INTERNATIONAL MILITARY TRIBUNAL FOR T HE FAR FAST ...

INTERNATIONAL MILITARY TRIBUNAL

FOR T HE FAR FAST

TRANSCRIPT OF PROCEEDINGS

OCTOBER 31, 1946

(pp. 9007 - 9175 ino.) \

DAVIE ~TELSON SUTTON PURL: https://www.legal-tools.org/doc/454f7c/

Doc. Pros. ..1!.9..J. No.

1555- 879 I

1555- 879-A I-A

2521 880

1756- 881 H

882

Def • Jo.

31 . OCT- OBER 1946

I N D E X

Of

WITNESSES

(none)

I N D E X

Of

EXHIBITS

De §.91:.i ptio!l..

"Tokyo Gazette tl Vol. V No. 8 dated FebruDr~r 1942 re: The 78th Session of the Ioperial Djet (Ministerial Addresses of 16 December 1941) Address by the Prime Ivli:-:ister, General Hideki TOJO

Excerpts therefrom

ItT~1e Total. StrGngth of the Japane se ArmY"

Excerpt from "Japan Year Bool\: 1941-42" Chapter XLIII "South Sea Islands Unceer Japan's Mandate - Geographical Features"

Copies of a map prepared and issued by the American Army ItIap Service shm"ling Mandated Islands of Japan and their situation with respect to other countries

For In Jden.t!. Evidence

9073

9073

9074

9077

9079

PURL: https://www.legal-tools.org/doc/454f7c/

I N D E X

Of

EXHIBITS

(contlo.)

Doc. Pros. Def. For In ~ No. ~ 12.Q§Jll:,i..I2... ti or~ ,Id,qr-t e, pvidence

6022 883 Deposition of Manuel Blanco 9089

6024 884 ditto MAKOTO Wakamatsu 9091

6019 885 ditto Ignacio Benavente 9092

6020 886 ditto Elias P. Sablan 9093 ,

6023 887 ditto Mariano P:~"ngGlinan 9094

6025 888 ditto Antonio Angailen 9095

6026 889 ditto Juan 1,1. Ada 9096

6021 890 ditto Concepcion Blanco 9097

6017 891 ditto Vincent de leon Guerrero 9098

6027 892 ditto Francisco de Borje 9101

6018 893 ditto Jose S. Pange1inan 9102

6013 894 ditto Alfred Ivli10 9109

6001 895 ditto Joseb Uerblau 9112

6002 896 ditto Aukst Ritund 9115

6012 897 ditto Ichiro Hoses 9121

6012 898 ditto Sona Honukit 9126

6014 899 ditto Alter Era 9128

6016 900 ditto Michuo Nachuo 9129

6030 901 d:l.tto Ferdinand z. Emiz 9132


Doc. Pros. • ~L9~ -1I~

6032 902

6031 903

6029 904

6010 905'

6011 906

6028 907

2378- 908 A

794 909

794- 909-A A

1124 910

1124- 910-A A

891

891-A

911

91l-A

Def 0

..,Bo.

31 OCTOBER 1946

I N D E X

Of

EXHIBITS

(cont'd)

Descr..iP.tion

Deposition of Abisa

ditto Lnnen

ditto A,jtdrik

ditto Joh~niz

ditto Abream

ditto L~:1 jina

File of correspondence obtained. from trw Office f't Honolulu Between the Herd Office of NYK nnd its vrrious branches

Notes of the. Privy Council Regcrding the Introduction of the Revised Bill of tho Parliamentary Law to the Diet ro the Special Apnointmont of Administr2tive Officials of the South Seas Govermacnt 915'8-A

Excerpt therofrom

A Book enti tIed II~Unute s of the Committee Eeetings for the year 1930, Secrotoriat of thE: Prj,vy Counci1 11

Excerpt therefrom

9160

A Book ent:i.tled "A Record of the Privy COllncil Concerning the Rrtificrtion of the London N(~va1 Treaty of 1930" dated 1 October 1930 9168

In Evidence

9134

9135'

9136

9137

9138

9139

9140

9158-B

9160

Exceprt therefrom 9168


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MARSHAL OF Tl:E COURT ~ The International

Military Tribunal for the Far East is now in session.

TEE PRESIDEN'r: All the accused are present

except OKAWA and HIRAl'IUMA, who are represented by

their respective counsel.

,\;Ve rillve a certificate from the medical

superintendent of Sugamo Prison to the effect that

HIRANlTIvIA is ill and unable to attend the trial today.

The certificate is recorded and will be filed.

Mr. Logan.

~m. LOGAN~ If the Tribunal please, in

addition to the arguments subreitted yesterday, I

wish to point out further that there is contained

within this document 1628 summaries of statements

made by a prisoner, and the trnnslation servlce even

goes so far as to evaluate the informa tion v'lhich the

prisoner gave. On page 1 of the document there is

contained a summary and conclusions, and also on

page 5l~ your Honors will note right in the inception

of that page, under the heading of flConclusions," a

statement to this effect:

tiThe Imperial Japanese Government had

posi tively COIl1.mi tted itself to the waging of vmr

against the United States of America, Great Britain,

and the Netherlands by the end of October, 194.1. 11


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That conclusion is based purely on certain

information contained in the document, 3nd it is a

decision on an i~sue which is seriously and vigorously

contested by these defend2nts 0 1'Thile the introduction

of this document may be a convenient method for the

prosecution to prove its case, we do not believe that

convenience should be cons idered in a cas e of this

type; and we strongly urge the Tribunal to reject

this report, perticularly on the ground that it is

issued by the reviewing authority in this case,

THE PRESIDENT: T?ell, the Tribunal will not

regard this report as providing a short cut for its

verdicts. We will not accept any conclusions in

that report except in so far as they are conclusions

on matters requiring expert knowledge and are given

by experts. We understand that in no part of the

report is there any attempt to decide any issue.

however, I will ask my colleagues whether t hey think 19

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it should be admitted. I have not discussed" it vvith

them individually yet.

The position is summed up in a note I have

received from a colleague. We will admit it for

24 its factual contents, and not for its cOlnments or

25 c one Ius ions, whic h will be ignor ed •

IVIR. ENGLISH: Will the Clerk assign an


9,010

--- ".""--.. _-.-_._----"-------"--"----"." .. _"--_._-----_ .. _--"._-"-----"---

1 exhibit number to this document?

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THE PRESIDENT: It bas been admitted already. 1

lVlR. ENI.rLIS1-I: The exhibit number is 809.

CLERK OF 'THE CCUR'r g 809.

IvIR. ENGL ISH ~ 1 will comme:J.ce reading from

page 1, Section 1.

"CHRONOLOGY OF JAPAI\ESE IvIILITiffiY PREPARATIONS

J AI'mARY 1941 _.- 8 DE JE1'illiER 1941.

"1 ~ INTRODUCTION.

"a. General.

"Japcmese preparations for the f 1ji.lar for

Greater East Asia 1 ft!!' o.n-cedClte the actual outbreak

of hostilities on 8 December 1941. Available:

references __ II

~ffi. LOGfJi: In accordance with your Honor's

ruling just now, I submit that is a conclusion.

THE PRESIDENT: I think to present the

position intelligibly, it may be necessary even to

touch upon conclusions, assuming it be one I am

not quite sure. But the Tribunal~ of course, will

22 disregard anything in the nn ture of cone lus ions.

23 "';Tedged in among the conclusions there may

24 be, of course, stntements of fact which we would

25 admit. I think you had better proceed as you in

tended, Mr. English.


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MH. ENGLISH (Read ing continued) ~ "Available

references documenting these preparations are as yet

fragmentary, especially in respect to specialized

training oper(.~tions in tropical warfare reputed to'

have taken place throughout the summer and fall of

1941. As the date of the opening of hostilities is

clDpr"ached, however, pertinent references grow more

plentiful, until for the month of November 1941 i.t is

possible to piece together a fairly comprehensive

picture of Japanese military prepnrEttions. The main

nspects of these preparc~tions wl:i.ch h:oivebeen es-

tnblished to dnte (1 Jc'.nuo.ry 1945) are as follovvs;1I

I will turn to pnge 3, paragraph b.

"b. Orgcnization of l!ilaterial.

"The evidence upon which the foregoing

sumn:2ry is based is set forth in full in the follow-

17 ing paragraphs. References have been arranged

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chronologically in accordance with the date of the

most significant entry contained in the diary or

other captured document under examination.

"In order further to clr:.rify the sequence

of Japanese milit~ry preparationD, a table setting

forth a day by dGy bre3kdown of signific~nt activities

fop the period 10 October 7 December, 1941 ho.s

been included as lppendix A."


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9,012

I will turn to pnge 12, paragraph 6.

"10 OCTOBER 1941

IIf:'I c.. Prepar~tjon for Lending Operrtions

A 'Report on Conditions' issued by Lieu-

tenfnt-Colonel RYUTO, Commpnding Officer of 42

Anchorrge Group, dated 15 June 1942, stptes th2t:

IItRecord of Generc:;l SituE'tion since Mobi-

lizC'tion.

jl I The mobilize'tion order iNf s is sued on

12 September 194·1. OrgC':nizetion from the Hiroshima

lJiTestern District No 2 Force wps completed by 17

September. We left U~fINA on 29 September, sailing

to OSAKA where 40 See. Duty Comp2ny WE'S C'.ttoched to

us. We left OE.;AKJo on 1 October tnd reeched our

destin~tion E't PALAU on 10 October where we estrb-

lished en anchorE'ge hepdquarters. Then we made

prep2rptions for the landing operrtions which were

to 2.ccomp2ny the Wr,r for Greeter East Asia. I

"12 OCTOBER 1941

"t._ Preparption for Malc-yan Oper2tion

"Persone1 history register of Leading

Private Kl,CmnW, Hisrzo of 41 Infcmtry Regiment

contains the following entries:

/1110 October 1941 - Left NlNGPO

. If' 11 October - L('cnded P.t SHANG.HAl


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9,013

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11 t 12 October to 14 November - Prepnred for MALil.YiiN

operctions'in the vicinity of SHl-i.NGJiLI.

I~' 22 November - Left WOCSUl\"G, SHJJ\TGH .. I': .. I, 8 December -

Lrncec1 f't SnmORL, THl,ILIJ'ill. t

"4 NOVEl1BER 1941

7 "Di[~ry belonging to unlmovm merr..ber of

8 41 Infrntry Rerimcnt contrins the entries quoted

9 below. 41 Infentry Regiment pC'rticipcted in the

10 tt k UfT 'yr. h· h t "f +h t [", C on r:u-• .ur. Ii, W lC _ We'S moun ea. rom u e pOI'

11 of SbJiIJ. on HJ:,.IFLN Is1end.

12 "t 12 October 1941 - Re['ched Y!OOSUNG Pier rnd I'e,tlJrn(;d

13 to KII.NClJLU B['.rrr cks.

14 " '23 October - OKABE Force ~"[' s [' SSEr1b1E~o. rno. her I'd

15 rn ['ddress from ['. nG"171y ['ppointe'd br.ig-roe commrnder,

16 Ikjor Generr1 Kl.';'UJ\l1JRil., Sr·b1Jro. There vrill be C'.

17 fenerel inspection of the three bettnlions to-

18 morrow.

19 "t4 Novernbe~ - JunglE combr-t trtining for exnected

20 type 1{l['rfC're.

21 1,113 November - Received notions f:'m'l othE?r necess['ry

22 items for tropi.cel comb['t (medicinGs ['no. clothjng,

23 etc) •

24 " '20 November - Lnchored off-shore HLIKOVJ on HLINi .. N

25 Islrno.


9,014

1 "'2 DeccmbGr - r,'ieirheri rnchor ['nd 8['i1eo f'gpin

2 for SlJ,JJ."

3 fIr 1; DocGP1ber - Assisted by our funs eno t['nks, our

lJnit 'l;7[' s the first to enter GUBUl'T Street. C['ptp in

5 OEORI, First LieutE:ni'nt NIKKI ~nd Second Lieutenrnt

6 i TLK;.Hl.SEI 1,,'€;re Id.lled. First Lieutenr-nt OKLNO rna I

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1110 NOVIJ:ffifR 1941

"It is str-tcd on thE COver of the below-

ouoteC! pr,rr"hlet entitled? 'Just RcC'd ~his rnd the

rI[',r is 1:'on', thrt C' cOTY is to be issucc to erch

Jrprnese soldiEr before !1e (:r::bc rks for OV2rser s.

The frontispiece consists of t m,p of SOUTH CHINL,

FRENCH INDO-CHIN]" THL ILLND, EtJRIiL, the FEDLRLTED

MALAY Str tes, the NE'rm.RLLHD BLST nmIES, rnd ['

sno,ll section of the Northvrcst li.ustr1"'lif'n Cor st.

The arte of TlUb1icr-tion of the pr'mph1et is not

dc·finitely knovrn. A crptureo copy, however, is

strmpcd by 55 Division Infrntry Group [',s hr,ving

been received on 10 November 19L1l (Elements of

55 Division figurec. nrominently in thE; rttrck on

GULM ~nd in the BUHW, Cr'mprign (luring December 1941.).

Furthermore, its lenrth rnCl the ncture of the con

tents rre such ["S to indic['tc originrl prcpr're>tion

as ~ dcte ccnsiderrbly prior to this. Pertinent


9,015

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1 sections of this pcmnhlet c:cre reproducsd below:

2 "1\i7h[' t sort of pIt ce is the southern fisld

3 of opcr['tions?

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11.1 (1) It is the trer sury of the Orient

which h['s been inv['ded by the white men of H,TCLLND,

i·Ji.LERICJ", FHi"NCE <,_nd HOLLLND.

"'(2) Ons h1.moreG million Orient['ls ere

being opprE'; sssc by three hlmrEc tho1)srnd whitE.' men.

!If It rmounts to this - these whites possess

scores of Orientrl slrves from the moment they ['ro

born. Is thj.s thE:, intention of Cod?

II I( 3) It is c. source of world supply of

oil, rubber, tin, etc.

II'Rubbcr rno tin r.rc esscntiC'1 for militrry

supplies rnd for these veluC'ble resources the southern

countries pre thE; most plentiful in the Eest. The

n"rlcvolcncc of 1HGLLtU) d I T'IiFRIC1-' [' n ,/u'·J.'-" '- , 'Who hrve prevented

JLPLN's purchrsing th:se mrterirls by just merns, is

one of the rorsons w~ich necessit2tes the present

militrry opcr2tions.

IIIIt is quite clcrr thrt the NETHIHLLNDS

El,ST HmIES rnd FRbNCH INDO-CHIFJ. cC'.nnot opT1ose

JLPLN rlone, but with the support ('nd threrts of

E;JGLLIID rnd jJ·'rERICL they rre showing hostility to

J;,PLN. The leck of oil rnd iron is JLPLNr s ,perk


9?016

1 point, hut lpck of rubber, tin cnc} tungsten is the

2 v1ukest point of i:lJVIERICA. LMERICJ, I s chief ,Sources

3 of SUTlply of these is from the SOUTH SEL.S C'nd

4 Southern CHINAo If these could bE: stopped, it

5 not only would snr'ble Jj.PJJ:,T to obtr'in thE: mc:ch-

6 vlrnted oil rna tin but it would stick C'. knife into

7 J.l'.IERICj~ I S sorest spot. ThE: E:SSEmCe of LT-ilRICk.1 s

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opposition to JLP/Nl S southl'!['rd ['c~v['nCE: lies here.

III (4) It is c. l~nd of pcr-;letu,l summer.

"'BC:'.nrn['s end Y)inotDplcs rro plent~ful

['11 tho yef'r round; ['t the sC'mo time troublesome

mrlrrir-mosq11i toes ['rc (;;V( rY'~lhere. In thE: JJ,VA

['nd SI0GLPORE Lrers motor Tores hrve been ~eveloped

cvcr:lvrhere, but there' rre n1rny uncivilized plrces,

jungles rnd swamps where neither m[m nor 2nimtls

pc:.ss.

II 'Why must we fight ['nd hov! must v,7e fight?

I" (1) By the ImpcriE'l Will for the peC'.ce

of the Orient.

"vThe r,flliIJI RestGrC'.tion srvec J.l,Pt.:N from

inv['sion by foreign powers. The SHOWL. Restorrtion,

by complying v.1ith the Impcrirl VJill for the peE:ce

of the Orisnt, must rescue Lsirtics from disIJt1tcs

[mongth themsE:J.ves rnd thE invC'sion of the vl11.i te

rC.ce rnd return 1,811-:, to the LsiC'tic ". Perce in


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J"SIj,. will EmSUE: ond this will bc followed by pc['ce

in the vJOrld being firmly est['oli s1l.8d 0

"'JLP1,N is given [' grE:C't mission to Sf've

li.U"FCEURH" from the design of SOVIET RUSSIL ~ frE:e

CEIEL from ex;:;loi t['ti'on by the ENGLISH end U!TERICiJ'TE'),

rnd then Fid the ince"":'GncE.-:nce of THLILLJ\TD ~ J"NITl,K rnd

thE: FULIPFrTE[;;, thus to hring cbout the hr.p1Jine ss

of the nrtives of the SOUTH SELS rnd 11mI],.. This

is the spirit of equrlity rnd brotherhood.

!II (2) 'Nhilc def'.troying the enemy show

comn.[ ssion to'·l['.rds those vJithout crime G

"'Unc3crstr-nding this wrr f'S one betweE:n

r['ccs, we prust E·nforce our just demr'nds on the

Euronerns, exclufing Gcrrnrns ('nd It2liens, without

extenuC'tion.

"'(3) Is the GnE:my stronger thrn the

ChinGse Lrrr:y?


9,018

1 "Comparing the enemy with the Chinese Army,

2 since the officers are Europeans and noncommissioned

3 officers for the greater part natives, the spiritual

4 u~ity throughout the army is zero. It must be borne·

5 in mind that tbe number of airplanes, tanks and guns

6 arc far ;,uperior to thos(' of the Chine S8 Arm~T. How-

7 ever, not only are these of old types but their users

8 are weak sola~ers so they are not of much use. Con-

9 se' .. l1.wntly night attack is what the epemy fears most. 10 11(4) We must be prepared for the war to 11 be a prolonped affair and proceed with every prepara-12

tion for a drav.Jn out conflict 0

13 tf'Nhat course will the war follo':!? 14

IILone: voyar:e followed by ;7anding operations. 15

II..1Ul fields of operations are .. in the SOUTH 16

SEAS over e t~ousa~d miles from FOR'~OSA. Some places 17

take a week to ten days to reach. This wide sea is 18

crossed by convoys of several hundred warships and 19

merchantmen. Looking back, our ancestors conquered 20

this rough sea and carried on trade and fougbt with 21

wooden sailing srir,~ hundreds of years 88:0. After sev-22

er'al days jDurney in the confines of shipboard, enemy

24 resistance on the shores must be overcome and landings

25 enforced.

" :'.'hat to do aboard ship: II


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----1 "The most important thing in landing op- I

er2tions is the maintenance of secrecy. If the enemy

gets to know in advance where we plan to land, it will

be very eifficulto

'There are man~ instances where a simple

thing wrj tten in a lettel' has been '~:he cause of· the

de J'ea t of a vv. 101e army, or where a word dropped over

a glass of wine i'l a cafe just be~ore departure has

been the cause cf secrets coming to the ears of sptes.

\I Hemem-')Elr how the 47 R01THJ kept their secret

through such tr:.a1. s until they had avenged their Lord;

encourare one another to do likewise.

11 Th3ce is a timely story of a soldier at

tached to a ~8rtain unit, who, landed in southern

CW::NA during the present Incident, wrote a letter and

droppeq it ill the sea, sealed in a bottle. The

letter was carried by the tide to the coast of KOREA.

Supposinr the letter had reached V1ADIVOS'T'OK-.,.what

20 would have been the consequence? Often a clue is

21 caught by aircraft t A submarines which are at sea to

22 find out ,:he movements of our transport ships. Care

23 must be abser'red in the disposal of dirt and rubbish.

24 It Battle:

25 Squalls, mist and nirht are over all.

1\ Europeans are dandies, and delicate and


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cowardly. ml"ere -0 01"e _'. H .L .', ~ rain 9 mist and night attacks

are the things they detest most. They consider ni~ht

suitable only for dances but not for fighting--we

must take a~vantape of this.

tl (2) Unlike the Chinese soldiers~ our pres-

6 ent enemy may use gas. If you cast aside your ~as

7 mask because of the torment of wearing it in the

8 heat, the consequence may be serious.

9 " f-\.ction in particular zones:

10 II ~ction in swamps and paddy-fields:

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12 to Jfi.PAH, the chief rice-productng countries, and

13 there are paddy-fields everywhere an~ la~ge swamps

14 here and tr'ere. 1!iThen passing through these pleces,

15 each soldier must use snow shoes (made of straw and

16 sttcks).

17 II rhe present war is a war with JAPAN's

18 rtse or fall at stake. W~at is at the bottom of 19 AI ERICA J S act ton of gradual ~_y prohibiting the export 20

of oil and iron to JAPAN, as if to strangle her slow-21

ly by t silk-wool'? If they storred the export at 22

once, JAPAN, in her desperation, might march into 23

the south. If the export of the ru~ber and tin of 24

the south are checked by JAPAN, A'~rICA's own suffer-25

ings will be far greater than those of JArAN, who is


9,021

1 harrassed for want of oil and ore. It has been the

2 policy of A}T~ICA up to now pot to anger JkrAN,

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though weakening hero

" JAF AN has waited too lonp:--if JAPAF is

patient any ]_onger our aircraft, warshii)S and motor

cars ~ill not move. Five years have passed since the

befinninr of the CEINA Incident. Over l,(,,00,000 com

rades have exposed their bones on the continent.

The arms of CEIA~G KAI-SREK, who killed these comrades,

were sold mostly by ENGLj.~i'TD and J-V:ERICA. Both ENGLAND

and AlillFICA are prejudiced against the solidarity of

the Oriertal races as something that stands in the

way of tLeir !-aking the' Orient their permanent colo

nies and are concentrati_ng every effort on lettlng

JAFAN and C"IFA fipht. Our nIl ies, (;.fRLAFY and I""'AT,Y,

aTe continuing a battle of death in EUPOPE a,f'ainst

ET::TG:LJUJD, MEHICA and SOVJTT-RUS?IA. ArERICA is al

ready assisting EI'J"LA1'TD and is essentially particip

ating in the war. For the existence of JAPAN herself

and .ber obligation to the three-country all.iance, not

a minute longer must be endured. JAPAN is confronted

with a ~reat nission, bravely to put the last finish

ing blow as representatives of the Oriental race to

their invasion of several hundred ~iears. Our incom

parable ITaITy is in full readiness and is i.nfallible~1I


Q,022

1 r' 5 3· +h .... 0 • f· b + . f' •. t . ?, , 1S vilS raLlO Hl 19ures Uv L_ SPJ_r1 1S

2 added, it is 5, 5, 7. Moreover, half of the British

3 Navy has been smashed by GfDFANY. For the Navy, now

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is the best -- . v1me. The Chungki.ng Government's umbili-

cal cord is joined to ENC'LAND and AMERICA. Unless this

co:::d is severed soon, the J).PAI\i"-CHINA Incident will nev-

er be permanently settled. The total settlement of the

holy war is the pJ:'8sent war. The spirits of over a [mn-

dred thousand warriors are guarding us. The mass for

the dead comrades is to win this ~ar.

II1jJhilst showinF our heartfelt thanks to the

Navy, who, conquering th0usands of miles of sea and re-

moving enEmy interception, are protecting us without

sleep and rest, we F'-lst fully repay them for their trou-

ble with 1,':00(1 war r(sul ts. '-To are privileged with an

important and honourable mission to stand as represent-

atives of the Asiatic race and to reverse the history

of the world, succeeding our ~lorious history of 2,~no

years and for ths trust and reliance in us of His rfuj-

esty the Emperor. Both rank and file with one mind

must exhibit the real value of JAPAH's sons at the full-

dress display watched by the ~hole world. The comple-

tion of the S~TO'rA Restoration to free ASIA in rea1iz-

ation of the Imperial Will, w~ich is for peace in the

East rests on our shoulderso 'fl


3 &

I wi1r rGrd })['rrgrf:T,lh 10 bG1ow:

1110. 15 NOVEI'lBER 1941

9~023

4 riors in the South Ser,s t, wr:.S issued on 15 November 1. b5 1941 rbov( the signr:ture of ~kjor Generrl ~mRII, r [: 6 Tomtt['ro, COrnI'l'[ ndcr of thE South Se[' s Det; climE:;nt m

7 'which comprised the mr in force in the [' ttC'ck on

8 GULM. I~ com,lcte trrnsl['tion of the document is

9 set forth below. The ble'nk boxE;s in the text

10 occur in the origine'l docum~nt. In some cr:ptured

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

copies of this prmphlet, the POssEssors hrve

'wri tten in the ic1eof!rrphs for L]i:EHICI, ~ GRELT

BRITLIN [nd the NETHERLL1TDS.

IItRBSTRICTED

IItL Guide fDr Wr:rriors in

The South SeC's

IIfHe['dauorters of the South S6as Detpchment

15 November 19410

HORIl Force, StC'ff - Educrtionrl Pr:~~hlet No.1

Instructions rc;gf'raing the r:ttrched: 'Hess("ge

for VI['rriors in thG South Se['sllt


9,O?4

1 "To all units and militarized civilian per-

2 son':lel under my command:

3 lIrhis pamphlet, together with the previously

4 distributed 'Collection of Imperial Rescripts,' to

5 which are annexed: 'Field Service Instructi.ons' and

6 I Just Eead This and the War is Vion, I is to be used as

7 material for the practical strengthening of morale in

8 the field.

9

10

11

12

13

14

15 I

161 I

171

18

19

20

21

22

23

"15 November 1941. HOhII, Tomitaro, Commanding

Gc;neral, South Seas Detachment.

