Draft EIA Report for Proposed Onshore Oil and Gas ...

Draft EIA Report for Proposed Onshore Oil and Gas Exploration and Appraisal in RJ-ONHP-2017/1 Block, Barmer District, Rajasthan

Vedanta Limited. (Division Cairn Oil & Gas) July 2019

Quality information

Prepared/Compiled by Checked by Verified by Approved by

Swagata Mukherjee

Consultant III

Souvik Basu

Sr. Consultant

Avijit Sarkar

Associate Director

Chetan Zaveri

Executive Director

Revision History

Revision Revision date Details Authorized Name Position

01 12.07.2019 Draft EIA Study: Onshore Oil and Gas Exploration and Appraisal in RJ-ONHP-2017/1 Block, Barmer District, Rajasthan

Chetan Zaveri Executive Director

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Prepared for:

Vedanta Limited

(Division Cairn Oil & Gas)

DLF Atria, Phase 2, Jacaranda Marg,

DLF City, Gurgaon 122002

Prepared by:

AECOM India Private Limited

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Tower C, Cyber City

Gurgaon 122002

Haryana, India

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Table of Contents

Executive Summery ........................................................................................................................................... EX1

1. Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 1

1.1 Background .................................................................................................................................................. 1

1.2 Objective of the EIA Study ........................................................................................................................... 1

1.3 Project Status .............................................................................................................................................. 1

1.4 Brief Details of The Project .......................................................................................................................... 2

1.5 Scope of The Study ..................................................................................................................................... 2

1.6 Structure of the EIA Report .......................................................................................................................... 2

1.7 Compliance to TOR ..................................................................................................................................... 3

1.8 Limitations .................................................................................................................................................... 6

2. Description of the Project ............................................................................................................................. 7

2.1 Objectives of Proposed Project .................................................................................................................... 7

2.2 Benefits of the Proposed Project.................................................................................................................. 7

2.3 Block Location & Description ....................................................................................................................... 7

2.3.1 Location of Block.......................................................................................................................................... 7

2.3.2 Accessibility ............................................................................................................................................... 12

2.4 Environmental Settings .............................................................................................................................. 14

2.4.1 RJ-ONHP-2017/1 Block ............................................................................................................................. 14

2.4.2 Location of Wells ........................................................................................................................................ 14

2.5 Well Drilling Process .................................................................................................................................. 17

2.5.1 Pre-drilling Activity...................................................................................................................................... 17

2.5.2 Site Selection ............................................................................................................................................. 17

2.5.3 Land Procurement ..................................................................................................................................... 17

2.5.4 Drilling Activity ............................................................................................................................................ 21

2.5.5 Drilling Operation ....................................................................................................................................... 21

2.5.6 Mud System and Cuttings .......................................................................................................................... 22

2.5.7 Cementing ................................................................................................................................................. 24

2.5.8 Well Evaluation .......................................................................................................................................... 24

2.5.9 Hydraulic Fracturing – for Tight Rock Reservoirs of Hydrocarbons ........................................................... 24

2.5.10 Well kick situation & Control measures ...................................................................................................... 25

2.5.11 Well Testing & Flaring ................................................................................................................................ 26

2.6 Early Production......................................................................................................................................... 26

2.6.1 Drilling of Appraisal wells ........................................................................................................................... 27

2.6.2 Early Production Units (EPUs)/ Quick Production units (QPUs): ............................................................... 27

2.7 Completion of Drilling ................................................................................................................................. 30

2.8 Well Decommissioning ............................................................................................................................... 30

2.9 Utilities & Resource Requirements, Associated Facilities .......................................................................... 30

2.9.1 Liquid Mud Plant (LMP) ............................................................................................................................. 30

2.9.2 Accommodation & Camp Site .................................................................................................................... 30

2.9.3 Approach and Internal Roads .................................................................................................................... 31

2.9.4 Water Storage Pit ....................................................................................................................................... 31

2.9.5 Chemical Storage Area .............................................................................................................................. 31

2.9.6 Spent Drilling Fluid Disposal Pits ............................................................................................................... 31

2.9.7 Drill Cutting Disposal (impervious lined) Pit ............................................................................................... 31

2.9.8 Flare Pit (well testing) ................................................................................................................................ 31

2.9.9 Flare Stack ................................................................................................................................................. 32

2.9.10 Diesel Storage Tank ................................................................................................................................... 32

2.9.11 Waste Storage ........................................................................................................................................... 32

2.9.12 Storm Water Drainage System .................................................................................................................. 32

2.9.13 Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) ................................................................................................................. 32

2.9.14 Raw Material Requirement ........................................................................................................................ 32

2.9.15 Fuel Consumption ...................................................................................................................................... 35

2.9.16 Manpower / Employment ........................................................................................................................... 35

2.9.17 Drilling Hazards.......................................................................................................................................... 35

2.9.18 Pollution Sources and Characterization ..................................................................................................... 36

2.9.19 Pollution Prevention Control Measures at Design Stage ........................................................................... 38

2.10 Project Cost ............................................................................................................................................... 39

3. Description of the Environment .................................................................................................................. 40

3.1 Study area ................................................................................................................................................. 40

3.2 Physiography and Geology ........................................................................................................................ 40

3.2.1 Physiography ............................................................................................................................................. 40

3.2.2 Geology ..................................................................................................................................................... 40

3.3 Hydrogeology ............................................................................................................................................. 43

3.4 Topography ................................................................................................................................................ 46

3.5 Drainage .................................................................................................................................................... 49

3.6 Vulnerability of the Site .............................................................................................................................. 50

3.7 Land use/Land Cover ................................................................................................................................. 53

3.8 Climate & Meteorology ............................................................................................................................... 55

3.8.1 Temperature ............................................................................................................................................... 55

3.8.2 Relative Humidity ....................................................................................................................................... 56

3.8.3 Rainfall ....................................................................................................................................................... 56

3.8.4 Wind Speed and Wind Direction ................................................................................................................ 56

3.8.5 Micrometeorological Parameters ............................................................................................................... 57

3.9 Ambient Air Quality .................................................................................................................................... 58

3.10 Ambient Noise Level .................................................................................................................................. 66

3.11 Ground Water Quality ................................................................................................................................ 69

3.12 Surface Water Quality ................................................................................................................................ 76

3.13 Soil Quality ................................................................................................................................................. 76

3.13.1 Soil type and characteristics: ..................................................................................................................... 76

3.14 Traffic Survey ............................................................................................................................................. 82

3.15 Ecological Environment ............................................................................................................................. 92

3.16 Socioeconomic Environment ................................................................................................................... 101

3.16.1 Methodology for Socio-economic Study ................................................................................................... 103

3.16.2 Socio-economic profile of Study Area ...................................................................................................... 103

3.16.3 Social Infrastructure ................................................................................................................................. 106

3.16.5 Stakeholder Consultation ......................................................................................................................... 107

4. Anticipated Environmental Impact and Mitigation Measures .................................................................... 110

4.1 Impact Assessment Methodology ............................................................................................................ 110

4.2 Impact Criteria and Ranking .................................................................................................................... 110

4.3 Impact Significance .................................................................................................................................. 111

4.4 Impact Assessment .................................................................................................................................. 116

4.5 Potential Impact and Mitigation Measures on Visual Environment & Aesthetics ...................................... 116

4.6 Potential Impact and Mitigation Measures on Land Use .......................................................................... 116

4.7 Potential impact and Mitigation Measures on Topography & Drainage .................................................... 117

4.8 Potential Impact and Mitigation Measures on Air Quality ......................................................................... 117

4.9 Potential Impact and Mitigation Measures on Noise Quality .................................................................... 126

4.10 Potential Impact and Mitigation Measures on Surface Water Quality ...................................................... 130

4.11 Potential Impact and Mitigation Measures on Ground Water Resource ................................................... 131

4.12 Potential Impact and Mitigation Measures on Soil Quality ....................................................................... 131

4.13 Potential Impact and Mitigation Measures on Road & Traffic ................................................................... 133

4.14 Potential Impact and mitigation Measures on Terrestrial Ecological Environment ................................... 133

4.15 Potential Impact and Mitigation Measures on Socioeconomic Environment ............................................ 134

4.16 Potential Impact and Mitigation Measures on Occupational Health and Safety ....................................... 135

4.17 Potential Impact and mitigation Measures on Community Health & Safety ............................................. 137

5. Analysis of Alternative .............................................................................................................................. 141

5.1 No Project Scenario ................................................................................................................................. 141

5.2 Alternatives for Project Site ...................................................................................................................... 141

5.3 Alternatives for Well Location................................................................................................................... 141

5.4 Alternative of Technology ......................................................................................................................... 141

5.5 Use of Water and Synthetic Mud ............................................................................................................. 142

5.6 Conclusion ............................................................................................................................................... 142

6. Environmental Monitoring Programme ..................................................................................................... 144

6.1 Object of Monitoring ................................................................................................................................. 144

6.2 Monitoring Schedule ................................................................................................................................ 144

7. ADDITIONAL STUDIES ........................................................................................................................... 146

7.1 Public Hearing and Consultation .............................................................................................................. 146

7.2 Risk Assessment...................................................................................................................................... 146

7.2.1 Quantitative Risk Assessment ................................................................................................................. 146

7.2.2 Hazard Identification ................................................................................................................................ 147

7.2.3 Hydrocarbon Release .............................................................................................................................. 148

7.2.4 Release of the other flammable material ................................................................................................. 149

7.2.5 CONSEQUENCE ANALYSIS/CALCULATIONS ....................................................................................... 150

7.2.6 Failure Frequency Analysis ...................................................................................................................... 153

7.2.7 Calculation of Individual & Societal Risk .................................................................................................. 153

7.2.8 Comparison to Risk Acceptance Criteria .................................................................................................. 153

7.2.9 ALARP Demonstration ............................................................................................................................. 156

7.2.10 Risk Reduction Recommendations .......................................................................................................... 156

7.2.11 Software Used ......................................................................................................................................... 157

7.2.12 Population ................................................................................................................................................ 157

7.2.13 Hazard Identification (HAZID), Consequence Analysis and Risk Results for the Project ......................... 157

7.2.14 Shortlisting of Release Scenarios ............................................................................................................ 157

7.2.15 Consequence Analysis Results ................................................................................................................ 157

7.2.16 Risk Calculation ....................................................................................................................................... 161

7.2.17 Population ................................................................................................................................................ 161

7.2.18 FN Curve ................................................................................................................................................. 162

7.2.19 Location Specific Individual Risk (LSIR) .................................................................................................. 162

7.2.20 Individual Specific Individual Risk (ISIR) .................................................................................................. 163

7.2.21 Risk Reduction Measures ........................................................................................................................ 164

7.3 Disaster Management Plan ...................................................................................................................... 168

7.3.1 Objective of DMP ..................................................................................................................................... 168

7.3.2 Emergency Identified ............................................................................................................................... 168

7.3.3 Emergency Classification - Tiers of Emergency Response ...................................................................... 169

7.3.4 On-site Emergency Response Plan ......................................................................................................... 171

7.3.5 Responsibilities of the Individual Response Organisations ...................................................................... 171

7.3.6 Emergency Response Strategies / Evacuation Plan ................................................................................ 173

7.3.7 Training and Emergency Response Drills ................................................................................................ 176

7.3.8 Performance Measures ............................................................................................................................ 177

7.3.9 Monitoring, Evaluation and Review .......................................................................................................... 177

7.3.10 Preventive and Mitigation Measures for Well Blow out ............................................................................ 177

7.3.11 Instrumentation in Mud System................................................................................................................ 178

7.3.12 Preventive Measures for Handling Natural Gas ....................................................................................... 178

7.3.13 Leakage of H2S Gas ................................................................................................................................ 178

7.3.14 Preventing Fire and Explosion Hazards ................................................................................................... 179

7.3.15 Off-site Emergency Plan .......................................................................................................................... 179

7.3.16 General Health and Safety ....................................................................................................................... 180

7.3.17 Personal Protective Equipment ................................................................................................................ 181

7.3.18 First Aid .................................................................................................................................................... 181

7.3.19 Disaster Management Plan for Natural Hazard ....................................................................................... 182

8. PROJECT BENEEFITS ........................................................................................................................... 183

8.1 Revenue Earning of Central & State Government ................................................................................... 183

8.2 Employment Potential .............................................................................................................................. 183

8.3 Corporate Social Responsibility ............................................................................................................... 183

8.4 Proposed CER(Corporate Environmental Responsibilities) Strategy ...................................................... 183

9. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ........................................................................................... 184

9.1 Organization Structure for HSE Management .......................................................................................... 184

9.2 Air Quality Management Plan: ................................................................................................................. 186

9.3 Waste Management Plan ......................................................................................................................... 187

9.4 Soil Quality Management Plan ................................................................................................................. 188

9.5 Spill / Release Management Plan ............................................................................................................ 188

9.6 Noise quality Management Plan .............................................................................................................. 190

9.7 Surface Water Quality Management ........................................................................................................ 191

9.8 Ground Water Quality Management Plan ................................................................................................ 191

9.9 Storm Water Management Plan ............................................................................................................... 192

9.10 Road Safety & Traffic Management Plan ................................................................................................. 192

9.11 Occupational Health & Safety Management Plan .................................................................................... 192

9.12 Flare & Illumination Management Plan .................................................................................................... 193

9.13 Site Closure Plan ..................................................................................................................................... 193

9.14 EMP BUDGET ......................................................................................................................................... 198

9.15 Corporate Environment Responsibility ..................................................................................................... 199

10. Conclusion and Recommendation ........................................................................................................... 200

11. Disclosure of Consultants ........................................................................................................................ 201

Figures

Figure 1. Coordinates of RJ-ONHP-2017/1 ............................................................................................................ 8 Figure 2. Regional Settings of RJ-ONHP-2017/1 ................................................................................................... 9 Figure 3. Block boundary of RJ-ONHP-2017/1 on SOI Toposheet ....................................................................... 10 Figure 4. Boundary of Block RJ-ONHP-2017/1 Block on Satellite Imagery .......................................................... 11 Figure 5. Accessibility Map of RJ-ONHP-20171 Block ......................................................................................... 13 Figure 6. Proposed Environmental Settings Map of the Block ............................................................................. 16 Figure 7. TYPICAL LAYOUT OF DRILLING PAD WITH QPU .............................................................................. 19 Figure 8. Schematic Diagram of A typical Well Pad ............................................................................................. 20 Figure 9. Typical Drilling Rig Configuration .......................................................................................................... 21 Figure 10. Typical Model Onshore Drilling Process .............................................................................................. 22 Figure 11. A Typical View of Drill Cuttings Separation & Treatment System ......................................................... 23 Figure 12. Typical view of Drill Cuttings Separation & Treatment System ............................................................ 24 Figure 13. Blow Out Preventer ............................................................................................................................. 26 Figure 14. Typical View of Camp Site................................................................................................................... 31 Figure 15. Water Balance for Drilling Phase of the Oil and Gas Exploration ........................................................ 35 Figure 16. Geology and Geomorphological Maps of Barmer District ................................................................... 42 Figure 17. Depth to Water level (Pre Monsson- May 2011) .................................................................................. 43 Figure 18. Depth to Water level (Post Monsson- Nov 2011) ................................................................................ 44 Figure 19. Figure 20. Hydrogeological map of Barmer District ............................................................................ 45 Figure 20. Elevation map of the block .................................................................................................................. 47 Figure 21. Topographical Map and Rainfall Distribution Map ................................................................................ 48 Figure 22. Drainage Map of the Block .................................................................................................................. 50 Figure 23. Seismic zone map ............................................................................................................................... 51 Figure 24. Flood zone map .................................................................................................................................. 52 Figure 25. Draught Frequency Map of Rajasthan ................................................................................................. 53

Figure 26. Land Use/Land cover Map of the Block .............................................................................................. 54 Figure 27. Land use coverage in the Block ........................................................................................................... 55 Figure 28. . Annual Windrose of Barmer .............................................................................................................. 56 Figure 29. Windrose Nagar(MET station) ............................................................................................................. 58 Figure 30. Map showing AAQ, Noise Level and Traffic Monitoring Locations in the Study Area ........................... 60 Figure 31: Average PM10 Values at the Monitoring Locations ............................................................................... 63 Figure 32: Average PM2.5 Values at the Monitoring Locations ............................................................................... 63 Figure 33 Average NO2 Values at the Monitoring Locations ................................................................................. 64 Figure 34 Average SO2 Values at the Monitoring Locations ................................................................................. 64 Figure 35. Map showing Groundwater and Soil Sampling Locations ................................................................... 71 Figure 36: Traffic Profile at T1 ............................................................................................................................... 83 Figure 37: Traffic Profile at T2 ............................................................................................................................... 83 Figure 38: Traffic Profile at T3 ............................................................................................................................... 83 Figure 39:Traffic Profile at T4 ................................................................................................................................ 84 Figure 40: Peak Hour Traffic Composition (Vehicular) at T1- Weekday ................................................................ 85 Figure 41: Peak Hour Traffic Composition (Vehicular) at T2- Weekday ................................................................ 85 Figure 42:Peak Hour Traffic Composition (Vehicular) at T3- Weekday ................................................................. 86 Figure 43: Peak Hour Traffic Composition (Vehicular) at T4- Weekday ................................................................ 86 Figure 44: Total Traffic Composition (Vehicular) at T1- Weekday .......................................................................... 87 Figure 45: Total Traffic Composition (Vehicular) at T2- Weekday .......................................................................... 88 Figure 46: Total Traffic Composition (Vehicular) at T3- Weekday .......................................................................... 88 Figure 47: Total Traffic Composition (Vehicular) at T4- Weekday .......................................................................... 88 Figure 48: Peak Hour Traffic Composition (Vehicular) at T1- Weekend ................................................................ 89 Figure 49: Peak Hour Traffic Composition (Vehicular) at T2- Weekend ................................................................ 90 Figure 50: Peak Hour Traffic Composition (Vehicular) at T3- Weekend ................................................................ 90 Figure 51: Peak Hour Traffic Composition (Vehicular) at T4- Weekend ................................................................ 90 Figure 52: Total Traffic Composition (Vehicular) at T1- Weekend .......................................................................... 91 Figure 53: Total Traffic Composition (Vehicular) at T2- Weekend .......................................................................... 92 Figure 54: Total Traffic Composition (Vehicular) at T3- Weekend .......................................................................... 92 Figure 55: Total Traffic Composition (Vehicular) at T4- Weekend .......................................................................... 92 Figure 56. Biodiversity Survey Location Map ....................................................................................................... 95 Figure 57. 24 HOURLY GLCs OF SO2 During Exploration and Drilling stages ................................................. 121 Figure 58. 24 HOURLY GLCs OF NO2 During Exploration and Drilling stages ................................................. 122 Figure 59:24 HOURLY GLCs OF PM10 During Exploration and Drilling stage ...................................................... 123 Figure 60: 24 HOURLY GLCs OF SO2 During the Early production Stage......................................................... 124 Figure 61: 24 HOURLY GLCs OF NO2 During the Early production Stage .......................................................... 125 Figure 62. Predicted Noise Level ....................................................................................................................... 130 Figure 63. Risk Assessment ............................................................................................................................... 147 Figure 64. UK HSE-Individual Risk Criteria ........................................................................................................ 155 Figure 65. UK HSE-Offsite Group Risk Criteria .................................................................................................. 156 Figure 66. FN Curve ........................................................................................................................................... 162 Figure 67. Overall ISO Risk Contour .................................................................................................................. 163 Figure 66. Jet fire Results (1.5/F) – IS-01 -25 mm Leak Size ............................................................................ 166 Figure 69. Flash Fire Result (1.5/F-IS-01-255 mm Leak Size) ........................................................................... 166 Figure 70. Flash Fire Results (%/D0-IS-06-25 mm Leak Size ............................................................................ 167 Figure 71. Pool fire Results (5/D) – IS-06 -25 mm Leak Size ............................................................................. 167 Figure 72. Jet fire Results (5/D) – IS-06 -25 mm Leak Size ............................................................................... 168 Figure 73. Vendanta Limited (Division: Cairn Oil and Gas) HSE organizational structure for implementation of Figure 74. QCI-NABET Certificate ..................................................................................................................... 203

Tables

Table 1.2 ToR Compliance ..................................................................................................................................... 3 Table 2.1 Details of Proposed Well Location ........................................................................................................ 14 Table 2.2 Specification of a Drilling Rig ................................................................................................................ 21 Table 2.3 Details of DG Sets of Onshore Drilling Activity ..................................................................................... 33 Table 2.4 Water Requirement ................................................................................................................................ 34 Table 2.5 Typical Noise Emissions from Construction Machinery ........................................................................ 36 Table 2.6 Drilling Rig and Equipment Noise Level................................................................................................ 36

Table 2.7 Waste Water Generated During Drilling and their Disposal .................................................................. 37 Table 2.8 Waste Water Generated during and Mode of Disposal ......................................................................... 37 Table 3.1 Land Use of the Block ........................................................................................................................... 54 Table 3.2 Climatology profile of Barmer ............................................................................................................... 56 Table 12. Climatological profile of the study area ................................................................................................. 57 Table 3.5 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations ............................................................................................. 59 Table 3.6 Summery of Air Quality Monitoring Result ............................................................................................ 61 Table 3.7 Ambient Noise Level Monitoring Locations ........................................................................................... 67 Table 3.8 Noise level in the Study Area ................................................................................................................ 67 Table 3.9 Groundwater Sampling Locations ......................................................................................................... 70 Table 3.10 Groundwater Quality Results ............................................................................................................... 72 Table 3.13 Soil Sampling Locations ..................................................................................................................... 76 Table 3.14 - Soil Quality Results ........................................................................................................................... 78 Table 3.15 Soil Remediation Intervention Values as per Dutch Standards ............................................................ 80 Table 3.16 Standard Soil Classification ................................................................................................................ 80 Table 3.17 Adopted Passenger Car Units ............................................................................................................ 82 Table 3.18 Traffic Survey Locations ...................................................................................................................... 82 Table 3.19- Peak Hour Traffic Composition ........................................................................................................... 84 Table 3.20- Total Traffic Composition ................................................................................................................... 86 Table 3.21- Classified Volume Count at Traffic survey locations ......................................................................... 86 Table 3.22- Peak Hour Traffic Composition .......................................................................................................... 88 Table 3.23- Total Traffic Composition ................................................................................................................... 90 Table 3.24 Classified Volume Count at Traffic survey locations ........................................................................... 91 Table 3.25 Details of Biodiversity Sampling Sites................................................................................................. 93 Table 3.26 Floristic Species recorded in Study Area ............................................................................................ 96 Table 3.27 Biodiversity Indices .............................................................................................................................. 97 Table 3.28 RET Flora of the Study Area ............................................................................................................... 99 Table 3.29 RET Fauna of the Study Area ............................................................................................................. 99 Table 3.30 Admirative Setting of Proposed Well Location .................................................................................. 101 Table 3.31 Villages With 2.5 km of Proposed Well Location ............................................................................... 102 Table 4.1 Impact Prediction Criteria ................................................................................................................... 110 Table 4.2 Criteria Based Significance of Impacts ................................................................................................ 111 Table 4.3. Impact Identification Matrix ................................................................................................................. 113 Table 4.4 Input Parameter Considered for Modelling of DG Set ....................................................................... 119 Table 4.5. Resultant Consideration for PM10, NO2 and SO2 ............................................................................. 119 Table 4.6 : Input Parameters Considered for Dispersion Modelling ..................................................................... 120 Table 4.7 Input Data for Noise Modelling ........................................................................................................... 128 Table 4.8 Predicted Noise Levels ....................................................................................................................... 128 Table 4.9 Attenuated Noise Level ....................................................................................................................... 129 Table 4.9 Impact Significance Matrix (with mitigation) ........................................................................................ 138 Table 5.1 Ranks/Comparison of Different Types of Mud ..................................................................................... 142 Table 6.1 Proposed Environmental Monitoring Program ..................................................................................... 144 Table 13. Identification the Accident Event in Oil Well Drilling Activity ................................................................ 148 Table 7.2 . Pasquill Stability Class....................................................................................................................... 151 Table 7.3 Representative Weather Class 5D and 1.F ........................................................................................ 152 Table 7.4 Overpressure Criteria .......................................................................................................................... 153 Table 7.5 Population ........................................................................................................................................... 157 Table 7.6 : Pool Fire Results ............................................................................................................................... 158 Table 7.7 Flash Fire Result ................................................................................................................................ 159 Table 7.8 Fireball Result ..................................................................................................................................... 161 Table 7.9. Population .......................................................................................................................................... 162 Table 7.22 Total ISIR Operations/Maintenance Staff .......................................................................................... 163 Table 7.11 Total ISIR Non-Operation/ Maintenance Staff ................................................................................... 163 Table 7.12 Emergency Classification & Response Team ................................................................................... 170 Table 9.1 Environmental Management Plan ....................................................................................................... 195 Table 9.2 Tentative Budget for EMP Implementation for Each Well .................................................................. 198 Table 11.1 EIA Team........................................................................................................................................... 201

Vedanta Limited (Division Cairn Oil & Gas) DRAFT EIA: Onshore Oil and Gas E&A in RJ-ONHP- 2017/1 Block, Barmer District, Rajasthan

July,2019 AECOM

EX 1

Executive Summary

Introduction

Vedanta Ltd. (Division Cairn Oil & Gas) has been allocated hydro-carbon Block namely RJ-ONHP-2017/1 by

Government of India under the Revenue Sharing Contract (RSC) for exploration and exploitation of hydrocarbon.

A Revenue Sharing Contract (RSC) was signed between the Government of India (GoI) and Vedanta Ltd on 1st

October 2018. Vedanta Limited (Cairn Oil and Gas) is currently contributing to more than 20 per cent of India’s

current crude oil production. Block encloses an area of 542 Sq. Km.

Vedanta Limited (Division Cairn Oil and Gas) proposes to carry out exploration and appraisal well drilling and early

production of oil and gas in the Block. In case of a discovery (ies), the exploratory and appraisal well(s) would be

tested for extended duration by flowing hydrocarbons to ascertain the reservoir parameters and assess the quality

and commercial viability. The exploratory and appraisal wells would be drilled to explore the reservoirs in the range

of 1750m to 5000m.

The proposed exploratory and appraisal drilling activities fall under category 1(b) of the EIA Notification, 2006 and

require Environmental Clearance (EC) from the Ministry of Environment and Forests and climate change

(MoEF&CC). The Terms of Reference for the Project have been approved by MoEF vide letter F. No ToR IA-J-

11011/80/2019-IA-II(I) dated 14th April 2019

AECOM India Private Limited, a NABET-QCI Accredited firm has been entrusted to conduct the Environmental

Impact Assessment (EIA) for the proposed Block RJ-ONHP-2017/1. The EIA study comprised of initial scoping, site

visits, environmental monitoring and surveys, conduct of Public Hearing (PH) and the preparation of draft and final

EIA-EMP reports.

Block location and Accessibility

RJ-ONHP-2017/1 block is located in Barmer districts of Rajasthan. Total area of RJ-ONHP-2017/1 block is 542

sq. km. The nearest cities from the block are Barmer(32 km-in NNW direction) which are well connected through

state highway. NH-15 & SH-28 are passing through the block.

Land Requirement

During the site selection process, all legal requirements would be considered and surface location of the exploratory

well would be finalized. Once surface drilling location is finalized, short term lease of the land would be taken from

concerned owners. If well location falls in agricultural lands or other private lands, land and crop compensation

would be provided to the land owner, and in case of govt. land, land allotment from Govt. to be applied. Initially

temporary short-term lease would be taken for 3 - 5 years for exploration purpose and in case of commercially

viable discovery of hydrocarbon resources; the land lease would be converted into long term lease up to life of the

project. The estimated land required per drill site is approximately 9ha. No forest land would be used for drilling

purpose, so forest clearance is not applicable for the Block.

Description of the project

The project includes proposed drilling of 29 onshore exploratory and appraisal wells and Setting up of Early

Production Units (EPUs)/ Quick Production Units (QPUs) for produced well fluid processing and production of up

to 12000 BOPD crude oil and associated natural gas 1.8 MMSCFD associated natural gas in RJ-ONHP-2017/1

Block located in Barmer district of Rajasthan. Block Location on SOI Toposheet is presented below.


July,2019 AECOM

EX 2

Drill Site Preparation

Drill Site Selection –

An initial assessment of the exploratory well site would be carried out through analysis of satellite imageries. Field

surveys would be carried out to earmark the drill site location maintaining maximum possible distance from any

settlement and sensitive receptors. Ease of accessibility to the site would also be considered.

Site Preparation –

Detailed site surveys would be carried, and the boundary of the drill site earmarked. Site leveling, and excavation

works would be carried out for site preparation. Individual sites would be duly fenced to a height of about 2 m using

jingled wired fencing or Expm fencing. New approach roads to drill sites would be constructed or existing village

roads would be strengthened to provide access for the drilling equipment and machinery. If the earmarked site has

vegetation cover, clearance of vegetation is the first activity that would be undertaken during drill site construction.

Following this, the preparation and construction of drill site would involve top soil scraping and storage for future

use, elevating the drill platform by excavated material from the drill site and authorized quarry area. Reinforced

Cement Concrete (RCC) would be used for the construction of foundation system. For making foundations of the

main rig structure, cast in-situ bored under- reamed piles of specified lengths would also be used.

Rig Mobilization - After completion of the construction activities and with the provision of the basic facilities, drill

rig would be transported to the site. The drill equipments are designed as standard land rig or a “Mobile Land Rig”

type, which facilitates quick mobilization and demobilization. Rig essentially comprises of a Drilling mud system,

Effluent Treatment Plant (ETP), Cuttings disposal, Drill Cementing equipment along with utilities to supply power

(DG sets), water and fuel (HSD).

Drilling Operation

A rig would be installed at the potential site of drilling after thorough inspection for its working capability and quality

standards. Well spudding shall be the start of drilling activity. Wells would be drilled in sections, with the diameter

of each section decreasing with increasing depth. Before commencing the actual drilling, large diameter pipe

(Conductor) would be lowered into a hole and cemented/grouted. Top-hole section would be drilled to a desired

depth based on well design. After drilling top-hole section, it would be cased with a pipe called “Casing”. Once each

section of the well is completed, the drill string is lifted, and protective steel pipe or casing lowered into the well and


July,2019 AECOM

EX 3

cemented into place. The lengths and diameters of each section of the well would be determined prior to the starting

of the drilling activities and are dependent on the geological conditions through which the well is to be drilled. This

process of drilling and casing the hole section continues until the final well depth (target) is achieved.

Drill cuttings generated from the drilling activity, would be collected and separated using a solid control system and

temporarily stored on-site in HDPE lined pits. Drilling and wash wastewater generated would also be stored at an

onsite HDPE lined pit. The water would be adequately treated in a mobile ETP to ensure conformance to the S No.

72 A (ii) Schedule I - Standards for Emission or Discharge of Environmental Pollutants from Oil Drilling and Gas

Extraction Industry of CPCB.

Hydraulic Fracturing Activity-

Hydraulic fracking may be conducted in wells with low permeability formation and the wells with low pressure.

Fracking fluid would typically be 99% water and sand (or other granulated material) and approximately 1% gelled

chemicals that would be pumped at a high rate (in excess of 20 bpm) and high pressure (up to 5000 psi) to fracture

the formation and improve the well deliverability. Sites for the wells with more than 2 fracs per well (multi-stage

fracturing) would have provision of additional space for water storage for better continuity of operations.

Well Testing & Flaring-

During the exploration and appraisal drilling, where a hydrocarbon formation is found, initial well tests (generally

about one month of duration) would be carried out to establish flow rates, formation pressure and other parameters.

However, depending on the need, based on nature of the reservoirs, the exploratory and appraisal wells would be

tested for longer/extended durations to ascertain the reservoir parameters.

Associated Facilities –

Each drill site would be provided with facilities such as drilling rig foundation and cellar pit, waste and water storage

pits, chemical storage area including fuel storages, drill cutting disposal pit, flare pit and mobile STPs. The drill

cutting and spent mud disposal pits would be provided with a HDPE lining for temporary storage. Adequate

drainage and wastewater conveyance system also would be installed.

Liquid Mud Plant (LMP)-

The Liquid Mud Plant (LMP) shall be located at suitable locations of the fields to prepare synthetic/ water-based

mud for the drilling operations.

Appraisal –

When, exploratory drilling is successful, more wells (termed as Appraisal wells) would be drilled to determine the

size and the extent of the field. The technical procedures and activities in appraisal drilling would be the same as

those employed for exploration wells Deviated or directional drilling at an angle from a site adjacent to the original

discovery well may be used to appraise other parts of the reservoir

Quick Production Unit (QPU) –

In case of commercially viable discovery, QPUs would be installed for the processing of produced well fluid

processing and early production of up to 12000 BOPD crude oil and up to 1.8 MMSCFD associated natural gas. A

QPU would be a packaged/ modular mobile unit and would mainly consists of a three-phase separator & production

heater or heater-treater, oil storage tanks, oil tanker loading system, produced water (PW) separation and disposal

system, power generation (GEG or DG), utility systems such as fuel gas, flare & Inst. Air packages, firefighting

equipment, etc. Each QPU capacity would be ~2,000 BFPD (Barrels of Fluid per Day).

Accommodation and Camp Site:

Temporary camp site (porta cabin) for the drilling of exploratory (including) appraisal wells are envisaged, which

would be dismantled after drilling of the wells. At any point of time, it is anticipated that about 50 personnel per shift

would be housed in the campsite during the well drilling campaign.

Well decommissioning

After the completion of the drilling activity, partial de-mobilization of the drilling rig and associated infrastructure

would be initiated. As discussed earlier, well testing may be carried out immediately after the drilling is completed.

The complete de-mobilization of the facilities at site would happen once well-testing completed successfully. in

case of commercially viable discovery (s) of hydrocarbons in the Block and having established the size of the

hydrocarbon field (s), proposes to immediately bring the field (s) into production using one or more of the appraisal


July,2019 AECOM

EX 4

wells for the production of crude oil by setting up of QPU (Quick Production Unit). All other equipment, materials,

fuel and wastes would be removed from the drilling site and reused for other drilling activities or disposed as per

the applicable regulatory requirements.

If hydrocarbons are not found, a full abandonment plan would be implemented. All concrete or steel installations

would be removed to at least 1m below ground level, to ensure that there would be no protruding surface structures.

All waste at the site would be removed and the pits would be closed. The drill sites and associated sites (for camps

and liquid mud plant) would be restored to its original conditions or as required by the landowner.

Utilities and Resource Requirement

Water – Total of 102 m3 per day fresh water would be required per well. From the total water, 22 m3/day water

would be used for mud preparations, 50 m3/day would be required for drilling activities and 30 m3/day freshwater

would be used for domestic purposes including drinking, washings and domestic use. In case, required water could

not be sourced from locally available approved sources, ground water would be extracted after obtaining

permission from CGWA/ State Govt.

During early production, the installation of typical EPU/QPU unit water requirement for process, domestic

consumption, greenbelt and miscellaneous use would be15-18 m3/day.

Power – For drilling operations, the power would be provided through diesel generator (DG) sets (Camp site -

2x350 KVA (including one as standby), Drilling site - 3x1000 KVA (including one as standby) and Radio Room -

2x100 KVA (including one as standby).

For early production power requirement would be met through the State Electricity and or installation of Diesel/Gas

Engine Generator (GEG) of 1 MW output using produced natural gas and a 500 KVA DG would be used as backup

in emergency conditions.

For early production power requirement will be met through the State Electricity and or installation of Diesel/Gas

Engine Generator (GEG) of 1 MW output using produced natural gas and a 500 KVA DG will be used as backup

in emergency conditions.

Labour– It is anticipated that, at any given time, there would be about 80 - 100 personnel working on site including

technical staff, drilling crew, security staff etc.

Project Cost

The cost of the project has been estimated to be about INR 790 Crores.

Pollution Sources

Air emissions: Point source air emissions would be generated from DG sets. Fugitive emissions would occur from

vehicles involved in the drilling operations and from windblown dust from storage and staging areas within the drill

site.

Noise & Vibrations: Noise and vibration would be generated due to operation of drilling rig, DG sets and vehicles.

Liquid wastes: During the drilling phase, approximately 30-40 m3 per day of waste water would be generated from

the drilling activity and 16-25 m3 per day of domestic waste water would be generated from each drill site.

Drill cuttings & spent mud: Approximately 500-1500 Tons/well of drill cuttings from WBM, 250-500 Tons/well of

drill cuttings from SBM and 250-500 Tons/well of spent mud would be generated per site.

Existing Baseline Environment of the Project Area

Baseline information about the Block was collated by review of other published literature, site surveys, stakeholder

interactions and primary monitoring carried out during the period of March-May 2019 by EFRAC Laboratory (NABL

Accredited Laboratory).

Sub-surface Geology-

The Block is situated in Barmer district. Barmer district is underlain by intrusive rocks at the basement (Post Delhi

formation) consisting of Jalore and Siwana granite & Malani rhyolite and granite followed by Mesozoic and Tertiary

formations consisting of sandstone, shale, conglomerate. Rocks of Mesozoic era are comprised of Lathi series of

Jurassic and Abur series of Cretaceous period. Most part of the district is covered by desert sand and sand dunes.


July,2019 AECOM

EX 5

Hydrology - No rivers that passes through the Block. In Barmer district, the only major drainage course in the area

is Luni River, which flows from Samdari, passing through Balotra. The river is ephemeral, flowing only in response

to heavy precipitation. In the year of drought there is no run off.

Hydrogeology and Groundwater Quality – Barmer district, the main water bearing formations in the district are

rhyolites and granites of post Delhi; Lathi sandstone, Tertiary sandstone and Quaternary alluvium. In Quaternary

alluvium, ground water occurs under semi confined to unconfined conditions. In semi consolidated Tertiary and

Mesozoic formations, it occurs under unconfined to confined conditions and in weathered and fractured zones in

hard rocks under phreatic conditions. Though ground water occurs in all the formations, but the most productive

aquifers are the Lathi sandstone, Barmer sandstone and Quaternary sediments. The Tertiary formation, which is

predominantly clayey and argillaceous, is not found as productive except locally in the sandstone horizon. In

general, the fractured and weathered zones in hard rocks form poor aquifers.

As reported by CGWB, in Barmer, during pre-monsoon, shallow water level varying in depth from 4.90 to 36.18

mbgl existed in Baytu, Balotra and Siwana Blocks. Deeper water levels from 52.59 to 70.95 mbgl were recorded in

Barmer, Chohtan, Dhorimanna, Sheo and Sindhari Blocks. During post monsoon, shallow water levels ranging in

depth from 4.00 to 38.07 mbgl were observed in Baytu, Balotra and Siwana Blocks. Deeper water levels from 52.99

to 71.50 mbgl depth were registered in Barmer, Chohtan, Dhorimanna, Sheo and Sindhari Blocks.

Total of 8 ground water samples have been collected and analysed for parameters as per IS:10500:2012 standards.

Concentrations of various heavy metals like mercury, lead, cadmium were found below detectable limits at all the

sampling locations. Total and Faecal Coliforms were observed below detectable limit in all the water sampled.

Climate and Meteorology - The Block experiences hot and arid climate typical of desert region. The predominant

wind direction is from west and southwest during the months of April to August and from north and northeast during

the months of September to March. The annual average wind speed was observed to be 4.8 kmph in Barmer. The

annual rainfall is about 275.8mm.

Ambient Air Quality-Ambient air quality was monitored at 8 locations (for a period of 12 week - March to May’19).

The PM10 values were exceeding NAAQS, at some stations but the average value observed to be in the range of

63.13- 67.83 µg/m3, which is typical of the region, due to occasional dust stroms during this dry period. The PM2.5,

SO2, NOx and NH3, values were in the range of 18.42- 20.9 µg/m3, 10.16-11.99 µg/m3, 34.45 – 37.42 µg/m3

respectively and well within the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS). Other parameters such as lead,

CO, Benzene, VOC, HC, Ni, As and [Ba(p)] were observed to be below their detectable limits.

Ambient Noise Levels - Noise levels were monitored at 8 locations within the study area. The locations for the

noise levels are selected on the basis of locations of sensitive receptors such as health centre, educational centres,

market place etc. The day time noise levels and night time noise levels were found to be higher than the prescribed

standards of 55 and 45 dB respectively during day and night time for rural areas.

Soil Quality -Soil samples were collected from 8 locations. The soil in general indicates saline to slightly alkaline

properties in the study area. Soil texture at all locations was observed to be sandy. pH of the soil samples ranged

from 7.31 to 7.80. The concentrations of heavy metals namely cadmium, mercury, antimony was observed to below

detectable limit. The values for Zinc, Lead, Cadmium, Copper, Nickel were found to be much below soil remediation

intervention values. Arsenic values exceeded soil remediation intervention values as specified in Soil Remediation

Circular 2009 at most of the locations.

Ecology– Quadrat based survey was carried out across the Block and it was observed that major portion of the

study area comprises of stunted, thorny, spiny or prickly, trees, shrubs and perennating herbs, showing a range of

xerophytic characteristics. The most commonly found species in the region are Khejri and Ker. Few species of

avifauna were also associated with the region in which the study area is located.

Socio- Economic Conditions- A total number of 25 villages are coming under core zone area, where the proposed

wells are located. According to Census 2011, household size ranges from 5.11 to 6.85 in the core zone villages.

Mokhawa village, shows the highest population of 2488, the lowest populated village is Lalaniyon ki Dhani, with

population size of 486. The average sex ratio of the core zone villages is accounted as 904, which is marginally

higher than the sex ratio of Barmer (902). Major population in the study area are farmers by occupation, mainly two

types of agricultural crops are cultivated in this area widely, Ravi (main crop of the season millet) and Khariff (main


July,2019 AECOM

EX 6

crop of the season cumin). Water scarcity is the main problem, faced by the villagers during dry season of the year.

Almost every village has a primary school.

Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures

Site Selection & Land Procurement –

Impact

An area of approximately 300m X 300m would be taken on temporary short-term lease basis for the construction

of well pad (drill site) for exploratory and appraisal wells and the Quick Production unit/ Early Production unit. For

the preparation of suitable access roads connecting to well pads, accommodating OHL and other utilities in future,

a width of 30m (approx.) RoU would be required. The drill sites are planned to be located in agricultural land and

open scrub land. Their procurement for project purposes would result in loss of landowner’s income for the lease

period. The procurement of land on lease can lead to moderate impact mainly due to expectations on compensation

package.

Mitigation Measures

• During the construction of the access road adequate cross drainage structures to be provided considering the topography of the alignment.

• Levelling and grading operations would be undertaken with minimal disturbance to the existing contour, thereby maintaining the general slope of site;

• Consultations to be carried out with land owners for finalizing compensation packages;

• Compensation for standing crops to be considered.

The excavated material from the drill site should be stored (temporarily /permanently) in uncultivated

land and should be away from any drainage channel.

Site Clearance and Grading

Impact

The site preparation works at campsite and drill site may result in clearance of vegetation, dust generation and loss

of topsoil. The earthworks to be carried would typically involve excavation, levelling / grading; and rolling and

compaction.

Mitigation Measures

• Water sprinkling to be carried out, while working in proximity of agricultural fields or settlements/habitations;

• Runoff from drill sites located near ponds and catchment of tankas to be channelised through silt trap;

• If any tree felling is involved, permission from the concern department to be undertaken.

Construction of Drill Site

Impact

Construction of cellar pit, water storage pit and drilling waste storage pits would result in excavation of soil from

each site. Noise from construction activity would be generated from bull dozer, DG sets and concrete-mixing plant.

Mitigation Measures

• Temporary storage sheds to be provided for storing of construction material such as cement;

• Excavated soil to be used for construction at other project sites;

• Detailed Health & Safety Plan to be provided to all civil contractors, as part of their contract with Vedanta Limited (Division: Cairn Oil & Gas) .

Campsite Installation

Impact

The campsites would be located in the vicinity of the drill site. A typical campsite would require portable cabins to

accommodate about drilling crew and the contractor personnel. Installation of porta-cabins with associated facilities

would involve Health and Safety issues pertaining to transportation, loading - unloading of cabins and installation

of cabins.

Mitigation Measures

• Crane to be is equipped with a legible, durable load chart that shows the manufacturer's recommended load

configurations and maximum load weights; and

• Surface conditions to be examined prior to movement of crane.


July,2019 AECOM

EX 7

Transportation of Drilling Rig and Other Components –

Impact

Transportation of drilling rig, drilling equipment, materials and manpower would involve movement of about trailer

loads spread over days use the existing roads till they reach the access road for each well site. The potential

impacts may include congestion of roads, wear and tear of existing roads and oil leaks from vehicle maintenance

areas.

Mitigation Measures

• Movement of rig & associated machinery to be avoided to the extent possible during peak traffic hours

• All vehicles (light, medium and heavy) to be required to have valid PUC (Pollution under Check) certificate.

• Periodic maintenance of all project vehicles and machinery to be carried out.

Drilling and Well Testing

Impact

During drilling operation Water for WBM preparation would be 600 to 1000 m3/Well, for SBM preparation would be

150 to 300 m3/Well, for drilling water consumption would be 30-50 m3/day/well and water for domestic use would

be 20-30 m3/day/well.

Mitigation Measures

Water requirement for all the project activities would be sourced locally through approved/ authorized sources of

surface water and/ or ground water (e.g. PHD bore wells, privately owned bore wells, Irrigation Dept./ Water

Resources Dept. of State Govt.). In case, required water could not be sourced from locally available approved

sources, ground water would be extracted after obtaining permission from CGWA/ State Govt.

Handling, transport and storage of Chemicals and wastes

Impact

The drilling operations would involve generation of spent drilling mud, drill cuttings, waste oil, used containers, etc.

The drill site would also involve storage of hazardous chemicals and fuels which has the potential to contaminate

soil and groundwater.

Mitigation Measures

• Separate drill cutting disposal pits to be provided for WBM and SBM

• Drill pits to be provided with HDPE lining on bottom and side surfaces

• The drill cuttings from the drilling operations associated with water-based mud would be used for filling

low lying areas as a sub grade construction material in construction of well pads, etc., after testing for

hazardous characteristics and analysis. Synthetic base mud would be re-used in further drilling activities.

• Used hazardous chemical barrels and waste oil to be sent to SPCB authorized vendors

• Fuel tanks to be provided with secondary containment facilities and maintained as per statutory

requirements.

• All mixing tanks and chemical storage area to be paved and provided with secondary containment.

Air emissions

Impact

The drilling activities would lead to emissions from operation of diesel generator sets and flaring during well testing.

Fugitive dust emissions due to the proposed project would be principally associated with emissions of dust during

the site preparation. The dust generated would be primarily from the handling and transportation of fill material and

re-entrainment of dust during movement of the vehicles on unpaved roads

Mitigation Measures

• DG set emissions shall be as per CPCB standards

• Flare burner characteristics to be optimized to ensure maximum burning of hydrocarbons produced during well testing;

• In case of ground flaring to minimize the effects of flaring, the flare pit shall be made of RCC surrounded by a permanent wall of minimum 5m height (with refractory bricks), to reduce the radiation and glaring effects in the adjoining areas.

• In case of elevated flaring system: this would be designed with proper enclosure height;

• Location of the flare stack to be decided at the design stage taking into consideration nearest habitations, vegetation, public amenities or any sensitive locations

• Flaring of crude oil to be avoided, and crude oil to be effectively separated at the drill site and stored in barrels/tankers for transportation to the nearest terminal for management; and


July,2019 AECOM

EX 8

• Proper engineering controls to ensure complete combustion of gas;

• No cold venting of natural gas would be resorted instead flaring would be done with combustion efficient elevated flare tip; and

• Location of flare stacks to be chosen considering the sensitive receptors adjoining the site

Noise Generation

Impact

The noise generation sources would include DG sets, pumps for rig and other miscellaneous equipment’s.

Mitigation Measures

• Installation of adequate engineering control on equipment and machinery (like mufflers & noise enclosures

for DG sets and mud pumps) to reduce noise levels at source, carrying out proper maintenance and

subjecting them to rigid noise control procedures.

• The DG set would be kept in an acoustic enclosure.

• Periodical monitoring of noise level within 500 mts buffer area around well pad.

• Providing Personnel Protective Equipment (PPEs) like ear plugs/muffs to workers at site.

• Undertaking periodic maintenance of vehicles to reduce noise levels

Surface water quality

Impact

Site clearance and stripping of top soil during site construction would result in an increase in soil erosion potential

leading to an increased sediment load in the surface run-off during monsoon. Also, surface run off from drilling

waste (cuttings and drilling mud), hazardous waste (waste oil, used oil etc) and chemical storage areas may lead

to the pollution of receiving water bodies viz. natural drainage channels etc.

Mitigation Measures

• Proper treatment of all wastewater and produced water and any water discharge from well site should comply with CPCB Inland Water Discharge Standards for Oil and Gas Industries

• Waste mud to be stored in the HDPE lined pit

• Drainage and sediment control systems at the well site would be efficiently designed

• All chemical and fuel storage areas, process areas would have proper bunds so that contaminated run-off cannot escape into the storm-water drainage system.

Ground water Impact In absence of supply of surface water resource, the potential impacts on groundwater resource would be due to ground water abstracted for domestic needs and for civil construction activities. Mitigation Measures • All water storages in the drill sites would be kept covered and leakage prevented; Soil Quality Impact During the site preparation stripping of soil would be happened during the construction phase. Site preparatory activities would involve the sourcing of earth-fill from borrow areas. Since in most of the cases efforts would be made to procure the fill material from nearby existing borrow areas. Storage of drill cuttings associated with WBM, spent drilling mud and sludge containing oil and other waste are likely to be generated, would be stored at HDPE lined pit. Fuels, lubricants and chemical used for the drilling operations (especially daily consumption) would be stored at site. Mitigation Measures

• The top soil would be stored properly

• Manage spills of contaminants on soil using spill kits;

• Storage of MSW in designated areas within drill sites/production facilities;

• Adopt best practices e.g. use pumps and dispensing nozzle for transfer of fuel, use drip trays etc. Road and Traffic Impact During various phases of projects like construction, drilling, early production and decommissioning various types of vehicle / equipment movement would be involved. The vehicular movement is expected to be more in construction phase due to movement of machinery & manpower.


July,2019 AECOM

EX 9

Mitigation Measures

• Speed limits would be maintained by vehicles involved in transportation of raw material and drilling rig.

• Regular supervision would be done to control vehicular traffic movement along defined traffic routes.

• Entry of vehicles into the drilling site area is prohibited except for material movement.

• Adequate parking would be provided outside the drilling location.

Terrestrial Ecological environment

Impact

The Potential Impacts on the existing floral and faunal diversity may arise due to following activities 1. Vegetation Clearance.

2. Illimitation from Site.

3. Generation of Noise

Mitigation Measures

• The working area would always be kept minimum.

• For felling of trees prior approval from concern Department shall be obtained;

• Appropriate shading of lights to prevent unwanted scattering.

• Plantation of Local tree plantation should be undertaken;

• Fencing would be done on the camp site to avoid any unfortunate encounter with faunal species.

Socio economic environment

Impact

Road infrastructure could be damaged due to heavy traffic movement. Influx of population is anticipated in all

stages of the project cycle particularly during exploratory drilling. The drill site would involve the operation of about

50 onsite workers during drilling phase. Interaction between workers with villagers of nearby areas might give rise

to various issues like conflict of workers with the local population, nuisance caused by workers due to improper

sanitation facilities, etc.

Mitigation

• The shortest distance as far as available / feasible would be considered for access road.

• The village road identified for accessing proposed project footprints, would be strengthened and widened as

per requirement.

• Appropriate awareness program on grievance redressal mechanism, would be designed and implemented

for local community around proposed project footprints;

• Concerns of local panchayat regarding any impact on their common property resources (like of use of village

road, water resource etc.) due to project activities, would be proactively identified and addressed;

Occupational Health & Safety Risks

Impact

The health and safety risks associated with drilling operations may include well kick or blow out, crane failure, fire

Hazards and radiation hazard from well logging tool handling and storage.

Mitigation Measures

• Blowout preventers to be provided;

• Flare pit to be placed at a safe distance from the well head and fuel storage areas;

• Fire-fighting measures to be provided.

Operation of Campsites

Impact

It is anticipated that, at any given time, there would be about 80 - 100 personnel working on site including technical

staff, drilling crew, security staff etc. who would be accommodated at each campsite associated with drilling. Water

for domestic use would be 20-30 m3/day/well. Each campsite is anticipated to generate 25-30 kg/day/well of

domestic waste. Inadequate disposal and handling of waste would pollute the surroundings.

Mitigation Measures

• Safe drinking water to be made.

• Segregation of waste at the source of generation to be put in practice.

• Food waste to be collected and disposed appropriately


July,2019 AECOM

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• The sewage from each porta-cabin to be connected to a mobile STP.

Demobilization and Abandonment

Impact

If hydrocarbons are not found, a full abandonment plan would be implemented. The impacts from decommissioning

of drill sites may include noise generation and soil contamination due to demolition of cutting pits and chemical

storage areas.

Mitigation Measures

• All the wastes to be completely removed from the site and sent to designated authorized disposal facilities prior to commencement of demolition work.

• Prior to commencement of any demolition, a planned programme of site clearance would be formulated. All pits, cellars and holes would be removed, and filled to ground level, any oil or otherwise contaminated soil would be removed and disposed properly.

• Roads and other paving would be removed to sufficient depth to allow soil replacement and revegetation.

• Any remaining topsoil that has been stocked during the site clearance would be re-spread over appropriate portions of the site.

• If any soil contamination is found, measures to be taken to remove or treat the contaminated soil.

Environment Management and Monitoring Plan

A comprehensive environmental monitoring plan has been developed for the project. Monitoring of ambient air

quality, noise levels, soil and groundwater quality to be carried out by MoEF&CC/NABL/RSPCB recognized

laboratories for pre and post drilling operations to assess the effectiveness of the environment management plan

and adopt appropriate corrective measures if it found that those are not functioning properly.

HSE Organization Structure

Vedanta Limited (Division Cairn Oil & gas) has an existing established Health, Safety and Environment (HSE)

management system for its operations. The HSE structure comprises of a corporate HSE team based in Gurgaon

office and an on-site team.

Vedanta Limited (Division: Cairn Oil and Gas) shall ensure that the contractual documentation emphasizes on the

need to comply with all legal requirements and Environment Management and Monitoring Plan (EMMP). Vedanta

Limited (Division: Cairn Oil and Gas) shall either directly or through its contractors, to arrange for periodic trainings

of the project crew on legal requirements and EMMP. Vedanta Limited (Division: Cairn Oil and Gas) shall undertake

regular inspections of the drill and camp sites and document them to ensure compliance to legal requirements and

the EMMP.

Proposed CER (Corporate Environmental Responsibilities) Strategy

As per MoEF&CC office memorandum number F. No 22-65/2017-IA-III dated 1st May, 2018, Corporate

Environmental Responsibility requirement would be fulfilled as per the prescribed rate.


July,2019 AECOM

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1. Introduction India is largely dependent on import of petroleum goods to meet its requirements and imports about 80% of crude

oil demand every year. For the last 3 years including the last financial year of 2018-19, the production figures of

crude oil in India is hovering about 35 MTs against a total demand of 212 MTs in the last year. In addition, the

demand of petroleum products is poised to grow at an annual average rate of 4.8% till year 2022 (13th 5-year plan).

To enhance indigenous production of oil, Government of India has targeted reducing the country’s dependency on

import by 10% by the year 2022. As a lead-up to this intent Government of India has awarded Block RJ-ONHP-

2017/01 in Rajasthan to Vedanta Limited (Division: Cairn Oil & Gas) for exploration of hydrocarbons.

1.1 Background Revenue Sharing Contract (RSC) for Block RJ-ONHP-2017/1 has been signed between Vedanta Ltd and

MoP&NG, Govt of India on 1st October 2018 for the exploration of hydrocarbons resources. Vedanta Ltd (Division

Cairn Oil & Gas) proposes to carry out exploration including exploratory and appraisal well drilling and early

production of oil and gas in the above mention Block. In case of any discovery, the exploratory and appraisal well(s)

would be tested for extended duration by flowing hydrocarbons to ascertain the reservoir parameters, assess the

quality and commercial viability for early production.

Vedanta Limited (Division: Cairn Oil and Gas) proposes for drilling of 29 onshore exploratory and appraisal wells

and setting up of early/quick production Unit in RJ-ONHP-2017/1.

1.2 Objective of the EIA Study The exploration/development of oil and gas is included under activities specified in Schedule (Activity 1b) of the

EIA Notification dated 14th September 2006 and categorized as “A” level project that requires an Environmental

Clearance (EC) from the Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change (MoEF&CC).

AECOM India Pvt Ltd., a NABET-QCI accredited firm has been entrusted with the task of conducting an EIA study

and technically assisting Vedanta Limited (Division Cairn Oil & Gas) in obtaining environmental clearance from the

MoEF&CC.

The main objectives of the EIA study are as follows:

• Establish the prevailing baseline environmental and socio-economic condition of the RJ-ONHP-2017/1 Block

and its surroundings along with the compliance needs for environmental approvals to carry out hydrocarbon

exploration.

• Assessing environmental and socioeconomic impacts arising out of the proposed drilling activities;

• Recommend appropriate preventive and mitigation measures to eliminate or minimize pollution,

environmental & social disturbances during the life-cycle of the project, ensuring compliance with

environmental laws and regulations applicable;

• Identifying and proposing alternative actions in terms of technology and practices that may help in abating

environmental or socio-economic impacts due to the project;

Integrating mitigative measures with environmental action plans and management systems so that they can be

implemented, monitored and suitable corrective action can be taken in case of deviations;

1.3 Project Status Vedanta Limited (Division Cairn Oil & Gas) had submitted Form-1 of the EIA Notification, along with a draft Terms

of Reference (ToR) for scoping to MoEF& CC. MoEF&CC has issued an approved ToR No IA-J-11011/80/2019-IA-

II(I) dated 13th April 2019. The approved ToR is attached as Appendix 1.1.


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2

The baseline monitoring and all primary data collection was conducted for the summer season (March to May) of

2019, as per the requirements of the ToR. Draft EIA report has been prepared for public hearing.

1.4 Brief Details of The Project RJ-ONHP-2017/1 Block is located in Gudamalani and Chohtan Tehsil of Barmer district, Rajasthan. Total area of

block is 542 sq. km.Vedanta Limited (Division: Cairn Oil and Gas) proposed to carryout drilling of 29 exploratory

and appraisal wells with in the Block. Apart from that setting up of Early Production Units (EPUs)/ Quick Production

Units (QPUs) for produced well fluid processing and production of up to 12000 BOPD crude oil and associated

natural gas 1.8 MMSCFD has also been planned. Total estimated cost of the project is Rs. 790 crore.

1.5 Scope of The Study The scope of the EIA study considers the impact due to drilling of 29 onshore exploratory and appraisal wells and

early/ quick production unit in RJ-ONHP-2017/1 on physical, biological and socioeconomic environment of the

surrounding areas in compliance to the approved ToR provide by MoEFCC. The scope of the EIA study includes

the following:

• To establish the prevailing environmental and socio-economic condition of the study area;

• To assess environmental and socioeconomic impacts arising out of the proposed expansion activities;

• To recommend appropriate preventive and mitigation measures to eliminate or minimize pollution;

• To identify and propose management plans in terms of good practices that may help in abating

environmental or socio-economic impacts due to the project.

• To prepare a Disaster Management Plan (DMP) based on Risk Assessment/ studies;

Environmental baseline monitoring has been carried out during March to May 2019 representing summer

season and used to identify potential significant impacts.

1.6 Structure of the EIA Report The overall contents of the EIA report has been prepared as per the generic structure prescribed in the Appendix

III of EIA Notification issued by MoEF&CC, Govt. of India on 14th September 2006 and subsequent amendments.

The report consists of executive summary followed by eleven chapters the content of which is briefly described in

this section below

Sl. No. Section Brief Description

Executive Summary Executive Summary of EIA report.

1. Introduction This section covers project background; scope of the work and

overview of the project.

2. Project Description Presents a Description of the Existing and proposed project.

3. Environmental Baseline Study

Baseline Environment Status: The methodology for assessing

various baseline environmental components in the study area has

been identified in this chapter. The various parameters of present

environmental status are identified under different aspects, which

include location and regional setting of the area, physical aspects

such as land use, land cover and soil quality. Hydrological aspect

consists of area drainage, surface water and ground water quality.

Meteorological aspect contains all the climatic factors and ambient

air quality existing in the study area. Ecological environment

describes the flora and fauna of the region. Human aspect includes

the demographical features, socio-economic environment and

infrastructure facilities of the study area.

4. Impact Assessment and

Mitigation Measures

Includes impact identification through scoping, assessment of

impact, mitigation measures and evaluation of significance of

residual impacts.


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Sl. No. Section Brief Description

5. Alternative Analysis

This section includes alternatives analysis with respect to site and

technology

6. Environmental Monitoring

Program

The environmental monitoring would be scheduled during

construction and operation phase is provided

7. Additional studies

A summary of the additional studies/activities conducted as per the

requirements of the ToR is given in this chapter. The additional

studies conducted are Risk Assessment and Disaster Management

Plan. On-site disaster management describing the on-site and off-

site emergencies commands and controls have also described in

this chapter. Stakeholder assessment as per primary consultation

and Public hearing related issues have been also covered in this

chapter.

8. Project Benefits The benefits that would be accrued from the project in the locality in

particular and society in general as well as development would be

identified and described in this chapter.

9. Environmental Management

Plan

This section covers introduction and elements of EMP i.e. planning, implementation, checking and management review.

10. Summary and Conclusion

Presents the overall findings of the EIA study and includes overall justification for implementation of the project and provides explanation of how, adverse effects have been mitigated.

11. Disclosure of Consultants Provides brief information about AECOM and professionals who were engaged for completion of this study.

Source: EIA Notification 2006

1.7 Compliance to TOR Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) study has been undertaken for the proposed drilling of 29 Exploration and

Appraisal wells in RJ-ONHP-2017/1 Block, Barmer District, Rajasthan. The EIA study has been undertaken in

accordance with the Standard ToR issued by MoEF&CC vide File No IA- J-11011/80/2019-IA-II(I) dated 13th April

2019. The point wise compliance to TOR is provided Table 1.1.

Table 1.1 ToR Compliance

Sl. No Condition Reference Section

1. Executive summary of the project Refer to Executive Summary

2. Project description, project objectives

and project benefits

Refer to Chapter 2, section 2.2-Objectives And Benefits Of

Proposed Exploratory, Development And Testing Activities,

section 2.6 and 2.7-Well Locations And Environmental

Settings, section 2.6- Project Activities And Schedule

3. Cost of project and period of completion Refer to Chapter 2, section 2.13- Project Cost and section

2.6 - Project Activities and Schedule

4. Site details within 1 km of the each

proposed well, any habitation, any other

installation/activity, flora and fauna,

approachability to site, other activities

including agriculture/land, satellite

imagery for 10 km area.

Refer to Chapter 2, section 2.5-Well Locations and

Environmental Settings

Refer to Chapter 3, section 3.10-land use/land cover

5. All the geological details would be

mentioned in the Topo sheet of 1:40000

scale, superimposing the well locations

and other structures of the projects.

Refer to Chapter 2, Section 2.3 -Block Location &

Description

6. Topography of the project site. Refer to Chapter 3, section 3.3.6-Topography

7. Details of sensitive areas such as

National Park, Wildlife sanctuary and

any other eco-sensitive area along with

map indicating distance

Refer chapter 3, section 3.12-Ecological Environment


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8. Approval for the forest land from the

State/Central Govt. under Forest

(Conservation) Act, 1980, if applicable.

Not applicable

9. Recommendation of SCZMA/CRZ

clearance as per CRZ Notification dated

6th January, 2011 (if applicable).

Not applicable

10. Distance from nearby critically/severely

polluted area as per Notification, if

applicable. Status of moratorium

imposed on the area.

Not Applicable

11. Does proposal involve rehabilitation and

resettlement? If yes, details thereof.

No rehabilitation and resettlement is would be required as

such

12. Environmental considerations in the

selection of the drilling locations for

which environmental clearance is being

sought. Present any analysis suggested

for minimizing the foot print giving

details of drilling and development

options considered.

Refer Chapter 5- Analysis of Alternatives

13. Baseline data collection for air, water

and soil for one season leaving the

monsoon season in an area of 10 km

radius with centre of Oil Field as its

centre covering the area of all proposed

drilling wells.

Refer Chapter 3, section 3.6-Ambient Air Quality, section

3.9 -Water Environment, section 3.11-Soil Quality

14. Climatology and Meteorology including

wind speed, wind direction, temperature

rainfall relative humidity, etc.

Refer Chapter 3, section 3.3.5-Climate and Rainfall,

section 3.5-Meteorology

15. Details of Ambient Air Quality monitoring

at 8 locations for PM2.5, PM10, SO2,

NOx, CO, VOCs, Methane and non-

methane HC.

Refer Chapter 3, section 3.6-Ambient Air Quality,

16. Soil sample analysis (physical and

chemical properties) at the areas

located at 5 locations.

Refer Chapter 3, section 3.11-Soil Quality

17. Ground and surface water quality in the

vicinity of the proposed wells site.

Refer Chapter 3, section 3.9 -Water Environment,

18. Measurement of Noise levels within 1

km radius of the proposed wells.

Refer Chapter 3, section 3.7-Ambient Noise Quality

19. Vegetation and land use; flora/fauna in

the block area with details of

endangered species, if any.

Refer Chapter 3, section 3.12-Ecological Environment

20. Incremental GLC as a result of DG set

operation, flaring etc.

Refer Chapter 4 Section 4.8 Air Pollution Impact

21. Potential environmental impact

envisaged during various stages of

project activities such as site activation,

development, operation/ maintenance

and decommissioning.

Refer Chapter 4

22. Actual source of water and 'Permission'

for the drawl of water from the

Competent Authority.

Detailed water balance, wastewater

generation and discharge.

Refer to Chapter 2, section 2.7.3-Water Requirement

23. Noise abatement measures and

measures to minimize disturbance due

to light and visual intrusions

Refer Chapter 4 Section 4.9 Noise Impact


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24. Details on wastewater generation,

treatment and utilization /discharge for

produced water/ formation water, cooling

waters, other wastewaters, etc. during

all project phases.

Refer to Chapter 2, section 2.8.3-Wastewater

25. Details on solid waste management for

drill cuttings, drilling mud and oil sludge,

produced sand, radio active materials,

other hazardous materials, etc. including

its disposal options during all project

phases.

Refer to Chapter 2, section 2.8.4-Solid and Hazardous

Waste Streams

26. Disposal of spent oil and lube. Refer to Chapter 2, section 2.8.4-Solid and Hazardous

Waste Streams

27. Storage of chemicals and diesel at site.

Hazardous material usage, storage and

accounting

Refer to Chapter 2, section 2.7-Utilities & Resource

Requirements

28. Commitment for the use of water based

mud (WBM) only

Refer to Chapter 2, section 2.6.2-Drilling Activity

29. Oil spill emergency plans for recovery/

reclamation

Refer Chapter 9, Section 9.5

30. H2S emissions control Refer Chapter 7, Section 7.3.13

31. Produced oil/gas handling, processing

and storage/transportation

Refer Chapter 2, Section 2.6

32. Details of control of air, water and noise

pollution during production phase

Refer Chapter 4

33. Measures to protect ground water and

shallow aquifers from contamination

Refer to Chapter 4, Section 4.11

34. Whether any burn pits being utilised for

well test operations

Refer to Chapter 2, section 2.6.2-Drilling Activity

35. Risk assessment and disaster

management plan for independent

reviews of well designed construction

etc. for prevention of blow out. Blowout

preventer installation.

Refer to Chapter 7, Section 7.2.3

36. Environmental management plan. Refer to Chapter 9

37. Total capital and recurring cost for

environmental control measures

Refer to Chapter9, Section 9.15

38. Emergency preparedness plan. Refer to Chapter 7, Section 7.3

39. Decommissioning and restoration plans Refer to Chapter 2, section 2.6.3-Well Decommissioning

40. Documentary proof of membership of

common disposal facilities, if any

Not Applicable

41. Details of environmental and safety

related documentation within the

company including documentation and

proposed occupational health and safety

Surveillance Safety Programme for all

personnel at site. This shall also include

monitoring programme for the

environmental

Refer to Chapter 6 - Environmental Monitoring

Programme

42. A copy of Corporate Environment Policy

of the company as per the Ministry's

O.M. No. J-11013/ 41/2006-IA.II(I) dated

26thApril, 2011 available on the

Ministry's website

Refer to Chapter 9, Section 9.1

Source: ToR issued By MOEF&CC


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1.8 Limitations This EIA study is based on certain scientific principles and professional judgment to certain facts with resultant

subjective interpretation. Professional judgment expressed herein is based on the available data and information.

This report has been developed based on the project related information provided by Vedanta Limited (Division:

Cairn Oil & Gas) with the assumption that the information gathered is representative for the proposed drilling of 29

onshore exploratory and appraisal wells and early production in Barmer district of Rajasthan. If information to the

contrary is discovered, the findings in this EIA may need would be modified accordingly. The impact assessment

for the Project is based on the project configuration as described in Section 2 on Project Description.

Vedanta Limited. (Division CAIRN Oil & Gas) DRAFT EIA: Onshore Oil and Gas E&A in RJ-ONHP- 2017/1 Block, Barmer District, Rajasthan

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2. Description of the Project The proposed project includes drilling of 29 onshore exploratory and appraisal wells and Setting up of Early

Production Units (EPUs)/ Quick Production Units (QPUs) for produced well fluid processing and production of up

to 12000 BOPD crude oil and up to 1.8 MMSCFD associated natural gas in RJ-ONHP-2017/1 Block located in

Barmer district of Rajasthan

In case of a discovery (ies), the exploratory and appraisal well(s) would be tested for extended duration by flowing

hydrocarbons to ascertain the reservoir parameters and assess the quality and commercial viability. Moreover, in

case of commercially viable discovery (s) of hydrocarbons in the Block and having established the size of the

hydrocarbon field (s), field would be immediately brought into early production of crude oil and associated gas

using some of the successful exploratory/ appraisal wells by setting up of temporary and mobile Early Production

Units (EPUs)/ QPUs (Quick Production Units) for the processing of produced well fluids. Any associated gas would

be used for captive power generation.

2.1 Objectives of Proposed Project Specific objectives of the proposed drilling activities are summarized below:

• To develop and produce hydrocarbons safely

• To augment National Production of oil and gas

2.2 Benefits of the Proposed Project The project (in case of commercially viable discovery of oil and gas) would ultimately cater to fulfil the energy

requirement of India. The dependency of India on other countries would be lessened to an extent. Additionally, the

project would benefit people living in neighbouring villages in relation to direct & indirect employment associated

with various project activities and would boost the local economy. The benefits of the project are listed below;

• Provision of royalty to Rajasthan Government and more cess to Govt. of India

• Provision of direct and indirect employment opportunity to local people

• Increase in business opportunity for the local people

• Energy security for the country

2.3 Block Location & Description

2.3.1 Location of Block

RJ-ONHP-2017/1 Block is located in Barmer districts of Rajasthan. Total area of RJ-ONHP-2017/1 Block is 542

sq. km. The coordinates of the Block is presented Figure 1.

The regional setting of block is presented in figure 2 and the location of RJ-ONHP-2017/1 Block on toposheet and

satellite imagery is shown in figure 3.

The Onshore RJ- ONHP-2017/1 Block covers an area of 542 Sq.Km and is located in in Barmer Districts of

Rajasthan. The regional setting of the RJ- ONHP-2017/1 Block is shown in Figure 2. The geographic location of

the Block is included within overlaid on the Survey of India’s Topo- Sheet No. 40O/11, 40O/12. The Block location

map superimposed on Toposheet and satellite imagery is shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 respectively.

Vedanta Limited. (Division CAIRN Oil & Gas) DRAFT EIA: Onshore Oil and Gas E&A in

RJ-ONHP- 2017/1 Block, Barmer District, Rajasthan

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Figure 1. Coordinates of RJ-ONHP-2017/1

Boundary

/Pillar

Points

Longitude

(East)

Latitude

(North)

Boundary

/Pillar

Points

Longitude

(East)

Latitude

(North)

1 71° 30' 25° 28' 12 71° 40' 25° 22'

2 71° 31' 25° 28' 13 71° 40' 25° 19'

3 71° 31' 25° 25' 14 71° 41' 25° 19'

4 71° 33' 25° 25' 15 71° 41' 25° 16'

5 71° 33' 25° 26' 16 71° 42' 25° 16'

6 71° 36' 25° 26' 17 71° 42' 25° 13'

7 71° 38' 25° 27' 18 71° 43' 25° 13'

8 71° 38' 25° 27' 19 71° 43' 25° 11'

9 71° 38' 25° 24' 20 71° 44' 25° 11'

10 71° 39' 25° 24' 21 71° 44' 25° 10'

11 71° 39' 25° 22' 22 71° 30' 25° 10'



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Figure 2. Regional Settings of RJ-ONHP-2017/1


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Figure 3. Block boundary of RJ-ONHP-2017/1 on SOI Toposheet


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Figure 4. Boundary of Block RJ-ONHP-2017/1 Block on Satellite Imagery

Vedanta Limited (Division CAIRN Oil & Gas) DRAFT EIA: Onshore Oil and Gas E&A in RJ-ONHP- 2017/1 Block, Barmer District, Rajasthan

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2.3.2 Accessibility

Roads

The project location falls in one districts of Rajasthan, Barmer. The nearest cities from the Block are Barmer (32

km-in NNW direction) which are well connected through state highway. NH-15 & SH-28 are passing through the

block.

Railway

The nearest railway stations from the blocks are Barmer (33 km-in NE direction). Other rail connectivity available

in the area are Bhinmal railway station (56 km- in SE direction). Jodhpur Railway Station is located at a distance

of 166 km.

Airport

Jodhpur airport is the nearest air connectivity located 169 km towards NE direction from the block boundary.

Accessibility map of Block Rj-ONHP-2017/1 is presented in Figure 5.


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Figure 5. Accessibility Map of RJ-ONHP-20171 Block


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2.4 Environmental Settings

2.4.1 RJ-ONHP-2017/1 Block

• The Block spreads across the Chotan and Gudamanali Block of Tehsil of Barmer District of Rajasthan.

• Luni River is flows just outside the south eastern corner boundary of the block.

• Total 7.56 sq.mt, forest area is located within the RJ-ONHP-2017/1 Block however none of the proposed well

location is located within forest land.

• There is no wildlife sanctuary and national park located within the 15 kilometer of the block boundary

• Land use classes with is the Block comprise of Agriculture

• There are no major industries is located within the Block.

2.4.2 Location of Wells

Vedanta Ltd. (Cairn Oil & Gas) proposes to drill 29 exploration & appraisal wells within the present Block boundary

of RJ-ONHP-2017/1. The proposed well sites were selected based primarily on the geological consideration but the

environmental considerations viz. location of sensitive ecological habitats, settlements, schools/ hospitals, water

bodies etc have also been considered. Care had been taken to locate the wells distantly from these receptors. In

case, well site selection in proximity to sensitive receptors could not be avoided (due to presence of geological

formations), requisite clearance/permission would be obtained as may be statutorily required. Proper environmental

and safety measures would be adopted to minimize footprints on these receptors. Proposed well coordinates are

provided in Table 2.1 and the locations of the wells are shown in Figure 6.

Table 2.1 Details of Proposed Well Location

Well no. Coordinates Present Land Use Village Block District

1 25°11'1.27"N, 71°31'9.30"E

Agricultural Land Bhimthal Gudha Malani Barmer

2 25°11'3.71"N, 71°33'32.30"E

Agricultural Land Pabubera Gudha Malani Barmer

3 25°11'6.12"N, 71°35'55.31"E

Agricultural Land Bhambhuon Ka Bas

Gudha Malani Barmer

4 25°11'8.49"N, 71°38'18.32"E

Agricultural Land Chak Gudha Gudha Malani Barmer

5 25°11'10.82"N, 71°40'41.33"E

Agricultural Land Chak Gudha Gudha Malani Barmer

6 25°13'11.38"N, 71°31'6.59"E

Agricultural Land Seelgan Gudha Malani Barmer

7 25°13'13.83"N, 71°33'29.64"E

Agricultural Land Jakhron Ki Dhani

Gudha Malani Barmer

8 25°13'16.24"N, 71°35'52.69"E

Agricultural Land Lalaniyon Ki Dhani

Gudha Malani Barmer

9 25°13'18.61"N, 71°38'15.74"E

Agricultural Land Barasan Gudha Malani Barmer

10 25°13'20.94"N, 71°40'38.80"E

Agricultural Land Jeewaniyon Ki Dhani

Gudha Malani Barmer

11 25°15'21.50"N, 71°31'3.87"E

Agricultural Land Lookhon Ka Nada

Gudha Malani Barmer

12 25°15'23.95"N, 71°33'26.97"E

Agricultural Land Tajaniyon Ki Dhani

Gudha Malani Barmer

13 25°15'26.35"N, 71°35'50.06"E

Agricultural Land Mokhawa Gudha Malani Barmer

14 25°15'28.72"N, 71°38'13.16"E

Agricultural Land Mokhawa Gudha Malani Barmer

15 25°17'31.61"N, 71°31'1.16"E

Agricultural Land Alamsariya Gudha Malani Barmer


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Well no. Coordinates Present Land Use Village Block District

16 25°17'34.06"N, 71°33'24.29"E

Agricultural Land Sauon Ka Goliya

Gudha Malani Barmer

17 25°17'36.47"N, 71°35'47.43"E

Agricultural Land Pabubera Gudha Malani Barmer

18 25°17'38.84"N, 71°38'10.57"E

Agricultural Land Mokhawa Khurd

Gudha Malani Barmer

19 25°19'41.73"N, 71°30'58.44"E

Agricultural Land Dudapur Gudha Malani Barmer

20 25°19'44.18"N, 71°33'21.62"E

Agricultural Land Ardarsh Lookhoo

Gudha Malani Barmer

21 25°19'46.59"N, 71°35'44.80"E

Agricultural Land Khadiyali Nadi Gudha Malani Barmer

22 25°19'48.96"N, 71°38'7.99"E

Agricultural Land Khadali Gudha Malani Barmer

23 25°21'51.84"N, 71°30'55.72"E

Agricultural Land Relon Ki Beri Gudha Malani Barmer

24 25°21'54.29"N, 71°33'18.95"E

Agricultural Land Kheecharo Ka Was

Gudha Malani Barmer

25 25°21'56.70"N, 71°35'42.17"E

Agricultural Land Nai Band Gudha Malani Barmer

26 25°21'59.08"N, 71°38'5.40"E

Agricultural Land Ranasar Khurd

Gudha Malani Barmer

27 25°24'1.96"N, 71°30'53.00"E

Agricultural Land Mehlu Gudha Malani Barmer

28 25°24'4.41"N, 71°33'16.27"E

Agricultural Land Meethi Beri Gudha Malani Barmer

29 25°24'6.82"N, 71°35'39.54"E

Agricultural Land Siyolon Ki Beri Gudha Malani Barmer

Environmental settings around 2.5 km radius 1area of each well site was carried out during field survey and the

same has been checked with toposheet and satellite imagery.

All the prosed well locations are located in agricultural land. Settlements/houses and Tankas were observed in

vicinity of well locations. Villages roads are also located close to well locations. Well profile including environmental

setting and environmental settings map of each well is given in Appendix 2.3.

1 As per project plan well site may shift 2 kilometer around the prosed well site based on seismic data and geological formation. Considering the fact 2.5 km radius of the proposed well site is considered as the area of influence of the particular well.


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Figure 6. Proposed Environmental Settings Map of the Block


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2.5 Well Drilling Process The lifecycle of project activities for the proposed project has been divided into distinct steps and each is described

in detail in the subsequent sections and would take approximately three months to complete drilling and testing

activity at each well site. Vedanta Limited (Division Cairn Oil and Gas) has planned to carry out the proposed project

activities in the RJ-ONHP-2017/1 Block over a period of 10-12 years.

The project lifecycle has been classified into three phases:

Pre-drilling activity

• Site selection

• Land procurement

• Site Preparation

• Site access road and drill site construction

• Pre-drilling activities, mobilization and Rigging up

Drilling activity

• Drilling of wells

• Testing of wells

Early Production- When, exploratory drilling is successful

• Drilling of Appraisal wells to quantify the hydrocarbon reserves

• Setting up of Early Production Units (EPUs)/Quick Production Units (QPUs)

Well decommissioning

• Well abandonment

• Site closure and decommissioning

• Site Restoration

2.5.1 Pre-drilling Activity

The pre-drilling phase would involve the following activities:

2.5.2 Site Selection

The exploration history of the area exhibits the potential presence of the oil and gas in the region. The seismic

data interpretation of the seismic survey would decide the exact locations of the drilling well. The proposed

exploratory well site have been identified based on the study and interpretation of the stratigraphy and seismic

data. Within the identified location the actual well drilling site have been selected based on the following factors:

• Located at a safe distance from public road .

• Ensure natural drainage channels are avoided or drainage channels rerouted to ensure

• Unhindered flow of rain / flood water. Where necessary adequate erosion control measures would be

provided

2.5.3 Land Procurement

An area of approximately 300m X 300m would be taken on temporary short-term lease basis for the construction

of well pad (drill site) for exploratory and appraisal wells. For the preparation of suitable access roads connecting

to well pads, accommodating OHL and other utilities in future, a width of 30m (approx.) RoU would be required.

Site Preparation

Site preparation would involve all activities required to facilitate the operation of the drilling rig Site preparation

would be involve all activities required to facilitate the operation of the drilling rig and associated equipment and

machineries. At the initial stage, the drilling site would be elevated to about 2.0 m from the existing ground level

with minimal clearance of existing ground vegetation. The existing trees would be retained to the extent possible.

All efforts would be made during the design of the drill pad to prevent felling of any mature trees.

The loose top soil would be removed by using mechanical means like bulldozer and saved at a nearby place (away

from the water channels) for later use during site restoration. Levelling and compaction would be done with the

help of graders and mechanical rollers. The land filling materials and rubbles would be required for the purpose for


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site preparation in sufficient amount. Subsequently, the proposed well site & campsite would be duly fenced using

chain link and barbed wires.

Platforms for drill pad and all other heavy equipment systems or machinery, cast in-situ Reinforced Cement

Concrete (RCC) would be used for the construction of foundation system. The rig foundation would be of 20m X

20m in size and would have an elevation of 0.6 m. For making the foundations of main rig structure, cast in-situ

bored under- reamed piles of specified lengths would also be used. The elevated structures would have proper

garland drains for storm water with sufficient gradient, made of brick masonry, to take care of surface runoff water.

