ANDEAN PASTVolume 8

2007

Editors

MONICA BARNES

and

DANIEL H. SANDWEISS

University of Maine

Graphics Editor

DAVID FLEMING

Editorial Associate

RUTH ANNE PHILLIPS

Graduate Center, CUNY

Editorial Advisory Board

RICHARD L. BURGER

Yale University

THOMAS F. LYNCH

Brazos Valley Museum of Natural History

MICHAEL E. MOSELEY

University of Florida

JAMES B. RICHARDSON IIIUniversity of Pittsburgh

Copyright 2007 by the Cornell University Latin American Studies Program

ISSN 1055-08756

ANDEAN PAST is a peer-reviewed, numbered publication series dedicated to research in thearchaeology and ethnohistory of Western South America. Although it focuses on pre-Columbiantimes, it includes articles on the colonial period that enhance understanding of indigenous culturesbefore 1492. ANDEAN PAST encourages data-based submissions, contributions to the history ofAndean archaeology, papers grounded in environmental archaeology, fresh interpretations supportedby accompanying data, interim and field reports, and the publication of short documents. Weemphasize high quality grayscale photographs and black-and-white line illustrations.

The Cornell Latin American Studies Program is the publishing institution for ANDEAN PAST .Orders should be addressed to: Latin American Studies Program, 190 Uris Hall, Cornell University,Ithaca, New York 14853; telephone (607) 255-3345, fax (607) 255-8989, email: TLV4@Cornell.edu

Inquiries and manuscripts submitted for future volumes should be sent to:

Monica Barnes377 Rector Place, Apartment 3CNew York, New York 10280

Telephone (212) 945-0535, cell phone (917) 992-5880, e-mail: Monica@andeanpast.org

Cover: Mario Galindo dressed as a chaski while participating in Victor von Hagen’s 1954 “Inca Roads”expedition. Photo by Francis A. Riddell used with permission of the California Institute of Peruvian Studiesand of Adriana von Hagen.

ANDEAN PASTVolume 8

2007

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Editor’s Preface by Monica Barnes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v

Obituaries:

Gordon Randolph Willey (March 17, 1913 - April 28, 2002) by Michael E. Moseley . . . . . . 1

Edwin Nelson Ferdon, Jr.(June 14, 1913 - November 13, 2002) by Earl H. Lubensky . . . . . . 9

John Howland Rowe (June 10, 1918 - May 1, 2004) by Richard L. Burger . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

Richard Paul Schaedel (1920-2005) by Tom D. Dillehay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

Donna McClelland (October 24, 1932 - September 11, 2004)by Christopher B. Donnan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

Edward Craig Morris (October 7, 1939 - June 14, 2006)by Thomas F. Lynch and Monica Barnes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

Ed Franquemont (February 17, 1945 - March 11, 2003) by Ann Peters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

Anne Cheryl Paul (died April 8, 2003) by Susan A. Niles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

Articles:

Tello’s “Lost Years”: 1931-1935 by Richard E. Daggett . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

Bringing Ethnography Home: Knut Hjalmar Stolpe’s Work in Peru (1884) by Ellen FitzSimmons Steinberg and Jack H. Prost . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109

Evidence for Conjuring in Pre-Columbian Peruby William E. Spooner and Gordon F. McEwan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145

Prehispanic Use of Domestic Space at La Huerta de Huacalera by Jorge Roberto Palma . . . . . 153

Archaeological Recovery at Quebrada de la Vaca by Francis A. Riddell . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181

Clothing from Quebrada de la Vaca West: An Inca Cemetery on the South Coast of Peru by Grace Katterman . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219

The Village of Beringa at the Periphery of the Wari Empire: A Site Overview and NewRadiocarbon Dates

by Tiffiny A. Tung . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253

ANDEAN PAST 8 (2007) - iv

The Wari Heartland on the Arequipa Coast: Huamanga Ceramics from Beringa, Majes Valley,Peru

by Bruce Owen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287

Diversity and Virtuosity in Early Nasca Fabrics by Anne Cheryl Paul . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 375

An Aguada Textile in an Atacamenian Context by William J Conklin and Barbara Mallon Conklin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 407

Animal Resources and Recuay Cultural Transformations at Chinchawas (Ancash, Peru) by George F. Lau . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 449

Late Paracas Obsidian Tools from Animas Altas, Peru by Richard L. Burger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 477

Addresses of Authors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 493

Advice to Contributors to Andean Past . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 495

