ISIOLO COUNTY

2021 LONG RAINS FOOD SECURITY ASSESSMENT REPORT

A Joint Report of KFSSG - National and Isiolo County Steering Group (CSG): Technical Departments

and Partners

July, 2021

KFSSG National team: Anthony Munyao - State Department for Livestock, Pancras Ngati - State Department for Livestock and

Opportuna Marura - NDMA

1

Executive Summary

The 2020 long rains food and nutrition security assessment was undertaken from 12th to 16th July

2021 by Isiolo County Steering Group (CSG) with the technical support from Kenya Food Security

Steering Group (KFSSG). The overall objective of the assessment was to conduct an objective, evidence based, and transparent food and nutrition security situation analysis following the 2021 long

rains and cumulative effect of the previous seasons and provide recommendations for possible response options based on the situation analysis. The assessment was based on the four pillars of food

security such as food availability, access, utilization and stability. It also looked at the contributing

factors, outcomes and effects on each sector. Various interventions that addressed the issues arising in each sector: agriculture, livestock, water, health and nutrition, education, peace and security, and

markets and trade were identified. Primary data was collected from the community and triangulated by the secondary data to enhance reliability of the findings. The results indicated that, the main drivers

of food and nutrition insecurity in the county were presence of corona virus (COVID-19) pandemic,

crop failure, livestock diseases (Lumpy skin disease and Contagious Caprine Pleuropneumonia, Pestes Petit Ruminate, Sheep and Goat pox), Crop pests and disease (Fall Army Worm and Tuta

absoluta), resource base conflicts, Human disease outbreaks (Kalazaar and Diarrhea), Floods experienced in Cherab and Sericho wards resulting in destruction of household items, roads as well

as water harvesting structures and high food commodity prices. The COVID-19 implementation of

Covid 19 control measures has led to loss of livelihoods across all livelihood zones, underutilization of health facilities and health services, declined market operations, high costs of provision of vet

services and increase in herding costs. The county received depressed rains which was characterized by poor temporal and uneven spatial distribution. The onset was 3 dekads late and cessation was

earlier than normal in the second dekad of May. The depressed rainfall had a negative impact on both

water accessibility and availability, crop and livestock production.

The county experienced massive crop failure. Food availability at household level was low when compared to normal and this impacted negatively on health and nutrition status of both children under

five years and the general population. The stocks held by farmers was 93.9 percent below the long

term average. The pasture and browse condition in all livelihood zones was generally poor or depleted with a worsening trend compared to fair normally resulting to fair to poor livestock body condition.

Milk production declined by almost 50 percent across all the livelihood zones while the prices increased by 66.7 percent. The proportion of households with poor food consumption was 8.4 and

6.7 percent in Pastoral and Casual/waged labor livelihood zones respectively which implied that these

households were only consuming at least staples and vegetables on a daily basis. The proportion of households who had acceptable food consumption was 70.5, 75.1 and 77.6 percent in Pastoral, Agro

Pastoral and Casual-waged labor livelihood zones respectively. Moreover, households were employing consumption based coping strategies more frequently compared in order to meet food

gaps. In conclusion, the indicative food security phase classification in the county is “Crisis” (IPC

Phase 3). However, Pastoral and some parts of Agro Pastoral zones of the county are likely to move to “Emergency” (IPC phase 4) in the next 3 months due to depletion of household food stocks and

forage and water if the expected Short rains fail or are below normal.

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Table of Contents

Executive Summary .......................................................................................................................................................... 1

Table of Contents ................................................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

1.0 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................................................ 3

1.1 County background .................................................................................................................................................... 3

2.0 DRIVERS OF FOOD AND NUTRITION SECURITY IN THE COUNTY .......................................................... 3

2.1 Rainfall Performance ................................................................................................................................................. 3

2.2 Insecurity/conflicts..................................................................................................................................................... 4

2.3 Covid-19 pandemic .................................................................................................................................................... 4

2.4 Other Shocks and Hazards ......................................................................................................................................... 4

3.0 IMPACTS OF DRIVERS ON FOOD AND NUTRITION SECURITY ................................................................. 5

3.1 Availability ................................................................................................................................................................ 5

3.1.1 Rain Fed Crop Production .................................................................................................................................. 5

3.1.2 Cereals Stocks .................................................................................................................................................... 6

3.1.3 Livestock Production.......................................................................................................................................... 7

3.1.4 Impact on Availability ...................................................................................................................................... 11

3.2 Access ...................................................................................................................................................................... 11

3.2.1 Market prices .................................................................................................................................................... 11

3.2.3 Income sources ................................................................................................................................................. 13

3.2.4 Water Access and Availability ............................................................................................................................. 13

3.2.5 Food Consumption ........................................................................................................................................... 15

3.3 Utilization ................................................................................................................................................................ 16

3.3.1 Morbidity and mortality patterns...................................................................................................................... 16

3.3.2 Vitamin A Supplementation and Immunization............................................................................................... 17

3.3.3 Nutrition Status and Dietary Diversity ............................................................................................................. 17

3.3.5 Public Interventions, Risk communication and Community level Actions ..................................................... 18

3.3.6 Coordination and leadership in COVID-19 pandemic preparedness and response ......................................... 19

3.3.7 Sanitation and Hygiene .................................................................................................................................... 19

3.4 Trends of key food security indicators .................................................................................................................... 19

3.5 Education ................................................................................................................................................................. 20

3.5.1 Enrolment ......................................................................................................................................................... 20

3.5.2 Effect of Covid-19 on Schools ......................................................................................................................... 20

3.5.3 Effects of 2021 Long Rains on Schools ........................................................................................................... 20

3.5.4 School Feeding ................................................................................................................................................. 20

3.5.5 Inter-sector links ............................................................................................................................................... 21

4.0 FOOD SECURITY PROGNOSIS ............................................................................................................................ 21

4.1 Prognosis Assumptions ............................................................................................................................................ 21

5.0 CONCLUSION AND INTERVENTIONS .............................................................................................................. 23

5.1 Conclusion ............................................................................................................................................................... 23

5.1.1 Summary of findings ........................................................................................................................................ 23

5.1.2 Phase Classification.......................................................................................................................................... 24

5.1.3 Sub-county Ranking ......................................................................................................................................... 24

5.2 Ongoing Interventions ............................................................................................................................................. 25

5.2.1 Food Interventions............................................................................................................................................ 25

5.2.2 Non-Food Interventions ................................................................................................................................... 25

5.3 Recommended Interventions ................................................................................................................................... 29

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1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1 County background

Isiolo County lies on the eastern side of the

country and borders Marsabit to the North, Wajir to the East, Garissa to the East and

South East, Tana River, Kitui and Meru to the

South, and Samburu and Laikipia to the West. The county has a population of 268,002

(KNBS 2019) persons and occupies an estimated 25,605 square kilometres. The

county has three livelihood zones namely;

Pastoral species, Casual and waged labour, and Agro-Pastoral with population per

livelihood zone being 52, 33 and 15 percent respectively as shown in Figure 1.

In the Pastoral livelihood zone, 50 percent of

the population is semi-nomadic while the other 15 percent are fully nomadic. In the Agro Pastoral livelihood zone, 45 percent of the population

is fully settled while 30 percent are semi-nomadic. The agro pastoralists reside along/close to the main rivers and suffer from crop losses when rivers flood. The pastoralist areas of Sericho and

Garbatulla bordering Wajir and Garissa counties occasionally suffer resource-based conflict.

Methodology

The main objective of rapid Long Rains Food Security Assessment was to develop an objective,

evidence-based and transparent food security situation analysis following the long rains season of

March to May (MAM) 2021 taking into account the cumulative effects of previous seasons and

thereafter provide instantaneous and medium-term recommendations for possible response options

for stakeholders based on actual situation analysis. Primary data was collected during the field visits

at the county through community and market interviews. Sector technical focal persons at the county

level provided data consolidated in checklists for further analysis, reporting and reference. More

secondary data was collected from the early warning system bulletins and used to provide trends for

the different food security indicators in the various sectors.

2.0 DRIVERS OF FOOD AND NUTRITION SECURITY IN THE COUNTY

2.1 Rainfall Performance

Isiolo County has a bimodal rainfall pattern with long

rains in March- April- May (MAM) and short rains in

October- November-December (OND). The rains

started in Isiolo County in the first dekad of April

which was 3 dekads late across the county. In general,

the county received 25 to 75 percent of the normal

rains with Northern and Central parts of the county

being the most affected. Oldonyiro and parts of

central Isiolo and Kinna received less than 5 percent

of normal rains (Figure 2). The cumulative amounts

of rainfall received during the season was 50.64 mm

compared to the long term average of 145.55 mm.

Spatial distribution was uneven across the county

52%

33%

15%

Pastoral

Figure 1: Isiolo Livelihood zones

Figure 2: Isiolo County Long Rains

performance

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with poor temporal distribution. The cessation of the rains was early in the second dekad of May

compared to third dekad of same month normally.

2.2 Insecurity/conflicts

The county experienced resource based conflicts especially in zones near the county boundaries with

her neighbors, Wajir and Garissa which were attributed to competition over pastures and water.

However, recurrent incidences have been blamed on political instigated retaliatory attacks which

have occurred along the Garbatulla-Garissa, Merti-Wajir West sub-county and pasture rich Kom

triangle. Some of the conflict hotspots are Garbatulla, Sericho and Korbesa in Garbatulla sub-county,

Alango, Yamicha in Merti and Kom in Charri ward. The other areas with significant conflicts were

fanned by cattle rustling in Ngaremara ward. Several livestock heads have been lost during the raids

in addition to loss of life and/or injuries to the conflicting herding community members. The ensuing

insecurity especially among the communities living near the conflict hotspots has led to continued

fear of attacks. This has derailed livelihood activities such as forage search and livestock marketing

subsequently leading to a significant shrinking of markets access and prices offered at the remaining

operational markets. A reduction in price of livestock has led to a significant decline in purchasing

power of pastoral households. Moreover, livestock deaths perpetrated by wild animals have been

reported across the county by herding communities to relevant authorities with no or minimal

compensation made for the destruction.

