.

All reports must be processed so that we learn from any incidents and avoid repeated occurrences.

All project participants must be given HSE incident report forms at the start of the project. In addition, all of our employees have access to electronic registration via TQM, either via a PC and/or mobile app.

Industry experience shows that increased reporting leads to a reduction in accidents. This is due to increased awareness about safety and focus on following routines and regulations in order to avoid hazardous situations. Reporting undesirable incidents is a simple and important policy instrument and we expect all of our employees to use it actively. No one shall experience negative feedback or consequences as a result of reporting undesirable incidents.

Always report hazardous circumstances or near accidents, or if you see anyone taking chances.

RUHBLOKKA

OMSORGGRÜNDERSJEL

TROVERDIGHET

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PERSONAL SAFETY EQUIPMENT

The type of personal safety equipment used must always be evaluated in terms of the type of work to be carried out.

Work clothing Work clothing on the project must comply with visibility requirements class 3. A risk evaluation must also be made of which type of work clothing is appropriate and approved for the work operation (mechanical, heat, electrotechnical, chemical etc.).

Protective footwear Protective footwear is mandatory on all of our projects. Protective footwear must comply with the project requirements pertaining to protection, e.g. requirement for penetration-resistant soles, chemical protection and anti-slip soles.

Leg protection When using a chainsaw, protective trousers must be used with integral leg protection, in addition to protective boots.

Helmet A safety helmet must be worn when working on all of our projects. Our employees must wear helmets carrying NRC Group markings. Plant machinery drivers must have a helmet with them in the vehicle and must put on the helmet before they leave the vehicle.

NRC Group uses the following colour code:

• White helmet: Employee

• Green helmet: Safety delegate

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Eye protection The use of protective eyewear, in principle, is mandatory at all of our sites. In certain cases, the use of protective eyewear is not mandatory; however, this applies in work situations where the risk has been assessed as acceptable and documented.

The type of eye protection must be adapted to the type of work. For example, for many types of work, close-fitting eyewear must be used. When welding, an appropriate welding mask must be worn.

Hearing protection Hearing protection must be used if you are exposed to noise that is disturbing or is above 85 dB throughout a regular working day, or when working in situations involving loud impacts/impulse noise. As a rule of thumb, hearing protection must be worn if you cannot follow a normal conversation at a distance of 1 m.

Protective mask/breathing apparatus A protective mask must be used if there is a risk of breathing in hazardous dust, solvents or gases. When painting or using chemicals, the product data sheet must be checked before use, in regard to whether the substance requires good ventilation or other initiatives. There are two main types of mask - air respirators and filter masks. Ensure that you use the correct type of mask for the job to be carried out.

Gloves Gloves must be used where required. The type of glove must be suitable for the type of work being carried out. When working with chemicals, the glove must be resistant to the substance you are working with. If there is a risk of cut injury, the gloves used must be of a suitable cut resistance class. When working on non-disconnected site components

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(working with live voltage), arc flash gloves must be worn. This also applies to low voltage systems that are not disconnected. For hot work (welding, flame cutting etc.) gloves that are approved for this type of work must be worn.

Fall safety equipment Working at a height must always be carried out in a secure manner, with suitable work equipment and from a suitable surface. Common fall safety measures must always be used where possible (railings, scaffolding and similar). Personal fall safety equipment must be used when performing work where common safety equipment is not possible. An SJA must be carried out before personal fall safety equipment is used. All personnel that use personal fall safety equipment must have documented training in the use of and rescue from harnesses (cf. Regulations pertaining to execution of work).

Other protective/safety equipment Other protective/safety equipment such as lifejackets, headlights and similar must be used where required due to the nature of the work (revealed in SJA).

HSE card On our projects, an HSE card must always be worn and be clearly visible.

Have your HSE card clearly visible!

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ORDERLINESS AND CLEANING

Our workplaces and site areas must be kept tidy. All materials and other tools must be returned to their designated places after use.

Good orderliness and good cleaning routines contribute to:

• Prevention of accidents and injuries

• Preventing (or limiting) fires

• Good hygiene

• Providing a pleasant, secure and safe workplace

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WORKING AT A HEIGHT

Working at a height must be assessed in relation to risk, and manual work at a height must be of a limited nature. Common safety measures such as railings, scaffolding and lifts must be given priority before personal fall safety equipment.