EDITOR’S PREFACE

One of Andean Past’s specialities is the historyof Andean archaeology. This issue contains sev-eral solid contributions to that subfield. RichardE. Daggett continues his serial biography of Peru-vian archaeologist Julio C. Tello with “Tello’s‘Lost Years’: 1931-1935”. Faithful readers ofAndean Past will recall “Reconstructing the Evi-dence for Cerro Blanco and Punkuri” published inAndean Past 1 and “The Paracas Mummy Bundlesof the Great Necropolis of Wari Kayan: A His-tory” in Andean Past 4. Here, in Andean Past 8,Daggett elucidates a very difficult period in Tello’slife. In October, 1930, Tello lost his post as Direc-tor of the Museo de Arqueología Peruana, un-doubtedly for political reasons. His friend SamuelLothrop characterized the following five years as aperiod of poverty and obscurity. However,Daggett, on the basis of extensive newspaperarticles, argues that Tello “quickly reassertedhimself in the affairs of his nation’s cultural patri-mony.” He re-established institutional ties andconducted major fieldwork.

In “Bringing Ethnography Home” Ellen Fitz-Simmons Steinberg and Jack H. Prost explorethe activities of Knut Hjalmar Stolpe, a prominentSwedish ethnographer and archaeologist. Stolpewas long been assumed to have been one of thefirst persons to conduct scientific excavation inthe Andes. However, Steinberg and Prost demon-strate that, during his brief visit to Lima andAncón, Stolpe functioned as a collector of antiqui-ties, rather than as a systematic excavator.

To illustrate this article we publish, probablyfor the first time, several images by three famousnineteenth century photographers. Figure 2 showsthe destruction of Chorrillos, site of a major battlein the War of the Pacific (1879-1884), and nowpart of metropolitan Lima. This view, as well asthe better-known shot of Chorrillos reproduced asFigure 3, was taken by Franco-Peruvian photogra-

pher Eugène Courret. Figure 4, also by Courret,depicts the seaside town of Ancón around 1880.Figure 12, Courret’s evocative portrait of antiqui-ties hunter George Kiefer, exemplifies the stylethat made Courret a top society photographer.

Figures 5, 6, 9, 13, 14, and 15, also presentedhere for the first time, are by O. B. Ekholm, theofficial photographer of the around-the-worldVanadis expedition discussed by Steinberg andProst. Figures 8 and 10 are also by Ekholm. To-gether they are a valuable record of treasurehunting at Ancón and at Magdalena del Mar, ofscientific norms in the late nineteenth century,and of figures important to the development ofPeruvian archaeology. Figure 7, showing a mu-seum display, is from the studio of R. Castillo, aphotographer active in Lima during the 1870s. Ithas also remained unpublished until now.

The history of magic is not a topic ordinarilyfound within these pages. However, in this issuepracticing magician William E. Spooner andAndean archaeologist Gordon F. McEwan haveteamed up to provide us with a diversion into thatfield. With “Evidence for Conjuring in Pre-Colum-bian Peru” they explain the functioning of anintriguing Peruvian vessel. According to Spoonerand McEwan, this bowl is an “inexhaustible ves-sel” or lota bowl used to create the illusion that itmagically refills itself. Although Old World paral-lels exist, stylistic, thermoluminescent, and radio-carbon dating all suggest an affiliation with theChancay or Chimu cultures. Spooner andMcEwan postulate an independent invention inthe New World.

In this issue of Andean Past we are pleased topublish a fine contribution to the archaeology ofNorthwestern Argentina. “Prehispanic Use ofDomestic Space at La Huerta de Huacalera” byJorge Roberto Palma presents an overview of the

ANDEAN PAST 8 (2007): v-x.

ANDEAN PAST 8 (2007) - vi

site of La Huerta de Huacalera, an urban centeroccupied from the late first millennium A.D. toearly colonial times. Palma concentrates on thephysical organization of that site, basing himself on“chronological, architectural and contextualcriteria”. After an introduction to the site, itsnatural environment, previous studies, and theceramic typology, Palma analyzes architecture, thearchaeological strata in and around the buildings,and the artifacts they contained. He presentstwenty 14C dates and suggests functions for variouscomponents of La Huerta de Huacalera with theaim of understanding the societies that built andmaintained this site.