2.3 Covid-19 pandemic

Since emergence of the disease a number of measures to control spread of the disease have been put

in place. Such measures include travel restrictions and periodical ban on gatherings which have had

dire consequences on trade and hospitality. The resultant effect was downscaling of operations in the

tourism and hospitality industries as well as transportation of people and goods across diverse markets

leading to significant decline in demand for services and products. The Covid-19 control measures

have eventually resulted to loss of jobs and livelihoods. In the Pastoral livelihood zone, farmers are

being offered significantly lower prices for their livestock when compared to the pre-Covid-19 times.

This is among other factors that could have led to lower purchasing power of a large proportion of

the county population that relies on sale of livestock to access food commodities.

2.4 Other Shocks and Hazards

High food commodity prices: The moderate increase in staple food prices are a direct result of crop

failure or poor harvests locally that has led to a lower purchasing power among herding households

who are forced to sell their heads of livestock at prevailing lower market prices. This is expected to

erode on households’ ability to feed their members and thus resort to employment of food and

livelihood based coping strategies.

Hazards

Crop Failure: There was massive failure of most of crops such as maize and beans under pure rain

fed production. However, maize crops were more affected by the poor availability of soil moisture

following the depressed performance of long rains. This implied that households producing crops had

little or no harvests to stock or sell, therefore depressed stocks, less income and low purchasing

power. It also directly meant that majority of the county food stocks have to be obtained from

neighboring counties, a factor that poses a risk of early price surges as drought heightens.

Livestock diseases: Livestock such as Anaplasmosis, Lumpy Skin Disease (LSD), Contagious

Caprine Pleuro Pneumonia (CCPP), Pestes Petit Ruminate (PPR), Sheep and Goat pox (S&GP) are

causing a heightened risk of opportunistic infections due to the continued weakening of their health

5

and immunity. This is attributed to consumption of less quality feeds and water that is increasingly

becoming scarce due to depletion in addition to increasing distances to watering points.

Crops and livestock pests

Pests such as the Fall Army Warm (FAW) have become big threat to maize farmers growing the

cereal crop. This has consequently increased farming costs and thereby reducing the farmer income

and thus their purchasing power. Livestock pests such as ticks and Tse tse fly were also reported

although their prevalence was generally low mainly attributed to the poorly regenerated pasture lands

following poor performance of the long rains season.

Floods

Flash floods were experienced in Cherab and Sericho wards following heavy downpours during the

third dekad of April, resulting in destruction of household items, roads as well as water harvesting structures such as water pans. The flooding resulted in the area being cut-off for a period of five

days.

3.0 IMPACTS OF DRIVERS ON FOOD AND NUTRITION SECURITY

3.1 Availability

This is a key pillar of food security incorporating prevailing livelihood options for a society which

comprise of economic undertakings people engage in to make a living. The pillar portrays the primary

sources of food and income, essential to make a living. The county has two main livelihoods that

shape the availability pillar; that is livestock production and crop production, gradually developing

as an alternative to diversify food and income source. Under the pillar, the current poor condition of

forage, both in quantity and quality and the prevailing water scarcity, depicts that livestock production

is under threat, in a county where farmers’ contingencies of animal feed are insufficient and/or non-

existent. Moreover, crop production in the season was very poor characterized by massive crop

failure. In this section area planted under crops, harvests, available food stocks and productivity of

livestock and marketing aspects are discussed.

3.1.1 Rain Fed Crop Production

Crop production is only practiced in the Agro-Pastoral and casual waged-labour livelihood zones

with a 20 and 32 percent population respectively. Food crop production contributes 23 and 15 percent

of cash income in the Agro Pastoral and casual waged labour livelihood zones respectively. Maize

production contributes 15 percent of cash income and 45 percent to food in the Agro Pastoral

livelihood zone. In casual waged labour livelihood zone, maize and beans contribute 70 and 20

percent to food and income respectively. The long rains season accounts for about 40 percent of

annual rainfall experienced in the county. The area planted under maize was equivalent to the LTA

because farmers were assisted with assorted seeds, fertilizer and subsidized tractor services by Food

Agriculture Organization (FAO), World Vision and County government. The hectreage under beans

and green grams was 20.8 and 17.9 percent below the LTA (Table 1). The decline in area planted

under the two crops is associated to low purchasing power of farmers for farm inputs such as seeds

and also due to reduced labour on the farms as a result of Covid-19 restrictions on group gatherings

mainly in areas bordering Meru, Kinna and Rapsu. Production for maize, beans and green grams was

98.1, 97.8 and 97.5 percent respectively below the LTA which is attributed to depressed long rains

which was erratic, unevenly distributed coupled with late onset and early cessation. The fall army

worm infestation in maize was also experienced in Rapsu ward.

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Table 1: Rain-fed crop production

Crop Area planted

during 2021

Long rains

season

(Ha)

Long term average (5

year) area planted

during the Long

rains season (Ha)

2021 LRA rains

season production

(90 kg bags)

Projected/Actual

Long term average (5

year) production

during the short rains

season

(90 kg bags)

1.Maize 372 372 101 5400

2.Beans 210 265 39 1800

3.Greengrams 55 67 10 400

Irrigated crop production

The main crops produced through irrigation in order of priority are maize, tomatoes and onions as

illustrated in Table 2 above. The area under maize, tomatoes and onions was 43.9, 47.1 and 45.6

percent below the Long term average respectively. The decline in hectreage under production for the

above crops was due to low purchasing power of farmers for the seeds and seedlings as well as the

depressed long rains which were received in most parts of the county. Production for maize,

Tomatoes and Onions declined by 70.4, 57.8 and 59.7 percent respectively when compared to LTA.

The decline was due to reduced water levels in the rivers resulting to water rationing in the irrigated

areas as a result of depressed long rains. Production was lower in maize because of attack by fall-

armyworm which cleared approximately 25 percent of the area planted during the season in Rapsu,

while tuta absoluta pest in tomatoes affected production in tomatoes.

Table 2: Irrigated Crop Production Crop Area planted

during the

2021 Long

rains season

(ha)

Long term average

(3 years) area

planted during short

rains season (ha)

2021 Long rains

season production (90

kg bags/MT)

Projected/Actual

Long term average (3

years) production during

2021 Long rains season

(90 kg bags/MT)

1.Maize 185 330 1245 4200

2.Tomatoes 45 85 607MT 1440MT

3.Onions 43 79 433MT 1074MT

3.1.2 Cereals Stocks

Maize stocks held by farmers, traders and millers were 93.9, 91.2 and 39.7 percent (Table 3) below

the LTA respectively as result of crop failure experienced in the county due to depressed long rains.

For the traders, the stocks have declined in most markets in Isiolo Sub-county with markets such as

Oldonyiro experiencing reduced supplies from the neighboring counties. Farmers in the pastoral

Livelihood zones have no stocks and are wholly dependent on the markets for their food supplies.

Table 3: Quantities held currently Commodity Maize Rice Sorghum Green gram

Current LTA Current LTA Current LTA Current LTA

Farmers 20 330 0 0 0 20 5 25

Traders 200 2273 2200 2200 15 18 14 18

Millers 400 663 0 0 0 0 0 0

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Commodity Maize Rice Sorghum Green gram

Current LTA Current LTA Current LTA Current LTA

Food Assistance 0 700 0 0 0 0 0 700

NCPB 0 1250 0 0 0 0 0 0

Effects of Covid-19

The pandemic has not affected availability of food stocks since there has been no restriction of

movement of goods from all the supply areas.

3.1.3 Livestock Production

Livestock production is the mainstay of the county’s economy and it is practiced in all the livelihood

zones. Livestock production contributes 80 percent of cash income in the pastoral livelihood zone

while in the agro-pastoral livelihood zone, the sector contributes 45 percent of cash income. The main

livestock species kept include cattle, goat, sheep, camel, donkey and chicken. The most important

species in the food chain are sheep and goats which are easily sold by farmers to replenish food stocks

at the household level while camel and cattle are usually sold when major investments are to be done.

Camels are largely kept for milk production while donkeys are used mostly for transporting water,

firewood and household food to and from the market. The milk from camels, goats and cattle is used

for household consumption while the surplus is sold.

The emergence of Covid-19 has negatively affected the livestock sector. Provision of veterinary

services has declined due to a decrease in Government funding and a noted increase in prices of

veterinary inputs like drugs. Restricted movement and low purchasing power due to Covid-19

containment measures has affected the distribution of veterinary goods and services resulting in

shortages of such goods and services in some villages. Herding labor costs has continued to increase

due cost associated with implementation of some Covid-19 control measures. Households who were

involved in the value addition of livestock products either stopped production due to Covid-19

restrictions coupled with low demand of the products. Operations in all livestock markets have not

normalized completely hence markets are not fully provisioned with livestock good and services.

Covid-19 restrictions have been an additional burden to vulnerable households in terms purchase of

sanitizers and face masks. Fear of contracting Covid-19 among herders has limited movements to

certain areas which are viewed as risky.

Pasture and Browse

The pasture and browse condition in all livelihood zones was generally poor or depleted when

compared to fair normally (Table 4). This was attributed to poor performance of both 2020 short rains

and 2021 long rains which led to no or minimal regeneration of pasture and browse. Pasture and

browse has been depleted in most grazing zones in the county especially Chari, Cherab, Sericho,

Garbatulla, Kinna and Oldonyiro wards. However, few areas with pasture and browse such as Kom

and Gogogicha, are expected to last between one to two months compared to three to four months

normally. Insecurity along Isiolo-Garissa, Isiolo-Wajir and Isiolo-Samburu border have limited

access to pasture and browse. The worst affected wards are Charri, Cherab, Sericho, Ngare mara and

Burat. Also, inadequate water in dry grazing areas for example Yamicha and Alango coupled with

bush fires in Cherab and Sericho has limited the access. In Kinna ward, tsetse fly and tick infestation

around the border of Bisan Adhi and Meru National park have limited the access to pasture and

browse. Invasive plant species such as acacia reficience in Oldonyiro ward and Prosopis juliflora in

Cherab ward have invaded thousands of hectares. These invasive plant species have limited access

to pasture and browse because they smother the growth of other palatable plant and grass species.

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Table 4: Condition of pasture and browse

Pasture conservation status

Pasture conservation is being practiced in Kinna, Muchuro, Rapsu, Burat, Munanda Nur, Oldonyiro

and Korbesa villages. The county has approximately 3,500 bales of hay currently being held by

farmers and farmers groups. The county has five hayshed with average storage capacity of 20,000

bales with only three being utilized having 900 bales in store. The average prevailing price is Kshs.