Pit of an impervious HDPE liner would be provided as part of the site development for collection and storage of

drilling waste in the form of spent drilling mud and cuttings etc.

A Campsite, elevated to the height as that of the drilling site (approx.2.0 m), would be set up adjoining the well site.

Local earth and rubble would be used as the fill material. Proper surface gradients and brick masonry drains would

take care of the run-off water, where as separate septic tanks and soak pits would be provided along with the labour

camp for disposal of domestic waste water.

Though the rig and related equipment’s would be directly brought to site, spares, mud preparing chemicals and

other materials would be stored at a warehouse near to the site and would be received to the site from that

intermediate storage area. The rig equipment would however be transported directly to the drilling site during

mobilization and would be de-mobilized directly from the site. The materials would be intermittently supplied from

warehouse to the drilling site, during the operations - with some stock at the drilling site itself.

A typical layout of drill site with QPU is presented in Figure 7 and typical drill site without QPU is presented in Figure

8.


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Figure 7. TYPICAL LAYOUT OF DRILLING PAD WITH QPU


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Figure 8. Schematic Diagram of A typical Well Pad

Vedanta Limited. (Division CAIRN Oil & Gas)

DRAFT EIA: Onshore Oil and Gas E&A in RJ-ONHP- 2017/1 Block, Barmer District, Rajasthan

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2.5.4 Drilling Activity

The proposed drilling would be carried out by using a standard land rig or a “Mobile Land Rig” with standard

water-based drilling fluid treatment system. This rig would be suitable for deep drilling up to the desired depth of

6000 meters (TVDSS) as planned for the project. Additionally, there would be other ancillary facilities like Drilling

mud system, ETP, Cuttings separation, Drill Cementing equipment etc. and utilities to supply power (DG sets),

water, fuel (HSD) to the drilling process and would be set up as a part of the Project. The details of the drilling rig

is given in Table 2.2. The typical configuration of a Drilling Rig is shown in the Figure 9.

Table 2.2 Specification of a Drilling Rig

Type of Rig Electrical Rig

Power generator type & nos. AC – SCR Type. (03 Nos.)

Details of solids handling systems on rig Shale Shakers - 1200 GPM Capacity Desander – 1200 GPM

Capacity Desilter – 1200 GPM Capacity

Figure 9. Typical Drilling Rig Configuration

2.5.5 Drilling Operation

A rig would be installed at the potential site of drilling after thorough inspection for its working capability and quality

standards. Well spudding shall be the start of drilling activity. Wells would be drilled in sections, with the diameter

of each section decreasing with increasing depth. Before commencing the actual drilling, large diameter pipe

(Conductor) would be lowered into a hole and cemented/grouted. Top-hole section would be drilled to a desired



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depth based on well design. After drilling top-hole section, it would be cased with a pipe called “Casing”. Once each

section of the well is completed, the drill string is lifted, and protective steel pipe or casing lowered into the well and

cemented into place. The lengths and diameters of each section of the well would be determined prior to the starting

of the drilling activities and are dependent on the geological conditions through which the well is to be drilled. This

process of drilling and casing the hole section continues until the final well depth (target) is achieved.

Figure 10. Typical Model Onshore Drilling Process

2.5.6 Mud System and Cuttings returns at the drill pipe–casing annulus up to surface back into the circulation system after separation of drill cuttings

/solids through solids control equipment. The primary function of drilling fluid is to ensure that the rock cuttings

generated by the drill bit are continuously removed from the wellbore. The mud must be designed such that it can

carry the cuttings to surface while circulating, suspend the cuttings while not circulating and drop the cuttings out

of suspension at the surface. The drilled solids are removed at the surface by mechanical devices such as shale

shakers, de-sanders and de-silters. The hydrostatic pressure exerted by the mud column prevents influx of

formation fluids into the wellbore. The instability caused by the pressure differential between the borehole and the

pore pressure can be overcome by increasing the mud weight. Hydration of the clays can be overcome by using

non-aqueous based muds, or partially addressed by treating the mud with chemicals which would reduce the ability

of the water in the mud to hydrate the clays in the formation. Water based mud would be used for initial, shallower

sections where massive shales are not encountered. The deeper and difficult to drill formations would be drilled

using synthetic base mud (SBM). Synthetic base mud unlike oil-based mud (OBM) is biodegradable but can be re-

used. At the end of drilling a well almost the entire amount of the SBM is collected for re-use in next drilling

operation. SBM systems promote good hole cleaning and cuttings suspension properties. They also suppress gas

hydrate formation and exhibit improved conditions for well bore stability compared to most WBM. WBM typically

consists of water, bentonite, polymers and barite. Other chemical additives viz. glycols and salts may be used in

conjunction to mitigate potential problems related to hydrate formation. The mud would be used would be

continuously tested for its density, viscosity, yield point, water loss, pH value etc. The mud would be prepared onsite

(drill location) using centrifugal pumps, hoppers and treatment tanks.



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During drilling activity, cuttings would be generated due to crushing action of the drill bit. These cuttings would be

removed by pumping drilling fluid into the well via triplex mud pumps. The mud used during such operation would

flush out formation cuttings from the well hole. Cuttings would be then separated from drilling mud using solids-

control equipment. This would comprise a stepped system of processes consisting of linear motion vibrating

screens called shale shakers, hydro-cyclones (including de-sanders and de-silters), and centrifuges to

mechanically separate cuttings from the mud.

Flow chart for drilling mud & solid discharge is shown in Figure 11 and a typical view of drill cutting separation &

Treatment system is shown in Figure 12.

Figure 11. A Typical View of Drill Cuttings Separation & Treatment System



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Figure 12. Typical view of Drill Cuttings Separation & Treatment System

2.5.7 Cementing

Cementing is a necessary aspect of exploratory drilling oil and gas wells. Cement is used to fulfil the following

works:

• Secure/support casing strings

• Isolate zones for production purposes

2.5.8 Well Evaluation During the drilling operations for different zones, logging operations would be undertaken to get information on the

potential type and quantities of hydrocarbons present in the target formations. Technicians employed by a specialist

logging Service Company do well logging by different well logging techniques including electric, sonic and

radioactive techniques. Logging instruments (sensors) are attached to the bottom of a wire line and lowered to the

bottom of the well and they are then slowly brought back. No emissions to the environment or any environmental

harm is associated with wire line logging operations. The radioactive source required for well logging operations

would be kept in specially designed container.

A drill-stem test would be frequently performed to evaluate the formation or zone from which the gas show was

observed. A drill-stem test enables the exploration company to obtain a sample of the fluids and gases contained

in the formation or interval being tested as well as pressure information, which is determined by special gauges

within the test tool. The test tool contains a valve which may be opened and closed to allow formation fluids to enter

the test tool and drill string. If there is sufficient fluid and pressure within the zone being tested, the formation fluid

may rise to the surface and flow into special test tanks used for that purpose. If gas is present, it is burned at the

surface as a flare.

2.5.9 Hydraulic Fracturing – for Tight Rock Reservoirs of

Hydrocarbons Hydraulic fracturing is used in tight rock reservoirs with low permeability, such as shale (i.e, the conductivity or

ability of hydrocarbons to flow in the formation is low because of the small pore size in the rock). The goal of

hydraulic fracturing in tight reservoir (shale) formations is to enable a well to produce the resource or to increase



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the rate at which a well is able to produce the resource. Hydraulic fracturing may be conducted in wells with low

permeability formation and low pressure. Wells requiring hydraulic fracturing and numbers of stages of hydraulic

fracturing per well would depend on seismic data acquired & interpreted and data acquired during the drilling phase

of the project.

Hydraulic fracturing is a common technique used to stimulate the production of oil and natural gas by creating

fractures or cracks that extend from the well hole into the rock formations. This is accomplished by injecting fluid,

which is usually a mixture of water and high viscosity fluid additives, under extremely high pressure. The pressure

of the water would then exceed the strength of the rock, causing fractures to enlarge. After the fractures take place,

a “propping agent” known as proppant (which is usually sand) is injected into the fractures to keep them from

closing. This allows the hydrocarbon to move more efficiently from the rock to the well. A single well may require

up to 15,000 m3 of water which may vary depending on the fracking requirements. For the hydraulic fracturing in a

well, proppant mass of 150,000 – 200,000 lbs per stage and fluid volume of 2500 bbls – 4000 bbls per stage would

be required.

Fracturing effluent generated would be discharged in the HDPE lined pits at the drilling well sites. The effluent

would be treated for disposal and reuse to the extent possible

2.5.10 Well kick situation & Control measures

While drilling, if the formation pressure exceeds the hydrostatic pressure exerted by the drilling fluid, formation

fluids break out in to the well bore. This is called kick. Primary means of well control is to have sufficient over-

balance over formation pressure. For some reason if an unexpected over-pressurized formation is encountered

while drilling and if the well control situation arises, rig is equipped with equipment to control this situation. This set

of equipment is called “Blowout Preventers (BOP)”. Blow Out Preventer consists of, “Annular Preventer”, which

can generally close on any size or shape of tubular in the well bore and closes the annular space between drill

string and casing. Another type of blowout preventer is a “Ram Preventer”. Ram preventers are of two types i.e.,

Pipe Rams and Shear Rams. Pipe rams also close the annulus between drill string and casing, but they have a

fixed size. As such a specific pipe rams can be closed on a specific size of pipe. Shear rams are generally the last

choice of preventer would be operated as they shear drill string and shut off the well bore. After determining the

existing formation pressure and other geological complexities from the seismic data, appropriate BOP would be

used as per standard oil field guideline for the same.

All these preventers would be stacked in a sequence and such assembly of preventers is termed as BOP stack. A

typical BOP stack is illustrated in figure 13. Blowout prevention equipment would be installed, tested and operated

according to the well control procedures of Vedanta Limited (Division: Cairn Oil & Gas).



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Figure 13. Blow Out Preventer

2.5.11 Well Testing & Flaring

During the exploration and appraisal drilling, where a hydrocarbon formation is found, initial well tests (generally

about one month of duration) would be carried out to establish flow rates, formation pressure and other parameters.

However, depending on the need, based on nature of the reservoirs, the exploratory and appraisal wells would be

tested for longer/extended durations to ascertain the reservoir parameters. During the well testing, crude oil, natural

gas and produced water could be generated and would be treated and disposed appropriately. Hydrocarbons would

be flared. Efficient test flare burner would be used to minimize incomplete combustion. As an alternative option, if

feasible, crude oil/ slop oil would be transferred to nearby refinery (terminals/depots) for processing or would be

sent to authorized recyclers

2.6 Early Production When, exploratory drilling is successful, more wells (termed as Appraisal wells) would be drilled to determine the

size and the extent of the field. Wells drilled to quantify the hydrocarbon reserves found are called as ‘appraisal’

wells. The appraisal activity would be carried out with an aim to evaluate the size and nature of the reservoir, to

determine the number of confirming or appraisal wells required, and whether any further seismic survey is

necessary. The technical procedures and activities in appraisal drilling would be the same as those employed for



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exploration wells. A number of wells may be drilled from a single well pad/ drill site. Deviated or directional drilling

at an angle from a site adjacent to the original discovery well may be used to appraise other parts of the

reservoir, in order to reduce the land requirement

2.6.1 Drilling of Appraisal wells When, exploratory drilling is successful, more wells (termed as Appraisal wells) would be drilled to determine the

size and the extent of the field. Wells drilled to quantify the hydrocarbon reserves found are called as ‘appraisal’

wells. The appraisal activity would be carried out with an aim to evaluate the size and nature of the reservoir, to

determine the number of confirming or appraisal wells required, and whether any further seismic survey is

necessary. The technical procedures and activities in appraisal drilling would be the same as those employed for

exploration wells. A number of wells may be drilled from a single well pad/ drill site. Deviated or directional drilling

at an angle from a site adjacent to the original discovery well may be used to appraise other parts of the reservoir,

in order to reduce the land requirement.

2.6.2 Early Production Units (EPUs)/ Quick Production units

(QPUs): Early Production Units (EPUs) or Quick Production Units (QPUs) would be installed for the processing of produced

well fluid. A EPU/ QPU would be a packaged/ modular mobile unit and would mainly consists of a heater-treater

separator or a production heater followed with a three phase separator, electrostatic coalescer, oil storage tanks,

oil tanker loading system, produced water separation and disposal system, power generation (GEG or DG), test

separator skid, utility systems such as fuel gas, flare, Inst. Air package, diesel storage, firefighting equipment, etc.

A QPF would be designed for a capacity of 2,000 BLPD (Barrels of liquid per Day) with water cut variation from 0

– 50 vol%. Typical process Flow of QPU/EPU is presented in the Figure 14.

Produced well fluid from one or more successful exploratory/ appraisal wells would be gathered & sent to heater-

treater separator skid for primary separation & heating purpose. Gathered produced fluid would be heated &

degassed in heater-treater separator skid operating at ~2.5 – 3 Barg and ~70 – 800C and separated in to gas, oil

and water streams. The separated produced (associated) gas would be either routed to fuel gas system or to flare

depending on the quantity and richness of produced (associated) gas. In case of sufficient quantity of produced

gas, a part of the produced gas would be used for power generation using gas engine generator (GEG), for firing

in heater-treater separator skid and for blanketing & purging purpose. The surplus gas post internal consumption

(if any) would be routed to flare for safe atmospheric discharge.

Separated oil from heater-treater separator skid would be sent to electrostatic coalescer separator (if needed,

based on oil properties) to separate the residual water and achieve BS&W specifications. The treated crude oil

from electrostatic coalescer separator would be sent to oil storage tanks. From oil storage tanks, oil will be pumped

& loaded in to road tanker using the tanker loading facility for evacuation of crude oil to the nearby available facilities

like terminals/ depots of consumers.

Separated produced water (PW) from heater-treater separator skid will be sent to degasser vessel operating at low

pressure. The evolved HC gases from degasser vessel will be routed to flare for safe disposal and the degassed

water sent to PW treatment package.

The PW treatment package will consists of a compact flotation unit or other equivalent gas floatation based de-

oiling (oil removal) system and a filtration system. The treated water from PW treated skid will be stored in PW

storage tanks. The produced water will be treated to achieve MoEF/ CPCB/ SPCB specifications (discharge

standards) and will be disposed off. The treated effluent (i.e. produced water) will be disposed-off using either a

nearby down hole disposal well (by reinjection in abandoned well) or other available and suitable onshore disposal

medium or solar/ mechanical evaporators depending on the quantity and feasibility.

The power requirement will be met through either state electricity grid and/ or installation of Diesel/ Gas Engine

Generator(s) using produced gas. If produced gas is sufficient quantity, then power generation using produced gas

will be preferred.

Along with above processing facility, a well test separator skid will be installed at pad. It will be used for well testing

purpose. Well under testing will be routed to test separator skid. The separated gas, oil & water will be sent back

to inlet of heater-treater separator skid for further processing. Quick production set-up will have following utility

systems & infrastructure for supporting the operations.



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• Wells with selected artificial lift and flow lines

• Fuel gas system consisting of filters & a super-heater

• Instrument Air package or Instrument as system

• Chemical dosing packages i.e. corrosion inhibitor, de-mulsifier & scale inhibitor etc.

• Elevated flare system or enclosed ground flare or ground flare

• Closed drain system, storm water drain system

• Fresh water storage

• Diesel storage

• Power generation (GEG and / or DG)

• Firefighting equipment

• Domestic sewage treatment facility (STP or septic tank & soak pit system);


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Source: Vedanta Limited (division Cairn Oil & Gas)


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2.7 Completion of Drilling On completion of activities, the well would be either plugged and suspended (if the well evaluations indicate

commercial quantities of hydrocarbons) or would be killed and permanently abandoned. In the event of a decision

to suspend the well, it would be filled with a brine solution containing very small quantities of inhibitors to protect

the well. The well would be sealed with cement plugs and some of the wellhead equipment (Blind Flange) would

be left on the surface (Cellar). If the well is abandoned it would be sealed with a series of cement plugs, all the

wellhead equipment would be removed, by leaving the surface clear of any debris and the site would be restored.

2.8 Well Decommissioning After the completion of the drilling activity, partial de-mobilization of the drilling rig and associated infrastructure

would be initiated. As discussed earlier, well testing may be carried out immediately after the drilling is completed.

The complete de-mobilization of the facilities at site would happen once well-testing completed successfully. This

would involve the dismantling of the rig, all associated equipment and the residential camp, and transporting it out

of the project area. It is expected that demobilization would take approximately 20-25 days and would involve the

trucking away of materials, equipment and other materials from the site to bring it back to its original condition. It is

estimated that about 50 truckloads would be transported out of site during this period. If no indication of any

commercially viable amount of oil or gas is encountered either before or after testing, the well would be declared

dry and accordingly would be plugged of and abandoned, and the site would be restored in line with regulations

and good industry practice.

2.9 Utilities & Resource Requirements, Associated

Facilities

2.9.1 Liquid Mud Plant (LMP) The Liquid Mud Plant (LMP) would be located at suitable locations of the fields to prepare drilling mud for the drilling

operations. It is estimated around 3 – 5 LMP’s would be set-up at any a given point of time for the proposed drilling

operations. All the tanks, equipment’s, civil works, pumps, mud laboratory with testing equipment along with the

mud waste disposal pits would be constructed within a single location.

The entire LMP area would be provided with containment area and with facilities for fork lift movement and

transportation of solid waste skips. The area would be designed to facilitate tanks for SBM mixing/ storage, tanks

of base oil storage and another tanks for brine mixing/storage. These tanks are interconnected with piping and

manifold with mixing hoppers, pumps connections, centrifuges connection with complete mud conditioning set-up,

loading-unloading piping/hoses connections.

The Mud Plant area would be surrounded with a containment boundary wall. All the liquid transferred from the LMP

to the drilling site would be through road tankers. For power supply requirement DG sets would be required with

one operational and one standby.

The LMP would have water storage tanks, bunk houses for operating office and site laboratory, dry chemical

storage area in paved surface, truck loading and unloading area with parking facility, cranes & forklifts maintenance

and parking facility, septic tank with soak pits, DG area, diesel storage area and power distribution panel & facility.

2.9.2 Accommodation & Camp Site Drilling camp sites would be set-up within the vicinity of the drilling sites to allow for easy movement of the crew

between the camp and the drilling sites. The camp site would generally comprise of transportable container cabins

(portable cabin) of 20 feet and 40 feet size to provide accommodation to operational crew. Each cabin would house

2 to 4 persons. A typical view of Vedanta Limited. (Division Cairn Oil & Gas)’s camp site has been presented in

Figure 15 below. Toilet facilities would be built as part of the accommodation unit. The sewage lines from the units

would be connected through a pipeline system to a septic tank and soak pit system. Additionally, there would be

dedicated cabins to serve as kitchen, cold storage, dining area, recreation area, laundry etc.


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Figure 14. Typical View of Camp Site

2.9.3 Approach and Internal Roads

The approach road to drill sites will be constructed and/or existing roads will be strengthened for movement of

construction machinery, drilling rig, material supply vehicles, passenger vehicles etc. depending on the location of

drill site. In general, it is intended to make the maximum use of the existing road infrastructure.

2.9.4 Water Storage Pit

The water storage pit contains the water used for preparing drilling fluid and domestic purpose. Provision for

additional water storage will be kept in case multi-stage fracturing is planned.

2.9.5 Chemical Storage Area

The chemicals to be used in preparing mud will be stored on a paved platform with kerb walls and protected against

weather by an impervious covering. All the storage areas will be identified with labelling and sign boards. Material

Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) shall be maintained for all chemicals that are stored and handled at the drill site. The

storage area will be provided with adequate number of fire extinguishers.

2.9.6 Spent Drilling Fluid Disposal Pits

All wastewater from the drilling operations will be collected in the drilling fluid storage pit. The wastewater in this

storage pits will be recycled and reused during drilling phase. The residual wastewater will be sent to solar

evaporation pit for treatment. The pits will be lined with HDPE sheet and the overlaps welded together with the

edges bought over the rim and tucked into the cement mortar / bund soil.

2.9.7 Drill Cutting Disposal (impervious lined) Pit

While recycling the mud, the drill cutting will be separated through shale shaker, which will be disposed off to cutting

disposal pit. It will be HDPE lined to avoid contamination of land and groundwater. The pit will be soil bunded lined

to prevent any overflow to the surroundings.

2.9.8 Flare Pit (well testing)

To conduct ground flaring, all the sites will have a flaring pit with adequate burner. The flare pit will be made up of

RCC / brick lining and are located preferably 90 degrees to the predominant wind direction. The location of the pit

also depends on the entry to the site from the adjacent road side, processing units or tanks.

FIGURE 2-14: TYPICAL VIEW OF CAMP SITE


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2.9.9 Flare Stack

A flare system consists of the flare stack or boom and pipes which collect the gases to be flared. The flare tip at

the end of the stack or boom is designed to assist entrainment of air into the flare to improve burn efficiency. Seals

installed in the stack prevent flashback of the flame, and a vessel at the base of the stack removes and conserves

any liquids from the gas passing to the flare.

• For effective flaring document “Oil & Gas drilling and extraction industry” June 2006 will be followed.

• Standard flare design - An efficient test flare burner head equipped with a combustion enhancement

system will be selected to minimize incomplete combustion, black smoke, and hydrocarbon fallout.

Volumes of hydrocarbons flared will be recorded.

• Location and height of the flare stack based on maximum ground level concentration criteria & maximum

radiation intensity exposure criteria

• Flare stack- Minimum physical height of stack should be 30 m from ground level. Only in those situations

and or locations where elevated flares are not technical feasible, then ground flaring may be resorted to,

such as when there is a crop cultivation / vegetation in the vicinity of the well pad or / and where flared

gas volume is <0.5 MMSCFD (due to this low volume, sometimes elevated flare gets extinguished in

presence of wind)

2.9.10 Diesel Storage Tank The fuel (diesel) would be received in bulk quantity through tankers and would be stored in above ground steel

diesel tanks. The tank area is generally provided with secondary containment of adequate capacity to control any

accidental leaks.

2.9.11 Waste Storage Hazardous wastes generated from drilling activities such as used oil from pumps and machinery, empty chemical

and fuel barrels, contaminated oil rags and soil etc would be collected and stored in a designated storage area.

The storage area would have paved flooring, containment bund and roof. Waste oil from pumps and machinery

would be collected and stored in used oil barrels and would be kept in a designated storage area. The contaminated

soil and cotton rags would be disposed of at approved secured Land fill as per the legal provision. Used oil would

be disposed off through recyclers/ re-processors registered with the Central Pollution Control Board and authorized

by State Pollution Control Board.

2.9.12 Storm Water Drainage System

Adequate drain will be provided all around the drilling site to prevent runoff of any oil containing waste water into

the nearby natural drainage area. The storm water drain shall be provided with oil trap and the collected water shall

be sent to storm water pit.

2.9.13 Sewage Treatment Plant (STP)

Mobile Modular STP of capacity 30 m3/day for treatment of sewage and sullage Water generated within the well

pad limits. Each well site and camp site will have toilets which will be provided with septic tanks and soak pit

arrangement. To cater to about people that will stay in the camps site, adequately sized septic tanks and soak pits

will be provided.

2.9.14 Raw Material Requirement

Maximum care will be taken for resource optimization, wherever possible with an aim of

• Resource Conservation

• Elimination of Waste Streams

• Minimizing Waste

• Reuse/recycle of Wastes


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• The drill cuttings from the drilling operations associated with water-based mud will be used for filling low

lying areas as a sub grade construction material in construction of well pads, etc.

• Synthetic base mud will be re-used in further drilling activities

Raw Material Required for Drilling During drilling activities, materials like HSD, Steel (in the form of casings & tubulars) and chemicals like barite, oil

well cement and bentonite will be required. Other production equipment like tubular (Casing and tubings), wellhead

assembly, packer etc, and chemicals for mud and cementing required for the drilling operations and shall be

procured by the company from within the country and from abroad before the commencement of operations.

Water based mud will be used for initial, shallower sections where massive shales are not encountered. The deeper

and difficult to drill formations will be drilled using synthetic base mud (SBM). Synthetic based mud can be re-used.

WBM typically consists of water, bentonite, polymers and barite. Other chemical additives viz. glycols and salts

may be used in conjunction to mitigate potential problems related to hydrate formation.

• Requirement WBM (approx.) 800-1000 m3/well

• Requirement SBM (approx.) 600-800 m3/well

The role of the mud in pressure control is especially important. If the drill bit penetrates a formation containing oil,

gas or water under pressure these fluids are prevented from flowing into the borehole by ensuring that the drilling

mud is of sufficient density to the natural formation pressures. The density of the mud can be increased by the

addition of barite weighting material. Bentonite is employed to improve the theological properties and enable the

drill cuttings to be transported from the hole while drilling and also be suspended in the fluid while the drill bit is

being changed. The barite used in the drilling mud would be as per American Petroleum Institute (API) standard

specifications.

Power Requirement

Drilling Operations The power requirement in the drilling site and the campsites will be provided through diesel generator

(DG) sets. The rated capacity of the DG sets required for onshore drilling site is provided in the Table

2.3.

Table 2.3 Details of DG Sets of Onshore Drilling Activity

S. No. Location DG Capacity

1. Camp site 2x350 KVA (Including one as standby)

2. Drilling site 3x1000 KVA (Including one as standby)

3. Radio Room 2X 100 KVA (Including one as standby)

Early Production

1 Gas Engine Generator (GEG) 1 MW output

2 DG for Emergency purpose 1 x 500 KVA

Source: Vedanta Limited (Division: Cairn Oil & Gas)

Water Requirement

Drilling

Water consumption during drilling and testing of wells will be 102 m3 per day. Total 72 m3 per day fresh

water will be required for drilling activities and 30 m3 per day freshwater will be used for domestic

purposes including drinking, washings and domestic use. Wells will be drilled either water-based mud

or synthetic based mud. The water requirement in drilling rig is mainly meant for preparation of drilling

mud apart from washing and domestic use. The water requirement for all the project activities would be

sourced locally through approved/authorized sources of surface water and/or ground water (e.g. PHD

bore wells, privately owned bore wells, irrigation Department/water resources Dept. of State Govt.). In

case of unavailability of water from approved sources, required water would be extracted after obtaining

permission from CGWA/State Govt.

Quick production unit/Early production unit

Approximately, 20 m3 per day water would be required for domestic use in QPU/EPU.


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The water requirement per well is shown in Table 2.4. Water balance diagram is presented in figure 16.

Table 2.4 Water Requirement

Description Quantity(m3)/day

Total Water Requirement for Drilling 72

Total water Requirement for Domestic Use 30

Total Water requirement during early production stage 15-18

Source: Vedanta Limited (Division: Cairn Oil & Gas)


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Figure 15. Water Balance for Drilling Phase of the Oil and Gas Exploration

2.9.15 Fuel Consumption

Fuel consumed during the drilling phase will mainly be diesel (HSD) used for various equipment and vehicles

operating to transport goods and supplies to site.

During the drilling phase of High-Speed Diesel will be required. Fuel will be supplied onsite by local supplier

through mobile tankers. Out of this, a major part approximately 85% will be consumed by the rig (also include the

DG sets) and about 15% will be required for the campsite.

2.9.16 Manpower / Employment

Most of the workforce will be from local/nearby area. During the site preparation for drilling, approximately 30-35

workmen will be employed per drill site. During the drilling phase, about 50 workmen per shift will be working on

site. This will include technical experts, who will be responsible for various drilling related activities and some

technical manpower. It is anticipated that, at any given time, there will be about 80 - 100 personnel working on site

including technical staff, drilling crew, security staff etc.

2.9.17 Drilling Hazards

Loss of well control / blow-out, fire, explosion and oil spills are the major potential hazards associated with drilling

for oil and gas. Effective response plans to foreseeable emergencies will be developed by Cairn Oil and Gas and

communicated to the project teams. The quantitative risk assessment to be carried out as part of this EIA will also


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contribute towards identification of hazards, risks and formulating management plans for emergency response,

blowout, oil spills.

2.9.18 Pollution Sources and Characterization

The various types of pollution from the proposed exploratory drilling operations are:

• Noise and Vibration;

• Air Emission;

• Liquid waste and

• Solid and Hazardous waste generation

Exhaust gases from DG sets, noise from the drilling operations, wastewater, drilling wastes are the major types of

the pollutants generated during the proposed drilling operations which is a temporary activity lasting for maximum

of 4- 5 months at each of the well locations.

Noise and Vibrations Noise will be generated during various phases of the project, site preparation, drilling and decommissioning of

wells. The major noise generating operations from the proposed activity are drilling operations, diesel generators,

mud circulation pumps and movement of vehicles. Noise during the site preparatory phase will primarily be

contributed by heavy construction machinery operating on site and vehicular sources. The noise generation work

however is transient and limited to the drilling period only. The diesel generators would be provided with acoustic

enclosures to comply with the regulatory requirements. Average noise emission ranges for different types of

machineries and vehicles is shown in Table 2.5 and Table 2.6 respectively.

As drilling activity is continuous, part of the noise associated with functioning of the rig and ancillaries will be

generated throughout day and night.

Table 2.5 Typical Noise Emissions from Construction Machinery

Equipment Sound Level at Operator (in decibels)

Average Range

Earth Moving Equipment

Front End Loader 88.0 85-91

Back Hoe 86.5 79-89

Bull Dozer 96.0 89-103

Roller 90.0 79-93

Truck 96.0 89-103

Material Handling Equipment

Concrete Mixer <85.0 -

Crane/Hydra <85.0 -

Derrick 100 97-102

Source: British Columbia, “Construction Noise,” Workers Compensation Board of BC

Table 2.6 Drilling Rig and Equipment Noise Level

Equipment Equivalent Noise Level in db (A)

Average Range

Drilling Rig 96.9 88.0-103.0

Mud Pumps 76.9 73.3 -80.5

Diesel Generators 72.7 71.8-73.7

Shale Shakers 76.6 -


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Air Emissions

Exhaust emissions are expected from diesel generators to be used for the operation of drilling activities. Emissions

are also expected from flaring of gases during testing/extended testing of exploratory and appraisal wells. Vehicular

emissions are likely to occur during the transportation of materials, equipment and workforce. The principal air

pollutants will comprise of Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM), Sulphur and Nitrogen oxides (SO2 and NO2) and

other hydrocarbons (HC).

Additionally, the flaring and burning of oil during the testing of the well will also lead to the release of some pollutants

including un-burnt hydrocarbons to the atmosphere. Some fugitive emissions of dust and air pollutants from

vehicular exhaust will also happen during the project lifecycle, mostly during the operation and decommissioning

activities. Additionally, there will be re-entrainment of dust from the approach road leading to the site mainly during

the dry season.

The following pollution prevention and control measures will be adopted-

• Air emission specifications will be considered during all equipment selection and procurement.

• The associated gas stream will be routed to an efficient flare system.

Liquid Waste

The drilling operation would generate wastewater in the form of wash water due to washing of equipment, string

and cuttings etc. The only other source of wastewater generated from drilling operation is sewage from sanitation

facilities. Around 15 to 25 m3/day/well of wastewater would be generated, which will be treated in modular Sewage

Treatment Plant (STP) and the treated water will be used for dust suppression, green belt, etc. It is expected that

wastewater in the form of Drill cutting washing + Rig washing+ cooling etc shall be generated at an average rate

of around 30 to 40 m3/day/well during the drilling operations from a single well. Waste water will be discharged in

HDPE lined evaporation pit for disposal. The wash water would contain variable quantities of mineral salts, solids,

suspended and dissolved hydrocarbons, and other organic and inorganic components in very minor quantities.

The drilling wash wastewater will be treated prior to discharge to comply with the regulatory standards. Treated

effluent (PW) will be disposed off on the suitable onshore disposal medium or solar/mech. evaporators depending

on feasibility. The quantity of wastewater generation and anticipated disposal methods is given in Table 2.7.

Table 2.7 Waste Water Generated During Drilling and their Disposal

Wastewater Quantity Disposal

Drilling wash wastewater 30-40 m3/day/well The wastewater will be adequately

treated in an Effluent Treatment Plant

(ETP) to ensure conformance to the

CPCB onshore oil and gas extraction

industry effluent standards or disposal

through solar evaporetion

Domestic Wastewater 15-25 m3/day/well The domestic wastewater will be treated

in mobile Sewage Treatment Plant and

the treated water will be used for dust

suppression, green belt, etc.

During Early Production

Solid and Hazardous Waste The different solid and hazardous waste water generated during project and their mode of disposal has been

presented in Table 2.8.

Table 2.8 Waste Water Generated during and Mode of Disposal

Waste Type Quantity Mode of Disposal

Domestic Waste 25 – 30 kg

per day/well

Will be stored in compost pits on daily basis.


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Waste Type Quantity Mode of Disposal

Drill Cuttings associated with WBM

250-750 tons/ well

Cuttings will be washed and contained in cuttings disposal area (HDPE lined collection pit) provided per the requirement of HWMHTM, 2016 Rules

Drill Cuttings associated with SBM

500-1500 tons/well

Cuttings will be washed and contained in cuttings disposal area (HDPE lined collection pit) provided per the requirement of HWMHTM, 2016 Rules

Spent/Residual Drilling Mud

250-500 tons/ well The mud will be disposed as per Hazardous Waste Rules, 2016

Sludge containing oil & other drilling wastes

250-500 tons/ well The oil contaminated sludge will disposed as per Hazardous Waste Rules, 2016

Used oil 1-2 tons/wel Used oil will be sent CPCB authorized recyclers.

Non-combustible waste containing metallic residues

1000-1200 kg/well To be analysed for the trace/heavy metals content before disposing suitably

Left over chemicals and materials, scrap metal

250 - 500 kg/well

Scrap metal and recoverable material to the salvages before dispose of balance material through the registered vendors

Cement, grit, blasting and painting wastes

500 - 600 kg/well To be disposed of their registered vendors on periodic basis.

2.9.19 Pollution Prevention Control Measures at Design Stage

Vedanta Limited. (Division Cairn Oil & Gas) will include necessary pollution prevention control measures in the

well pad designing stage. Basic provision for pollution prevention control measures will be as follows:

• Liquid Mud Plant - The Mud Plant area will be surrounded with a containment boundary wall. All the liquid

transferred from the LMP to the drilling site will be through road tankers.

• Chemical Storage Area -The chemicals to be used in preparing mud will be stored on a paved platform with

kerb walls and protected against weather by an impervious covering. The storage area will be provided with

adequate number of fire extinguishers.

• Spent Drilling Fluid Disposal Pits - Spent drilling fluid will be recycled and reused during drilling phase. The

residual wastewater will be sent to solar evaporation pit for natural solar drying. The pits will be lined with

HDPE sheet and the overlaps welded together with the edges bought over the rim and tucked into the

cement mortar / bund soil.

• Drill Cutting Disposal -Drill Cuttings would be disposed of in lined pitsto avoid contamination of land and

groundwater. The pit will be soil bunded and HDPE lined to prevent any overflow to the surroundings.

• Flare Pit (well testing) - To conduct ground flaring, all the sites will have a flaring pit with adequate burner.

The flare pit will be made up of RCC / brick lining and are located preferably 90 degrees to the wind

direction.

• Diesel Storage Tank - The tank area will be provided with secondary containment (dykewalls)of adequate

capacity to control any accidental leaks.

• Waste/ Lubricating Oil Storage - The storage area will have paved flooring, containment bund and roof.

Waste oil from pumps and machinery will be collected and stored in used oil barrels and shall be kept in a

designated storage area.


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• Storm Water Drainage System - A garland drain will be provided all around the drilling site to prevent runoff

of any oil containing waste into the nearby area. The storm water drain shall be provided with oil trap and

the collected water shall be sent to storm water pit.

• Spill Containment System - Containment systems and oil traps will be provided to trap any spillage of oil at

the drilling site. All potential sources of spillage will be equipped with drip pans in order to contain spills.

• Mobile STP - Each well site and camp site will have toilets which will be provided with modular STP for

treatment of sewage generated within the well facility.

2.10 Project Cost Vedanta Limited (Division Cairn Oil and Gas) has planned to carry out the proposed project activities in the RJ-

ONHP-2017/1 Block over a period of 10-12 years. The estimated project cost is Rs. 790 Crore.


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3. Description of the Environment This chapter describes the prevailing baseline environmental settings study area including RJ-ONHP-2017/1 Block

and its close vicinity. This includes the physical environment comprising air, water and land components, the

biological environment, and socio-economic environment.

Attributes of the physical environment like air, water, soil quality and noise level in the surrounding area were

assessed primarily through monitoring and analysis of samples collected from field. Ambient Air, traffic and ambient

noise, surface and ground water and soil primary monitoring was carried out by Edward Food Research and

Analysis Centre (EFRAC) (a NABL certified laboratory) during summer season (March to May) of 2019 under

supervision of different Functional area expert of AECOM

Information about geology, hydrology, past records of natural hazards like floods, earthquakes etc. have been

collected from literature reviews, IMD sources and authenticated information made available by government

departments.

Surveys were carried out to understand and record the biological environment prevailing in the area and the same

was verified against published information and literature. The socio-economic environment has been studied

through consultations with various stakeholders in the villages within the RJ-ONHP-2017/1 Block. Additionally,

demography data have been obtained from the Census of India 2011district reports.

3.1 Study area RJ-ONHP-2017/1 is laying between 25° 28' to 25° 10’ latitude and 71° 30' to 71° 38' longitude. Block is located in

a flat terrain with average elevation ranging from 47 to 100 meter from mean sea level. Study area has been

delineated on the basis of the guideline provided in approved ToR provided by MoEF&CC and it is comprise of 10

kilometers radius of the RJ-ONHP-2017/1 Block.

3.2 Physiography and Geology RJ- ONHP-2017/1 Block is located in Barmer district of Rajasthan (100% coverage).

3.2.1 Physiography

Barmer District Barmer is located in the western part of the state forming a part of the Thar Desert. The district borders Jaisalmer

district in the north, Jalore district in the south, Pali district and Jodhpur district in the east, and Pakistan in the west.

Apart from a small offshoot of the Aravalli hills in the east, the area is a vast sand covered tract with substratum of

gneiss, hornblende and quartz, which here and there rises up through the sand, in one instances to a height of

about 243 to 304 metres. In the extreme north and west, the sandy plain is broken by sand hills called tibias which

sometimes rise to a height of 91 to 122 metres. This area is dreary and inhospitable and forms part of Thar Desert.

The highest peak in the district is the Chhappan-ka-Pahar in Siwana tehsil, which is about 973 metres above the

sea-level.

The only river of any consequence is the Luni (Salt river), which rises in the hills south-west of Ajmer City, After

flowing through Nagaur, Pali and, Jodhpur districts it enters this district near village Rampur in Pachpadra tehsil

and flows westward till just beyond Tilwara where it alters course to south-west in the years of heavy rains which,

however, are rare, the river overflows (known as Rel) when crops of wheat, gram and barley become possible.

After flowing into Jalor district, it finally loses itself in marshy ground at the head of the Rann of Kutch. Another river

is Sukri which enters Barmer tehsil of the district from Jalor district, flows through a small portion of the district and

then joins the river Luni near Samdari. Other rivers of the district are Mitri and Sukri.

3.2.2 Geology

Geologically, the Barmer district is underlain by intrusive rocks at the basement (Post Delhi formation) consisting

of Jalor and Siwana granite & Malani rhyolite and granite followed by Mesozoic and Tertiary formations consisting


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of sandstone, shale, conglomerate. Rocks of Mesozoic era are comprised of Lathi series of Jurassic and Abur

series of Cretaceous period. Tertiaries consist of Akali and Kapurdi series of Eocene period. These formations are

overlain by Pleistocene to recent alluvium consisting mainly of clay, sand and silt. Most part of the district is covered

by desert sand and sand dunes. The rock formation occupies the area in patches. The Malani igneous suits of

rocks are most extensive & are oldest in the area, consist of volcanic rocks, rhyolites granites & associated intrusive

like basic dykes aplites & quartz veins. Besides these igneous rocks other rocks exposed in the area are sandstone

belonging to Lathi, Fatehgarh & Mandai formation, Akli & Kapurdi formations constituted by bentonite. Geological

and Geomorphological map of Barmer district is presented Figure 16


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Figure 16. Geology and Geomorphological Maps of Barmer District

Source: Hydrogeological Atlas of Rajasthan, Barmer District, 2013


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3.3 Hydrogeology The main water bearing formations in the Barmer district are rhyolites and granites of post Delhi; Lathi sandstone,

Tertiary sandstone and Quaternary alluvium. In Quaternary alluvium, ground water occurs under semi confined to

unconfined conditions. In semi consolidated Tertiary and Mesozoic formations, it occurs under unconfined to

confined conditions and in weathered and fractured zones in hard rocks under phreatic conditions. Though ground

water occurs in all the formations but the most productive aquifers are the Lathi sandstone, Barmer sandstone and

Quaternary sediments. The Tertiary formation, which is predominantly clayey and argillaceous, is not found as

productive except locally in the sandstone horizon. In general, the fractured and weathered zones in hard rocks

form poor aquifers. Hydrogeological map of Barmer District is presented in Figure 17 and Figure 18.

As reported by CGWB, during pre-monsoon, shallow water level varying in depth from 4.90 to 36.18 mbgl existed

in Baetu, Balotra and Siwana blocks. Deeper water levels from 52.59 to 70.95 mbgl were recorded in Barmer,

Chohtan, Dhorimanna, Sheo and Sindhari blocks.

During post monsoon, shallow water levels ranging in depth from 4.00 to 38.07 mbgl were observed in Baetu,

Balotra and Siwana blocks. Deeper water levels from 52.99 to 71.50 mbgl depth were registered in Barmer,

Chohtan, Dhorimanna, Sheo and Sindhari blocks. Pre and Post Monsoon depth to water level map of Barmer

district is shown in Figure 17 and Figure 18 respectively.

Figure 17. Depth to Water level (Pre Monsson- May 2011)


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Source: Central Ground Water Board, Ministry of Water Resources, Government of India

Figure 18. Depth to Water level (Post Monsson- Nov 2011)


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Figure 19. Figure 20. Hydrogeological map of Barmer District



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3.4 Topography The general topography is plain with undulating terrains and sand dunes of varied heights and lengths. RJ-

ONHP-2017/1Block is located in the Barmer District (100% coverage. Barmer District comes under the Great

Indian Desert. In the eastern part of the district and to the west of Barmer city, exposures of hill ranges are seen

is trending east –west direction. The district is a vast sandy tract. The general topographic elevation in the district

is between 164m to 342m above mean sea level (msl). Generally, the terrain slopes westwards. Elevation map

given in Figure 20


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Figure 20. Elevation map of the block


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Figure 21. Topographical Map and Rainfall Distribution Map



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3.5 Drainage Geographically, the area as a whole forms a part of the Great Indian Desert. Apart from a small offshoot of the

Aravalli hills in the east, the area is a vast sandy tract. The country west of Luni River represents sandy plain dotted

with bold hills. A well-defined valley is observed along Barmer-Gadra road to the east of Kharin. Pachpadra,

Sanwarla and Thob are the major salt lakes in the district. A salt lake locally called Rann is located east of Redana

village. The surface elevation of the district varies from 70 above mean sea level (mamsl) at Sindhari to 457 mamsl

at Ghonia village. The only major drainage course in the area is Luni River, which flows from Samdari, passing

through Balotra. The river is ephemeral, flowing only in response to heavy precipitation. In the year of drought there

is no run off.

Drainage Map of RJ-ONHP-2017/1 Block is presented in Figure 22


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Figure 22. Drainage Map of the Block

3.6 Vulnerability of the Site A natural disaster during the life cycle of the project can have a significant effect on the functioning of the project

in addition to affecting the local environment in the area and stressing the availability of resources for the project.

Such disasters also sometimes create difficulties in access through disruption of transportation links.

Seismicity & Flood hazard zonation of the area As per Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) map, Rajasthan falls in Zones II (low risk), III (moderate risk) and IV (high

risk). As per the Earthquake Zones map shown below, Block RJ- ONHP-2017/1 falls under high (Zone IV) and

moderate (Zone III) risk zones. Earthquake Zone Map of Rajasthan is presented in Figure 23.


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Figure 23. Seismic zone map

Source: Disaster Management, Relief & Civil Defense Department, Govt. of Rajasthan

Floods The desert district of Barmer has experienced flood situation for 6 years. The flood occurred during alternate years

from 1988 to 1994, i.e. 1988, 1990, 1992 and 1994 when the rainfall was above the average rainfall by 111.5,

105.1, 35.2 and 37.5 percent respectively. Year 2003 and 2006 experienced severe floods and the rainfall exceeded

91.8 and 145.1 percent respectively from the average rainfall mark.

The erratic and heavy rainfall in 2006 turned a large part of the deep desert country into a vast submerged

landscape. Barmer District, Thar Desert, Rajasthan has an average rainfall of 280 mm annually, but during the

monsoon of 2006 it received about 600 mm of rain within 2–3 days. Several hamlets and small villages were wiped

out after the 19–21 August rains. The region experienced one of the worst floods in a hundred years.

The damage was grave in different villages of Barmer District, specially Kawas, Malva and Bhadaka, with a

combined population of about 10,000. These villages were submerged under water for more than 4–5 months.

There were also reports of large-scale damage to houses and property and about 47,000 cattle have perished in

the floods. Some areas of Kawas village remain submerged under 3–4 ft of water even 7 months after the rains. A

thick layer of gypsum in Kawas, the worst hit area in the district, prevented the floodwaters from percolating, as

there were thick layers of clay – bentonite and fuller’s earth (Tertiary) and gypsite (Quaternary) at a depth of about

1–1.5 ft in the area. To drain this water is a major problem.

Poorly planned and rapid urbanisation has increased Barmer's vulnerability to flash flooding. The local ecology and

soil type is not equipped to deal with sudden or excessive water accumulation, which causes short- and long-term

damage. Other areas suffer the gradual effects of ‘invisible disasters’, which also threaten the lives and livelihoods

of the locals. Flood zone map of Rajasthan is present in Figure 24.


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Figure 24. Flood zone map

Source: Disaster Management, Relief & Civil Defense Department, Govt. of Rajasthan

Draught There have been 11 instances of drought years in the Barmer district, with 4 severe drought years. The severe

drought years were 1986, 1987, 1991 and 2002 with average annual rainfall 71.7, 82.9, 68.8 and 75.8 percent

below the average respectively. It can be seen that 1980-1981, 1985-1987 and 1999-2000 are consecutive and

1987, 1989 and 1991 are alternate drought years of the district. As per the Disaster Management, Relief & Civil

Defence Department, Rajasthan, Barmer & Jalore is classified as district with draught recurrence as ‘once in 3

year’. Drought frequency map of Rajasthan is presented in Figure 25


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Figure 25. Draught Frequency Map of Rajasthan

3.7 Land use/Land Cover The objective of assessing the land use details of the area is to know the existing land use pattern of the area and

understand how the land can be used for the proposed development activities in the study area. It also enables to

envisage the scenario emerging due to the increase in demand for land with increase in population and the impacts

arising due to the interface with various project activities.

Land use Pattern in the Study Area The block area comprises of fellow Land, agricultural land, scrub land, forest land, salt waste dry land,

river/canals/streams and settlement. The detail of land use pattern in the study area is given Table 3.1 and Figure

26.


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Figure 26. Land Use/Land cover Map of the Block

It is observed that, major landuse pattern of Block RJ-ONHP-2017/01 is fallow land, which is covering 59.00%,

followed by scrub land 25.20% area of the study area. Besides scrub and fallow land, other land uses which are

observed in the study area are forest land, agricultural land, settlement and River. Land use and land cover map

of RJ-ONHP-2017/1 is presented in Figure 27.

Table 3.1 Land Use of the Block

Presents pie chart for land use coverage in the block area is given below-

LANDUSE AND LANDCOVER AREA OF RJ-ONHP-2017/1

RIVER SETTLEMENT FOREST LAND

SCRUB LAND FALLOW LAND AGRICULTURAL LAND

Land Use Area (In Sq.Km.) Percentage

RIVER 0.719 0.13

SETTLEMENT 1.335 0.25

FOREST LAND 7.533 1.39

SCRUB LAND 137.213 25.23

FALLOW LAND 320.839 59.00

AGRICULTURAL LAND 76.145 14.00

Total 543.78524 100.00


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Figure 27. Land use coverage in the Block

3.8 Climate & Meteorology

3.8.1 Temperature

In Barmer , the hot season attains its highest value in May which begins by March when the temperature begins to

rise rapidly. The district witnesses’ intense heat and heat waves intensify summers in the region.

During the cold season, the temperatures are low especially in the night and January is the coldest month. The

diurnal range of temperature is large in all the months.


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As per the Climatological Normals (1981-2010), in Winter maximum mean temperature recorded as 31.9°C, and

minimum mean temperature was recorded as 7.1°C. In summer maximum mean temperature rise up to 42.9°C,

whereas lowest was accounted as 17.7°C. July, August and September is regarded as monsoon season in

Rajasthan, and the highest and lowest mean temperature recorded as 41.2°C and 23.3°C.

3.8.2 Relative Humidity

As per the Climatological Normals (1981-2010), mean relative humidity in winter, at day time was recorded as

52.3%, whereas the mean night time relative humidity was 29%. In summer mean day time relative humidity

accounted as 49.3%, and mean night time relative humidity recorded as 22% only. Day time mean relative humidity

in monsoon season recorded as 74.3% and night time mean relative humidity recorded as 44.3%.

3.8.3 Rainfall

Barmer has annual mean rainfall of 68.33 mm throughout the year. Highest rainfall recorded in monsoon, near

about 61.35 mm.

3.8.4 Wind Speed and Wind Direction

As per the Atlas of Windrose (1971-2000) by Indian Meteorological Department, highest monthly mean wind

speed is 2.5 m/s and lowest monthly mean wind speed is 0.5 m/s in November. Predominant wind direction is

southwest (SW) direction, occurring around 28% of the year with annual strongest wind greater than 7 m/s

coming from southwest. Annual wind rose of Barmer district is presented in Figure 28.

Source: Windrose Atlas (1971-2000) by Indian Meteorological Department

Figure 28. . Annual Windrose of Barmer

Climatological profile of Barmer district is presented in Table 3.2.

Table 3.2 Climatology profile of Barmer

Seasons

Temperature (°C) Relative humidity Wind speed

(kmph)

Rainfall

(mm)

Maximum Minimum Day time Night time

Winter 31.9 7.1 52.3 29 4.3 1.33

Summer 42.9 17.7 49.3 22 8 5.47

Monsoon 41.2 23.2 74.3 44.3 9.0 61.35

Post Monsoon 35.7 11.9 52 30.3 3.9 1.77

Source: IMD Meteorological table


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3.8.5 Micrometeorological Parameters Micrometeorological parameters were observed to assess the local climatic condition of the study area.

Micrometeorological setup was installed at Nagar Village. The micro met monitoring stations were installed at a

height of about 10 m above the ground level, ensuring that there were no obstructions to the free flow of winds. A

three-monthly (March to May 2019) monitoring was conducted, and the prevailing meteorological conditions are

discussed below (table 10 and 11)

Meteorological profile of this region characterised by high temperature with low humidity, with a very lesser amount

of rainfall. Temperature of this region varies from, 25°C to 44°C, with an average of 34.28°C. Relative humidity

accounts for 47.42%, on an average throughout the monitoring period. Average wind speed was measured as

15.82 metre/second throughout the study period. Rainfall was recorded as 6.6 mm throughout the study period,

and the pre-dominant wind speed was from North west to South east.

Table 3. Climatological profile of the study area

Station name Temperature(°C) Relative

humidity

Rainfall Wind speed Wind direction

Max Min (Average) (mm) (m/s)

Nagar

(25°15'42.0"N 71°44'58.0")

44 4 40.93 13.7 mm 15.82 NW to SW

Source: MET station installed at Nagar


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Figure 29. Windrose Nagar(MET station)

Source: MET station installed at Nagar

3.9 Ambient Air Quality The objective of the ambient air quality monitoring program is to establish the baseline ambient air quality in the

study area for the proposed project and to assess its conformity with the National Ambient Air Quality Standards

(NAAQS), 2009. The study area is mainly rural area with pockets of habitations called “Dhani’s”. The main

topographical feature of the area is undulating with prevailing sand dunes.

AECOM contracted the environmental baseline monitoring to M/s Edward Food Research & analysis Centre Ltd.

(EFRAC) which is accredited by National Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration (NABL)/ recognized by

MoEF. The baseline monitoring was carried out during the period March to May, 2019.

The baseline status of the ambient air quality was assessed through a scientifically designed ambient air quality-

monitoring network. The design of monitoring network in the air quality study was based on (i)meteorological

conditions on synoptic basis; (ii) topography of the study area; (iii) representatives of regional background air quality

for obtaining baseline status; (iv) representatives of likely impact areas and (v) accessibility and availability of

infrastructure.


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Criteria used for designing the network were principally governed by the wind rose pattern for summer season and

the accessibility of the selected sites.

AAQ Monitoring Locations The ambient air quality was carried out at eight (8) locations in and around the proposed block area. The monitoring

locations were selected taking into considerations factors such as predominant up & down wind directions,

proposed project activity area, prominent existing air pollution sources and receptor locations. Air Quality monitoring

location map is presented Figure 30

Appendix 3-3 gives ambient air quality monitoring results.

Table 3.4 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations

Location

Code

Monitoring Location Coordinates Distance & Direction from the

block

AAQ1 Nagar Village 25°15'42"N 71°44'58"E 8.9km, WNW from well number

10

AAQ2 Loharwa Village 25°15'11"N 71°32'29"E Located within the block

AAQ3 Alamsariya Village 25°16'51"N 71°30'33"E Located within the block

AAQ4 Bhalikhaal Village 25°15'11"N 71°35'24"E Located within the block

AAQ5 Shobhala Jetmal Village 25°21'40.921"N 71°29'03.131"E Located within the block

AAQ6 Khadali Village 25°19'251"N 71°39'842"E 3.0 km, SE from well number 22

AAQ7 Ranasar Khurd Village 25°22'22.3"N 71°37'10.6"E Located within the block

AAQ8 Mitibari Village 25°25'22.5"N 71°34'35.4"E 3.0 km, NNW from well number 29

Source: AECOM


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Figure 30. Map showing AAQ, Noise Level and Traffic Monitoring Locations in the Study Area

AAQ monitoring Results Ambient air quality monitoring was conducted for twice a week 24 hourly at eight locations giving a total of 264

readings for each parameter. Analysis of ambient air quality monitoring results is presented in Table 3.5.


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Table 3.5 Summery of Air Quality Monitoring Result

Locatio

n Code

Result Parameters

PM 2.5

(µg/m3)

PM 10

(µg/m3)

SO2

(µg/m3)

NO2

(µg/m3)

CO

(mg/m3)

NH3

(µg/m3)

C6H6

(µg/m3)

BAP

(µg/m

3)

O3

(µg/m

3)

Pb

(µg/m

3)

Ni

(ng/m

3)

As

(ng/m3)

HC as

CH4

(µg/m

3)

HC as

Non-

Metha

ne

(µg/m3

)

VOC

(µg/m3)

AAQ1 Max 34.00 88.00 14.40 46.50 1.01 25.30 2.14 BDL BDL BDL 1.85 0.61 BDL BDL 2.66

Min 12.00 49.00 8.30 21.10 0.21 12.60 2.14 BDL BDL BDL 0.5 0.61 BDL BDL 2.66

Average 20.83 65.83 11.60 35.77 0.64 20.27 2.14 BDL BDL BDL 0.95 0.61 BDL BDL 2.66

98th percentile 31.70 83.86 14.31 45.26 0.97 25.16 2.14 BDL BDL BDL 1.82 0.61 BDL BDL 2.66

AAQ2 Max 39.00 87.00 14.20 41.90 1.00 35.10 BDL BDL 15.60 BDL 1.81 BDL BDL BDL BDL

Min 13.00 47.00 6.70 24.70 0.35 15.00 BDL BDL 13.80 BDL 0.51 BDL BDL BDL BDL

Average 20.50 66.92 11.13 35.48 0.65 23.28 BDL BDL 14.70 BDL 0.98 BDL BDL BDL BDL

98th percentile 36.70 87.00 14.20 41.90 0.98 35.10 BDL BDL 15.56 BDL 1.80 BDL BDL BDL BDL

AAQ3 Max 44.00 92.00 17.70 47.40 0.79 51.50 BDL BDL 17.60 BDL 1.91 0.70 BDL BDL 2.26

Min 11.00 50.00 5.30 27.70 0.36 14.00 BDL BDL 13.70 BDL 0.50 0.70 BDL BDL 2.26

Average 20.96 67.83 10.16 37.42 0.60 25.29 BDL BDL 15.87 BDL 0.98 0.70 BDL BDL 2.26

98th percentile 38.48 89.24 15.81 45.79 0.79 50.49 BDL BDL 17.55 BDL 1.83 0.70 BDL BDL 2.26

AAQ4 Max 27.00 90.00 15.60 40.60 0.84 35.10 2.33 BDL 11.20 BDL 1.80 BDL BDL BDL 3.33

Min 12.00 46.00 7.60 22.50 0.38 10.60 2.17 BDL 11.20 BDL 0.53 BDL BDL BDL 3.00

Average 19.71 68.29 11.10 35.18 0.60 22.23 2.25 BDL 11.20 BDL 0.89 BDL BDL BDL 3.17

98th percentile 27.00 89.08 15.46 40.51 0.84 35.01 2.33 BDL 11.20 BDL 1.72 BDL BDL BDL 3.32








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AAQ7 Max 27.00 88.00 17.30 48.10 1.55 47.80 2.26 BDL 11.30 BDL 2.15 0.59 BDL BDL 2.84

Min 11.00 51.00 5.60 21.10 0.42 13.30 2.26 BDL 11.30 BDL 0.51 0.59 BDL BDL 2.84

Average 18.42 67.29 11.46 36.95 0.68 25.71 2.26 BDL 11.30 BDL 1.04 0.59 BDL BDL 2.84

98th percentile 27.00 87.54 17.21 47.13 1.39 46.14 2.26 BDL 11.30 BDL 2.08 0.59 BDL BDL 2.84

AAQ8 Max 36.00 89.00 16.40 42.70 1.36 61.80 BDL BDL 14.40 BDL 1.74 0.62 BDL BDL BDL

Min 12.00 40.00 6.30 22.40 0.36 10.20 BDL BDL 12.20 BDL 0.51 0.62 BDL BDL BDL

Average 20.83 65.67 11.99 34.45 0.72 27.01 BDL BDL 0.00 BDL 0.97 0.62 BDL BDL BDL

98th percentile 34.16 86.24 16.40 42.33 1.35 56.05 BDL BDL 14.36 BDL 1.73 0.62 BDL BDL BDL

Note: NAAQS = National Ambient Air Quality Standards; BDL = Below Detection Limit; DL = Detection Limit; DL for O3 =10.0 μg/m3; DL for Pb =

0.01 μg/m3; DL for NH3 = 10.0 μg/m3; DL for C6H6 = 2.0 μg/m3, DL for VOC = 2.0 μg/m3; DL for BaP = 0.5 μg/m3; DL for As= 0.5 ng/m3; DL for HC (as CH4) and HC as Non Methane =

2.5 μg/m3


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Particulate Matter (PM10)

The average concentration of PM10 in the study area varies from 65.13 µg/m3 to 67.83 µg/m3 throughout the

monitoring period. The highest concentration of PM10 was recorded as 92 µg/m3 at AAQ 3, Alamsariya village,

and the lowest was recorded as 40 µg/m3, at AAQ 8, Mitibari village.

Figure 31: Average PM10 Values at the Monitoring Locations

Particulate Matter (PM2.5)

The average concentration of PM2.5 in the study area varies from 18.42 µg/m3 to 20.96 µg/m3 throughout the

monitoring period. The highest concentration of PM2.5 was recorded as 44 µg/m3 at AAQ 3, Alamsariya village,

and the lowest was recorded as 11 µg/m3, at AAQ 7 Ranasar Khurd.

Figure 32: Average PM2.5 Values at the Monitoring Locations

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

AAQ1 AAQ2 AAQ3 AAQ4 AAQ5 AAQ6 AAQ7 AAQ8

PM

10 (µ

g/m

3)

Maximum Minimum Average 98th percentile NAAQS

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70


PM

2.5

(µg/m

3)



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Nitrogen Di-Oxide (NO2)

The average concentration of NO2 in the study area varies from 34.45 µg/m3 to 37.42 µg/m3 throughout the

monitoring period. The highest concentration of NO2 was recorded as 49.90 µg/m3 at AAQ 6, Khadali village ,

and the lowest was recorded as 21.10µg/m3, at AAQ 1 and AAQ7.

Figure 33 Average NO2 Values at the Monitoring Locations

Sulfur Di-Oxide (SO2)

The average concentration of SO2 in the study area varies from 10.16 µg/m3 to 11.99 µg/m3 throughout the

monitoring period. The highest concentration of SO2 was recorded as 18.00 µg/m3 at AAQ 5, Shobhala Jetmal

Village and the lowest was recorded as 5.30µg/m3, at AAQ 3 and AAQ 6.

Figure 34 Average SO2 Values at the Monitoring Locations

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90


NO

x (

µg

/m3

)


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90


SO

x (

µg/m

3)



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Other Parameters

The concentrations for CO ranged from 0.6 µg/m3 to 0.72 µg /m3. The concentrations for NH3 ranged from 20.27

μg/m3 to 27.65μg/m3. The concentration for Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) varies from 2.26 µg/m3 to 3.17

µg/m3 found to be below detection level. Benzene concentration varies from 2.14 µg/m3 to 2.26 µg/m3, Arsenic

ranges from 0.59 ng/m3 to 0.70 ng/m3 and Nickel varies from 0.89 ng/m3 to 1.72 ng/m3.

Concentration of other parameters i.e. Lead, HC as methane and Non-methane, Benzo(a)Pyrene (BaP) were

observed to be below detectable limit at all locations. Currently there are no ambient air quality standards for VOCs

and HCs. The photograph of ambient air quality sampling is shown below-

Photo 1- Ambeint Air Quality Monitoring at AAQ1 Photo 2- Ambeint Air Quality Monitoring at AAQ2

Photo 3- Ambient Air Quality Monitoring at AAQ3 Photo 4- Ambient Air Quality Monitoring at AAQ4


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3.10 Ambient Noise Level Monitoring of noise levels around the study area has been carried out to assess the existing noise levels generated

due to the existing operations on human settlements. Noise standards have been designed for different types of

land use i.e. residential, commercial industrial areas and silence zones as per ‘The Noise Pollution (Regulation and

Control) Rules, 2000, Notified by Ministry of Environment and Forests, New Delhi, February 14, 2000’.

The ambient noise monitoring was carried out at eight locations during baseline monitoring (March to May, 2019)

as described in Table 3.6 and as shown in Figure 30. Sound pressure level (SPL) measurements in dB (A) were

recorded for every hour continuously for 24 hours at 15 minutes interval for the monitoring stations and equivalent

noise levels in the form of Leq day and Leq night was computed. The day noise levels have been monitored during

6.00 am to 10.00 pm and night levels during 10.00 pm to 6.00 am at all the locations. The results obtained were

compared with the standard specified in Schedule III, Rule 3 of Environmental Protection Rules.


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Table 3.6 Ambient Noise Level Monitoring Locations

Location Code

Monitoring Location

Coordinates Distance and Direction from the block

NQ1 Nagar Village 25°15'42"N 71°44'58"E 8.9 km, WNW from well

number 10

NQ2 Loharwa Village 25°15'11"N 71°32'29"E Located within the block

NQ3 Alamsariya Village 25°16'51"N 71°30'33"E Located within the block

NQ4 Bhalikhaal Village 25°15'11"N 71°35'24"E Located within the block

NQ5 Shobhala Jetmal

Village

25°21'40.92"N 71°29'03.13"E Located within the block

NQ6 Khadali Village 25°19'25"N 71°39'84"E 3.0 km, SE from well number

22

NQ7 Ranasar Khurd Village 25°22'22.3"N 71°37'10.6"E Located within the block

NQ8 Mitibari Village 25°25'22.5"N 71°34'35.4"E 3.0 km, NNW from well

number 29

Map showing Monitoring Locations for Noise in the study area is presented in Figure 30. The summarized results

of noise levels are given below in Table 3.7. The details of ambient noise monitoring result is given in Appendix 3-

3.

Table 3.7 Noise level in the Study Area

Location

code

Leq Night Time (dBA)

Max.

Leq

Min. Leq Max.

Leq

Min.

Leq

Leq Applicable

Daytime

Standards.

Applicable

Night-time

Standards

NQ1 66.4 42.5 60.4 44.7 40.9 43.8 55 45

NQ2 60.5 46.7 55.7 59.5 43.3 46.7 55 45

NQ3 58.2 38.5 53.8 41.7 38.2 39.8 55 45

NQ4 61.1 47.6 57.7 41.6 39.5 40.4 55 45

NQ5 62.4 45.2 58.3 48.7 35.2 40.7 55 45

NQ6 59.8 45.0 55.5 45.1 42.4 43.7 55 45

NQ7 57.5 41.3 54.1 41.6 40.5 41.1 55 45

NQ8 57.0 39.0 52.1 39.8 38.0 38.8 55 45


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Average Leq in study area for day time and night time ranged from 60.4– 52.1 dB(A) and5.47.7- 38.8 dB(A) as

against corresponding day and night time standard of 55dB(A) and 45 dB(A) respectively. The ambient noise levels

were observed within permissible limits for residential areas for night time. The ambient noise levels for day time

were observed exceeding permissible limits for residential areas at all stations.

Photo 1- Noise Quality Monitoring at NQ2 Photo 2- Noise Quality Monitoring at NQ3

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

NQ1 NQ2 NQ3 NQ4 NQ5 NQ6 NQ7 NQ8

Noise Monitoring

LEQ day LEQ night Day time standard Night time standard


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Photo 3- Noise Quality Monitoring at NQ4 Photo 4- Noise Air Quality Monitoring at NQ5

Photo 5- Noise Quality Monitoring at NQ6 Photo 6- Noise Quality Monitoring at NQ7

3.11 Ground Water Quality Primary monitoring of ground water quality was considered important in order to understand the probable impacts

of the proposed project activities on the sub surface aquifers. Potential pollution of subsurface and unconfined

aquifers may occur due to improper casing and cementing of well leading to infiltration or seeping of drilling

chemicals or mud into nearby aquifer. Contamination of aquifers may also occur from disposal of drilling waste and

mud in an open/unpaved pit. A monitoring network consisting of 8 locations for groundwater was selected and

representative sampling was carried out at each of the locations and the detailed results of ground water analysis

are presented in Table 3-8.

Groundwater Sampling Locations For the purpose of baseline assessment, total eight (8) locations were identified for groundwater samples covering

the study area and were examined for physico-chemical, heavy metals and bacteriological parameters to assess

the current status of water quality in the study area during the monitoring period. The groundwater quality is likely

to be variable within the Block due to spatial heterogeneity in the aquifer. These locations are spatially distributed

all across the Block and its surrounding areas. The sampling locations were selected to capture both shallow as

well as deeper part of aquifer. The ground water samples were collected from bore wells as well as open wells.

The water sampling location details are presented below in Table 3.8 and Figure 35. Map showing Groundwater

and Soil Sampling Locations


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Table 3.8 Groundwater Sampling Locations

Location Code

Sampling Location

Coordinates Distance and Direction from the block

GW1 Khoome Kiberi 25°24'50.39"N, 71°30'44.59"E Located within the Block

GW2 Loharma Village

25°22'30.53"N, 71°32'31.05"E 7.5km in NE from Well number

10

GW3 Alamsariya Village 25°20'46.70"N, 71°35'5.26"E Located within the Block

GW4 Bhalikhaal Village 25°16'45.84"N, 71°37'28.43"E Located within the Block

GW5 Shobhala Jetmal Village 25°13'10.92"N, 71°41'11.99"E Located within the Block

GW6 Khadali Village 25°15'4.96"N, 71°35'32.79"E 8.7 km in WNW from Well

number 6

GW7 Renasar Khurd Village 25°14'4.62"N, 71°31'55.33"E Located within the Block

GW8 Vitibari Village 25°23'57.76"N, 71°39'3.06"E Located within the Block

Groundwater quality results are shown in the Table 3.9



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Figure 35. Map showing Groundwater and Soil Sampling Locations


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Table 3.9 Groundwater Quality Results

Parameter Unit G.W-1, G.W-2, G.W-3, G.W-4, G.W-5, G.W-6, G.W-7, G.W-8,

pH --- 7.4 7.5 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.2 7.3

Electrical Conductivity µs/cm 7170 8810 16600 12640 7310 9470 9670 4210

Temperature 0C 24.7 24.6 24.8 24.8 24.6 24.8 24.7 24.6

Colour Hazen <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0

Odour --- Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable

Taste --- Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable

Turbidity NTU 0.18 0.32 0.18 0.23 0.20 0.27 0.18 0.16

Salinity psu 3.60 4.54 9.05 6.72 3.77 5.03 5.37 2.15

Total Dissolved Solid (TDS) mg/L 3784 4912 9428 7152 4184 5400 5524 2460

Total Hardness (CaCO3) mg/L 730 970 470 730 830 730 880 430

Alkalinity (CaCO3) mg/L 376 700 900 900 380 370 350 340

Chloride (Cl) mg/L 1615 1805 3800 2755 1615 2280 2518 950

Calcium (Ca) mg/L 224.45 292.58 148.3 220.44 248.5 220.44 264.53 128.26

Magnesium (Mg) mg/L 41.31 58.32 24.3 43.74 51.03 43.74 53.46 26.73

Fluoride (F) mg/L 1.12 1.27 0.74 0.68 1.23 1.28 1.36 0.82

Nitrate (NO3) mg/L 5.95 6.23 9.86 7.94 6.18 7.16 7.31 5.23

Sulphate (SO4) mg/L 447 622 1308 834 556 754 762 321

Residual Chlorine mg/L <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05

Chloramine (Cl2) mg/L <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05

Cyanide (CN) mg/L <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01

Hexavalent Chromium (Cr+6) mg/L <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02

Phenol (C6H5OH) mg/L <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001

Total Phosphorus (P) mg/L <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05

Free Ammonia (NH3) mg/L <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05

Total Nitrogen mg/L 5.95 6.23 9.86 7.94 6.18 7.16 7.31 5.23

Dissolved Oxygen (DO) mg/L 6.94 6.84 7.04 7.13 6.94 6.94 7.04 7.13

Anionic Detergent (MBAS) mg/L <0.10 <0.10 <0.10 <0.10 <0.10 <0.10 <0.10 <0.10

Mineral Oil mg/L <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

SAR --- 15.80 17.19 61.81 36.50 16.52 26.96 22.08 12.93

SODIUM mg/L 982.75 1232.28 3084.3 2270 1095.7 1676.5 1507.95 616.98

Potassium mg/L 14.0 22.4 22.4 31.2 23.0 33.2 31.8 35.0

Aluminium Al mg/L <0.001 0.0033 0.0061 0.0039 0.0017 0.0011 0.0024 0.0016


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Manganese(Mn) mg/L 0.0012 0.0019 <0.001 <0.001 0.0201 0.0025 <0.001 0.0013

Iron( Fe ) mg/L <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.0033 <0.001 <0.001 0.0015 <0.001

Nickel( Ni) mg/L 0.0028 0.0033 0.0031 0.0026 0.0031 0.0046 0.0133 0.0015

Copepr( Cu) mg/L <0.001 0.0038 0.0163 0.0227 0.0156 0.0151 0.0312 0.0057

Zinc( Zn) mg/L 0.0011 0.0039 0.0026 0.0024 0.0016 0.0013 0.0029 0.0010

Arsenic( As) mg/L <0.001 <0.001 0.0032 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.0048

Selenium( Se) mg/L 0.0051 0.0030 0.0039 0.0053 0.0022 0.0045 0.0045 0.0023

Molybdenum (Mo) mg/L 0.0011 <0.001 0.0191 0.0034 0.0225 <0.001 0.0099 <0.001

Cadmium( Cd ) mg/L <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001

Barium(Ba) mg/L 0.0292 0.0361 0.0151 0.0159 0.0229 0.0509 0.1357 0.0813

Mercury(Hg) mg/L <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001

Lead( Pb ) mg/L <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001

Total Coliform MPN/100 ml <2 <2 <2 <2 <2 <2 <2 <2

Faecal Coliform MPN/100 ml <2 <2 <2 <2 <2 <2 <2 <2

Alachlor µg/L ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

Atrazine µg/L ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

Aldrin µg/L ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

Dieldrin µg/L ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

Alpha HCH µg/L ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

Beta HCH µg/L ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

Gamma HCH (Lindane) µg/L ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

Delta HCH µg/L ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

Butachlor µg/L ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

Chlorpyrifos µg/L ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

2,4-D µg/L ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

Ethion µg/L ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

Isoproturon µg/L ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

Malathion µg/L ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

Methyl Parathion µg/L ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

Monocrotophos µg/L ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

Phorate µg/L ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

o,p- DDT µg/L ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

p,p-DDT µg/L ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

o,p-DDD µg/L ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND


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p,p-DDD µg/L ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

o,p- DDE µg/L ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

p,p- DDE µg/L ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

Total DDT µg/L ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

Alpha Endosulfan µg/L ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

Beta Endosulfan µg/L ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

Endosulfan Sulfate µg/L ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

Total Endosulfan µg/L ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (as PAH)

mg/L ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

Polychlorinated biphenyls mg/L ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

Bromoform mg/L ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

Dibromochloromethane mg/L ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

Bromodichloromethane mg/L ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

Chloroform mg/L ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

Note: Above results verified with Ionic Balance as per APHA, 2012.

Note: ND = Not Detected; DL = Detection Limit


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Interpretation of Groundwater Quality Results

Physical Parameters: The pH of water samples ranged from 7.2 to 7.5. Turbidity of all the samples varied from

0.16 to 0.32 NTU. The TDS in the groundwater samples varied from 2460 mg/l to 9428 mg/l.

Inorganic Parameters: The total alkalinity of the samples varied from 340 to 900 mg/l which falls within their

corresponding permissible limit of 600 mg/l except at GW2, GW3 and GW4 which had alkalinity of 900 and 700

mg/l respectively. Total hardness of the samples are within the permissible limit of 600 mg/l except at GW1 (730

mg/l), GW2 (970mg/l), GW4 (730mg/l), GW10 (730 mg/l) and GW5 (830 mg/l), GW6 (730 mg/l) and GW7(880mg/l)

. The concentrations of heavy metals (cadmium, lead, mercury, arsenic, molybdenum), and other parameters

cyanide, polychlorinated bi-phenyles, PAHs have been found to be below detection limit.

Nutrient and Demand Parameters: Faecal coliform and total coliform content have been below the detection limit

of less than 2 MPN/100 ml.

Other Parameters. No pesticides have been detected in any of the samples. Most of the samples have been below

detectable limits for toxic substances.

It was not found suitable for drinking purposes (without primary and secondary treatment) as their TDS, turbidity,

hardness has been beyond the permissible limits. In this Block, the groundwater occurs under water table as well

as in confined condition in the area. The quality of groundwater is therefore likely to be variable within the study

area due to spatial heterogeneity in the aquifer.

Photographs of Groundwater Sampling

Photo 1- Groundwater sampling at GW3 Photo 2- Groundwater sampling at GW4

Photo 3- Groundwater sampling at GW5 Photo 4- Groundwater sampling at GW6


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3.12 Surface Water Quality Monitoring programme was occurred in the summer season during Month of May,2019. It is observed that the water

holding capacity of the soil is very weak, which influences lesser surface water availability in this Block and

excessive high ambient temperature in summer season with low humidity, accelerates evaporation and dries up

the surface water sources faster. All most all the surface water sources in this Block like pond found in dry condition

during sampling activity. Therefore, due to non-availability of sources, no surface water sample could be obtained

from Block RJ-ONHP-2017/03 for assessing their baseline status of physico-chemical, heavy metals and

bacteriological characteristics.

3.13 Soil Quality The soil in the area varies from rich alluvium to sandy desert soil types. The general classification of soil is based

on the soil texture and origin of the soil. In the study area there are generally five different types of soil namely:

Desert soil: Desert soil area is occupied by alluvium and windblown sand, yellowish brown, sandy to sandy loam,

loose, structure less, well drained with high permeability and lies in northern, western and central parts of the

district.

Sand dunes: These are non-calcareous soil, sandy to loamy sand, loose, structure less and well drained. Sand

dunes lie in northern, western and central parts of the district.

Red desertic soil: These are pale brown to reddish brown soils, structure less, loose, and well drained. Texture

varies from sandy loam to sandy clay loam. These soils occupy eastern and southeastern parts of the district.

Saline soil of depressions: This type of soil is found in salt lakes. They are dark grey to pale brown, heavy soils

with water table very near to the surface and are distinctly saline.

Lithosols & Regosols of hills: This type of soil is found in isolated hills as lithoslopes. These soils are shallow

with gravels very near to the surface, high textured, fairly drained, reddish brown in colour and lie in south-eastern

part of the district.

3.13.1 Soil type and characteristics:

Samples for soil quality monitoring were collected from 8 locations in and around the block area. Details of Soil

Sampling locations are presented in Table 3.10and Figure 35. Analysis results of soil samples are presented in

Table 3.11 and the relevant Soil Remediation Intervention Values (Dutch standards) are presented in Table 3.12.

Table 3.10 Soil Sampling Locations

Location

Code

Location Name Coordinates Distance and Direction from the

Block

Land Use

S1 Khoome Ki Beri 25°24'50.39"N, 71°30'44.59"E Within Block Agriculture

S2 Loharwa Village 25°22'30.53"N, 71°32'31.05"E Within Block Agriculture

S3 Alam Sariya Village 25°20'46.70"N, 71°35'5.26"E Within Block Agriculture

S4 Bhalikhal Village 25°16'45.84"N, 71°37'28.43"E Within Block Agriculture

S5 Shobhala Jethmal

Village

25°13'10.92"N, 71°41'11.99"E Within Block Agriculture

S6 Khadali Village 25°15'4.96"N, 71°35'32.79"E Within Block Agriculture

S7 Ranasar Khurd Village 25°14'4.62"N, 71°31'55.33"E Within Block Agriculture

S8 Mitibari Village 25°23'57.76"N, 71°39'3.06"E Within Block Agriculture

Photographs of the Soil Sampling


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Photo 1- Soil sampling from location S1 Photo 2- Soil sampling from location S2

Photo 3- Soil sampling from location S3 Photo 4- Soil sampling from location S4


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Table 3.11 - Soil Quality Results

Parameters Unit Khoome

Ki Beri

[Block-1;

Soil-1]

Loharwa

Village

[Block-1;

Soil-2]

Alam Sariya

Village

[Block-1;

Soil-3]

Bhalikhal

Village

[Block-1;

Soil-4]

Shobhala

Jethmal

Village

[Block-1;

Soli-5]

Khadali

Village

[Block-1;

Soil-6]

Ranasar

Khurd Village

[Block-1;

Soil-7]

Mitibari

Village

[Block-1;

Soil-8]

pH - 6.9 7.2 6.8 6.9 7.0 7.2 7.0 7.0

Density gm/cm3 1.65 1.49 1.56 1.58 1.42 1.66 1.59 1.49

Acidity mg/kg <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1

Soil Texture - Sandy Loam Fine Sand Loamy Fine Sand Loamy Fine Sand Loamy Fine Sand Loamy Fine Sand Loamy Fine Sand Sandy Loam

Porosity % 22.49 16.63 13.75 13.08 19.34 20.28 20.60 25.02

Infiltration Capacity mm/hr 780 540 480 420 660 720 720 960

SAR - 0.77 2.97 0.07 0.11 0.09 1.61 0.37 1.67

Organic Carbon % 1.13 0.82 0.79 0.90 0.91 0.88 0.80 1.22

Organic Matter % 1.58 1.14 1.09 1.24 1.26 1.22 1.11 1.70

Chloride mg/kg 19.02 17.22 22.92 23.80 17.79 21.05 16.95 17.23

Sulphate mg/kg 10.50 9.44 13.68 14.23 8.71 11.96 8.99 9.48

Moisture % 19.2 13.4 12.4 12.9 14.6 13.7 14.7 20.4

Phosphorus mg/kg 32.59 24.55 49.41 46.81 22.76 43.00 16.02 14.76

Electrical Conductivity µS/cm 484.6 325.7 756.4 866.2 343.2 628.1 248.4 229.3

Alkalinity mg/Kg as CaCO3 5.88 7.43 6.33 6.29 7.18 7.97 6.83 7.17

Cyanide mg/kg <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01

Carbonate mg/kg 5.60 7.16 6.26 6.28 6.97 7.98 6.40 7.18

Nitrogen % 1.29 0.81 0.76 0.83 1.04 0.75 0.79 1.37

Permeability cm/min 6.1 4.4 3.8 3.9 5.4 5.7 5.8 7.0

Thiocyanate mg/Kg <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01


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Parameters Unit Khoome

Ki Beri

[Block-1;

Soil-1]

Loharwa

Village

[Block-1;

Soil-2]

Alam Sariya

Village

[Block-1;

Soil-3]

Bhalikhal

Village

[Block-1;

Soil-4]

Shobhala

Jethmal

Village

[Block-1;

Soli-5]

Khadali

Village

[Block-1;

Soil-6]

Ranasar

Khurd Village

[Block-1;

Soil-7]

Mitibari

Village

[Block-1;

Soil-8]

Calcium (Ca) ppm 1265.67 1171.27 1644.45 1898.09 1524.29 1736.35 1702.93 1338.13

Iron (Fe) ppm 8268.28 7353.77 6797.54 8971.66 6621.15 9342.61 8408.23 6931.57

Potassium (K) ppm 816.18 690.84 721.51 852.03 781.99 850.90 1253.55 1197.27

Magnessium (Mg) ppm 2693.01 3268.34 2790.80 4365.61 3100.19 3580.68 2917.06 3287.86

Sodium (Na) ppm 1005.44 4113.48 106.21 227.77 130.99 2846.41 579.47 2479.80

Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC) meq/100g 10.33 11.02 12.04 13.36 14.28 13.88 11.27 11.83

Barium (Ba) ppm 18.14 23.21 25.41 43.07 27.02 43.56 18.77 24.53

Mercury (Hg) ppm <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Molibdenum (Mo) ppm 0.72 0.54 0.52 0.55 0.74 0.59 0.78 0.52

Arsenic (As) ppm 43.00 82.86 84.32 72.83 115.44 100.75 93.14 85.34

Zinc (Zn) ppm 62.11 82.86 84.32 72.83 115.44 158.32 124.19 29.19

Cobalt (Co) ppm 2.89 4.48 2.65 4.26 4.36 4.23 5.04 2.69

Chromium (Cr) ppm 20.90 10.52 13.55 17.29 20.24 17.71 18.13 20.02

Manganese (Mn) ppm 177.43 154.30 139.17 194.03 150.84 263.48 149.80 226.11

Lead (Pb) ppm 3.65 3.28 5.19 4.44 5.63 3.01 3.67 4.56

Nickel (Ni) ppm 19.37 13.42 20.41 22.95 21.12 22.48 18.77 18.11

Cadmium (Cd) ppm <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Antimony (Sb) ppm <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Copper (Cu) ppm 5.10 4.30 6.00 8.98 7.47 8.83 7.15 7.90

Boron (B) ppm 5.92 2.73 2.75 6.26 4.78 9.43 7.21 8.51


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India does not have any specific concentration-based soil contamination standards. In absence of any existing

standards for safe heavy metals contents, Dutch standards have been considered for the purpose of analysis.