This volume of Andean Past, like others beforeit, contains the obituaries of several finecolleagues. People often ask me how I feel aboutthe task of writing and editing memorials. Al-though it’s sometimes hard to accept the death ofa valued friend, an obituary is really a short biogra-phy, and often the only place in which a person’slife trajectory is set down. It does give comfort andsatisfaction to make a scholar’s contributionsbetter known. Recently the 1955 annual volumeof the Pennsylvania German Folklore Societycame into my hands. In it editor Preston A. Barbaexpresses feelings very close to my own:

Some might regard it as a mournful task to . . .count our dead . . . We do not regard this assign-ment as a mournful one, however. To us it pro-vides an opportunity to pay a small tribute tothose who labored in the field of our commonendeavor. Because we knew the peopleintimately, we know the joy they gained throughtheir efforts and their sharing it with us and you.So let it be with all. In these accounts we avoidall titles, all rank and all mention of worldlywealth. There is only one criterion and that isservice.

(page 283)

Sadly, since the publication of Andean Past 7we unexpectedly lost one of our editorial boardmembers, Craig Morris. Craig’s clarity of visionhas guided Andean Past from its conception. Hisfellow board member Thomas F. Lynch knew himsince graduate school, and I had the opportunity

to take a course from Craig at Cornell in the mid-1980s, so it seemed natural for us to collaborate inwriting about Craig’s life and contributions to thefield of Andean studies. Early in his career thissoft-spoken and even-mannered scholar teamedup with the volatile John V. Murra to conductground-breaking interdisciplinary research at thelarge Inca site of Huánaco Pampa. Later Craigworked at the important Inca coastal sites ofChincha and Tambo Colorado. On the basis offieldwork and wide reading he published a series ofinterpretative articles that have presented Incaculture to both scholarly and popular readerships.

In Andean Past 8 two colleagues are memorial-ized through their own work. Jonathan Kent’sobituary of his friend and colleague Francis A.(Fritz) Riddell was published in Andean Past 7.The present volume contains a posthumous articleby Fritz, “Archaeological Recovery at Quebrada dela Vaca, Chala, Peru”. In 1954 Fritz and his firstwife Dorothy (Dolly) Menzel surveyed and exca-vated Quebrada de la Vaca during a six weekperiod. Towards the end of his life Fritz spentconsiderable time transforming their field notesinto formal reports. In the short time they were atthe site they accomplished a remarkable amountof work, including the production of a plan of itsmain portion. This was not published beforeHermann Trimborn came out with his own inde-pendent plan of Quebrada de la Vaca. As usual insuch cases, there are small but significant differ-ences between the Riddell-Menzel and Trimbornrenditions. To facilitate comparisons, we publishtwo versions of the Riddell-Menzel plan, as it wasoriginally drawn, and as it was expanded andmodified by Fritz in the late 1980s. The first planemphasizes compounds that make up Quebradade la Vaca. The later plan reveals the locations ofmany features observed there.

Fritz’s site report, valuable in and of itself,serves as the essential background for GraceKatterman’s “Clothing from Quebrada de la VacaWest: An Inca Cemetery on the South Coast ofPeru”. Riddell and Menzel recovered over 100disturbed mummy bundles at Quebrada de laVaca West. They deposited these in the Museo

vii - Barnes: Editor’s Preface

Regional de Ica. Many years later, after Fritz hadreturned to Peruvian field work and had gathereda team, Grace began to conserve and study thetextiles accompanying the bodies. Here we haveher report on the only large set of Inca common-ers’ clothing from the Peruvian coast to havesurvived the vicissitudes of time. These two Que-brada de la Vaca reports are companion pieces to“A Cache of Inca Textiles from Rodadero, AcaríValley” by Katterman and Riddell (Andean Past4). Without the gracious and enthusiastic supportof Dorothy (Dolly) Menzel, the Quebrada de laVaca articles in this volume could not have beenpublished.

Susan A. Niles has written an appreciation ofher good friend, Anne Paul, and contributed anevocative photograph of Anne taken duringPeruvian fieldwork. We also publish one of Anne’slast articles, “Diversity and Virtuosity in EarlyNasca Fabrics”. Anne submitted her manuscriptjust ten weeks before her death. She remained incontact with the editors almost until the end, onlyreferring to her fatal illness as a “setback” whenher messages became more personal and shebegan to reminisce about her childhood in Ari-zona. Although I never had the pleasure of meet-ing Anne face-to-face, I nevertheless enjoyedworking with her. In Andean Past 6 we publishedher article “Bodiless Human Heads in ParacasNecropolis Textile Iconography”. Even at longdistance I sensed a gracious, intelligent, and bravewoman dedicated to research.

