GIS/ AutoCad

Bergische Universität Wuppertal

Amin Hamedani ([email protected])

AUTOCAD Introduction Why AutoCAD Download and Install Start AutoCAD Useful commands

Introduction AutoCAD is a software application for computer-aided design (CAD) and drafting. The software supports both 2D and 3D formats.

The software is developed and sold by Autodesk, Inc., first released in December 1982

Autodesk states that the AutoCAD software is now used in a range of industries, employed by architects, project managers and engineers, amongst other professions,

Why AUTOCAD Increase in the productivity of the designer:

The CAD software helps designer in visualizing the final product that is to be made, it subassemblies and the constituent parts. The product can also be given animation and see how the actual product will work, thus helping the designer to immediately make the modifications if required. CAD software helps designer that translates into fast designing, lower designing cost and shorter project completion times.

Why AUTOCAD Improve the quality of the design: With the CAD software the designing professionals are offered large number of tools that help in carrying out thorough engineering analysis of the proposed design. The tools also help designers to consider large number of investigations. Since the CAD systems offer greater accuracy, the errors are reduced drastically in the designed product leading to better design. Eventually, better design helps carrying out manufacturing faster and reducing the wastages that could have occurred because of the faulty design.

Why AUTOCAD Creating documentation of the designing:

Creating the documentation of designing is one of the most important parts of designing and this can be made very conveniently by the CAD software. The documentation of designing includes geometries and dimensions of the product.

Why AUTOCAD Saving of design data and drawings: All the data used for designing can easily be saved and used for the future reference, thus certain components don't have to be designed again and again. Similarly, the drawings can also be saved and any number of copies can be printed whenever required. Some of the component drawings can be standardized and be used whenever required in any future drawings.

Download and Install AutoCADwww.autodesk.com

Download and Install AutoCAD


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Useful CommandsUseful Modify commandsModify Layers

Start AutoCad

Start Autocad

Step 2

The AutoCad Screen

Useful Commands

Lines and Degrees

POLAR CO-ORDINATES -we would enter this as D<A. In this case, D is the distance and A is the angle. Example: 10<90 will draw a line 10 units straight up from the first point.

Draw line

Example

Example 1 Let’s draw line with the length of 10 units and 0 degree

Then draw line with same length but the degree will change to 45

For the third line also draw line with length of 10 units and for degree plus 45 to your pervious degree ( 45 + 45 = 90 )

You must draw 8 line with 8 different degrees : 0 , 45, 90, 135, 180, 225, 270, 315

At end draw lines from end of lines to each other

Tip : Object Snaps Suppose we want to draw a line from the center of the circle to the middle of the vertical line you extended earlier. AutoCAD has a feature that makes this very easy. These are the Object Snaps.

By pressing F3 we can turn on and turn off this function and also for setting there is icon at bottom of screen :

Object Snaps

Ortho mode As we create or move objects, we can use Ortho mode to restrict the cursor to the horizontal or vertical axis. As we move the cursor, the rubber-band line follows the horizontal or vertical axis, whichever is nearest the cursor:

Assignment 1

Modify Commands

Example 2 Let’s draw line with the length of 10 units and 0 degree

Then cross a line with the length of 5 units and 90 degree

Copy that line 5 times Trim a part of lines that are above first line

Result

Assignment 2 Draw a circle with the radius of 1 Draw a second circle with same base point with the radius of 1.5

Draw a line horizontal and vertical from center of circle which cross both circle

Use trim commands for erase lines For erase first arc you must select first select object that are 2 sides of arc and after select it you trim a arc and also you done the same for another circle

Result

Layer / Text / Dim

Layer The first thing you want to do is create three layers. Layers are used to organize drawings. Imagine a large project for a high-rise tower. The designers would create layers for the electrical, plumbing, landscape and more. It is necessary to control the drawing and turn some layers off and view only the ones you want. This is one reason why layers are needed. When you go on to use AutoCAD professionally, every drawing you deal with will have layers.

Example 3 Now we have the dialog box on your screen, click the 'New' button . This will create a new layer and give us an opportunity to name it. Name this layer TEXT. Click on the small box towards the right and select yellow for the color. Create another layer and call this one DIMS (for dimensions), and make its color red. Finally, create a third layer and call it OBJECT and make its color green. We have just created three new layers in your drawing. Highlight the TEXT layer and then press the 'Make Current' button . This makes the TEXT layer current and anything you draw will be placed on that layer. Your Dialog box should look like the one above. If it does, press OK to close the dialog box.

Now that you have your layers, select all your objects and then look for the layer tool panel. There is a drop list there with all of your layer names. With your objects selected, change the layer to OBJECT. If all went well, your lines and circles will now be green and on the object layer.

Example 3

Final Example

GIS/ AutoCad

Documents

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