Table 3.12 Soil Remediation Intervention Values as per Dutch Standards

S. No. Parameter Intervention Values (mg/kg dry matter)

1 Zinc 720

2 Arsenic 76

3 Lead 530

4 Cadmium 13

5 Copper 190

6 Mercury (inorganic) 36

7 Nickel 100

Source: Soil Remediation Circular 2009, Minister of Housing, Spatial Planning and Environment, Netherlands.

Note: Concentrations are shown for standard soil (10% organic matter and 25% clay)

Soil texture at all locations was observed to be sandy. pH of the soil samples ranged from 6.7 to 7.8 pH units. The

pH of all the samples collected were neutral except for one location (S9) where pH was found to be slightly alkaline.

Table 3.13 Standard Soil Classification

Sl. No. Soil Test Classification

1. pH <4.5 Extremely acidic

4.51- 5.50 Very strongly acidic

5.51-6.0 moderately acidic

6.01-6.50 slightly acidic

6.51-7.30 Neutral

7.31-7.80 slightly alkaline

7.81-8.50 moderately alkaline

8.51-9.0 strongly alkaline

9.01 very strongly alkaline

2 Salinity Electrical Conductivity (mmhos/cm)

(1 ppm = 640 mmho/cm)

Upto 1.00 Average

1.01-2.00 harmful to germination

2.01-3.00 harmful to crops (sensitive to salts)

3 Organic Carbon Upto 0.2: very less

0.21-0.4: less

0.41-0.5 medium,

0.51-0.8: on an average sufficient

0.81-1.00: sufficient

>1.0 more than sufficient

4 Nitrogen (kg/ha) Upto 50 very less

51-100 less

101-150 good

151-300 Better

>300 sufficient

5 Phosphorus (kg/ha) Upto 15 very less

16-30 less


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Sl. No. Soil Test Classification

31-50 medium,

51-65 on an average sufficient

66-80 sufficient

>80 more than sufficient

6 Potash (kg/ha) 0 -120 very less

120-180 less

181-240 medium

241-300 average

301-360 better

>360 more than sufficient

Source: Handbook of Agriculture, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi

pH

Soil acidity has a correlation with the availability of nutrients in terms of their deficiency and toxicity. A soil having

pH less than 6 is considered as acidic. The soil samples in the study area have been found to be neutral as the pH

ranges from 6.9 to 7.2.

Texture and Electrical Conductivity

Texture is an expression to indicate the coarseness or fineness of the soil as determined by the relative proportion

of the various sized primary particles in the soil mass. The textures of the collected soil samples have been found

to be fine sand to loamy fine sand in the study area. The sandy texture of the soil in this region also resulted to high

permeability of the soil, the average permeability of the collected sample is found to be 4.8 cm/min.

EC values for the soils monitored at the study area range between 229.3 and 866.2µs/cm. For a productive soil,

the electrical conductance (EC) should be < 100000µs/cm.

Macronutrients and Organic Carbon

Nutrient status of the soil samples can be determined from the concentration of N, P, K and organic carbon in soil

samples. Standard rating chart for soil nutrients is provided in Table 24.

Nitrogen contents in the soil samples ranged between 0.75 – 1.37%, phosphorus content in the soil samples ranged

between 14.76– 49.41 mg/kg and potassium contents ranges between 721.51 – 1253.55 mg/kg. With comparison

to the rating chart, nutrient status of the soil is low.

Metals

Heavy metals such as copper (4.30 - 8.98 mg/kg), lead (2.6 - 6.2 mg/kg) and zinc (29.19- 158.32 mg/kg) have been

found to be detectable in the soil of the study area. The concentration of copper, lead, Zinc and the other heavy

metals in the soil sample was much below the soil remediation intervention values specified in Dutch Soil

Remediation Circular.

Sodium Absorption Ratio (SAR) - Sodium absorption ratio for the samples varied between 0.09-2.97.

Conclusion

The soil samples have been found to be sandy loam in nature with slightly basic in reaction. The macronutrient

contents viz. NPK values of the soil samples have been found to be low. Metal contamination have not been

observed in the analysed soil samples.

.


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3.14 Traffic Survey In order to appreciate the traffic and transport system characteristics traffic surveys have been conducted within

the study area. The brief methodology adopted, location, nature and extent of data collected under each of the

above-mentioned surveys is discussed below. The field data collection activities have been carried out in May &

June 2019.

The major roads in the study area include NH-15, SH-28, Gandhev to Bhaskar Road and Bhalikhal Udasar Road.

The survey have been conducted by collecting details on road characteristics by visual observation and

measurements.

The main objective of classified traffic volume counts was to assess the traffic characteristics in terms of average

daily traffic, hourly traffic variation, peak hour traffic, traffic composition and directional distribution. The surveys

were conducted manually, on a normal working day and weekend. The survey has been conducted continuously

for 24 hours. In order to express the intensity of traffic, it would be convenient to express all these different vehicle

types in single unit terms. For this purpose, the PCU factors (IRC 106:1990) have been adopted and are given in

the Table 3.14.

Table 3.14 Adopted Passenger Car Units

Mode PCU factor

Heavy Motor Vehicles 4.5

Light Motor Vehicles 1.5

Car 1.0

Three Wheelers 1.0

Two Wheelers 0.5

Bicycle/Camel-drawn Vehicle 4.0

Source: IRC-106:1990

The traffic survey was carried out at following locations presented in Table 3.15 and Figure 30.

Table 3.15 Traffic Survey Locations

S. N. Location

Code

Location details Coordinates

1 T1 Gudamalani village- Intersection of MDR 16, Dhanau

Dhorimana Gudamalani BRO Road and SH 28

25°12'7.26"N, 71°42'52.36"E

2 T2 Loharwa village- Intersection of Dhanau Dhorimana Gudamalani BRO Road

25°13'48.30"N, 71°31'40.46"E

3 T3 Siwara village- Intersection of SH11, NH15 and MDR 17

24°54'58.78"N, 71°44'10.94"E

4 T4 Ramji ka Gol village- Intersection of NH 15 and SH28

25° 4'18.82"N, 71°36'53.16"E

• These roads cater to inter and intra city travel needs of various facilities and population residing in study

area. Other roads provide links connecting to various facilities inside the study area.

• The hourly variation of PCUs at above mentioned road intersections are presented below.


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Figure 36: Traffic Profile at T1



0.0

20.0

40.0

60.0

80.0

100.0

120.0

140.0

160.0

180.0

200.0

PC

U

Time

Traffic Profile at T3

Weekend Total Weekend Gudamalani to Nagar

Weekend Nagar to Gudamalani Weekday Total


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Figure 39:Traffic Profile at T4

Weekday

Peak Hour Traffic Composition

The analysis of the classified volume counts for peak hour at intersections on weekday indicates that-

Table 3.16- Peak Hour Traffic Composition

Traffic

Location

24rly Peak

Hour

Traffic Composition (%)

Heavy Motor

Vehicles

Light Motor

Vehicles

Cars Two

wheelers

Three

wheelers

Bicycle/Camel-

drawn Vehicle

T1 12.00-13.00 32 23 28 5 10 2

T2 09.00-10.00 3 28 30 4 31 4

T3 17.00-18.00 1 7 21 1 16 4

T4 14.00-15.00 29 21 33 6 8 3


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Figure 40: Peak Hour Traffic Composition (Vehicular) at T1- Weekday


3%

21%

25%21%

17%

13%

Peak Hour Traffic Composition (Vehicular) at T3

Heavy Motor Vehicles

Light Motor Vehicles

Car

Three Wheelers

Two Wheelers

Bicycle/Camel-drawnVehicle


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Figure 42:Peak Hour Traffic Composition (Vehicular) at T3- Weekday


Total Traffic Composition

The composition of vehicles during weekday at the selected traffic survey locations indicates that of the total

vehicles observed-

Table 3.17- Total Traffic Composition

Type of Vehicle T1 T2 T3 T4

Heavy Motor Vehicles 42 14 40 33

Light Motor Vehicles 18 21 170 17

Cars 24 28 154 31

Three wheelers 5 7 33 5

Two wheelers 10 25 175 11

Bicycle/Camel-drawn

Vehicle

1 5 28 3

Table 3.18- Classified Volume Count at Traffic survey locations

Location Total Motorized Vehicles Non-Motorized

Vehicle

Total

Count

PCU

Heavy

Motors

Vehicles

Light

Motors

Vehicles

Car Three

Wheelers

Two

Wheelers

Bicycle/Camel-

drawn Vehicle

T1 1068 456 608 143 248 31 2554 6489.0

T2 136 210 280 69 244 52 991 1606.0

T3 1294 764 1099 284 611 101 4153 9061.5

T4 1581 823 1492 227 520 119 4762 10804.0


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Figure 44: Total Traffic Composition (Vehicular) at T1- Weekday


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Weekend

Table 3.19- Peak Hour Traffic Composition

Traffic

Location

24rly Peak

Hour


Heavy Motor

Vehicles

Light Motor

Vehicles

Cars Two

wheelers

Three

wheelers

Bicycle/Camel-

drawn Vehicle

T1 12.00-13.00 46 12 17 8 14 3

T2 09.00-10.00 6 29 27 6 25 7

7%

18%

26%

14%

18%

17%

Total Traffic Composition (Vehicular) at T3



Car

Three Wheelers

Two Wheelers

Bicycle/Camel-drawnVehicle


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Traffic

Location

24rly Peak

Hour


Heavy Motor

Vehicles

Light Motor

Vehicles

Cars Two

wheelers

Three

wheelers

Bicycle/Camel-

drawn Vehicle

T3 11.00-12.00 6 15 27 15 16 19

T4 12.00-13.00 28 20 19 10 12 11

Figure 48: Peak Hour Traffic Composition (Vehicular) at T1- Weekend


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Table 3.20- Total Traffic Composition

Type of Vehicle

T1 T2 T3 T4

Heavy Motor Vehicles 50 14 72 32

Light Motor Vehicles 11 27 202 24

Cars 17 24 294 15

Three wheelers 8 7 161 12

Two wheelers 11 22 201 10

3%

21%

25%21%

17%

13%

Peak Hour Traffic Composition (Vehicular) at T3



Car

Three Wheelers

Two Wheelers

Bicycle/Camel-drawn Vehicle


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Type of Vehicle

T1 T2 T3 T4

Bicycle/Camel-drawn Vehicle 3 6 195 7

Table 3.21 Classified Volume Count at Traffic survey locations

Location Total Motorized Vehicles Non-Motorized

Vehicle

Total

Count

PCU

Heavy

Motors

Vehicles

Light

Motors

Vehicles

Car Three

Wheelers

Two

Wheelers

Bicycle/Camel-

drawn Vehicle

T1 1217 266 418 201 284 67 2453 6904.5

T2 124 231 202 62 192 52 863 1472.5

T3 1571 1203 758 596 479 373 4980 11959.5

T4 1571 1203 758 596 479 373 4980 11959.5

Figure 52: Total Traffic Composition (Vehicular) at T1- Weekend


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3.15 Ecological Environment This section establishes the baseline for the biological environment of the block on the basis of primary data

collected through field surveys and secondary data collated from the public domain. The area assessed for

baseline-establishment coincides with the area encompassed by the block boundary and is referred to in this

section as the Study Area. The scope of the baseline, in compliance with the applicable Terms of Reference (ToR),

covers the flora and fauna, protected areas and eco-sensitive areas with reference to the block.

Ecological Description of the Study Area

Geographically, the study area represents a part of the southern Thar Desert region, characterized by sandy or

gravelly plains and sand dunes. The northwestern quarter of the study area is dominated by partially consolidated

sand dunes, while the southeastern quarter is dominated by the fluvial terraces of the Luni River. The land generally


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slopes towards the main stem of the Luni River, which flows more or less north-south, alongside the southeastern

boundary of the block.

Ecologically, the study area represents a tract of Tropical Thorn Forest vegetation. Localized vegetation profiles

are governed by local climatic variables, such as temperature, rainfall, humidity and wind, in combination with

edaphic attributes, such as salinity and porosity. The habitat profile of the study area includes near-natural habitats,

such as scrubland, grassland, stony desert, sandy desert, ponds, streams and rivulets, as well as, modified

habitats, such as habitation, cultivation, sylvicultural plantations, artificial wetlands, roads and canals. The species

profile of the study area includes many habitat-specialist species adapted to desert habitats, as also, some

generalist species favouring habitation.

Methodology of the Study

Primary Data

Primary data was collected at ten sampling sites selected by applying the stratified systematic sampling method.

Table 3-20 presents details of the sampling sites, including location code, location coordinates, elevation above

mean sea level (a.m.s.l.), nearest village or town and habitat-profile of each site. Map showing biodiversity sampling

locations in the study area is presented in Figure 49.

Table 3.22 Details of Biodiversity Sampling Sites

Location

Code

Location Coordinates Elevation

a.m.s.l. (m)

Nearest Village/

Town

Habitat Profile

RJ1-EB1 25o 22’ 22.17” N, 71o 32’ 42.91” E 74 Goliya Jethmal Thorn Forest

RJ1-EB2 25o 21’ 08.32” N, 71o 34’ 48.97” E 70 Band Scrub, Pastureland

RJ1-EB3 25o 19’ 07.29” N, 71o 32’ 14.53” E 68 Udasar Thorn Forest

RJ1-EB4 25o 19’ 14.36” N, 71o 36’ 20.36” E 69 Kerali Thorn Forest, Tank

RJ1-EB5 25o 14’ 27.47” N, 71o 40’ 21.67” E 60 Mokhawa Temple Grove, Scrub

RJ1-EB6 25o 11’ 53.13” N, 71o 42’ 38.88” E 53 Gudamalani Plantation, Protected

Forest

RJ1-EB7 25o 12’ 18.94” N, 71o 37’ 41.32” E 49 Barasan Plantation, Farmland

RJ1-EB8 25o 15’ 20.85” N, 71o 35’ 26.01” E 60 Bhalikhal Degraded Scrub

RJ1-EB9 25o 13’ 40.91” N, 71o 31’ 44.38” E 58 Loharwa Thorn Forest, Wetland

RJ1-EB10 25o 10’ 56.45” N, 71o 33’ 16.79” E 44 Bhimthal Plantation, Protected

Forest

In case of floristic species, qualitative and quantitative data was collected at each sampling site, using the standard

quadrat methodology. Quadrat sizes employed were 20m x 20m for trees, 5m x 5m for shrubs and 1m x 1m for

herbs. Only higher floristic species, namely angiosperms, were covered.

In case of faunal species, qualitative data have been collected mainly at each sampling site. Any species recorded

outside the sampling sites have been ascribed to the nearest sampling site. Faunal records are based on direct

sightings, as well as, indirect evidence, such as calls, burrows, nests, droppings or scats. Only higher faunal

species, namely vertebrates, including mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians and fishes, were covered. Primary

data was collected through most of the diurnal period from early morning till late evening.

Secondary Data

Secondary data have been collated from suitable authenticated sources in the public domain. Sources of secondary

data mainly comprise of standard field guides, published research papers or articles, governmental publications

and websites of internationally recognized conservation organizations such as International Union for Conservation

of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN), Birdlife International, Conservation International, Wildlife Conservation

Society (WCS) and World Wildlife Fund (WWF). Supplementary information was obtained through informal

interactions with local communities.

Flora of the Study Area

The floristic baseline of the study area is based on the Forest Types identified within the study area, supported by

the primary floristic data recorded at the sampling sites.


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Forest Types

Type 6B/C1 (Sub-group 6B - Northern Tropical Thorn Forests, Climax Type C1 – Desert Thorn Forest)

This forest-type is found to occur at the ends of the range of the sub-group. It is associated with flat to undulating

land broken by hills or low hillocks. The associated soils are partly in situ, but mainly fluvial or aeolian deposits.

The typical form of this forest is associated with unstable sand in various stages of consolidation, while variant

forms develop on riverain strips or shifting sand. The typical form is composed of very scattered trees or shrubs

and characterized by an extremely open canopy. Consociations of certain species, notably Prosopis cineraria and

Vachellia senegal, are locally prominent.


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Figure 56. Biodiversity Survey Location Map


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Shrub Species: Aerva javanica, Crotalaria burhia, Leptadenia pyrotechnica, Calligonum polygonoides, Vachellia

jacquemontii, Grewia pilosa, Capparis zeylanica, Calotropis gigantea, Calotropis procera, Euphorbia nivulia,

Ziziphus nummularia and Tephrosia purpurea; and

Herb Species: Cenchrus barbatus, Lasiurus hirsutus, Cymbopogon jwarancusa, Eleusine flagellifera, Aristida spp.,

Dactyloctenium scindicum, Eragrostis spp., Saccharum bengalense and Heteropogon contortus.

Type 6B/E4 (Sub-group 6B - Northern Tropical Thorn Forests, Edaphic Type E4 – Salvadora Scrub)

This forest-type is an edaphic type associated with semi-arid or arid saline or alkaline soils.

Species typically associated with this forest-type include - Tree Species: Salvadora oleoides, Salvadora persica

and Tamarix aphylla.

Type 6B/1S1 (Sub-group 6B - Northern Tropical Thorn Forests, Seral Type 1S1 – Desert Dune Scrub)

This forest-type is a seral type determined by dry, sandy, unstable soil which is mounded up by wind into dunes.

The typical form is a very open and irregular formation composed of stunted trees and shrubs covering a very small

proportion of the soil. If the soil is composed of sand mixed with gravel, a distinct variant form develops. The trees

associated with both forms are thorny and all species making up the vegetation are markedly xerophytic.

Species typically associated with this forest-type include –

Tree Species: Prosopis cineraria, Vachellia nilotica, Salvadora oleoides, Vachellia senegal and Maytenus

emarginata;

Shrub Species: Capparis decidua, Leptadenia pyrotechnica, Aerva javanica, Crotalaria burhia, Leptadenia

pyrotechnica, Calotropis procera, Euphorbia royleana, Ziziphus nummularia, Sericostoma pauciflorum and Fagonia

indica; and

Herb Species: Aerva pseudotomentosa, Sida cordifolia, Boerhavia diffusa, Cleome gracilis, Indigofera spp.,

Tribulus spp., Convolvulus stocksii, Desmostachya bipinnata, Saccharum bengalense, Aristida spp., Eragrostis

spp. and Cynodon dactylon.

Source: H.G. Champion & S. K. Seth (2005). A Revised Survey of the Forest Types of India. Natraj Publishers,

Dehradun.

Floristic Species Recorded

Thirty-four (34) species of angiosperms were recorded during the floristic sampling. These comprise twenty-four

(24) woody species, which predominantly form the perennial ground-cover of the study area, and ten (10) non-

woody species, which predominantly form the annual or seasonal ground-cover of the study area.

Table 3.23 presents details of each species recorded during the floristic sampling, including its scientific name,

habit and botanical family. The table also presents the quantitative data obtained for each species, including its

percentage frequency, abundance and density. The woody and non-woody floristic species are listed in separate

sections.

Table 3.23 Floristic Species recorded in Study Area

Sr.

No.

Species Habit Family %

Frequency

Abundance Density

(per

hectare)

Woody Species

1 Aerva persica Shrub Amaranthaceae 30 1 120

2 Aerva pseudotomentosa Shrub Amaranthaceae 30 1.33 160

3 Azadirachta indica Tree Meliaceae 50 2.4 30

4 Calotropis gigantean Shrub Apocynaceae 20 1 80

5 Calotropis procera Shrub Apocynaceae 40 1 160

6 Capparis decidua Shrub Capparaceae 30 1 120

7 Clerodendrum phlomides Shrub Lamiaceae 10 1 2.5

8 Crotalaria burhia Shrub Fabaceae 10 3 120

9 Euphorbia nivulia Shrub Euphorbiaceae 20 1 80

10 Fagonia indica Shrub Zygophyllaceae 10 1 40


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Sr.

No.

Species Habit Family %

Frequency

Abundance Density

(per

hectare)

11 Lannea coromandelica Tree Anacardiaceae 10 1 2.5

12 Leptadenia pyrotechnica Shrub Apocynaceae 10 1 40

13 Lycium barbarum Shrub Solanaceae 10 1 40

14 Prosopis cineraria Tree Fabaceae 70 2 35

15 Prosopis juliflora Tree Fabaceae 100 7.6 190

16 Ricinus communis Shrub Euphorbiaceae 10 1 40

17 Salvadora persica Shrub Salvadoraceae 40 1.25 200

18 Tamarix aphylla Shrub Tamaricaceae 50 1.6 20

19 Tecomella undulate Tree Bignoniaceae 30 2.33 17.5

20 Tephrosia purpurea Shrub Fabaceae 10 1 40

21 Vachellia nilotica Tree Fabaceae 40 1.5 15

22 Vachellia Senegal Tree Fabaceae 20 1 5

23 Vachellia tortilis Tree Fabaceae 50 1 12.5

24 Ziziphus mauritiana Tree Rhamnaceae 60 2.33 560

Non-woody Species

25 Ammania desertorum Forb Lythraceae 10 1 1000

26 Cressa cretica Forb Convolvulaceae 10 1 1000

27 Datura metel Forb Solanaceae 10 1 1000

28 Echinops echinatus Forb Asteraceae 10 1 1000

29 Glinus lotoides Forb Molluginaceae 20 1 2000

30 Heliotropium marifolium Forb Boraginaceae 20 1 2000

31 Saccharum bengalense Grass Poaceae 10 1 1000

32 Suaeda fruticosa Forb Amaranthaceae 10 13 13000

33 Suaeda nudiflora Forb Amaranthaceae 10 8 8000

34 Unidentified Herb 1 Grass Poaceae 10 1 1000

Source: AECOM Primary Survey

Biodiversity Indices

Table 3.24 presents the Species Richness and Shannon Indices, as calculated from the primary floristic data.

Table 3.24 Biodiversity Indices

Sr. No. Biodiversity Index Value

1 Species Richness 34

2 Shannon Index for Woody Flora 2.593

3 Shannon Index for Non-woody Flora 1.732

Fauna of the Study Area

The faunal baseline of the study area is based on the species having recorded ranges that include the study area,

supported by the primary faunal data recorded in the study area. The following sub-sections provide details of the

faunal species reported from or recorded in the study area.

Mammals

At least thirty-two (32) species of mammals have recorded ranges that include the study area. One (01) of these

species is considered globally threatened. This is Smooth-coated Otter (Lutrogale perspicillata), which is

designated by the IUCN Red List as Vulnerable (VU). Seven (07) of these species are listed in Schedule I of the

Wildlife (Protection) Act of India (1972), indicating the highest level of legal protection granted to wild species by

the Indian constitution. These are Indian Gazelle (Gazella bennettii), Blackbuck (Antilope cervicapra), Caracal


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(Caracal caracal), Asiatic Wildcat (Felis sylvestris), Grey Wolf (Canis lupus), Honey Badger (Mellivora capensis)

and Smooth-coated Otter (Lutrogale perspicillata).

Seven of the mammalian species reported from the study area were recorded during the faunal sampling, including

the Schedule I – listed Indian Gazelle (Gazella bennettii). Details of the mammalian species of the study area are

presented in Appendix A of this report.

Birds

At least one hundred and thirty-nine (139) species of birds have recorded ranges that include the study area. As

per the IUCN Red List, eight (08) of these bird species are evaluated as globally threatened, while five (05) are

evaluated as globally near-threatened. The globally threatened species comprise three (03) species designated as

Critically Endangered (CR), namely White-rumped Vulture (Gyps bengalensis), Indian Vulture (Gyps indicus) and

Great Indian Bustard (Ardeotis nigriceps), two (02) species designated as Endangered (EN), namely Egyptian

Vulture (Neophron percnopterus) and Steppe Eagle (Aquila nipalensis), three (03) species designated as

Vulnerable (VU), namely Greater Spotted Eagle (Aquila clanga), Eastern Imperial Eagle (Aquila heliaca) and

Macqueen’s Bustard (Chlamydotis macqueenii). The globally near-threatened species comprise Black-headed Ibis

(Threskiornis melanocephalus), Red-necked Falcon (Falco chicquera), Laggar Falcon (Falco jugger), Cinereous

Vulture (Aegypius monachus) and Pallid Harrier (Circus macrourus).

Ten (10) of these species are listed in Schedule I of the Wildlife (Protection) Act of India (1972), indicating the

highest level of legal protection granted to wild species by the Indian constitution. These comprise eight (08)

resident species, namely Indian Peafowl (Pavo cristatus), Eurasian Spoonbill (Platalea leucorodia), Red-necked

Falcon (Falco chicquera), Laggar Falcon (Falco jugger), White-rumped Vulture (Gyps bengalensis), Indian Vulture

(Gyps indicus), Shikra (Accipiter badius) and Great Indian Bustard (Ardeotis nigriceps) and two (02) migratory

species, namely Osprey (Pandion haliaetus) and Macqueen’s Bustard (Chlamydotis macqueenii).

Details of the resident and migratory bird species of the study area are presented in Appendices B and C of this

report, respectively.

Resident Birds

Of the birds species having recorded ranges that include the study area, seventy-one (71) are known to be resident

with respect the study area. Forty-three (43) of these resident bird species were recorded during the faunal

sampling of the study area. Details of the resident bird species of the study area are presented in Appendix B of

this report.

Migratory Birds

Of the birds species having recorded ranges that include the study area, sixty-eight (68) are known to be migratory

with respect the study area. These include sixty-one (61) winter visitor species, three (03) summer visitor species

and four (04) passage visitor species. Five (05) migratory bird species were recorded during the faunal sampling

of the study area. Details of the migratory bird species of the study area are presented in Appendix C of this report.

Reptiles

At least thirty-four (34) species of reptiles have recorded ranges that include the study area. As per the IUCN Red

List, none of these species is evaluated as globally threatened or near-threatened. Two (02) of these species are

listed in Schedule I of the Wildlife (Protection) Act of India (1972), indicating the highest level of legal protection

granted to wild species by the Indian constitution. These are Indian Rock Python (Python molurus molurus) and

Desert Monitor (Varanus griseus). Two of the reptilian species reported from the study area were recorded during

the faunal sampling. Details of the reptilian species of the study area are presented in Appendix D of this report.

Amphibians

At least eight (08) species of amphibians have recorded ranges that include the study area. As per the IUCN Red

List, none of these species is evaluated as globally threatened or near-threatened. None of these species is listed

in any Schedule of the Wildlife (Protection) Act of India (1972). None of the amphibian species reported from the

study area were recorded during the faunal sampling. Details of the amphibian species of the study area are

presented in Appendix E of this report.

Fishes

At least eight (08) species of fishes have recorded ranges that include the study area. As per the IUCN Red List,

none of these species is evaluated as globally threatened or near-threatened. None of these species is listed in


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any Schedule of the Wildlife (Protection) Act of India (1972). None of the fish species reported from the study area

was recorded during the faunal sampling. Details of the fish species of the study area are presented in Appendix

F of this report.

RET Species of the Study Area

Fifteen floristic species and six faunal species with recorded ranges that include the study area have been identified

as RET (Rare, Endangered or Threatened) by the Rajasthan State Biodiversity Board for due approval by the

National Biodiversity Authority.

Details of these floristic and faunal RET species are presented in Table 3.25 and Table 3.26respectively. Details

presented include the scientific name, common name, region of occurrence and typical habitat-type of each

species, with respect to the study area.

.

Table 3.25 RET Flora of the Study Area

Sr.

No.

Scientific Name Common Name Region of Occurrence Typical Habitat Type

1 Ammania desertorum Motio Jal Bhangro Northwest Rajasthan Sandstone rocks

2 Anticharis glandulosa var.

caerulea

- Jaisalmer Rocks

3 Bouchea marrubifolia

schauer

Bai Northwest Rajasthan Gravel; Open, grassy

hill-tops

4 Convolvulus scindicum Keland Barmer -

5 Crypsis schoenoides - Jaisalmer -

6 Dignathia hirtella - Jalore -

7 Dipterygium glaucum - Northwest Rajasthan Gravel; Sand dunes

8 Ephedra ciliate Suo Phogara Northwest Rajasthan Rocks; Gravel; Sand

dunes

9 Eriolaena hookeriana Bhoti Dhaman Northwest Rajasthan Hills

10 Euphorbia jodhpurensis Dudheli Northwest Rajasthan -

11 Farsetia macrantha Motio Hiran Chabbo Barmer Rocks

12 Melhania denhamii - Barmer Sand dunes

13 Melhania magnifolia - Northwest Rajasthan Rocks

14 Monsonia heliotropioides Mayur Shikha Jaisalmer -

15 Nonea edgeworthii - Northwest Rajasthan Wheat fields

Source: environment.rajasthan.gov.in

Table 3.26 RET Fauna of the Study Area

Sr.

No.

Scientific Name Common Name Region(s) of Occurrence Typical Habitat Type(s)

Mammals

1 Caracal caracal Caracal Arid parts of Punjab, Haryana,

Rajasthan, Gujarat & Madhya

Pradesh

Semi-arid, rocky scrub

2 Mellivora capensis Honey Badger Throughout peninsular India Arid, hilly, stony country

3 Lutrogale

perspicillata

Smooth-coated Otter Non-arid parts of peninsular

India

Lakes, reservoirs,

rivers, canals, swamps

Birds

4 Gyps bengalensis White-rumped Vulture Peninsular India Around habitations

5 Gyps indicus Indian Vulture Peninsular India Around habitations


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Sr.

No.

Scientific Name Common Name Region(s) of Occurrence Typical Habitat Type(s)

6 Ardeotis nigriceps Great Indian Bustard Thar Desert, southwest

Kachchh & western Deccan

Plateau

Dry grasslands with

bushes

Source: environment.rajasthan.gov.in

Eco-sensitive Areas

This section highlights Protected Areas and other ecologically sensitive features in and around the study area.

Desert National Park

The Desert National Park (DNP) is situated approximately 85 km to the northwest from the nearest point on the

northwestern boundary of the block, near the proposed location of Well No. 27.

Sundhamata Conservation Reserve

The Sundhamata Conservation Reserve (SCR) is situated approximately 70 km to the southeast from the nearest

point on the southeastern boundary of the block, near the proposed location of Well No. 5.

Ecologically Sensitive Features

The following ecologically sensitive features of the study area:

Rivers and Streams i) The riparian ecosystem of a distributary of the Luni River: This rivulet flows through the south eastern

part of the block, near the proposed location of Well No. 5.

ii) The riparian ecosystem of the main stem of the Luni River: This river flows through the south eastern

part of the block, near the proposed location of Well No. 5.

Lakes and Ponds i) Kerali Naddi near Janiyon ki Dhani Village (approximate location coordinates: 25o 19’ 14.36” N, 71o

36’ 20.36” E): This is a small pond, locally referred to as a ‘naddi’. It is likely to be an important

waterhole for wildlife, as well as, a wintering habitat for migratory waterfowl. It is located near the

proposed location of Well No. 21.

ii) Lakhari Naddi in Loharwa Village (approximate location coordinates: 25o 13’ 40.91” N, 71o 31’ 44.38”

E): This is a large pond, locally referred to as a ‘naddi’. It is likely to be an important waterhole for

wildlife, as well as, a wintering habitat for migratory waterfowl. It is located near the proposed location

of Well No. 6.


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3.16 Socioeconomic Environment A socio-economic assessment is a procedure, in which the positive and negative impacts on the people likely to

be directly and indirectly affected by the project was conducted along with other studies during the EIA. The

assessment facilitated an understanding of the needs, demands, preferences, capacities and constraints of the

people in the vicinity of the project operation. It was undertaken primarily to enhance the understanding of other

relevant factors such as social organizations and networks, livelihood patterns, social infrastructure etc. The

assessment attempts to predict and evaluate future impacts of project upon people, their physical and

psychological health and well-being, their economic facilities, cultural heritage, lifestyle and other value system and

helped in prioritizing Vedanta’s commitment towards the CER initiatives. Inputs from the social assessment into

the design phase facilitated in:

• Tracking potential adverse effects over different time frames and different activities

• Reviewing options to eliminate such negative impacts through design changes or mitigate them through specific

social protection or mitigation measures

• Reviewing options to extend or enhance benefits for the population in the vicinity of the project site.

Area of Influence

Study area for present study has been divided in two part i.e. Core area and Buffer Area based on the impact type

direct and indirect. Core area means the area where the local community and villages are mostly impacted both

negative and positive impact. Buffer area is just outside (within 2.5 km radius of the proposed well location) the

core area where local community and villages might be impacted due to spill over of impact outside the core area.

The villages, where the proposed well sites are located are considered as core area, and the villages within 2.5 km

radius of the core zone villages are considered as buffer area villages, for the present project. List of core zone

villages and buffer zone villages is presented in Table 3.27 and Table 3.28.

These villages are primarily selected based on reconnaissance surveys, census data information, topo sheet maps,

understanding of the project and professional judgment. The villages falling under the Core area and the Buffer

area for which socio-economic baseline assessment has been undertaken have been mentioned in table below:

Table 3.27 Admirative Setting of Proposed Well Location

Well No. Village Name Tehesil Name District Name

1 Bhimthal Dhorimanna Barmer

2 Pabubera Dhorimanna Barmer

3 Bhambhuon Ka Bas Dhorimanna Barmer

4 Chak Gudha Dhorimanna Barmer

5 Chak Gudha Dhorimanna Barmer

6 Seelgan Dhorimanna Barmer

7 Jakhron Ki Dhani Dhorimanna Barmer

8 Lalaniyon Ki Dhani Dhorimanna Barmer

9 Barasan Dhorimanna Barmer

10 Jeewaniyon Ki Dhani Dhorimanna Barmer

11 Lookhon Ka Nada Dhorimanna Barmer

12 Tajaniyon Ki Dhani Dhorimanna Barmer

13 Mokhawa Dhorimanna Barmer

14 Mokhawa Dhorimanna Barmer

15 Alamsariya Dhorimanna Barmer

16 Sauon Ka Goliya Dhorimanna Barmer

17 Pabubera Dhorimanna Barmer

18 Mokhawa Khurd Dhorimanna Barmer

19 Dudapur Sindhari Barmer

20 Ardarsh Lookhoo Sindhari Barmer


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Well No. Village Name Tehesil Name District Name

21 Khadiyali Nadi Dhorimanna Barmer

22 Khadali Sindhari Barmer

23 Relon Ki Beri Sindhari Barmer

24 Kheecharo Ka Was Sindhari Barmer

25 Nai Band Sindhari Barmer

26 Ranasar Khurd Balotra Barmer

27 Mehloo Sindhari Barmer

28 Meethi Beri Dhorimanna Barmer

29 Siyolon Ki Beri Dhorimanna Barmer

Table 3.28 Villages With 2.5 km of Proposed Well Location

Well no. Village name Distance Direction Block name District name

1 Moodhasar 1.42 km SE Dhorimanna

Barmer Bhimthal 1.52 km NE Dhorimanna

2 Pabubera 1.45 KM SE Dhorimanna

Bhambhuon Ka Bas 2.12 KM E Dhorimanna

3 Bhambhuon Ka Bas 1.15 KM W Dhorimanna

4 No villages found within 2.5 km radius of the well location

5 Aalpura 2.01 km NE Dhorimanna

Barmer

6 Jakhron Ki Dhani 2.45 km E Dhorimanna

Der 1.14 km S Dhorimanna

7 Jakhron Ki Dhani 0.89 km NE Dhorimanna

Joona Khera 1.57 km SW Dhorimanna

8 Lalaniyon Ki Dhani 1.49 km NW Dhorimanna

Sanawara Kalan 2.31 km SW Dhorimanna


10 Bhilon Ki Dhani Kalan 2.51 km NE Dhorimanna Barmer


12 Lookhon Ka Nada 2.54 km NW Dhorimanna

Barmer

Tajaniyon Ki Dhani 0.42 km SW Dhorimanna

13 Bhali Khal 0.69 km SW Dhorimanna

14 Mokhawa 1.43 km SW Dhorimanna

15 Alamsariya 0.96 km N Dhorimanna

16 Koshle Ki Dhani 2.15 km NE Dhorimanna

17 Koshle Ki Dhani 2.45 km NW Dhorimanna


19 Dudapur 1.14 km S Dhorimanna

Barmer 20 Udasar 1.86 km SW Dhorimanna


22 Nai Khadali 1.22 km NE Sindhari

Lala Ki Beri 1.98 km NW Sindhari

23 Bhilon Ki Dhani Kalan 2.49 km SE Dhorimanna

24 Band 2.42 km SE Sindhari


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Bhilon Ki Dhani Kalan 1.76 km SW Dhorimanna Barmer

25 Andaniyon Ki Beri 2.12 km SE Sindhari

26 Andaniyon Ki Beri 2.58 km SW Sindhari

27 Shiv Nagar 1.98 km SW Sindhari



3.16.1 Methodology for Socio-economic Study

The social assessment was primarily based on the analysis of the secondary data obtained from the census survey

2011 and Community consultations. Following tools were used for gathering information and validating secondary

data after considering nature of project operation and understanding the demographic characteristic of the area.

Secondary Data Analysis

To evaluate socio-economic environment in the study area, secondary information from the 2011 Census handbook

has been referred to and details pertaining to habitations in the study area have been extracted and assessed.

Stakeholder Consultation:

Stakeholder Identification

At the beginning of the EIA process, the AECOM team conducted a preliminary identification of probable

stakeholders. An inventory of actual / potential stakeholders, including local groups and individuals, local institutions

like the panchayats which may be directly or indirectly affected by the project or with interest in the development

activities of the region was made at preliminary.

Stakeholder Consultations

Consultations with community are a continuous process that was carried in the EIA process and would be continued

during the construction and operation phases of the project. Issues like land and resource damage, social

disturbance, severance and increased congestion, noise and air pollution, employment opportunities, need for

development of basic infrastructure, safe drinking water, sanitation facilities in the villages located in 2.5 Km

periphery were discussed during the consultations so that they can be adequately addressed through the

environment management plans. The consultations also helped in developing preliminary understanding of the

requirement of social development initiatives, which are required in the project village and may be undertaken as

part of the Vedanta’s CER activity.

Administrative set up

Barmer district lies in Western Rajasthan. The district falls under the Jodhpur administrative division. It is bounded

by Jaisalmer district, Pakistan and Jalore district in the north, west and south respectively. The district of Jodhpur

forms its eastern border. The district is divided into 4 sub-divisions – Barmer, Balotra, Sheo and Guda Malani; 8

tehsils – Barmer, Baytoo, Chohtan, Guda Malani, Panchapadra, Dhorimana, Sheo and Siwana encompassing

2,160 villages under 17 Panchayat Samitis.

3.16.2 Socio-economic profile of Study Area

Demographic Profile

Core Zone A total number of 25 villages are coming under core zone area, where the proposed wells are located. According

to Census 2011, household size ranges from 5.11 to 6.85 in the core zone villages. Mokhawa village, shows the

highest population of 2488, the lowest populated village is Lalaniyon ki Dhani, with population size of 486. The

average sex ratio of the core zone villages is accounted as 904, which is marginally higher than the sex ratio of

Barmer (902). The average sex ratio of state Rajasthan is 926, which is higher to the core zone villages sex ratio.

Buffer Zone A total number of 25 villages are located, which are present in the 2.5 km radius of the well location, considered as

buffer zone. According to Census 2011, the household size ranges from 5.25 to 7 in the buffer area villages.

Gudhamalani shows the highest population with a population number of 6336, among the buffer area villages.

Average sex ratio of the buffer area villages accounted as 923, which is higher than sex ration of Barmer.


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SC/ST Communities

Core Zone

SC population accounts for 16.52% of the total population in the core zone villages, which is almost same with the

district percentage of Barmer (16.8%). Seelgan in Jalore district has the highest SC population (1022), in the core

zone villages. Similarly, the ST population of core zone villages is only 4.05% of the total population, which is lower

than the district percentage of Barmer (6.8%). Mokhawa, shows the maximum population of ST community, with a

population number of 676.

During consultations in the core zone villages of this block, it has been found that, SC and ST communities are

present in a large number, some villages are found, where the total population are coming under these two above

mentioned communities, of several castes.

Buffer Zone

SC population in the buffer area villages accounted as 16.52% of the total population, which is almost same with

the district percentage of Barmer. Gudhamalani has the SC population (1293) in buffer area villages. ST population

present in the buffer zone area, is only 5.84% of the total population, which is lower than the district average of ST

population in Barmer.

Educational profile

Core Zone

The overall literacy rate in the core zone is 45.75 % as compared to the state and district figures of 66.11 % and

45.64 % respectively. At 34.17 %, the female literacy rate in the core zone is significantly lower than the state (52.12

%) and marginally higher than the district (32.79 %). Similarly, the male literacy rate in the core zone was reported

to be 56.21 % vis-à-vis 79.19 % at the state level and 57.23 % at the district level. At the sub-division level, the

overall literacy, female literacy and male literacy stood at 45.71 %, 33.19 % and 57.16 % respectively. The literacy

rate (overall, female and male literacy) is the lowest in the core zone.

Buffer Zone

The overall literacy rate in the buffer zone is 48.73 % as compared to the state and district figures of 66.11 % and

45.64 % respectively. At 36.50 %, the female literacy rate in the buffer zone is significantly lower than the state

(52.12 %) and marginally higher than the district (32.79 %). Similarly, the male literacy rate in the buffer zone was

reported to be 59.95 % vis-à-vis 79.19 % at the state level and 57.23 % at the district level.

Occupation and Livelihood

Work Participation

Work Participation Ratio (WPR) is defined as percentage of total workers including main and marginal workers out

of the total population of the study area.

Core zone

The WPR in the core zone is reported to be 47.96 % as compared to 46.18 % at the district level and 48.45 % at

the sub-division level. From amongst the working population, 66.28 % in the core zone are classified as Main

Workers and the remaining 33.72 % as Marginal workers. Engagement of the Main workers in the core zone in the

agriculture sector (agricultural workers – 4.17 % and cultivators – 76.01 %) is high. Similarly, only 1.41 % of the

Main workers in the core zone are engaged in household industries. Other workers classified as members of the

working population engaged in sectors other than agriculture and household industries account for 18.40 % of the

Main workers in the core area.

Buffer zone

The WPR in the buffer zone is reported to be 44.66 % as compared to 46.18 % at the district level and 48.45 % at

the sub-division level. From amongst the working population, 67.86 % in the buffer zone are classified as Main

Workers and the remaining 32.14 % as Marginal workers. Engagement of the Main workers in the buffer zone in

the agriculture sector (agricultural workers – 6.11 % and cultivators – 63.69 %) is high. Similarly, only 1.89 % of the

Main workers in the buffer zone are engaged in household industries. Other workers classified as members of the

working population engaged in sectors other than agriculture and household industries account for 28.31 % of the

Main workers in the buffer area.


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Agriculture

Landholding Consultation with several farmers of that region reveal that, every farmer is owner of his own land and record of

rights of the land is with them. Consultation with a group of farmers also reveal that, every farmer in that region

own 2-3 hectares of land on an average. Cultivation is done mostly twice in a year; Ravi crop is cultivated in summer

season, and kharif is cultivated in the month of winter. The farmers also showed their concern, about the fact of

low availability of water in the canal, which has resulted to crop loss in the region.

Other farm-based Livelihood Other than agriculture people of that region also engaged in animal husbandry, poultry farming etc.

Irrigation

Core zone

87.57 % of the net sown area in the core zone is unirrigated. The 12.43 % of the irrigated agricultural land draw

water from two sources – canal (2.19 %) and wells/ tube wells (97.81 %). Within the core zone, Relon Ki Beri

(74.06 %) accounts for the highest proportion of irrigated area. 10 villages – Bhambhuon Ka Bas, Bhimthal, Khadali,

Khadiyali Nadi, Kheecharo Ka Was, Lalaniyon Ki Dhani, Lookhon Ka Nada, Mokhawa KhurdSauon Ka Goliya and

Tajaniyon Ki Dhani do not have access to any form of irrigation. Canals serve as the sole source of irrigation for 2

villages – Pabubera ad Seelgan. Similarly, Wells/ Tube Wells serve as the sole irrigation source for 13 villages –

Alamsariya, Barasan, Chak Gudha, Dudapur, Jhakron Ki Dhani, Jeewaniyon Ki Dhani, Meethi Beri, Mehloo,

Mokhawa, Nai Band, Ranasar Khurd, Relon Ki Beri and Siyolon Ki Beri.

Buffer zone

81.54 % of the net sown area in the buffer zone is unirrigated. The 18.46 % of the irrigated agricultural land draw

water from two sources – canal (4.14 %) and wells/ tube wells (95.86 %). Within the buffer zone, Siyolon Ki Dhani

(55.20 %) accounts for the highest proportion of irrigated area. 9 villages – Bhali Khal, Heraj Ka Gol, Janiyon Ki

Dhani, Kharodi, Koshle Ki Dhani, Lakhari Nadi, Moodhsar, Nai Khadali and Shiv Nagar do not have access to any

form of irrigation. Canals serve as the sole source of irrigation for 2 villages – Der and Dharmpura. Similarly, Wells/

Tube Wells serve as the sole irrigation source for 15 villages Aalpura, Alamsar Khurd, Andaniyon Ki Beri, Bakani

Sarnon Ki Dhani, Band, Bhilon Ki Dhani, Dheemri, Goliya Jetmal, Gudha Malani, Khar Ki Beri, Lala Ki Beri, Punja

Beri, Siyolon Ki Dhani, Udaniyon Ki Dhani and Udasar.

Land use pattern

Core zone

Only 3 villages – Bhimthal, Chak Gudha and Mokhawa have forest area. Forest area, area under non-agricultural

uses, barren &uncultivable land, permanent pastures, land under miscellaneous tree crops etc., culturable waste

land, fallows land other than current fallows, current fallows and net sown area are reported to be 0.75 %, 3.31 %,

3.01 %, 5.14 %, 0 %, 1.66 %, 7.13 %, 13.13 % and 65.87 % of the total core zone respectively. Dudapur (4.67 %),

Bhimthal (6.93 %), Lalaniyon Ki Dhani (10.89 %), Bhambhuon Ka Bas (14.21 %), Ranasar Khurd (18.02 %), Meethi

Beri (29.08 %) and Jeewaniyon Ki Dhani (90.93 %) account for the highest proportions of area under non-

agricultural uses, barren and uncultivable land area, permanent pastures and other grazing land area, culturable

waste land area, fallow land other than current fallows, current fallows and net area sown respectively.

Buffer zone

Only 2 villages – Gudha Malani and Moodhsar have forest area. Forest area, area under non-agricultural uses,

barren &uncultivable land, permanent pastures, land under miscellaneous tree crops etc., culturable waste land,

fallows land other than current fallows, current fallows and net sown area are reported to be 1.62 %, 1.23 %, 1.32

%, 0 %, 2.01 %, 9.15 %, 13.43 % and 69.99 % of the total buffer zone respectively. Heraj Ka Gol (20.37 %), Gudha

Malani (15.60 %), Bakani Sarnon Ki Dhani (41.96 %), Punja Beri (10.48 %), Janiyon Ki Dhani (25.92 %), Sanwara

Kalan (30.88 %) and Kharodi (87.34 %) account for the highest proportions of area under non-agricultural uses,

barren and uncultivable land area, permanent pastures and other grazing land area, culturable waste land area,

fallow land other than current fallows, current fallows and net area sown respectively.

Non-farm-based Livelihood

Industries The study area doesn’t have any presence of large-scale industries. Consultation with the people of this block

revealed the eagerness of the mass to bring large scale industries, which would facilitate the prevailing problem of

unemployment in among the youth.


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Livestock

Livestock can be regarded as the second highest livelihood, after agriculture in this block. Almost every household

has the possession of a good amount of cattle. The most common animals are cow, goat, ship and camel which is

used as a livestock. Mostly female members are engaged in the maintenance of livestock in this region.

Wage labour The concept of wage labour in this region is very limited, but during consultation it was discovered that in past

recent years youths of that region are more tending to work as wage labour, in various projects like construction

project, at nearby township.

3.16.3 Social Infrastructure

Educational Infrastructure

The core zone and the buffer zone account for 9 Pre-primary schools each. Only 7 out of the 25 villages in the core

zone have Pre-primary schools. Similarly, only 6 out of the 28 villages in the buffer zone have Pre-primary schools.

The core zone and buffer zone account for 35 Primary schools each. In the core zone, village Ranasar Khurd

reported 5 Primary schools and Gudha Malani in the buffer zone reported 9 Primary schools. There are 14 and 19

schools each in the core zone and buffer zone. Within the study area, village Gudha Malani accounts for a maximum

number of 7 Middle schools. There are 16 Secondary schools in the study area – 6 in the core zone and 10 in the

buffer zone. With respect to Senior secondary education, there are 2 Senior secondary schools in the study area

– both in the buffer zone.

Drinking Water

Core zone

In the buffer zone, 12 villages have access to treated tap water and 6 villages reported dependence on covered

wells for sourcing drinking water. None of the villages have access to hand pumps whereas 13 villages depend on

tube wells/ boreholes. The number of villages depending on springs, river/ canals and tanks/ ponds/ lakes were

reported to be 7, 2 and 17 respectively.

Buffer zone

Only 10 villages in the core zone have access to treated tap water. Similarly, 7 villages have covered wells and

only 1 village has hand pumps. 13 villages reported the presence of Tube wells/ boreholes as sources of drinking

water. The number of villages in the core zone having access to springs, rivers/ canals and tanks/ ponds/ lakes

were reported to be 7, 3 and 19 respectively.

Sanitation

Core zone

In the core zone, 6 villages do not have access to any form of drainage and 13 villages have access to closed

drainage. 16 villages have access to Open Pucca drainage. None of the villages have Sewage plants and drain

water is directly discharged to water bodies. Only 7 villages are covered by the Total Sanitation Campaign (TSC).

Only one village Mokhawa has a Rural production centre/ Sanitary hardware outlet. There are no Community Toilet

Complexes, Community Bio-gas or recycle of waste for production use plants or Garbage collection systems in the

core zone.

Buffer zone

In the buffer zone, 9 villages do not have access to any form of drainage and 16 villages have access to closed

drainage. 16 villages have access to Open Pucca drainage. None of the villages have Sewage plants and drain

water is directly discharged to water bodies. Only 7 villages are covered by the TSC. Only one village – Gudha

Malani has a Community Toilet Complex, Community Bio-gas or recycle of waste for production use and Garbage

collection system.

Community Health

Core zone

Only one village, Lookhon ka Nada in the core zone area, have the facility of primary health centre, but no

community health centre or hospital is present in core zone area of villages.


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Buffer zone

No villages in the buffer zone area has the facility of Primary health centre or community health centre, but some

PHCs are present 5 to 10 km far from the buffer zone area villages. two Primary health sub centres are present in

the buffer zone area villages. No hospital is present within 10 km radius of the buffer zone area villages.

Post Offices, Roads and Banking Services

Core zone

There are no Post Offices or Post and Telegraph Offices in the core zone. There are 8 Sub Post offices in the

villages located within the core zone. Except for 3 villages – Dudapur, Lookhon Ki Dhani and Mehloo, all the

remaining villages have access to Landline telephones and all villages apart from 4 – Dudapur, Lalaniyon Ki Dhani,

Lookhon Ka Nada and Mehloo have Public Call Office (PCO). While all villages are covered by mobile network,

only 7 have Internet Cafes/ Common Service Centres (CSC). None of the villages are serviced by Private Courier

Facility and only 1 – Chak Gudha is served by Public Buses. There are no Railway Stations or National Highways

in the core zone. Similarly, 7 villages have access to State Highways, 4 have access to Black Topped (pucca)

Roads and 5 are connected by All Weather Roads. All villages are covered by Other District Roads. There are no

ATMs, Commercial Banks or Cooperative Banks in the core zone. There is only 1 Agricultural Credit Society

situated in Bhimthal village.

Buffer zone

There is only one Post Office and Post and Telegraph Office in the buffer zone – in village Gudha Malani. There

are 8 Sub Post offices in the villages located within the buffer zone. 17 villages have access to Landline Telephones

and PCOs. All villages are covered under mobile network and only 6 have Internet Cafes/ CSCs. Only 1 village –

Gudha Malani is serviced by Private Courier facility. 4 villages – Aalpura, Dheemri, Gudha Malani and Udaniyon Ki

Dhani are connected to the District headquarters and other parts of the state by Private bus service. There are no

Railway Stations or National Highways in the buffer zone. Only 4 villages – Aalpura, Dheemri, Gudha Malani and

Udaniyon Ki Dhani are connected by State highways. Major District Roads pass through 8 villages and except for

1 village – Bakani Sarnon Ki Dhani, all villages are connected by Other District Roads. Only 3 villages – Aalpura,

Band and Gudha Malani have access to Black Topped (pucca) Roads. Except for 4 villages – Aalpura, Band,

Gudha Malani and Sanwara Kalan, all other villages have access to All Weather Roads. There is only ATM,

Commercial Bank and Cooperative Bank in the buffer zone – in Gudha Malani village. There are 3 Agricultural

Credit Societies – one each in village Band, Dheemri and Gudha Malani.

3.16.4 Tourism, Heritage and Cultural Resources

The study area encompassing 25 core and 25 buffer villages falls under the Gudamalaani sub-division of Barmer

district. There are no significant sites bearing cultural, historical, religious or spiritual importance within the study

area that will be impacted by the proposed extraction of oil by the client. Ruled by the Rathore dynasty during the

pre-independence era, Gudamalaani is home to several historical temples including that of Bhuteswar temple,

Guru Jambheswer Bhawan temple and the Bholaghar Ji temple. The temples attract devotees from across the sub-

division, block and even district during religious festivities such as Shiv Ratri, Diwali etc. Aalam Ji is one of the most

revered religious figures among the local people. Widely considered to be the re-incarnation of Saint Rampeer, he

is worshipped by Hindus and Muslims alike.The study area is inhabited by ‘Bhopas’ – a traditional singing

community who compose and sing songs in honour of various deities and war heroes2. The exact number of

Bhopas inhabiting the study area could not be ascertained.

Some of the key tourist destinations in the Barmer district includes the Kiradu temple, Barmer Fort and Garh temple,

Shri Nakoda Jain temple, Devka-Sun temple, Vishnu temple, Rani Bhatiyani temple, Juna Fort and temple,

Chintamani Parasnath Jain temple, Mahabar Sand Dunes and Safed Akhara. Mallinath cattle fair, one of the largest

cattle fairs in India takes place in the Tilwara village of the district. Barmer is also famous for some of the most

exquisite and intricately designed wood carvings, carpets, rugs and shawls.

3.16.5 Stakeholder Consultation

Mapping and analysis of stakeholders was undertaken with the objective of identifying key stakeholder groups;

studying their profile, characteristics and the nature of their stakes; gauging their influence on the project; and

understanding the specific issues, concerns as well as expectations of each group from the project.

2 Joshi, O.P. (1976). Painted folklore and folklore painters of India: A study with reference to Rajasthan. Concept Publishing Company.


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Key stakeholder groups who were consulted during the site visit include Village head (Panchayet Pradhan),

Headmaster of schools, Doctors, if available in PHC, administrative officers and local people. Details of stakeholder

consultations undertaken during the site visit.

Key points of stakeholder consultation: Consultation with several group of stake holders, reveal the socio-economic issues, of the targeted villages:

• Most of the villages are facing the problem of drinking water.

• The water tanks which are made by Government are in bad condition and does not contain any drinking water.

Remaining source of drinking water is hand pump, but the water quality is not good and from the locals and

the Public Health Centre it has been confirmed, that the water is fluoride contaminated.

• RO units which has been set up by the government, most of the units are closed, due to lack of maintenance.

• Though the block has an access of canal, for irrigation purpose, but in summer season the water is not

available in the canal, only in winter season water flows through the canal. Most of the irrigation are done

from borewell source.

• Villagers have to buy water from other sources, which put a burden on their economy.

• Primary Health center is unavailable in most of the villages. Some village has the facility of primary health sub

centres.

• Unemployment is an emerging reason among the youths of the villages, which has been discussed during a

consultation with a group of young people.

• The facilities from governmental scheme are not thoroughly distributed, to all the villagers.

• Several death incidents of cattle have occurred during the summer season.

• Malaria, Dengue are the prevailing disease in this block.

Photographs of Community consultations

Consultations with Farmer at Jeewaniyon ki Dhani

(24/04/2019) Consultation with Panchayat at Pabubera

(24/04/2019)


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Consultations in School at Moodhasar

(24/04/2019) Consultation with farmer at Chak Gudha (24/04/2019)


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4. Anticipated Environmental Impact and Mitigation Measures This chapter presents the identified environmental impacts due to the proposed project and outlines

alternatives any mitigation measures for minimizing adverse impacts.

4.1 Impact Assessment Methodology An environmental impact identification matrix has been developed to present an overview of possible interactions

between project aspects and components of the environment which may get affected. The matrix considers

physical, biological and socio-economic components of the environment on one axis (X axis) and activities of the

proposed drilling project on the other side (Y axis). Aspects and impacts on environmental components which would

be relevant to the different phases of the project e.g. pre-drilling activities, drilling, early production

decommissioning have been addressed in the matrix. Environmental and socio-economic components were

identified based on reviewing of applicable legislations project specific features and baseline environment, site

reconnaissance visits, discussions with stakeholders.

Potential environmental impacts that may result from any of the identified project activity has been identified in a

matrix based on activity-component interaction and is presented in Table 4.3. The impacts which has been

identified in the matrix have been assessed for its significance based on significance criteria delineated in Section

4.2 and 4.3.

4.2 Impact Criteria and Ranking Once all project environmental aspects were comprehensively identified for the different activities of the project,

the level of impact that may result from each of the activity-component interactions has been assessed based on

subjective criteria.

For this, three key elements have been taken into consideration based on standard environmental assessment

methodologies:

• Severity of Impact: Degree of damage that may be caused to the environmental components concerned;

• Extent of Impact: Geographical spread of impact around project location and corridors of activities; and

• Duration of Impact: Time for which impact lasts taking project life-cycle into account.

These elements have been ranked in three levels viz. 1 (low), 2 (moderate) and 3 (high) based on the following

criteria provided in Table 4.1:

Table 4.1 Impact Prediction Criteria

Impact

Elements Criteria Ranking

Severity • Regional impact resulting in long term and/ or medium damage to the natural

environment.

• Major impact on community and occupational health (e.g. serious injury, loss

of life) on account of accidental events viz. well blow-outs and related

operational activities.

3

• Local scale impact resulting in short term change and / or damage to the natural

environment.

• Temporary loss of land, source of livelihood for affected communities

• Local scale impact on terrestrial habitat, endangered species, drainage pattern

and community resources.

• Moderate impact on occupation and community health &well being (e.g. noise,

light, odour, dust, injuries to individuals)

2

• Limited local scale impact causing temporary loss of some species etc. 1


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Impact

Elements Criteria Ranking

• Limited impact on human health and well-being (e.g. occasional dust, odour,

light, and traffic noise).

Extent • Regional scale impact and including impacts to physical, biological and socio-

economic environment of the block

3

• Largely local level impact limited to immediate vicinity of the proposed well sites 2

• Impact not discernible on a local scale and is limited within the boundaries of

the drill site

1

Duration • The impact is always likely to occur during the entire project life cycle. 3

• The impact is likely to occur in some phases of project life under normal

operating conditions.

2

• The impact is very unlikely to occur at all during project life cycle but may occur

in exceptional circumstances.

1

A positive or beneficial impact that may result from this project has not been ranked and has been depicted in the

form of ++.

4.3 Impact Significance The significance of impact has been determined based on a multiplicative factor of three element rankings. The

Table 4.2 depicts impact significance in a scale of LOW-MEDIUM-HIGH and would be used for delineation of

preventive actions, if any, and management plans for mitigation of impacts.

Impact significance has been determined considering measures which have been factored in the design and

planning phase of the project. Legal issues have been taken into account, wherever appropriate in the criterion

sets, to aid in Cairn Oil & Gas effort to comply with all relevant legislation and project HSE requirements.

Additionally, the results of quantitative impact prediction exercise, wherever undertaken, have also been fed into

the process.

Table 4.2 Criteria Based Significance of Impacts

Severity of Impact

(A) Extent of Impact (B)

Duration of Impact

(C)

Impact Significance (A X B X C)

1 1 1 1

Low 1 1 2 2

1 2 1 2

1 1 2 2

2 1 2 4

Medium

1 2 2 4

3 1 2 6

1 3 2 6

2 2 2 8

3 2 2 12

High

2 3 2 12

2 2 3 12

3 3 2 18

3 2 3 18

2 3 3 18

3 3 3 27

- Beneficial Impact - ++ Positive


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To assist in determining and presenting significance of an impact, an impact evaluation matrix (Table 4.3) has been

developed based on the one developed for the impact identification exercise. In addition to ranked weights,

significance of impacts has been depicted using colour codes for easy understanding. In case an environmental

component is impacted by more than one project activity or the activity would impact a sensitive receptor e.g.

settlement, school, hospitals, forest etc. a high significance ranking of “>12” has been considered. A second

evaluation matrix presents significance of impacts after considering that proposed mitigation measures would be

implemented

The impacts on each of the environmental components and its significance during the different stages of the project

have been discussed in detail in the following section. This is followed by a point wise outline of mitigation measures

recommended.


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Table 4.3. Impact Identification Matrix

Environment Activity

Physical Environment Biological Environment Socio-economic Environment

Ae

sth

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Air

Qua

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life

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A. Pre-Drilling Activities

Site selection and land acquisition x x x x

Site preperation x x x x x x x X x x + x Well site & access road construction x x x x x x x + x x

Sourcing & transportation of borrow material etc x x x x x x x x x x x + x x

Storage and handling of construction debris x x x Transportation of drilling rig and ancillaries x x x x x x x x

Operation of DG set x x

Consumption of water for construction & domestic use for labourer x x Generation of domestic solid waste & disposal x x x x x

Generation of waste water & discharge from x x x x


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Ae

sth

etics &

Vis

ua

ls

Air

Qua

lity

Nois

e Q

ua

lity

Tra

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Tra

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La

nd

Use

So

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ualit

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rain

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Physio

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Su

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Influx o

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Cultu

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Heri

tag

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Com

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ealth

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construction activity & labour camp

Surface run-off from construction site x x x x x x

B. Drilling & Testing Physical Presence of drill site x x Operation of DG sets and machinery x x x x x

Operation of drilling rig x x x x

Storage and disposal of drill cuttings and mud x x

x x x

Generation of process waste water & discharge x x Surface run-off from drill site x x x Generation of domestic waste water & discharge x x x Generation of Municipal waste & disposal x x x Workforce engagement & accommodation at drill site x x x + x


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Ae

sth

etics &

Vis

ua

ls

Air

Qua

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Tra

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Use

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Wild

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Ha

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Com

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Flaring during well testing x x x x

Accidental events – blow out x x x x x x x x x

Accidental events-spillage of chemical & oil x x x

C. Early Production

Flaring of Gas x x x

GEG/ DG Set of Emission x

Produced Water x x x x

D. Decommissioning and Reinstatement

Dismantling of rig and associated facilities x x x X

Transportation of drilling rig and ancillaries x x x X

Removal of well site construction materials & disposal x x x


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4.4 Impact Assessment This section discusses the impacts of the project activities on the environmental receptors. It discusses probable

impacts during various phases of the project lifecycle on the environmental and socio-economic components.

Rankings for every activity – component interaction is based on the criterion set earlier and resulting environmental

significance with necessary justification that has been recorded below for every set of impacts and the same has

been represented in evaluation matrices. In broader context, it is however important to remember that operations

related to drilling, testing and early production activities also include positive socio-economic impacts in terms of

increase in local business opportunities and on a larger perspective, by providing potential energy security at a

national level.

4.5 Potential Impact and Mitigation Measures on

Visual Environment & Aesthetics Source of Impact: Aesthetics and visual environment impacts due to setting up of the proposed project would be

of low scale and temporary in nature. There would be no significant change in landuse. Only the drilling rig boom

with associated facilities including one flare stack and DG sets would be visible from the adjoining road and

settlement area. The land area of disturbance is also very less of the order of 9 Ha and the elevated rig would be

visible from a distance.

Mitigation Measures:

If no hydro-carbon is found from the well for economic recovery, then same would be closed and all supporting

facilities would be demobilized. The surface of earth after any unsuccessful attempts of oil exploration would be

restored back to normalcy in line with the prevailing land use status of the area.


Land Use Source of impact: Land would be required for the drilling operations. In case of QPU the same drill site would be

used, and no new area would be procured.

Assessment of Impact

Site preparation

Potential impact on drainage is primarily anticipated in the form of disruption of natural drainage pattern during site

preparation and approach road construction. Since site preparation involves rising of acquired land to about 2 m

from the ground level it may lead to alteration of onsite micro-drainage pattern leading to potential problems of

obstruction of natural flow of water. Since the Block is located in the arid region of Barmer district the impacts may

not be pronounced during normal climatic conditions. This problem is likely would be further aggravated due to

flash floods experienced in the district.

The access to majority of the drill sites in RJ-ONHP-2017/1 is characterized by paved and unpaved rural roads.

Well specific environmental setting study shows that most of the wells can be approached by an existing road.

However, for site approach a road need would be constructed. Widening and strengthening of existing

paved/unpaved road would be required for transportation of drilling rig and heavy equipment to the well site.

Widening/ new construction of roads could result in the alteration of drainage unless proper cross drainage

structures are provided and may lead to water-logging of adjacent lands.

Well Site Restoration

Site restoration would be initiated for well site not indicative of any commercially exploitable hydrocarbon reserves.

Unplanned restoration may lead to the long-term disruption in natural drainage pattern and water logging in

neighbouring agricultural land abutting the site. However, adequate care would be taken by Vedanta Limited.

(Division Cairn Oil & Gas) to restore the site back to its original condition based on the originally existing contours

and predominant slope to prevent any such adverse drainage impacts. The impact is considered would be of

medium significance with onsite drainage being dependent on the proper site restoration.


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Severity of Impact 2 Extent of Impact 1 Duration of Impact 2

Impact Significance = 4 i.e. Low

Mitigation Measure

• During the construction of the access road adequate cross drainage structures would be provided

considering the topography of the alignment.

• Leveling and grading operations would be undertaken with minimal disturbance to the existing

contour, thereby maintaining the general slope of site;

• Disruption/alteration of micro-watershed drainage pattern would be minimized to the extent possible.

• The excavated material from the drill site would be stored (temporarily /permanently) in uncultivated

land and would be away from any drainage channel.

4.7 Potential impact and Mitigation Measures on

Topography & Drainage

Potential impact on drainage and topography viz. alteration of drainage pattern are anticipated during well site

preparation, widening/strengthening of access roads and restoration of well facilities. The impact details have been

discussed in the below section.

Impacts during road & site development

The strengthening of the access road would require some earth works especially at the sharp bends. The existing

access road, culverts would not be disturbed. Thus, no change in the micro-drainage pattern along the access

roads is expected.

For drilling operations approximately 9 ha. land site would be required. The site would be selected taking

considering drainage pattern, thus during site preparation the cutting and filling would be limited. No change in the

micro-drainage pattern and slope of the areas in the vicinity of the site is expected. In case of unplanned disposal

of soils and other waste Blockage of local drainage channels can happen. Considering the above factors all these

impacts would be temporary (in construction phase only) are largely at local level.


Impact Significance = 8 i.e. Medium

Mitigation Measure • Leveling and grading operations would be undertaken with minimal disturbance to the existing contour,

thereby maintaining the general slope of site;

• Provision of drainage system would be made for surface run-off.

4.8 Potential Impact and Mitigation Measures on Air

Quality Source of Pollution: The probable sources of impact on ambient air quality during different phase of

the project are listed below.

• Pre-drilling phase:

o Site development/preparation;

o Operation of vehicles and construction machinery;

o Transportation, storage, handling of construction material, disposal of construction

waste;

o Operation of DG sets

• Drilling phase:

o Operation of DG sets;


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o Emissions from flare stack;

o Transport of drilling chemical and manpower etc.

o Early production phase

• Quick/Early Production phase:

o GEG combustion stack

o Emission from Flare Stack when GEG is not under operation

• De-commissioning phase:

o Decommissioning of rig and associated facilities;

o Transport of de-mobilised rigs and machineries

Control Measures: Project design stage control measures are as follows:

• Vehicle, equipment and machinery used for drilling would conform to applicable emission norms;

• Drilling chemical and materials would be stored in covered areas to prevent fugitive emissions;

• GEG/DG set stacks would have adequate height, as per statutory requirements, would be able

to adequately disperse exhaust gases; and

• Flare stacks of adequate height would be provided.

Assessment of Impact: The potential impact due to above mentioned activities has been discussed

in the following section.

Fugitive emission: Fugitive dust emissions due to the proposed project would be principally associated

with emissions of dust during the site preparation. The dust generated would be primarily from the

handling and transportation of fill material and re-entrainment of dust during movement of the vehicles

on unpaved roads. The generation of such fugitive dust is likely would be governed by micro-

meteorological conditions (wind speed and direction). Effects of dust emissions are heightened by dry

weather and high wind speeds and effectively reduced to zero when soils and/or ambient conditions

are wet. However, dust generated from the site development and construction activity would be

generally settle down on the adjacent areas within a short period due to its larger particle size.

Emissions from Vehicles/Equipment: The pre-drilling, drilling and decommissioning operations

would involve movement of diesel operated vehicles and operation of machineries and equipment.

Heavy vehicles would be particularly intense during site preparation and decommissioning phases.

Gaseous pollutants such as NO2, SO2, are likely would be emitted from operation of vehicles and

machineries.

Impacts from Operation of DG sets and Flaring: The proposed project would involve the operation

of two diesel driven 1000 KVA generators for drilling of each exploratory wells. Combustion of fuel in a

DG sets typically happens at high temperatures resulting in generation of considerable amounts of NO2.

The SO2 concentration in emissions is dependent on the Sulphur content in fuel burnt and particulate

matter consisting of unburnt carbon particles. The emissions from the DG set would be discharged into

the atmosphere through a stack of height adequate.

Impact during the Drilling Phase

Flaring of gases primarily during the drilling testing phase would contribute to additional air pollution.

Flaring involves high temperature oxidation process to burn combustible gases that may be generated

from the proposed well sites. The pollutant of concern from flaring would be NOx and SO2.

For prediction of Ground Level Concentrations (GLCs) at various distances from the sources of the

above-mentioned pollutants, an air modelling exercise has been undertaken which is discussed in the

impact prediction section below.

The input parameters considered in the impact prediction modelling undertaken using AERMOD is

given in Table 4.4. Prediction of impacts on air environment has been carried out by AERMOD.


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Table 4.4 Input Parameter Considered for Modelling of DG Set

Emission sources Stack height

(m)

Stack dia. (m)

Stack gas

temp. (K)

Stack gas

velocity m/s)

Emission Rate (g/s)

NO2

1000 KVA DG* 10 0.305 573.0 4.52 2.04 1000 KVA DG*

10

1000 KVA DG* 10 0.305 573.0 4.52 2.04 1000 KVA DG*

10

Flaring Stack (testing) 30 0.078 1273.0 20.0 0.023 Flaring Stack (testing)

30

Source: DG Book

Presentation of Results

The predicted ground level concentrations (GLC) have been estimated at various receptor locations at

500 m interval in a grid of 20*20 km around the project drill site. The 24-hrly incremental concentrations

have been predicted for the entire year. The results for SO2, NO2 and PM10 are presented in Table-

4.2. The isopleths for SO2, NO2 and PM10 ground level concentrations are depicted in Figure-57, 58,

59,60,and 61 respectively.

Resultant Concentrations after implementation of the Project

The maximum incremental 24 hourly GLCs due to the proposed project for SO2, NO2 and PM10 are

superimposed on the maximum baseline SO2, NO2 and PM10 concentrations recorded during the

primary study. The resultant concentrations (baseline + incremental) after implementation of the project

are tabulated below in Table-4.5

Table 4.5. Resultant Consideration for PM10, NO2 and SO2

Pollutant Maximum Distance AAQ Highest

Concentration

Recorded

During the

Study

(µg/m3)

Incremental

24hourlyConce

ntration due to

Drilling

(µg/m3)

Resultant

Concentration

(µg/m3)

SO2 0-2km 17.70 0.09 17.79

2-5km 17.70 0.06 17.76

NO2

5-10KM 17.70 0.02 17.72

0-2km 49.90 28.0 77.9

2-5km 49.90 20.0 69.9

5-10KM 49.90 8.0 57.9

PM10 0-2km 92.0 0.96 92.96

2-5km 92.0 0.48 92.48

5-10KM 92.0 0.32 92.32

The rise in ground level concentrations would be practically negligible and the fallout would be mostly

occurring within a radius of 500 m. The maximum GLCs for SO2, NO2 and PM10 after implementation

of the proposed project would be well within the prescribed standards for rural and residential areas.

Based on the above details, it can be inferred that proposed project would have an insignificant

impact on the prevailing ambient air quality status.


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Impacts during the Early Production (EP) stage:

During the EP phase there would be only one point source emission from GEG combustion stack.

There would be no other point sources except a standby DG set which would be operated as backup

power source when the GEG is not operating. The flue gases from the GEG would be vent out through

a stack of 30 m in to the atmosphere. The emission of flue gas from GEG stack has been modelled

with the following emission details presented in table 4.6.

Table 4.6 : Input Parameters Considered for Dispersion Modelling

Emission

sources

Stack height

(m)

Stack

dia. (m)

Stack gas

temp. (K)

Stack gas

velocity (m/s)

Emission Rate (g/s)

NO2 SO2

Flaring Stack

(EPU)

30 0.3 1273 1.23 0.093 0.0025

Results During the GEG Operation

At the time of early production, due to the GEG operation, the incremental GLCs of NO2 and SO2 are

0.18 µg/m3and 0.005 µg/m3, therefore the incremental GLC of NO2 and SO2 would be again

practically negligible. There would be no adverse impact in the site surrounding air environment.


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Figure 57. 24 HOURLY GLCs OF SO2 During Exploration and Drilling stages


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Figure 58. 24 HOURLY GLCs OF NO2 During Exploration and Drilling stages


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Figure 59:24 HOURLY GLCs OF PM10 During Exploration and Drilling stage


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Figure 60: 24 HOURLY GLCs OF SO2 During the Early production Stage


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Figure 61: 24 HOURLY GLCs OF NO2 During the Early production Stage



Mitigation Measures: The proposed mitigation measures are as follows:

To minimize emission of fugitive dusts the following measures would be adopted:


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• Carry out regular water sprinkling at the site during dry season especially during the construction

and decommissioning activities;

• Proper handling of materials to ensure minimal emission of dust.

To minimise emission from the vehicles, equipment and machinery the following measures

would be adopted:

• Movement of construction vehicles would be minimised and a limited speed will be enforced along

the access and approach roads;

• All diesel-powered equipment would be regularly maintained, and idling time reduced to minimise

emissions;

• Low sulphur diesel would be used in diesel powered equipment;

• Vehicle / equipment air emissions would be controlled by good practice procedures (such as turning

off equipment when not in use); and

To minimise the adverse impacts of flaring the following measures should be adopted:

• Proper engineering controls to ensure complete combustion of gas;

• No cold venting of raw natural gas would be resorted; instead flaring would be done with combustion

efficient elevated flare tip; and

• Location of flare stacks to be chosen considering the sensitive receptors adjoining the site.


Noise Quality Potential impact on noise quality is anticipated from vehicular movement, operation of construction machinery,

access road strengthening during well site preparation and operation of drilling rig and ancillary equipment during

drilling operation and early production.

Source of Impact:

The potential impacts on noise quality may arise out of the following:

• Pre-drilling phase:

─ Site development/ preparation;

─ Operation of vehicles and construction machinery;

─ Transportation, storage, handling of construction material, disposal of construction waste;

─ Operation of DG sets.

•

• Drilling phase:

─ Operation of DG sets and drilling rig

─ Operation of machineries & equipment;

─ Vehicular traffic.

• Decommissioning phase:

─ Demobilization activity

─ Vehicular traffic.

• Quick/Early Production:

─ Flaring of the Gas

─ Operation DG/GEG sets


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Assessment of Noise Impacts due to Site Activities

Driller rotors and the power generators and pumps would be the main sources of noise pollution during the drilling

activity. Noise due to vehicular movement would be intermittent but would also add to the background noise levels.

The well site during excavation phase of the site preparation where heavy earth moving machinery would be in

operation, noise level of the vehicle should not be more than the 90 dB (A).

Typically, the noise generating sources for the onshore drilling activity are provided below (in the immediate vicinity)

• GEG/Diesel Generator: 75 dB(A)

• Pumps at the Rig: 85 to 90 dB(A)

• Mud pumps: 73.3-80.5 dB(A)

• Control Room & Quarters: 50 to 60 dB(A)

• Drilling: 85-90 dB(A)

• Flaring: 86.0 dB(A)

In order to predict ambient noise levels due to the proposed drilling of exploratory wells. The preparative modeling

has been done. For computing the noise levels at various distances with respect to the proposed site, noise levels

are predicted using an user friendly model the details of which is elaborated below.

Attenuation of Sound Wave Propagation During Operational phase

For an approximate estimation of attenuation of noise in the ambient from the source point, a standard

mathematical model for sound wave propagation is used. The sound pressure level generated by noise sources

decreases with increasing distance from the source due to wave divergence. An additional decrease in sound

pressure level with distance from the source is expected due to atmospheric effect or its interaction with objects in

the transmission path.

For hemispherical sound wave propagation through homogenous loss free medium, one can estimate noise levels

at various locations, due to different sources using model based on first principles, as per the following equation

Lp2 =Lp1-20log (r2 /r1) (1)

Where Lp2 and Lp1 are Sound Pressure Levels (SPLs) at points located at distances r2 and r1 from the source.

The combined effect of all the sources then can be determined at various locations by the following equation.

Lp(total) = 10 x LOG10 (SUM[10^(L1/10) + 10^(L2/10) … (2)

Where, Lp1, Lp2, Lp3 are noise pressure levels at a point due to different sources. Based on the above

equations an user friendly model has been developed. The details of the model are as follows:

• Noise levels can be predicted at any distance specified from the source;

• Model is designed to take topography or flat terrain;

• Coordinates of the sources in meters;

• Maximum and Minimum levels are calculated by the model;

• Output of the model in the form of isopleths; and

• Environmental attenuation factors and machine corrections have not been incorporated in the model but

corrections are made for the measured Leq levels.

Input for the Model

The incremental increase in noise levels due to the operation/site preparation phase of the exploratory drilling

has been done. Noise levels are mainly generated from DG sets, air compressors, pumps and transformers. The

noise sources have been defined with respect to centre of drill site. The input data pertaining to corresponding

noise level are tabulated in table 4.7.


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Table 4.7 Input Data for Noise Modelling

Sr. No. Location Noise Levels db(A) at 1m

distance from source

1 Diesel Generator (2 DG set) 75

2 Pumps at the Rig 85

3 Mud pumps 70

4 Control Room & Quarters 50

5 Drilling 85

6 Flaring 86

Source:

https://www.cpcb.nic.in/displaypdf.php?id=SW5kdXN0cnktU3BlY2lmaWMtU3RhbmRhcmRzL0VmZmx1ZW50LzUwMS5wZGY=

), www.vurup.sk/petroleum-coal

Presentation of Results

The model results are discussed below and are represented through line chart in Figure-1. The

predicted noise level at 500 m distance from the boundary of well site is 43.22 dB (A) and are

tabulated in Table 4-8.

Table 4.8 Predicted Noise Levels

Name of Source Noise Levels at 1m

distance

X (Distance in m) L2 [dB(A)]

Diesel Generator(1000KVA) 75 50 56

100 50

200 44

500 16


100 50

200 44

500 16


100 50

200 44

500 16


100 50

200 44

500 16

Pumps at the Rig 85 50 61

100 55

http://www.vurup.sk/petroleum-coal


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Name of Source Noise Levels at 1m

distance

X (Distance in m) L2 [dB(A)]

200 49

500 41

Mud pumps 70 50 46

100 40

200 34

500 26

Control Room & Quarters 50 50 26

100 20

200 14

500 6

Drilling 85 50 61

100 55

200 49

500 41

Flaring 86 50 62

100 56

200 50

500 42

Table 4.9 Attenuated Noise Level

Distance (m) Predicted Noise Levels

dB(A)

Prescribed Noise levels

at Day time of the

Residential Area dB(A)

Prescribed Noise levels

at Night time of the

Residential Area dB(A)

50 63.20 55 45

100 57.20 55 45

200 51.18 55 45

500 43.22 55 45

Further, considering drilling would be a continuous operation, noise generated from aforesaid equipment has the

potential to cause discomfort to the local community’s community residing in proximity of the rig facility. So

settlements located close to majority of the wells would face discomfort due to drilling operation.

Occupational health and safety impacts viz. Noise Induced Hearing Loss (NIHL) is also anticipated on personnel

working close to such noise generating equipment. However, drilling activities would be undertaken for short

duration and necessary noise prevention and control measures viz. provisions for proper PPEs, regular preventive

maintenance of equipment etc. would be implemented by the proponent to reduce the noise impact on the

communities residing in proximity to the well sites


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Figure 62. Predicted Noise Level




Typical mitigation measures for noise would include the following:

• Installation of adequate engineering control on equipment and machinery (like mufflers & noise

enclosures for DG sets and mud pumps) to reduce noise levels at source, carrying out proper

maintenance.

• Providing a green buffer at the fence line of the well pad site facing the sensitive receptors to further

attenuate the noise propagation beyond the well pad boundary

• Providing Personnel Protective Equipment (PPEs) like ear plugs/muffs to workers at site.

• 100 meters buffer area from the boundary of the well pad would be maintained to prevent uncalled

disturbances due to noise generations on the sensitive area such as school buildings, primary health

center, etc particularly during operation phase.