“Diversity and Virtuosity . . .” moves forwardin time from Anne Paul’s famous and fundamentalwork on the fabrics associated with Paracasmummy bundles. In the present article she refinesour understanding of early Nasca textiles, in termsof both style and dating. Nasca chronology restson Lawrence Dawson’s unpublished mid-twentiethcentury ceramic seriation, augmented by 14C assaysand by study of excavation contexts. There is noindependent seriation for textiles. As Paul puts it,“our chronology for the textile tradition is basedprimarily on the association of textiles with scien-tifically excavated pottery and on iconographiccomparisons with dated ceramics”, the latter a

difficult task, according to Paul. The dating of theEarly Nasca textile style is based largely on textilesrecovered by Alfred L. Kroeber in 1926. Mostmuseum textiles lack exact provenance data. Inher article published here, Anne Paul analyzesNasca shawls that she can assign to the EarlyIntermediate Period Epoch 3.

My first encounter with Gordon R. Willeywas in 1972 when I was a humble special studentat Harvard and he was already an august profes-sor. Our interaction involved a library book whichI had, and he needed, and he was the personifica-tion of courtesy, which struck me amid the generalfractiousness of that time and place. In 1979 I waspresent in London, along with our GraphicsEditor, David Fleming, and many other people,when Willey received the Huxley MemorialMedal from the Royal Anthropological Instituteand delivered his lecture “Towards a HolisticView of Ancient Maya Civilizations”. Our pathsdidn’t cross again until shortly before Willey’sdeath. I persuaded him to write his reminiscencesof the early years of the Institute for PeruvianStudies. I see this essay as a companion to theinstitutional histories on the Northeast Confer-ence on Andean Archaeology and Ethnohistoryand of the Midwestern Conference on Andeanand Amazonian Archaeology and Ethnohistorythat we published in Andean Past 6. Once he hadagreed, Willey was conscientious about completinga draft before undergoing heart surgery. We willpublish this, along with Richard E. Daggett’sintroduction, in Andean Past 9. In the course ofplanning these reminiscences, Gordon Willey andI shared several enjoyable phone conversationsand a short series of letters. The man was just asgracious in 2002 as he had been thirty yearsbefore. In this volume Michael E. Moseley,Willey’s colleague at Harvard, and in the field,records his impact on Andean archaeology.

Also in this volume Andean Past EditorialBoard member Richard L. Burger publishes hisobituary of his mentor John Howland Rowe. Burger is one of some twenty doctoral students ofRowe’s who have made significant contributionsto Andean archaeology and anthropology. A

ANDEAN PAST 8 (2007) - viii

strong and unusual personality emerges in thistribute. Burger presents Rowe’s achievements incontext, expressing his admiration in so doing.Beginning at a young age, and continuing almostuntil his death, John Rowe constructed a twen-tieth century view of Inca culture which has beenvery influential.

Many former students in the United States,Peru, and Germany remember Richard PaulSchaedel as a brilliant anthropological archaeolo-gist who was unfailingly generous to youngerscholars. One of these, Tom D. Dillehay, assessesSchaedel’s many important contributions to ourunderstanding of complex societies in general, andto Andean studies in particular. Schaedel’s ex-traordinary productivity and the breadth of hisscholarship are apparent from the bibliography ofhis publications which accompany his obituary. Asusual with Andean Past obituaries, we have strivento make this list as complete as possible.

It is easy to underrate the modest. In ourdiscipline solid, data-based contributions oftenwait quietly within the short-run journals untilsomebody recognizes their importance. Likewise,real critical insights sometimes lurk in the pages ofpopular articles as well as in more obvious venueslike American Anthropologist. With his obituary ofhis friend and colleague Edwin Nelson Ferdon,Jr., Earl H. Lubensky helps us appreciate thework and thought of an archaeologist whosecontributions, are not, I suspect, as fully appreci-ated as they should be. During the course of hislong life Ferdon developed an expertise in thearchaeology of the Andean countries, especiallyEcuador, of the U.S. Southwest, of Mexico, and ofthe South Pacific. From the 1930s through the1960s, Ferdon conducted surveys and excavations.As his knowledge grew, so did his critical faculties.Although he published in mainstream academicjournals, he also wrote for magazines like El Pala-cio and Archaeology, that are aimed at the generalpublic. In making us more aware of the accom-plishments of this remarkable man, Lubensky alsotells us something of his own work on Ferdon’sEcuadorian collections.