·Qnstructions given to the officers, men and

civilian employees under His Majesty the Emperor and

und"Jr my command, on the occasion of the formation of

the South Seas l.letachment and their departure for

opGrations:

'~n obedience to the orders of His Imperial

f'lajesty, I now takeccommand of your honored unit as an

independent force, and am about to undertake a vital

duty. I cannot repress ~y deep emotion, and I feel

keenly the gravity of my responsibility.

tl I am convinced tha t the world 5i tuation sur-

round:i.!lg EAST ASIA faces an unprecedented crisis, and

the fate of the Empire hangs in the balance. I be-24

lieve that all of you, habitually bearing in mind the 25

Imperial Edicts, have obeyed the orders of your


9,025

1 superiors') and have striven with all your might;

2 however, at this time when your unit has been newly

3 organized and is about to take the field you are to

4 stress to yourselves these three great principles

5 with fullest courage:-

6 "The strict observance of military discipline;

7 the strengthening of esprit de corps; and the de-

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15 I 16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

termination to fight to the death for certain victory.

Whether you be under the higher commands or under the

command of subordinate officers~ whether you be of

ficers or milita;riz(OJd civilian persom'31, true to the

spirit of loyalty, you are to have faith in and

assist the combined action of the land and sea forces

~orking together as one body; thus you shall do your

utmost to, utilize the results of your training to

display the combined fighting strength of the detaeh-

mente

II You will take care of yourselves'l bear j_n mind

my wishes, and upon the opening of hostilities deter

mine to exalt still more the true worth" of the de-

tachment, swiftly bringing the Holy War to a suc

cessful termination, and thereby- carrying out the

Sacred Imperial Desire.

II These are my instructions.

"HOEll, Tomitaro, Commanding General, South Seas


1

2

3

6

7

8

9,026

____ ._. ___ ••• M. ___ ·_····.· .- •• -----.--.-.-----.--•• -.----.------•• ---

Detachment.

1I1Vi.essage to ',"Jarr iol:' s of the South Seas Detachment.

15 November 1941:

liThe purpose of the i'orthcoming campaign is to

exalt to the Vlorld the virtues of His Imperial h;a.jesty~

the IIIarshal CommE".ndGr- in-Chief 9 and to complete the

establisliment of the Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity

Sphere. Our great mission is to shatter at one stroke C)

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

the attempts of (blank, blank, blank, blank, blank) to

obstruct the disposal of the CEINA Affair, and the

spreading of the Imperial Way far and wide in these

territories. For us, thG Imperial Forces, it would

be inexcusable if, through a chance miscalculation or

negligence, the holy War ceased to be truly a holy

war, and the glory of the Imperial Throne wC::CG marred.

" Jfficers 2nd men shall, needloss to say, bear

in mi.nd the mission of the Imperial Forces, and while

on active service shall regularly recite the Imperial

Hescript issued to the military. ':[1he present message

to soldiers in the South Seas is now given to the

officers, men and militarized civilian personnel of

our Detachment, upon whoEl rests a grave duty, aB an

exhortation regarding military discipline."

I will read the bottom paragraph of the

first column, page 17:


1

2

3

"The South Seas Detachment, referred to in

Paragraph 10 above, wa.; already organized under the

command of ~,::ajor General HORII, Tomitaro, by 15

4 November 1941. This specially organized and sig-

5 nificantly named detachment constituted the force

6 which a ttacked GUA~i~ on 10 December 1941 and la ter

7 . moved on to RABAUL and NBW GUIHEA. II

8 I will omit paragraph 11.

9 "12. 18 November 1941.

10

11

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15

16

17

18

19

20

21

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23

24

25

"Liary, belonging to Superior Private YAJilAShITA

of 3 Battalion, 41 Infantry Regiment, contains the

following entry~

II t 18 November 1941 - j,bout 1530 hours left

SHANGHAI, which ha s so many l1emories for rne ~ and

boarded RYUJO HARU at 1730 hours ••••• wi th KIATING as

the objective, the brigade has been1deployed for

maneuvers in order to exploit all the more its success

as a mechanized force. hie are keenly feeling the

pressure of the situation and orders have eventually

come. The time has finally come for us to display

activity. Are we going to be at war with the three

powe:::'s A, B, and D'? (Letters are written in English

in the original). With a feeling of serious tension,

I am awar) that the most gratifying event since the

beginning of JapanesG history is the fact that 'INe have now set out for the field."


1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

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18

19

20

11121 NovE:mber - Anchored in sight of TLKl.O'''.

I wi~l turn to p~ge 20, p~r~gr~ph c:

"c. BrttlG Zone CULM Isl['nd~

"Di~ry, -presurnrbly belonging to member of 44

Infcntry Regiment: contrins the following entries:

11:17 November 1941 - Todry We held review rnd

ceremony for leevi.ng for the field pC'rticipr ted in

by rll personnel of the forCe •••••

11121 November - Ldvence pc.rty left in the morning.

Unit comm['nder in chr'rgc; of militrry flrgs left "bout

1300&

II: 23 NovE,mber - It rr ined during the rn.orning rnd

'we deported in the r[ In" VIe left from 1.81,KOO1. 8t['tion

rt 1950~ iiJe orriv(;c et 8LKL.IDE, ('bout 0500 0 .....

11124 November ,- D8"orrtc;d 8LKLIDE. V:L'l'8UE El.RU

left hrrbor rt 1810.

1l';25 NOVember - iNe left the INL1J'ID 8er. f['cing

eest rnd heC'ded southecst •••••

11126 Nm,7cmber - Our bC'ttle zone 'will be GULM

Islrnd 0 •••• In the morning I weht on deck rnd sew 21

22

23

24

trrnsrorts to the left, right C'nd rerr. On rntirir-

crf'ft observ['tion d11ty.

11'28 NoveDber - Lrrived rt Hl .. HLJDf[[. rbout 1650 ••••

lIil December - Held F!rneUVers during morning. 25

Went on C'ntirircrC'ft observetion duty. Lbout 1500


1

2

3

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5

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7

8

9

10

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15

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24

25.

ship (Translator's Note: or 'ships') got under way.

Roused at 2200 for landing operations. housed again

9,029

at 0100. About 0700 we returned to EAF.Ji.;JII:fA Habor ••• e.

n;tq.. December - Gave BANZAI facing toward ASAlvIIYAZO

and J.~-,ft the Harbor of HAHAJIMA. At 0930 we proceeded

soUtlh.a..st to IX'. We received an order announci.ng the

declaration of war. We expected to land at 'X' on the

lOth •••• I \I


1

2

lviR. ENGLISH; I will tu:r.n to pC'~ge 22 ~ para-

greph 18.

"18.

II~ C,o

29 NOVE1JBEH 1941

Attee1-\: GUAM Islend

5 liThe SAKIGAV,'A Force (2 Company, 55 Transport

6 Regiment) ernbB.rktdd on the CHINA MARU from 22-24

7 November 10 41, et SAYAIDE. On 29 November 1941,

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

I 20 I

I

21 I 221

23 I 24 I 25

C',boord the CHINJi MARU ~ First Lieutenant SAKIGAWA

issued the following operetion order;

"'oAKI Oper.stion Order No.2.

SAKIGAWA Force Order

29 November, 1'500 hours

CHINA )lARU

1111. The detL'.chment will attack GTTAM Island (The

nD;JG I GUAI,~' h28 boen in8c:rted in ink. At the time

of mimeographing the order, the snecific name of the

island was left blnnk.).

filThe enemy situetion on GUAM is shown on the

spociel sketch (Sl{etch not 2tteched to document).

III The main strength (presumably of the South

Sea Detf:chment) will capture the cae stol bo se of

Port APRA, whi l .. e a pert of the strlmgth seizes

AGANA City.

11 I 2. The mnin strength (prE~sum2bly of the

9,030

--- --_._._---_ ... _---


1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

SAKIGN/k :"orce) of tho force will land on the : 1ADA

(pre s1.1r!18bly ITATA) Co,:?st Sector, while; cmother p::rt

of the force will land in the TOMITA Eay Arco. They

\l'dll DCCoi:-lpLny the detr,chm€nt' s lc:.nding 2nd serve 2S

sup~ly 2nd transnort.

II 13. I Plc,toon will lc:na c.t TCmITA BclY and

Dssist tho TSUKA::OTO DEtachment's lcmding.

1114. Hcc.dq1.12rtcrs nnd 2 2nd 3 P:.atoons will

9 [;ssist tli\C! Fl'SFIWSF Force's lc::ndin,g on the rUWA

10 C02St.

11 11'5. Second Licutensnt ITO (plus one non-

12 commissiont:;d officer :.n( thrce:mlistcd men) vrill

13 lend 'with tile ::'(Ocana Vicve 2nc. will reconnoiter a

14 lnnding area for the moin strength of the company.

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

II 16. I will land with the third YlaV~ ~ '::'ccom

panied by the main strength of the compnny, 2nd will

prepr-:re for our subsequE':nt odv2ncc.

First Licutcno,nt SAKIGJ,,1;FA

'S1-~KIGAV\TA Force' II

II b. :ilcct Enemy at GUA~,l I slend

"Dic,ry ~ mmer End unit unknovm but presumDbly

G IT1Cn1l")c.:r oJ' tIlE SOlltl1. 88[.s DetcScl1mcnt ~ contctns the

following entries:

'" 18 NOVelTiber lS41 - Fran 1000 hours infantry

9~031


\ -~~~--.-~--- -.-- --~~----- -.-~----~ ._- _. --------------"---_ ..

I i

1 I group held war exercises under I':c:j or Ge:n(;rr,l ~iORII ~

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

TomitLro.

"t 24 November ... - Left MAIUJGAHE at 0630 hours.

Bo;::rded >~ATSUE MARU at 1530 hours. S2ilcd at 1800

hours.

"t 28 November -- 1650 hours stopl:Jod over at

HAHAJ-IIVIA lsI ~nd, OGASAwARA Archipelcgo.

11'29 November -- Went oshore for cammunicction.

A~ERICA has disguised herself till now.

going to meet the enemy r.'t GUM:I Islcmd w:l.th over

increasing spirit.

11 '3 Decomber Londcd T1LE1-~JETA C'.t 0230 hours

to wash clothes. It SEems that the JOD2neSG-

Arnoric2.n tolks will. fine:lly breEl;;: dmvn.

II! 4 December -- 1iiorship::Jcd the ImD2ri21 P::::J.c cc

9,032

17 Dt 0830. G,8ve' 3 1'r\~\T'7£:.·..Lr0)' _. ~ ... J.t""l.J...L.,,,,. I .. $ There WDS a spEech. JAPAN-

18 AMERICA, Werl It looks 2S though the h~rdships we

19 h2ve borne until now will be r(;wE~rded ~ 'Ile hDvo rc-

20 ccived life for SHOT!iA 1 S rE-:ign. l'icn hc~ve no grcr.ter

21 love than this. Convoy to sailt ogOO! Now,

22 prosper, fothE;rl;:md ~

23 11 14 DEcember -- SOUTE EAH1"JH!.IA I sl,::md at 1422

24 hours. The Empire had decided to go to wcr Pg2lTlSt

25 ALI1RICiI.., BRITAIN c:md HOLLAND.. The Southern Dj_strict

-~~~~----- ---_._-------- ---- --- ---- ----~-- .. --.~~--~------


Q O?~ , .. '-

-,-------~--- --~--- --- --- ------ ----- - ----- .. ----- ---.. ---..... ~. ..,- . . .. ------.----.-- i

Army wlll quickly c8nture lmrortant reglons In the I 1

2 PHILIPPINES, BRITISH I'.'IALAYA Clnd the DTTTCH II:DIES

3 efter bE.:ginning [1ttEck on 8 Decemher.

4 II I For this purnose the first Japc:mesc-

S Americ~n air att£ck will be carried out.

6 111 The South Seas Detachment will coonerate

7 wi th 4 Fleet to cc;pture GUAI-.1, If there is no

8 scp~r~t~ order, the landing will trkc plaee oh 10

9 December.

10 111 HO::1II Operr.tL:l Ordc~r A, No. 17. Er;ch unit

11 will nct ()ccorjing to Order I.~ No.7 which 1128 nlrE:F\dy

12 been is SI .. wd • t 11

13

15

16

17

18

11 '8 December ~ 1100, W2r declercd ~ , II

ItI~iery, owner fend unit nnl-mown, but Dr8suill3bly a

member of thE: So~th Se2s Detrchment, contains the

entries set forth bclo11V~ The entry of 29 November

1 0 41 2ntjciuatE.:s a Jrnancse landing north of TALO-

19 FOFO Bay on m.7A:L '1'he I.tADA or :1i\TA Const referred to

20 as [[ Innc:ing si tc for the SAKIG1\.1ITA force in PGra-

21 grrph 18a above is directly north of TALOFOFO Bay. 22

11122 November 1941 -- 0327 hours. Reached 23

SAYAIDE. 1000 hours. Inspoction tour of the 24

CHLRIDON MAHU. II

2S


1 111231rov,mbcr 1700 hours. T"ftSAFAIDE.

2 II '27 NovembE;r Sighted BONIN Islc::.nds. 0800

3 hours ~ re2chGd HAHAJIEA Island.

4 11'28 November -- 090C hours. Vvcnt to YOKOHAi-TA

5 dARU for li2i30n.

6 11129 November -- Trpining for boc:rding motor

7 b2rgcs during the morning. It hos been decided th~t 8

battelion will lc::nd on the north sidf of TARO Fey 9

(TN: prcsum2.bly TALOFOFO B2Y on G~TA'n. 10

II' 2 December -- Anchor8gc point DUlCtr2tion 11

tr2ining from 2000 hours. 12

II '3 DE·ccmb(r -- B("tt[,lion officers to meet on 13

Y01COHAhIA EARU from 0900 hours. Trcining in smoke 14

flClTC 2nd gc:: S • ConfcrGncc of compnny com[c:nd ers, 15

decic.ed to lc:>.nd at IRIYA B[.y. Two first-clC\ss 16

17 cruisers came to the enchorc::gc point to escort us 2nd

18 we feel very safe.

19 II' 4 December The convoy left 2t O~OO hours.

20 1116 Dccember Hcc::.rd the J2r~ncs2 news brord-

21 cost in the solon. Our mission is to attcck UNITED

22 ST.t,TES. 1 It

23 I will turn to peragr2Dh 19, page 24.

24 " 19. 1 DECK.1BER 1941 ....

~ a. Firing Pl~n

IIFiring plan issued by 48 Field Antic.~j_rcrc.ft


1 B&ttalion~ on 1 December 8t KEELUNG~i['rbor in

2 FORi,lOSA specifics th['t the following: precClutions

3 v'fill be tckcn ~

4 11 t BDt tDlion v~ril1 cooncrc, to vii th Yeelung Army

5 j,ir Defense ForcE.~ Cl?,::cinst cir <.'tt2c}r S. All units

6 '\1'.'111 protect KELLUNG AnchorEgo by cndcc:::voring to

7 destroy enemy plcnss 2S far os possD~lo outside the 8

harbor •.•••• '

9 "20. 2 DECK,:BER 1941

10 lIa. Jj~,PAN Dc:cidcs on 'ifc:,r

11 'IDinry, oli'mcr c.nd unit unknown~ c01'~tr~ins the

12 following entries:

13 11' 24 I:ov.mber 1941 -- Emborkcd on j)P_IFFKU

14 MARD (3,523 tons) of N.Y.K. Line at SAYAIDE.

15

16 11' 26 NOVH;lher -- D(;stroyC!r 'UZTJYI 5 is escorting

our convoy. 17

II' 2 De::ccmber Locdcd horses nt EAIiAJILTA 0

18

"' 4 December Order of HORII, Tomit8ro, South 19

20

21 "' On 2 DeccmbE.T Imperj.2l J.\F'AN decided on 'ilrr

22 vd th GREAT BRITAIN ~ the UNITED STJ.TES OF P,LI1TqICJ\, c,nd

23 HOLLLFD. ItnporiDl JLPAN \7ill; on 8 Dc'ccmbcr, crrry

24 out its first cir-ctt2ck 2pcinst the UNITRD ST~TFSo

~ This detcchment will, if thero is no spccirl order,

lend on Gl'AI'lI.


1

2

3

4

5

6

7

9,O~6

lIb. Lond on PHII,IFFINE Islcnds

Special Neval L2nd ing P2rty', Y()SEII'IIOTO Unit, con-

trins tho following entries:

11 I 7 l',;ovcmber -- Conscripted 0

II' 30 l'iOVc.'C'lbl"r -- Ro~rd'~d KT-qISFlf':rJ~ ],.:T'Pl: ~t .' _ . c:..; 11 .l... l.".. t.:. __ ..... .J~ _ \ _ .... _."i. J. ~ liJ.. L c.

UJINa. Escorted by Destroyers No. 36 ~nd 37. Hscd-8

cd for PALAPo 9

1"2 Dcccmb0r -- Hccrd over rrdio thct £m(ricen 10

11 fleet (5 ships) hed left herbor. Hcnrd thrt NI rrc

12

13 PALAr.

14 '" 5 Dccc:mber -,- Arrived FALAU 0

15 "'6 December Enemy subm~rinc sighted 500~

l6 meter s 2.WDy.

17 '1'7 Dccemhcr -- Hclotions bcbwcn UITITED S~2!''I':::;:S

18 c::nd JAPAN (~re ge.. tting worse.

19

20 K.ATSUDA l.:ARU stl.nk. I

21 If 21. 3 DECEIiTI3ER 1941

22 II 2. 0 Shoot Hostile Plenes Down

23 "Extrr,cted from 77 Flying RcgimEmt ODcr2tion

24 Order A-12, d(J ted .3 December 194-1 ~ct SKTA Airf:1eJd 1

25 specifies the follm-.ring prccoutioncry mC(";Sl'T(S;


9,0')7

1 "' 2 Squadron will COOD(;rote with 70 Airfield

2 Compcny e.nd serve in the air dcfc:nsc of SAlMi." Air-

3 ploncs t&king hostile action will be shot down ...... , 4 "22. 4 DECK.ffiER 1941 5

"Diary belonging to HAHANO, Yonekichi, of South 6

Sees Detechmcnt cOl1td.ns the following entries; 7

11'4 October 1941 -- CDllcd to serve in the Litter 8

9

10

11

Company of tho Western No. ~2 Force for temporary

duty at 1300. Leter, w~itod at the Marugame Com-

mercic:l School until 15 November. ilIoved to the

IMarugame Middle School.

12

" 122 November - .. Emb[~rked 2t SAKAIDE Harbor 13

at 1300. Weighed anchor at night. 14

11123 November -- Looked GS if we dropped anchor 15

1 16 and waited in OSAKA Bay. Wciphcd anchor at night.

17 11'27 November -- Entered CHICHIJIMA, H£rbor of

18 the OGASAV'lJ'..B.A Archipe1ngo.

19 11128 November -- Left port in the morn:i.ng ,:md

20 c:mtr:::red HAHAJDilA the sc:mc day. inc i ted ot this port.

21 1114 DccE:mbcr Left HAHAJHlA with the object

22 ('of capturing the Ji.mcricc:m Island of GUA]'!T. This some

23 doy our country decided to dscl[',re wC.r on EI~GLAND,

24 the UNITED STATES, and FRANCE on 8 DGccmbc.r.

25 "'10 December ... - At 0200, our South Seas


q o~8 , -

r [

1 Detcchmcnt (1;/[.i ting for this momcnt to bomb) re-

2 ccd vcd orders to iTIC':h':c D lnncU.ng. Bombing stcrted

3 on the 8th. f

4 "P:i.lo of reports, entitled I THA1LAIm Oncrr:-

5 tions,i bclonging to 77 Flying Regiment, contains

6 the following posscgc:

7 II 14-7 Dec("mbcr 1941 -- Prott":;ction of 25 Army

8 trcnsport convoy end prcn~r2tion for occD~ntion of

9 THAILAND. t

10 "Dic:,ry bc:.longing to MOH1KAMI, Shigco, of HORII

11 Forco (prcsumcbly tho South SCD Dct~chmcnt), TAKA-

12 MORI Unit, conto ins the following \:~ntrics: • -.0 CI •

13 IIt3 December S~iling prcprrrtions.

14 ~:Vill dep<::rt for GrAM 1s1[:nd,

15 however, GlTAH is cr~lled m.~1YA S·:TiIA.

16 III 5 December -- Will dcpl'rt ~t 1000 hours.

17

18 We arc cruising scfe1y.

19 II '6 Dec(;mbcr -- Cruising scfcly. We will dis-

20 cmbEirk in three ckys.

21 lil8 December 1941 -- Imperiel Hccdqu3rters.

7~ ~L

"Nr,r W2S declE'red agCl inst ENGLAl\TD nnd the UNITED

23 STATES 2t 1230 hours. In the cfternOon, I hccrd

24 from Ccptl'in TAKjl}IORI thnt HlV/AIIl'J\f Islcnds ::.r:.: being

25 bombed by our C'ir force. The PHILIPFINES and ~lONG

_ .. ~ ..... -.---


9,039

1 KONG nro 81so being bombed. At 0800 hours of the

28th, our TAKANIORI Unit -rJOr shipT.'cd the P(~lDcc. We

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

will finelly begin landing from 1200 hours of the 9th.

On the morning of the 8th, some islands could be

fcintly seen for the first time. 1I

I will omit the next diDry entry.

IIDiDry belonging to TAKAHASKI~ YBichi of South

So[' DctDchment, Antiaircreft Unit, TAKAHASHI Plntoon

contains the following entries:

11114 Eovcmbcr 1941 -- We finnlly received

orders to go to the front. On 28 July we hed

;:,cpcr"tcd from the fri :ndly 73 ForC8 in KOREA end

On 14 November Cit 0900, we:; c[:rrled out the last

ceremony of f[ru1J'Vcll on the prrc.dc ground. When we

were le.sving for the front, Commrnder FFCHIYA~',{A grvc

instructions end reed vvri ttem oath 2ddressed to the

Impcrir,l PaIr cc. I hnvc no rcluctr.ncG in giving my

life c:nd being killed in ection. WE:' Vl(mt UT) to the

GOKU Shrine to prey for our ultimate victory. We

received s['cr(;d SAKE from the god. Them we shouted

'BANZAI 1 throe time,s Dnd dismissed.' II

I will omit the next five parr.graphs.

1114 December At 0930 hours, we cventuelly

loft the islnnd. We im3cdietcly began to preprre for


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9,OLLO

cor1br t. j~l}}JrOi' ching ('remy :';)osi tion. We were on

bor-rel If drys, rnd. every dr>y wrs the scme rovtine.

On 11 Dec(;I'1ber rt 0100 hours, we cf'me, L't lrst, f['ce

to ff'ce "'ith en(,;TIlY Tlositions. iife h2ve [' P1issio~ on

belonging to i'n uns;l(;cificd member of

~-l Infrntry Feg:i!'1cnt, conte· ins thE: following entries:

41 Infrntry RegimE.nt. Instruction by br-ttrlion

COInl"rnc.cr, Licutencnt Colonel :.lOFITL ••• 0 0

IIt20 November - n0C'c.ed for 1:rCOSCIJG, r- 1)orrd the

LB1, Yi,NL. Mi~RU 0

11:21 November Left YJOOSUNC for South SCi's.

tTt24 NovGmber Retched northernmost tip of

HLINLI\T Is12nd.

"f 4 D(;cE:r'lber - Left SLL1i~. CODVOY of 2P ships,

escorted by the Nrvy, h(;['ded for SHTGLPORE.'"

"Dirry belonging to lcC'ding Privi'te ~Jlj,.TSmJRL,

Sc.gre i of It:-4 Infcntry Regiment contrins the follow-

ing entries:

II r 29 Sel')t0mbcr 1941 - RE:cei ved induction orders.


1 II I 5 October Entered service.

2 1118 October Completed mobilization.

3 It '22 NovE';mber -- Embc:rkcd. SC"'iled in the

4 evening • Arrived off OSl.KA in the morning. We did

5 not sail during the day. Set sail ~t night. H22ded

6 ~XG south. We s~iled southw~rd till the morning

7 of 27th. When I ,vent up on dock in the morn i..ng, I

9 , It '27 N:)vcmb,C'r -- HCt~chcd CHICHI IsJand.

10 D(;pDrtcd r.t 0900 hOl'.rs the S[.mc dey. Hcc:chcd

11 HAHAJIML I s12nd bofore noon [md [,Dchored 0 Thc;re

12 ere not l1i[lny people lj.ving on this i s12nd • tlhips

13 come hore one after another. The bny is filled with

14 I

15 i 16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

Iprgc shios. It seems 28 though there nrc about

saven or eight men-of-wor here too. At first there

\vcrc namos on the wC"rships; UZUFI, l1.JZUKI 5 and

KIKUZUKI etc., but the nrme3 were t2kcn off. This

trnnsport ship hrd hlI written on the smoke stack

but it also has been removed. Horses were unloaded

on HA.H.AJIl\f.tA IsIGnd. Horses and dogs romped around

the hills. Those uho hrd previously bEen here S3Y

th2t tho women 2rc not beautiful but the speak the

TOKYO dialect. We fished to pr.ss the timE:: till the

4th December. In th~- rncr;ntirpG horses were lo:.:ded.

I supoosc we Drs 2gcin herded for hot pIsces. We

9,041


9,042

1 hud mosquito nots 2nd lunch boxes made for us.

2 It t 4 Dc;cember -- -Tod2Y, we B re reQlly going

3 to set out for our destinution. We soiled Ground

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8

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11

! 121 13 1

14 I 15

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23

10 o'clock. We strrted in the morning with Q wurship

25 escort. It vms thE: KFROGA~m. They were nr2.cticc::l-

ly all cQrrying oirp12nes. As soon as W8 entered

this h2rbor, two oirDlnnss w~re st8rted es if they

hed roherrsed going out on reCOnI1Qis2ncc. There were

m[lYlY escort shins. As Jonp rs the N2VY is nrc-sent,

there is nothing to be rfrnid of.

II t 6 D:::;ccmbc;r -- Tomorrow, we 8re told, GUAM

Islend will be attDckcd 2nd occupied. During the

voyage all nccessQry nrcprrrtion of crms, such as

150 rounds of Ellumunition, wc;re in roedin,.ss. With

these we can kill. It is hC[lvy bu.t I f(;ol like t2king

more.