• The DG set would be kept in an acoustic enclosure with noise conformance labelling as per CPCB

standards.

• Periodical monitoring of noise level within 500 mts buffer area around well pad.

• Undertaking preventive maintenance of vehicles to reduce noise levels

4.10 Potential Impact and Mitigation Measures on Surface Water

Quality

Surface run-off discharge

Site clearance and stripping of top soil during construction phase/ site preparation phase would result in an increase

in soil erosion potential leading to an increased sediment load in the surface run-off during monsoon. Also, surface

run off from drilling waste (cuttings and drilling mud), hazardous waste (waste oil, used oil etc) and chemical storage

areas may lead to the pollution of receiving water bodies viz. natural drainage channels etc unless precautionary

measures are adopted. However, considering the provision of onsite drainage system, sediment control measures,

provision of oil water separator would aid discharging of surface run off in compliance with the CPCB Inland Water

Discharge Standards, the impact is considered would be of low significance.

Discharge of drilling mud and process wash water


63.257.2

51.18

43.22

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

0 100 200 300 400 500 600

Pre

dic

ted

No

ise

Le

ve

ls

Distance

Predicted Noise Levels

Predicted Noise Levels db(A)

Prescribed Noise levels atDay time of the ResidentialArea

Prescribed Noise levels atNight time of the ResidentialArea


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Mitigation Measures

• Proper treatment of all wastewater and produced water and any water discharge from well site

would comply with CPCB Inland Water Discharge Standards for Oil and Gas Industries

• Waste mud would be stored in the HDPE lined pit

• Drainage and sediment control systems at the well site would be efficiently designed


Ground Water Resource Source of Impacts: In absence of supply of surface water resource, the potential impacts on groundwater resource

would be due to ground water abstracted for domestic needs and for civil construction activities. Potential impact

on ground water resource could arise due to:

• Predrilling phase,

─ Water required for construction of drill sites

• Drilling phase

Embedded Control Measures

• Water requirement would be sourced locally through approved/ authorised sources.

Potential impacts on groundwater resources that could arise as a result of the proposed drilling activities include

the following:

Ground Water Extraction

The water requirement for all the project activities would be sourced locally through approved/authorized sources

of surface water and/or ground water (e.g. PHD bore wells, privately owned bore wells, irrigation Dept./Water

Resources Dept. of State Govt.). In case, required water could not be sources from locally available approved

sources, ground water would be extracted after obtaining permission from CGWA/State Govt.

As per the Ground Water Information by CGWB, in general, quality of ground water in Barmer deteriorates from

upland and hilly tracts towards Luni River and its tributaries in the lower reaches and also in depressions in the

vicinity of the saline lake.

Considering drilling would be a temporary activity (approx 90 days) the impact on ground water resource is

considered would be low. In case of QPU the water requirement would reduce and thus the impacts would reduce

even though the duration of the activity would be longer.



Mitigation Measures

• All water stored in the drill sites would be kept covered in leak proof tank ;


Soil Quality Potential impact on soil quality is envisaged in the form of increase in soil erosion and loss of soil fertility resulting

from site clearance and top soil stripping during well site preparation. The impact from accidental spillage resulting

from storage and handling of mud chemicals is also envisaged.

Source of Impact: Soil quality impacts can result from:

• Pre-drilling Phase


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─ Removal of top soil from the land procured;

─ Compaction of soil;

─ Disposal of construction waste/ MSW in non-designated area;

─ Spillage of chemical/oil on open soil;

─ Surface runoff from material & waste storage areas and oil spillage area.

• Drilling Phase/Operation of Production facilities:

─ Spillage of chemical, spent mud, hazardous waste, etc.;

─ Surface runoff from waste storage area and spillage area.

• Decommissioning Phase:

─ Disposal of decommissioning waste materials in open soil.

Embedded Control Measures: The project embedded control measures are as follows:

• The drill cuttings and spent drilling mud would be generated at site per well during drilling operations. This

would be stored in well-designed HDPE line pit. And would be disposed as per the guideline of GSR &

HWM rules.

• Topsoil would be removed and stored separately.

Soil quality impacts so identified have been assessed and evaluated in the section below.

Site clearance and stripping of top soil

As discussed in the baseline section, the soil of RJ-ONHP-2017/1 Block is characterized by sandy soil. This soil is

poor in terms of fertility. However, to preserve the topsoil stripping of topsoil has been planned before the start of

construction activity at the drill site to reduce the impact on the already poor fertility of the land. It is estimated that

about 15 – 20% of topsoil would be removed from entire area. However, such impact is considered would be

temporary as the proper reinstatement of site would be undertaken by Vedanta Limited. (Division Cairn Oil & Gas)

in case the wells are not indicative of any commercially exploitable hydrocarbon reserves. Necessary surface run-

off control measures would be adopted by the proponent during construction phase to prevent sediment flow to

abutting agricultural land. Further specific mitigation measures would be implemented by Vedanta Limited. (Cairn

Oil & Gas) to stabilize the topsoil and to preserve their fertility characteristics during site restoration. The impact is

therefore considered to be of medium significance.

Sourcing of borrow material

The drill sites would also be raised. Site preparatory activities would involve the sourcing of earth-fill from borrow

areas. Since in most of the cases efforts would be made to procure the fill material from nearby existing borrow

areas/ quarries the impact is considered would be of low significance.

Storage and disposal of drill cuttings and drilling mud

It is estimated that nearly about 250-750 tons/well of drill cuttings associated with WBM 500 - 1500 tons/well of drill

cuttings associated with SBM, 250 - 500 tons/well of Spent/Residual Drilling Mud, 250 - 500 tons/well of Sludge

containing oil & other drilling wastes are likely to be generated from each well during drilling operation., As an

embeded mitigation measures HDPE lined impervious pits would be constructed at each of the drill sites for

temporary storage of drill cuttings and drilling fluid. The disposal of the drill cuttings and the drilling mud would be

carried out in accordance with “CPCB Oil & Extraction Industry Standard – Guidelines for Disposal of Solid Wastes”

no significant impact to this regard is envisaged.

Storage and handling of fuel and chemicals

Fuels, lubricants and chemical used for the drilling operations (especially daily consumption) would be stored at

site. In addition spent lube, and waste oil would also be stored temporarily at site before it is disposed as per the

regulatory requirements. Improper storage and handling of the chemicals and fuels, spent lubricants can lead to

contamination of soil . Accidentally, spillage of chemicals, oil and lubricants, either during transportation or handling,

on soil may contribute to soil contamination. Considering the accidental nature of the event the impact is considered

would be of low significance.


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Embeded controls has been considered in the project design to reduce the impact on soil. Also, most of these

impacts on the soil fertility is reversible as the drill sites would be reinstated after the drilling. The contamination of

soil due to spillage of chemical and fuel is likely to happen only in case of accidents. Thus the significance of the

impact is medium




The following mitigation measures are proposed for reducing impact on soil quality:

• The top soil would be stored suitably;

• Manage spills of contaminants on soil using spill kits;

• Storage of construction waste/ MSW in designated areas within drill sites/production facilities;

• Testing of drill cutting to determine if they are hazardous in nature and accordingly planning for their

disposal.


Road & Traffic During various phases of projects like construction, drilling, early production and decommissioning various types

of vehicle / equipment movement would be involved. The vehicular movement is expected to be more in

construction/ site preparation phase due to movement of machinery & manpower.

Vedanta Limited (Division Cairn Oil & Gas) would ensure that traffic management plan is implemented so that

proper vehicular movement is done with minimal disturbance to nearby communities. The impacts would be for

limited duration. Thus, the impacts are temporary in nature and limited mostly within the drill site.



Mitigation Measures

• Road safety awareness programs/campaign would be organized in coordination with concerned

authorities

• Entry of vehicles into the drilling site area is prohibited except for material movement.

• Adequate parking would be provided outside the drilling location.

4.14 Potential Impact and mitigation Measures on

Terrestrial Ecological Environment Potential impact on Ecological environment i.e impacts on existing Floral and faunal diversity is envisaged

particularly during Site preparation phase and operation phase. The potential impacts on terrestrial Ecology in

Site preparation and operational phase is given below.

Source of Impact:

The Potential Impacts on the existing floral and faunal diversity may arise due to following activities

1. Vegetation Clearance.

2. Illimitation from Site.

3. Fugitive Dust Emission

4. Generation of Noise

Impact Assessment:

Vegetation Clearance


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It is proposed to develop 29 exploratory and appraisal well in Block RJ-ONHP-2017/01 which mainly agricultural

land. Besides this some well locations are also located in fallow land, Scrubland. During primary survey, it has been

observed that removal of ground vegetation is required for site preparation.

The vegetation observed in the study area is common to these climatological conditions and no endangered floral

species is observed in the study area. Further the distribution of vegetation is scattered in nature and no well is

located inside any forest land. Clearance of vegetation for site preparation would not require cutting of any mature

trees. It is observed that approximately 3 ha land is required for each drill site and clearance of only shrubs and

herbs are required. Therefore, the scale of Impact can be considered as low, extent of impact within site. The

clearance of vegetation would initiate the change in land use. So, overall impacts would be low.

Generation of Noise and Illumination from site

It is anticipated that noise would be generated particularly during the construction period and various operational

activities from the drilling site. It is expected to get attenuated to baseline level of noise within 200-300 m from the

proposed drilling locations. It is also found during the field visit and confirmed by the Forest Department of

Government of Rajasthan that there is no ecologically sensitive area such as National Park, Wild Life Sanctuary in

the Block area, the potential impacts on existing wildlife due to generation of noise can be considered as low.

The drill site would be illuminated during both construction and operational phase as drilling would be conducted

continuously for 24 hrs and thus may cause significant disturbance to local faunal population particularly avifauna.



Mitigation Measures

A range of measures would be adopted during construction and drilling phase to mitigate the potential impacts of

terrestrial ecology and biodiversity which are described below:

• The working area would always be kept minimum.

• The vegetation removal should minimum met the need for the project area. For felling of trees prior approval

from forest department shall be obtained;

• Appropriate shading of lights to prevent unwanted scattering.

• Plantation of Local tree plantation should be undertaken;

• Fencing would be done on the camp site to avoid any unfortunate encounter with faunal species


Socioeconomic Environment The impacts on the socio-economic environment are both adverse as well as positive in nature. The adverse

impacts are primarily due to: Inconvenience due to dust and noise. Disruption or damage to public infrastructure

due to construction related activities


The impact on different aspects of the socio-economic environment is discussed as under.

Livelihood

The proposed well sites would be located primarily on temporary fallow and would be at a distance from the well.

Approximately, 9 ha land would be required per well for proposed drilling activity. Even though agricultural land

would be used since the agricultural activities are poor due to scanty rainfall in the region. Thus, the severity of

the impact would be low and loss of livelihood for the locals would be also low.


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Additional Demand on Infrastructure

The width of some of the access and approach roads are not wide enough to support the movement of heavy

vehicles to drill site, hence they have to be widened and strengthened. Transportation of drilling rig and associated

facilities to drill and decommissioning of rig and associated structure would increase traffic movement. Increase in

vehicular fleet may cause damage to road infrastructure if not properly maintained. The strengthening and widening

of the existing road would reduce the significance of impact from medium to low.

Influx of Population

Influx of population is anticipated in all stages of the project cycle particularly during exploratory drilling. The drill

site would involve the operation of about 50 onsite workers during drilling phase. Interaction between workers with

villagers of nearby areas might give rise to various issues like conflict of workers with the local population, nuisance

caused by workers due to improper sanitation facilities, etc. However, considering that majority of the workforce

during construction phase is likely would be sourced from local villages chances of such conflicts are negligible.

Employment opportunities

Project would benefit people living in the neighbouring villages temporarily by creating opportunity for direct &

indirect employment associated with the various project activities. Site preparation phase would involve certain

number of laborers and there is a possibility that local people can be engaged for this purpose. Drilling process

would involve a number of skilled and unskilled workers. Generation of short time employment opportunities during

the project phase would improve the employment scenario of the area.

Cultural & Heritage Site

Impact on cultural environment may occur due to site preparation, operation of drilling rig and also during vehicular

movement with respect to the proposed exploration activities. There are no designated historical or cultural spots

close to the well sites or access roads hence; no impact in this regard is envisaged.

Corporate Social Responsibility

Vedanta Limited (Division Cairn Oil & Gas) has taken up various CSR initiatives in and around present operational

areas for the benefit of the residents as per the CSR Act and Rules, Govt. of India.

CSR measures will be taken up by Vedanta Limited. (Division Cairn Oil & Gas) in case of commercially viable

hydrocarbon discovery & further full-fledged development of the fields and production and associated facilities.

Mitigation Measures

• The shortest distance would be considered for access road, with additional care to avoid division of land

parcels into agriculturally unviable fractions;

• The village road identified for accessing proposed project footprints, would be strengthened and widened as

per requirement.

• Appropriate awareness program on grievance redressal mechanism, would be designed and implemented

for local community around proposed project footprints;

Impact Significance = ++ i.e. POSITIVE


Occupational Health and Safety Construction/ Site Preparation

Source of Impact Occupational health and safety impacts during construction/ site preparetion. Site preparation

phase are anticipated primarily from:

• Operation of construction machineries/equipment;

• Exposure to high noise generation areas.


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Embedded Control Measures The project embedded control measures are as follows:

• Provision of proper PPEs for the contractor workers onsite;

• Provision of drinking water facility, sanitation and cooking facilities.


Impact on occupational health and safety of contractor workers is anticipated from exposure to high noise

generated from operation of heavy machinery/equipment and fugitive dust generated from material stockpiles,

earth works and vehicular emission. It is estimated that about 50-60 workers would be deployed by the contractor

at each drill site and 10-20 workers in the production facility. The outstation project workforce would be housed in

labour camp located within the drill site. Continuous exposure of workers to high noise levels and fugitive dust and

inadequate facilities and unhygienic conditions at such camps may lead to adverse health impacts viz. headache,

asthma, allergy, hearing loss etc. indicating a high receptor sensitivity. However, extent of the impact would be

limited to the well site and production facility only hence the impact would be localized only. Also considering the

temporary nature of the construction phase activities, operation of machinery/equipment would be short term and

with provision of proper PPEs and training for the workers scale of the impact would be low. Hence, the impact

magnitude for occupation health and safety due to above mentioned construction activities have been assessed

would be of medium and significance would be moderate.

Operational Phase

Source of Impact: The source of occupational health and safety could arise from:

• Operation of rig and machineries,

• Exposure in high noise generation area.

Embedded control measures: The control measures are as follows:

• All potential occupational health hazards would be identified;

• Permit to work system would be in place;

• Provision of PPEs to all workers.

Assessment of Impact:

Major occupational health hazards encountered in proposed drilling activity would include noise from drilling activity,

operation of heavy vehicles and machinery, handing of chemicals etc. both in drill site and production facility.

Drilling Activity

Continuous exposure of workers involved in drill activity to high noise levels may lead to adverse health impacts

viz. headache, hearing loss etc. which indicates a high receptor sensitivity. It is under stood that extent of the

impact would be limited to the well site only hence the impact would be local. As the drilling activity would be

continuous of maximum period of up to 3 months and intermittent operation of machinery/equipment duration would

be short term and with provision of proper PPEs and training of the workers scale of the impact would be low and

magnitude of the impact would be small. Hence, the impact significance of occupation health and safety due to

above mentioned construction activities is assessed to be moderate

Quick Production Unit/Early Production Unit

Main impact on occupational health safety in production facility would limited to operation of heavy vehicles and

machinery, handing of chemicals etc. However, involved of the personal in a production facility per shift is maximum

up to 10 persons and it is understood that they would be trained. Hence, the resource sensitivity would be medium.

As all the activity of production facility would be carried out within secure premises extent of impact would be

local.As the risk level of a production facility is high as it is handling highly inflammable hydrocodone embedded

control of any production facility is very strong so the scale of the impact would be medium. Hence, the magnitude

of the impact would be medium and significant of the impact is assessed to be Medium.



Mitigation measures: The mitigation measures are as follows:

• Periodic onsite surveillance to be conducted so that the workers use the designated PPEs all the time;


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• Health surveillance would be conducted of personnel working in the aforesaid areas;

• Regular health and safety training to be provided to workers.

• Exposure of workers operating near high noise generating sources would be reduced to the extent possible;

4.17 Potential Impact and mitigation Measures on

Community Health & Safety Community health and safety of inhabitants residing close to the drilling site stands to get affected from frequent

heavy vehicular movement along village access roads and due to noise from drilling rig operations.

Ensuring Public Safety

Since the project involves the movement of heavy vehicles and machinery in the area, the issue of public safety of

the villagers, especially children, is an important concern. During the drilling phase and for the rest of the project

activities proper safety measures would be undertaken both for transportation as well as the other operations. The

drill site would be fenced and gates would be constructed so that the local people are refrained from straying into

the site.

The movement of traffic is also likely to disturb access conditions of the inhabitants residing close to the access

road. The increase in traffic would have implications on their safety too, as well as create congestion, potential

delays and inconvenience for pedestrians.

Health and safety impact arising from technological emergencies viz. well blow outs, explosions would be dealt

separately in the Quantitative Risk Assessment (QRA) section.

Although the aforesaid activities are temporary in nature it may not adversely affect community health and safety

in the long term. Mitigation measures would be taken as outlined in environmental management plan to reduce the

impacts arising out of project activities.




• Drilling activities should be under proper fencing

• Proper hoardings in English and local language should be displayed during construction and operation

phase to prevent people from encroaching the fenced area or to make them aware of the danger associated

with the construction would

• Traffic management plan would be developed and implemented at site.


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Table 4.10 Impact Significance Matrix (with mitigation)

Environment

Activity


Ae

sth

etics &

Vis

uals

Air

Qua

lity

No

ise

Qu

alit

y

Tra

nsp

ort

& T

raffic

Lan

d U

se

So

il Q

ualit

y

Local D

rain

ag

e &

Physio

gra

phy

Su

rfa

ce

Wa

ter

Resou

rces

Su

rfa

ce

wa

ter

qua

lity

Gro

und

Wa

ter

Re

sou

rces

Gro

und

wate

r q

ua

lity

Flo

ra &

Flo

ral H

ab

itat

Wild

life

Hab

itat

Fa

un

a

Th

rea

tened

& E

nda

ng

ere

d s

pecie

s

Mig

rato

ry c

orr

ido

r &

Ro

ute

Aq

ua

tic H

ab

itat

Aq

ua

tic F

lora

& F

aun

a

Loss o

f L

ive

liho

od

Co

nflic

t o

n J

ob o

pp

ort

un

ity

Dis

ruption

of In

fra

str

uctu

re

Co

mm

on

Pro

pe

rty R

esou

rces

Du

st &

No

ise

Dis

co

mfo

rt

Loss o

f A

gricu

ltura

l P

rodu

ctivity

Influx o

f P

opu

latio

n

Cu

ltu

ral &

He

rita

ge

Site

Job

& E

con

om

ic O

pp

ort

un

ity

Occu

pa

tion

al H

ea

lth

& S

afe

ty

Co

mm

un

ity H

ea

lth &

Sa

fety

1. Pre-Drilling Activities

Site selection and land acquisition

M M L

Site preparation L L L M M M L L + L

Well site& access road construction L L L M M L + L L

Sourcing & transportation of borrow material etc L L L M L L M M M L + L L

Storage and handling of construction debris L L L

Transportation of drilling rig and ancillaries

L L M M L L L

Operation DG set L L M M

Workforce engagement & accommodation at construction site

M L M + L

Consumption of water for construction & domestic use for labourer

L L

Generation of domestic solid waste & disposal L L L L L

Generation of waste water & discharge from construction activity &labour camp

L L L

Surface run-off from construction site

L M L L


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Environment

Activity


Ae

sth

etics &

Vis

uals

Air

Qua

lity

No

ise

Qu

alit

y

Tra

nsp

ort

& T

raffic

Lan

d U

se

So

il Q

ualit

y

Local D

rain

ag

e &

Physio

gra

phy

Su

rfa

ce

Wa

ter

Resou

rces

Su

rfa

ce

wa

ter

qua

lity

Gro

und

Wa

ter

Re

sou

rces

Gro

und

wate

r q

ua

lity

Flo

ra &

Flo

ral H

ab

itat

Wild

life

Hab

itat

Fa

un

a

Th

rea

tened

& E

nda

ng

ere

d s

pecie

s

Mig

rato

ry c

orr

ido

r &

Ro

ute

Aq

ua

tic H

ab

itat

Aq

ua

tic F

lora

& F

aun

a

Loss o

f L

ive

liho

od

Co

nflic

t o

n J

ob o

pp

ort

un

ity

Dis

ruption

of In

fra

str

uctu

re

Co

mm

on

Pro

pe

rty R

esou

rces

Du

st &

No

ise

Dis

co

mfo

rt

Loss o

f A

gricu

ltura

l P

rodu

ctivity

Influx o

f P

opu

latio

n

Cu

ltu

ral &

He

rita

ge

Site

Job

& E

con

om

ic O

pp

ort

un

ity

Occu

pa

tion

al H

ea

lth

& S

afe

ty

Co

mm

un

ity H

ea

lth &

Sa

fety

2. Drilling & Testing

Physical Presence at drill site L M M

Operation of DG sets and machinery

L M L L L M M

Operation of drilling rig M L L L M M

Storage and disposal of drill cuttings and mud L L L L

Generation of process waste water & discharge

M L M M

Surface run-off from drill site L L M M

Generation of domestic waste water & discharge

L L L M M

Generation of Municipal waste & disposal L L L L

Workforce engagement & accommodation at drill site

M L M + M

Flaring during well testing L M M L L M M

Accidental events - blow out L M M M M L L M M

Accidental events-spillage of chemical & oil

M M M M M

3. Decommissioning and Reinstatement

Dismantling of rig and associated facilities

L L M M


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Environment

Activity


Ae

sth

etics &

Vis

uals

Air

Qua

lity

No

ise

Qu

alit

y

Tra

nsp

ort

& T

raffic

Lan

d U

se

So

il Q

ualit

y

Local D

rain

ag

e &

Physio

gra

phy

Su

rfa

ce

Wa

ter

Resou

rces

Su

rfa

ce

wa

ter

qua

lity

Gro

und

Wa

ter

Re

sou

rces

Gro

und

wate

r q

ua

lity

Flo

ra &

Flo

ral H

ab

itat

Wild

life

Hab

itat

Fa

un

a

Th

rea

tened

& E

nda

ng

ere

d s

pecie

s

Mig

rato

ry c

orr

ido

r &

Ro

ute

Aq

ua

tic H

ab

itat

Aq

ua

tic F

lora

& F

aun

a

Loss o

f L

ive

liho

od

Co

nflic

t o

n J

ob o

pp

ort

un

ity

Dis

ruption

of In

fra

str

uctu

re

Co

mm

on

Pro

pe

rty R

esou

rces

Du

st &

No

ise

Dis

co

mfo

rt

Loss o

f A

gricu

ltura

l P

rodu

ctivity

Influx o

f P

opu

latio

n

Cu

ltu

ral &

He

rita

ge

Site

Job

& E

con

om

ic O

pp

ort

un

ity

Occu

pa

tion

al H

ea

lth

& S

afe

ty

Co

mm

un

ity H

ea

lth &

Sa

fety

Transportation of drilling rig and ancillaries

L L M M

Removal of well site construction materials & disposal

L L M

Site Restoration + + +

Vedanta Limited. (Division CAIRN Oil & Gas) DRAFT EIA: Onshore Oil and Gas E&A in RJ-ONHP- 2017/3 Block, Jalore District, Rajasthan

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5. Analysis of Alternative Consideration of alternatives to a project proposal is a requirement of the EIA process. During the scoping process,

alternatives to a proposal can be considered or refined, either directly or by reference to the key issues identified.

A comparison of alternatives helps to determine the best method of achieving the project objectives with minimum

environmental impacts or indicate the most environmentally friendly and cost-effective options. The consideration

of alternatives is most useful when the EIA is undertaken early in the projects cycle. The type and range of

alternatives open for consideration include:

• Site alternatives (e.g. advantage of proposed site, details of any other sites, if explored, etc)

• Input or supply alternatives (e.g. use of raw materials, sourcing, etc)

• Technology alternatives (e.g. feasibility of different technologies available and advantage of proposed

technology, etc)

After analysis of the various factors the most environmentally compatible alternative is selected. Reference may

be made to available technologies, policy objectives, social attitudes, environmental and site constraints, projects

economic etc.

This section provides an analysis of alternatives in relation to the conception and planning phase of the project.

This includes the following:

5.1 No Project Scenario The no project scenario has been analyzed to understand what would be reasonably expected to occur in near

future if the proposed development drilling of hydrocarbons and production of hydrocarbon are not conducted in

the area. In such a scenario, there would not be any pressure on use of local resources and infrastructure, and no

adverse effect on local ecology or incremental pollution to baseline environmental Aspects viz. air, water and noise

levels. At the same time, there would not be any positive impact on socioeconomic status of the area resulting from

direct/ indirect employment and economic benefits that such a project can provide. With no project scenario,

dependence of the Nation on import of crude oil and demand for foreign exchange would continue undesirable.

5.2 Alternatives for Project Site The Block is allocated by the Government of India under the Revenue Sharing Contract (RSC). Vedanta Limited.

(Division Cairn Oil & Gas) would be the Operator for this Block. Drilling locations are proposed based on geo-

scientific information of the specific Block site available with MoPNG and alternate sites cannot be considered for

the proposed project facilities due to the following reasons:

The location is within the RSC boundary of the Block. The surface locations of all wells have been tentatively

selected considering the drilling configuration (reach to potential reservoirs).

5.3 Alternatives for Well Location The seismic data interpretation of the seismic survey would decide the exact locations of the drilling well. The

proposed exploratory well site have been identified based on the study and interpretation of the stratigraphy and

already available seismic data. Within the identified location the actual well drilling site would be selected based

on the following factors:

• Located as far as possible from the nearest human habitation or sensitive receptors.

• Ensure natural drainage channels are avoided or drainage channels rerouted along the periphery to ensure

unhindered flow of rain / flood water. Wherever necessary adequate erosion control measures would be

provided

5.4 Alternative of Technology The technical and process related alternatives are discussed in the following section.


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5.5 Use of Water and Synthetic Mud During drilling operation, drilling mud would be used, which is essential to lubricate and cool drill bits, removal of

drilled rock (i.e. cuttings) from the bottom of the hole and transporting it to the surface and maintaining hydrostatic

head in the well to counter natural formation pressures.

Drilling mud is basically a suspension / mixture of solids suspended in a liquid phase, which is blended with clays,

polymers, salts and weighting agents. The main component/ solvent of drilling fluid are water, oil or synthetic and

accordingly they are called as oil-based, water-based, and synthetic-based muds (OBMs, WBMs, and SBMs). All

the three types of muds have certain advantages and disadvantages as discussed below.

Though the WBMs is a least cost option and widely used but is not found efficient in high temperature and also for

water sensitive substrata, i.e., shales and mud. To overcome these limitations, OBM and SBM are used and of the

two, SBM is preferred choice and it may be used in different set of environment like high temperatures, hydratable

shales, high-angle, extended-reach wells, high-density mud and drilling through salt.

Table 5.1 Ranks/Comparison of Different Types of Mud

Aspects Water Based Mud Oil Based Mud Synthetic Based Mud

Least Cost 1 2 3

Quantity of Waste discharge 3 2 1

Least Quantity of Water

Required for Preparation

3 2 1

Toxicity 1 3 2

Reduced drill time 3 2 1

Note:- 1: Preferable, 2: Less Preferable, 3: Least Preferable

The WBM produces large quantity of drill waste as the mud is not recyclable. Moreover, the clay in WBM absorbs

water and expands to disperse into the drilling fluid. These fine clay particles increase mud viscosity and inhibit its

upward flow. To lower the mud viscosity, water is added to lower the concentration of fine solids and mud products

are added to give the drilling fluid the correct density and flow properties. As a result, large volumes of mud are

produced and would be discharged as waste. On the other hand, the OBM and SBM are recycled several times

and only drill cutting are disposed off.

The water requirement of SBM is highest as compared to OBM and WBM. Though, OBM are considered more

efficient and has wider application in different conditions but recently their use is restricted due to environmental

considerations. OBM are considered toxic due to the use of hydrocarbons as solvents and need a proper disposal

through land fill. The water based muds are considered safest in this regard followed by SBM.

If all the three types of mud are compared on the drill time, SBM is far superior then OBM and WBM. The less drill

time mean shorter operation and hence less emissions from various drilling equipments and limited engagement

of workforce.

The SBMs have the potential to drill wells more quickly and efficiently than WBMs, while avoiding some of the

disposal costs and environmental difficulties associated with OBMs.

Water based mud would be used for initial, shallower sections where massive shales are not encountered. The

deeper and difficult to drill formations would be drilled using synthetic base mud (SBM). Synthetic base mud unlike

oil based mud (OBM) is biodegradable but can be re-used. At the end of drilling a well almost the entire amount of

the SBM is collected for re-use in next drilling operation. SBM systems promote good hole cleaning and cuttings

suspension properties.

5.6 Conclusion This proposed project is of national importance as it has potential to achieve enhanced fuel security and save on

FOREX reserve expenditure. The proposed project would have positive benefits in terms of revenue generation to

state and central government as well as increase in job opportunities of primary and secondary types.

Site selection would be carried out taking into consideration the nearest habitation, proximity to any sensitive

receptor and natural drainage.


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In addition, Vedanta Limited (Cairn Oil & Gas) would ensure that the final site selection is made after due

consideration to all environmental conditions as mentioned earlier. Also, use of alternate technology to avoid

sensitive locations would be made to the extent possible. Consideration of these alternatives with strict compliance

to the Environment Management and Monitoring Plans suggested in the next chapter would ensure minimal

adverse impact on the Environment.


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6. Environmental Monitoring Programme

Periodic monitoring of environmental parameters is of immense importance to assess the status of environment

during pre-drilling, drilling and post drilling stages. With the knowledge of baseline conditions, the monitoring

programme would serve as an indicator for any deterioration in environmental conditions due to operation of the

project, to enable taking up suitable mitigatory steps in time to safeguard the environment. Monitoring is as

important as that of control of pollution since the efficiency of control measures can only be determined by

monitoring.

Usually, as in the case of the study, an Impact Assessment study is carried over short period of time and the data

cannot bring out all variations induced by the natural or human activities. Therefore, periodic monitoring programme

of the environmental parameters is essential to take into account the seasonal variation and changes in the

environmental quality due to project operations.

6.1 Object of Monitoring The objectives of monitoring are to:

• Verify effectiveness of planning decisions;

• Measure effectiveness of operational procedures;

• Confirm statutory and corporate compliance; and

• Identify unexpected changes.

6.2 Monitoring Schedule Periodic environmental monitoring schedules are prepared covering various phases of project advancement. This

comprises the duration of proposed exploratory drilling as well as post-drilling phase, when the hydrocarbon is

established in the wells and production program is undertaken as well as the Decommissioning/Closure Phase. In

order to assess the extent and nature of impacts on environment due to drilling operations, the monitoring on

various attributes of environment would be carried out during various phases of drilling.

Monitoring requirements have been described in the following Table 6.1. Frequency of monitoring the monitoring

have also been presented in the same table.

Table 6.1 Proposed Environmental Monitoring Program

Monitoring Locations Frequency Parameters

Ambient Air Quality (AAQ)

monitoring

Adequate number of

samples in representative

locations

Pre-drilling, during drilling

and post-drilling

As per NAAQS and HC,

NMHC, H2S and VOC

D.G. Stack Once during operation As per GSR 771 (E) or as

specified by Consent to

operate issued by State

pollution control board

(SPCB)

Ambient Noise

Level at Fence/

boundary

Adequate number of

samples in representative

locations

Pre-drilling, during drilling

and post-drilling

Leq (night), Leq (day), Leq

(24 hourly)

Work Place noise

Monitoring

Monitoring at point

sources of

noise emissions of each

drilling site

During drilling 8 Hourly (TWA)


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Monitoring Locations Frequency Parameters

Sewage Water Quality Monitoring Treated domestic waste

water

Once during operation pH, TSS, TDS, BOD, COD,

oil & grease, faecal coliform

(MPN per 100 milliliter,

MPN/100ml or as per

CTE/CTO issued by SPCB

Ground water monitoring Adequate number of sample

representative locations

Pre-drilling and post-drilling As per IS 10500: 2012

Soil Quality Adequate number

representative locations.

Pre-drilling and post-drilling pH, conductivity, texture,

bulk density, Ca, Mg, Na, K,

P, N, organic matter,

organic carbon, Cl, SO4,

sodium absorption ratio,

Al, Fe, Mn, Boron, Zn, Hg

and PAH

Fresh Synthetic Based Mud (SBM) During drilling One sample / well during

drilling

Aromatic content, Toxicity,

(LC50, 96 hours)

Fresh Water Based Mud (WBM) During drilling One sample / well during

drilling

(LC50, 96 hours), Mercury

Barite used for mud preparation During drilling One sample / well during

drilling

Hg, Cd

Drill cuttings associated with WBM During drilling One sample / well during

drilling

Oil and grease, (LC50, 96

hours), Hg and parameters

for disposal waste.

Drill cuttings associated with SBM During drilling One sample / well during

drilling

Oil and grease, (LC50, 96

hours), Hg and parameters

for disposal of waste.

Spent WBM before disposal During drilling One sample / well during

drilling

(LC50, 96 hours), Hg and

parameters for disposal

waste.


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7. ADDITIONAL STUDIES Based on the TOR specified by the Ministry of Environment & Forest and Climate Change (MoEF&CC) issued vide

letter no. F. No. IA-J-11011/80/2019-IA-II(I), dated 13th April 2019 for preparation of EIA/EMP Report for proposed

Greenfield project, several studies were conducted and planned would be conducted to provide a clear picture of

the project area. The studies and activities suggested in EIA Notification includes: -

• Public Hearing and Consultation

• Risk Assessment Study including Disaster Management Plan

• Disaster Management plan

7.1 Public Hearing and Consultation

Public Hearing This draft EIA report is prepared and submitted to RSPCB for public hearing. After completion of the Public Hearing,

the applicant shall address all the environmental concerns expressed during this process and make appropriate

changes in the draft EIA and EMP Report. The final EIA report, so prepared, shall be submitted by the applicant to

MoEF&CC for appraisal.

7.2 Risk Assessment The objective of the RA study is to identify major risk contributing events, demarcate vulnerable zones and

evaluate the nature of risk posed to nearby areas due to proposed drilling activity, in addition to ensure

compliance to statutory rules and regulations. The scope of work for the study is described below:

• Identify potential risk scenarios that may arise from the proposed drilling and other associated activities

• Analyze the possible likelihood and frequency of such risk scenarios by reviewing historical accident related

data.

• Predict the consequences of such potential risk scenarios and if consequences are high, establish the same

by through application of quantitative simulations.

• Recommend feasible preventive and risk mitigation measures as well as provide inputs for drawing up of

Emergency Response Plan (ERP) for the project.

• The assessments would be based on various existing documents including Emergency Response Plan

(ERP), Disaster Management Plan (DMP).

7.2.1 Quantitative Risk Assessment

Risk” is defined as the combination of the expected frequency and consequence of accidents that could occur as

a result of an activity. Risk assessment is a formal process of increasing one understands of the risk associated

with an activity. The process of risk assessment includes answering three questions:

• What can go wrong?

• How likely is it?

• What are the impacts?

Qualitative answers to one or more of these questions are often sufficient for making good decisions about the

allocation of resources for safety improvements. But, as managers seek quantitative cost/benefit information upon

which to base their decisions, they increasingly turn their attention to the use of QRA.


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Figure 63. Risk Assessment

QRA is the art and science of developing and understanding numerical estimates of the risk (i.e., combinations of

the expected frequency and consequences of potential accidents) associated with a facility or operation. It uses a

set of highly sophisticated, but approximate tools for acquiring risk understanding. The Overall approach for the

Risk Assessment in brief has been given here with details in the further chapters.

The various steps in the QRA process are described below.

• Hazard Identification

• Consequence Analysis

• Initial Failure Frequency assessment

• Construction of Event Trees

• Calculation of Average Individual Risk

Risk Assessment and preparation of Risk reduction recommendations

7.2.2 Hazard Identification

This most important section looks into all incidents, which could result in possible fatalities. For drilling, such

incidents typically include the following:

• Well fluid releases - small, medium and large well fluid releases from exploratory/appraisal drilling wells.

Possibilities include blowouts (due to either downhole or surface abnormality or possible cratering (a basin

like opening in the Earth surface surrounding a well caused by erupted action of gas, oil or water flowing

uncontrolled)) or other incidents involving drilling fluids, leakage from mud degassing stacks/ vents and

others- these are the major category and are deliberated later.

• Possibility of dropped objects on the drilling platform due to lifting of heavy equipment including components

like draw works, drilling pipe, tubing, drill bits, Kelly, mud equipment, shale shakers, BOP components, power

generating equipment and others.

• Single fatality occupational incidents such as trips and falls. These are more likely in drilling rigs due to the

hazardous nature of operations and general high congestion and large extent of the manual operation

involved.


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• Structural failure of the drilling rig due to excessive static or rotating loads, earthquake, design defect,

construction defect etc. It may be noted that rotating loads are induced due to the specific rotating actions of

the rotary drilling mechanism (Drill string rotated by means of rotary table etc.).

• Loss of containment of fuels (HSD) and consequent pool fire on encountering an ignition source

The HAZID would select the Scenarios for further modeling in the next sections. The HAZID is derived mainly from

incidents in Similar drilling installations based on worldwide experience and includes generic data sources.

Table 2. Identification the Accident Event in Oil Well Drilling Activity

Type of Hazardous Event Specific Accident Events included in QRA

Hydrocarbon Release Uncontrolled Blow out-medium, large, small

Release from diesel tanks- Catastrophic failure, medium and

small risks

Occupational accidents Single fatality accidents such as slips, trips, falls, dropped

objectives etc.

Structural failure Structural collapse of drilling rig due to static or rotating load,

fatigue, construction defect, design defect, earthquakes etc

Source: Vedanta( Division: Cairn Oil and Gas)

7.2.3 Hydrocarbon Release

The events of blowouts during drilling are divided in the databases according to the consequences and well control

success. Such blow outs can be ignited or un-ignited. Blow outs are uncontrolled sudden expulsions of oil, gas,

water or drilling fluids from wells to the surface which result in loss of control of the well.

Sources of hydrocarbon release during the drilling phase include the following:

• Dissolved gas which comes out of solution under reduced pressure often while drilling at near balance or

under balance hydrostatically or as trip gas during a round trip to pull the drill string around from the hole.

Such sources could include releases at bell nipple and around mud return flow line outlet, shale shakers and

active mud pits.

• As a “kick”, which occurs as the down hole formation pressure unexpectedly exceeds the hydrostatic head of

the circulating mud column. Significant releases can occur from the vent lines of the mud /gas separator and

other locations.

• From residual mud on the surface of the drill pipe being racked in the derrick during the round trip, or on

production of coil tubing being withdrawn from the hole, or from core samples laid out for inspection. Usually

any liquid hydrocarbon system entering the down hole under normal circumstances are very much diluted by

the mud system. However, under conditions of under balanced drilling, the proportion of hydrocarbons in mud

returns may be significant with a potential for continuous release.

• Small hydrocarbon release from rotating equipment, pipes and pump work occurring during normal

operations/ maintenance during drilling. These are not likely would be significant in open derrick or mast

structures.

• Possible shallow gas blowout – these may occur at sumps or drainage tanks and be conveyed by vents or

drains to areas of potential ignition sources resulting in fire/ explosion.

• Vapour present in oily drainage systems, vents, and ducting.

• Flammable materials used in drilling operations (oil based drilling fluids)- release points could include high

pressure mud points, mud degassing equipment, shale shaker, mud pits and active tanks etc.

Protection against Blowouts

The primary protections against blow outs during drilling are the BOPs or Blow out Preventers. These are used to

shut in and control the well in the event of gas or oil being encountered at pressures higher than those exerted by

the column of mud in the hole.

BOPs typically consist of 2-3 ram preventers designed at high pressures- (ram preventer is basically a double

operated valve with one ram or gate on each side of the bore hole). The BOPs are hydraulically operated with a


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second remote control panel situated someway away from the rig for use in emergencies when the rig is

unapproachable. Connected to the side of the ram type preventers (usually below the blind rams) are the kill and

choke lines which are used to control the well in the event of any imbalance between the drilling fluid column

pressure and the formation pressure. Both lines are high pressure 2-3 inch hydraulic pipes, the kill line being

connected to the mud circulation system and the high-pressure cement pumps and the choke line leading to a back

pressure control Manifold and the mud degasser unit.

In the event of the high pressure kick with the drill string in the hole, the BOP is closed around the drill pipe and the

mud is circulated down the drill string and back to the mud tanks through the choke line and back pressure manifold.

The manifold consists of a series of valves and chokes - the choke can be adjusted to give the orifice opening

required such as to give a back pressure on the well in order to control it. There would be two chokes in order to

allow maintenance on one.

If a kick or blow out occurs with the drill string out of the hole, the blind rams are closed and heavy mud is pumped

into the well through the kill line. Any gas can be bled off through the choke line and fluids are usually squeezed

back into the formation.

The correct installation of the drilling equipment and the operational reliability of the BOPs are essential for the

safety of well drilling operation. In addition, initial and periodic testing of the BOPs, choke and kill manifolds, high

pressure/ heavy mud system etc. before installation and periodically is absolutely essential. Most important is the

presence of highly trained skilled personnel on the rig! In addition, the use of the correct drilling fluid in the

circulatory system is extremely vital.

• The drilling fluid basically does the following:

• To cool and lubricate the drilling bit and the drill string

• To remove drill solids and allowing the release at their surface.

• To form a gel to suspend the drill cuttings and any fluid material when the column is static

• To control sub surface pressures

• To prevent squeezing and caving if formations

• To plaster the sides of the borehole

• To minimize the damage to any potential production zone.

Pressures associated with the sub surface oil, gas or water can be controlled by increasing the specific gravity of

the fluid and thereby by reducing the hydrostatic head of the drilling fluid column. The squeezing of formations in

the drilled hole can be checked by increasing the hydrostatic head of the drilling fluid. Special additives for the

drilling fluid for controlling viscosity, lubricating properties, gelling properties etc. play an important role in the drilling

fluid integrity. Sealing agents such as cellulose, mica can also be added to make up the drilling fluid loss into the

porous and fractured formations.

The historical records show that the drilling of an exploration well has a higher chance of blow out occurring than

does drilling a development well. A blow out can be expected for about 400 exploration wells drilled. As a well takes

about 20-25 days to drill this equates to one blow out approximately every 50 years if drilling was continuous.

Historically, ignited blowouts have caused an average of three deaths per blow out.

7.2.4 Release of the other flammable material

HSD is used in the mobile generators at the drill sites to cater to the power requirement of the drill equipment, area

lighting, etc. The material would be stored in 180 MT vertical cylindrical tank. Spill containment system in the form

of 1.2m high bund wall is envisaged to contain 110% of the tank volume. Storage of fuels would primarily pose fire

hazard. The credible accident scenarios include:

• Catastrophic tank rupture (Large Leak)

• Leak from a 4” pipeline (Medium Leak)

• A 2” leak from the tank/pipe/flange (Small Leak)

The catastrophic Rupture (CR) of the tank would involve a large leak/big hole in the tank or disengagement of a

joint/large leak from a flange sufficient enough to discharge tank inventory in a short time. The spilled material shall


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get contained within the dyke area. In presence of an ignition source, it may catch fire and result in Pool fire of the

dyke area.

A 4” leak from a pipeline or a flange shall have similar consequences as to CR, only the time for loss of containment

may be more. Fire being a surface phenomenon, the pool fire in the dyke area would pose similar heat radiation to

the surrounding area.

A 2” leak from the tank or the pipeline would result in the loss of inventory at a much reduced rate. Counter-

measures shall be available to arrest the leak within reasonable time. With a limited loss of inventory, the damage

distances in such case would be less in comparison to the above two cases.

The tank design and construction takes into account the possible stress loads imposed due to exploration and

appraisal activities at the drill site. Dyke with adequate capacity (110%) is being provided to contain the spill, if any.

Standard well area inspection and maintenance procedures of Vedanta Limited (Division: Cairn Oil and Gas) would

be implemented at the exploratory and appraisal wells to identify any abnormalities.

7.2.5 CONSEQUENCE ANALYSIS/CALCULATIONS

Consequence analysis involves the calculation of the initial “release rate” and then predicting the consequence of

the release through computer modeling- it forms an important ingredient in the QRA approach. Consequence

analysis is a complex procedure involving numerous calculations. It must also be noted that a single starting

incident could have numerous outcomes depending upon factors such as escalation, ignition and others.

The various factors of importance in this drilling rig study with respect to consequence analysis are described

below.

Loss of Containment- leak sizes

It must be understood that there are an infinite range of possible releases of flammable material on the facilities

For example, a hole could appear at any point in a well, at any time of the year and the hole could have any size

(right from pinhole to catastrophic line guillotine rupture) and also possibly any shape! In order to allow management

of the study, it is per force necessary to divide the infinite range into a number of smaller ranges through

representation as a single event or a failure case.

In the study, only small, medium and large well fluid blowouts were considered.

Hydrocarbon Leaks due to Loss of Containment (Leak during Well Testing) were not taken into consideration since

they are likely would be controlled about 95% of the time. The category includes releases that may be isolated from

the reservoir fluids, typically release from the well testing equipment and mud line.

Inventory

Inventory can get discharged to Environment due to Loss of Containment. Inventory Analysis is commonly used in

understanding the relative hazards and short listing of release scenarios and plays an important role in regard to

the potential hazard. The larger the inventory of a vessel or a “system”, the larger the quantity of potential release.

The potential release depends upon the quantity of release, the properties of the materials and the operating

conditions (pressure, temperature etc. described later).

Blowouts

A blowout on the topsides may take one of several forms and release locations. Any release not immediately ignited

would give a flammable vapour cloud, which could cause a vapour cloud explosion in the drill floor or the mud pit

areas.

A pressurized jet release could lead to a very large jet fire, producing high levels of thermal radiation. The flame

could impinge on structural members in the derrick. These could then fail as they lose their mechanical properties

at high temperature. This may lead to objects falling from the derrick and causing more damage below, especially

if the derrick has already been weakened by the blast from a vapour cloud explosion. If the fire continues for a long

period (say one to two hours) then the derrick may collapse causing serious damage to surrounding areas.

However, evacuation is expected to have occurred by any available means before this time.

This scenario is a worst-case scenario, which is unlikely to happen in this situation as the bottom hole pressure is

low.


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Unburnt oil from a potential blowout would typically form running or evaporating pools, which could create a hazard

from heat and smoke in all areas that the pools reach. If the blow out originates on the drill floor then the burning

oil would run over the side of the drill floor.

Consequence Analysis for Blowouts

Blowout release rate is taken as 0.12 kg/s assuming 5 times the normal rate from the well. It is expected that the

uncontrolled release of fluids on the drill floor would ignite almost immediately and that the resulting fire would

engulf the drill floor. Higher ignition probabilities are expected for large releases compared to smaller releases. The

flames are likely to impinge on structural members on the drill floor. These may fail as they lose their mechanical

properties at high temperature. This may lead to objects falling from the derrick and causing more damage below.

If the fire continues for a long period.

Weather Conditions

The weather stability class is normally Class D on sunny days and Class F for Night time. The average wind speed

most of the time is 5 m/s for day time and 1.5 m/s. combining this with stability class D and F, consequence modeling

is done for both the weather cases 5 D and 1.5 F. The ambient condition considered in this study is as under:

Average Ambient Temperature = 24˚C

Average Humidity = 80 %

The six representative weather classes on which the analysis is based are detailed in Table 7-3 below: -

Table 7.3 . Pasquill Stability Class

Surface Wind Speed (m/s)

Daytime Conditions Night Sky

Strength of Sunlight

Strong Moderate Slight Thin

Overcast ≥

4/8

Cloudiness**

≤3/8

Cloudiness

< 2 A A-B B E F

2-3 A-B B C E F

3-5 B B-C C D E

5-6 C C-D D D D

> 6 C D D D D

*Applicable to heavy overcast conditions day or night

**Degree of Cloudiness = Fraction of sky above horizon covered by clouds.

A- Extremely Unstable Conditions

B- Moderately Unstable Conditions

C- Slightly Unstable Conditions

D- Neutral Conditions*

E- Slightly Stable Conditions

F- Moderately Stable Conditions

In its original form, the Pasquill system contains seven categories (A to F) but joint categories are also common.

Categories A (Very Unstable), D (Neutral) and F (Very Stable) are discussed next.

Category A (very unstable) occurs typically on a warm sunny day with light winds and almost cloudless skies when

there is a strong solar heating of the ground and the air immediately above the surface. Bubbles of warm air rise

from the ground in thermals. The rate of change (decline) of temperature with height (lapse rate) is very high.

Category D (neutral) occurs in cloudy conditions or whenever there is a strong surface wind to cause vigorous

mechanical mixing of the lower atmosphere.


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Category F (very stable) occurs typically on a clear, calm night when there is a strong cooling of the ground and

the lowest layers of the atmosphere by long wave radiation. There is a strong inversion of temperature (i.e. warm

air over cold air).

Table 7.4 Representative Weather Class 5D and 1.F

Weather Class Wind Speed(m/s) Pasquill Stability

I 3 B

II 1.5 D

III 5 D (used for modeling)

IV 9 D

V 5 E

VI 1.5 F (used for Modeling)

Source: Handbook of Chemical Hazard Analysis Procedure by FEMA, USEPA and USDOT

Damage Criteria

Jet Fire

The consequence caused by exposure to heat radiation is a function of:

• The radiation energy onto the human body [kW/m2];

• The exposure duration [sec];

• The protection of the skin tissue (clothed or naked body).

It can be assumed that people would be able to find a cover or a shield against thermal radiation in 20 seconds

time. Furthermore, 100% lethality may be assumed for all people suffering from direct contact with flames, such

as the pool fire, a flash fire or a jet flame. The effects due to relatively lesser incident radiation intensity are given

below.

In the study, the following criteria were used for estimation of heat radiation due to fire fatalities:

Heat Radiation Selection Criteria:

• 4.73 kW/m2: Maximum radiant heat intensity in areas where emergency actions lasting 2 min to 3 min can

be required by personnel without shielding but with appropriate clothing. Corresponds to of painful burns

and blistering after 20 second exposure (0% lethality)

• 6.31 kW/m2: Indicative of second degree burns after 20 second exposure (1% fatality)

• 12.5 kW/m2: Indicative of piloted ignition for susceptible structures (50% fatality)

• 37.5 kW/m2: Indicative of total asset loss (100% fatality

Flash Fire Selection Criteria:

The consequence distances would be identified for the following Lower Explosive Limit:

• 50 % Lower Explosive Limit

• 100 % Lower Explosive Limit

Toxic Gas Dispersion Criteria:

No Toxic gas dispersion scenarios envisaged for this project.

Explosion Criteria:

Blast peak overpressure from explosion for buildings would not exceed the following levels provided in Table-7-4.

Internationally recognized and globally accepted TNO Multi energy model was used for the explosion modeling

for this Project.


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Table 7.5 Overpressure Criteria

Level of Concern TYPE OF DAMAGE

0.02068 bar "Safe distance" (probability 0.95 of no serious damage1

below this value); projectile limit; some damage to house

ceilings; 10% window glass broken.

0.070 bar General buildings, offices

0.1379 bar Partial collapse of wells, concreate Block wells, not

reinforced, shattered

0.2068 bar

1 bar Range for 1-99% fatalities among exposed population due to

direct blast effects

Source: Report Number : 434 International Association of Oil & Gas Producers (OGP)- March 2010- Table 2.8 and PHL-S-100

7.2.6 Failure Frequency Analysis

Selection of Failure Scenarios

Potential release rates for a material from containment depend significantly on the initial operating conditions.

Factors affecting the “release rate” include the initial pressure, temperature, hole size, hole roughness, hole

orientation, gas properties, atmospheric conditions and many other parameters.

Both, the complexity of study and the number of incident outcome cases are affected by the range of initiating

events and incidents covered. This not only reflects the inclusion of accidents and / or non-accident-initiated events,

but also the size of those events. The following four scenarios have been quantitatively evaluated in the study:

• Small and medium size holes - these typically represent failures such as gasket leaks, flange leaks etc. This

scenario has been considered as 2” leak for HSD

• Medium leaks – these typically represent disengagement of flanges, full bore failure of pipelines, large leaks

from flanged joints, etc. This scenario has been considered as a 4” leak of HSD.

• Large holes– these typically represent “catastrophic” or “guillotine” rupture scenarios, possibly on account of

factors such as soil inundation, earthquakes etc. This scenario has been considered as a Catastrophic Failure

of HSD Tank.

• Well Blow out case. This has been considered as Well Blow out scenario involving crude oil

The selection of initiating events and incidents would take into account the goals or objectives of the study. The

main reasons for including release sizes other than the catastrophic are to reduce the conservatism in an analysis

and would be better understand the relative contributions to risk of small versus large releases. Only leakage events

leading to possibility of serious injury are considered in the study.

7.2.7 Calculation of Individual & Societal Risk

Individual Risk or IR represents the geographical distribution of risk to any individual.

Societal Risk is representing the risk the project poses to society as a whole. The Societal Risk or Group risk (F-

N) curves indicate the cumulative frequency (F) of (N) number of fatalities. Society is typically not willing to accept

industrial installations that result in many fatalities, even with a low frequency rate!

The estimation of risks in the software is done through estimation of “risks” attributed to each failure case by

determining the impact in terms of fatalities. In this step, the hazard or effect zone information, ignition source,

population distribution, meteorological data and other relevant details are combined to determine risks.

In order to estimate risks (IR or SR), the number of fatalities for each incident outcome case is calculated and the

frequencies of outcomes with equal fatalities summed up.

7.2.8 Comparison to Risk Acceptance Criteria

This penultimate step compares the estimated risk with respect to the Company’s internal risk acceptability criteria

or specific legislative or regulatory (as applicable in the country of operation) risk acceptability criteria. In this step,

the risk “band” is determined- typically, the project risk band is determined to be negligible, acceptable, not


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acceptable are the risk assessment stage determines whether the risks are “Broadly Acceptable”, “Intolerable” or

“Tolerable if ALARP”.

Vedanta Limited (Cairn Oil & Gas) Risk Acceptability Criteria

Vedanta Limited (Division Cairn Oil & Gas) risk acceptability criteria are derived from interpretation of the risk

acceptability criteria published by UK HSE-92 and is applied when assessing the tolerability of risk to persons for

Vedanta Limited (Division Cairn Oil & Gas) facilities, sites, combined operations or activities. It broadly indicates

as follows:

• Individual risk to any worker above 10-3 per annum shall be considered intolerable and fundamental risk

reduction improvements are required.

• Individual risk below 10-3 for but above 10-6 per annum for any worker shall be considered tolerable if it can

be demonstrated that the risks are As Low As Reasonably Practicable (ALARP).

• Individual risk below 10-6 per annum for any worker shall be considered as broadly acceptable and no further

improvements are considered necessary provided documented control measures are in place and

maintained.

• Individual risk to any member of the general public as a result of Vedanta Limited (Division Cairn Oil & Gas)

Businesses activities shall be considered as intolerable if greater than10-4 per annum, broadly acceptable if

less than 10-6 per annum and shall be reduced to As Low As Reasonably Practicable (ALARP) between these

limits.

• For new facilities, Vedanta Limited (Division Cairn Oil & Gas) shall strive to achieve lower risks compared with

that typical for existing facilities, down at least to an individual risk to any worker of 10-4 per annum, by the

appropriate use of best practice including technology and management techniques.

• For existing facilities, higher risk levels may be tolerated provided that they are As Low As Reasonably

Practicable (ALARP) and meet the minimum standards given herein. As facilities under Vedanta Limited

(Division Cairn Oil & Gas) expansion may be considered as “new” facilities; it is proposed that individual risk

to any worker above 10-4 per annum shall be considered intolerable.

The risk acceptability criteria are indicated in the following pages.


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Figure 64. UK HSE-Individual Risk Criteria


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Figure 65. UK HSE-Offsite Group Risk Criteria

7.2.9 ALARP Demonstration

Wherever risks are found to lie in the ALARP region, this suggests existing risk mitigating measures must be

sustained and Best Industry Practices used. Any specific new risk reduction options may be evaluated through

Cost Benefit Analysis (CBA).

7.2.10 Risk Reduction Recommendations

This step analyses the risks estimated, their tolerability with respect to the risk acceptability criteria.

In case risks are found to fall in the “Unacceptable” region, risk reduction recommendations aimed at bringing risks

to within the “Tolerable region if ALARP” are proposed. In such conditions, the Cost Benefit Analysis (CBA) is also

carried out for specific risk reduction measures in order to “quantify” them or any other mitigative measures shall

be recommended.

In case risks have been found would be the ALARP or Broadly Acceptable region, recommendations may still be

suggested for generic risk reduction based on industry best practice. Such risk reduction recommendations are not

“quantified” or mandatory but are nevertheless proposed for safer operation of the facilities.


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7.2.11 Software Used

The Software, DNV PHAST was used for the study for assessing the Risk and Consequence calculations.

7.2.12 Population

Table 7.6 Population

S. No Area Population (Day) Population (Night)

1 Process Area (Heater Treater, Fuel Gas, Coalesing

Fiilter etc.)

25 25

2 Process Area (Oil Storage Area, Instrument Area etc.) 5 5

3 Loading, Unloading Area 2 2

4 Operator Bunker 2 2

5 Diesel Storage Area 2 2

6 Waster Area (Water, SBM etc.) 15 15

7 Toilet Block 2 2

8 Drilling/ Well Area 40 40

7.2.13 Hazard Identification (HAZID), Consequence Analysis

and Risk Results for the Project

Hazard Identification is a very important and critical first step in the QRA process. The HAZID identifies process

and non-process hazards affecting the project execution and operational stage. The main objective of the HAZID

is to identify potential major accident events- it is important to ensure scenarios identified in the HAZID are factored

into the QRA.

7.2.14 Shortlisting of Release Scenarios

The range of incidents possible in the facility is established through identification of “Isolatable sections”, from

which the different categories of leakages/ releases may occur. The Isolatable Sections comprise those where

Emergency Shutdown Valves are in place isolating the section, even in emergency. Assumption Meeting for the

purpose of identifying such sections and estimating inventories, release rates and other details relevant to the

quantitative analysis. Guideline was utilized for deriving failure scenarios, release rates, inventories etc. Isolatable

Sections are identified as follows:

• The initial step is the identification of sources and their physical location

• Calculation of the hold-up volumes within isolatable sections with respect to fluid within equipment and

associated piping.

The process isolation times, inventory release times etc. for the various leak sizes considered were taken at 5

minutes for small leaks (5 mm), 3 minutes for minor leaks (25 mm)- safe distance can be used for layout purpose

2 minutes for large leaks and 1 minute for catastrophic rupture.

Appendix 7.1 shown provides information on leak sizes, inventories and hazardous chemicals within the isolatable

sections.

7.2.15 Consequence Analysis Results

Events originating from within the facility may, depending upon the nature and quantity of hazardous chemical and

the location of accident have the potential of affecting personnel within the installation or at times the general

population in the surrounding area.


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Table 7.7 : Pool Fire Results

Jet fire

SECTION LEAK SIZE Weather Class

Incident Heat Radiation (KW/m2)

4.73 6.31 12.5 37.5

Distance in Meter (m)

IS-01 - From Well Fluid from Well to Inlet of Heater Separator

5mm DAY TIME (5/D) 19 18.5 17.4 -

NIGHT TIME (1.5/F) 18.5 17 13.5 -

25mm DAY TIME (5/D) 79 76 71 65

NIGHT TIME (1.5/F) 88 80 65 47

100mm DAY TIME (5/D) 282 270 243 218

NIGHT TIME (1.5/F) 310 232 222 160

CR DAY TIME (5/D) 545 505 455 395

NIGHT TIME (1.5/F) 590 530 415 308

IS-02 Heater Treater Separator – Oil Case 5mm

DAY TIME (5/D) - - - -

NIGHT TIME (1.5/F) - - - -

25mm DAY TIME (5/D) 37 36.5 36 26

NIGHT TIME (1.5/F) 25 24.8 23 11

100 mm DAY TIME (5/D) 96 93 89 83

NIGHT TIME (1.5/F) 72 69 65 59

CR DAY TIME (5/D) 150 145 135 120

NIGHT TIME (1.5/F) 112 110 98 86

IS-03 Heater Treater Separator – Gas Case 5mm

DAY TIME (5/D) - - - -

NIGHT TIME (1.5/F) - - - -

25mm DAY TIME (5/D) - - - -

NIGHT TIME (1.5/F) - - - -

100mm DAY TIME (5/D) 22.1 21.1 17.9 -

NIGHT TIME (1.5/F) 20.4 18.4 14.3 -

CR DAY TIME (5/D) 42 41.2 39 35.2

NIGHT TIME (1.5/F) 38.8 36.2 28.9 13.8

IS-04 Oil from Heater Treater Separator to inlet of Oil Storage Tanks including coaleser separator

5mm DAY TIME (5/D) - - - -

NIGHT TIME (1.5/F) - - - -

25mm DAY TIME (5/D) 32.8 32 31 -

NIGHT TIME (1.5/F) 24.2 23.5 22.5 20.5

100mm DAY TIME (5/D) 95 93 88 83

NIGHT TIME (1.5/F) 70 67 63 58

CR DAY TIME (5/D) 110 107 102 97

NIGHT TIME (1.5/F) 85 81.5 76.5 71

IS-05- From XSV of tank inlet to pump inlet including oil storage tank

5mm DAY TIME (5/D) - - - -

NIGHT TIME (1.5/F) - - - -

25mm DAY TIME (5/D) 30.6 32 30.6 28.4

NIGHT TIME (1.5/F) 23 22 - -

50mm DAY TIME (5/D) 50 49.5 47 43.2

NIGHT TIME (1.5/F) 38 37 35 31.2

CR DAY TIME (5/D) 103 100 96 90

NIGHT TIME (1.5/F) 78 74 70 64

5mm DAY TIME (5/D) - - - -


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Jet fire



4.73 6.31 12.5 37.5


IS-06 From Oil Transfer pump outlet to tanker loading Facility

NIGHT TIME (1.5/F) - - - -

25mm DAY TIME (5/D) 60 58 55 52

NIGHT TIME (1.5/F) 39.2 37.5 33 23.5

100mm DAY TIME (5/D) 135 132 124 116

NIGHT TIME (1.5/F) 112 107 92 78

IS-07 Tanker Failure CR

DAY TIME (5/D) 60 58 56 55

NIGHT TIME (1.5/F) 46 45 43 41

IS-08 Diesel Storage Tank 5mm

DAY TIME (5/D) - - - -

NIGHT TIME (1.5/F) - - - -

25mm DAY TIME (5/D) - - - -

NIGHT TIME (1.5/F) - - - -

50mm DAY TIME (5/D) 15.7 - - -

NIGHT TIME (1.5/F) - - - -

CR DAY TIME (5/D) 24.3 23.3 - -

NIGHT TIME (1.5/F) 16.2 14.4 - -

IS-09 Fuel Gas System 5mm

DAY TIME (5/D) - - - -

NIGHT TIME (1.5/F) - - - -

25mm DAY TIME (5/D) - - - -

NIGHT TIME (1.5/F) - - - -

100mm DAY TIME (5/D) 22.1 21 17.7 -

NIGHT TIME (1.5/F) 20.4 18.4 14.3 -

CR DAY TIME (5/D) 42.8 41.2 39.1 36.2

NIGHT TIME (1.5/F) 38.9 35.2 29 13.8

IS-10-Flare System 5mm

DAY TIME (5/D) - - - -

NIGHT TIME (1.5/F) - - - -

25mm DAY TIME (5/D) - - - -

NIGHT TIME (1.5/F) - - - -

100mm DAY TIME (5/D) 14.6 - - -

NIGHT TIME (1.5/F) 13.8 12.1 - -

CR DAY TIME (5/D) 31 30.2 28.5 -

NIGHT TIME (1.5/F) 29 26.5 21 -

Table 7.8 Flash Fire Result

FLASH FIRE

Section Leak Size Level of Concern Weather Class

(5/D) (1.5/F)

IS-1 - From Well Fluid from Well to Inlet of Heater Separator

5mm 50% LEL-5102 ppm 12.2 25

100 % LEL- 1.02e+004ppm 8.5 11

25 mm 50% LEL-5102 ppm 145 259

100 % LEL- 1.02e+004ppm 88 100

100 mm 50% LEL-5102 ppm 400 420

100 % LEL- 1.02e+004ppm 320 320


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FLASH FIRE


(5/D) (1.5/F)

CR 50% LEL-5102 ppm 475 478

100 % LEL- 1.02e+004ppm 390 380

IS-2 - Heater Treater Separator – Oil Case

5mm 50% LEL-3123 ppm 6.5 6.5

100 % LEL- 6245 ppm 5 6.4

25 mm 50% LEL-3123 ppm 20 26

100% LEL- 6245 ppm 19 14

100 mm 50% LEL-3123 ppm 70 65

100 % LEL- 6245 ppm 40 42

CR 50% LEL-3123 ppm 102 90

100 % LEL- 6245 ppm 68 60

IS-03- Heater Treater Separator – Gas Case

5mm 50% LEL-1.769e+004 ppm 1.25 1.72

100% LEL- 3.538e+004 ppm 0.82 0.98

25 mm 50% LEL-1.769e+004 ppm 4.8 6.9

100% LEL- 3.538e+004 ppm 3.3 4.4

100mm 50% LEL-1.769e+004 ppm 14.5 22.2

100% LEL- 3.538e+004 ppm 10 14.4

CR 50% LEL-1.769e+004 ppm 29 43

100% LEL- 3.538e+004 ppm 17.5 27.5

IS-04 - Oil from Heater Treater Separator to inlet of Oil Storage Tanks including coaleser separator

5mm 50% LEL-3123 ppm 6.3 6.6

100 % LEL- 6245 ppm 5 6.4

25 mm 50% LEL-3123 ppm 14 23.9

100% LEL- 6245 ppm 13.9 12.2

100mm 50% LEL-3123 ppm 58 55

100 % LEL- 6245 ppm 27 31

CR 50% LEL-3123 ppm 73 64

100 % LEL- 6245 ppm 44 44

IS-05 - From XSV of tank inlet to pump inlet including Oil Storage Tank

5mm 50% LEL-3123 ppm 7 7.6

100 % LEL- 6245 ppm 5.3 6.9

25 mm 50% LEL-3123 ppm 15.2 21

100 % LEL- 6245 ppm 15 12.3

50 mm 50% LEL-3123 ppm 35 44

100 % LEL- 6245 ppm 15 25.8

CR 50% LEL-3123 ppm 70 64

100% LEL- 6245 ppm 43 46

IS-06 - From Oil Transfer pump outlet to tanker loading Facility

5mm 50% LEL-3123 ppm 9.5 13.2

100% LEL- 6245 ppm 7.2 9.5

25 mm 50% LEL-3123 ppm 58 35

100% LEL- 6245 ppm 44 34.5

100 mm 50% LEL-3123 ppm 73 75

100% LEL- 6245 ppm 71 58

CR 50% LEL-3123 ppm 191 0.57

100% LEL- 6245 ppm 165 0.57

IS-07 - Oil Tanker Failure

CR 50% LEL-3123 ppm 42 32.5

100% LEL- 6245 ppm 24 22


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FLASH FIRE


(5/D) (1.5/F)

IS-08 - Diesel Storage Tank

5mm 50% LEL-3500 ppm 6.6 5.9

100 % LEL- 7000ppm 5 5.4

25 mm 50% LEL-3500 ppm 10.4 9.5

100% LEL- 7000ppm 10.3 9.5

50 mm 50% LEL-3500 ppm 11.8 12.2

100 % LEL- 7000ppm 11.8 11.8

CR 50% LEL-3500 ppm 13.9 13

100 % LEL- 7000ppm 13.9 13

IS-09 - Fuel Gas System

5mm 50% LEL-1.769e+004 ppm 1.25 1.71

100 % LEL- 3.538e+004ppm 0.82 0.98

25 mm 50% LEL-1.769e+004 ppm 4.9 6.8

100% LEL- 3.538e+004ppm 3.3 4.4

100mm 50% LEL-1.769e+004 ppm 14.5 22.4

100% LEL- 3.538e+004ppm 10 14.3

CR 50% LEL-1.769e+004 ppm 29 43

100 % LEL- 3.538e+004ppm 17 27.5

IS-10 - Flare System

5mm 50% LEL-1.769e+004 ppm 1.04 1.2

100 % LEL- 3.538e+004ppm 0.56 0.62

25 mm 50% LEL-1.769e+004 ppm 3.7 5

100 % LEL- 3.538e+004ppm 2.48 3.2

100mm 50% LEL-1.769e+004 ppm 11.3 16.5

100 % LEL- 3.538e+004ppm 8.4 10.8

CR 50% LEL-1.769e+004 ppm 19.2 32

100% LEL- 3.538e+004ppm 13.9 20

Table 7.9 Fireball Result

Fireball



4.73 6.31 12.5 37.5


IS-02 CR DAY TIME (5/D) 365 312 215 95

NIGHT TIME (1.5/F) 365 312 215 95

TNO Multi energy model has been used for the study and explosion is not envisaged for the desired overpressure

levels (0.0268, 0.070, 0.1379,0.2068 and 1 bar)

7.2.16 Risk Calculation

Risk Calculation is done by combining the Consequence Analysis results given vide section 7.2.15 with the

estimated failure frequency and estimates of population within and outside the facility. However, other key study

assumptions were discussed with Vedanta Limited (Division: Cairn Oil & Gas).

7.2.17 Population

The following plant population has been assumed for the study: -


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Table 7.10. Population

S. No Area Population (Day) Population (Night)

1 Process Area (Heater Treater, Fuel Gas, Coalesing

Fiilter etc.)

25 25

2 Process Area (Oil Storage Area, Instrument Air etc.) 5 5

3 Loading, Unloading Area 2 2

4 Operator Bunker 2 2

5 Diesel Storage Area 2 2

6 Waster Area (Water, SBM etc.) 15 15

7 Toilet Block 2 2

8 Drilling/ Well Area 40 40

7.2.18 FN Curve

The FN Curve drawn for this project is presented below. The FN Curve represents combined risk (during 5/D and

1.5 F) covering all the identified scenarios.

Figure 66. FN Curve

From the above F-N Curve, it may be seen that the maximum line starts at 1E-02 and 1E-04 and it is observed that

the integrated risks lie within the 1E-02 and 1E-04, Hence the risk is in “ALARP” range. -this suggests that existing

risk mitigating measures must be sustained and other Best Industry Practices shall be used. Any specific new risk

reduction options may be evaluated through Cost Benefit Analysis (CBA) or any other suitable means.

7.2.19 Location Specific Individual Risk (LSIR)

LSIR is the risk for a hypothetical individual who is positioned at that location for 24 hours a day 365 days per year.

Since in reality people do not remain continuously at one location, LSIR is a notional risk measure.

From the below figure (combined during 5/D and 1.5 F) it can be seen that the maximum risk level lies in the band

of 1E-003 /Avge year (within the fence) and 1E-004 /Avge year –this risk band extends towards the west for a

distance of approx. 20 meters from the plot boundary. It may be noted that this risk level is on the higher side for

public areas (normally acceptable risk level is 1E-006/Avge year). It is suggested that either heater treater unit,

Coalescing filter skid and Fuel gas unit may be shifted 20 meters towards east to prevent any outside risk or to

ensure there are no vegetating in this area.


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Figure 67. Overall ISO Risk Contour

7.2.20 Individual Specific Individual Risk (ISIR)

The Location Specific Individual Risk is the risk to a person who is assumed to be at the specific location 365 days

a year and 24 hours a day. A more representative risk measure is the “Individual Specific Individual Risk (ISIR).

This is the risk estimated accounting for the time fraction a person actually spent at a specific location. The

calculation for this is done based on the consideration of Personnel working. An average working period of 12 hours

per day are considered and the results are presented below in tabular form.

• ISIR= LSIR×1/2×1/2×Time Spent/12

Table 7.11 Total ISIR Operations/Maintenance Staff

S. No Area LSIR Time Spent in hrs ISIR

1 Coalescer Area 2.12E-03 6 2.65E-04

2 Control Room 1.14E-03 9 2.14E-04

3 DG Area 7.12E-04 1 1.48E-05

4 Diesel Area 3.87E-04 3 2.42E-05

5 Flare Area 1.12E-04 0.5 1.17E-06

6 Heater Treater Area 5.64E-03 6 7.05E-04

7 Loading Area 1.99E-05 2 8.28E-07

8 Oil Storage Area 6.71E-04 5 6.99E-05

9 Well Area 5.86E-03 4 4.88E-04

10 Fuel Gas Area 2.02E-03 5 2.10E-04

Total 3.44E-06

Table 7.12 Total ISIR Non-Operation/ Maintenance Staff

S. No Area LSIR Time Spent in hrs ISIR

1 Fire Water Area 1.29E-08 2 5.38E-10

2 Toilet Block 1.29E-08 1 2.69E-10

3 Security Cabin 1.00E-07 10 2.08E-08

4 Operator Block 1.00E-07 4 8.33E-09

Total 3.00E-08


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From the above values it is seen that the operation/maintenance ISIR value is in ALARP range for operation person

and broadly acceptable for Non-operation. The following measures are available to address the same.

▪ Safeguarding of human life is Vedanta Limited (Division: Cairn Oil & Gas) top most priority. To this effect,

Vedanta Limited (Division Cairn Oil & Gas) has issued and implemented a comprehensive HSE POLICY

backed up with appropriate safety management systems and procedures.

▪ Vedanta Limited (Division Cairn Oil & Gas) operating procedures lay a strong focus on hazard identification

and risk assessment covering each and every hazardous operation, procedure and equipment. Risks and

mitigating measures for each are clearly carried out and measures implemented and monitored. This

ensures risk minimisation to the worker group.

▪ The facility to be built based on applicable National / International codes and best practice. Individual

equipment is of highest quality, certified and of highest safety integrity. This ensures risk minimisation to

the worker group through operational and maintenance periods. In addition, equipment hazard

identification has would be carried out for each of the equipment time to time.

▪ Mock drills would be carried out periodically to ensure the highest state of emergency response in case

of any incident.

7.2.21 Risk Reduction Measures

The main conclusions drawn from the Consequence Analysis and Risk calculations are given below- critical

actions for safeguarding against the incidents are also mentioned below: -

• From the F-N Curve, it is observed that the integrated risks lie within the “ALARP” range. -this suggests

existing risk mitigating measures must be sustained and Best Industry Practices be used. Any specific new

risk reduction options may be evaluated through Cost Benefit Analysis (CBA).

• From the figure 43 to figure 47 it can be seen that the maximum risk level lies in the band of 1E-003 /Avge

year (within the fence) and 1E-004 /Avge year –this risk band extends towards the west for a distance of

approx. 20 meters from the plot boundary. It may be noted that this risk level is on the higher side for public

areas (normally acceptable risk level is 1E-006/Avge year). It is suggested that either heater treater unit,

Coalescing filter skid and Fuel gas unit may be shifted 20 meters towards east to prevent any outside risk or

to ensure there are no vegetating in this area.

• It is seen that the control room is falls under 1E-03 /Avge year it advised to shift the Control room to a safe

location.

• As Living area are likely would be affected due to large incidents on the Rig Floor, it is essential to ensure the

upkeep of the safety devices (Smoke Detection, Fast Rescue Craft (FRC), escape routes and it must be

ensured that Mock evacuation drills are carried out periodically.

• Escape routes for personnel on the Drill Floor towards the LQ must be properly protected and kept free of

any debris/obstructions etc. to ensure minimum loss of life.

• The correct installation of Safety Critical Equipment and their operational reliability are essential for the safety

of the facility. In addition, initial and periodic testing of the Safety Critical Equipment before installation and

periodically is absolutely essential and the same must be ensured.

• Storage tank enclosures must be drained periodically during the rainy season in particular.

• As hydrocarbon related risks exist at the facility, ignition source control must be ensured during routine and

non routine operations.

• Ensuring that the public in vicinity of the facility is made aware of the hazards and also the hazards of

unplanned and irregular third-party activities- this may be done through frequent safety awareness

programmes, warning signage, explicit display of Do’s and Don’ts etc.

• Emergency Response Drills must be carried out frequently both internally within Vedanta Limited (Division

Cairn Oil & Gas) and also involving external authorities. Lessons learnt must be assimilated and disseminated

to concerned persons.

• The correct installation of the Safety Critical Equipment and their operational reliability are essential for the

safety of the facility. In addition, initial and periodic testing of the Safety Critical Equipment before installation

and periodically is essential and the same must be ensured.


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• For Jetfire scenarios for small leaks may be safeguarded against through proper fire protection means (Fire

and gas Detectors, Passive and Active firefighting systems. Proper firefighting system design and

implementation and fire drills, training etc. are essential and must be sustained through the project life cycle.

• The damage distance arises due to the Flash Fire mitigated by ensuring the that the area must be kept free

of ignition sources to the extent possible and the same must be ensured even during maintenance activity.

Non-sparking tools must be used and personnel entering the area must be “de-earthed” before entering. A

hazardous area classification study is suggested for placement of electrical equipment in the classified area.

• The damage distance for pool fire arising due the pool fire for small leaks shall be safeguarded against through

proper fire protection means.

• Key non-routine activities must be preceded by a Job Safety Analysis and Job or Task Risk Assessment

involving key personnel that would be working on the facility.

• Work Permit System must be implemented during the construction and operational phases of the project to

safeguard against any accidents. It must subsequently also cover the operational phase.

• Trips and falls hazard, electrical hazards etc. must be minimized through periodic safety audits and site

inspections using third party and Internal audit teams. Actions arising out of the audits must be implemented

in a time bound manner and followed up for closure.

• Vedanta Limited (Division Cairn Oil & Gas) must ensure suitable training to all personnel (Company as well

as Contractor personnel) to help prevent incidents/ accidents- such training must be refreshed periodically,

and a list of trained personnel must be maintained by Vedanta Limited (Division Cairn Oil & Gas)

• As ignition related risks exist at the facility, ignition source control must be ensured during routine and non-

routine operations.

• Apart from the process risks assessed, another very important category of incidents possible are those

associated with well operations. These risks could include uncontrolled blowouts, incidents associated with

rig movement/rig walk, wireline risks during wireline operations, well bore clean out risks, risks associated

with specific chemicals during drilling/well repair/ activation/other activities.

• On-site personnel are subject to standard occupational risks and Vedanta Limited (Division Cairn Oil & Gas)

must direct effort and resources into reducing these risks. Incidents connected with well operations, dropped

objects, personnel falls from height, electrocution incidents etc. are top priorities which Vedanta Limited

(Division Cairn Oil & Gas) would concentrate significant effort to prevent, prepare for and respond to. This

must be implemented through the Vedanta Limited (Division Cairn Oil & Gas) HSE Management System.

• HAZOP to be done once design is reasonably complete and before start up. In addition, a basic safeguarding

must be in place during the testing/early production phase- well shut/ surface facilities basic shut down must

be possible. A basic functioning F&G system too must be put in place with well shut down incase of F&G

activation. Initial phase well behavior could be unpredictable and necessary safeguarding must be in place-

essentially, the EPS must be equipped with basic shutdown facilities, typically “fit for purpose”. It is also

necessary that initial well operations are manned continuously- this of course, would be the case, since data

logging/monitoring would also be taking place.

• Storage Tank vents would be routed at safe height and location to avoid toxic/sudden vapour egress with

toxic/flammable hazard.

• Heater Treater BMS to be checked thoroughly before being put on line and necessary leak and performance

tests to be ensured properly. Burner light up sequences would be properly established and necessary site

verification tests etc. carried out

• Specific procedures to address sanding operations/ sand flush out must be in place.

• It must be ensured that Storage Tanks and Road Tankers are NOT overfilled (not more than 80%)- set points/

SOP to capture the same

• Road Tanker Bottom filling option is preferred- in case of top loading, OISD 157

(https://oilweb.oilindia.in/OISD_Standard/oisd%20standard_old/Std-157.doc) guidelines would be followed

for critical points

• Ensure proper (metallic/ metal braided) hoses, gaskets etc. and Road tanker earthing is properly executed.

• F&G system periodic testing and maintenance would be ensured to prevent major escalation scenario.


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• Periodic cleaning would be ensured for flame arrestors of storage tanks to prevent any Blockage/LOC

scenario.

Figure 68. Jet fire Results (1.5/F) – IS-01 -25 mm Leak Size

Figure 69. Flash Fire Result (1.5/F-IS-01-255 mm Leak Size)


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Figure 70. Flash Fire Results (%/D0-IS-06-25 mm Leak Size

Figure 71. Pool fire Results (5/D) – IS-06 -25 mm Leak Size


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Figure 72. Jet fire Results (5/D) – IS-06 -25 mm Leak Size

7.3 Disaster Management Plan In view of the hazardous nature of products / process handled in the project, Disaster Management Plans (DMPs)

has been prepared. These plans are based on various probable scenarios like Well Blow Out, Fire, Explosion,

Natural Calamities, etc. The consequence arising out of such incidents are accurately predicted with the help of

latest technique available by various Risk Analysis Studies. To minimize the extent of damage consequent to any

disaster and restoration of normalcy is the main purpose of DMP. The onsite Emergency Plans would deal with

handling of the emergency within boundary of the plants mainly with the help of industry’s own resources. Also,

when the damage extends to the neighbouring areas, affecting local population beyond boundaries of plant, Off-

site Emergency plans would be put into action in which quick response and services of many agencies are involved

e.g. District Authorities, Fire Services, Civil Defence, Medical, Police, Voluntary Organizations etc.

7.3.1 Objective of DMP

The following are the main objective of Disaster Management Plan:

• Safeguarding lives both at installations and in neighbourhood.

• Containing the incident & bringing it under control.

• Minimizing damage to property & environment.

• Resuscitation & treatment of causalities.

• Evacuating people to safe area.

• Identifying persons and to extend necessary welfare assistance to causalities.

• Finally, when situation is controlled, efforts are would be made to return to normal or near normal conditions.

7.3.2 Emergency Identified

Typical emergency situations which the Vedanta Ltd. (Division: Cairn Oil & gas) business has identified that could

occur within its field of operations are:

• Well Blowout


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• Fire / Explosion

• Gas Leakage (H2S, Natural Gas, etc.)

• Natural disaster such as earthquake, floods, storms, etc.