I have always believed that illustration is justas important to archaeology as the written por-tions of reports. Donna McClelland, along withChristopher B. Donnan, made a superb originalcontribution to Moche studies through her mas-tery of graphic representation. Chris Donnanexplains the significance of this contribution andshares the highlights of Donna’s life in his obituaryof his colleague. Donnan and McClelland realizedthat Moche fine-line paintings on ceramics are keyto an understanding of Moche iconography, ritual,and culture. Because they are wrapped aroundthree dimensional forms, these paintings aredifficult to illustrate. Conventional photographydoesn’t capture them in their entireties. Donnanand McClelland devised a system which producedcomplete drawings from series of photos. Thedrawings then became a study corpus. An exampleaccompanies the obituary.

When I lived in Ithaca, New York during the1980s, one of the town’s most outstanding charac-ters was Ed Franquemont. He was part hippy, partcraftsman, part scholar, and yet somehow bothone hundred percent family man and onehundred percent activist. Ed’s bald pate, bushy redbeard, and big personality animated many ameeting, lecture, and demonstration. His tributein this issue has been written by Ann Peters,another Ithaca resident who shared many of Ed’sinterests and concerns from textile arts to commu-nity activism.

In “An Aguada Textile in an AtacamenianContext” William J Conklin and Barbara MallonConklin explore a deeply prehispanic exchangenetwork. They focus on the presence of non-Tiwanaku, non-local artifacts in human burials atSan Pedro de Atacama, Chile. Their detailedanalysis allows them to reconstruct San Pedro’srole. The Conklins see the prehispanic people ofSan Pedro as neither the carriers of an independ-ent and widespread culture, nor as the operators ofa mere trading post. Furthermore, the absence ofTiwanaku architectural elements leads them toconclude that San Pedro was not a colony.Rather, they see ancient San Pedro as the nexusin a trading web. The trails of the Atacama are

ix - Barnes: Editor’s Preface

the threads. Hallucinogens were among the mostimportant goods that passed along this web,although people and the knowledge they carriedin their heads moved through it, too. As with atextile, every point in the exchange web is ulti-mately connected with every other point. TheConklins support their reconstruction by notingthat certain complicated tie-dye techniques appearin a Pucara textile, in Tiwanaku and Huari ones,and in an Aguada style fabric found in a SanPedro burial. This distribution, according to theConklins, reflects nodes in the trade and commu-nications net.

Tiffiny A. Tung and Bruce Owen havecontributed a pair of papers on the Beringa site onPeru’s far south coast. The first, by Tung, is “TheVillage of Beringa at the Periphery of the WariEmpire: A Site Overview and New RadiocarbonDates”. Beringa is in the Majes Valley. It wasoccupied during the Middle Horizon, apparentlyabandoned, and then re-used during the LateIntermediate Period, at least as a cemetery. Thesite has been heavily looted. Tung and her teamset out to gather as much information as possiblefrom disturbed, as well as in situ human, artifac-tual, and architectural remains. Postulating thatWari imperial re-organization occurred around800-900 A.D., Tung looks at how those changesmay have affected a small site on the edge ofWari’s sphere of influence. Here she reports onthe 2001 field season of the Beringa Bio-archaeology and Archaeology Project which shedirected.

“The Wari Heartland on the Arequipa Coast:Huamanga Ceramics from Beringa, Majes Valley,Peru” by Bruce Owen is an unusually thoroughanalysis of a ceramic sample. Although Beringa issome 370 kilometers as the condor flies from theWari center, many of the ceramics it has yieldedcan be placed on the continuum of the Huamangastyle as defined by various scholars. In the courseof his analysis Owen considers the implications ofthe surprisingly large spread of Huari and Huari-influenced ceramics. Taking into account thespecifics of the Beringa site and its disposition ofartifacts, he draws plausible inferences about the

Beringa lifestyle, as well as the socio-politicalorganization of the Wari polity.

While most scholars, following Julio C. Tello,accept that the Recuay groups of Peru’s NorthHighlands prospered through agro-pastoralism,until recently there was only circumstantial evi-dence for their camelid herding. In “AnimalResources and Recuay Cultural Transformationsat Chinchawas (Ancash, Peru)” George F. Lauanalyses the faunal assemblages from sequentialoccupations at Chinchawas, a site in the head ofthe Casma drainage. His work confirms the inten-sive use of camelids in this highland area duringthe Early Intermediate Period and Middle Hori-zon, especially between A.D. 500 and A.D. 900.