It '10 Dccemb~;r -- At 0200, we will bid f.srcwcll

to this boat. We got on this boat on the 21st Dnd

strrted to s~il on the morning of tho lOth. We lived

on it for 20 doys. At night we mede various prep2ra

tions for tomorrow's IDnding. I pr}cked food for 3

mGl~ls in my hevc;rs[!ck along v;j th 150 rounds of mnmu-

24 nition. It is supposed to be p~ckcd os light os

25 possible but it is vcrv hl-8.vy. We lrmdcd on ono


9,043

1 portion of the island which WfS b2rely visible in the

2 dcrk. We cnticipoted enemy fire but did not on-

3 counte;l' any. We lc;ndcd successfully without incident.' If

4

'" -'

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I I.


9,044

1~ u

0 1 I will now re::td thi) middle of the first

r s 2

column on page 27:

e 3

"Diary belonging to IMOTO, Gumpei of

& 4 French Indo-Chinn Expeditionary Forco, 106 Lond Duty

G 5 Conpnny contains the following entries: r (; 6 1111 November 1941 -- RtJ2Lcbcd ,sAIGON at :J

n 7 b

0600 hours.

8 8 11127 November -- Loft SAIGON i:1t nbout 1400 r g 9 ! hours.

10 11128 Noverrbor Enroute.

11 11129 Novcmbor Enroutc; •

12 11130 Novembar EnrDuto TA IK1\ I EA.HU.

13 II 11 Lec,_:mber -- ,st~fc;ly '1rriveo in the

14 morning a t I{f~ INAN ISLAND.

1<; ~./ " 12 Dacemb,)r ,still anchored at HAINl\N.

16 11 13 Dcc(?mber Remained ~bo~rd TAlKAI

17 M!~RU unti.l 1600 hours ,<1110 tr,Jnshippod to KASElI WiARU.

13

19 1114 December Dapprted at 0600 hours 20

for our destination. 21

II 1'7 December Re~ch ,sINGORA safely at 22

2400 hOUI'S.

23 illS Dec.:.')mber -- At 0300 hours, m2de pre-

24 pnrations for opposed l~nding. ./\round 0600 hours 2n

25 oppascd landing wos made. Took tho anomy completely


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2

3

5

3

9

9,045

by surprise. III

I will turn to the middle of tho first

column on pnge 28:

1148 Field Antis ircrnft Bottalion OpGr8tion

Order 1',-16, dnt(Jd 4 Lecembor 1941 at KEELUNG Hnrbor

[',bO.l1'd tho EONT~mAL NU\RU, sots forth the: following

instructions for (}ntinircr0ft dofonso during tho

coming landing oper~tions, prosuffi2bly on LUZON:

1111. Battalion ~i11 fight according to ~lan

10 on separpto shoot.

11 II' 2. t.ll un:Lts will shoot d :)vJn onE~my

12 rGconnaiss8nco pl~neso

13

14 d08d SP8C8 8n6 fiold of firo.

15 IIIArmy Air Defonso Unit B"ttle PInn. 16

!I t I. P lo.n : 17

'1'Tho Air Defense unit will r:t ':111 timos 18

b8 rO'J.dy to fire n t p1:11103 Qnd subnv~rj_nGs. It 11 ill 19 take tho initiative ~nt directly assist in tho pro-20

taction of ships, anG will coopar0te with the nnvnl 21

2nd nir forces. During torpodo pttacks it will 22

on6o?vor to shoot pInnas down. 23

"'11. Essanti~l Points:

11'(0) Esto.b1ish strong ~crir:l defense points. 25

Co-orc:_;_nr.t,) oIl efforts with t~10 !lin of dostroying


9,04.6

1 enomy pInnas as far away as possible from ships.

2 ' B~ttle pl~n shown on separate shoot.

3 III (b) 3st3blish strong points for anchor2ge

4 6ef~nso ng2inst air nttnck at the l2nding point,

5 and co-op3r~te with front line opcr~tions and engage

6 in defending str~tegic points.

7 III(C) Aftor initiol lnnding, as quickly ~s

8 possible land tho following:

9 48AA

10

3AA ) lAA ) ~- ooch 2AA )

11 and from the boach engage in protocting nnchorago,

12

13

14

15

16

17

)8

19

20

II

25

comploting a bnttalion landing nnd defending military

strategicnl points. Details of position will depend

on time of l~nding.

\ll(d) If tlh? situ-',tion dom.::-mds it, for tho

progress of n partinl op~ration on front line, force

will be sont to any strategic point.

If' (c) Aeri'1l defense o.t assembly points

~ill be carried out by ship units.'

115 1ecember 1941.

liD i3ry be longing to KA.1iIA:rW, Susumu, of

106 1'~n6 Duty Conm::my contn.ins tho following ontries ~

IIt23Soptombor -- Drilled. Inspection for

nIl mobilizod porsonnel. Fran 0700 hours visitors

'were nllovJ~d in c,')mp nre:}.


9,047

-----, i

1

2 I It'6 Octobor -- 0700 hours nrriv8d SAIGON.

!! '23 N oVOl:JbGr -- 18ft on trcms'port TOKO-

3 ICA'!A EARD.

4 " '25 Nov'2mbc::r -- Arrived SAHA, Hfl.INAN Is-

5 l~nd. Tr~nsfGrrod to KASHII MARU.

6 It t 5 D,~,cemb8r _.- 30 Tr'lrlsports h;3.:cdod to-·

7 words tho tho0tor of opor~tions ~ith nnv~l escort.

8 " '8 Locor::bor -- !lbOG oPposc')(1 lsncing 'It

9 ,sINGu:tU" THA11XND.'

10 !!' l' rv ,~'n· a' '.L k t . ~.n ., ownor _ unl~ un nown, can ~lns

11 tho following ontries~

12 ill 24 ]\~ovcmbc::r 1941 -- Arrivod 2t BA1KOW,

13 Ii11IN-ll.I~ Isl'1D.d.

14

15 It '30 N avow bor

16

17 Arr i v~~d SAMA H2,rbor.

18 it' 5 I ccomber SeilGd from tho h~rbor 2t

19 0400 hours for operations.

20 !! '8 Docombor -- .\rrivoo "'t SINGO:1A, Mfl.1AY

21 Poninsula nt 8140 hours o '

22

"6 Lccombor 1941. 23

24 ttl i0ry, ownor unknown, cont,"1h'.s the following

25 ontry,;

It, 6 D,:;comb::;r 1941 -- Aboo.rd IAIFUKU l~ARU.


9,04-8

1 The IHYAJI Pl'":toon. No. 3 Pl.,toon Orc:ers for

2

3

4 Innc.ing site h~s 81re~6y boon pointed out. This

5 cOi;lpnny is to bc tho first in line on th,] left of

6 tho :x~tt:.11.iono I

7 "7 Doc'::JY:lbor 1941.

8 IIIJo.y of Revenge.

10 of 3~sebo 5 Spocinl Nnvnl Lending P~rty cont~ins

11 the follo~ing ontrlos~

12 II t 24 NOVdmb(n~ 1)41 -- L<::ft fCJr P!~I'!~U (.:t

13 1000 hours.

14 11 125 Nov,,:;ro.ber -- / t 2000 hours 'iv:..") 1fJCJre

15 ordered to cil~nf,G our courso ":-:d go c.5.rcctly to 16 snL.'-, 9 HAINAN Islcmd. 17

II I 4 Leco~Ilbor -- Arr i voc ·S/J:l'. H::rrbor nt 18

19

20 tiD UNITEL STLTES "nc ttl; N~TlnRLANLS. ThG ,:mt irG

21

22 8rrivod.

23

24

25 I Dill turn to pngo 30:

11 S2ction 110 Furthor Pr.JP~rnt ic;~ . .s for 1:'-:r 0 II


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9,049

I will rG~d par~grnph b:

No.3), Q public~tinn issuod by th~ ~ilit~ry Intol-

lip-onc,:; Sorvico ~ United Gte; t;.;s i·:T~r 1C3p'rtr'(mt c:nd

based Gntiroly on Jr:p["U,J so saureo s gi vos the follow

ing account of JAPhN's prep~r2tians far n8r:

II'Tho units:nd CODll!rnd.n-'s c.Jsil2:w),too f:)r

prepnring wore) selectod l1lc,nths in ()GV'~J1C'-::: ~ '1nc vvc.r,J

concentr~tGd in sp2ci 0 1 tr~ining ~ru~s whore the

Aru1,Y tr'1ineo in FL!,: INAN rmc INtO-Cd TNl~, the Philipp ine

ForeG in FOr1: O~)A:-,n(i beth units '~)r:,cticoC' lrmcHng

opor,stions uuring th(; l::'tte sun.mer ~:nd f,~ll of 1941

nlnng thl) SOU'l';I CHNA Co~st. EV'.)l1 the d5.visions

chosen to ~tt0ck HONG KONG were given rigorous' train

ing in night fighting nnd in storming pill boxos in

thc; h ills no:~r Ci.NTON .0.

the f2ct th~t the High Co~rn:,nd W0S fully inforrilld

for a venr before tho wnr ~s to the strength, dis-

24 position end likcly pl~ns for dofonse of their then

25 potent!;"l cnerl .. 1.es 0 0 • •

tllT['sk forc:)s I org".nizod curing t:.1G summer


9,050

1 of 1941 tr~in2d ~nd ~8rked togeth~r c~ntinu~~sly

2 (i.o. Joint Arry-~~vy f8rcos) until tho Dutbrc~k of

3 host:Lli tics •• • •

4 if'The tro!)1)s uS2d in their op'Jr~.ti'm (.~t

5 VIGAN ~n LUZON) ~s ~c11 ~s thJSO usud in the sub-

6 baeD c~rrying ~ut

7

8

9

10

Ll intended 80l21y for tr~ining •• • • 12

thoir y8~rs of pninst~king surveying =nd ospiDn~ge 14

15 sul~, but they pro quito fr~nk in 6ascribing pro-

16 p::r'"tions 1:1':0.,3 curing th·.) SUl:1F1Cr "me f,""11 of 1941.

17

18 1n nding of troops cn t~o KRA IsthDus, for tho usc

19

20

21 Q2nts to cache sup01ios fer tho usc of tho Expodi-

22

23

24 l2nolngs wer2 selectod officors ~nd von, dr~~n from

25

into two divisions specially o~uippod for tho work


--------'-~---------,-,-,--.-----

1 ., aD. All of tho tr~DpS ~ ieh woro to bo

2 used in the e~~p~ign hed boan given exh2ustive

3 tr2inlng Curing tho 1':<11 in sGlectl~d "'roC';s c,f IlifDO-

4 CHINA ,::::1d HhINAN Is lrnd, v;h2r,,; the torr"'. in~pprox-

5 im~t"d th~t ov~r w~ieh they were to fight. When

6 thGSO units J.,nndoc5 j n ~,:ALi\Yl\, f'T froc being unused

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15 i

161

171 18

19

to tho clirJ,'~lt8 "'r'ld- t~-'I:' cOLlntrv ~,,~ 1-1~,- ·3r'1t'.J..4 s .. '.'1 ,-j,X-'., , 11 c; ,,' :, ,~, v; . .L G ~ ~ ,', ,

pectod thorn to bo, they were trained ~n6 s02s8nod

jungl~ fighters, tho oqu81 of nny troops with ~hOD

they VJero to c::>nc int,") e,',nt~:ct. Tho cd.visi::;ns ',(dch

In (;xocuting 1::-rnd1ng op:.::r":tic'ns on t:w S')uth CiIEL

Co~st, in conjunction ~ith units which wore prcctic-

ing for sioi19r tosks in tho PHILIPPIN~S.

security f~r from tho ayos of spying foreigners. 20

H~rG thoy woro eorplotcly rc-equippod with new funs, 21

, 1i

22

23

24 oxpedition ::!"S rJ~dy for its big tost •••

25 il'Tw0 divisions ',J, ich lr;c so<:m v0ry little


1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

'were conposed of votor:.:n soldiers of ttL) CHINA

c~QP~ign who h2d recoivec spoci:l trnining in rivor

c.rossings in prep::..r~,tion for this very tC':sk :)f storm

ing tho Strni ts of J_OHORE, I'-Jere DOVJ brought up to

rolievo ,ttOSJ divisi~ns which h~6 fought thoir way

(;)",'n tho Poninsul~.'

lITr;'l ining for P,ssClul t ('n SIJ\GAP02:G.

9 Officer, 15 InCopencent Enginoor ~ogimont, in ~

10 ro,ort o~ t~8t rogi80nt entad 25 Mny 1942, c~de tho

11 st-:toY.!8nt quotod belovv. It is nctow::::rthJ7 th"'t tho

12 tr': ining "!hieh tho y recGl'l'od is of proc is,~;ly the

13 type f':1ost osscmti81 to 'fr:rf"rG in :i!,LLAYi\. nnd especi-

14 ally for the nss2ult on SING~PORE:

15

16 r::;cord on 7' sop::>rnto sheot, this unlt iyns org,~'nized

17 from the 4 Engineor Rogi~ont in Soptembor 1938.

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

III.2'rOI'-l tho JnG c:f l~~ st Decep:,ber tho unit

took pnrt ir: the c~pturo of I\;=AUiYI~ ~nd SIl'JGf.Pffi E

~nd the SUK~THA Oporntions.

"IAlthough crigil1-:,lly tho function of this

unit ~2S th~t of ~n tA' rogiment, ~hich is siDilnr

tD th~t of divisional engineer, this unit w~s tr~inod

for ~;bou t " yo-'. r 'ai th Sp'JC i~ 1 enph:::s is on !J tto.cldng

pill-boXGS ::nd opcr'-\tions ',lith f12toottom bosts


9,053

------------ ------_ .. _-----------

1 with outbo~rd cotors cttcchod (Th3s8 bo~ts oro usod

2 in rivor opor~tion c-ossings). Thus 211 personnal

3

4 h::vC' bJC 0:'10 c~ p3 blG of r'l[',king cr os sings ()f l~-Hgo

5 rivers.

6

7 fic~te of Derit frDT'1 tho Army CO~0::nder for the

8 :.:ng-:'gorac-Jl1t '1t PU'T.NG eDo'?lso tvilO citnti)ns for the

9 ]EALAY O")l?l~~ti:,n ~nd for T'1::-.king () crossing in tnc

10 f3c.J of tilG cnor:1Y rtt SING/:"Fm E. t

11 "L. Tr'l in(~d reI' PHILIPPINE Isl,']nds B""ttle.

12 II I N:-:vy:';oglcs cvor th2 p;nLIF?n{~ ~3ki0s, I

13 8 series of intervio~s b~ ALteRI, K2ZUO, 8 reporter,

14 l!Jith n['v:"l ""ir porsonnol (Jng,':gc)d in tho PHILIPPINES

15 Opcrnt~ons, quotas on unnino6 J:-:p~n0SG pilot to tho

16 following Gffoct~ .

17 IlII think thnt I will nDt be ible to GVGr

18 forgot tho itrst oxcitesent which I GxpGriGnced

19 on 8 D::;CcITlbor. As I "I,-,-tched thot fern-.tion of troops

20 ~~v~nci~g on lffiNILA ond exporienced thit I cou16 not

21 hold b"'cl{ th~) t o"rs b8C':1nsO of the joy I felt. '-'e 22

h-::d gOD) through intensive tr:-.ining ever [I long 23

period of time in prap~r~tion for this b~ttla, 2nd 24

no';'! "Ja h~va Go.-,l t 2. spoctccul?r blo'!'!.! 25

"Construction of B:1sas.


1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

9,054

tlpAL_1U.

I1Tr3 ns l:..,t it:m of ::: cQpturod document anti tIed

'Frecautions in r0spect t8 Billeting ~nd Supplies,

brsed O~ the Special Ch~r~cteristics of PtLLU',

d~ted 1 July 1942, issued by 35 Infnntry Brigndc

Be'1dquBrt(:;r s, rJ2o. s '; s follow s ~

II lEssentinl P.'ints~

tI'PAL.\U is th(~ se:ot :Jf the 3Duth Se~: Isl::md

Governmcnt o Evar si~cc it hCC3C6 ~ mandated terri~

12 been n p12CO difficult to ~dministar, 2nd tho NJvy

13 h~s sta~dily ro~pleted its equipment ~s ~n operation31

14 b':1se.

15 , 111 H~;jor Cener~l KA";I.GUC:rII)

16 if 'BrigDGu ComnOlnder.' II

17 I will turn to p8ge 33.

18 T=m PRJ:SILENT ~ This is :::: convenient brenk.

19 '~T,) \':ill reCClSS for fifteen minutes.

20

21

22

23

24

25

C'!horeupon, 2.t 1045, n recess Y].'2S

t[~l:en until 1100, nfter '!,'hich the proceedings

ware resumed 2S follows:)


~_.~, 055

G 1 l'.1ARSHALL OF TEE COURT: The Tribune.l is now

r 2 e res11med ~ e 3 n THE PRESIDrI,TT ~ lir. English. b 4 e HR. ErGIISH~ Page 33~ (feeding) r 5 p-Ci

"SECTIon III. 6

& ItPRE-WAR ESPIONLGE ArD RBCOlTAISf'ANCE 7

B "30. GETJERAL a 8

r 1t~ c .• Sir.1illified T':') ble Showing Chan(."es in t 9

0 the Soutbern Si tU8tion Since AUg11st 1941 n 10

"Issned by 20 rivision He2dquarters, is set 11

forth 8S Figure 2. The table is not d·s ted, but it 12

13 is evident from intern;)l evidence th2t the data was

14 accumulGted 'Jrior to the outbreak of war. Only those

15 posi tions of the tr,ble conte.i::1ing information vlhi ch

16 8ppears to have been derived from confidential Jap8-

17 nese sources ~re reproduced.

18 tISin:)lified Table Showing Chonges in the

19 Southern Situation Sjnce August 1941

20 "20 Division He2dquarters

21

22

23

24

25


1 I'Summary

2

3 "The strength on

11 Dote "Source of

Informotion

4 the BrmM-\-THAI- I1Eid- "Chief

5 LA~TD Border is Se 1)tember of

6

7

8

9

10

11 IPrlEEKLY REPOET&~

13

14

15 I

8")·')rox. 50~000

. and [it B1TREA there

will be another

2000 to 3000 from

the Volun~:eer Army.

UThe increcse in

vljll be presL~med 2S

10,000 Austrolians.

Staff

Renort

"End "Chief

of of

October Staff (ApDroximately 5~000

16 Report t 11.streliElDs (; t SIFGA-

17 POPE in Hid-.l-'1..lgust,

18 and at the end of

19 lugust, E:1 though there

20 is no infornption on

21 tbe number, transnorts

22 carrying Australians

23 : ~d re[1ched SINGAPORE) •

24

25 Heretofore, the regular

army of 48,000 has

"Dispatched From


1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22 .-:-

23

24

25

------ --------------------,

reached 2n~roxim~tely

60,000. Moreover 7 if

we m2ke a rough esti-

mrte of the increcse

in Eindu trooDs 9 (in

creese not according

to confirmed intelli

gence) it will not

exceed the estirrate

of 71,000-75,000 ~y

the SIl-GJ:._?OHE Foreign

Affairs at the end of

August.

Tlb. Slcetch ShoiJITing Allied Air Forces in

SOL1.tb 1,Vest Pacific .Lrea

TlA sketch, issued by the Army Air Defense

Unit and labelled 'Air Defense Intelligence Henort

No. It, showing dispositions and strengths of Allied

Air Forces in South Sea Islands is reproduced r~

Flf1J.re 3. The sketch is dated 6 December 1941 but

an annotstion states thct it was prepared 'before

the crisis. t 11


9,058

1 I will read raragraphs 32 to 36, but only

2 the headings and occasionally a raragraph or two:

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"32. JAPANESE INTELLIGENCE ESTD~ATT OF

lDlITED STATI'S FOPCrS IN THE PHIT,IPPINE ISLANDS

PHIOTl TO THE OUTBREAK OF WAR

tla. TJl'HTI:D STA'I'FS Strength--PEILIPPINE

ISLANDS

tlA fi1.e of handwritten sheets, dated July-

December ]941, entitled 'No.3 Situation of Both

Sides Prior to the Outbreak of War,' issuing author

ity not specified, reads in part as follows:

II!The strensth of the Amertcan Garrison

Army in the PPII,IFPUTES was 12,('C"0 (American about

5,500; native about 6,500). Because of the inter-

national Situation, however, this number was increased

by about 5,200 Americans and 6,000 natives, so that

by July of this year, the total reached 22,000.

The Filipino National Guard and patrol scouts were

included under General MACARTHUR, the American Far

Eastern Army Commander who was to undertake the uni-

ted command of all troops in the PHILIPPINES. 1 II


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I will go to paragraph 33:

11330 i'RE~~Wi.R ESrI-::l\LGL ~.l"D SUBVERSIVE

LCTIVITY Ii~ ThE.. NBTHEhLl.J.,DS EAST INDIES

II a.. Sketches Showing .l.~E'lHERj.Jbl~DS EAST

HiDIES Defense Forces 1935,-1940 (41)

9,059

"Three captured sketches, und2.ted, issuing

authority not specified, showing ~isposition and

strength of h1Ti .. 1RLJJ\i:0S ELi:.T INDIES forces on the

islands of .JJiVi. 9 SU::J..TRL and ELLI are reproduced as

Figures 5, 6- and 7. Although the sketches D.re not

individually dated, one of them bears the note

'1935 to the present. i The present would seem from

internal evidence to refer to l';AO or 19410 II


9,C60

1 The Tribunal may wish to examinE: the maps

2 on pe.ges 36, 37 and 38.

3 I will go to page 39, paragraph 34:

4

5 lIThe following intelligence report on BRI1'lSH

6 1~E1I, GUI.l~EA. is based on the Ob38J.'V2. tions of l'v.laj or

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TOYOFLi~u, Tetsuo, in March 1941. The experience

gained by this officer was subsequently utilized

through his appointment to the staff of the South

Seas Detachment, the force which later fought over

this same CO'l i'1try Q The preface and. text of the

report read as fellows:

II ! ~\.dl i tary Data on BRITI;;'Ii ~.BV.' GUINEA

II I L ener2.1. Sta.ff Headquarters

IIIReproduced by~ General Headquarters,

Southern i-~rmy

,,! Headquarters, Easterr.i. Detachment,

"r~ October 1942

\I'This data was ccmp~.:\~d from the report of

an inspection byMaj or TOYOfUi,U, Tetsuo, March 1941,

and from data obtained and arranged thereafter.

IIIRei'erences perused for data are; 'kilitary

Report on British owned NE~ GUINEt f , published by

the l.tavs.1 General Stoodf September 1940; Volume II

of q~EW C.Ul.i.U:.A Sailing Directory' published by


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9,061

Hydrogrrphic Deprrtmcnt; Cherts Nos. 854, 857, 859,

878, rnd other necessnry mpps~

IIIP['rt I - Militcry Vclue of BRITISH

NEW GUIliEL ['no. SOLONION 1slrnds:

1l!Th0se ~osssssions, together vJith the

DU'l'CH ELST InDIES Lrchipclrogo, form [' l1.rturr'l

berrier intcrsEcting the PLCIFIC OCEhN from north

to south. The northern end is within the rrdius

of [ctlon of our bombers from most of our South

SOl" Mende.ted 1slC'nCi.s, [,!1.0 the southsrn end is wi thin

the r['dius of ['ction of bombers froTil thE: northsrn

pr~rt of LUST1, 1,1IL 0 (It is C'pproximr tely 1000 kilo

meters"-J'rom TRUK r.nd PONLPE Isl('nds, in our South

SC['. Mr.,.udr.te, to RL.BL1JL, crpitrl of the Lustrrlion

M['.ndc.ted Territory; cpproximc.tcly 1250 l\ilomE::tors

('rom COOKTOVm ~ NORTH L.USTRJ~L1L, to RJlBLUL, rnd

c.~oproximetely 600 kilomet8rs to PORT MORESBY 0)

Th8Y ere sopr.rr.tod from the Lustr['lirn Continent 19

by the nr.rroVJ TORRES STRLIT. Consequently, posses-20

sion of this territory would mrke it er.sy to obtrin 21

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tho COmInr.no of ['ir rnd seC' in the South West PLC1F1C

end to acquire 'stepping stone' br.sss for operrtions

C'g('.inst LUSTRLLIL. Control of the southern cae st of

NEVI GUErnL, in pC'rticulC'r control of TORRES STRL1T,

would cut communict'tions between the South PhCIFIC


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9,062

---_._------------

OCEAN 2nd DUTCH EAST INDIES os well os th(-; INDIAN

OCEAlZ Arc'" 9 [1nd w'0111d force the enemy fleet to

dciour to the Southern c08st of AUSTRALIA.

tl' As mentioned nbove, it is crnsidered

th2t this is str2eegically imDortent territory for

Japanese Operrtions in thb South Seas, csnecielly

7 ogc::inst AUSTRALIA. ?Torcover, JCD<'"'nesc forcc:s should

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c cnsider it very fortune:' tc thD t the ;')lacos used r s

brses for air and soa forces in this territory are

not few.rl1


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,,~ Q..

Troops.

I will turn to nage 42, paragraph 35:

"35. Pre-War Esrionage in Austro.lia

Sketch Showing Disrosition of Australian

9,063

"An annoto.ted sketch showing the disposition

of Australian military forces 28 of July 1940 is re

produced as Figure 8. The sketch apt' ears to have

been issued by OSArtu (16 Army) Grout' Headquarters." ,

The Tribunal may wish to E~xamine the sketch

on 'Cage 43. I

F~,ge 44:

"Table issued by OSAl\!.:U (16 Army) Group

Headquarters, dated July 1940, and setting forth the

-organization of the Australian Army, reads as fol-

lows:"

The Tribunal may wish to examine the table

on page 44, page 45, page 46 and page 47.

THE FRESIDENT: Yes, Mr~ English.

Iv'!R. ENGLISH: I will turn to rage 47, t'ara-

grarh 36:

"SECURITY MELSUHES IN KOREA

"Prior to 8 DeceMber 1941 iJrecP'l1tions

rgrinst the ler:>krge of informrtion were detriled

rnd thorough. An officie1 document dated Sentcmber

1941 shows thrt 19 Division in KOREL took most


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elr-borC'te ]rE::crutions to ~Jrcv(;nt pny news of militc:'ry

vC'.lue from being obtcined by nC'tionE'ls of othE:r

countries.

11 'ExtrC'cts from Counter-EslJionC'ge RegulC'

tions c.rrftod 30 Soptember 1941, held by 47 Field

AntiC'ircrrft brtillery B['ttr-lion bC'sed 19 Division

Steff Report.

rttME:,C'sures to be trken viThile rwriting

orders.

nINo. 1 Policy.