• Human injuries from accidents, falls, etc.

• Motor vehicle, road incidents

• Security incidents such as hold-ups, kidnapping, bomb threats, etc

7.3.3 Emergency Classification - Tiers of Emergency

Response

Response strategies shall be commensurate with the nature, scale and associated hazards and risks for relevant

emergency event.

The emergencies are classified as Tier 1, 2 & 3. The examples of Tier 1, 2 and 3 incidents are given in table 7.12.


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Table 7.13 Emergency Classification & Response Team

Emergency

Levels

Category Response Health & Safety Environment Security /

Community

Tier 1

Local

Reactive

─ A minor Incident where site / location team requires no external assistance and can control the incident with local resources

─ Incident Controller must notify the leader of the ERT or EMT as applicable

─ Emergency Response Teams

─ (IRT)/(ERT)

─ Minor medical or injury case requiring no external support

─ Equipment damage with loss of production

─ Minor fire with minor injury or plant damage

─ Rescue of trapped and injured personnel

─ Minor oil spill < 100T(700b bls)

─ Onsite environmental Exposure contained with internal efforts e.g. chemical spill

─ Notification of cyclone within 72 hrs

─ Minor security breach

─ Theft from site

─ Local unrest

Tier 2

Tactical

─ Substantial Incident

─ EMT leader decides to activate EMT

─ EMT leader must notify CMT Leader

─ Emergency Management Team

─ (EMT)

─ Any incident requiring additional / external resources

─ Fire or Explosion

─ Injury or illness requires evacuation

─ Traffic accident requires external assistance

─ Well blow out

─ Oil spill from >100T but <1000T (700–7000bbls)

─ Environmental exposure requiring outside help

─ Earthquake

─ Flood or Cyclone warning Yellow alert –within 12 hours

─ Community protest or security breach

─ Major criminal activity

Tier 3

Strategic

─ Crisis situation

─ CMT leader decides to activate CMT leader must notify the Chief Executive Officer

─ Crisis Management Team (CMT)

─ Incident leading to loss of facility

─ Incident leading to significant financial loss

─ Incident leading to multiple injuries or fatality

─ Total loss of marine vessel / vessel hitting platform

─ Helicopter crash

─ Well blowout

─ Incident which could lead to international media interest

─ Major traffic incident with multiple casualties

─ Oil spill more than 1000T (7000bbls)

─ Major Earthquake

─ Terrorist activities /bomb threat

─ Kidnap or extortion /threat

─ Major civil unrest /community protest


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7.3.4 On-site Emergency Response Plan

The Onsite & Offsite Disaster Management Plan (DMP) and Emergency Response Plan (ERP) are planned for

facilities, which are also extended to proposed activities. The scope of the DMP On-site Emergency Preparedness

Plan is to evaluate the various types of emergencies that can occur at rig installations and processing/production

facilities (Drilling and Production activities) and to formulate emergency plans, procedures that can be implemented

by Vedanta Ltd. (Division: Cairn Oil & Gas) in house. In case the contingency exceeds in dimension or geographical

coverage beyond Vedanta Ltd. (Division Cairn Oil & Gas)’s capability, the offsite Emergency plan shall be activated

concurrently with the help of District administration

Based on the incident classification and response team matrix mentioned above, Incident Response Team,

Emergency Response Team and Emergency Management Team gets involved.

Tier 1 Incident Response Team (IRT):

• The emergency or incident can be effectively and safely managed, and contained within the site, location or

facility by local staff.

• Emergency or incident has no impact outside the site, location or facility. IRT may provide support through

effective interaction with local stakeholders.

• Loss of life or severe environmental damage or material loss of asset or organisation’s reputation is not a

consequence of event / emergency.

Tier 1 incidents are managed by Site IRT, each site has own IRT.

Tier 1 Emergency Response Team (ERT):

• The ERT provide assistance and local support to the IRT’s in relevant area.

• The ERT have access to local outside site / external emergency services.

• For tier 2 emergency events.

Tier 2 Emergency Management Team (EMT)

• The incident cannot be effectively and safely managed or contained at the site location or facility by

operational local staff and additional support is required.

• The incident is having or has potential of impact beyond the site, location or facility and external support

may be required.

• Loss of life or severe environment damage or loss of asset or organisation’s reputation is possible

consequence of event / emergency.

• IRT may provide support through effective interactions with local stakeholders.

• ERT acts as interface between EMT and IRT for Midstream pipeline operations.

Tier 2 EMT is primarily for tactical response to the incident but may on occasions required to act in reactive

mode.

Tier 3 Crisis Management Team (CMT):

• The incident has escalated to a level having potential of loss of life, adverse effect on public or company’s

operations / reputation.

• Incident may have requirement of immediate action / guidance from Top Management.

Tier 3 incidents are incident escalating to the point requiring involvement of CMT

7.3.5 Responsibilities of the Individual Response

Organisations

The Incident Response Team is responsibility for managing all incidents and emergencies which may occur at or

in close proximity to their operational area. For emergencies where additional / external support is required the

person in charge of the incident response, the Incident Controller at a remote location, site or facility must notify


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and request support and assistance from the next level in the emergency management organisation. The ERT /

EMT would be notified of all incidents within 30 minutes of the IRT activation at a remote location, site or facility.

The key role and responsibilities of the IRT Leader would be

• To manage the response to any and all incident or emergencies at the Site, Plant or Field Location

• To Control the incident by preventing escalation and minimizing risk to personnel

• Direct and coordinate the activities of the Incident Control and Forward Response Teams.

• Ensuring sufficient trained and competent personnel are available to support the Response Teams.

• Ensuring the safety of all personnel working at the Site, Plant or Field location

• Evaluate and initiate immediate actions, to contain and mitigate effects of the incident or emergency. Monitor

the situation & determine need for evacuation.

• Establish head count and potential whereabouts of any missing personnel and if necessary prepare search,

rescue and recovery plan.

• Follow Incident Response Plan and if required develop a plan of action to deal with the incident or emergency

and communicating this plan to the IRT members

Emergency Response Team (ERT) – Pipeline (Reactive/Tactical)

This is Emergency Response Team, responsible for coordinating overall incident and emergency response for

pipeline incident at any of midstream pipeline locations.

The role and responsibilities of the ERT Leader would be:

• Co-ordination and Support of responses for all incident and emergency situations for the pipeline;

• Reporting all incident and emergency situations in the pipeline operations to the EMT Leader in line with

notification requirements;

• Provide and deploy additional resources as needed by the Incident Controller;

• Ensure all direct communications with the EMT;

• Determine the actual and possible impact of the incident;

• Ensure that information associated with the incident is promptly considered by the Support Team;

Emergency Management Team (EMT) – Tactical/Strategic Response

In the event of an incident or emergency the Emergency Management Team Leader would make a decision whether

or not to mobilise the EMT. If the decision is taken to mobilise the EMT then all EMT duty personnel are required

to proceed promptly to the Emergency Management Team Room and manage emergency in accordance with their

role, responsibility and as directed by the duty EMT Leader. DOA shall be nominated for absence.

The EMT organisation has following roles and responsibilities:

• EMT Leader – In overall in-charge / team leader, responsible for Company’s tactical response to all

emergency situations in respective SBU. They are also responsible for reporting incidents to the regulating

authorities.

• Human Resources Coordinator – Responsible for providing HR services advice and support

• Logistics Co-ordinator – Responsible for providing transport and logistics support as required

• Operation and Technical Coordinator – Responsible for providing operational and technical support and

advice

• Finance – Responsible for providing financial support and advice.

• HSE Coordinator – Responsible for providing health, safety, environmental support and response.

• Recorder – Responsible for maintaining a timed log of key events and actions

• Security Coordinator – Responsible for providing security support advice and assisting others as required by

EMT Leader


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The above list identifies a number of key EMT roles, following additional supporting roles may be called on when

as and when required, typical roles being:

• Air Medevac Nodal Officer – Responsible for facilitating air medevac.

• IT/Telecommunication Co-ordinator – Responsible for providing the EMT with technical support associated

with the communications hardware and software

• Company Medical Officer – Responsible for providing advice and assistance on health and medical issues.

• Legal – Responsible for providing support on legal / regulatory aspects.

• Public Relation / Corp Com – Responsible for communication with media and external stake holders.

• Contractor’s representatives – who may be called in to assist the EMT would the incident involve members

of their organisation

Crisis Management Team (CMT) Roles

The Crisis Management Team is comprised of small core of senior executives. The CMT would collectively have

responsibility for all major actions taken before; during, and after the crisis situation has occurred.

The role and responsibilities of the CMT would be:

• Select additional specialist resources to join the CMT or to advise the CMT during a crisis, depending on the

nature of the crisis

• Develop and implement crisis management strategy

• Develop and communicate the operating mandate of the CMT to those with responsibility for the on-scene

activities

• Nominate spokesperson to cover media interviews

• Establish contact and communicate with appropriate government or other agencies

• Prepare to coordinate business continuity and recovery strategy

7.3.6 Emergency Response Strategies / Evacuation Plan

Emergency response strategies (ERS) are the documented decisions on required emergency response measures

for identified emergencies, based on risk evaluation and assessment process. It shall consider all statutory

requirements applicable to the installations.

The objective of ERS is to identify the means would be used to secure adequate emergency response. It provides

basis for monitoring of the adequacy of the emergency response measures so that they can be modified when

essential. ERS would include appropriate standard of performance for response measures associated with each

type of identified major accident hazard and installation specific factors.

ERS would include the following elements:

• Organisation

• Procedures

• Equipment

• Information

• Competency building measures (Training & refresher courses and Drills & exercises)

• The role of any other measure essential for achieving successful emergency response

Emergency response measures shall consider the available resources as below:

• Installation resources: They are immediately available on the installation and are under control of installation

Manager / In-charge. These include personnel and equipment that can be assigned emergency role.

• Area resources: These resources are available on the installations in the vicinity, within same area and are

not under control of Installation In-charge. The resources may be available within the Vedanta Ltd. (Cairn Oil

& Gas) or available by a mutual aid or cooperation agreement.


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• External resources: These resources are available by a mutual aid or cooperation agreement at regional,

national or international level and include organisations, professional bodies and resource persons.

The general requirements as per Vedanta Technical Standard VED/CORP/SUST/TS 13 on Emergency and Crisis

Management are:

• Crisis situations shall be managed centrally by Cairn Oil and Gas business, in accordance with the

requirements outlined in the standard.

• SBU operations shall also have procedures in place to ensure crisis situations are escalated to Cairn Oil and

Gas business and Vedanta Group as appropriate.

• Emergency situations shall be managed by SBU operations and reported to Cairn Oil and Gas business and

Vedanta Group as appropriate.

• Incidents shall be managed at the SBU operation level and reported in accordance with SBU operations,

Cairn Oil and Gas business, Vedanta Group and regulatory reporting requirements. Also refer Management

Standard MS11 on Incident Reporting, Escalation and Investigation.

• Emergency Preparedness and Response Plans shall be developed, implemented and maintained at the SBU

operation, Cairn Oil and Gas business and Group level to deal with incidents, emergencies and crisis

situations.

Additional Vedanta Ltd. (Division Cairn Oil and Gas) requirements are:

• The objective of emergency response planning is to have clear written procedures for expected actions during

anticipated emergencies. Emergency response plan includes operational and procedural requirements for

various emergency scenarios that are relevant for the installation.

• Ensure that appropriate resources and incident / emergency response plans are prepared, practiced and

available. The procedures shall include provision for emergency arrangements with contractors.

• Critical resources of emergency response would include:

─ Emergency power systems

─ Fire and gas detection systems

─ Active fire protection

─ Passive fire protection

─ Shutdown system

─ Explosion mitigation and protection systems

─ Evacuation escape and rescue arrangements

• Every Cairn business unit (including projects and offices) shall be covered by trained Incident and Emergency

Management Teams who would manage and execute the emergency plans.

• All members of the emergency organisations would be trained and competent to perform their assigned role

within the incident response (IRT) / emergency response (ERT) / emergency management (EMT).

• Arrangements for emergency medical treatment shall consider injuries to persons as a result of minor

accidents & major accidental events, illness of persons on installation, transportation & evacuation of sick and

injured personnel.

• Controlled medicines shall be stored in a secure place accessible only to those who are trained to administer

these.

• The level of medical facilities and trained personnel provided would be in line with the requirements identified

in emergency response strategy. Key points would be considered is identification of medical facilities /

hospitals

• Emergency response plans shall comply with all relevant legislative and regulatory requirements to ensure

emergency capabilities are maintained and achieved.

• Procedure for designing emergency response measures would be based on:

• Integration of emergency response with / into design and operations

• Automatic or remotely operated safety systems to mitigate the effects of an incident


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• Emergency response organisation structure

• Wherever applicable offsite emergency response / disaster management plans would be ensured.

• Essential safety system (such as control stations, temporary refuge, muster areas, fire pumps) shall be

located where they are least likely to be affected by fires and explosions.

• Emergency shut down (ESD) system shall be designed such, that it is capable of fulfilling its function under

the conditions of incident. If installation is in operation, the essential shutdown functions shall be available

during maintenance activities, which affect the operation of the ESD system. ESD system shall contain

facilities for testing of both input / output devices and internal functions.

• Evacuation and escape routes shall be provided from all areas of an installation where personnel may be

expected would be present during their normal activities. Alternative means to allow persons to safely leave

the installation in an emergency shall be provided.

• Evacuation and escape routes shall have adequate illumination with emergency lighting and shall be marked

to ensure that ‘they can be used during emergency conditions. All escape routes shall be unobstructed

(including vertical clearance) and readily accessible.

• Personal protective equipment for use in major accident hazards would be suitable for the circumstances in

which it may have would be used and the individuals who may have to use it.

• PPE for use in an emergency would be for all persons on the installation for use in condition of fire, heat, gas

release or smoke to enable them to reach muster areas, temporary refuges and evacuation or escape points.

Those with specific emergency duties shall also be provided appropriate PPE for use like fire suits and

breathing apparatus etc.

• During an emergency, security arrangements shall ensure that unauthorised persons do not enter the incident

site by controlling assess and if need arises the area around the site can be evacuated and cordoned to

ensure safety of the persons.

• Environmental emergency response would consider:

─ Oil-pollution control equipment that would be located on the installation

─ Environmental conditions that may be present when the equipment is deployed

─ Capacity of the oil recovery system

─ Characteristics of the oil / emulsion would be recovered

─ Means to identify the extent of the spill

─ Facilities to handle any recovered oil.

• International conventions have introduced the requirements to develop national plans for oil-spill response in

offshore, and Offshore Assets / SBUs / Operations would ensure that their installations’ emergency response

plans are aligned with the national requirements.

Responsibilities of the Employees

The establishment and maintenance of best possible conditions of work is, no doubt, the responsibility of the Project

Management. It is also necessary that each employee follows prescribed safe methods of work. He would take

reasonable care for the health and safety of himself, or his fellow employees and of other persons who may be

affected by his action at work. With this in mind, employees shall be trained would be health and safety conscious

in the following aspects:

Report Potential Hazards

Observe Safety rules, procedures and codes of practice

Use Tools and equipments with all care and responsibility

Participate In safety training course when called upon to do so.

Make Use Of safety suggestion schemes.

Take An active and personal interest in promoting health and safety

Each unit shall identify and document the resources required to ensure the effective implementation of the

emergency and crisis management procedures. Resource requirements shall meet the requirements of the


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Vedanta Management Standard MS01 on Leadership, Responsibilities and Resources. The following resources

shall be considered and made available as necessary:

• Trained and competent personnel;

• Equipment and other materials including Personal Protective Equipment (PPE);

• Warning devices;

• Medical services, including personnel trained in first aid, and medical equipment that is appropriate to the

type of operation;

• Emergency services support; and

• Emergency funding, along with an appropriate mechanism for delivering funds.

The capacity of external resources, such as local firefighting capacity, shall be assessed, and additional resources

acquired and maintained at the operation where external resources are deemed insufficient.

The resources identified shall be maintained and tested on a regular basis, and their adequacy reviewed

periodically.

Communication Systems

Emergency response relies upon effective and reliable communication between all personnel involved in response.

Communication systems shall:

• Provide sufficient reliable information / alarm to personnel on the installation to enable them to take the

appropriate emergency actions.

• Provide means for those on the installation to communicate with the person in overall charge.

• Provide reliable arrangements to allow the person in overall charge to communicate with all personnel on the

installation regarding the nature of any emergency and the actions they are required to take.

• Provide reliable means to allow the person in overall charge to communicate with area and external resources

who have a role in emergency response.

• Suitable equipment, information processing and procedures shall be in place to enable effective

communications. The means of communication shall be selected based on the need for communication in

likely scenarios including operational conditions under which they are to function like, noise, ambient

conditions and susceptibility to damage. So far as reasonable, communication arrangements should remain

available throughout the emergency

• Alarm signals used, and their meanings would be described in the emergency response plan along with the

procedures would be followed in the event of an alarm. Persons would be provided with adequate information

to allow them to, initiate alarms where necessary, distinguish between alarms and respond to alarms.

• Adequate alarms and warning devices, along with other forms of communication, shall be maintained to

reliably alert persons across the whole site in the event of an emergency.

• Independent secondary / back-up communications systems shall be provided in case the emergency incident

makes the normal communication system inoperable.

• Ensure that the means are in place to alert to the connected installations, the local community / neighbouring

businesses in the event of an emergency that has the potential interface with them.

7.3.7 Training and Emergency Response Drills

All persons on the installation or in connected activities (including contractor’s personnel) shall be trained

periodically for emergency response and evacuation procedures. Training for employees having assigned roles in

emergency response shall be completed before they are called upon to perform in real emergencies. Emergency

response organisation structure (IRT/ERT/EMT/CMT) shall ensure command by competent persons, which can be

maintained, so far as is practicable, throughout an emergency.

• Key persons such as the Installation Incharge and Shift Incharge / control room operator shall be assessed

for required competence to perform emergencies duties before assigning of duties. As far as possible,

assessment would be under simulated emergency conditions.


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• Competency and training needs shall meet the requirements of the Vedanta management Standard MS06 on

Competency, Training and Awareness

• An emergency response table top exercise / emergency response drill is a focused activity that places the

participants in a simulated situation requiring them to function in the capacity that would be expected of them

in a real event. Its purpose is to ensure preparedness by testing policies and plans and by training personnel.

One objective of an exercise is would be able to identify problem areas for resolution/ corrective action before

an actual emergency occurs.

• The drills need to address the readiness of personnel and their familiarity / proficiency with emergency

equipment and procedures. All personnel on the installation involved including contractor’s employees would

participate in the drills.

• The drills and table top exercises shall be carried out as often as appropriate, against documented schedule.

Would be scheduled regularly, at least once a year for full drills and six monthly for desk-based exercises,

although the exact frequency and type of drills may depend on the nature and scale of the operations, and

the associated risks.

• Emergency response plan shall be reviewed and revised as appropriate in line with the findings from drills

and table top exercises.

• Involve external emergency response agencies and other external stakeholders, where appropriate.

7.3.8 Performance Measures

• Key elements of functionality, survivability, reliability and availability shall be included in performance

standards. Achievability of performance standards would be validated.

• Effective operations, inspection, testing and maintenance procedures shall be established to ensure that the

functional requirements of the equipment and systems provided for emergency escape, evacuation and

rescue response are maintained.

• A written scheme shall be prepared, detailing the inspection, testing and maintenance routines and

frequencies would be followed. All emergency equipment and systems shall be thoroughly inspected,

following established procedures. Adequate records of the results of the inspection, testing and maintenance

shall be kept and shall be periodically reviewed to confirm that the written scheme is appropriate and is being

adequately implemented.

7.3.9 Monitoring, Evaluation and Review

Documented reviews would be carried out after all drills and actual emergency responses to determine the

effectiveness of the Emergency Preparedness and Response Plans, with a full debrief to identify what worked well

and what aspects require improvement.

Lessons learned following exercises or actual emergency situations/incidents shall be documented, and any gaps

in planning and implementation shall be addressed in revised versions of the Emergency Preparedness and

Response Plans. Lessons learned shall be shared across Vedanta’s operations where appropriate.

All Emergency Preparedness and Response Plans shall be reviewed and updated periodically, at least on an

annual basis, to ensure they remain appropriate and relevant. Reviews shall also meet the requirements of the

Vedanta Management Standard MS14 on Management Review and Continual Improvement.

7.3.10 Preventive and Mitigation Measures for Well Blow out

Blow-out (uncontrolled gushing of oil & gas) is the worst situation, which may arise at oil wells during drilling, work-

over operations, perforation, and reservoir studies at active wells, etc. or due to some unforeseen reasons.

A blow out, though rare, in a drilling operation is often accompanied by fire and explosion exposing workers to

serious danger to their lives, burns and poisoning. To understand the failure modes resulting to formation of kick

and subsequent blow outs, one has to understand the safety systems installed for blow out prevention.

Prevention of blow outs rests primarily on control of any kick in the well bore. A kick means entry of formation fluids

into well bore in large enough quantity to require shutting in the well under pressure. Once a kick is detected, steps


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can be taken to control entry of formation fluids into the well bore by over balancing the expected bottom hole

pressure with properly conditioned mud and operation of safety valves i.e. Blow Out Preventer (BOP), whereby the

space between the drill pipes and the casings can be closed and well itself shut off completely. Several instruments

are provided on a drilling rig for detection of kicks.

7.3.11 Instrumentation in Mud System

Continuous monitoring of condition of mud in the well provides information useful for well control. The following

processes are used in the drilling mud system for this purpose:

• A pit level indicator registering increase or decrease in drilling mud volume. It is connected with an audio-

visual alarm near the drillers control panel.

• A trip with float-marking device to accurately measure the volume of mud going in to the well. This is useful

to keep the well fed with required quantity of mud at all times.

• A gas detector or explosive meter installed at the primary shale shaker together with an audio-visual alarm at

the drillers control panel to indicate the well presence of gas-cut mud in the well.

• The kick in the well is prevented by keeping the hydrostatic head of the drilling fluid greater than the formation

pressure. The primary control can be lost in the following situations:

• If there is reduction in hydrostatic pressure in the well due to swabbing, which maybe caused if the drilling

string is pulled out too fast or by a balled-up or clogged bit, which is indicated by insufficient filling of mud.

7.3.12 Preventive Measures for Handling Natural Gas

The natural gas is a colourless, odourless, flammable gas, mainly methane which may cause flash fire. Electrostatic

charge may be generated by flow, agitation etc. No occupational exposure limits have been established for natural

gas. The preventive measures would be taken to avoid impact due to leakages are

• Provide local exhaust ventilation system: Ventilation equipment would be explosion-resistant if explosive

concentrations of material are present.

• Gloves: Wear appropriate chemical resistant gloves.

• Respirator: Under conditions of frequent use or heavy exposure, respiratory protection may be needed.

7.3.13 Leakage of H2S Gas

Hydrogen sulphide is a colourless, flammable, extremely hazardous gas with “rotten egg” smell. Low

concentrations of H2S irritate the eyes, nose, throat and respiratory system e.g. burning / tearing of eyes, cough,

and shortness of breath. Repeated or prolonged exposures may cause eye inflammation, headache, fatigue,

irritability, insomnia, digestive disturbances and weight loss.

The preventive measures would be taken up in case of leakages are:

• Stop the source of leakage (i.e. close the well)

• Remove victim, if any to fresh air, if breathing, maintain victim at rest & administer oxygen, if available, if

person is not breathing, start artificial respiration immediately or start mechanical/ automatic resuscitator. Call

ambulance and sent victim to hospital or doctor.

• Avoid & extinguish all naked flames

• Pull out all inflammable material i.e. HSD, Gas Cylinders, Chemicals etc. from the premises of well /

installation.

• Pull out all possible equipment to safe distances.

• Call for fire tender and start spraying water on the sources of leakage to dissolve H2S in water.

• Evacuate personnel in 500 mts area from down wind direction.

• Warn nearby inhabitants, if required.

• Cordon off the area & do not allow entry of any unauthorized person.


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Vedanta Ltd. (Cairn Oil & Gas)’s operations in the Block have indicated that there is no naturally occurring H2S in

the reservoir and therefore release of H2S during drilling operations is not expected.

7.3.14 Preventing Fire and Explosion Hazards

Fire is one of the major hazards, related to oil and natural gas well. Fire prevention and code enforcement is the

area of responsibility of the fire service. Safe operating practices reduce the probability of an accidental fire on a

platform. Personnel would understand their duties and responsibilities and be attentive to conditions that might

lead to fire. The following precautions are recommended:

• Fire control cannot be achieved until the source of fuel and ignition is isolated. Fire control cannot be achieved

until the source of fuel and ignition is isolated. An emergency shut down (ESD) system shall be provided to

isolate the installation from the major hydrocarbon inventories within pipelines and reservoirs, which if

released on failure, would pose an intolerable risk to personnel, environment and the equipment / assets.

• There would be provision for safe handling and storage of dirty rags, trash and waste oil. Flammable liquids

and chemicals spilled on platform would be immediately cleaned.

• Containers of paints and HC samples, gas cylinders should be stored properly. Gas cylinders should be

transported in hand-carts

• Cutting and welding operations would be conducted in accordance with safe procedures

• Smoking would be restricted to designated platform areas and “no smoking” areas should be clearly identified

by warning signs

• Platform equipment would be maintained in good operating condition and kept free from external

accumulation of dust and hydrocarbons. Particular attention would be given to crude oil pump, seals, diesel

and gas engines which could be potential source of ignition in the event of a failure

• The Disaster Management Plan would address the issue of a fire event at any location on the well and the

procedure would be adopted in the very unlikely event of this occurring. If a fire starts in any well, that section

of the well would be isolated by closing the section (Block) valves, as quickly as possible and surrounding

facilities would be cooled with water.

7.3.15 Off-site Emergency Plan

The Off-Site Emergency Plan is a compilation of various emergency scenarios and also includes the probable

impact off-site locations due to emergency and the action plan to combat / mitigate the consequences of a disaster

situation. Emergency is a sudden unexpected event, which can cause serious damage to personnel life, property

and environment as a whole, which necessitate evolving off-site emergency plan to combat any such eventuality.

Emergencies can be handled by an organized multi-disciplinary approach. If it becomes necessary to evacuate

people, then this can be done in orderly way.

Under the Environmental (Protection) Act 1986, the responsibility of preparation of Off-Site Emergency Plan lies

with the State Government. The Collector/ Deputy Collector by virtue of their occupation are normally nominated

by the concerned State Government to plan Off-Site Emergency Plan. The different agencies involved in evacuation

of people are civil administration (both state and central) and police authorities.

Purpose

• To save life and prevent/reduce loss of properties

• To make explicit inter related set of actions would be undertaken in the event of an accident posing hazards

to the community

• To plan for rescue and recuperation of casualties and injuries. To plan for relief and rehabilitation

• To plan for prevention of harms, total loss and recurrence of disaster. It would be ensured that absolute safety

and security is achieved within the shortest time

The activities of the government, Non-Government organizations and concerned personnel involved in off-site

disaster management plan are as follows:


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These would include the safety procedures would be followed during emergencies such as posters, talks and mass

media in different languages including local language. Leaflets containing do’s/ don’ts would would be circulated

to educate the people in vicinity

Medical Help consisted of doctors and supporting staff for medical help to the injured persons because of disaster

would be formed. Functions and duties of the committee include, providing first Said treatment for injured at the

spot or at some convenient place and shift those to nearby hospitals for further treatment if required

The police would assist in controlling of the accident site, organizing evacuation and shifting of injured people to

nearby hospitals.

The fire brigade shall organize to put out fires other than gas fires and provide assistance as required. Approach

roads to accident site and means of escape would be properly identified. Chief fire officer would co-ordinate entire

fire control measures. Routine training of fire fighting equipment and special rescue equipment should be carried

out. Concerned officer would ensure adequate supply of fire water and fire fighting agents at the site of emergency.

Maintenance of standby equipment / personnel for fire fighting would be ready at any given time.

Mutual Aid

Disaster / emergency / risk, when becomes difficult to control by in house team / management, help from nearby

industries, institutions, etc. can be taken. A group of mutual aid can be formed where emergency control systems

like ambulance, fire fighting equipments, medical & fire-fighting team, etc. can be shared in the event of need.

Post Emergency Relief to the Victims

The Public Liability Insurance (PLI) Act, 1991 provides for the owner who has control over handling hazardous

substances to pay specified amount of money to the victims as interim relief by taking insurance policy for this

purpose. The District Collector has definite role in implementation of this act. After proper assessment of the

incident, he shall invite applications for relief, conduct an enquiry into the claims and arrange payment of the relief

amount to the victims.

7.3.16 General Health and Safety

The project would adhere to health & safety norms of The Factories Act, 1948 and Rajasthan Factory Rules,

1951, as applicable along with Best Industry Practices.

General health and safety issues during various project activities are similar to those of most large infrastructure

and industrial facilities and their prevention and control. These issues include among others, exposure to dust

and hazardous materials, hazardous materials components, and physical hazards associated with the use of

heavy equipment, etc.

Specific health and safety issues primarily include the following:

• Physical hazards

• Chemical hazards

• Confined spaces

Physical Hazards - The main sources of physical hazards are associated with machinery and vehicles. General

electrical equipment safety, working in confined spaces, hot work, high temperature areas are expected would be

present.

Chemical Hazards - workers may be exposed to chemical hazards especially if their work entails direct contact

with fuels or chemicals, flare & DG set emission or depending on the nature of activities. Work with fuels may

present a risk of exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOC) via inhalation or skin contact during normal use

or in the case of spills.

Noise - Noise sources include drilling, DG operations, including vehicular traffic, and boats. In order to evaluate

the impacts of proposed project on the health of workers, baseline health studies would be carried out on every

worker before joining their duties.

The hierarchy of control specific for health & safety (in order of priority):

• Eliminate the use of a harmful product or substance and use a safer one;


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• Substituting wherever reasonably practicable, a non-hazardous material which presents no risk to health,

where a hazardous material is used intentionally, i.e. use a safer form of the product;

• Modifying a process to eliminate the use of risk, the production of a hazardous by-product or waste product,

including reducing the quantities of the hazardous material which are used & stored, i.e. change the process

to emit less of the substance;

• Enclose the process so that the product does not escape;

• Extract emissions of the substance near the source;

• Provide personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves, coveralls and a respirator. PPE must fit the

wearer.

7.3.17 Personal Protective Equipment

Often it is not possible, or practicable, to eliminate exposure to materials hazardous to health completely. In such

cases, operations would consider how to prevent employees being exposed and the prevention of exposure

would be achieved by measures other than the use of PPE or Respiratory Protective Equipment (RPE), which is

the last line of defence.

Situations where PPE/RPE would normally be necessary include:

• where adequate control of exposure cannot be achieved solely by good practice and the application of

operational or engineering measures;

• where new or revised assessment shows that PPE/RPE is necessary until adequate control is achieved by

other means;

• where there is temporary failure to achieve adequate control of the process, e.g. because of plant failure,

and the only practicable solution to maintain adequate control in the time available may be the provision and

use of suitable PPE/RPE; and

• where maintenance operations have would be carried out.

Key personal protective equipment would include:

• Body suit

• Hand gloves

• Helmet

• Safety shoes

• Safety harness

• Breathing apparatus

• Eye shield

• Ear muffs

7.3.18 First Aid

Medical services, including personnel trained in first aid, and medical equipment that is appropriate to the type of

operation would be provided at project.

All persons on an installation would have at least basic training in emergency response, basic first aid, use of life

saving appliances and firefighting. Individual competencies shall be periodically tested to identify further

requirement of training and knowledge to perform emergency duties.

It would be ensured that any auxiliary medical teams e.g. nurses and first aid personnel are fully trained and

conversant with their roles and responsibilities.

Contact details & capacities of nearby medical facilities and medical experts would be made available at strategic

locations.


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7.3.19 Disaster Management Plan for Natural Hazard

Key natural hazards that occur in Rajasthan are earthquake, flash flood, hailstorms, sand storm, etc.

• Earthquake - As per the BMPTC Atlas, various parts of the State of Rajasthan fall under earthquake zones

III. General awareness and wide dissemination of do’s and don’ts through electronic and print media issued

by state disaster management agency would be followed.

• Flood - Though most parts of Rajasthan receive scanty rainfall, the State has a history of floods and

inundations, mostly along the basins of rivers like Luni. Besides the floods in natural drainage systems, there

are other reasons for inundation. Changes in rainfall patterns have also increased the risk of flash floods in

many areas that were not flood prone historically. IMD and other government department warnings should be

monitored and in case of any such warning, relevant steps as guided by on site disaster management plan

would be followed. Instruction given by key departments like IMD, district disaster management center, etc.

to be followed

• Hailstorms - cause heavy damage to crops and vegetations. Secondary hazards like snapping of electric

poles due to uprooting of trees, disruption of communication links, etc. are also attributed to hailstorms. Frost

is a regular feature in many parts of Rajasthan. Measure like avoiding traveling, clearing of area, etc. should

be taken along with on site disaster management plan.

• Sand storms are typical features of south-western Rajasthan. High velocity winds along with sand, often

cyclonic in nature, blow through most of the western districts, particularly in months from March to June. High

wind and sand storms severely disrupt the routine life, transportation, electricity and other essential services.

• Human Epidemics - Although, Rajasthan has a history of disease outbreaks such as Cholera, Gastroenteritis,

Acute Diarrhoea/ Dysentery, Infective Hepatitis, Encephalitis, Poliomyelitis, Typhoid and recently H1NI; the

State is particularly prone to Malaria. Conduct regular hygeine awareness and conduct targeted vaccination

drives as required. Workers would be trained for hygienic work environment, sanitation & living conditions.

It has been observed that natural hazards can be minimized by the presence of a well functioning communication

/ warning system. A well prepared administration needs to have its communication/early warning system in place

to enable precautionary & mitigation measures on receiving warning for impending disasters and in the process

minimise loss of life & property.

Data from different reliable sources would collected and monitored in real or near real time and analysed to

generate a warning alert in the event of likelihood of a disaster.

• The Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) would be the nodal agency for the monitoring of seismic activity,

flood, etc.

• Tie up / contacts / communication with State Disaster Response Force (SDRF), district disaster management

center would be maintained SDRF has been constituted in the State with stations at locations i.e. Jodhpur,

Jaipur & Kota.

• Local Search and Rescue Team at the local level comprising of retired Army and Police personnel, Civil

Defence and Home Guard, volunteers can be identified and trained to perform initial Search and Rescue

operations.

• Apart from the above, Community volunteers/ representatives would be identified and trained on search and

rescue operations through community Based Disaster Management programme.

• Disaster Management and Relief Department website/ communication along with other line departments like

fire, polic, health, etc. would be checked


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8. PROJECT BENEEFITS The proposed project would establish the potential of hydrocarbons in the Block. The development of the oil Block

would result in considerable growth of service sector and would also generate direct/indirect employment and

business opportunities in the area. The major benefits of the project include reduction of the oil import bill of the

nation as well as reduction of the imbalance in oil production and consumption.

The commercial development would also lead to investment in Rajasthan, bringing oil and gas revenues both to

the State and to the Central Government. The presence of Cairn Oil & Gas in the region would substantially improve

the socio-economic conditions of the region. Employment opportunity for local people as contract/daily wages in

nearby areas.

8.1 Revenue Earning of Central & State

Government Vedanta Limited (Division Cairn Oil & Gas) has been allotted with an exploration Block in Barmer Basin, namely

RJ-ONHP-2017/1 by Government of India under the Revenue Sharing Contract (RSC) for exploration and

exploitation of hydrocarbon. A Revenue Sharing Contract (RSC) was signed between the Government of India

(GoI) and Vedanta Limited on 1st October 2018.

Due to hydrocarbon discovery and then its production, use & sell, central as well as state government would get

benefited through revenue earning and sharing.

8.2 Employment Potential The employment of local people in primary and secondary sectors of project shall upgrade the prosperity of the

region. This in-turn would improve the socio-economic conditions of the area.

• Direct and indirect employment opportunities to many unskilled and semi-skilled labours in nearby villages.

• In case the hydrocarbon is established in the Block, considerable number of people would be benefited by

provision of services to the residents including hotels, restaurants, transport services etc. Thus, the direct and

indirect employment generation by this project.

8.3 Corporate Social Responsibility Vedanta Limited (Division: Cairn Oil & Gas) has taken up various CSR initiatives in and around its present

operational areas as per the CSR Act and Rules, Govt. of India.

CSR measures would be taken up by Vedanta Limited. (Division: Cairn Oil & Gas) in case of commercially viable

hydrocarbon discovery & further full-fledged development of the hydrocarbon block and production and associated

facilities.

8.4 Proposed CER(Corporate Environmental

Responsibilities) Strategy The company would comply with the 1st May 2018 OM w.r.t. CER and the cost would be assessed on actual

project capex expenditure of that particular financial year.


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9. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

This section describes the Environmental Management Plan (EMP) for the proposed project.

• Organizational structure for HSE management– This subsection describes the current HSE organization in

Vedanta Limited (Cairn oil and Gas) which would be responsible for implementing this EMP.

• Proposed Environmental Management Plan – This Plan consists of a detailed description of the positive and

negative environmental impacts anticipated from the proposed project, mitigation/ management measures

and the persons/ parties responsible for ensuring implementation of such measures.

• Additional Plans - Additional plans such as Waste Management Plan, Oil Spill Response Plan have also

been provided.

• EMP implementation review process – This subsection describes the requirements for periodic review and

updating of the EMP to address any new impacts due to change or modification of the project.

• Budgetary allocation for EMP implementation – Provides the details of budget allocation for the various

mitigation measures proposed for the Project.

9.1 Organization Structure for HSE Management Vedanta Limited (Division Cairn Oil & Gas) has formulated a Health, Safety and Environment (HSE) Policy for its

operations. Through the HSE Policy, Vedanta Limited (Division: Cairn Oil and Gas) is committed to protect the

health and safety of everyone involved in its operations, and the sustainability of the environment in which it

operates. Vedanta Limited (Division Cairn Oil & Gas) strives for continual improvement and the adoption of

international codes and standards. Vedanta Limited (Division Cairn Oil & Gas) aims at ensuring that all its

operations comply with applicable health, safety and environmental laws, regulations and other requirements.

Organiza HSE Policy of Vedanta Limited is presented in Figure 74.

Figure 73. Vendanta Limited (Division: Cairn Oil and Gas) HSE organizational structure for implementation of EMP.


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Figure 74. HSE Policy of Vendanta Limited (Division Cairn Oil and Gas)

The HSE team would have the following responsibilities:


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Ensure effective implementation of the Environmental Management Plan (EMP) through review and periodic

updation;

Vedanta Limited (Division: Cairn Oil and Gas) would have the ultimate responsibility of implementing the

environment management plan along with drilling contractor. The drilling contractor would have an HSE

management system, which would be reviewed by Vedanta Limited (Division: Cairn oil and Gas) prior to

implementation.

9.2 Air Quality Management Plan: The Air Quality Management Plan (AQMP) encompasses both constructions, drilling and early production phase

activities for the proposed project that has the potential to adversely affect ambient air quality due to the proposed

project.

The AQMP establishes specific measures and guidelines aimed at effectively addressing and mitigating the air

quality impacts that may arise as result of construction of well early production, drilling operations, operation of

production facilities and decommissioning/site closure of well sites. The plan also details out roles and

responsibilities of Vedanta Limited (Division: Cairn Oil & Gas) and the contractors to ensure effective

implementation of the plan.


Phase Mitigation Measures

Construction/ drill Site Preparation Designing, Planning & Procurement

• Storage and handling of construction material and debris

would be carefully managed to prevent generation of

fugitive dust;

• All vehicles use in transportation of raw material and

personnel would have valid Pollution under Control

Certificate (PUC). Vehicular exhaust would be complying

with the CPCB specified emission norms for vehicular

Emission;

• The top soil stripped from site preparation activities would

be stored in designated area and stabilized to prevent

fugitive dust emissions;

• Adequate stack height would be provided to DG sets in

accordance with CPCB standards.

Dust Suppression

• Sprinkling of water on earthworks, material

haulage and transportation routes on a regular

basis, especially in dry season.

Drilling and early production

Operation of Machineries, Vehicle & Drilling Rig

• Exhausts of diesel/ gas generators would be positioned

at a sufficient height to ensure dispersal of exhaust

emissions; engines would not be left running

unnecessarily;

• Vehicles involved in the transportation of project

personnel would have valid PUC Certificate and would be

subjected to periodic preventive maintenance;

Periodic Maintenance of Machinery and Vehicles

• Periodic maintenance of DG/GEG sets would be

undertaken;

• Flaring would be undertaken in accordance with

the CPCB Guidelines for Gaseous Emissions for

Oil & Gas;


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9.3 Waste Management Plan

The Waste Management Plan (WMP) is applicable for all process and non-process waste streams which are

generated during various phases of Vedanta Limited (Division: Cairn Oil & Gas) proposed drilling and testing of

hydrocarbons in this Block. The major waste streams covered under this plan includes drill cuttings, waste drilling

mud, drilling wash water, kitchen waste and sewage. In addition, waste oil and lead acid batteries generated from

the proposed project operations have also been dealt in this plan.

The WMP establishes specific measures to ensure proper collection, storage, treatment and disposal of the

identified process and non-process waste streams in accordance with the applicable national regulations and

guidelines and also to ensure compliance with Vedanta Limited (Division: Cairn Oil & Gas) corporate HSE Policy.

The plan also outlines roles and responsibilities of both Vedanta Limited (Division: Cairn Oil & Gas) and the

contractors involved in the implementation of the plan.

Mitigation Measures

The following mitigation measures need would be adopted and implemented by Vedanta Limited (Division: Cairn

Oil & Gas) and its contractors for the major waste streams identified in the plan.

Waste Quantity Mitigation Measure

Drill Cuttings Drill cuttings associated with WBM: 250-750 tons/well, Drill Cuttings associated with SBM (500-1500 tons/well)

• Drill cuttings separated from drilling fluid would

be adequately washed and temporarily

• All drill cuttings would be disposed as per

Hazardous and Other Wastes (Management

and Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2016;

Spent WBM 250-500 tons/well

• The mud would be disposed as per CPCB

standard prescribed for Oil and Gas industry or

as specified by RSPCB.

Waste oil/ Used oil 1-2 tons/well • Hazardous waste (waste and used oil) would be

managed in accordance with Hazardous Waste

(Management, Handling & Transboundary

Movement) Rules, 2008.

Municipal Solid Waste 25-30 kg/well • The waste would be segregated at source

(organic/inorganic) and disposed accordingly.

• All kinds of waste would be disposed in

accordance with the requirement of

CPCB/RSPCB.

Sewage 16-25 m3/day per well • Sewage generated from campsite would be

treated through mobile STP.

• Treated waste water would be used for dust

suppression, green belt, landscape, etc

Recyclables viz. paper, plastic, packaging waste etc.

Depending on usage • Proper segregation and storage of recyclable

waste in designated bins.

• Recyclables would be periodically sold to local

waste recyclers.

Non-combustible waste

containing metallic residues 1000-1200 kg/well

• To be analyzed for the trace/heavy metals

content before disposing suitably

Left over chemicals and

materials, scrap metal 250 - 500 kg/well

• Scrap metal and recoverable material to the

salvages before dispose of balance material

through the registered vendors

Cement, grit, blasting and

painting wastes 500 - 600 kg/well

• To be disposed of their registered vendors on

periodic basis.


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9.4 Soil Quality Management Plan Soil Quality Management Plan is applicable for construction of well sites, drilling operations, operation of early

production facilities and decommissioning/site closure that has the potential to adversely impact the soil quality.

Mitigation Measures

Project Phase Mitigation measures

Site Preparation • Site preparation and road strengthening/widening

activities would be restricted within defined

boundaries.

• Use appropriate machinery and/or protective

boarding during top soil stripping to ensure

minimum compaction.

• Debris and excavated material generated during

construction activities would be stockpiled in

designated areas onsite.

• Top soil would be stored properly.

• Drip trays would be used during

vehicular/equipment maintenance and during

refueling operations.

• In case of a spill, the spilled soil is would be

removed and stored in hazardous waste storage

area.

Drilling • Fuel and chemical storage areas would be paved

and properly bunded.

• Spill kits would be made available at all fuel and

chemical storage areas. All spills/leaks

contained, reported and cleaned up immediately.

• Drip pans/trays would be used in areas identified

having spillage potential but not limited to drill rig

engine; electric generator engine; pumps or other

motors; maintenance areas; fuel transfer areas.

• In case of a spill, the spilled soil is would be

removed and stored in hazardous waste storage

area

• Management of drill cuttings, waste drilling mud,

waste oil and domestic waste would be made in

accordance with “Waste Management Plan”

Decommissioning/Site Closure • Decommissioning at the end of project life/drilling

would have some adverse impacts in terms of

increase in soil erosion and would require

adequate mitigation measures to minimize any

adverse impacts. The mitigation measures would

be similar to those outlined for construction phase

activities as discussed earlier.

9.5 Spill / Release Management Plan

Potential spill / release scenarios

The following section details the potential spill scenarios associated with the drilling activities as well as the oil spill

incident responses. Spill incidents from drilling activities can be classified into three types based on the level of

response required. A description of the three types are as follows:


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Type 1

A small oil or chemical spill incident which can respond to and can be controlled with the existing resources,

equipment and resources at the site and without any further escalation. Most of the potential drill stage spill risks

are Type 1. As the spill / release incident as the volumes involved are limited due to the extent of hydrocarbons or

chemicals used or stored at site. Such possible incidents are likely to include:

• Diesel spills from refuelling i.e., drill rig ‐ hose leaks, overfilling or connection/disconnection incidents.

• The use of liquid chemicals i.e., during drilling the volumes are limited by the storage containers used,

drums etc.

• Hydraulic oil spill resulting from a split hydraulic hose or failed connector (moderate pressure, low volume

lines).

• Drilling fluid leaks from tanks, pumps or other associated equipment within the closed loop recirculation

system.

Type 2

Type 2 spill / release incidents are those that are beyond capability of the immediate resources on‐site to effectively

manage and contain, requiring additional external resources to assist with the response to the spill incident. Type

2 spill incidents may require initiate Emergency operations and would involve call out of the Fire Service (in the

event of danger to people) and/or regional resources. For such potential spill incidents, the resources of the local

administration or suppliers may be required. Such possible incidents are likely to include:

• Transportation incidents associated with the delivery of diesel or drilling fluids to site i.e., truck rollover or

collision from external suppliers (drilling fluids and diesel).

• Complete failure of an on‐site drilling fluid (base oil) storage tank(s).

Type 3

Type 3 spill / release incidents are significant spill incidents that escalate from a Type 1 or 2 and exceed the

capabilities of the on‐site and local administrative resources to respond, requiring a State /National response. An

uncontrollable well blow out scenario would fall into this category.

Spill / Release Response Strategies

Spill / release response strategies for combating spill / release incidents include:

• Prevent or reduce further spillage.

• Monitoring and evaluation (no active intervention but the spill is under observation).

• Mechanical containment and recovery.

• Any combination of the above strategies.

A brief explanation of these various response strategies is provided in the following sections.

Prevent or reduce a spill / release incident

One of the first response actions, if safe to do so, is the isolation or prevention of the source of the spill / release in

an attempt to limit any further discharge. Such first response actions can involve an emergency shutdown of the

particular equipment, isolation of a valve or line causing the spill or providing some immediate containment to

prevent the further spread of a spill / release. Such measures are only a first immediate response prior to a more

coordinate effort being planned and undertaken.

Monitoring and Evaluation

Knowing the position of spillage / release source and having the ability to forecast its movement or direction is an

essential component of spill response. Monitoring and evaluation is used to:

• Determine the location and movement of the spill / release (if any).

• Describe its appearance.

• Estimate the size and quantity of the spill / release

• Note changes in the appearance and distribution of the spill over time.


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• Assess the potential threat to the environment and the resources required to combat the spill / release

(more effective and coordinate response)

Mechanical Containment and Recovery

Mechanical containment and recovery is the restriction of a spill / release movement through the use of booms or

some other form of physical barriers and its subsequent removal using skimmers and other mechanical means.

These operations may be required for large spills or spills / release which may impact environmentally sensitive

areas. This response option would be used if the spill / release:

• Threatens environmental sensitive areas, or

• The spill is unlikely would be removed by natural processes.

The feasibility of a containment and recovery response is dependent upon having surface pollution that is capable

of being contained and recovered and having suitable conditions for equipment deployment. The spill containment

plan shall be addressed in line with the recommendation of QRA analysis as prescribed in chapter 7.

Waste Management

Spill response operations have the potential to generate liquid and solid wastes, if there are clean‐up operations.

The types and quantities of waste material largely depend on the amount of liquid material spilt and the specific

clean‐up methods employed. Disposal options for oily wastewater may include high temperature incineration,

bioremediation or disposal at secured landfill sites. Any disposal option selected would need to comply with the the

Hazardous and Other Wastes (Management and Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2016.

9.6 Noise quality Management Plan The noise control plan is applicable for construction of well sites, early production system, drilling operations and

decommissioning/site closure of well sites.

The noise control plan to ensure specific measures to minimize noise levels in the project site as 75 dB(A) per

CPCB noise rules. The plan also outlines roles and responsibilities of both Vedanta Limited (Division Cairn Oil &

Gas) and the contractors involved in the implementation of the plan.

Mitigation Measures


Constriction/ Site Preparation • Selection and use of low noise generating

equipment equipped with engineering controls

viz. mufflers, silencers etc.

• All vehicles utilized in transportation of raw

material and personnel would have valid Pollution

under Control (PUC) Certificate

• Periodic preventive maintenance of vehicles

• Periodic preventive maintenance of equipment

• Engines of vehicles and construction equipment

would be turned off when not in use for long

periods.

Drilling • Siting of drilling rig and facilities away from

sensitive receptors viz. schools, settlements etc.

with all reasonable screening being utilized

where necessary.

• Installing acoustic enclosures and muffler on

engine exhaust of DG sets to ensure compliance

with generator noise limits specified by CPCB.


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• Periodic monitoring of noise levels

Decommissioning/Site Closure • Management measures to address noise

impacts with respect to operation of heavy

equipment/machinery and movement of vehicles

during decommissioning/site closure phase are

similar to those discussed in the “Construction/

Site preparation Phase” of this section

9.7 Surface Water Quality Management The Surface Water Quality Management Plan is applicable during construction of well sites, early production

system, drilling operations, operation of early production facilities and decommissioning/site closure of well sites

that has the potential to adversely affect the surface water quality.

The Surface Water Quality Management Plan establishes specific measures and guidelines aimed at addressing

and mitigation of surface water quality impacts that may arise at different phases of the project.


Construction/Site Preparation • During site preparation, surface water run-off

would be managed through implementation of

proper drainage system.

• Regular inspection of surface water

drainage/diversion system and sediment controls

would be undertaken.

Drilling • Drip trays would be used during preventive

maintenance of rig installations, vehicles and

machinery.

• Hazardous chemicals and fuel container would be

stored in bunded and lined area equipped with

proper spill control equipment and secondary

containment.

Decommissioning/Site Closure • No significant impacts to surface water quality

can be associated with activities during

decommissioning/site closure phase. Any

possible impacts that may arise due to surface

run-off would be mitigated in manner similar to

that discussed during construction / site

preparation phase activities.

9.8 Ground Water Quality Management Plan Ground Water Quality Management Plan is applicable for construction of well sites and drilling operations, operation

of early production facilities and decommissioning/site closure of well sites that has the potential to adversely affect

the ground water quality.


Construction/ Site Preparation • No significant impact on the ground water quality

can be associated with the construction phase

activities


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Drilling • Proper casing and cementing of well would be

done.

• Periodic monitoring of ground water quality would

be carried out for surrounding wells located

outside the project boundary to assess the level

of ground water contamination, if any.

• Storage and disposal of drill cutting and waste

mud would be planned in accordance with “Solid

& Hazardous Waste Management Plan”

Decommissioning/Site Closure • No significant impacts to ground water quality can

be associated with activities during

decommissioning/site closure phase

9.9 Storm Water Management Plan The following mitigation measures would be adopted and implemented for storm water management by Vedanta

by Vedanta Limited (Division Cairn Oil & Gas) and its contractors in construction, operation and decommissioning

phase.

• Necessary measures would be undertaken during construction/ site preparation phase to prevent earth and

stone material from Blocking cross drainage structures.

• Periodic cleaning would be undertaken to cross drainage structures and road drainage system to maintain

uninterrupted storm water flow.

9.10 Road Safety & Traffic Management Plan Road Safety & Traffic Management Plan outlines specific measures adopted and implemented by Vedanta Limited

(Division: Cairn Oil & Gas) to mitigate any potential impact on community health and safety that may arise out of

movement of vehicles and transportation of drilling rig and other heavy equipment during construction, drilling and

decommissioning of well sites.

Mitigation Measures

• Proper signage would be displayed at important traffic junctions along the predefined access routes;

• Traffic flows would be scheduled wherever practicable during period of increased commuter movement;

• Adequate training on traffic and road safety operations would be imparted to the drivers of project vehicles.

9.11 Occupational Health & Safety Management

Plan The Occupation Health & Safety Management Plan (OHSMP) has been formulated to address the occupational

health and safety related impacts that may arise from proposed project activities viz. drilling and testing, operation

of construction machinery/equipment, storage and handling of fuel and chemicals, and decommissioning/site

closure.

Mitigation Measures

The following mitigation measure need to be adopted and implemented by Vedanta Limited (Division: Cairn Oil &

Gas) and its contractors in construction, drilling, and early production and decommissioning phase.

• All workers would be provided with proper PPEs viz. safety boots, masks, protected glass etc.

• Provision of ear plugs/ear muffs etc. and rotation of workers operating near high noise generating areas,

would be ensured.


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• Hazardous and risk prone areas, installations, materials, safety measures, emergency exits, etc. would be

appropriately marked in every conspicuous location.

• All chemicals and hazardous materials storage container would be properly labelled and marked according

to national and internationally recognized requirements and standards. Materials Safety Data Sheets

(MSDS) or equivalent data/information in an easily understood language must be readily available to

exposed workers and first-aid personnel.

• Workplace to be equipped with fire detectors, alarm systems and fire-fighting equipment as per the

requirement. Equipment shall be periodically inspected and maintained to keep in good working condition.

• Adequate sanitation facilities would be provided

• Garbage bins would be provided in the camp and regularly removed and the garbage disposed off in a

hygienic manner.

• Training programs would be organized for the operational workforce regarding proper usage of PPEs,

handling and storage of fuels and chemicals etc.

9.12 Flare & Illumination Management Plan The glare from the flare and illumination not only cause visual impacts but also causes ecological impacts.

Work Zone Illumination

Low height (less than 8 m), sodium vapour lamp that are most energy efficient can help to reduce the ecological

impacts. Further, illumination would be provided only in required locations and has placed UV filters on lamps.

Such UV filtered lights have been found to be less distractive to migrating birds.

9.13 Site Closure Plan The site closure plan would identify all the activities which would be performed during the restoration of a well site

in case the well is not economically viable, and no further use of that particular well bore is envisaged. Along with

the well site the approach road connecting the well would be restored accordingly.

The following activities would be considered in the closure plan:

• Plugging & Abandonment of well: Close the well head properly to prevent any further leakage

• Decommissioning Phase: Removal of the materials form the site

• Waste/mud pit closure and reclamation

• Reinstatement Phase: regeneration of the land

• Handover Phase : Returning the land to the original owner

Plugging & Abandonment of well

As and when the well would be declared as unsuccessful / to be suspended / non- productive, plugging of the well

would be performed to close and abandon the well to prevent any leakage of oil or gas.

Decommissioning

The decommissioning phase includes activities dismantling and removal of surface facilities from the well site and

storage in the Material Dumping Area. The activities which are envisaged during this phase are:

• Waste Management: clean up the site and remove all waste materials e.g. HDPE liners, any waste material

etc. The waste would be dumped in the designated area as per the guidelines of Rajasthan State pollution

control board.

• Road Restoration: The fill materials should be removed, and the site would be restored to previous conditions

or as per recommendation of administrative department of Tehsil.


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Waste and Mud Pit Closure and Reclamation

Following decommissioning and abandonment of the well site the waste and mud pits would be subject to closure

through onsite burial of solids in accordance with lease and obligations and with local, state and national

regulations. Reclamation of closed pits or any other temporary retaining pits, including reserve pits, would be

carried out within a period of one year from well closure/abandonment. All such reclamation activities would be

carried out based on the climatic conditions.

Reinstatement

The reinstatement phase includes all activities for preparation of the soil for plantation of trees at the concerned

site. The preparation of topsoil and fertility regeneration of topsoil would be same as referred earlier. Site restoration

shall be taken up matching to the surrounding land use pattern. Selection of plants for plantation would be

undertaken based on the species that were cut down at the time of site preparation activities.

Vedanta Limited ( Division CAIRN Oil & Gas) DRAFT EIA: Onshore Oil and Gas E&A in RJ-ONHP- 2017/1 Block, Barmer District, Rajasthan

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Table 9.1 Environmental Management Plan

S.No Activity Potential Impact Management / Mitigation Measures Responsibility

1. Land Procurement • Loss of Income

• Issues pertaining to compensation

• If the identified lands are of private landowners then land lease mode will be applied and in case of govt. land, land allotment from Govt. to be applied. Initially temporary and short-term lease will be taken for 3 - 5 years for exploration purpose and in case of commercially viable discovery of hydrocarbon resources, the land lease would be converted into long term lease up till life of the project. For sites selected are having any settlements, Resettlement & rehabilitation (R&R) plan will be developed and implemented as per the applicable State/ Central Govt. policy. Compensation to affected landowners for any loss of land will be ensured by Vedanta Limited. (Division Cairn Oil & Gas). Vedanta Limited (Division Cairn Oil & Gas) will ensure the livelihood of local community, if any affected by the proposed land take, are identified and compensated through adequate compensation and other livelihood restoration activities directly or indirectly through CSR activities.

• Vedanta Limited (Division:

Cairn Oil & Gas)

2. Site Clearance and

Grading

• Dust Generation

• Loss of top soil

• Increased runoff

• Loss of vegetation

• The final site selection to be done for site with minimum trees, and involving minimum cutting;

• Top soil would be properly stored for future use.

• Water sprinkling to be carried out while working in proximity of agricultural

fields or settlements/habitations.


Cairn Oil & Gas)

3. Construction of Drill

Site

• Handling of excess earth material;

• Noise generation

• Increase in traffic volumes

• Health & Safety risks

• Temporary storage sheds to be provided for construction material such as

cement;

• Excavated soil to be used during site preparation;

• All pits to be fenced during construction after each day’s work to prevent injury to wild animals due to accidental fall;

• Provision and usage of adequate PPEs to workers as applicable and

identified for the respective activity.


Cairn Oil & Gas)

• Civil Contractors

4. Constriction Camp of

Site

• Crane overturning/Collapse

• Falling Objects

• Health & Safety risks

• Surface conditions to be examined prior to movement of crane;

• Provision and usage of adequate PPEs to workers as applicable and

identified for the respective activity.


Cairn Oil & Gas)

• Civil Contractors

5. Transportation of

Drilling Components

and Rig

• Congestion of roads

• Road accidents

• Vehicular emissions

• Damage to road conditions

• Oil leaks

• Only trained drivers with knowledge of on defensive driving to be involved

in the movement of rigs.

• All movement of major equipment would be scheduled in the lee hours

keeping consideration of the traffic movement in the connecting major

arterial road.

• Contractor - HSE


Cairn Oil & Gas)


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• Local administration and village administration as applicable to be

informed during movement of rigs through village roads;.

6. Drilling and Well

Testing

• Additional stress on the local water

resources;

• Water will be sourced from locally approved sources the approved vendor

through tanker

• If not possible that it will be taken from ground water with prior approval

from CGWA


Cairn Oil & Gas)

• Potential for contamination due to

handling, storage and transportation

of wastes

• Two separate Drill cutting disposal pits to be provided for WBM and SBM

cuttings;

• Drill waste pits to be provided with HDPE lining on bottom and side

surfaces;

• Used hazardous chemical barrels, used oil and other hazardous waste to

be sent to RSPCB authorized recyclers;

• Vedanta Limited (Division: Cairn Oil & Gas) to also explore disposing drill

cuttings containing for co-processing as alternate fuel and or raw material

(AFR) in cement industry based on suitability and availability.


Cairn Oil & Gas)

• Drilling contractor- HSE

• Generation of noise • Rotary equipment on rig for drilling to be provided with silencers, rubber

claddings and noise isolators;

• Effective noise barriers to be set up at fence line when working at a distance of less than 300m from centre of the well site;

• Equipment upkeep and regular maintenance to minimise noise generation from all rotary equipment;

• PPE’s such as ear plugs, muffs to be provided to workers at site;

• Periodic maintenance of vehicles and machinery to be undertaken;

• DG sets to be provided with acoustic enclosures as per requirements

under CPCB guideline.

• Vedanta Limited (Cairn Oil &

Gas)


• Air emissions • All the emitting stacks including the flare pit shall be positioned orthogonal direction to the prevailing wind direction;

• Cold venting of gas not to be carried out.

• Adequate stack heights to be provide for generators, adhering to the EPA

standards for diesel generators;


Cairn Oil & Gas) Project


• Influx of migrant labour

• Conflict with local community

• Locals to be given preference over the migrant labourers based on skill

base;

• Migrant labour to be sensitized towards customs and traditions of the local

population;


Cairn Oil & Gas)



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• Occupational Health & Safety Risks • Blowout preventers to be provided;

• Flare pit to be placed at a safe distance from the well head and fuel

storage areas;

• Firefighting measures to be provided near all welding operations;


Cairn Oil & Gas)


7 Operation of

Campsites

• Stress on water resources;

• Potential contamination from

generation of biomedical waste

• Wastewater generation

• Waste generation

• Safe drinking water to be provided at campsites;

• All waste to be collected in bins located near each set of porta cabins. Segregation of waste at the source of generation to be put in practice.

• All hazardous waste to be collected and stored on secure and paved area, and subsequently sent to authorised recyclers

• Food waste to be stored in a closed container;

• STP to be provided for campsites.

• Waste generation to be separated and disposed of as per the regulatory

requirements.


Cairn Oil & Gas)

8 Operation of mud

(WBM/SBM) plant

and warehouses

• Waste generation

• Potential contamination due to mud preparation

• Dust due to stacking of the materials

• Emission due to the forklifts and crane usages

• Effective stacking of the materials to be followed to protect from the environmental situations such as wind, rain and sunlight

• If area not paved, then periodic sprinkling shall be carried out

• All diesel operated generators shall have acoustic enclosures and effective stack heights

• Waste shall be effectively segregated at the source of generation and disposed as per the waste management plan

• All the vehicles to be operated inside the mud plant and warehouse shall follow all the HSE requirements to protect environment and have safety operations such as load test, proper maintenance etc.

9 Decommissioning

and Abandonment

• Demolition of drill cutting pits;

• A site restoration approved plan shall be prepared with the detailed

checklist;

• All drill cuttings, spent mud, waste oil and other waste to be completely

removed from the site and sent to designated disposal place prior to

commencement of demolition work;

• All concrete or steel installations will be removed to at least 1 m below ground level, so as to ensure that there will be no protruding surface structures. The casing wellhead and the top joint of the casings will be cut below the ground level and capped with a cement plug.

• Prior to commencement of any demolition, a planned programme of site clearance will be formulated. All pits, cellars and holes will be removed and filled to ground level, any oil or otherwise contaminated soil will be removed and disposed to suitably


Cairn Oil & Gas)


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9.14 EMP BUDGET

Vedanta would comply with the 1st May 2018 OM of Government of India w.r.t. CER and the cost would be assessed

on actual project capex expenditure of that particular financial year. Approximate cost breakup is provided at the

table 9.2.

Table 9.2 Tentative Budget for EMP Implementation for Each Well

Sl. No.

Particulars of Work Budget (in lakh Rs.)

1 Air Quality Management Plan

a. Dust suppression through water sprinkling in the internal unpaved roads (@Rs. 10000 per month x 6 months)

0.6

b. Ambient Air Quality Monitoring -4 monitoring location x 2 weeks per location x 2 times during drilling (@ Rs.7500 x 16 samples)

1.2

c. Stack emission monitoring (@ 5000 per sample x 3 DG sets x twice during drilling) @5000 X 6 samples

0.3

2 Noise Monitoring

a. Ambient Noise Monitoring – 3 locations, 2 times during drilling (@Rs. 2500 X 6 samples)

0.15

b. Workplace noise monitoring -5 locations per well, twice during drilling (@Rs.2500 per location x 5 locations x 2 times)

0.25

3 Water Quality

a. Surface Water Quality Monitoring (@ Rs. 5000 x 3 samples from natural drainages once during drilling)

0.15

b. Ground Water Quality Monitoring (@ Rs. 5000 x 3 sites once during drilling) 0.15

4 Soil Quality Monitoring (@ Rs. 5000 x 3 samples x once during site construction and drilling)

0.3

5 Road Safety & Traffic Management

a. Signage in the transport route & its maintenance (Rs. 100,000 + Rs. 10,000 ) 1.1

b. Deployment of traffic personnel in sensitive area – 10 persons (@ Rs. 6000 per month x 6 months )

3.6

6 Municipal Solid Waste

a. Provision of collection bins at well site – 2 nos 0.2

b. Transport arrangement of waste from well sites to dumping area 0.25

7 Hazardous waste management

a. Construction of dedicated hazardous storage area and record maintenance (construction included under project cost; only maintenance included in this budget)

0.1

b. Drill Cutting, waste mud and wash water pits; HDPE lined (budgetary provision in operation cost of drilling)

0

8 Surface and Ground Water Protection and Management

a. Surface runoff control measures for chemical storage area, fuel storage area (budgetary provision is already taken care in earlier section)

0

b. Paved /impervious storage area for chemical storage area, fuel & lubricant storage area (Budgetary provision is already included in the infrastructure development cost)

0


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c. Domestic waste water treatment facility through septic tank & soak pits at the drill sites (budgetary provision in operation cost of drilling)

0

9 Occupational Health & Safety Management

a. Provision of appropriate PPE to all workers and its maintenance (budgetary provision is included in operational cost of drilling)

0

b. Provision of drinking water, sanitation facility for all workers (budgetary provision is included in operational cost of drilling)

0

c Provision First aid facility (budgetary provision is included in operational cost of drilling)

0

d Provision of Ambulance facility 0

e Regular occupational health & safety training 0.5

Total COST OF IMPLEMENTATION OF EMP 8.85

9.15 Corporate Environment Responsibility The company would comply with the 1st May 2018 OM w.r.t. CER and the cost would be assessed on actual project

capex expenditure of that particular financial year


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10. Conclusion and Recommendation RJ-ONHP-2017/1 Block is located in Barmer district in the state of Rajasthan and covers a total area of 542Sq.

Km. The Vedanta Limited (Division Cairn Oil & Gas) intends to carry out further Exploration and Appraisal Drilling

activities in the Block, wherein 29 new drilling (exploratory and appraisal) wells are proposed would be drilled over

5 years. In case of successful discovery of crude oil, setting up of Early Production Units (EPUs)/ Quick Production

Units (QPUs) for produced well fluid processing and production of up to 12000 BOPD crude oil and 1.8 MMSCFD

of associated gas for captive power generation.

ToR has been approved dated 13th April, 2019 and MoEF&CC vide File No No.IA-J 11011/80/2019-IA-II(I). The

baseline monitoring and all primary data collection was conducted for the summer season (From March to May),

of 2019, as per the requirements of the ToR. This is the Draft EIA report has been prepared for conducting the

public hearing.

The draft EIA report has assessed the overall significance of environmental impacts likely to arise from Drilling of

proposed exploratory and appraisal wells. The overall impacts from the individual drilling sites is have been

assessed to be of moderate to minor in nature when appropriate mitigation measures are would be implemented

with proper planning and design.

To adequately address the impacts, mitigation measures and management plans suggested are as per the best

practices followed in the Oil & Gas exploration. These plans include environmental management plan, monitoring

plan, labour management plan, traffic management plan. Vedanta Limited (Cairn Oil & Gas) shall put in place a

robust mechanism with adequate resources to implement the suggested mitigation measures and management

plans. The measures division help to prevent any deterioration of quality of air, soil, groundwater and surface water

beyond the prevailing status. Adequate safety measures would be adopted along with suitable emergency

response and disaster management plan to safeguard against all man-made and natural disasters. Environmental

monitoring of ambient air quality, noise levels, surface & groundwater etc. would be carried out at regular intervals

to monitor and prevent any deterioration of baseline environmental quality due to the proposed project.

Compliance to all legal requirements and adherence to the suggested mitigation measures and plans would also

enable Vedanta Limited (Cairn Oil & Gas) in minimizing its impact on environmental and social parameter. This

Report in the final form is being submitted to MoEF&CC for obtaining Environmental Clearance (EC) of the

proposed project before commencement of site activity.


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11. Disclosure of Consultants AECOM has been accredited as EIA consultant for various sectors including Offshore and Onshore Oil and Gas

Exploration and Development Projects from the National Accreditation Board for Education and Training (NABET)

of Quality Council of India (QCI) under the Accreditation Scheme for EIA Consultant Organisations as per

MoEF&CC requirements.

The following approved consultants and experts were engaged for preparation of the EIA report for the proposed

study.

Table 11.1 EIA Team

S. No. EIA Coordinator/ Functional

Area

Professionals

Environment

Coordinator/FAE

FAA and Team

Members

Signature

1 EIA Coordinator –Onshore Oil

and Gas Exploration and

Development Projects

Shubhangi Jadav

Core Functional Areas

2 Water Pollution Monitoring,

Prevention & Control (WP)

Avijit Sarkar Shweta Chahar

Swagata

Mukherjee

3 Ecology & Biodiversity (EB) Deepti Parth Bapat

4 Socio- Economic Aspects (SE) Anil Ota

Significant functional areas

5 Solid and Hazardous Waste

Management (SHW)

Avijit Sarkar Moudipta Banerjee

6 Meteorology, Air Quality

Modelling & prediction (AQ)

Avijit Sarkar Swagata

Mukherjee

7 Risk and Hazards Management

(RH)

Atul Kumar Debsagar Das

8 Air Pollution Monitoring,

Prevention & Control (AP)

Avijit Sarkar Swagata

Mukherjee

Shivnath Chalka


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S. No. EIA Coordinator/ Functional

Area

Professionals

Environment

Coordinator/FAE

FAA and Team

Members

Signature

9 Hydrology, Ground Water &

Water Conservation (HG)

Shiv Pratap Unya

10 Noise &Vibration (NV) Atul Kumar Swagata

Mukherjee

11 Land Use (LU) Laxmi Reddy Moumita Dey

12 Soil Conservation (SC) Chetan Zaveri Moumita Dey

.


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Figure 75. QCI-NABET Certificate

APPENDIX

List of Appendix

Appendix 1-1 ToR Letter

Appendix 2-1 Revenue sharing contract

Appendix 2-2 Process flow diagram

Appendix 2-3 Well Wise Environmental Settings

Appendix 2-4 Environment Settings of Well (1km buffer map for each well)

Appendix 2-5 The list of chemicals to be used during drilling

Appendix 3-1 Micro-Meteorological Data

Appendix 3-2 Ambient Air quality Monitoring Results

Appendix 3-3 Ambient Noise Monitoring Results

Appendix 3-4 Ground Water Quality Monitoring Results

Appendix 3-5 Soil Monitoring Results

Appendix 3-6 Traffic Survey Results

Appendix 3-7 Mammals of the Study Area

Appendix 3-8 Resident Birds of the Study Area

Appendix 3-9 Migratory Birds of the Study Area

Appendix 3-10 Reptiles of the Study Area

Appendix 3-11 Amphibians of the Study Area

Appendix 3-12 Fishes of the Study Area

Appendix 3-13 Demographic profile of the study area

Appendix 3-14 Consultation of the socio Economic

Appendix 7-1 information on leak sizes, inventories and hazardous chemicals within the

isolatable sections.

Appendix 1.1:

ToR Letter

No.IA-J-11011/80/2019-IA-II(I)

Goverment of India

Minister of Enviroment,Forest and Climate Change

Impact Assessment Division

***

Indira Paryavaran Bhavan,

Vayu Wing,3rd Floor,Aliganj,

Jor Bagh Road,New Delhi-110003

13 Apr 2019

To,

M/s Cairn India Limited

Cairn Oil & Gas, Vedanta Limited, DLF Atria, DLF Phase-2, DLF City, Gurgaon, Haryana -

122002Gurgaon,

Gurgaon-122002

Haryana

Tel.No.124-4594176; Email:[email protected]

Sir/Madam,

This has reference to the proposal submitted in the Ministry of Environment, Forest

and Climate Change to prescribe the Terms of Reference (TOR) for undertaking detailed EIA

study for the purpose of obtaining Environmental Clearance in accordance with the provisions of

the EIA Notification, 2006. For this purpose, the proponent had submitted online information in the

prescribed format (Form-1 ) along with a Pre-feasibility Report. The details of the proposal are

given below:

1. Proposal No.: IA/RJ/IND2/98724/2019

2. Name of the Proposal:

Onshore Oil and Gas Exploration and Appraisal

in RJ-ONHP-2017/1 Block, Barmer District,

Rajasthan

3. Category of the Proposal: Industrial Projects - 2

4. Project/Activity applied for: 1(b) Offshore and onshore oil and gas

exploration, development & production

5. Date of submission for TOR: 11 Mar 2019

In this regard, under the provisions of the EIA Notification 2006 as amended, the Standard TOR

for the purpose of preparing environment impact assessment report and environment

management plan for obtaining prior environment clearance is prescribed with public consultation

as follows:

STANDARD TERMS OF REFERENCE (TOR) FOR EIA/EMP REPORT FOR PROJECTS/ACTIVITIES REQUIRING ENVIRONMENT CLEARANCE

1(b):STANDARD TERMS OF REFERENCE FOR CONDUCTING

ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY FOR OFFSHORE AND ONSHORE OIL AND GAS EXPLORATION, DEVELOPMENT AND PRODUCTION PROJECTS AND INFORMATION TO BE INCLUDED IN EIA/EMP REPORT

B . STANDARD TOR FOR ONSHORE OIL AND GAS EXPLORATION, DEVELOPMENT

& PRODUCTION

1. Executive summary of a project.

2. Project description, project objectives and project benefits.

3. Cost of project and period of completion.

4. Site details within 1 km of the each proposed well, any habitation, any other installation/activity, flora and fauna, approachability to site, other activities including agriculture/land, satellite imagery for 10 km area. All the geological details shall be mentioned in the Topo sheet of 1:40000 scale, superimposing the well locations and other structures of the projects. Topography of the project site.

5. Details of sensitive areas such as National Park, Wildlife sanctuary and any other eco-sensitive area alongwith map indicating distance.

6. Approval for the forest land from the State/Central Govt. under Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980, if applicable.

7. Recommendation of SCZMA/CRZ clearance as per CRZ Notification dated 6th January, 2011 ( if applicable).

8. Distance from nearby critically/severely polluted area as per Notification, if applicable. Status of moratorium imposed on the area.

9. Does proposal involve rehabilitation and resettlement? If yes, details thereof.

10. Environmental considerations in the selection of the drilling locations for which environmental clearance is being sought. Present any analysis suggested for minimizing the foot print giving details of drilling and development options considered.

11. Baseline data collection for air, water and soil for one season leaving the monsoon season in an area of 10 km radius with centre of Oil Field as its centre covering the area of all proposed drilling wells.

12. Climatology and Meteorology including wind speed, wind direction, temperature rainfall relative humidity etc.

13. Details of Ambient Air Quality monitoring at 8 locations for PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NOx, CO, VOCs, Methane and non-methane HC.

14. Soil sample analysis (physical and chemical properties) at the areas located at 5 locations.

15. Ground and surface water quality in the vicinity of the proposed wells site.

1

STANDARD TERMS OF REFERENCE (TOR) FOR EIA/EMP REPORT FOR PROJECTS/ ACTIVITIES REQUIRING ENVIRONMENT CLEARANCE

16. Measurement of Noise levels within 1 km radius of the proposed wells.

17. Vegetation and land use; flora/fauna in the block area with details of endangered species, if any.

18. Incremental GLC as a result of DG set operation, flaring etc.

19. Potential environmental impact envisaged during various stages of project activities such as site activation, development, operation/ maintenance and decommissioning.

20. Actual source of water and 'Permission' for the drawl of water from the Competent Authority. Detailed water balance, wastewater generation and discharge.

21. Noise abatement measures and measures to minimize disturbance due to light and visual intrusions.

22. Details on wastewater generation, treatment and utilization /discharge for produced water/ formation water, cooling waters, other wastewaters, etc. duringallprojectphases.

23. Details on solid waste management for drill cuttings, drilling mud and oil sludge, produced sand, radio activematerials, other hazardous materials, etc. including its disposal options during all project phases.

24. Disposal of spent oil and lube.

25. Storage of chemicals and diesel at site. Hazardous material usage, storage and accounting.

26. Commitment for the use of water based mud (WBM) only

27. Oil spill emergency plans for recovery/ reclamation.

28. H2S emissions control.

29. Produced oil/gas handling, processing and storage/transportation.

30. Details of control of air, water and noise pollution during production phase.

31. Measures to protect ground water and shallow aquifers from contamination.

32. Whether any burn pits being utilised for well test operations.

33. Risk assessment and disaster management plan for independent reviews of well designed construction etc. for prevention of blow out. Blowout preventer installation.

34. Environmental management plan.

35. Total capital and recurring cost for environmental control measures.

36. Emergency preparedness plan.

37. Decommissioning and restoration plans.

38. Documentary proof of membership of common disposal facilities, if any.

39. Details of environmental and safety related documentation within the company including documentation and proposed occupational health and safety Surveillance Safety Programme for all personnel at site. This shall also include monitoring programme for the environmental.

40. A copy of Corporate Environment Policy of the company as per the Ministry's O.M. No. J-11013/ 41/2006-IA.II(I) dated 26th April, 2011 available on the Ministry's website.

41. Any litigation pending against the project and or any direction/order passed by any court of law against the project. If so details thereof.

***

2

Appendix 2.1:

Revenue Sharing

Contract

Appendix 2.2:

Process Flow

Diagram

© 2017 Vedanta Limited 1

Quick Production Unit/ Early Production Unit (2000 BLPD)

Heater-Treater

Separator (3 Phase)

Electrostatic

Coalescer

Separator (if

needed)

Produced Water

Treatment Skid

Typical well (with SRP)

hook-up

Oil Storage

Tanks

(1000 bbls x 2)

Fuel Gas

System

GEG

Water Storage

Tanks

(1000 bbls x 1)

Oil Tanker

Loading Facility

For Disposal

Associated Utility Systems

Flare

System

Inst. Air

Package

Fuel to

• Heater-treater

• GEG

• Flare System

Closed

Drain

Fire Fighting

Equipment

Sub-station & control

room Container

DG

Oil Loading Pumps

Pumps

Diesel Storage

& Transfer

Pump

Flare PitWaste

Pits

Security Guard House

& Operator Bunk

STP/ Soak Pit

& Septic tank

Chemical Dosing Packages (Demulsifier, de-oiler, scale inhibitor

etc.)

QPU for:• Total Liquid rate: 2000 BLPD with Water

cut: 0 – 50% (vol), Gas System: ~5

mmscfd

• PW Treatment System: 1000 BWPD

Water

storage

Pits

Appendix 2.3:

Well Wise

Environmental

Settings

Appendix :2.3- Well Wise Environmental Settings

Sl.

No

Well

Name

Geographical

Coordinates

Admiration Setting Existing

Land cover

of wells

Accessibility

(in approx.)

Environmental

Setting of Wells

Ecological Sensitivity Settlement/

School

/Hospital within

2.5km

Existing

Industries

Remarks

Village

Block

District

Terrain

Type

Stream/

River

Forest WLS/ESZ

1 1 25°11'1.27"N,

71°31'9.30"E

Bhimthal Gudha

Malani

Barmer Agricultural

land

Village Road

connecting

Pharrodo Ki

Dhani and

Der, which is

approx. 0.65

km to the

west of the

proposed

well location

Flat

type

NA NA NA 1. Nearest

settlement in

the Bhimthal

Village is

located at

800m from the

proposed well

location in the

North-West

direction.

2.

Establishment

resembling

school building

is located at

1.2km, to the

South-West of

the proposed

well location.

1. 14 tankas

are located

within a

radius of

500m of the

proposed

well

location,

with the

nearest

tanka being

located at

80m to the

North.

2. Seasonal

pond is

located at

2.38km

(North) from

the

proposed

well

location.

3. Water

retention

bodies are

located at

2.47km

(North-

West),

0.83km

(South-

West),

2.39km

(South-

East;

outside the

block area

The nearest

sand dune

stretches from

North-West to

South-West,

within the

radius of 2.5km

from the

proposed well

location, at

1.76km (North-

West) to

2.12km (South-

West). The

sand dunes

stretching from

North-East to

South-East

direction varies

from 80km

(North-East) to

1.47km (South-

East) of the

proposed

location.

Sl.

No

Well

Name

Geographical

Coordinates


Land cover

of wells

Accessibility

(in approx.)

Environmental

Setting of Wells


School

/Hospital within

2.5km

Existing

Industries

Remarks

Village

Block

District

Terrain

Type

Stream/

River

Forest WLS/ESZ

but within

2.5km of the

proposed

location),

1.39km

(South-

West),

1.96km

(South-

West),

2.40km

(South-

West),

0.89km

(South-

West) and

0.92km

(South-

West) from

the

proposed

well

location.

4. Irrigation

canal

structure,

located at

910m to the

South-West,

runs for

2.05km

from the

periphery,

of the 2.5km

radius of the

proposed

well

location.

5.

Abandoned

Sl.

No

Well

Name

Geographical

Coordinates


Land cover

of wells

Accessibility

(in approx.)

Environmental

Setting of Wells


School

/Hospital within

2.5km

Existing

Industries

Remarks

Village

Block

District

Terrain

Type

Stream/

River

Forest WLS/ESZ

limestone

quarry is

located at

2.38km to

the North of

the

proposed

well

location.

2 2 25°11'3.71"N,

71°33'32.30"E

Pabubera Gudha

Malani

Barmer Agricultural

Land

Village Road

connecting

Pabubera

and

Sanawara

Kalan, which

is approx.

0.36 km to

the south of

the proposed

well location

Flat

type

NA The Forest

area of

Bheemthal

(63

hectares) is

at 0.42 km

to the West

of the

proposed

well

NA 1. Nearest

settlements in

the Pabubera

Village are

located at

600m from the

proposed well

location in the

North-West

and South-

West

directions.