300 per bale. In both Pastoral and Agro Pastoral livelihood zones, the rate of adoption of pasture

production and conservation is still very low due to belief among the pastoralists that pasture is a free

input in livestock production system. However, the few farmers involved in pasture production and

conservation use simple raised platform structures within the pasture field to store hay. The utilization

of held hay stands at less than 30 percent. Factors limiting utilization of the hay include inadequate

market (Kinna ward), lack of technical skills on production and conservation and lack of incentives

to conserve pasture. Lack of stockists for certified pasture seeds in the county also limits pasture

production. There are three groups in Kinna, Ngare Mara and Burat wards that are currently involved

in commercial pasture production but they are at formative stages therefore their role in mitigating

seasonal fluctuation of livestock feeds is still minimal.

Covid-19 containment measures has affected communities’ regular meetings for planning grazing

and scouting of grazing areas. The herding labor cost has also increased because of additional

requirements by herders to buy sanitizers and masks which many household cannot afford.

Livestock Productivity

Livestock body condition

The body condition for cattle and sheep was fair to poor compared to fair normally while that of goats

was fair which was normal. Camels had a fair body condition compared to good normally which is

attributed to availability of shrubs for browsing (Table 5). The current livestock body condition has

been attributed to diminishing/depleted pasture and browse, increasing trekking return distance from

grazing to water points which has resulted to a decrease in watering intervals.

Table 5: Livestock body condition

Pasture Browse

Livelihoo

d zone

condition How long to

last (Months)

Factors

Limiting

access

Condition How long to

last (Months)

Factors Limiting

access

Curr

ent

Nor

mal

Curr

ent

Nor

mal

Curre

nt

Nor

mal

Curr

ent

Nor

mal

Pastoral Poor fair 1-2 3-4 Water,

insecurity

Fair to

poor

fair 2-3 4 Water, insecurity,

Invasive weeds

Agro-

pastoral

Poor fair 1-2 3-4 Water,

insecurity

Fair to

Poor

fair 2-3 4 Water, insecurity,

tse tse fly

Livelihood

zone

Cattle Sheep Goat Camel

Current Normal Current Normal Current Normal Current Normal

Pastoral Fair to

poor

Fair Fair to

poor

Fair Fair Fair Good to

Fair

Good

Agro-pastoral Fair to

poor

Fair Fair to

poor

Fair Fair Fair Good to

Fair

Good

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Tropical livestock units (TLUs)

The TLUs were below average across all the livelihood zones for both poor and middle-income

groups. The TLUs owned by poor income households declined by 50 percent while that for middle

income household households reduced by 33.3 percent in the Pastoral livelihood zone. In the Agro pastoral livelihood zone, the decline in TLUs was 33.3 percent among the poor household and 50

percent among the middle income household (Table 6). The decline in TLUs was attributed to previous droughts which resulted to livestock deaths, incidences of livestock diseases outbreaks and

cattle rustling. Poor income households have been unable to restock substantially after death or loss

of livestock. The rate of natural recovery for herds has also been poor due to the successive nature of the shocks such as droughts. Decline in TLUs implies the household will be unable to meet all their

needs from the livestock hence end up being food insecure.

Table 6: Tropical Livestock Units

Birth rate

The livestock births rates were noted to be slightly below normal due to ongoing dry spell and

weakening of livestock body conditions across all the livelihood zones for all livestock species. The

trend will worsen in the next three months due to depletion of available pasture, browse and water

for livestock.

Milk production, consumption and pricing

Most of the cattle milking herds have dried up except camels, due to poor pasture and browse

condition and long trekking distances to watering points which has resulted to weakening of livestock

body condition. Current average milk production per household ranges from nil to less than one litre

compared to two litres normally across all the livelihood zones (Table 7). Milk consumption per

household on the other hand stood at nil to less than one litre compared to two normally. This

represents a decline of more than 50 percent of milk production and consumption in the two

livelihood zones. Milk prices have increased by 66.7 percent when compared to the LTA across all

the livelihood zones. Generally, there was reduced market access for milk by most of vulnerable

households due to the prevailing dry spell, the poor economic situation of most households in the

county and upward trend in prices of the milk available in the market. COVID-19 has also impacted

negatively on the vulnerable households who do not own any milking herds and are unable to buy

milk in the market due to high prices.

Table 7: Milk production, consumption and prices

COVID-19 containment measures have resulted in a general decrease in milk consumption due to

reduced milk supplies as some milk venders and traders have dropped out of the milk market coupled

Livelihood zone Poor income households Medium income households

Current Normal Current Normal

Pastoral 2 4 10 15

Agro-pastoral 2 3 5 10

Livelihood

zone

Milk Production

(Litres)/Household

Milk consumption (Litres)

per Household

Prices (Kshs)/Litre

Current LTA Current LTA Current LTA

Agro-pastoral 0-<1 2 0-<1 2 80-120 60

Pastoral 0-<1 2 0-<1 2 80-120 60

10

with reduced milk demand from consumers reluctant to purchase raw milk from the markets due to

fear of contracting COVID-19 in crowded markets places.

Migration

The county has experienced in- migration of livestock from Wajir and Garissa counties which is

normal during this period. Internal migration within the county to the dry grazing areas of Kom, Urura, Dogogicha, Nyachis and other dry season grazing reserves of Yamicha and Duma have been

witnessed. Livestock from Kinna ward have moved to Meru National Park and surrounding areas while in Oldonyiro ward, cattle have moved out to Laikipia ranches and Samburu County. Cattle and

small stock in Merti and Garbatulla sub-county have migrated to Ewaso Nyiro River basin. An

approximately 80, 60 and 30 percent of cattle, camels and sheep and goat respectively have migrated in the livelihood zones. The implementation of COVID 19 control measures has resulted to increase

in herding costs and high herding labour turn over as herders are required to have sanitizers, soaps and face masks when migrating with livestock as a COVID containment measures.

Livestock Diseases and Mortalities

There was no reported case of disease outbreak in the county. Endemic livestock diseases such as

Anaplasmosis, Lumpy Skin Disease (LSD), Contagious Caprine Pleuro Pneumonia (CCPP), Pestes

Petit Ruminate (PPR), Sheep and Goat pox (S&GP) was noted in all livelihood zones and continued

to pose challenges to pastoralists. Livestock mortality rates for all livestock species in the county

was normal and mostly attributed to natural causes.

COVID-19 containment measures negatively affected disease control in the county in that pastoralists

were unable to get adequate animal health services because resources from county government were

mostly dedicated towards COVID 19 control and prevention measures and other infrastructural

projects such as roads. In general, veterinary drug suppliers are few in the county and coupled with

increase in prices of most drugs, livestock health and productivity has been negatively affected.

Water for Livestock

The current water sources for livestock in both Agro Pastoral and Pastoral livelihood zones are

boreholes, springs, shallow wells, sand dams and Traditional river wells compared to Boreholes,

rivers, springs, water pans and sand dams normally. The variation in the water sources was attributed

to low recharge of open water sources and subsequent drying up of the all water pans due depressed

long rains. The current trekking return distances from grazing area to watering points is 14 km in

Agro Pastoral and approximately 16 km in Pastoral compared to less than 10 kms in all the livelihood

zones normally (Table 8). The watering frequency is after two to three days for goats, sheep and cattle

species compared to daily normally. Camels are watered after every 6 days compared to after every

5 days normally. Shallow wells are expected to last for less than two months compared to four months

normally with worst affected wards being Sericho, Cherab, Garbatulla and Kinna. The current factors

limiting access to water are insecurity especially in Merti and Garbatulla sub-counties. COVID 19

containment measures had very minimal effect on access to water for livestock.

Table 8: Watering frequency (Days per week) Livelihood

zone

Cattle Camels Goats Sheep

Current Normal Current Normal Current Norm

al

Current Norm

al

Pastoral 2 7 After every

6 days

After every 5

days

2-3 7 2-3 7

11

Agro-

pastoral

2 7 After every

6 days

After every 5

days

2-3 7 2-3 7

3.1.4 Impact on Availability

The productivity of the main livelihoods, animal and crop production is depressed following the

below normal performance of the long rains season. The poor or near nil harvest and consequently

the depressed stock levels of food, especially cereals from local production imply that households

will have to raise funds from alternative sources to be able fill the emerging food gap. Livestock

production contributed the major portion to food and income in all livelihood zones. However, the

declining livestock condition and productivity due to insufficient forage and water is hampering food

availability and access. Currently, body condition of most livestock heads except for camel is fair to

poor and thus may not fetch sustainable prices from the market compared to the normal times. At the

same time, the amount of milk produced is low or nil and thus insufficient to satisfy milk and milk

products requirements.

3.2 Access

3.2.1 Market prices

Market operations

The main cereals and livestock markets in the county were operating normally across all the

livelihood zones. The main markets are Isiolo, and Oldonyiro. Other small markets include

Modogashe, Merti, Bisan Biliqo, Kipsing and Garbatulla. Three livestock markets, Belgesh, Duse

and Escot were not operating following a break out of insecurity, after a series of resource-based

conflicts around the areas. Apart from Isiolo market which is secondary market, the rest of markets

get their supply of livestock from the surrounding locations. Isiolo markets get supply from primary

markets across the county and the neighboring counties such as Samburu and Marsabit. Staple food

commodities comprise of maize and its products, rice and beans. Other key food items that

households accessed were sugar, milk, cooking oil, tomatoes, green-leafy vegetables, potatoes,

onions and cabbages.

Prices of staple food commodities are above the LTA. Livestock volumes offered to the markets are

low since majority of the herds have migrated to the dry season grazing reserves. Farmers are also

fearing to offer their livestock at the low prices being offered in the markets amidst the poor marketing

environment occasioned by negative impacts of Covid-19. Majority of pastoral households,

estimated at about 95 percent obtained food commodities from the markets majorly from livestock

sales. In the Agro Pastoral livelihood zone, food produced within their farms provided less than 50

percent of household food requirements and the remaining proportion was sourced from the markets

which was not normal at this period of the year. However, the dependence on markets is likely to

increase as the little available food stocks get depleted.