II r Perioo ic['l rnd pro['Tc ssivG reform in

struction will be given concerning countcr

esrionrge rnd vrrious regulrtions. Do not permit

nC'tives of ene!!lY territory to pC'rticiprte in our

schemes for obtrining intelligence of rny kind.

Lt the sc.me time the ['rousing of [' positive con

scioDsness in officers end men (employees included)

so they crn pct in themselves to nullify rna com

~letely crush the vrrious plC'ns pnd str['tegies

of the enemy. Thus, by hoodwinking the enemy

~nd hiding our own plcns we will hrve nothing to

ferr in putting our militrry prep['rrtions into

oper['tion.

IltPrrrgr['ph 21. - Restrict the cont['ct

of milit['ry DErsonne1 ~ith foreigners ESDccir-l1y


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9,OG5

-----.-." .. ---.------...... -.-.. -.. - ---.-.... --.... - ... "" .. , .......... --.. --....... -------------r

those outsiOE; bc.rrrcks, to thrt of offici['l business.

(Prrticulrrly in regC'.rd to l['ngur ge study rnd religion).

"' Prc-cf.'utions 'Ji11ll prrticul['rly be trkcn

wi th Englishmen, j.mcricrns, Russic.ns ['nd rnti

'Hitlerites', of whom there c.re r l['rge number,

even though they ['re Germrns, to ('void TI1rlicious

behC'viour or prevent discovery of our intentions.

"'Control the :' ssoc1.rtton of Korer-.n

Christh'ns inith Englishmen fnd Lmcricrns.

nlPrrrgrrph 22. - Wrtch the convcrsrtion

of the frmilies of sol~iErs, esnecirlly children,

['nd rcostict thE::ir rC\.lul.sition of rnrtters th<:'t

concern the rrmy.

IItJ .. c.ting in concert with the provincirl

ruthorities ~['rticulrrly the school ruthorities,

keep control OVGr wild rumours rnd frIse reports

from students (T~N. school children) and mrke (ln

rttempt to guid€ them in such mrtters.

IIIErch household will report domicile,

etc. of ['II Korer-ns employed by the commrnder of

the unit to ,rrhich it is rssocirted.

"IBE; strict in supervision rno. investigrtion

of merchrnts, e spEcie lly Kororns entering ['nd

lerving the compound of the officir.l re sidence.

If I Prrr grr,;,h 38. -Enforce cl.irections con-

I


0,06G

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3

cerning nrevention of (;sDionC'ge 'Phen h['ving dc['lings

1~lith gcncrrmcs rnd with government ['no. TlrivC'te

schools of erch province in KOREL. Llso with

4 post offices, jonrnrlists, etc.

s It rp['r['grr.ph 54 -Develop in solcliers the

6 f~culty of prc.~nting espionrge rnd let them

7 develop their own resourcefulness. It is

8 expected thrt they will be on speciC'l gU2rd

9 ~hen in contrct with Korerns, etc. (For exp~ple,

10 Korcrns exC'mining the contents of soldiers'

11 'Vvrstcprper brsk€ts.)'"

12 "SLCTION IV. PUBLICLTIOIm OF liiILITLRY

13 SIGNIFICLNCE

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"37. GIlJERLL

I~ survey of c<'pturcd documents indic['tes

thrt f' considcrrble number of trrining mC"nurls,

instructions, etc., berring dirsctly on subsequ(;nt

mili trry operrtior:s were published dlJring the yeor

rno c hrlf :ireceding the outbrerk of ~H['r. Nor]1'lrl

mili trry progroms m['y well ['ccount for the greC'.ter

pf'rtof theSE) publi.crtions. In TY1['ny instp'nces,

however, th€ir subj cct T'lotter serves to documEmt

the trencl of Jrp['nese militC'ry interest, while in

C' fev.1 crses officiC'.l strten:c-nts 1JrcfrcE-)G to pub-25

licrtions 2re clerrly indicrtive of the rpprorching


--.-.-------.----.------- .. ------.~--~----------

1 crisis. A list of ~ertinent nublicrtions chrono-

2 logicrl1y 2rr~yed rccording to drts of issue, is

3 set forth in tho follm1'ing "prrr gr 2:ph.

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!'38. LIST OF PT:13LIC£TIons

"Mili trry Geog-rr';Jhy of NETI-IERLLTlTDS ELST

INDIES

"List of !:1i1:Lt["ry secret cocumel1ts received,

belonging to 41 Infrntry Regiment, doted 9 July

1942, conte ins the follovdng i terns:

IIfDe'te of PrEpC're'tion

II t 30 j,pri1 19AO

"II November 1940

"'1 }!ovE::mber 1940

Ift30 Lugust 1941

"t 15 Octobc.:r 1941

Subjoct

BRITISH r:TLLl-.YL:

Mili trry Googr['y.,l:w rnd

Generr..l Dcscrirtion.

DUTCH ELST IrTDIES: I~ilit['ry

DUTCI.-i ELST nmIrS g J1ilitrry

Gf30grr 11hy. (Seprrrtc vol1JIl1.s)

BRITISH BORNEO: tlili t['ry

Geogrrphy ['no.. G Gner[~1

Description.

The Resources

BRITISH l.~LLj.YL. II


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.--~---.,---------" .. ----'

I will read only the paragraphs which I

indicate:

lid. Rapid Trnining of Air Service

F ersonnel.

"Index list of military secret documents

taken over by Confidential Books Officer of 41

Infantry ';1.egiment on 10 October 1942. Prepared by

9,068

8 War Ministry:

9 "D3_ te or Frepara tion Subject

10 April 10, 1941 On the ranid training

11 of men for air service.

12 "e. Future Treasure of JAI-AN.

13 "Colored map entitled 'Great East ASIA and

14 FACIFIC, t issued by Cabinet Frinting Depl rtment on

15 I 30 April 1941. Pencilled near NEW GUIKEA is the com.·

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ment -- 'Future treasure of JAFAN, Population

300,000. rll

I will turn to page 50, paragraph (i):

"1. Map of Mili tary Ins t!J.lla tions -

SINGAPORE.

"Colored mapenti tIed, 'East A sin Co-F ros ....

per i ty Sphere, Large I\'~ap of 'Wes tern PACIF'IC OCEAN,'

published in September 1941, issuing authority not

specified. Insets include: N[ap of world, sketch map

of mili t8.ry install,,} tions of SIl\ GAP OHE, detr, iled map


9,069

1 ':;lIL'.H Ifllc nels.

2

5 d~tcd 18 Scptcmbar 1911. Introduction contr.inD the

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II'Tli.is book: ',!::O di:::tl'ibut;Q ~·.'i thout dcl!~y

I1n. Ide,)1 tiE i cr: 1.:i on

II Prill ted IIr.nc1b ook en ti tled r IclcntLCicr~ ti on

tr.ry :Sc1ucr.tion. I

Steff.

cktcd October 10, 1011. fll


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9,069 1/:

I direct tho Tribunc.l'[J ~ttcDti(m to

Il.ppcndix "", ,\Thieh is C'. ch8.rt of the m~ttcr cont['inod

4 52 rnd :nds on P~Gc 65.

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K1. LOGAN: If the Tribunal please, -

THE F RESIDE!': T: LI,T. Logan.

Li.. LOGAN: (Continuing) in the first page

9,070

of this document it apr ears that this report was

solely based on documentary evidence held at ATIS,

GHQ prior to 1 January 1945. The defense would like

to know if these documents are still held by ATIS or

by the frosecution staff; and, if so, we would like

to have the opportunity of examining them both be

cause of trans12tion matters and to ex~mine portions

which were omitted in the repo~t.

THE hlESIDENT: nCr. English.

1,'::R. ENGLISH: Your Honor, the Frosecution

14 Section h~s not in its possession any of these docu-

15 ments, nor ho.s the Allied Translator and Interrreter

16 Section of GHQ the documents here in Tokyo.

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TEE FRESIDEL T: Do you sugges t that the

defense might be allowed to neruse the material from

which this rerort has been rrade up if th2,t opr.ortuni ty

presents itself? It does seem to be in the inter

ests of a fair trial that they should have that

opr-ortunity.

la. EFGLISH: Yes, your Honor.

~r.fF~: PRESIDEr; T: I feel the.. t all my col-

1_ leagues agree with thee t"


1 ~iS_'-\. ENGLISH: In fact, your Honor, the

2 Frosecution Section made serious efforts to obtain

3 these documents but was unable to get them.

4 THE Fl-1ESIDENT: Was any reason given to

5 you?

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~~..i.. ENGLISH: I have a communication here,

your Honor.

THE FHESIDEI\ T: I will deal with the matter

in Chambers on an application by the defense.

hCi. -:.'NGLISH: That would be the proper

place, your Honor.

THE F :lESIDEl\ T: iFhp.t was that?

El\GLISH: I submit that that might be

the proper place to deal with this matter, in

Chambers.

THE F:\E,~;IDEl\ T: It is unless you have some

material there that indicates that an application

wo~ld be useless.

9,071


9,072

---------------------------------------------------------- -------,

l' o 1

MR. :8..T-JGLISH: I have a communication from

1 ATIS addressed to the Chief of the Investigation f 2

&

'It J..

e 1 d e

Division of IPS, which reads as follows:

n I hereby inform you that they were shipped from 7

..

8 Brisbane, Australia, and ~,1anila, Philippine Islands,

9 to the 17\Tashington Document Center, '''Jashington, D.C.

10 during the period Ifray, 1945, to October, 1945."

11 TH3 PRESIDENT: They are in '7ashington,

12 that is the answer.

13 IIILR .. ENGLISH: That is the answer, your Honor.

14 THE PRESIDENT: Do you see any reason why

15 I ohould not make an order -- why the Tribunal should

16 not mako one -- for their pr~duction here?

17 In{. ZNGLISH: A m6mber of the prosdcution

18 staff went to T!!J'ashington to try to get _ the documents

19 but was unable to do so. However, there is no reason 20

21

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23

why such an order should not be made, your Honor.

THE PRESIDENT: Photostat copies will dn.

The pr~secution not objecting, we make an

order for the production of the originals or photo-24

stat copies~ 25

~ffi. ENGLISH: ~ill the Clerk- mark for ._------_ .. _-_.-....... -._ .. _,------

I I

i


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9,073

._--------_._. __ ._--_._---------------_ .. _----_._-------,

identification prosecution's document No •. 1555,

entitled "Tokyo Gazette," Volume V, No.8, February,

19421

Reference is made to court exhibit No. 448,

page 5102 of the record being three certificates

showing the source of the "Tokyo Gazette" as having

come from the Japanese Institution of Forei?n Affairs

and certifying thB.t these magazines were issued under

governmental supervision.

I offer in evidence prosecution's document

No. 1555-1, an excerpt from prosecution's document

No. 1555, in the form of a Ministerial Address of

the accused TOJO to ~~e 78th Session of the Imperial

Diet, December 16, 1941.

THE PRESIDEN1': Admitted on the usual terms.

CLERK OF' THE COURT: Prosecution I s document

No. 1555 will receive exhibit No. 879 for identifica-

tion only. Prosecution's document No. 1555-1 will

receive exhibit No. 879-A.

(1~'hereupon, prosecution's document

No. 1555 was marked prosecution's exhibit

No. 879 for identification; and prosecution's

document No. 1555-1 was marked prosecution's

exhibit No. 879-A and was received in evidence.)

MR .• ENGLISH: I ·will read the last paragraph


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7.S

9,074

of page 2:

IIl"e o'we the officers a.nd men of the Army

a.nd Navy debts of heartfelt gratitu~e and unbounded

admiration for the demonstration of their great

prowess. For years they have been silently going

through hard training in preparation for this day.

Once war starts, they go to the front, with no

thought of returning alive, for the cause of the

State. tl

I offer in evidence prosecution's document

No. 2521, which is a chart prepared by the First

Demobilization Bureau of the Japanese Government

showing the total strength of the Japanese Army

from January 1, 1930, to January 1, 1944.

THE PRESIDENT: Admitted on the usual terms.

CLERK OF THE COURT: Prosecution's document

No. 2521 will receive exhibit No. 880.

(l"hereupon, the document above

referred to vvas marked prosecution's exhibit

No. 880 and was received in evidence.)

VIR. ENGLISH: I will read the chart:

"The Total strength of the Japanese Army.

1 Jan. 1930 17

17

4

Total Strength

250,000

250,000 II " " 1931 4

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9,075

THE PRESID~T: Read vlhere the big chE'.nges

take place.

"1 Jan.

" II

" " " II

" It

11 II

MR. ENGLISH:

1938 26

1939 35

1940 43

1941 53

1943 68

1944 80

(Continuing)

r;' -'

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* * * 25

41

950,000

1,130,000

1,240,000

1~350,000

2,400,000

2,900,0('0"--

T·IfS PReSIDENT: 1942 is \~!orth reading.

1ffi. ~NGLISH: (Continuing)

liThe number of dlvision ShOV'IS the total of

infantry divisions, tank diVisions, flying division

groups, flying divisions and flying training divisions."

THE PRESIDENT: For 1942 the figures are:

"1=:'6 2 5 .I, , 2,100,000."

~,m. ENGLISH: 2,100,000 men; 56 -- 25

19 brigades -- 2,100,000 men. (Continuing):

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"The number of brigades ShOV1S the total of

independent mixed brigades, independent infantry

brigades, cavalry brigQdes, artillery brigades, inde

pendent tank corps, task brigades on sea and the

Karafuto Mixed Brigade.

IItTotal Strength' shows the permanent


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e~~ablishment, so the number is roughly estimated.

"The necessery meteriels to the estimation

of the above numbers were lost on account of burning

up 8.nd so on at the termination of the war. So, this

is the best record that the 1st Demobilization

Bureau ~an offer ~")t present (July 16, 1946) through

various remaining records (and a part of them was

collected from memories)."

This conclud~s this phase of the case.

Brigadier Quj.lliam 1,'.1ill nO~N introduce evidence of

the illegal fortification of Japan's mandeted islands.

THE PRESIDENT: Brigadier Quilliam.

BRIGADIER 0UILLI.AM: Mr. President and

Members of the Tribunal, it is now proposed to present

evidence which it is submitted will show that from the

year 1932 onwards Japfm, in vio18tion of treaties

and \Fiith a view to future wars of aggression, fortified

and established mtlitary 3nd naval bases in the islends

in the Pacific held by her under mandate from the

League of Nations.

The counts of the Indictment to which this

evidence relates are all those in Group One, namely,

counts 1 to 36, inclusi\Te, , and the sections of the

Appendices 2ffected pre Section 5 (c) of Appendix A

2nd Clauses 15, 18 ~,nd 31 of Appendix B.


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9,077

In order to show the situ~tion of the

Jepanese mend2ted islnnds I offer in evidence IPS

document No. 1756-H, being an excerpt from ItThe

JpP~. Year Book 1941-42"," This book has been nlready

produced in evidence and is court exhibit No. 276.

THE PRESIDENT: This excerpt is pdmitted on

the usual terms.

CLERK OF THE COURT: Prosecution's document

No. 1756-H ".rill receive exhibit No. 881.

(?vhereupon, the document above

ref rred to was marked prosecution's ex.lJ.ibit

No. 881 !1.nd '.',as received in evidence.)

BRIGADIER QUILLI.AM: I yJill now read the

excerpt which is t2ken from page 909 of the book:

"South Sea Islcmds under Japan's Mandate.

Geographical Features.

"The South Sea Islands mpndated to Japan,

numbering over 1,400, vIi th an Bggreg8.te nre2 of

2,148.80 squ2re kilometers, are the Mr.riana, Nprshall

and Cproline groups, betv,'een 1310 10 ' and 1720 10' of

east longitude and between 1°15' and 20°32' of north

latitude. The Hawaiian Islands are to the east; the

Philippines cmd Celebes to the ;pest; the Bonin

Islands to the north, and Nerv Guinea to the south.

Only one island among them, i.e. Guam, belongs to the


9,078.

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United States.

"The ~~ariana archipelafo starts close to

the southern end of the Bonin Islands, stretching

torc12crd the equator, 2nd the Marshall and Caroline

groups Gxtend to th(c; east and WE,'\st along the equator,

formj.ng an inverted letter t T' c'Ji th the Marianas.

About 740 miles south 'if the Bonin Isle.nds lies

Saipan, the laJ'gest of the 152ri8.nas, and about 180

miles farther ·south is Truk, one of the largest of

the Carolines, l'"c'hich marking the eros sing point of

the irverted I~', is the center of the mandated

territory. The line of 1480 east longitude divides

the Carolines into the '~Jest Carolines, rrith Palau

('md Y,:p, pnd the East Carolines q with Truk and Ponape.

Because of the distances bet~een the islands and the

extensive area covered by them, communications C.re

difficult. The fact th2t each group of isles uses

different 'Jords peculiar to itself sufficiently dem-

onstrates the degree to '.'hich they C're separated."

15r. President, I have here copies of a map

22 prep2rE~d and issued by the American Army 1,;Iap Service.

23 The map sherns the mandE:ted islands of Japan and their

24 situation \.11i th respect to other countrie-s. I have

25 been able to obtain a copy for each Member of the

Tribunal and also four copies for the defense. It

!

I


9.079

1 has not been reproduced 01' trc:mslc.ted in accordance

2 ";i th the Tri bUl:o.l' s rules, and I am therefore unable

3 to offer it in evidence. I respectfully suggest,

4 hm'i8ver, thet it v:'ould be helpful to the Nember..s of

5 the Tribunal to be able to refer to the map and that

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no p:rejudice r.'ould be cc1Used the defense. I under-

stand that the defense has no objection to this

course. If the l'.·~embers of the Tribunal 1"ish to have

the maps for reference they can be h2nded to the

Clerk now.

THE PRESIDENT: There being no objection

by the defense, tender the map. You tender it,

Brigadier, and it is admitted on the usual torms.

BRIG.ADIER QUILLl.Al\1; I tender the map in

evidence, if it please the Tribunal, nm'!.

CL:ZRK OF' THE COllRT: These maps, v:i thout

prosecution's identifying number, 1;'ill be given

exhibit No. 882.

(1~nereupon, the map above referred

to \'.'as mC'.rked prosecution's exhibit No. 882

and received in evidence.)

MR. LEVIN: ]Tr. President.

THE PRES IDENT : Nr. Levin.

~ffi. LEVIN: On behalf of the defense may I

state that we have heretofore advised Brigadier


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0uilliam that there would be no objection ~ith

reference to pu~suing this course.

9,080

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9,081

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'.LEE PRESIDENT: Brigadier Quilliam.

BRIGADIER qUILLIAlvL May it please the

Tribunal, in order to explain the hi-story of Japanrs

Mandate, it is necessary to refer to Article 22 of . the Covenant of the League of Nations, to the terms

of the Mandate, and to the Treaty in respect of the

Mandate me,de between the United States and Japan.

The Covenant of the League of Nations has been

alrea~y produced in evidence as Court exhibit No.

23. Article 22 of the Covenant is as follows:

liTo those colonies end territories which

as a consequence of the late war have ceased to

be under tr.c) sovereignty of the states ""'hich formerly

, governed them and which are inhabited by peoples 15 I

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not yet able to st,":nd by themselves un(~er _ the

strenuous conditions of the modern world, there should

be applied the nrincipie thGt the 1 ell-being and

development of such peoples form a sacred trust of

civilization and that securities for the performence

of this trust should be embodied in this covenant.

"The best method of giving practicD,l effect

to this ori-nciple is that the tutelage of such peoples

should be entr~sted to adv~nced nations who by reason

of their resources, their experience "Yr their g,ec"

graphical nosition can best undertake this responsibility


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9,082

and who Gre willing to 2ccept it, and that this

tutelage should be ex'rcised by them as ~,iandatories

on behalf of the League.

"The character of the mand8te must differ

according to the staRe of the development of the

., +1,- . t- • '1 . t t ' f tv t ' ,J.. peODJ.e, ull6 gE:ogrn'l).L1J.ca, 81 UG10n 0 .,le err1 l"ory,

its econo~ic conditions and other similar circumstances.

IIr t' 't' fIb 1 ' t '.' er [nn comrr.unJ_ les ormer y e onglng 0

the TDrkish Empire l::'2ve reached a 3tage of development

where their existence as indenendent nations can be

prOVisionally recognised subject to tLe rendering

of adn:inistrative advice and assistance by a Mandatory

until such time as they are able to stand alone~

The vvishes of thE.;se communities must be a principal

consideration in the selection of the Mandatory.

\I Other peoples, especia11y those of Central

Africe, are at such a stage that the i\;landatory must

be res"Oonsib18 for the administration of the territory

under conditions wbich will guarantee freedom of

conscience and religion, subject only to tL,e maintenance

of nublic order and morals, the nrohibition of abuses

suct 2S the slave trade, the arms traffic and the

liquor traffic, and the prevention of the estab-·

lishrnent of fortifications or rrilitary and naval bases

and of military training of the natives for other than


9,083

1 police purposes and the defence of territory, and

2 will also secure cqu~l onDortvnities for the trade

3 an6 commerce of other Members of the League.

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lIThere are territories, such as South-VTest

Africa ~nd certain of the South Pacific Islands,

wt-lich, owing to tLe spG.rseness of their popule.tion,

or thoir small size, or their remoteness from the

centres of civilization, or their geographiccl

contiguity to the territory of the mandatory, and

other circ'lmstances, can be best administered under

the laws of the Mandatory as integr~l portibns of

its territory, subject to the safeguards above mentioned

in the interests of the indigenous population.

!lIn every C3se of mnndate, the Mandatory

shall render to the Council 3n annual renort in

reference to the territory cOIDffiitted to its charge.

liThe degree of authority, control, or adminis-18

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, tration to be exercised by the Mandatory shall, if

not previously ngrer:?d nnon by the members of the

League, be exnlicitly defined in ench case by the

Cop.ncil.

"A permanent Commission shall be constituted

to receive and examine the annual reports of the

Mandatories 2nd to advise the Council on all matters

relating to the observance of the mand2tes. 1I


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9,084

-----~~~-----~ -~----- --~--------------.----,

In accordance with the provisions of Article

22 of the Covenant Jnpc:n was, on the 17th December

1920, granted [t mand2.te to adrrinister the groups

4 of IsJ_ands mentioned. The provisions of the Mandate

5 are set out in full in the Treaty made on the 11th

6 February 1922 between the United states and Jrl.Pan

7 which has been uroduced in evidence as Court exhibit

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No. 29. It is not proposed unless the Tribunal directs

otherwise to prove the Mnndate ns a separate document.

It is, I apprehend, unnecessary to refer

to nIl the nrovisions of the Mandate Bnd I will read

only Article 4, which is as follows:

liThe Military trnining of the natives,

otherwise than for purposes of internal police and

the local defence of the territory, shall be prohibited.

Furthermore no militnry or nevsl bases shall be

established or fortifications erected in the terri tory .11

I will now read sLort extr2.cts from the

Treaty made on the Iltt February 1922 between the

United E)tat(:s Dnd Japan (Court exhibit No. 29) under

which the United states consented to the administration

of tLe Islnnds by Japan.

1\ Arj;icle 1. - Sub jec t to the '(Jrovisions

of the present Convention~ the United states consents

to the administration by Japan, pursuant to the

----------------.. ".--.--,,~--.-----


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9,085

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afores~id Mand~te, of all the former German Islands

in the Pacific Ocean, lying north of the Equator.

"Article II(first paragraph) - The United

States and its nationals shall receive all the benefits

of the engagements of Japan, defined in Articles

3,4 and 5 of the afores2id Mandate, notwithstanding

the fact that the United States is not o. Member of

the League of hat:i.ons."

I wish now to refer to the assurance given

by tb.e Japanese Amb2.ssador to the Secretary of

State on the execution of the Tre~lty which hns just

been mentioned, with respect to the extension of the

Usual comity to nationals and vessels of the United

14 States in visiting the Islands. The assurance is

15 printed as an addendum to the Treaty on pnge 5

16 . of Court exhibit No. 29 and (excluding formal parts)

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is as follows:

"Japanese Embassy,

"Washington,

"Febr1.13.ry 11, 1922.

II I d . th' , t t1.-. . t n procee lng lS Q~y O~le slgna ure

of the Convention between Jnl)an nnd the United

S tn tes with respect to the islnnds, under Japan! s

Mandate, situated in the Pacific Ocean and lying

north of the Equntor, I ho.ve the honour to assure

,------,-------------,----,------


9,086

r------------------------ .. -.~~~--~ .. -----.-.,

I you, undGr Quthorization of my Government, that the

1/ usual comity will be extended to nationals and vessels 2

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of the United States in visiting the harbors and

waters of those; islands."

It is now proposed to "Jroduce tvwnty-fivc,:

documents being the original depositions of 25 residents

of the Mandated Islands. As each original deposition

is produced it is proposed to read an excerpt or

excerpts from the deDosition. By an Order made by

the Tribuna.l on tl:8 5th July (Pnper No. 275) compliance

with Rule 6(b)(1) of t'l2.e Tribunal's Rules of Procedure

was disnensed with on certain terms. It should be

mentioned that we h8.VE' gone further thnn the require-

ments of the Tribunal's Order and have served the

defendants with full English copies of t~e depostions.

The' prosec1.1 tion, however, rely only on thOSE: pnrts

of the depositions which will be read to the Tribunal

D.nd which [:re marked on the originals and English

19 copies. The full depositions have not been translated

20 into Japanese, only tte Gxcerpts. It is submitted that

21 tteSG excerpts \,'ill prove that Por several years

22 Drior to December 1941 Japan made fortifications nnd

23 military and naval bases in her M~ndated Islands.

24 The first eleven depositions Are made by

25 residents of islands in the Marianas Group.

,---------------------------~~-- --


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a oSP ./ , JU

AFTERNOON SESSION

The Tribunal met, pursuant to recess, at 1330.

IjARSHAL OF THE COURT: The Interna ttonal

Military Tribunal for the Far East is now resumed.

1\JrD SO' "'IYA I srv"IYA Sh· .. 1 !VJ.n. K,,: am \,,1','., , InJl, counse

for the defendant OKA, Takazumi.

THE PC\ES IDE NT: Mr. SOEIYA.