Ladders Ladders can be used for temporary access - they must not be used as a work platform. Under additional supervision, ladders can be used for tasks taking less than half an hour and if it is not appropriate to use other more secure work equipment, and/or the risk is limited and the circumstances at the worksite cannot be changed.

Ladders must be secured at the top or bottom, or be secured by another person. The maximum permitted length of ladders is 6 m, of which 1 m must extend beyond the roof or platform when the ladder is used as temporary access. The ladder used must be set at an angle between 65° and 75°.

Scaffolding Prior to use, all scaffolding with work platforms above a height of 2 m must be inspected by qualified personnel and carry approval signage.

Scaffolding with work platforms above 2 m must have handrails fitted at a minimum height of 1 m, a knee height railing and a foot railing. In addition, handrails must be installed against walls if the distance between the wall and

Safety

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Personal fall safety equipment shall be used where common fall safety measures are not possible.

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the scaffolding is greater than 30 cm. Netting, tarpaulin or a screen must be used in order to protect those below from falling objects. The scaffolding must have secure and appropriate access. Waste materials, building materials and equipment must not be stored on the scaffolding.

Users of the scaffolding must have training in the use of the relevant type of scaffolding.

Mobile scaffolding can only be used on firm, level and horizontal surfaces. When working on mobile scaffolding, all wheels must be locked. Remaining on the scaffolding when the scaffolding is being moved is not permitted, and objects on the scaffolding must be removed or secured against falling.

TRENCHES/SLOPES

Working in trenches and on slopes may involve the risk of earth/rock fall and must be carried out in accordance with the requirements stipulated in the regulations for execution of works, chapter 21 Excavation work.

• For trenches and shafts deeper than 2 m, the sides must have an appropriate slope angle or be secured in another manner against collapse.

• Place excavated mass such that it cannot collapse or slide and no closer than 1 m from the edge of the shaft or trench.

• In trenches that are deeper than 1 m, ensure that there is one or several escape routes.

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• When leaving the worksite, set up a railing or other appropriate barrier if there is a risk of persons falling into the trench.

• Be particularly careful when excavating on or close to a road carrying traffic.

Pay special attention in regard to slides/collapse in trenches, on slopes or on hillsides during changes between very cold weather (frost) and warmer weather.

CRANES AND LIFTING EQUIPMENT

All cranes and lifting equipment must undergo inspections by professional technicians a minimum of once per year. Certificates must always be kept readily accessible.

All lifting and operations involving the risk of falling objects must set up a safety zone, in which all personnel and vehicle traffic is prohibited. The extent of the safety zone must be defined in an SJA. Cranes and lifting equipment must be situated and used such that there is a safe distance between the crane/equipment and live outdoor power lines.

Hoisting

• To be permitted to hoist materials, you must have documented training/hoisting course (cf. Regulations pertaining to execution of work).

• Carry out a visual check of the lifting equipment before use.

• Make sure you have lifting reference tables for the relevant lifting equipment available.

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• When lifting long objects, use two straps, and a control line if necessary.

• Check the balance of the strapped objects when the load is raised from the ground.

• If radio communications are used between the hoist operator and crane driver, keep communications precise and short. If anything is unclear, request confirmation.

• Give clear and correct signals when directing a load. If necessary, agree in advance with the crane driver how signalling is to be given.

Mobile work platforms/personnel lift Cranes and lifting devices must not be used to transport personnel. Only approved personnel cages on a crane/wheeled loader can be used for this purpose.

All operators of personnel lifts must have completed documented safety training for this type of equipment. In addition, product-specific training must have been completed for the relevant lifting device. Product-specific training must as a minimum involve a thorough review of the safety devices and restrictions on the lifting device.

Scissor lifts must not be left in the raised position when being moved or standing unused. When using a boom lift, the person in the basket must be secured with a fall safety harness.

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TRAINING IN THE USE OF WORK EQUIPMENTDo not use equipment if you have not had the necessary training or if you are unsure about the use of the equipment. For certain machinery and equipment, certified safety training is required. For other work equipment that requires special safety precautions, documented safety training is required.

