Le chitosan, un SDN multifonction - ITAB

Anne-Conway-Str. 9; Tel: +49-(0)421-27656923;

E-mail: [email protected] ;

D- 28359 Bremen Fax: +49-(0)421-27656920 www.chipro.de

ChiPro GmbH

your reliable partner in natural ingredients

Le chitosan, un SDN multifonction

ChiPro GmbH Bremen, Germany

Dr. Siegfried Bank

mailto:[email protected]

http://www.chipro.de/





ChiPro GmbH


Chitin and Chitosan

• Cationic Biopolymer • Colorless • Amorphous • High charge density • Non-toxic • Biodegradable

Demineralization

Crab Shells

Deprotenation







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Chitosan from non-animal origin

Agaricus Bisporus Aspergillus Niger

Non-animal material

1. Filtration 2. Protein removal with alkali

3. Ash removal with acid

CHITIN

Chemical Deacetylation

CHITOSAN







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General Applications

BIOMATERIALS

FOOD

AGRICULTURE

COSMETIC

INDUSTRY

Background of the category Basic Substance:

• with a no-low ecotox reference • are considered food products/supplement • are already as merchandise available • have some record/proven effect in plant

“protection”

Biomedical Applications







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The molecular weight (Mw) and the polydispersity index (Ip ) is measured by Gel Permeation Chromatography

Mw = 85 kDa DA= 10 %

The DA of samples was determined using proton NMR (1H-NMR)







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Induction of plant resistance reactions

Taken from : David A Jones and Daigo Takemoto, Current Opinion in Immunology 2004, 16:48-62

The elicitor effect of Chitosan is widely discussed !







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• Complex and composed of multiple layers of defence: – Biochemical and genetical reactions, e.g.:

• Expression of Chitinases and Chitosanases → Destruction of fungal cell wall

• Sythesis of Phytoalexins → Antibiotic properties

• Production of Hydrogenperoxide → Toxic

• Enhanced growth

– Physical and physiological reactions e.g.: • Reduced opening times of stomata → Hinders intrusion of several funghi

• Lignification of cell walls → Increases physical barrier

• Changes in ultrastructure of roots and leafes → Hinders intrusion of several funghi

Plant defense reactions

But it is also apparent that it relates/depends to many external influences







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• ChitoPlant acts as an elicitor

• ChitoPlant triggers plant resistance reactions

→ChitoPlant strengthens the plants against infections with pathogens

→ChitoPlant increases plant growth and root formation

ChitoPlant – Mode of action




MBP inhibits the growth of fungi (Candida albicans)

Growth curves of C. albicans cultures in cell culture media with different concentrations of Chitosan

0,1 % Chitosan

Kontrolle (ohne Chitosan)

Source: Hipler et al, Uni Jena [2] ChiPro GmbH 2010

But also direct effects can be shown:




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ChitoPlant application in Grape vine Yield increase







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ChitoPlant in grapevine downy mildew protection • Field trials were carried out in a vineyard of the cv Montepulciano in years 2014 and

2015. Treatment regime: • Products used: Copper based products and alternative compounds, including ChitoPlant

and a combination of laminarin with Saccharomyces spp. • The alternative compounds were applied singularly or alternated with low copper rates,

following different strategies. Results

Trial details

ChitoPlant is more effective than laminarin with Saccharomyces spp

Chitoplant alternating copper hydroxide when applied alternating weekly to the

other formulation

Sinlge use Alternate use







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ChitoPlant application in Strawberries Yield increase







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Strawberry variety: Elsanta, 15-18cm Rhizome diameter, Frigo plants

Treatment regime:

• Dipping the whole plant for 10 minutes in 0.05% ChitoPlant Solution directly before planting

• Band spraying 2 days after planting: 20cm width, 100ml 0.05% ChitoPlant solution per meter

• Leaf spraying from timepoint of sprouting: Dripping wet every 14 days until harvest, 0.05% ChitoPlant solution

Trials were done in four replicates.