MR. SOI;,;:IYA: I wish to speak on. the document

recently presented by the prosecution concerning the

affidavit of an inhabitant of the South Seas. The

inhabitants of the South Seas are of a very low cultural

leve:, and there are those among them who can neither

count nor even }znow their own ages. On looking over

the af?idavits I tind that some of them that many

of them -- that in many of them there is a confusion

between the years preceding the war and those after the

war began.

THE TriON ITOR: The facts preced ing the war and

MR. SOMIYA: (Continuing) Therefore, I

earnestly hope that we will be permitted to cross-examine

these witnesses before this Tribunal. Mr. Logan has

already asked for thp appearance of the affiant as

witness in this case, and I, myself, want on my part to


q 089 , ,

-_._--------_ .. _---_ ..... __ ... _ .. _._-_ .. _---

1 add my appeal to that of Mr. Logan. It is true that one

2 of the affiants is a Japanese. I have heard that this

3 Japanese has recently been repatriated. I say that

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by the vvay. Thank you.

THE PRESIDENT: Brigadier Quilliam.

BRIGADIER QUILLIAM~ May it please the

Tribunal, in the first instance, I feel that I can

properly give an assurance to the Tribunal and to my

I learned friend, :Hr. Logan, that in add i tion to the

depositions, material, cogent evidence will be produced.

As regards the competency of these deponents,

may I suggest the Tribunal should later on make any

order that might be considered necessary in the circum-

stances~

FR. LOGAN'~ In view of counsel's statement,

may it please the Tribunal, we would like to suggest

these affidavits be received at this time conditionally

subject to the other proof the Brigadier mentioned.

THE PRESIDENT: Well, Mr. Logan's application

is based on the absence of other evidence besides the

affidavits. We must hear the other evidence that you

say you have, Brigadier, before we come to a decision.

We admit the document on the usual terms.

CLERK OF THE COL~T: Prosecution's document



9,090

1 I--------------~~~:~::;:~-,--~~--~-~~~e-men;~~::~-~::-u-

, men t wa s !{]9.:::'"!:F"1 pros ecut ion f s exhibi t No. 2 t

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883 eXlC:: :('(';!cd.ved in ,,;vidence.)

B~:iIJ-4.:2:r£H~UILLIAM: I will now read an

excerpt from the doposition. It is dated 16 March 1946.

(Read::1 ng) : "I, Mcmuel Blanco, was born on

Saipan on 13 November 1906. I worked for the N.K.K.

as a blacksmith from 1934 to 1944. During this

9 period the Japanese Navy's most important military

10 construction projects were tho buildings of ASLITO

11 Naval Air Base commpnced in 1932 and it was never

12 completed. At the beginning of 1940 anti-aircraft,

13 ceastal batteries, and other type of ordnance were

14 installed at the ASLITO Air field. I saw at that time

15 the NKK train bring plane parts and guns, bombs, etc.,

16 from the pier to the Aslito Naval Air Base. I helped

17 to build a bomb shelter at Aslito Field in 1938. The

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hangars as well as other installations were camouflaged

with grass, trees, and plants beginning in the later

part of 1938."

I offer in evidence I.P,S. Document No. 6024,

being the deposition of YTnkamatsu I.1akoto.


CLERK OF TH.E COURT: Prosecution's do~ument


--------------------------._---._-_._-._----- -


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(Whereupon, the above-mentioned docu

ment was marked prosecution's exhibit No. 884

and r0coived in evidence.)

BRIGADIER QUILLIAN: I will read an excerpt

9,091

5 from th0 deposition. It is dated March 16, 1946.

6 was born at

7 Oita Ken 5 Kyushu, Japan 1 on 13 June 1907. I first

8 came to Saipan in 1935 to work as a Chemical engineer

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for the N. Ko K. I observed various military installa

tiors in the vicinity of the Aslito field on which

construction was commenced in 1933. Two years before

the outbreak of the war, the Japanese military built

a series of concrete trenches and shelters around the

Aslito Air Field, which were designated to serve as

means of protection in case of air raids. In 19401 I

happened to see some Japanese Navy Men storing a huge

amount of ammunition in some warehouses in Aslito Air

Field. Thesd warehouses were situated in a farested

section and were camouflaged to look like treeS. They

were coastal guns located on AGINGilJ~ Point and NAFUTAN

Point. I heard after from llliK officials that there

was an anti ... submarine net in Tanapag HarbQ:r placed

there just before December 1941."


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BRIGADIER QUILLIMJ; I now offer in evidence

I.P.S. Document No. 60l9~ beipg the denosition of

Ignacio Benavente.

THE FRESIDENT: Admitted on the usual terms.

CLERK OF THS COURT: Prosecution's document

6 No. 6019 will receivl exhibit No. 885.

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(:i!Jhereupon ~ the above-mentioned docu

ment was mark8d prosecution's exhibit No. 885


BRIGADIER QUILLIAl'/,: I will read an excerpt

11 from this deposition.

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(Rending): "Date: Msrch 16, 1946.

!II ~ Ignacio Benavente, Farmer and Vi.llage

Chief Assistant~~

!lAs far as I can remember the ASLITO Airfi Edd

wa3 built in 1935. I saw a wireless station and

gasoline t~nks at the same airfield before I left

for Yap in 1937 and another military wireless station

north of Susupo, site of present Signal Supply. I

h0ard at that time that an ammunition dump was being

buil t and also a large tank in 1935 near the harbor. !I

I offer in evidence I.P.S. document No. 6020

being the deposition of Elias P. Sablan.


CLERK OF THE COURT: Pros,ecution' s document

9,092


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(Whereupon, the above-mentioned docu

ment was m8rked prosecution's exhibit No. 886


BRIGADIER QUILL lAM: I will read an excerpt

from this deposition.

(Reading): "Date li:3rch 16, 1946.

"I, Elias Sablan, was born on the 8 of

November 1899, on Saipan, M. I. I worked as foreman

9,093

10 loading and unloading cargoes. This work was carried

11 on at Tanapag harbor in 1931. Aslito Field in 1935

12 was started. In 1939 Banadero construction began.

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The Japanese brought in about lO-inch guns stored them

in warehouses. This occurred around 1937. They were

set up in 1939 and 1940. The forced labor started in

1939 and they tOOY Saipan Chamorros up to a reef to

fortify it. Keeping forced labor there for 6 months.

These people 'Nere paid two yens a day. Early 1931 __ 11

I think, your HODor, that is plainly "1941",

although that is how it appears in the original.

(Reading continued): "Early 1931 the Japs

started bringing in cement, lumber, many airplanes.

In the summer of 1941, they started to bring in figbters,

bombers, and many drums of gas. Forced labor used to 25

help to fortify Saipan was used by the Japanese.


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9,094

"About 18 November 1941 ten young Chamorros

21-25 who could speak English were nicked forcibly and

another group one which later were told they were to

heln the Emperor and Japan. On 6 DGcember they were

sent to Guam on unkno'wn missi'"'n. Second group was

sent to Guam on 8 December 1941. They were USEd to

search the island for gun positions to help the

Japanese but after being turned loose to watch they

hid in tho jungles.'1

I offer in evidence I.P.S. documont No. 6023,

being the deposition G~ Mariano Pangclinan.

TL~ rr1ESIDENT: ~.;:lmi tte>d on the usual terms.

i,~1ERK OP THE COURT: Prosocution! s document

No. 6023 will rec(~ve exhibit No. 8870

(VJhereupon, the above-mentioned document

was marked prosecution's exhibit No.-SS7 and

roceivod in evidence.)

"BRIGADIER QUI11IAM: I 'will now read an

excerpt from the deposition.

(Rf;ad ing): "Da te: 16 M.'.:1rch 1946.

II I ~ ]~ari8.no Pcmgelinan, VJ3.S born on Novembf'r

18Eo in Guam and came to Saipan in 1901. From 1903

to 1945 I serVed as district chief of District #2.

Under the J:lpanese I was a labor foreman. '

"ThE-~ Japanf'.'se Wf're very careful to hide from


9,095

1 the nativp population 311 militsry installations and

2 fortifications, but I saw many signs of Japanese re~rma-

3 ment in Snipan bsfore 1941. This rEnrm~mpnt started

4 gradually around 1935 with the building of tho Aslito

5 air field on the present site of Isley Field and made

6 rapid headway bV 1940. I noticed during this period I

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IS

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th t t .... . t . d ' 1 • t b (' cons ruc lon OL ammunl lon umps, m~~l ary ar-

racks, ::md other military instal1at10ns. tI

I offer in evidence I.P.S. document No. 6025,

being the deposition 0'" Antonio Angnilen.

TH':::~ PRESIDENT: Admitted on th~' usual terms.

CL.ERK CC THE COURT: Prosecution I s document

No. 6025 will receive exh~bit No. 888.

O!heroupon, thc' r'bove-mcmtioned docu

mnnt was mark0d prosocution's exhibit No. 888

and roc0iv~d in evidence.>

BRIGADIER C,'UIl,LIA~:: I vlil1 novv read em

excerpt fro~ th2- doposition.

(Ri:;ndi_ng): "D:::.te: 16 ~['arch 1946.

If I wo.s born on Saipnn 24 ~::ovemb('r l88? I

was elected District Chief of Carolinans in 1912 while

under the rule of the Germans. At present I hold the

Same job. The Japanese ordered me to retain the same

position. In 1935 a Naval Air Base at Tanapag was

st~rted. In 1937 Aslito (Isley) air field was built.


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5

In 1940 J,s.psnc:sc er.rol3.ccments "I;'l0rE' put up. II


being the deposition of Juan M. Ada.


CLERK OF THE CO~rlT: Prosecution's document

6 No. 6026 will receive exhibit No. 889.

7 (~hereupon, the above-mE'ntioned docu-

B ment was marked prosecution's exhibit No. 889

9 ! nnd received in evidence.)

10 BRIGADIER QUILL lAM: I will now read an

11 oxcerpt from tho deposition.

12 (Re2ding): "Date: 16 r,/I;;J.rch 1946.

13 "I W!lS born in GU,:1m on October 24, 1886, and

14 came to Snipen in 1890. In 1937 I w~s elected Head I

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Chief of G~rapan Vil12ge. In 3dministr~ting the

village I was forced to t3ke orders from the Japanese.

In 1935 tho Japanese bought up the farms in the arca

of Tannpa~ Village and immediately star~d building a

N3v2l Air Base."

I offer in evidence I.F.S. document No. 6021,

being the deposition of ConcepCion Blanco.


CLEID{ OF THE COURT: Prosecution's document


(~bereupon, tho above-mentioned document

9,096


9,097

---"--_ .. _---- --------------.. --------

1 ~as m~rk0d prosecution's exhibit No. 890

2 and received in evidencp.)

3 BRIGADIER QUILLIM~: I will now read an excerpt

4 from the d'.?posi tion.

5 (Reading): "16 M~lrch 1946.

6 !lI~ Concepcion Blanco, ngo 27, WQS born on

7 S!1ipan on 13 DecOT:1ber 1918. I worked 8S n clerk and

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telephone operator in the Japanese Naval Construction

department at T .nap2g H2rbJr9 Saipnn frOD 1938 to 1944.

In this capacity I had the opportunity to observe the

construction Jf Japanese nilitary fortific 0 tions and

instnllo.tions beforo Dec(;IJ.bel" 1941.. Six underground

tanks were) constructed in 1937 ~ I snw fuel installn-

tions at the seaplane base. Thore wore five barracks

housing about 3000 nilit~ry and naval personnal. The

construction of those began in 1938. There were two

radio st(ltions constructed in 1938. There were five

signal st~tions operated by Kasuga butai at Garapan,

Shibata butai at Garapnn, Nofuten, Agranhan, Tanapag,

Mngacienne Bay. A Navy Re~r Adnirnl W8S in chnrge of

nIl these signnl stntiuns.1l


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9,098

BRIGADIER QUILLIA!;[ (Continuing): I offer in

evidence I.P.S. document No. 6017, being the deposition

of Vincente de Le~~ Guerrero.

THE PRBSIDENT: Admitted on the usual terms.

CLERK OF THE Ca:rRT: Prosecutionts document

No. 6017 wll1 re-ceivG oxhibit No. 891.

(Whereupon, the above-mentionr:d document

8 was marked prosecution's exhibit No. 891 and

9 I received in evidence.) I

10 I BRIGADIER QUILlLIAM~ I wi L\,. read an exc0.rpt.

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(Reading): "Date: 15 jdbrch 1946.

"'I WA.S born on the 9th O:':ober 1898 in

Gerapan, Salpan. Since the age of 7 I entered the

14 Public German Scheo1 up to the age of 16, when I was

15 I graduated in April 1913. On December 1913, I was

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sended to Ya p to the German Dutch Cablc, nnd Co. to work

at the station ~s a operator.

"I was turn(-~d b~ck to Satpan in Fobruary

1915. Since then I work at oy father's farm in

helping my fathnr supporting us, up to the time when

I got married at the age of 25. My job is still a

farmer, when in 1937 I was choosed as a foreman by

order of the Chamorran Administration, to go with a

part" of 30 natives to work .qt the underground tanks

installations at Tenapag Harbor for 3 mcnths. Ther8


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9,099

were 6 underground t2nks (4 big ones and 2 smell).

EDCh tenk of the big size ere approximately 1800

3 Feats round 0 Fe ene inform.ed by the C11.lthority thet

4 we Chnmorros to hnve to c2rry some jobs; because a

5 wnr might hanoen in the very ne~r future, end these

6 inst['llE'. tions must be dnne before too 12 te, those

7 tDnl{s when c0r1nJ.8ted are to be fiDE,c with oil end

8 I gosoline, for the ships thrt h~ve to com~ in SaipDn.

9 I ":e ere informed to keep the worj s very secret. Any-

10 body who tells such things must b0 ')unished by the

11 8uthority. The deepness of erc~ of such tanks are

12 50 feet. The concrete ~round e~ch tank pre 3 feet

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thick Dnd iron pl~tes 0re riveted in concrete. Iron

plntes rmd concrete were used for roofing. I n the in-

side of such ttnks ther~ were iron Dosts constructed

to hold the roof. Hcmy '"lipelines were constructed in

connection of ell the tanks. A big pipeline were

crossing from the t8nlcs to the pier. Plants Dnd trees

werE) used DS camonflage. The loce-tion of such tanks

c:re between whnt is now Hot Plont Fe. 3 and Pipe

Plant. At th8 beginning of the year 1939, the Chcmor

ran Administrrtion rire j.nformec1. fran:. the Duthori ty

to conscript lcbor to send to Xainrn to (Mrrcus Is.)

for another instollotion fo~ B plone bese. The

laborers have to be sended over there for a three


9,100

1 month period. Another bunch of l~borers were sended

2 at tne begin',ing of 1 Q40 0 The wf'.ges Gre ¥l 0 50 per dey

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end is under the J~p2nese Naval OnerDtions.

IIThere were inst<:'lled g'.ln impl,r cements in 1939

here in S8ipon (AAA Br.ttt-)ry behtnd the J[lp2neSe Navel

'q"eneJoll'irteT'S .; n ro'C'rn,,,r'n 12 .·c L J..~.c.. ~ .:_ u(. C,., ,.Ie. ~ sevr:r2J cost21 defenses gun

in Lanhnn, N:::fton Point? j~ging['n Point 2nd I'1ircl~ot

Point). On thE Islnnd in front of T2repo~ Hrrbor

In every gun implocGsent VH~re ~r[:vy personnel 2ttcSched~

(Uni ts of the But[li) ."


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9,101

BRIGADIER C:UILLIAV (Continuing): M3.Y it

please the Tribunal, may I ~irect the Tribunal1s

attertion to the ~act that that deposition was written

out ss ~h0 original shows, and as the English copy

by the deponent himself.


being the deposition 0: Francisco de Borjc.

THL prSSJDENT: Admitted on the ususl terms.

CLERK OF THE COURT: Prose',:!ution' s document

No. 6027 ~ill receive exhibit No. 892.

(Wher?mpon, the abovi:?-mentioned document

was m2rked prosecution's exhibit No. 892 and

received tn evidence.)

BRIGADIER qUILLIArI'::' I will read an exc0rpt.

(Reading): "Date: 16 March 1946.

"I was born on April 3rd 1887 on GU'1m, I

C8mc to Saipan in 1899 went to Angau in the Peleiu 18

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Island group and returned to Saipan in Feb. 1946. I

worked as foreman for 800 workprs in the Phosphorus

Company thore, first for the Germ3.ns then the Japanese.

I knew of tho building of an airfield on Peloiu in ~

1939."


being thn deposition of Jose S. Pangelinan.

THE PRESIDENT: Admitt0d on the usual terms.


9,102

1 CLERK OF THE COlmT: Prosecution's document


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('~!hJ'reupon, the above-mentioned document

WCtS marked prosecution's 8xhibit No. 893 and

received in pvidence.)

BRIGADIER 'QUILLIAN: I will read an excerpt.

(Rr>'~d";nn)" IlD"'te· 15 N'-','rch 19.<1.6 ... ,...-'_.1 ..J..l_f:." ...::t -" l',..:....... , ~

"I wns born on Snip:m, 27 T:::~.rch 1904; I vms

10 yenrs old in 1914 on October when the Japanese took

this Island (Saipnn) from the Germans, I entered the

Japanese School, and at the same time, they gave me

3. .lob as l~csscnger tn the Japanese I1ilt. Govt. Head

office: In 1916 they change my job and put me 2S an

Intrrpreter in J~p~nese & Chamorro: In 19191 quit work

and 1!!ent to J8p,sn (to school) study music 2nd business

course, until 1923 when the big ear~hqu3ke destroyed

Tokyo, I rct~urned and 'Jllo:rk 'with my Father at the

farm (after I rc~urncd from J~p~n never had a chance

to get a job: In 1926 I went to GU8m trying to, get

pcrmis:;ion from the Gov8rnor of Guar1 to reside on the

Isla~d, but I failed; I ma~ried a Guam girl and re

turned to Saipan the same year (I was in Guam for 3

l'Y'onths) ane running my 50 3cre sug,-:;r plnntation using

Okin~wans tenants, ~bout 11 farmers, until 1934 when

the Japanese Government took my plantation away from me


9,103

1 1nd gave it to the N.K.K. (South Sea Development Co.)

2 the rp3son they said is 'NO NATIVE AUTHORIZED TO USE

3 A JAPANESE AS TENAFrTS' I know wh~t they mean, and I

4 gnve un. In 1923 __ "

5 That Dust be an error, sir. It must be 1933.

6 1935.

7 (Re.~ding continued): "In 1935 I went to

8 Pon1p8, st~rted ~v own busimss (using native laborers)

9 as a copra tr~der, ~nd sea transportation also. In

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1940 they too~ my motor bont and sampan to use for

transporting materials from mainland to thp snaIl

islands "round Ponape for installation; I returned

again to Saipan e~rly in 1940 and on May the snrne year

I found my job at the seaplane base, using a bull cart,

ns a material transporter from the Navy W~re Houses to

the contr~ctors that ~orking at the Seaplane B~se. I

worked till September the same year, and during this

tine, I noticed that there '''-is 2 hangars, 1,11are houses

contnining a big quantity of food, lumbers, nails,

wires of all kinds and construction materials, s~all

airplanes, big air planes, etc: 1 Big overground heavy

·builded concrete shElter containing all kinds of

explosives, bullets, bombs --- etc.: 2 or 3 repair

shop for servicing airplanes; 2bout 8 or 10 Big BurrQcks

ths t cun hold 8 bou t 350 to 500 men cacho Duri.ng this


9,104

1 time (L1'r v10rking til'!1e) I bec8Y!H? very c:courdnted with

2 wany c~ the N~vy Boys 1nd they told me openl~ that

3 nIl of this work is for the milit~ry purposes.

4 "I did not 1."orking direct to the R:wy, but

5 for tho contr~ctors, and mv working hours is from

6 0600 to 1700 with one 30 ['inutes ~uring the morning

7 ~nd anoth~r 30 ~inutos in tho evening, 11 hour at noon

8 recess ti.mn. ,""hey feed rna 3 tl mes e d::t" and paid Me

9 ¥ 5.00 (five yens) per day.

10 "I noticed too thGt there '::9.S ~:lwnys 15 UP

11 to 25 Big 4 prop':.::11crs Seapl:mp:md som(~ fighting ::md

12 Scol 1ting pl::mc. When they stopped me working Q t the

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SC<'lplcme B~se, I helped my fnther who WtlS Ci. chief of

Section #2 in Garapsn, issued labor0rs for the Air

Strip nt Aslito nnd also for the load and unloading of

Ships ·),t T'-'nClpng, Chal:cn Kc:mon 8 Tenitm. II

Ibv it pleDse the Tribunal, may I point out

thnt that deposttion ~lso was written out by the

deponen t.


G r e e n b

sition.

9,105

I will novi rec:d em excerpt from this deno-

"T~ken 2t: LIoon Islcnd? Tl'uk c:nd Centrf'l

e :i Cr: rolines. r g

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fiDDte~ Februcry 25, 1946.

"Q. Stcte your nf'me, permanent horne address,

[mel occupation.

"A .. Alfred Eilo, co.' sistcnt chief 9 Moon 1sl8nd.

t1Q. H01'.r long h2ve you li'led on the i sle.nd of

Moon?

tiA • Forty-five yeo'.rs.

How long hove you been living in the Truk

f/, Atoll?

Forty-five ye~rs.

IIQ. Have yon 8ny knowledge of fortificetions or

16 I military inst811ations constructed by the JODanese on

". I d I Moon Islcnc1 :')rior to December 1941?

'.8 I

,~ I tiAo Yes.

"Q. S tn te 'whF't you ID10 i ,'! of ~To'1.r own knowledge

:::D i c.bout tbe installC':tions?

21 I itA. During the 18tter,['rt of 1938 the Japcmese '? I -- Ii stcrted constructing 2 lighthrn)se on the 82stern tin ','1 I '9 i of Uoon.

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;A I [' dock wes built 210ng the e8stern tin 2nc~ then 2\ rODd

Prior to the constr1ict~Lng of tbe lip'hthG12Se

:~5 I I from tbe dock to where the lightho1:l.se wc:s to !Je erected.

)-------~----.--.- ... ---- .. -------.. - ... -----


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1------.. ---~--.-----------------.----------.-~-----.

c1ock~ rooe1 cena. lif'ht}-c,use. UDon connletion of the

[:forementioned project the Jcpc,nese commenced build-

ing crves, gun emp1?cements, 2nd 2 secrchlight p12t-

form. Six gun emplacements were ~lilt. The guns

rnpeored to me to h8ve an eight or nine inch bore.

T~eS8 inst::112tions were all in the imMedicte vic1n-

1 ty of the Jj p,:hthonse. D'l.r1nf November of 1939 on the

mountoin of tTi til')ium the J2prnese dug D concrete em-

nlacement siroilor to 2 ~ut in ~~jch they installed

rL,dr.r ::1'10. erecte(J two !7Un err,l<"ce:ments for the 1n-

st211ot:ion of five or six inch g:,UlS &nc1 two sn181ler

ones for cnti-circroft. In the srme section two

plotforms were constructed ond se~rchliphts placed

thereon. TVJO c?ves ~:vej~e dug :lnt·:) t;ie D1n1.J.r+;r.:;in end

2~M~nition stored therein. Unan the completion of

this project in lQ40 further development thereabouts

wr:: s lm!{OWf.'. to us t:Jec2use it VJC'S then mc~de a 'irohi bi ted

areo. On the eastern end of the is}and 2 radio sta-

tion ~r!23 jnsto.lled o.'L'.rinp 1939. This ::)1)11o.ing W8S

constructed of concrete. In 1Q40 on the north~est

24 2 irstri p. '7hi s stri 1') ",72 S cOj":nleted sfter December

25 1941. On the southwestern tip of the isl~nd 8t the

S2Qe time ~not~er airstrip was un~er construction and ------'----....,----


9,107

1 completed pfter December 1941. In 1 0 40 on the north-

2 western tip of the islcnd on the side of the mountain

3 c lose to the oirfield t~lm gun emDle cement s 'iVere con ...

4 structed 2nd runs instr11ed t~ere. They Dpperred to

5 I me to hove eight or nine inch bores,

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['Iso 0 plr:tform

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:'nd se8rchlight VT:S instelled there.

"'ere ony reveb~1ents built [llong the 2irstrip

prior to DeceQber 1941?

\lAo . On the 2irfield on the southwestern tip one

w(!S built before December 1941. 11 '.Nhen W(:3re r:11 the pill boxes C110ng the shore 12

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of ~oon Island constructed1

"A. After December 1941.

I notice on the mount2in of UitibiuPl m~ny

big guns, ~oc~ine guns, rrnge finder, cove hmlsed flat

trojectory guns, 2nd Dnti-oircr2ft guns, other thon

the ones olre2dy mentioned by you; when were these

constructed?

"A. J\fter December 1941] I believe for we were

not a1lowec to go there C'fter t:be ini tiol constr'.lction

in 1939 c'nd 1940.

"Q. I notice on the southern tip, slightly in

re~r of the oirfield, anti-aircroft guns, cove housed

enns, and l11ochj.ne guns; \:11hen were these nlc:ced there?

itA. After December 1941. I

_l PURL: https://www.legal-tools.org/doc/454f7c/

9,108

1 "Q. I notice throughout the isl~nd quite a few

2 b8rrrcks to house the crmy r:nd nr!i1Y; vlhenwerE' they

3 constructed?

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11 J.~ • ;'fter December 1941.

"Q. Ho'w mc:::ny Jpponese trooDS were here before

December 19411

llA. A grect number of ~TC:::D~nese l)erSonne1 '.'rere

here on the isl8nd 9 2nrl they 1":--0. some b0rrrcl~s l'ere at

thr't time also, most were 1:nilt r::Pter December 1Q41.

Do yeu k~ow of c:::ny inst21l~tions built on

sny islr'nd5 in thE

"A. Yes. 1I


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9,109

THE PRESIDENT: Ldmitted on the D8ul'1 terms.

CLERK OF TfIE COUR.T: Pro secution IS c1 ocument

No. 6013 will receive exhibit No o 894.

(Whereupon, the document ['bove

mentioned -was Y'1rrked prosecution's

exhibit No. 894 rnd received in evidence.)