WORK CARRIED OUT CLOSE TO, OR ON TRACKSWhen working on or close to tracks, guidelines issued in relation to working on or close to tracks must be followed, including orders issued by the chief safety deputy, local safety deputy and manager for electrical safety.

ELECTRICAL RISK

Cable location Before excavation is started in areas where it is expected that buried cables can be found, the network owner must be contacted for cable location (this applies to all types of cables, including low voltage, fibre and signal cables, and audio/video systems). For low voltage cables, excavation below cable markings or sub-cable excavation must be carried out by hand. If there is a need to excavate within the stipulated safety distance for high-voltage cables, the network owner must be contacted. For all excavation in Bane NOR’s area, cable location must always be carried out in advance of excavation works

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Working on or close to electrical systems In line with regulations pertaining to safety when working on and operating electrical systems, work carried out on disconnected systems, work carried out on live systems and work carried out close to live system components must be adequately planned and necessary safety measures must be implemented in order to avoid injury/damage to life, health and materials. It must be fully clarified as to who is responsible for the planning, set up, management and implementation of safety measures at the worksite when working on or close to electrical systems. For high-voltage systems this is the Safety Manager. For low voltage systems there must be an authorised person along with the Works Manager responsible for safety initiatives. Those responsible must ensure that activities are carried out in a proper and safe manner and in accordance with safety regulations.

High-voltage systems Arcing (flashover) of dangerous voltage from high-voltage lines, to for example a crane or wire can take place without direct contact with the line. If arcing occurs, no one must touch the affected machinery. The driver must remain sitting in the driver’s seat until the line has been disconnected and the owner of the high-voltage line has given a clear signal for evacuation.

The owner of the high-voltage system (network owner, Bane NOR etc.) must be contacted when work is to be carried out closer than 30 m from the high-voltage system. The owner must decide upon which initiatives are necessary in order to gain permission for this type of work. High-voltage lines must only be handled by qualified electrical personnel. For works within the zone of the contact wire (6 m) special restrictions apply in accordance with Bane NOR’s regulations.

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HOT WORK

Hot work must only be carried out by certified competent personnel. Hot work can be welding, the use of angle grinders, flame cutters or other work that produces an open flame, heat or sparks. Hot work must be carried out in accordance with requirements stipulated in the Regulations pertaining to execution of work, chapter 5, Hot work.

Pay particular attention to the following:

• The workplace and the immediate area must be cleared of all flammable waste materials.

• Necessary fire extinguishing equipment must be readily available, a minimum of 2 x 6 kg ABC fire extinguishers.

• Close fitting eye protection, gloves and full-coverage flame retardant work clothes must be worn when grinding, welding and cutting.

• All openings in floors, walls and roofs/ceilings must be sealed.

• When carrying out hot work on painted surfaces, hazardous gases and particles are released. Breathing apparatus, preferably a respirator, must be used.

The executing personnel must evaluate the risk and the need for a fire watch.

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Hot work must only be carried out by certified competent personnel.

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HANDLING OF GASES

The use of gases requires knowledge, care and respect. In unauthorised hands gas can be dangerous. In regard to safety the following is important to know:

• That you have the correct gas for the purpose; using the incorrect gas can be highly dangerous.

• Whether the gas is flammable or toxic.

• Whether there is a danger of suffocation, increased risk of fire or explosion in the event of leakage.

• Whether the equipment is in good order and that you know how to use it.

Gas must be stored in a suitable location with correct signage. Flammable and/or toxic gas must not, under any circumstances, be stored in a basement or room/container without ventilation. Oxygen bottles must be stored a minimum of 8 m from bottles containing flammable gases when stored outdoors. The use of an approved container is recommended for the storage of gases.

In all other respects the regulations for hot work must be followed.

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Health problems and sickness as a result of working life frequently occur after accidental exposure over a long period of time. The employer is required by law to risk assess all exposure and to implement initiatives so that health is not negatively affected. The employee must cooperate with the employer in this respect. If other initiatives do not reduce the exposure to an acceptable level, necessary protective equipment must be used.