12

Maize price

There has been a steady increase in maize

prices from the beginning of the year up to

June. The average market price in the month

July 2021 is Kshs. 55.6 which is 11 per cent

above the LTA price of Ksh.50. The increase

in the main cereal’s price is attributed to

declining level of stocks held by households’

majority of whom experienced near-total

failure of their crops. Traders and millers

have also not restocked. Maize price was

however highest in the pastoral livelihood

zone markets where a kilo retailed at a price

13 percent above the LTA. The above

average maize price in some rural markets in

Cherab, Charri and Sericho wards were

attributed to transport costs from the main supply

stores in Isiolo and Maua in Meru County. The price of maize is expected to increase considerably

in the next three months mainly attributed to expected depletion of stocks held by households and

local traders.

Goat price

The average market price in month

of July 2021 for a middle sized goat

was Kshs. 3,194 which was 11

percent below thee LTA. The price

varied across the livelihoods

depending on the proximity to

operational livestock markets and

availability of buyers. The price has

been stable but on declining. The

marketing environment is bearing

the brunt of the prevailing

economic slowdown occasioned

by impacts of Covid-19 pandemic.

The other contributing factor could be the

Deteriorating body condition as shortage of forage and water deepens across the livelihood zones.

Goat price is expected to decline gradually in the next three months as forage shortage deepens and

distance increase to watering points.

Figure 3: Average small stock (goat) price (Ksh)

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Pri

ce (

Ksh

.)

Average (2016-2020) 2020 2021

44

46

48

50

52

54

56

58

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep OctNovDec

Pri

ce (

Ksh

. /

kg)

Average (2016-2020) 2020 2021

Figure 3: Maize prices

13

Terms of Trade (ToT)

The ToT in the month of July 2021 was

58 kg of maize after sale of a two-year

goat, which h is 3.4 percent which was

equivalent to the LTA. The ratio has been

declining steadily due to the rise in maize

market price as stocks decline. The ToT

which is an indicative of the prevailing

household’s purchasing power, was 16

percent below the LTA in the pastoral

livelihood zone. The county overall ToT

is expected to reduce in the following

three months owing to projected

reduction in livestock market prices and

increase in maize price.

3.2.3 Income sources

Main sources of income in both the pastoral and agro- pastoral zone

is sale of livestock, mainly goat and sheep which are easier sell within primary and rural markets.

The small stocks are also easier to transport to markets in bikes, lorries and buses. Other sources of

income in the Agro Pastoral livelihood zone include sale of onions, vegetables, tomatoes and

pawpaws. Income sources are normal at this time of the year. Petty trade and casual jobs in irrigation

farms and construction sites are the major income generating options largely available in the casual-

labor livelihood zone.

3.2.4 Water Access and Availability

The main water sources for domestic

use were boreholes, rivers, shallow

wells, sand dams and traditional river

wells (Figure 6). The county residents

mainly rely on rivers Ewaso Nyiro,

Isiolo and Bisan Adhi as major water

sources in the county during the rains

and drought periods.

Some sections of the county such as

Oldonyiro and Kipsing, have poor

water supplies and residents rely on

sand dams built along the temporary

river beds. Locations such as Sericho

and Iresaboru in Sericho ward,

Garbatulla sub-county and Korbesa, Malkagalla, Saleti and Matarba in Merti sub-county access water

from shallow wells dug along the Ewaso Nyiro flood basin which has dried up stream. Households

in Isiolo Central especially in Burat and Bulapesa wards access water from River Isiolo though the

flow volumes are on a decline trend day by day due to over utilization by farmers and Isiolo town

residents. River Bisanadi in Kinna has water flowing but the volumes are reducing due to abstraction

upstream.

Figure 4: Main sources of water

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Kilo

gra

ms

of m

aiz

e

exch

an

ged

fo

r a g

oat

Terms of tradeAverage (2016-2020) 2020 2021

Figure 5: Terms of Trade

14

The general water access situation in the county is poor as majority of surface sources were partially

recharged. Highest recharge in water pans was about 85 percent in Sericho ward, Garbatulla sub-

county and lowest at approximately 10-30 percent in Cherab ward, Merti sub-county where least

rainfall was experienced. On the other hand, the recharge levels of main rivers and boreholes ranged

between 40 to 60 percent.

Approximately 95 percent of water pans have dried up. Water levels in shallow wells has also

declined as result of reduction of river flows and drying up of some of the rivers such as River Ewaso

Nyiro and Rikiundu. The number of boreholes that are functional with normal yield are

approximately 91 percent though the yield may reduce due to poor cumulative recharge during the

below average performance of previous two rainy seasons. Wards with points with high human

concentrations at water points include Sericho, Kinna , Garbatulla ward and Oldonyiro in Isiolo sub-

county as well as Cherab and Chari in Merti sub-county. The overall water situation in all the

livelihood zones in the county is below normal when compared to same time last year. Boreholes in

Beltume, Yamicha, Duma and Modogashe were destroyed due to escalating conflicts while one of

the borehole in Iresaboru was destroyed by flood hence are not operational. The water in pans

currently holding water are expected to last for two weeks while shallow wells are expected to last

for 2 months when compared to four and six months normally. Majority of sand dams mainly in

Oldonyiro ward are expected to last for a period of three months when compared to six months

normally.

Distance to water sources

Households in Pastoral livelihood zones covered an average return distance of 2-5km which is

considered to be moderately longer when compared to the normal distance of about 1-2.5km.

Households in Agro Pastoral livelihood zones accessed water at a relative short distance of 1-2km

which was normal. In Sericho ward, Garbatulla sub-county, several areas such as Biliqi, Gubatu,

Iresaboru and Modogashe are facing moderate to acute water shortages. The same water stress is

being experienced in Cherab ward in Korbesa, Alango, Dadacha Basa and neighboring locations. In

Oldonyiro ward, Isiolo sub-county, areas experiencing water shortages are Tuale, Nooroloi, Lpusi,

and Lebarasherek.

Waiting time at the source

The average waiting time at water points in all the livelihood zone ranged between 20 to 30 minutes

compared to 20 minutes during normally. However, waiting time was relatively higher in boreholes

powered with solar energy. The waiting time in Pastoral and Agro Pastoral livelihood zones where

main water sources are rivers, traditional river wells and sand dams was estimated to be about five

and ten minutes. The time spent while queuing in some casual waged livelihood zones, in Mwangaza,

Wabera, Bulapesa and Kambi ya Juu in Isiolo town ranged between 15 to 30 minutes which was

noted to be normal. There were no areas with abnormal population numbers crowding at any given

time apart from areas such as Kulamawe attributed to fewer water distribution points.

Cost of water

Cost of water is affordable in most parts of the county as residents are charged a small fee to cater

for pumping operations for borehole water in the Pastoral and Agro Pastoral livelihood zones. In

established market centres and urban areas, the commodity is channeled to water kiosks where

households are able access it at a short distance from their homesteads. The water management

committees in urban settlements in Sericho, Bulesa and Charri wards charge an average of Ksh 2.00

per 20 jerrican while in other areas such as Malkadaka, Gafarsa, Garbatulla sub-county as well as

Merti township the charge was a monthly rate of Kshs. 200. Water is free in the Sericho and Kinna

15

locations. A 20 litre jerrican was being sold at Kshs. 5.00 in Dadacha Basa and exceptionally high in

the Pastoral Modogashe where water vendors charge households Kshs. 10 per 20 litre jerrican.

Water consumption

Average water consumption in Agro Pastoral livelihood zone stands at an average of 20 litres per

person per day compared to 40 litres normally while in Pastoral livelihood zones the average daily

water consumption was 7.5 liters per person per day when compared to 20 litres per person per day

normally. The below normal consumption is attributed to the lower than average recharge levels due

to the poor performance of the long rains. The consumption was low in water scarce hotspots in

Pastoral livelihood zones such as Sericho, Biliqi, Gubatu, Iresaboru. Modogashe. Cherab Alango,

Dadacha Basa and neighboring locations where water trucking intervention was the only source. The

consumption for herding households was about 5 litres per person per day due to water scarcity.

3.2.5 Food Consumption

Food Consumption Score (FCS)

The proportion of households with poor

FCS was 8.4 and 6.7 percent in Pastoral and

Agro pastoral livelihood zones

respectively. On the other hand, the

proportion of households who have

borderline food consumption was 21.1,

18.2 and 22.4 percent in the Pastoral, Agro

Pastoral and casual-waged livelihood zones

respectively. Households who have

acceptable food consumption was 70.5,

75.1 and 77.6 percent in Pastoral, Agro

Pastoral and casual-waged labor livelihood

zones respectively as shown in figure 7.

Households in borderline food

consumption consumed staples and

vegetables every day accompanied by oil and pulses a few times during the seven-day recall period.

Dietary diversity especially in the larger Pastoral livelihood zone was poor, a scenario that is blamed

on poor availability of the required food groups. Access to the rich variety of foods is also hindered

by transport challenges from production and growing zones to markets.

Milk consumption

The average fresh milk consumption per household per day was nil to less than 1 litre compared to

short term average of 2 litres across the livelihood zones. Majority of the milk consumed was

obtained from camels as the cows and goats produced insignificant amounts or none. A proportion

of households who do not own camels relied on milk bought from their counterparts keeping the

camel at a price ranging from Kshs.80 to Kshs. 120 per litre or bought packet milk from the market.

The fresh milk at its current price is only affordable to a few households with higher incomes

especially in Isiolo market where the fresh product is being retailed at Ksh.120 per litre.

0.0

20.0

40.0

60.0

80.0

100.0

120.0

Pastoral Agro-pastoral Casual Wagedlabour

Food Consumption Score June, 2021

Poor Borderline Acceptable

Figure 5: Food Consumption Score

16

Coping Strategies

The current reduced coping strategies index (CSI) stands at 11.8 having

portrayed an increasing trend since March this year. The current CSI is

slightly above last year’s index of

10.9, implying that strategies being employed currently slightly exceed

those of last year. This is more pronounced among herding

households whose access to food is

limited to due to poor access to livestock and food commodity

markets. This could also be attributed to lower food availability as well as

accessibility especially, milk and

vegetables that are now declining especially in the pastoral livelihood

zone.