THE PRESIDENT: Mr. BrC'.nnon.

NlR. BRLNNON: Document No. 6013 eont:'in8

the n['me on the first prge of the ~lleged rffirnt

2.8 M-i-l-o, wherees, c::t the signrhn'e prge, 4, the

nrme is spelled M-a-i-l-o. I point out this discre-

p2ncy becruse of tho nfture of this evidence, rnd I

rlso vdsh to c('ll to the Court's ottention thrt in this

document, which is of.lled rn [' ffid2vi t -- I wi thcrn,,!

thot lrst stntenent. I omitted [' p~rfgr~9h in tho

rec'ding here. I offer no nb,jection to this, but wish

to ct'11 it to the Tribunc.l' S c'ttention [' S r.n obvious

discrc-p2Dcy.

THE PRESIDENT: Prob['bly ~;1-i-l-o is -phonetic.

BRIG£DIER QUILLIbM: Mr. President, lorking

r'.t the origin"l, which is r typed document, rpprrc-nt-

ly the deponent knew better how to spell his nrmo

thrn the pers 0 n who did the typing. llthough in the

first instrnce it is spelled ~s M-i-l-o, it is rlso

typed rfter the 2cturl signrture rnd there it is pl~in


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from the original that I. a" has been inserted be

tween "M" and "i," a correction made necessary by

their seeing how he wrote his own name.

9,110


9,111

1 IlQ. State vvhClt you know of your own knowledge

2 about those installations.

3 !lA. On the island of Mor during 1.94.(' a con-

4 crete reinforced dock was built. Two-gun emplace-

S ments were constr1.lcted and guns installed thereon, 6

a~pcaring to be a~out three inches in diameter. Also 7 bu.ildings vmro built for the men and one searchlight 8

was installed there" Telep.~<::lE} comml,1Dication was in-9

101 111

stalled bJt'k~en that isl8.nd and ;"0 n. The island has

flat terrain and in one section a lookout tOVJer was

buil t. 12

llQ. 1?Tc~e there any other installations built 13

on this island? 14

15 "Q. On what othE:r islands you know of install-

16 ations being placed?

17 "A. On the island of Pisemeu during lQ40.

18 I

'The exact construct_i.on was made there as took place. 19

on lior. 1I

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21 I offer in evidence ToF.S. Document No. 6001,

22 being the deposition of Joseb Dcrbelau.

23 THS PErSID:CNT~ Acmitted on the usual terms.

24

2S ment No. 60Cl will receive exhibit No. 895.

(\Thereupon, the document above men-


9,112

1 tionedwas marked prosecution's exhibit No. 895

2 and received in evidence).

3 BRICi.f:.D1ER QU1LL1M~:

4 I will now read an excerpt:

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"Da-:;ed~ ;'S February 1946

"l. ~. What is your name?

A. ,J JSFB UTTm:r.J.JAU

112. Q. What is your date of birth?

A rt· 1 008, T do not know the day.

"3. Q. ~here were you born?

A. NGERBECHED, ~(ORO~1 1SLAND~ PALAU._

114. Q. What is your present home address?

A. NGETIPHD, KOBOR 18LM:"!), PA.LAU.

11 1:)' • Q. - What is your occupation?

A. I am the nati'~ Chief or Police for mil-

itary government on KOROR ISLAND.

110. Q. Do you :mow of cons+;ructton of forti

~ications or military installations prior to Dec-

ember, 1941?

A. Yes.

"IO.Qo Do :T011 know tho type of installation,

the place of construction, and tho date concerned?

A. I know of a gun emplacement constructed

at NCEREL:LEI'TGUI ~ BABELTPUAP, in 1939.

"11.Q. Did you Tsitness this construction?


9,113

•••••••• ••• 0" ••• e' ••••• 0 ••••• " •• -.

1 A. Yes~

2 "12.Q. Did you work on it?

3

4 "13.Q. Did you see the gun in the finished

5 emplacement?

6 A. No, the area was ~Gstricted by the Jap-

7 ancsc after its completion.

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"14.Q. VIas forced native labor used on the gun

emplacement on BLBEI~FUAP?

A. Yes.

tl15.Q. ;~ow do you know this was a g1.mer[lpJacc-

ment?

A. I saw the gun being brought from a

boat at NGEFE}lLFNGUI Harbor to the ar(:a of the pm

emplacement.

"16.Q. Do you have knowlr:oge of construction

work before 1941 other than that mentioned?

A. No.

eo. 0 • • • • • • 0 0 c • • • 0 • • •

"50. Q. Do you have l-:nowledge of other incidents

of forced native labor and if so relate same?

A. ThfJ gun emplacemsnt at NGREiV'DIU, Uf:U

ITHAPFL was constructed with "'orced n8tivc labor.

tl5l. Q. When cLd this tako place?


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9,114

"52.Q. Previously you said the construction

of the gun emplacement on BABfLTHUAP was the only

fortification or military installation that you your-

self knew WElS built before December~ 1941. Is the

date February 1941, correct?

A. Yes, it is correct. When I answered

before I did not know what you meant.

"53. Q. Did you work there?·

A. Yes."

I , _________________________________________ 1


9,115

1 "54. Q Vlho orc'ered. Y01.1 to ""ork there?

2 J.. The F];LLUi.N Government, t br['nch

3 of rn suhor~in('te orgrnizrtion of the South .

4 Sers C:overnl'1.Gnt.

5 "55. Q nhct ere the incl1.1sive drtcs of this

6 ~eriod of Irhor?

7 A Februrry 1941 to July 1941.

8 11650 Q Did you see thEm pIr CE: the cun in

9 the errpl['cemcnt you ,r;orked on?

10 J\ V (".>s I sr·w tn' ,C··"n (~n(~ hel "('1'-'.:1 V-,r. Nrvy ... ...J_ -', ). c.. . _"-'.li. . '-'->-J.Jc.:;1.,). J),.Le; . _ .,

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Gonzokus }Jut the fun in plt.ce. The gun movce'

['round ['nd up rnd dO~."7n while I sr t on it.

I offer in evio(;)ncc I.P.S. (:10cument No.

6002, being the eJeposi tion of j).UKST RIUMD.

THE PRESIDfl'JT: Ldmi tted on the usurl tE-;rms.

CLERK OF THE COURT~ Prosecution's document

No. 6002 will receive exhibit No. 896)

(','[herEupon, the document :--bOVE;

mentioned VI,':"' S m['rkco prosccutton r S exhibit

No. 895 rnd rcceiv(~ in cvidcnc6n)

BRIGLDIER QUILLILH: I VIill rerd ['n excerpt:

"l. Q Vlhrt is your nrmo?

"2.

J~ L.ukst Riume..

q ~htt is tbur drte of birth?

L llIrrch 24, 1913.


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"3. Q 1i'~here Vlere you born?

L L t IvIELEKEIOK ville ge on BJ.BELTHULP

Isl['nd.

IfLl.. Q Wh~t is your present home ['cdress?

1,. NGLRElvIID Villf'.ge, KOROR Isltnd, P['lE'.u.

"5. Q Wh~t is your }JresE-nt occuprtion?

1. I r.Ll ['. n~t.ive roliceman for Militpry

Government on KOBOR Is].r'nd.

119. Q Do ~rou know of the construction of

fortific['tions or militrry instrllrtions by the

JLPjJ'TESE prior to DE-cember, 1941?

j.. Y6S.

"10. Q Do you know the type of instp11rtion,

the pl!"'ce of constr1..1cti.on, ['nd the dcto concerned?

l~ I knov'l of [:, gun emp1fcemcnt constructed

rt OIGtJL Vi1lrge, ELBELTHULP, in 1939.

"11. Q Did you work on it?

i .. No, I did not work on the em!>lr.-cem(;nt.

I v.rrs r, supervisor of nrtive lr:bor celled in to do

the mrnutl lcbor. The nrtivcs ,,'Jere ordered to do

the "'ork.

"12. Q Who ordered this ':,~ork?

L A vice-f'dmirC"l of the JLPJ.;fIESE N['vy,

not Ldmirr1 ITOo

1113. Q 'li'!c.s this [' written oreer?


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------------------------ ,--------~-,-----"-,

- A Yes, the written order ~rs brought to

the vil1t:ge chief by [' Df'Vy mrn rnd thE, chiEf in

turn orfered the nrtivos to work.

"14. Q Did this ordEr strte there ,:'lOl'ld be

~91Jnish:r.1ent for those viho did not comply '::i th it?

J. Yes, the ordor sf'id tbe gun cmp12ce-

~€nt WcS to be finished by ~ certrin drts rnd ~e

went so mrny n::-tj.ves. Those fri1ing to re'Port

~i11 be punished.

"15. Q Did you see this order?

L Yes, the villr'ge c1:-:ief sho",:cd the

order to Me.

"16. Q Do you neve the order?

~ t' N" r t k"t ~o, ne 'IVY ~n 00. 1,

him r:.ftcr the chief rnd I hra seen it ..

1l17. Q Cr,n you describe the vice-,",dmir[ 1

who issued this order?

I crnnot describe , . rum. I kn0i7 thr,t

he left these iS1rnds in 1939.

fl18, Q Did YOU sUYJervise the entire construction

22 of thi,~ gun emplr:cemcnt?

23 j~ No, I supervisGd thE nrtives \I"ho

24 ccrried boxes to the gun e:r.1r l C'cGmsnt.

25 "19. Q Did forced nr t i VI'.; 1[' bor build the gun ,_I ---------------------------------------------------errrplrce!TIcnt?


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A No, the Nrvy Gonzokus built it.

"20. Q Did you see the contents of ['ny

of the boxes the nrtives cr~rried to the gun

ernpl[' cement?

9,118


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-------------------------_._---_ .. _._ .. _-_ .. _-------------

"A. ." 1 did not see the contents. The

natives carried the supplies to the site of the gun

emplacement which had not been built at that time.

"21. Q. Did you see the completed gun em-

placement?

"A. Yes, but the gun was not in it yet.

"22. Q. Do you remember what date this was?

itA. No, only that it was 1939.

1123. Q. Did you see the gun placed in this

10 fortification?

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"A. .No, I did not see a gun placed there

but later in karch 1944, I saw a gun there.

• • • • • • • • • •

"36. r. Ir" • Besides the above mentioned gun em-

placement, do you know of other fortifications

constructed prior to December 1941?

"A. Yes, I worked on itlle PELELIU j~ir

field from January 1936 to March 1936.

1137. " ";t. ~ere you forced to do this work?

"A. Yes, I was ordered by the South Seas

Government Officer, KAJISHI1 • .il~, to take the pla.ce of

a man who became sick.

/1,0 Q ..)u. ' 0 ~as this a written order?

Yes.

1139. Q. Do you still have this order?


9,120

1 itA. No, I returned it when. I reported-

2 for work.

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1140. 'Q~ V~nat did the order say?

itA. It r-ea-<i,. 10n ...... l9.e.t§l you'l h ... IUhlD g Npcrt

and bring this order to the -South Seas G-f)-vernment

Officer,) KAJI.sHIllA. If you fail -to -do _ s",,_, you will

be punished q

"41. Q. Can you iiescrib€ this man KAJISHJ"l\lfA?

itA. He was a civilian who worked for the

South Seas Government.

"42. Q. What type of'workdid you de during

this period?

"A. I"ca<xo-.rie-d s'tones and dug holes to

place the dynarDi te in.

.. ,. ......... . 1148. 'Q. W~rc; there any -airplanes in the .ar~a

at that tiroe?

"A. 'lio., the airfi€ld vrasn l t finished.

1149 .. _ Q. Were there any gun or fArtifications

around this area?

"51.Q. B€sides th€a:bove m~ntion~dinforma-

24 tion, do you know of pny other fortifications or mili-

25 tary installations constructed prior t-o December,

___ 1_9_4l_? _____________________________________________ l PURL: https://www.legal-tools.org/doc/454f7c/

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-----------------_. __ ................ __ .. __ .....•• - .. _---._--_ ... _ .. _---!lA. I have heard ef others but these

were the only ones I worked on."

I offer in evidence I.P.S. Document No. 6012,

being the deposition of ICHlhO lv~OSES.

THE PfiliSIlJLNT ~ Admitted on the usual terms.

CL£hK OF lhL. COURT: Prosecution's document


(Whereupon, the document above mentioned

was'. marked t f'rosecutim! s Exh!bi t No. A97 and

received in evidence.)

I will na't read an excerpt from the deposition:

"Taken at: Moen Island, Truk and CentrEll

13 Carolines.

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"Date: February 23, 1946.

"Q. State your name, permanent home address, I and occupation.

I

Uman ISland.i

island of I I

Uman?

J,.toll ';

"A.

"Q.

Ichiro Moses, assistant chief,

How long have you lived on the

"A. Forty-five years.

"Q. How long have you been living in the 'I'ruk

"A. Forty-five years.

"Q. Have you any knowledge of fortifications

or military installations constructed by the Japan-


9,122

1 ese on Dman Island prior to December 1941?

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3

itA. Yes.

IiC' ". State what you know of your own know-

4 ledge about the installations.

5 "Ao In 1939 on the southern section of

6 Dman Island the Japanese commenced building roads 2nd

7 fortifications. Houses ware built to billet troops,

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a searchlig~J.t we s installed, emplacements for big

guns built, ::md tyro big guns 2nd four small ones,

instelled. l'hey dug '3. c&ve, reinforced it v'lith con-

crete, 2nd stored amnnnition therein. This construc-

tion 'Nas i.lnder the c.irection of the navy. The officer

in che.rgo Oi' the troops billeted there was Taicho.

Second in command W21S Buntaisi. During 1940, prior

to Decel.1ber of that yeoI', on the ='_slend of Otto,

eight D'liles south of Dm8n, the Japanese l\Javy erected

a wharf', houses, installed a searchlight, two guns

with l)ores of about two or three inches in diameter,

and several mechine guns were installed. During

1941, )rior to December of that year, on the island

of Salat, eight miles e8st of Dman, the Japanese

rlavy constructed e ~harf, houses, installed a search-

light, tvo guns with borGs appearing to be about

three inches in diameter, and erected 8 r8dio station.

• • 0 • • • • 0 • •

----------------------------------______________ l


9,123

1 "Q. ~were all the guns in the southern part

2 of Uman installed in 1939, 1940, and prior to December

3 1941?

4 itA. Yes.

5 "Q. In the construction of the buildings

6 j,'<That material did they use?

7 "A. For the buildings they used concrete

8 found8.tion and the rest WAS lumbero The cave was

9 concrete reinforced [lnd all emplacements were cqn-

10 crete b2sed o

11 "Q. How many caves did they build before

12 the war? 13 "A. Only one. 14 "Cd. Did you see emmuni tion stored in·"the 15

cave before the war? 16

"A. Yes. 17

Did they have e. great quantity of am-18

munition there? 19

"A. Yes. 20

ilQ. l~ha t VIe s the size of the cave? 21

22 "A. Twenty-four feet long, twelve feet

23 iJlTide, end nine feet high, E:nd this cave was full of

24 ammunition end provisions, mostly emmunitiono

25 "Q. Before December 1941 did the Japan-

ese ever practice shooting their big guns?


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"A. Only to test them.

"Q. W8S the se(lrchlight built into 2

cave?

/lA. It 'V\T2S built on c platform c:nd covered

over with canvas.

"Q. Did they hE1ve e.ny other equipment

7 close to the searchlight?

8 "A. They hpd a renge finder.

9 1IQ. On the Is12nd of Otte what did they

10 have there beside guns end searchlights?

11 "A. They hed a w2rehouse there in which

12 they kept ammunition end provisions.

13 "Q. Did you see the pr<"visions p,nd al1imun-

14 i tions?

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riA. Yes.

IIQ. Whet did they have on the island of

Salat beside the searchlight 2nd guns?


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9,125

!lA. A warehouse for ammunition and provisions.

IIQ. Was all this construction on Otta and Salat

prior to December 1941?

!lA. Yes.

5 !lQ. During 1939, 1940, and 1941, prior to the

6 war, did the Japanese ever mention waging a war

7 against the United states?

8 HA. Yes.

9 "Q. What did they say?

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"A. We are going to install fortifications and

military installations before we start the war a

gainst the United states.

IIQ. Did you have;; to furnish help for the con

s,~ruction on the island of Otta?

flA. We were forced to furnish thirty men during

1939 for the construction on Otta for approximately

five months. These men were paid eighty sen POI' day.

IIQ. Did you have to furnlsh help for the con

struction on the island of ~alat?

ItA. T,ie were forced to fnrnj.sh thirty men per 21

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day for construction of installation on the island of

Salat for approximately six months. The men re

ceived eighty sen per day."

I offer in evidence I.P.S. Document No.

6014, being the deposition of Sona Monukit.


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9,126


CLERK OF THE CODRT: Prosecution's Document


(Whereupon, the document above men

tioned was marked prosecution's exhibit No. 898


BHIGADIER QUILLIAH: I will now rend an

8 excerpt:

9 "Takcn at: lv:ocn Island, Truk and Central Car-

10 olinas.

11 "Date: February 2~, 1946.

12 IIQ. state your name, permanent home address,

13 and occupation. '

14

15 I lIA. Sona };!onukit, assistant chief, 1'01 Island.

"Q. How long have you lived on th~) island of

16 Tol?

17 !lA. Forty-eight years.

18 II Q. How Ion£': have vou been living in the 1'ruk ~. -

19 Atoll?

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"A. Forty-eight y€,ars.

"Q. Have you any knowl6dgo of fortifications

or military installations constrr;cted by the .Japanese

on the island of Tol prior to December 1941?

!lA. Yes.

"Q. state what you know of your own k:nowlcdre


1 about these installations.

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"A. During 1939 on the southwest section of

South Tol a road was built from the dock to the top

of the hill. Around the edges of the top of the hill

three gun emplacements were installed and three guns

appearing to be about eight inches in diameter in

stalled there. A platform was erected and a search

light affixed thereon. A reinforced concrete cave

in which ammuni ti.on ViTas stored was dug in the side of

the hill. Two barracks were built for the Japanese

soldiers. During 1940 on the northern tip of North

Tol a concrete wharf was constructed and a road from

the wharf to the top of the mountain. At the top of

the mountain ()De barrack and two warehousos were

built. A concrete platform was built and a search

light placed thereon. Two gun emplacements were con

structed and guns in. taIled appearing to be about

four or five inches in diameter and a radio station

built. II

I offor in evidence I.P.S. Document No. 6015,

being the deposition of ATER ERA. 22

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25

THE PRESIDENT: Admttted on the usual terms.

CLERK OF THE COURT~ Prosecution's docu

ment No. 6014 will receive exhibit No. 899.

(FThereupon, the document above men-


9,128

1 tioned 'v,1,S marked prosecution's exhibit No. 899

2 and received in evidence).

3 BRIGADIER QUILLIAM: I will n01:V read an

4\ excerpt from ATER EEA.' s deposition.

5 "T.:;.ke:n at: Moon Island, Truk and Central

6 Carolines.

7 "Date: February 25, 1946.

8 llQ. state your name, permanent home address,

9 and occupation.

10 "A. Atcr Era, chief, Fefo.n Island.

11 "Q. How long have you lived on the island of

12 Fefan?

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flA. Forty-nine years.

"Q. How long ~ .'\\7e you beon living in the Truk

Atoll?

!lA. Forty··nine years.

"Q. Have you any knm71edgc' of fortifications

or military installations constructed by the Japanese

on Fofan Island prior to December 1941?

HA. Yes.


9,129

----------------------------------,

1

2 ~bout tho ihstcl1ctioDO.

3

4 1940 tho J~p2nG88 CO~b ~uct8d n roed from tho dock

5 on the. eLI :d:; ;jic.o of tho is L'_td to tho top of. tho

7 suns ~pp2nrih[ to hQv~ borco of about fivo ihCh~8

9 plrtfohn end c ~~n0r8tor placod inside a GRrll build-

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on p:eior to Dc,ccmlJor l041?

I offer in evidonce I.F.S. DOCl-FlCht ~T

J.\] o.

6016, bel n1': tIL c~opo::-li ti Oll of tUC:'-iUO };'.LI,C7-:~CO.

no. 6016 I[,'i 11 rcc~,i v:; 07_::5bi t No. 900.

Ho. 900 ~nd rocoivod in evidenco.)

,------------------,-------,-----\


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9,130

excerpt f rom the del' -'si tion.

"Taken at ~ Moen Island, Truk and Central Carolines.

"Date: February 25, 1946.

"Q. sta te your name, permanent home .~ddress, and

5 occupation?

6 "A. Michuo NachuQ, c:'"liof, Dublon I sl.;'TIc.

7 Hmj lonG t.:::V() you lived on the island of

8 Dublon?

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"A .. About tVJent: ··f5.\,.-e years.

"Q. How long have you been living in the Truk

Atoll?

T·.!ontv··five years.

tlQ. Have you any l:novJleci ge of fortifications or

military installations constructed by the Japanese

on this island prior to December 1941?

"A. Yesc>

"Q" state what you know of your own. knowledge

about the insta llations.

"A. About the middle of 1941 on the island of

Dublon on the east side on top of a h5.l1 the 21

22 Japanese commenced construction. They built two

23 barracks, two warehouses, 2nd one radar station.

24 Concrete emplacements were set and three guns,

25 appearing to be six-inch guns, were installed there.

A platform was erected and a searchlight placed there,


9130 1/2

1 "On the south side of Dublon a fuel dump was

2 established. Close to the fuel dump one large

3 cave was dug and concrete reinforced.

4 "This ''fa s used to store arGmuni tion and pro-

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9t 131

-------------------------------------_ .. ,

1 visiono. No other fortific~tio~s or ~ilitory instcl-

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9 on other iolcndo tb3roc~out?

10 II r_ .... .'., Yon •

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15 esc ~:7::: [j c r ~} etc c1. 16

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19 end (JuG' throe

20 , CCVGS, rGihrOrc~d tham vith concreto cnd stored crvluni-

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M 1 0

r 2 S

-3 3

(.{ 4

" D. 5 b r 6 ...

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The next saven depositions, Day it ple~se

the TribunC11? ero mQdo by residents of islcnds in

tho M2rshnll group.

I offer in evidence IPS Document No. 6030,

being the doposition of Ferdin~n( z. Emiz.

THE PRESIDENT: Admitted on the usu21 terms.

CL~11K OF' T:iIE COURT ~ Prosecuti ':!n IS d ocum:mt

No. 6030 TIill receivG exhibit No. 901.

(Whereupon 1 the document above roforre6

to w~s mnrko6 prosGcution's exhibit No. 901


BRIGLDlliR GtUILLIA>~: I 'Hill nOVl r0':1d nn

~xc~rpt from the deposition of Ferdin~nd Z. 3miz:

"Dnte, 14 Enrch 1946.

:rF~rsh,'ill Isl[mds~ Doing duly s"Jorn, oepos0 '-'nd sny

til" B~se No. 3234, Mnjure ~toll. I w~s ~ttonding

school in J:1pan until 1938 when I returnoo. to tho

M:rshc'.ll Islt~nds, Jnluit !;toll.

"Af1' i~nt furthor S tr-, tos th3 t in August, 1938 ~

he went to wotjo Atoll nnd w~s enployod ns nn 2ssis-

tnnt to n surveyor who W2S t~king De~suremonts of

tho different isL".1:168. Tho J--:pODose cor-,r.lenced con-

structLm on the Clirfh)lc nt ':Totjo in June 1939 •

•


9,133

1 About fifty J~p::mese l?borers vJorkod em t::is job.

2 Tho complement there celled for three officers end

3 fiv8 chiofs. Three hundred nDtives -'llero biT'oc to

4 construct n Japanese prison camp. N~tives were paid

5 ono yen '"1 O:1~ro Ccnstruction of thn prison c'lmp WDS

6 completed in October, 1939, ~nd the s~~e month

7 prisoners c'"'me fron Japan to finish their sentences

8 in the Wotje prison canpe Lfter the ~rrivcl of the

9 J~paneso prisQnors 011 native l"bor ~ith the excop-

10 tion of ten mon ~nd five ~osen were returnod to

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25

ORNEY 1s12nd, T'rotje l\tDllo

II !~.ffi':'.nt furtber says t h ~t in l\T8V8t1bor,

1939, nIl trees on i~'otjc is1c.nd, "Jotje /tc11 'Ij'lere cut

cown SO thnt the ;~irfield could be constructod.

About this time all prisonors (over two thous~nd)

were returned to Jnp':'.n ond about one thousnnd Koreans

and n.bout t'IJO thousC:l1c Jnpnnese IlJborors arrived ot

70tje to continue the work on the ~irstrip. Nntivo

l~borers were agAin drnfted through the he~6rnen of

ench 1s18nd.

II Aff ir'l1t further S[!yS th'lt hi? S~TV 1,']rge

qu~ntitios of cement, ~spholt and other construct1on

mo. ter i~ 1 being 6eli v'2r!)d Clt "'otj e islond, 'ictj e

l'\ toll for use ::m the ~'irstrip.1I

I offer in evidence IPS docucent No. 6032,


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C 11.<1 ,;, ..... '

being the depos~tion of ABISA.

THE PRESIDENT~ Admitted:)n the usnal terms.

CLIRK OF TI-IE COUST ~ Prosecution's document


(:',Thereunon ~ the document above referred

to was marked prosecution's exhibit No~ 902 and

received in evidence.

BHIGADIER QUILLIA'\1: I will now read an excerpt

from the deposition of fbisa:

"I, ABISA~ of Imej Island, Jaluit j~toll,

M"Tshall Islands, being duly sworn, depose C:\nd say

that I am now employed at the Nc:tive Labor lTnit, Naval

Air Base, Navy No. 3234. In 1938 the Japanese hired

natives to cut trees on IMiCJ island, Jaluit Atoll to

make a nlace fer the air field. There were two 15

16 divisions of native werking narties. One would work

17 on gun emplacements and the other on the Dier. These

18 would be rotated. The Japanese Navy paid Yen 1.50

19 per day and the Japanese Company Yon 1.20 a day. The

20 Company was in charge of all supplies for the Japanese

21 Navy and supolicd nativGs to work for the Japanese

22 Navy. Before the war the natives that were uaid Yen

23 1.50 a dsy had to buy their own food. Others were given

24 food by the Navy."

