Implicit Bias and Stereotype Threat

Implicit Bias and!Stereotype Threat !!!!University of Leeds !13 May 2015!!Ian James Kidd!Durham University"

Implicit bias

‘Implicit bias refers to the attitudes or stereotypes that affect our understanding, actions, and decisions in an unconscious manner … activated involuntarily and without an individual’s awareness or intentional control.’ ! !" " " " " " " " (Kirwan Institute 2014:16) "

Implicit bias

1. Involuntary.!!2. Introspectively inaccessible.!!3. Ubiquitous.!!4. Stable across ages, sexes, etc.!!5. Cognitively useful.!!6. Malleable."

Implicit bias

Implicit association tests (IATs)

1. IB can strongly contrast with genuinely and strongly held convictions, values, and beliefs.!!!2. IB are held even by members of negatively affected groups (so you can be biased against a group, even if you are a member of it).!!!3. Many forms of IB, targeting age, sex, ethnicity, etc., often intersecting in ‘perfect storm’ groups.!!"

The dangers of implicit bias

1. Perception !!!2. Memory !!!3. Judgment!!!4. Action"

What does implicit bias affect?

An involuntary, unconscious, self-directed ‘sabotaging’ of one’s intellectual or physical performance, so that one conforms to a negative stereotype.!!!!!!!"

Stereotype threat

1. Really caring about the task at hand.!!!2. If the task is ‘high-stakes’.!!!3. If you are reminded of your membership of the stereotyped group prior to, or during, the task."

What amplifies stereotype threat?

1. Reading lists, syllabi, and curricula.!!2. Seminar and conference line-ups.!!3. CV, essays, and other assessed documents!!4. Student and peer evaluation.!!5. Interpersonal interactions.!!6. Hiring."

IB, ST, and academic life

IB, ST, and academic life

1. Telling yourself not to be biased.!!!2. Thinking of yourself as an ‘objective’ person.!!!3. Reflecting on times when you were not biased.!!!4. Being tired, hungry, rushed, etc."

What doesn’t work?

1. Reflecting on times when you were biased.!!!2. Anonymising.!!!3. Reflecting on counter-stereotypical exemplars.!!!4. Being rested, fed, and watered."

What does work?

Durham Royal Institute of Philosophy lectures"

What does work?

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What if I’m still sceptical?

Thanks to …"

""Professor Jennifer Saul"Head of the Department of Philosophy"University of Sheffield"

"•  Kirwan Institute, State of the

Science: Implicit Bias Review 2014"

http://kirwaninstitute.osu.edu/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/2014-implicit-bias.pdf"

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If you want to know more …

"•  Jenny Saul, ‘Implicit Bias, Stereotype Threat, and Women in

Philosophy’"http://tinyurl.com/n5khsrm"

"

"•  Project Implicit "

https://implicit.harvard.edu/implicit/""

"•  Implicit Bias and Philosophy"

http://www.biasproject.org""""


"•  Jenny Saul, ‘Why Implicit Bias Matters’, 48mins" https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2_FqrHs9S-s"""•  Melanie Funchness, ‘Implicit Bias – How It Affects Us and How

We Push Through’, 16mins" https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fr8G7MtRNlk"""•  Mahzarin Banaji and Anthony Greenwald, Blindspot: Hidden

Biases of Good People (Delacourte, 2013)""


•  ‘Reviewing Applicants: Research on Bias and Assumptions’" wiseli.engr.wisc.edu/docs/BiasBrochure_2ndEd.pdf """•  ‘Reducing Implicit Bias in Hiring’"

http://uvasearchportal.virginia.edu/?q=reducing_implicit_bias"""•  Writing ‘bias-proofed’ letters of recommendation"

http://www.portal.advance.vt.edu/index.php/tags/letters-of-recommendation"

"


•  Women's Work"http://women.aap.org.au/papers/about/index.html"

"

"•  The UP Directory"

http://www.theupdirectory.com""

"•  Philosophical Spaces"

https://philosophicalspaces.wordpress.com""

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Implicit Bias and Stereotype Threat

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