2.

Establishment

resembling

school building

is located at

1.04km, to the

South-West of

the proposed

well location.

1. 18 tankas

are located

within a

radius of

500m of the

proposed

well

location,

with the

nearest

tanka being

located at

140m to the

North-West.

2. Surface

water body

(within a

catchment

area) is

located at

1.19km

(South-

West) from

the

proposed

well

location.

3. Water

retention

structures

The nearest

sand dune

stretches from

the North-West

to South-West,

2.07km (North-

West) to

1.55km (South-

West).

Sl.

No

Well

Name

Geographical

Coordinates


Land cover

of wells

Accessibility

(in approx.)

Environmental

Setting of Wells


School

/Hospital within

2.5km

Existing

Industries

Remarks

Village

Block

District

Terrain

Type

Stream/

River

Forest WLS/ESZ

are located

at 1.88km

(South),

1.14km

(North-

East),

1.33km

(South-

East), 0.82

(East),

1.14km

(North-

East), 1.84

(North-

East), 2km

(North-East)

and 1.77

(North-East)

from the

proposed

well

location.

4. An

irrigation

canal

structure

runs from

the North-

East to

South of the

area

considered,

within

2.5km

radius from

the

proposed

well

location.

Sl.

No

Well

Name

Geographical

Coordinates


Land cover

of wells

Accessibility

(in approx.)

Environmental

Setting of Wells


School

/Hospital within

2.5km

Existing

Industries

Remarks

Village

Block

District

Terrain

Type

Stream/

River

Forest WLS/ESZ

5.

Limestone

quarry is

located at

1.11km to

the South-

West of the

proposed

well

location.

3 3 25°11'6.12"N,

71°35'55.31"E

Bhambhuon

Ka Bas

Gudha

Malani

Barmer Agricultural

Land

Ranjit Singh

Road

connecting

Heraj Ka Gol

and Pujan

Beri, is

approx. 1.33

km to the

east of the

proposed

well location

Flat

Type

NA NA NA 1.Nearest

settlements in

the

Bhambhuon Ka

Bas Village are

located at

430m from the

proposed well

location in the

North-West

and East

directions.

2. An

establishment

resembling

school building

is located at

1.4km to the

East of the

proposed well

location.

1. The

nearest

tanks is

located at

220m from

the

proposed

well

location, to

the North-

East.

2. Irrigation

facility

structure is

located at

2.4km to the

East of the

proposed

well

location.

The sand dune

stretches on

the North-West

to the South-

West, within

the radius of

2.5km from the

proposed well

location.

4 4 25°11'8.49"N,

71°38'18.32"E

Chak

Gudha

Gudha

Malani

Barmer Agricultural

land

Village Road

connecting

Chak Gudha

to NH 28 is

approx. 430

m to the

north of the

Flat

Type

NA NA NA 1.Nearest

settlement in

the Chak

Gudha Village

is located at

220 m from the

proposed well

location in the

2. The

nearest

tanka is

located at

260m to the

South-West

of the

proposed

Sl.

No

Well

Name

Geographical

Coordinates


Land cover

of wells

Accessibility

(in approx.)

Environmental

Setting of Wells


School

/Hospital within

2.5km

Existing

Industries

Remarks

Village

Block

District

Terrain

Type

Stream/

River

Forest WLS/ESZ

proposed

well location

South-East

direction.

2. An

establishment

resembling the

school building/

govt institution

is located at

2.04km to the

North-West of

the proposed

well location.

well

location.

2. Three

Irrigation

canal

facilities

runs

through the

area

enclosed

within

2.5km

radius from

the

proposed

well

location.

The first

facility run

from the

West to the

South-East,

the second

facility from

North-West

to South-

West and

the third

facility along

the North-

East

direction (all

direction is

from the

proposed

well

location).

3. 15 Water

retention

structures

Sl.

No

Well

Name

Geographical

Coordinates


Land cover

of wells

Accessibility

(in approx.)

Environmental

Setting of Wells


School

/Hospital within

2.5km

Existing

Industries

Remarks

Village

Block

District

Terrain

Type

Stream/

River

Forest WLS/ESZ

are located

within a

radius of

2.5km from

the

proposed

well

location,

mostly

confined

long the

irrigation

canal

system. The

nearest

being at

630m to the

North of the

proposed

location.

5 5 25°11'10.82"N,

71°40'41.33"E

Chak

Gudha

Gudha

Malani

Barmer Agricultural

land

Metal Road

connecting

Chak Gudha

to NH 28 is

approx. 480

m to the

North-East of

the proposed

well location.

Flat

Type

NA The Forest

area of

Gudamalani

Tibba (156

ha) and

Gudamalani

Pasture

(Partially

within the

2.5km from

the well

location) are

situated at

1.18km

(East) and

2.15km

(North-East)

respectively

from the

NA 1.Nearest

settlement in

the Chak

Gudha Village,

from the

proposed well

location is at 80

m on the

South-East

direction.,

Alapura School

is located at

2.11km on the

South-East

direction.

2.

Establishments

resembling the

school building/

govt institutions

1.Solar

Power Plant

is located at

1.53km to

the North-

Western

side of the

proposed

well

location.

2. The

nearest

tanka is

located at

130m to the

West of the

proposed

well

location.

Sl.

No

Well

Name

Geographical

Coordinates


Land cover

of wells

Accessibility

(in approx.)

Environmental

Setting of Wells


School

/Hospital within

2.5km

Existing

Industries

Remarks

Village

Block

District

Terrain

Type

Stream/

River

Forest WLS/ESZ

proposed

well location

are located at

2.41km (East)

and 1.97km

(South-East)

from the well

location.

3. Three

Irrigation

canal

facilities

runs

through the

area

enclosed

within

2.5km

radius from

the

proposed

well

location.

First canal

facilities run

along the

South-

Western

periphery of

the 2.5km

zone

considered,

the second

canal runs

from North-

West to

South-West

and joins

the first

canal. The

third canal

runs

through the

North-East

to the

Southern

part (all

direction is

from the

Sl.

No

Well

Name

Geographical

Coordinates


Land cover

of wells

Accessibility

(in approx.)

Environmental

Setting of Wells


School

/Hospital within

2.5km

Existing

Industries

Remarks

Village

Block

District

Terrain

Type

Stream/

River

Forest WLS/ESZ

proposed

well

location).

4. 12 Water

retention

structures

are present

within the

2.5km

enclosed

zone. In-

between

North-East

and South-

East portion

structures

are located

at 0.53km,

0.73km,

1.57km,

1.58km,

1.91km and

1.93km

from the

proposed

location.

The

structures in

the North-

West

direction are

located at

0.76km,

1.47km,

1.96km and

to the

South-West

direction, at

2.07km,

2.04km,

2.22km and

Sl.

No

Well

Name

Geographical

Coordinates


Land cover

of wells

Accessibility

(in approx.)

Environmental

Setting of Wells


School

/Hospital within

2.5km

Existing

Industries

Remarks

Village

Block

District

Terrain

Type

Stream/

River

Forest WLS/ESZ

0.56km

from the

proposed

well

location.

6 6 25°13'11.38"N,

71°31'6.59"E

Seelgan Gudha

Malani

Barmer Agriculture

land

Non-metal

road

connecting

Der to

Dhanau-

Dhoriman-

Gudamalani

BRO Road

towards

Loharwa, is

located at

760 m from

the proposed

well. Nearest

Village Road

(Metal)

connecting

Der and

Seelgan is

located at

1.53km from

the proposed

well location

Flat

Type

NA Bhaalikhal

Forest

spreads

over 30

hectares

and is

located at

1.23 km

from the

proposed

well location

on the

North-

Western

side.

NA 1. Nearest

settlements in

the Seelgan

Village is

located at

380m from the

proposed well

location in the

South-West

direction.

2. An

establishment

resembling a

school building/

govt institution

is located at

1.45km to the

North-East

direction.

1. Nearest

tanka is

located at

320m to the

West, of the

proposed

well

location.

2. Surface

water

bodies

located at

1.18km,

1.28km and

1.49km, to

the North-

East;

2.35km to

the West;

1.41km to

the South of

the

proposed

well

location.

3.

Limestone

quarry

present at

1.41km to

the South

and,

1.43km,

1.12km,

Sand dune

stretches are

present at

0.94km

(North),

0.38km (North-

East), 0.92km

(East), 0.86km

(South-West),

1.84km

(South),

2.22km (South-

West), 0.99km

(West) and

1.38km (North-

West) from the

proposed well

location.

Sl.

No

Well

Name

Geographical

Coordinates


Land cover

of wells

Accessibility

(in approx.)

Environmental

Setting of Wells


School

/Hospital within

2.5km

Existing

Industries

Remarks

Village

Block

District

Terrain

Type

Stream/

River

Forest WLS/ESZ

1.04km to

the North-

East of the

proposed

well

location.

7 7 25°13'13.83"N,

71°33'29.64"E

Jakhron Ki

Dhani

Gudha

Malani

Barmer Agriculture

land

The Village

Road

crossing

Sanawara

Kalan and

connecting

Jakhron Ki

Dhani to

Joona

Khera, is

located at 1

km to the

East of the

proposed

well location.

Flat

Type

NA NA NA 1. The nearest

settlement is

located at

160m on the

South-West

side of the

proposed well

location.

1. Small

Scale

Industry

(Limestone

quarry) is

located at

1.52km on

the South-

West side of

the

proposed

well

location.

2. 12 tankas

are located

within a

radius of

2.5k of the

proposed

well

location, the

nearest

being at

170m to the

South.

3. Surface

water body

is located at

1.61km

(South-

west) and

The nearest

sand dune

stretch is

located at

0.11km

(North),

0.03km (South)

and 0.99km

(West) from

the proposed

well location.

Sl.

No

Well

Name

Geographical

Coordinates


Land cover

of wells

Accessibility

(in approx.)

Environmental

Setting of Wells


School

/Hospital within

2.5km

Existing

Industries

Remarks

Village

Block

District

Terrain

Type

Stream/

River

Forest WLS/ESZ

2.38km

(South-

East) from

the

proposed

well

location.

4. Water

retaining

structures

are located

at 2.44km

(East) ,

2.46km

(East) ,

2.09km (

North-East)

and 2.02km

(North) from

the

proposed

well

location.

5. Irrigation

canal facility

runs for

1.96km,

near the

North-

Eastern

periphery of

the 2.5km

buffer zone

considered

from the

proposed

well

location.

Sl.

No

Well

Name

Geographical

Coordinates


Land cover

of wells

Accessibility

(in approx.)

Environmental

Setting of Wells


School

/Hospital within

2.5km

Existing

Industries

Remarks

Village

Block

District

Terrain

Type

Stream/

River

Forest WLS/ESZ

8 8 25°13'16.24"N,

71°35'52.69"E

Lalaniyon Ki

Dhani

Gudha

Malani

Barmer Agricultural

land

Village Road

connecting

Sanawara

Kalan and

Lalaniyon Ki

Dhani is

located at

1.4km to the

South of the

proposed

well location

Flat

Type

NA NA NA The nearest

settlement is at

160m to the

North-West of

the proposed

well location.

1. The

proposed

well is

located on

open scrub

area.

2. Nearest

tanka is

located at

300m to the

North-West

of the

proposed

well

location.

3. Irrigation

canal facility

runs for

3.28km

along the

South-West

periphery of

the

considered

2.5km

radius, from

the

proposed

well

location.

4. 5 Water

retention

structures

are located

along the

canal.

5.

Limestone

Sl.

No

Well

Name

Geographical

Coordinates


Land cover

of wells

Accessibility

(in approx.)

Environmental

Setting of Wells


School

/Hospital within

2.5km

Existing

Industries

Remarks

Village

Block

District

Terrain

Type

Stream/

River

Forest WLS/ESZ

quarry is

present at

1.88km to

the South-

West of the

proposed

well

location.

9 9 25°13'18.61"N,

71°38'15.74"E

Barasan Gudha

Malani

Barmer Agricultural

land

Ranjit Singh

Road at

Barsan

(Metal Road)

is located at

60m to the

West of the

proposed

well location

Flat

Type


settlement is at

60m to the

West of the

proposed well

location.

2.

Establishments

resembling a

school building/

govt institution

are located at

1.72km and

2.13km to the

North-East of

the proposed

well location.

1. 7 tankas

are located

within a

radius of

500m from

the

proposed

well

location,

nearest

being at

90m to the

North-West

of the

proposed

well

location.

2. Irrigation

canal facility

runs

through the

diameter of

the

considered

zone of

radius

2.5km. The

main canal

distributes

into

branches,

majorly in

Sl.

No

Well

Name

Geographical

Coordinates


Land cover

of wells

Accessibility

(in approx.)

Environmental

Setting of Wells


School

/Hospital within

2.5km

Existing

Industries

Remarks

Village

Block

District

Terrain

Type

Stream/

River

Forest WLS/ESZ

the Eastern

direction of

the

proposed

well

location.

The nearest

branch is

located at

210m to the

East.

3. 10

surface

retention

structures

are situated

within the

considered

2.5km

radius zone,

from the

proposed

well

location.

The nearest

being at

270m to the

East.

10 10 25°13'20.94"N,

71°40'38.80"E

Jeewaniyon

Ki Dhani

Gudha

Malani

Barmer Agricultural

land

Dhanau

Dhorimana

Gudamalani

BRO Road is

located at

30m to the

South of the

Flat

Type

NA Gudamalani

Pasture is

located at

1.1km to the

South-East

of the

NA 1. Nearest

settlement in

the Jeewaniyon

Ki Dhani is at

160m to the

North-West of

1. Irrigation

canal facility

is running

from the

East to the

West for

5.2km. The

nearest

Sl.

No

Well

Name

Geographical

Coordinates


Land cover

of wells

Accessibility

(in approx.)

Environmental

Setting of Wells


School

/Hospital within

2.5km

Existing

Industries

Remarks

Village

Block

District

Terrain

Type

Stream/

River

Forest WLS/ESZ

proposed

block

proposed

well location

the proposed

well location.

2.

Establishments

resembling a

school building/

govt institution

are located at

0.38km (North-

East), 1.14km

(North) and

2.26km (North-

West) from the

proposed well

location.

portion of

the canal is

at 0.6km to

the South of

the

proposed

well

location. A

branch of

the canal

runs

Northwards

for 4.55km

of the

proposed

site.

2. 11 water

retention

structures

are located

within the

considered

2.5km

radius zone,

from the

proposed

well

location,

along the

irrigation

canal

system. The

nearest

being at

420m to the

North-East.

12th no.

such

structure is

located at

1.83km to

Sl.

No

Well

Name

Geographical

Coordinates


Land cover

of wells

Accessibility

(in approx.)

Environmental

Setting of Wells


School

/Hospital within

2.5km

Existing

Industries

Remarks

Village

Block

District

Terrain

Type

Stream/

River

Forest WLS/ESZ

the North-

West of the

proposed

site.

3. The

nearest

tanka is

located at

190m to the

South-west

of the

proposed

well

location. 10

tankas are

located

within the

considered

.5km radius

zone, from

the

proposed

well

location.

11 11 25°15'21.50"N,

71°31'3.87"E

Lookhon Ka

Nada

Gudha

Malani

Barmer Agricultural

Land

Metal Road

connecting

Dhanau

Dhorimana

Gudamalani

BRO Road

to Bhilon Ki

Dhani Kalan,

is at 320m to

the North of

the proposed

well location

Flat

Type

NA Bhaalikhal

Forest is

located at

1.64km,

South-West

of the

proposed

well location

NA 1. The nearest

settlements are

located 100m

and 90m to the

North-West of

the proposed

well location

2.

Establishments

resembling a

school building/

govt institution

are located at

740m (South-

West) and

1. 17 tankas

are located

within a

radius of

500m from

the

proposed

well

location,

nearest

being at

90m to the

North-East

of the

proposed

The nearest

stretch of sand

dune is located

at 1.02km

(North-East)

and 1.34km

(South) from

the proposed

well location.

Sl.

No

Well

Name

Geographical

Coordinates


Land cover

of wells

Accessibility

(in approx.)

Environmental

Setting of Wells


School

/Hospital within

2.5km

Existing

Industries

Remarks

Village

Block

District

Terrain

Type

Stream/

River

Forest WLS/ESZ

1.25km (North-

East) from the

proposed well

location.

well

location.

1. 2. Surface water body with bunds are present at 1.44km and 0.85km towards South-West and North-East from the proposed well location.

3. Limestone quarry at 760m from the North-east of the proposed well location.

12 12 25°15'23.95"N,

71°33'26.97"E

Tajaniyon Ki

Dhani

Gudha

Malani

Barmer Agricultural

Land

Metal Road

connecting

Dhanau-

Dhoriman-

Gudamalani

BRO Rd to

Tajaniyon Ki

Dhani

located at

1.28km to

the West of

Flat

Type


settlement is

located at 20m

to the East of

the proposed

well location.

1. 16 nos.

Tankas are

located

within a

radius of

500m from

the

proposed

well

location,

majorly on

the South-

Western

The nearest

stretch of sand

dune is located

at 0.36km

(North-West),

0.54 (West),

0.15km (East),

and 1.45km

(South) from

the proposed

well location.

Sl.

No

Well

Name

Geographical

Coordinates


Land cover

of wells

Accessibility

(in approx.)

Environmental

Setting of Wells


School

/Hospital within

2.5km

Existing

Industries

Remarks

Village

Block

District

Terrain

Type

Stream/

River

Forest WLS/ESZ

the proposed

well location

side. The

nearest

tanka is

located 10m

South.

2. Surface

water body

is present at

1.26km

(North-

West) from

the

proposed

well

location.

3.

Limestone

quarry is

located at

1.31km to

the North-

East of the

proposed

well

location.

13 13 25°15'26.35"N,

71°35'50.06"E

Mokhawa Gudha

Malani

Barmer Agricultural

Land

Non-Metal

Road

connecting

Bhalikhal

Udasar Road

to

Gudamalani

Band

Mangata

Road, near

Mokhawa is

located

530m

Flat

Type

NA NA NA The proposed

well is located

within a

settlement and

other nearer

settlements are

located at 20m

and 40m

towards North-

East and

South-West of

Within a

radius of

500m from

the

proposed

well

location, 7

tankas are

located.

With the

nearest

being at

110m each

Sl.

No

Well

Name

Geographical

Coordinates


Land cover

of wells

Accessibility

(in approx.)

Environmental

Setting of Wells


School

/Hospital within

2.5km

Existing

Industries

Remarks

Village

Block

District

Terrain

Type

Stream/

River

Forest WLS/ESZ

towards

South of the

proposed

well location.

the proposed

location.

2.At 760m to

the South-West

of the proposed

location, the

establishment

resembles

school building/

govt.

establishment.

on North-

East and

South from

the same.

14 14 25°15'28.72"N,

71°38'13.16"E

Mokhawa Gudha

Malani

Barmer Agricultural

land

Gudamalani

Band

Mangata

Road (metal

road),

1.15km on

the North-

East side of

the proposed

well location.

Flat

Type


settlement is

located within

40m from the

proposed well

location.

2. At 380m

towards North-

East of the

proposed well

location, the

establishment

resembles

school building.

1. The

nearest

tanka is

located at

390m to the

South-West

of the

proposed

well

location.

2. Micro-

grid solar

power plant

is located at

990m

towards

North-West

of the

proposed

well

location.

15 15 25°17'31.61"N,

71°31'1.16"E

Alamsariya Gudha

Malani

Barmer Agricultural

land

Metal road

connecting

Alamsar

Khurd to

Alamsariya,

is located at

Flat

Type

NA NA NA 1.The nearest

settlement is at

80m from the

proposed well

location.

1. 11 tankas

exists within

a radius of

500m from

the

proposed

Sl.

No

Well

Name

Geographical

Coordinates


Land cover

of wells

Accessibility

(in approx.)

Environmental

Setting of Wells


School

/Hospital within

2.5km

Existing

Industries

Remarks

Village

Block

District

Terrain

Type

Stream/

River

Forest WLS/ESZ

330m to the

East of the

proposed

well location.

2. At 1.22km

on the South-

Western side of

the proposed

well location

the

establishment

resembles a

school building.

well

location,

nearest

being at

110m to the

South-East

of the

proposed

site.

2. Surface

water body

exists at

330m to

North-East

of the

proposed

well

location.

16 16 25°17'34.06"N,

71°33'24.29"E

Sauon Ka

Goliya

Gudha

Malani

Barmer Agricultural

Land

Metal road

connecting

Sauon Ka

Goliya to

Alamsar

Khurd,

located

540m to

590m to the

North-East

and East of

the proposed

well location.

Flat

Type


settlement is at

330m to the

South-East

side of the

proposed well

location.

2. An

establishment

resembling

school is

present to the

North-East side

of the proposed

well location.

1. The

nearest

tanka is

located at

360m to the

South-East

of the

proposed

well

location.

2. Presence

of surface

water body

at 740m

towards

South-West

of the

proposed

well

location.

Sl.

No

Well

Name

Geographical

Coordinates


Land cover

of wells

Accessibility

(in approx.)

Environmental

Setting of Wells


School

/Hospital within

2.5km

Existing

Industries

Remarks

Village

Block

District

Terrain

Type

Stream/

River

Forest WLS/ESZ

17 17 25°17'36.47"N,

71°35'47.43"E

Pabubera Gudha

Malani

Barmer Agricultural

Land

Gudamalani

Band

Mangata

Road (metal

road),

1.11km to

the East of

the proposed

well location.

Flat

Type

NA NA NA 1.The nearest

settlement is at

200m towards

North-West of

the proposed

well location.

2. K School is

located at

1.95km to the

South-Eastern

side of the

proposed well

location.

1. The

nearest

tanka is

located at

150m to the

West of the

proposed

well

location.

18 18 25°17'38.84"N,

71°38'10.57"E

Mokhawa

Khurd

Gudha

Malani

Barmer Agricultural

Land

The Metal

Road

connecting

Janiyon Ki

Dhani to Nai

Khadali

School

(Mokhawa

Khurd), is

located at

900m

towards the

North-West

direction of

the proposed

well location.

Flat

Type

NA Open Scrub

comprising

of an area

of 196.38

ha, located

on the

South-

Eastern

side, at

1.51km from

the

proposed

well

location.

NA 1. The nearest

settlement is at

310m towards

North-West of

the proposed

well location.

2. An

establishment

resembling a

school building

is located at

2.06km to the

South of the

proposed well

location.

3. A school is

located at

2.26km to the

South-West of

the proposed

well location.

4. Nai Khadali

School is

located at

1. The

nearest

tanka is

located at

240m to the

West of the

proposed

well

location.

Sl.

No

Well

Name

Geographical

Coordinates


Land cover

of wells

Accessibility

(in approx.)

Environmental

Setting of Wells


School

/Hospital within

2.5km

Existing

Industries

Remarks

Village

Block

District

Terrain

Type

Stream/

River

Forest WLS/ESZ

1.25km to the

North-West of

the proposed

well location.

19 19 25°19'41.73"N,

71°30'58.44"E

Dudapur Gudha

Malani

Barmer Agricultural

Land

Non-Metal

Road

connecting

Khar Ki Beri

to Almsar

Khurd, via

Dudapur, is

located at

120m to the

North of the

proposed

well location.

Flat

Type


settlement is at

130m to the

North-West of

the proposed

well location.

2. Govt upper p

school Rohila,

Bheraram

Chandan

Computer

Bhinmal is

located outside

the block

boundary but

within 2.5km

radius of the

proposed well

location, at

2.29km of the

proposed

location to the

West.

1. Micro-

grid Solar

Power Plant

is located

on the

Eastern

side, at

2.3km from

the

proposed

well

location.

2. The

nearest

tanka is

located at

330m

towards

North-West

of the

proposed

well

location.

20 20 25°19'44.18"N,

71°33'21.62"E

Ardarsh

Lookhoo

Gudha

Malani

Barmer Agricultural

Land

Metal Road

connecting

Udasar to

Band via

Ardarsh

Lookhoo, is

at 1.31km

towards

North-West

of the

Flat

Type


settlement is

located at 70m

to the South of

the proposed

well location.

1. Nearest

tanka is

located at

160m to the

North-East

of the

proposed

well

location.

2. Micro-

grid solar

1. The nearest

sand dunes

are located at

260m , 410m,

990m and

540m to the

West, North-

East, East and

South

respectively of

Sl.

No

Well

Name

Geographical

Coordinates


Land cover

of wells

Accessibility

(in approx.)

Environmental

Setting of Wells


School

/Hospital within

2.5km

Existing

Industries

Remarks

Village

Block

District

Terrain

Type

Stream/

River

Forest WLS/ESZ

proposed

well location.

power plant

located at

1.88km to

the South-

West of the

proposed

well

location.

the proposed

well location

21 21 25°19'46.59"N,

71°35'44.80"E

Khadiyali

Nadi

Gudha

Malani

Barmer Agricultural

Land

Gudamalan-

Band-

Mangata

Road (Metal

road) is at

430m to the

West of the

proposed

well location.

Flat

Type


settlement is

located at

230m to the

South-West of

the proposed

well location.

2. Khichdo ka

Was School,

located at

1.1km to the

South-West of

the proposed

well location.

3.

Establishment

resembling

school building,

located at

2.44km to the

North-West of

the proposed

well location.

1. Nearest

tanka is

located at

200m to the

North of the

proposed

well

location.

2. Presence

of surface

water

bodies at

1.40km and

2.14km, to

the South-

East of the

proposed

well

location.

1. The nearest

sand dunes

are located at

1.42km, 1.5km

and 1.96km to

the West,

South-West

and North-

West

respectively of

the proposed

well location.

22 22 25°19'48.96"N,

71°38'7.99"E

Khadali Gudha

Malani

Barmer Agricultural

Land

Metal road

connecting

Janiyon Ki

Dhani to Lala

Ki Beri,

located at

1.39km to

Flat

Type


settlement is

located at 40m

to the South-

East of the

1. Nearest

tanka is

located at

200m, to

the North-

West of the

proposed

Sl.

No

Well

Name

Geographical

Coordinates


Land cover

of wells

Accessibility

(in approx.)

Environmental

Setting of Wells


School

/Hospital within

2.5km

Existing

Industries

Remarks

Village

Block

District

Terrain

Type

Stream/

River

Forest WLS/ESZ

the South-

West of the

proposed

well location.

proposed well

location.

2.

Establishment

resembling

school building,

located at

1.86km and

2.22km to the

North-West

and South-

West

respectively.

well

location.

2. Presence

of surface

water

bodies

located at

1.87km,

0.86km,

2.42km,

2.49km and

1.64km to

the West,

North, East,

South-East

and North-

West

respectively

of the

proposed

well

location.

23 23 25°21'51.84"N,

71°30'55.72"E

Relon Ki

Beri

Gudha

Malani

Barmer Agricultural

Land

Metal road

connecting

Relon Ki

Berito to

Dharmpura,

located at

30m to the

West of the

proposed

well location.

Flat

Type


settlement is

located at

210m to the

East of the

proposed well

location.

1. Nearest

tanka is

located at

340m, to

the East of

the

proposed

well

location.

1. The nearest

sand dunes

are located at

170m, 360m,

480m and 2km

to the South-

West, North-

West, North-

East and

South-East

respectively of

the proposed

well location.

Sl.

No

Well

Name

Geographical

Coordinates


Land cover

of wells

Accessibility

(in approx.)

Environmental

Setting of Wells


School

/Hospital within

2.5km

Existing

Industries

Remarks

Village

Block

District

Terrain

Type

Stream/

River

Forest WLS/ESZ

24 24 25°21'54.29"N,

71°33'18.95"E

Kheecharo

Ka Was

Gudha

Malani

Barmer Agricultural

Land

Gudamalani-

Band-

Mangata

Road (Metal

road) is

located at

660m to the

North-East of

the proposed

well location.

Flat

Type

NA NA NA 1. The

proposed well

is situated on a

settlement and

the nearest

settlement to

the location is

at 70m to the

South-West

side of it.

2. An

establishment

resembling a

school building

is located at

1.8km to the

North-West of

the proposed

well location.

1. Within a

radius of

500m from

the

proposed

well

location, 12

tankas are

located. The

nearest

tanks being

at 80m to

the South-

West side.

2. Micro-

grid solar

power plant

is located at

1.68km to

the East of

the

proposed

well

location.

3.

Limestone

quarry is

located at

1.39km

(North-

West) from

the

proposed

location

site.

1. The nearest

sand dunes

are located at

.34km (North),

1.7km

(NorthWest),

1.4km (South),

.86km (East)

and 1.25km

(South-West)

of the

proposed well

location.

Sl.

No

Well

Name

Geographical

Coordinates


Land cover

of wells

Accessibility

(in approx.)

Environmental

Setting of Wells


School

/Hospital within

2.5km

Existing

Industries

Remarks

Village

Block

District

Terrain

Type

Stream/

River

Forest WLS/ESZ

25 25 25°21'56.70"N,

71°35'42.17"E

Nai Band Gudha

Malani

Barmer Agricultural

Land

Non-Metal

Road

connecting

Andaniyon Ki

Beri to Nai

Band, is

located at

260m to the

South-West

of the

proposed

well location.

Flat

Type


settlement is

located at 10m

to the North-

East of the

proposed well

location.

2.

Establishment

resembling a

school building

is located at

2.24km to the

South-West of

the proposed

well location.

1. 18 tankas

are present

within a

radius of

500m from

the

proposed

well

location, the

nearest

being at

80m to the

West.

2. Surface

water body

present at

1.55km to

the South-

West of the

proposed

well

location.

1. The nearest

sand dunes

are located at

a varying

distance of

1.11km (North-

West) to

1.37km (South

West) of the

proposed well

location.

26 26 25°21'59.08"N,

71°38'5.40"E

Ranasar

Khurd

Gudha

Malani

Barmer Agricultural

Land

Barmer-

Mahabar-

Malpura-

Gudamalani

Road (Metal

Road) is

located at

0.96km to

the South-

West of the

proposed

well location.

Flat

Type


settlement is

located at 30m

to the South-

East of the

proposed well

location.

2. Govt. Upper

Primary School

(Gomati Beri

Ranasar

Khurd) is

located at

2.05km to the

North of the

1. Nearest

tanka is

located at

90m, to the

East of the

proposed

well

location.

Sl.

No

Well

Name

Geographical

Coordinates


Land cover

of wells

Accessibility

(in approx.)

Environmental

Setting of Wells


School

/Hospital within

2.5km

Existing

Industries

Remarks

Village

Block

District

Terrain

Type

Stream/

River

Forest WLS/ESZ

proposed well

location.

3. An

establishment

resembling a

school building

is located at

1.05km to the

South-West of

the proposed

well location.

27 27 25°24'1.96"N,

71°30'53.00"E

Mehlu Gudha

Malani

Barmer Agricultural

Land

Metal Road

connecting

Relon Ki Beri

to Mehloo to

Shobhala

Jetmal Road,

is located at

140m to the

East of the

proposed

well location.

Flat

Type


settlement is

located at

110m to the

South of the

proposed well

location.

1. 18 tankas

are present

within a

radius of

500m from

the

proposed

well

location, the

nearest

being at

180m to the

South-East.

2. Power

grid station

is located at

1.07km to

the North-

East of the

proposed

well

location.

Sl.

No

Well

Name

Geographical

Coordinates


Land cover

of wells

Accessibility

(in approx.)

Environmental

Setting of Wells


School

/Hospital within

2.5km

Existing

Industries

Remarks

Village

Block

District

Terrain

Type

Stream/

River

Forest WLS/ESZ

28 28 25°24'4.41"N,

71°33'16.27"E

Meethi Beri Gudha

Malani

Barmer Agricultural

Land

Metal road

connecting

Goliya

Jetmaal to

Meethi Beri ,

is located at

160m to the

South-East

of the

proposed

well location.

Flat

Type


settlement is

located at 40m

to the West of

the proposed

well location.

1. 13 tankas

are present

within a

radius of

500m from

the

proposed

well

location, the

nearest

being at

130m to the

South.

1. The nearest

sand dunes

are located at

a varying

distance of

0.28km (South-

East) to

0.58km (North-

East) of the

proposed well

location.

29 29 25°24'6.82"N,

71°35'39.54"E

Siyolon Ki

Beri

Gudha

Malani

Barmer Agricultural

Land

Bamrer-

Mahabar-

Malpura-

Gudamalani

Road (Metal

road), is

located at

70m to the

South-West

of the

proposed

well location.

Flat

Type


settlements are

located at 90m,

100m and

120m to the

North-West of

the proposed

well location.

2.

Establishments

resembling

school building/

govt. institution

are located at

0.66km (South-

West), 2.42km

(South-West)

and 1.11km

(East) from the

proposed well

location.

1. The

nearest

tanka is

located at

100m to the

South of the

proposed

well

location.

2. Solar

panels

(micro-grid )

are located

at 1.33km

and 1.30km,

to the

South-East

of the

proposed

well

location.

1. The nearest

sand dunes

are located at

a varying

distance of

0.22km(South-

West) to

0.76km (North-

West) of the

proposed well

location.

Appendix 2.4:

Environment

Settings of Well

(1km buffer map for

each well)

Appendix 2.5:

The List of

Chemicals to be

Used During Drilling

CHEMICAL DETAIL

Function chemicals

A. WBM Formulation

Water /Base fluid

Viscosifier Biopolymer

Fluid Loss Agent Drispac/CMC

Alkalinity Agent Caustic Potash

Salinity Potassium Sulphate

Lubricant Torque Reducer/Blend of vegetable oil, Surfactant and Food Grade Paraffin Oil

Gelling agent Bentonite

Biocide Gluteraldehyde

Weighting Agent Barite

B. SBM Formulation

Base oil/Base Fluid

Synthetic Biodegradable Base Fluid

Water -

Emulsifier Polyamide, Petroleum Distillate, Dipropylene Glycol Methyl Ether

Viscosifier Bentonite

Fluid Loss Agent Gilsonite

Brine Phase Sodium Formate

Alkalinity Calcium Hydroxide

Bridging Agent Calcium Carbonate Graded

Weighting Agent Barite

Appendix 3.1: Micro-

Meteorological Data

Coordinates: 25°15'42.0"N 71°44'58.0"E

Date Month Year Time Air Temp. RH Wind Speed Wind Direction Barometric Pressure Rainfall Cloud Cover°C % mtrs/sec ° milibar mm Oktas

10 4 2019 10:00 34 46.73 25.5 331 972.3 0 010 4 2019 11:00 35 48.3 23.2 332 971.2 0 010 4 2019 12:00 37 47.44 25.3 287 970.8 0 010 4 2019 13:00 39 47.8 21.3 222 971 0 010 4 2019 14:00 40 48.74 24.3 329 970.8 0 010 4 2019 15:00 41 46.41 23.6 266 971 0 010 4 2019 16:00 42 45.5 12.3 210 972 0 010 4 2019 17:00 37 43.45 11.3 278 973.1 0 010 4 2019 18:00 35 44.63 25.6 268 973.2 0 010 4 2019 19:00 33 42.31 12.7 298 973 0 010 4 2019 20:00 32 43.34 12.9 324 972 0 010 4 2019 21:00 31 42.67 11.9 269 971.5 0 010 4 2019 22:00 30 43.43 12.4 281 971.1 0 010 4 2019 23:00 29 41.63 12.3 251 970.9 0 011 4 2019 00:00 28 39.35 15.6 164 971.9 0 011 4 2019 01:00 27 39.13 10.6 327 973.2 0 011 4 2019 02:00 26 37.81 16.2 285 974.7 0 011 4 2019 03:00 25 36.91 15.2 211 975.4 0 011 4 2019 04:00 24 42.24 13.7 225 975.7 0 011 4 2019 05:00 23 42.84 10.9 271 974.8 0 011 4 2019 06:00 25 44.84 14.2 342 974.4 0 011 4 2019 07:00 27 45.86 11.5 331 973.7 0 011 4 2019 08:00 30 45.91 16.3 337 972 0 011 4 2019 09:00 32 46.51 12.8 287 970.9 0 011 4 2019 10:00 33 46.23 14.5 108 970.2 0 011 4 2019 11:00 34 47.8 14.2 123 969.8 0 011 4 2019 12:00 35 46.94 18.2 147 969.5 0 011 4 2019 13:00 38 47.3 23.2 305 970.5 0 011 4 2019 14:00 41 48.24 21.2 287 971.2 0 011 4 2019 15:00 42 45.91 10.5 171 971.5 0 011 4 2019 16:00 40 45 12.6 171 971.6 0 011 4 2019 17:00 38 42.95 23.6 205 971.4 0 011 4 2019 18:00 37 44.13 14.5 205 971 0 011 4 2019 19:00 35 41.81 19.2 165 970.6 0 011 4 2019 20:00 34 42.84 23.6 163 970 0 011 4 2019 21:00 33 42.17 24.2 170 969.8 0 011 4 2019 22:00 32 42.93 15.6 178 970.1 0 011 4 2019 23:00 31 41.13 23.6 281 971.7 0 012 4 2019 00:00 31 39.24 11.5 170 973.2 0 012 4 2019 01:00 30 39.02 13.2 286 974.3 0 012 4 2019 02:00 30 37.7 11.2 262 975.1 0 012 4 2019 03:00 29 36.8 11.5 227 975.6 0 012 4 2019 04:00 29 42.13 22.5 229 974.8 0 012 4 2019 05:00 28 42.73 16.3 152 974.3 0 012 4 2019 06:00 28 44.73 10.2 263 973 0 012 4 2019 07:00 27 45.75 23.2 227 971.8 0 012 4 2019 08:00 27 45.8 16.2 215 971.1 0 012 4 2019 09:00 30 46.4 12.5 274 970.1 0 012 4 2019 10:00 33 46.12 13.2 297 970 0 012 4 2019 11:00 34 47.69 10.9 276 970 0 012 4 2019 12:00 40 46.83 13.4 229 970.6 0 012 4 2019 13:00 41 47.19 12.6 246 971 0 012 4 2019 14:00 42 48.13 14.6 291 972.1 0 012 4 2019 15:00 42 45.8 12.9 223 971.9 0 012 4 2019 16:00 43 44.89 13.2 165 972.1 0 012 4 2019 17:00 38 42.84 11.4 165 970.8 0 012 4 2019 18:00 37 44.02 11.9 210 971.4 0 012 4 2019 19:00 35 41.7 15.3 232 970.4 0 012 4 2019 20:00 34 42.73 15.7 231 970.1 0 012 4 2019 21:00 33 42.06 15.9 123 969.8 0 012 4 2019 22:00 32 42.82 23.5 158 970.8 0 012 4 2019 23:00 31 41.02 25.3 219 973.3 0 013 4 2019 00:00 30 38.74 13.6 220 974.4 0 013 4 2019 01:00 29 38.52 15.1 228 975.6 0 013 4 2019 02:00 28 37.2 13.2 250 976 0 013 4 2019 03:00 27 36.3 14.6 175 975.4 0 013 4 2019 04:00 26 41.63 16.2 110 974.8 0 013 4 2019 05:00 25 42.23 12.7 276 973.3 0 013 4 2019 06:00 24 44.23 13.9 222 972.9 0 013 4 2019 07:00 27 45.25 22.5 271 971.7 0 013 4 2019 08:00 28 45.3 14.5 256 970.7 0 013 4 2019 09:00 30 45.9 11.5 281 970.5 0 013 4 2019 10:00 33 45.62 23.6 258 970.6 0 013 4 2019 11:00 34 47.19 21.5 289 970.8 0 013 4 2019 12:00 37 46.33 13.1 154 972 0 013 4 2019 13:00 40 46.69 24.3 236 972.9 0 0

Location : Nagar Village

13 4 2019 14:00 42 47.63 14.7 241 972.9 0 013 4 2019 15:00 42 45.3 12.3 172 972.5 0 013 4 2019 16:00 43 44.39 26.5 253 972 0 013 4 2019 17:00 43 42.34 12.6 254 971.6 0 013 4 2019 18:00 42 43.52 14.5 256 971 0 013 4 2019 19:00 37 41.2 10.3 252 970.9 0 013 4 2019 20:00 35 42.23 14.2 250 971 0 013 4 2019 21:00 34 41.56 16.2 184 972.6 0 013 4 2019 22:00 33 42.32 14.6 179 973.8 0 013 4 2019 23:00 32 40.52 23.6 271 975.5 0 014 4 2019 00:00 31 39.81 14.5 236 976.2 0 014 4 2019 01:00 30 39.59 22.8 211 976.2 0 014 4 2019 02:00 29 38.27 10.2 183 976 0 014 4 2019 03:00 28 37.37 12.3 221 975.3 0 014 4 2019 04:00 27 42.7 23.6 290 974.5 0 014 4 2019 05:00 25 43.3 22.4 296 973.5 0 014 4 2019 06:00 26 45.3 22.2 301 973 0 014 4 2019 07:00 28 46.32 23.6 296 972.3 0 014 4 2019 08:00 30 46.37 24.6 343 972 0 014 4 2019 09:00 35 46.97 25.3 219 971.4 0 014 4 2019 10:00 36 46.69 12.3 211 971.9 0 014 4 2019 11:00 38 48.26 14.2 162 973.2 0 014 4 2019 12:00 39 47.4 23.2 293 973.2 0 014 4 2019 13:00 40 47.76 12.6 222 973.7 0 014 4 2019 14:00 41 48.7 16.3 273 973.6 0 014 4 2019 15:00 42 46.37 15.6 267 973.3 0 014 4 2019 16:00 43 45.46 15.6 188 973.4 0 014 4 2019 17:00 44 43.41 17.5 289 973.2 0 014 4 2019 18:00 38 44.59 16.3 272 972.6 0 014 4 2019 19:00 37 42.27 10.3 219 973.1 0 014 4 2019 20:00 35 43.3 16.3 190 973.4 0 014 4 2019 21:00 33 42.63 15.6 201 974.4 0 014 4 2019 22:00 30 43.39 13.7 185 974.3 0 014 4 2019 23:00 28 41.59 13.9 147 975.5 0 015 4 2019 00:00 27 39.31 13.2 160 976.5 0 015 4 2019 01:00 26 39.09 10.4 86 977.7 0 015 4 2019 02:00 25 37.77 10.8 131 977.9 0 015 4 2019 03:00 24 36.87 11.8 195 977.8 0 015 4 2019 04:00 23 42.2 11.9 125 976.7 0 015 4 2019 05:00 26 42.8 23.6 157 975.3 0 015 4 2019 06:00 28 44.8 21.6 271 974.1 0 015 4 2019 07:00 30 45.82 23.6 245 973 0 015 4 2019 08:00 33 45.87 25.6 289 972.2 0 015 4 2019 09:00 35 46.47 22.5 221 971.9 0 015 4 2019 10:00 36 46.19 26.3 295 972 0 015 4 2019 11:00 39 47.76 12.7 259 972.5 0 015 4 2019 12:00 40 46.9 15.6 176 973.2 0 015 4 2019 13:00 41 47.26 12.7 288 973.4 0 015 4 2019 14:00 42 48.2 23.6 206 974 0 015 4 2019 15:00 43 45.87 15.9 100 974.2 0 015 4 2019 16:00 44 44.96 16.3 113 973.4 0 015 4 2019 17:00 44 42.91 16.7 191 972.9 0 015 4 2019 18:00 39 44.09 15.1 292 972.9 0 015 4 2019 19:00 38 41.77 15.6 271 972 0 015 4 2019 20:00 35 42.8 13.6 212 972 0 015 4 2019 21:00 33 42.13 14.5 243 973 0 015 4 2019 22:00 32 42.89 16.2 173 974.4 0 015 4 2019 23:00 31 41.09 14.2 206 975.3 0 016 4 2019 00:00 30 38.92 27.5 167 976.3 0 016 4 2019 01:00 29 38.7 25.3 154 977.8 0 016 4 2019 02:00 29 37.38 14.3 162 978.2 0 016 4 2019 03:00 28 36.48 12.6 137 977.7 0 016 4 2019 04:00 27 41.81 13.7 158 977.2 0 016 4 2019 05:00 26 42.41 14.9 144 976.3 0 016 4 2019 06:00 25 44.41 15.6 262 974.7 0 016 4 2019 07:00 29 45.43 15.7 282 974 0 016 4 2019 08:00 30 45.48 10.8 137 973.5 0 016 4 2019 09:00 33 46.08 13.4 105 972.7 0 016 4 2019 10:00 35 45.8 13.2 137 972.5 0 016 4 2019 11:00 37 47.37 15.6 179 973.1 0 016 4 2019 12:00 39 46.51 14.6 231 973.2 0 016 4 2019 13:00 40 46.87 13.3 311 974.4 0 016 4 2019 14:00 41 47.81 19.2 216 974.4 0 016 4 2019 15:00 42 45.48 18.2 221 974 0 016 4 2019 16:00 43 44.57 15.9 291 974.1 0 016 4 2019 17:00 40 42.52 16.2 211 973.9 0 016 4 2019 18:00 39 43.7 10.4 200 973.3 0 016 4 2019 19:00 37 41.38 13.2 210 973.2 0 016 4 2019 20:00 35 42.41 15.4 204 973.3 0 016 4 2019 21:00 35 41.74 16.3 206 973.4 0 0

16 4 2019 22:00 33 42.5 10.2 205 974 0 016 4 2019 23:00 32 40.7 11.9 248 975.3 0 017 4 2019 00:00 31 38.42 11.8 221 977 0 017 4 2019 01:00 30 38.2 12.9 225 977.7 0 017 4 2019 02:00 29 36.88 12.6 257 977.7 0 017 4 2019 03:00 28 35.98 13.7 101 976.8 0 017 4 2019 04:00 27 41.31 14.7 284 976.3 0 017 4 2019 05:00 26 41.91 18.6 216 974.6 0 017 4 2019 06:00 25 43.91 14.6 235 973.7 0 017 4 2019 07:00 27 44.93 12.6 256 973.1 0 017 4 2019 08:00 29 44.98 14.4 263 972 0 017 4 2019 09:00 30 45.58 13.6 289 971.8 0 017 4 2019 10:00 33 45.3 12.7 103 972 0 017 4 2019 11:00 34 46.87 16.8 251 972 0 017 4 2019 12:00 36 46.01 15.5 250 973 0 017 4 2019 13:00 37 46.37 15.6 287 973.2 0 017 4 2019 14:00 40 47.31 12.4 299 973.8 0 017 4 2019 15:00 41 44.98 10.6 260 973.7 0 017 4 2019 16:00 42 44.07 19.2 288 973.6 0 017 4 2019 17:00 43 42.02 12.2 248 973.4 0 017 4 2019 18:00 41 43.2 23.6 297 972.9 0 017 4 2019 19:00 36 40.88 16.2 247 972.3 0 017 4 2019 20:00 35 41.91 13.2 240 972.4 0 017 4 2019 21:00 33 41.24 13.9 245 972.9 0 017 4 2019 22:00 32 42 13.4 142 973.6 0 017 4 2019 23:00 31 40.2 13.7 150 974.6 0 018 4 2019 00:00 30 39.63 12.6 68 976.1 0 018 4 2019 01:00 29 39.41 16.3 288 977.5 0 018 4 2019 02:00 28 38.09 12.3 276 977.6 0 018 4 2019 03:00 27 37.19 13.7 229 977.2 0 018 4 2019 04:00 26 42.52 12.6 282 976 0 018 4 2019 05:00 25 43.12 13.2 270 975.1 0 018 4 2019 06:00 24 45.12 12.9 170 973.7 0 018 4 2019 07:00 29 46.14 14.6 262 972.8 0 018 4 2019 08:00 30 46.19 16.3 168 972.3 0 018 4 2019 09:00 33 46.79 14.5 172 972.2 0 018 4 2019 10:00 35 46.51 10.8 192 972.1 0 018 4 2019 11:00 37 48.08 13.4 193 972 0 018 4 2019 12:00 39 47.22 14.9 158 972.6 0 018 4 2019 13:00 40 47.58 13.8 157 973.3 0 018 4 2019 14:00 41 48.52 16.8 157 973.4 0 018 4 2019 15:00 42 46.19 12.5 159 972.9 0 018 4 2019 16:00 43 45.28 11.7 157 972.8 0 018 4 2019 17:00 41 43.23 14.9 157 972.1 0 018 4 2019 18:00 39 44.41 12.9 227 971.8 0 018 4 2019 19:00 36 42.09 13.5 237 972 0 018 4 2019 20:00 35 43.12 19.5 298 971.8 0 018 4 2019 21:00 33 42.45 12.9 177 972.3 0 018 4 2019 22:00 32 43.21 23.6 163 973.3 0 018 4 2019 23:00 31 41.41 15.6 288 974.3 0 019 4 2019 00:00 30 39.13 17.6 260 975.9 0 019 4 2019 01:00 29 38.91 13.2 250 977.4 0 019 4 2019 02:00 28 37.59 16.2 198 976.5 0 019 4 2019 03:00 27 36.69 24.2 271 976.1 0 019 4 2019 04:00 26 42.02 27.2 190 975.4 0 019 4 2019 05:00 25 42.62 10.6 210 974.1 0 019 4 2019 06:00 24 44.62 13.2 265 973.4 0 019 4 2019 07:00 29 45.64 12.6 259 972.1 0 019 4 2019 08:00 30 45.69 13.5 254 971.3 0 019 4 2019 09:00 33 46.29 14.8 263 971 0 019 4 2019 10:00 35 46.01 15.2 176 971.3 0 019 4 2019 11:00 36 47.58 14.6 177 971.8 0 019 4 2019 12:00 37 46.72 15.2 177 972.1 0 019 4 2019 13:00 39 47.08 15.3 176 972.8 0 019 4 2019 14:00 40 48.02 15.3 176 973.4 0 019 4 2019 15:00 41 45.69 11.2 207 972.9 0 019 4 2019 16:00 42 44.78 14.8 173 972.9 0 019 4 2019 17:00 41 42.73 14.7 215 972.1 0 019 4 2019 18:00 40 43.91 12.5 274 971.8 0 019 4 2019 19:00 38 41.59 10.8 242 970.9 0 019 4 2019 20:00 35 42.62 25.5 164 971.2 0 019 4 2019 21:00 34 41.95 23.2 200 971.7 0 019 4 2019 22:00 33 42.71 25.3 196 972.8 0 019 4 2019 23:00 32 40.91 21.3 174 973.4 0 020 4 2019 00:00 31 40.49 24.3 210 975 0 020 4 2019 01:00 30 40.27 23.6 200 975.7 0 020 4 2019 02:00 29 38.95 12.3 214 975.7 0 020 4 2019 03:00 28 38.05 11.3 234 975.4 0 020 4 2019 04:00 27 43.38 25.6 191 974.2 0 020 4 2019 05:00 26 43.98 12.7 224 973.1 0 0

20 4 2019 06:00 25 45.98 12.9 215 972.1 0 020 4 2019 07:00 28 47 11.9 224 970.9 0 020 4 2019 08:00 30 47.05 12.4 324 970.4 0 020 4 2019 09:00 33 47.65 12.3 176 970.1 0 020 4 2019 10:00 35 47.37 15.6 302 970.1 0 020 4 2019 11:00 39 48.94 10.6 247 969.9 0 020 4 2019 12:00 40 48.08 16.2 189 971 0 020 4 2019 13:00 41 48.44 15.2 187 970.8 0 020 4 2019 14:00 42 49.38 13.7 152 971.3 0 020 4 2019 15:00 43 47.05 10.9 153 970.8 0 020 4 2019 16:00 44 46.14 14.2 170 970.9 0 020 4 2019 17:00 41 44.09 11.5 156 970.8 0 020 4 2019 18:00 39 45.27 16.3 283 970.1 0 020 4 2019 19:00 37 42.95 12.8 291 969.5 0 020 4 2019 20:00 35 43.98 14.5 166 969.7 0 020 4 2019 21:00 33 43.31 14.2 241 970.3 0 020 4 2019 22:00 32 44.07 18.2 142 970.7 0 020 4 2019 23:00 31 42.27 23.2 160 972 0 021 4 2019 00:00 30 39.99 21.2 229 972.9 0 021 4 2019 01:00 29 39.77 10.5 212 973.2 0 021 4 2019 02:00 28 38.45 12.6 276 973.4 0 021 4 2019 03:00 27 37.55 23.6 281 972.1 0 021 4 2019 04:00 26 42.88 14.5 106 971.8 0 021 4 2019 05:00 25 43.48 19.2 220 970.7 0 021 4 2019 06:00 24 45.48 23.6 274 969.1 0 021 4 2019 07:00 29 46.5 24.2 340 968.1 0 021 4 2019 08:00 30 46.55 15.6 217 967.9 0 021 4 2019 09:00 33 47.15 23.6 308 967.4 0 021 4 2019 10:00 35 46.87 11.5 212 966.8 0 021 4 2019 11:00 36 48.44 13.2 211 967 0 021 4 2019 12:00 39 47.58 11.2 279 967.5 0 021 4 2019 13:00 40 47.94 11.5 164 967.9 0 021 4 2019 14:00 41 48.88 22.5 153 967.9 0 021 4 2019 15:00 42 46.55 16.3 157 968 0 021 4 2019 16:00 43 45.64 10.2 126 967.5 0 021 4 2019 17:00 42 43.59 23.2 176 967.8 0 021 4 2019 18:00 40 44.77 16.2 191 967.7 0 021 4 2019 19:00 39 42.45 12.5 184 966.7 0 021 4 2019 20:00 38 43.48 13.2 205 967.6 0 021 4 2019 21:00 36 42.81 10.9 225 968.7 0 021 4 2019 22:00 35 43.57 13.4 231 968.6 0 021 4 2019 23:00 33 41.77 12.6 188 969.9 0 022 4 2019 00:00 32 39.51 14.6 175 971.1 0 022 4 2019 01:00 31 39.29 12.9 212 971.6 0 022 4 2019 02:00 30 37.97 13.2 235 971.8 0 022 4 2019 03:00 29 37.07 11.4 151 971.8 0 022 4 2019 04:00 28 42.4 11.9 259 971.2 0 022 4 2019 05:00 27 43 15.3 112 969.9 0 022 4 2019 06:00 26 45 15.7 228 968.6 0 022 4 2019 07:00 28 46.02 15.9 290 967.7 0 022 4 2019 08:00 29 46.07 23.5 310 968 0 022 4 2019 09:00 30 46.67 25.3 100 967.4 0 022 4 2019 10:00 33 46.39 13.6 164 967.5 0 022 4 2019 11:00 35 47.96 15.1 169 967.7 0 022 4 2019 12:00 37 47.1 13.2 169 968.5 0 022 4 2019 13:00 39 47.46 14.6 159 969.7 0 022 4 2019 14:00 40 48.4 16.2 213 970.7 0 022 4 2019 15:00 41 46.07 12.7 202 971.3 0 022 4 2019 16:00 42 45.16 13.9 248 970.8 0 022 4 2019 17:00 43 43.11 22.5 269 971.1 0 022 4 2019 18:00 41 44.29 14.5 218 970.8 0 022 4 2019 19:00 39 41.97 11.5 203 970.6 0 022 4 2019 20:00 38 43 23.6 232 970.7 0 022 4 2019 21:00 35 42.33 21.5 211 971.6 0 022 4 2019 22:00 34 43.09 13.1 207 971.9 0 022 4 2019 23:00 33 41.29 24.3 161 973.3 0 023 4 2019 00:00 32 39.01 14.7 193 974.3 0 023 4 2019 01:00 31 38.79 12.3 212 974.5 0 023 4 2019 02:00 30 37.47 26.5 321 974.4 0 023 4 2019 03:00 29 36.57 12.6 22 973.9 0 023 4 2019 04:00 28 41.9 14.5 38 973.1 0 023 4 2019 05:00 27 42.5 10.3 103 971.9 0 023 4 2019 06:00 26 44.5 14.2 245 971 0 023 4 2019 07:00 29 45.52 16.2 321 969.6 0 023 4 2019 08:00 33 45.57 14.6 256 969.1 0 023 4 2019 09:00 34 46.17 23.6 250 968.8 0 023 4 2019 10:00 36 45.89 14.5 319 969.3 0 023 4 2019 11:00 38 47.46 22.8 174 969.9 0 023 4 2019 12:00 39 46.6 10.2 182 970.7 0 023 4 2019 13:00 40 46.96 12.3 184 971 0 0

23 4 2019 14:00 41 47.9 23.6 182 972.1 0 023 4 2019 15:00 42 45.57 22.4 272 971.9 0 023 4 2019 16:00 43 44.66 22.2 197 971 0 023 4 2019 17:00 44 42.61 23.6 242 970.9 0 023 4 2019 18:00 43 43.79 24.6 248 970.3 0 023 4 2019 19:00 39 41.47 25.3 247 970.5 0 023 4 2019 20:00 38 42.5 12.3 245 970.8 0 023 4 2019 21:00 40 41.83 14.2 220 970.8 0 023 4 2019 22:00 41 42.59 23.2 152 971.5 0 023 4 2019 23:00 42 40.79 12.6 213 972.9 0 024 4 2019 00:00 40 40.23 16.3 180 973.9 0 024 4 2019 01:00 39 40.01 15.6 186 974.3 0 024 4 2019 02:00 35 38.69 15.6 262 974.5 0 024 4 2019 03:00 33 37.79 17.5 275 974 0 024 4 2019 04:00 32 43.12 16.3 280 973 0 024 4 2019 05:00 31 43.72 10.3 142 972 0 024 4 2019 06:00 30 45.72 16.3 270 970.7 0 024 4 2019 07:00 29 46.74 15.6 324 969.8 0 024 4 2019 08:00 28 46.79 13.7 292 969 0 024 4 2019 09:00 27 47.39 13.9 276 968.7 0 024 4 2019 10:00 26 47.11 13.2 261 968.7 0 024 4 2019 11:00 33 48.68 10.4 153 968.9 0 024 4 2019 12:00 36 47.82 10.8 197 969.6 0 024 4 2019 13:00 38 48.18 11.8 197 969.8 0 024 4 2019 14:00 39 49.12 11.9 183 970.5 0 024 4 2019 15:00 40 46.79 23.6 170 970.6 0 024 4 2019 16:00 41 45.88 21.6 170 969.8 0 024 4 2019 17:00 42 43.83 23.6 183 969.4 0 024 4 2019 18:00 43 45.01 25.6 285 968.8 0 024 4 2019 19:00 41 42.69 22.5 151 968.8 0 024 4 2019 20:00 39 43.72 26.3 323 969 0 024 4 2019 21:00 38 43.05 12.7 158 969.1 0 024 4 2019 22:00 35 43.81 15.6 205 970.9 0 024 4 2019 23:00 34 42.01 12.7 176 971.3 0 025 4 2019 00:00 33 39.73 23.6 225 972.2 0 025 4 2019 01:00 32 39.51 15.9 12 972.9 0 025 4 2019 02:00 31 38.19 16.3 183 973.2 0 025 4 2019 03:00 30 37.29 16.7 118 972.9 0 025 4 2019 04:00 29 42.62 15.1 224 971.7 0 025 4 2019 05:00 28 43.22 15.6 254 971.1 0 025 4 2019 06:00 25 45.22 13.6 186 970 0 025 4 2019 07:00 26 46.24 14.5 253 968.9 0 025 4 2019 08:00 28 46.29 16.2 280 968 0 025 4 2019 09:00 30 46.89 14.2 170 967.6 0 025 4 2019 10:00 36 46.61 27.5 223 967.7 0 025 4 2019 11:00 38 48.18 25.3 172 967.7 0 025 4 2019 12:00 40 47.32 14.3 172 967.8 0 025 4 2019 13:00 41 47.68 12.6 173 968.6 0 025 4 2019 14:00 42 48.62 13.7 179 968.9 0 025 4 2019 15:00 39 46.29 14.9 168 968.8 0 025 4 2019 16:00 38 45.38 15.6 157 968.6 0 025 4 2019 17:00 37 43.33 15.7 278 968.2 0 025 4 2019 18:00 35 44.51 10.8 266 967.8 0 025 4 2019 19:00 33 42.19 13.4 177 967.6 0 025 4 2019 20:00 32 43.22 13.2 259 967.7 0 025 4 2019 21:00 31 42.55 15.6 281 968.4 0 025 4 2019 22:00 30 43.31 14.6 126 969 0 025 4 2019 23:00 29 41.51 13.3 173 970.2 0 026 4 2019 00:00 28 39.34 19.2 225 971.7 0 026 4 2019 01:00 27 39.12 18.2 245 972.7 0 026 4 2019 02:00 26 37.8 15.9 215 972.9 0 026 4 2019 03:00 25 36.9 16.2 239 972 0 026 4 2019 04:00 24 42.23 10.4 281 971.1 0 026 4 2019 05:00 23 42.83 13.2 225 970.2 0 026 4 2019 06:00 25 44.83 15.4 278 969.3 0 026 4 2019 07:00 27 45.85 16.3 296 968.2 0 026 4 2019 08:00 28 45.9 10.2 229 967.6 0 026 4 2019 09:00 30 46.5 11.9 291 967.4 0 026 4 2019 10:00 33 46.22 11.8 289 966.8 0 026 4 2019 11:00 37 47.79 12.9 310 967.6 0 026 4 2019 12:00 39 46.93 12.6 289 967.7 0 026 4 2019 13:00 40 47.29 13.7 203 968.3 0 026 4 2019 14:00 41 48.23 14.7 158 968.9 0 026 4 2019 15:00 42 45.9 18.6 294 968.9 0 026 4 2019 16:00 43 44.99 14.6 174 968.2 0 026 4 2019 17:00 41 42.94 12.6 188 967.8 0 026 4 2019 18:00 39 44.12 14.4 188 967.3 0 026 4 2019 19:00 35 41.8 13.6 286 966.9 0 026 4 2019 20:00 33 42.83 12.7 191 967.8 0 026 4 2019 21:00 32 42.16 16.8 171 967.6 0 0

26 4 2019 22:00 31 42.92 15.5 190 968.4 0 026 4 2019 23:00 30 41.12 15.6 282 969.9 0 027 4 2019 00:00 29 38.84 12.4 264 970.9 0 027 4 2019 01:00 28 38.62 10.6 213 972 0 027 4 2019 02:00 27 37.3 19.2 212 972 0 027 4 2019 03:00 26 36.4 12.2 300 971.7 0 027 4 2019 04:00 25 41.73 23.6 141 970.7 0 027 4 2019 05:00 24 42.33 16.2 344 969.8 0 027 4 2019 06:00 23 44.33 13.2 263 968.4 0 027 4 2019 07:00 28 45.35 13.9 236 967.5 0 027 4 2019 08:00 29 45.4 13.4 245 966.6 0 027 4 2019 09:00 30 46 13.7 302 966.6 0 027 4 2019 10:00 33 45.72 12.6 244 966.7 0 027 4 2019 11:00 36 47.29 16.3 215 967.8 0 027 4 2019 12:00 39 46.43 12.3 227 968.6 0 027 4 2019 13:00 40 46.79 13.7 274 969 0 027 4 2019 14:00 41 47.73 12.6 211 969 0 027 4 2019 15:00 42 45.4 13.2 236 969 0 027 4 2019 16:00 42 44.49 11.2 344 968.6 0 027 4 2019 17:00 41 42.44 12.3 280 967.7 0 027 4 2019 18:00 40 43.62 22.3 265 967.8 0 027 4 2019 19:00 39 41.3 23.6 319 967.7 0 027 4 2019 20:00 38 42.33 21.5 230 967.7 0 027 4 2019 21:00 36 41.66 12.6 168 968.6 0 027 4 2019 22:00 33 42.42 11.2 283 969.3 0 027 4 2019 23:00 32 40.62 12.3 233 970.6 0 028 4 2019 00:00 31 38.47 23.6 256 971.8 0 028 4 2019 01:00 30 38.25 24.5 271 972.5 0 028 4 2019 02:00 29 36.93 12.5 227 973 0 028 4 2019 03:00 28 36.03 23.6 345 972.2 0 028 4 2019 04:00 27 41.36 16.8 149 970.8 0 028 4 2019 05:00 26 41.96 14.9 228 970.2 0 028 4 2019 06:00 25 43.96 14.2 187 969.2 0 028 4 2019 07:00 28 44.98 10.6 167 968.6 0 028 4 2019 08:00 29 45.03 15.2 187 967.6 0 028 4 2019 09:00 30 45.63 13.2 180 967.6 0 028 4 2019 10:00 33 45.35 12.6 187 967.9 0 028 4 2019 11:00 35 46.92 12.7 141 968 0 028 4 2019 12:00 36 46.06 13.2 254 968.6 0 028 4 2019 13:00 38 46.42 12.4 251 968.9 0 028 4 2019 14:00 39 47.36 15.6 252 969.1 0 028 4 2019 15:00 41 45.03 17.6 325 969 0 028 4 2019 16:00 42 44.12 16.2 324 968.8 0 028 4 2019 17:00 40 42.07 15.2 324 968.6 0 028 4 2019 18:00 39 43.25 13.2 325 967.8 0 028 4 2019 19:00 38 40.93 13.2 325 967.8 0 028 4 2019 20:00 35 41.96 11.2 317 968.5 0 028 4 2019 21:00 33 41.29 13.5 217 968.7 0 028 4 2019 22:00 32 42.05 10.4 285 969.7 0 028 4 2019 23:00 31 40.25 10.7 183 970.9 0 029 4 2019 00:00 30 37.97 10.3 139 972.2 0 029 4 2019 01:00 29 37.75 23.4 181 973.2 0 029 4 2019 02:00 28 36.43 16.3 171 973.2 0 029 4 2019 03:00 27 35.53 13.5 192 973.2 0 029 4 2019 04:00 26 40.86 12.6 112 972 0 029 4 2019 05:00 25 41.46 12.7 162 971.3 0 029 4 2019 06:00 24 43.46 11.2 312 970.8 0 029 4 2019 07:00 26 44.48 13.2 143 969.9 0 029 4 2019 08:00 28 44.53 14.2 171 968.6 0 029 4 2019 09:00 29 45.13 18.9 161 967.9 0 029 4 2019 10:00 30 44.85 28.6 181 967.9 0 029 4 2019 11:00 32 46.42 15.6 124 968.6 0 029 4 2019 12:00 33 45.56 12.3 125 968.8 0 029 4 2019 13:00 38 45.92 16.4 358 969.6 0 029 4 2019 14:00 40 46.86 13.2 114 969.9 0 029 4 2019 15:00 41 44.53 17.5 224 969.8 0 029 4 2019 16:00 42 43.62 15.2 225 969.5 0 029 4 2019 17:00 40 41.57 15.2 241 969.2 0 029 4 2019 18:00 38 42.75 14.1 265 968.7 0 029 4 2019 19:00 35 40.43 12.1 267 968.5 0 029 4 2019 20:00 33 41.46 13.8 275 968.5 0 029 4 2019 21:00 32 40.79 10.6 292 969 0 029 4 2019 22:00 31 41.55 10.6 294 970.3 0 029 4 2019 23:00 30 39.75 23.6 294 971.5 0 030 4 2019 00:00 29 37.43 23.5 112 973 0 030 4 2019 01:00 28 37.21 12.6 145 973.3 0 030 4 2019 02:00 26 35.89 14.5 190 973.4 0 030 4 2019 03:00 25 34.99 13.2 165 973 0 030 4 2019 04:00 24 40.32 15.2 117 972.7 0 030 4 2019 05:00 23 40.92 16.3 224 971.6 0 0

30 4 2019 06:00 25 42.92 25.3 115 970.8 0 030 4 2019 07:00 28 43.94 26.3 165 970 0 030 4 2019 08:00 30 43.99 24.5 138 969 0 030 4 2019 09:00 32 44.59 21.3 301 969.1 0 030 4 2019 10:00 33 44.31 26.3 157 968.9 0 030 4 2019 11:00 35 45.88 14.5 181 969.7 0 030 4 2019 12:00 36 45.02 18.9 129 970.4 0 030 4 2019 13:00 38 45.38 13.6 179 971.1 0 030 4 2019 14:00 40 46.32 15.2 310 971.1 0 030 4 2019 15:00 41 43.99 23.5 284 970.8 0 030 4 2019 16:00 42 43.08 15.2 275 970.6 0 030 4 2019 17:00 40 41.03 22.4 275 969.8 0 030 4 2019 18:00 39 42.21 16.3 274 969.5 0 030 4 2019 19:00 38 39.89 14.5 274 969.2 0 030 4 2019 20:00 35 40.92 23.6 315 969.8 0 030 4 2019 21:00 33 40.25 24.5 174 969.9 0 030 4 2019 22:00 32 41.01 15.6 316 970.9 0 030 4 2019 23:00 31 39.21 11.5 322 972 0 01 5 2019 00:00 30 36.93 23.6 120 973.1 0 01 5 2019 01:00 29 36.71 14.6 134 973.6 0 01 5 2019 02:00 28 35.39 23.6 153 973.7 0 01 5 2019 03:00 27 34.49 13.6 132 973.1 0 01 5 2019 04:00 26 39.82 17.5 112 973 0 01 5 2019 05:00 25 40.42 12.3 130 971.8 0 01 5 2019 06:00 24 42.42 25.3 326 970.8 0 01 5 2019 07:00 29 43.44 21.3 346 970 0 01 5 2019 08:00 30 43.49 13.2 324 969.6 0 01 5 2019 09:00 32 44.09 25.3 227 968.9 0 01 5 2019 10:00 33 43.81 15.6 257 968.8 0 01 5 2019 11:00 35 45.38 17.5 229 969.3 0 01 5 2019 12:00 36 44.52 12.3 172 969.9 0 01 5 2019 13:00 38 44.88 26.3 134 970.8 0 01 5 2019 14:00 40 45.82 15.6 134 971.1 0 01 5 2019 15:00 41 43.49 12.3 186 971 0 01 5 2019 16:00 42 42.58 17.9 269 970.8 0 01 5 2019 17:00 40 40.53 16.2 336 969.7 0 01 5 2019 18:00 38 41.71 14.6 223 969.5 0 01 5 2019 19:00 35 39.39 17.6 238 969.5 0 01 5 2019 20:00 33 40.42 13.5 242 969.8 0 01 5 2019 21:00 32 39.75 13.7 331 970.1 0 01 5 2019 22:00 31 40.51 14.2 185 970.9 0 01 5 2019 23:00 30 38.71 16.3 178 972.7 0 02 5 2019 00:00 29 36.49 10.6 335 973.9 0 02 5 2019 01:00 28 36.27 12.3 333 975 0 02 5 2019 02:00 27 34.95 15.6 340 975 0 02 5 2019 03:00 26 34.05 11.2 338 974.1 0 02 5 2019 04:00 25 39.38 10.8 271 973.7 0 02 5 2019 05:00 24 39.98 14.3 304 972.8 0 02 5 2019 06:00 25 41.98 15.4 115 971.6 0 02 5 2019 07:00 27 43 13.2 121 970.8 0 02 5 2019 08:00 30 43.05 21.3 162 970.9 0 02 5 2019 09:00 31 43.65 13.9 132 970.8 0 02 5 2019 10:00 33 43.37 15.6 139 970.9 0 02 5 2019 11:00 35 44.94 13.4 132 970.8 0 02 5 2019 12:00 38 44.08 12.8 150 971.8 0 02 5 2019 13:00 40 44.44 15.3 154 972.2 0 02 5 2019 14:00 41 45.38 14.2 154 973.2 0 02 5 2019 15:00 42 43.05 16.3 183 973 0 02 5 2019 16:00 39 42.14 14.2 254 972.3 0 02 5 2019 17:00 38 40.09 18.3 301 971.9 0 02 5 2019 18:00 36 41.27 18.2 112 970.9 0 02 5 2019 19:00 35 38.95 13.7 238 971.2 0 02 5 2019 20:00 33 39.98 17.5 177 971.7 0 02 5 2019 21:00 32 39.31 13.6 201 971.8 0 02 5 2019 22:00 31 40.07 10.7 185 972.4 0 02 5 2019 23:00 30 38.27 11.2 287 973.7 0 03 5 2019 00:00 29 35.99 10.6 285 975.3 0 03 5 2019 01:00 28 35.77 16.2 178 975.3 0 03 5 2019 02:00 27 34.45 11.4 167 975.6 0 03 5 2019 03:00 26 33.55 13.6 201 975 0 03 5 2019 04:00 25 38.88 13.5 136 974.3 0 03 5 2019 05:00 24 39.48 12.8 185 973.5 0 03 5 2019 06:00 25 41.48 14.5 118 972.9 0 03 5 2019 07:00 27 42.5 13.2 165 972.2 0 03 5 2019 08:00 29 42.55 16.2 148 971.9 0 03 5 2019 09:00 30 43.15 11.4 188 971.1 0 03 5 2019 10:00 35 42.87 16.3 185 971.2 0 03 5 2019 11:00 36 44.44 16.3 171 971.7 0 03 5 2019 12:00 38 43.58 17.4 172 972.4 0 03 5 2019 13:00 39 43.94 16.1 135 973.2 0 0

3 5 2019 14:00 40 44.88 17.5 270 973 0 03 5 2019 15:00 41 42.55 15.3 291 973.2 0 03 5 2019 16:00 42 41.64 14.5 147 973 0 03 5 2019 17:00 40 39.59 13.2 185 972.3 0 03 5 2019 18:00 39 40.77 17.2 128 971.8 0 03 5 2019 19:00 38 38.45 15.8 172 971.9 0 03 5 2019 20:00 37 39.48 10.5 113 971.9 0 03 5 2019 21:00 35 38.81 23.5 148 972.8 0 03 5 2019 22:00 33 39.57 21.5 249 973.3 0 03 5 2019 23:00 32 37.77 13.2 110 974.2 0 04 5 2019 00:00 31 35.95 12.3 276 975.5 0 04 5 2019 01:00 30 35.73 10.6 255 976 0 04 5 2019 02:00 29 34.41 10.5 243 976 0 04 5 2019 03:00 28 33.51 15.8 187 975.4 0 04 5 2019 04:00 27 38.84 17.6 173 974.5 0 04 5 2019 05:00 26 39.44 13.5 286 973.4 0 04 5 2019 06:00 25 41.44 12.5 313 972.6 0 04 5 2019 07:00 28 42.46 24.6 276 971.9 0 04 5 2019 08:00 30 42.51 23.5 341 971.1 0 04 5 2019 09:00 33 43.11 24.5 316 970.2 0 04 5 2019 10:00 35 42.83 25.3 317 970.5 0 04 5 2019 11:00 36 44.4 15.6 206 970.8 0 04 5 2019 12:00 38 43.54 24.3 250 970.9 0 04 5 2019 13:00 39 43.9 16.3 116 971.5 0 04 5 2019 14:00 40 44.84 15.6 275 971.9 0 04 5 2019 15:00 41 42.51 16.3 201 971.6 0 04 5 2019 16:00 40 41.6 15.2 183 970.8 0 04 5 2019 17:00 38 39.55 14.7 171 970.7 0 04 5 2019 18:00 35 40.73 13.2 188 970.3 0 04 5 2019 19:00 33 38.41 14.1 297 970 0 04 5 2019 20:00 32 39.44 16.3 242 970.8 0 04 5 2019 21:00 31 38.77 25.3 170 971 0 04 5 2019 22:00 30 39.53 17.8 264 972.1 0 04 5 2019 23:00 29 37.73 16.3 158 973.2 0 05 5 2019 00:00 28 35.45 14.5 183 973.9 0 05 5 2019 01:00 27 35.23 13.9 157 975.4 0 05 5 2019 02:00 26 33.91 14.2 261 975.3 0 05 5 2019 03:00 25 33.01 12.3 177 974.6 0 05 5 2019 04:00 24 38.34 10.3 288 974.4 0 05 5 2019 05:00 23 38.94 14.5 197 973.3 0 05 5 2019 06:00 23 40.94 16.3 142 972.6 0 05 5 2019 07:00 27 41.96 13.2 328 972.2 0 05 5 2019 08:00 29 42.01 11.5 137 971 0 05 5 2019 09:00 36 42.61 10.5 100 970.6 0 05 5 2019 10:00 39 42.33 14.2 110 970.3 0 05 5 2019 11:00 40 43.9 10.6 336 970.9 0 05 5 2019 12:00 41 43.04 12.3 173 971 0 05 5 2019 13:00 42 43.4 13.2 210 971.9 0 05 5 2019 14:00 43 44.34 14.2 138 972 0 05 5 2019 15:00 44 42.01 15.6 156 972.1 0 05 5 2019 16:00 40 41.1 14.2 120 971.4 0 05 5 2019 17:00 39 39.05 23.2 280 971.2 0 05 5 2019 18:00 35 40.23 15.6 189 970.6 0 05 5 2019 19:00 33 37.91 24.8 336 971.5 0 05 5 2019 20:00 32 38.94 16.3 203 971.3 0 05 5 2019 21:00 31 38.27 17.4 174 971.9 0 05 5 2019 22:00 30 39.03 12.6 325 972.9 0 05 5 2019 23:00 29 37.23 13.6 153 973.1 0 06 5 2019 00:00 28 37.46 14.6 144 973.9 0 06 5 2019 01:00 27 37.24 14.6 184 974.3 0 06 5 2019 02:00 26 35.92 18.9 307 974.7 0 06 5 2019 03:00 25 35.02 10.2 343 974.2 0 06 5 2019 04:00 24 35.81 17.9 309 974 0 06 5 2019 05:00 23 37.34 16.9 154 973.3 0 06 5 2019 06:00 25 39.11 12.8 165 971.8 0 06 5 2019 07:00 28 39.34 14.5 167 971 0 06 5 2019 08:00 30 40.44 11.2 134 970.6 0 06 5 2019 09:00 33 40.66 23.5 156 970 0 06 5 2019 10:00 35 41.11 16.2 112 970 0 06 5 2019 11:00 36 41.44 14.2 311 970.8 0 06 5 2019 12:00 37 42 12.3 166 971.6 0 06 5 2019 13:00 39 42.23 13.2 262 972 0 06 5 2019 14:00 40 42.81 12.5 176 972.3 0 06 5 2019 15:00 41 43.03 18.6 158 972.1 0 06 5 2019 16:00 39 43.81 14.5 163 972.1 0 06 5 2019 17:00 38 41.06 14.6 246 971.4 0 06 5 2019 18:00 36 42.24 13.6 346 971.6 0 06 5 2019 19:00 35 39.92 13.7 155 972.6 0 06 5 2019 20:00 34 40.95 13.8 173 973.1 0 06 5 2019 21:00 33 40.28 15.2 154 973.2 0 0

6 5 2019 22:00 32 34 15.3 202 973.1 0 06 5 2019 23:00 31 31.82 14.2 204 974.1 0 07 5 2019 00:00 30 31.34 16.3 302 975.3 0 07 5 2019 01:00 29 30.84 10.6 305 976.3 0 07 5 2019 02:00 28 30 10.9 298 976 0 07 5 2019 03:00 27 29.81 16.5 143 975.8 0 07 5 2019 04:00 26 29.67 12.6 187 975.5 0 07 5 2019 05:00 25 34.03 24.6 125 974.5 0 07 5 2019 06:00 24 35.81 13.2 150 973.8 0 07 5 2019 07:00 26 40.14 21.5 284 972.7 0 07 5 2019 08:00 29 43.52 26.3 130 972 0 07 5 2019 09:00 30 44.12 23.6 138 971 0 07 5 2019 10:00 33 43.84 17.5 186 971.7 0 07 5 2019 11:00 35 45.41 14.5 167 972.3 0 07 5 2019 12:00 36 44.55 15.6 257 973 0 07 5 2019 13:00 39 44.91 1.2 126 973.4 0 07 5 2019 14:00 40 45.85 14.9 167 973.1 0 07 5 2019 15:00 41 43.52 16.5 189 973.6 0 07 5 2019 16:00 42 42.61 15.7 238 974 0 07 5 2019 17:00 39 40.56 15.4 315 974 0 07 5 2019 18:00 37 41.74 14.2 274 974.3 0 07 5 2019 19:00 35 39.42 14.3 158 973.8 0 07 5 2019 20:00 33 40.45 12.6 196 974.2 0 07 5 2019 21:00 32 39.78 12.5 108 974.2 0 07 5 2019 22:00 31 40.54 10.9 198 975 0 07 5 2019 23:00 30 38.74 12.3 174 976.1 0 08 5 2019 00:00 29 36.92 14.2 181 977.4 0 08 5 2019 01:00 28 36.7 15.6 154 977.6 0 08 5 2019 02:00 27 35.38 16.3 218 977.6 0 08 5 2019 03:00 26 34.48 18.6 228 977.7 0 08 5 2019 04:00 25 39.81 12.5 161 976.4 0 08 5 2019 05:00 24 40.41 13.2 190 975.7 0 08 5 2019 06:00 26 42.41 12.5 172 975 0 08 5 2019 07:00 29 43.43 15.2 168 974.2 0 08 5 2019 08:00 30 43.48 15.4 318 973.4 0 08 5 2019 09:00 33 44.08 16.2 281 973.1 0 08 5 2019 10:00 35 43.8 10.6 332 973 0 08 5 2019 11:00 37 45.37 10.6 326 973.1 0 08 5 2019 12:00 39 44.51 23.6 325 973.2 0 08 5 2019 13:00 40 44.87 23.5 199 973.7 0 08 5 2019 14:00 41 45.81 12.6 276 974.2 0 08 5 2019 15:00 42 43.48 14.5 276 974.1 0 08 5 2019 16:00 40 42.57 13.2 282 973.9 0 08 5 2019 17:00 39 40.52 15.2 282 973.2 0 08 5 2019 18:00 37 41.7 16.3 114 973.1 0 08 5 2019 19:00 35 39.38 25.3 216 973.2 0 08 5 2019 20:00 33 40.41 26.3 193 973.3 0 08 5 2019 21:00 32 39.74 24.5 199 973.4 0 08 5 2019 22:00 31 40.5 21.3 197 974.4 0 08 5 2019 23:00 33 38.7 26.3 161 975.4 0 09 5 2019 00:00 32 36.42 14.5 221 976.4 0 09 5 2019 01:00 31 36.2 18.9 264 977.2 0 09 5 2019 02:00 30 34.88 13.6 165 977.5 0 09 5 2019 03:00 29 33.98 15.2 181 976.8 0 09 5 2019 04:00 28 39.31 23.5 230 976.2 0 09 5 2019 05:00 27 39.91 15.2 312 975.2 0 09 5 2019 06:00 26 41.91 22.4 184 974.3 0 09 5 2019 07:00 29 42.93 16.3 101 973.3 0 09 5 2019 08:00 30 42.98 14.5 153 972.1 0 09 5 2019 09:00 32 43.58 23.6 113 971.8 0 09 5 2019 10:00 33 43.3 24.5 145 972 0 09 5 2019 11:00 35 44.87 15.6 330 972 0 09 5 2019 12:00 36 44.01 11.5 227 972.9 0 09 5 2019 13:00 39 44.37 23.6 152 973.3 0 09 5 2019 14:00 40 45.31 14.6 289 973.7 0 09 5 2019 15:00 41 42.98 23.6 231 973.6 0 09 5 2019 16:00 42 42.07 13.6 155 973.1 0 09 5 2019 17:00 39 40.02 17.5 101 971.9 0 09 5 2019 18:00 38 41.2 12.3 210 972 0 09 5 2019 19:00 35 38.88 25.3 193 971.3 0 09 5 2019 20:00 33 39.91 21.3 164 971.8 0 09 5 2019 21:00 32 39.24 13.2 183 973 0 09 5 2019 22:00 31 40 25.3 161 973.5 0 09 5 2019 23:00 30 38.2 15.6 151 975 0 0