25 I offer in evidence IPS document No. 6031, being


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9,135

the deposition of LANEN.

'rHE PRESIDENT~ Admitted on the usual terms.

CLZRK OF THE COlffiT ~ Prosecution I s document

No. 6031 will rsceJ .. ve exhibit No. 903.

(Wh2reupon, the document above referr(:id

to v!a s m"",I ~9(1 prosecution IS (-'lxhibi t Fo. 903 end

recei vu~ :'I::. ':",!jdence.)

"D~r~ -:' "";<c>rch 1946 u '..J c· I} __ I) li.l.C\ •

"I, LA~ZN, Maloelap Atoll, Marshall Islands,

being duly sowrn, depose Bnd say th2t I am now em

ployed in the Native Lebor Unit, Neval fir Base~ Navy

No p 3234. In 1939 I was living on Maloelap Atoll and

in that year three tundred Japanese and four officers

came to Tarawa Island on Ivlaloelap. They Dut to work

fifty natives to remove trees for an airfield. A little

later five hundred more Japanese came from JaDan.

18 Eighty more natives were given work. The Jaoanese

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25

made the natives work from 6.00 1-\'Iv1 to 5.00 ?M for 85

sen a day. The natives w0rked et cutting dovm trees

and making concrete. The trees were carrkd by four

men to a specific place. Natives were also used to

carry heavy loads of san.d from the: beach to the air

~trip. If the native did not work to suit the Japan-

ese he wouH'£ be beaten". The Japs sent people with


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9,136

broken limbs to the hosnital but those who had internal

injuries were not taken care of at the hosnital. The

airfield was finally completed in 1941 but barracks

for the soldiers ;;>nd other buildings were not completed."

I offer in evidence IPS document No. 6029,

being the de~csi~iGn of AJIDRIK.

THE r~~ IDENT: Admitted on the usual terms.

CLTRK Ur' 'THE COFRT; Prosecut ion's document


(V'hereu~on, the docuwqnt nbova referred

to was marked prosecution's exhibit No. 904 end


BRIGADIER QUILLIAH: (RE)ading)

"Date, 15 :larch 1946.

"I, AJIDRIK, of Lar!.ra Island, lia.juro Atoll,

Marshall Islands, being duly sworn, depose and say that

I am employed as an Interpreter at Naval Air Base,

Navy No. 3234. In the year 1940 I was living on

Laura Island, Majuro Atoll. In that year the Jananese

20 started to cut down trees on RITA, Island, ~JIajuro Atoll

21 to make an airfield. The Japanese did not pay for the

22 trees/they destroyed fS they nromised to do. This air-

23 field was never completed. About the middle of 1941

24 the Japanese started to take all men from Majuro Atoll

25 to Mille, Mallot:la.p and Jaluit Atolls to work on the


9,137

1 bases. Force WES used in securing lebor and those who

2 did not wish to go were told that they v'!ould be put in

3 prison or they vlTOuld be three. tened with a be::t ing. II

4 I offer in evidence r S dOCtlment No. 6010 ~

5 being the deposition of JOHANIZ.

6 T'EE PRLSIDEET ~ i ... dmi tted on the usual terms.

7 CLERK OF TIlE COURT: Prosecution! s document


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CW11ETev.pon, the documt'Ont abOVE:; roferred

to we.: s marked prosecution's exhibit 1\0. 905 and


BRIGADIER CFILJ.JIA:,j ~ (Reading)

"L'i8rch 12, 1946.

"1.Q. State your name Bnd titlG.

A Johaniz, Chief of Fniwetok tribe,

Eniwetok .i.toll.

"2.Q H8.ve you b8en C:lief of your tribe from

January 1941 to the pr8sent time?

Yes.

When did the Japanese marines arrive on

In January, 1942.

Vben did the Japanese navy arrive.

April 27, 1941."

I offer in evidence IPS document No. 6011,


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being the donosition of .ABR.E:11.M.

THE PRESIDENT; Admitted on the usual terms.

CLEEK OF THE CorRT~ Prosecution's docl'ment


(Whereupon, the document above referred

to was marked pr':)secution 1 s exhibit No. 906 and

roceivGd i~ evidence.)

BRIGADn;~ (JTILLIAMg (R2ac1ing)

"Dr-tc, 12 L:.crch 1946.

Ifl.Q state your name and title.

Ill\.. Abream, Chief of Engcbi tribe, Fniwetok

12 jtoll.

13 1f2.Q Have you been CLief of your tribe from

14 JanuBry 1941 to th(~ pr(jSEmt time.

15 I "A Yes.

16 113. Q v hen did the Jape,nese Marines arrive

" 17 on this atoll.

18 irA In January, 1942.

19 "4 n Vlhen did tll.e :rer.anese Navy arrive. D .~ •

20 "ii. Arpil 2'(? 194·1."

21 As the lact deposition, I offer in evidence 22 I DS d t ~., ""0 0 8 b' th ~ . +-' .eo LAJIl\TA L. ocumrn 1';0 •. c:..', clng -' e aer-'OSllJ10n Ool I •

23 THE PRESIDENT: fdmitted on the usual terms. 24

C~]K OF THE C01~T: Prosecution's doeument 25

No. 6028 will receiVe E:?xhibit No. 907.


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C"her81..::pon, the document above referred

to was marl{ed prosecution t S (;xhibi t No. 907 and


BRIGADIER QtTILLIAIvI~ (Reading)

'IDate, 16 r'Iarch 1946.

II I, LAJINA? of IIIi11e Island, Mille Atoll,

ivlarsllall Islands, being duly sworn, denose and say that

I am now employed at the Native Labor Unit, Naval fir

BasE;, Navy No. 3234. I vms living on ~,;ille Island,

1v1ille ! toll in 1941 when in June of that yeor the Japan

ese brought 3000 Koreans and Japanese labor~~s t~ere

and started to buile: an airfield. First they cut dmITn

the treos. Hati ve labor was used for \ivhich the JaDan-

14 ese paid 85 sen 8 day. Native labor was used to cut

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down trees, mix concrete and to unload the ships which

brought all kinds of m2tcrial from JaDan.1I

That concludes the deposit ions and I will

now offer in evidence IPS document No. 2378A.

THE PRES ID EI{T: Mr 0 Log an.

MR. LOGAN~ If the Tribunal please, may the

record show thEt pros-:cution's exhibits 883 to 967,

inclusive, are affidavits and not depositions as

characterized by the prosccution1

TH£: PRES ID ENT ~ [ccording to the Australian

terminology, those in the form of qu~stions and


9,140

1----·---·--···--------·-·.------------.... ~-... ----.- .... -.................. ---.- ....... _ ...... - _ .... _ .. _.-_ .......... _._._.- r

1 I answers Ylould be depositions, but what does it matter? I 2 MR. LOGAN: According to our practice, as rour

3 Honor may know, a deposition is a document vlhE'Jre both

4 sides appear end each asks questions. An affidavit is

5 just where one makes th0 interrogations.

6 THE PRESIDENT: Ordinarily a deposition is

7 taken before a magistrate.

8 B:BIGADIER ("ILLIAM: I will now offer in

9 evidence prosecution's document No. 2378A. This is a

10 fi.le of correstwndcmce which was obtained from the

11 office at Honolulu of the well~known Jananese Ship~ing

12 Company generally known as the N.Y.K. The file, whj.ch

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2S

comprises Cor~esDondence between the Head Office of

the Company and the Company's Branches, refc3r s to the

policy adopted by the Company under secret instructions

from the Jar,)anese Navy and Foreign f,..1inistries of refus-

ing to carry non-Japanese nationals to the Mandated

Islands.


CLERK OF TH:2 C011RT: Prosecutj.on' s document

No. 2378A will receive exhibit No. 908.

(1Nhereupon, the document above referred

to was marked prosecution' s exhibit No. 908 cmd


BRIGADILR rUI1LIAM~ I y.rill now rN'.d the

I I


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9,141

.--. --_._-----_._---------

corresp?ndence, excluding, however, the descriDtions

of the writers of the letters and the offices to which

they were addressed, but identifying the letters by

their numbers [md dates.

I should like to direct attention, if the

Tribunal please, to the certificate of Commander Maxon

attached to tbe document showing how the documents

came into possession of the Internatipnal Prosecution

Section.

10 THE PRESIDENT; I suggest you read them after

11 t~e recess, Brigadier. We will recess now for fifteen

12 minutes.

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(Whereupon, at 1445, 13 r~jcess W8 s t2ktm

until 1500, after which the proceedings \"JE';re

resumed 8S follows:)


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9,14.2

MARSHAL OF THE COURT: The International

Military Tribunal for the Far East is now resumed.

THE PRESIDENT: Brigadier ~uilliam.

BRIGADIER QUILLIM!: May it please the Tri

bunal, I will proceed with the reading of the cor

respondence in exhibit .. - in the lJaY.K. file.

"No. 185, March 28, 1933.

liRe: Deferr"ing the booking of passen:::ers de

siring to go to places in Inner South Seas Area.

"L1' tely, there he s be en D tendency t01.~T8rd the

incre~se in the number of foreigners deciding to go to

the isl[lnds in the Inner South Sec:s BreB, but sj.nce

the fpcilities of this line ere not only not suited

in many respects to 8ccommod8te foreign passengers,

but also tl'e hotel fDcili ties of the South Seris are!?,

in generel, are not suited to accommodate foreigners

2nd since considerable inconveniences are apt to be

experienced in case of stop-overs because of the poor

shinning connections (besides, occidental meels eboard

ships of this line may be wholly DboJ5shed), we would

liks to advise you not to book any foreign passenger,

if possible, for the South Seas line until further

notice.

"If obliged to do so~ secretly inform whoever is

in chrrge to accent applications only Dfter they have


(\ 143 /' '

1 been fir st n p')roved by the proper cuthori tics. II

2

3 "Oct. 14, 1935'

4 "Re~ Bon rg!"inst Clcce n t1ng foreign Dassengers

5 ~or South Sees line.

6 1:We c:dmovv1edge recci Dt of your wire 9 dnted

7 October 79 .::1S f01lows~

8 11 t -----p1c2 se rE;scrvc 1st elc:'. ss 2 ontsir'le tvm-

9 borth crbins : r.S'l)gf' :;:2ru 12th December from Yokohome

10 Joluit thence to Po.120 21so YCllC'sl'Jiro }I1,)r"ll 17th JDnu-

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"We believe tho.t tho ['bove VT2S lJ1C'de in reference

to the schedule 0f lr:st yerr, but in reply, we sent

the fo11oWi~g wire, d~tcd the 11th, Ps follows:

11 'Referring to :ronr telegrc::m of 7th :·T.Y .K. South

,5 eo I slond. Line no t\ cc omnlodo ti.on oW'i} able unti.l 1':2rch. I

"As you l;(';vc r.:lrt'Fdy rc)cc;j_~.red. it, 'Ne believe thot

you understand it~

liAs indici'tcd in tl"e P("'sscngcrDeprrb""ent 's out

Pr, ss.;'ngor, Soutb Sers Brrnch :-'!185, dClted T~['rch 28,

1933 (copy sent to you), ev~ry effort is being mcde

not to nCCG~t foreign nnssenpers for this line.

Trking this irto considerrtirn, we suppest ,th2t you

politely rofnS8 this c::pl)Jicrtion.

IlThi.s is to r:ffirm receint of ),('111" telegrcr.:.


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>,144

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tlA S Em 2ctl).f.:l Droblem, in ['cce:)ting 8 f oreigner ~

. f' h' ., t f' t' s ., c: . t . even L. ~_e lS [\ reSloen o~ l'C '01.11:;11 I_eo s 9 l lS

necessnry for us to give notice of his naDe? 8ga,

occu,ction, n2ticnolity and so forth, to the South

6 Foreign lIi"istries nnd directs "'S eith8r to 8ccept

7 or not to Dccent the 8pnlicDtion.

8 "Such being the cC"'SG? we cc,nnot 2CCCpt Etny C:PDli-

9 c~tion unless onnroved by the Droner Duthorities. As

10 indict ted in the 8forementioncd letter, we cdvised

11 you 'to secretly i.nforn1. whOE,"'t-r is in chr'rge to

12 nccept Dnplic~ticns only ofter they h2ve been first

13 Dpnroved by the nro~or authorities o ' Bence, 8ppli-

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crtion merely by wire is of no usc tn~ even if on

n 1)1")lic['. tion is 8ccomDC\nied by [' de tr:iled letter, it

is not cert~in thtt the 8pnrovtl of the Droper cuthor-

i ties c:e'n :::lwo:7s be ohtc-J.ned. Inste2d, It is bel:i.eved

thAt they hIve been rejected in the m8jority of cases.

!tAl thOllgh thcr,~ Il18Y be 508e busin8 ss reD sons, it

w011ld be VJisc to ''Y;2~::e 1 t [: generol rule not to book

<'ny pE\ssenger for the South Socs line ~t r:gencios

rbroc::d.

liAs ref~3rcnce, we erE sendi ng '-(,1) " co"')y of

PC1 sscnger ~ South Ser. s Bre>nch !.,L185."


9,145

1

2 "Oct. 26, 1935

3 fiRe: Shi 1)S soiling in Fehru? ry [' nd T::lorch 9 1936,

4 on South Sens line.

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11In regr::l'::1. to the E'.bove 5 VTe Dcknow1edge rGceipt

of the inquiry from the Amcric['n B02rd of Cora.missioners

for Foreign Missicns of Boston throl1gh your letter

dated Seotember 28.

IIRm!Tt.:,ver~ 2S :1 ndicr-ted in the circu1(~r~ "nssenger,

['donted n policy of not acc8~ting foreign nassengers

for t~is line and since t~e schedule is of "ractically

no 1i se ns t' sc~cclnle bec[1'1.se oT the frequent changes,

,pre h['vG stop'icd sending scJ~edulcs of this line to our

foreign agencies, lately. However, we Dr: sending

you [' COryy for reference.

"Throufb circ'11c.r, ?assenger 9 South SeC] s Bronch

('115, dated the 14th of this month Dnd addressed to

employees of Chic~go (conics sent to all bronch

officers in Amcrico), we r:dvjsec' that all overse['.s

branchES mnke it .0 general rule not to handle passen-

gers for this line, but sinc: the missionrries of the

A.mcricrn Boprd 9 Boston, w}::Lch 11[1 s mr:de tho inquiry,

Ecmgage in missionary v!ork throughout the South Sea

Islands 2nd frequently make rrnlnd trios hetween Japan


o 146 /,-

._-_ .. _.-_ .. _-----_._ ... _-_ .... __ ._-_ .. __ ._-----

1 2nd the isl[mc1s~ Rev. H[1rold F. H2cln:tt 9 rCDresentn-

2 tive of the ~00ve-montionod Amcricon I:ission:;ry society

3 in J2D8n ond residing in Kobe, htndlos their ~ossDges.

4 He se0ms to h8VO 0 considerrble number of friends in

5 the governm(;f1t office s concerned. Hence ~ even if

6 yon do nnt [,oncllc their booking 5 we 2ro sure thB t they

7 will net cXDorience rny inconv'3nience. Pc erG mention-

8 ing this for your reference.

9 "Furt.hcr;-1oTc 7 since: the m[}ttcr concerning South

10 SeBS line and Doreign n8sscngcrs is [1 very delicete

11 nroblrm onn. th(3 2(:tuol re~sons c[nnot be frc::nkly rc-

12 venled to the foreign Dgcnts 7 who thns might mGlw

13 ;1 sele 5S end irrelcvnnt inq'1iric s, it is sugge sted

14 thot you mrke nrrnngcBcnts to hnve only J8~2nGSe

15 emDloyces hrmd1e problems pertaL ning to the South ,Sens 16

line rnd foreign pnssungers nnd to hrvc 811 corrcs-17

pondence ~]lJri tten in Je pnncsG. 1i

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9,147

4 So 'Ll.t 11 .'3 0 c. 3 li.lK 0

5 il ... ~, rl !'l t f' .. • 1- ."; d_ :1.1' t 11"." C 1° '" C 1) 1 r, r > ~ ~ _ iJ ... l .., J. ",,_ c. , South

8 Eowcvo~, thoro h0~ b:on Q trond, lately, for two or

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12 r ",r>r,o)'lco f'or t'~'" 0."1" f'''l'' Cl,1 tv of' ~lOOl:'l' ''"'r·- '\"0"'("·1 '-:h ")""-'~'C"l-~"L. j.J ~.~w __ il.v _ ~~..L ~ ... L J __ ,_ ." .to. __ ... J(j _~ .L ""_".;:"" J..: to,lJ0 ,J)...

13 eOrD for thio line end 8cokin~ your coopcrrtioll in

14 this non-Qcccpt~nco policy.

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the South 3Jeo, in ccncr~l, to C'ccom~odC'tc foreignors. 21

S 11 - c i "'1 1 '~-""1 ,', on n ( .... " C 'V, (' t ) .~.''''''' _.- L, • .J. , .... \. , 10..1 ..:,l ...., V .J.. v •

22 112.

23

24 orc~or 21'mn the South SOC's Govcrnm,'::nt office to the

25 offGct that if en epplicotion for pasGcCc aboard this

lino in recoi v::d from o. foreigner, rcgarcllcfJD of tho


9,148

1 fo.ct that h~~ ls n rJsidcnt of the SO"J.th SODG, acid

2 rpplic~tion should not bo DcccptCG until his no.mo.

3

4 ported to nnd ~0provcd by the snid govornmnnt o?fico.

5

6 report, the South Sens Government confers with tho

8 ncccpt or not to GCC~9t t~o c~plic8tion, but to ob-

10 absolutely ;::0 foroi~~hcJ:", l~ogC\rclJ. oss of y!hcthc)1" ho

11 is n resident of tho South 8eas or not, iB accopted

12 d.urin~:; no. v::tl rOQllOUVCrn (':11:1:1,c11 S omotimc lns t 0'101'

13 ,. 1 t"'" ) s eve.eo. '.1. J,pS •

14

15 o.bovc measure is necessary, but ~incG tho authoritios

16 concor")3d c[;nnot dircctly lrnnella tho policy of np):'roi,7-

17 inc; (or discpprovins) ontr'y o,f foroic;tlors to tho is-

lands bocnU3o of tho intcrno.tiollol situntion, their 19

20 c.lthough it io c. greet dc~:.l of trouble to ns. J2osid0S,

21 since; th:: schedulo .fot' thl.s lino is oft'Jn Ch211:;oc1. for

22 0'OVn '''''''-,'c'n J,. ~ 1 .,.., ",.., ,., or; '" tl..,·... n cl""" .l'll'·' J"" "')';- JI~ 0 'I,"'::; of \'J 0 e :_J..LJ .... ~.J '.I~~ J."Uc.._u ,~l..J, 1_.1.\.....1 0 1.. ....... 10 , .. .L"'_~ ... U 0..1.. IJ." J..." ~

23

24 fi cul tio:::; in 0.00, lin:.; y:,itb :i~our c liontr.:, bt-:t it ':Jcmld

25


-_._----_._-----_._-_._. __ .. _------------

1 for off pl~ccs, not to hrndlo p~s8cngGrG for the South

2 SCC"-s line.

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5

6 No. 12) ~nd. th::) :~n:::;l:i.Gh cu:1.do (I,iGt No. 53) of this

7 linG. Sinco th: mentioning of tho l~ttor in this do-

• 8 portmcnt's English circular, P. Ad. No. 77, d~tcd

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10

11

12 yotu" c opJ.c s.

13 llS5.nco tIl.:) o.bovo Y:1:ntionod opccic~l rO'::'30no 14

~rc mo.ttors that should not be rovc~lcd to your 15

forGicn p~s8cng8r f3cnts C"-nd sinco ~ithout this infor-16

motion tlF;Y cOl1not 1)0 o::p .ctad to corr~.T out thd.r 17

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20 8~n32rs for the South Sc~s line and to hove .::.11 cor-

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25 "Re: Advcrtis2IDont of South SC~S Lino in August iS3uo

of Trovol Bullotin.


______ .° .•. _______ ._._ •.• _ .•... ____ ••. _. __ .• __ •.... ___ ..•• _ .. " ........... _ .•• __ ._. _________ ........ __ . _____ ._

1

fuoa 0.11 nvplications for pnoscCG on tho South SO~D 2

liJS TIh8D C~91iod for ~y foro~gn pcssongors, we find 3

4 1 t 6iffiGul t to 1m c10l'S tc.nc1 tho r8230ns lor tho publi-

5 cit:;( :~ivcn to conc1:1_tiol:li3 in Sonth S.JD I.slr'De.O f"nc1 tho

6

7 TrevJl ~ul1otin, Dur m~Gnzin~ fer foreigners. As

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12 to book :JC~S3':: c;o on thnt line c}!pa~1rcd o.t ou!' of.flea.

14 our foro~.~n cgont, ~ccratting hin in~bility to supply

15 Dufficiont i11f~rrn["tion in spite of tho axiotal'lC2 of

16 such n now linJ, SUG30stod thnt 0; • .,. .....

l.~ ;:;ond r" rdrc to

18 of v2.eo.nci CS.

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c1"1011:;0 of 8chou.ul:: of tho srid 15.11:: nccordin!.i: to c011-

ditlons in Jr'1Y'n, th:::; complct:::. booJdng of ccbl.rJcJ by

I n p,"' ... l"") .. ,:; F!:~ ~:l. ,-no .C·, ,~ c· "'., ;n_':l~_,·"M ~l 0 ''""! r: 'r/-,"" '""\';''' "'Jo"';r""' r; r:_ ;-h'" v"l""'" >{ t1 t '-"l'J C C -. - '- -" • - - ~ .U ,~ .1. _ ". ~,,, •. J ' ~' '-, ,,:. ... , , u v -'\..J.'~ "

of no hotel fncili tieD in tho SUl1th Sees ::l:'lct tlv:: pro-

pf:r~_'.t:ton of )Jnn1s [\;-)c)~~rc. Dhip C'~ccOrl;":1.nc to Jc}x'.ncsc

taste, I refusec'. the a~C'1)licati.ol1 of th~SDid passenger."1


9,151

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1 [

2 1

I don't think I need read that letter, may

it please the Tribunal. I will just refer to the

3 reference in the last paragraph. (heading):

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"I'Io. 50, April 8, :ih937.

lIHe: Mailing of revised South Seas line pas-

senger rate schedule.

"The revised passenger rate schedule for this

route~ which has been sent to and is awaiting the

approval of the South Seas government at present, is

being sent to you (one set enclosed; ten sets under

separate cover). Hence, use it as stated below, as

though it had been approved. However, for caution's

sake, we would like to add that the out trip rates

for Osaka-Kobe-1Vioji-Yokohama run of all lines and

the out trip rates for the Osaka-Kobe-Ivloji-K1..1,ltmg-Naba

run and the I'sturn trip rat\?,s for the l\faka-Kobe run

of the Saipan line have not been changed and are the

same as stated in the notification, Passenger, South

Seas Branch 7:183 7 dated December 21, 1936."

I will omit the next paragraph and go on to

the last. (heading) :

"To overseas branches:

"The above is being diseminated for reference,

and the restriction against accepting foreign pass-

engel'S has not been changed, as notified previously." ________ t


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IINo. 211, Mar.- 13, 1939.

"He: Ban against accepting foreign passengers

for South Sea line.

9,152

"In regard to this mn tter ~ instructions Viere

given in Passenger~ South Seas Branch {185~ uated

March 28, 1933, and in Passenger, South Seas Branch,

i'129, dated November 4, 1935, but in view of the

current trend of increase in the number of foreigners

desiring passage to Inner South Sea Islands, it is

desirp~l that further att(mtion be given to the fol-

lowing items;

"1. As a genernl prinCiple, do not accept

foreigners for this route. If a foreigner is to be

accepted, send in the application with the details

of the Passenger Dep<::rtment of the main office for

approval.

"2. As reasons for refusal, state t.hat the

ships on this route are not equipped to accomodate

foreigners in regard to facilities and mecls and that

there are no vacancies at present.

"3. Point out the fact that there is no hotel

equipped to accomodate foreigners in the Inner South

Seas l~rea.

"4. When information is obtained in regard to

foreign passengers planning to tour Inner South Seas,


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refer to this directive and notify the branch

offices concerned."

',153

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1 Further 2vL.2rc~ of Jal':u:' s policy of excludif)g

n' +-' 1 f' th - 1 " t' .. tt .. 2 10rc1gn na~lona s rOR _ 2 18 anos ana, 1 18 suor1 ~0,

of the Di1it~ry ~n0 naval pr~rar~tions ~hic~ stc ~~s 3

4 Fe.kinr.- trcr:c, is 66 of Court

S

l'.r- "'-},-' 7 .L L" •.

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11 II'" ,. . J... aSf1.1rrl..On , .une 13, 1S'36.

14 tena f~ci1iti~s ir its t:r~itoriol ~8t~rs o~f tt~ \laskar

16 e~try into ~crbors ~r~13sk~ ~r~ in t~~ Alcati~n Isl~n(s

17 tr-at'?.r~ not or:n, o~.~· iT'8.i."ily, to iorcigr cor-y'rc:::. in

l8 t· ~c c~s~ of on2 of ti''..f.~ v2ss21s in cU~5tion it vas stat~d

19 ttat its rurrOS2 in visitinr thzs: ~atcrs a~6 t~rjors ~~s 20 tr- r'akin;c of' stuoi·:;s in conn:'ctior ·,.itl; r:rot::cticr. of

22 :::;ver, it;".,?s not s··f.[:stco tJ:-;.at t>c- visits ·,."ouI::; be [,,:e.c

23 on b"lsis of 2~ny tr''>J.ty or iO!'Fa1 orr!Ul[,'''::v--nt br:t·,.'en ths

24 2S IAr:r'icC?r: GOV:'::'Dc::rt 2.nc: tt--: Cov-rr:r ~c'nt of J::l"ran. Tr(;

IGov~rnr(r:t or t~;,:" rr,it~c! ,:::tc.tcs >;s,:"ccc'.~·d, n~v:::rt}-cless, I I I


9,155

1 to th:~ rrc,l..1.('sts of the Covc:,!'y.<:ct of J'~~":-r.r. iT: t~-:1s

3 ~lA strong un::c:rcu!:"::rot of susy:-:i.cion ~r;=. COD-

4 jccturs has c:yistcd for sore ti~~ r~st over h?r~or

5 dcv210rrrsnts or fortification3 in ro s?~siors \.~ich

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7 10 obj~ction to thE visits of J~~are~~ Gov~7nrcrt vessels s

9 t~.S bss~ ~~~c' by t~i~ (~ov~~~~~~t ~"s ~ :.:A.......t J,;. _ v .. I. J. ...... ..... l.l , __

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14 as ~ould violate oith2r ttc IGtt~r of tho sririt of the 15 nav.'3l treaty signc6 or'. ?cb::--uc.ry 6, 192=2. 16

!tIn OUi' Vl"-".:, it is unfor tun~l t~, tt::. t t:- ~ Gov-17 3rrr:nt of J~ran so f1r ~~s rot aQort~c an ~ttitu-~ 18 sir il~rly liberal in t~~ face of 211e[ations th~t in the

20 out ~'::-- icr-~ (:;'..1"<::-: icrEcol1cilab1c ':'i th

21 ~~ra~~5 trsaty obligations ~ot to fortify thoSG isl~n~s.