Most households reporting unstable food security reduced the number of meals while going for the

less preferred and/or expensive foods. Some in this category are taking credit from their rural Fast

Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) retailers and neighbors. Other commonly employed coping

strategies are reduction in portion or size of meals and borrowing. Households in the pastoral

livelihood zone employed more coping strategies when compared to their counterparts in the agro-

pastoral and casual waged labor/employment zones.

3.3 Utilization

3.3.1 Morbidity and mortality patterns

Under Fives

The most common ailments among under 5 years remain Upper Respiratory Tract Infection (URTI),

Diarrhea and malaria with a slight increase noted in the months of April, May and June this year for URTI and Diarrhea. For the general population URTI, UTI, Malaria, skin and eye diseases were the

most common ailments in the county. The community mostly sought health services from the Health facilities with some of the hard to reach areas covered through Integrated Outreaches. The Diarrhea

cases in children under 5 years increased by 22 percent in Jan - June 2021 compared to Jan- June

2020 across the county. The increase in Diarrhea can be attributed to acute water shortage currently being experienced in some parts of Isiolo, Merti and Garbatulla sub counties which resulted to poor

hygiene practices. There was slight increase in URTI cases by 5.3 percent from Jan – June 2021 compared to same period last year due to improved health seeking behaviors at health facilities that

led to an increase in cases recorded. Uptake of health and nutrition services in the period of Jan –

June 2020 was hampered by the stigma and anxiety surrounding COVID 19 as opposed to this year where the county has seen a progressive increase in the number of cases received as a result of

improved health seeking behavior with better awareness and containment measures.

General population

The URTI cases increased by 5 percent among general population in the period Jan to June 2021 compared to same period last year. The increase in the cases can be attributed to improved health

seeking behavior during this period when compared to same time last year that was characterized

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

Pastoral Agro-pastoral Casual Wagedlabour

Me

an C

SIMonth

Isiolo County - Coping Strategies Index

Figure 6: Reduced Coping Strategies Index (rCSI)

17

with anxiety and stigma due to Covid-19. Acute water shortages in Isiolo, Merti and Garbatulla sub counties resulted in increase in Diarrhea cases by 12 percent between Jan - June 2021 compared to

the same period in 2020. The water shortage are attributed to depressed 2021 long rains which were

experienced in the county which resulted to poor hygiene practices. There were no major diseases outbreak reported during the period under review. There was significant decrease in malaria cases by

55 percent in Jan – June 2021 when compared to the same period in 2020. This decrease in malaria cases was as a result of good uptake of immunization services where the Pregnant Lactating Women

are provided with treated mosquito nets and health education at facility level where the household

were taught on the need to prevent and control malaria through clearing of bushes and grasses, draining stagnant water and sleeping under treated mosquito nets.

3.3.2 Vitamin A Supplementation (VAS) and Immunization

Vitamin A supplementation increased

to 82.7 percent in Jan – June 2021 compared to 48.8 percent same period

in 2020 for children aged 6 to 11

months. For children aged 12 to 59 months Vitamin A supplementation

decreased from 125.6 percent recorded in Jan – June to 19.3 percent in Jan-

June 2021 which is below the National

target of 80 percent (figure 9). The increase VAS for children aged 6-11

months is attributed to the interventions such as ECD

supplementation and Community level

mobilization and supplementation employed to ensure an adequate

coverage.

According to DHIS 2021, the proportion of Fully Immunized Children (FIC) decreased slightly from

77.3 percent Jan- June 2020 compared to 70.6 percent in Jan -June 2021.There was a decrease in

measles coverage by card at 9 and 18 months from 72 to 61 percent and 55 to 36 percent respectively. The decrease in immunization can be attributed to long distances to the health facilities, acute antigen

shortages in most health facilities, low integration of outreach interventions, poor linkages in community- facility, poor defaulter tracing and fear of contracting Covid-19. The County Department

through the Community Health System has intensified information sharing, follow-up and defaulter

tracing mechanisms to ensure the uptake of services is sustained.

3.3.3 Nutrition Status and Dietary Diversity

Dietary diversity

Dietary diversity was poor across the livelihood zones with majority of the households consuming two meals a day with an average of four food groups daily. This was common for both children under

5years and adults. In pastoral livelihood zone where milk was available, children below 5years were

able to take at a least glass of milk while adults commonly consume milk in tea. Poor dietary diversity was as a result of knowledge gap on dietary diversity and culture among the population. Covid-19

impacted negatively dietary diversity with a notable increase on commodities prices making food access difficult and in turn affecting dietary diversity.

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

Jan -june 2020 Jan - June 2021

Pro

po

rtio

n o

f ch

ildre

n

Axis Title

Vitamin A Supplementation

Children 6 to 11 months Children 12 to 59 months

Figure 9: Vitamin A Supplementation

18

Nutrition status

Proportion of children who are severely and moderately malnourished in July were 3 and

7.2 percent respectively (Figure 10). The prevailing rate is 58 percent below the short-

term average rate of malnutrition of 17

percent. The highest rate of malnutrition was in the pastoral livelihood zone and more

pronounced in Cherab ward, Merti sub-county. The main causes of malnutrition in

the county include food insecurity, sub

optimal young child feeding and care practices, poor dietary diversity, poor

hygiene and sanitation leading to epidemic prone illnesses that have an effect on

nutritional status, migration patterns and low access to essential nutrition services. There were

marginal differences across the livelihood zones.

Admission and program trends

New admission trends increased marginally

in 2021compared to 2020. For the program

trends there was a decrease of 50 percent in Outpatient therapeutics feeding in 2021

when compared to 2020 due to program defaulting. The decrease in admissions can

be attributed to improved health seeking

behavior arising from family MUAC interventions in 17 community units. There

was an increase of 34 percent in admission trends for supplementary feeding attributed

to improved health seeking behavior among

the households and reduction in Covid-19

stigma.

3.3.5 Public Interventions, Risk communication and Community level Actions

Health and Nutrition Sector COVID -19

The continuous sensitization and awareness creation on Covid-19 has helped reduce most of challenges that were associated with Covid-19 as experienced in 2020 compared to 2021. Service

delivery continues through the various platforms such as static health facilities, Community Health strategy and Outreach services. However, social distancing, face masking, access to water and low

uptake of the vaccines continue to hinder control and preventive measures.

The health sector and other stakeholders put efforts in mitigating the effects of the pandemic on access of essential health and nutrition services in the following ways; continued sensitization of health

workers, CHV’s and the community; distribution of essential supplies (PPE’s) to CHV’s; training of caregivers on home-based screening for acute malnutrition; routine coordination forums on health

and nutrition and rollout of Covid-19 vaccination targeting essential service providers

Social safety programmes

There are a number of social safety net programs implemented in the county to improve nutrition status with the support of the following partners implement;

13.2% 12.3%

18.2%

13.8%

9.2%

16.7%

1.7% 1.2%

3.3%2.6%

0.7% 1.50%

2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

Trends in prevalence of SAM and GAM; Weight for height z-score

GAM (%) SAM (%)

Figure 7: Trends in prevalence of SAM and GAM

Figure 10: Proportion of children under risk of malnutrition

19

• Cash transfers by NAWIRI- 1,300 Households

• Action Against Hunger- 1,150 Households

• WFP-1,700 Households

• Cartitas-800 Households

• FAO/MID-P-1,000 Households where households with members with acute malnutrition are

included.

3.3.6 Coordination and leadership in Covid-19 pandemic preparedness and response

There exists various coordination mechanisms in the County domiciled within Department of Health and other sectors. The County Nutrition Technical Forum is functional at County level, meetings are

held on a quarterly basis while at the Sub County level, meetings are held on a monthly basis.

There exists a Multi Stakeholder Platform for Nutrition that brings together relevant sectors and partners in support of Food and Nutrition Security in the County. The MSP is functional and

coordinated by the Office of the County Secretary with meetings held on quarterly/Monthly basis as stipulated in the TOR for the various levels. Nutrition is represented in the County Covid-19

Response TWG that meets on an ad hoc basis to discuss issues related to COVID response. Meeting

is chaired by Director of Health.

3.3.7 Sanitation and Hygiene

According to Isiolo Nutrition smart survey done in February 2020 there was a significance increase

in proportion of households practicing open defecation across the county at 24.4 percent while 64.6

percent households have access to latrines. According to the survey about 27.2 percent of households

in the county treat drinking water, with use of chemicals being the most commonly used method at

74.9 percent, boiling at 31.3 percent, use of traditional herbs at 0.6 percent and pot filters at 2.2

percent. The little water available in water pans and rivers is contaminated and needs treatment before

household consumption. Water from shallow wells is also contaminated because most of the shallow

wells are not protected and rivers are polluted by humans where they wash clothes and take bath

directly from the river while animals also drink water directly from the river. Majority of the

boreholes have salty water in varying degrees.

3.4 Trends of key food security indicators

Table 9: Food security trends in Isiolo County Indicator Short rains assessment, Feb 2021 Long rains assessment, July 2021

% of maize stocks held by

households (agro-pastoral)

12.3% 11.6%

Livestock body condition Cattle- Good

Sheep- Good

Goat- Good

Camel- Good

Cattle- Fair

Sheep- Fair

Goat- Fair

Camel- Good

Water consumption (litres

per person per day)

20 Pastoral – 5 to 7.5

Agro Pastoral - 20

Price of maize (per kg) 49 55

Distance to grazing 15.2 Pastoral – 16KM

Agro pastoral - 14KM

Terms of trade (pastoral

zone)

71 60

Coping strategy index 8.3 11.83

Food consumption score 76.8 Acceptable – 74.4

Border line – 20.6

Poor – 5.0

20

3.5 Education

3.5.1 Enrolment

Enrolment of boys in ECD increased by four percent while that of Girls increased by five percent

reflecting an overall average increase of 4.5 percent in May when compared to January 2021. In

primary school level, there was an increase in enrollment of five and six percent among boys and

girls respectively which reflected an overall average increase of 5.5 percent. The same trend was

observed at the secondary school level where enrolment increased by two percent for both boys and

girls. The reasons for increases in enrollment for both boys and at the ECD level were attributed to

availability of school feeding programmes and CSB porridge. Increases in enrolment in primary

schools for both boys and girls was due to presence of school feeding program and transfer from

private to public schools from within and outside the county as result of decreased household

incomes. At the secondary school the observed slight increase in number of boys and girls in schools

can be attributed to transfers of students from boarding schools in other counties to local day schools

to the county due to high cost of education in the boarding schools.