Our occupational health service can assist in providing guidance and advice in connection with both the physical working environment and the psychosocial/organisational working environment. The occupational health service will also carry out the periodical health check which is required by certain of our customers.

Health and the working environment

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PHYSICAL WORKING ENVIRONMENT

Noise Sound levels are measured in decibels (dB). An increase of 3 dB corresponds to a doubling of the sound level. A sound level above 80 dB involves the risk of hearing damage and initiatives must therefore be implemented. Hearing protection must be used if other initiatives do not have sufficient effect.

When working or remaining in areas with the sound level of 95 dB or above, double hearing protection must be used (ear defenders and earplugs). Presence in areas with more than 110 dB must not occur. At noise levels above 105 dB, extremely short exposure without hearing protection can lead to hearing damage.

Always be aware of the following circumstances:

• Are there alternative working methods that will involve reduced exposure to noise?

• Are you able to increase your distance from the source of the noise? (Doubling the distance reduces the noise level by 6 dB).

• Are you using the correct hearing protection (category 1, 2 or 3)? – Do you need to use double hearing protection?

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Dust Dust can affect the membranes in the airways and lead to acute problems such as bronchitis and pneumonia. In the long term, breathing in dust can lead to chronic lung disease.

If there is a high concentration of dust in the air, initiatives must be taken to avoid or reduce dust problems. Relevant initiatives can be regular watering other use of other dust binding methods. If it is not possible to reduce the concentration and dust in the air to an acceptable level, protective equipment must be used.

Gases Some types of gases can cause acute health problems, whilst others can lead to problems in the long term. There are both flammable and/or odour free gases. Gas meters are used to detect the presence of gases. Always try to reduce your exposure to gases.

Typical working environments and work assignments in which you may be exposed to gases are:

• Hot work

• Tunnel work

• Blasting work

• Work involving chemicals

• Working in tanks and enclosed spaces

• Working close to emissions from combustion engines

• Working in areas where biological material is being broken down (typically in construction trenches and excavations on previously used land)

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Hot work When welding, cutting, flame cutting, soldering, grinding and polishing, materials are heated up so that they change character. Hazardous by-products are released in the form of dust and gases. These substances can affect health in the short or long term, possibly leading to serious and chronic illnesses.

• Use alternative working methods, for example cold cutting, if possible

• Use extraction when available, or consider installing extraction devices

• Use a mask with the correct filter or use a respirator

• Replace the filter regularly and ensure good maintenance of respirators

• When heating up painted surfaces, use a respirator

Vibrations Hand and arm vibrations occur when using vibrating, handheld tools. The use of these tools involves the risk of damage to blood vessels, nerves, muscles and joints. Symptoms of health damage can be recurring attacks of white and numb fingers, pains and reduced hand strength.

The level of vibration determines how long these types of tool can be used each day. All tools should be marked with a maximum usage time. When using several different types of vibrating tool each day, it is the total sum of these vibrations that places limitations on the length of their use. If you cannot find information about the vibration level, this can be measured - the occupational health service has metering equipment for this purpose.

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It is chiefly plant machinery drivers that are exposed to full body vibrations in NRC Group. This can lead to back, neck and shoulder problems. Level underlying surfaces, a good driver’s seat/cabin and focus on speed and driving style are the most important barriers in reducing full body vibrations.

Ergonomics In order to prevent problems you must use your body correctly. Work tasks that over time involve heavy and monotonous work, unilateral/strained working positions and extreme time constraints are particularly unfortunate. Ensure that you use the most appropriate tools for the task and organise tasks as much as possible in the most effective order so that you have variation in the work.

During heavy lifting you should use the muscles in your legs and stomach. Bend your knees and hold your body vertical when you begin lifting. Lift the object as close as possible to your body. Holding the object close to your body will greatly reduce much of the strain on the spine.

Chemical products Some chemical products are extremely harmful to health. A record of substances and products with data sheets must follow the products as long as they are in use and all projects must have an electronic record of substances and products. Pay special attention to items 1, 2, 3 4 and 8 in the datasheets. When using substances that are marked toxic, harmful to health, extremely flammable or harmful to the environment, a risk assessment must be carried out based on the safety data sheets. An assessment must then be made as to whether less harmful substances can be used instead (substitution evaluation).