22 :'8 can uDcsrst3;Jd tl-at trr (j·ov:rnr',:ct of Jar,:r~ should

23 be r::luctant to pi"'" any court:J.j:'lnc~' to irt'Gsronsi'81e

24 but rcvcrttcless, t~at Gov-rn~·J.jt u~-

25 ooubtc:d1y shares '"ith t;·c Cov~rnrrcrt or trc Ur:itecl states


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jth:? ·vi:~':) tta t J: [1' S is t~-;nt sus'" icion, 1..i tll rcr:':::-.r(~ to this 1 I I~atter, is provocative of Dutu21 oistrust, ~nc t~at such

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n, .. ('tr~:nt "(Ions. e)

}.·\~'s::r:t:-c to it o.n 0 1 rOl'tur:ity to 6,·t2ru to 8. vessel of 7

t:~i~ (rovc.·r;"::-nt court:sL.'~ at t1~~ lr:·.'"'pc:r unorened ports 8

01' t:1r- r 9.ciiic F'C'nc.c.t::;6 isl~n0s, as ':311 as at the OT'('n 9

ports~ ~n invitation by th0 Govrrn~:nt of Jar3n 10r the 10

lldsn to visit ttose forts ~ould haY:, in our orinion, 11

12 highly bcn:ficial results frorr the ~olnt of Vi~D of r8-

l ~ lations bct'.'2sn th2 ti."JO nations. )

14 "1 L"'£'.so cor...sic.~sr carefully 'ln6 Cl.ttcntativcly

15 lour vi2','s as ".e h.3.v: sket;cb20 the!ll, If I'O obj~~ction is

16 rorcGivr~, r10asG rres~nt these views infor~olly ana

17 orally to t~lC; Minister .tor For'sign Affairs, rutting for-

]8 1.7ard th:: suggestion outlin::c in the: fOJ.'GgoillF :carctgrarh

19 as on your o',m initiative.

7.0 "Inforr .. tly Dr::1::r.rtr·2nt c1J..cr2ntly by t olegrarh.

liHull. "

22

"The: Ar:bassador in Jar'an (Grew) to th<.:: Secretary 23 I

I 24 lof (:r.~::r2_phraS8) • "Tokyo, July 8, 1936. 25 llToday 1 mad::, suggestions, as on r.y oY!r initia-


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tive, to the rinister of Foreign Affairs with regard

to an invitation to the Alden to visit open and unopened

ports in the Facific islands under Japanese mandate.

"Marked interest was shown by the 1,"inister in

th2 situation as I described it, but he professed not

to know anything at all about the subject. He told me

that he would see what there was that could be done and

that he would try to give me, before July 20, the re

sults of his inquiries.

"Grew. II

IITelegram

"The Ambassador in Janan (Grew) to the Secre-

tary of State. (Faraphrase). II Tokyo , J·uly 28,1936.

itA t the request of the Vice Yin:; stcr for For

eign Affairs, the counselor of the Embassy ('alled on

the Vice Kinister to discuss certain questions t~~t

had been broached by the Amhassador to the l\!~inister for

Foreign Affairs. One of these questions related to

the possibility of the visit by the Alden to ports in

the Japanese mandated islands. This call was the only

opportunity that presented itself for discussion of the

matter since the visit of the Ambassador on July 8.

liThe Vice Yinister stated that the suggestio'n

of the Ambassador had been referred to the liinistry of

Overseas Affairs but the. t no reDlv had been r ecci ved. " , .


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Ho further statGd that there ~ould probably be con

sultation with other government departments. In re

sponse to a query by the Counselor, he expressed the

fear that the rore1gn Offico had no way of expediting

the reply.

liThe manner of the Vice Kinlstf?r was friendly,

but it indicated that the Foreign Office could do

8' nothing further.

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"Grew 0 "

"Telegram

liThe Acting Secretary of State to the Ambas

sador of Japan (Grew). (F araph.rase) ..

"\l'v'ashington, August 7, 1936.

"Embassy's telegram No. 163, July 28, 1 p.m.,

with regard to the suggestion made relative to the

Alden, the Department aSS11mes that there is no prospect

that the Japanese authorities will take favorable action.

In reply to a communication from the J-apanese Embassy

here, the Department is today returning an adverse answer

to that Emba ssy t s reques t tha t the JA.'t:anese Government

training ship Shintoku Maru be permitted to enter a

Hawaiian harbor which is not listed as a port of entry."

"Phillips. "


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9,159

I----------------------------------------------------------~

If it please the Tribunal, that is all the

evidence it is proposed to tender at this stage on

this aspect of the case, but Admiral Richardson in

the; testimony to be given by him later in the case

will give some additional evidence relating to this

cspccto

NLY colleague, Captain Robinson, will now

present o~'idence in connection with Japan's Naval

Preparation for War.

CAPTA:::N RODINSON: 1\12, PrGs ident and IvIE"mbers

of the Tribunal: It is new proposed to present evi-

dence to show Japanese naval preparations for wars

of aggression, as charged particularly in Counts 1 to

3'0? and specifically in Appendix A, Section 5-a. Documentary evidence will now be presented to show

Japanese naval opposition to ratification of the

London Nnval Limitation Treaty of 1930.

I present to ~he clerk IPS document No. 1124.

It is a book entitled "hlinutes of the Committee

Meetings for the Year 1930, Secretariat of the Privy

Council." The certifi ,'8 te of the Secretary of the

Privy Counc.::'l is attached. I request that the clerk

give to this IPS document a Court exhibit number for

id0ntification only.


9,160

1 CLERK OF THE COuBT: Prosecution's document

2 No. 1124 will receivG exhibit No. 910 for identifica-

3 tion only.

4 . (FJhereupon, the document above re-

5 ferred to was marked prosecution I s ex.h.ibi t

6 No. 910 for identification.)

7 CAPTAL'J ROBINSON: I now offer in evidence

8 an excerpt from this Court Gzh.-~bi t. The excerpt, in

9 English te:x+~, ccnsi sts of 42 pages. It is the minutes

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of the first t .),:h2: t:tlirteent.l1 m,",ct:Lngs of the In-

vestige. tioD COlTillli t.t(-;e for the :~ 8.tii'ic2. tion of the

London Naval Treaty of 193). The dates of the rn8etings

extend from 18 August 1930 to 26 September 1930.


CLERK OF THE COtffiT: Prosecution's document

No. 1124A will receive e:x..hibit No" 9101\.

(Whereupon, the document above re

f,-;rred to was marked prosecution's exhibit No.

910A and received in evidence.)

"I I

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9,161

CAPTAIN nOBINGON: I shall read extracts

from court exhibit No. 9l0-A. It is first to be

observed that the accused HlRJ~m[A is listed as

~resent at each of these meetings, serving in the

capacity of Vice-President of the Privy Council.

I shall now read from page 9, bottom para-

graph of c:)u::t exh::'bit 910-A~

uni'ortunc1:r} t~.':'~, <:'3 fC::':'l,er us W?:.l as the present

added thDt 9ccord.i)~g ) 1;:::: ;:(:)wsp[:pers -ehe Adminis-

t t · ,-' ~~. i' ~ ... . . ff' N "GAl . ra lve Ii lC e l'ln s'ccr ~:i.. i ore:!.gn l-L. alrs, 1-;. ,In

his speech at the oratorical meeting of the MINSEI TO

held at Hibiya Fublic Hnll on Au?ust 20th, stated as

follows: 'If the Privy Council interferes with the

retification of the London Tree.ty, lJ1.'hich the Cabinet

intends to conclude for the sake of promoting inter

national peace and to lighten the national burden,

we must fj.ght them as the public enemy of our nation. III

I shall now read from pApe 17 of exhibit

910-A, the third p~ragraph -- page 16 is the first

insert; pege 16, the third paragraph on page 16:

"Councillor KA17AI (?,sked whC'.t the Premier

meant ,;Ihen he ansv.'ered in the LO'l;ver House that the

Government would be solely respo'!1;~ible for national


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to

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9,162

defense. The Premier ~nswered thpt he had just replied

thet it was llilnecessary to discuss in the Diet the

details of the negotiations between the military

edministration org'anizE'tion c::nd the military command

organizetion; and that as the Navy General Staff was

not responsible to the outside, the Government would

be responsible. The said Councillor again p:sked on

~hGt grounds the Premier had, regardless of the

objection of the milit8r:", decided that the military

strength decided upon by the Treaty was suffi~ient

for our national de fens e; 2nd ,xh2 t he meant vThen he

said thet the stren?th decided upon by the present

agreement was only ~ part of our country's military

strength. The said Councillor continued to ask about

the au thori ty pass es s 'd by the Chief of the N<"vy

General Steff; and how the Premier could say, with

a mDit2;ry strength of y!hich the Chief of the NE'.vy

19 General Staff did not apnrove, that our national

20 I defense "Ias secure. The Premier replied to ee,ch of I

21 I these questions. tt ~? I :~ I Now, 2t ~8ge 17, the middl~ paragraph: _

-:'1 I "After tnis the same Councl.llor (KA"lAI)

24 Ii pointed out that the Prc~!er's explanation in the

25 I Privy Council 1:88 quite different from thF:t ~"hich he I I_J}Ld_IDP~in_the_ IUt3t_ wMr~h~Lb~~-.Sj;;Jl. t ed ___ tha t __ thL __ _


'-J,l.bj

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Government held the right to decide rr.ilit<::ry

strength. The Premier ansv:ered that he h2d not

stated th2t the Gbvernment held the right of decision,

but he he,d only said that the matter of concluding

treaties should be decided by the Cabinet. He answered

6 also that he could not state the scope end extent to

7 '\':~ich he took the military's opinion into considera-

8 tion, as this '\"2S ·9, confidentic::~l matter. MJ.lereupon,

9 the same Councillor asked how the Premier could explain

10 that agreement hed been reached Vi,'hen the matter re-

11 quired ngree2ent by the military. The Premier ex-

12 pIe ined thet it ',"8.S because he hed thought thAt the

13 military had had no objection pfter 211."

14 I shall next read from page 20, the bottom 15 paragraph, and continuing with the top paragraph on 16

p.:ge 21: 17

UThen Councillor KA",'AI c:: sked to be o.llm,'8d 18

to speak, stating that he desired to bring the ques-19

tions he had been asking for some time now to a con-20

21 elusion, but es the Ch8~irman Sf?id t11et there vo'uld. (;

22 a further chence of reviewing the questions some

23 other day, the said Councillor stated that it ~as

24 simply beyond his comprehension th2t the N:vy Ministi3r

! !

25 should say in his reply in the }~ouse of Peers th2t the I

nge_1_ifh_,e_n_t,h,_e __ st_r_en_f'_t_h_o_f_f_o_r_c_e_d_e_t_e~mi~~_~,_c_'1I_l_h __ 2_"'d ___ ,_1 PURL: https://www.legal-tools.org/doc/454f7c/

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9,164

already passed, end advocate the.t the most i:::'lportant

point e.S regards armaments lay in keeping them in a

perfect state £It all times. He &rgued that Jppan's

arMaments should be besed upon the possibility of

a crisis in the peace of the (lrient ,\:1!ith Arnerice or

other Third POWE3rs intervening in S ino-Jppenese

relations over rights and interests in I>'Tc::nchuria c).nd

Fongolia, and denanded to knm1' the ['overnment' s opinion

on the matter.

«To thiS, the Premier replied thpt it was a

fc:ct that the r['.tio of strengths, vis-a.-vis ilmerica,

provided in this treEty ",!ould become 1'10re unfavorable

for Japan the nearer we got to 1936, 2n~ therefore it

would be quite natural thet he /Counci11or KN"'AI/

should ,,'\'orry 2 bout Japnn' s n2tional defense, provided

that it \'\'as interpreted in a narrov! sense, but, the

Premier continued, he believed that friendly relations

\'\'i th other FQi..vers, financial adjustments v.nd other such

matters were likewise the essentiels of national de-

fense. Therefore, although he too was dissntisfied

22 with sore ph8ses of the neti?nel defense he was deter-

23 mined to put up 1'.'i th the present state of things for

the time being; and c:1though '\.".'e i;11OU1d have to bear I

'}lith the unfe-vorab1e ratio till the end of 1936, 1Ne i

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"-ould be eble to build ships from the beginning of 1937_,_[


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9,165

pnd so y.re had better ronke prepare. tions l",i thin the

scope admitted by the treaty. If ','lie commenced o'ur

ship-building simultaneously with the expiration of

the treaty terms, V're '.'Tould soon be able to hold 70%

as against America; and finally the Premier asserted

thE'.t it i'JRS (} groundless fear tho.t America would raise

trouble in China, taking a(~vantage of the period v"hen

the ratio would be Imv for our country."

Turning to page 25, the middle paragraph,

the second main paragraph:

"The Navy M;i.nister replied. that if the treaty

failed to be concl1.+ded, then the United States 1Nould

be hostile to Japan end there would be no Ruarantee

that she would not undertake direct competition 'Vd th

our country in warship construction; that although

the ratio against the United States in the 8-inch

gun cruiser class would fall to 60% and the cruisers 18

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'would be of old age, al=l pointed out by the Counc illor,

and no one could say that no trouble vvould occur then,

it vms not true that 6-inch gun cruisers could not

necessarily stano. up against 8-inch gun cruisers. He

added that some admirals even asserted that they cou'j

successfully sink one 8-inch gun cruiser 1Hi th four

destroyers. It

I turn to page 29 of the minutes, the bottom


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9,166

----._-----------._--_ .... _---_ .. _ .•. _-_._--_._-------.. _. __ ....... _-------------paragraph of page 29:

"Councillor KP.NEKO said that, according to

the J'eport of the United States Senate, what the

United St .. tes fears most· is submarines, and therefore

the more the number of Japanese submarines ,,','as re-

duced, the more powerful the United states "'pould

7 become. Statinf. that as long as Japan possessed sub-

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marines, there was nothing to be afraid of from the

United States, that world peace find international

faith were merely outward courtesies, and that peace

v'EJ.s untenable without repletion of military strength,

he discussed the i.ndispensability of submarines."

I turn to pege 34, the bottom paragraph on

page 34:

"Councillor l.1JBOT.A expressed opinion that

for nat.lpnal defense, "'Tealth cmd diplomacy '\'~ere neces..;.

sary in addition to military power, and although

knovJledge and spirit were most es sential, yet there

yvc:s no other '".lay to settle interne.tional disputes but

to resort to arms in the end. Japan's importance

today in the world lay in her military power alone.

The London Conference was where Britain and the United

States pave expression to their avarice under the fine

names of' unive:rsal peace 2.nd the lightening of burdens,

but they were only afraid of Japan's military povrer. II


1 tl Such .being the situation, he said, he was Most con-

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cerned over the recent question of the Supreme

Command 2.nd thought it wc?,s essential th!:.t the Navy

I,~inis ter and the Navy Chief of Staff come to an

Uf!ree!!1ent in deciding the mi1it ary strength. There-'

fore, upon hearing that the Minister concernod had

replied in his recent instructions that the two had

come to en agreement h.3 Vie,s greatly relieved."

I shall quote tviO more extracts, page 35,

the middle ~nd bottom paragraphs: This is councillor

KANEKO talking.

. tlJapJ.nese-lmer ican reI.::: tions 1\'ould be at

their most danrerous point ab~ut 1937. The United

States would !:!.ost certainly purchase the South

.Manchuria Railvt'ay in cooperation with China and would

attempt to drive Japanese influence out of M~nchuria

18 ,end Mongolia. Such being' tne ce.s e , it ''Ilc~s extremely

19 important to supplement the lack of military strength

20 caused bjr the London Treaty. Justice, he said, was

21 only superficial courtesy betv,'een nations, and the

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last resort ~7as military pmver alone.. That Jepan could

abolish extra-territoriality was due entirely to the

Sino-Ja.panese '1ar. On the other he.nd, the Netherlands

which had once been known as the world's r.7(3al thiest

eountry had fallen today to the position of a third-rate


9,168

-. -- ----- ._-----------.- ~

1 country because of the limitation of her armaments.

That a small -country like Jap2.n could [~dvance into the

3 'world as one of the Five Great Povvers ViaS due entirely

4 to the milit ary men. The 'Treaty of Portsmouth V,Jas also

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a reward of JapC'~nls milite,ry's victory."

l~d the conc1udin? para?raph at the bottom

of that p2ge:

tt~A.5 the Japanese military system 'Jc:.5 chnracter-

istic of Japan, being bnsed on the Japanese fighting

spirit, soul, and national structure, it should be

perfected to the last. Cn the basis nf the speeches

mrde in the United st[,tes Senate there could be no

doubt that the London Treaty was D prepnration for

pressure ['.g?inst Japan after 1936."

I now present to the Clerk IPS document No.

891. This is a book entitled, "A Record of the Privy

Council Concerning the Ratification of the London

Naval Treaty of 1930, If dated. 1 October 1930. The

certificDte of the secretary of the Privy Council is

attached. I request that the Clerk give this document

22 a court exhibit number for identification only.

23

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CLERK or THE COURT: Prosecution's document

No. 891 'will receive exhibit No. 911 for identification

only.

("nereupon, the document above


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referred to VTe.S marked prosecution's

exhibit 911 for identification.)

---.--,

Cl1PTLIN ROBINSON: I nov,! offer in evidence

an excerpt from court exhibit No. 911, marked for

identification only. The excerpt in its English trans

le-tion consis ts of t"\'Jenty-four papes 0 It is the

record of the conference of the Priv~r Council regard

ing the Imperial ratification of the London Navnl

Treaty of 1930, held on "ednesday, 1 October 1930.

THE PRES IDENT ~ {dmi tted on the usu8.1 terms.

CL1!:RK OF THE COURT: Prosecution's document

No. 891-A will receive exhibit No. 9l1-A.

( 1r'hereupon, the document above

referred to was marked prosecution's exhibit

No. 911-A and was received in evidence.)


9,170

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CAPTAIN ROBINSON: I shull read tbe following

Gxtr2cts from Court exhibit No. 911-A. It is first

to be observed tbnt the accused HIRANUIvIA~_is listed

as present nt the meeting in the capacity of Vice-

5 President of the Privy Council. I shall now rend from

6 nage 13 of tbe document; p2ge 13 middle Daro.graph.

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"No. -4 (hAMAGUCHI)~ I should now like to

state briefly the oninion of the Government on today's

problem of ro.tific2tion nf the London Naval Tre::lty.

The object of the London Naval Treaty, as bas just

bE::Gn reported by the Chief of the Investig2 tion

Comr;i ttce, is to -orevcnt thu dc-,nger of compcti tive

armnment for the sake of world peace, 8nd to reduce

the burden of taxes; and this treoty has been signed

and sealed by the reprOsEmtv. tives of the Five Powers

Jano.n, Britain, the U.S., France ond Italy. As far

as successful in an agreement on tte limitation of

auxiliary ships which had not been realized at the /

~nshington and Genevn Conferences, and have been

able to put a limi ta tion on '~,VE::ry type of ship.11

I shall nnw rend from pago 18, the bottom

paragraph~

11 No. 5 (r-. /\ 1/ ~ D .' P-" ) 1 . .t' ... l':, ... e .. ..!.. I.!' ;.::.~r.J : The first point of your

question seeDS to be, when did the so-called three

gre::. t principles come into Existence, which did not


9,171

1 exist in 1927/Showo. 2/, [:t tho tim..::: of tLc Gc;n0va'

2 Conference. Of course, there wes no such thing as tr.e

3 three great principles at the time of the Geneva

4 Conference. To be precise, even at the l~st conference,

5 they have neither been clearly implied in the instructions

6 given to the plenipotentiaries nor have they been

7 formally declared •. i~'hy, then, have there been rV.mors

8 abOllt them?"

9 Next, the following page, the bottom of png0

10 19 next to the bottom paragraph:

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liThe; so-c::llled three gr~[;.t principles ere

concerned with the military strength necessary for

tbe execution of the ult.1n of operations bns.cd on thcc.

national defenSE policy decided in 1923/Taisho 12/.

Thus, the three points - 70 per cent in total, 70

per cent in cruisers 'Ni th 8-inch guns, and thc prcs( nt

strongth in submarin8s - WGre instructed 0 No mention

was rrndc cs to which of the three would be the more

important, and the expression" the throe grcc:t principles

W JS not used in nny of tL.c official' documents.

because tr:esc:: throe were the main noints in our demands,

people c~llEd them the tr.ree great urinciples. The

navy has always attached importance to them.

liAs hc.s boen exnlo.1ned by Councillor 1151.11,

~e had feiled to accomplish ~ur demand of 70 ncr


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1 cent in capital ships nt tte 1T'nshington Conference,

2 and it w.s decided at 60 per cent; I;md 81so at the

Geneva Conference our strength in 8uxiliary ships 3

4 wes set at 60 ncr cent in the previsional comnromisc .. 5 draft between Japan end Britain. Accordingly, our

6 Navnl authorities, Dfter ycr:rs and yc,[:rs of investigations

7 'nere v;cll c~\']are of the difficulties in carrying through I

8 our demand of 70 per cont. In view of these former

9 experiences, they hsd instructed our uleninotcntinries

10 with the ~\ree greot 'Jrinciples, for the first time,

11 just beforEc th? opening of tr...e last Confo'ence.

12 Prepared to fight with their backs against the wall,

13 they put every effort into obtaining the understanding

14 of the whole nEtion •. For this purpose, young officers

15 mado trips to various places and gave lectures, 16

grf]atly emphasizing the importance of tho thrl..:e great 17

principles. Some of them seom to ~ave pushed their 18

arguments to extremes by stressing that it would 19

Irnean the ruin of our nation if we would fail to 20

accomplish these principles. These were 211 mnnifesta-21

tions of their 'Oatriotic snirit, and DS a result, 22

the public opinion Wo.s thoroughly tmified. I believe 23

this has had much to do vIi th our sucCess at the Conferenoe 24

25 in obtaining the ratio of 70 p~~r cent in total tonnage."

And a fin2l quotntion at page 22, beginning

I


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UNo. 4 (HAMAGUChI): As regnrds the London

T~cnty, there had been, prior to its being referred

t~ the Privy Council for deliberation, various

rumors in public about tl:e influenc(' it will have

unon tho political vlorld, e.nd some mischievous

elements, in line with these rumors, had been sprec:ding

2 number of vJild tales. For this rcason, there were

indications thc::.t unrest hed been .3rising in the political

and financial worlds. The treaty was referred to

the Privy Council for duliberr.tion on July 24., o.nd

after preliminary investigations by the Secretariat

of the Council, it w.;::s brought befor~) the Investigation

Comwittec which convened for ttc first time on

August 18. Since then more than fifty days had passed

till September 17, and the meeting of the Comrni ttee

had been held twelve times during that pcri6d~'

Meanwhile; the newspapers in Tokyo, not being informed

of the proceed~ngs of the Investigation Committee

VJhich had been kept secr~~t, indulged in conjectures

and published a number of articles~ Readers, ignorant

of the circumstances, would either harbor suspicions

about the destiny of the treaty, or would be scentical

about a probable discord between tte Privy Council

and the Government. Various organizations,taking


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,---------_._-----------------------------._--------------------.

1 advantage of this situation, began one after tte

2 other to attempt mischief-making 1 and among the various

3 articles, there were some that could be clcssified

4 as reprehensible. They VJere openly or secretly

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distributed to various quorters,- and every menns

of alienation nnd slander were attempted. This

being the si tuntion, it VJ(;S impossible for people I

8 to discriminate truth from falsehood and good from I

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bod. As a result, it is a fact thnt cannot be conce!lled

that the gE"nera.l public VJ(;:S driv'en to an indescribable

11 sort of unrest end unhappiness. Even if it were not

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so, public feeling today is apt to leck stability and

self-possession, and it is deplorable that such a

condition should long continue.

liAs long as the destiny of this treaty

remains undecided, it will not only be impossible

to eradicGte this type of ,unrest, but it is evident

tha t there will be a tendency for the unrE~S t in public

feeling to gradually increcse, ipcited by dnily

articles in newspapers ond nIl the other scrmdalous

21 pronaganda. The problem of the finnncinl world in

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particular, is what the Governmc;nt cannot help but

be mostly concerned ebout.1t

I shall nOVi offer i.n evidence documents to

show Japanese naval activitieS in opposition to the

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Naval Limitation Trea'~ies, mainly the Washington

Treaty of 1922~ the London 'l'reaty of 1930 and the

London Treaty of 1936.

Documentnry evidence will nmv be presented

from Court exhibit No. 58 nlreDdy in evidence -- Ceurt

exLibi t 58, I bolh::ve it is befere; the Court-- pages

1 to 63, 'which include pages 249 to' 306 of Volume I,

Stnte Department papers relattng to' the fereign

relatiens of the United 0t~tJS and Japan, 1931-1941.

I shall read first at pages 5 to' 9, the

communicatien from the United States Am'tJnssc~dar,

Joseph G. GroliJ) to' SecretDry of State, Cerdell Hull,

dated et TokyO', 15 September 1933:

THE PR8E.:IDENT: This is a rather lang letter.

I think you had better re~d it in the morning, Captain.

1f!e will adjourn now until half pest nine tamerFOIiY

morning.

(V,:hereupon, at 1558, an c.d journment

wrs t2ken until Friday 1 November 1946, at

0930/»

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