3.5.2 Effect of Covid-19 on Schools

The adherence to MOH Covid-19 protocols of wearing face masks, social distancing and hand

washing was between 50 to 80 percent at all levels. Wearing of face masks was at 50, 60 and 80

percent at ECD, primary and secondary school respectively. Implementation of social distancing

protocol was at 50 percent in ECD and Primary schools and 60 percent at secondary schools while

hand washing was at 60, 50 and 70 percent at ECD, primary and secondary school respectively.

3.5.3 Effects of 2021 Long Rains on Schools

The 2021 long rains received in the county were very depressed across the livelihood zones. However, seven schools (6 primary and 1 secondary) experienced some damages occasioned by

strong winds and floods which were experienced in some parts of the county. At Iresaboru primary school in Garbatulla, experienced flooding that was caused by overflow of water from R. Ewaso

Nyiro. At Kinna primary school in Kinna ward in Garbatulla, roofs for 2 classrooms were blown off

by wind. Another Sub county affected by floods and heavy wind was Isiolo where at Wabera ward one roof of a primary school was blown off by wind and 2 others flooded. Another school at

Oldonyiro had also its roof top blown off as well. The effect of these phenomena was destruction of stationary (books and reading materials), collapse of semi-permanent classrooms and deposition of

mud in schools making them inaccessible by both teachers and learners. There was no school in the

county sheltering IDPS.

3.5.4 School Feeding

The number of schools in the county providing ISMP School feeding programmes were 116 which

benefited 29778 learners (14,415 boys and 15,363 girls). On the other hand a total of 15415 ECDE

learners (7696 boys and 7719 girls) from 158 ECDE’S in public primary schools accessed porridge

and shared meals with their colleagues in primary schools. In secondary schools, 5313 students (2535

boys and 2778 girls) from day schools had meals supported by their guardians through In-kind school

meals programme.

The school meals had a positive impact on access, participation and retention in the county because

it resulted to improved performance, increased attendance across all levels, increased enrolment at

ECD and lower primary schools levels, reduced age of entry into schools and led to higher percentage

of retention and completion across all levels. All public primary and secondary schools had meals

programme. However 158 Public ECDE Centres with an enrolment of 15415 learners (14415 boys

21

and 15363 girls) did not have any meals programme but depended on the SMP from the Ministry of

education.

About 228 (130 boys and 58 girls) students in secondary schools across the county missed meals as

they could not afford the parents supported meals programme. In the provision of school meals

programmes the county faces several challenges as enumerated below:-

Transportation of food. Due to vastness of the county, transportation of food from the county headquarters to sub counties and to schools is very high.

Spoilage of food due to poor storage in schools. Most stores are in poor state, hence rice sometimes is destroyed.

Theft of school meals. Due to insecurity food is lost due to theft for example, in May and June 2021,

5 Schools in Burat ward lost food worth Kshs.180, 000 due to theft cases. In secondary schools, most students could afford to pay for food due to drought and loss of livelihood

by the guardians. The county did not receive cash transfers to schools to finance school meals, however all public schools were receiving FPE capitation funds. In secondary schools all the 26 day

schools has an In-kind School meals programme supported by parents. However, the county does not

have any community supported programme due to high poverty levels. Expanded school meals programme to cater for ECDE pupils and secondary schools is recommended to ensure retention and

transition in schools. Storage of food should also be enhanced as the stores in the primary schools are in bad state leading to food spoilage.

3.5.5 Inter-sector links

Water Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH)

The available WASH facilities within the schools in the county were inadequate in meeting the needs

of the learners. At the ECD level 84 centres in Chari, Cherab, Kinna and Oldonyiro were depending on latrines in primary schools which to some extent were not age friendly while 29 primary and nine

secondary in the same areas had inadequate latrines. Nine primary schools and one secondary lacked handwashing facilities across the county. The number of schools with no access to safe drinking water

(functional source within 100m radius) were 21 at ECD, 21 at primary school level and 6 at the

secondary school level in Sericho, Chari, Cherab and Oldonyiro.

Menstrual support/dignity kits for school going girls

All primary schools received sanitary towels in January 2021 from the Government. Other

organizations that provided the dignity kits included- World vision, Mercy corps, Pacesetters and

Beyond zero. The provision of dignity kits reduced absenteeism, drop outs, improved girls esteem,

encouraged participation in co-curricular activities and enhanced academic performance. Due to the

depletion of pasture in Oldonyiro grazing areas, attendance of pupils to schools was affected as pupils

followed animals from Oldonyiro to Merti, Laikipia and Baringo counties. A school such as Nooloroi

had 33 out of 77 pupils absent due to nomadism. In Cherab, Urula primary school had closed down

due to insecurity and all learners settled in Dadachabasa primary school. This led to congestion and

pressure on the existing facilities.

4.0 FOOD SECURITY PROGNOSIS

4.1 Prognosis Assumptions • Based on NMME and WMO forecasts, the October-December 2021 short rains season is most

likely to be below-average with an onset beginning in late October accompanied with high

average temperatures

• The forecasted below-average October to December short rains are expected to provide only

short-lived improvements in rangeland resources followed by a rapid degradation driven by

22

overgrazing and above-average temperatures through January 2022. The continued high temperatures are expected to drive a rapid deterioration of rangeland resources

• Livestock migration are expected to increase in incidences of livestock disease outbreaks and

resource-based conflicts where livestock congregate in large numbers. Low livestock

conception and birth

• Birth rates are expected from mid-November, driving below-average household milk

availability and related income.

• Sustained high food prices and low livestock prices due to depressed crop production and

further deterioration of livestock body condition

5.2 Food Security Outlook

Food Security Outcomes for August, September and October 2021

Below average total household income is expected driven by below-average livestock prices, along

with below-average milk sales and off-farm casual labor. The accelerated deterioration of rangeland

resources and increased livestock trekking distances will result to further decline in livestock body

condition and productivity, driving more intensified migration to dry season grazing and also

migration further into neighboring counties. Household milk availability and consumption will

decline with the deterioration in livestock body conditions, as increased migration reduces livestock

prices and milk access. Food Consumption is expected to deteriorate considerably in the next three

months as food availability and access challenges deepen due to expected rise in staple food price

and declining purchasing power in all livelihood zones. Households are also likely to increase

consumption-based coping strategies like reducing the number of daily meals, eating less preferred

foods, limiting adult intake for children to eat, and borrowing food from friends and relatives. From

August, households will likely intensify the application of stress and crisis livelihood coping

strategies such as the sale of more animals than usual and reducing health expenditure. As the drought

conditions persist, households are expected to depend on emergency safety nets to mitigate the below-

average food and income levels. Households are also expected to increase their dependence on

purchasing food with credit, support from government safety nets, and emergency food assistance.

Humanitarian assistance is expected to continue as vulnerable and food-insecure households are

supported by a combination of national and county governments and humanitarian agencies. Maize

prices and prices of other food commodities are expected to remain above the long term average due

to the depressed harvests experienced during the season that has driven household stocks to far below

the long term averages. There are high expectation of outbreak of Kalazaar, a disease associated with

fly bites on people roaming around previously swampy areas. Diarrhoea ailments could rise

especially in areas where households are still accessing water from water pans, unprotected sand

dams and shallow wells. Consequently, the reducing amounts of water available for consumption

may negatively affect personal as well as household hygiene. The nutrition status of children under

5 years will continue to deteriorate further as a result of declined milk consumption occasioned by

an intensified livestock migration. Acute malnutrition is expected to remain Critical due to reduced

milk access during the anticipated longer dry period.

Outlook for November to January

The forecasted below-average October to December short rains are expected to provide only short-

lived improvements in rangeland resources followed by a rapid degradation driven by overgrazing

and above-average temperatures through January 2022. The continued high temperatures are

expected to drive a rapid deterioration of rangeland resources. The productivity of the livestock will

sink further, as the poor environmental conditions will find already weak animals and depleted

sources of water for watering of livestock and humans. The body conditions of the animals will not

23

achieve any substantial level of recovery, as there will be no forage which might result in livestock

deaths. The ensuing scenario will worsen milk production towards negligible amounts. Food

consumption at the household level will worsen owing to the stressed productivity of all livestock

species and depressed crop production, where purchasing power will be expected to significantly

eroded. The further emaciation of livestock will drive market prices to be below than normal. This

will exacerbate the inability of households to obtain sufficient food to meet daily dietary

requirements. Households will employ severe coping strategies, the food-based strategies and the

livelihood coping strategies. Nutrition status due to failure to obtain sufficient food for all members

of the households, is likely to increase the rate of malnutrition might during the period. Death of

livestock will be highly anticipated and is expected to begin as a result of persistent forage and water

shortage. The price of food commodities will continue to be above the long term averages.

5.0 CONCLUSION AND INTERVENTIONS

5.1 Conclusion

5.1.1 Summary of findings

The 2021 long rains started late and ceased in the 2-dekad of May which was earlier than normal.

The performance was characterized by poor temporal and spatial distribution. The average rainfall

experienced was depressed, ranging from 5 to 75 percent of the normal amounts. The impact of the

rains on pasture and browse was sub-optimal. The ensuing regeneration of natural vegetation was

poor especially at the traditional grazing areas implying the forage was quickly exhausted triggering

internal and external livestock migrations earlier than normal. Water scarcity is affecting normal

livelihood production as a result of poor surface and underground water recharge to both permanent

and temporary water sources. The inadequate recharge has led to adoption of rationing schedules

affecting several locations across the livelihood zones to allow substantial amounts to be available

for domestic as well as livestock without causing conflicts among the various category of users.

Majority of residents especially in the pastoral and agro-pastoral livelihood zone did not treat water

before drinking therefore standing an increased risk to water borne diseases.

Crop production was greatly affected by the depressed performance of the rains which led to massive

crop failures, both for cereals and legumes. The failure was exacerbated by poor recharge to rivers

and temporary sources of water leading to low volumes, implying that small scale irrigation along

rivers, had to be scaled down, forcing earlier than normal water rationing. There was poor harvests,

a factor that led to few stocks than normal of staple foods held by households and other agents. Attack

of crops by Fall Army Worms, more so cereal crops contributed to the poor harvests realized.