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Sewage water Contact with sewage water involves a certain risk of contamination from bacteria and viruses. The risk is dependent on the degree of contact with sewage water and the risk of contamination is reduced by using the correct protective equipment, good personal hygiene and good preventive routines during daily work. Our occupational health service can provide vaccination in order to prevent infection.

PSYCHOSOCIAL WORKING ENVIRONMENT

All of our employees, hired staff and employees of subcontractors have the right to a working environment in which everyone respects each other. No one shall be subjected to harassment or other unacceptable conduct, no one shall offend another person’s integrity and dignity and no one shall be exposed to negative psychological strain. Our working environment shall contribute to the prevention of injury and illness and shall be characterised by well-being, job satisfaction and a sense of community.

Working environment problems shall in principle be discussed with an immediate superior; however, you may also seek advice and guidance from an employee representative, safety delegate or HR Manager. The occupational health service has a neutral role in working environment matters and can also be contacted.

INTOXICANTS

Intoxicants and work do not belong together, and NRC Group has zero tolerance in regard to all forms of intoxication.

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We focus on continually working on minimising our impact upon the environment. We must apply our environmental policy as a basis in all our work. All our employees, hired staff and employees of subcontractors must have an understanding and acceptance of our goals concerning the reduction of environmental impact.

WASTE REDUCTION, SORTING AND RECYCLING

Projects must be planned such that a minimum amount of waste is generated. The waste generated, to the greatest extent possible, must be sorted and recycled. Sorted materials must be placed in marked containers. Remember that waste sorting leads to lower costs and a tidier, safer and more effective workplace.

Hazardous waste must not be mixed with other types of waste; these must be placed in special containers. Any required electronic declarations must be completed (avfallsdeklarering.no) and registered to the correct organisation number.

EMISSIONS

Unintentional emissions into the air, water and ground must be prevented:

• Fill fuel at established sites or from tanker vehicles.

• Place tanks and containers such that they are not exposed to collisions or other damage that can lead to emissions.

External environment

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• Carry out repairs and maintenance work on machinery at a designated area with a sealed underlying surface and oil separator filter.

• Carry out cleaning at an approved cleaning area.

• Limit run-off/erosion into watercourses.

All machinery must carry absorbents in the event of an undesirable incident involving oil or fuel. Used absorbents must be handled as hazardous waste.

ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS

Most energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions are associated with the use of machinery and transport. The use of environmentally-friendly and non-fossil fuel alternatives must therefore always be considered.

Examples of solutions:

• Logistics/driving techniques

• Avoid engine idling

• Updated/new plant machinery fleet

• Energy-efficient work cabins

• Energy-efficient heating at construction site

• Selection of environmentally-friendly products (e.g. concrete, asphalt, steel etc.)

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NOISE

Noise emissions must be limited using modern methods and machinery. Work must be planned such that noise-generating activities, as far as possible, can be carried out during daytime hours. Noise regulations (regulations pertaining to restrictions on noise in Oslo municipality) impose restrictions on levels of noise, including impulse noise. In residential areas, there must be a “quiet period” from 23.00 - 01.00. During this period all noise-generating construction and site work must cease.

If work must be carried out where the noise level will exceed the limits in the noise regulations, special permission must be applied for, and the affected neighbours must be informed. Normally, an application must be made for all impulse noise and extreme noise-generating works in built-up areas and for work carried out at night in residential areas.

DUST

Dust can be limited by employing regular watering or the use of other dust binding methods.

MATERIALS AND PRODUCT SELECTION

For health and environmentally hazardous products, alternatives must always be considered and these must be replaced with less hazardous products if this can be done without incurring unreasonable cost or disadvantage (substitution evaluation).

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PROTECTED SPECIES AND CULTURAL RELICS

If there are suspected findings of cultural relics or protected plants, organisms or animals, work must cease immediately and the client/authority must be notified.

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There will always be a certain time from when an injury occurs until the victim can be treated by qualified personnel. During this time, it is important that the injured person is given help. Good first aid can:

• SAVE LIFE

• LIMIT THE EXTENT OF INJURY

• REDUCE PAIN

ACCIDENT INVOLVING INJURY TO PERSONNEL

• Secure the site of the injury, gain an overview of the situation and limit the consequences. Make sure to also protect your own safety.