Evaluation

Total yield increase compared to untreated control

Trial details

Field trial ChiPro GmbH, 2004

Total Yield increase in %







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Field trial ChiPro GmbH, 2005







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ChitoPlant application in Strawberries Protection against post-harvest diseases







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Experimental details:

• Dipping of single strawberry fruits in 1% (w/v) ChitoPlant in destilled Water for 1 minute.

Control: Water, pH5.6 with 0,05 % (w/v) Triton X-100.

• Air drying for 1 h

• Storage of single fruits in plasticboxes for 3 days at 20°C, 95-98% humidity

• 5 repetitions

ChitoPlant effect against Botrytis cinerea and Rhizopus stolonifer

Romanazzi G. et al. 2007. Proc. COST 924 "Novel approaches for the control of postharvest diseases and disorders", Bologna, 403-408







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ChitoPlant application in potatoes Yield increase







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Potatoe variety: Cilena Treatment regime: • Potatoes are sprayed with 0.05%

ChitoPlant solution during sowing with sowing machine

• Trials have been performed according to EPPO guideline 1/32 (Rhizoctonia solani on potatoe)

Evaluation Total yield increase compared to untreated

control

Trial details

Field trial Agrarfrost GmbH & Co.KG, 2002

Yield increase potatoes in %

Treated with conventional

chemicals

Treated with ChitoPlant







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Yield increase potatoes in dt/ha

299

338

430

489

397

469

376

432

0 100 200 300 400 500 600

-- Control

1,5+4,0 Risolex

fl.+ Dithane NeoTec

342 493

406

414

1,5 Risolex fl.

342 505

479

442

0,05 ChitoPlant

SMK01E01 dt/ha NIK01E01 dt/ha WEK01E01 dt/ha Average dt/ha

GD5%=69,8 GD5%=52,

9 GD5%=54,2

Field trial Spiess Urania, 2002

Yield increase: 17,5%







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ChitoPlant application in potatoes Protection against diseases







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Potatoe variety: Princess Treatment regime: • Combined seed and leaf treatment • Potatoes are sprayed with 0.1% ChitoPlant solution during sowing • Spraying of leaves with 0.1% ChitoPlant solution every 10 days until

harvest Evaluation Rating of infestation and severity of Phytophtora infestans,

Streptomyces scabies and Rhizoctonia solani, respectively

Trial details







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Field trial University Rostock, 2002 (Phytophtora infestans and Streptomyces scabies)




Keimtest mit Spinatsamen Durchführung Beginn : 04. 04. 02 Anzahl der Samen : 15 Stück 1) ChitoPlant 1:1000 : 60 sec Tauchung in ChitoPlant-Lösung 1:1000 mit H2O 2) ChitoPlant 1:2000 : 60 sec Tauchung in ChitoPlant-Lösung 1:2000 mit H2O 3) ChitoPlant 1:4000 : 1,5 h Quellung in ChitoPlant-Lösung 1:4000 mit H2O 4) Kontrolle : 60 sec Tauchung in H2O 5) Kontrolle : 1,5 h Quellung in H2O

ChitoPlant 1:1000: 10 Stück



Kontrolle- Tauchung: 3 Stück

Kontrolle- Quellung : 3 Stück

Photoaufnahme: 15. 04. 02


ChitoPlant 1:1000 : 10 Stück



Kontrolle- Tauchung : 3 Stück

Kontrolle- Quellung : 3 Stück

Scannerbilder (15. 04. 02)

1. Keimzahl (16. 04. 02) 2. Wurzel- und Keimling-Wachstum (16. 04. 02)


Beizung mit ChitoPlant

Beizung mit herkömmlichen Beizmitteln

Aussaat: 05.11.01; Probenahme: 27.01.02

Ge

wic

ht

(g)

Fläc

he

(cm

2))

Län

ge (

cm)

ChitoPlant- Beizung von Weizen

Beginn des Versuches: 11. 12. 01

10. 01. 02

Behandlung mit ChitoPlant 1:4000 10. 01. 02

Kontrolle

Einfluß von ChitoPlant auf die Mykorrhiza - Entwicklung

(Pinus sylvestris / Suillus bovinus)




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Thank You!




Le chitosan, un SDN multifonction - ITAB

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