The implication of prevailing terms of trade of 60kg for a sale of a medium sized goat being

marginally above the long-term average is that households have moderately weak purchasing power.

Their ability to access the required food basket in required diversity is fair and expected to

significantly to decline thus affecting food consumption. A considerably good proportion of the

households 70.5 percent in pastoral livelihood zone, had acceptable food consumption, an indication

that they are able to take meals at an acceptable frequency comprising of cereals served with

vegetables, high value proteins. At the same time, 21.1 percent of the households had a borderline

food consumption. The other 8.4 percent who had poor consumption, skipped meals sometimes for

an entire day and consumed cereals with vegetables and tea occasionally. The current reduced coping

strategies index (CSI) stands at 11.8 and is slightly above last year’s index of 10.9. This is more

pronounced among herding households whose access to food is limited to due to poor access to

24

livestock and food commodity markets. The level of consumption contributed partially to the

prevailing rate of malnutrition at 10.6 percent (classified as Serious –Using IPC Acute Food

Insecurity Reference Table) among children (under 5-years) is worrying and needs further attention

to ascertain and respond where possible.

5.1.2 Phase Classification

The county is therefore classified at Integrated Food Security Phase Classification, “Crisis” IPC 3.

5.1.3 Sub-county Ranking

The sub-county ranking indicates the level of the severity of food security in various sub counties

with the sub county ranked number one (1) having the more severe food insecurity situation.

Table 10: Sub-County and Ward Ranking

Sub-County Rank Reasons

Merti 1 Insecurity at border points with Wajir

Poor road network

Invasive species I.e prosopis juliflora

Water scarcity and poor underground water potential

High rate of malnutrition among children

Garbatulla 2 Water sources are dry

Distance and access to markets are poor

Insecurity

High cases of malnutrition

Water scarcity and poor underground water potential

Isiolo 3 Received low rainfalls than

Poor pasture condition

Insecurity

Ward Rank Reasons

Cherab 1 Insecurity

Poor road network

Invasive species I.e prosopis juliflora

Water scarcity and poor underground water potential

High rate of malnutrition among children.

Sericho 2 Water sources are dry

Distance and access to markets are poor

Insecurity

High cases of malnutrition

Water scarcity and poor underground water potential

Oldonyiro 3 Land degradation

Poor access to health facilities

No irrigation water

Quality of water is also poor.

Poor underground water potential

Charri 4 Poor access to markets

Water scarcity

Insecurity

25

Garbatulla 5 No access to markets due to collapse of markets

Prone to resource-based and border conflicts

Poor road networks

Risk of crop failure because R. Ewaso Nyiro is dry.

Kinna 6 Food security

Insecurity.

Poor access to health facilities

High influx of livestock

Ngaremara 7 Received more rainfall than Burat

Conservation of pasture is good in Ngaremara because of the

conservancies

Insecurity

High influx of livestock

Burat 8 Received low rainfalls than Cherab as compared to normal

Poor pasture condition

Insecurity

High illiteracy levels

Central

(wabera &

B/Pesa

9 High unemployment rate

5.2 Ongoing Interventions

5.2.1 Food Interventions

There are a number of social safety net programs implemented in the county to improve nutrition status with the support of the following partners implement;

• Cash transfers by NAWIRI- 1,300 Households

• Action Against Hunger- 1,150 Households

• WFP-1,700 Households

• Cartitas-800 Households

• FAO/MID-P-1,000 Households where households with members with acute malnutrition are included.

5.2.2 Non-Food Interventions

Agriculture Sector (Crop Production)

Immediate interventions

Sub

County

Intervention Ward No. of

benefici

aries

Proposed

Implementers

Required

Resources

Available

Resources

Time

Frame

Isiolo,

Merti

Garbatula

Provision of certified

seeds

All 10

wards

12000 County Govt

National Govt &

WFP, We World,

FAO, KCSAP

Funds

[15M]

1.5M Aug-Sept

2021

Isiolo

Merti

Garbatula

Crop Pests and

decease control

All 10

Wards

12000 County Govt

National Govt &

WFP, We World,

FAO, KCSAP

Funds

chemicals

2m - Aug.-Dec.

2021

26

Isiolo

Merti

Garbatula

Farmers training on

crop husbandry and

post- harvest

management

All 10

wards

3M County Govt

National Govt &

WFP, We World,

FAO, KCSAP

funds 2M Aug-

Dec.2021

Isiolo

Merti

Garbatula

Rehabilitation of

irrigation canals

All 10

wards

6000 County Govt

National Govt &

WFP, We World,

FAO, KCSAP

funds 6M Aug-Sept

2021

Isiolo

Merti

Garbatula

Enhancement of

tractor services

All 10

wards

12000 County Govt

National Govt &

WFP, We World,

FAO, KCSAP

funds 3M Aug-sept

2021

Isiolo

Garbatulla

Merti

Farmers compensation

for crops destruction

by wildlife

All 10

wards

2000 Kenya wildlife

services

funds 1OM Aug.2021

Isiolo

Merti

garbatula

Installation of

sanitizer booths water

tanks and soap in

markets

All wards 50000 County Govt

National Govt &

WFP, We World,

FAO, KCSAP

funds 10M Aug.2021+

Medium term/Long-Term Interventions

Garbatulla,

Isiolo,

Burat

Nutrition sensitive

interventions

Promotion of drought

tolerant crops, orange-

sweet potatoes, Iron

rich beans

OLDONY

IRO

BURAT

Ngaremar

a

6,500 Count Government

WFP,

KSAP

40m 3m 2022

Garbatulla,

Isiolo

Capacity building of

farmers and extension

staff

OLDONY

IRO

BURAT

Ngaremar

a

10000 Count Government

WFP,

KSAP

6m 0.5m 2022

Isiolo

Water harvesting for

irrigation

OLDONY

IRO

BURAT

Ngaremar

a

8000 Count/National

governments,

WFP, KSAP

Funds

(300M)

10m 2021+

Garbatula Water harvesting for

irrigation

Kina

Sericho

Garbatula

3000 County/National

Governments,

WFP

Funds

(300M)

8m 2021+

Merti Water harvesting for

irrigation

Chari

Cherab

1000 County Govt

National Govt

Funds

(200M)

2m 2021+

Livestock Sector (Livestock production)

Ongoing Interventions

Cou

nty

Sub County Intervention No. of

beneficia

ries

Implementers Impacts

on food

security

Cost (

Kshs)

Time

Frame

IMMEDIATE

27

Isiol

o

Isiolo/ Garbatlla

Merti

Disease surveillance all County Govt,

DRIC (VSF)

ILRI/FAO

Isiolo/

Garbatlla/Merti

Vaccination against PPR,

CCPP, sheep and goat pox

1500H/H RPLRP/KCSA

P/ FAO/VSF

Isiolo

Garbatulla

Supporting of vulnerable

households with pullets

(5000)

1000 FAO/VSF

Isiolo / garbatulla Training camel producers and

other actors on milk hygiene

300H/H VSF/Biovision/

livestock dept

Isiolo/Garbatulla Training of community

disease reporters

100 VSF/WFP/ILR

I

MEDIUM AND LONG TERM

Isiolo/Merti/Garb

atulla

Development of rangeland

management policy and bill

All NRT, VSF,

WFP, county

government

Isiolo Completion and

operationalization of Isiolo

abattoir

all County

government,

KCSAP

Isiolo/Merti/Garb

atulla

Fodder production and

marketing

10,000

H/H

County Govt,

VSF, WFP

Water Sector

Sub

County

Intervention

Ward/Loc

ation

No. of

beneficia

ries

Implemente

rs

Impacts in

terms of

food

security

Cost

Time

Fram

e

Implementati

on Status (%

of

completion)

Immediate On-going Interventions (Water)

Isiolo

Sub

County

Extension of pipeline

from water sources to

control congestion

and to improve access

Ngaremara

(Aukot,

Shambani)

1000 World

Vision, Red

Cross, Water

Dept

Improved

access to

water

14m

(Shambani

)6m

(Aukot)

Augu

st

2021

60%

(Shambani)

90% (Aukot)

CHERA

B

-Water trucking Korbesa,

Malkagalla

, Saleti,

Biliqi noor

6,000 Water Dept Alternative

access to

water for

HH use

40m Marc

h-

June

Intervention

stopped

temporarily

due to lack of

funds

-Repair &

maintenance of

Boreholes

Alango 1,200 Water

dept

Improved

access to

water HH

0.8m June-

July

Ongoing

CHARI Repairs &

maintenance of

boreholes and the

pipeline

Bisan

Biliqo,

Bulesa

6,000 Water Dept Improved

access to

water HH

1.5m June-

July

Ongoing

28

Garbatull

a

Digging and

equipping of

Diredima shallow

wells

Garbatulla 800 Dedha

(grazing

committee)

Community

Improved

access to

water HH

and

Livestock

1m May-

Septe

mber

80% complete

and ongoing

Medium and Long term on-going interventions

Cherab Work on Merti-

Matarba-korbesa

water pipeline 23km

Matarba-

Saleti-

Korbesa

4,500 NDMA,

County Govt

and Nothern

Water

Works

Improved

access to

water for

HHs

40m Jan-

Augu

st

80% complete

Cherab Drilling and

equipping of Lakole

borehole

Lakole 3000 We World

(DRIC), CGI

Improved

access to

water for

HHs

7.5m May-

Septe

mber

At planning

stages

Garbatull

a

Acquisition and

installation of water

meters at households

level

Kinna 400 Water Dept. Improved

water

manageme

nt and

control

1.2m Augu

st

2021

60%

Health and Nutrition

Sub county Intervention

Location No. of

beneficiaries

Implementers Estimated

Cost (Ksh) Time

Frame

Male Femal

e

Isiolo,

Merti,

Garbatulla

Vitamin A

Supplementation

All health

facilities

14467 14295 MoH and

implementing partners

650000 Ongoing

Isiolo,

Merti,

Garbatulla

Zinc

Supplementation

All health

facilities

1950 1873 MoH and

implementing partners

0 Ongoing

Isiolo,

Merti,

Garbatulla

Management of

Acute

Malnutrition

(IMAM)