• Call for help: Ring 1-1-3 for an ambulance

• Start first aid

• Notify management

• Cordon off the site of injury, keep unauthorised persons away

• Meet the ambulance at the agreed location, if required make space for the helicopter

First aid and preparedness

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FIRE OR EXPLOSION

• Call for help: Call 1-1-0 for the fire service

• Start extinguishing the fire if possible

– In the event of fire in electrical sources, water or powder must NOT be used before the electricity supply is disconnected – In the event of a risk of explosion: Evacuate the area immediately

• Assess the risk of spreading. Try to limit the fire.

• Evacuate the area if necessary


ACCIDENTAL EMISSIONS

• Stop ongoing emissions and limit the spreading of emissions

• Use absorbents or similar. Avoid the use of water!


• Excavate the contaminated mass and place in containers for hazardous waste

• If you require advice/assistance in the event of acute emissions, call Miljøvakta on 23 89 72 52

• Notify the fire services on 1-1-0 in the event of major emissions or an out-of-control situation

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EXAMINE THE INJURED PERSON

Try to make contact

• Try to wake the person by shaking their shoulders carefully, calling: “Are you awake?”

• If the person wakens, look for injuries.

• If the person does not react or if he/she is unconscious; check their breathing.

• Ensure that the injured person is breathing and has a free air passage

• Stop any bleeding

• Choose the correct recovery position

• Start resuscitation of unconscious persons that are not breathing

Life-saving first aid

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Check breathing

• Free airway: Remove visible foreign objects (vomit, blood); Lift the lower jaw forward with two fingers under the chin. Provided there is NO suspicion of neck injury, the head can be moved carefully backwards by placing one hand on the forehead.

• Hold your cheek/ear close to the mouth and nose of the person; listen and feel for a breath for 10 seconds.

• Check to see if the chest is rising and falling.

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Examine

• Check the skin; if blood circulation is failing the skin is cold, clammy, pale and cold sweating.

• Check for external injuries, e.g. bleeding or signs of breaks. It can often be necessary to remove clothing in order to gain an adequate overview.

• Carry out the examination as carefully as possible.

Persons that are not breathing • Begin cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)

Persons that are breathing • Check for symptoms of circulation failure

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Symptoms of circulation failure

• Pale, cold and clammy skin

• Freezing/shivering

• Behaving strangely («out of themselves»)

• Do you see any blood or signs of internal bleeding?

• Does the person feel pain anywhere on the body?

• Does the person ask for something to drink?

Measures to take against circulation failure

• Keep the person warm

• Lay a conscious person flat with their legs raised - A conscious person with chest injuries and breathing difficulties should sit in a semi-raised position in order to make it easier for them to breathe

• Stop any bleeding

• Do not give the person anything to drink

• Provide psychological support

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CARDIOPULMONARY RESUSCITATION (CPR)

Remember to notify 1-1-3 if this has not already been done!

Begin with 30 chest compressions:

• Lay the person on his/her back on a firm surface

• Find the pressure point, which lies between the nipples, on the breast bone

• Keep your shoulders directly above the pressure point

• Press with your arms stretched out

• Press down 5-6 cm and release

• Press with the rhythm of 100 compressions per minute

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Continue with 2 rescue breaths:

• Open the airway by lifting the chin up and forward, whilst at the same time bringing the head carefully backwards. Look for foreign objects in the mouth and remove these if necessary

• Press the nostrils together and press your mouth over the person’s mouth

• Blow out carefully until you see the chest rise. Take approximately 1 second for each rescue breath

• Allow the air to come out again

• Blow out again

• Continue with alternating 30 chest compressions and 2 rescue breaths until help arrives

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UNCONSCIOUS PERSONS ABLE TO BREATHE

• To ensure a free airway, place the person in the recovery position

• Pull their uppermost leg up and forward to stabilise the person

• Push the head back and place the face with their mouth low down, use your hand as support under their chin

• Remove blood and vomit from the mouth

• Check regularly that the person is still breathing

• Keep the person warm: Outdoors the person can be placed on a blanket. Place clothing or other blankets over the person if available

NOTE: Consider avoiding placing the person in the recovery position if there is a suspicion of neck or back injuries.