10 5 2019 00:00 29 36.57 17.5 193 976.2 0 010 5 2019 01:00 28 36.35 12.3 147 976.5 0 010 5 2019 02:00 27 35.03 26.3 131 977.4 0 010 5 2019 03:00 26 34.13 15.6 263 977.1 0 010 5 2019 04:00 25 34.92 12.3 183 976.1 0 010 5 2019 05:00 24 36.45 17.9 153 975 0 0

10 5 2019 06:00 26 38.22 16.2 154 974.1 0 010 5 2019 07:00 29 38.45 14.6 134 973.3 0 010 5 2019 08:00 30 39.55 17.6 133 972 0 010 5 2019 09:00 35 39.77 13.5 339 972 0 010 5 2019 10:00 36 40.22 13.7 176 972 0 010 5 2019 11:00 39 40.55 14.2 132 972 0 010 5 2019 12:00 40 41.11 16.3 146 972.8 0 010 5 2019 13:00 41 41.34 10.6 176 973.2 0 010 5 2019 14:00 42 41.92 12.3 165 973.2 0 010 5 2019 15:00 43 42.14 15.6 175 973 0 010 5 2019 16:00 40 42.92 11.2 110 973 0 010 5 2019 17:00 39 40.17 10.8 138 972 0 010 5 2019 18:00 37 41.35 14.3 171 972 0 010 5 2019 19:00 35 39.03 15.4 245 972 0 010 5 2019 20:00 33 40.06 13.2 141 971.8 0 010 5 2019 21:00 32 39.39 21.3 290 972 0 010 5 2019 22:00 31 33.11 13.9 267 972.7 0 010 5 2019 23:00 30 30.93 15.6 304 973.9 0 011 5 2019 00:00 29 30.45 13.4 228 975.1 0 011 5 2019 01:00 28 29.95 12.8 244 975.9 0 011 5 2019 02:00 27 29.11 15.3 282 975.9 0 011 5 2019 03:00 26 28.92 14.2 163 975.5 0 011 5 2019 04:00 25 28.78 16.3 266 974.7 0 011 5 2019 05:00 24 33.14 14.2 163 974 0 011 5 2019 06:00 26 34.92 18.3 164 973.1 0 011 5 2019 07:00 29 39.25 18.2 151 971.9 0 011 5 2019 08:00 30 42.63 13.7 305 971.2 0 011 5 2019 09:00 32 43.23 17.5 119 971 0 011 5 2019 10:00 33 42.95 13.6 171 971 0 011 5 2019 11:00 34 44.52 10.7 110 971.1 0 011 5 2019 12:00 36 43.66 11.2 132 971.6 0 011 5 2019 13:00 37 44.02 10.6 177 973 0 011 5 2019 14:00 39 44.96 16.2 169 973.1 0 011 5 2019 15:00 40 42.63 11.4 168 973.2 0 011 5 2019 16:00 41 41.72 13.6 268 973.1 0 011 5 2019 17:00 39 39.67 13.5 182 973.4 0 011 5 2019 18:00 35 40.85 12.8 174 973.1 0 011 5 2019 19:00 33 38.53 14.5 156 972 0 011 5 2019 20:00 32 39.56 13.2 161 972.4 0 011 5 2019 21:00 31 38.89 16.2 191 973.2 0 011 5 2019 22:00 30 39.65 11.4 188 974 0 011 5 2019 23:00 29 37.85 16.3 276 975.2 0 012 5 2019 00:00 28 36.03 16.3 295 976.5 0 012 5 2019 01:00 27 35.81 17.4 162 977 0 012 5 2019 02:00 26 34.49 16.1 172 976.9 0 012 5 2019 03:00 25 33.59 17.5 185 977 0 012 5 2019 04:00 24 38.92 15.3 124 976.5 0 012 5 2019 05:00 23 39.52 14.5 172 975.3 0 012 5 2019 06:00 26 41.52 13.2 185 973.9 0 012 5 2019 07:00 28 42.54 17.2 199 972.4 0 012 5 2019 08:00 29 42.59 15.8 156 971.9 0 012 5 2019 09:00 30 43.19 10.5 199 970.9 0 012 5 2019 10:00 33 42.91 23.5 316 971.9 0 012 5 2019 11:00 35 44.48 21.5 141 974 0 012 5 2019 12:00 38 43.62 13.2 307 973.3 0 012 5 2019 13:00 39 43.98 12.3 172 973.1 0 012 5 2019 14:00 40 44.92 10.6 229 974.4 0 012 5 2019 15:00 41 42.59 10.5 235 974.9 0 012 5 2019 16:00 42 41.68 15.8 149 975.2 0 012 5 2019 17:00 40 39.63 17.6 113 975.4 0 012 5 2019 18:00 39 40.81 13.5 155 974.8 0 012 5 2019 19:00 38 38.49 12.5 137 975.3 0 012 5 2019 20:00 37 39.52 24.6 154 974.1 0 012 5 2019 21:00 35 38.85 23.5 124 974.2 0 012 5 2019 22:00 33 39.61 24.5 280 975.2 0 012 5 2019 23:00 32 37.81 25.3 265 976.3 0 013 5 2019 00:00 31 35.53 15.6 132 977.4 0 013 5 2019 01:00 30 35.31 24.3 284 978.3 0 013 5 2019 02:00 29 33.99 16.3 133 977.4 0 013 5 2019 03:00 28 33.09 15.6 135 977.4 0 013 5 2019 04:00 26 38.42 16.3 116 976.1 0 013 5 2019 05:00 25 39.02 15.2 120 975.3 0 013 5 2019 06:00 29 41.02 14.7 108 973.8 0 013 5 2019 07:00 30 42.04 13.2 274 972.8 0 013 5 2019 08:00 32 42.09 14.1 166 971.9 0 013 5 2019 09:00 33 42.69 16.3 165 972.5 0 013 5 2019 10:00 36 42.41 25.3 171 971.9 0 013 5 2019 11:00 39 43.98 17.8 147 972.1 0 013 5 2019 12:00 40 43.12 16.3 343 973.2 0 013 5 2019 13:00 41 43.48 14.5 194 973.1 0 0

13 5 2019 14:00 42 44.42 13.9 223 973.1 0 013 5 2019 15:00 40 42.09 14.2 123 973.1 0 013 5 2019 16:00 39 41.18 12.3 146 972.2 0 013 5 2019 17:00 38 39.13 10.3 298 971.7 0 013 5 2019 18:00 35 40.31 14.5 136 972.3 0 013 5 2019 19:00 33 37.99 16.3 188 972 0 013 5 2019 20:00 32 39.02 13.2 158 972.1 0 013 5 2019 21:00 31 38.35 11.5 318 973.1 0 013 5 2019 22:00 30 39.11 10.5 301 972.8 0 013 5 2019 23:00 29 37.31 14.2 213 974.2 0 014 5 2019 00:00 28 35.7 10.6 142 975.3 0 014 5 2019 01:00 27 35.48 12.3 331 976.3 0 014 5 2019 02:00 26 34.16 13.2 157 976.3 0 014 5 2019 03:00 25 33.26 14.2 132 975.6 0 014 5 2019 04:00 24 34.05 15.6 119 974.7 0 014 5 2019 05:00 23 35.58 14.2 156 973.5 0 014 5 2019 06:00 28 37.35 23.2 131 972.9 0 014 5 2019 07:00 30 37.58 15.6 301 971.7 0 014 5 2019 08:00 33 38.68 24.8 166 970.3 0 014 5 2019 09:00 36 38.9 16.3 115 970.2 0 014 5 2019 10:00 38 39.35 17.4 314 969.1 0 014 5 2019 11:00 39 39.68 12.6 174 969.8 0 014 5 2019 12:00 40 40.24 13.6 114 970.1 0 014 5 2019 13:00 41 40.47 14.6 205 971 0 014 5 2019 14:00 42 41.05 14.6 160 971.1 0 014 5 2019 15:00 43 41.27 18.9 121 971.1 0 014 5 2019 16:00 4 42.05 10.2 276 971 0 014 5 2019 17:00 39 39.3 17.9 203 970.7 0 014 5 2019 18:00 38 40.48 16.9 277 969.9 0 014 5 2019 19:00 35 38.16 12.8 318 969.9 0 014 5 2019 20:00 33 39.19 14.5 172 969.9 0 014 5 2019 21:00 32 38.52 11.2 174 970.5 0 014 5 2019 22:00 31 32.24 23.5 179 970.9 0 014 5 2019 23:00 30 30.06 16.2 151 972.3 0 015 5 2019 00:00 29 29.58 14.2 181 973.7 0 015 5 2019 01:00 28 29.08 12.3 222 974.3 0 015 5 2019 02:00 27 28.24 13.2 174 974.3 0 015 5 2019 03:00 26 28.05 12.5 103 973.6 0 015 5 2019 04:00 25 27.91 18.6 115 973.1 0 015 5 2019 05:00 24 32.27 14.5 178 972.9 0 015 5 2019 06:00 26 34.05 14.6 129 972 0 015 5 2019 07:00 28 38.38 13.6 194 970.6 0 015 5 2019 08:00 30 41.76 13.7 118 969.7 0 015 5 2019 09:00 33 42.36 13.8 140 968.9 0 015 5 2019 10:00 35 42.08 15.2 190 969.7 0 015 5 2019 11:00 38 43.65 15.3 141 969.8 0 015 5 2019 12:00 39 42.79 14.2 218 970.9 0 015 5 2019 13:00 40 43.15 16.3 225 971.8 0 015 5 2019 14:00 41 44.09 10.6 154 972 0 015 5 2019 15:00 42 41.76 10.9 174 972.9 0 015 5 2019 16:00 40 40.85 16.5 195 972.9 0 015 5 2019 17:00 39 38.8 12.6 332 973 0 015 5 2019 18:00 38 39.98 24.6 111 973.4 0 015 5 2019 19:00 35 37.66 13.2 132 971.9 0 015 5 2019 20:00 36 38.69 21.5 124 973.1 0 015 5 2019 21:00 35 38.02 26.3 325 973.2 0 015 5 2019 22:00 34 38.78 23.6 327 973.6 0 015 5 2019 23:00 33 36.98 17.5 113 974.3 0 016 5 2019 00:00 32 35.16 14.5 217 975 0 016 5 2019 01:00 31 34.94 15.6 132 975.8 0 016 5 2019 02:00 30 33.62 1.2 164 976.5 0 016 5 2019 03:00 29 32.72 14.9 319 976.2 0 016 5 2019 04:00 28 38.05 16.5 124 975.4 0 016 5 2019 05:00 27 38.65 15.7 156 974.3 0 016 5 2019 06:00 26 40.65 15.4 116 973.3 0 016 5 2019 07:00 29 41.67 14.2 129 972.4 0 016 5 2019 08:00 30 41.72 14.3 162 971.7 0 016 5 2019 09:00 32 42.32 12.6 135 971.3 0 016 5 2019 10:00 33 42.04 12.5 324 971.7 0 016 5 2019 11:00 36 43.61 10.9 226 971.9 0 016 5 2019 12:00 39 42.75 12.3 223 972.1 0 016 5 2019 13:00 40 43.11 14.2 111 972.2 0 016 5 2019 14:00 41 44.05 15.6 210 972.7 0 016 5 2019 15:00 42 41.72 16.3 201 972.6 0 016 5 2019 16:00 40 40.81 18.6 147 971.9 0 016 5 2019 17:00 39 38.76 12.5 181 972.2 0 016 5 2019 18:00 38 39.94 12.2 142 970.8 0 016 5 2019 19:00 36 37.62 12.3 152 971 0 016 5 2019 20:00 35 38.65 15.3 270 971.6 0 016 5 2019 21:00 34 37.98 15.4 148 972 0 0

16 5 2019 22:00 33 38.74 16.2 152 972.7 0 016 5 2019 23:00 32 36.94 12.9 127 973.9 0 017 5 2019 00:00 31 34.66 10.7 324 975.2 0 017 5 2019 01:00 30 34.44 10.6 132 975.6 0 017 5 2019 02:00 29 33.12 12.7 133 975.4 0 017 5 2019 03:00 28 32.22 14.1 342 975.4 0 017 5 2019 04:00 27 37.55 17.6 115 974.4 0 017 5 2019 05:00 26 38.15 15.6 288 974.1 0 017 5 2019 06:00 25 40.15 12.3 169 973 0 017 5 2019 07:00 24 41.17 11.5 137 972.5 0 017 5 2019 08:00 28 41.22 17.6 132 970.8 0 017 5 2019 09:00 29 41.82 12.3 143 971.7 0 017 5 2019 10:00 30 41.54 13.2 112 972 0 017 5 2019 11:00 32 43.11 16.5 310 971.6 0 017 5 2019 12:00 36 42.25 13.7 205 972.1 0 017 5 2019 13:00 38 42.61 16.9 335 973.7 0 017 5 2019 14:00 40 43.55 13.2 317 975 0 017 5 2019 15:00 41 41.22 15.2 167 974.9 0 017 5 2019 16:00 42 40.31 16.3 346 974.3 0 017 5 2019 17:00 40 38.26 14.6 153 973.1 0 017 5 2019 18:00 39 39.44 14.5 308 973.3 0 017 5 2019 19:00 38 37.12 10.9 271 973 0 017 5 2019 20:00 35 38.15 16.6 331 973.2 0 017 5 2019 21:00 34 37.48 15.2 214 973.6 0 017 5 2019 22:00 33 38.24 16.9 181 974.3 0 017 5 2019 23:00 32 36.44 10.7 121 975.3 0 018 5 2019 00:00 32 34.88 13.6 122 976.1 0 018 5 2019 01:00 31 34.66 13.2 342 977.2 0 018 5 2019 02:00 31 33.34 12.3 151 976.9 0 018 5 2019 03:00 30 32.44 15.2 108 976.2 0 018 5 2019 04:00 29 33.23 15.6 339 975.5 0 018 5 2019 05:00 28 34.76 15.4 112 974.5 0 018 5 2019 06:00 27 36.53 10.9 158 973.3 0 018 5 2019 07:00 29 36.76 11.2 218 972.8 0 018 5 2019 08:00 30 37.86 13.2 148 971 0 018 5 2019 09:00 32 38.08 17.8 198 970.6 0 018 5 2019 10:00 33 38.53 13.6 115 970.4 0 018 5 2019 11:00 35 38.86 12.8 156 970.6 0 018 5 2019 12:00 38 39.42 12.1 267 971.1 0 018 5 2019 13:00 39 39.65 10.2 114 971.4 0 018 5 2019 14:00 40 40.23 12.6 113 971.5 0 018 5 2019 15:00 41 40.45 12.5 149 971.7 0 018 5 2019 16:00 42 41.23 12.9 135 971 0 018 5 2019 17:00 40 38.48 10.6 186 970.8 0 018 5 2019 18:00 39 39.66 16.3 240 970.9 0 018 5 2019 19:00 37 37.34 19.6 147 970.3 0 018 5 2019 20:00 35 38.37 17.3 180 970.7 0 018 5 2019 21:00 33 37.7 12.3 150 970.9 0 018 5 2019 22:00 32 31.42 16.3 165 972 0 018 5 2019 23:00 31 29.24 14.3 165 973 0 019 5 2019 00:00 30 28.76 12.3 162 973.5 0 019 5 2019 01:00 29 28.26 14.8 129 974.1 0 019 5 2019 02:00 28 27.42 15.2 125 974.3 0 019 5 2019 03:00 27 27.23 14.6 145 973.3 0 019 5 2019 04:00 26 27.09 14.7 130 972.4 0 019 5 2019 05:00 25 31.45 13.2 165 971.8 0 019 5 2019 06:00 27 33.23 14.2 177 970.8 0 019 5 2019 07:00 30 37.56 12.3 144 969 0 019 5 2019 08:00 32 40.94 15.6 328 968.1 0 019 5 2019 09:00 33 41.54 15.2 167 967.4 0 019 5 2019 10:00 36 41.26 21.3 173 967.6 0 019 5 2019 11:00 38 42.83 23.6 178 967.5 0 019 5 2019 12:00 39 41.97 14.6 182 967.5 0 019 5 2019 13:00 40 42.33 18.6 110 968.9 0 019 5 2019 14:00 41 43.27 16.9 157 969.3 0 019 5 2019 15:00 42 40.94 17.5 323 970 0 019 5 2019 16:00 39 40.03 14.2 272 969.6 0 019 5 2019 17:00 38 37.98 13.8 332 969.1 0 019 5 2019 18:00 36 39.16 12.9 162 968.7 0 019 5 2019 19:00 34 36.84 13.9 125 968.7 0 019 5 2019 20:00 32 37.87 14.9 266 968.5 0 019 5 2019 21:00 33 37.2 16.3 187 968.6 0 019 5 2019 22:00 30 37.96 17.6 179 969.9 0 019 5 2019 23:00 29 36.16 16.3 176 970.8 0 020 5 2019 00:00 28 34.34 12.3 143 971.8 0 020 5 2019 01:00 27 34.12 10.5 179 972.1 0 020 5 2019 02:00 26 32.8 13.5 149 971.9 0 020 5 2019 03:00 25 31.9 15.2 179 971.4 0 020 5 2019 04:00 25 37.23 15.4 108 970.7 0 020 5 2019 05:00 24 37.83 17.5 121 969.6 0 0

20 5 2019 06:00 26 39.83 16.3 336 968.8 0 020 5 2019 07:00 29 40.85 15.8 178 967.9 0 020 5 2019 08:00 30 40.9 12.1 173 967.1 0 020 5 2019 09:00 33 41.5 13.6 160 966.5 0 020 5 2019 10:00 35 41.22 14.4 134 966.4 0 020 5 2019 11:00 38 42.79 15.7 133 966.5 0 020 5 2019 12:00 39 41.93 15.6 134 966.8 0 020 5 2019 13:00 40 42.29 17.2 155 967.7 0 020 5 2019 14:00 41 43.23 16.4 166 967.7 0 020 5 2019 15:00 42 40.9 15.2 247 967.7 0 020 5 2019 16:00 39 39.99 15.6 155 967.6 0 020 5 2019 17:00 37 37.94 16.4 165 967.3 0 020 5 2019 18:00 35 39.12 15.3 124 966.7 0 020 5 2019 19:00 33 36.8 13.2 249 966.6 0 020 5 2019 20:00 32 37.83 12.1 268 966.7 0 020 5 2019 21:00 31 37.16 12.3 300 966.6 0 020 5 2019 22:00 30 37.92 19.2 163 967.1 0 020 5 2019 23:00 29 36.12 12.2 341 967.9 0 021 5 2019 00:00 28 33.84 15.2 166 968.6 0 021 5 2019 01:00 27 33.62 13.2 152 969.1 0 021 5 2019 02:00 26 32.3 16.5 162 969.5 0 021 5 2019 03:00 25 31.4 10.6 274 969.4 0 021 5 2019 04:00 24 36.73 13.6 108 968.5 0 021 5 2019 05:00 26 37.33 17.6 270 967.7 0 021 5 2019 06:00 27 39.33 15.9 102 966.9 0 021 5 2019 07:00 29 40.35 10.2 103 965.7 0 021 5 2019 08:00 30 40.4 13.2 193 965.1 0 021 5 2019 09:00 33 41 12.5 148 964.4 0 021 5 2019 10:00 35 40.72 12.4 212 964.6 0 021 5 2019 11:00 37 42.29 14.2 118 964.5 0 021 5 2019 12:00 38 41.43 17.2 118 965.2 0 021 5 2019 13:00 39 41.79 16.5 306 965.9 0 021 5 2019 14:00 40 42.73 15.3 305 966 0 021 5 2019 15:00 41 40.4 16.3 306 965.7 0 021 5 2019 16:00 42 39.49 14.2 273 965.4 0 021 5 2019 17:00 40 37.44 14.6 156 965 0 021 5 2019 18:00 39 38.62 16.7 334 965.1 0 021 5 2019 19:00 38 36.3 17.2 113 965.2 0 021 5 2019 20:00 35 37.33 13.6 151 965.5 0 021 5 2019 21:00 34 36.66 14.2 326 966.3 0 021 5 2019 22:00 33 37.42 15.6 119 966.9 0 021 5 2019 23:00 32 35.62 12.5 287 968.2 0 022 5 2019 00:00 31 35.83 13.2 277 968.8 0 022 5 2019 01:00 30 35.61 12.3 182 969.1 0 022 5 2019 02:00 29 34.29 16.3 101 968.9 0 022 5 2019 03:00 28 33.39 13.2 194 968.5 0 022 5 2019 04:00 27 34.18 15.6 122 967.9 0 022 5 2019 05:00 26 35.71 14.6 198 967.5 0 022 5 2019 06:00 25 37.48 13.2 120 966.1 0 022 5 2019 07:00 28 37.71 17.5 133 965.2 0 022 5 2019 08:00 29 38.81 11.3 123 964.1 0 022 5 2019 09:00 30 39.03 12.7 135 963.5 0 022 5 2019 10:00 33 39.48 15.2 151 964.2 0 022 5 2019 11:00 35 39.81 17.5 152 964.5 0 022 5 2019 12:00 36 40.37 12.3 136 965.2 0 022 5 2019 13:00 38 40.6 25.3 154 965.7 0 022 5 2019 14:00 39 41.18 21.3 307 966.5 0 022 5 2019 15:00 40 41.4 13.2 306 966.6 0 022 5 2019 16:00 41 42.18 25.3 307 965.5 0 022 5 2019 17:00 42 39.43 15.6 274 965.1 0 022 5 2019 18:00 40 40.61 17.5 125 964.9 0 022 5 2019 19:00 39 38.29 12.3 124 965.1 0 022 5 2019 20:00 38 39.32 26.3 153 965.3 0 022 5 2019 21:00 35 38.65 15.6 278 965.7 0 022 5 2019 22:00 34 32.37 12.3 301 966.5 0 022 5 2019 23:00 33 30.19 17.9 275 967.8 0 023 5 2019 00:00 32 29.71 16.2 189 968.8 0 023 5 2019 01:00 31 29.21 14.6 178 969.2 0 023 5 2019 02:00 30 28.37 17.6 178 968.9 0 023 5 2019 03:00 29 28.18 13.5 170 968.4 0 023 5 2019 04:00 28 28.04 13.7 279 968.2 0 023 5 2019 05:00 27 32.4 14.2 183 967.6 0 023 5 2019 06:00 26 34.18 16.3 197 966.6 0 023 5 2019 07:00 28 38.51 10.6 171 965.3 0 023 5 2019 08:00 29 41.89 12.3 133 964.5 0 023 5 2019 09:00 30 42.49 15.6 135 964.3 0 023 5 2019 10:00 32 42.21 11.2 121 964.5 0 023 5 2019 11:00 34 43.78 10.8 134 965 0 023 5 2019 12:00 39 42.92 14.3 157 965.5 0 023 5 2019 13:00 40 43.28 15.4 155 966.3 0 0

23 5 2019 14:00 41 44.22 13.2 285 966.5 0 023 5 2019 15:00 42 41.89 21.3 290 966.5 0 023 5 2019 16:00 43 40.98 13.9 255 966.5 0 023 5 2019 17:00 42 38.93 15.6 209 966.6 0 023 5 2019 18:00 40 40.11 13.4 190 966.5 0 023 5 2019 19:00 39 37.79 12.8 191 966.7 0 023 5 2019 20:00 38 38.82 15.3 194 967.5 0 023 5 2019 21:00 37 38.15 14.2 230 967.6 0 023 5 2019 22:00 35 38.91 16.3 190 969 0 023 5 2019 23:00 34 37.11 14.2 160 970.2 0 024 5 2019 00:00 33 35.29 18.3 208 970.7 0 024 5 2019 01:00 32 35.07 18.2 168 970.8 0 024 5 2019 02:00 31 33.75 13.7 203 970.9 0 024 5 2019 03:00 30 32.85 17.5 225 970.4 0 024 5 2019 04:00 29 38.18 13.6 233 969.5 0 024 5 2019 05:00 28 38.78 10.7 191 969.3 0 024 5 2019 06:00 29 40.78 11.2 262 967.8 0 024 5 2019 07:00 30 41.8 10.6 147 967.6 0 024 5 2019 08:00 33 41.85 16.2 112 966.7 0 024 5 2019 09:00 35 42.45 11.4 121 966.1 0 024 5 2019 10:00 38 42.17 13.6 183 966.6 0 024 5 2019 11:00 39 43.74 13.5 176 967.6 0 024 5 2019 12:00 40 42.88 12.8 178 967.6 0 024 5 2019 13:00 41 43.24 14.5 189 968.3 0 024 5 2019 14:00 42 44.18 13.2 165 969.6 0 024 5 2019 15:00 43 41.85 16.2 166 969.7 0 024 5 2019 16:00 40 40.94 11.4 140 968.8 0 024 5 2019 17:00 39 38.89 16.3 207 968.8 0 024 5 2019 18:00 35 40.07 16.3 247 968.9 0 024 5 2019 19:00 34 37.75 17.4 237 969.2 0 024 5 2019 20:00 33 38.78 16.1 223 969.9 0 024 5 2019 21:00 32 38.11 17.5 292 970.7 0 024 5 2019 22:00 31 38.87 15.3 180 970.9 0 024 5 2019 23:00 30 37.07 14.5 164 971.9 0 025 5 2019 00:00 29 34.79 13.2 214 973 0 025 5 2019 01:00 28 34.57 17.2 203 973.1 0 025 5 2019 02:00 27 33.25 15.8 149 973.1 0 025 5 2019 03:00 26 32.35 10.5 228 972.8 0 025 5 2019 04:00 25 37.68 23.5 192 972 0 025 5 2019 05:00 24 38.28 21.5 204 971.3 0 025 5 2019 06:00 27 40.28 13.2 182 969.8 0 025 5 2019 07:00 29 41.3 12.3 312 969.6 0 025 5 2019 08:00 30 41.35 10.6 110 968.3 0 025 5 2019 09:00 33 41.95 10.5 329 967.9 0 025 5 2019 10:00 34 41.67 15.8 145 967.7 0 025 5 2019 11:00 36 43.24 17.6 173 967.6 0 025 5 2019 12:00 38 42.38 13.5 201 968.9 0 025 5 2019 13:00 39 42.74 12.5 192 970 0 025 5 2019 14:00 40 43.68 24.6 173 969.8 0 025 5 2019 15:00 41 41.35 23.5 201 969.8 0 025 5 2019 16:00 42 40.44 24.5 154 969.4 0 025 5 2019 17:00 40 38.39 25.3 185 969.1 0 025 5 2019 18:00 39 39.57 15.6 222 969 0 025 5 2019 19:00 38 37.25 24.3 244 968.8 0 025 5 2019 20:00 37 38.28 16.3 214 968.7 0 025 5 2019 21:00 35 37.61 15.6 158 968.9 0 025 5 2019 22:00 33 38.37 16.3 225 969.3 0 025 5 2019 23:00 32 36.57 15.2 232 970.9 0 026 5 2019 00:00 31 36.32 14.7 254 971.7 0 026 5 2019 01:00 31 36.1 13.2 275 971.9 0 026 5 2019 02:00 30 34.78 14.1 217 971.9 0 026 5 2019 03:00 29 33.88 16.3 289 971.4 0 026 5 2019 04:00 29 34.67 25.3 244 970.9 0 026 5 2019 05:00 28 36.2 17.8 238 969 0 026 5 2019 06:00 27 37.97 16.3 338 968 0 026 5 2019 07:00 29 38.2 14.5 321 966.7 0 026 5 2019 08:00 30 39.3 13.9 278 965.7 0 026 5 2019 09:00 32 39.52 14.2 293 965.5 0 026 5 2019 10:00 34 39.97 12.3 336 965.9 0 026 5 2019 11:00 36 40.3 10.3 149 966.5 0 026 5 2019 12:00 39 40.86 14.5 206 965.5 0 026 5 2019 13:00 40 41.09 16.3 239 970.3 0 026 5 2019 14:00 41 41.67 13.2 248 970.7 0 026 5 2019 15:00 42 41.89 11.5 303 970.8 0 026 5 2019 16:00 40 42.67 10.5 222 969.5 0 026 5 2019 17:00 39 39.92 14.2 316 968.9 0 026 5 2019 18:00 38 41.1 10.6 117 967.5 0 026 5 2019 19:00 37 38.78 12.3 137 967.5 0 026 5 2019 20:00 36 39.81 13.2 227 967.5 0 026 5 2019 21:00 33 39.14 14.2 190 967.4 0 0

26 5 2019 22:00 32 32.86 15.6 158 968.2 0 026 5 2019 23:00 31 30.68 14.2 138 968.8 0 027 5 2019 00:00 30 30.2 23.2 147 969.3 0 027 5 2019 01:00 29 29.7 15.6 154 969.8 0 027 5 2019 02:00 28 28.86 24.8 229 969.8 0 027 5 2019 03:00 27 28.67 16.3 233 969.8 0 027 5 2019 04:00 26 28.53 17.4 218 968.7 0 027 5 2019 05:00 25 32.89 12.6 215 968.6 0 027 5 2019 06:00 24 34.67 13.6 170 968.9 0 027 5 2019 07:00 29 39 14.6 201 968.8 0 027 5 2019 08:00 30 42.38 14.6 207 969.1 0 027 5 2019 09:00 32 42.98 18.9 190 969.8 0 027 5 2019 10:00 36 42.7 10.2 188 970.8 0 027 5 2019 11:00 37 44.27 17.9 325 971.2 0 027 5 2019 12:00 39 43.41 16.9 139 972 0 027 5 2019 13:00 40 43.77 12.8 161 971.7 0 027 5 2019 14:00 41 44.71 14.5 188 970.9 0 027 5 2019 15:00 42 42.38 11.2 123 970.4 0 027 5 2019 16:00 40 41.47 23.5 186 969.1 0 027 5 2019 17:00 39 39.42 16.2 186 968 0 027 5 2019 18:00 34 40.6 14.2 173 966.9 0 027 5 2019 19:00 33 38.28 12.3 171 966.4 0 027 5 2019 20:00 32 39.31 13.2 187 966.8 0 027 5 2019 21:00 31 38.64 12.5 190 967.6 0 027 5 2019 22:00 30 39.4 18.6 205 967.8 0 027 5 2019 23:00 29 37.6 14.5 199 967.9 0 028 5 2019 00:00 28 35.78 14.6 232 968.9 0 028 5 2019 01:00 27 35.56 13.6 203 969.3 0 028 5 2019 02:00 27 34.24 13.7 212 968.9 0 028 5 2019 03:00 26 33.34 13.8 144 968.7 0 028 5 2019 04:00 25 38.67 15.2 117 968.2 0 028 5 2019 05:00 25 39.27 15.3 119 967.8 0 028 5 2019 06:00 28 41.27 14.2 141 967.8 0 028 5 2019 07:00 30 42.29 16.3 252 967.6 0 028 5 2019 08:00 35 42.34 10.6 147 967.6 0 028 5 2019 09:00 38 42.94 10.9 332 968.7 0 028 5 2019 10:00 39 42.66 16.5 132 969.4 0 028 5 2019 11:00 40 44.23 12.6 136 969.9 0 028 5 2019 12:00 41 43.37 24.6 140 969.9 0 028 5 2019 13:00 42 43.73 13.2 160 969.8 0 028 5 2019 14:00 42 44.67 21.5 180 969.1 0 028 5 2019 15:00 40 42.34 26.3 207 968.5 0 028 5 2019 16:00 39 41.43 23.6 191 967.5 0 028 5 2019 17:00 38 39.38 17.5 131 966.5 0 028 5 2019 18:00 37 40.56 14.5 115 965.6 0 028 5 2019 19:00 35 38.24 15.6 139 964.5 0 028 5 2019 20:00 33 39.27 1.2 208 964.7 0 028 5 2019 21:00 32 38.6 14.9 184 964.7 0 028 5 2019 22:00 31 39.36 16.5 180 965.6 0 028 5 2019 23:00 30 37.56 15.7 183 967.4 0 029 5 2019 00:00 29 35.28 15.4 238 967.7 0 029 5 2019 01:00 28 35.06 14.2 222 967.7 0 029 5 2019 02:00 27 33.74 14.3 201 967.8 0 029 5 2019 03:00 26 32.84 12.6 196 967.5 0 029 5 2019 04:00 25 38.17 12.5 203 966.8 0 029 5 2019 05:00 24 38.77 10.9 221 967 0 029 5 2019 06:00 26 40.77 12.3 215 966.6 0 029 5 2019 07:00 28 41.79 14.2 203 966.6 0 029 5 2019 08:00 30 41.84 15.6 143 967 0 029 5 2019 09:00 33 42.44 16.3 287 967.9 0 029 5 2019 10:00 35 42.16 18.6 162 968.7 0 029 5 2019 11:00 37 43.73 12.5 156 968.9 0 029 5 2019 12:00 39 42.87 12.2 171 969.1 0 029 5 2019 13:00 40 43.23 12.3 118 968.7 0 029 5 2019 14:00 41 44.17 15.3 177 967.7 0 029 5 2019 15:00 42 41.84 15.4 182 967.3 0 029 5 2019 16:00 40 40.93 16.2 227 966.1 0 029 5 2019 17:00 39 38.88 12.9 173 964.8 0 029 5 2019 18:00 38 40.06 10.7 105 964.5 0 029 5 2019 19:00 36 37.74 10.6 190 963.2 0 029 5 2019 20:00 33 38.77 12.7 316 963.5 0 029 5 2019 21:00 32 38.1 14.1 155 964.4 0 029 5 2019 22:00 31 38.86 17.6 185 964.9 0 029 5 2019 23:00 30 37.06 15.6 188 966.4 0 030 5 2019 00:00 29 35.64 12.3 116 966.7 0 030 5 2019 01:00 28 35.42 11.5 270 966.7 0 030 5 2019 02:00 28 34.1 17.6 112 967.1 0 030 5 2019 03:00 27 33.2 12.3 146 966.5 0 030 5 2019 04:00 26 33.99 13.2 119 965.8 0 030 5 2019 05:00 25 35.52 16.5 153 965.4 0 0

30 5 2019 06:00 27 37.29 13.7 200 965.4 0 030 5 2019 07:00 29 37.52 16.9 177 965.5 0 030 5 2019 08:00 30 38.62 13.2 132 966.2 0 030 5 2019 09:00 33 38.84 15.2 114 967 0 030 5 2019 10:00 35 39.29 16.3 278 967.6 0 030 5 2019 11:00 36 39.62 14.6 279 967.8 0 030 5 2019 12:00 38 40.18 14.5 273 967.7 0 030 5 2019 13:00 39 40.41 10.9 250 968 0 030 5 2019 14:00 40 40.99 16.6 344 967.8 0 030 5 2019 15:00 41 41.21 15.2 267 965.6 0 030 5 2019 16:00 42 41.99 16.9 343 965.3 0 030 5 2019 17:00 40 39.24 10.7 290 964.4 0 030 5 2019 18:00 39 40.42 13.6 232 964.2 0 030 5 2019 19:00 38 38.1 13.2 177 963.2 0 030 5 2019 20:00 36 39.13 12.3 280 963 0 030 5 2019 21:00 34 38.46 15.2 278 963.3 0 030 5 2019 22:00 33 32.18 15.6 337 964.2 0 030 5 2019 23:00 32 30 15.4 244 965.2 0 031 5 2019 00:00 31 29.52 10.9 232 966.3 0 031 5 2019 01:00 30 29.02 11.2 213 966.1 0 031 5 2019 02:00 29 28.18 13.2 175 965.9 0 031 5 2019 03:00 28 27.99 17.8 276 965.5 0 031 5 2019 04:00 27 27.85 13.6 194 965.3 0 031 5 2019 05:00 26 32.21 12.8 243 964.7 0 031 5 2019 06:00 28 33.99 12.1 327 964.7 0 031 5 2019 07:00 30 38.32 10.2 240 964.6 0 031 5 2019 08:00 32 41.7 12.6 233 965.4 0 031 5 2019 09:00 33 42.3 12.5 212 965.6 0 031 5 2019 10:00 35 42.02 12.9 169 966.8 0 031 5 2019 11:00 36 43.59 10.6 256 967.3 0 031 5 2019 12:00 38 42.73 16.3 360 967.4 0 031 5 2019 13:00 39 43.09 19.6 306 967.7 0 031 5 2019 14:00 40 44.03 17.3 298 966.9 0 031 5 2019 15:00 41 41.7 12.3 114 966.7 0 031 5 2019 16:00 42 40.79 16.3 159 965.7 0 031 5 2019 17:00 40 38.74 14.3 207 965 0 031 5 2019 18:00 39 39.92 12.3 207 964.3 0 031 5 2019 19:00 37 37.6 14.8 207 964 0 031 5 2019 20:00 35 38.63 15.2 289 964.1 0 031 5 2019 21:00 34 37.96 14.6 228 964.3 0 031 5 2019 22:00 33 38.72 14.7 305 965.4 0 031 5 2019 23:00 32 36.92 13.2 112 965.5 0 01 6 2019 00:00 31 35.1 14.2 127 966.6 0 01 6 2019 01:00 30 34.88 12.3 136 966.7 0 01 6 2019 02:00 29 33.56 15.6 225 966.1 0 01 6 2019 03:00 28 32.66 15.2 267 965.6 0 01 6 2019 04:00 27 37.99 21.3 119 964.5 0 01 6 2019 05:00 26 38.59 23.6 237 964.6 0 01 6 2019 06:00 25 40.59 14.6 256 964.5 0 01 6 2019 07:00 29 41.61 18.6 325 964.6 0 01 6 2019 08:00 32 41.66 16.9 324 965.5 0 01 6 2019 09:00 33 42.26 17.5 310 966.5 0 01 6 2019 10:00 35 41.98 14.2 286 967.1 0 01 6 2019 11:00 37 43.55 13.8 117 967.6 0 01 6 2019 12:00 39 42.69 12.9 214 967.9 0 01 6 2019 13:00 40 43.05 13.9 240 967.6 0 01 6 2019 14:00 41 43.99 14.9 225 966.9 0 01 6 2019 15:00 42 41.66 16.3 247 966.2 0 01 6 2019 16:00 40 40.75 17.6 190 965.6 0 01 6 2019 17:00 39 38.7 16.3 203 963.4 0 01 6 2019 18:00 38 39.88 12.3 310 963.5 0 01 6 2019 19:00 37 37.56 10.5 185 963.2 0 01 6 2019 20:00 36 38.59 13.5 283 963.8 0 01 6 2019 21:00 34 37.92 15.2 176 965.3 0 01 6 2019 22:00 33 38.68 15.4 119 965.3 0 01 6 2019 23:00 32 36.88 17.5 240 966 0 02 6 2019 00:00 30 34.6 16.3 212 966.5 0 02 6 2019 01:00 29 34.38 15.8 342 966.9 0 02 6 2019 02:00 28 33.06 12.1 342 967 0 02 6 2019 03:00 27 32.16 13.6 260 966.2 0 02 6 2019 04:00 26 37.49 14.4 145 965.5 0 02 6 2019 05:00 25 38.09 15.7 344 965.4 0 02 6 2019 06:00 27 40.09 15.6 117 965.2 0 02 6 2019 07:00 29 41.11 17.2 337 965.7 0 02 6 2019 08:00 32 41.16 16.4 325 965.7 0 02 6 2019 09:00 35 41.76 15.2 214 967.3 0 02 6 2019 10:00 36 41.48 15.6 166 967.6 0 02 6 2019 11:00 38 43.05 16.4 295 967.7 0 02 6 2019 12:00 39 42.19 15.3 339 968.2 0 02 6 2019 13:00 40 42.55 13.2 248 967.5 0 0

2 6 2019 14:00 41 43.49 12.1 216 967.7 0 02 6 2019 15:00 40 41.16 12.3 287 966.9 0 02 6 2019 16:00 39 40.25 19.2 123 966.3 0 02 6 2019 17:00 38 38.2 12.2 330 965.5 0 02 6 2019 18:00 35 39.38 15.2 280 964.7 0 02 6 2019 19:00 34 37.06 13.2 320 965.6 0 02 6 2019 20:00 33 38.09 16.5 323 965.2 0 02 6 2019 21:00 32 37.42 10.6 181 965.7 0 02 6 2019 22:00 31 38.18 13.6 250 966.2 0 02 6 2019 23:00 30 36.38 17.6 194 966.8 0 03 6 2019 00:00 29 36.69 15.9 112 967.8 0 03 6 2019 01:00 28 36.47 10.2 114 967.6 0 03 6 2019 02:00 27 35.15 13.2 278 967.6 0 03 6 2019 03:00 27 34.25 12.5 240 967.4 0 03 6 2019 04:00 26 35.04 12.4 202 967.5 0 03 6 2019 05:00 25 36.57 14.2 179 967.4 0 03 6 2019 06:00 29 38.34 17.2 147 967.5 0 03 6 2019 07:00 30 38.57 16.5 271 967.6 0 03 6 2019 08:00 31 39.67 15.3 273 967.7 0 03 6 2019 09:00 33 39.89 16.3 123 968.1 0 03 6 2019 10:00 35 40.34 14.2 110 968.7 0 03 6 2019 11:00 38 40.67 14.6 315 970 0 03 6 2019 12:00 39 41.23 16.7 102 970 0 03 6 2019 13:00 40 41.46 17.2 161 969.5 0 03 6 2019 14:00 41 42.04 13.6 144 969 0 03 6 2019 15:00 42 42.26 14.2 154 969.5 0 03 6 2019 16:00 40 43.04 15.6 317 968.8 0 03 6 2019 17:00 39 40.29 12.5 131 967.5 0 03 6 2019 18:00 38 41.47 13.2 140 967.1 0 03 6 2019 19:00 36 39.15 12.3 138 966.3 0 03 6 2019 20:00 34 40.18 16.3 178 966.6 0 03 6 2019 21:00 33 39.51 13.2 205 966.5 0 03 6 2019 22:00 32 33.23 15.6 323 966.8 0 03 6 2019 23:00 31 31.05 14.6 143 967.4 0 04 6 2019 00:00 30 30.57 13.2 278 968.2 0 04 6 2019 01:00 29 30.07 17.5 213 968.4 0 04 6 2019 02:00 28 29.23 17.9 214 968.4 0 04 6 2019 03:00 27 29.04 16.5 131 967.8 0 04 6 2019 04:00 27 28.9 13.2 111 967.4 0 04 6 2019 05:00 26 33.26 14.8 179 966.9 0 04 6 2019 06:00 29 35.04 16.9 329 966.8 0 04 6 2019 07:00 30 39.37 15.8 300 966.7 0 04 6 2019 08:00 32 42.75 14.8 158 967.4 0 04 6 2019 09:00 34 43.35 16.3 193 968 0 04 6 2019 10:00 35 43.07 12.7 145 968.3 0 04 6 2019 11:00 36 44.64 12.9 103 968.7 0 04 6 2019 12:00 38 43.78 23.6 284 969.5 0 04 6 2019 13:00 39 44.14 26.3 214 969.3 0 04 6 2019 14:00 40 45.08 12.2 140 968.4 0 04 6 2019 15:00 41 42.75 12.6 132 967.6 0 04 6 2019 16:00 42 41.84 14.6 158 966.5 0 04 6 2019 17:00 40 39.79 12.4 142 965.4 0 04 6 2019 18:00 39 40.97 15.6 132 964.3 0 04 6 2019 19:00 36 38.65 13.8 251 966.1 0 04 6 2019 20:00 34 39.68 13.9 176 964.6 0 04 6 2019 21:00 33 39.01 15.3 290 964.1 0 04 6 2019 22:00 32 39.77 14.9 204 965 0 04 6 2019 23:00 31 37.97 15.1 165 966.1 0 05 6 2019 00:00 30 36.15 14.8 110 967.2 0 05 6 2019 01:00 29 35.93 18.9 286 969.3 0 05 6 2019 02:00 28 34.61 19.3 125 968.8 0 05 6 2019 03:00 27 33.71 18.8 126 967.7 0 05 6 2019 04:00 26 39.04 13.2 195 968.5 0 05 6 2019 05:00 25 39.64 10.2 170 968.9 0 05 6 2019 06:00 29 41.64 16.6 121 968.1 0 05 6 2019 07:00 30 42.66 15.6 140 967.6 0 05 6 2019 08:00 33 42.71 12.3 113 967.8 0 05 6 2019 09:00 34 43.31 15.6 176 967.8 0 05 6 2019 10:00 35 43.03 13.5 119 968.5 0 05 6 2019 11:00 38 44.6 12.5 126 968.7 0 05 6 2019 12:00 39 43.74 12.1 148 968.9 0 05 6 2019 13:00 40 44.1 12.3 225 969.2 0 05 6 2019 14:00 41 45.04 12.2 155 969.2 0 05 6 2019 15:00 42 42.71 12.5 319 968.9 0 05 6 2019 16:00 40 41.8 11.9 114 967.8 0 05 6 2019 17:00 39 39.75 12.6 143 967 0 05 6 2019 18:00 37 40.93 12.8 315 966.7 0 05 6 2019 19:00 35 38.61 12.4 116 966 0 05 6 2019 20:00 34 39.64 18.6 192 966.2 0 05 6 2019 21:00 32 38.97 17.5 284 966.8 0 0

5 6 2019 22:00 31 39.73 16.9 266 967.2 0 05 6 2019 23:00 30 37.93 18.9 188 968.2 0 06 6 2019 00:00 29 35.65 14.2 170 968.8 0 06 6 2019 01:00 28 35.43 15.2 195 968.7 0 06 6 2019 02:00 27 34.11 14.2 182 968.7 0 06 6 2019 03:00 27 33.21 11.8 208 968 0 06 6 2019 04:00 26 38.54 14.3 157 967.8 0 06 6 2019 05:00 25 39.14 12.7 193 967.5 0 06 6 2019 06:00 29 41.14 12.3 192 967.7 0 06 6 2019 07:00 30 42.16 11.5 119 967.5 0 06 6 2019 08:00 34 42.21 11.2 327 968.1 0 06 6 2019 09:00 35 42.81 11.4 132 968.2 0 06 6 2019 10:00 37 42.53 12.3 122 968.9 0 06 6 2019 11:00 39 44.1 26.3 123 969.5 0 06 6 2019 12:00 40 43.24 19.5 185 970 0 06 6 2019 13:00 41 43.6 18.6 329 969.7 0 06 6 2019 14:00 42 44.54 19.3 179 969 0 06 6 2019 15:00 40 42.21 14.3 175 968.6 0 06 6 2019 16:00 39 41.3 16.3 132 967.6 0 06 6 2019 17:00 38 39.25 14.2 110 966.7 0 06 6 2019 18:00 37 40.43 17.2 160 966.2 0 06 6 2019 19:00 35 38.11 12.6 162 964.4 0 06 6 2019 20:00 33 39.14 14.3 309 965.2 0 06 6 2019 21:00 32 38.47 13.7 342 965.5 0 06 6 2019 22:00 31 39.23 14.1 189 965.6 0 06 6 2019 23:00 30 37.43 14.6 157 966.6 0 07 6 2019 00:00 29 36.69 16.9 195 966.8 0 07 6 2019 01:00 29 36.47 18.5 231 968.2 0 07 6 2019 02:00 28 35.15 12.7 225 967.8 0 07 6 2019 03:00 28 34.25 16.4 268 966.6 0 07 6 2019 04:00 27 35.04 15.5 245 967.9 0 07 6 2019 05:00 27 36.57 12.6 319 967.5 0 07 6 2019 06:00 28 38.34 14.6 275 967.3 0 07 6 2019 07:00 29 38.57 12.6 221 966.7 0 07 6 2019 08:00 30 39.67 12.3 217 967.4 0 07 6 2019 09:00 32 39.89 15.9 221 967.6 0 07 6 2019 10:00 33 40.34 18.6 235 967.8 0 07 6 2019 11:00 35 40.67 14.6 254 968.3 0 07 6 2019 12:00 36 41.23 12.3 279 968.8 0 07 6 2019 13:00 38 41.46 17.5 234 968.2 0 07 6 2019 14:00 40 42.04 19.6 257 967.7 0 07 6 2019 15:00 41 42.26 14.5 290 967.3 0 07 6 2019 16:00 4 43.04 17.5 287 966.4 0 07 6 2019 17:00 39 40.29 16.3 295 965.5 0 07 6 2019 18:00 38 41.47 15.8 227 964.6 0 07 6 2019 19:00 37 39.15 12.1 285 964.5 0 07 6 2019 20:00 35 40.18 13.6 251 963.8 0 07 6 2019 21:00 34 39.51 14.4 161 964.1 0 07 6 2019 22:00 33 33.23 15.7 285 964.5 0 07 6 2019 23:00 32 31.05 15.6 240 966.1 0 08 6 2019 00:00 31 30.57 17.2 251 966.7 0 08 6 2019 01:00 30 30.07 16.4 285 967.3 0 08 6 2019 02:00 29 29.23 15.2 277 966.5 0 08 6 2019 03:00 28 29.04 15.6 133 965.5 0 08 6 2019 04:00 27 28.9 16.4 256 965.5 0 08 6 2019 05:00 27 33.26 15.3 152 965.5 0 08 6 2019 06:00 28 35.04 13.2 171 965.4 0 08 6 2019 07:00 30 39.37 12.1 245 965.7 0 08 6 2019 08:00 32 42.75 12.3 114 966 0 08 6 2019 09:00 33 43.35 19.2 234 967.1 0 08 6 2019 10:00 35 43.07 12.2 324 967.2 0 08 6 2019 11:00 37 44.64 15.2 224 967.5 0 08 6 2019 12:00 39 43.78 13.2 334 968.4 0 08 6 2019 13:00 40 44.14 16.5 248 967.8 0 08 6 2019 14:00 42 45.08 10.6 273 967.3 0 08 6 2019 15:00 40 42.75 13.6 235 966.7 0 08 6 2019 16:00 39 41.84 17.6 239 965.4 0 08 6 2019 17:00 38 39.79 15.9 238 964.8 0 08 6 2019 18:00 37 40.97 10.2 241 963.8 0 08 6 2019 19:00 35 38.65 13.2 316 964.3 0 08 6 2019 20:00 34 39.68 12.5 339 963.5 0 08 6 2019 21:00 33 39.01 12.4 235 963.2 0 08 6 2019 22:00 32 39.77 14.2 157 964.5 0 08 6 2019 23:00 31 37.97 17.2 161 966.9 0 09 6 2019 00:00 30 36.15 16.5 165 967.4 0 09 6 2019 01:00 29 35.93 15.3 309 968.8 0 09 6 2019 02:00 28 34.61 16.3 230 967.7 0 09 6 2019 03:00 28 33.71 14.2 177 966.5 0 09 6 2019 04:00 27 39.04 14.6 189 966.4 0 09 6 2019 05:00 26 39.64 16.7 276 965.4 0 0

9 6 2019 06:00 25 41.64 17.2 239 965 0 09 6 2019 07:00 28 42.66 13.6 229 964.9 0 09 6 2019 08:00 30 42.71 14.2 253 965.5 0 09 6 2019 09:00 32 43.31 15.6 256 966.5 0 09 6 2019 10:00 33 43.03 12.5 215 967.4 0 09 6 2019 11:00 34 44.6 13.2 214 967.7 0 09 6 2019 12:00 36 43.74 12.3 246 968.2 0 09 6 2019 13:00 40 44.1 16.3 304 967.8 0 09 6 2019 14:00 41 45.04 13.2 223 967.8 0 09 6 2019 15:00 40 42.71 15.6 213 966.8 0 09 6 2019 16:00 39 41.8 14.6 245 965.7 0 09 6 2019 17:00 28 39.75 13.2 270 964.5 0 09 6 2019 18:00 36 40.93 17.5 274 963.3 0 09 6 2019 19:00 35 38.61 17.9 269 963.2 0 09 6 2019 20:00 33 39.64 16.5 258 963.4 0 09 6 2019 21:00 32 38.97 13.2 346 963.3 0 09 6 2019 22:00 30 39.73 14.8 241 964.5 0 09 6 2019 23:00 29 37.93 16.9 273 966.6 0 0

10 6 2019 00:00 29 35.65 15.8 204 966.6 0 010 6 2019 01:00 28 35.43 14.8 320 967.7 0 010 6 2019 02:00 28 34.11 16.3 304 967.8 0 010 6 2019 03:00 27 33.21 12.7 291 967.8 0 010 6 2019 04:00 27 38.54 13.2 221 967.2 0 010 6 2019 05:00 26 39.14 17.6 295 966.9 0 010 6 2019 06:00 29 41.14 17.6 266 966.6 0 010 6 2019 07:00 30 42.16 13.2 228 966.9 0 010 6 2019 08:00 31 42.21 12.6 282 967.4 0 010 6 2019 09:00 32 42.81 13.6 280 967.6 0 010 6 2019 10:00 33 42.53 13.4 231 968.5 0 010 6 2019 11:00 34 44.1 12.5 229 968.6 0 010 6 2019 12:00 35 43.24 11.8 232 968.7 0 010 6 2019 13:00 38 43.6 21.3 346 968.8 0 010 6 2019 14:00 40 44.54 23.5 261 968.7 0 010 6 2019 15:00 41 42.21 14.6 242 967.6 0 010 6 2019 16:00 42 41.3 12.5 335 966.3 0 010 6 2019 17:00 40 39.25 17.6 324 965.5 0 010 6 2019 18:00 37 40.43 18.6 261 964.5 0 010 6 2019 19:00 35 38.11 23.2 269 965.5 0 010 6 2019 20:00 34 39.14 13.2 209 965.5 0 010 6 2019 21:00 33 38.47 24.3 122 965.2 0 010 6 2019 22:00 32 39.23 14.6 283 966.3 0 010 6 2019 23:00 30 37.43 12.3 296 966.7 0 011 6 2019 00:00 29 36.69 15.3 196 967.7 0 011 6 2019 01:00 28 35.43 13.5 161 968.4 0 011 6 2019 02:00 28 34.11 15.3 155 969.9 0 011 6 2019 03:00 27 33.21 14.6 238 968.8 0 011 6 2019 04:00 27 39.54 12.5 285 967.6 0 011 6 2019 05:00 26 40.36 18.6 306 966.6 0 011 6 2019 06:00 29 41.14 12.5 112 966.7 0 011 6 2019 07:00 30 43.45 17.6 114 966.4 0 011 6 2019 08:00 32 40.65 16.9 112 966.6 0 011 6 2019 09:00 34 42.87 13.3 115 967.4 0 011 6 2019 10:00 36 44.48 14.5 313 968 0 011 6 2019 11:00 38 44.1 16.3 141 969 0 011 6 2019 12:00 39 46.65 16.3 120 968.8 0 011 6 2019 13:00 40 46 22.3 147 968.9 0 011 6 2019 14:00 41 45.65 18.6 148 968.7 0 011 6 2019 15:00 42 43.98 16.3 259 968.7 0 011 6 2019 16:00 39 40.45 22.4 190 967.7 0 011 6 2019 17:00 38 41.65 17.5 221 966.4 0 011 6 2019 18:00 37 40.43 12.3 326 966.4 0 011 6 2019 19:00 35 42.55 14.5 111 965.1 0 011 6 2019 20:00 34 46.12 16.3 188 965.6 0 011 6 2019 21:00 33 38.23 24.3 158 966.5 0 011 6 2019 22:00 32 38.68 25.6 159 967.8 0 011 6 2019 23:00 30 40.87 16.3 180 968.8 0 012 6 2019 00:00 29 41.85 14.2 142 967.6 0 012 6 2019 01:00 28 41.63 14.9 167 968.4 0 012 6 2019 02:00 27 40.31 15.7 156 968.3 0 012 6 2019 03:00 26 39.41 25.3 158 968.2 0 012 6 2019 04:00 25 44.74 21.3 312 967.6 0 012 6 2019 05:00 25 45.34 13.2 120 966.9 0 012 6 2019 06:00 29 47.34 25.3 230 967 0 012 6 2019 07:00 30 48.36 15.6 275 967.4 0 012 6 2019 08:00 34 48.41 17.5 274 967.6 0 012 6 2019 09:00 36 49.01 12.3 257 968 0 012 6 2019 10:00 38 48.73 26.3 265 968.8 0 012 6 2019 11:00 39 50.3 15.6 236 968.9 0 412 6 2019 12:00 41 49.44 12.3 269 968.9 0.5 612 6 2019 13:00 42 49.8 17.9 214 968.7 0.2 2

12 6 2019 14:00 40 50.74 16.2 256 968.1 1.2 812 6 2019 15:00 39 48.41 14.6 211 967.7 1.5 712 6 2019 16:00 37 47.5 17.6 163 967 0.5 912 6 2019 17:00 35 45.45 13.5 274 965.5 0.2 612 6 2019 18:00 34 46.63 13.7 283 964.4 0.3 612 6 2019 19:00 33 44.31 14.2 114 964.3 1.3 312 6 2019 20:00 32 45.34 16.3 287 964.5 2.6 712 6 2019 21:00 31 44.67 10.6 312 964.9 0 512 6 2019 22:00 30 45.43 12.3 168 965.5 0 012 6 2019 23:00 29 43.63 15.6 273 965.6 0 013 6 2019 00:00 28 41.35 11.2 237 966 0 013 6 2019 01:00 27 41.13 10.8 198 966.5 0 013 6 2019 02:00 27 39.81 14.3 287 966.7 0 013 6 2019 03:00 26 38.91 15.4 246 966.5 0 013 6 2019 04:00 25 44.24 13.2 217 965.4 0 013 6 2019 05:00 24 44.84 21.3 166 964.9 0 013 6 2019 06:00 29 46.84 13.9 167 964.3 0 013 6 2019 07:00 30 47.86 15.6 217 964.3 0 013 6 2019 08:00 35 47.91 13.4 170 964.7 0 013 6 2019 09:00 35 48.51 12.8 227 965.1 0 013 6 2019 10:00 39 48.23 15.3 342 965.6 0 013 6 2019 11:00 39 49.8 12.8 211 965.6 0 013 6 2019 12:00 40 48.94 13.3 268 966 0 013 6 2019 13:00 42 49.3 14.6 147 966 0 013 6 2019 14:00 42 50.24 13.6 236 965.4 0 013 6 2019 15:00 40 47.91 14.6 146 964.7 0 013 6 2019 16:00 39 47 18.5 243 963.9 0 013 6 2019 17:00 38 44.95 18.7 212 963.2 0 013 6 2019 18:00 37 46.13 14.6 235 962.6 0 013 6 2019 19:00 35 43.81 13.2 334 961.4 0 013 6 2019 20:00 34 44.84 13.6 327 962.2 0 013 6 2019 21:00 34 44.17 14.5 253 963 0 013 6 2019 22:00 33 44.93 15.2 271 962.9 0 013 6 2019 23:00 32 43.13 13.9 244 963.6 0 014 6 2019 00:00 32 41.24 14.1 291 964.5 0 014 6 2019 01:00 31 41.02 11.1 151 965.4 0 014 6 2019 02:00 30 39.7 14.2 286 965.2 0 014 6 2019 03:00 30 38.8 10.9 124 965 0 014 6 2019 04:00 29 44.13 14.6 232 964.8 0 014 6 2019 05:00 28 44.73 13.8 298 963.8 0 014 6 2019 06:00 29 46.73 12.5 222 963.3 0 014 6 2019 07:00 30 47.75 12.3 235 963.2 0 014 6 2019 08:00 32 47.8 23.6 112 963.6 0 014 6 2019 09:00 33 48.4 26.3 276 964.5 0 014 6 2019 10:00 34 48.12 24.5 331 964.5 0 014 6 2019 11:00 35 49.69 17.6 165 964.7 0 014 6 2019 12:00 38 48.83 23.6 244 965.5 0 014 6 2019 13:00 39 49.19 25.3 276 965.6 0 014 6 2019 14:00 40 50.13 24.5 342 965.6 0 014 6 2019 15:00 41 47.8 23.6 222 964.9 0 014 6 2019 16:00 42 46.89 21.3 297 963.9 0 014 6 2019 17:00 39 44.84 12.6 323 963.2 0 014 6 2019 18:00 38 46.02 25.6 283 962.4 0 014 6 2019 19:00 35 43.7 15.6 235 962 0 014 6 2019 20:00 35 44.73 13.6 317 962.3 0 014 6 2019 21:00 34 44.06 25.6 241 963 0 014 6 2019 22:00 33 44.82 11.2 169 963.7 0 014 6 2019 23:00 32 43.02 12.6 157 964.5 0 015 6 2019 00:00 31 40.74 14.6 188 965.3 0 015 6 2019 01:00 30 40.52 14.2 291 965 0 015 6 2019 02:00 30 39.2 13.5 124 965.4 0 015 6 2019 03:00 29 38.3 13.2 154 965.4 0 015 6 2019 04:00 28 43.63 13.4 163 964.6 0 015 6 2019 05:00 27 44.23 14.8 289 964.4 0 015 6 2019 06:00 29 46.23 14.3 231 964.2 0 015 6 2019 07:00 30 47.25 12.3 153 964.4 0 015 6 2019 08:00 32 47.3 13.4 154 964.5 0 015 6 2019 09:00 35 47.9 13.5 159 964.7 0 215 6 2019 10:00 36 47.62 14.5 199 965.3 0 615 6 2019 11:00 38 49.19 13.5 248 965.5 0 715 6 2019 12:00 39 48.33 18.5 220 966.6 0.2 415 6 2019 13:00 40 48.69 16.9 226 966.6 0.8 315 6 2019 14:00 41 49.63 12.5 269 966.3 0.4 215 6 2019 15:00 42 47.3 13.2 327 965.8 1.2 715 6 2019 16:00 42 46.39 11.2 225 965.1 1.6 215 6 2019 17:00 40 44.34 13.2 323 964.6 1.2 715 6 2019 18:00 39 45.52 11.5 272 964 0 415 6 2019 19:00 37 43.2 13.5 305 963.8 0 015 6 2019 20:00 35 44.23 13.9 306 964.1 0 015 6 2019 21:00 34 43.56 13.4 259 963.4 0 0

15 6 2019 22:00 33 44.32 13.5 318 964.5 0 015 6 2019 23:00 32 42.52 12.6 327 965.5 0 016 6 2019 00:00 31 41.81 15.6 328 966.8 0 016 6 2019 01:00 30 41.59 12.9 147 966.6 0 016 6 2019 02:00 29 40.27 12.6 293 966.5 0 016 6 2019 03:00 29 39.37 12.9 254 965.5 0 016 6 2019 04:00 28 44.7 13.2 324 965.5 0 016 6 2019 05:00 27 45.3 12.7 256 965.4 0 016 6 2019 06:00 29 47.3 19.6 217 964.7 0 016 6 2019 07:00 30 48.32 14.6 241 964.8 0 016 6 2019 08:00 32 48.37 18.9 236 965.2 0 016 6 2019 09:00 36 48.97 13.6 321 965.5 0 016 6 2019 10:00 38 48.69 13.7 110 965.8 0 016 6 2019 11:00 39 50.26 12.6 147 966.9 0 016 6 2019 12:00 41 49.4 15.6 161 966.9 0 016 6 2019 13:00 42 49.76 10.4 226 966.4 0 016 6 2019 14:00 42 50.7 10.4 334 966.2 0 016 6 2019 15:00 40 48.37 11.5 328 966 0 016 6 2019 16:00 39 47.46 11.6 309 965.4 0 0

Appendix 3.2:

Ambient Air quality

Monitoring Results

Monitoring Agency: EFRAC

Appendix 3.2- Air Monitoring data

Location Code AAQ 1 GPS Coordinates 25°12'13.28"N, 71°46'9.89"E

Par

ame

ters

PM

10

PM

2.5

SO2

NO

x

CO

NH

3

C6H

6

BA

P

O3

Pb

Ni

As

HC

as

Met

han

e

HC

as

No

n-

Met

han

e

VO

C

Units µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 mg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 ng/m3 ng/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3

11/03/2019 88 20 10.1 30.3 0.41 22.3 2.14 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 1.75 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 2.66

15/03/2019 74 26 10.9 27.7 0.39 19.3 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.87 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

18/03/2019 77 21 12.0 43.8 0.48 24.4 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.71 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

22/03/2019 79 28 9.0 29.4 0.92 13.3 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 1.85 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

25/03/2019 53 15 10.2 41.2 0.77 24.5 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 <0.5 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

29/03/2019 56 17 10.5 33.8 0.59 17.0 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 1.32 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

01/04/2019 61 14 11.7 30.9 0.82 17.5 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.55 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

05/04/2019 78 27 14.4 35.5 0.83 20.6 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 1.04 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

08/04/2019 73 22 12.5 37.2 0.61 25.0 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 1.16 0.61 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

12/04/2019 70 18 14.0 41.8 1.01 21.9 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.92 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

15/04/2019 49 12 13.3 36.0 0.77 16.9 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 1.37 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

19/04/2019 64 18 10.7 38.6 0.82 19.3 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 1.21 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

22/04/2019 74 23 9.5 37.0 0.35 15.2 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 <0.5 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

26/04/2019 51 18 14.2 46.5 0.36 12.6 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.54 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

29/04/2019 77 27 12.3 35.4 0.86 20.8 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.50 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

03/05/2019 60 28 12.3 30.3 0.64 21.3 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.51 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

06/05/2019 51 19 9.6 39.8 0.68 19.3 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 <0.5 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

10/05/2019 65 23 12.3 37.5 0.21 18.6 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.70 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

13/05/2019 75 34 12.3 36.9 0.84 24.6 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.72 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

17/05/2019 54 17 8.3 36.9 0.63 21.3 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.61 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

20/05/2019 71 29 9.6 21.1 0.63 16.3 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 <0.5 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

24/05/2019 50 14 12.5 29.2 0.69 24.7 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.71 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0


27/05/2019 62 14 13.1 41.3 0.62 24.5 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 <0.5 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

31/05/2019 68 16 13.2 40.4 0.35 25.3 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 <0.5 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

Location Code AAQ 2 GPS Coordinates 25°11'7.38"N, 71°31'4.98"E P

aram

ete

rs

PM

10

PM

2.5

SO2

NO

x

CO

NH

3

C6H

6

BA

P

O3

Pb

Ni

As

HC

as

Met

han

e

HC

as

No

n-

Met

han

e

VO

C


11/03/2019 85 22 8.4 37.7 0.81 24.4 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.82 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

15/03/2019 61 16 14 39 1 19 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 1 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

18/03/2019 67 27 8.4 34.8 0.44 34.1 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 1.78 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

22/03/2019 87 34 11.0 24.7 0.77 34.2 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 1.02 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

25/03/2019 55 14 11.4 38.4 0.73 23.3 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 1.81 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

29/03/2019 62 19 13.5 25.5 0.64 20.8 <2.0 <0.5 13.8 <0.01 1.71 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

01/04/2019 79 15 11.6 36.0 0.59 25.3 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 1.56 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

05/04/2019 65 21 11.0 34.0 0.41 27.6 <2.0 <0.5 15.6 <0.01 0.92 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

08/04/2019 50 14 7.8 35.9 0.54 16.7 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.51 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

12/04/2019 51 16 13.3 41.6 0.71 22.1 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 1.04 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

15/04/2019 47 13 12.4 31.1 0.84 15.0 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 1.51 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

19/04/2019 51 17 14.2 31.4 0.82 22.3 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.51 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

22/04/2019 55 20 7.5 36.9 0.43 18.2 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 <0.5 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

26/04/2019 83 39 13.2 31.7 0.73 18.6 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 <0.5 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

29/04/2019 66 21 6.7 41.9 0.43 18.6 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.62 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

03/05/2019 61 15 6.7 39.7 0.96 17.6 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 <0.5 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

06/05/2019 81 24 14.2 41.9 0.5 16.4 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 <0.5 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

10/05/2019 87 23 14.2 33.1 0.58 21.3 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.58 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

13/05/2019 69 17 10.2 33.7 0.64 16.5 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 <0.5 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

17/05/2019 70 19 9.3 33.7 0.45 24.6 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.53 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

20/05/2019 72 21 10.9 41.2 0.56 30.5 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.54 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

24/05/2019 84 23 11.5 37.0 0.35 35.1 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.58 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0


27/05/2019 52 18 11.6 41.1 0.82 35.1 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.63 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

31/05/2019 66 24 14.1 29.4 0.82 21.3 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 <0.5 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0


aram

ete

rs

PM

10

PM

2.5

SO2

NO

x

CO

NH

3

C6H

6

BA

P

O3

Pb

Ni

As

HC

as

Met

han

e

HC

as

No

n-

Met

han

e

VO

C


11/03/2019 54 17 7.3 47.4 0.65 51.5 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.74 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 2.26

15/03/2019 72 44 13.6 31.6 0.51 37.5 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.90 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

18/03/2019 65 30 9.1 32.6 0.62 34.6 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.96 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

22/03/2019 80 32 10.5 40.3 0.56 32.1 <2.0 <0.5 17.6 <0.01 1.53 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

25/03/2019 55 12 10.8 38.7 0.58 17.1 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 1.12 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

29/03/2019 92 30 11.5 41.1 0.62 34.0 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 1.46 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

01/04/2019 72 21 12.8 42.2 0.77 14.4 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 1.91 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

05/04/2019 74 27 9.7 32.6 0.56 25.3 <2.0 <0.5 13.7 <0.01 1.3 0.7 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

08/04/2019 62 17 8.5 39.9 0.42 18.9 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.76 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

12/04/2019 62 17 17.7 43.9 0.68 18.1 <2.0 <0.5 16.3 <0.01 1.67 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

15/04/2019 50 12 12.5 37.7 0.62 30.6 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 1.49 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

19/04/2019 57 14 10.2 33.4 0.46 21.3 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.50 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

22/04/2019 71 19 12.3 43.3 0.57 17.6 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.50 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

26/04/2019 82 22 7.8 27.7 0.79 17.4 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 <0.5 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

29/04/2019 83 22 5.3 33.3 0.69 19.3 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.63 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

03/05/2019 51 18 5.3 30.7 0.73 18.9 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 <0.5 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

06/05/2019 58 12 12.3 43.3 0.78 15.3 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 <0.5 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

10/05/2019 56 15 10.2 28.9 0.54 17.6 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.58 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

13/05/2019 59 11 8.2 41.9 0.77 18.9 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 <0.5 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

17/05/2019 74 18 10.3 41.9 0.63 22.3 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.52 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

20/05/2019 82 30 7.9 31.6 0.64 49.3 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.57 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

24/05/2019 72 27 10.4 39.7 0.41 30.5 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.53 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0


27/05/2019 86 21 7.8 39.5 0.46 30.5 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 <0.5 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

31/05/2019 59 15 11.9 34.8 0.36 14.0 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 <0.5 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0


aram

ete

rs

PM

10

PM

2.5

SO2

NO

x

CO

NH

3

C6H

6

BA

P

O3

Pb

Ni

As

HC

as

Met

han

e

HC

as

No

n-

Met

han

e

VO

C


11/03/2019 77 23 9.6 37.0 0.74 26.3 <2.0 <0.5 11.2 <0.01 0.70 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

15/03/2019 85 20 8.5 39.0 0.64 33.4 2.17 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.69 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 3.00

18/03/2019 79 19 8.3 30.4 0.73 34.9 2.33 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.64 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 3.33

22/03/2019 72 12 10.1 40.4 0.57 15.8 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 <0.5 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

25/03/2019 70 21 13.1 23.1 0.84 11.0 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 1.26 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

29/03/2019 90 27 7.6 39.5 0.47 28.8 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 1.80 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

01/04/2019 76 27 10.0 38.0 0.69 25.6 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 1.35 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

05/04/2019 83 25 10.3 39.5 0.48 25.3 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.71 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

08/04/2019 52 15 11.5 36.6 0.83 20.4 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 1.54 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

12/04/2019 46 18 12.9 40.6 0.83 10.6 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 1.16 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

15/04/2019 54 14 8.2 29.7 0.72 10.6 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 1.04 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

19/04/2019 61 19 13.2 39.2 0.43 24.3 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 <0.5 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

22/04/2019 58 13 8.5 35.4 0.41 19.3 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 <0.5 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

26/04/2019 65 20 11.2 30.8 0.77 16.3 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 <0.5 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

29/04/2019 64 19 10.3 33.7 0.62 17.6 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.57 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

03/05/2019 52 14 9.9 38.8 0.51 18.9 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 <0.5 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

06/05/2019 60 19 15.6 33.7 0.51 16.3 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.53 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

10/05/2019 80 23 13.2 22.5 0.74 20.3 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.74 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

13/05/2019 78 21 15.3 35.4 0.46 17.6 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 <0.5 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

17/05/2019 63 19 8.9 35.4 0.38 20.3 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.56 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

20/05/2019 59 23 10.3 32.1 0.77 35.1 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.57 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

24/05/2019 67 21 14.6 40.3 0.47 30.7 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.60 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0


27/05/2019 88 23 12.1 37.8 0.43 32.7 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.60 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

31/05/2019 60 18 13.3 35.4 0.43 21.3 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 <0.5 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0


aram

ete

rs

PM

10

PM

2.5

SO2

NO

x

CO

NH

3

C6H

6

BA

P

O3

Pb

Ni

As

HC

as

Met

han

e

HC

as

No

n-

Met

han

e

VO

C


11/03/2019 71 24 14.3 32.6 0.4 13.5 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 <0.5 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

15/03/2019 54 16 18 30 0 21 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 <0.5 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

18/03/2019 78 19 9.7 28.6 0.55 37.8 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 1.90 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

22/03/2019 72 28 13.1 40.4 0.91 11.6 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 1.42 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

25/03/2019 68 20 14.1 30.7 0.57 14.6 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 1.06 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

29/03/2019 53 16 15.5 32.6 0.87 26.0 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 1.28 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

01/04/2019 88 21 11.8 36.0 0.48 29.4 <2.0 <0.5 16.9 <0.01 1.62 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

05/04/2019 79 24 8.5 39.7 0.82 34.8 <2.0 <0.5 12.6 <0.01 0.79 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

08/04/2019 74 15 12.8 27.1 0.7 25.1 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 1.11 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

12/04/2019 51 16 17.1 42.9 0.53 19.8 <2.0 <0.5 13.1 <0.01 2.17 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

15/04/2019 50 15 12.0 41.4 0.43 25.1 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 2 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

19/04/2019 69 19 15.3 25.5 0.61 25.4 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 <0.5 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

22/04/2019 78 28 15.3 40.1 0.54 15.3 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 <0.5 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

26/04/2019 53 13 7.9 29.1 0.81 18.9 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 <0.5 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

29/04/2019 68 20 8.3 27.5 0.79 22.3 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.65 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

03/05/2019 55 17 8.3 31.7 0.66 17.6 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.52 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

06/05/2019 61 15 10.3 27.5 0.87 19.3 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 <0.5 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

10/05/2019 52 13 15.3 44.9 0.76 15.2 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.56 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

13/05/2019 73 23 8.9 43.3 0.88 21.6 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.53 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

17/05/2019 64 18 11.3 43.3 0.89 20.3 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.82 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

20/05/2019 74 17 13.1 37.6 0.51 31.4 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.74 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

24/05/2019 43 15 5.6 27.4 0.43 49.3 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 <0.5 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0


27/05/2019 71 21 10.1 42.3 0.61 21.3 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.56 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

31/05/2019 67 19 7.6 45.7 0.46 23.2 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 <0.5 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0


aram

ete

rs

PM

10

PM

2.5

SO2

NO

x

CO

NH

3

C6H

6

BA

P

O3

Pb

Ni

As

HC

as

Met

han

e

HC

as

No

n-

Met

han

e

VO

C


11/03/2019 71 19 11.6 40.5 0.82 41.6 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.56 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

15/03/2019 48 15 12.0 43.4 0.76 51.0 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 2.11 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

18/03/2019 59 19 12.6 28.3 0.50 31.8 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.72 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

22/03/2019 68 21 9.7 34.2 0.61 39.5 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.9 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

25/03/2019 76 22 11.3 42.2 0.75 12.1 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 1.18 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

29/03/2019 53 24 13.6 39.7 0.51 30.6 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 1.77 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

01/04/2019 80 24 12.5 40.9 0.42 24.5 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.72 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

05/04/2019 58 17 13.8 40.0 0.66 31.2 <2.0 <0.5 14.1 <0.01 1.23 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

08/04/2019 68 17 13.3 40.1 0.57 31.2 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.95 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

12/04/2019 59 15 11.0 37.2 0.64 20.2 <2.0 <0.5 13.4 <0.01 0.74 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

15/04/2019 58 13 13.3 38.3 0.84 21.3 <2.0 <0.5 13.6 <0.01 2.06 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

19/04/2019 56 15 11.1 37.7 0.45 32.3 <2.0 <0.5 10.7 <0.01 1.01 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

22/04/2019 82 22 14.2 29.4 0.47 17.6 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 <0.5 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

26/04/2019 68 21 11.3 39.9 0.54 18.6 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.53 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

29/04/2019 86 25 6.2 41.1 0.53 25.3 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.50 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

03/05/2019 67 18 12.3 27.5 0.61 20.3 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 <0.5 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

06/05/2019 62 21 7.8 45.4 0.48 17.5 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 <0.5 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

10/05/2019 52 15 12.3 43.2 0.74 16.3 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.54 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

13/05/2019 70 26 11.2 27.8 0.55 19.6 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.70 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

17/05/2019 56 16 5.3 27.8 0.65 25.3 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.51 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

20/05/2019 72 27 10.3 32.6 0.87 15.3 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.51 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

24/05/2019 59 13 14.1 49.9 0.68 45.8 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.68 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0


27/05/2019 87 26 11.3 23.1 0.84 51.0 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.52 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

31/05/2019 48 12 10.9 34.2 0.47 23.6 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.51 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0


aram

ete

rs

PM

10

PM

2.5

SO2

NO

x

CO

NH

3

C6H

6

BA

P

O3

Pb

Ni

As

HC

as

Met

han

e

HC

as

No

n-

Met

han

e

VO

C


11/03/2019 87 17 8.4 40.1 0.57 30.5 2.26 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 2.15 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 2.84

15/03/2019 79 11 10.4 37.4 0.58 31.4 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.56 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

18/03/2019 73 21 8.1 31.9 0.47 47.8 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 1.94 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

22/03/2019 60 18 17.1 40.4 0.42 40.8 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.72 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

25/03/2019 69 20 8.1 31.1 0.82 15.1 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 1.83 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

29/03/2019 70 23 13.3 31.7 0.64 15.9 <2.0 <0.5 11.3 <0.01 1.27 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

01/04/2019 70 19 15.2 46.0 0.56 31.8 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 1.87 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

05/04/2019 52 20 11.7 39.0 0.53 42.9 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 1.54 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

08/04/2019 88 18 8.7 38.4 0.64 24.5 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.71 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

12/04/2019 73 21 15.7 40.4 0.55 13.3 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 1.12 0.59 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

15/04/2019 61 20 10.1 42.5 0.62 18.2 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 <0.5 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

19/04/2019 57 16 10.3 38.4 0.44 24.3 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 <0.5 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

22/04/2019 82 27 15.6 36.2 0.62 21.3 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 <0.5 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

26/04/2019 76 23 10.3 35.5 0.57 16.3 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.51 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

29/04/2019 52 12 7.5 38.4 0.68 24.3 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.51 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

03/05/2019 53 17 15.2 43.3 0.46 24.6 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 <0.5 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

06/05/2019 62 17 5.6 36.3 0.81 18.9 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 <0.5 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

10/05/2019 58 16 15.2 33.0 0.45 15.3 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.57 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

13/05/2019 79 19 10.2 21.1 0.97 20.9 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.77 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

17/05/2019 51 12 6.7 21.1 1.2 24.3 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.51 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

20/05/2019 65 13 12.3 33.7 1.55 18.5 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.56 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

24/05/2019 77 27 17.3 48.1 0.65 36.6 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.61 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0


27/05/2019 52 11 10.2 38.4 0.92 44.2 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 <0.5 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

31/05/2019 69 24 11.9 44.4 0.62 15.3 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 <0.5 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0


aram

ete

rs

PM

10

PM

2.5

SO2

NO

x

CO

NH

3

C6H

6

BA

P

O3

Pb

Ni

As

HC

as

Met

han

e

HC

as

No

n-

Met

han

e

VO

C


11/03/2019 54 15 16.4 36.2 0.78 49.3 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.99 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

15/03/2019 49 13 10.6 35.7 0.67 61.8 <2.0 <0.5 14.4 <0.01 0.77 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

18/03/2019 40 18 11.6 22.4 0.57 31.5 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.69 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

22/03/2019 51 17 11.3 31.1 0.59 39.4 <2.0 <0.5 12.2 <0.01 0.83 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

25/03/2019 71 25 16.4 30.4 0.84 20.2 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 1.51 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

29/03/2019 77 36 12.0 36.2 0.52 30.7 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 1.72 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

01/04/2019 74 22 15.8 38.5 0.69 10.2 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 1.64 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

05/04/2019 69 26 12.5 35.4 0.61 25.9 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 1.74 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

08/04/2019 75 21 11.4 34.2 0.52 28.2 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 1.31 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

12/04/2019 64 19 12.5 37.8 0.59 22.5 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 1.15 0.62 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

15/04/2019 70 18 10.1 30.6 0.85 13.4 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.96 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

19/04/2019 68 20 7.8 36.9 0.84 20.3 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 <0.5 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

22/04/2019 54 16 14.0 27.5 0.36 25.4 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 <0.5 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

26/04/2019 68 21 10.5 38.1 0.42 20.3 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 <0.5 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

29/04/2019 53 13 9.3 29.2 0.57 15.3 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 <0.5 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

03/05/2019 78 25 8.6 41.3 0.71 24.5 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.53 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

06/05/2019 83 32 14.2 41.9 0.58 19.6 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 <0.5 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

10/05/2019 54 12 6.3 35.6 0.79 15.6 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.51 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

13/05/2019 71 22 14.2 35.3 0.89 24.3 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.59 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

17/05/2019 70 24 14.3 32.6 0.65 25.4 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.71 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

20/05/2019 57 15 9.9 32.6 1.33 20.3 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.52 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

24/05/2019 80 27 11.2 33.7 1.36 19.3 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.77 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0


27/05/2019 89 26 12.5 42.7 0.57 37.2 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 0.57 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

31/05/2019 57 17 14.3 30.9 0.92 47.7 <2.0 <0.5 <10.0 <0.01 <0.5 <0.5 <2.5 <2.5 <2.0

Appendix 3.3:

Ambient Noise

Monitoring Results

Noise Monitoring


Appendix 3.3: Noise Monitoring

Sl. No. Location Date

Day Time Night Time

Avg.