All health

facilities

1990 1912 MoH and

implementing partners

120000 Ongoing

Isiolo,

Merti,

Garbatulla

IYCN

Interventions

(EBF and Timely

Intro of

complementary

Foods)

All health

facilities

8008 8153 MoH and

implementing partners

100000 Ongoing

Isiolo,

Merti,

Garbatulla

Iron Folate

Supplementation

among Pregnant

Women

All health

facilities

7192 MoH and

implementing partners

500000 Ongoing

Isiolo,

Merti,

Garbatulla

Deworming All health

facilities

12679 12181 MoH and

implementing partners

0 Ongoing

Merti Sensitizations of

CHVs and

community on

Covid-19

All villages MoH, ACF 1000000 Complet

ed

Isiolo,

Merti,

Garbatulla

Surveillance

through family

MUAC in

10 NDMA

sentinel

1300 1300 MoH, NDMA, KRCS,

UNICEF, ACF

1400000 Ongoing

29

NDMA sentinel

sites and

malnutrition

hotspots

sites and 17

CU’s

Education

Sub-county Ward Intervention Locati

on

No. of

beneficiaries

Impleme

nters

Impacts in terms of

food security

Timefram

e

Isiolo,

Merti,

Garbatulla

ALL Expansion of School

Meals Programme by

introduction CSB

porridge for ECDE Pupils

in public schools

All 15415 GoK

through

WFP and

MOE

Regular attendance

as pupils are assured

one more meal, early

entry to school

6 months

Isiolo,

Merti,

Garbatulla

ALL Provision of Masks All 49428 MOE Reduced cost in

health

once

5.3 Recommended Interventions

Agriculture Sector

Livestock Sector

a. Measures to mitigate the effects of the COVID- 19

• Provision of more sanitizers and face mask to traders and producers

• Provision of water tanks and hand washing facilities in markets, slaughter houses

• Provision of some grants to traders to expand their business or start new ones

• Support producers with some incentives e.g transport subsidies to enable them market their

animals

Sub

County

Intervention No. of

benficiari

es

Proposed

Implementers

Required

Resources

Available

Resources

Time

Frame

Immediate Interventions

Isiolo/

merti,

Garbatulla

Provision of protective and

personal effects

8,000 County Govt and

development partners

30 million -

Isiolo/

merti,

Garbatulla

Provision of grants to

vulnerable household to

start business

2000HH County Govt and

development partners

50 million -

Isiolo/

merti/

Garbatulla

Provision of grants to

producers to help them in

marketing of livestock

1800HH County Govt and

development partners

60 million

Isiolo/Garb

atulla/Merti

Provision of water tanks

and hand washing facilities

in markets, slaughter

houses

15 million County Govt and

development partners

Medium/Long term interventions

30

Isiolo/

merti/

Garbatulla

Provision of Supplementary

feeds to core breeding stock

10,000 County Govt and

development partners

20million 0 August

2021

Isiolo/

merti/

Garbatulla

Commercial destocking 6000 County Govt and

development partners

10 million 0 August –

sept 2021

Isiolo/

Merti

Garbatulla

Vaccination, deworming,

treatment

20,000 County Govt and

development partners

6 million vaccines August

2021

Isiolo/

Merti

Garbatulla

Continuous disease

surveillance

all County Govt and

development partners

1million continous

Isiolo,

Merti,

Garbatulla

Peace meetings and

protection of strategic

boreholes

all Ministry of interior ,

county Govt and

partners

3million Personnel continous

Water Sector

Sub

county

Interventions Ward/Loca

tion

No. of

beneficia

ries

Proposed

Implementers

Required

Resources

Available

Resource

s

Time

Frame

Immediate recommended interventions

Isiolo

Sub-

county

Water trucking to

Tuale in Oldonyiro

ward

2,000

persons

County

Government

6m Technical

teams

available

FY

2021/202

2

Garbatul

la

Purchase of fast

moving spare parts

i.e piston rings,

filters

Kinna,

Sericho and

Garbatulla

8,000

HHs

County and

National govts

and partners

3m Technical

team

available

July-

Septembe

r 2021

Garbatul

la

Purchase of water

trucking fuel

Sericho

(Modogash

e)

5,000

HHs

County and

National govts

and partners

1m 0 July-Sept

2021

Garbatul

la

Purchase and

Distribution of

jericans (already

provided by

UNICEF)

Garbatulla,

Kinna and

Sericho

15,000

HHs

County, National

Govts & WASH

Partners

0.6m 0 July-Sept

2021

Cherab Support Water

Trucking

Korbesa,

Saleti,

Malkagalla,

Riga,

Matarba,

Biliqi noor

8,000 Dept. of Water 30m Nil July to

Septembe

r 2021

Cherab Repair and

Maintenance

Beltume,

Duma

5,000 Dept of water 2m Nil July to

Septembe

r 2021

Cherab Stand by

Generators

Duma,

Betume and

Yamicha

4,000 Dept of water 6m nil July-Oct

2021

Cherab

and

Charri

Fast moving spare

parts (filters, piston

rings, gaskets,

sanction pipes)

For all

boreholes

10,000 Dept. of water,

partners

3m Nil July to

October

2021

31

Medium and Long Term recommended Interventions

Isiolo

Sub

County

Rehabilitation/repa

ir of existing water

supplies to improve

overall

performance

Oldonyiro,

Ngaremara

Burat,

Ngaredare

10,000

persons

County /

Regional/

National level

WASH partners

15m Technical

teams

available

FY

2021/202

2

Fencing Kiwanja.

Kizito,

Daaba

5000 County /

Regional/

National level &

WASH partners

6m Technical

teams

available

FY

2021/202

2

Overhaul of

serviceable

generators

Burat 1 County Govt and

WSH Partners

2m 0 FY

2021/202

2

Merti Drilling of

boreholes

Barambate

in chari

ward

2000 Dept of water &

partners

7.5m 0 July-

December

2021

Drilling and

equipping of Mata

sadhe

Charri 1000 Dept of water &

partners

7.5m 0 July –

December

2021

Garbatul

la

Rehabilitation/repa

ir of existing water

supplies to improve

overall

performance

Sericho,

Kinna

10,000

persons

County /

Regional/

National level

WASH partners

10m 0 FY

2021/202

2

Kinna Civil works (repair

of leaking tanks

Kinna

(kulamawe)

8,500

HHs

CGI & Partners 0.3m 0 FY

2021/202

2

Health and Nutrition

Immediate Recommended Interventions

Sub

Count

y

Intervention Location No. of

benefici

aries

Proposed

Implementers

Required

Resources

Available

Resources

Time

Frame

Count

y wide

Scale up family

MUAC in 23

community units

Isiolo, Merti

and

Garbatulla

25000 MoH & partners

(UNICEF,ACF,

KRCS).

5,000,000 0 6

months

Count

y wide

Mass screening in

malnutrition

hotspots

Oldonyiro,

Cherab,

Ngaremara,

Burat,

Sericho

15000 MoH, and other

partners

3500000 0 6

months

Count

y wide

Strengthen

micronutrient

supplementation

(Zinc, IFAS,

MNP’s,

Deworming)

56 HF’s 41535 MoH, and other

partners (UNICEF,

ACF , CRS,

CARITAS, K-

RAPID)

1,200,000 0 6

months

Count

y wide

Strengthen

coordination

mechanism at Sub

County level

Isiolo, Merti

and

Garbatulla

GoK 360,000/- 0 6

Months

Count

y wide

Capacity building

of Health workers

MIYCN-E,

56 HF’s Training

- 80

HW’s

MOH and other

implementing

partners UNICEF,

KRCS

2,400,000 0

Count

y

Strengthen

Nutrition

Advocacy

County 60 Pax MOH and other

implementing

partners

700,000 0 6

Months

32

Medium and Long term Recommended Interventions

Count

y wide

Intensify CLTS

initiatives

31 H/H 189000 MoH & partners

(UNICEF, ACF,

CRS, CARITAS,

ADS, WVI and

NDMA

1000000 0

Count

y wide

Supply and

distribution of

water treatment

chemicals – Pur,

Water guard, water

maker and clorine

tablet

Waso, Tuale,

Oldonyiro,

Biliqi,

Badanararo,

Malkagalla,A

warsitu,

Saleti,

Mataarba,

Fororsa,

Belgesh,

Gubadida,

Duse,

Malkadaka,K

orbesa

MoH & partners

(UNICEF, CRS,

CARITAS, ACF,

ADS, WVI etc)

18,000000 0 3

months ,

Education

Sub-

county

Wa

rd

Intervention No. of

schools

No. of

targeted

beneficiari

es

Proposed

Implementers

Requir

ed

Resour

ces

Kshs

Availabl

e

Resourc

es (Kshs)

Resourc

e Gap

Kshs

Time

frame

Isiolo All Expansion of

School Meals

Programme to

include all

ECD pupils

84 3187 Boys

3062 Girls

6249 Total

County Govt

of Isiolo, Moe,

World vision,

Unicef, Action

Aid

10 m @

year

nil 10 m Long

term

Isiolo All Increased

allocation for

bursaries to

support

secondary

school lunch

programmes

32 2903 Boys

2981 Girls

5884 Total

County Govt

of Isiolo, NG

CDF, NGOs-

NRT.ACTIO

N AID’ VSO,

UNICEF

%other

partners

15

million

@ year

Nil (for

current

year)

15

million

Long

term

Isiolo All Construction

of additional

classrooms

30 C/rooms

in secondary

72 classroom

in primary

4590

pupils

MOE, NGOs

and partners

100

million

Nil 100

million

Long

term

ISIOL

O

AL

L

Training of

learners,

teachers and

school

management

on

implementatio

n of covid19

protocols

49428

learners

MOH,

MOE,TSC,U

NICEF.WOR

LD VISION

200000 NIL 1M Contin

ous

ISIOL

O

AL

L

Reinforcement

of security of

SMP stores to

prevent theft

of food stuffs

116 29778

pupils

MOE’ World

Vision. Unicef

& other

partners

10m NIL 10M Long

term

33

isiolo AL

L

Provision of

water

harvesting and

storage

facilities.

50 schools 5000

pupils

World Vision,

We world,

County Govt

& other

partners

5m Nil 5m Long

term