As Richard L. Burger points out in “LateParacas Obsidian Tools from Animas Altas, Peru”,“the stone tool industries of prehispanic Andeancultures possessing ceramics have been ignoredbecause they seemed less useful than pottery aschronological markers. However, analysis of stonetools offers unique insights into subsistence,cultural continuity, trade patterns, site function,ethnicity, and other topics of archaeological inter-est.” In this volume Burger analyses the largestcollection of obsidian artifacts discovered at aParacas site. In 1959 the late Lawrence Dawsoncollected these 238 obsidian bifaces and flakes atAnimas Altas, an Ocucaje 9 site in the Ica Val-ley’s Callango Basin. Burger argues that these arebasically projectile points, not representative of amultifunctional tool kit. All are made of materialfrom the Quispisisa Source previously identified byBurger and Glascock in Andean Past 7. Quispisisa is 225 km from Animas Altas. This long-distanceprovenance has implications for exchange net-works during the Early Horizon.

With the publication of Andean Past 8 we arehappy to welcome two new members to ourEditorial Advisory Board, Michael E. Moseleyand James B. Richardson III. Both of thesedistinguished Andeanists have been guiding usbehind the scenes for many years. In Volume 3 wepublished Mike’s “Maritime Foundations andMultilinear Evolution: Retrospect and Prospect”.

ANDEAN PAST 8 (2007) - x

Here he evaluated his Maritime Foundationshypothesis more than twenty years after he firstproposed it. According to this perspective, theresources of the sea and shoreline, supplemented by farming, gathering, and/or hunting, are suffi-cient for the development of high culture. InAndean Past 6 Mike co-authored “The MirafloresEl Niño disaster: Convergent Catastrophes andPrehistoric Agrarian Change in Southern Peru”with Dennis R. Satterlee, David K. Keefer, andJorge E. Tapia A.

In Andean Past 9 we intend to publish “Cli-mate, Agricultural Strategies, and Sustainability inthe Precolumbian Andes” by Charles R. Ortloffand Michael E. Moseley, a paper accepted beforeMike’s board position became available.

Together and with colleagues, James B. Rich-ardson III and founding editor Daniel H.Sandweiss have authored many papers, mostly onaspects of early cultures of the Peruvian coast andon climate reconstructions. For many years Jimhas been a friendly and unassuming source ofsound advice both for Andean Past and to theeditors personally and professionally.

We are delighted to welcome both Jim andMike to the Andean Past Editorial Advisory Boardand look forward to working with them in theirnew capacity. We also welcome Ruth AnnePhillips as Editorial Associate. Ruth Anne countsprofessional proofreading among her many skills.She has recentlydefended a doctoral dissertationon pre-Columbian influences on American artdeco architecture at the Graduate Center of theCity University of New York. She brings a passionfor all things Andean to her work on our series.

Journals, like people, often develop middle agespread. We launched Andean Past in 1987 with a292-page volume. Sprinting along, Andean Past 2(1989) is a slim 237 pages and AP 3 (1992) main-tains its weight at 236 pages. Then, in large partbecause of the rich submissions the Andeanistcommunity continued to feed us, AP ballooned. Numbering 506 pages, this issue is our thickestyet, surpassing the previous record of 422 pages

held by AP 5. The present volume’s heft is due, inpart, to the longest article we have ever published,Bruce Owen’s analysis of ceramics from the Berin-ga site. At 89 pages this bests the previous recordfor loquacity set at 61 pages by two of the editorsin Andean Past 2. Although Spooner andMcEwan’s discovery of a probable pre-Hispanic“inexhaustible” vessel is an admirably brief ninepages, it does not shatter our record for compactprose. That is held by Board Member RichardBurger and colleagues with their five-page articlealso in Andean Past 2. The variation in the size ofthese contributions signals potential authors thatwe are flexible in the matter of length. To borrowsome business jargon, we like to “right-size” contri-butions.

As always, Andean Past is a collaborativeventure. In addition to thanking fellow editorsDaniel H. Sandweiss and David Fleming, and ourBoard, I would like to acknowledge the help inchecking references provided by Chief AliceHudson and her staff in the Map Division of theNew York Public Library Humanities and SocialSciences Research Center. Treva Levine of Cor-nell’s Latin American Studies Program has beenessential to the production and distribution of thisvolume.

As this volume goes to press, Andean Past 9 isin preparation. That volume will clear a backlog ofaccepted papers that has plagued us for severalyears. In future we should be able to publish moreexpeditiously. To create strong volumes we needthe continuing active participation of Andeanistscholars. Dan Sandweiss and I are always happy toconsider new work for publication. We hope tohear from many of you.

MONICA BARNESin the City of New York

7 April 2007