Leq

Max

Leq

Min Leq

Avg.

Leq

Max

Leq

Min Leq

1 NQ1 25°12'13.28"N, 71°46'9.89"E

29/05/2019-30/05/2019 60.4 66.4 42.5 43.8 44.7 40.9

2 NQ2 25°11'7.38"N, 71°31'4.98"E

26/05/2019-27/05/2019 55.7 60.5 46.7 46.7 59.5 43.3

3 NQ3 25°16'44.32"N, 71°29'48.50"E

26/05/2019-27/05/2019 53.8 58.2 38.5 39.8 41.7 38.2

4 NQ4 25°15'12.24"N, 71°35'21.21"E

28/05/2019-29/05/2019 57.7 61.1 47.6 40.4 41.6 39.5

5 NQ5 25°21'45.97"N, 71°29'3.74"E

26/05/2019-27/05/2019 58.3 62.4 45.2 40.7 48.7 35.2

6 NQ6 25°19'15.03"N, 71°39'50.51"E

30/05/2019-31/05/2019 55.5 59.8 45.0 43.7 45.1 42.4

7 NQ7 25°22'32.16"N, 71°37'2.98"E

29/05/2019-30/05/2019 54.1 57.5 41.3 41.1 41.6 40.5

8 NQ8 25°25'22.50"N, 71°34'35.40"E

27/05/2019-28/05/2019 52.1 57.0 39.0 38.8 39.8 38.0

Appendix 3.4:

Ground Water

Quality Monitoring

Results

Ground Water Quality Monitoring


Appendix 3.4- Ground water monitoring

Parameter Unit Test Method G.W-1, 25°24'50.39"N, 71°30'44.59"E

G.W-2, 25°22'30.53"N, 71°32'31.05"E

G.W-3, 25°20'46.70"N, 71°35'5.26"E

G.W-4, 25°16'45.84"N, 71°37'28.43"E

G.W-5, 25°13'10.92"N, 71°41'11.99"E

G.W-6, 25°15'4.96"N, 71°35'32.79"E

G.W-7, 25°14'4.62"N, 71°31'55.33"E

G.W-8, 25°23'57.76"N, 71°39'3.06"E

pH --- APHA 23rd Edition 4500 H+B

7.4 7.5 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.2 7.3

Electrical Conductivity µs/cm APHA 23rd Edition 2510 B

7170 8810 16600 12640 7310 9470 9670 4210

Temperature 0C APHA 23rd Edition 2550 B

24.7 24.6 24.8 24.8 24.6 24.8 24.7 24.6

Colour Hazen APHA 23rd Edition 2120 C

<1.0 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0

Odour --- APHA 23rd Edition 2150 B

Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable

Taste --- APHA 23rd Edition 2160 C

Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable

Turbidity NTU APHA 23rd Edition 2130 B

0.18 0.32 0.18 0.23 0.20 0.27 0.18 0.16

Salinity psu APHA 23rd Edition 2520 B

3.60 4.54 9.05 6.72 3.77 5.03 5.37 2.15

Total Dissolved Solid (TDS) mg/L APHA 23rd Edition 2540 C

3784 4912 9428 7152 4184 5400 5524 2460

Total Hardness (CaCO3) mg/L APHA 23rd Edition 2340 C

730 970 470 730 830 730 880 430

Alkalinity (CaCO3) mg/L APHA 23rd Edition 2320 B

376 700 900 900 380 370 350 340

Chloride (Cl) mg/L APHA 23rd Edition 4500 Cl- B

1615 1805 3800 2755 1615 2280 2518 950




G.W-2, 25°22'30.53"N, 71°32'31.05"E

G.W-3, 25°20'46.70"N, 71°35'5.26"E

G.W-4, 25°16'45.84"N, 71°37'28.43"E

G.W-5, 25°13'10.92"N, 71°41'11.99"E

G.W-6, 25°15'4.96"N, 71°35'32.79"E

G.W-7, 25°14'4.62"N, 71°31'55.33"E

G.W-8, 25°23'57.76"N, 71°39'3.06"E

Calcium (Ca) mg/L APHA 23rd Edition 3500 Ca B

224.45 292.58 148.3 220.44 248.5 220.44 264.53 128.26

Magnesium (Mg) mg/L APHA 23rd Edition 3500 Mg B

41.31 58.32 24.3 43.74 51.03 43.74 53.46 26.73

Fluoride (F) mg/L APHA 23rd Edition 4500 F- D

1.12 1.27 0.74 0.68 1.23 1.28 1.36 0.82

Nitrate (NO3) mg/L APHA 23rd Edition 4500 NO3- B

5.95 6.23 9.86 7.94 6.18 7.16 7.31 5.23

Sulphate (SO4) mg/L APHA 23rd Edition 4500 SO4-- E

447 622 1308 834 556 754 762 321

Residual Chlorine mg/L APHA 23rd Edition 4500 Cl G

<0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05

Chloramine (Cl2) mg/L APHA 23rd Edition 4500 Cl G

<0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05

Cyanide (CN) mg/L APHA 23rd Edition 4500 CN- E

<0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01

Hexavalent Chromium (Cr+6) mg/L APHA 23rd Edition 3500 Cr B

<0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02

Phenol (C6H5OH) mg/L APHA 23rd Edition 5530 C

<0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001

Total Phosphorus (P) mg/L APHA 23rd Edition 4500 P D

<0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05

Free Ammonia (NH3) mg/L APHA 23rd Edition 4500 NH3 F

<0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05




G.W-2, 25°22'30.53"N, 71°32'31.05"E

G.W-3, 25°20'46.70"N, 71°35'5.26"E

G.W-4, 25°16'45.84"N, 71°37'28.43"E

G.W-5, 25°13'10.92"N, 71°41'11.99"E

G.W-6, 25°15'4.96"N, 71°35'32.79"E

G.W-7, 25°14'4.62"N, 71°31'55.33"E

G.W-8, 25°23'57.76"N, 71°39'3.06"E

Total Nitrogen mg/L APHA 23rd Edition 4500 N

5.95 6.23 9.86 7.94 6.18 7.16 7.31 5.23

Dissolved Oxygen (DO) mg/L APHA 23rd Edition 4500 O C

6.94 6.84 7.04 7.13 6.94 6.94 7.04 7.13

Anionic Detergent (MBAS) mg/L APHA 23rd Edition 5540 C

<0.10 <0.10 <0.10 <0.10 <0.10 <0.10 <0.10 <0.10

Mineral Oil mg/L APHA 23rd Edition 5520 C

<0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

SAR --- QA.16.5.235 15.80 17.19 61.81 36.50 16.52 26.96 22.08 12.93

SODIUM mg/L APHA 22nd Edition 3125 B

982.75 1232.28 3084.3 2270 1095.7 1676.5 1507.95 616.98

Potassium mg/L APHA 22nd Edition 3125 B

14.0 22.4 22.4 31.2 23.0 33.2 31.8 35.0

Aluminium Al mg/L APHA 22nd Edition 3125 B

<0.001 0.0033 0.0061 0.0039 0.0017 0.0011 0.0024 0.0016

Manganese(Mn) mg/L APHA 22nd Edition 3125 B

0.0012 0.0019 <0.001 <0.001 0.0201 0.0025 <0.001 0.0013

Iron( Fe ) mg/L APHA 22nd Edition 3125 B

<0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.0033 <0.001 <0.001 0.0015 <0.001

Nickel( Ni) mg/L APHA 22nd Edition 3125 B

0.0028 0.0033 0.0031 0.0026 0.0031 0.0046 0.0133 0.0015

Copepr( Cu) mg/L APHA 22nd Edition 3125 B

<0.001 0.0038 0.0163 0.0227 0.0156 0.0151 0.0312 0.0057

Zinc( Zn) mg/L APHA 22nd Edition 3125 B

0.0011 0.0039 0.0026 0.0024 0.0016 0.0013 0.0029 0.0010




G.W-2, 25°22'30.53"N, 71°32'31.05"E

G.W-3, 25°20'46.70"N, 71°35'5.26"E

G.W-4, 25°16'45.84"N, 71°37'28.43"E

G.W-5, 25°13'10.92"N, 71°41'11.99"E

G.W-6, 25°15'4.96"N, 71°35'32.79"E

G.W-7, 25°14'4.62"N, 71°31'55.33"E

G.W-8, 25°23'57.76"N, 71°39'3.06"E

Arsenic( As) mg/L APHA 22nd Edition 3125 B

<0.001 <0.001 0.0032 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.0048

Selenium( Se) mg/L APHA 22nd Edition 3125 B

0.0051 0.0030 0.0039 0.0053 0.0022 0.0045 0.0045 0.0023

Molybdenum (Mo) mg/L APHA 22nd Edition 3125 B

0.0011 <0.001 0.0191 0.0034 0.0225 <0.001 0.0099 <0.001

Cadmium( Cd ) mg/L APHA 22nd Edition 3125 B

<0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001

Barium(Ba) mg/L APHA 22nd Edition 3125 B

0.0292 0.0361 0.0151 0.0159 0.0229 0.0509 0.1357 0.0813

Mercury(Hg) mg/L USEPA 200.8 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001

Lead( Pb ) mg/L APHA 22nd Edition 3125 B

<0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001

Total Coliform MPN/100 ml

IS 1622: 1981 RA 2009

<2 <2 <2 <2 <2 <2 <2 <2

Faecal Coliform MPN/100 ml

IS 1622: 1981 RA 2009

<2 <2 <2 <2 <2 <2 <2 <2

Alachlor µg/L QA.16.4.14 ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

Atrazine µg/L QA.16.4.14 ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

Aldrin µg/L QA.16.4.15 ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

Dieldrin µg/L QA.16.4.15 ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

Alpha HCH µg/L QA.16.4.15 ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

Beta HCH µg/L QA.16.4.15 ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

Gamma HCH (Lindane) µg/L QA.16.4.15 ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

Delta HCH µg/L QA.16.4.15 ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

Butachlor µg/L QA.16.4.15 ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND




G.W-2, 25°22'30.53"N, 71°32'31.05"E

G.W-3, 25°20'46.70"N, 71°35'5.26"E

G.W-4, 25°16'45.84"N, 71°37'28.43"E

G.W-5, 25°13'10.92"N, 71°41'11.99"E

G.W-6, 25°15'4.96"N, 71°35'32.79"E

G.W-7, 25°14'4.62"N, 71°31'55.33"E

G.W-8, 25°23'57.76"N, 71°39'3.06"E

Chlorpyrifos µg/L QA.16.4.15 ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

2,4-D µg/L QA.16.4.14 ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

Ethion µg/L QA.16.4.15 ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

Isoproturon µg/L QA.16.4.14 ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

Malathion µg/L QA.16.4.15 ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

Methyl Parathion µg/L QA.16.4.14 ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

Monocrotophos µg/L QA.16.4.14 ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

Phorate µg/L QA.16.4.15 ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

o,p- DDT µg/L QA.16.4.15 ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

p,p-DDT µg/L QA.16.4.15 ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

o,p-DDD µg/L QA.16.4.15 ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

p,p-DDD µg/L QA.16.4.15 ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

o,p- DDE µg/L QA.16.4.15 ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

p,p- DDE µg/L QA.16.4.15 ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

Total DDT µg/L QA.16.4.15 ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

Alpha Endosulfan µg/L QA.16.4.15 ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

Beta Endosulfan µg/L QA.16.4.15 ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

Endosulfan Sulfate µg/L QA.16.4.15 ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

Total Endosulfan µg/L QA.16.4.15 ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (as PAH)

mg/L QA.16.4.19 ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

Polychlorinated biphenyls mg/L QA.16.4.16 ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

Bromoform mg/L QA.16.4.33 ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

Dibromochloromethane mg/L QA.16.4.33 ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND




G.W-2, 25°22'30.53"N, 71°32'31.05"E

G.W-3, 25°20'46.70"N, 71°35'5.26"E

G.W-4, 25°16'45.84"N, 71°37'28.43"E

G.W-5, 25°13'10.92"N, 71°41'11.99"E

G.W-6, 25°15'4.96"N, 71°35'32.79"E

G.W-7, 25°14'4.62"N, 71°31'55.33"E

G.W-8, 25°23'57.76"N, 71°39'3.06"E

Bromodichloromethane mg/L QA.16.4.33 ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

Chloroform mg/L QA.16.4.33 ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

ND - Not Detected

Appendix 3.5: Soil

Monitoring Results

Soil Monitoring


Sl. No.

Parameters Location S--1,

25°24'50.39"N, 71°30'44.59"E

S--2, 25°22'30.53"N71°32'31.05"E

S--3, 25°20'46.70"N,

71°35'5.26"E

S--4, 25°16'45.84"N,

71°37'28.43"E

S--5, 25°13'10.92"N,

71°41'11.99"E

S--6, 25°

25°15'4.96"N, 71°35'32.79"E

S--7, 25°14'4.62"N, 71°31'55.33"E

S--8, 25°23'57.76"N, 71°39'3.06"E

Unit

1 pH - 6.9 7.2 6.8 6.9 7.0 7.2 7.0 7.0

2 Density gm/cm3 1.65 1.49 1.56 1.58 1.42 1.66 1.59 1.49

3 Acidity mg/kg <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1

4 Particle Size - - - - - - - - -

a <180 micron % 73.39 85.00 90.53 92.21 84.84 85.44 84.48 70.04

b >180 micron % 7.34 2.99 1.01 1.34 2.56 3.23 2.34 8.32

c >250 micron % 5.22 3.45 3.63 2.10 3.71 3.55 4.54 5.26

d >800 micron % 8.41 5.12 2.55 3.05 5.76 6.76 5.42 10.21

e >1000 micron % 3.29 2.90 1.49 0.85 1.58 0.58 1.83 4.02

f >2350micron % 2.35 0.56 0.79 0.45 1.55 0.44 1.40 2.16

g >3300 micron % 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

h >4000 micron % 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

5 Hexavalent Chromium mg/kg <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1

6 Soil Texture - Sandy

Loam

Fine Sand Loamy Fine

Sand

Loamy Fine

Sand

Loamy Fine

Sand

Loamy Fine

Sand

Loamy Fine

Sand

Sandy

Loam

7 Porosity % 22.49 16.63 13.75 13.08 19.34 20.28 20.60 25.02

8 Organic Carbon % 1.13 0.82 0.79 0.90 0.91 0.88 0.80 1.22

9 Organic Matter % 1.58 1.14 1.09 1.24 1.26 1.22 1.11 1.70

10

Chloride mg/kg 19.02 17.22 22.92 23.80 17.79 21.05 16.95 17.23

11

Sulphate mg/kg 10.50 9.44 13.68 14.23 8.71 11.96 8.99 9.48

12

Moisture % 19.2 13.4 12.4 12.9 14.6 13.7 14.7 20.4

13

Phosphorus mg/kg 32.59 24.55 49.41 46.81 22.76 43.00 16.02 14.76

14

Electrical Conductivity µS/cm 484.6 325.7 756.4 866.2 343.2 628.1 248.4 229.3

15

Alkalinity mg/Kg as CaCO3

5.88 7.43 6.33 6.29 7.18 7.97 6.83 7.17

16

Cyanide mg/kg <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01

17

Carbonate mg/kg 5.60 7.16 6.26 6.28 6.97 7.98 6.40 7.18

Soil Monitoring


18

Nitrogen % 1.29 0.81 0.76 0.83 1.04 0.75 0.79 1.37

19

WHC at 25 degree C % 14.65 16.52 18.95 18.83 15.57 15.57 15.63 12.62

20

Spacific Gravity [Corrected to 27 °C ]

- 1.66 1.63 1.67 1.68 1.64 1.65 1.63 1.65

21

Permeability cm/min 6.1 4.4 3.8 3.9 5.4 5.7 5.8 7.0

22

Thiocyanate mg/Kg <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01

23

Infiltration Capacity mm/hr 780 540 480 420 660 720 720 960

24

Calcium (Ca) ppm 1265.67 1171.27 1644.45 1898.09 1524.29 1736.35 1702.93 1338.13

25

Iron (Fe) ppm 8268.28 7353.77 6797.54 8971.66 6621.15 9342.61 8408.23 6931.57

26

Potassium (K) ppm 816.18 690.84 721.51 852.03 781.99 850.90 1253.55 1197.27

27

Magnessium (Mg) ppm 2693.01 3268.34 2790.80 4365.61 3100.19 3580.68 2917.06 3287.86

28

Sodium (Na) ppm 1005.44 4113.48 106.21 227.77 130.99 2846.41 579.47 2479.80

29

Barium (Ba) ppm 18.14 23.21 25.41 43.07 27.02 43.56 18.77 24.53

30

Mercury (Hg) ppm <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

31

Molibdenum (Mo) ppm 0.72 0.54 0.52 0.55 0.74 0.59 0.78 0.52

32

Arsenic (As) ppm 43.00 82.86 84.32 72.83 115.44 100.75 93.14 85.34

33

Zinc (Zn) ppm 62.11 82.86 84.32 72.83 115.44 158.32 124.19 29.19

34

Cobalt (Co) ppm 2.89 4.48 2.65 4.26 4.36 4.23 5.04 2.69

35

Chromium (Cr) ppm 20.90 10.52 13.55 17.29 20.24 17.71 18.13 20.02

36

Manganese (Mn) ppm 177.43 154.30 139.17 194.03 150.84 263.48 149.80 226.11

37

Lead (Pb) ppm 3.65 3.28 5.19 4.44 5.63 3.01 3.67 4.56

38

Nickel (Ni) ppm 19.37 13.42 20.41 22.95 21.12 22.48 18.77 18.11

Soil Monitoring


39

Cadmium (Cd) ppm <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

40

Antimony (Sb) ppm <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

41

Copper (Cu) ppm 5.10 4.30 6.00 8.98 7.47 8.83 7.15 7.90

42

Boron (B) ppm 5.92 2.73 2.75 6.26 4.78 9.43 7.21 8.51

43

Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC)

meq/100g 10.33 11.02 12.04 13.36 14.28 13.88 11.27 11.83

44

SAR 0.77 2.97 0.07 0.11 0.09 1.61 0.37 1.67

Appendix 3.6: Traffic

Survey Results


Appendix 3.6- TRAFFIC DENSITY-DATA LOCATION: T1 25°12'7.26"N, 71°42'52.36"E

(UP & Down Combined) DATE OF MONITORING : 19/05/2019,

SUNDAY

SL. NO.

TIME (Hours)

MOTORIZED VEHICLES Non-Motorized Vehicle

TOTAL PCU Heavy

Motors Vehicles

Light Motors Vehicles

Car Three Wheel

ers

Two Whee

lers


1 9.00-10.00 89 23 33 16 27 7 195 525.5

2 10.00-11.00 79 28 26 14 40 7 194 485.5

3 11.00-12.00 83 20 25 20 34 6 188 489.5

4 12.00-13.00 64 17 30 22 16 7 156 401.5

5 13.00-14.00 54 13 33 18 18 8 144 354.5

6 14.00-15.00 47 13 24 12 21 3 120 289.5

7 15.00-16.00 49 16 28 8 18 5 124 309.5

8 16.00-17.00 72 21 33 9 22 3 160 420.5

9 17.00-18.00 83 24 32 13 24 4 180 482.5

10 18.00-19.00 76 23 35 14 13 9 170 468.0

11 19.00-20.00 69 15 23 23 7 2 139 390.5

12 20.00-21.00 56 10 12 8 2 1 89 292.0

13 21.00-22.00 45 6 11 1 0 0 63 223.5

14 22.00-23.00 32 1 9 0 0 0 42 154.5

15 23.00-00.00 30 0 4 0 0 0 34 139.0

16 00.00-01.00 35 0 0 0 0 0 35 157.5

17 01.00-02.00 33 0 0 0 0 0 33 148.5

18 02.00-03.00 28 0 0 0 0 0 28 126.0

19 03.00-04.00 28 0 0 0 0 0 28 126.0

20 04.00-05.00 25 0 0 0 0 0 25 112.5

21 05.00-06.00 16 1 2 0 0 0 19 75.5

22 06.00-07.00 26 7 7 1 8 0 49 139.5

23 07.00-08.00 40 11 20 7 10 2 90 236.5

24 08.00-09.00 58 17 31 15 24 3 148 356.5

Total Numbers 1217 266 418 201 284 67 2453 6904.5

PCU

Two Wheeler 0.5 Light Motor Vehicles 1.5

Three Wheeler

1.0 Heavy Motor Vehicles

4.5

Car 1.0 Camel-Drawn Vehicle 4.0


TRAFFIC DENSITY-DATA LOCATION: T1 25°12'7.26"N, 71°42'52.36"E (UP &

Down Combined) DATE OF MONITORING : 20/05/2019

MONDAY

SL. NO.

TIME (Hours)


TOTAL PCU Heavy Motor

Vehicles

Light Motor

Vehicles Car

Three Wheele

rs

Two Wheel

ers


1 9.00-10.00 60 38 52 15 20 4 189 420.0

2 10.00-11.00 65 34 53 10 29 3 194 433.0

3 11.00-12.00 63 42 57 15 28 4 209 448.5

4 12.00-13.00 68 48 60 10 21 4 211 474.5

5 13.00-14.00 72 36 51 12 23 1 195 456.5

6 14.00-15.00 72 31 50 11 17 1 182 444.0

7 15.00-16.00 70 24 40 8 25 1 168 415.5

8 16.00-17.00 58 29 33 14 19 2 155 369.0

9 17.00-18.00 57 30 34 10 13 2 146 360.0

10 18.00-19.00 55 29 40 10 13 5 152 367.5

11 19.00-20.00 67 23 34 5 12 1 142 385.0

12 20.00-21.00 51 19 34 2 6 0 112 297.0

13 21.00-22.00 42 11 18 1 0 0 72 224.5

14 22.00-23.00 33 9 6 0 0 0 48 168.0

15 23.00-00.00 28 4 0 0 0 0 32 132.0

16 00.00-01.00 21 0 0 0 0 0 21 94.5

17 01.00-02.00 17 0 0 0 0 0 17 76.5

18 02.00-03.00 13 0 0 0 0 0 13 58.5

19 03.00-04.00 16 0 0 0 0 0 16 72.0

20 04.00-05.00 16 0 0 0 0 0 16 72.0

21 05.00-06.00 16 1 0 0 0 0 17 73.5

22 06.00-07.00 18 6 4 1 2 0 31 96.0

23 07.00-08.00 37 14 13 8 7 1 80 216.0

24 08.00-09.00 53 28 29 11 13 2 136 335.0

Total Numbers 1068 456 608 143 248 31 2554 6489.0

PCU


Three Wheeler


4.5



TRAFFIC DENSITY-DATA LOCATION : T2 25°13'48.30"N, 71°31'40.46"E

(UP & Down Combined) DATE OF MONITORING : 19/05/2019 SUNDAY

SL. NO.

TIME(Hours)

MOTORIZED VEHICLES Non-Motorized Vehicle TOTAL PCU

Heavy Motors Vehicles


Car Three

Wheelers Two

Wheelers Bicycle/Camel-drawn

Vehicle

1 9.00-10.00 5 25 24 5 22 6 87 124.0

2 10.00-11.00 1 28 15 4 29 8 85 112.0

3 11.00-12.00 1 27 19 6 20 3 76 92.0

4 12.00-13.00 8 18 15 4 8 3 56 98.0

5 13.00-14.00 12 17 13 6 16 3 67 118.5

6 14.00-15.00 5 11 8 5 21 7 57 90.5

7 15.00-16.00 23 16 9 4 11 3 66 158.0

8 16.00-17.00 5 10 11 5 6 3 40 68.5

9 17.00-18.00 8 10 13 3 9 3 46 83.5

10 18.00-19.00 1 6 13 3 4 4 31 47.5

11 19.00-20.00 0 10 13 1 7 1 32 36.5

12 20.00-21.00 0 9 6 2 13 0 30 28.0

13 21.00-22.00 12 7 3 2 4 1 29 75.5

14 22.00-23.00 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1.0

15 23.00-00.00 7 2 0 0 0 0 9 34.5

16 00.00-01.00 7 0 0 0 0 0 7 31.5

17 01.00-02.00 12 0 0 0 0 0 12 54.0

18 02.00-03.00 8 0 0 0 0 0 8 36.0

19 03.00-04.00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0

20 04.00-05.00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0

21 05.00-06.00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0

22 06.00-07.00 0 0 1 1 3 0 5 3.5

23 07.00-08.00 6 12 13 3 6 2 42 72.0

24 08.00-09.00 3 23 25 8 13 5 77 107.5

Total Numbers 124 231 202 62 192 52 863 1472.5

PCU


Three Wheeler


4.5



TRAFFIC DENSITY-DATA LOCATION : T2 25°13'48.30"N, 71°31'40.46"E

(UP & Down Combined) DATE OF MONITORING : 20/05/2019 MONDAY

SL. NO

. TIME (Hours)


TOTAL PCU Heavy Motor Vehicle

s

Light Motor Vehicle

s

Car Three

Wheelers

Two Wheeler

s


1 9.00-10.00 3 28 29 4 30 4 98 119.5

2 10.00-11.00 3 27 23 8 23 4 88 112.5

3 11.00-12.00 1 23 31 4 19 3 81 95.5

4 12.00-13.00 11 16 16 5 22 3 73 117.5

5 13.00-14.00 2 9 19 2 20 2 54 61.5

6 14.00-15.00 2 15 14 4 9 4 48 70.0

7 15.00-16.00 13 5 17 6 6 1 48 96.0

8 16.00-17.00 14 8 6 4 11 2 45 98.5

9 17.00-18.00 12 11 13 6 9 4 55 110.0

10 18.00-19.00 4 15 22 4 24 1 70 82.5

11 19.00-20.00 0 13 17 4 18 4 56 65.5

12 20.00-21.00 4 5 16 3 21 5 54 75.0

13 21.00-22.00 4 2 4 0 12 2 24 39.0

14 22.00-23.00 7 0 3 0 3 0 13 36.0

15 23.00-00.00 3 0 0 0 0 0 3 13.5

16 00.00-01.00 19 0 0 0 0 0 19 85.5

17 01.00-02.00 7 0 0 0 0 0 7 31.5

18 02.00-03.00 17 0 0 0 0 0 17 76.5

19 03.00-04.00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0

20 04.00-05.00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0

21 05.00-06.00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0

22 06.00-07.00 2 9 6 3 0 2 22 39.5

23 07.00-08.00 4 11 18 6 1 4 44 75.0

24 08.00-09.00 4 13 26 6 16 7 72 105.5

Total Numbers 136 210 280

69 244 52 991 1606.

0

PCU


Three Wheeler


4.5



TRAFFIC DENSITY-DATA

LOCATION : T3 25°19'17.67"N, 71°32'9.50"E (UP & Down Combined)

DATE OF MONITORING : 24/05/2019 FRIDAY

SL. NO

.

TIME(Hours)


TOTAL PCU Heavy

Motors Vehicle

s

Light Motors Vehicle

s

Car Three

Wheelers

Two Wheeler

s


1 9.00-10.00 6 28 23 6 28 6 97 136.0

2 10.00-11.00 2 28 28 6 31 5 100 120.5

3 11.00-12.00 4 26 18 5 37 4 94 114.5

4 12.00-13.00 1 32 16 3 33 4 89 104.0

5 13.00-14.00 1 21 11 2 25 1 61 65.5

6 14.00-15.00 2 17 18 4 23 1 65 72.0

7 15.00-16.00 6 10 5 5 17 2 45 68.5

8 16.00-17.00 3 12 9 6 13 2 45 61.0

9 17.00-18.00 2 19 21 9 33 3 87 96.0

10 18.00-19.00 2 28 20 9 42 13 114 153.0

11 19.00-20.00 2 30 22 4 40 8 106 132.0

12 20.00-21.00 3 18 14 3 27 6 71 95.0

13 21.00-22.00 0 6 8 3 12 3 32 38.0

14 22.00-23.00 2 3 2 0 1 0 8 16.0

15 23.00-00.00 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 4.5

16 00.00-01.00 2 0 0 0 0 0 2 9.0

17 01.00-02.00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0

18 02.00-03.00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0

19 03.00-04.00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0

20 04.00-05.00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0

21 05.00-06.00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0

22 06.00-07.00 4 4 3 2 3 3 19 42.5

23 07.00-08.00 5 15 10 6 14 2 52 76.0

24 08.00-09.00 9 25 14 6 23 5 82 129.5

Total Numbers 57 322 242 79 402 68 1170 1533.5

PCU


Three Wheeler


4.5



TRAFFIC DENSITY-DATA

LOCATION : T3 25°19'17.67"N, 71°32'9.50"E (UP & Down Combined)

DATE OF MONITORING : 01/06/2019 SATURDAY

SL. NO

.

TIME(Hours)


TOTAL PCU Heavy Motor Vehicle

s

Light Motor Vehicle

s

Car Three

Wheelers

Two Wheeler

s


1 9.00-10.00 6 15 27 15 16 19 98 175.5

2 10.00-11.00 4 15 27 19 14 16 95 157.5

3 11.00-12.00 5 10 19 15 13 15 77 138.0

4 12.00-13.00 2 13 15 13 10 8 61 93.5

5 13.00-14.00 6 17 16 12 9 12 72 133.0

6 14.00-15.00 2 15 18 2 15 3 55 71.0

7 15.00-16.00 4 14 17 9 3 4 51 82.5

8 16.00-17.00 6 13 29 7 8 9 72 122.5

9 17.00-18.00 1 7 36 6 16 16 82 129.0

10 18.00-19.00 3 16 18 13 21 7 78 107.0

11 19.00-20.00 0 14 22 13 18 21 88 149.0

12 20.00-21.00 2 11 15 3 24 17 72 123.5

13 21.00-22.00 3 9 4 7 12 7 42 72.0

14 22.00-23.00 2 5 1 0 4 1 13 23.5

15 23.00-00.00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0

16 00.00-01.00 2 2 0 0 0 0 4 12.0

17 01.00-02.00 1 1 0 0 0 0 2 6.0

18 02.00-03.00 5 3 0 0 0 0 8 27.0

19 03.00-04.00 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 4.5

20 04.00-05.00 2 0 0 0 0 0 2 9.0

21 05.00-06.00 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 4.0

22 06.00-07.00 4 6 4 3 1 1 19 38.5

23 07.00-08.00 4 8 10 10 6 14 52 109.0

24 08.00-09.00 7 8 16 14 11 24 80 175.0

Total Numbers 72 202 294 161 201 195 1125 1962.5

PCU


Three Wheeler


4.5



TRAFFIC DENSITY-DATA LOCATION : T4 25° 4'18.82"N, 71°36'53.16"E (UP & Down

Combined) DATE OF MONITORING : 24/05/2019

FRIDAY

SL. NO

.

TIME(Hours)


TOTAL

PCU

Heavy Motors Vehicle

s

Light Motors Vehicle

s

Car Three

Wheelers

Two Wheeler

s


1 9.00-10.00 78 50 72 16 38 10 264 573.0

2 10.00-11.00 90 61 75 22 39 8 295 645.0

3 11.00-12.00 74 65 89 24 43 11 306 609.0

4 12.00-13.00 75 49 85 16 35 8 268 561.5

5 13.00-14.00 88 44 100 17 36 14 299 653.0

6 14.00-15.00 94 71 107 19 26 10 327 708.5

7 15.00-16.00 88 80 95 13 20 4 300 650.0

8 16.00-17.00 106 51 81 11 20 5 274 675.5

9 17.00-18.00 79 50 90 18 24 3 264 562.5

10 18.00-19.00 95 47 91 16 26 7 282 646.0

11 19.00-20.00 103 45 95 9 35 7 294 680.5

12 20.00-21.00 75 33 91 5 22 2 228 502.0

13 21.00-22.00 78 20 74 2 13 0 187 463.5

14 22.00-23.00 63 24 63 1 45 0 196 406.0

15 23.00-00.00 54 7 54 0 11 0 126 313.0

16 00.00-01.00 37 2 32 0 6 0 77 204.5

17 01.00-02.00 43 1 24 0 0 0 68 219.0

18 02.00-03.00 29 2 14 0 0 0 45 147.5

19 03.00-04.00 19 5 7 0 0 0 31 100.0

20 04.00-05.00 22 2 0 0 0 0 24 102.0

21 05.00-06.00 28 1 4 0 3 2 38 141.0

22 06.00-07.00 38 22 26 7 17 11 121 289.5

23 07.00-08.00 55 36 50 13 23 7 184 404.0

24 08.00-09.00 70 55 73 18 38 10 264 547.5

Total Numbers 1581 823 1492 227 520 119 4762 10804.0

PCU


Three Wheeler


4.5



TRAFFIC DENSITY-DATA LOCATION : T4 25° 4'18.82"N, 71°36'53.16"E (UP & Down

Combined) DATE OF MONITORING : 26/05/2019

SUNDAY

SL. NO.

TIME(Hours)


TOTAL PCU Heavy Motors Vehicles


Car Three

Wheelers Two

Wheelers Bicycle/Camel-drawn

Vehicle

1 9.00-10.00 75 62 55 45 28 22 287 632.5

2 10.00-11.00 85 68 58 48 39 37 335 758.0

3 11.00-12.00 87 79 42 40 31 29 308 723.5

4 12.00-13.00 96 70 64 35 42 37 344 805.0

5 13.00-14.00 108 79 55 35 30 36 343 853.5

6 14.00-15.00 87 63 52 23 29 5 259 595.5

7 15.00-16.00 65 46 39 30 27 16 223 508.0

8 16.00-17.00 76 51 36 23 17 15 218 546.0

9 17.00-18.00 91 71 41 36 26 31 296 730.0

10 18.00-19.00 81 77 39 35 20 27 279 672.0

11 19.00-20.00 87 81 28 48 31 37 312 752.5

12 20.00-21.00 61 56 38 34 32 16 237 510.5

13 21.00-22.00 62 58 35 26 23 7 211 466.5

14 22.00-23.00 42 40 20 16 13 8 139 323.5

15 23.00-00.00 64 38 13 11 0 0 126 369.0

16 00.00-01.00 39 26 7 7 0 0 79 228.5

17 01.00-02.00 25 17 9 0 0 0 51 147.0

18 02.00-03.00 36 25 0 0 0 0 61 199.5

19 03.00-04.00 35 22 2 4 0 0 63 196.5

20 04.00-05.00 36 20 2 8 0 0 66 202.0

21 05.00-06.00 37 12 7 2 2 2 62 202.5

22 06.00-07.00 53 30 22 26 21 9 161 378.0

23 07.00-08.00 71 55 40 29 28 16 239 549.0

24 08.00-09.00 72 57 54 35 40 23 281 610.5

Total Numbers 1571 1203 758 596 479 373 4980 11959.5

PCU


Three Wheeler


4.5


Appendix 3.7:

Mammals of the

Study Area

Appendix 3.7 - Mammals of the Study Area

Table 1 presents the details of mammalian species having recorded ranges that include the study area.

The details include the scientific name, common name and IUCN Red List status of each species. Where

applicable, the WPA Schedule in which the species is listed is also mentioned. The names of species

recorded during the faunal sampling appear in bold font.

Table 1-: Mammals of the Study Area

Sr. No.

Scientific Name Common Name IUCN Status*

WPA Schedule**

1 Boselaphus tragocamelus Nilgai LC III

2 Gazella bennettii Indian Gazelle LC I

3 Antilope cervicapra Blackbuck LC I

4 Sus scrofa Indian Wild Pig LC III

5 Caracal caracal Caracal LC I

6 Felis sylvestris Asiatic Wildcat LC I

7 Felis chaus Jungle Cat LC II

8 Viverricula indica Small Indian Civet LC II

9 Herpestes edwardsii Grey Mongoose LC II

10 Herpestes auropunctatus Small Indian Mongoose LC IV

11 Hyaena hyaena Striped Hyaena LC III

12 Canis lupus Grey Wolf LC I

13 Canis aureus Golden Jackal LC II

14 Vulpes bengalensis Indian Fox LC II

15 Vulpes vulpes Red Fox LC II

16 Mellivora capensis Honey Badger LC I

17 Lutrogale perspicillata Smooth-coated Otter VU I

18 Lepus nigricollis Indian Hare LC IV

19 Suncus murinus House Shrew LC -

20 Paraechinus micropus Indian Hedgehog LC IV

21 Hemiechinus collaris Desert Hedgehog LC -

22 Hystrix indica Indian Crested Porcupine LC IV

23 Funambulus pennantii Five-striped Palm Squirrel LC IV

24 Tatera indica Indian Gerbil LC -

25 Meriones hurrianae Indian Desert Jird LC -

26 Gerbillus gleadowi Little Indian Hairy-footed Gerbil LC -

27 Mus musculus House Mouse LC V

28 Mus booduga Little Indian Field Mouse LC V

29 Golunda ellioti Indian Bush Rat LC V

30 Bandicota bengalensis Lesser Bandicoot Rat LC V

31 Rattus rattus House Rat LC V

32 Pipistrellus tenuis Indian Pygmy Bat LC - *Status assigned by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources, where –EN – Endangered; VU –

Vulnerable; NT – Near Threatened; LC – Least Concern and DD – Data Deficient.

**Schedules I to VI: Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972.

Sources: Vivek Menon (2014), Indian Mammals: A Field Guide. Hachette Book Publishing India Pvt. Ltd., Gurgaon, India, pp 1-

522; IUCN (2019). The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2019-1; Schedules I to VI: Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act,

1972.

Appendix 3.8:

Resident Birds of

the Study Area

Appendix 3.8: Resident Birds of the Study Area

Table 1 presents the details of resident bird species having recorded ranges that include the study

area. The details include the scientific name, common name and IUCN Red List status of each species.

Where applicable, the WPA Schedule in which the species is listed is also mentioned. The names of

species recorded during the faunal sampling appear in bold font.

Table 1: Resident Birds of the Study Area

Sr.

No.

Scientific Name Common Name IUCN

Status*

WPA

Schedule**

1 Francolinus pondecerianus Grey Francolin LC IV

2 Pavo cristatus Indian Peafowl LC I

3 Threskiornis melanocephalus Black-headed Ibis NT IV

4 Pseudibis papillosa Red-naped Ibis LC IV

5 Platalea leucorodia Eurasian Spoonbill LC I

6 Bubulcus ibis Cattle Egret LC IV

7 Egretta garzetta Little Egret LC IV

8 Falco chicquera Red-necked Falcon NT I

9 Falco jugger Laggar Falcon NT I

10 Elanus caeruleus Black-winged Kite LC IV

11 Milvus migrans Black Kite LC IV

12 Neophrons percnopterus Egyptian Vulture EN IV

13 Gyps bengalensis White-rumped Vulture CR I

14 Gyps indicus Indian Vulture CR I

15 Accipiter badius Shikra LC I

16 Butastur teesa White-eyed Buzzard LC IV

17 Aquila rapax Tawny Eagle LC IV

18 Ardeotis nigriceps Great Indian Bustard CR I

19 Burhinus (oedicnemus) indicus Indian Thick-knee LC IV

20 Himantopus himantopus Black-winged Stilt LC IV

21 Vanellus indicus Red-wattled Lapwing LC IV

22 Charadris dubius Little Ringed Plover LC IV

23 Rostratula bengalensis Greater Painted-snipe NE IV

24 Cursorius coromandelicus Indian Courser LC -

25 Pterocles exustus Chestnut-bellied Sandgrouse LC IV

26 Columba livia Common Pigeon LC -

27 Streptopelia decaocto Eurasian Collared Dove LC IV

28 Stigmatopelia senegalensis Laughing Dove LC IV

29 Psittacula krameri Rose-ringed Parakeet LC IV

30 Clamator jacobinus Jacobin Cuckoo LC IV

31 Centropus (sinensis) parroti Southern Coucal LC IV

32 Athene brama Spotted Owlet LC IV

33 Bubo bubo Eurasian Eagle Owl LC IV

34 Caprimulgus asiaticus Indian Nightjar LC IV

35 Apus affinis Little Swift LC -

36 Coracias benghalensis Indian Roller LC IV

37 Halcyon smyrnensis White-throated Kingfisher LC IV

38 Ceryle rudis Pied Kingfisher LC IV

39 Merops orientalis Green Bee-eater LC -

40 Dendrocopos mahrattensis Yellow-crowned Woodpecker LC IV

41 Pericrocotus cinnamomeus Small Minivet LC IV

42 Lanius vittatus Bay-backed Shrike LC -

43 Lanius schach Long-tailed Shrike LC -

44 Lanius meridionalis Southern Grey Shrike LC -

45 Dicrurus macrocercus Black Drongo LC -

46 Corvus (corax) subcorax Punjab Raven LC IV

47 Corvus splendens House Crow LC V

48 Ptyonoprogne concolor Dusky Crag Martin LC -

49 Mirafra erythroptera Indian Bushlark LC IV

50 Alaemon alaudipes Greater Hoopoe Lark LC IV

51 Eremopterix griseus Ashy-crowned Sparrow Lark LC IV

52 Galerida cristata Crested Lark LC IV

53 Alauda gulgula Oriental Skylark LC IV

54 Pycnonotus leucotis White-eared Bulbul LC IV

55 Pycnonotus cafer Red-vented Bulbul LC IV

56 Prinia inornata Plain Prinia LC -

57 Prinia buchanani Rufous-fronted Prinia LC -

58 Orthotomus sutorius Common Tailorbird LC -

59 Turdoides caudata Common Babbler LC IV

60 Turdoides malcolmi Large Grey Babbler LC IV

61 Turdoides striata Jungle Babbler LC IV

62 Acridotheres ginginianus Bank Myna LC IV

63 Acridotheres tristis Common Myna LC IV

64 Sturnia pagodarum Brahminy Starling LC IV

65 Saxicoloides fulicatus Indian Robin LC IV

66 Saxicola caprata Pied Bushchat LC IV

67 Cinnyris asiaticus Purple Sunbird LC IV

68 Passer domesticus House Sparrow LC -

69 Gymnoris xanthocollis Chestnut-shouldered

Petronia

LC -

70 Euodice malabarica Indian Silverbill LC -

71 Emberiza striolata Striolated Bunting LC IV

*Status assigned by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources, where –

CR – Critically Endangered; EN – Endangered; NT – Near Threatened; LC – Least Concern and NE – Not

Evaluated.


Appendix 3.9:

Migratory Birds of

the Study Area

Appendix 3.9- Migratory Birds of the Study Area

Table 1 presents the details of migratory bird species having recorded ranges that include the study

area. The details include the scientific name, common name, IUCN Red List status and the migration

season/type of each species. Where applicable, the WPA Schedule in which the species is listed is also

mentioned. The names of species recorded during the faunal sampling appear in bold font.

Table 1: Migratory Birds of the Study Area

Sr.

No.


Status*

WPA

Schedule**

Migration

Season/

Type

1 Coturnix coturnix Common Quail LC IV Winter

2 Coturnix coromandelica Rain Quail LC IV Summer

3 Anser indicus Bar-headed Goose LC IV Winter

4 Anas strepera Gadwall LC IV Winter

5 Anas clypeata Northern Shoveler LC IV Winter

6 Anas acuta Northern Pintail LC IV Winter

7 Anas crecca Common Teal LC IV Winter

8 Ciconia ciconia White Stork LC IV Winter

9 Phoenicopterus roseus Greater Flamingo LC IV Winter

10 Ardea cinerea Grey Heron LC IV Winter

11 Microcarbo niger Little Cormorant LC IV Winter

12 Falco tinnunculus Common Kestrel LC IV Winter

13 Falco (peregrinus)

pelegrinoides

Barbary Falcon NE IV Winter

14 Milvus (migrans) lineatus Black-eared Kite NE IV Winter

15 Pandion haliaetus Osprey LC I Winter

16 Gyps fulvus Griffon Vulture LC IV Winter

17 Aegypius monachus Cinereous Vulture NT IV Winter

18 Circaetus gallicus Short-toed Snake

Eagle

LC IV Winter

19 Circus macrourus Pallid Harrier NT IV Winter

20 Buteo rufinus Long-legged Buzzard LC IV Winter

21 Aquila clanga Greater Spotted Eagle VU IV Winter

22 Aquila nipalensis Steppe Eagle EN IV Winter

23 Aquila heliaca Eastern Imperial

Eagle

VU IV Winter

24 Aquila fasciata Bonelli’s Eagle LC IV Winter

25 Hieraaetus pennatus Booted Eagle LC IV Winter

26 Chlamydotis macqueenii Macqueen’s Bustard VU I Winter

27 Grus virgo Demoiselle Crane LC IV Winter

28 Recurvirostra avosetta Pied Avocet LC IV Winter

29 Calidris pugnax Ruff LC IV Winter

30 Gallinago gallinago Common Snipe LC IV Winter

31 Tringa nebularia Common Greenshank LC IV Winter

32 Tringa ochropus Green Sandpiper LC IV Winter

33 Actitis hypoleucos Common Sandpiper LC IV Winter

34 Calidris minuta Little Stint LC IV Winter

35 Calidris temminckii Temminck's Stint LC IV Winter

36 Cursorius cursor Cream-coloured

Courser

LC IV Winter

37 Pterocles senegallus Spotted Sandgrouse LC IV Winter

38 Pterocles orientalis Black-bellied

Sandgrouse

LC IV Winter

39 Asio flammeus Short-eared Owl LC IV Winter

40 Upupa epops Common Hoopoe LC - Winter

41 Coracias garrulus Eurasian Roller LC IV Passage

42 Merops persicus Blue-cheeked Bee-

eater

LC - Summer

43 Jynx torquilla Eurasian Wryneck LC IV Winter

44 Lanius isabellinus Isabelline Shrike LC - Winter

45 Lanius phoenicuroides Red-tailed Shrike LC - Passage

46 Hirundo rustica Barn Swallow LC - Winter

47 Melanocorypha

bimaculata

Bimaculated Lark LC IV Winter

48 Ammomanes phoenicura Rufous-tailed Lark LC IV Summer

49 Calandrella brachydactyla Greater Short-toed

Lark

LC IV Winter

50 Phylloscopus collybita Common Chiffchaff LC - Winter

51 Phylloscopus neglectus Plain Leaf Warbler LC - Winter

52 Sylvia curruca Lesser Whitethroat LC - Winter

53 Sylvia (curruca) minula Desert Whitethroat LC - Winter

54 Sylvia althaea Hume’s Whitethroat LC - Passage

55 Sylvia nana Asian Desert Warbler LC - Winter

56 Pastor roseus Rosy Starling LC IV Winter

57 Luscinia svecica Bluethroat LC IV Winter

58 Phoenicurus ochruros Black Redstart LC IV Winter

59 Saxicola torquatus Common Stonechat LC IV Winter

60 Oenanthe isabellina Isabelline Wheatear LC IV Winter

61 Oenanthe chrysopygia Red-tailed Wheatear LC IV Winter

62 Oenanthe deserti Desert Wheatear LC IV Winter

63 Oenanthe picta Variable Wheatear LC IV Winter

64 Monticola solitarius Blue Rock Thrush LC IV Winter

65 Passer hispaniolensis Spanish Sparrow LC IV Winter

66 Motacilla alba White Wagtail LC - Winter

67 Anthus campestris Tawny Pipit LC IV Winter

68 Emberiza bruniceps Red-headed Bunting LC IV Passage

*Status assigned by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources, where –CR – Critically Endangered; EN –

Endangered, VU – Vulnerable; NT – Near Threatened, LC – Least Concern and NE – Not Evaluated.


Sources: R. Grimmett, C. Inskipp & T. Inskipp (2011). Birds of the Indian Subcontinent. Oxford University Press, pp 1-528; Salim Ali (2012) reprinted.

The Book of Indian Birds. Oxford University Press, pp 1-326; IUCN (2019). The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2019-1; Schedules I to

VI: Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972.

Appendix 3.10:

Reptiles of the

Study Area

Appendix 3.10- Reptiles of the Study Area

Table 1 presents the details of reptilian species having recorded ranges that include the study area.

The details include the scientific name, common name and IUCN Red List status of each species.

Where applicable, the WPA Schedule in which the species is listed is also mentioned. The names of

species recorded during the faunal sampling appear in bold font.

Table 1: Reptiles of the Study Area

Sr.

No.


Status*

WPA

Schedule**

1 Ramphotyphlops braminus Brahminy Worm Snake NE IV

2 Python molurus molurus Indian Rock Python NE I

3 Eryx conicus Common Sand Boa NE IV

4 Eryx johnii Red Sand Boa LC IV

5 Coelognathus helena helena Common Trinket Snake NE IV

6 Ptyas mucosa Indian Rat Snake NE II

7 Coluber ventromaculatus Glossy-bellied Racer NE IV

8 Spalerosophis atriceps Black-headed Royal Snake NE IV

9 Oligodon taeniolatus Variegated Kukri Snake LC IV

10 Oligodon arnensis Common Kukri Snake NE IV

11 Lycodon striatus Barred Wolf Snake NE IV

12 Lycodon aulicus Common Wolf Snake LC IV

13 Xenochrophis piscator Checkered Keelback NE II

14 Amphiesma stolatum Buff-striped Keelback NE IV

15 Boiga trigonata Indian Gamma Snake LC IV

16 Psammophis leithii Leith’s Sand Snake NE IV

17 Bungarus caeruleus Common Indian Krait NE IV

18 Naja naja Spectacled Cobra NE II

19 Daboia russelii Russell's Viper LC II

20 Echis carinata Saw Scaled Viper NE IV

21 Bufoniceps laungwalansis Laungwala Toad-headed Lizard NE -

22 Calotes versicolor Indian Garden Lizard NE -

23 Sitana ponticeriana Fan-throated Lizard LC -

24 Chamaeleo zeylanicus South Asian Chamaeleon LC II

25 Eublepharis macularius Common Asian Leopard Gecko LC -

26 Crossobamon orientalis Sindh Sand Gecko NE -

27 Cyrtopodion scabrum Keeled Rock Gecko NE -

28 Hemidactylus flaviviridis Yellow-green House Gecko NE -

29 Acanthodactylus cantoris Indian Fringe-toed Lizard NE -

30 Ophisops jerdoni Snake-eyed Lacerta LC -

31 Mabuya carinata Keeled Grass Skink LC -

32 Ophiomorus raithmai Indian Sandfish LC -

33 Uromastyx hardwickii Hardwicke’s Spiny-tailed Lizard NE II

34 Varanus griseus Desert Monitor NE I *Status assigned by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources, where – LC – Least Concern and NE – Not Evaluated.


Sources: Indraneil Das and Abhijit Das (2017). Reptiles of India. Prakash Books, New Delhi, pp. 1-156; J.C. Daniel (2002) reprinted edition (2016). The Book of Indian Reptiles

and Amphibians, Bombay Natural History Society and Oxford University Press, pp.13-215; IUCN (2019). The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2019-1;

Schedules I to VI: Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972.

Appendix 3.11:

Amphibians of the

Study Area

Appendix 3.11: Amphibians of the Study Area

Table 1 presents the details of amphibian species having recorded ranges that include the study area.

The details include the scientific name, common name and the IUCN Red List status of each species.

As evident from the table, none of the species is listed in any WPA Schedule.

Table 1: Amphibians of the Study Area

Sr.

No.


Status*

WPA

Schedule**

1 Duttaphrynus stomaticus Marbled Toad LC -

2 Duttaphrynus melanostictus Common Indian Toad LC -

3 Microhyla ornata Ant Frog LC -

4 Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis Skittering Frog LC -

5 Euphlyctis hexadactylus Indian Pond Frog LC -

6 Hoplobatrachus tigerinus Indian Bull Frog LC -

7 Fejervarya limnocharis Cricket Frog LC -

8 Sphaerotheca breviceps Indian Burrowing Frog LC -

*Status assigned by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources, where –

LC – Least Concern.


Sources: Banyal H. S. and Kumar Sanjeev, (2017). Anuran Diversity of Western Rajasthan. J. Env. Bio-

Sci., 2017: Vol. 31(2): 331-333; R. J. Ranjit Daniels, (2005). Amphibians of Peninsular India. Indian

Academy of Sciences, Universities Press, pp 1-258; J.C. Daniel (2002) reprinted edition (2016). The

Book of Indian Reptiles and Amphibians, Bombay Natural History Society and Oxford University Press,

pp.13-215; IUCN (2019). The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2019-1; Schedules I to VI:

Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972.

Appendix 3.12:

Fishes of the Study

Area

Appendix 3.12- Fishes of the Study Area

Table 1 presents the details of fish species having recorded ranges that include the study area. The

details include the scientific name, common name and the IUCN Red List status of each species. As

evident from the table, none of the species is listed in any WPA Schedule.

Table 1: Fishes of the Study Area

Sr.

No.


Status*

WPA

Schedule**

1 Pethia ticto Ticto Barb LC -

2 Puntius sophore Spotfin Swamp Barb LC -

3 Rasbora daniconius Slender Barb LC -

4 Labeo rohita Rohu LC -

5 Cirrhinus mrigala Mrigal LC -

6 Mystus gulio Long Whiskers Catfish LC -

7 Notopterus notopterus Bronze Featherback LC -

8 Channa punctata Spotted Snakehead LC -

*Status assigned by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources, where –LC – Least Concern.


Sources: Banyal H. S. and Kumar Sanjeev, (2014). Fish Diversity of Luni River in Sanchore Region of Rajasthan. J. Env. Bio-Sci.,

2017: Vol. 28(1): 45-46; R. J. Ranjit Daniels, (2002). Freshwater Fishes of Peninsular India, Indian Academy of Sciences,

Universities Press, pp 1-288; IUCN (2019). The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2019-1; Schedules I to VI: Indian

Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972.

Appendix 3.13:

Demographic

Profile of the Study

Area

1/5

Appendix 3.13- Demographic profile of the study area

CORE ZONE

Table 1. Core Zone Village: Demography

Well

No.

Core Zone Village Total

Population

Male (%) Female

(%)

Sex

Ratio

No of

Household

Household

Size

SC (%) ST (%)

1 Alamsariya 650 54.62 45.38 830.99 102 6.37 19.38 0

2 Ardarsh Lookhoo 736 55.98 44.02 786.41 123 5.98 2.58 3.53

3 Barasan 1655 51.66 48.34 935.67 284 5.83 37.64 0

4 Bhambhuon Ka Bas 703 52.20 47.80 915.53 114 6.17 20.34 17.50

5 Bhimthal 1277 50.98 49.02 961.60 240 5.32 14.88 6.03

6 Chak Gudha 940 53.09 46.91 883.77 172 5.47 32.77 0

7 Dudapur 575 50.61 49.39 975.95 82 7.01 12.87 0

8 Jakhron Ki Dhani 863 50.75 49.25 970.32 151 5.72 25.38 0

9 Jeewaniyon Ki Dhani 1529 51.99 48.01 923.27 261 5.86 24.13 0.59

10 Khadiyali Nadi 745 51.81 48.19 930.05 113 6.59 0.27 0

11 Kheecharo Ka Was 794 52.90 47.10 890.48 137 5.80 3.65 0

12 Lalaniyon Ki Dhani 486 53.70 46.30 862.07 81 6.00 0 0

13 Lookhon Ka Nada 673 53.34 46.66 874.65 115 5.85 0 0

14 Meethi Beri 597 53.43 46.57 871.47 109 5.48 0 0

15 Mehloo 885 54.12 45.88 847.60 148 5.98 11.07 0

16 Mokhawa 2488 52.09 47.91 919.75 428 5.81 5.43 27.17

17 Mokhawa Khurd 1609 52.77 47.23 895.17 270 5.96 16.72 0

18 Nai Band 729 52.40 47.60 908.38 133 5.48 1.37 0

19 Pabubera 1016 53.54 46.46 867.65 162 6.27 5.61 0

20 Ranasar Khurd 2206 52.86 47.14 891.94 432 5.11 9.29 4.35

21 Relon Ki Beri 654 53.36 46.64 873.93 97 6.74 0 0

22 Sauon Ka Goliya 519 51.06 48.94 958.49 87 5.97 9.44 0

23 Seelgan 1315 52.40 47.60 908.56 233 5.64 77.72 0

24 Siyolon Ki Beri 601 50.75 49.25 970.49 97 6.20 2.50 0

25 Tajaniyon Ki Dhani 575 51.48 48.52 942.57 84 6.85 24.35 0

Table 2. Core Zone Village: Literacy

Well

No.

Core Zone Village Literate (%) Male Literate (%) Female Literate (%)

1 Alamsariya 51.23 43.86 59.84

2 Ardarsh Lookhoo 70.00 61.85 80.00

3 Barasan 75.02 60.23 90.80

2/5

Well

No.

Core Zone Village Literate (%) Male Literate (%) Female Literate (%)

4 Bhambhuon Ka Bas 74.59 65.97 84.03

5 Bhimthal 56.80 42.12 72.91

6 Chak Gudha 58.76 46.84 71.70

7 Dudapur 72.25 54.74 90.54

8 Jakhron Ki Dhani 54.93 46.24 63.82

9 Jeewaniyon Ki Dhani 66.11 51.89 82.03

10 Khadiyali Nadi 63.13 48.49 79.33

11 Kheecharo Ka Was 59.69 46.84 74.27

12 Lalaniyon Ki Dhani 74.47 69.85 79.56

13 Lookhon Ka Nada 74.45 58.28 94.31

14 Meethi Beri 68.75 59.50 78.83

15 Mehloo 67.61 61.52 74.33

16 Mokhawa 75.38 59.78 92.39

17 Mokhawa Khurd 60.17 43.64 79.77

18 Nai Band 55.28 44.19 67.25

19 Pabubera 78.90 65.75 94.16

20 Ranasar Khurd 68.44 55.59 83.01

21 Relon Ki Beri 70.15 56.43 85.77

22 Sauon Ka Goliya 74.58 61.09 90.10

23 Seelgan 73.83 59.89 89.45

24 Siyolon Ki Beri 56.45 43.80 70.17

25 Tajaniyon Ki Dhani 80.48 70.51 90.99

Source: <Source>

Table 3. Core Zone Village: Livelihood

Well No. Core Zone Village Total

Working

Population

(%)

Main

Working

Population

(%)

Marginal

Working

Population

(%)

Cultivator

(%)

Agricultural

Worker (%)

Household

Worker (%)

Other

(%) Non-

Worker

(%)

1 Alamsariya 54.77 99.72 0.28 96.63 0.00 0.00 3.37 45.23

2 Ardarsh Lookhoo 46.88 97.97 2.03 53.62 1.16 11.01 34.20 53.13

3 Barasan 41.63 99.85 0.15 85.78 0.15 2.47 11.61 58.37

4 Bhambhuon Ka Bas 52.49 15.18 84.82 86.18 0.27 0.54 13.01 47.51

5 Bhimthal 50.67 54.10 45.90 46.06 13.91 0.93 39.10 49.33

6 Chak Gudha 25.53 98.33 1.67 56.67 25.83 2.08 15.42 74.47

7 Dudapur 51.48 78.72 21.28 76.01 2.70 0.68 20.61 48.52

8 Jakhron Ki Dhani 50.29 76.04 23.96 54.15 1.38 0.92 43.55 49.71

9 Jeewaniyon Ki Dhani 49.57 77.57 22.43 94.20 2.51 0.66 2.64 50.43

10 Khadiyali Nadi 59.06 89.32 10.68 96.14 0.23 0.00 3.64 40.94

3/5

Well No. Core Zone Village Total

Working

Population

(%)

Main

Working

Population

(%)

Marginal

Working

Population

(%)

Cultivator

(%)

Agricultural

Worker (%)

Household

Worker (%)

Other

(%) Non-

Worker

(%)

11 Kheecharo Ka Was 50.88 68.32 31.68 55.20 0.74 0.25 43.81 49.12

12 Lalaniyon Ki Dhani 50.21 45.90 54.10 78.69 1.23 0.00 20.08 49.79

13 Lookhon Ka Nada 57.50 98.97 1.03 96.12 0.00 0.00 3.88 42.50

14 Meethi Beri 44.05 99.62 0.38 75.67 0.00 4.18 20.15 55.95

15 Mehloo 35.71 66.46 33.54 49.37 2.85 4.43 43.35 64.29

16 Mokhawa 36.74 61.38 38.62 73.63 9.74 0.11 16.52 63.26

17 Mokhawa Khurd 48.97 66.50 33.50 88.83 2.28 2.28 6.60 51.03

18 Nai Band 57.20 56.12 43.88 73.38 14.87 0.72 11.03 42.80

19 Pabubera 39.86 66.91 33.09 39.01 2.47 0.25 58.27 60.14

20 Ranasar Khurd 57.30 52.22 47.78 73.81 13.45 0.00 12.74 42.70

21 Relon Ki Beri 53.36 99.71 0.29 96.56 0.00 0.00 3.44 46.64

22 Sauon Ka Goliya 42.58 57.92 42.08 53.85 16.29 5.43 24.43 57.42

23 Seelgan 43.80 26.56 73.44 64.76 0.35 2.08 32.81 56.20

24 Siyolon Ki Beri 60.90 41.80 58.20 97.27 0.82 0.00 1.91 39.10

25 Tajaniyon Ki Dhani 36.52 90.00 10.00 56.19 1.43 0.00 42.38 63.48

BUFFER ZONE

Table 1. Buffer Zone Village: Demography

SWell No. Buffer Zone Village Total

Population

Male (%) Female (%) Sex

Ratio

No of

Household

Household

Size

SC (%) ST (%)

1 Aalpura 2827 51.89 48.11 927.06 461 6.13 10.01 5.91

2 Andaniyon Ki Beri 669 48.73 51.27 1052.15 127 5.27 34.53 0

3 Bakani Sarnon Ki Dhani 186 52.15 47.85 917.53 34 5.47 0 0

4 Bhilon Ki Dhani Kalan 1275 54.27 45.73 842.49 211 6.04 0 55.61

5 Chhotu 775 54.45 45.55 836.49 131 5.92 5.03 0

6 Dharmpura 681 51.25 48.75 951.29 110 6.19 0 0

7 Dheemri 1080 50.65 49.35 974.41 160 6.75 17.59 0

8 Gudhamalani 6336 51.66 48.34 935.84 1115 5.68 20.41 0.38

9 Joona Khera 368 51.09 48.91 957.45 61 6.03 0 0

10 Jugtaniyon Ki Dhani 321 52.96 47.04 888.24 58 5.53 2.49 0

11 Khadali 1018 52.46 47.54 906.37 181 5.62 16.01 0

12 Lakhari Nadi 988 52.33 47.67 911.03 156 6.33 10.53 0

13 Moodhsar 288 54.17 45.83 846.15 44 6.55 71.88 0

4/5

SWell No. Buffer Zone Village Total

Population

Male (%) Female (%) Sex

Ratio

No of

Household

Household

Size

SC (%) ST (%)

14 Naya Kua 1501 51.23 48.77 951.89 286 5.25 34.64 17.26

15 Nehron Ka Tala 444 56.31 43.69 776.00 73 6.08 26.35 2.70

16 Peeprali 1101 53.59 46.41 866.10 197 5.59 27.07 0.36

17 Phardodon Ki Dhani 441 52.15 47.85 917.39 63 7.00 0 0

18 Rohila 665 51.13 48.87 955.88 106 6.27 22.26 0

19 Sanawara Kalan 1654 52.72 47.28 896.79 263 6.29 9.13 0

20 Seeloo 1026 53.22 46.78 879.12 190 5.40 20.57 29.34

21 Shiv Nagar 699 49.93 50.07 1002.87 112 6.24 76.11 3.72

22 Siyolon Ki Dhani 1239 52.14 47.86 917.96 208 5.96 4.92 0.24

23 Sudaberi 514 50.19 49.81 992.25 84 6.12 0 0

24 Thoriyon Ka Tala 863 50.75 49.25 970.32 163 5.29 0 9.73

25 Udasar 242 50.00 50.00 1000.00 46 5.26 0 0

Source: <Source>

Table 3. Buffer Zone Village: Literacy

Well No. Buffer Zone Village Literate (%) Male Literate (%) Female Literate (%)

1 Aalpura 64.00 51.10 77.81

2 Andaniyon Ki Beri 44.25 32.97 55.24

3 Bakani Sarnon Ki Dhani 57.33 38.75 78.57

4 Bhilon Ki Dhani Kalan 89.15 72.42 108.44

5 Chhotu 61.36 41.55 85.61

6 Dharmpura 71.65 54.44 90.08

7 Dheemri 62.00 49.34 75.35

8 Gudhamalani 54.68 40.49 69.70

9 Joona Khera 78.05 63.01 93.62

10 Jugtaniyon Ki Dhani 58.21 43.06 75.81

11 Khadali 76.12 60.19 93.64

12 Lakhari Nadi 77.75 63.98 93.89

13 Moodhsar 57.87 48.00 69.09

14 Naya Kua 77.32 65.02 90.49

15 Nehron Ka Tala 80.95 71.14 93.59

16 Peeprali 56.59 45.64 69.12

17 Phardodon Ki Dhani 65.14 58.66 71.93

18 Rohila 61.42 39.11 85.60

19 Sanawara Kalan 55.32 42.86 69.31

20 Seeloo 84.27 70.55 100.00

21 Shiv Nagar 75.36 66.43 84.42

22 Siyolon Ki Dhani 77.24 63.53 92.13

23 Sudaberi 60.50 45.74 75.81

5/5

Well No. Buffer Zone Village Literate (%) Male Literate (%) Female Literate (%)

24 Thoriyon Ka Tala 77.15 61.74 93.31

25 Udasar 42.58 28.85 56.19

Table 3. Buffer Zone Village: Livelihood

Well

No.

Buffer Zone

Village

Total

Working

Population

(%)

Main

Working

Population

(%)

Marginal

Working

Population (%)

Cultivator

(%)

Agricultural

Worker (%)

Household

Worker (%)

Other

(%)

Non-

Worker

(%)

1 Aalpura 35.70 38.38 61.62 13.73 13.45 4.76 68.07 64.30

2 Andaniyon Ki Beri 48.53 76.02 23.98 62.61 26.53 0.73 10.13 51.47

3 Bakani Sarnon Ki Dhani 45.44 99.34 0.66 95.72 0.66 0.33 3.29 54.56

4 Bhilon Ki Dhani Kalan 45.16 48.81 51.19 67.86 4.76 0.00 27.38 54.84

5 Chhotu 46.67 92.27 7.73 78.82 11.43 0.34 9.41 53.33

6 Dharmpura 50.58 41.33 58.67 70.41 5.10 0.00 24.49 49.42

7 Dheemri 60.94 40.48 59.52 39.28 2.89 13.49 44.34 39.06

8 Gudhamalani 49.07 78.49 21.51 88.11 3.96 0.75 7.17 50.93

9 Joona Khera 31.61 64.05 35.95 8.64 26.26 1.60 63.50 68.39

10 Jugtaniyon Ki Dhani 47.28 66.67 33.33 37.36 2.87 27.59 32.18 52.72

11 Khadali 51.71 99.40 0.60 96.39 0.60 0.00 3.01 48.29

12 Lakhari Nadi 43.42 56.33 43.67 77.60 12.44 0.45 9.50 56.58

13 Moodhsar 40.18 95.97 4.03 54.66 28.97 2.27 14.11 59.82

14 Naya Kua 38.89 58.93 41.07 11.61 0.89 0.89 86.61 61.11

15 Nehron Ka Tala 45.90 78.23 21.77 78.66 6.97 3.05 11.32 54.10

16 Peeprali 53.60 34.87 65.13 35.29 57.98 4.62 2.10 46.40

17 Phardodon Ki Dhani 36.06 57.18 42.82 31.99 12.09 4.03 51.89 63.94

18 Rohila 56.24 68.95 31.05 31.45 1.21 0.40 66.94 43.76

19 Sanawara Kalan 45.11 53.33 46.67 47.00 1.67 40.00 11.33 54.89

20 Seeloo 47.52 68.83 31.17 60.81 12.34 0.00 26.84 52.48

21 Shiv Nagar 38.79 60.05 39.95 29.65 22.86 0.00 47.49 61.21

22 Siyolon Ki Dhani 46.92 93.60 6.40 71.95 0.00 0.00 28.05 53.08

23 Sudaberi 48.91 84.65 15.35 98.84 0.17 0.50 0.50 51.09

24 Thoriyon Ka Tala 28.60 100.00 0.00 65.99 0.00 0.00 34.01 71.40

25 Udasar 56.55 59.02 40.98 86.27 4.30 2.87 6.56 43.45

Appendix 3.14

Consultation of the

Socio Economic

A Project Title: Onshore Oil and Gas Exploration and Appraisal in RJ-ONHP- 2017/1 Block, Barmer

District, Rajasthan

B Stakeholder Title: Villager

C Basic details: Businessman and farmer

Location: Udasar

Date April 24th 2019

D Attended By

Sr. Name Designation

1. Bhomaram Villagers

2. Debsagar Das

3.

E Purpose of Consultation

To ascertain the basic socio-economic conditions in the village.

F Key Points Inferred:

• Borewell water is fluoride contaminated.

• No government scheme is awarded to farmers in recent years.

• Caste-Bhil, Meghwar, Jatiyar, Bishnoi are the main SC/ST community.

• Post office is present within the village.

• Malaria is the main disease in rainy season, death has been also accounted due to it.

• Major source of income is Agriculture.

• Bus stop is available.

• Electricity is available most of the time.

• Positive response towards new industry and except to get employment there.

• Primary and secondary schools are also available.

• Canal facility is unavailable here.


District, Rajasthan


C Basic details: farmer and member of Panchayat

Location: Bund, Panchayat samiti- Gudamalani


D Attended By


1. Shovaram Villager and member of

Panchayat

2. Debsagar Das

3.




• Borewell water s fluoride contaminated.

• RO plant was set up by the government, but is now closed, due to lack of maintaenence.


• Around 260 household of SC/ST community are present in the village.

• Caste-Bhil, Meghwar, Jatiyar, Bishnoi, Lohar, Debasi, Kalbi are the main SC/ST community.

• Agriculture loan is available to the farmers, by Agricultural credit society.

• 30-40% of the population are BPL card holder.

• Pradhan mantri Abas Yojna is available but not to all.

• Sanitation facility is available, but the payment is due from Government.

• One PHC is in the village, but presence of Doctor is irregular, one Ayurvedic centre is also present.

• Malaria is the main disease in rainy season, death has been also accounted due to it.


• Electricity is available most of the time.


• Primary and secondary schools are also available.


District, Rajasthan


C Basic details: Labour and Partial farmer

Location: Bhimthal


D Attended By


1. Narpat Ram Villager

2. Debsagar Das

3.




• Borewell water is fluoride contaminated and not good in taste.

• Canal water is used for irrigation purpose, which is 8 km away.


• Around 350 household are present in the village.

• Caste-Bhil, Meghwar, Jatiyar, Sutar, Lohar, Debasi, Kalbi are the main SC/ST community.


• 30-40% of the population are BPL card holder.

• Pradhan mantri Abas Yojna is available but not to all.

• Sanitation facility is available.

• No PHC is available in the village, nearest hospital is 10 km away.

• Malaria and Swine flu is the main disease in rainy season, death has been also accounted due to it.


• Any mode of transportation, like bus is not available here.

• Electricity is not sufficient in this village.


• Primary (Anganwari) and secondary schools are also available.


District, Rajasthan

B Stakeholder Title: Villager and member of Pachayat

C Basic details: farmer

Location: Lakhari Nadi


D Attended By


1. Kistaram Villager

2. Debsagar Das

3.




• Average land holding is 2-5 bigha in this village.

• Borewell is not available for drinking water, so the villagers buy water for drinking purpose, which costs around

around 700 ruppees for 1500 litre of water.

• No canal system is available for irrigation purpose.

• Around 1500 household are present in the village, and 750 household belogs to SC and ST community.

• Caste-Bhil, Meghwar, Jatiyar, Sutar, Lohar, Debasi, Kalbi are the main SC/ST community.


• 20-30 % of the population are BPL card holder.

• Pradhan mantri Abas Yojna, Rojgar Yojna is available but not to all.


• No PHC is available in the village, nearest hospital is 10 km away.

• Malaria and Swine flu is the main disease in rainy season, death has been also accounted due to it.


• Only one number of govt bus is available for transport.

• Electricity is available for 6 hours only, daily.


• Primary (1-5) and secondary schools are also available.

• Mobile network is not good here.


District, Rajasthan


C Basic details: farmer

Location: Mokhawa


D Attended By


1. Meraram Villager

2. Debsagar Das

3.





• Two-time crop cultivation in a year.

• Borewell is available for drinking water and irrigation.

• The quality of drinking water is good, land has been acquired for setting up of RO plant but still not there.

• No canal system is available for irrigation purpose.

• Around 800-1000 household are present in the village, and 300 household belongs to SC and ST community.

• Caste-Bhil, Meghwar, Jatiyar, Sutar, Bishnoi, Debasi, Kalbi are the main SC/ST community.


• Pradhan mantri Abas Yojna, Rojgar Yojna is available but not to all.

• Government schemes are well developed.


• PHC is available in the village, nearest hospital is 22 km away.

• Malaria and Swine flu is the main disease in rainy season, but no death has been also accounted due to it.


• Only one number of govt bus is available for transport.

• Electricity is available and sufficient.


• Primary (1-5), secondary and higher secondary schools are also available.


District, Rajasthan

B Stakeholder Title: Farmer

C Basic details: Teacher

Location: Naya Nagar, Pachayat samiti- Gudhamalani


D Attended By


1. Antaram Villager

2. Debsagar Das

3.





• Most of the students are from farmer family.

• School left out ratio is high after class 10, students engage themselves in work to earn money.

• Caste system is not available.

• Government funds are available to schools.




• Pradhan mantri Abas Yojna, Rojgar Yojna is available.



• PHC is available in the village.

• Main problem is of drinking water, present condition of drinking water is fluoride contaminated.

• Mode of transportation is not well developed; no government bus is available here.







District, Rajasthan

B Stakeholder Title: Villager and member of Pachayat

C Basic details: Farmer

Location: Goliya, Pachayat samiti- Gudhamalani


D Attended By


1. Magaram Member of Panchayat

2. Debsagar Das

3.




• Cultivation is done for three times in a year, but for past few years it has been done twice, due to unavailability

of water.

• Road condition is very well maintained.

• Borewell is used for drinking water and irrigation, no canal system is available.

• Drinking water is hard and fluoride contaminated.

• LPG usage is 50 percent of the total population.

• RO plant was set up few years back but is now closed due to improper maintenance.




• Pradhan Mantri Abas Yojana, Rojgar Yojana is available.



• PHC is available in the village.

• Mode of transportation is not well developed; no government bus is available here.







District, Rajasthan



Location: Kharodi, Pachayat samiti- Gudhamalani


D Attended By


1. Dhanaram Member of Panchayat

2. Debsagar Das

3.




• Most of the villager are farmer.

• Canal water system is not available for irrigation system.

• Borewell is not also available for drinking water, it is brought from 20 m far, which cost 700 rupees for 500 litre.

• Only one-time crop cultivation is done.

• A higher secondary school is present and one private college is available in the village.

• No facility of primary school.

• Sanitation facility is not very good, and no government scheme is also not awarded for this in the village.

• One bank and one sub post office are available in the village.

• PHC is present and treatment is available.

• 60 percent population of the village is enlisted under BPL category.

• Approximately 3000 household are present in the village, and 1500 household belong to SC, ST and OBC

category.

• Meghwar, Bhil, Jatika, Yogi, Horizon are communities present in the village.

• Positive response towards new industry.

• No bus stand is available and one govt bus is there, but the condition is very bad.

• Live stock death is a common factor, n summer.

• Two tanka are present in the village, but no water is available there.


District, Rajasthan



Location: Rnasar Khurd, Pachayat Samiti- Gudhamalani


D Attended By


1. Bheraram Villager

2. Debsagar Das

3.





• Canal water system available for irrigation purpose, and 15 km away.

• Borewell is not also available for drinking water, it is brought from 20 m far, which cost 700 rupees for 500 litre.

• Only one-time crop cultivation is done.

• Approximately 5000 household is there, and almost 1200 household is belonging to SC, ST and OBC.

• Primary and Higher secondary school is available, but college is 40 km away from the village,

• Sanitation facility available to the 40% of the people, and 10-20 percent of people got the Pradhan Mantri Abas

Yojna.

• Electricity facility is not suffiecient.

• One bank and one sub post office are available in the village.

• PHC is present and treatment is available.

• 60 percent population of the village is enlisted under BPL category.

• Approximately 3000 household are present in the village, and 1500 household belong to SC, ST and OBC

category.

• Meghwar, Bhil, Jatika, Yogi, Horizon are communities present in the village.


• No bus stand is available and one govt bus is there, but the condition is very bad.

• Live stock death is a common factor, n summer.

• Two tanka are present in the village, but no water is available there.

• Problems with mobile network.


District, Rajasthan



Location: Nai Band, Pachayat- Gudhamalani


D Attended By


1. Pawan Kumar Villager

2. Debsagar Das

3.





• Two-time cultivation is done in the village.

• No canal system is available for irrigation purpose, but borewell is available for drinking and irrigation purpose.

• 1 PHC is available, but the facility is proper.

• Agricultural loan is available from Agricultural credit society.

• Approximately 500 household is present in the village, almost 150 household is belonging to SC and ST

community.

• One sub post office present nearly 15 km away.

• Electricity facility is not sufficient in the village.

• One middle school and one secondary school is present in the village.

• Drinking water is problem is prevalent in summer.

• Construction of canal is being proposed here.

• Sanitation facility is given by governmental scheme.

• No government bus is available for transportation, but private bus is available.


District, Rajasthan

B Stakeholder Title: Group of farmers


Location: Meethi Beri, Pachayat Samiti- Gudhamalni


D Attended By


1. A group of villagers Villager

2. Debsagar Das

3.




• Most of the villagers are farmer and the main source of income is cultivation.

• No canal facility is available, and the present borewell condition is not also good.

• Due to un avaibility of water, only once crop cultivation is done, which is a economic stress to all the farmers.

• People have to buy water tanks to meet the need of drinking water.

• Agricultural credit is not regular from the bank.

• Only 46 percent of the people got the hold of sanitation facility.


• Electricity is sufficient.

• PHC is there, but treatment is not available.

• Rojgar guarantee and Pradhan Mantri Abas Yojna is available.

• Electricity is 24 hours available.

Appendix 7.1 Leak

Sizes, Inventories

and Hazardous

Chemicals within

the Isolatable

Sections

Appendix 7.1- information on leak sizes, inventories and hazardous chemicals within the isolatable sections.

Table 1: Inventory used, Time Assumptions, Leak Sizes, & Flow Rate Etc.

S.

No

Isolatable

Section

Line

Size

Flow

rate/Cap

acity

Temper

ature

(deg C)

Pressur

e (bar)

physica

l state

Leak Sizes

(mm)

ESDV closure

time utilized for

inventory (in

min)

Remark

Comments

1 From Well Fluid

from Well to Inlet

of Heater

Separator

200

mm

2000

BOPD

25 55 2

Phase-

Liquid

and Gas

Small Leak : 5

mm

Medium Leak :

25 mm

Large Leak :

100 mm

Catastrophic :

200 mm

5 minute

3 minute

2 minute

1 minute

2 Heater Treater

Separator – Oil

Case

200

mm

2000

BOPD

(10.5 * 6.5

m)

75 3 Liquid Small Leak : 5

mm

Medium Leak :

25 mm

Large Leak :

100 mm

Catastrophic :

200 mm

5 minute

3 minute

2 minute

1 minute

This section

is modelled

(100% as oil)

3 Heater Treater

Separator – Gas

Case

200

mm

5 mmscfd

(10.5 * 6.5

m)

75 3 Gas Small Leak : 5

mm

Medium Leak :

25 mm

Large Leak :

100 mm

Catastrophic :

200 mm

5 minute

3 minute

2 minute

1 minute

1. This

section is

modelled

(100% as

Gas)

2.

Dimensions

are taken

from Layout

Block

S.

No

Isolatable

Section

Line

Size

Flow

rate/Cap

acity

Temper

ature

(deg C)

Pressur

e (bar)

physica

l state

Leak Sizes

(mm)

ESDV closure

time utilized for

inventory (in

min)

Remark

Comments

4 Oil from Heater

Treater

Separator to

inlet of Oil

Storage Tanks

including

coaleser

separator

150 6* 2.5 75 3

Liquid Small Leak : 5

mm

Medium Leak :

25 mm

Large Leak :

100 mm

Catastrophic :

150 mm

5 minute

3 minute

2 minute

1 minute

Dimensions

are taken

from Layout

Block

5 From XSV of

tank inlet to

pump inlet

including Oil

Storage Tank

150 1000

bbls

75 Atm Liquid Small Leak : 5

mm

Medium Leak :

25 mm

Large Leak :

100 mm

Catastrophic :

150 mm

5 minute

3 minute

2 minute

1 minute

6 From Oil Transfer

pump outlet to

tanker loading

Facility

150 1000

bbls

75 10 Liquid Small Leak : 5

mm

Medium Leak :

25 mm

Large Leak :

100 mm

Catastrophic :

150 mm

5 minute

3 minute

2 minute

1 minute

10 bar is

considered

as per best

practice

7 Oil Tanker Failure - 10 KL Amb Atm Liquid Catastrophic

Rupture

-

S.

No

Isolatable

Section

Line

Size

Flow

rate/Cap

acity

Temper

ature

(deg C)

Pressur

e (bar)

physica

l state

Leak Sizes

(mm)

ESDV closure

time utilized for

inventory (in

min)

Remark

Comments

8 Diesel Storage

Tank

100 60 KL Amb Atm Liquid Small Leak : 5

mm

Medium Leak :

25 mm

Large Leak : 50

mm

Catastrophic :

100 mm

5 minute

3 minute

2 minute

1 minute

9 Fuel Gas System 200 5 mmscfd 75 3 Gas Small Leak : 5

mm

Medium Leak :

25 mm

Large Leak :

100 mm

Catastrophic :

200 mm

5 minute

3 minute

2 minute

1 minute

10 Flare System 200 5 mmscfd 75 1.2 Gas Small Leak : 5

mm

Medium Leak :

25 mm

Large Leak :

100 mm

Catastrophic :

200 mm

5 minute

3 minute

2 minute

1 minute


July,2019 AECOM

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