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EXTERNAL BLEEDING

• Press directly on the site of the bleeding with a compress or similar

• Raise up the site of the bleeding

• Place something cold (snow/ice/cold compress) over the site of the bleeding

FOREIGN OBJECT IN AIRWAY

A foreign object lodged in the windpipe can block the airway and the person can suffocate.

Do the following:

1. Try to get the person to cough

2. Apply five hard blows between the shoulder blades

3. Give five hard abdominal thrusts (Heimlich manoeuvre)

4. Continue with alternate five blows on the back and five abdominal thrusts until the foreign object is dislodged

5. If the person loses consciousness: Start CPR

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Heimlich manoeuvre

• Stand behind the person

• Place a fist between the navel and breastbone

• Grasp the fist with the other hand

• Pull your hands rapidly inwards and upwards – Release and repeat

• Assess how hard to pull based on the size of the person

BURN INJURIES

• Cool the site down with cold water within the first couple of minutes

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• Cover injured skin with sterile bandages or clean cloth

• Thereafter cool down with tepid water (approx. 20 degrees) for A MINIMUM of 20 minutes

• Do not tear off textiles if they have burned themselves into the skin

• Preferably use a fire bandage (WaterGel or similar)

Call 1-1-3 in order to arrange transport and treatment.

INJURIES CAUSED BY ELECTRICAL CURRENT

Think about your own safety so that you do not become exposed to electricity.

Consider the symptoms of electric shock as for other first aid (burn injuries, loss of consciousness, cessation of breathing, for injuries etc.)

Persons that have been exposed to the following must be taken to hospital for follow-up:

• High-voltage current

• Lightning strike

• Low voltage electrical shock when the likely path of the current is through the body

• Persons that are unconscious or disoriented after an electric shock

• Burn injuries

• Signs of nerve damage (e.g. paralysis)

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PSYCHOLOGICAL FIRST AID

• Stay with the person who is injured

• Care for anxious persons

• Explain what has happened and that help is on its way

• Be a good listener and accept emotions

• Keep curious persons at a distance

Do not give up! You must continue with all first aid efforts until health personnel assume responsibility.

DEBRIEF

Speak to others about your experiences

• Talk about your own subsequent reactions

• Both the experience itself, and the feeling of inadequacy can be a strain

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Notes

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EXTREMELY TOXICChemicals that are extremely toxic and can cause life-threatening scald injuries if swallowed, on contact with the skin and/or on entering the lungs.

HARMFUL TO HEALTHChemicals that are hazardous if breathed, on contact with the skin or if swallowed. Also used for chemicals that irritate the skin the eyes and airways, cause allergic skin reactions, drowsiness and dizziness.

FLAMMABLEChemicals that are flammable and can burn intensely if lit or exposed to heat. Certain chemicals develop flammable gases in contact with water or can self-combust when exposed to air.

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CAUSTIC Chemicals that cause corrosive damage to the skin and eyes or serious eye injury. Also used for chemicals that are corrosive to metals.

ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARD Environmental hazard. Chemicals that are toxic to the aquatic environment in the short or long term. These must be stored and handled such that the chemical, both in use and as a waste product, does not harm the environment.

OXIDISING Chemicals that can cause fire or enhance the combustion of other materials.

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CHRONIC HEALTH RISK Chemicals that cause chronic health damage, e.g. cancer, harm to genetic material and reduced fertility. Also includes chemicals that cause allergies when breathed in, chemical pneumonia and other serious injuries.

EXPLOSION HAZARDChemicals and objects that represent an explosion hazard if they are exposed to impact, friction, sparks or heat.

PRESSURISED GASGas or other chemicals that are under pressure or gas that is liquid at extremely low temperatures. Containers can explode in the event of external fire.

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EMERGENCY TELEPHONE NUMBERS

MEDICAL113

POLICE112

FIRE110

POISON INFORMATION CENTRE

ACUTE CONTAMINATION Miljøvakta

22 59 13 00

23 89 72 52

TAKE CARE OF YOUR COLLEAGUES - IN THE NRC GROUP SAFETY IS THE FIRST PRIORITY

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